abstract: Adult @entity3 were reared up to eight weeks in control water or in water containing @entity6 (AP) at measured @entity5 concentrations of 18 (environmentally relevant, high) and 677 ppm. Groups of eight females were paired with four males on a weekly basis to assess AP effects on spawned egg volume, an index of reproductive performance. All treatments were applied to four to five spawning replicates. At 677 ppm, spawn volume was reduced within one week and became negligible after four weeks. At 18 ppm, spawn volume was unaffected even after eight weeks. Also, @entity5 at 18 ppm did not affect percentage egg fertilization. Fish were collected at the end of the exposures (677 ppm, four weeks; control and 18 ppm, eight weeks) for whole-body @entity5 content and thyroid histopathological analysis. Fish @entity5 levels were about one-hundredth of those of treatment water levels, indicating that waterborne @entity5 does not accumulate in whole fish. At 677 ppm for four weeks, @entity5 caused thyroid follicle cell (nuclear) @entity1 and @entity4 , whereas at 18 ppm for eight weeks, its effects were more pronounced and included @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity2 , and colloid depletion. In conclusion, an eight-week exposure of adult @entity3 to 18 ppm @entity5 (high environmentally relevant concentrations) affected the histological condition of their thyroid follicles but not their reproductive performance. The effect of 677 ppm @entity5 on reproduction may be due to @entity0 . Further research is needed to determine if AP at lower environmentally relevant concentrations also affects the thyroid follicles of @entity3 .

title: Effects of @entity6 on the reproductive performance and thyroid follicle histology of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term risk-benefit effect of occasional and regular use of low-dose @entity3 ( <= 100 mg per day) in primary prevention of @entity4 and @entity1 was calculated. METHODS: One representative database of 1,000,000 @entity0 from Taiwan's National Health Insurance scheme in 1997-2000 was used. The potential study subjects were those aged 30-95 years, were found not to have been prescribed @entity3 before 1 January 2000, but to have first been prescribed low-dose @entity3 ( <= 100 mg per day) after that date, and were followed up to 31 December 2009. @entity0 prescribed low-dose @entity3 < 20% during the study period were considered occasional users and those prescribed >=  80% regular users. After the propensity-score matching, rate differences of @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity1 between these users were calculated their net clinical risk. RESULTS: 1,720 pairs were analyzed. During the study period, @entity5 and @entity2 occurred in 25 (1.45%) and 67 @entity0 (3.90%) in occasional users and 69 (4.01%) and 100 @entity0 (5.81%) in regular users, whereas @entity1 occurred in 32 @entity0 (1.86%) in occasional users and 26 @entity0 (1.51%) in regular users. The crude and adjusted net clinical risks of low-dose @entity3 use between the two frequency of users (>=  80% vs. < 20%) were 4.12% (95% CI = 2.19%, 6.07%; P < 0.001) and 3.93% (95% CI = 2.01%, 5.84%; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A long-term regular use of low-dose @entity3 might not be better than occasional use in the primary prevention against @entity4 and @entity1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: A Long-term Risk-Benefit Analysis of Low-dose XXXX in Primary Prevention.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity13 is a potent immunosuppressive agent that provides higher freedom from acute and chronic rejection than @entity4 after liver transplantation (LTx). Initially, a @entity3 -free state was observed in about 70% of @entity0 at 1 year; this did not change over the next 5 years. The present study identifies the various reasons why the remaining 30% of adult @entity0 still require @entity6 even after 5 years after successful LTx. METHOD: Eight hundred thirty-four consecutive @entity0 who underwent LTx between August 1989 and December 1992 were included in this study. Four hundred ninety-nine @entity0 were alive in January 1999 and were available for this study. The dose of @entity3 and the reason for @entity3 use were retrospectively determined from the clinical records. RESULTS: Three hundred sixty-five @entity0 (73.1%) were off @entity3 , whereas 134 @entity0 (26.9%) were receiving @entity5 (mean dose was 6.4+/-3.7 mg/day) at the time of the study. Four hundred and eight-four @entity0 (97%) were off @entity5 at some time after LTx; however, in 119 (23.8%) @entity0 , @entity6 were reintroduced. Fifteen @entity0 (3%) continued to receive @entity5 ; eight receive @entity5 due to reluctance of the local physician to withdraw the medication; in five @entity0 , the @entity5 was not withdrawn because these @entity0 were on @entity4 ; in the remaining two @entity0 , repeated attempts to withdraw @entity3 resulted in a rise in liver function test. In the 49 (36.6%) of 119 @entity0 in whom the @entity3 was reintroduced, it was restarted secondary to pathologically proven or clinically suspected rejection (group I). In five @entity0 @entity3 was reintroduced for @entity9 after being off immunosuppression for treatment of a @entity12 . Six @entity0 were noncompliant with their immunosuppressive medication, and the @entity3 was reintroduced to control rejection. @entity6 were reintroduced in 30 @entity0 (22.4%) for recurrence of original disease: @entity17 (n= 19), sclerosing @entity7 (n=6), and @entity10 (n=5) (group II). In 24 @entity0 (20.2%), @entity6 were reintroduced to lower the dose of @entity13 secondary to nephrotoxicity. Six of these @entity0 received kidney transplantation (group III). In 16 @entity0 (13.4%) the @entity3 was reintroduced for concomitant medical problems, consisting of @entity2 (n=6), @entity15 (n=5), @entity14 (n=3), @entity16 (n=1), and @entity8 (n=1) (group IV). CONCLUSION: Ninety-seven percent of @entity0 under @entity13 were weaned off @entity3 ; however, 23.8% required @entity3 reintroduction for late rejection, recurrence of @entity11 (es), @entity1 , or the concomitant presence of other medical conditions. Although the use of other immunosuppressive agents may reduce the rate of reintroduction of @entity3 , long-term sustained freedom from @entity3 may not be possible in all @entity0 under @entity13 secondary to these conditions.

title: Reasons for long-term use of XXXX in primary adult liver transplantation under @entity13 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study examines proliferative activity in @entity2 cells of @entity1 with histologically documented invasive @entity0 treated with magnetic resonance-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation (MR-GILP). Immunohistochemical marker for @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a nuclear protein abundant in actively proliferating cells, is used. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of MR-GILP in ablating @entity2 cells of infiltrating @entity0 . The diagnosis of infiltrating @entity0 was confirmed by core needle biopsies. Using a specially designed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device, rotating delivery of excitation off-resonance (RODEO), @entity2 were measured ranging from 1.8 to 4.0 cm in greatest dimension. Seven @entity4 -fixed, @entity5 -embedded archival tissues from seven @entity1 with infiltrating @entity3 , status post-MR-GILP, were analyzed. Using @entity6 immunoperoxidase (Biomeda Corp.), the proliferative capability of the remaining @entity2 cells around the focus of laser photocoagulation was determined. The lesions were digitally acquired using a Nikon Eclipse E800 microscope with an automated stage. Images were analyzed using Cool SNAP image editing software (version 1.0). Appropriate thresholds were set for positive staining and limited concentric radial measurements of equal area between all samples were compared at radial millimeter intervals from the center of laser ablation. The integrated area occupied by @entity6 -positive cells per radial millimeter from the charcoal site (the center of the laser) increased as the distance from this site increased (a mean average at each radial measurement revealed: at the 1 mm radius the positive integrated area was 0.0024 mm2; at 2 mm, 0.0145 mm2; at 3 mm, 0.0351 mm2; at 4 mm, 0.0696 mm2; at 5 mm, 0.1025 mm2; and at 6 mm, 0.1263 mm2). MR-GILP is an effective mean of ablating @entity0 . This treatment option may represent an alternative to lumpectomy for a single lesion < or =1 cm, or make @entity1 with two separate lesions eligible for lumpectomy.

title: Assessment of XXXX activity using digital image analysis in @entity0 following magnetic resonance-guided interstitial laser photocoagulation.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Conventional adhesive systems use three different agents--an enamel conditioner, a primer solution, and an adhesive resin--during the bonding of orthodontic brackets to enamel. A unique characteristic of some new bonding systems in operative dentistry is that they combine the conditioning and priming agents into a single application. Combining conditioning and priming saves time and should be more cost-effective to the clinician and indirectly to the @entity0 . The purpose of this study was to assess and compare the effects of self-etching primers, including a @entity1 -releasing primer, on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets. The brackets were bonded to extracted @entity0 teeth according to one of four protocols. In group 1 (control), teeth were etched with 37% @entity3 ; after the sealant was applied, the brackets were bonded with Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, @entity2 ) and light cured for 20 seconds. In group 2, a self-etch acidic primer (3M ESPE, St Paul, Minn) was applied as suggested by the manufacturer, and the brackets were then bonded with Transbond XT as in the first group. In group 3, an experimental self-etch primer EXL #547 (3M ESPE) was applied to the teeth as suggested by the manufacturer, and the brackets were then bonded as in groups 1 and 2. In group 4, a @entity1 -releasing self-etch primer, One-Up Bond F (J. Mortia, USA Inc. Irvine, @entity2 ) that also has a novel dye-sensitized photo polymerization initiator system was applied as suggested by the manufacturer, and the brackets were then bonded as in the other groups. The present in vitro findings indicated that the shear bond strengths of the four groups were significantly different (P = .001). Duncan multiple range tests indicated that One-Up Bond F (mean +/- SD strength, 5.1+/-2.5 MPa) and Prompt L-Pop (strength, 7.1+/-4.4 MPa) had significantly lower shear bond strengths than both the EXL #547 self-etch primer (strength, 9.7+/-3.7 MPa) or the @entity3 etch and the conventional adhesive system (strength, 10.4+/-2.8 MPa).

title: Effect of a XXXX -releasing self-etch acidic primer on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence rates and associated characteristics of @entity0 who have ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications associated with the systemic use of the @entity1 chemotherapeutic agent @entity5 ( @entity5 ). METHODS: An exposure-based cohort study was designed. Adult @entity0 who had completed at least 3 months of systemic @entity5 therapy within the past 5 years were eligible for enrollment. Study subjects had a detailed medical history taken with emphasis on preexisting conditions known to be associated with the development of ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications. An ocular examination was then performed. A complete nasolacrimal system evaluation was performed if symptoms or findings were identified. The prevalence was then determined for each ocular symptom and each ocular finding identified that was not present pretreatment. An exploratory analysis was then performed to identify @entity0 characteristics that might influence the likelihood of developing any of the above complications. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity0 were enrolled in the study. The prevalence rates of the following ocular abnormalities were calculated: ocular irritation, 5.8%; @entity8 , 3.8%; @entity7 , 3.8%; @entity4 , 3.8%; @entity6 , 5.8%; cicatricial ectropion, 1.9%; tearing, 26.9%; punctal-canalicular @entity3 , 5.8%; and blurred vision, 11.5%. Blacks had tearing at a significantly higher rate when compared with whites (P = 0.022, 2-sided Fisher exact test). Three @entity0 had permanent complications that will require surgery for correction. Of the 7 @entity0 who had a single abnormality, 6 had tearing and one had @entity6 . All of the 8 @entity0 who had multiple findings had tearing as one of their abnormalities. CONCLUSIONS: Ninety-three percent of the @entity0 who had an @entity2 had tearing as one of the complications. @entity0 who are receiving systemic @entity5 and begin to tear should have an ocular examination, looking for ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications.

title: Ocular surface, ocular adnexal, and lacrimal complications associated with the use of systemic XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Because @entity2 is triggered by several parallel mechanisms, a combination of drugs active against individual death-promoting mechanisms may have synergistic effects. @entity5 is a noncompetitive @entity1 antagonist with anti-inflammatory effects and @entity6 is a @entity7 antioxidant. Therefore, we explored whether their combined use results in smaller @entity3 volumes as compared with their individual administration. @entity0 underwent @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and were given vehicle, @entity5 alone, @entity6 alone, or a combination of @entity5 and @entity6 (n = 13 per group) 1 h later. Five animals in each group were evaluated with a motor rating scale 24 h after @entity4 and the @entity3 volumes were then measured. The remaining animals were examined with motor and behavioral scales up to 30 days after @entity4 and their @entity3 volumes were then determined. Motor disability and water maze latencies at all time points examined and @entity3 volumes at days 1 and 30 were significantly reduced in all active treatment groups when compared with vehicle. However, no significant differences were observed between the active treatment groups. In conclusions, combination therapy with @entity5 and @entity6 does not appear to have additional neuroprotective effects compared to those conferred by each agent alone even when administered at optimal timing and dosing. Therefore, a ceiling neuroprotective effect that is impossible to overcome may exist.

title: Combination of XXXX and @entity6 in focal cerebral ischemia: is there a ceiling effect?

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the impact of a pediatric donation after @entity2 (DCD) program on organ donation. DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: A free-standing @entity0 's hospital. @entity0 : All ventilated pediatric intensive care unit @entity0 who died between September 1, 2005 and April 30, 2007. INTERVENTIONS: Institution of a DCD program. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Data collected included clinical features, medical eligibility and consent for organ donation, as well as outcome for donation among eligible @entity0 . One hundred ten @entity0 who died in the pediatric intensive care unit and were treated with mechanical ventilation immediately before @entity2 were identified. Thirty-one @entity0 met exclusion criteria, 26 @entity0 were not referred, and 53 @entity0 were evaluated for potential DCD by the organ procurement agency. The majority of @entity0 had @entity3 or @entity1 as their primary diagnosis. Family members initiated discussions regarding donation in 17% of evaluations. Sixty-eight percent of @entity0 were deemed medically ineligible by the organ procurement agency. Of the 17 medically eligible @entity0 , consent for donation was given in 9 cases (53%). Of these, 7 @entity0 (41%) successfully donated; accounting for 37% of organ donors during the study period. Two families gave consent for donation which did not occur; one @entity0 did not die within the required time period and one could not be matched with any recipients. CONCLUSIONS: Although a small percentage of dying @entity0 are eligible for and will undergo DCD, such a program can markedly increase the number of organ donors at a @entity0 's hospital.

title: Impact of a pediatric donation after XXXX program.

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: (1) to develop an indicator of socioeconomic position based on the social standing of the habitat (SSH), that is, the residential building, its immediate surroundings, and local neighbourhood; (2) to assess the relation of SSH to two usual markers of socioeconomic position (education and occupation) and a known, socially determined health outcome ( @entity1 ). DESIGN: Population survey measuring SSH, detailed educational and occupational histories, and blood pressure. The SSH is a standardised assessment of the external and internal aspects of someone's building (or house), and of the characteristics of its immediate surroundings and local neighbourhood. SETTING: A sample of @entity0 to the Bus Sant   survey between 1993 and 1998, in Geneva, Switzerland. @entity0 : 588 @entity0 and @entity0 , aged 35 to 74. MAIN RESULTS: The SSH index was highly reproducible (kappa=0.8). Concordance of SSH with education or occupation was good for @entity0 of either high or low socioeconomic position, but not for those with medium education and/or occupation. There was a higher prevalence of @entity1 in the lowest compared with the highest groups, defined on the basis of education or occupation, but the SSH was the only indicator that showed a higher prevalence of @entity1 among @entity0 in the middle of the social spectrum. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 of medium education or occupation are heterogeneous with respect to their habitat. Those living in habitats of medium social standing may be most affected by @entity1 but this association could not be revealed on the basis of education and occupation alone. The habitat seems to capture different aspects of the socioeconomic position compared with the usual indicators of social class.

title: Measuring the habitat as an indicator of socioeconomic position: methodology and its association with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: In Germany, 36% of all new chronic dialysis @entity0 have @entity9 . The majority are type 2 diabetics. Early intervention has the greatest effect. Incipient @entity2 can be diagnosed by evidence of microalbuminuria (30-300 mg albumin/g @entity8 ). @entity7 on the standard test strip (>300 mg/g) indicates manifest @entity2 followed by progressive @entity4 . Important cofactors for progression are @entity3 , @entity10 , and smoking. Low normal blood pressure levels (<130/80 mmHg without and <125/75 mmHG with @entity7 ) based on ACE inhibitors/AT1 blockers are the goal. Combination therapies are frequently necessary. This can often reverse microalbuminuria. @entity4 requires special attention (e.g. bone metabolism, @entity5 , @entity6 ). Timely initiation of renal replacement therapy (GFR <15 ml/min) reduces morbidity and mortality. In addition to hemo- and peritoneal dialysis, early kidney and in individual cases of type 1 @entity1 combined kidney/pancreas transplantation is appropriate.

title: [Diagnostics and therapy of XXXX nephrology].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Recent studies have shown improved efficacy of chemotherapy in @entity0 with @entity1 . Our purpose was to evaluate prospectively the activity of @entity2 plus @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in 37 @entity0 with advanced stage @entity1 . There were two groups. Group 1 consisted of 19 previously untreated @entity0 with either T4 or N3 disease. They received 100 mg/m2 @entity2 (days 1 and 28) and 120-hour infusion of 1,000 mg/m2/24 hours @entity3 (days 1 to 5 and 28 to 32). They subsequently were offered preoperative radiotherapy (RT) and surgery. Group 2 consisted of 18 previously treated @entity0 . They received @entity3 and @entity2 in the same dosage every 28 days for either recurrent or metastatic disease. It was found that in group 1 there was an 84% response rate (five complete responses (CR) and 11 partial responses (PR) ). Three of those with PR achieved a CR after RT. Seven @entity0 have had RT plus surgery and are disease free at 8 to 27 month follow-up. Six @entity0 (one CR, five PR) refused surgery and progressed within 4 months. In group 2 there was an 11% response rate after two cycles (two PR), three @entity0 had a minimal response (MR, less than 50% response) and received a mean of four cycles of treatment. Three @entity0 with stable disease received a mean of four cycles of chemotherapy until progression. Two of 11 @entity0 who had received previous chemotherapy plus RT showed an MR; nine of these @entity0 had shown a response to their previous chemotherapy. Only one of 14 @entity0 who had RT plus chemotherapy had a PR, and three had MR. Of five @entity0 who had previous surgery, only one had a PR. All five had received chemotherapy as well. It was concluded that @entity3 plus @entity2 is an effective combination in previously untreated @entity0 . In previously treated @entity0 with recurrent disease, there is a substantially lower response rate.

title: A prospective evaluation of @entity3 plus @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Interbody fusion is the gold standard treatment for the management of numerous diseases of the spine. Minimally invasive techniques may be more beneficial than conventional techniques. The main goal of this study was to report the one-year postoperative results of a series of posterior lumbar interbody fusions by a minimally invasive technique in relation to improvement in functional outcome, interbody fusion and morbidity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between January 2012 and May 2013, 182 @entity0 treated by minimally invasive posterior @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were included in this prospective multicenter study. Clinical assessment was based on a comparison of the preoperative and one-year postoperative Oswestry (ODI), SF-12 and Quebec Scores and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Surgical and postoperative follow-up data were evaluated. Radiological assessment was based preoperative and one-year postoperative full spine teleradiographs. Interbody fusion at one-year was systematically evaluated by CT scan. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-two @entity0 were included, mean age 58.9 years old. Surgery lasted a mean 101minutes, mean preoperative bleeding was 143mL, and  mean radiation exposure was 247.4  cGy/cm(2). The rate of @entity1 was 7.7%. The ODI, the Quebec Score, the SF-12 and the VAS were all significantly improved at one-year (P<0.0001). The rate of fusion was 72.6% at the final follow-up. There was no significant difference in functional outcome between @entity0 with and without fusion. DISCUSSION: The one-year postoperative radiological results and functional outcome of minimally invasive posterior lumbar fusion are satisfactory. The benefits of this minimally invasive approach are mainly found in the first 6 postoperative months. Successful radiological interbody fusion was not correlated to functional outcome at the final follow-up. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: IV.

title: Minimally invasive posterior XXXX : One-year postoperative morbidity, clinical and radiological results of a prospective multicenter study of 182 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Clinical stage (c-stage) I @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is generally indicated for surgery, however, surgical exploration sometimes reveals @entity7 , thus resulting in incomplete resection. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 645 consecutive @entity0 were investigated in which 347 were diagnosed to have c-stage IA in 347 and 298 were diagnosed to have @entity3 . All cases underwent operation and were investigated for resectability and the cause of an incomplete resection. RESULTS: The c-Stage IA @entity0 included 16.6% of T3/4 and 10.4% of N2 whereas clinical stage IB @entity0 included 14.4% of T3/4 and 18.8% of N2/3. A complete resection was performed in 594 @entity0 (91%). In 347 c-stage IA @entity0 , the complete resection rates were 93% in @entity4 (235/252), 100% in @entity5 (76/76), and 89% in others (17/19). In 298 c-stage IB @entity0 , the complete resection rates were 86% in @entity4 (141/164), 90% in @entity5 (90/100), and 94% in others (31/33). The 5-year survival rates of the c-stage IA and IB @entity0 who underwent a complete resection were 66.4 and 48.3%, respectively. However, the same rates were 18.4 and 14.7% for c-stage IA and IB @entity0 who underwent an incomplete resection. The reasons for an incomplete resection in 54 @entity0 were @entity2 in 38 (70.4%), extranodal invasion of mediastinal nodal metastasis in ten (19%), an incomplete bronchial margin in three (5.6%), and ipsilateral pulmonary metastases in two (3.7%), and ipsilateral adrenal metastasis in one (1.3%). In 13% of the c-stage IB @entity4 , @entity1 was discovered during thoracotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Pleural dissemination was the most frequent cause of an incomplete resection, and its prevalence was high in c-stage IB @entity4 .

title: Operative results of clinical stage I XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: The data supporting the practice of empiric slow pathway ablation (ESPA) in @entity0 with documented @entity3 ( @entity3 ) who are non-inducible at electrophysiology study (EPS) is limited. The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of ESPA in adults. METHODS: A multi-center cohort study of @entity0 who had ESPA between January 2008 and October 2013 was performed. @entity0 were identified by screening sequential @entity3 ablation procedures. RESULTS: Forty-three (5%) out of 859 @entity3 ablation procedures were identified as ESPA. The median age was 53 (IQR: 24) years; 63% were female. All @entity0 had pre-EPS documentation of @entity3 (either strip or ECG). In 23 (53.5%) cases, pre-EPS ECG showed short @entity1 . Thirty-two (74.4%) @entity0 had dual atrioventricular nodal physiology (DAVNP) plus echo beats. Junctional rhythm (JR) as procedural endpoint was noted in 39 (90.7%) @entity0 . In 18 (41.9%) @entity0 , the abolishment of DAVNP was achieved. No complications were encountered. A median follow-up of 17months (range: 6 to 31months) revealed 83.7% (36 of 43) success rate, defined as the absence of pre-procedural symptoms and any documented sustained @entity2 . As compared to @entity0 with recurrence (n=7), @entity0 with no recurrence (n=36) had significantly higher prevalence of clinical short @entity1 (61.1% vs. 14.3%, p=0.038), and EPS finding of DAVNP plus echo beats (80.6% vs. 42.9%, p=0.034). CONCLUSIONS: ESPA is a reasonable approach in @entity0 with documented @entity3 , in particular in short @entity1 , who are not inducible at EPS. Larger studies are required to assess this practice.

title: Empiric slow pathway ablation in non-inducible XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The purpose of the current study was to assess the frequency and distribution of the 9-Item @entity0 Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) among individuals with @entity2 2 @entity1 with and without @entity3 . The current case-control study used electronic medical record data from two primary care institutions. The sample was divided into cases with coexisting @entity3 and @entity2 2 @entity1 and controls without @entity3 . Data included demographics, biomarkers, number of services delivered, and clinic visits in 2013. Similar PHQ-9 use was seen between unique primary care practices. However, less than one third of @entity0 at either site received @entity3 screening with the PHQ-9 in 2013. Male and older adult @entity0 were less likely to receive assessment. Guideline ambiguity and lack of accountability in primary care practice has made the use of @entity3 metrics arbitrary in diabetic populations at risk for @entity3 . To assure adequate care provision, it is imperative that proven tools for assessing @entity3 symptoms are used. [Journal of Psychosocial Nursing and Mental Health Services, 54(1), 56-63.].

title: Use of the 9-Item @entity0 Health Questionnaire for Depression Assessment in Primary Care XXXX With Type 2 Diabetes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: The authors present the results of a cohort study of 60 adult @entity0 presenting sequentially over a period of 15 years from 1997 to 2012 to our hospital for treatment of @entity5 , but without @entity2 . METHOD: All @entity0 were treated by early mobilisation within the limits of @entity4 , early bracing for @entity0 confidence and all progress in mobilisation was recorded on video. Initial hospital stay was one week. Subsequent reviews were made on an outpatient basis. RESULTS: The mean duration from admission to final follow-up was three months, and longer follow-up was undertaken telephonically. The mean @entity3 on arrival was 17.4   (5   to 29  ); mean @entity6 at final discharge three months later was 19.5   (1   to 28  ). Spinal canal encroachment had no influence on successful functional recovery. DISCUSSION: @entity4 has not been a significant problem for any @entity0 , irrespective of the degree of @entity6 and no @entity0 has a self-perception of clinical deformity. In all, 11 @entity0 took occasional analgesia. All @entity0 returned to their original work level or better. Two @entity0 died 2.5 years after treatment, from unrelated causes. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: The natural history of thoracolumbar @entity5 without @entity1 would appear to be benign. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:97-101.

title: Early mobilisation of thoracolumbar XXXX without @entity1 : a natural history observation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of @entity4 -positron emission tomography ( @entity4 -PET) for monitoring the therapeutic efficacy of @entity6 , an inhibitor of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase, in nude @entity3 bearing A549 ( @entity0 @entity1 ) xenografts. METHODS: @entity6 was administered orally by gavage to nude xenograft @entity3 for 2  weeks, at dosage levels of 0 (0.5  % w/v @entity5 solution), 1, 3, and 10  mg/kg/day (n  =  8/dose). @entity2 size was measured before treatment (day 0), and on days 1, 3, 7, 9, 11, and 14. PET scans were performed pretreatment (day 0), and on days 2, 4, 7, 10, and 14. Tracer accumulations in @entity2 tissue were quantified as the mean standard uptake value (SUVmean). RESULTS: No deaths or treatment-related body weight losses occurred during the study period. @entity6 showed dose-dependent inhibition of @entity2 growth and @entity4 uptake in @entity2 tissue. At a dosage of 10  mg/kg, @entity6 treatment produced a statistically significant reduction in @entity2 weight from day 11 compared with the vehicle group (P  <  0.05). @entity2 growth was inhibited in the 10  mg/kg group with a treated/control value of 31  % on day 14. The SUVmean on day 2 in this dosage group was statistically lower than that observed on day 0, and that seen in the vehicle group on day 2 (P  <  0.05 for both comparisons). Furthermore, this reduction in SUVmean at 10 mg/kg was maintained over time. In the two lower dosage groups (1 and 3  mg/kg), SUVmean gradually increased over time. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 -PET enabled early determination of late anti- @entity2 activity in response to @entity6 treatment.

title: Evaluation of the therapeutic efficacy of a MEK inhibitor ( @entity6 ) using @entity4 -positron emission tomography in the XXXX lung xenograft model A549.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recent advances demonstrate a critical yet poorly understood role for the pancreatic stellate cell (PSC) in the pathogenesis of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Progress in this area has been hampered by the availability, fidelity, and/or reliability of in vitro models of PSCs. We examined whether outgrowth cultures from @entity0 surgical specimens exhibited reproducible phenotypic and functional characteristics of PSCs. PSCs were cultured from surgical specimens of healthy pancreas, @entity4 and @entity3 . Growth dynamics, phenotypic characteristics, soluble mediator secretion profiles and co-culture with @entity3 cells both in vitro and in vivo were assessed. Forty-seven primary cultures were established from 52 attempts, demonstrating universal a-smooth muscle actin and glial fibrillary acidic protein but negligible epithelial surface antigen expression. Modification of culture conditions consistently led to cytoplasmic lipid accumulation, suggesting induction of a quiescent phenotype. Secretion of growth factors, chemokines and cytokines did not significantly differ between donor pathologies, but did evolve over time in culture. Co-culture of PSCs with established @entity3 cell lines resulted in significant changes in levels of multiple secreted mediators. Primary PSCs co-inoculated with @entity3 cells in a xenograft model led to augmented @entity2 growth and @entity1 . Therefore, regardless of donor pathology, outgrowth cultures produce PSCs that demonstrate consistent growth and protein secretion properties. Primary cultures from pancreatic surgical specimens, including @entity2 , may represent a reliable source of @entity0 PSCs.

title: Primary outgrowth cultures are a reliable source of XXXX pancreatic stellate cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in neonates presents important challenges and mortality can be high. This is a report of recent experience with @entity4 in neonates in a developing country. @entity0 AND METHODS: A retrospective review of 16 neonates treated for @entity4 in a 3 year period. RESULTS: There were 9 males and 7 females, aged 0-28 days (median age =7days). Their weights at presentation ranged from 0.9 - 4.7kg (median =2.6). Five @entity0 were premature. Twelve @entity0 presented more than 72 hours after onset of symptoms. Plain abdominal radiographs showed peumoperitoneum in 9 @entity0 . The cause of perforation was @entity6 enterocolitis 6, intestinal obstruction 6, iatrogenic 3 and spontaneous 1. The site of perforation was ileum in 12 @entity0 , stomach in 4 and colon in 4; 4 @entity0 had involvement of more than one site. All the neonates underwent exploratory laparotomy with primary closure ( n=5) , resection and @entity2 ( n=6), colostomy (n=3), Ileostomy ( n=2), partial gastrectomy (n=2) ,or gastrojejunostomy ( n=1). Two neonates had multiple procedures. Two very sick preterm babies had an initial peritoneal lavage. @entity3 is the commonest postoperative complication occurring in 9 @entity0 . Anaesthesia sepsis and @entity5 is responsible for the seven @entity1 recorded. CONCLUSIONS: Neonatal @entity4 has multiple aetiologies; NEC is the most common cause. Major mortality risk factors include NEC, multiple perforations, delayed presentation and prematurity.

title: XXXX in neonates: aetiology and risk factors.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine adolescents' responses to a medical examination, which included the use of video colposcopy, conducted during an investigation of possible @entity0 @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 aged 11 to 18 years, referred for evaluation and treatment of @entity3 at an academic medical center were eligible to participate. Demographic data and information regarding the alleged @entity3 event(s) were obtained by medical record review. Prior to the medi- cal examination subjects were assessed regarding: anticipations of the medical examination; level of state @entity1 using the State-Trait @entity1 Inventory (STAI); response to stressful situations along the dimensions of information-seeking or information-avoiding using the Miller Behavioral Style Scale (MBSS); and knowledge of reproduction and genital anatomy. Subsequently, a medical examination, which included the use of video colposcopy with a monitor for subject viewing, was completed. The examining physician provided a standardized educational intervention regarding genital anatomy and a discussion about abuse issues and @entity4 . An exit interview assessed perceptions of the medical examination and video colposcopy and reassessed @entity1 using the state portion of the STAI. Follow-up interviews occurred 3 months later during which knowledge of reproduction and genital anatomy was reassessed. Measures were evaluated using paired Student's t-tests, McNemar tests for correlated proportions, correlations and independent Student's t-tests, as appropriate. RESULTS: Seventy-seven eligible @entity0 participated; 51 returned for follow-up. The mean age of the subjects was 13.5 years (SD 1.4 years). Fifty-one percent of the sample was Caucasian, 29% African-American, 18% Hispanic, and 2% other. Seventy-nine percent of the @entity0 chose to watch the examination on the video monitor. The @entity0 ' post-examination perceptions were significantly more positive than their pre-examination anticipations (p <.001), even though some aspects continued to be embarrassing, @entity2 , or "scary". @entity1 , as measured by the STAI, significantly decreased from pre- to post-examination (p <.001). Pre-examination and post-examination @entity1 were negatively associated with pre-examination anticipation and post-examination perceptions, respectively. Information-avoiding coping styles on the MBSS were associated with positive anticipations of the examination, but exhibited a trend toward negative associations with perceptions of video colposcopy. Scores assessing knowledge of the reproductive functions of their bodies at 3 months revealed no significant differences during the period from pre-examination assessment to three month follow-up. CONCLUSIONS; Teens generally reported that the medical examination, which included the use of video colposcopy, was beneficial. There was a significant reduction in @entity1 from pre-examination to post-examination and the @entity0 ' feelings about the medical examination were significantly more positive afterwards.

title: Adolescents' responses to XXXX evaluation including the use of video colposcopy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: We conducted a randomised phase II study to assess the safety and efficacy of standard versus high-dose pemetrexed in @entity6 -resistant @entity1 (PR-EOC). The expression of ten genes was also examined as potential biomarkers of pemetrexed/ @entity6 activity. @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 received pemetrexed 500mg/m(2) (Pem500) or 900mg/m(2) ( @entity8 900) on day 1 of each 21-d cycle. Responses were defined per RECIST for measurable disease or by Gynaecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG) CA-125 criteria for non-measurable disease. RESULTS: Of 102 @entity0 randomised, 98 were evaluable for @entity3 (47 Pem500, 51 Pem900) and 91 were evaluable for efficacy (43 Pem500, 48 Pem900) of whom 68 had measurable disease and 23 had @entity2 . The overall RR was 9.3% (95% CI: 2.6-22.1%) on Pem500 and 10.4% (95% CI: 3.5-22.7%) on Pem900. The median progression-free survival (PFS) was 2.8 months on both arms, and the median survival was 11.9 and 10.3 months, respectively. Lower mRNA expression of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1) were associated with longer PFS and time to treatment failure, respectively. Grade 3/4 @entity3 , including fatigue, @entity4 and @entity5 , were numerically greater on Pem900. Pemetrexed-related SAEs occurred in 17% and 28% of Pem500 and Pem900 @entity0 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Pemetrexed has activity in PR-EOC equivalent to other agents in @entity6 -resistant disease; however, Pem500 has the preferable @entity3 profile. @entity7 and RFC1 may merit examination as predictive biomarkers in PR-EOC.

title: A randomised, double-blind, phase II study of two doses of pemetrexed in the treatment of XXXX -resistant, epithelial ovarian or primary peritoneal cancer.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Proton spin-lattice and spin-spin relaxation times have been measured in surgically-removed normal CNS tissues and a variety of @entity2 of the brain. All measurements were made at 20 MHz and 37 degrees C. Between grey and white matter from autopsy @entity0 or @entity5 specimens significant differences in T1 or T2 were observed, with greater differences seen in T1. Such discrimination was reduced in samples obtained from live @entity6 @entity0 due to lengthening in T1 and T2 of white matter near tumorous lesions. @entity1 white matter showed T1 and T2 values higher than those of @entity4 . Compared to normal CNS tissues, most @entity6 examined in this study demonstrated elevated T1 and T2 values. Exceptions, however, did exist. No definitive correlation was indicated on a T1 or T2 basis which allowed a distinction to be made between benign and malignant states. Furthermore, considerable variation in relaxation times occurred from @entity2 to @entity2 of the same type, suggesting that within a @entity2 type there are important differences in physiology, biology, and/or pathologic state. Such variation caused partial overlap in relaxation times among certain @entity2 types and hence may limit the capability of magnetic resonance imaging (MR) alone for the diagnosis of specific disease. Nonetheless, this study predicts that on the basis of T1 or T2 differences most @entity6 are readily detectable by MR via saturation recovery or inversion recovery with appropriate selections of pulse-spacing parameters. In general, @entity2 can be discriminated against white matter better than grey matter and contrast between @entity3 and grey matter is usually superior to that between @entity7 and grey matter. This work did not consider tissue-associated proton density which should be addressed together with T1 and T2 for a complete treatment of MR contrast.

title: Magnetic resonance of XXXX : considerations of imaging contrast on the basis of relaxation measurements.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity13 ( @entity14 ) is a @entity15 antagonist used in high doses as an anti- @entity1 treatment and in low doses for the treatment of some @entity10 . @entity14 use has been linked to oxidative imbalance, which may cause @entity3 that can be attenuated by antioxidant supplementation. Despite the oxidative effect of @entity14 , the influence of antioxidant gene polymorphisms on @entity14 @entity3 is not well studied. Therefore, we analyzed here whether a genetic imbalance of the @entity11 -dependent @entity4 dismutase ( @entity17 ) gene could have some impact on the @entity14 cytotoxic response. An in vitro study using @entity0 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from carriers with different @entity18 - @entity17 genotypes (AA, VV and AV) was carried out, and the effect on cell viability and proliferation was analyzed, as well as the effect on oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic markers. AA-PBMCs that present higher @entity17 efficiencies were more resistance to high @entity14 doses (10 and 100   M) than were the VV and AV genotypes. Both lipoperoxidation and ROS levels increased significantly in PBMCs exposed to @entity14 independent of @entity18 - @entity17 genotypes, whereas @entity2 was observed only in PBMCs from V allele carriers. The AA-PBMCs exposed to @entity14 showed decreasing @entity17 activity, but a concomitant up regulation of the @entity17 gene was observed. A significant increase in @entity16 peroxidase (GPX) levels was observed in all PBMCs exposed to @entity14 . However, this effect was more intense in AA-PBMCs. @entity19 levels were increased in cells exposed to @entity14 , but the modulation of these genes, as well as that of the @entity7 and @entity6 genes involved in the apoptosis pathway, presented a modulation that was dependent on the @entity17 genotype. @entity14 at a concentration of 10   M also increased inflammatory cytokines ( @entity12 , @entity8 , @entity5 and Igy) and decreased the level of @entity9 anti-inflammatory cytokine, independent of @entity17 genetic background. The results suggest that potential pharmacogenetic effect on the cytotoxic response to @entity14 due differential redox status of cells carriers different @entity17 genotypes.

title: @entity13 -Related Response on XXXX Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells May Be Modulated by the @entity18 - @entity17 Gene Polymorphism.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The effects on the fetus and placenta of graded reductions of uterine blood flow to 30-90% of control have been studied in @entity3 at days 125-143 of pregnancy. Reduction of uterine flow to 70-90% of control had little effect upon fetal oxygenation or heart rate or blood pressure but elevated fetal plasma @entity8 concentration. Reduction of flow to 30-50% of control depressed fetal arterial and umbilical venous @entity9 but had little effect upon @entity0 consumption unless the umbilical venous value fell below about 14 mmHg when it was depressed by up to 30%. Placental @entity0 consumption did not fall and was therefore maintained at the expense of the fetus. Fetal arterial pressure rose by 10-12 mmHg and heart rate fell by about 30 beats/min during the first 10-15 min then rose above its initial value. Plasma @entity6 and @entity5 concentrations rose progressively at a rate which increased with greater degrees of @entity7 . When uterine blood flow was reduced below one-half of normal, net placental consumption of @entity1 fell and there was evidence of substantial provision of @entity1 and @entity4 from the fetus. Fetal production of @entity4 increased sharply and much of this appeared to be consumed by the placenta at a rate sufficient to account entirely for the deficit in net @entity1 consumption. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that the fetus senses even small changes in uterine blood flow that are alone insufficient to elicit significant blood gas changes. When the fall in uterine flow caused by arterial compression is relatively large, nutrient supply to the placenta is maintained at the expense of the fetus and as a result of fetal @entity1 and @entity4 production. The elevation of fetal arterial PCO2 appears to enhance fetal responses to @entity2 . The results are discussed in relation to the fetal responses to brief and prolonged reductions in uterine blood flow.

title: Metabolic and cardiovascular effects on fetal XXXX of sustained reduction of uterine blood flow.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effects of thyroid hormones on @entity0 factor (IGF) II gene expression and their interaction with @entity1 in the ontogenic control of this gene were investigated in fetal @entity2 during late gestation (term 145 +/- 2 days) and after experimental manipulation of fetal plasma hormone concentrations. In intact fetuses, a significant decrease in hepatic @entity5 mRNA abundance was observed between 127-130 and 142-145 days of gestation, which coincided with the normal prepartum rise in plasma @entity1 and @entity3 (T3) concentrations. This ontogenic decline in hepatic @entity5 gene expression was abolished in fetuses in which the prepartum rise in plasma T3, but not @entity1 , was prevented by fetal thyroidectomy. At 127-130 days, downregulation of hepatic @entity5 mRNA abundance was induced prematurely in intact fetuses by an infusion of @entity1 for 5 days (2-3 mg . kg-1 . day-1 iv). Plasma concentrations of @entity1 and T3 in the @entity1 -infused intact fetuses were increased to values seen close to term. Similar findings were observed in thyroidectomized fetuses, in which, despite thyroidectomy, @entity1 infusion significantly increased plasma T3 concentrations and caused a premature decrease in hepatic @entity5 mRNA levels. However, in intact fetuses at 127-130 days, the increasing of T3 concentrations alone by exogenous T3 infusion (8-12 microg . kg-1 . day-1 iv for 5 days) had no effect on hepatic @entity5 mRNA levels. Overall, a decrease in hepatic @entity5 mRNA abundance was only observed in fetuses in which there were concurrent increases in plasma @entity1 and T3 concentrations. When observations from all fetuses were considered, irrespective of gestational age or treatment, hepatic @entity5 mRNA levels were negatively correlated with plasma @entity1 and T3 but not @entity4 concentrations. Partial correlation analysis of hepatic @entity5 , @entity1 , and T3 values showed that the plasma concentration of @entity1 in the fetus had the predominant effect on hepatic @entity5 mRNA abundance. These findings show that T3 may mediate, in part, the maturational effects of @entity1 on hepatic @entity5 gene expression but that it is ineffective without a concomitant rise in fetal plasma @entity1 . Hence, increased concentrations of both @entity1 and T3 appear necessary to induce downregulation of hepatic @entity5 mRNA abundance in fetal @entity2 close to term.

title: Control of XXXX factor II gene expression by thyroid hormones in fetal @entity2 near term.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aimed at developing and testing a Dutch health-related quality of life measure for @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: Scales on urinary and bowel function and bother from the UCLA @entity2 Index (PCI) underwent formal linguistic and cultural translation. PCI sexual scales were replaced by an existing Dutch sexual activities module (SAc). After qualitative pilot testing 389 @entity0 with @entity2 (mean age 67 +/- 7 years) completed the measure before and at 2 time points after primary treatment. Psychometric properties (feasibility, score distribution, reliability, construct validity and responsiveness to change) of the new instrument were analyzed. RESULTS: Response rates ranged from 93% at baseline to 87% after treatment. Urinary and bowel function scales showed Cronbach's alphas >0.7. Urinary function and bother, and bowel function and bother were significantly correlated. Pre- vs. post-prostatectomy effect sizes were >0.9 only for urinary scales; while pre- vs. post-radiotherapy effect sizes were >0.75 only for bowel scales. Six months after baseline @entity3 was reported by 64% of respondents, either as a problem in sexual activity or as a reason for not being sexually active. CONCLUSION: The Dutch PCI and SAc performed well in @entity0 treated for early @entity1 .

title: Measuring disease specific quality of life in XXXX : the Dutch experience.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Environmental dissemination of biotechnology agents is becoming a common practice. Most applications use historically innocuous species; however, potential health effects of individual products are not scrutinized unless they contain genetically engineered microorganisms. In order to investigate possible health concerns, four surrogate microbial agents were studied in vivo. Male C3H/HeJ (endotoxin-resistant) @entity1 were administered intranasally (i.n.) with approximately 10(7) @entity3 aureofaciens, @entity2 , @entity3 , or @entity4 . To determine clearance of the dosed bacterial strains, lungs, small intestine, large intestine, cecum, mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), spleen, and liver were homogenized individually, plated, and dilutions inoculated onto selective media. @entity3 and @entity4 were eliminated from the lungs by 2 d posttreatment, and P. aureofaciens was not detected in the lungs by 5 d posttreatment. @entity2 was reisolated from the lungs and cecum for the experimental duration (14 d). Translocation to extraintestinal sites (MLN, spleen, and liver) also occurred. @entity2 was recovered from the MLN for 10 d after treatment of @entity1 . Pulmonary exposure to several bacterial strains resulted in unexpected mortality. @entity3 aureofaciens was lethal at the lowest dose (8.26 x 10(6) CFU/ @entity1 ), while @entity3 and @entity2 were fatal at higher doses (6.15 x 10(8) CFU/ @entity1 and 1.34 x 10(8) CFU/ @entity1 , respectively). By using the model described in this study, @entity0 safety issues can be more easily addressed and evaluated.

title: Colonization and clearance of environmental microbial agents upon intranasal exposure of strain C3H/HeJ XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 / @entity2 combination (SFC) formulated in a breath-actuated inhaler (BAI) overcomes the co-ordination problem associated with the pressurized-metered dose inhaler (pMDIs). Our aim was to compare the efficacy and the safety of SFC given through the BAI versus the conventional pMDI in moderate-to-severe @entity1 . METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, prospective, active-controlled, parallel group, multicenter, 12 weeks study, 150 @entity1 were randomized to receive SFC (25/125   mcg) through either BAI or pMDI. The primary efficacy endpoint was mean change in pre-dose morning PEFR value at 12 weeks and the secondary efficacy endpoints included, mean change in FEV1, pre-bronchodilator FVC, pre-dose morning and evening PEFR, symptom scores at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks. @entity0 preferences for device and safety were also assessed. RESULTS: At 12 weeks, the mean change in pre-dose morning PEFR in BAI and pMDI groups was 50.72   L/min and 48.82   L/min, respectively (p   <   0.0001; both groups) and the difference between the two groups was not significant. Both the treatment groups showed a statistically significant improvement in secondary endpoints at all-time points compared with baseline. The usability questionnaire assessment results showed that the BAI device was preferred by 75% of @entity0 as compared with 25% preferring pMDI. SFC in both BAI and pMDI devices was found to be safe and well tolerated. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to demonstrate that SFC given through the BAI produces comparable efficacy and safety endpoints as pMDI. Additionally, BAI was the preferred inhaler by @entity0 compared to conventional pMDI.

title: @entity3 / XXXX through breath-actuated inhaler versus pMDI: a randomized, double-blind, 12 weeks study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the frequency, CT findings, and fate of multiple infarcted regenerative nodules in @entity0 with @entity4 after @entity3 or @entity1 . METHODS: During a recent 3-year period, 492 @entity0 with @entity5 or @entity2 (n  =  445) and @entity1 (n  =  47) in @entity4 visited our hospital. After applying the exclusion criteria, 136 @entity0 with active @entity3 and 29 @entity0 with @entity1 were finally included in the study. We diagnosed multiple infarcted regenerative nodules based on the findings of the first follow-up (within 30  days) CT after events. We evaluated the shape, number, size, margin, location, and distribution of the infarcted regenerative nodules. RESULTS: Thirty-four @entity0 were diagnosed with multiple infarcted regenerative nodules (20.6% [34/165]): 29 among 136 @entity0 with @entity3 (21.3% [29/136]) and 5 among 29 @entity0 with @entity1 (17.2% [5/29]). Most of the infarcted regenerative nodules were round in shape, more than ten in number (79.4%), measured 1  cm or less (76.3%), had well-defined margins (61.8%), were present in the periphery (67.6%), and had a clustered distribution (67.6%). Almost all of the infarcted regenerative nodules disappeared on the second follow-up CT (88.9% [16/18]). CONCLUSIONS: In cirrhotic @entity0 , multiple infarcted regenerative nodules were not rare (they were found in about one-fifth of the @entity0 ) on the first follow-up CT after @entity3 or @entity1 . Majority of the infarcted regenerative nodules were more than ten in number, measured 1  cm or less, were located in the periphery, and had a clustered distribution.

title: Frequency, CT findings, and fate of multiple infarcted regenerative nodules in @entity4 after XXXX or @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To examine the incidence of @entity4 oncogene amplification in clinically localised @entity2 using in situ hybridisation. METHODS: One hundred and seventeen @entity0 , who had undergone radical prostatectomy, were identified and in situ hybridisation was performed on @entity3 fixed, paraffin wax embedded tissue using the Quantum Appligene probe for @entity4 . The enzyme peroxidase was used to detect the probe because this enabled a permanent record to be kept. @entity1 in which there were five or more signals in each nucleus in > 20% of the @entity1 cells were considered to have a significantly increased copy number. A serial section from these @entity1 was then hybridised with the chromosome 17 alpha satellite probe. The ratio of the percentage of cells showing an increase in @entity4 copy number to the number showing polysomy for chromosome 17 was calculated. A ratio above 2 was considered amplified. RESULTS: Biochemical recurrence occurred in 50 (43%) @entity0 and 24 (21%) had clinical recurrence. In situ hybridisation for @entity4 was accessible in 114 (97%) @entity0 . A significant increase in copy number was present in two @entity0 (1.75 %), but chromosome 17 hybridisation showed that the increase was the result of polysomy rather than true amplification. Both these @entity0 had a Gleason score of 7 and stage T3; they also had recurrent clinical disease with distal metastasis within two and 19 months. CONCLUSIONS: Increased @entity4 oncogene copy number appears to be rare in clinically localised @entity2 and is related to chromosome 17 polysomy rather than true amplification. As a result, it would not be a useful biomarker for identifying those @entity0 who will have recurrences after radical prostatectomy.

title: XXXX oncogene amplification in clinically localised @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals referred for stress testing to identify @entity2 may have nonobstructive @entity4 , which is not detected by stress tests. Identification of increased risk despite a negative stress test could inform prevention efforts. Abnormal @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. HYPOTHESIS: Routine @entity5 testing in the stress laboratory will identify unrecognized peripheral @entity3 in some @entity0 . METHODS: @entity0 referred for stress testing without known history of @entity4 underwent @entity5 testing (n = 451). Ankle-brachial index was assessed via simultaneous arm and leg pressure using standard measurement, automated blood-pressure cuffs at rest. Ankle-brachial index was measured after exercise in 296 @entity0 and 30 healthy controls. Abnormal postexercise @entity5 was defined as a >20% drop in @entity5 or fall in ankle pressure by >30 mm Hg. RESULTS: Overall, 2.0% of @entity0 had resting @entity5  <=0.90, 3.1% had @entity5 >= 1.40, and 5.5% had borderline @entity5 . No @entity0 with abnormal or borderline @entity5 had an abnormal stress test. @entity0 who met peripheral @entity3 screening criteria (age >= 65 or 50-64 with @entity1 or smoking) tended toward greater frequency of low @entity5 (2.9% vs 1.0%; P = 0.06) and were more likely to have borderline @entity5 (0.91 to 0.99; 7.8% vs 2.9%; P = 0.006). Postexercise @entity5 was abnormal in 29.4% of @entity0 and 30.0% of controls (P not significant). CONCLUSIONS: Ankle-brachial index screening at rest just before stress testing detected low @entity5 in 2.0% of @entity0 , all of whom had negative stress tests.

title: Ankle-Brachial Index Testing at the Time of Stress Testing in @entity0 Without Known XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The efficacy of @entity4 for the treatment of @entity3 is evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 37 potent @entity0 , 19 to 70 years old (mean age 41), with @entity3 were treated with 50 mg. oral @entity4 and placebo in a controlled randomized single-blind crossover trial. All @entity0 were either married or in a stable relationship. None of the @entity0 received any formal psychosexual therapy. Chronic open label treatment with @entity4 was continued in 29 @entity0 who had achieved an increase in ejaculatory latency times over pretreatment levels with active drug in the initial crossover study. In an attempt to identify which @entity0 could maintain the improved ejaculatory control after withdrawal of the active drug, serial drug withdrawal was conducted every 4 weeks with drug initiation after a further 2 weeks if improved ejaculatory control was not maintained. RESULTS: The mean pretreatment ejaculatory latency time was 0.3 minute (range 0 to 1). The mean ejaculatory interval after 4 weeks of treatment was 3.2 minutes (range 1 minute to anejaculation) with @entity4 and 0.5 minute (range 0 to 1) with placebo (p <0.001). Intravaginal ejaculation was achieved for the first time in 5 @entity0 with primary @entity3 and 2 @entity0 experienced anejaculation. One @entity0 described minor drowsiness and @entity2 , and 2 @entity0 described mild, transient @entity1 . Staged drug withdrawal allowed 20 of the 29 @entity0 (67%) on chronic open label treatment with @entity4 to discontinue the drug after a mean interval of 7.3 months with a mean ejaculatory latency time of 4.1 minutes (range 1 to 12). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 appears to be a useful agent in the pharmacological treatment of @entity3 .

title: Treatment of @entity3 with XXXX : a single-blind placebo controlled crossover study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To quantify the orientation of the collagen fibrils in the @entity0 limbus and to compare it with the orientation in the @entity4 . METHODS: Fibril orientation was measured from 100 synchrotron x-ray diffraction patterns collected at intervals along lines across the @entity1 , limbus, and sclera. RESULTS: A distinct circumcorneal annulus of collagen fibrils was revealed in the limbus. For the individual @entity1 investigated, the annulus was not uniform around the corneal circumference; its width, fibril angular spread, and fibril density all varied with position. The average width of the annulus was narrower in the superior sector (1.5 mm) than in the inferior sector (2.0 mm). The results from the edge of the @entity1 suggested that the preferentially aligned corneal fibrils bend sharply at the limbus to run circumferentially or that, together with this bending or alone, extra fibrils arising in the sclera run across this zone. In the @entity1 the biaxial preferred directions became more pronounced from the center of the @entity1 toward the limbus along the superior-inferior @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The excess of circumferential fibrils in the limbus, predicted from the sharp change of curvature in the surface of the eye at the limbus, appeared to take the form of a well-defined annulus. From a consideration of the mechanics of the system it seemed probable that the purpose of this annulus was to help maintain the correct curvature of the @entity1 . Before further research, it was hypothesized that some refractive problems associated with an incorrect curvature of the @entity1 may be related in @entity2 of this circumcorneal annulus.

title: Circumcorneal annulus of collagen fibrils in the XXXX limbus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Thrombolysis is considered to be contraindicated in acute @entity3 secondary to @entity6 ( @entity6 ). We report a 12-year-old female who presented with acute dense right @entity7 and @entity8 . Cranial magnetic resonance imaging and angiography showed multiple diffusion-restricted lesions in the left hemisphere and absence of flow in the left internal carotid artery. She was treated with intra-arterial tissue plasminogen activator within 6 hours of her presentation. Subsequently she was diagnosed with @entity6 and underwent debridement of vegetations and patch repair of the mitral valve. The @entity0 did not have @entity4 following thrombolytic therapy or surgery. Pathological analysis of the @entity2 revealed mostly fibrin @entity5 . Follow-up imaging showed complete recanalization of the left internal carotid artery, and the @entity0 had a remarkable neurological recovery. This is the first case report of successful intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy in childhood @entity6 -related @entity1 . We believe that thrombolytic therapy contributed to a favorable outcome in our @entity0 and may be safe in selected @entity0 with childhood @entity6 -related acute @entity3 .

title: Bacterial endocarditis in a @entity0 presenting with acute arterial XXXX : should thrombolytic therapy be absolutely contraindicated?

answer: @entity3


abstract: Repolarization Heterogeneity and @entity4 Risk. INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to investigate whether the characteristics of endocardial ventricular repolarization are associated with differential risk for @entity4 . Prolonged surface QT interval is associated with increased arrhythmic risk after @entity2 ( @entity2 ), but the underlying mechanism of @entity5 and its relation to lethal @entity3 are unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity7 ( @entity7 ) risk was assessed in 12 @entity1 1 month after anterior @entity2 during an exercise test coupled with brief circumflex @entity6 . Susceptible @entity1 (n = 5) developed @entity7 during the brief ischemic episode, whereas resistant @entity1 did not (n = 7). Surface QT interval was measured at rest. Endocardial electroanatomic catheter maps of left ventricular repolarization were obtained in four unique regions identified by echocardiography and compared between groups. Compared to resistant @entity1 , susceptible @entity1 were characterized by prolonged surface QT intervals (240 +/- 10 msec vs 222 +/- 7 msec, P = 0.04). In addition, they had lower baroreflex sensitivity (9.7 +/- 1.5 msec/mmHg vs 28 +/- 9.8 msec/mmHg, P < 0.01) and a tachycardic response to acute @entity0 suggesting higher propensity for stronger sympathetic reflexes. Surface @entity5 in susceptible @entity1 was due to a marked heterogeneity of endocardial left ventricular repolarization (239 +/- 42 msec, basal anterior wall vs 197 +/- 35, lateral wall; P < 0.001). Resistant animals had no regional differences in endocardial repolarization. CONCLUSION: Sympathetic activation following @entity2 not only produces adverse structural remodeling but also contributes to adverse electrophysiologic remodeling resulting in heterogeneous ventricular repolarization and in a myocardial substrate conducive to lethal reentrant @entity3 .

title: Heterogeneous regional endocardial repolarization is associated with increased risk for @entity0 -dependent XXXX after @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: A population-based, incidence cohort study was conducted. OBJECTIVE: To measure the incidence and prognosis for collision-related @entity2 before and after a change in the insurance compensation system. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity2 is a common and @entity3 . It also occurs after traffic collisions, but less is known about its frequency and recovery in this setting. METHODS: An incidence cohort of 4473 low back @entity0 was formed between July 1, 1994 and December 31, 1995 in Saskatchewan. On January 1, 1995 the public insurance system changed from a tort system to a no-fault system, eliminating compensation for @entity0 and suffering. The incidence of claims and the time to claim closure were calculated before and after this change. Prognostic models were built using baseline and follow-up data. RESULTS: The 6-month incidence of claims decreased from 256 to 176 per 100,000 after the insurance change. The median time to claim closure dropped from 505 days for tort claims to 210 days and 216 days for claims made during the first and second 6 months of the no-fault period. Improvements in bodily @entity0 and physical functioning and the absence of @entity1 were associated with faster claim closure. High @entity0 intensity, female gender, full-time employment, concentration problems, and lawyer involvement early in the claim process delayed claim closure. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 is a common traffic injury with a prolonged recovery. Its incidence and prognosis are affected by multiple factors, including the type of compensation system. Our study suggests that biopsychosocial factors are important in determining prognosis.

title: XXXX after traffic collisions: a population-based cohort study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The aim of the current study was to elucidate the effect of Kupffer cells inhibition on @entity3 induced by chronic @entity8 . @entity1 underwent bile duct ligation (BDL) or sham operation and were treated with either saline solution or @entity11 ( @entity13 , a specific Kupffer cell inhibitor, 20 mg/kg i.p. daily). Serum and liver samples were collected after 28 days. Direct and total @entity6 concentrations and serum enzyme activities of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), @entity5 aminotransferase (ALT), @entity4 aminotransferase (AST), and y-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) increased following BDL (p < 0.01). On the contrary to @entity6 concentrations and AST activity, @entity13 partially prevented the elevation in ALP, ALT and GGT enzyme activities (p < 0.05). @entity13 alleviated lipid peroxidation (reflected by @entity7 [ @entity9 ] concentration) and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes (i.e. @entity12 and @entity10 peroxidase) in liver samples after BDL (p < 0.05). @entity2 , ductular proliferation and portal @entity0 were also scored in liver samples. Among morphological changes appeared following BDL (i.e. marked @entity2 , portal @entity0 and ductular proliferation); only ductular proliferation was not alleviated by @entity13 . Therefore, Kupffer cells inhibition has beneficial effects against the development of @entity3 induced by chronic @entity8 .

title: @entity11 , a Kupffer cell inhibitor, attenuates @entity3 in a @entity1 model of chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 (As) @entity2 is a global health problem, affecting millions of @entity0 . Exposure to @entity5 , mostly via drinking water, has been associated with @entity1 of skin, lungs, and blood, in addition to several kinds of @entity3 . The present study focused on the effect of @entity7 ( @entity8 ) on normal skin fibroblast cells. Specifically, the effect of @entity8 on ROS generation and oxidative stress was investigated. Proteins involved in the DNA damage signaling pathway and cell cycle were also studied. @entity8 induced the generation of intracellular ROS. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed a dose-dependent increase in the number of @entity11 -positive cells, an indication of oxidative stress. Cell cycle analysis by flow cytometry demonstrated that @entity8 caused a significant percentage of cells to accumulate in the G0/G1 phase with a concomitant reduction in the S phase. Increases in the activated forms of DNA damage signaling proteins, ATM and ATR, and their effector molecules, @entity9 and @entity4 , were also observed. In addition, expression of oncogene @entity6 was also increased. The study shows that exposure of normal skin fibroblast cells to @entity8 could lead to cell cycle arrest through ATM/ATR and DNA damage signaling pathways. In conclusion, we report here that @entity7 increases cellular oxidative stress leading to shift in cell cycle and leads to DNA damage through ATM/ATR and the @entity10 -dependent signaling pathway.

title: XXXX induces ROS activity and DNA damage, leading to G0/G1 extension in skin fibroblasts through the ATM-ATR-associated @entity10 pathway.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background Delirium is an acute change in mental status characterized by sudden onset, fluctuating course, inattention, disorganized thinking, and abnormal level of consciousness. The objective of the randomized controlled trial "A STrategy to Reduce the Incidence of @entity2 in Elderly @entity0 " (STRIDE) is to assess the effectiveness of light versus heavy sedation on @entity3 and other outcomes in elderly @entity0 undergoing @entity1 repair surgery. Our goal is to describe the design considerations and lessons learned in planning and implementing the STRIDE trial. Methods Discussed are challenges encountered including (1) how to ensure that we quickly identify, assess the eligibility of, and randomize traumatic @entity1 @entity0 ; (2) how to implement interventions that involve continuous monitoring and adjustment during the surgery; and (3) how to measure and ascertain the primary outcome, @entity3 . Results To address the first challenge, we monitored the operating room schedule more actively than anticipated. We constructed and organized eligibility assessment data collection forms by purpose and by source of information needed to complete them. We decided that randomization needs to take place in the operating room. To address the second challenge, we designed and implemented a treatment protocol and covered the bispectral index monitor to prevent the Anesthesiologist/Anesthetist from being influenced by the bispectral index reading while administering the intervention. Finally, clinical assessment of @entity3 consisted of standardized interviews of the @entity0 using validated instruments, interviews of those caring for the @entity0 , and review of the medical record. A consensus panel made the final determination of a @entity3 diagnosis. We note that STRIDE is a single-center trial. The decisions we took may have different implications for multi-center trials. Conclusions Lessons learned are likely to provide useful information to others designing trials in emergency and surgical setting and for those who are interested in unbiased assessment of @entity3 .

title: Design considerations of a randomized controlled trial of sedation level during @entity1 repair surgery: a strategy to reduce the incidence of @entity2 in elderly XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) is approved for chronic @entity5 treatment, its mechanism of action is still unknown. @entity12 ( @entity12 ) commonly used to investigate @entity5 pathophysiology can be evoked by @entity3 . Here we investigated the reactivity of cranial dura to @entity3 , and the mechanism of BoNT/A action on @entity12 . EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: Since @entity6 are highly comorbid with @entity5 we employed a @entity2 model of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity1 induced by complete Freund's adjuvant ( @entity7 ). The @entity2 were treated with BoNT/A injections or @entity9 per os. @entity12 was investigated by Evans blue-plasma protein extravasation, cell histology and @entity10 ( @entity10 ) radioimmunoassay. BoNT/A enzymatic activity in dura was assessed by cleaved @entity11 ( @entity11 ) immunohistochemistry. KEY RESULTS: BoNT/A and @entity9 reduced the @entity7 -evoked peripheral allodynia and @entity12 . BoNT/A prevented the inflammatory cell infiltration, and counteracted the increase of @entity10 levels in dura. After toxin peripheral application, BoNT/A-cleaved @entity11 colocalized with @entity10 in intracranial dural nerve endings. Injection of axonal transport blocker @entity8 into trigeminal ganglion prevented the occurrence of cleaved @entity11 in dura. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Apparently, pericranially injected BoNT/A is taken up by local sensory nerve endings, axonally transported to trigeminal ganglion, and transcytosed to dural afferents. Colocalization of cleaved @entity11 and @entity5 mediator @entity10 in dura suggests that BoNT/A may prevent @entity12 by suppressing the @entity10 transmission. This might explain BoNT/A action in @entity1 as well as in @entity5 and some other @entity0 .

title: Botulinum toxin type A activity in cranial dura: implications for treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Stem cell transplantation is a promising therapeutic strategy to enhance axonal regeneration after @entity2 . Unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSC) isolated from @entity0 umbilical cord blood is an attractive stem cell population available at GMP grade without any ethical concerns. It has been shown that USSC transplantation into acute injured @entity1 spinal cords leads to axonal regrowth and significant locomotor recovery, yet lacking cell replacement. Instead, USSC secrete trophic factors enhancing neurite growth of primary cortical neurons in vitro. Here, we applied a functional secretome approach characterizing proteins secreted by USSC for the first time and validated candidate neurite growth promoting factors using primary cortical neurons in vitro. By mass spectrometric analysis and exhaustive bioinformatic interrogation we identified 1156 proteins representing the secretome of USSC. Using Gene Ontology we revealed that USSC secretome contains proteins involved in a number of relevant biological processes of nerve regeneration such as cell adhesion, cell motion, blood vessel formation, cytoskeleton organization and extracellular matrix organization. We found for instance that 31 well-known neurite growth promoting factors like, e.g., neuronal growth regulator 1, @entity5 , @entity3 and @entity4 span the whole abundance range of USSC secretome. By the means of primary cortical neurons in vitro assays we verified @entity3 and @entity4 as significantly involved in USSC mediated neurite growth and therewith underline their role in improved locomotor recovery after transplantation. From our data we are convinced that USSC are a valuable tool in regenerative medicine as the secretome contains a comprehensive network of trophic factors supporting nerve regeneration not only by a single process but also maintained its regenerative phenotype by a multitude of relevant biological processes.

title: Characterization of regenerative phenotype of unrestricted somatic stem cells from XXXX umbilical cord blood by functional secretome analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 and @entity2 (ASV; @entity6 ) are rare aortic pathologies and present in only a few percent of @entity0 with aorta and/or left @entity5 . Etiology of ASV and FVS is congenital and acquired. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 @entity0 (pts) were operated on in the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery and Transplantology from 1978 to 2002 due to pathology of Valsalva sinus (< 1% of all operations in ECC). 18 pts were diagnosed with @entity4 and 22 with its @entity2 . Inflammatory etiology was confirmed in 22 pts (5%). Most common pathology was localized in the right and/or coronary lacking Valsalva sinus (30 pts-75%). @entity6 penetrated into the right atrium or ventricle in 20 pts (91%). Among accompanying pathologies @entity3 was most frequently found. In 80% of pts with ASV aortic allografts were implanted. In 70% of pts with @entity6 , @entity2 was sutured with interrupted pledgeted mattress sutures. @entity1 were corrected simultaneously. Mechanical aortic valve was implanted in 9 pts. RESULTS: 2 pts died in the early post-operative period and 3 in the follow up. Reoperation (with good results) was performed in 4 pts. At discharge all pts were in NYHA I/II except 1 pt in NYHA III. Objective estimation of @entity0 's cardiopulmonary sufficiency did not differ from the subjective one. 24 pts performed normal life activities after operation. The echocardiography confirmed effectiveness of surgical treatment. CONCLUSION: 1. ASV and @entity6 require different surgical techniques. 2. Surgical treatment efficiently reduced symptoms. 3. Allografts were found very useful. 4. @entity1 should be treated simultaneously.

title: [Surgical treatment of @entity4 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To compare efficacy and cost of @entity2 cutaneous anesthesia by two jet injectors to routine needle infiltration for @entity1 relief of intravenous (i.v.) catheterization, hypothesizing that jet injection of @entity2 is less painful than its needle infiltration. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, controlled trial. SETTING: University hospital outpatient surgical unit. @entity0 : 75 surgical @entity0 ASA I and II. INTERVENTIONS: Three groups of 25 @entity0 each were given intradermal @entity2 anesthesia via conventional 25-gauge needle/syringe; by MedEJet or Biojector jet injector prior to IV catheterization with an 18-gauge Jelco catheter. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Visual analogue @entity1 scores (VAS) (0 = no @entity1 , 10 = intolerable @entity1 ) and subjective @entity1 intensity scores (PIS) (0 = not painful, 4 = intolerable @entity1 ) at @entity2 application and at i.v. catheterization, were recorded. Cost assessment of each method was made. At local anesthetic application, no @entity1 by proportion of VAS = 0 with MedEJet: 25/25 (confidence interval [CI]: 0.868, 0.999) and Biojector: 24/25 (CI 0.804, 0.991) was noted, but-22 of 25 @entity0 experienced @entity1 with needle administration: (with VAS = 0; 3/25 [CI: 0.044, 0.302]) (posterior probability [PP] > 0.999). The corresponding VAS scores (means +/- SD) were 0.00 +/- 0.00, 0.04 +/- 0.20, and 2.4 +/- 2.23 (p < 0.001). No @entity1 by proportion of PIS = 0 with MedEJet: 25/25 (CI: 0.868, 0.999 and Biojector: 23/25 (0.749, 0.976) was noted, but @entity1 in 20/25 was felt with the needle: 5/25 (CI: 0.090, 0.394) (PP > 0.999). The corresponding PIS scores were 0.00 +/- 0.00, 0.16 +/- 0.55, and 1.24 +/- 1.00 (p < 0.001). At i.v. catheterization, no @entity1 by proportion of VAS = 0 with MedEJet: 22/25 (CI: 0.698, 0.956) or Biojector: 21/25 (CI: 0.651, 0.934) was noted; but @entity1 in 19/25 with needle administration was experienced: 6/25 (CI: 0.116, 0.436) (PP > 0.999). The corresponding scores were 0.12 +/- 0.33, 0.44 +/- 0.20, and 1.64 +/- 1.50 (p < 0.001). No @entity1 by proportion of PIS = 0 with MedEJet: 24/25 (CI: 0.804, 0.991) or Biojector: 24/25 (CI: 0.804, 0.991) was noted, but @entity1 was apparent in 12/25 with needle administration: 13/25 (CI: 0.334, 0.701) (PP > 0.999). The corresponding scores were 0.00 +/- 0.00, 0.00 +/- 0.00, and 0.76 +/- 0.88 (p < 0.001). Cost per application: MedEJet =  0.13; needle/syringe =  0.50; Biojector =  0.94. CONCLUSIONS: Almost completely painless i.v. catheterization was carried out by jet injection of @entity2 , but needle infiltration produced discomfort or @entity1 and did not significantly reduce discomfort or @entity1 at the i.v. needle insertion.

title: Painless intravenous catheterization by intradermal jet injection of XXXX : a randomized trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The bactericidal machinery of @entity0 neutrophils is built up of many components with different chemical properties, involving proteins, peptides and @entity1 -dependent radicals. All these components work in synergy, leading to destruction and elimination of ingested microbes. During the eighties, it gradually became clear, that cationic peptides are a part of the @entity1 -independent bactericidal effectors in phagocytic cells. In mammals, these antimicrobial peptides are represented by two families, the defensins and the @entity4 . These potent broad spectra peptides are included as immediate effector molecules in innate immunity. The detailed killing mechanism for these effectors is partly known, but nearly all of them have membrane affinity, and permeate bacterial membranes, resulting in lysis of the bacteria. This peptide-membrane interaction includes also eukaryotic membranes, that implicates cytotoxic effects on host cells. Studies in vitro have established that the microenvironment is critical for their activities. In connection to cystic @entity2 , the effects of microenvironment changes are apparent, causing inactivation of peptide defences and leading to repeated serious @entity3 . Thus, the importance of the microenvironment is also supported in vivo. Additional functions of these peptides such as chemotactic, mitogenic and stimulatory in the wound healing process suggest further important roles for these peptides.

title: Neutrophil antibacterial peptides, multifunctional effector molecules in the XXXX immune system.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 often presents initially with @entity4 . Borreliae may disseminate from the primary @entity1 , and different organs and systems could be affected. Borrelia strains were isolated from blood of 70 @entity0 with @entity3 , including 10 @entity0 from whom borreliae were also isolated from skin. The aim of the present study was to characterise the isolates with regard to their phenotypic and genotypic characteristics. Borreliae were cultivated in MKP medium. Species identification and plasmid profiles were determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and protein profiles by SDS-PAGE. Digestion of @entity2 sensu lato DNA showed 63 (90%) @entity5 Mla1 and 7 (10%) @entity6 Mlg2. No @entity2 were isolated. Borreliae were isolated from both skin and blood of 10 @entity0 , nine pairs of isolates were identical: seven @entity5 and two @entity6 . @entity5 was isolated from the skin and @entity6 from blood of the tenth @entity0 . All but one isolate possessed at least one large plasmid and varying numbers of smaller plasmids. Eight (11.4%) of 70 isolates possessed an unusual plasmid profile (2 of 63 @entity5 and 6 of 7 @entity6 ). Borreliae differed in their protein profiles. OspA and OspB proteins were expressed by all @entity5 isolates; 85.7% of @entity6 isolates expressed OspA and 71.4% expressed OspB. OspC was expressed by 65% of @entity5 isolates and all @entity6 isolates. The ratios of @entity5 and @entity6 isolated from blood and skin were similar. These results do not support the hypothesis that @entity6 has a higher propensity for haematogenous dissemination than B. afzelii. Antigen diversity as well as species and plasmid heterogeneity could play a role in the pathogenesis of the infection, suggesting distinctive strain organotropism.

title: Genotypic and phenotypic characterisation of XXXX sensu lato strains isolated from @entity0 blood.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Topotecan is a topoisomerase (Topo) I inhibitor used in @entity2 chemotherapy. Topo I inhibitors are thought to be more cytotoxic using protracted schedules of administration. We tested this hypothesis on a preclinical model: @entity0 @entity2 OVCAR-3 implanted i.p. @entity1 were treated i.p. with a total dose of topotecan of 12.5 mg/kg delivered in 1, 5, 10, 20, 40, or 80 daily injections. The @entity3 was maximal when the total dose was delivered within 5 and 10 days of treatment. However, the efficacy was the greatest (all of the @entity1 cured) in the 20-day schedule using 0.625 mg/kg/day, hence, making this latter schedule the most efficient without any major @entity3 . A pharmacokinetic study was conducted to identify parameters related to the efficacy and @entity3 of topotecan in our model. The use of a population pharmacokinetic approach allowed us to define a therapeutic window: maintaining plasma concentrations above 0.2 microM for >10 h was necessary for an optimal antitumor effect and avoiding plasma concentrations >0.7 microM allowed a manageable @entity3 . Finally, Topo I activity was monitored in ascites from animals treated with different topotecan administration schedules. The optimal schedule defined above allowed for sustained inhibition of Topo I activity associated with a greater antitumor activity. These in vivo data constitute a rationale for clinical studies testing this type of administration.

title: Schedule-dependent activity of topotecan in OVCAR-3 XXXX xenograft: pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic evaluation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional PTCA for the treatment of @entity2 is associated with a high rate of recurrence (30-50%). Primary stenting decreases the @entity3 rate at long-term follow-up. METHODS: One-hundred consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 received a Bard XT stent. Follow-up angiography was performed after 6 months. Angiograms were compared by means of computed quantitative analysis. RESULTS: The mean pretreatment reference diameter was 2.88 +/- 0.51 mm. The mean @entity4 ( @entity4 ) increased from 1.09 +/- 0.57 mm to 2.70 +/- 0.44 mm. The percent diameter stenosis decreased from 66 +/- 13% to 15 +/- 10%. The procedural success rate was 99%. At 6 month follow-up repeat angiography was performed in 86 @entity0 . The mean @entity4 was 1.74 +/- 0.67 mm with a mean diameter stenosis of 41 +/- 20%. @entity1 were reported in 29% of @entity0 . In-stent @entity3 (defined as diameter stenosis of more than 50%) occurred in 18% of the @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Placement of the Bard XT stent in @entity2 is feasible, has an excellent short term outcome and yields a favorable result at 6 month follow-up angiography.

title: Stenting for XXXX with the BARD XT stent.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 has a wide spectrum of immunological and clinical manifestations. Its course is characterised by exacerbations which may result in mortality or morbidity to vital organs/systems. OBJECTIVE: To determine clear and early prognostic markers to avoid further complications. METHODS: 245 adult @entity0 diagnosed between January 1978 and March 2001 were studied. Clinical manifestations and laboratory findings both at onset and during the clinical course were collected. The number, type, and severity of the flares were also noted. Statistical analyses between disease features at onset, subsequent flares, and mortality were performed. RESULTS: 239 @entity0 entered the study. Their mean age at onset was 30 years. The mean time between onset and diagnosis was 36 months and the mean evolution time was 114 months. 205 @entity0 developed 915 flares; 205 (22.4%) of these flares were major flares, and affected 110 @entity0 . Cardiac, neurological, or renal affection at onset were associated with a higher probability of developing cardiac (p=0.022), neurological (p<0.001), and renal (p<0.001) exacerbations, respectively, during the evolution. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) were predictors of @entity2 (aCL, p=0.000; @entity5 , p=0.001). Age at diagnosis (p=0.003) and @entity3 at onset (p=0.008) were independent predictors of low survival. CONCLUSIONS: Renal, cardiac, or neurological involvement and the presence of @entity5 or aCL positivity at onset were predictors of @entity1 , respectively. Age and valvular involvement at onset were found to be independent adverse outcome predictors for low survival.

title: Contribution of the initial features of XXXX to the clinical evolution and survival of a cohort of Mediterranean @entity0 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In addition to the DNA contributed by sperm and oocytes, embryos receive parent-specific epigenetic information that can include histone variants, histone post-translational modifications (PTMs), and DNA methylation. However, a global view of how such marks are erased or retained during gamete formation and reprogrammed after fertilization is lacking. To focus on features conveyed by histones, we conducted a large-scale proteomic identification of histone variants and PTMs in sperm and mixed-stage embryo chromatin from @entity0 , a species that lacks conserved DNA methylation pathways. The fate of these histone marks was then tracked using immunostaining. Proteomic analysis found that sperm harbor    2.4 fold lower levels of histone PTMs than embryos and revealed differences in classes of PTMs between sperm and embryos. Sperm chromatin repackaging involves the incorporation of the sperm-specific histone H2A variant @entity1 , a widespread erasure of histone acetylation, and the retention of histone methylation at sites that mark the transcriptional history of chromatin domains during spermatogenesis. After fertilization, we show @entity1 and 6 histone PTM marks distinguish sperm and oocyte chromatin in the new embryo and characterize distinct paternal and maternal histone remodeling events during the oocyte-to-embryo transition. These include the exchange of histone H2A that is marked by ubiquitination, retention of @entity1 , removal of the H2A variant @entity2 , and differential reprogramming of histone PTMs. This work identifies novel and conserved features of paternal chromatin that are specified during spermatogenesis and processed in the embryo. Furthermore, our results show that different species, even those with diverged DNA packaging and imprinting strategies, use conserved histone modification and removal mechanisms to reprogram epigenetic information.

title: The Specification and Global Reprogramming of Histone Epigenetic Marks during Gamete Formation and Early Embryo Development in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Plant @entity8 reductase(HMGR; EC 1.1.1.34) and @entity3 - @entity4 synthase (SPS; EC 2.4.1.14) and synthetic peptides designed from the known phosphorylation sites of plant HMGR (SAMS*: KSHMKYNRSTKDVK), @entity0 @entity11 carboxylase (SAMS: HMRSAMSGLHLVKRR), @entity9 SPS (SP2: GRRJRRISSVEJJDKK), and @entity9 @entity7 : @entity6 reductase (NR6: GPTLKRTASTPFJNTTSK) were used to characterize kinase activities from cauliflower ( @entity10 . ) inflorescences. The three major peaks of protein kinase activity resolved by anion-exchange FPLC are homologs of those observed previously in @entity9 leaves and thus are designated PKI, PKIV, and PKIII, listed in order of elution. PKIV was the most active in terms of phosphorylation and inactivation of recombinant Nicotiana HMGR and was also strictly @entity1 dependent. The novel aspects are that PKIII has not been detected in previous cauliflower studies, that SAMS* is a more specific peptide substrate to identify potential HMGR kinases, and that the major HMGR kinase in cauliflower is @entity1 dependent. Of the three major kinases that phosphorylated the SP2 peptide only PKI (partially @entity1 sensitive) and PKIII ( @entity1 insensitive) inactivated native @entity9 leaf SPS. Cauliflower extracts contained endogenous SPS that was inactivated by endogenous kinase(s) in an @entity2 -dependent manner and this may be one of the substrate target proteins for PKI and/or PKIII. The substrate specificity of the three kinase peaks was studied using synthetic peptide variants of the SP2 sequence. All three kinases had a strong preference for peptides with a basic residue at P-6 (as in SP2 and SAMS*; SAMS has a free @entity5 terminus at this position) or a Pro at P-7 (as in NR6). This requirement for certain residues at P-6 or P-7 was not recognized in earlier studies but appears to be a general requirement. In plant HMGR, a conserved His residue at P-6 is involved directly in catalysis and this may explain why substrates reduced HMGR phosphorylation in vitro.

title: @entity8 reductase kinase and XXXX - @entity4 synthase kinase activities in cauliflower florets: @entity1 dependence and substrate specificities.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Foot @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 present an increasing burden to healthcare. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a well established treatment option for many of these @entity2 , but little seems to be known about the final outcome once healing has been reached. The study examined healing and final outcome after @entity4 treatment among @entity0 with @entity1 . During a 22-month period, 15 consecutive @entity0 with a total of 17 @entity2 started treatment with a @entity4 . Three @entity0 (three @entity2 ) were lost to @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Average @entity5 was 91 weeks. The @entity0 were followed with emphasis on healing, complications during @entity5 , footwear, compliance, and frequency of visits. All @entity2 healed, some after additional surgery. During @entity5 , control visits were performed at an average of one visit every 4.7 weeks. Notwithstanding this, a high frequency of @entity2 and/or other complications was noticed. Only four @entity0 out of 12 remained without any new ( @entity2 ) problem during @entity5 . @entity4 proved to be a very efficient tool to heal @entity3 , but the recurrence rate and frequency of other complications remained very high. These data show how difficult it is to achieve reliable (secondary) preventive general foot care, and to prescribe and manufacture reliable footwear.

title: Outcome and recurrence rate of diabetic foot ulcers treated by a total contact cast: short-term XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity6 are minichromosome maintenance proteins found in dividing cells and they play a role in DNA synthesis. Increased @entity7 expression level is observed in cells of different @entity1 types. Additionally, metallothioneins ( @entity8 ) are involved in control of cell proliferation and differentiation and changes of their expression are observed in many types of @entity1 . Ki-67 is known @entity1 cell proliferation antigen currently used in prognostic evaluation. The study material consisted of 83 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) cases and 10 benign @entity2 of larynx epithelium as a control group. For the present study, @entity1 cell line HEp-2 and @entity0 keratinocytes were employed, and to evaluate expression of all the markers, immunohistochemical method (IHC), immunofluorescence (IF) and western blot analysis were used. Statistical analysis showed strong positive correlation between expression of @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity6 and Ki-67 antigen in @entity3 . Additionally, moderate positive correlation was observed between @entity5 and @entity8 expression. In @entity1 cells, the level of expression of @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity6 and Ki-67 markers was increasing with the grade of @entity3 . IF and western blot analysis showed higher @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity6 expression in HEp-2 cells in comparison to their expression in keratinocytes. @entity7 proteins might be useful markers of cell proliferation in @entity3 .

title: Correlation between levels of expression of minichromosome maintenance proteins, Ki-67 proliferation antigen and metallothionein I/II in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is one important cause of @entity4 in Latin America. @entity1 may be a factor of decompensation in the course of this disease, but there are no data on its prevalence and its main prognostic implications yet. OBJECTIVE: Describe prevalence and prognostic value of @entity1 in @entity2 . METHODS: 56 @entity0 with @entity2 were consecutively selected by two positive serologies and an ejection fraction < 45% in the echocardiogram. The echocardiogram evaluated the presence of @entity5 using 3 criteria and @entity6 using 1 criterion. @entity0 were followed for 21    14 months and @entity3 were defined as the combination of death and hospitalization. RESULTS: The average age of the population was 56    10 years, 50% males. Mean ejection fraction was 30    8% and 87% presented functional class I/II (NYHA). The prevalence of @entity6 was 34% (95% CI: 22%-48%) and @entity5 had a prevalence of 85% (95% CI: 75%-93%). The prevalence of @entity5 was similar among @entity0 with QRS duration < 0.12 s or > 0.12 s (85% and 89%, respectively, p = 0.66). Twenty events were recorded. The incidence of combined events was similar in @entity0 with or without @entity5 (35% versus 38%, p = 0.9) and those with or without @entity6 (39% versus 34%, p = 0.73). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity2 have high intraventricular and moderate interventricular prevalence of dyssynchrony. The high prevalence is independent from the QRS width. The @entity1 does not have any prognostic value in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Prevalence and prognostic value of XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity1