abstract: BACKGROUND: Research into the optimal treatment of @entity82 has been limited by the lack of an established classification system for the disease. The purposes of this study were to develop a radiographic classification for @entity82 of the proximal femur and to test this classification's intra- and interobserver reliability as well as the effectiveness of our treatments. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed radiographs and computed tomography (CT) of 227 femurs from 206 @entity1 with @entity82 . The radiographs were evaluated in the coronal plane for neck-shaft angle, @entity85 in the proximal femoral shaft, and distal juxtaarticular @entity85 . CT was evaluated in the axial plane for destruction of cortex. Reduction of bone strength was defined as the thickness of the remaining cortex less than 50  % of the original on axial CT. Two senior orthopedists evaluated each radiograph and CT twice at 8-week intervals. Intra- and interobserver reliability testing was performed using the kappa statistic. Treatments were assessed through mid-term follow-up. RESULTS: The 227 femurs were classified into five reproducible types: type 1 (33  %), normal bone strength without @entity85 (30  %), decreased bone strength without @entity85 ; type 3 (12  %), isolated @entity3192 with neck-shaft angle <120  ; type 4 (11  %), isolated @entity85 in the proximal femoral shaft; and type 5 (14  %), @entity3192 with @entity85 in the proximal femoral shaft. Intra- and interobserver kappa values were excellent, ranging from 0.85 to 0.88. Good clinical outcomes were achieved. CONCLUSIONS: This radiographic classification of @entity82 is reproducible and useful for describing and assessing this disease. The treatments based on this classification were effective.

title: Radiographic classification and treatment of XXXX of the proximal femur: 227 femurs with a mean follow-up of 6  years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['valgus deformity', 'angular deformity; type 2', 'angular deformity', 'varus deformity']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrous dysplasia']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrous dysplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nocturnal enuresis is the most common pediatric urologic problem in outpatient clinics. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of various monotherapies, and comparing the effects of @entity7062 , @entity2645 , and @entity11440 in @entity1 with enuresis, as well as the influence of socioeconomic and cultural factors of their families on the response and relapse rates. @entity1 AND METHODS: The study was a randomized clinical trial conducted on 92 @entity1 aged 5 - 14 years, referred to the pediatric clinic of Semnan University Hospital in Semnan, Iran. @entity1 with primary nocturnal enuresis were randomly allocated to three different treatment groups: @entity7062 (n = 30), @entity2645 (n = 31), and @entity11440 (n = 31) all for 6 weeks. The socioeconomic and demographic characteristics of all @entity1 were recorded. The number of wet nights per week was noted at the end of the 6-week-trial, and @entity1 were followed up to three months for relapse. RESULTS: @entity1 in the @entity11440 group showed a slightly higher response rate (71.0% success) and a lower relapse rate (31.8%), while in the @entity7062 group the response and relapse rates were 63.3% and 57.9%, respectively, and in the @entity2645 group 61.3% and 63.2%, respectively. However, the difference between the 3 groups in terms of response (P = 0.701) and relapse rates (P = 0.095) was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference between monotherapy with @entity7062 , @entity2645 or @entity11440 in @entity1 with enuresis. However, @entity11440 showed a higher response rate and a lower relapse rate compared to other medications. More clinical trials with a larger sample size are needed to clarify these uncertainties.

title: @entity7062 , @entity2645 , and XXXX in the Treatment of Primary Nocturnal Enuresis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity7062 :: ('MESH:D003894', 'Chemical') :: ['desmopressin']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

entities_list: @entity11440 :: ('MESH:C005419', 'Chemical') :: ['oxybutynin']

answer: @entity11440 :: (MESH:C005419,Chemical) :: ['Oxybutynin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a risk factor for the development of @entity571 ( @entity571 ) in hands and knees. Adipose tissue can secrete different adipokines with powerful immunomodulatory effects. The infrapatellar fat pad (IFP) is an intra-articular organ in the vicinity of the synovium and cartilage. It is hypothesised that IFP-derived soluble factors could contribute to pathological processes in the knee joint. A study was therefore undertaken to compare the release of inflammatory mediators in the IFP and @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) and to characterise the adipocytes and immune cell infiltrate in these tissues. METHODS: Paired IFP and @entity1386 samples were obtained from 27 @entity1 with primary @entity571 . The @entity455 ( @entity455 ) was isolated and characterised by fluorescence activated cell sorting. Cytokine and adipokine release in fat- and adipocyte-conditioned media was measured by luminex. RESULTS: IFP secreted higher levels of inflammatory mediators such as @entity650 ( @entity650 ), @entity16739 , @entity1254 and visfatin than @entity1386 . This could be due to differences in the phenotype of adipocytes and/or in the composition and phenotype of the @entity455 cells. IFP adipocyte-conditioned media showed a trend towards more @entity650 and @entity16739 than @entity1386 . Moreover, the @entity455 fraction of IFP contained more cells/g tissue, a lower percentage of T cells and a higher percentage of mast cells than @entity1386 . In addition, T cells had a predominantly pro-inflammatory phenotype while macrophages had a mixed pro- and anti-inflammatory phenotype in the IFP. CONCLUSION: There are profound differences in secreted inflammatory factors and immune cell composition between the IFP and @entity1386 . These data indicate that IFP-derived soluble mediators could contribute to pathophysiological processes in the @entity626 joint.

title: The infrapatellar fat pad of @entity1 with XXXX has an inflammatory phenotype.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['stromal vascular cell fraction', 'SVF']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous adipose tissue', 'ScAT']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Three BRI protein family members have been identified. Among these are @entity9761 and @entity13017 , the latter is associated with Familial Danish and Familial British @entity303 . 'In silico' sequence analysis identified putative @entity13977 binding sites in @entity13017 and @entity9761 . This is singularly important, given that protein phosphorylation is a major mechanism regulating intracellular processes. @entity13977 ( @entity13977 ) interacting proteins (PIPs) are fundamental in determining substrate specificity and subcellular localization of this phosphatase. More than 200 PIPs have thus far been reported. Both @entity13017 and @entity9761 are type II transmembrane glycoproteins relevant in neuronal systems. Using Myc- @entity13017 and Myc- @entity9761 , wild type and @entity13977 binding mutant constructs, it was possible to show, for the first time, that in fact @entity13017 and @entity9761 bind @entity13977 . The complexes @entity13017 : @entity13977 and @entity9761 : @entity13977 were validated in vitro and in vivo. The subcellular distribution of @entity13017 and @entity9761 is similar; both localize to the perinuclear area and Golgi apparatus in non-neuronal cells. However, in SH-SY5Y cells, @entity13017 and @entity9761 could also be detected in elongated cellular projections ('processes') and in @entity35 cortical neurons both are broadly distributed throughout the cell body, @entity5013 and the nucleus. Consistently, co-localization of @entity13017 and @entity9761 with @entity13977 was evident. The functional significance of these complexes is apparent given that both BRI proteins are substrates of @entity13977 , thus simultaneously this is the first report of @entity13017 and @entity9761 as phosphoproteins. Moreover, we show that when @entity13017 is phosphorylated a significant increase in neuronal outgrowth and differentiation is evident. Interestingly, the Alzheimer's amyloid precursor protein (APP), forms a trimeric complex composed of @entity13977 and Fe65, with @entity13977 having the capacity to dephosphorylate APP at Thr668 residue. The emerging consensus appears to be that @entity13977 containing complexes are crucial in regulating signaling events underlying neuropathological conditions.

title: XXXX and @entity9761 are functionally distinct phosphoproteins.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementias']

entities_list: @entity13977 :: ('5464', 'Gene') :: ['PP1', 'Protein phosphatase 1']

answer: @entity13017 :: (9445,Gene) :: ['BRI2']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2033 ( @entity2033 ) is an @entity14827 . The genetic cause is an expansion of CAG repeats located in the @entity2034 gene. Though the number of CAG repeats ((CAG)n) can largely explain the @entity22072 ( @entity22072 ), a percentage of its variation could be attributed to modifier genes and to environmental factors. The study aimed to evaluate the influence of genetic modifiers of the @entity22072 of @entity2033 including: (CAG)n and del2642 in the @entity2034 gene, @entity28569 @entity28571 , @entity31482 @entity72998 , @entity6217 @entity33975 and @entity5855 @entity72999 . Eighteen @entity1 with positive family history and @entity2033 suggestive symptoms were recruited. The (CAG)n and gene polymorphisms were determined by different molecular biology techniques. We observed that the (CAG)n influenced in a 64.5% of the variability in the @entity22072 . We also showed that the @entity28571 variant significantly affected this variability. However, the influence of @entity5855 , del2642, @entity31482 and @entity6217 gene polymorphisms could not be replicated, perhaps due to small sample size. Genetic studies including the molecular determination of (CAG)n in addition to other genetic modifiers involved in the variability of the @entity22072 were first performed in Uruguay. We could replicate in our cohort the anticipation effect on the @entity22072 by the @entity28569 @entity28571 . Our results confirm the usefulness of an expanded molecular characterization in @entity2033 @entity1 .

title: Molecular characterization of genes modifying the age at onset in @entity2033 in Uruguayan XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2033 :: ('MESH:D006816', 'Disease') :: ["Huntington's Disease", 'HD']

entities_list: @entity22072 :: ('MESH:C564653', 'Disease') :: ['age at onset of symptoms', 'AAO']

entities_list: @entity14827 :: ('MESH:D020271', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary neurodegenerative disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 diagnosed with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) are presented with several treatment options of similar efficacy but varying side effects. Understanding how and why @entity1 make their treatment decisions, as well as the effect of treatment choice on long-term outcomes, is critical to ensuring effective, @entity1 -centered care. This study examined treatment decision-making in a racially diverse, equal-access, contemporary cohort of @entity1 with @entity263 counseled on treatment options at a multidisciplinary clinic. METHODS: A prospective cohort study was initiated at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center (formerly Walter Reed Army Medical Center) in 2006. Newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity263 were enrolled before attending a multidisciplinary clinic. @entity1 completed surveys preclinic and postclinic to assess treatment preferences, reasons for treatment choice, and decisional regret. RESULTS: As of January 2014, 925 @entity1 with @entity263 enrolled in this study. Surgery (54%), external radiation (20%), and active surveillance (12%) were the most common primary treatments for @entity1 with low- and intermediate-risk @entity263 , whereas @entity1 with high-risk @entity263 chose surgery (34%) or external radiation with neoadjuvant hormones (57%). Treatment choice differed by age at diagnosis, race, comorbidity status, and calendar year in both univariable and multivariable analyses. @entity1 preferred to play an active role in the decision-making process and cited doctors at the clinic as the most helpful source of treatment-related information. Almost all @entity1 reported satisfaction with their decision. CONCLUSIONS: This is one of the first prospective cohort studies to examine treatment decision-making in an equal-access, multidisciplinary clinic setting. Studies of this cohort would aid in understanding and improving the @entity263 decision-making process.

title: A prospective cohort study of treatment decision-making for XXXX following participation in a multidisciplinary clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'PCa']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To determine the percentage of complete responders and the resectability rate for @entity1 with locally advanced @entity188 treated by @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) infusional chemotherapy and pelvic radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between October 1992 and June 1996, 29 @entity1 with a diagnosis of locally advanced unresectable @entity5 received preoperative 5 FU by continuous intravenous infusion at a dose of 225 mg/m2/day concurrent with pelvic radiation (median 54 Gy/28 fractions). All @entity1 were clinical stage T4 on the bases of organ invasion or @entity5 fixation. Median time for surgical resection was 6 weeks. RESULTS: Median follow-up for the group was 28 months (range 5-57 months). Six @entity1 were felt to be persistently unresectable or developed distant @entity3 and did not undergo surgical resection. Of the 29 @entity1 , 23 proceeded to surgery, 18 were resectable for cure, 13 by abdominoperineal resection, 3 by anterior resection and 2 by local excision. Of the 29 @entity1 , 4 (13%) had a complete response, and 90% were clinically downstaged. Of the 18 resected @entity1 , 1 has died of his disease, 17 are alive, and 15 disease-free. The regimen was well tolerated; there was only one treatment-related complication, a wound dehiscence. CONCLUSION: The combination of 5 FU infusion and pelvic radiation in the management of locally advanced @entity5 is well tolerated and provides a baseline for comparison purposes with future combinations of newer systemic agents and radiation.

title: Preoperative radiation with concurrent XXXX continuous infusion for locally advanced unresectable @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity188 :: ('MESH:D012004', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the rectum']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: Bacterial specificity in @entity1 periodontal diseases suggests the possibility of diagnosing and treating @entity2521 as @entity281 and using microbiological diagnostic means to evaluate the efficacy of periodontal therapy. In a series of clinical trials, the usefulness of topical antimicrobial agents in combination with surgical and non-surgical conventional periodontal therapy were tested. The healing result was estimated by monitoring probing attachment levels (PAL). The usefulness of clinical and microbiological parameters to evaluate post-treatment healing result was tested. 9 of the @entity1 exhibiting sites with recurrent @entity2520 were then evaluated for clinical and microbiological parameters to define accurate means to differentiate between active and @entity2520 . The results showed that the frequency of periodontal lesions with significant @entity6730 after treatment was less in @entity1 treated with antimicrobial agent. Specific microbiological parameters showed stronger correlation than clinical parameters with gain and/or @entity6730 post-treatment. Thus @entity3841 and @entity2523 occurred in periodontal lesions with progressing disease after treatment, but were rarely detected in samples from pockets of the same depths which did not exhibit further @entity6730 over a study period of 1 year. This study points to the usefulness of topical antimicrobial agent as an adjunct to mechanical subgingival debridement in the treatment of @entity2521 in adults. The results also indicate the utility of diagnostic microbiology in the assessment of @entity2520 activity post-treatment.

title: Topical antimicrobial therapy and diagnosis of subgingival bacteria in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['loss of PAL']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease', 'inactive periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['specific infections']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Bacteroides gingivalis']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['inflammatory periodontal disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unfractionated heparin (UFH) is widely used to treat @entity1031 , but monitoring in @entity1 is challenging. Both activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and anti- @entity6236 activity (anti-Xa) are utilized, but a comparison of dosing nomograms has not been reported in pediatrics. OBJECTIVE: To compare the performance of aPTT and anti-Xa for UFH monitoring in pediatric @entity1 . DESIGN/METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in @entity1  <=  21  years old treated with UFH at Johns Hopkins Hospital from January 2009 to May 2011. For monitoring, an aPTT nomogram was used for the initial 15  months, and an anti-Xa nomogram was used for the subsequent 12  months. Clinical characteristics, laboratory data and outcomes were analyzed. RESULTS: Thirty-four @entity1 were monitored with aPTT and 26 patients with anti-Xa. There was no significant difference in median time to therapeutic range (11.6  h aPTT, 95%CI  =  6.0-17.0; 9.9  h anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  7.3-20.7) or per cent of @entity1 achieving therapeutic measurements at 24 (79% aPTT, 95%CI  =  62-91; 73% anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  52-88) and 48  h (88% aPTT, 95%CI  =  73-97; 96% anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  80-100). However, anti-Xa measurements were more frequently therapeutic than aPTT (74% [95%CI  =  69-78] vs. 54% [95%CI  =  50-59]). Variance between anti-Xa and aPTT measurements was high (R(2)   =  0.236). No significant difference was seen in bleeding incidence (9% aPTT, 95%CI  =  2-24; 15% anti-Xa, 95%CI  =  4-35). CONCLUSION: The time to achieve therapeutic measures and bleeding outcomes were not significantly different between anti-Xa and aPTT nomograms. However, a small study size limits the power to detect clinically relevant differences. The results warrant larger prospective studies of UFH monitoring in @entity1 with @entity1031 .

title: Retrospective cohort study comparing activated partial thromboplastin time versus anti- XXXX activity nomograms for therapeutic unfractionated heparin monitoring in pediatrics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'children']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolic disease']

answer: @entity6236 :: (2159,Gene) :: ['factor Xa']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Decompressive craniectomy (DC) requires later cranioplasty (CP) in survivors. However, if additional ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) placement due to shunt-dependent @entity1276 is necessary, the optimal timing of both procedures still remains controversial. We therefore analyzed our computerized database concerning the optimal timing of CP and @entity260 . METHODS: From 2009-2014, 41 cranioplasty procedures with simultaneous or staged VPS placement were performed at the authors' institution. @entity1 were stratified into two groups according to the time from CP to VPS ("simultaneous" and "staged"). @entity1 characteristics, timing of CP and VPS, as well as procedure-related complications, were assessed and analyzed. RESULTS: Overall CP and VPS were performed simultaneously in 41% and in staged fashion in 59% of the @entity1 . The overall complication rate was 27%. @entity1 who underwent simultaneous CP and VPS suffered significantly more often from complications compared with @entity1 who underwent staged CP and VPS procedures (47% vs. 12%; P = 0.03). @entity1 with simultaneous CP and VPS had a significantly higher rate of infectious postoperative complications compared with @entity1 with staged procedures (P = 0.003). On multivariate analysis, simultaneous CP and VPS procedure was the only significant predictor of postoperative complication after CP and VPS (P = 0.03). CONCLUSION: We provide detailed data on surgical timing and complications for cranioplasty and ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement after DC. The present data suggest that @entity1 who undergo staged CP and VPS procedures might benefit from a lower complication rate. This might influence future surgical decision making regarding optimal timing of CP and VPS placement.

title: Cranioplasty and Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Placement after Decompressive Craniectomy: Staged Surgery Is Associated with Fewer XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['VPS regarding postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['Postoperative Complications']


abstract: Classical @entity978 ( @entity978 ) is characterized by rare neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (H-RS) cells within abundant reactive cellular backgrounds. In most cases, H-RS cells originate from the B-cell lineage, but their immunophenotypes are unusual. Here we newly found frequent expression of chemokine receptors @entity24101 and @entity23055 and their respective ligands @entity6332 and @entity17469 in @entity978 -derived cell lines. @entity23055 is known to be selectively expressed by plasma cells, whereas @entity17469 attracts eosinophils via @entity23427 and plasma cells via @entity23055 and @entity23427 . Therefore, we examined their expression in @entity978 tissues by immunohistochemistry. We found that H-RS cells in 15 of 19 cases were positive for @entity17469 . Among them, seven cases were also positive for @entity23055 , suggesting a potential autocrine effect. In situ hybridization confirmed the expression of @entity17469 mRNA in H-RS cells. The @entity17469 positivity in H-RS cells did not significantly correlate with that of @entity25062 , @entity14420 , @entity14421 , or @entity14700 . However, it significantly correlated with the background accumulation of eosinophils, plasma cells, and @entity23055 + cells. Thus, the production of @entity17469 by H-RS cells may play a major role in tissue accumulation of eosinophils and/or plasma cells in classical @entity978 . The frequent expression of @entity23055 in H-RS cells themselves also supports their close relationship to plasma cells.

title: Expression of @entity17469 by Reed-Sternberg cells defines a major subtype of classical XXXX with frequent infiltration of eosinophils and/or plasma cells.

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A prospective study was performed to determine the usefulness of triple-contrast helical CT in predicting peritoneal violation and the need for laparotomy in the treatment of penetrating torso @entity130 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Triple-contrast helical CT scans were obtained in 104 hemodynamically stable @entity1 with penetrating injuries to the torso (thoracoabdominal region including tangential wounds to the anterior abdomen, flank, back, and pelvis) over a 17-month period. The study group included 54 @entity1 with gunshot wounds and 50 with stab wounds. No @entity1 had a radiographic or clinical indication for immediate laparotomy. A positive finding on CT was defined as evidence of peritoneal violation or @entity1049 , major vessel, or urinary tract. @entity1 with a positive CT, except @entity1 with isolated @entity99 or free fluid, underwent laparotomy. @entity1 with a negative finding on CT were initially observed. RESULTS: CT studies were positive in 35 (34%) of 104 @entity1 and negative in 69 (66%) of 104 of @entity1 . Laparotomy was performed in 21 (60%) of 35 @entity1 with positive CT; 19 (86%) of 22 were therapeutic, two (9%) were nontherapeutic, and one (5%) was negative (no injury was found). Nine @entity1 with isolated @entity99 were successfully treated without laparotomy. Among @entity1 with a negative CT, 67 (97%) of 69 were treated nonoperatively with success. CT had 100% (19/19) sensitivity, 96% (69/72) specificity, 100% (69/69) negative predictive value, and 97% (101/104) accuracy in predicting the need for laparotomy. CONCLUSION: Triple-contrast helical CT can accurately predict the need for laparotomy and exclude peritoneal violation in penetrating torso @entity130 including tangential abdominal wounds.

title: Triple-contrast helical CT in penetrating torso XXXX : a prospective study to determine peritoneal violation and the need for laparotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the retroperitoneal colon']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic injuries', 'liver injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 15 % to 25  % of @entity1 , the @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) are known to be involved especially with @entity5 lying below the peritoneal reflection. While @entity348 ( @entity348 ) ensures removal of locoregional lymph nodes, it does not address the @entity1600 . @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) is being performed in selected scenarios for persistent @entity1600 after administration of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACTRT). Through our study, we share our initial experience with @entity1600 in @entity1 with persistent pelvic nodes after NACTRT in advanced @entity5 . METHODS: From October 2013 to November 2014, eight @entity1 underwent @entity348 with @entity1600 after NACTRT. @entity1600 was performed when pelvic node @entity3 was suspected on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and persisted following preoperative NACTRT. Clinicopathological and perioperative details were recorded for these eight @entity1 . RESULTS: Out of the 144 @entity1 operated with curative intent for rectal @entity16365 , eight (5  %) @entity1 had persistent lateral pelvic nodes following NACTRT. These @entity1 underwent a @entity348 with @entity1600 . The median operative time was 240  min, and the median @entity190 was 800  mL. Two out of eight @entity1 showed @entity66 in the lateral pelvic nodes (i.e. 25  %). Of these two @entity1 , one also had @entity66 in the mesorectal nodes, post NACTRT. The median length of hospital stay was 6  days. No genitourinary complications were reported. The median follow up for these eight @entity1 was 13  months (6-16  months). The 1  year disease free survival was 100  % with all @entity1 surviving till date. CONCLUSION: @entity1600 can be performed with acceptable perioperative outcomes in carefully selected @entity1 .

title: Preliminary experience with lateral pelvic lymph node dissection in locally advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal tumors', 'rectal cancers']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LPND', 'Lateral pelvic lymph node dissection', 'LPN', 'lateral pelvic lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TME', 'total mesorectal excision']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Sleep dysfunction is extremely common in @entity1 with @entity161 . Recent research indicates that @entity22 may contribute to @entity716 experiences such as delusions and @entity1833 . OBJECTIVES: The review aims to evaluate the evidence for a relationship between @entity22 and individual @entity716 experiences, make links between the theoretical understanding of each, and highlight areas for future research. METHOD: A systematic search was conducted to identify studies investigating sleep and @entity716 experiences across clinical and non-clinical populations. RESULTS: 66 papers were identified. This literature robustly supports the co-occurrence of @entity22 and @entity716 experiences, particularly @entity22 with @entity10963 . Sleep dysfunction predicting subsequent @entity716 experiences receives support from epidemiological surveys, research on the transition to @entity716 , and relapse studies. There is also evidence that reducing sleep elicits @entity716 experiences in non-clinical individuals, and that improving sleep in individuals with @entity716 may lessen @entity716 experiences. @entity148 and @entity308 consistently arise as (partial) mediators of the sleep and @entity716 relationship. CONCLUSION: Studies are needed that: determine the types of @entity22 linked to individual @entity716 experiences; establish a causal connection between sleep and @entity716 experiences; and assess treatments for @entity22 in @entity1 with non-affective @entity914 such as @entity161 .

title: The role of @entity22 in the occurrence of delusions and XXXX : A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic disorders']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis', 'psychotic']

entities_list: @entity22 :: ('MESH:D007319', 'Disease') :: ['insomnia', 'sleep dysfunction']

answer: @entity1833 :: (MESH:D006212,Disease) :: ['hallucinations']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity4259 is essential for biological systems at low concentrations and toxic at higher levels. Heavy metals and metalloids such as @entity4259 are major contaminants in 40% of hazardous waste sites. Thus, bioremediation has been considered as an effective means of cleaning up of @entity4259 -contaminated sites. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 30 strains were isolated from wastewater samples collected from @entity4259 -contaminated sites in Qom, Iran using the enrichment culture technique. One bacterial strain designated QW4, identified as Proteus hauseri by morphological, biochemical and 16S rRNA gene sequencing was studied for its ability to tolerate different concentrations of @entity71700 (100-800 mM). Also, the disk diffusion method was performed to determine resistance to some antibiotics. RESULTS: Strain QW4 showed maximum minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to @entity71700 (760 mM). The maximum @entity71700 removal was exhibited at 35   C, while the removal activity reduced by 30.7% and 37% at 25   C and 40   C, respectively. The optimum pH and shaking incubator for removal activity was shown to be 7.0 and 150 rpm, with 60.2% and 60.3%, respectively. This bacterial strain was resistant to some antibiotics. CONCLUSION: The concentration of toxic @entity71700 (1000  g/ml) in the supernatant of the bacterial culture medium decreased by 100% after 2 days and the color of the medium changed to red due to the formation of less toxic elemental @entity4259 . Also, our results imply that heavy metal pollution may contribute to increased antibiotic resistance through indirect selection.

title: High potential application in bioremediation of XXXX by Proteus hauseri strain QW4.

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium', 'Selenium']

entities_list: @entity71700 :: ('MESH:D064586', 'Chemical') :: ['selenate', 'sodium selenate']

answer: @entity71700 :: (MESH:D064586,Chemical) :: ['selenate']


abstract: An apparently new syndrome of @entity231 , @entity1274 , @entity70801 , @entity851 , and @entity1032 was described by Gripp et al. 1996. The authors reported on two unrelated @entity1 with @entity231 , @entity1274 , distinctive facial appearance, @entity1032 , postnatal @entity851 , and skeletal changes. We report on two additional @entity1 with findings most similar to the reported @entity1 by Gripp et al. 1996, including bilateral @entity231 , @entity393 , @entity2122 , @entity851 , @entity853 , and @entity245 . Both of the @entity1 reported herein had chromosome microarray analysis, which showed normal results in @entity1 2 but abnormal results in @entity1 1 and his mother who both had a chromosome 11q25 subtelomere deletion. @entity1 1 and his mother's findings are atypical for the common findings reported in @entity19634 (11q terminal deletion syndrome), and consistent with the @entity1 reported by Gripp et al. 1996. The etiology for these cases has been unknown. The microarray results on @entity1 1 suggest that the other @entity1 with findings of @entity245 , @entity851 , @entity231 , @entity1274 , and similar craniofacial features may have either a microdeletion of chromosome 11q terminal region or haploinsufficiency of a gene localized to this region.

title: Syndrome of XXXX , @entity1274 , @entity70801 , @entity851 , and @entity1032 : two additional cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity2122 :: ('MESH:D019465', 'Disease') :: ['craniofacial abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['short stature']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['congenital cataracts']

entities_list: @entity853 :: ('MESH:D009139', 'Disease') :: ['skeletal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity70801 :: ('MESH:C563390', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome-like facial appearance']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss', 'sensorineural deafness']

entities_list: @entity19634 :: ('MESH:D054868', 'Disease') :: ['Jacobsen syndrome']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['congenital cataracts']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, diminished @entity379 ( @entity379 ) and increased interleukin ( @entity3646 production in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from @entity1097 @entity1 have been described by several groups, measured as total cytokine content in culture supernatants. These studies suggested a predominance of TH2-like cells producing large amounts of @entity3646 in @entity1097 @entity1 . It is not clear whether the reported cytokine imbalances are the result of an alteration in the distribution of specific T-cell subsets or whether @entity4329 in cytokine production is a characteristic of @entity1097 individuals. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the production of @entity379 , and @entity1199 in PBMCs from @entity1097 @entity1 at the single cell level with the use of freshly isolated lymphocytes. METHODS: We recently described a flow cytometric assay in which three-color analysis was used to study the production of a cytokine of interest in a T-cell subpopulation defined by two cell surface markers. PBMCs from 23 @entity1097 @entity1 and 14 control subjects were stimulated with @entity4621 and @entity1360 for 5 hours. PBMCs from seven @entity1 and seven control subjects were also cultured with immobilized anti-CD3 antibodies for 24 hours. Cells were fixed, made permeable, and stained for intracellular cytokines in combination with cell surface markers CD3, @entity405 , and CD45RO. Cytokine-producing cells were analyzed by gating on T-cell subsets. RESULTS: @entity379 -producing cells were significantly decreased (p < 0.05) in CD4+ T cells but not in @entity405 + T cells of @entity1097 @entity1 . CD45R0+ and CD45R0-T cells showed a decreased proportion of @entity379 -producing cells (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). @entity1199 production was diminished in all T-cell subsets (p < 0.01). The number of @entity3646 -producing cells was not elevated, and such cells were exclusively found in the CD45RO+ T cells. Analysis of culture supernatants of sorted CD45RO+ T cells for @entity3646 and @entity379 production confirmed these results. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide evidence that a reduced @entity379 production in @entity1097 @entity1 is due to an intrinsic defect selectively found in the CD4+ T cells. Because @entity1199 production was markedly decreased but @entity3646 production was unchanged, our data demonstrate a deficiency in the ability of @entity1619 cells to produce @entity1198 -like cytokines on stimulation with @entity4621 , @entity1360 , or anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies.

title: Decreased frequency of @entity379 - and XXXX -producing cells in @entity1 with atopic diseases measured at the single cell level.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4329 :: ('MESH:C563242', 'Disease') :: ['intrinsic dysregulation']

entities_list: @entity4621 :: ('CHEBI:37532', 'Chemical') :: ['phorbol ester']

entities_list: @entity1360 :: ('MESH:D015759', 'Chemical') :: ['ionomycin']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'interferon-gamma']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects of socioeconomic factors on the association between parity and long-term maternal mortality. METHODS: This was a population-based cohort study of mothers with births registered in the Medical Birth Registry of Norway during the period 1967-2009. We estimated age-specific (40-69 years) cardiovascular and noncardiovascular mortality ratios by number of births using Cox proportional hazard models. To assess effect modification by mothers' attained education, we stratified on low (less than 11 years) and high (11 years or greater) educational level. We further evaluated fathers' mortality by number of births using the same analytical approach. RESULTS: Mothers with low education had higher mortality (cardiovascular: hazard ratio 2.62, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.34-2.93, noncardiovascular: hazard ratio 1.67, 95% CI 1.62-1.73). Among mothers with low education, @entity65 increased linearly with each additional birth above one (P trend=.02). In contrast, among mothers with high education, @entity65 declined with added births (P trend=.045). For noncardiovascular mortality there was no association among mothers with low education, whereas mortality declined with increasing number of births among mothers with high education (P trend<.01). Father's mortality showed similar associations with number of births when stratified on maternal education. CONCLUSION: @entity1 's long-term mortality rose with number of births only for cardiovascular causes of @entity204 and only among mothers with low education. Partners of @entity1 with low education had similar increasing risk with increasing number of births. Maternal educational level is a strong modifier of the association between parity and long-term mortality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.

title: Association of XXXX 's Reproductive History With Long-term Mortality and Effect of Socioeconomic Factors.

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular mortality']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laser lithotripsy of @entity3226 in tetraplegic subjects with long-term urinary catheters is fraught with complications because of @entity1494 , @entity281 , fragile urothelium, @entity1494 , and @entity12805 . Severe haematuria should be anticipated; failure to institute measures to minimise @entity548 and prevent clot retention can be catastrophic. We present an illustrative case. CASE PRESENTATION: A tetraplegic @entity1 underwent laser lithotripsy of vesical stone under general anaesthesia. During lithotripsy, severe @entity1494 and consequent rise in blood pressure occurred. Bleeding continued post-operatively resulting in clot retention. CT revealed clots within distended but intact bladder. Clots were sucked out and continuous @entity1494 was commenced. Bleeding persisted; @entity1 developed repeated clot retention. Cystoscopy was performed to remove clots. @entity1 developed @entity1661 . @entity1494 was suspected; bed-side ultrasound scan revealed @entity384 with mild peritoneal effusion; under-filled bladder containing small clot. @entity1 developed @entity1661 and ileus. Two days later, CT with oral positive contrast revealed intra-peritoneal haematoma at the dome of bladder with perforation at the site of haematoma. Free fluid was noted within the peritoneal cavity. This @entity1 was managed by gastric drainage and intravenous fluids. @entity1 's condition improved gradually with urethral catheter drainage. Follow-up CT revealed resolution of @entity1494 , perivesical haematoma, and intra-peritoneal free fluid. CONCLUSION: If @entity548 occurs, @entity1494 should be commenced immediately after surgery to prevent clot retention. When @entity1494 is suspected, CT of abdomen should be done instead of ultrasound scan, which may not reveal @entity1494 . It is debatable whether laparotomy and repair of @entity1494 is preferable to nonoperative management in tetraplegics. Anti-muscarinic drugs should be prescribed prior to lithotripsy to control @entity1494 ; @entity117 and @entity5018 should be omitted. If significant @entity548 occurs during lithotripsy, procedure should be stopped and rescheduled. Percutaneous cystolithotripsy using a wide channel could be quicker to clear stones, as larger fragments could be retrieved; lesser stimulant for triggering @entity12805 , as it avoids urethral manipulation. But in @entity1 with small, @entity1494 , and protuberant abdomen, percutaneous access to urinary bladder may be difficult and can result in @entity130 .

title: Complications and salvage options after laser lithotripsy for a @entity3226 in a tetraplegic XXXX : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity3226 :: ('MESH:D001744', 'Disease') :: ['vesical calculi']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder perforation', 'Bladder rupture', 'bladder spasms', 'bladder wall oedema', 'contracted bladder', 'bladder rupture', 'bladder irrigation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse small bowel dilatation']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distension', 'massive abdominal distension']

entities_list: @entity5018 :: ('MESH:D007052', 'Chemical') :: ['ibuprofen']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity12805 :: ('MESH:D020211', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysreflexia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury to bowels']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoluminal repair of thoracic aortic pathology has become established in clinical practice, but is associated with significant @entity16 . The aim of this study was to identify factors that were predictive of @entity64 and @entity451 . METHODS: Prospective data was collected for a cohort of 293 consecutive @entity1 having thoracic aortic endovascular repair between August 1997 and September 2009. @entity1 and procedural characteristics were related to the incidence of @entity64 and @entity451 using multivariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: The median age was 68 years (18-87), there were 191 @entity1 and 102 @entity1 . Mortality was 5.1% for 195 elective and 13.4% for 98 urgent @entity1 . @entity64 affected 16 (5.5%) @entity1 : 11 affected the anterior and 5 the posterior circulation. Coverage of the left subclavian artery with no revascularisation was the only significant factor predictive of @entity64 (OR 5.34 (1.42-20.40) P = 0.01). @entity451 affected 16 @entity1 (5.5%) but no independent risk factor was identified: 12 were identified perioperatively and 4 were delayed by up to 6 months. CONCLUSION: Covering the left subclavian artery without revascularisation increases the risk of @entity64 following endoluminal repair of thoracic pathology. @entity451 appears to be more complex and no independent precipitating factor was identified.

title: Predictors of XXXX and @entity451 in thoracic aortic endovascular intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['Paraplegia', 'paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the efficiency, feasibility, and surgical outcomes of microlaparoscopy-assisted pull-through (MAPT) for @entity1963 . METHODS: Starting in 2005, pull-through procedures for @entity1963 were performed exclusively using 2-mm instruments and miniscopes (microlaparoscopy). Three miniports were inserted laterally in the right abdominal wall in one line, with the miniscope at the level of the umbilicus and the working trocars cranially/caudally of the scope. The left colon was dissected, and transanal pull-through was performed. RESULTS: MAPT was performed in 16 @entity1 (10 @entity1 and 6 @entity1 ; average age: 5.7 months). Six @entity1 had previous abdominal surgeries. A 1.9-mm cystoscope or a 2.4-mm arthroscope was used in the first 5 cases. In the remainder, a recently developed 2.4-mm miniscope was used for visualization. The length of the resected colon segment was up to the left colonic flexur in 5 @entity1 , up to the middle of the descending colon in 4 cases and up to the sigmoid-descending segment in 7 @entity1 . The average operation time was 185 minutes (range: 120-330 minutes). The only intraoperative complication that occurred was an injury of the right iliac vein by inadvertent slippage of an electrocautery hook requiring laparotomy. At follow-up, 80% of the parents were unable to identify the scars after microlaparoscopy. CONCLUSION: MAPT is a safe and practical procedure regardless of age or previous surgery.

title: A microlaparoscopically assisted pull-through procedure for XXXX : initial experiences.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ["Hirschsprung's disease"]

answer: @entity1963 :: (MESH:D006627,Disease) :: ['Hirschsprung's disease']


abstract: The study enrolled 53 @entity1 (29 males, 24 females) with @entity1576 aged 15-88 years. Most of them were 59 years of age and younger. In 1/3 of the @entity1 the diseases started with symptoms of @entity1729 , in 2/3 of them--with pulmonary affection. @entity55 was diagnosed in 50 @entity1 (94.3%), acute @entity3617 --in 3 @entity1 . ECG changes were registered in about half of the examinees who had no cardiac complaints. 25 of them had alterations in the end part of the ventricular ECG complex; rhythm and conduction disturbances occurred rarely. Mycoplasmosis @entity1 suffering from @entity741 ( @entity741 ) had stable ECG changes while in those free of @entity741 the changes were short. @entity296 foci were absent. @entity299 comparison in @entity1 with @entity1576 and in other @entity1729 has found that cardiovascular system suffers less in acute mycoplasmosis. These data are useful in differential diagnosis of @entity296 .

title: [Cardio-vascular system condition in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial necrosis', 'myocardial infections']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['Pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac damage']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['acute respiratory infections', 'acute respiratory viral infection']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory mycoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['IHD', 'ischemic heart disease']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory mycoplasmosis']


abstract: Unicompartmental knee replacement is an attractive concept that offers several potential advantages over bicompartmental or tricompartmental replacement, including preservation of bone stock, of the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments, of the patellofemoral joint, and of the normal opposite compartment. Of our first 100 consecutive knees that had unicompartmental arthroplasty for @entity571 and were followed for two to six years (average, three and one-half years), eighty-eight were medial and twelve were lateral replacements. The ages of the @entity1 at the time of operation ranged from forty-six to eighty-five years, with an average age of seventy-one years. At follow-up, @entity158 relief was good to excellent in 92 per cent of the knees. The average amount of flexion was 114 degrees (range, 90 to 140 degrees); one-half of the knees had at least 120 degrees of flexion. The average flexion contracture was 1 degree. There were no infections and no peroneal palsies. At the time of writing, three failures had required revision. Radiolucent lines at the bone-cement interface were present around 8 per cent of the femoral components and 27 per cent of the tibial components. Two femoral components subsided in @entity28 @entity1 . There was no tibial loosening in the series. The most common complications, per anserinus @entity2585 , occurred in 12 per cent of the knees and was treated satisfactorily by injection of local anesthetics and @entity230 . Surgical technique must be precise to prevent subluxation of the tibia on the femur due to either improper positioning of the components or too tight a fit (too much pressure) between them. We view unicompartmental replacement as an attractive alternative for the treatment of unicompartmental @entity571 in elderly @entity1 . However, we are strong advocates of proximal tibial osteotomy for unicompartmental @entity571 associated with a @entity85 in selected @entity1 .

title: Unicondylar unicompartmental replacement for XXXX of the knee.

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['varus deformity']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: Common genetic variation @entity16209 in the @entity533 ( @entity533 ) gene has been considered to be implicated in the development of many @entity5 . Nevertheless, results from the related studies were inconsistent. To elucidate the association, we performed a meta-analysis for 8,112 cases and 10,037 controls from 32 published case-control studies. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the strength of the association by STATA 12.0 software. Overall, we revealed that the @entity533 -192R allele was associated with a reduced risk of the @entity5 . Moreover, in the stratified analysis by @entity5 types ( @entity0 , @entity263 , @entity1313 etc.), the results showed that @entity533 -192R allele was associated with a decreased risk in @entity0 (R vs Q: OR=0.605, 95% CI=0.378-0.967, Pheterogeneity=0.000; RR vs QQ: OR=0.494, 95% CI=0.275-0.888, Pheterogeneity=0.002; RQ vs QQ: OR=0.465, 95% CI=0.259-0.835, Pheterogeneity=0.000; and RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=0.485, 95% CI=0.274-0.857, Pheterogeneity=0.000), and associated with @entity263 in homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.475, 95% CI=0.251- 0.897, Pheterogeneity=0.001) and recessive models (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=0.379, 95% CI=0.169-0.853, Pheterogeneity=0.000), while an increased risk was identified in @entity706 (R vs Q: OR=1.537, 95% CI=1.246-1.896, Pheterogeneity=0.944; RR vs QQ: OR=2.987, 95% CI=1.861-4.795, Pheterogeneity=0.350; RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.354, 95% CI=1.021-1.796, Pheterogeneity=0.824; and RR vs RQ+QQ: OR=2.934, 95% CI=1.869-4.605, Pheterogeneity=0.433), and an increased risk in @entity263 under heterozygote comparison (RQ vs QQ: OR=1.782, 95% CI=1.077-2.950, Pheterogeneity=0.000) and dominant models (RR+RQ vs QQ: OR=1.281, 95% CI=1.044-1.573, Pheterogeneity=0.056). When subgroup analysis that performed by the control source (hospital based or population based), a decreased risk of the @entity5 was revealed by homozygote (RR vs QQ: OR=0.601, 95% CI=0.366-0.987, Pheterogeneity=0.000) and dominant models (RR vs RQ+QQ: OR= 0.611, 95% CI=0.384-0.973, Pheterogeneity=0.000) in hospital based group. Stratifying by ethnicity, a significantly reduced risk of the @entity5 under allele contrast model (R vs Q: OR=0.788, 95% CI=0.626-0.993, Pheterogeneity=0.000) was uncovered in Caucasian. In summary, these findings suggested that @entity533 @entity16209 polymorphism was associated with a reduced risk of the @entity5 , nevertheless, it might increase @entity5 susceptibility of prostate and @entity706 risk. Large well-designed epidemiological studies will be continued on this issue of interest.

title: XXXX ( @entity533 ) @entity16209 Gene Polymorphism and Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Based on 30 Publications.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'overall cancers']

answer: @entity533 :: (5444,Gene) :: ['Paraoxonase 1']


abstract: The main aim of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of daily eccentric exercises on functional @entity158 -free hand strength in subjects with long-term @entity5251 . Forty-two subjects with @entity5251 were randomly assigned either to a 6-week home exercise regimen receiving eccentric training for their wrist extensors and a forearm band or to a control group receiving a forearm band only. The main outcomes were @entity158 and wrist-extensor strength at mid- and end-intervention follow-ups, 3 and 6 weeks after inclusion, respectively. Secondary outcomes were a change in the proportion of cases with epicondylalgia and ratings of perceived @entity158 (VAS) at follow-up. Thirty-seven (88%) subjects completed both the mid- and the end-intervention follow-up. Exercise members had significantly higher @entity158 (P=0.025) and wrist-extensor strength (P<0.001) at the end of follow-up, although there was no such effect at mid-intervention. Regression analysis showed a reduction in the proportion of cases in the exercise group at the end of follow-up (P=0.035). However, no between-groups effect emerged for perceived @entity158 . These data suggest that the daily home eccentric exercise regimen is effective in increasing functional @entity158 -free grip strength and reducing cases suffering from @entity5251 . However, no effect emerged for global perceived @entity158 during the last week.

title: Effects of eccentric training on hand strength in subjects with XXXX : a randomized-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity5251 :: ('MESH:D010509', 'Disease') :: ['lateral epicondylalgia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain-free hand-grip']

answer: @entity5251 :: (MESH:D010509,Disease) :: ['lateral epicondylalgia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Inflammatory responses and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction play important roles in @entity1545 after @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ). The metalloprotease @entity24920 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I motif, member 13) was shown to limit inflammatory responses through its proteolytic effects on @entity2880 factor. In the present study, we addressed the role of @entity24920 after experimental @entity1779 . METHODS: @entity1779 was induced in @entity19 by intracerebral infusion of autologous blood. The peri-hematomal inflammatory responses, levels of @entity72120 , pericyte coverage on brain capillaries, and BBB permeability were quantified at 24 hours. Functional outcomes, @entity2657 , and @entity548 volume were quantified at day 3. RESULTS: Treatment with recombinant @entity24920 ( @entity12798 ) reduced the levels of chemokines and cytokines, @entity10873 activity, and microglia activation and neutrophil recruitment after @entity1779 . @entity12798 also decreased @entity777 expression in brain endothelial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide, whereas recombinant @entity2880 factor reversed this effect. The anti-inflammatory effect of @entity12798 was accompanied by reduced expression of @entity8024 and less activation of matrix metalloproteinase, enhanced pericyte coverage of brain microvessels, and attenuated BBB disruption. Furthermore, neutrophil depletion protected against BBB damage, and @entity12798 treatment had no further beneficial effect. Finally, treatment of @entity19 with @entity12798 reduced @entity2657 and @entity548 volume and improved neurological functions. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings reveal the importance of @entity12798 in regulating pathological inflammation and BBB function and suggest that @entity12798 may provide a new therapeutic strategy for @entity1779 .

title: Recombinant @entity24920 Attenuates XXXX After @entity1779 .

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity72120 :: ('17395;15894', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase-9 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic lesion']

entities_list: @entity2880 :: ('MESH:D014842', 'Disease') :: ['von Willebrand']

entities_list: @entity8024 :: ('15894(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity1545 :: (MESH:D020214,Disease) :: ['Brain Injury']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the level of sICAM-1 in sera of @entity1378 and euthyroid @entity1 with @entity2743 and find correlation between thyroid function, anti-TSH receptor as well as anti-thyroid antibodies. Comparative determination of sICAM-1, TSH and thyroid hormones, anti-TSH receptor- as well as anti-thyroglobin-, anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies was made in sera of Graves' @entity1 . Thirty @entity1 with untreated @entity2743 (12 had @entity6875 ) were studied before and after @entity3937 treatment. sICAM-1 was measured by ELISA using monoclonal antibodies to @entity1 @entity2071 . The sICAM-1 was significantly elevated in @entity2743 ' @entity1 (738.9 +/- 151 ng/ml) compared to controls (212 +/- 42 ng/ml) (p < 0.0001). Both in @entity1378 and euthyroid Graves' groups with @entity6875 the sICAM-1 proved to be higher than those without @entity6875 . Correlations were observed between sICAM-1 and serum @entity1955 , @entity1954 and anti-TSH receptor antibodies (r = 0.91, 0.83 and 0.61, respectively). There was, however, no association of serum @entity2071 levels with anti-thyroid peroxidase or anti-thyroglobulin antibodies. It was concluded that elevation of sICAM-1 can be the consequence of @entity1378 and the autoimmune processes mediated by anti-TSH receptor antibodies as well as cytokines. The elevated level of sICAM-1 might be important both in regulation of autoimmune mechanism and "homing" phenomenon of lymphocytes in @entity2743 .

title: Soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease", 'hyperthyroid Graves', "hyperthyroid Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ['infiltrative ophthalmopathy', 'ophthalmopathy']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity2743 :: (MESH:D006111,Disease) :: ['Graves' disease']


abstract: @entity1204 is a common @entity5 of the genital tract. In the present study, we examined the expression of @entity1 @entity624 ( @entity624 ) protein, @entity5986 ( @entity5986 ), 17alpha-hydroxylase/17,20-desmolase (P45017alpha) and aromatase (P450 arom) in @entity1204 cells to clarify the ability of these cells to produce @entity134 hormones. The results of RT-PCR analysis showed that @entity624 , @entity5986 and P45017alpha genes were expressed in @entity1204 cells. To examine the protein expression of @entity624 and @entity5986 , we performed Western blotting using extracts from @entity189 cells. @entity624 protein and @entity5986 were detected in both HHUA and HOUA-1 cells. The production of @entity3333 in HHUA cells increased 2.4-fold with transfection of a @entity624 expression vector and 4.3-fold with transfection of an F2 side-chain cleavage system. The RT-PCR product of @entity1816 dehydrogenase was present in @entity1204 cells. In @entity1204 cells, the production of @entity1420 also increased with over-expression of @entity624 and the F2 system. Results of @entity134 metabolic assays showed that @entity1204 cells produced not only @entity4418 but also @entity2671 . @entity1204 cells express enzymes that are associated with the production of @entity134 hormones. Locally produced @entity134 hormones may have effects on @entity5 proliferation and tumorigenesis.

title: Expression of enzyme associated with XXXX hormone synthesis and local production of @entity134 hormone in @entity1204 cells.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma', 'Endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity624 :: ('6770', 'Gene') :: ['steroidogenic acute regulatory', 'StAR']

entities_list: @entity5986 :: ('1583', 'Gene') :: ['P450 scc', 'P450 side-chain cleavage enzyme']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3333 :: ('MESH:D011284', 'Chemical') :: ['pregnenolone']

entities_list: @entity1816 :: ('CHEBI:36836', 'Chemical') :: ['3beta-hydroxysteroid']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity4418 :: ('MESH:D019326', 'Chemical') :: ['17alpha-hydroxyprogesterone']

entities_list: @entity2671 :: ('MESH:D000735', 'Chemical') :: ['androstenedione']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: The optimal management of asparaginase-associated @entity715 complications is not well-defined. We report the features, management and outcome of paediatric (ages 0-18years) and adult (18-50years) @entity1 with @entity981 ( @entity981 ) with asparaginase-related @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) treated at Dana-Farber @entity5 Institute on clinical trials for newly diagnosed @entity981 between 1991-2008. Of 548 @entity1 , 43 (8%) had @entity1211 , including 27/501 (5%) paediatric and 16/47 (34%) adult @entity1 . @entity50 occurred in 1  6% of @entity1 . Age was the only significant predictor of @entity1211 , with those aged >30years at very high risk ( @entity1211 rate 42%). 74% of @entity1 received low molecular weight heparin after @entity1211 . Complications of anticoagulation included @entity1415 (9%), @entity2981 (2%) and, in two adult @entity1 , major @entity548 . Thirty @entity1 (70%) ultimately received at least 85% of the intended doses of asparaginase. 33% of @entity1 experienced recurrent @entity1211 (paediatric 17% vs. adults 47%, P=0  07). The 48-month event-free survival for @entity1 with @entity1211 was 85  6% compared with 88  2% for those without @entity1211 (P=0  36). This study confirms that, after @entity1211 , asparaginase can be restarted with closely monitored anticoagulation after imaging demonstrates clot stabilization or improvement. With this management strategy, a history of @entity1211 does not appear to adversely impact prognosis.

title: The frequency and management of asparaginase-related @entity715 in paediatric and adult @entity1 with @entity981 treated on Dana-Farber XXXX Institute consortium protocols.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukaemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolic events']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['Sinus venous thrombosis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: @entity2914 ( @entity2914 ) is considered by most researchers to be a surgical emergency. However, early repair does not necessarily improve respiratory function or reverse fetal circulation, and many @entity1 deteriorate postoperatively. As a result, in 1985, we began to employ a protocol in which surgery was delayed until the PCO2 was maintained below 40 and the @entity1 was hemodynamically stable; @entity1 in whom these criteria could not be achieved died without surgical repair. Sixty-one consecutive @entity1 with @entity2914 were managed over 4 years; 31 from 1983 to 1984 (group 1) and 30 from 1985 to 1986 (group 2). The groups were similar with respect to sex, side of the @entity600 weight, gestational age, incidence of pneumothorax, and blood gases. High frequency oscillation was used with increasing frequency during the study period, for @entity1 with refractory hypercarbia (13% in group 1, 30% in group 2). All @entity1 were initially paralyzed and ventilated. Mean time from admission to surgery was 4.1 hours in group 1 and 24.4 hours in group 2 (P less than .05). In group 1, 87% of @entity1 had surgical repair (77% within eight hours of admission, 10% after eight hours), and in group 2 only 70% of @entity1 had surgery (10% within eight hours, 60% after eight hours). All @entity1 who were not operated on died. Overall mortality was 58% in group 1 and 50% in group 2; this difference was not statistically significant. These data indicate that our current approach has not increased overall mortality.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Timing of surgery for XXXX : is emergency operation necessary?

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital diaphragmatic hernia', 'CDH']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['defect, birth']

answer: @entity2914 :: (MESH:D065630,Disease) :: ['congenital diaphragmatic hernia']