abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ), particularly @entity4 ( @entity4 ), is a @entity8 , because these @entity0 are at increased risk of @entity7 . @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have rarely been described in this setting. We evaluated 14 cases of NEN arising in a setting of @entity2 . All of the @entity1 arose in areas involved by @entity2 , and all showed immunohistochemical or ultrastructural evidence of neuroendocrine differentiation. The cohort included seven @entity0 and seven @entity0 (range, 28-71 yr; median, 43 yr). Eight @entity0 had @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and six had @entity4 . Duration of disease ranged from 4 months to 50 years (median, 15 yr), with one of unknown duration. Of the eight @entity0 with @entity3 , five had @entity3 , one had @entity13 , one had @entity10 , and in one case, the extent of disease was unknown. Of the six @entity0 with @entity4 , four had extensive @entity4 , one had left-sided @entity4 , and the extent of @entity4 was unknown in one case. Reasons for surgery included @entity3 complications (five @entity0 ), refractory disease (three @entity0 ), @entity9 / @entity5 (five @entity0 ), and @entity6 (one @entity0 ). The @entity1 were well differentiated in 11 cases and poorly differentiated mixed @entity11 in 3 cases. @entity1 sites included the rectum (six cases), appendix (four cases), small bowel (two cases), and sigmoid colon (two cases). High-grade @entity9 was present in adjacent mucosa in four cases, and low-grade @entity9 was present in distant mucosa in two cases. Two @entity0 with poorly differentiated @entity1 died from the disease at 3 and 11 months after @entity1 excision. All of the other @entity0 were alive without @entity1 as of last follow-up. We concluded that @entity1 rarely arise in a setting of @entity2 . Most are well-differentiated @entity1 and are clinically indolent. @entity9 is found in adjacent mucosa in more than one-third of cases, suggesting that neuroendocrine differentiation might evolve from multipotential cells in @entity12 .

title: XXXX arising in @entity2 : a report of 14 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Complex urological reconstruction may be facilitated by the improved magnification and dexterity provided by a robotic approach. Minimally invasive surgery also has the potential advantages of decreased length of stay and improved convalescence. We reviewed perioperative and short-term outcomes between robot-assisted and open @entity2 sling/repair with catheterizable channel in @entity0 with @entity2 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed an institutional review board approved retrospective chart review of all @entity0 who underwent open or robotic @entity2 reconstruction without augmentation cystoplasty for refractory urinary @entity1 between 2010 and 2014. Age at surgery, operative time, length of stay, complications within 30 days of surgery and future continence procedures (injection of @entity2 /catheterizable channel, additional @entity2 surgery, botulinum toxin A injection) were compared between the groups. RESULTS: A total of 45 @entity0 underwent @entity2 reconstruction (open in  26, robotic in 19) with a mean follow up of 2.8 years. There was no difference in preoperative urodynamics, age at surgery or length of stay (median 4 days in each group, p >0.9). Operative time was significantly longer in the robotic group (8.2 vs 4.5 hours, p <0.001). Three @entity0 (16%) undergoing robotic and 3 (12%) undergoing open surgery had a complication within 30 days (p >0.9). Of @entity0 undergoing open repair 14 (56%) underwent 23 subsequent surgeries for @entity1 . By comparison, 8 @entity0 undergoing robotic repair (42%) underwent 12 additional procedures (p = 0.5). CONCLUSIONS: Although a robotic approach may take longer to perform, it does not result in increased complications or length of stay, or worsened continence outcomes.

title: Perioperative and Short-Term Outcomes of Robotic vs Open Bladder Neck Procedures for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This pilot study was undertaken to evaluate the short-term in vitro antimicrobial stability of both @entity1 - and @entity2 -impregnated @entity0 pellets mixed and stored in a clinical setting. Powdered @entity2 (500 mg) and @entity1 (500 mg) were blended into separate basins containing 25 g of surgical-grade @entity0 powder, then mixed with 8 mL of sterile saline. From this admixture, 6.0-mm pellets were produced. These were removed from the sterile container (stored at room temperature) at 1, 7, 30, 60, 90, and 120 days and tested against a variety of pathogenic bacterial isolates by using a modification of the standardized Kirby-Bauer test. Control pellets containing no antibiotic were also evaluated. There was no inhibition of bacterial growth by the non-antibiotic-impregnated (control) pellets. There was no appreciable difference in the zones of inhibition for any of the organisms with pellets stored for 1, 7, 30, 60, 90, or 120 days. Zones of inhibition for the various antibiotics to the strain of organism tested ranged from 17 mm to 30 mm, depending on the pathogenic isolate and the antibiotic evaluated. The zones of inhibition observed were similar to those designating antibiotic susceptibility in the Kirby-Bauer test. The results of this preliminary study suggest that clinician-mixed @entity0 pellets containing either @entity1 or @entity2 , when stored under normal room temperature and ambient humidity, appear to maintain their antimicrobial characteristics for at least 120 days.

title: What is the shelf life of physician-mixed antibiotic-impregnated XXXX pellets?

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 -derived radicals are cytotoxic, highly reactive molecules that contribute to cellular death and injury in @entity3 . @entity1 released into the plasma in @entity3 may contribute to cellular damage by catalyzing lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. @entity5 ( @entity7 ) chelation of transitional metal ions prevents formation of these radicals and may diminish @entity6 . The conjugation of @entity7 to pentastarch (PS) decreases @entity7 @entity2 and extends its half-life making it a potentially useful resuscitative fluid. A porcine @entity3 model was used to evaluate the effects of five resuscitative fluids on survival and hepatic function. @entity4 (11-16 kg) underwent splenectomy, liver biopsy, and placement of arterial and venous catheters. Awake animals were bled at 1 ml/kg/min to a MAP of 45 mm Hg, maintained for 1 hr, and resuscitated over 30 min with one of five fluids: Lactated Ringer's (LR); LR + free @entity7 2.5 mg/ml (LR + @entity7 ) (n = 6); 5% PS in LR (PS) (n = 6); 5% PS + free @entity7 (PS + @entity7 ) 7.5 mg/ml (n = 6); 5% PS/ @entity7 conjugate (7.5 mg/ml) in LR (n = 6). LR and LR + @entity7 received 3 ml/ml shed blood; PS, PS + @entity7 , and PS/ @entity7 received 1 ml/ml shed blood. No shed blood was returned to the animals. There was no significant differences between groups in MAP, HR, CVP, and T pre- and post-resuscitation. No LR lived to sacrifice at 24 hr. Thirty-three percent of LR + @entity7 and PS + @entity7 animals died within minutes of receiving the free @entity7 containing resuscitative fluid, presumably from acute @entity7 @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity1 chelation with a @entity5 conjugate in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Increasing studies suggest the importance of including prospective memory measures in clinical evaluation of @entity2 due to its sensitivity and functional relevance. The Prospective and Retrospective Memory Questionnaire (PRQM) is originally a self-rated memory inventory that offers a direct comparison between prospective and episodic memory. However, the informant's report has been recognized as a more valid source of cognitive complaints. We thus aimed to examine the validity of the informant-rated form of the PRMQ in assessing memory function of the @entity0 and in detecting individuals with early @entity2 . The informants of 140 neurological outpatients with memory complaints completed the Taiwan version of the PRMQ. Tests of prospective memory, short-term memory, and general cognitive ability were also administered to non-demented @entity0 and @entity0 with early stages of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Results showed significant relationships between the PRMQ ratings and objective cognitive measures, and showed that higher ratings on the PRMQ were associated with increasing odds of greater @entity2 severity. Receiver operative characteristic (ROC) curves showed an adequate ability of the PRMQ to identify @entity0 with @entity2 (93% sensitivity and 84% specificity). Hierarchical regression revealed that the PRMQ has additional explanatory power for @entity2 status after controlling for age, education and objective memory test results, and that the prospective memory subscale owns predictive value for @entity2 beyond the retrospective memory subscale. The present study demonstrated the external validity and diagnostic value of informants' evaluation of their respective @entity0 ' prospective and retrospective memory functioning, and highlighted the important role of prospective memory in early @entity2 detection. The proxy-version of the PRMQ is a useful tool that captures prospective and episodic @entity3 in @entity0 with early @entity1 , in combination with standardized cognitive testing.

title: The clinical utility of informants' appraisals on prospective and retrospective memory in XXXX with early @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunotherapies targeting cellular immunity are currently approved for treatment of @entity5 , @entity8 , and @entity4 . Studies on the immunogenicity and immune responsiveness of @entity2 are limited, therefore, it remains unclear to what extent T-cell-based immunotherapy holds promise for pediatric @entity2 . PROCEDURE: A new @entity7 cell line (M3-9-M) was derived from an @entity10 ( @entity10 ) occurring in a C57BL/6 @entity3 transgenic for hepatocyte growth factor and heterozygous for mutated @entity6 . @entity2 and @entity1 derived from M3-9-M were studied for similarities to @entity0 @entity10 , and for immunogenicity and immune responsiveness. RESULTS: Primary and @entity1 develop after orthotopic injection of M3-9-M into immunocompetent C57BL/6 @entity3 , which mirror @entity0 @entity10 with regard to histology, gene expression, and metastatic behavior. Whole cell vaccination using irradiated M3-9-M cells or M3-9-M-pulsed dendritic cells (DC)-induced @entity2 -specific T-cell responses that prevent @entity2 growth following low-dose @entity2 injection, and slow @entity2 growth following higher doses. Administration of anti- @entity11 moAbs to deplete @entity9 (+) @entity11 (+)FOXP3(+) regulatory T cells prior to @entity2 vaccination enhanced the potency of the @entity2 vaccine. Adoptive immunotherapy with M3-9-M primed T cells plus DC-based vaccination resulted in complete eradication of day 10 M3-9-M derived @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: M3-9-M derived @entity3 @entity10 is immunogenic and immunoresponsive; regulatory T cells contribute to immune evasion by @entity3 @entity7 . Adoptive immunotherapy with DC vaccination can eradicate low @entity2 burdens. Future work will seek to identify the @entity2 -associated antigens that mediate protective and therapeutic immunity in this model.

title: @entity3 XXXX is immunogenic and responsive to T-cell-based immunotherapy.

answer: @entity7


abstract: A 29-year-old @entity0 was admitted in March 1998 due to high plasma ACTH levels, @entity4 and uncontrolled @entity1 ( @entity1 ) which had persisted since 1991. Plasma ACTH levels showed a wide range of changes: they were usually high (59-240 pg/ml), intermittently very high (336-942 pg/ml), and sometimes normal or low. Plasma @entity2 levels were usually normal but were sometimes high when the ACTH levels were very high. However, even when the plasma ACTH levels were very high, she did not show any cushingoid features. @entity1 was diagnosed as non-insulin-dependent @entity1 . Plasma ACTH showed an excessive response to CRH, while @entity2 showed a delayed response. Plasma @entity2 showed a poor response to ACTH-(1-24). @entity5 gene analysis revealed no mutations in the @entity5 -coding region. MRI showed a nonenhancing mass on the left side of the pituitary. Cavernous sinus sampling showed a very high plasma ACTH level in the left cavernous sinus compared with the levels in the right cavernous sinus and peripheral blood. Sephadex G-75 gel filtration of plasma ACTH immunoreactivity in plasma obtained by cavernous sinus sampling showed mainly high molecular forms of ACTH, probably proopiomelanocortin and ACTH-beta-lipotropin. This case is a very rare form of @entity3 showing intermittent secretion of high molecular ACTH unaccompanied by cushingoid features.

title: XXXX showing intermittent secretion of high molecular weight adrenocorticotropin without evidence of Cushing's disease.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The present study examined the distributions of @entity2 mRNA and @entity3 mRNA in the central nervous system (CNS) of the @entity1 by using in situ hybridization histochemistry. These connexins are the best studied gap junction proteins; @entity3 forms direct cell-cell channels in the liver, as does @entity2 in the heart. There was a differential distribution of cells containing @entity3 mRNA compared with the population of cells which contained @entity2 mRNA, thus implying a regional specificity in the expression of connexins in the CNS. Cells containing @entity2 mRNA were uniformly distributed throughout the gray matter of the neuraxis. Several areas had a higher concentration of cells that express @entity2 , such as layer IA of the piriform cortex, supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamus, anterior cortical amygdaloid nucleus, the reticular part of the substantia nigra, lateral habenula, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus. Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, facial nucleus, prepositus hypoglossal nucleus, and dorsal cochlear nucleus. The pattern of @entity2 hybridization and the morphology of @entity2 mRNA containing cells suggest that this gap junction forming protein is found predominantly in astrocytes. @entity3 mRNA was detected in discrete cell groups of the gray matter that appeared to be neurons, including cells in layer 2 of the neocortex, layer II of the piriform cortex, pyramidal cell layer of the hippocampus, granule and polymorphic cell layers of the dentate gyrus, islands of Calleja, olfactory tubercle, lateral thalamic nuclei, lateral habenula, and Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellar cortex. A large population of cells in white matter tracts that were labelled with the @entity3 riboprobe appeared to be oligodendrocytes. These studies suggest that neurons and glial cells express @entity3 mRNA, but only astrocytes express @entity2 mRNA. Many of the areas in which connexin mRNAs were demonstrated have electrically coupled cells, morphologically distinct gap junction plaques, and/or have immunocytochemically identifiable connexin proteins. These results indicate that cells with mRNAs coding for intercellular channels have a widespread distribution in the @entity0 CNS.

title: Distribution of mRNAs coding for liver and heart gap junction proteins in the XXXX central nervous system.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Acute @entity1 is a serious complication of diagnostic and therapeutic Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). In addition, serum pancreatic enzymes increase without symptoms in about 40-50% of @entity0 undergoing these endoscopic procedures. In order to evaluate the efficacy of @entity2 in the prevention of these complications, we performed this randomised, prospective study. METHODOLOGY: We studied 73 @entity0 (31 males, 42 females), mean age 63.3 +/- 12.9 years (range 28-87 yrs). The @entity0 were randomly allocated into two groups (A and B). Group A (37 @entity0 ) was given 0.1 mg of @entity2 subcutaneously 30 min before and 8 and 16 hours after the procedure, and group B (36 @entity0 ) was given a placebo. Serum amylase was measured 30 min before and 3 and 6 hrs after ERCP. All @entity0 were subjected to ultrasonography for signs of @entity1 . There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups concerning age, sex and indication for ERCP. Endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) was performed in 14 @entity0 of group A and 10 @entity0 of group B. RESULTS: There were 4 cases of acute @entity1 in each group and the mean serum amylase at 3 and 6 hrs was comparable (494/676 and 429/582 IU/L, respectively). In comparing @entity0 who were subjected to either diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP, there was no statistically significant difference concerning episodes of acute @entity1 and the level of serum amylase. CONCLUSION: @entity2 does not seem to prevent acute @entity1 and hyperamylasaemia after diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP.

title: The effect of @entity2 on the prevention of acute XXXX and hyperamylasemia after diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: Graded exercise testing (GXT) is used in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) prevention and rehabilitation programs. In @entity0 , this test has a decreased accuracy and predictive value but there are few studies that examine the predictors of a verified positive test. The aim of this study was to determine those pretest variables that might enhance the predictive value of the GXT in @entity0 clients. METHODS: Medical records of 1761 @entity0 referred for GXT's over a 5 yr period of time were screened. Demographic, medical, and exercise test variables were analyzed. The GXT's of 403 @entity0 were available for inclusion and they were stratified into 3 groups: positive responders that were subsequently shown to have @entity4 (N.=28 verified positive [VP]), positive responders that were not shown to have @entity4 (N.=84 non-verified positive [NVP]) and negative GXT responders (N.=291). Both univariate and a multivariate step-wise regression statistics were performed on this data. RESULTS: Pretest variables that differentiated between VP and NVP groups are: (an older age=65.8 vs. 60.2 yrs. P<0.05; a greater BMI=30.8 vs. 28.8 kg/m2; @entity1 status or an elevated fasting @entity3 =107.4 vs. 95.2 mg/dL P<0.05; and the use of some cardiovascular medications. Our subsequent linear regression analysis emphasized that HDL @entity2 and beta blocker usage were the most predictive of a positive exercise test in this cohort. CONCLUSION: The American Heart Association recommends GXT's in @entity0 with an intermediate pretest probability of @entity4 . But there are only two clinical variables available prior to testing to make this probability decision: age and quality of @entity5 . This study outlined that other pre-exercise test variables such as: BMI, blood chemistry ( @entity3 and lipoprotein levels) and the use of cardiovascular medications are useful in clinical decision making. These pre-exercise test variables improved the predictive value of the GXT's in our sample.

title: Pretest variables that improve the predictive value of exercise testing in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We describe 2 cases of angioblastoma, a rare, destructive @entity1 , treated with interferon alfa 2b (IFNalpha2b). The first @entity0 is a 10-month-old male who presented with an @entity7 that could not be completely resected. The second is a male neonate with a @entity1 of the right hand that invaded the hypothenar eminence, destroying the fourth and fifth metacarpals. Biopsy in both @entity0 was interpreted as @entity5 . Angioblastoma is rare; there is only 1 reported case that necessitated amputation of an @entity3 , also initially recommended for our @entity0 . Because there is little experience with chemotherapy, permission was granted to employ an antiangiogenic regimen of IFNalpha2b. The angiogenic protein, @entity2 ( @entity2 ), was abnormally elevated in both @entity0 . Both @entity0 received IFNalpha2b. In the first @entity0 , it was used after incomplete resection, because biopsy-proven @entity1 was present at the margin and in the nasopharynx. Biopsies 15 months after initiation of IFN2alphab were negative for @entity1 . Therapy was stopped after 3 years. Eighteen months later, the @entity0 remains disease-free. In the second @entity0 , IFNalpha2b was started after debridement of the @entity1 . Over 11 months, the @entity1 completely regressed and there was bony regeneration of the metacarpals. The fifth digit was amputated because of damage to the metacarpophalangeal joint by the @entity1 . IFNalpha2b therapy was discontinued after 1 year of treatment, and the @entity0 remains disease-free 2 years and 8 months later. In conclusion, this report demonstrates that: 1) a @entity2 -overexpressing low-grade @entity1 can respond to IFNalpha2b in a manner similar to life-threatening @entity6 , 2) urinary @entity2 levels can help guide @entity4 dosage in such @entity0 , and 3) although @entity2 -mediated @entity1 angiogenesis is inhibited by @entity4 , physiologic angiogenesis seems to be unaffected.

title: Successful antiangiogenic therapy of XXXX with interferon alfa 2b: report of 2 cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: IgA @entity1 leads young @entity0 to dialysis more often than other @entity1 , because often diagnosis and therapy are made late. Nephrologists waive to treat @entity6 pts with chronic @entity2 , believing that treatment may not be effective and safe. Moreover, studies in @entity6 pts with @entity2 are lacking. Small studies seem to indicate a possible utility of RAS blockers and @entity3 in these @entity0 . Recently, VALIGA study showed that @entity3 and immunosuppressants were more frequently used in pts with @entity4 <30  ml/min than in those with @entity4 >30  ml/min (60 vs. 44  %, respectively; p  =  0.004). The goal of treating @entity6 pts is to obtain a time-average @entity5 <1  g/day, regardless of the degree of renal function and histological damage. RASB and @entity3 seem to be able to obtain this result. However, it's important to pay attention to the appearance of adverse events of CS. In the literature, major side effects occurred in 29 of 463 (6.2  %) @entity0 enrolled in RCTs. However, scarce informations are obtained about the safety of CS in @entity0 with @entity2 . To better evaluate this aspect, we considered three studies, that used similar schemes of therapy and included @entity0 with different degrees of renal function (1: GFR 90  ml/min/1.73  m(2), 2: 81  ml/min/1.73  m(2), 3: 34  ml/min/1.73  m(2)). The occurrence of adverse events increased with the worsening of renal function (2.3, 5.7 and 15.4  % in studies 1, 2 and 3 respectively). The aim of the treatment for a @entity0 with an @entity4 <30 is to slow the progression and to delay the need for dialysis. Therefore, in stage CKD 2, 3 and 4 with a @entity5 >1  g/day a 6-month course of @entity3 could be useful and safe.

title: Treatment of XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Survivin is a new member of the inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAP) family, selectively overexpressed in common @entity0 @entity1 but not in normal adult tissues, and associated with @entity4 of the disease and unfavorable outcomes. Recent study also found that survivin expression is associated with cell proliferation. In order to gain insight into the role of survivin in @entity2 , we investigated the expression of survivin in a group of @entity2 , and examined the relationship of its expression with cell proliferation and clinical outcome. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed in 103 cases of @entity2 . Twenty-six of the 103 cases were evaluated by Western blot analysis. The results showed that survivin overexpression was detected in 21.2% (7 of 33) of @entity1 , 47.8% (11 of 23) of borderline @entity1 , and 51.1% (24 of 47) of @entity2 . The positive ratio was significantly higher in malignant or borderline @entity1 than in @entity1 , and the overexpression of survivin was significantly correlated with the size of @entity3 . A positive correlation between survivin expression and proliferative activity of @entity1 cell measured by @entity5 index was found. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated that the @entity0 with survivin overexpression have a short overall survival. These findings suggest that survivin overexpression may play a pivotal role in the progression of @entity2 and may provide an important prognostic implication for epithelial @entity2 .

title: Survivin expression and its correlation with cell proliferation and prognosis in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: New specific markers of @entity2 have been developed that allow the evaluation of bone formation (plasma levels of osteocalcin and bone alkaline phosphatases) or bone resorption (collagen crosslink levels in urine). These markers can be used to evaluate @entity2 . Their best application is currently in @entity1 , where there is a broad spectrum of @entity2 . In @entity0 with this disease, bone markers can obviate the need for bone biopsy. So far, bone alkaline phosphatase is the most sensitive and specific marker for predicting the type of @entity2 and therefore for deciding treatment in dialysed @entity0 , although it is not ideal. Bone markers have also allowed a dramatic improvement in the comprehensive approach to @entity5 with @entity6 in @entity0 . Monitoring of the marked @entity2 , and its persistence, in older @entity0 after menopause may help in the design of treatment strategies for @entity3 . There is some hope that the measurement of urinary levels of collagen crosslinks will help to predict the clinical outcome of @entity3 with respect to @entity4 in postmenopausal @entity0 . Bone markers could, besides being a measurement of bone density, help to determine the optimal treatment of postmenopausal @entity0 . Bone markers could also be used to predict or ascertain the response to treatment of @entity3 , but few data are currently available to judge the routine usefulness of these new applications.

title: Markers of XXXX in metabolic bone disease.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this review was to analyze/investigate the synthesis, properties, and applications of @entity1 - @entity2 nanotubes (PVA-HNT), and their nanocomposites. Different polymers with versatile properties are attractive because of their introduction and potential uses in many fields. Synthetic polymers, such as @entity0 , natural polymers like alginate, starch, chitosan, or any material with these components have prominent status as important and degradable materials with biocompatibility properties. These materials have been developed in the 1980s and are remarkable because of their recyclability and consideration of the natural continuation of their physical and chemical properties. The fabrication of PVA-HNT nanocomposites can be a potential way to address some of @entity0 's limitations. Such nanocomposites have excellent mechanical properties and thermal stability. PVA-HNT nanocomposites have been reported earlier, but without proper HNT individualization and @entity0 modifications. The properties of PVA-HNT for medicinal and biomedical use are attracting an increasing amount of attention for medical applications, such as wound dressings, drug delivery, targeted-tissue transportation systems, and soft biomaterial implants. The demand for alternative polymeric medical devices has also increased substantially around the world. This paper reviews individualized HNT addition along with crosslinking of @entity0 for various biomedical applications that have been previously reported in literature, thereby showing the attainability, modification of characteristics, and goals underlying the blending process with @entity0 .

title: Properties and Applications of @entity1 , XXXX Nanotubes and Their Nanocomposites.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate if extracapsular extension (ECE) of axillary lymph node @entity2 predicts for a decreased rate of disease-free survival or an increased rate of regional recurrence of @entity0 . METHODS: The study population consisted of 368 @entity1 with T1 or T2 @entity0 and pathologically-positive @entity4 treated with breast-conserving therapy between 1968 and 1986. The median number of sampled @entity4 was 10. Median follow-up time for the surviving @entity1 was 139 months (range 70-244). Twenty percent of the @entity1 were treated with supraclavicular RT, and 64% received both axillary and supraclavicular RT, with a median dose to the nodes of 45 Gy. The following factors were evaluated: presence of ECE, number of sampled @entity4 ( @entity4 ), number of involved @entity4 , size of primary @entity3 , histologic grade of @entity3 , presence of lymphatic vessel invasion (LVI), presence of an extensive intraductal component (EIC), radiation dose, use of adjuvant chemotherapy, and age of @entity1 . Recurrences were reported as the 5-year crude sites of first failure, and were divided into breast recurrences (LR), regional nodal failure (RNF, defined as isolated axillary, supraclavicular, or internal mammary recurrence), and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: One hundred twenty-two @entity1 (33%) had ECE and 246 @entity1 did not. The median number of @entity4 with ECE was 1 (range 1-10) and 20% of @entity1 had ECE in > or =4 @entity4 . @entity1 with ECE tended to be older (median age 51 vs. 47, p = 0.01), and had a higher number of involved @entity4 (median 3 vs. 2, p = 0.005) than @entity1 without ECE. Forty-three percent of @entity1 with ECE had > or =4 involved @entity4 compared to 15% of @entity1 without ECE (p<0.0001). Models of ECE and the above factors revealed no significant correlation between ECE and either disease-free or overall survival. There was no statistically significant increase in local, regional nodal, or distant failures in @entity1 with ECE as compared to @entity1 without ECE. CONCLUSION: In this population of @entity1 with nodal involvement, the presence of ECE correlates with the number of involved @entity4 but does not appear to add predictive power to models of local, regional, or distant recurrence when the number of positive @entity4 is included.

title: The significance of extracapsular extension of axillary lymph node XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Seed germination and postgerminative growth are regulated by a delicate hormonal balance. @entity1 (ABA) represses @entity0 seed germination and postgerminative growth, while @entity4 ( @entity3 ) antagonize ABA-mediated inhibition and promote these processes. However, the molecular mechanism underlying BR-repressed ABA signaling remains largely unknown. Here, we show that the Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3-like kinase BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2), a critical repressor of BR signaling, positively regulates ABA responses during seed germination and postgerminative growth. Mechanistic investigation revealed that BIN2 physically interacts with ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 (ABI5), a bZIP transcription factor. Further genetic analysis demonstrated that the ABA-hypersensitive phenotype of BIN2-overexpressing plants requires ABI5. BIN2 was found to phosphorylate and stabilize ABI5 in the presence of ABA, while application of epibrassinolide (the active form of @entity3 ) inhibited the regulation of ABI5 by BIN2. Consistently, the ABA-induced accumulation of ABI5 was affected in BIN2-related mutants. Moreover, mutations of the BIN2 phosphorylation sites on ABI5 made the mutant protein respond to ABA improperly. Additionally, the expression of several ABI5 regulons was positively modulated by BIN2. These results provide evidence that BIN2 phosphorylates and stabilizes ABI5 to mediate ABA response during seed germination, while @entity3 repress the BIN2-ABI5 cascade to antagonize @entity2 -mediated inhibition.

title: BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 Interacts with ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE5 to Mediate the Antagonism of @entity4 to XXXX during Seed Germination in @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 , traditional RNA binders, were found to be a new class of triple helical nucleic acid-stabilizing ligands. @entity1 , of all the @entity0 , has shown the most significant effects in stabilizing DNA, RNA, and hybrid triple helices. When compared with minor groove binders or intercalators, @entity1 excels at triple helical stabilization in most cases. Molecular modeling studies suggest that @entity1 reaches into the larger Watson-Hoogsteen groove. The charge and shape complementarity are the key factors in @entity1 -triplex recognition. By conjugating @entity1 with intercalators such as BQQ (a potent triple helix intercalating agent designed by H  l  ne), we have progressed in developing more potent triple helix stabilizing ligands. The design of such dual or even triple recognition ligands opens a new paradigm for recognition of triple helix nucleic acids. The article herein presents studies of @entity1 as the first molecule that can selectively stabilize nucleic acid triplex structures. These studies are supported by our recent discovery that @entity1 prefers to bind to A-like conformations, of which triple helix structures are known to display some characteristics. These findings will contribute to the development of a new series of triplex-specific ligands, and may contribute to either antisense or antigene therapies.

title: Recognition of triple helical nucleic acids by XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: We placed @entity0 with @entity2 into four distinct prognostic groups: 'low', 'moderate', 'high' and 'extreme' risk. The 'moderate-risk' group contained all residual negative, stage I and II @entity0 with two exceptions: stage Ia or b, grade 1 @entity1 and grade 3 @entity1 . They were treated with primary surgery, usually including bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, hysterectomy and omentectomy. Chemotherapy was then given ( @entity5 at 100 mg m-2 every 2 weeks for three cycles) followed by pelvi-abdominal irradiation (2250 cGy in 10 fractions to the pelvis and 2250 cGy in 22 fractions to the whole abdomen including pelvis). An early cohort with ascites or positive washings instead received six cycles of @entity5 and @entity4 at 75 mg m-2 and 600 mg m-2 every 4 weeks with the same pelvi-abdominal irradiation sandwiched between cycles 3 and 4. One-hundred and nine @entity0 were treated between November 1983 and December 1989. Median follow-up was 4.7 years (range 0.7-9 years). The 5-year actuarial overall and failure-free survivals were 81% and 76%, respectively. @entity3 , although usually minor, included 15% with @entity6 or @entity7 and 23% with chronic abdominal complaints. Our combined-modality results are similar to those obtained by other centers utilizing either pelvi-abdominal irradiation alone or @entity5 -based chemotherapy alone.

title: 'Moderate-risk' XXXX (stage I, grade 2; stage II, grade 1 or 2) treated with @entity5 chemotherapy (single agent or combination) and pelvi-abdominal irradiation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The renal epithelial @entity5 channel ( @entity6 ) provides regulated @entity5 transport in the distal nephron. The effects of intracellular @entity2 ([ @entity1 ]i) on this channel are only beginning to be elucidated. It appears from previous studies that the [ @entity1 ]i increases downstream of @entity3 administration may have a polarized effect on @entity6 where apical application of @entity3 and subsequent [ @entity1 ]i increase has an inhibitory effect on the channel whereas basolateral @entity3 and [ @entity1 ]i have a stimulatory effect. We asked if this polarized effect of @entity3 is in fact reflective of a polarized effect of increased [ @entity1 ]i on @entity6 and what underlying mechanism is responsible. We began by performing patch clamp experiments in which @entity6 activity was measured during apical or basolateral application of @entity4 to increase [ @entity1 ]i near the apical or basolateral membrane, respectively. We found that @entity6 does indeed respond to increased [ @entity1 ]i in a polarized fashion, with apical increases being inhibitory and basolateral stimulating channel activity. In other epithelial cell types, mitochondria sequester [ @entity1 ]i, creating [ @entity1 ]i signaling microdomains within the cell that are dependent on mitochondrial localization. We found that mitochondria localize in bands just beneath the apical and basolateral membranes in two different cortical collecting duct principal cell lines and in cortical collecting duct principal cells in @entity0 kidney tissue. We found that inhibiting mitochondrial [ @entity1 ]i uptake destroyed the polarized response of @entity6 to [ @entity1 ]i. Overall, our data suggest that @entity6 is regulated by [ @entity1 ]i in a polarized fashion and that this polarization is maintained by mitochondrial [ @entity1 ]i sequestration.

title: Polarized Effect of Intracellular @entity2 on the Renal Epithelial @entity5 Channel Occurs as a Result of Subcellular XXXX Signaling Domains Maintained by Mitochondria.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We have made a prospective study of the @entity0 who were analysed for the first time at the Outpatients Department in the Otolaryngology Section of the University Complex Hospital of Santiago de Compostela all along 1997. A whole of 1,050 @entity0 have been included in this study. The most frequent diagnosis were @entity2 (29.1%), @entity1 media (27.8%) and in the third place, @entity3 . This appeared in 83 cases, which represents a 8.7% of the fulfilled diagnosis. The incidence for our health area reached 19 new cases of @entity3 per 100,000 inhabitants a year. When only the number of stapedectomies were included, it reached a 7.8%. The prevalence of the female population was clear, reaching a 77%. Diagnosed @entity0 ' age was from 30 to 50 years, although a considerable percentage (37%) were older. The incidence reached by our studies is higher to other values previously published. We think this responds to the fact that the health system covers all the population and to the importance a good audition is given nowadays.

title: [Incidence of XXXX in a subpopulation of Galicia, Spain].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECTIVE Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) is a promising treatment modality for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), but a small percentage of @entity0 have persistent postradiosurgical @entity1 growth. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical and quantitative MRI features of VS as predictors of long-term @entity1 control after GKS. METHODS The authors performed a retrospective study of all @entity0 with VS treated with GKS using the Leksell Gamma Knife Unit between 2005 and 2013 at their institution. A total of 187 @entity0 who had a minimum of 24 months of clinical and radiological assessment after radiosurgery were included in this study. Those who underwent a craniotomy with @entity1 removal before and after GKS were excluded. Study @entity0 comprised 85 (45.5%) males and 102 (54.5%) females, with a median age of 52.2 years (range 20.4-82.3 years). @entity1 volumes, enhancing patterns, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were measured by region of interest (ROI) analysis of the whole @entity1 by serial MRI before and after GKS. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 60.8 months (range 24-128.9 months), and the median treated @entity1 volume was 3.54 cm(3) (0.1-16.2 cm(3)). At last follow-up, imaging studies indicated that 150 @entity1 (80.2%) showed decreased @entity1 volume, 20 (10.7%) had stabilized, and 17 (9.1%) continued to grow following radiosurgery. The postradiosurgical outcome was not significantly correlated with pretreatment volumes or postradiosurgical enhancing patterns. @entity1 that showed regression within the initial 12 months following radiosurgery were more likely to have a larger volume reduction ratio at last follow-up than those that did not (volume reduction ratio 55% vs 23.6%, respectively; p < 0.001). Compared with solid @entity2 , cystic @entity2 were more likely to regress or stabilize in the initial postradiosurgical 6-12-month period and during extended follow-up. Cystic @entity2 exhibited a greater volume reduction ratio at last follow-up (cystic vs solid: 67.6%    24.1% vs 31.8%    51.9%; p < 0.001). The mean preradiosurgical maximum ADC (ADCmax) values of all @entity2 were significantly higher for those with @entity1 regression or stabilization at last follow-up compared with those with progression (2.391 vs 1.826 * 10(-3) mm(2)/sec; p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Loss of central enhancement after radiosurgery was a common phenomenon, but it did not correlate with @entity1 volume outcome. Preradiosurgical MRI features including cystic components and ADCmax values can be helpful as predictors of treatment outcome.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and the prediction of outcome of XXXX following Gamma Knife radiosurgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The feasibility of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for large superficial @entity2 is undefined. The aim of this study was to assess the outcomes for @entity0 undergoing ESD of superficial @entity2 larger than 50  mm. METHODS: A total of 472 @entity0 who underwent ESD for superficial @entity2 from 2010 to 2014 were enrolled. We retrospectively reviewed their records. RESULTS: We compared @entity0 with 20-mm to 50-mm lesions and those with lesions >50  mm regarding demographics, the ESD procedure, and histopathology. Among @entity0 with lesions >50  mm, laterally spreading @entity1 nongranular and protruded types were uncommon. Histopathologically, deeply invasive (>= 1000  m) @entity4 were more frequent in lesions >50  mm (14% [10/70] vs 5% [20/402], P  < .01). Technically, en bloc resection was successfully accomplished in 99% of @entity0 (69/70). Although the total dissection time for lesions >50  mm was significantly longer than for lesions 20  mm to 50  mm (mean    SD, 157    114 minutes vs 68    50 min; P  < .01), dissection speed for lesions >50  mm was significantly faster than for lesions 20  mm to 50  mm (P  < .01). There were no significant differences in en bloc R0 resection rate comparing both groups (>50  mm, 83% vs 20  mm to 50  mm, 87%; P  = .31). No perforations or @entity3 occurred in @entity0 with lesions >50  mm. Post-ESD colorectal strictures requiring intervention did not develop in any @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: ESD for superficial @entity2 >50  mm is feasible. ESD of these lesions had a high R0 resection rate and a low adverse event rate. En bloc resection by ESD provides adequate pathological specimens and may limit the need for surgical intervention.

title: Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for superficial XXXX more than 50  mm in diameter.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A method was established for underivatized @entity5 determination in fermented beverage of plant extract. Samples were diluted with @entity1 for five times, extracted by ultrasonic vibration for 30 min, and high-speed centrifuged for 15 min at 10,000 r/min. The supernatant was separated and detected by, high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC- @entity0 / @entity0 ). The chromatographic column was Venusil ASB @entity6 (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5   m). The elution was performed at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/min using the mobile phases of @entity1 - @entity3 -water mixture. The @entity0 detector was set as follows: ion source voltage 3 kV, ion source temperature 150 t, solvent temperature 350 t, gas flow rate 800 L/h. The collision gas was @entity4 with a pressure of 0.17 Pa. The quantitation analysis was carried out with peak area in extracted ion chromatograms. Good linearities were acquired in the range of 0.5-200   mol/L (r2 > 0.99) for the @entity2 . The recoveries were between 86% and 110%. There were 16 @entity2 in the fermented beverage of plant extract quantitatively analyzed. The method is simple, rapid, accurate and reliable in quantitative analysis of @entity5 samples in the fields of pharmaceutical, food and natural products.

title: [Direct quantitative analysis of XXXX in fermented beverage of plant extract using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the performance of total PSA (tPSA), the free/total PSA ratio (f/tPSA), complexed PSA (cPSA) and the complexed/total PSA ratio (c/tPSA) in @entity1 detection. METHODS: Frozen sera of 442 @entity0 have been analysed for tPSA, free PSA (fPSA) and cPSA. 131 @entity0 had @entity1 and 311 @entity0 @entity2 . RESULTS: Differences in the distribution of the biomarkers were seen as follows: tPSA, cPSA and c/tPSA were significantly higher in the PC group, and f/tPSA was significantly higher in the BPH group. In the tPSA-range of 0-4 ng/ml none of the biomarkers showed a significant difference in the distribution between both groups. In the tPSA-ranges of 0-10 ng/ml, 2-10 ng/ml, 4-10 ng/ml and <10 ng/ml, f/tPSA showed the highest specificity at high sensitivtities, followed by c/tPSA, cPSA, and tPSA, respectively. In tPSA-ranges greater than 10 ng/ml, cPSA offered the best discriminatory ability. CPSA compared to tPSA offered better specificity at high sensitivities in all tPSA-ranges. CONCLUSION: F/tPSA offers the best ability to distinguish between both groups in lower tPSA-ranges, followed by c/tPSA. CPSA compared to tPSA offers a better ability to discriminate between both groups in all PSA-ranges and could be used as an initial test for PC.

title: XXXX with complexed PSA and complexed/total PSA ratio - is there any advantage?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report the initial clinical experience with a novel @entity1 ( @entity1 ) closure device, the GORE(  ) CARDIOFORM @entity1 Occluder (GCO). BACKGROUND: Transcatheter closure has become the treatment of choice for secundum @entity1 . A wide range of occluder devices are available, but concern has been raised about the risk of @entity3 associated with rigid devices and future access to the left atrium METHODS: Retrospective chart review of @entity0 treated with the GCO at three Canadian centers. Primary outcomes were procedural success and residual shunting at follow-up, as well as 30-day major adverse events. Secondary outcomes included new onset @entity4 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and all cause mortality. Clinical, echocardiographic, procedural data, and follow-up outcome variables were collected in each participating hospital. RESULTS: Between February and December 2015, 26 @entity0 (5 @entity0 and 21 adults) underwent transcatheter @entity1 closure with the GCO and were included in the study cohort. Procedural success was achieved in 22 of 26 @entity0 (85%) and no major procedural complications were observed. Two @entity0 (8%) presented new onset @entity5 during early follow-up (0-30 days). Follow-up echocardiography (median of 119 days [IQR: 92-146]) demonstrated no residual shunt in all implanted @entity0 . After a median clinical follow-up of 174 days (IQR: 135-239), one @entity0 died of an unrelated cause, there were no documented major adverse cardiovascular events. Fluoroscopic imaging of the device was performed in 20 @entity0 (91%), and @entity2 was noted in five cases. No clinical consequence or device dysfunction was observed in these @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: In this first-in- @entity0 multicenter study, the GCO was safe and effective for @entity1 closure, with no major adverse events or residual shunt at follow-up.    2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Initial clinical experience with the GORE(  ) CARDIOFORM XXXX occluder for transcatheter @entity1 closure.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Synapse deterioration underlying severe @entity3 in early @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is thought to be caused by soluble amyloid beta (Abeta) oligomers. Mechanistically, soluble Abeta oligomers, also referred to as Abeta-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs), act as highly specific pathogenic ligands, binding to sites localized at particular synapses. This binding triggers oxidative stress, loss of synaptic spines, and ectopic redistribution of receptors critical to plasticity and memory. We report here the existence of a protective mechanism that naturally shields synapses against @entity5 -induced deterioration. Synapse pathology was investigated in mature cultures of hippocampal neurons. Before spine loss, ADDLs caused major downregulation of plasma membrane insulin receptors (IRs), via a mechanism sensitive to calcium calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CaMKII) and casein kinase II (CK2) inhibition. Most significantly, this loss of surface IRs, and @entity5 -induced oxidative stress and synaptic spine deterioration, could be completely prevented by insulin. At submaximal insulin doses, protection was potentiated by @entity4 , an insulin-sensitizing drug used to treat type 2 @entity0 . The mechanism of insulin protection entailed a marked reduction in pathogenic @entity5 binding. Surprisingly, insulin failed to block @entity5 binding when IR @entity2 kinase activity was inhibited; in fact, a significant increase in binding was caused by IR inhibition. The protective role of insulin thus derives from IR signaling-dependent downregulation of @entity5 binding sites rather than ligand competition. The finding that synapse vulnerability to ADDLs can be mitigated by insulin suggests that bolstering brain insulin signaling, which can decline with aging and @entity0 , could have significant potential to slow or deter @entity1 pathogenesis.

title: Protection of synapses against XXXX : insulin signaling prevents the pathogenic binding of Abeta oligomers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) reduces fruit yield and quality in grapevine. Parthenocarpic seedless berries arise from fruit set without effective fertilization due to defective pollen germination. @entity0 has been associated to micronutrient deficiency but the relation of this phenomenon with pollen polymorphism has not been reported before. In this work, six grapevine cultivars with different tendency for @entity0 and grown under micronutrient-sufficient conditions were analyzed to determine pollen structure and germination capability as well as @entity0 rates. Wide variation in non-germinative abnormal pollen was detected either among cultivars as well as for the same cultivar in different growing seasons. A straight correlation with @entity0 rates was found (R2 = 0.9896), suggesting that natural parthenocarpy is related to defective pollen development. Such relation was not observed when @entity0 was analyzed in grapevine plants exposed to exogenous @entity4 (GA) or @entity1 ( @entity2 ) applications at pre-anthesis. Increase (GA treatment) or reduction ( @entity2 treatment) in @entity0 rates without significative changes in abnormal pollen was determined. Although these plants were maintained at sufficient @entity3 (B) condition, a down-regulation of the floral genes VvBOR3 and VvBOR4 together with a reduction of floral B content in GA-treated plants was established. These results suggest that impairment in B mobility to reproductive tissues and restriction of pollen tube growth could be involved in the GA-induced parthenocarpy.

title: Pollen Morphology and XXXX Concentration in Floral Tissues as Factors Triggering Natural and GA-Induced Parthenocarpic Fruit Development in Grapevine.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To report on our institutional experience of palliative radiotherapy (RT) of @entity1 in the head and neck by the RTOG 8502 'QUAD SHOT' regimen. METHODS: Seventy-five @entity0 completed at least 1 cycle of palliative RT to the head and neck for primary or metastatic disease based on the RTOG 8502 regimen (3.7Gy twice daily over 2 consecutive days at 4week intervals per cycle) between 2/2005 and 7/2014. RESULTS: Median @entity0 age was 76years (range 23-97). The most common histologies were @entity6 (55%), non-anaplastic @entity5 (10%) and @entity4 (9%). Thirty @entity0 (40%) received prior RT at the palliative site. Twenty-eight @entity0 (37%) completed at least three RTOG 8502 cycles. Sixty-five percent of all @entity0 had a palliative response. Median overall survival was 5.67months (range, 0.20-34.5). Grade 3 @entity3 in 4 @entity0 (5%) consisted of acute @entity7 and functional @entity2 . Palliative response was significantly correlated with increasing number of RTOG 8502 cycles (p=0.012), but not KPS, prior RT, palliative chemotherapy, prior surgery, histology or stage. On survival analysis, palliative response (p<0.001), KPS   70 (p=0.001), and greater number of RTOG 8502 cycles (p=0.022) remained independent predictors of improved survival. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity0 with incurable @entity1 in the head and neck, the palliative RTOG 8502 'QUAD SHOT' regimen provides excellent rates of palliative response with minimal associated @entity3 . @entity0 who are able to complete greater number of RT cycles have higher rates of palliative response and overall survival.

title: Palliative head and neck radiotherapy with the RTOG 8502 regimen for incurable primary or metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The review presents some information on known options for treatment of nonallergic @entity1 (NAR) with introduction to new therapies. The merits and limitations of recent advancements in pharmacotherapy of this common problem are briefly discussed as well. RECENT FINDINGS: Intranasal corticosteroids are first-line therapy for NAR. @entity4 and @entity2 remain the only topical corticosteroids approved for NAR. The use of @entity5 - another first-line option - has also been found to be effective even though NAR is a nonallergic entity by definition. Combination of @entity4 and @entity5 is a promising option in achieving better symptom reduction. Coadministration of intranasal corticosteroid and topical decongestants is an attractive topic that requires additional safety studies before recommending treatment. Although promising, no scientifically valid recommendation can be made for treatment of NAR with @entity3 . Surgical options in @entity0 with refractory NAR are limited. New studies demonstrate a lack of correlation between objective outcome of radiofrequency ablation of the inferior turbinate and subjective @entity0 symptoms. SUMMARY: The heterogeneity in clinical presentation makes NAR treatment a daily challenge for otolaryngologists. The diversity of clinical studies with use of unique outcome measures limit systematic reviews which may be instrumental in providing strong recommendations.

title: An update regarding the treatment of nonallergic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: An open label, non-comparative study was carried out in 22 @entity0 over a total of five cycles. After an untreated cycle, oral administration of 20 microg @entity3 (EE) with 50 microg @entity2 (GST) (tablets taken daily for 21 days with a break of 7 days) was commenced, and three treatment cycles were followed by an untreated follow-up control cycle. The ability of this formulation to inhibit ovulation and suppress ovarian activity was assessed by using hormonal parameters and ultrasound. One ovulation occurred during treatment. Luteinized unruptured follicles were observed in three cases in the second treatment cycle and in one case during the third treatment cycle. Follicle-like structures larger than 13 mm associated with a serum @entity1 level of more than 30 pg/mL were noted in 19% of the @entity0 in the first treatment cycle. The rate of active follicle-like structures was 43% in the second treatment cycle and 28% in the third treatment cycle. The results were compared with previously reported findings of a preparation containing 20 microg EE and 75 microg GST. With regard to ovarian grading and endogenous hormone secretion, considerably more residual ovarian activity, with all parameters examined, was found in the 20 microg EE and 50 microg GST preparation compared to the 20 microg EE and 75 microg GST preparation. It was concluded that the 20 microg EE and 50 microg GST preparation administered for 21 days does not meet the requirements of a combined oral contraceptive with respect to ovulation inhibition.

title: Dose finding in a low-dose 21-day combined oral contraceptive containing XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 (GLS) is an early indicator of subclinical @entity5 , even when LV ejection fraction (LVEF) is normal, and is an independent predictor of @entity2 . Ambulatory blood pressure (BP) is a better predictor of @entity2 , including @entity7 , than office BP. We investigated the association of office and ambulatory BP measurements with subclinical LV @entity5 in a community-based cohort with normal LVEF. METHODS: Two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring were performed in 577 @entity0 (mean age 70  9 years; 60% @entity0 ) with LVEF >= 50% from the @entity2 and @entity3 (CABL) study. Univariable and multivariable linear regression analyses were used to assess the associations of BP measures with GLS. RESULTS: Higher ambulatory and office BP values were consistently associated with impaired GLS. After adjustment for pertinent covariates (age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, @entity1 , @entity6 , LV mass index, and antihypertensive medication), office diastolic BP and ambulatory systolic and diastolic BPs (24-hour, daytime and nighttime) were independently associated with GLS (P = 0.003 for office @entity9 , P  <= 0.001 for all ambulatory BPs). When ambulatory and office BP values were included in the same model, all ambulatory BP measures remained significantly associated with GLS (all P < 0.01), whereas office BP values were not. CONCLUSIONS: Ambulatory BP values are significantly associated with impaired GLS and the association is stronger than for office BP. Ambulatory BP monitoring might have a role in the risk stratification of @entity4 @entity0 for early @entity8 .

title: Relationship of Office and Ambulatory Blood Pressure With XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: This study investigates the immunohistochemical expression of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity6 in @entity0 treated for middle ear and mastoid @entity3 @entity5 to evaluate the angiogenesis and vascularization of this type of lesion. A correlation between the immunohistochemical data and the radiological and intraoperative evidence of temporal @entity4 and blood source connection was performed to validate this hypothesis. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression of @entity1 and @entity6 in a group of 16 @entity0 surgically treated for @entity3 @entity5 was examined. @entity7 with normal middle ear mucosa and external auditory canal skin were used as the control groups. The radiological and intraoperative features of @entity3 @entity5 were also examined. RESULTS: In endothelial cells, there was an increased expression of angiogenetic growth factor receptors in all the @entity3 @entity5 in this study. The quantitative analysis of @entity1 showed a mean value of 37.5, whereas the @entity6 quantitative analysis gave a mean value of 6.8. Seven @entity0 presented radiological or intraoperative evidence of @entity4 , hematopoietic potentialities, or blood source connections that might support the bleeding theory. In all of these cases there was computed tomography or intraoperative evidence of @entity2 of the middle ear and/or temporal bone structures. The mean values of @entity1 and @entity6 were 41.1 and 7.7, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: High values of @entity1 and @entity6 are present in @entity0 with @entity3 @entity5 . Upregulation of @entity1 and @entity6 is indicative of a remarkable angiogenesis and a widespread vascular concentration in @entity3 @entity5 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b. Laryngoscope, 2017.

title: Tympanomastoid @entity3 XXXX : Immunohistochemical evaluation of angiogenesis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and effects on @entity4 secretion of umbilical cord (UC) mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) plus autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (aBM-MNC) @entity1 ( @entity1 ) without immunotherapy in established @entity3 ( @entity3 ). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Between January 2009 and December 2010, 42 @entity0 with @entity3 were randomized (n = 21/group) to either @entity1 (1.1 * 10(6)/kg UC-MSC, 106.8 * 10(6)/kg aBM-MNC through supraselective pancreatic artery cannulation) or standard care (control). @entity0 were followed for 1 year at 3-month intervals. The primary end point was C-peptide area under the curve (AUCC-Pep) during an oral @entity2 tolerance test at 1 year. Additional end points were safety and tolerability of the procedure, metabolic control, and quality of life. RESULTS: The treatment was well tolerated. At 1 year, metabolic measures improved in treated @entity0 : AUCC-Pep increased 105.7% (6.6    6.1 to 13.6    8.1 pmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.00012) in 20 of 21 responders, whereas it decreased 7.7% in control subjects (8.4    6.8 to 7.7    4.5 pmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.013 vs. @entity1 ); @entity4 area under the curve increased 49.3% (1,477.8    1,012.8 to 2,205.5    1,194.0 mmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.01), whereas it decreased 5.7% in control subjects (1,517.7    630.2 to 1,431.7    441.6 mmol/mL/180 min, P = 0.027 vs. @entity1 ). @entity5 c decreased 12.6% (8.6    0.81% [70.0    7.1 mmol/mol] to 7.5    1.0% [58.0    8.6 mmol/mol], P < 0.01) in the treated group, whereas it increased 1.2% in the control group (8.7    0.9% [72.0    7.5 mmol/mol] to 8.8    0.9% [73    7.5 mmol/mol], P < 0.01 vs. @entity1 ). Fasting glycemia decreased 24.4% (200.0    51.1 to 151.2    22.1 mg/dL, P < 0.002) and 4.3% in control subjects (192.4    35.3 to 184.2    34.3 mg/dL, P < 0.042). Daily @entity4 requirements decreased 29.2% in only the treated group (0.9    0.2 to 0.6    0.2 IU/day/kg, P = 0.001), with no change found in control subjects (0.9    0.2 to 0.9    0.2 IU/day/kg, P < 0.01 vs. @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: Transplantation of UC-MSC and aBM-MNC was safe and associated with moderate improvement of metabolic measures in @entity0 with established @entity3 .

title: Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stromal Cell With Autologous Bone Marrow Cell Transplantation in Established Type 1 Diabetes: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Open-Label Clinical Study to Assess Safety and Impact on XXXX Secretion.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to investigate dependency and health status of a cohort of older @entity0 admitted for long term nursing or residential care and to compare these findings with assessments conducted by social services departments prior to placement. DESIGN: retrospective cohort study. SETTING: residential, nursing and dual registered homes within Nottingham Health Authority boundaries. SUBJECTS: 205 residents placed over 3 months. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: levels of disability, @entity1 and behavioural disturbance identified by assessment before and after admission. RESULTS: @entity1 and @entity2 were significantly higher in nursing homes, although a third of residents in residential care had substantial @entity2 . In nursing homes, a quarter of residents had low dependency needs but these had greater @entity1 than those in residential homes with the same level of dependency. Most residents had some degree of behavioural disturbance (particularly in nursing homes) and more severe disturbance was associated with greater @entity1 and more depressed mood, but not @entity2 . A moderate level of agreement was found between preadmission and follow-up assessments of health status. CONCLUSIONS: a case-mix which includes higher dependency residents in residential homes and lower dependency residents in nursing homes is likely to reflect changes in the health status of residents following placement but also suggests that a range of placement criteria were used together, rather than individual indicators of need. Although pre-placement measures of disability and dependency were supported by follow-up assessments, it is essential that the needs of residents in long-term care are adequately monitored and managed, in particular those in residential care with higher dependency needs.

title: Health status and assessed need for a cohort of older XXXX admitted to nursing and residential homes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is an evolving @entity0 treatment with promising results in treating @entity0 by photoactivation of a photosensitizer with a specific wavelength. The second generation photosensitizer @entity3 (NPe6) was reported to have significant efficacy in killing @entity0 cells in vitro and in vivo. Though topical application might yield a higher local concentration and less systemic side effect, no data concerning topical absorption of NPe6 is available even though the drug has already been used in clinical trial for several years. To evaluate the possibility of topical delivery of NPe6 via an animal model, escalated concentrations of NPe6 were applied to BALB/c @entity1 skin for a different time periods after barrier disruption with tape stripping. Since NPe6 fluorescence intensity and drug concentration in tissue was well correlated, we evaluated drug penetration depth with frozen sections of treated and non-treated skin under a fluorescence microscope. An on-line fluorescence imaging system was used to monitor the NPe6 fluorescence kinetics in the skin. The fluorescence microscope confirmed successful topical delivery of NPe6 in @entity1 skin with or even without barrier disruption. Orange to red NPe6 fluorescence appeared at the epidermis, dermis, and even the muscular layer when using 10 mg/ml NPe6 application. The fluorescence intensity peaked at 1 h and revealed a dose-dependent response pattern. NPe6 treated versus non-treated skin showed a statistically significant difference by Student's t-test (P<0.05). The results described here suggest that topical delivery of NPe6 is possible. It showed fast and deep penetration into @entity1 skin. This implies that NPe6 might be useful as a topical photosensitizer for @entity2 in treating @entity4 .

title: Pilot study of topical delivery of XXXX (NPe6): implication of topical NPe6-photodynamic therapy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Endoscopic dilatation is the standard therapy for postoperative colorectal anastomotic strictures, although it carries the risk of perforation at the weakest part of the @entity1 . In order to minimize this risk we have developed a combined technique of endoscopic electroincision and @entity2 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Thirty-six symptomatic @entity0 with benign colorectal anastomotic strictures were referred for endoscopic electroincision with consecutive @entity2 , if the diameter of the @entity1 was less than 12 mm (n = 15) or if the diameter was less than 20 mm and the @entity0 complained of repeated obstructive symptoms under conservative therapy (n = 21). Under direct endoscopic control the scar tissue at the anastomotic line was incised radially with the tip of the polypectomy snare or with a papillotome. Endoscopic @entity2 was then performed, using a pressure of 35 PSI for three minutes. An endoscopic or radiological control was carried out on the second day, and @entity2 was repeated if necessary. RESULTS: The combined technique of electroincision and consecutive @entity2 was performed successfully in 35 @entity0 . In only one @entity0 this therapy could not be performed, because of a long stenotic segment, and surgery was necessary. In 24 @entity0 one single dilatation was sufficient after electroincision, whereas six @entity0 required two, and five @entity0 required three consecutive balloon dilatations. There were no severe complications such as @entity3 or perforation. Complete follow-up evaluation was possible in 25 @entity0 . In five cases recurrences appeared within the first year; all could be treated successfully by further @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of endoscopic electroincision and @entity2 leads to a high long-term clinical success with a minimum of complications. Therefore, in our opinion it is a useful method in the treatment of benign colorectal anastomotic strictures.

title: Endoscopic therapy of benign anastomotic strictures of the colorectum by electroincision and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To define the appearance of gastric @entity5 at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine @entity0 with @entity6 underwent MR imaging with the following sequences: nonenhanced and @entity7 -enhanced breath-hold, T1-weighted, spoiled gradient-recalled echo (n = 9); fat-suppressed, T2-weighted, fast spin echo (n = 9); and breathing-independent, half-Fourier rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (n = 6). Lesion morphology, signal intensity features, and relationships to the gastric wall and surrounding organs were retrospectively evaluated. The diagnosis of @entity6 was histologically proved in all @entity0 . RESULTS: The nine @entity1 were solitary, multilobulated, shaped irregularly, predominantly exophytic, and large (diameter range, 7-28 cm [mean, 15.8 cm]). The epicenters of all lesions were extrinsic to the stomach, and all lesions arose from the @entity3 or body. Regions of @entity2 and @entity4 were detected in all cases. Marginal definition on MR images corresponded to histologic grade: High-grade @entity1 possessed ill-defined margins, and low-grade @entity1 demonstrated more well-defined margins. Relationships to surrounding organs depicted at MR imaging corresponded well with histopathologic findings. CONCLUSION: Gastric @entity5 demonstrate characteristic MR imaging features, which correspond well with histopathologic findings. The direct multiplanar capability of MR imaging facilitates delineation of relationships of the @entity1 to the stomach and surrounding organs.

title: Gastric XXXX : correlation of MR imaging and histopathologic findings in nine @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: In order to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity7 nasal spray (MFNS) in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) a phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, Nordic multicenter study was performed at 16 sites (7 in Sweden, 3 in Denmark, 3 in Finland and 3 in Norway). A total of 329 @entity0 (age 18-82 years) with a mean duration of @entity6 of 9 years were included in the study. The total duration of the study was 11 weeks: 2 weeks of screening, 6 weeks of treatment and 3 weeks of follow-up. Inclusion criteria were unspecific @entity5 and exclusion criteria were a positive skin prick test as well as intolerance to @entity2 or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Endoscopy was performed to exclude @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity3 . The primary efficacy variable was the subject's total overall evaluation. In the intention-to-treat (ITT) group of @entity0 (n = 329) the improvement rates were 56% (MFNS) and 49% (placebo). In the per-protocol (PP) group (n = 251) the corresponding figures were 58% and 47%. Stratifying for groups of @entity0 having moderate symptoms, the results were 54% vs 43% in the ITT group and 56% vs 41% in the PP group. The therapeutic response showed greater improvement in total nasal score as recorded by the investigator in the groups treated with MFNS as compared to the placebo group (p = 0.09 [PP], p = 0.14 [ITT]). Adverse events occurred during the study, @entity4 and @entity1 being the most frequently reported, but there was no statistically significant difference between MFNS and placebo. The results of this study indicate that MFNS is a safe and effective treatment for @entity0 with @entity6 .

title: @entity7 nasal spray in the treatment of XXXX : a nordic, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is approved for uncomplicated @entity1 . Multiple studies have shown @entity2 to compare favorably to @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in terms of symptom control with results out to 5  years. The @entity2 device itself, however, is an added cost to an anti-reflux surgery, and direct cost comparison studies have not been done between @entity2 and @entity3 . The aim of the study was to compare charges, complications, and outcome of @entity2 versus @entity3 at 1  year. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of all @entity0 who underwent @entity2 or @entity3 for the treatment of @entity1 between January 2010 and June 2013. @entity0 charges were collected for the surgical admission. We also collected data on 30-day complications and symptom control at 1  year assessed by @entity1 -HRQL score and PPI use. RESULTS: There were 119 @entity0 included in the study, 52 @entity2 and 67 @entity3 . There was no significant difference between the mean charges for @entity2 and @entity3 ( 48,491 vs.  50,111, p  =  0.506). There were significant differences in OR time (66  min @entity2 vs. 82  min @entity3 , p  <  0.01) and LOS (17  h @entity2 vs. 38  h @entity3 , p  <  0.01). At 1-year follow-up, mean @entity1 -HRQL was 4.3 for @entity2 versus 5.1 for @entity3 (p  =  0.47) and 85  % of @entity2 @entity0 versus 92  % of @entity3 @entity0 were free from PPIs (p  =  0.37). @entity2 @entity0 reported less gas bloat symptoms (23 vs. 53  %, p   <=  0.01) and inability to belch (10 vs. 36  %, p   <=  0.01) and vomit (4 vs. 19  %, p   <=  0.01). CONCLUSION: The side effect profile of @entity2 is better than @entity3 as evidenced by less gas bloat and increase ability to belch and vomit. @entity3 and @entity2 are comparable in symptom control, safety, and overall hospital charges. The charge for the @entity2 device is offset by less charges in other categories as a result of the shorter operative time and LOS.

title: Charges, outcomes, and complications: a comparison of magnetic sphincter augmentation versus XXXX for the treatment of @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity0 colic is a prevalent physiological event of healthy @entity0 under 3 months of age, which can disrupt the @entity0 's home environment. Despite its benign natural history, sometimes it requires a therapeutic approach. There is limited evidence supporting the use of complementary and alternative treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mixture of standardized extract of matricariae Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity2 (H122) compared with @entity1 (DSM 17938) and with @entity3 for the treatment of infantile colic. @entity0 AND METHODS: A multicenter prospective, randomized comparative study was conducted involving 133 @entity0 with colic, according to Rome III criteria, who were assigned at random to receive Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity2 (H122) (Group A; n=45), @entity1 DSM 17938 (10 CFU) (Group B; n=45) or @entity3 (GroupC; n=43). Treatment was given to subjects for 21 days and they were followed for 4 weeks. Treatment success was assessed at the end of study period. Daily crying and fussing times were recorded in a structured diary, and maternal questionnaires were completed to monitor changes in @entity0 colic symptoms and adverse events. RESULTS: Treatment success was observed in 30 out of 45 @entity0 (66.7%) of @entity0 in Group A, while it was seen in 31 out of 45 @entity0 (68.9%) of Group B and in 19 out of 43 (44.2%) of subjects of Group C (  : 6.8; p=0.03). Mean daily crying time was more significantly reduced (from 211.3  40 min/day to 69.6  59 min/day) in the Group A and in Group B (from 201.6  32.5 min/day to 58.1  48.9 min/day) when compared with Group C (from 199.5  32 min/day to 106  56.5 min/day) (p<0.01, p=0.006 respectively). No significant difference was observed comparing Group A and B (p=0.4). No adverse events were reported in any group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that administration of Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity2 (H122) and @entity1 DSM 17938 are significantly more effective than @entity3 in improving colic symptoms. Therefore, the use of herbal supplements may represent a new therapeutic strategy in the management of colicky @entity0 .

title: PP-12 EFFICACY OF A STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF MATRICARIAE CHAMOMILLA L., MELISSA OFFICINALIS L. AND TYNDALLIZED XXXX (H122) COMPARED WITH @entity1 (DSM 17938) AND WITH @entity3 FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFANTILE COLIC.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) has recently been broadly studied in cochleo-vestibular disorders to elucidate its mechanism. Because it is evoked by loud sound stimulation, impairment of the sound transmission through the middle ear may affect VEMP results. This study aims to compare the response rate of VEMPs using the tone burst method and the tapping method in @entity0 with @entity1 media (COM). DESIGN: Fourteen @entity0 (22 ears) with conductive @entity2 due to COM were subjected to VEMP tests using both the tone burst method and the tapping method. Each ear was stimulated by a short-tone burst (95 dB nHL, 500 Hz), followed by tapping on the forehead with a tendon hammer, 200 times at a frequency of 5 Hz. RESULTS: Thirteen (59%) of the 22 ears showed positive VEMPs using the tone burst method, whereas 20 ears (91%) displayed positive VEMPs by the tapping method (p < 0.05). The latencies of wave @entity3 and n23, and the amplitude @entity3 -n23 using the tone burst method were 13.4 +/- 4.1 msec, 20.5 +/- 4.6 msec, and 77.2 +/- 17.2 microV, respectively. These results do not significantly differ from those obtained using the tapping method. In ears with @entity4 (N = 11), five ears (45%) displayed positive VEMPs by the tone burst method; compared with nine ears (82%) with positive VEMPs using the tapping method, representing a nonsignificant difference. In ears with @entity4 (N = 11), eight ears exhibited positive VEMPs by tone burst, with a mean air-bone gap of 25.6 +/- 15.2 dB at 500 Hz, in contrast to a gap of 30.0 +/- 22.9 dB in three ears without VEMPs, indicating no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS: When stimulating sound is attenuated by middle ear pathology, VEMPs are expected to be poorly elicited. Under such conditions, myogenic potentials may be evoked with the tapping method to elicit the absent VEMPs that result from middle ear or inner ear pathology.

title: Comparison of tone burst and tapping evocation of myogenic potentials in XXXX with @entity1 media.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity4 mutations were recently reported in several @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The authors analyzed @entity4 mutations in 93 @entity0 with @entity3 and made genotype-phenotype correlation to clarify the role of this gene in the etiology of @entity3 . METHODS: All @entity0 fulfilled the criteria for @entity3 . The authors analyzed all @entity0 for @entity4 mutations using denaturing high performance liquid chromatography. If a @entity0 's chromatogram was abnormal, the authors sequenced the gene in the @entity0 and both parents. RESULTS: @entity4 mutations were identified in 33 @entity0 (35%). Most mutations were de novo, but were inherited in three @entity0 . Parents carrying the inherited mutations had either no symptoms or a milder form of @entity1 . A greater frequency of unilateral motor @entity2 was the only clinical difference between @entity0 with @entity4 mutations and those without. Truncating mutations were more frequently associated with such @entity2 than were missense mutations. The percentage of cases with family history of @entity1 was significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity4 mutations. CONCLUSIONS: Unilateral motor @entity2 may be a specific clinical characteristic of @entity3 caused by @entity4 mutations. Ten percent of @entity4 mutations are inherited from an asymptomatic or mildly affected parent, suggesting that @entity3 is genetically heterogeneous. The increased frequency of @entity1 indicates that other genetic factors may contribute to this disorder.

title: Spectrum of XXXX mutations in severe @entity3 of infancy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 suffering from @entity2 often experience @entity7 even after the remission of mood symptoms, and many antidepressant drugs do not affect, or impair, memory in animals and @entity0 . However, some antidepressant drugs, after a single dose, enhance cognition in @entity0 (Harmer et al., 2009). To compare different classes of antidepressant drugs for their potential as memory enhancers, we used a version of the novel object recognition task in which @entity1 spontaneously forget objects 24 hr after their presentation. Antidepressant drugs were injected systemically 30 min before or directly after the training phase (Session 1 [S1]). Post-S1 injections were used to test for specific memory-consolidation effects. The @entity6 reuptake inhibitors @entity13 and @entity9 , as well as the @entity3 @entity6 reuptake inhibitor @entity8 , injected prior to S1 significantly enhanced recognition memory. In contrast, the @entity3 reuptake inhibitors @entity4 and @entity5 and the cyclic antidepressant drugs @entity11 and @entity10 did not enhance recognition memory. Post-S1 injection of either @entity13 or @entity4 significantly enhanced recognition memory, indicating an effect on memory consolidation. The fact that @entity4 had an effect only when injected after S1 suggests that it may counteract its own consolidation-enhancing effect by interfering with memory acquisition. However, pretreatment with @entity4 did not attenuate @entity13 's memory-enhancing effect. The D1/5-receptor antagonist @entity12 blunted @entity13 's memory-enhancing effect, indicating a role of dopaminergic transmission in @entity13 -induced recognition memory enhancement. Our results suggest that antidepressant drugs specifically inhibiting @entity6 reuptake enhance cognition and may be beneficial in the treatment of @entity2 . (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Antidepressant Drugs Specifically Inhibiting @entity6 Reuptake Enhance Recognition Memory in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dialysis-requiring @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is common among critically ill @entity0 , but little is known about trends in the incidence and outcomes of this condition over time. STUDY DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING _ @entity0 : All adult @entity0 admitted to an intensive care unit in Ontario, Canada, 1996 to  2010. PREDICTOR: Year and era (1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010) of cohort entry. OUTCOMES: Mortality and dialysis @entity1 , each evaluated at 90 and 365 days after initiation of dialysis therapy for @entity2 . MEASUREMENTS: The annual incidence proportion of dialysis-requiring @entity2 was evaluated and @entity0 with this condition were characterized by era. Associations between era and the outcomes of interest were evaluated with Cox proportional hazards (for time to death) and logistic regression (for dialysis @entity1 ), with adjustment for relevant demographic and clinical variables. RESULTS: The annual incidence of dialysis-requiring @entity2 among critically ill @entity0 increased from 0.8% in 1996 to 3.0% in 2010 (P for trend  < 0.001). 90-day mortality declined from 50% in 1996 to 2000 to 45% in 2006 to 2010 (adjusted HR, 0.83 [95% CI, 0.79-0.87] compared to 1996-2000). Dialysis @entity1 among surviving @entity0 at 90 days was marginally lower in 2006 to 2010 (25.1%) compared to 1996 to 2000 (27.2%), but after adjustment for confounding factors, was not significantly different (adjusted OR, 0.91; 95% CI, 0.80-1.03). LIMITATIONS: Unmeasured confounding by factors that may have changed in @entity0 with dialysis-requiring @entity2 during the different eras; data set does not allow for mechanistic explanation for the findings; and lack of access to laboratory investigations after hospital discharge. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence proportion of dialysis-requiring @entity2 among critically ill @entity0 increased by almost 4-fold between 1996 and 2010. This was accompanied by a significant decline in mortality, but the risk of long-term dialysis @entity1 continues to affect a substantial minority of surviving @entity0 with no clear evidence of improvement over time.

title: Changing Incidence and Outcomes Following Dialysis-Requiring XXXX Among Critically Ill Adults: A  Population-Based Cohort Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is one of the major causes of @entity6 in tropical countries. Symptoms of @entity4 consist of @entity2 , redness, @entity5 , @entity12 , @entity1 . If not treated effectively, it could lead to @entity7 . Common causes include Candida spp., Fusarium spp. and Aspergillus spp.. With the limited choices of topical antifungal agents, we were faced with @entity6 , a rare cause of @entity4 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 62-year-old Asian male construction worker came to us with intense @entity11 , injection of the conjunctiva, blurred @entity2 in his left eye. His visual acuity was 20/40 OD and 20/400 OS. Slit-lamp exam revealed a corneal ulcer with feathery margin and Descemet's membrane folding. The culture yielded Cladosporium species.. The @entity0 did not show improvements after applying topical @entity14 (5  %), topical @entity8 (1mg/ml), topical @entity9 (2mg/ml) and oral @entity10 (200mg). After shifting the medical regimen to @entity13 via topical and systemic routes (1mg/ml and 200mg respectively), the @entity6 was controlled. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 remains a challenge for ophthalmologists as there is no evidence suggesting any particular drug or combination of drugs is more effective than another. A review of common topical antifungal agents was done. @entity13 could be a good choice for treating @entity3 by Cladosporium species.

title: XXXX - a case report and literature review.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Indications for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) primary prevention are unknown in @entity0 with repaired tetralogy of Fallot (ToF). The role of microvolt T-wave alternans (MTWA) in @entity5 risk stratification was documented. However, the prevalence of spectral MTWA and its association with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in adults after ToF repair were not elucidated. DESIGN: Microvolt T-wave alternans, electrocardiogram (ECG), ambulatory ECG monitoring, echocardiography, and spiroergometry were evaluated in 102 adults after ToF repair. Microvolt T-wave alternans results were classified as normal: negative(-), abnormal: positive(+), and indeterminate(ind). Owing to similar prognostic significance, MTWA(+) and MTWA(ind) due to @entity0 factors were combined into nonnegative group: MTWA(abnormal). RESULTS: Microvolt T-wave alternans(abnormal) was more frequent in the studied group as compared with controls (P = .0005). The MTWA(abnormal) group had greater right ventricular end-diastolic diameter (P = .005), higher incidence of @entity2 (P = .015), lower peak @entity1 consumption (P = .01), and higher VE/VCO2 slope (P = .04) in comparison with MTWA(normal). Univariate logistic regression proved @entity2 (OR = 3.57, 95% CI 1.27-10.04), @entity4 (OR = 3.26, 95% CI 1.06-10.05), right ventricular end-diastolic enlargement (OR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.2), increase in VE/VCO2 slope (OR = 1.08, 95% CI 1.01-1.17), and decrease in peak @entity1 uptake (OR = .91, 95% CI 0.83-0.99) to increase MTWA(abnormal) prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: In adults after ToF repair, abnormal MTWA occurred more often than in controls. Probability of abnormal MTWA did not rise with prevalence of malignant @entity4 ; however, presence of abnormal MTWA was associated with @entity4 risk factors: @entity2 , @entity6 , and consequent @entity3 . The role of MTWA in selecting @entity0 late after ToF repair at risk of @entity5 needs further observation.

title: Microvolt T-wave Alternans in Adult XXXX with Repaired Tetralogy of Fallot.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To quantify rates and variation in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) cranial computed tomography (CT) utilization in @entity0 with ventricular shunts, estimate radiation exposure, and evaluate the association between CT utilization and shunt revision. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study of @entity1 visits from 2003-2013 in @entity0 0-18  years old with initial shunt placement in 2003. Data were examined from 31 hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System. Main outcomes were cranial CT performed during an @entity1 visit, estimated cumulative effective radiation dose, and shunt revision within 7  days. Multivariable regression modeled the relationship between @entity0 - and hospital-level covariates and CT utilization. RESULTS: The 1319 @entity0 with initial shunt placed in 2003 experienced 6636 @entity1 visits during the subsequent decade. A cranial CT was obtained in 49.4% of all @entity1 visits; 19.9% of @entity1 visits with CT were associated with a shunt revision. Approximately 6% of @entity0 received >= 10 CTs, accounting for 37.2% of all @entity1 visits with a CT. The mean number of CTs per @entity0 varied nearly 20-fold across hospitals; the individual hospital accounted for the most variation in CT utilization. The median (IQR) cumulative effective radiation dose was 7.2 millisieverts (3.6-14.0) overall, and 33.4 millisieverts (27.2-43.8) among @entity0 receiving >= 10 CTs. CONCLUSIONS: A CT scan was obtained in half of @entity1 visits for @entity0 with a ventricular shunt, with wide variability in utilization by hospitals. Strategies are needed to identify @entity0 at risk of @entity2 to reduce variability in CT utilization and radiation exposure in the @entity1 .

title: Emergency Department Use of Computed Tomography for XXXX with Ventricular Shunts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Reports on the clinical meaningfulness of outcome measures in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are rare. In this two-part study, our aim was to explore @entity0 ' and caregivers' views on the clinical relevance of the Hammersmith Functional Motor Scale Expanded- (HFMSE). METHODS: First, we used focus groups including @entity1 @entity0 and caregivers to explore their views on the clinical relevance of the individual activities included in the HFMSE. Then we asked caregivers to comment on the clinical relevance of possible changes of HFMSE scores over time. As functional data of individual @entity0 were available, some of the questions were tailored according to their functional level on the HFMSE. RESULTS: Part 1: Sixty-three individuals participated in the focus groups. This included 30 caregivers, 25 @entity0 and 8 professionals who facilitated the discussion. The caregivers provided a comparison to activities of daily living for each of the HFMSE items. Part 2: One hundred and forty-nine caregivers agreed to complete the questionnaire: in response to a general question, 72% of the caregivers would consider taking part in a clinical trial if the treatment was expected to slow down deterioration, 88% if it would stop deterioration and 97% if the treatment was expected to produce an improvement. Caregivers were informed of the first three items that their @entity0 could not achieve on the HFMSE. In response 75% indicated a willingness to take part in a clinical trial if they could achieve at least one of these abilities, 89% if they could achieve two, and 100% if they could achieve more than 2. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the use of the HFMSE as a key outcome measure in @entity1 clinical trials because the individual items and the detected changes have clear content validity and clinical meaningfulness for @entity0 and their caregivers.

title: Content validity and clinical meaningfulness of the HFMSE in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of permissive @entity4 includes a restrained volume preclinical therapy. However, in the elderly @entity0 , this approach has raised concerns because of the increased cardiovascular risk profile and a higher incidence of @entity1 under normal conditions. The aim of the study was to examine whether preclinical administration of restrictive volume therapy in the elderly @entity0 can be safe. @entity0 AND METHODS: A retrospective matched-pair analysis with the data set of the TraumaRegister DGU(  ) (TR-DGU) was performed based on data of 176 pairs of totally 67,000 @entity0 . To address elderly potentially @entity3 @entity0 without major @entity5 the following inclusion criteria were chosen: @entity0 >= 60 years, ISS>= 16, @entity6 head<4, preclinical blood pressure between 60 and 100mmHg and recorded preclinical volume administration. @entity0 that met the inclusion criteria (908) were divided into two groups: pre-clinical volume resuscitation  <=1000ml (=low volume) and >1000ml (high volume). @entity0 with high- and low-volume fluid replacement were matched according to the following criteria: age group, gender, date of the accident   5 years, ISS, GCS, preclinical intubation, ground-/air-transport, pre-clinical blood pressure. RESULTS: Preclinical volume resuscitation showed a difference of about 1000ml between the "low volume" and "high volume" group. The "low volume" group showed a significantly elongated prothrombin time. The amount of blood products given in the emergency department was not significantly different. The ventilation was 2 days shorter in the "low volume", although the number of @entity0 with severe @entity2 was greater in this group. The length of stay in the ICU differed by 3 days in favour of the "low volume" group. The overall mortality was almost the same in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these data it can be assumed that the lower preclinical volume administration has a positive effect on the @entity7 status in elderly @entity0 . In spite of some limitations such as low number of matched pairs, we draw the cautious conclusion that a restrictive preclinical volume therapy is safe and also indicated in elderly @entity0 .

title: Limited volume resuscitation in XXXX elderly multiple trauma is safe and prevents early clinical dilutive coagulopathy - A matched pair analysis from TraumaRegister DGU(  ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Admission @entity4 levels correlate with clinical outcome in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) hospitalized in general medicine wards. OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether in-hospital @entity5 alone, and after adjustment for age, gender and @entity3 , correlates with in- and out-of-hospital mortality. METHODS: Capillary @entity4 , serum lipids and diagnoses at discharge among @entity0 with @entity1 hospitalized in the general medical wards of our hospital were documented. Correlation with in- and out-of-hospital mortality was determined through uni- and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Of the 4607 @entity0 included in the study 22% died while hospitalized. From a median of five capillary @entity4 tests obtained per @entity0 , average capillary @entity4 level was significantly lower in those who survived than in those who died (174    64 vs. 180    65 mg/dl, P = 0.005). Overall, blood @entity2 was higher in those who survived than in those who died (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis, however, including age, gender, @entity3 and glycemia, showed that only age and male gender correlated with mortality. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 was associated with increased in- and out-of-hospital mortality on univariate analysis. However, it was not an independent risk factor when corrected for age, gender and @entity3 .

title: @entity5 in @entity1 XXXX in General Medicine Wards: No independent correlation with In- and Out-Of-Hospital Mortality.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5 during or after cardiac surgery is a common finding that is associated with poor outcome. Very few data, however, are available regarding a correlation between admission blood @entity4 and outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Thus, the goal of the current study was to examine the relationship between admission blood @entity4 and outcome after emergency CABG surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis to evaluate whether admission @entity5 associated with increased morbidity or mortality was performed in @entity0 after emergency CABG surgery. The records of all the @entity0 undergoing emergency CABG surgery between January 1999 and December 2010 at the University of Virginia Health System were reviewed. Postoperative in-hospital mortality and complications were considered as study end points. RESULTS: A total of 240 @entity0 met the final inclusion criteria. Overall mortality was 14.1%. The median admission blood @entity4 in @entity0 who died 7.4 (interquartile range, 5.9-10.1) mmol/L was significantly higher compared with survivors 6.1 (interquartile range, 5.4-7.2; P < .01). Furthermore, 59% of the @entity0 who died had admission blood @entity4 levels higher than 6.6 mmol/L, whereas only 35% of the @entity0 who survived had similar blood @entity4 levels (P = .01). On multivariable analysis, admission blood @entity4 was identified as an independent risk factor for @entity3 after emergency CABG (P = .01; odds ratio, 1.16; 95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.29). Admission blood @entity4 was further identified as independently associated with increased risk for a composite outcome of @entity3 , @entity2 or @entity1 (P = .01; odds ratio, 1.14; 95% confidence interval, 1.03-1.27). CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows for the first time that admission blood @entity4 is correlated with increased morbidity and mortality among @entity0 undergoing emergency CABG surgery.

title: Admission XXXX is associated with poor outcome after emergent coronary bypass grafting surgery.

answer: @entity5


abstract: In October 2000, 71,187 @entity0 were treated for @entity2 using @entity1 and @entity3 ( @entity4 ) or @entity4 alone in Leogane, Haiti. We documented the frequency of adverse reactions, severity and cost of treatment. Adverse reactions were classified as minor, moderate, or severe. Overall, 24% (17,421) of the treated @entity0 reported one or more adverse reactions. There were 15,916 (91%) minor and 1502 (9%) moderate adverse reaction reports. @entity0 outnumbered @entity0 2:1 in reporting moderate problems. Three @entity0 , representing roughly one in 25,000 @entity0 treated, were hospitalized with severe adverse reactions judged to be treatment-associated by physician review. The cost per @entity0 treated for adverse reactions was more than twice the cost per @entity0 treated for @entity2 (dollar 1.60 versus dollar 0.71). Severe adverse reactions to @entity2 treatment using @entity4 with or without @entity1 are uncommon. Minor and moderate reactions are more commonly reported and their management represents a challenge to @entity2 elimination programs.

title: Frequency, severity, and costs of adverse reactions following mass treatment for XXXX using @entity3 and @entity1 in Leogane, Haiti, 2000.

answer: @entity2