abstract: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) has been increasingly recognized as an important @entity1 for neural and visual development during the first 6 mon of life. One important point of controversy that remains is the degree to which adequate levels of @entity2 can be acquired from endogenous synthesis in @entity0 vs. what should be provided as dietary @entity2 . We have approached this problem by a retrospective analysis of published body composition data to estimate the actual accumulation of @entity2 in the @entity0 @entity0 brain, liver, adipose tissue, remaining lean tissue, and whole body. Estimating whether @entity0 can synthesize sufficient @entity2 required comparison to and extrapolation from animal data. Over the first 6 mon of life, @entity2 accumulates at about 10 mg/d in the whole body of breast-fed @entity0 , with 48% of that amount appearing in the brain. To achieve that rate of accumulation, breast-fed @entity0 need to consume a minimum of 20 mg @entity2 /d. Virtually all breast milk provides a @entity2 intake of at least 60 mg/d. Despite a store of about 1,050 mg of @entity2 in body fat at term birth and an intake of about 390 mg/d @entity4 (alpha-LnA), the brain of formula-fed @entity0 not consuming @entity2 accumulates half the @entity2 of the brain of breast-fed @entity0 while the rest of the body actually loses @entity2 over the first 6 mon of life. No experimental data indicate that formula-fed @entity0 not consuming @entity2 are able to convert the necessary 5.2% of alpha-LnA intake to @entity2 to match the @entity2 accumulation of breast-fed @entity0 . We conclude that dietary @entity2 should likely be provided during at least the first 6 mon of life.

title: Breast-fed @entity0 achieve a higher rate of brain and whole body @entity3 accumulation than formula-fed @entity0 not consuming dietary XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Surgery is the treatment of choice in @entity0 with a diagnosis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). A pivotal of eligibility for resection is the early stage of the disease and histopathological assessment. The performance status and comorbidities in population, predominated by elderly @entity0 , also influence the therapeutic decisions. In some @entity1 @entity0 @entity3 coexists, characterized by a decrease in lung function. Then the preoperative evaluation is particularly important, for both the risk of @entity2 , lung function and quality of life postoperatively. Recently several recommendations for preoperative evaluation of @entity0 being considered for surgery were published. The guidelines of BTS (2001, 2010), ACCP (2007, 2013) and joint recommendations of ERS and ESTS (2009) have been based on the currently available research results, and indicated the algorithms. The recommendations ERS/ESTS and ACCP distinguished cardiac risk estimation in all @entity0 , which should precede the evaluation of lung function. According to the latest recommendations (ACCP 2013) the next step is spirometry, DLCO measurement and calculation of predicted postoperative values for both parameters. The low-technology exercise tests (stair climbing, shuttle walk test) were assigned as valuable to discriminate @entity0 at low and intermediate perioperative risk. The cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) is recommended to be performed at the final qualification for surgery in @entity0 with high risk. It was also stressed that therapeutic decisions should be taken multidisciplinary, allowing to estimate the risk of complications and to evaluate the expected quality of life in the postoperative time.

title: [Assessment of respiratory function in the qualification for XXXX surgery].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Shiga toxin-producing @entity0 (STEC) O157:H7 is an important food-borne pathogen that has been implicated in numerous disease outbreaks worldwide. Little is known about the extent and molecular basis of antimicrobial resistance in STEC O157:H7 of food origin. Therefore, the current study aimed to characterize the genetic basis of multidrug resistance in 54 STEC O157:H7 strains isolated from 1600 food samples (800 meat products and 800 dairy products) collected from different street venders, butchers, retail markets, and slaughterhouses in Egypt. Thirty-one of 54 (57.4%) isolates showed multidrug resistance phenotypes to at least three classes of antimicrobials. The highest incidence of antimicrobial resistance was to @entity6 (96.8%), followed by @entity5 (93.6%), @entity2 (90.3%), @entity4 (87.1%), and @entity1 (80.6%). PCR and DNA sequencing were used to screen and characterize integrons and antibiotic resistance genes, and 29.6% and 5.6% of isolates were positive for class 1 and class 2 integrons, respectively. b-Lactamase-encoding genes were identified in 63.0% of isolates as follows: @entity8 and blaTEM-52 in 35.2% and 1.9% isolates respectively; blaCMY-2 in 13.0% isolates; blaCTX-M in 5.6% isolates; blaSHV-12 in 5.6% isolates; and blaOXA-1 in 1.9% isolate. The plasmid-mediated @entity3 resistance genes were identified in 13.0% of isolates as follows: qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in 5.6%, 3.7%, and 3.7% isolates, respectively. Finally, the @entity7 resistance gene floR was identified in 7.4% of isolates. This study demonstrated that meat and dairy products are potential sources of multidrug resistant STEC O157:H7. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the occurrence of class 2 integrons, qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr in STEC O157:H7.

title: Molecular analysis of multidrug resistance in Shiga toxin-producing XXXX O157:H7 isolated from meat and dairy products.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of @entity3 meal (SM) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) on biogenic @entity6 production and microbial diversity using in vitro ruminal fermentation. Treatments comprised of incubation of 2 g of mixture (expressed as 10 parts) containing different ratios of SM to @entity8 as: 0:0, 10:0, 7:3, 5:5, 3:7, or 0:10. In vitro ruminal fermentation parameters were determined at 0, 12, 24, and 48 h of incubation while the biogenic @entity6 and microbial diversity were determined at 48 h of incubation. Treatment with highest proportion of SM had higher (p<0.05) gas production than those with higher proportions of @entity8 . Samples with higher proportion of @entity8 resulted in lower pH than those with higher proportion of SM after 48 h of incubation. The largest change in NH3-N concentration from 0 to 48 h was observed on all SM while the smallest was observed on exclusive @entity8 . Similarly, exclusive @entity8 had the lowest NH3-N concentration among all groups after 24 h of incubation. Increasing @entity0 ( @entity1 ) concentrations were observed with time, and @entity1 concentrations were higher (p<0.05) with greater proportions of SM than @entity8 . Balanced proportion of SM and @entity8 had the highest (p<0.05) total volatile @entity2 (TVFA) while propionate was found highest in higher proportion of @entity8 . Moreover, biogenic @entity6 (BA) was higher (p<0.05) in samples containing greater proportions of SM. Histamines, @entity6 index and total @entity5 were highest in exclusive SM followed in sequence mixtures with increasing proportion of @entity8 (and lowered proportion of SM) at 48 h of incubation. Nine dominant bands were identified by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and their identity ranged from 87% to 100% which were mostly isolated from rumen and feces. Bands R2 ( @entity7 clone RB-5E1) and R4 ( @entity7 rumen bacterium clone L7A_C10) bands were found in samples with higher proportions of SM while R3 ( @entity7 Firmicutes bacterium clone NI_52), R7 ( @entity9 sp. MCB2), R8 ( @entity9 gene) and R9 ( @entity9 LongY6) were found in samples with higher proportions of @entity8 . Different feed ratios affect rumen fermentation in terms of pH, NH3-N, @entity1 , BA, volatile @entity2 and other metabolite concentrations and microbial diversity. Balanced protein and @entity4 ratios are needed for rumen fermentation.

title: Effect of XXXX Meal and Soluble Starch on Biogenic Amine Production and Microbial Diversity Using In vitro Rumen Fermentation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the impact of traditional counseling and @entity0 -centered counseling, either alone or with recorded audio counseling reinforcement, on @entity2 knowledge and clinical follow-up. DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Newly diagnosed @entity2 @entity0 were randomized to 1 of 3 categories of @entity2 counseling: traditional counseling, @entity0 -centered counseling, or @entity0 -centered counseling with audio counseling reinforcement. Demographic and clinical information from each subject was ascertained, and all subjects completed the @entity2 Knowledge Assessment before and after counseling sessions at the time of diagnosis and at 1-month follow-up. @entity0 were instructed to return to clinic for routine follow-up at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12  months after enrollment. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to determine factors associated with appropriate clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Overall, only 13.5% of subjects had appropriate clinical follow-up at 1 year, defined as attending at least 3 follow-up visits during that interval, and there was no significant difference between counseling groups. The mean @entity2 knowledge assessment score (GKAS) improved by 77.6% with the initial counseling intervention (P < .0001), decreased by 17.4% within a 1-month period following initial counseling, and improved by 22.8% (P < .001) after the second counseling intervention. Monthly household income over 2500 rupees, GKAS greater than 5 after initial counseling, and undergoing any ocular surgical procedure were all independent predictors of appropriate follow-up. CONCLUSION: While all 3 counseling methods resulted in transient improvement of @entity0 knowledge regarding @entity1 , follow-up rates were poor for all groups. Poor retention of @entity2 knowledge may impact the likelihood of @entity0 follow-up, and reinforcement with repeated counseling may be beneficial with regard to both disease knowledge and follow-up.

title: Effectiveness of @entity2 Counseling on Rates of Follow-up and XXXX Knowledge in  a  South Indian Population.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A 43-year-old @entity0 with an unremarkable medical history presented to our hospital with 2   weeks of @entity1 , @entity6 and @entity5 . CT of the head revealed a large haemorrhagic @entity8 . A subsequent chest CT revealed a large left atrial mass. The mass was subsequently biopsied with positive immunohistochemistry staining for @entity9 , @entity10 and @entity7 . Real-time PCR revealed @entity9 amplification, confirming the diagnosis of @entity4 . The @entity0 underwent surgical resection and reconstruction of the atrium with subsequent discharge to short-term rehabilitation, but his symptoms continued to progress. A repeat CT of the head revealed a new cerebellar mass. He underwent a second resection, but continued to experience worsening symptoms. He was diagnosed with stage IV @entity4 and referred to hospice. The @entity0 died 5   months after initial presentation. Autopsy was performed and revealed the cause of @entity3 as @entity2 . There was no involvement of the pulmonic or aortic vessels.

title: Intimal (spindle cell) XXXX of the left atrium presenting with abnormal neurological examination.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 45 @entity0 were treated by combined application of antilymphocyte serum, @entity4 and @entity3 : a control group of such 22 @entity0 was besides treated by @entity4 and @entity3 only. The treatment by antilymphocyte serum included a four weeks initial treatment, and one year continuous treatment one infusion per week. @entity4 and @entity3 were given every day during the same time. @entity4 only was given during the three following year. The two groups were followed up during four years. This treatment was well accepted by @entity0 under strict technical survey conditions. Serum sickness was noted in 11 p. cent of the cases. The equine antiglobulin antibody titre, increased during the initial treatment, was connected with serum sickness or, when the treatment was continued, with the inefficacy of the treatment. Rosettes titre decreased in ten cases, no clinical correlation was possible. The complement, immune complexes, were normal before treatment with most of the observed @entity0 . The delayed @entity2 skin tests were negative after a month in 80 p. cent of the cases. The cerebrospinal fluid analysis, for the elements as well as for the rate of proteins and gammaglobulins, showed no significant variations before and after the treatment. The comparison with the control group showed a significant statistical difference as too the number of aggravated and improved @entity0 after the first year. When grouping together stable and improved @entity0 , the difference was statistically significant after the third year. The difference was not significant in years "two" or four. No difference in the frequency of the relapses could be noted, in the first year or the following three years. In spite of inconsistent results comparison showed favorable data after three years. The good results seemed due to the additional use of antilymphocyte serum. Such a treatment associating antilymphocyte serum to @entity4 and @entity3 is beneficial in evolutive, remittent and recent @entity1 . Through the length of the treatment remains difficult to determine, we conclude that it is really beneficial for such @entity0 .

title: [Treatment of progressive and severe forms of @entity1 using a combination of antilymphocyte serum, @entity4 and @entity3 . Clinical and biological results. Comparison with a control group treated with XXXX and @entity3 only. 4-year follow-up].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The Purpose of the Paper. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of selected parameters of mandible movements, electronically registered in @entity0 with @entity1 and healthy ones. Material. Function test of the mandible movements was conducted in 175 @entity0 . Gender distribution was 143 @entity0 and 32 @entity0 , aged 9 to 84. Methods. The studied population, after accurate clinical examination, was divided into age groups with the range of five years. All the @entity0 had Zebris JMA computerized facebow examination done, according to the generally accepted principles and procedures. Results. Mean values of mouth opening calculated to 45.6   mm in healthy group and 37.6   mm in @entity1 dysfunction group. Mean length of condylar path amounted to 39    7% of the maximum value of mouth opening in the group of healthy @entity0 , 44    11% in the case of muscle-based disorders, and 35    11% with joint-based. The mean value of the condylar path inclination oscillated in the range of 25   to 45  . Conclusions. The ratio of length of the condylar path to the size of mouth opening may be a significant value characterising the type and degree of intensification of the @entity2 .

title: Assessment of the XXXX Dysfunction Using the Computerized Facebow Analysis of Selected Parameters.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The antitumor effects of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ), administered separately or in various combinations, on @entity0 @entity1 cells xenotransplanted into BALB/c @entity2 were studied using the protocol of Battelle's Columbus Laboratories (Ovejera et al., 1978). @entity9 (1,000 mg/kg in 2 divided doses) and @entity5 (50 mg/kg) were given intraperitoneally (i.p.) for 7 consecutive days from the time when the @entity1 weighed about 100 mg. @entity4 (2 mg/kg) was given i.p. every other day from the same time. Animals treated with either @entity9 or @entity5 alone displayed @entity1 growth comparable to that seen in untreated controls. In @entity2 treated with @entity9 plus @entity5 with or without @entity4 , or in @entity2 treated only with @entity4 , @entity1 growth was significantly lower than in untreated @entity2 . In the group which received only combined @entity9 / @entity5 there was a rapid regrowth of the @entity1 after termination of therapy. @entity1 putrescine levels decreased within 4 days following the administration of @entity9 ; however, @entity8 levels did not decline with either @entity9 or @entity5 treatment even after 7 days. When combined @entity9 / @entity5 was given, there was a significant decline in @entity8 levels 7 days after the initiation of treatment. In contrast, when @entity4 alone was administered, @entity6 and @entity8 levels in the @entity1 did not differ from those in control @entity2 . @entity7 decreased markedly in @entity1 with the combined administration of @entity9 / @entity5 as well as with combined @entity9 / @entity5 / @entity4 , but decreased only slightly when @entity4 alone or @entity4 plus either @entity9 or @entity5 was administered. By the 7th treatment day, DNA biosynthesis in the @entity1 had dropped markedly in all groups except those receiving @entity9 or @entity5 alone.

title: Antitumor effects of two polyamine antimetabolites combined with @entity3 on XXXX @entity1 cells xenotransplanted into @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Salt treatment of the cytoplasmic @entity0 -receptor complex from @entity2 oviduct induces a strong affinity of the complex for DNA-cellulose and @entity3 . This process is called activation. Binding to heparin- and lysozyme-sepharose is also observed with the untreated complex. But, the salt treatment, additional binding of the complex to these adsorbents is seen. The increased ability of the complex to bind to polyanions and polycations is destroyed by mild trypsination. The binding to the hydrophobic adsorbent is not affected by this treatment. Neither a change of the sedimentation constant nor of the size of the receptor protein is observed after salt treatment in the cold. After binding of the salt-activated @entity0 -receptor complex to DNA-cellulose in the cold, an increase of its sedimentation constant and its size, as measured by density-gradient centrifugation and agarose gel chromatography, resp., becomes apparent. A similar phenomenon is observed after binding to DEAE-cellulose and to some extent after binding to heparin-sepharose. The nuclear complex seems to have the same sedimentation constant as the cytoplasmic complex eluted from DNA-cellulose. The sedimentation constant of the nuclear complex is not changed after DNA-cellulose chromatography. The cytoplasmic @entity1 -receptor complex from the same tissue, i.e. the oviduct, does not show any change of size. Thus the well-known process of transformation can now be separated into 2 steps. (1) Activation of the @entity0 -receptor complex for its binding to various adsorbents in vitro and probably to its acceptor site(s) in vivo. (2) Increase of receptor size. This second step seems to be a special property of the @entity0 -receptor complex. Its physiological significance is unclear.

title: Transformation of the estrogen-receptor complex from XXXX oviduct in 2 steps.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy of umbilical cord serum eyedrops for the treatment of severe @entity2 . METHODS: Fifty-five eyes of 31 @entity0 with severe @entity2 were treated with umbilical cord serum eyedrops. Symptom scoring, tear film break-up time (BUT), Schirmer test, corneal sensitivity test, and corneal @entity3 staining were performed before and 1 and 2 months after treatment, and conjunctival impression cytology was performed before and 2 months after treatment. The concentrations of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity1 , and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) in umbilical cord serum and normal peripheral blood serum were measured. RESULTS: Two months after treatment, significant improvement was observed in symptom score (from 3.07 +/- 0.54 to 0.96 +/- 0. 58), BUT (from 3.96 +/- 1.56 to 5.45 +/- 2.54 seconds), and keratoepitheliopathy score (from 4.87 +/- 3.22 to 1.71 +/- 1.84) (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant change in Schirmer and corneal sensitivity tests. In impression cytology, the grade of @entity4 (from 2.35 +/- 0.72 to 1.44 +/- 0.69) and goblet cell density (from 80.91 +/- 31.53 to 154.68 +/- 43.06 cell/mm) improved significantly (P < 0.01). The mean concentrations of @entity5 , TGF-beta, and @entity1 were 0.48 +/- 0.09, 57.14 +/- 18.98, and 230.85 +/- 13.39 ng/mL in umbilical cord serum and 0.14 +/- 0.03, 31.30 +/- 12.86, and 372.34 +/- 22.32 ng/mL in peripheral blood serum, respectively. CONCLUSION: Umbilical cord serum contains essential tear components, and umbilical cord serum eyedrops are effective and safe for the treatment of severe @entity2 .

title: Application of umbilical cord serum eyedrops for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Modeling cellular metabolism is fundamental for many biotechnological applications, including drug discovery and rational cell factory design. Central @entity0 metabolism (CCM) is particularly important as it provides the energy and precursors for other biological processes. However, the complex regulation of CCM pathways has still not been fully unraveled and recent studies have shown that CCM is mostly regulated at post-transcriptional levels. In order to better understand the role of allosteric regulation in controlling the metabolic phenotype, we expand the reconstruction of CCM in @entity1 with @entity3 obtained from relevant databases. This model is used to integrate multi-omics datasets and analyze the coordinated changes in enzyme, metabolite, and flux levels between multiple experimental conditions. We observe cases where @entity3 have a major contribution to the metabolic flux changes. Inspired by these results, we develop a constraint-based method (arFBA) for simulation of metabolic flux distributions that accounts for @entity3 . This method can be used for systematic prediction of potential allosteric regulation under the given experimental conditions based on experimental data. We show that arFBA allows predicting coordinated flux changes that would not be predicted without considering allosteric regulation. The results reveal the importance of key regulatory metabolites, such as @entity2 , in controlling the metabolic flux. Accounting for @entity3 in metabolic reconstructions reveals a hidden topology in metabolic networks, improving our understanding of cellular metabolism and fostering the development of novel simulation methods that account for this type of regulation.

title: Modeling the Contribution of Allosteric Regulation for Flux Control in the Central @entity0 Metabolism of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background  -Glutamyl transpeptidase 1 ( @entity4 ) is an N-glycosylated membrane protein that catabolizes extracellular glutathione and other   -glutamyl-containing substrates. In a variety of disease states, including @entity1 formation, the enzyme is shed from the surface of the cell and can be detected in serum. The structures of the N-glycans on @entity0 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) have been shown to be tissue-specific. Tumor-specific changes in the glycans have also been observed, suggesting that the N-glycans on @entity4 would be an important biomarker for detecting @entity1 and monitoring their progression during treatment. However, the large quantities of purified protein required to fully characterize the carbohydrate content poses a significant challenge for biomarker development. Herein, we investigated a new antibody-lectin sandwich array (ALSA) platform to determine whether this microanalytical technique could be applied to the characterization of N-glycan content of @entity4 in complex biological samples.ResultsOur data show that @entity4 can be isolated from detergent extracted membrane proteins by binding to the ALSA platform. Probing @entity4 with lectins enables characterization of the N-glycans. We probed @entity4 from normal @entity0 liver tissue, normal @entity0 kidney tissue, and @entity4 expressed in the @entity2 @entity3 . The lectin binding patterns obtained with the ALSA platform are consistent with the @entity4 N-glycan composition obtained from previous large-scale @entity4 N-glycan characterizations from these sources. We also validate the implementation of the @entity5 lectin, microvirin, in this platform and provide refined evidence for its efficacy in specifically recognizing high-mannose-type N-glycans, a class of carbohydrate modification that is distinctive of @entity4 expressed by many @entity1 .ConclusionUsing this microanalytical approach, we provide proof-of-concept for the implementation of ALSA in conducting high-throughput studies aimed at investigating disease-related changes in the glycosylation patterns on @entity4 with the goal of enhancing clinical diagnoses and targeted treatment regimens.

title: Detection of distinct glycosylation patterns on XXXX   -glutamyl transpeptidase 1 using antibody-lectin sandwich array (ALSA) technology.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has recently been suggested that non-reflex behavioral readouts, such as burrowing, may be used to evaluate the efficacy of analgesics in rodent models of @entity2 . OBJECTIVE: To confirm whether intraplantar Complete Freund's Adjuvant ( @entity8 )-induced @entity2 reliably results in @entity1 which can be ameliorated by clinically efficacious analgesics as previously suggested. METHODS: Uni- or bilateral intraplantar @entity8 injections were performed in male @entity0 Han @entity0 . The time- and concentration-response of @entity1 and the ability of various analgesics to reinstate burrowing performance were studied. An anxiolytic was also tested to evaluate the motivational cue that drives this behavior. RESULTS: @entity1 were dependent on the concentration of @entity8 injected, most pronounced 24h after @entity8 injections and even more pronounced after bilateral compared with unilateral injections. @entity10 and @entity9 reversed @entity8 -induced @entity1 whereas @entity7 failed to significantly reinstate burrowing performance. @entity3 and @entity4 failed to reinstate burrowing performance, but sedation was observed in control @entity0 at doses thought to be efficacious. An antibody directed against the nerve growth factor significantly improved @entity8 -induced @entity1 . Neither @entity5 nor the anxiolytic @entity6 reinstated burrowing performance and the opportunity to find shelter did not modify burrowing performance. CONCLUSION: Burrowing is an innate behavior reliably exhibited by @entity0 . It is suppressed in a model of @entity2 and differently reinstated by clinically efficacious analgesics that lack motor impairing side effects, but not an anxiolytic, suggesting that this assay is suitable for the assessment of analgesic efficacy of novel drugs.

title: Pharmacological characterization of intraplantar Complete Freund's Adjuvant-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether long-term improvement could be observed after orbital radiotherapy for @entity4 ; in addition, to evaluate ancillary treatments needed for those who have received radiotherapy, to search for late-emerging adverse consequences of radiotherapy, and to relate orbital changes to serum levels of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulin (TSI). DESIGN: Three-year follow-up of noncomparative interventional case series. @entity0 : Forty-two @entity0 . INTERVENTION: All @entity0 had received orbital radiotherapy within 6 months of study entry. Twelve months after study entry, @entity0 were free to select any additional treatment for their @entity5 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Need for surgery, @entity1 therapy, volume of extraocular muscles and fat, proptosis, area of @entity2 fields and range of extraocular muscle motion, volume changes after decompression and correlations of eye findings with serum TSI levels, retinal status. RESULTS: Half of the @entity0 elected to have a surgical procedure on their eyes or orbits. Among @entity0 who were not decompressed, we found only slight improvement in some of the main outcome measures. TSI did not positively correlate with baseline status or with any observed change in major outcome measures. After orbital decompression, the volumes of both muscle and fat increase, but bony orbital volume increases more and proptosis diminishes. @entity3 consistent with @entity3 developed de novo in five eyes of three @entity0 within 3 years of radiation therapy. CONCLUSIONS: In this 3-year uncontrolled follow-up phase, limited evidence for a clinically significant improvement was observed, which may be the result of treatment or of natural remission. In either case, the changes are of little clinical significance. Because it is neither effective nor innocuous, radiotherapy does not seem to be indicated for treatment of mild to moderate @entity5 .

title: The aftermath of orbital radiotherapy for graves' XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: 21 elbows in 18 @entity0 with @entity2 were treated with a Souter-Strathclyde total elbow prosthesis. 18 elbows were included in a radiostereometry (RSA) study. The aim of this clinical RSA study was to assess the three-dimensional micromotion pattern of the Souter-Strathclyde prosthesis, and thereby gain insight in the @entity3 process of this prosthesis. Implants were defined as at risk of @entity3 when the translation rate during the second postoperative year was more than 0.4 mm along one or more coordinate axes and/or the rate of rotation was more than 1 degrees about one or more coordinate axes. Clinical examination revealed an increase in the range of motion and a marked @entity1 . The RSA showed that 8 of 18 humeral components were at risk of @entity3 , although no signs of such loosening-defined as a complete radiolucent line of 2 mm or more-were found on the plain radiographs. In 7 humeral components, an anterior tilt about the transverse @entity4 was seen that resulted in an anterior translation of the proximal tip and a posterior translation of the component's trochlea. Long-term studies of the Souter-Strathclyde prosthesis, have shown that this rotation is a specific pattern of failure in some implants. None of the ulnar components was at risk for @entity3 . Improvements in fixation of the Souter-Strathclyde total elbow arthroplasty should focus on the humeral component. At present, the lateral flange of the implant is enlarged to improve rotational stability about the transverse and longitudinal axes. The effect of this change in design on micromotion of the Souter-Strathclyde total elbow prosthesis will be studied in a randomized RSA study comparing the new design to the existing one.

title: Micromotion of the Souter-Strathclyde total elbow prosthesis in XXXX with @entity2 21 elbows followed for 2 years.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Computed tomographic (CT) @entity4 ( @entity4 ) areas after endovascular therapy for acute @entity3 are a common finding indicative of blood-brain barrier disruption. @entity7 allows an accurate differentiation between @entity4 areas related to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or to @entity6 ( @entity6 ). We sought to evaluate the prognostic significance of the presence of @entity1 and @entity6 after endovascular therapy. METHODS: A prospective cohort of 132 @entity0 treated with endovascular therapy was analyzed. According to dual-energy CT findings, @entity0 were classified into 3 groups: no @entity4 areas (n=53), @entity1 (n=32), and @entity6 (n=47). The rate of new @entity5 transformations was recorded at follow-up neuroimaging. Clinical outcome was evaluated at 90 days with the modified Rankin Scale (poor outcome, 3-6). RESULTS: Poor outcome was associated with the presence of @entity1 (odds ratio [OR], 11.3; 95% confidence interval, 3.34-38.95) and @entity6 (OR, 10.4; 95% confidence interval, 3.42-31.68). The rate of poor outcome despite complete recanalization was also significantly higher in @entity1 (OR, 9.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.55-37.18) and @entity6 (OR, 15.1; 95% confidence interval, 3.85-59.35) groups, compared with the no- @entity4 group. @entity0 with @entity1 disclosed a higher incidence of delayed @entity5 transformation at follow-up (OR, 4.5; 95% confidence interval, 1.22-16.37) compared with no- @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Blood-brain barrier disruption, defined as @entity1 and @entity6 on dual-energy CT, was associated with poor clinical outcomes in @entity0 with @entity2 treated with endovascular therapies. Moreover, isolated @entity1 was associated with delayed @entity5 transformation. These results support the clinical relevance of blood-brain barrier disruption in @entity2 .

title: Relevance of Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption After Endovascular Treatment of XXXX : Dual-Energy Computed Tomographic Study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a rare @entity1 of unknown origin, it has the appearance of a @entity1 but has a benign histology and clinical course. Therefore, we studied five @entity0 with @entity7 of the liver to determine what examination can aid in its diagnosis. Five cases of @entity4 were analyzed. All @entity0 were examined by echography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) and angiography to diagnose the @entity2 . In all @entity0 echography and CT scan showed a similar appearance while MRI showed a variable pattern. In two @entity0 ERC showed a stenotic image of intra-hepatic bile ducts. In the angiographic study, the arterial phase in three @entity0 showed a hypervascular @entity1 and in one @entity0 , a @entity1 . @entity5 was presented in one @entity0 . Similarly, portography in four @entity0 showed some abnormality. We performed ultrasonography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy in two @entity0 in order to diagnose @entity7 . Histological examinations of two @entity0 were consistent with @entity7 . The other three @entity0 underwent surgical treatment for a @entity3 or @entity6 . It is difficult to diagnose @entity7 of the liver exclusively with an image examination. Ultrasonography-guided percutaneous liver biopsy should be performed in order to diagnose @entity7 by histology.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate hemostatic variables in @entity0 according to different body mass index (BMI) values, and then correlate them with some metabolic parameters - fasting insulin and @entity3 , total @entity2 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL)- @entity2 , low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- @entity2 and @entity4 . Eighty-four female @entity0 aged 18-39 years were recruited, and agreed to participate in the study. The study group was divided into three subgroups according to BMI: low BMI (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2; n = 43), normal-weight (control) (BMI 18.5-24.99 kg/m2; n = 21) and overweight/ @entity1 (BMI > 25 kg/m2; n = 20). BMI was calculated, and the following measurements were taken: International Normalized Ratio, antithrombin III, @entity8 ) activity, @entity8 -antigen, plasma fibrinogen level, factor VII, Plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1 activity and antigen and metabolic parameters: fasting insulin and @entity3 , total @entity2 , HDL- @entity2 , LDL- @entity2 and @entity4 . The results were statistically analyzed. In the low BMI group, a negative correlation between fasting insulin and @entity6 activity, and a positive correlation between fasting @entity3 and @entity6 antigen were observed. Also, a strong negative correlation between @entity6 activity and insulin/ @entity3 index was found. Plasma insulin levels were significantly lower in the low-BMI @entity0 than in the overweight/ @entity1 group (p < 0.001) and with no difference compared to the control group. We did not find any difference in fasting @entity3 level between all groups. HDL- @entity2 showed the highest levels in the normal BMI group and was significantly higher than in the low BMI and @entity1 groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). @entity6 activity in the low BMI @entity0 revealed @entity7 in comparison to control and overweight/ @entity1 @entity0 (p < 0.001 and p < 0.05, respectively). Lower antigen levels were also shown as compared to both these groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Similar results were obtained with @entity8 antigen levels (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). There were no differences in activity of @entity8 in all groups. Obese @entity0 showed significantly higher fibrinogen levels than other BMI groups (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001 respectively). Analysis of hemostatic variables in @entity0 with a low BMI testify to the impaired fibrinolysis in this group, also showing a strong correlation with @entity5 metabolism.

title: Hemostatic variables, @entity5 metabolism and lipid profile in XXXX with low body mass index.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The survival for @entity0 with locally advanced, unresectable @entity3 receiving standard of care concomitant chemoradiation remains disappointingly low. A reduction in both local and distant recurrence is needed to improve @entity0 ' outcome. Performing molecular studies on serially collected @entity1 specimens may result in a better selection of therapeutic options. METHODS: We conducted a phase II single-institution trial of two cycles of induction chemotherapy with @entity2 and @entity5 followed by high-dose conformal radiation concomitant with weekly @entity4 and @entity5 in 39 @entity0 . The trial required a dedicated @entity1 biopsy before treatment initiation. In addition, @entity1 biopsies were requested, if safely feasible, before initiation of chemoradiation and 2 months after completion all therapy. RESULTS: Induction chemotherapy was well tolerated, and 38 @entity0 proceeded with chemoradiation. The mean delivered radiation dose was 70.2 Gy, 23 @entity0 received the full dose of 74 Gy, and 19 @entity0 completed all treatment on schedule without dose reductions or delays. Median overall and progression-free survivals were 22.7 and 14.3 months, respectively. A total of 82 procedures, including 46 transthoracic core needle biopsies, were performed. Thirteen @entity0 had all three serial @entity1 biopsies. Three of these procedures resulted in complications that required an intervention; all for the treatment of a biopsy-induced pneumothorax. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that induction @entity2 / @entity5 followed by concurrent @entity4 / @entity5 with conformal radiation to 74 Gy is safe and tolerable with promising efficacy. We demonstrated that dedicated and serial @entity1 collections are safe, feasible, and acceptable for @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Phase II trial of induction @entity2 and @entity5 followed by conformal thoracic radiation to 74 Gy with weekly XXXX and @entity5 in unresectable @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: The authors present the novel and successful use of an air-filled breast prosthesis for extra pelvic exclusion of small bowel to facilitate adjuvant radiotherapy following resection of recurrent @entity3 of the ascending bowel. The therapeutic use of radiotherapy in @entity4 can cause acute or @entity1 . Mobile small bowel can be sequestered in 'dead space' or by adhesions exposing it to adjuvant radiotherapy. A variety of pelvic partitioning methods have been described to exclude bowel from radiation fields using both native and prosthetic materials. METHOD: In this case a 68 year old presented with ascending @entity4 invading the peritoneum and underwent en bloc peritoneal resection. Thirty-seven months later surveillance CT identified a local recurrence. Subsequent resection resulted in a large iliacus @entity2 which would sequester small bowel loops thus exposing the @entity0 to radiation @entity5 . The lateral position of the defect precluded the use of traditional pelvic partitioning methods which would be unlikely to remain in place long enough to allow radiotherapy. A lightweight air-filled breast prosthesis (Allergan 133 FV 750 cms) secured in place with an omentoplasty was used to fill the defect. RESULTS: Following well tolerated radiotherapy the prosthesis was deflated under ultrasound guidance and removed via a 7-cm transverse incision above the right iliac crest. The @entity0 is disease free 18 months later with no evidence of treatment related morbidity. CONCLUSION: The use of a malleable air-filled prosthesis for pelvic partitioning allows specific tailoring of the prosthesis size and shape for individual @entity0 defects. It is also lightweight enough to be secured in place using an omentoplasty to prevent movement related prosthesis migration. In the absence of adequate omentum a mesh sling may be considered to allow fixation. In this case the anatomy of the prosthesis position allowed for its removal without the need for repeat laparotomy. Pre-operative deflation of the air-filled prosthesis under ultrasound guidance also reduces the size of the incision required for removal. This technique may be valuable to prevent collateral small bowel irradiation following resection of renal or retroperitoneal malignancy.

title: Novel use of an air-filled breast prosthesis to allow radiotherapy to recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Although @entity3 symptom severity and impairment are overlapping but nevertheless distinct illness parameters, little research has examined whether variables found to be associated with the severity are also correlated with symptom-induced impairment. Parents and teachers completed ratings of symptom-induced @entity2 , and parents completed a background questionnaire for a consecutively referred sample of primarily male (81  %) 6-to-12  year olds with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) (N   =   221). Some clinical correlates (e.g., IQ   <   70, maternal level of education, pregnancy complications, current use of psychotropic medication, season of birth) were associated with @entity2 , whereas others were correlated with only a few syndromes (e.g., gender, co-morbid medical conditions) or were not related to @entity2 (e.g., family psychopathology). There was little convergence in findings for parents' versus teachers' ratings. Some clinical correlates (e.g., season of birth, current psychotropic medication, maternal education) were unique predictors of three or more disorders. Pregnancy complications were uniquely associated with social @entity4 and @entity9 symptom-induced impairment. IQ was a unique predictor of @entity5 , @entity1 , @entity8 symptom-induced impairment. @entity0 whose mothers had relatively fewer years of education had greater odds for symptom-induced @entity2 , @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity6 and greater number of impairing conditions. Season of birth was the most robust correlate of symptom-induced impairment as rated by teachers but not by parents. @entity0 born in fall evidenced higher rates of co-occurring @entity3 and @entity1 symptom-induced @entity2 of impairing conditions. Many variables previously linked with symptom severity are also correlated with impairment.

title: Clinical Correlates of Co-occurring Psychiatric and XXXX ( @entity1 ) Symptom-Induced Impairment in @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Previous evidence has demonstrated a relationship between growth factors and @entity2 . This study was aimed at evaluating levels of some endothelium-derived growth factors, and their relationship with microalbuminuria (MAU), in essential @entity3 . Ninety-nine mild-moderate essential @entity3 (EH) and 25 healthy controls were studied. All @entity0 underwent 24-h blood pressure monitoring, serum @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), and 24-h MAU assays. Later, EH were divided into two subsets consisting of microalbuminurics (MAU >11 microg/min) and nonmicroalbuminurics (MAU <11 microg/min). In microalbuminuric EH, circulating @entity5 , @entity4 , and PDGF were significantly higher than in nonmicroalbuminurics (P < .0001, P < .0001, P < .005, respectively) or in controls. In the group of 99 EH, significant positive correlations of MAU with both @entity5 and @entity4 (r = 0.35, P < .001, and r = 0.34, P < .001, respectively) were found. @entity5 and @entity4 correlated significantly (r = 0.31, P < .002). Circulating @entity4 also correlated significantly with MAU in the microalbuminuric EH subset (r = 0.49, P < .01). Our results show that in microalbuminuric EH circulating levels of certain growth factors are increased. In @entity0 essential @entity3 these factors are linked with MAU, an early @entity1 marker.

title: Endothelium-derived factors in microalbuminuric and nonmicroalbuminuric essential XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Female birds may adjust their offspring phenotype to the specific requirements of the environment by differential allocation of physiologically active substances into yolks, such as @entity2 . Yolk @entity2 have been shown to accelerate embryonic development, growth rate and competitive ability of nestlings, but they can also entail immunological costs. The balance between costs and benefits of @entity0 allocation is expected to depend on nestling environment. We tested this hypothesis in a multibrooded passerine, the spotless starling, Sturnus unicolor. We experimentally manipulated yolk @entity0 levels using a between-brood design and evaluated its effects on nestling development, survival and immune function. Both in first and replacement broods, the embryonic development period was shorter for @entity0 -treated chicks than controls, but there were no differences in second broods. In replacement broods, @entity0 -treated chicks were heavier and larger than those hatched from control eggs, but this effect was not observed in the other breeding attempts. @entity0 exposure reduced survival with respect to controls only in second broods. Regarding immune function, we detected nonsignificant trends for @entity0 treatment to activate two important components of innate and adaptive immunity ( @entity1 and @entity3 levels, respectively). Similarly, @entity0 -treated chicks showed greater lymphocyte proliferation than controls in the first brood and an opposite trend in the second brood. Our results indicate that yolk @entity0 effects on nestling development and immunity depend on the environmental conditions of each breeding attempt. Variation in maternal @entity0 allocation to eggs could be explained as the result of context-dependent optimal strategies to maximize offspring fitness.

title: Context-dependent effects of yolk XXXX on nestling growth and immune function in a multibrooded passerine.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Routine use of positive end-expiratory pressure (based on the pressure at the lower inflection point on the static total respiratory compliance curve) along with a maneuver to recruit atelectatic lung has been advocated after cardiothoracic surgery. OBJECTIVES: To determine if the lower inflection point is related to outcomes in @entity0 after sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass. METHOD: A prospective observational study involving estimation of the lower inflection point on the inflation pressure-volume plot obtained with a low-flow technique. Duration of intubation, length of stay, @entity1 , and results of spirometry were compared between @entity0 with a "high " inflection point (> or =10 cm @entity2 ) and @entity0 with a "low" inflection point (< or =5 cm @entity2 ). RESULTS: Ninety-five @entity0 were enrolled. After exclusion for incomplete data, 65 @entity0 (49 @entity0 , 16 @entity0 ; mean age, 66.1 years; SD, 9.5 years) were included. The mean lower inflection point was 6.33 cm @entity2 (SD, 3.4 cm @entity2 ). A second lower inflection point was observed on 5 plots (mean, 21 cm @entity2 ; SD, 1.4 cm @entity2 ). Nine @entity0 had high inflection points (mean, 13.1 cm @entity2 ; SD, 3.0 cm @entity2 ), and 33 had low inflection points (mean, 3.9 cm @entity2 ; SD, 0.98 cm @entity2 ). No outcome measures differed between groups. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with short intubation times and predictable postoperative course, general use of a lung recruitment strategy involving sustained inflations and adjustment of positive end-expiratory pressure based on the lower inflection point is difficult to justify.

title: Comparison of the lower inflection point on the static total respiratory compliance curve with outcomes in postoperative cardiothoracic XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 -derived enzymes are widely used as dough additives in the baking industry. These enzymes may give rise to immunoglobulin (Ig)E-mediated sensitization and occupational @entity4 . Glucoamylase (or amyloglucosidase) is an important industrial enzyme obtained from @entity9 and used to provide fermentable @entity7 for @entity3 to improve loaf volume and texture. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate the potential allergenic role of glucoamylase in @entity8 . METHODS: We report four subjects with work-related @entity1 respiratory symptoms who were exposed to glucoamylase and other starch-cleaving enzymes used as baking additives. The causative role of glucoamylase in work-related @entity4 was investigated by immunologic tests and specific inhalation challenges (SIC). Glucoamylase allergenic components were characterized by @entity6 - @entity5 gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting. RESULTS: Skin prick tests to glucoamylase (10 mg/mL) gave a positive response in all @entity0 . Further, a positive skin prick test to alpha-amylase was obtained in the four @entity0 and to hemicellulase in two of them. SIC to glucoamylase elicited isolated early asthmatic responses in the three @entity0 tested, and SIC to alpha-amylase elicited early asthmatic responses in two @entity0 and a dual asthmatic response in another @entity0 . Immunoblotting with glucoamylase showed several IgE-binding bands with molecular masses between 33 and 96 kD. IgE-inhibition assays showed scarce to moderate allergenic cross-reactivity between glucoamylase and alpha-amylase. CONCLUSIONS: These bakers had developed IgE-mediated occupational @entity4 to glucoamylase and alpha-amylase. @entity2 is widely used as a baking additive and this enzyme may give rise to @entity1 respiratory reactions among exposed workers.

title: Glucoamylase: another fungal enzyme associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Facelift (rhytidectomy) is a prominent technique for facial rejuvenation with 126 713 performed in the United States in 2014. Current literature on facelift complications is inconclusive and derives from retrospective studies. OBJECTIVES: This study reports the incidence and risk factors of major complications following facelift in a large, prospective, multi-center database. It compares complications of facelifts done alone or in combination with other cosmetic surgical procedures. METHODS: A prospective cohort of @entity0 undergoing facelift between 2008 and 2013 was identified from the CosmetAssure database. Primary outcome was occurrence of major complications, defined as complications requiring emergency room (ER) visit, hospital admission, or reoperation within 30 days of the procedure. Univariate and multivariate analysis evaluated risk factors including age, gender, BMI, smoking, @entity1 , combined procedures, and type of surgical facility. RESULTS: Of the 129 007 @entity0 enrolled in CosmetAssure, 11 300 (8.8%) underwent facelifts. Facelift cohort had more males (8.8%), @entity1 (2.7%), elderly (mean age 59.2 years) and @entity2 (38.5%) induviduals, but fewer smokers (4.8%). Combined procedures accounted for 57.4% of facelifts. Facelifts had a 1.8% complication rate, similar to the rate of 2% associated to other cosmetic surgeries. @entity4 (1.1%) and @entity3 (0.3%) were most common. Combined procedures had up to 3.7% complication rate compared to 1.5% in facelifts alone. Male gender (relative risk 3.9) and type of facility (relative risk 2.6) were independent predictors of @entity4 . Combined procedures (relative risk 3.5) and BMI >=  25 (relative risk 2.8) increased @entity3 risk. CONCLUSIONS: Rhytidectomy is a very safe procedure in the hands of board-certified plastic surgeons. @entity4 and @entity3 are the most common major complications. Male gender, BMI >=  25, and combined procedures are independent risk factors. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 2: Risk.

title: Preoperative Risk Factors and Complication Rates in Facelift: Analysis of 11,300 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the sterilization effectiveness on uterine tube of @entity0 by the @entity2 adhesive. METHODS: Hysteroscopy tubal catheterization was performed randomly in 12 animals (24 uterine tubes) assigned to the sham group (GS) and 15 animals (30 uterine tubes) to the @entity3 (GB). The female @entity0 were observed during 30, 90 and 180 days and mated to fertile males. The no pregnant @entity0 were submitted to in vitro burst pressure test for patency by air insufflation (40 mmHg). The microscopic assessment was performed to parameters of damages in epithelium caused by the adhesive, the degree of inflammatory process, morphometry data values of tube diameter (UT) (cm), @entity4 ( @entity1 ) (mm). The mucosa cells densitometry (total optical density) was expressed by the amount of DNA. The significance of the differences in histological scores and in thickness measurements were made by ANOVA test (P value < 0.05). RESULTS: In all animals of GB: the adhesive was attached to the mucosa; there was no pregnancy; no records of significant degree on inflammatory process; the patency test was negative and densitometry of DNA showed similar values to the both groups independently of observation periods. The layers thickness of GB-UT(1.118 +/- 0.117), GB-MT(0.447+/-0.247) and GB- @entity1 (0.853+/-0.097) were larger than the GS-UT(0.666+/-0.409), GS-MT(0.211+/-0.070) and GS- @entity1 (0.442+/-0.143). CONCLUSION: This approach offers a safe and feasible method of uterine tube obstruction.

title: Hysteroscopy and @entity3 on experimental sterilization of XXXX uterine tubes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of emergency colectomies for the management of @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: This retrospective study was undertaken on 50 cases of @entity2 in the Surgical Department of the Aristide Le Dantec teaching hospital of Dakar from January 1994 to December 2000. It concerned 42 @entity0 and 8 @entity0 with an mean age of 42 years. All @entity0 presented an occlusive syndrome suggestive of @entity2 , which required a laparotomy, through a xypho-pubic incision. The @entity0 were divided into two groups. Group I concerned 13 @entity0 who underwent an ideal colectomy and group II, 37 @entity0 in whom we performed a colectomy associated with a temporary colostomy with either Bouilly-Volkman procedure (n = 23) or Hartman procedure (n = 14) followed one month later by intestinal continuity restoration. Mortality and morbidity were compared in the two groups. RESULTS: The overall mortality rate was 12% (6/50). The mortality rate was 31% (4/13) in group I and 5 % (2/37) in group II. The overall morbidity rate was 14%. In group I, the morbidity rate was 15 % (2/13) and 13,5% (5/37) in group II. CONCLUSION: In our study the mortality rate was higher after colectomy with primary @entity1 than after colectomy with temporary colostomy followed by secondary @entity1 . We recommend colectomy without @entity1 for the emergency management of the @entity2 in Africa.

title: [Results of emergengy colectomy in the management of the XXXX in Dakar hospital].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for symptomatic @entity6 . @entity2 , however, can prolong hospital stay and lead to increased morbidity. In the context of a multimodal approach to @entity4 , intraperitoneal local anesthetic administration optimizes @entity4 and facilitates early postoperative recovery, and it may be associated with a decreased risk of side effects. METHODS: A total of 71 @entity0 was randomized to receive either intraperitoneal analgesic ( @entity9 group) or not (controls). At the completion of cholecystectomy, 10 mL of @entity5 0.5% were infused intraperitoneally in the @entity9 group and 8 h postoperatively, whereas in the controls, 10 mL of 0.9% @entity3 were administered in the corresponding points of time. Differences in @entity1 scores between groups were the primary endpoints. Opioid consumption and adverse effects were the secondary endpoints. RESULTS: The 2 groups were homogenous in respect to age, sex, body mass index (BMI), and duration of operation. No conversion, complication, or mortality was recorded. The @entity9 group had a lesser visual analog scale score at rest and at movement compared with controls at all points of time measured. Moreover, @entity7 consumption in the recovery room was significantly greater in the control group, and the consumption of @entity8 and the percentage of the @entity0 that requested rescue @entity4 in the ward was significantly greater in the control group. Local analgesic intraperitoneal injection as well as @entity10 for postoperative @entity4 had no significant adverse effects. CONCLUSION: Our study showed that 2 separate doses of intraperitoneally administered @entity5 significantly decreased @entity2 and the need for opioids compared with placebo. This technique is simple, safe, and without adverse effects.

title: Repeated intraperitoneal instillation of @entity5 for the management of XXXX after laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

answer: @entity1