abstract: BACKGROUND: The natural course of idiopathic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) varies, as it is known through favorable outcomes in most @entity0 . However, one third of @entity0 with idiopathic @entity1 will slowly progress to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). To prevent disease progression, @entity0 at high risk to develop @entity2 are treated with immunosuppressive agents. Therefore, a correct selection of @entity0 who need immunosuppressive treatment is important. METHODS: Here, we evaluated the prognostic value of anti- @entity4 antibody (anti- @entity4 ) levels regarding clinical outcome in a well-defined cohort of 73 @entity4 -related @entity1 @entity0 with long-term follow-up. At baseline, @entity0 were subdivided into @entity0 with either low or high antibody levels based on ELISA testing. RESULTS: Spontaneous remission rates were highest among @entity0 with low anti- @entity4 levels (79%; hazard ratio 2.72 (95% CI 1.22-6.08), p = 0.02) after a median follow-up of 2.9 (95% CI 0.8-5.0, p < 0.001) years, whereas high anti- @entity4 levels were associated with persistent @entity3 (p = 0.04) and/or the need for immunosuppressive therapy (p < 0.001). Renal survival rates were 97% at 5 years, 93% at 10 years, and 89% at 15 years; however, this was not different between the anti- @entity4 groups. @entity2 occurred significantly faster in @entity0 with severe @entity3 as compared to @entity0 with either mild (p = 0.02) or moderate @entity3 (p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Low anti- @entity4 levels may predict spontaneous remissions in @entity0 with @entity4 -related @entity1 . Therefore, we suggest that quantification of anti- @entity4 is of value to monitor these @entity0 .

title: Anti- @entity4 Antibodies as a Prognostic Factor in @entity4 -Related XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To develop a risk prediction model to preoperatively discriminate between benign, borderline, stage I invasive, stage II-IV invasive, and secondary metastatic @entity2 . DESIGN: Observational diagnostic study using prospectively collected clinical and ultrasound data. SETTING: 24 ultrasound centres in 10 countries. @entity0 : @entity0 with an ovarian (including para-ovarian and tubal) mass and who underwent a standardised ultrasound examination before surgery. The model was developed on 3506 @entity0 recruited between 1999 and 2007, temporally validated on 2403 @entity0 recruited between 2009 and 2012, and then updated on all 5909 @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Histological classification and surgical staging of the mass. RESULTS: The Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) model contains three clinical and six ultrasound predictors: age, serum CA-125 level, type of centre (oncology centres v other hospitals), maximum diameter of lesion, proportion of solid tissue, more than 10 cyst locules, number of papillary projections, acoustic shadows, and @entity3 . The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) for the classic discrimination between benign and @entity1 was 0.94 (0.93 to 0.95) on temporal validation. The AUC was 0.85 for benign versus borderline, 0.92 for benign versus stage I @entity1 , 0.99 for benign versus stage II-IV @entity1 , and 0.95 for benign versus secondary metastatic. AUCs between malignant subtypes varied between 0.71 and 0.95, with an AUC of 0.75 for borderline versus stage I @entity1 and 0.82 for stage II-IV versus secondary metastatic. Calibration curves showed that the estimated risks were accurate. CONCLUSIONS: The ADNEX model discriminates well between benign and @entity1 and offers fair to excellent discrimination between four types of @entity2 . The use of ADNEX has the potential to improve triage and management decisions and so reduce morbidity and mortality associated with adnexal pathology.

title: Evaluating the risk of XXXX before surgery using the ADNEX model to differentiate between benign, borderline, early and advanced stage invasive, and secondary metastatic @entity1 : prospective multicentre diagnostic study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether late surfactant treatment in extremely low gestational age (GA) newborn @entity0 requiring ventilation at 7-14  days, who often have surfactant @entity4 , safely improves survival without @entity5 ( @entity5 ). STUDY DESIGN: Extremely low GA newborn @entity0 (GA  <=28 0/7  weeks) who required mechanical ventilation at 7-14  days were enrolled in a randomized, masked controlled trial at 25 US centers. All @entity0 received inhaled @entity3 and either surfactant (calfactant/Infasurf) or sham instillation every 1-3  days to a maximum of 5 doses while intubated. The primary outcome was survival at 36  weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) without @entity5 , as evaluated by physiological @entity1 /flow reduction. RESULTS: A total of 511 @entity0 were enrolled between January 2010 and September 2013. There were no differences between the treated and control groups in mean birth weight (701      164  g), GA (25.2      1.2  weeks), percentage born at GA <26  weeks (70.6%), race, sex, severity of @entity2 at enrollment, or comorbidities of prematurity. Survival without @entity5 did not differ between the treated and control groups at 36  weeks PMA (31.3% vs 31.7%; relative benefit, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.75-1.28; P  =  .89) or 40  weeks PMA (58.7% vs 54.1%; relative benefit, 1.08; 95% CI, 0.92-1.27; P  =  .33). There were no between-group differences in serious adverse events, comorbidities of prematurity, or severity of @entity2 to 36  weeks. CONCLUSION: Late treatment with up to 5 doses of surfactant in ventilated premature @entity0 receiving inhaled @entity3 was well tolerated, but did not improve survival without @entity5 at 36 or 40  weeks. Pulmonary and neurodevelopmental assessments are ongoing. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01022580.

title: Randomized Trial of Late Surfactant Treatment in Ventilated Preterm XXXX Receiving Inhaled @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: LPSs are widely used to stimulate @entity4 , but their effects on ion channels in immune cells are poorly known. In THP-1 cells and @entity0 blood monocytes treated with @entity2 , inwardly rectifying @entity5 channel current (IKir, @entity2 ) newly emerged at 1 h, peaked at 4 h (-119    8.6 pA/pF), and decayed afterward (-32    6.7 pA/pF at 24 h). Whereas both the @entity9 and @entity11 mRNAs and proteins were observed, single-channel conductance (38 pS) of IKir, @entity2 and small interfering RNA-induced knockdown commonly indicated @entity11 than @entity9 . @entity2 -induced cytokine release and store-operated @entity1 entry were commonly decreased by @entity12 , a Kir2 inhibitor. Immunoblot, confocal microscopy, and the effects of vesicular trafficking inhibitors commonly suggested plasma membrane translocation of @entity11 by @entity2 . Both IKir, @entity2 and membrane translocation of @entity11 were inhibited by @entity8 ( @entity7 [ @entity7 ] inhibitor) or by transfection with small interfering RNA-specific @entity7  . Interestingly, pharmacological activation of @entity7 by @entity6 induced both @entity9 and @entity11 currents. The spontaneously decayed IKir, @entity2 at 24 h was recovered by PI3K inhibitors but further suppressed by an inhibitor of @entity10 (PIP3) phosphatase (phosphatase and tensin homolog). However, IKir, @entity2 at 24 h was not affected by Akt inhibitors, suggesting that the decreased @entity3 availability, that is, conversion into PIP3 by PI3K, per se accounts for the decay of IKir, @entity2 . Taken together, to our knowledge these data are the first demonstrations that IKir is newly induced by @entity4 stimulation via @entity7 -dependent membrane trafficking of @entity11 , and that conversion of @entity3 to PIP3 modulates @entity11 . The augmentation of @entity1 influx and cytokine release suggests a physiological role for @entity11 in @entity4 -stimulated monocytes.

title: Rise and Fall of @entity11 Current by @entity4 Signaling in @entity0 Monocytes: XXXX -Dependent Trafficking and PI3K-Mediated PIP2 Decrease.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity-associated @entity4 is difficult to treat and puts @entity0 at a substantially increased risk of cardiovascular events. @entity7 has previously been shown to effectively lower blood pressure (BP) in high-risk groups including @entity0 with @entity1 or @entity2 , and may therefore also be suitable for the treatment of @entity3 -associated @entity4 . In this study we aimed to: (a) assess the efficacy and tolerability of @entity7 alone and in combination with @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity3 -associated mild-to-moderate @entity4 ; and (b) investigate @entity0 -associated determinants of poor BP control in this @entity0 group. @entity0 AND METHODS: This was a 3-month, prospective, open-label, multicentre, phase IV study in 72 479 @entity4 @entity0 in 6989 general practices across Germany. Main outcome measures were @entity5 (primary parameter of effectiveness) and BP response rates after 3 months, as well as adverse events (AEs). Independent predictors of poor control were identified in a multivariate proportional odds model. RESULTS: All of the @entity0 were Caucasian, 50.5% were females, mean age was 62.1 +/- 11.1 years, mean bodyweight was 88.6 +/- 15.4kg, and mean body mass index (BMI) was 30.7 +/- 4.8 kg/m(2). Almost all the @entity0 were overweight or @entity3 (92.3%). From a baseline value of 162/94mm Hg, systolic and diastolic BP were reduced by a mean of -23/-12mm Hg after 3 months. 66.1% of the @entity0 were responders (reduction of diastolic BP >/=10mm Hg), and 48.0% achieved BP normalisation (i.e. <140/90mm Hg). 79% of @entity0 met their individual treatment goals as defined by the treating physician (mean 135/80mm Hg). AEs were reported in only 322 @entity0 (0.4%). Factors requiring special attention in @entity0 not achieving BP control were age (>55 years), high BMI category (>25 kg/m(2)), and increased waist circumference. CONCLUSION: Treatment with @entity7 (+/- @entity6 ) appeared to be effective and well tolerated in the study population of @entity0 with @entity3 - associated @entity4 . Easily recognisable characteristics allow physicians to identify @entity0 whose BP is likely to be difficult to control.

title: Antihypertensive effect of @entity7 and predictors of response in @entity3 -associated XXXX : a prospective, open-label study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Non-dippers are known to carry a high risk of @entity1 due to higher cumulative 24-h pressure load over time. In this study, we hypothesized that non-dippers would be associated with @entity4 in treated @entity3 @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 150 outpatients treated with antihypertensive drugs for at least 1 year were enrolled. The @entity0 were classified as non-dippers if their daytime ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP did not decrease by at least 10% during the night. LV diastolic function was assessed by measuring mitral inflow velocity (E), early diastolic mitral annulus tissue velocity (E') and LV systolic function was assessed by measuring systolic tissue velocity (S'), longitudinal systolic strain and strain rate. RESULTS: The Cornell voltage product, LA volume index and LV mass index was significantly higher in non-dippers. Early diastolic mitral annulus tissue velocity (E') was lower and E/E' was higher in non-dippers suggestive of @entity2 . Systolic tissue velocity (S'), systolic strain and strain rate were significantly lower in non-dippers suggestive of @entity4 . The non-dipper status, controlled for age, sex and LV mass index showed significant correlation with E' (beta=-0.203, P=0.002), E/E' (beta=0.354, P<0.001), S' (beta=-0.231, P=0.002), strain (beta=-0.162, P=0.040) and strain rate (beta=-0.186, P=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed the non-dippers in treated @entity3 @entity0 were associated with @entity4 and early @entity5 . Further studies to demonstrate the long term prognostic significance of this finding is warranted.

title: Non-dippers are associated with XXXX (R1).

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) associated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) can be severe and is well known to reduce mobility early in the disease. However the burden of @entity2 is unknown and overlooked. We studied the frequency of @entity2 and their impact on quality of life. METHODS: A cross-sectional study of 60 @entity0 who had @entity4 -IgG positive @entity3 associated @entity6 was performed using the Bladder Control Scale, Lower Urinary Tract Quality of Life, Bowel Control Scale and Neurogenic Bowel Score, Short-Form-36 Health Survey and EDSS. The relationships between the variables were analysed with multiple linear regression. RESULTS: Fifty @entity0 and 10 @entity0 participated. 78% (47/60) @entity0 reported @entity2 and a similar number reported bowel problems. 87% (52/60) @entity0 reported either @entity2 . 65% (39/60) developed residual symptoms after the first episode of @entity5 and the remaining by the second episode. Both @entity2 reduced quality of life and required modification of lifestyle in 83% (39/47) and 70% (33/47) respectively. CONCLUSION: Bladder and @entity1 is very common in @entity3 associated @entity5 developing early in the disease and significantly affects quality of life.

title: Bladder and XXXX affect quality of life. A cross sectional study of 60 @entity0 with @entity4 antibody positive @entity3 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Some authors suggest that single joint (SJ) exercises promote greater muscle @entity2 because they are easier to be learned and therefore have less reliance on neural factors. On the other hand, some authors recommend an emphasis on @entity3 ( @entity3 ) exercises for maximizing muscle strength, assuming that @entity3 exercises are more effective than SJ exercises because they enable a greater magnitude of weight to be lifted. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to compare the effects of @entity3 vs. SJ exercises on muscle size and strength gains in untrained young @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Twenty-nine young @entity0 , without prior resistance training experience, were randomly divided into two groups. One group performed (n = 14) only @entity3 exercises involving the elbow flexors (lat. pull downs), while the other (n = 15) trained the elbow flexors muscles using only SJ exercises (biceps curls). Both groups trained twice a week for a period of ten weeks. The volunteers were evaluated for peak torque of elbow flexors (PT) in an isokinetic dynamometer and for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) by ultrasonography. RESULTS: There were significant increases in @entity1 of 6.10% and 5.83% for @entity3 and SJ, respectively; and there were also significant increases in PT for @entity3 (10.40%) and SJ (11.87%). However, the results showed no difference between groups pre or post training for @entity1 or PT. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that @entity3 and SJ exercises are equally effective for promoting increases in upper body muscle strength and size in untrained @entity0 . Therefore, the selection between SJ and @entity3 exercises should be based on individual and practical aspects, such as, equipment availability, movement specificity, individual preferences and time commitment.

title: Single vs. Multi-Joint Resistance Exercises: Effects on Muscle Strength and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Activation of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) confers cardioprotection, while its mechanism remains elusive. We investigated the protective effect of @entity5 activation against @entity1 -reperfusion injury in terms of the expression of uncoupling protein ( @entity6 ). @entity3 size and @entity6 expression were measured in @entity0 treated with @entity8 20   mg/kg, a @entity5 ligand, or vehicle. @entity8 increased @entity7 expression in vivo. @entity3 size was decreased in the @entity8 group (76    8% versus 42    12%, P<0.05). During reperfusion, the incidence of @entity4 was higher in the control group compared with the @entity8 group (9/10 versus 3/10, P<0.05). H9c2 cells were incubated for 24   h with @entity8 or vehicle. @entity8 increased @entity7 expression in H9c2 cells. @entity8 decreased @entity2 -stimulated ROS production. Cells treated with @entity8 were more resistant to @entity2 -reoxygenation than the untreated cells. Knocking-down @entity7 by siRNA prevented @entity8 from attenuating the production of ROS. @entity7 siRNA abolished the effect of @entity8 on cell viability against @entity2 -reoxygenation. In summary, administration of @entity5 agonist @entity8 mitigated the extent of @entity3 and incidence of reperfusion-induced @entity4 . @entity5 activation conferred cytoprotective effect against @entity2 -reoxygenation. Associated mechanisms involved increased @entity7 expression and resultant attenuation of ROS production.

title: Protective Effect of XXXX Activation against @entity1 -Reperfusion Injury Is Related to Upregulation of Uncoupling Protein-3.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Successful therapy of @entity8 in adults and @entity0 with @entity3 -vasopressin ( @entity9 ) has been reported previously. Data on the use of @entity10 in neonates is limited. This retrospective study reports the effects of AVP-treatment in neonates with @entity11 -resistant systemic vasodilatation after cardiopulmonary bypass. From March 2003 through December 2005, 172 neonates underwent open-heart surgery, 17 developed vasopressor-resistant @entity5 and were treated with AVP. Thirteen @entity0 had a stage I palliation of single ventricle, two had a Ross-operation and two had an arterial switch operation. All @entity0 received multiple traditional inotropes and vasopressors prior to administration of AVP. AVP was started at median 0.0001 U x kg(-1) x @entity7 ) (range 0.00005-0.0002) and titrated up to a maximum of median 0.0003 U x kg(-1) x @entity7 ) (range 0.0001-0.001). AVP led to a significant increase in blood pressure (from 49+/-8 mmHg to 69+/-7 mmHg) and the requirement of traditional vasopressors decreased significantly. No peripheral vasoconstriction or @entity1 was observed. Four of 13 @entity0 , all with single ventricle palliation, died. In two @entity0 @entity2 occurred due to additional complications 6 days after AVP was discontinued. One @entity0 , who was still on AVP, died 42 hours postoperatively after prolonged @entity4 not responding to inhaled @entity6 . One @entity0 arrested on the third postoperative day when AVP was almost weaned. CONCLUSION: In neonates with @entity8 after cardiopulmonary bypass AVP is a potent agent to increase blood pressure when traditional vasopressors are failing.

title: XXXX -vasopressin in neonates with @entity8 after cardiopulmonary bypass.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 and @entity2 are major clinical problems in birds. Achieving bone formation and clinical union in a @entity1 case is important for the survival of the bird. To evaluate the efficacy of bone grafts for @entity0 in birds, 2 different bone grafts were investigated in the healing of a bone defect in 24 healthy pigeons ( @entity5 ). In each bird, a 1-cm @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was created in the left ulna, and the @entity1 was stabilized with external skeletal fixation (ESF). A graft of @entity3 (HA) alone (n = 12 birds) or demineralized bone matrix (DBM) combined with HA (n = 12 birds) was implanted in the @entity4 . The @entity4 healing was evaluated at 3 endpoints: 3, 6, and 12 weeks after surgery. Four birds were euthanatized at each endpoint from each treatment group, and bone graft healing in the ulna @entity4 was evaluated by histologic examination. The @entity4 and graft implants were evaluated for quality of union, cortex development, and bone graft incorporation. Results showed no graft rejection in any bird, and all birds had connective tissue formation in the defect because of the bone graft application. These results suggest that bone @entity0 can be achieved by a combination of osteoinductive and osteoconductive bone graft materials for clinical union and new bone regeneration in birds. The combination of DBM and HA resulted in a better quality bone graft (P < .05) than did HA alone, but there was no significant differences in cortex development or bone graft incorporation at 3, 6, or 12 weeks. From the results of this study, we conclude that HA bone grafts, alone or in combination with DBM, with external skeletal fixation is suitable and safe for bone defect and @entity1 treatment in pigeons.

title: Histologic Evaluation of Critical Size Defect Healing With Natural and Synthetic Bone Grafts in the Pigeon ( XXXX ) Ulna.

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: To investigate incidence of @entity1 and related hospitalization among @entity0 treated at our institute by a short course of palliative cranial radiotherapy against a longer, widely established schedule. BACKGROUND: Shorter schedule palliative cranial radiotherapy is more convenient for @entity0 and reduce waiting times. Although many studies have established safety of short schedules, the need for hospitalization due to acute @entity1 remains under-explored. Hospital admissions are an economic burden both for the @entity0 and healthcare system in a limited resource setting. Delivery of treatment on an outpatient basis and within shorter times is preferred by @entity0 , caregivers and healthcare staff. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a prospective study on 68 @entity0 treated with palliative whole brain radiotherapy between November 2010 and October 2012. One group received 20  Gy in 5 fractions over 1 week and the other group, 30  Gy in 10 fractions over 2 weeks. @entity1 due to cranial radiotherapy was assessed as per RTOG acute and late @entity1 criteria. Need for hospitalization owing to acute @entity1 was also noted. Significant differences in the study parameters between the two groups were calculated by Fisher's t-test. RESULTS: Requirement for hospital stay due to acute @entity1 was not significantly different between the two groups. @entity0 in both groups experienced similar @entity1 both during and after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The shorter course entailed no significant increase in @entity1 related admissions, suitable for limited resource settings where @entity0 transport is difficult, there are financial constraints, and the healthcare system is overburdened.

title: Incidence of hospitalization in XXXX receiving short course palliative cranial radiotherapy on outpatient basis in a limited resource setting - Experience from a regional cancer center in India.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 are common age-related conditions. In both cross-sectional and longitudinal epidemiologic studies, low bone mass has been related to increased frequency of @entity1 . But available data in geriatric population is limited. In this study we aimed to seek the possible relationship between @entity4 and low @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in a large number of geriatric @entity0 . A total of 2235 @entity0 aged 65 years or more were included in this cross-sectional study. All @entity0 underwent a complete geriatric assessment and evaluated for @entity4 and cardiovascular risk factors. @entity2 was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck. @entity2 results were classified into three groups; normal (T-score: >= -1.0 S.D.), @entity5 (T-score between -1.0 and -2.5 S.D.), and @entity3 (T-score:  <=-2.5 S.D.). @entity4 was present in 397 (29.7%) of 1335 @entity0 with @entity3 , in 199 (27.4%) of 726 @entity0 with @entity5 and in 34 (19.5%) of 174 @entity0 with normal @entity2 . Multivariate regression analysis revealed that presence of @entity3 or @entity5 increased the prevalence of @entity4 as an independent correlate (OR=1.643; 95% CI=1.068-2.528, p=0.030). This study highlights the need for careful evaluation of elderly @entity0 with low @entity2 for possible @entity4 .

title: Coexistence of @entity3 ( XXXX ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the elderly: it is not just a by chance event.

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study was performed to investigate the utility of transcranial color Doppler sonography in evaluating adult @entity4 . Twelve @entity0 with such @entity2 underwent sonography. Spectral Doppler sonographic assessment included peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and resistive index within the intracranial and extracranial vessels. Color Doppler sonography was used to visualize the site of shunting. Paired and unpaired Student's t-tests were used to determine significance of spectral findings. The nidus was seen in eight of 10 pial @entity2 . The nidi in two @entity0 were located in the parietal region and not visualized. When compared with the corresponding contralateral artery, feeding arteries (identified in all 10 of the @entity1 ) demonstrated diminished resistive indices (P = 0.09). Similarly, the end diastolic velocity was increased in all feeding arteries (P = 0.03). When compared with published normal values, the peak systolic and end diastolic velocities were significantly elevated and the resistive indices were low (P < 0.0003). Transcranial color Doppler sonography depicted the nidi of @entity3 in 80% of cases. Feeding arteries demonstrated abnormal peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, and resistive index in all cases when compared with published values. Transcranial color Doppler sonography is not a good screening tool due to limited acoustical window, but it may be useful for noninvasive study of the physiology of @entity3 as they are treated.

title: Transcranial color Doppler imaging of brain XXXX in adults.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Despite frequent use of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy ( @entity2 ) for enteral feeding, the relationship between it and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) remains an incompletely answered question. We conducted this study to compare the @entity1 between the same @entity0 fed with a nasogastric (NG) tube and later with a @entity2 tube. METHODS: We enrolled 15 @entity0 who had received NG tube feeding for > 6 months and were about to receive @entity2 tube insertion. We used Ponsky's pull method with 24 Fr feeding tubes. They received two @entity1 scans, one just before @entity2 tube insertion and another 1 week after insertion. We drew regions of interest of radioactivity in the esophagus and stomach manually. The ratios of radioactivity of the region of interest in the esophagus over the stomach ( @entity1 ratio) were calculated to evaluate the severity of @entity1 and compared. RESULTS: The @entity1 ratios of these @entity0 were all small and <3% except one that was 4.7% in one @entity0 before @entity2 tube insertion. There was a small but substantial decrease (65% risk reduction) in @entity1 ratio after @entity2 tube insertion. After arcsine transformation, the difference in the transformed data between @entity0 fed with an NG tube and after @entity2 tube insertion was significant (t= 2.46, p = 0.028), and was lower after @entity2 tube insertion. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates by scintigraphy a small but significant reduction of @entity1 after shifting from NG to @entity2 tube feeding.

title: Changes in @entity1 in XXXX with nasogastric tube followed by percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The @entity5 intrastrand DNA cross-link arises from the bis-alkylation of tandem N(6)-dA sites in DNA by R,R-butadiene diepoxide (BDO(2)). The oligodeoxynucleotide 5'-d(C(1)G(2)G(3)A(4)C(5)X(6)Y(7)G(8)A(9)A(10)G(11))-3'.5'-d(C(12)T(13)T(14)C(15)T(16)T(17)G(18)T(19)C(20)C(21)G(22))-3' contains the BDO(2) cross-link between the second and third adenines of the codon 61 sequence (underlined) of the @entity0 @entity4 protooncogene and is named the (S,S)-BD-(61-2,3) cross-link (X,Y = cross-linked adenines). NMR analysis reveals that the cross-link is oriented in the major groove of duplex DNA. @entity1 pairing is perturbed at base pair X(6).T(17), whereas base pairing is intact at base pair Y(7).T(16). The cross-link appears to exist in two conformations, in rapid exchange on the NMR time scale. In the first conformation, the beta-OH is predicted to form a @entity3 bond with T(16) O(4), whereas in the second, the beta-OH is predicted to form a @entity3 bond with T(17) O(4). In contrast to the (R,R)-BD-(61-2,3) cross-link in the same sequence (Merritt, W. K., Nechev, L. V., Scholdberg, T. A., Dean, S. M., Kiehna, S. E., Chang, J. C., Harris, T. M., Harris, C. M., Lloyd, R. S., and Stone, M. P. (2005) Biochemistry 44, 10081-10092), the anti-conformation of the two @entity2 groups at C(beta) and C(gamma) with respect to the C(beta)-C(gamma) bond results in a decreased twist between base pairs X(6).T(17) and Y(7).T(16), and an approximate 10 degrees bending of the duplex. These conformational differences may account for the differential mutagenicity of the (S,S)- and (R,R)-BD-(61-2,3) cross-links and suggest that stereochemistry plays a role in modulating biological responses to these cross-links (Kanuri, M., Nechev, L. V., Tamura, P. J., Harris, C. M., Harris, T. M., and Lloyd, R. S. (2002) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 15, 1572-1580).

title: Structure of the @entity5 intrastrand DNA cross-link arising from butadiene diepoxide in the @entity0 XXXX codon 61 sequence.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The utility of computed tomographic perfusion (CTP)-based @entity0 selection for intra-arterial treatment of acute @entity2 has not been proven in randomized trials and requires further study in a cohort that was not selected based on CTP. Our objective was to study the relationship between CTP-derived parameters and outcome and treatment effect in @entity0 with acute @entity2 because of a proximal intracranial @entity3 . METHODS: We included 175 @entity0 who underwent CTP in the Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of Endovascular Treatment for Acute @entity2 in The Netherlands (MR CLEAN). Association of CTP-derived parameters ( @entity1 -core volume, penumbra volume, and percentage @entity1 core) with outcome was estimated with multivariable ordinal logistic regression as an adjusted odds ratio for a shift in the direction of a better outcome on the modified Rankin Scale. Interaction between CTP-derived parameters and treatment effect was determined using multivariable ordinal logistic regression. Interaction with treatment effect was also tested for mismatch (core <70 mL; penumbra core >1.2; penumbra core >10 mL). RESULTS: The adjusted odds ratio for improved functional outcome for @entity1 core, percentage @entity1 core, and penumbra were 0.79 per 10 mL (95% confidence interval: 0.71-0.89; P<0.001), 0.82 per 10% (95% confidence interval: 0.66-0.90; P=0.002), and 0.97 per 10 mL (96% confidence interval: 0.92-1.01; P=0.15), respectively. No significant interaction between any of the CTP-derived parameters and treatment effect was observed. We observed no significant interaction between mismatch and treatment effect. CONCLUSIONS: CTP seems useful for predicting functional outcome, but cannot reliably identify @entity0 who will not benefit from intra-arterial therapy.

title: Value of Computed Tomographic Perfusion-Based XXXX Selection for Intra-Arterial Acute @entity2 Treatment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to its concave morphology, a COL creates difficulties for proper oral hygiene. When this characteristic is accentuated by tooth position or caries and when restorations are necessary, they should be corrected by preprosthetic surgery. However, there are no data proving the efficacy of the procedures. The purpose of this study was to evaluate tissue response to preprosthetic surgery to modify COL morphology. METHODS: Five mongrel @entity2 received apically positioned flaps, osteotomy/plasty, and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) on the maxillary right third bicuspid and first molar; on the same teeth on the left side, a large tissue excision similar to gingivectomy and @entity1 were performed. Histologic specimens stained with hematoxylin and eosin and Mallory were evaluated at hour 0 and 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks under light microscopy. RESULTS: At hour 0, @entity3 in the remaining interproximal tissue on the left side, and denuded bone modified by the osteotomy on the right side, were observed. At 1 week, both sides showed the presence of granulation tissue and the beginning of reepithelialization and fiber formation. At 2 weeks, the papillae were rebuilt and epithelialized, with fewer inflammatory cells and dilated blood vessels, with a convex morphology. At 3 weeks, the papillae were convex and saddle shaped, with thicker epithelium and denser connective tissue. The general aspect was similar to @entity4 . However, on the right side, the total extension of the interproximal tissues was longer and had a less accentuated convex curvature. At 4 weeks, the tissues were more mature, but the morphologic and histological findings were similar to 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: Both techniques modified the COL morphology, suggesting that the @entity1 technique was effective; but the apically positioned flap with osteotomy and @entity1 created a more extensive convex surface and more interproximal space for the prosthesis. It is recommended that this technique be considered for use in @entity0 .

title: Preprosthetic periodontal surgery in the interproximal area with modification of the COL area: anatomic and histologic study in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Nodular lymphocyte predominant @entity1 (nLPHL) comprises approximately 10-12% of all childhood @entity1 . As the majority have low stage disease recent years have seen a de-escalation of treatment intensity to avoid treatment-related morbidity. This report evaluates treatment outcome in @entity0 with histopathological variants of nLPHL after therapy de-escalation. Biopsies from 60 @entity0 were reviewed and histology categorized as typical (n  =  47; 78%) or variant nLPHL (n  =  13; 22%). Furthermore, presence of immunoglobulin D (IgD) expression by the lymphocyte predominant (LP) cells was assessed in 41 @entity0 . Treatment outcomes were compared according to treatment received and histopathology of nLPHL. Compared to typical nLPHL, @entity0 with variant nLPHL had higher stage disease at diagnosis (stage III: 3/13; 23% vs. 3/47; 6%, P  =  0  11), lower complete response rates (6/13; 46% vs. 38/47; 81%, P  =  0  029) and higher relapse rates (2/13; 15% vs. 2/47; 4%, P  =  0  20). Additionally, IgD expression by LP cells was associated with poorer treatment response and was more commonly seen in @entity0 with variant nLPHL. (11/13; 85% vs. 15/28; 54%, P  =  0  08). Variant histology appears to be indicative of a poorer prognosis in @entity0 with early stage disease, and may be an important factor to take into account when moving towards reduced intensity treatment for nLPHL.

title: Childhood and Adolescent nodular lymphocyte predominant XXXX - A review of clinical outcome based on the histological variants.

answer: @entity1


abstract: One hundred and forty-one attempts at percutaneous transhepatic variceal obliteration were made in 116 @entity0 with portal @entity1 complicated by @entity3 . Varices were successfully obliterated in 80% of procedures and included 37 @entity0 with continuous, @entity3 . @entity3 ceased immediately in these @entity0 . Sixty-five percent of @entity0 rebled a mean of 4.6 mo after successful transhepatic variceal obliteration. A randomized controlled trial against conventional medical therapy (29 treatment, 25 control) failed to show a significant reduction in death rate after transhepatic sclerotherapy, although the onset of further @entity3 was delayed. Follow-up portography in 50 @entity0 demonstrated new vessel formation in 38 @entity0 and recanalization of previously occluded varices in 5 @entity0 . Complications arose in 29 of 141 procedures. There was one death but all the other complications responded to conservative management. Transhepatic variceal obliteration is an excellent, safe emergency treatment for @entity3 , especially in @entity0 with decompensated @entity2 . A high incidence of rebleeding is a long-term disadvantage and means that transhepatic variceal obliteration should not be used for the prophylaxis of @entity3 . Successful emergency treatment of @entity3 should be followed by elective portal decompression in suitable @entity0 .

title: Role of percutaneous transhepatic obliteration of varices in the management of XXXX from gastroesophageal varices.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twenty-five normotensive @entity0 were subjected to two periods of mental stress involving a cognitive task and a competitive electronic game. Plasma @entity4 , heart rate and blood pressure were measured before and during mental stress. @entity6 to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation was also determined in each subject by measurement of heart rate responses to bolus injections of @entity5 . Both periods of mental stress were associated with significant @entity1 , heart rate and plasma @entity3 , but not plasma @entity2 . Heart rate responses to mental stress varied widely, with increases ranging from 1 to 48 (mean +/- SD 13.5 +/- 10.6) beats/min for the cognitive task and from 2 to 49 (20.4 +/- 14.0) beats/min for the electronic game. Systolic blood pressure responses also varied widely and showed significant positive correlations with heart rate responses. Significant relationships were found between heart rate responses to both forms of mental stress and cardiac sensitivity to @entity5 , subjects with low responsiveness to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation tending to have smaller heart rate responses to mental stress than subjects with high responsiveness to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation. Relationships were also found between plasma adrenaline responses and heart rate responses to mental stress, although these did not reach significance. Considerably improved relationships were found when heart rate responses were correlated with a single variable generated from the product of the adrenaline response and the inverse of the dose of @entity5 required to raise heart rate by 25 beats/min. It is concluded that wide variation is shown between different individuals in responsiveness to beta-adrenoceptor stimulation and that this is an important factor in the variability between individuals in heart rate and systolic blood pressure responses to mental stress. Both @entity4 and adrenoceptor-mediated responses to @entity4 should be examined when determining the physiological basis for differences in cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress between individuals or groups.

title: Beta-adrenoceptor responsiveness and plasma XXXX as determinants of cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report the methods and clinical results of CT-based interstitial @entity6 ( @entity6 ) brachytherapy procedures for the palliative treatment of recurrent @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 44 brachytherapy implants were performed in 38 @entity0 . CT-guided catheter implants were performed in 34 @entity0 under local anesthesia and sedation, and four @entity0 were implanted intraoperatively. Of 40 CT-guided implants, 20 were done using metallic needles introduced via the sacrum and 20 were transperineal implants of plastic tubes in the presacral region. Postimplant CT scans were used for three-dimensional (3-D) conformal brachytherapy planning. @entity0 implanted with metallic needles were given a single fraction of 10-15 Gy using @entity6 (192)Ir, and those who received transperineal implants of plastic catheters were given fractionated brachytherapy, 5 Gy twice daily to a total dose of 30-40 Gy. The median @entity1 volume was 225 cm(3) with a range of 41-2,103 cm(3). RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 23.4 months, a total of 13/38 @entity0 were alive. The median postbrachytherapy survival was 15 months with 18 of the 25 deaths due to distant metastases. @entity1 response was as follows: 6/38 partial remission, 28/38 stable disease, and 4/38 local progression. A planning target volume ( @entity5 ) coverage > 85% was achieved in 42/44 implants. The treatment was well tolerated, and no acute complications were observed. One @entity0 developed a @entity4 after 8 months. @entity2 relief was recorded in 34 @entity0 (89.5%), and the median duration of this palliative effect was 5 months with a range of 1-13 months. CONCLUSIONS: Interstitial @entity6 brachytherapy is a valuable tool for the delivery of high doses and achieves effective palliation in recurrent @entity3 .

title: Palliative interstitial @entity6 brachytherapy for recurrent XXXX . Implantation techniques and results.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have been used to treat @entity3 . However, the number of EPC that can be obtained from adult blood is limited. OBJECTIVE: To characterize endothelial-like cells obtained from @entity0 bone marrow and determine their ability to stimulate new blood vessel formation in vivo. METHODS: Mononuclear cells (MNC) were isolated from @entity0 bone marrow or umbilical cord blood and cultured in endothelial growth medium (EGM-2). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) were isolated from bone marrow and induced to differentiate into endothelial-like cells (MSCE), or adipocytes or osteocytes by growth in EGM-2, adipogenic or osteogenic medium. RESULTS: Cells obtained by culturing bone marrow MNC in EGM-2 formed cord- or tube-like structures when grown on Matrigel(TM) and expressed several endothelial marker proteins. However, cell morphology and the profile of endothelial marker protein expression were different from those of cord blood-derived EPC (cbEPC). Cells with a similar phenotype were obtained by differentiation of MSC into MSCE, which was accompanied by an increase of endothelial marker proteins and a diminished capacity to differentiate into adipocytes. Subcutaneous implantation of MSCE in collagen plugs in non-obese @entity1 -severe combined @entity4 (NOD- @entity5 ) @entity2 resulted in formation of functional blood vessels that had incorporated the MSCE. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that MSCE and cbEPC are different cell types. The formation of functional blood vessels by MSCE, combined with high yields and a reduced capacity to differentiate into other cell types compared with MSC, makes these cells potentially useful for autologous therapy of @entity3 .

title: Characterization of endothelial-like cells derived from XXXX mesenchymal stem cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship between gastric emptying and the efficacy of an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor in @entity3 @entity0 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Sixteen @entity3 @entity0 (4 @entity0 treated with diet therapy alone and 12 receiving a @entity4 ) were given 0.6 mg of @entity5 daily for 4 weeks. The efficacy of @entity5 was assessed by measurement of HbA1c, fasting plasma @entity1 , and 45- and 120-min postprandial plasma @entity1 (PPG) and serum insulin concentrations before and after the 4 weeks of @entity5 therapy. Gastric emptying was evaluated using the proportional cumulative area under the absorption curve (% AUC) of plasma @entity2 concentration at 60 min after ingestion of a liquid test meal containing 20 mg/kg of @entity2 . These measurements were also taken before and after the therapy. RESULTS: The change in the 45-min PPG levels from the fasting state correlated significantly with the % AUC of the plasma @entity2 concentrations (r = 0.625, P = 0.0096) before the @entity5 administrations. The mean 45-min and 2-h PPG levels were reduced significantly after 4 weeks of @entity5 (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). Two-hour postprandial serum insulin concentrations were also significantly reduced at the end of the treatment period (P < 0.05). The changes in the PPG levels between pre- and posttreatment periods correlated significantly with the % AUC of the plasma @entity2 concentrations before the treatment period (r = 0.499, P = 0.0490; r = 0.713, P = 0.0019, respectively). There was no significant difference in the plasma @entity2 concentrations between pre- and posttreatment periods. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of gastric emptying affects the efficacy of @entity5 therapy in @entity3 @entity0 . @entity5 did not however alter the rate of gastric emptying.

title: Relationship between gastric emptying and an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor effect on postprandial hyperglycemia in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Pair-rule genes were identified and named for their role in segmentation in embryos of the long germ insect @entity0 . Among short germ insects these genes exhibit variable expression patterns during segmentation and thus are likely to play divergent roles in this process. Understanding the details of this variation should shed light on the evolution of the genetic hierarchy responsible for segmentation in @entity0 and other insects. We have investigated the expression of homologs of the @entity0 Pax @entity2 genes paired, @entity1 and @entity1 -neuro in short germ flour beetles and grasshoppers. During @entity0 embryogenesis, paired acts as one of several pair-rule genes that define the boundaries of future parasegments and segments, via the regulation of segment polarity genes such as @entity1 , which in turn regulates @entity1 -neuro, a gene expressed later in the developing nervous system. Using a crossreactive antibody, we show that the embryonic expression of Pax @entity2 genes in both the flour beetle Tribolium and the grasshopper Schistocerca is remarkably similar to the pattern in @entity0 . We also show that two Pax @entity2 genes, pairberry1 and pairberry2, are responsible for the observed protein pattern in grasshopper embryos. Both pairberry1 and pairberry2 are expressed in coincident stripes of a one-segment periodicity, in a manner reminiscent of @entity0 @entity1 and @entity1 -neuro. pairberry1, however, is also expressed in stripes of a two-segment periodicity before maturing into its segmental pattern. This early expression of pairberry1 is reminiscent of @entity0 paired and represents the first evidence for pair-rule patterning in short germ grasshoppers or any hemimetabolous insect.

title: Pax XXXX genes and the evolution of insect pair-rule patterning.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The role of laparoscopic approach for the treatment of malignant @entity2 is still controversial. The aim of this study was to verify the results of laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the management of @entity1 . The medical records of all the @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic procedures for @entity2 and in whom @entity1 was demonstrated at final histology were reviewed. Nine @entity0 were included (3 malignant @entity4 , 4 @entity3 and 2 adrenal metastases). At a mean follow-up of 17.0 +/- 12.8 months (range, 2-36), all but two @entity0 were alive and disease free. One @entity0 died for unrelated causes. No @entity0 developed local or port site recurrence. The results of this study demonstrate that laparoscopic adrenalectomy can be safe and effective also in case of @entity1 . Conversion to open surgery in mandatory in case of local invasion and when the dissection cannot be as accurate as in conventional operations. A preliminary laparoscopic exploration can be planned in case of suspected malignant lesions to confirm the diagnosis and to evaluate their operability.

title: [Laparoscopic adrenalectomy in the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE AND @entity0 : One hundred and forty-one @entity0 with recent joint @entity2 , aged 12-71 years, were imaged on a 0.2-T dedicated MRI system and evaluated for @entity1 . The most beneficial sequences were compared. DESIGN: The diagnosis of post-traumatic @entity3 was established in 20 of 141 @entity0 on the basis of decreased signal intensity on T1-weighted SE and GRE sequences and increased signal intensity on T2-weighted TSE and fat-suppressed IRGE sequences. Signal changes within the bone marrow were evaluated and statistically correlated with normal bone. RESULTS: The highest signal alteration was found on T1-weighted SE and GRE sequences, followed by IRGE, which detected smaller differences in signal intensity. T2-weighted TSE imaging showed the least contrast. The areas with bone marrow changes were approximately equal in size on T1-weighted SE and T2-weighted TSE sequences. The same areas depicted on IRGE and GRE sequences proved to be significantly larger (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Using a 0.2-T dedicated system T1-weighted SE, T1-weighted GRE and IRGE sequences were most effective in detecting conspicuous bone marrow alteration, while the T2-weighted TSE sequence was inferior. GRE and IRGE imaging showed areas about 4 times larger depicting bone marrow changes. On suspicion of @entity1 , a protocol including GRE and IRGE pulse sequences could be most beneficial.

title: A comparison of pulse sequences in the detection of post-traumatic XXXX at low field strength MRI.

answer: @entity3


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To show that in selected cases transvaginal NOTES can be a frugally innovative approach for adhesiolysis and that it can be performed in a low-cost setting. DESIGN: Step-by-step explanation of the technique using videos and pictures (educative video). @entity0 AND MEASUREMENTS: A 51-year old (para 2, gravida 2) presented with meso- and @entity2 . Two years before, an @entity4 had been repaired using a Proceed Ventral Patch mesh. The diagnosis of @entity2 caused by adhesions was made, and laparoscopic adhesiolysis was planned. On ultrasound, a @entity1 was visualized. Because of the suspected umbilical location of the adhesions, we decided to use a transvaginal NOTES approach to perform adhesiolysis and left adnexectomy. Pathological examination confirmed a small benign papillary serous adenofibroma of the ovary. INTERVENTIONS: A transvaginal NOTES approach to perform adhesiolysis combined with left adnexectomy using only standard reusable laparoscopic instruments and a low-cost self-constructed NOTES port. MAIN RESULTS: The procedure and postoperative recovery were uneventful. No minor or major complications occurred. The @entity0 has been cured of her @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Transvaginal NOTES is a novel approach that requires further validation. This case report shows that transvaginal NOTES can be used to perform adhesiolysis for @entity3 and that it can be performed in a low-cost setting without the need for expensive ports or disposable instruments.

title: Poor XXXX 's NOTES: Can It Be a Good Approach for Adhesiolysis? A First Case Report With Video Demonstration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: At the end of gastrulation in avians and mammals, the endoderm germ layer is an undetermined sheet of cells. Over the next 24-48 h, endoderm forms a primitive tube and becomes regionally specified along the anterior-posterior @entity0 . @entity6 is expressed in gastrulation and somite stage embryos in the vicinity of posterior endoderm that gives rise to the posterior gut. Moreover, the posterior endoderm adjacent to @entity6 -expressing mesoderm expresses the FGF-target genes @entity1 suggesting that endoderm respond to an FGF signal in vivo. Here, we report the first evidence suggesting that @entity6 -mediated signaling is required for establishing gut tube domains along the A-P @entity0 in vivo. At the gastrula stage, exposing endoderm to recombinant @entity6 protein results in an anterior shift in the @entity2 and CdxB expression domains. These expression domains remain sensitive to @entity6 levels throughout early somite stages. Additionally, @entity6 represses the anterior endoderm markers @entity7 and @entity4 and disrupts foregut morphogenesis. FGF signaling directly patterns endoderm and not via a secondary induction from another germ layer, as shown by expression of dominant-active @entity3 specifically in endoderm, which results in ectopic anterior expression of @entity2 . Loss-of-function studies using the FGF receptor antagonist @entity5 demonstrate that FGF signaling is necessary for establishing midgut gene expression and for maintaining gene expression boundaries between the midgut and hindgut from gastrulation through somitogenesis. Moreover, FGF signaling in the primitive streak is necessary to restrict @entity7 expression to anterior endoderm. These data show that FGF signaling is critical for patterning the gut tube by promoting posterior and inhibiting anterior endoderm cell fate.

title: FGF signaling is necessary for establishing gut tube domains along the anterior-posterior XXXX in vivo.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the degree of @entity9 ( @entity9 )-like damage under different stress conditions in neonatal @entity0 . METHODS: 5-day-old C57BL/6 @entity0 were assigned to: (A) breastfed and no stress factors; (B) breastfed+maternal separation (3  h daily); (C) breastfed+ @entity2 +lipopolysaccharide ( @entity3 -4  mg/kg/day); (D) @entity4 formula+ @entity2 + @entity3 . @entity0 were killed at 9  days of life. Ileum and colon were stained for @entity5 / @entity6 and blindly assessed. A scoring >= 2 was considered @entity9 . Data were compared using one-way ANOVA and reported as median (range). RESULTS: Ileum-Mucosal injury was mild in group B (0.0-1). @entity2 + @entity3 induced @entity1 in group C (1.6, 1-2.5; p  <  0.0001 to B) and D (2, 0.5-3.5; p  <  0.0001 to B). There were no differences between group C and D (p  =  n.s.). There were no cases of @entity9 in group A or B, whereas @entity9 was present in 36  % group C and 68  % group D @entity0 . Colon-a similar degree of @entity8 was observed among group B (2, 1-3), C (1.7, 0-3) and D (1.5, 1-3; p  =  n.s.). @entity9 was present in 75  % of group B, 50  % of group C and 86  % of group D. CONCLUSION: These models establish a spectrum of @entity7 and are useful to investigate the variability of neonatal @entity7 , such as @entity9 .

title: A spectrum of XXXX models in neonatal @entity0 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 may not achieve adequate low-density lipoprotein @entity3 (LDL-C) lowering on statin monotherapy, attributed partly to @entity4 . More intensive LDL-C-lowering therapy can be considered for these @entity0 . A previous randomized, controlled study demonstrated greater LDL-C lowering in @entity1 @entity0 with symptomatic @entity2 who switched from @entity6 20 mg (S20) or @entity5 10 mg (A10) to combination @entity7 / @entity6 10/20 mg (ES10/20) therapy, compared with @entity9 dose-doubling (to S40 or A20) or switching to @entity10 10 mg (R10). The effect of these regimens on novel biomarkers of @entity4 (low- and high-density lipoprotein particle number and @entity8 [ @entity8 ]) was assessed. METHODS AND RESULTS: Treatment effects on low- and high-density lipoprotein particle number (by NMR) and @entity8 (by ELISA) were evaluated using plasma samples available from 358 subjects in the study. Switching to ES10/20 reduced low-density lipoprotein-particle number numerically more than did statin dose-doubling and was comparable with R10 (-133.3, -94.4, and -56.3 nmol/L, respectively; P>0.05). Increases in high-density lipoprotein particle number were significantly greater with switches to ES10/20 versus statin dose-doubling (1.5 and -0.5  mol/L; P<0.05) and comparable with R10 (0.7  mol/L; P>0.05). Percentages of @entity0 attaining low-density lipoprotein particle number levels <990 nmol/L were 62.4% for ES10/20, 54.1% for statin dose-doubling, and 57.0% for R10. Switching to ES10/20 reduced @entity8 activity significantly more than did statin dose-doubling (-28.0 versus -3.8 nmol/min per mL, P<0.05) and was comparable with R10 (-28.0 versus -18.6 nmol/min per mL; P>0.05); effects on @entity8 concentration were modest. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 @entity0 with @entity4 , switching from statins to combination ES10/20 therapy generally improved lipoprotein subclass profile and @entity8 activity more than did statin dose-doubling and was comparable with R10, consistent with its lipid effects. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00862251.

title: Effect of Switching From Statin Monotherapy to @entity7 / @entity6 Combination Therapy Compared With Other Intensified Lipid-Lowering Strategies on Lipoprotein Subclasses in XXXX @entity0 With @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We collected 75 primary @entity1 with @entity5 , or sarcomatous elements to better define their clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical profile. The @entity0 's age ranged from 42 to 81 years (mean 65 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 9.7:1. Sixty-nine @entity0 (92%) were smokers. Cough and hemoptysis were the most frequent presenting symptoms. Fifty-nine @entity0 (65%) died of disease: only stage significantly predicts overall survival (p = 0.0273). Microscopically, based on the WHO criteria, 58 cases were classified as @entity3 (51 with an epithelial component, 7 composed exclusively of spindle and giant cells), 10 as @entity3 , 3 as @entity11 , 3 as @entity9 , and 1 as @entity12 . Immunohistochemically, in the @entity2 composed exclusively of spindle and/or giant cells, @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity8 were positive in 55% and 70% of the cases, respectively, whereas @entity7 was always negative. In @entity3 with an epithelial component, @entity8 , @entity10 , and @entity7 were positive in the sarcomatoid component in 62.7%, 43.1%, and 5.9% of the cases, respectively, whereas they were always negative in the sarcomatous part of @entity9 and @entity12 . In the epithelial component of @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity10 , and @entity7 were positive in 76.4%, 58.8%, and 39.2% of the cases, respectively, whereas the same antibodies did not react with the epithelial component of @entity9 ; in the case of @entity12 , the epithelial part of the @entity2 was positive for @entity8 and @entity10 , whereas it was negative for @entity7 . @entity6 was always negative. In our opinion, this study: 1) supports the metaplastic histogenetic theory for this group of @entity2 ; 2) shows that @entity8 and @entity10 , but not @entity7 , are useful immunohistochemical markers in this setting; 3) confirms that stage is at the moment the only significant prognostic parameter, as in conventional @entity4 ; and 4) shows that this group of @entity2 has a worse prognosis than @entity4 at surgically curable stages I, justifying their segregation as an independent histologic type in the WHO classification.

title: @entity1 with XXXX , or sarcomatous elements: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 75 cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) are a diverse group of materials finding increasing use in manufacturing, computing, food, pharmaceuticals, and biomedicine due to their very small size and exceptional properties. Health and safety concerns for ENMs have forced regulatory agencies to consider preventive measures and regulations for workers' health and safety protection. Respiratory system @entity3 from inhalable ENMs is the most important concern to health specialists. In this review, we focus on similarities and differences between conventional microparticles (diameters in mm and  m), which have been previously studied, and nanoparticles (sizes between 1 and 100 nm) in terms of size, composition, and mechanisms of action in biological systems. In past decades, respirable particulate matter (PM), asbestos fibers, crystalline @entity5 , and various amorphous dusts have been studied, and epidemiological evidence has shown how dangerous they are to @entity0 health, especially from exposure in working environments. Scientific evidence has shown that there is a close connection between respirable PM and pulmonary oxidative stress through the generation of reactive @entity2 species (ROS) and reactive @entity4 species (RNS). There is a close connection between oxidative stress in the cell and the elicitation of an inflammatory response via pro-inflammatory gene transcription. Inflammatory processes increase the risk for @entity1 . Studies in vitro and in vivo in the last decade have shown that engineered nanoparticles (ENPs) at various doses can cause ROS generation, oxidative stress, and pro-inflammatory gene expression in the cell. It is assumed that ENPs have the potential to cause acute @entity1 in @entity0 . The situation regarding chronic exposure at low doses is more complicated. The long-term accumulation of ENPs in the respiratory system cannot be excluded. However, at present, exposure data for the general public regarding ENPs are not available.

title: Potential XXXX and safety evaluation of nanomaterials for the respiratory system and @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Subjects were 227 @entity0 with acute @entity5 of 17,146 @entity0 seen at our ear, nose, and throat (E.N.T.) outpatient clinic from October 1994 through September 2000. Of these, 45 suffered from profound and moderate @entity7 diagnosed when the arithmetical mean of hearing thresholds at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 KHz was 40 dB or worse. Of the 30 @entity0 whose medical treatment was started within 7 days of onset, 18 (60%) showed excellent or complete recovery of hearing, whereas none of the 15 whose treatment was started 8 days or late after onset showed satisfactory improvement. In general, the sooner treatment was started, the better hearing recovered. Idiopathic acute low-tone @entity5 was found in 111 (49%) @entity0 with a female preponderance at a M:F ratio of 1:2.3, but no gender difference was seen in other diseases. The most common symptom was a feeling of pressure or fullness in the affected ear. Only 16% of @entity0 were aware of their hearing disturbance. Some 73 (66%) showed complete recovery. @entity9 was diagnosed in 13, in whom hearing improved in only 2 (15%). Probable @entity9 was diagnosed in 9 @entity0 who had 1 definitive episode of vertigo with low-tone @entity5 , and their prognosis was good. The prognosis in 7 @entity0 with @entity3 due to @entity10 and 1 with @entity3 was good, but normal hearing was not restored in 1 with mumps or 1 with @entity8 . A @entity0 with @entity6 had @entity3 and @entity2 toward the affected ear. Attacks of vertigo were controlled by diuretic therapy, but hearing recovery occurred by a little less than 10 dB. Some 35 @entity0 had mild idiopathic @entity3 and prognosis was relatively good. Hearing was disturbed after @entity4 in 2 and after nose blowing in 1, probably attributable to concussion of the labyrinth or the formation of a perilymphatic @entity1 . The diagnosis of this condition could not be made with certainty by surgical exploration of the ear.

title: [Acute XXXX in 277 outpatient cases].

answer: @entity5


abstract: Among 111 hearts with so-called "isolated" @entity7 , 18 specimens were found to have a subaortic perimembranous defect with an overriding aortic valve but without @entity4 . The ventricular architecture was characterized by several abnormalities. A constant finding was the wide right ventricular outflow tract. The outlet septum had its normal continuity with the septomarginal trabecula, but its parietal extension was located relatively far anteriorly. Part of the aortic valve thus inserted to the right ventricular component of the ventriculo-infundibular fold in the gap between the outlet septum and the tricuspid valve. @entity6 comprised mitral @entity2 in all cases. There was an anteroseptal twist (leftward thickening of the anterior part of the ventricular septum) in 16 cases. A bicuspid aortic valve and/or malformed cusps were observed in 4 cases. Because of the linking phenomenon of aortic override, we also examined 10 hearts with @entity1 and, in the latter, such abnormalities were not found. Our observations indicate that this seemingly simple type of defect is part of a complex @entity3 involving both septation and valve formation. Awareness of the existence of the @entity5 might make them accessible for echocardiographic diagnosis. It was noteworthy that 11 of the 18 @entity0 had @entity8 , 9 of them presenting with @entity9 .

title: Abnormal architecture of the ventricles in hearts with an overriding aortic valve and a perimembranous XXXX ("Eisenmenger VSD").

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: A prerequisite for endoscopic treatment (ET) of not only mucosal, but also submucosal early @entity7 ( @entity8 ) would be a rate of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity1 below the mortality rate of esophagectomy (2-5  %). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the rate of @entity5 @entity1 in @entity0 with pT1b @entity4 @entity8 . METHODS: 1996-2010, 1,718 @entity0 with suspicion of @entity8 were referred to the Department of Internal Medicine II at HSK Wiesbaden. In 123/1718 @entity0 , the suspicion (endoscopic ultrasound, EUS) or definitive diagnosis of @entity4 @entity8 (ER/surgery) was made. Rate of @entity5 @entity1 was analyzed separately for low-risk (LR; G1-2, L0, V0) and high-risk lesions (HR; G3, @entity6 ). @entity5 @entity1 was only evaluated in @entity0 who had a proven maximum invasion depth of @entity4 (ER and/or surgery), and who in case of ET had a follow-up (FU) by EUS of at least 24  months. RESULTS: Of the 72/123 @entity0 included into the study, 49 @entity0 had LR (68  %) and 23 @entity2 (32  %). In endoscopically treated LR @entity0 (37/49), mean EUS-FU was 60      30  mo (range 25-146); in HR @entity0 undergoing ET (6/23), it was 63      17  mo (46-86; p  =  0.4). Mean number of resected @entity5 was 27      16 (12-62) in operated LR @entity0 and 27      10 (12-47) in HR- @entity0 . The rate of @entity5 @entity1 was 2  % in the LR (1 @entity0 ) and 9  % in the HR group (2 @entity0 ; p  =  0.24). Mortality of esophagectomy was 3  %. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of @entity5 @entity1 in pT1b @entity4 early @entity3 with histological LR pattern was lower than the mortality rate of esophagectomy. ER may therefore be used alternatively to surgery in this group of @entity0 .

title: The frequency of XXXX in early-stage @entity7 with @entity1 (pT1b @entity4 ) depending on histological risk patterns.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bioprosthetic heart valves (BHV) fabricated from @entity6 pretreated heterograft materials, porcine aortic valves or @entity1 pericardium (BP), are widely used in cardiac surgery. BHV progressively fail in clinical use due to @entity2 . Previously we reported that @entity8 , an oxidized @entity3 , was present in failed clinical BP-BHV explants; unimplanted BP had no detectable @entity8 . In the same studies BP were demonstrated in vitro to be susceptible to oxidative damage, that could be mitigated with BP covalently modified with the antioxidant, 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl)propyl amine ( @entity7 ). The present studies compared in @entity0 subdermal implants @entity6 pretreated BP to BP modified with either @entity7 or the chemical reactions used to link @entity7 . All BP explants regardless of @entity7 demonstrated reduced @entity4 and increased digestibility by collagenase. However, the @entity7 -BP explants showed significant inhibition of reduced explant shrink temperatures (an index of crosslinking) as compared with control BP. Significant mitigation of @entity5 was observed in both the BP-DBP and chemically modified explants as compared with BP. @entity8 was not detectable in the 90 day explants. It is concluded that @entity0 subdermal BP implants undergo both calcific and noncalcific @entity2 , but without the formation of @entity8 , unlike clinical BP explants.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2014.

title: The effects of the covalent attachment of 3-(4-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenyl) propyl amine to @entity6 pretreated @entity1 pericardium on XXXX , oxidative modification, and @entity5 of @entity0 subdermal implants.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Controversy still exists concerning the diagnosis and treatment of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Although surgical removal of the affected lobe is the most commonly accepted form of treatment, detection of milder or even asymptomatic cases is usually followed by a more conservative management of @entity0 , i. e. non-surgical treatment and follow-up. We therefore decided to evaluate our @entity0 with @entity4 , placing special emphasis on treatment and diagnostic techniques. We also evaluated quantitative analyses of alveolar diameters. Fourteen @entity0 with @entity4 were analysed retrospectively, including age, sex, clinical picture, localisation, diagnostic and surgical modalities and histopathologic diagnosis. The alveolar diameters of affected lobes were compared with those of the lobectomised @entity0 with other @entity3 . All @entity0 but one had severe respiratory distress as an initial symptom. All @entity0 , except newborns, had a history of @entity2 . All cases underwent thoracic CT examination as the main radiologic method. In all of the @entity0 , only one lobe was affected. We found an obvious mediastinal shift and atelectasis of adjacent lobes due to compression of the affected lobe. The affected lobe was therefore surgically removed in all of the @entity0 . In one case, we had to carry out a partial lobectomy to reduce the duration of the operation, due to an intraoperative fall of @entity1 saturation. All of the @entity0 had an uneventful clinical course postoperatively. The alveolar diameters of the cases with @entity4 were significantly greater than those of the control @entity0 . We think that the majority of cases with @entity4 have too severe respiratory distress to avoid surgical removal of affected lobe. Conservative management should be reserved only for @entity0 with milder symptoms or no distress at all.

title: XXXX : a clinicopathologic evaluation of 14 cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Interaural level and time differences ( @entity2 and ITD), the primary binaural cues for sound localization in azimuth, are known to modulate the tuned responses of neurons in @entity0 auditory cortex (AC). The majority of these neurons respond best to cue values that favor the contralateral ear, such that contralateral bias is evident in the overall population response and thereby expected in population-level functional imaging data. @entity0 neuroimaging studies, however, have not consistently found contralaterally biased binaural response patterns. Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to parametrically measure @entity2 and ITD tuning in @entity0 AC. For @entity2 , contralateral tuning was observed, using both univariate and multivoxel analyses, in posterior superior temporal gyrus (pSTG) in both hemispheres. Response- @entity2 functions were U-shaped, revealing responsiveness to both contralateral and-to a @entity1 values, consistent with rate coding by unequal populations of contralaterally and ipsilaterally tuned neurons. In contrast, for ITD, univariate analyses showed modest contralateral tuning only in left pSTG, characterized by a monotonic response-ITD function. A multivoxel classifier, however, revealed ITD coding in both hemispheres. Although sensitivity to @entity2 and ITD was distributed in similar AC regions, the differently shaped response functions and different response patterns across hemispheres suggest that basic @entity2 and ITD processes are not fully integrated in @entity0 AC. The results support opponent-channel theories of @entity2 but not necessarily ITD coding, the latter of which may involve multiple types of representation that differ across hemispheres.

title: Tuning to Binaural Cues in XXXX Auditory Cortex.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective To determine the efficacy of hydroxyurea therapy on transfusion-dependent @entity1 @entity0 . Methods This study collected articles from databases, applied inclusion and exclusion criteria, and analyzed them for bias. The effects of hydroxyurea on transfusion requirements were categorized according to the following definitions. 'Good responders' were @entity0 who became transfusion independent after treatment. 'Moderate responders' were @entity0 who were still transfusion dependent, however, experienced a significant decline in their transfusion requirements. 'Poor responders' were defined as @entity0 who did not respond to hydroxyurea. Results A total of 13 studies met all the inclusion and exclusion criteria providing a total of 1196 study @entity0 . The weighted average of the odds ratio using the random effect model (P  <  0.001) was determined to be 0.493 for good responders, 0.270 for moderate responders, and 0.229 for poor responders. Discussion Until now, there has not been any double-blinded placebo-controlled studies performed looking at the effectiveness of hydroxyurea with this regard, and this substantially limits this meta-analysis. More studies should be conducted to determine whether hydroxyurea preferentially treats particular type of mutations over others. Conclusion This study suggests that hydroxyurea provides some benefit to @entity0 , and therefore, in certain clinical situations, it may be understandable to start a trial therapy of hydroxyurea to qualifying @entity0 . However, a double-blinded placebo-controlled studies should be performed before its efficacy can be considered established.

title: Meta-analysis on effectiveness of hydroxyurea to treat transfusion-dependent XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Most of the @entity1 do not change substantially their size for years. In some of the cases they grow, which may correlate to complaints and a risk of complications. Due to the rarity and the benign nature of the pathology, the surgical tactics and the technical methods have not been fully clarified. The goal of the present study is to present the experience of the Department of General and Liver-pancreatic Surgery in the surgical treatment of @entity1 against data of the specialized literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In the January 1995-March 2013 period, 101 @entity0 were subjected to @entity1 surgery at the Department of General and Liver-pancreatic Surgery, UH "Alexandrovska" Sofia. Main demographic, clinical, diagnostic and surgical procedures have been analyzed. RESULTS: Of 101 operated @entity0 , 27 (26.7%) were male and 74 (73.3%)--female, aged 25- 77, mean age--50.7. The focal lesion was successfully diagnosed with diagnostic imaging methods: 96.9% with US, 98.3% with CT and 100 % with MRI. We established diagnostic specificity of 60.3%, 55.0% and 85.7%, respectively. The following interventions were performed: 14 large liver resections of three and more segments, 35 @entity3 , 35 enucleations and enucleoresections and 30 mono- and bisegmentectomies. @entity2 were observed with 6 (5.9%) @entity0 . None of the @entity0 died. CONCLUSION: The combination of modern non-invasive imaging methods reaches diagnostic sensitivity and specificity sufficient to identify the @entity1 and take a decision on the therapeutic conduct. The possibilities for surgical treatment is limited and is applied upon strict indications. Liver resections in different volume and enucleations should be applied after correct selection of @entity0 , so as to ensure minimum risk of morbidity and mortality.

title: XXXX --surgical point of view.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of stent placement in the management of @entity9 after curative surgery for @entity7 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: From September 1995 to April 2007, percutaneous transhepatic portal venous stent placement was attempted in 19 @entity0 with postoperative @entity9 . @entity9 was a complication of surgery in 11 @entity0 and caused by @entity1 recurrence in eight @entity0 . The clinical manifestations were @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity6 , esophageal varices, and @entity5 . Stents were placed in the stenotic or occluded lesions after percutaneous transhepatic portography. Technical and clinical success, stent patency, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: Stent placement was successful in 18 @entity0 (technical success rate, 95%). Clinical manifestations improved in 16 @entity0 (clinical success rate, 84%). The mean patency period among the 18 @entity0 with technical success was 21.3    23.2 months. The mean patency period of the benign stenosis group (30.1    25.6 months) was longer than that of the @entity1 recurrence group (7.3    7.7 months), and the difference was statistically significant (p = 0.038). There were two cases of a minor complication (transient fever) and three cases of major complications ( @entity3 , @entity10 , and @entity2 ). CONCLUSION: Percutaneous transhepatic stent placement can be safe and effective in relieving @entity9 after curative surgery for @entity7 . @entity0 with benign stenosis had more favorable results than did those with @entity1 recurrence.

title: Percutaneous transhepatic stent placement in the management of @entity9 after curative surgery for XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity12 ( @entity13 ) is an oral alkylating agent that has been used over the past 8  years to treat aggressive @entity9 resistant to conventional therapy. To date, only 25 @entity0 treated with @entity13 for ACTH producing @entity9 (14 @entity5 and 11 @entity3 ) have been reported. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We present  a retrospective review of the medical records of three @entity0 with aggressive ACTH producing @entity5 treated with @entity13 . In the three cases there was evidence of progression to conventional therapy before starting @entity13 . We used the conventional scheme for the treatment of @entity2 until completing 7, 12 and 6 cycles respectively. Reduction in @entity1 size was evident after the 3rd, 5th and 4th cycle of @entity13 and progression free survival was 25, 19 and more than 12  months in the three @entity0 respectively. Improvement of the ocular and visual symptoms was evident after the 4th cycle of treatment in all cases. Normalization of urinary free @entity7 levels was achieved after the 3rd and 9th cycle in the two cases with @entity6 . Two of the three @entity0 received a second course of treatment when the disease progressed but it did not stop @entity1 progression. The principal side effects were G3 @entity11 , G1 and G2 @entity8 , @entity14 , @entity10 and @entity4 . CONCLUSION: The treatment with @entity13 is effective and safe in @entity0 with aggressive @entity1 resistant to conventional therapy. Nevertheless once the disease progresses, a second course of treatment does not seem to be effective.

title: @entity12 for aggressive ACTH XXXX : failure of a second course of treatment.

answer: @entity9


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) on sexual ability, activity and satisfaction and to relate the findings to neurological status, functioning and well-being. A total of 92 @entity1 @entity0 (65 @entity0 , 27 @entity0 ) participated. Their ages ranged from 20-70 years (median 40 years); the median age at injury was 32 years, ranging from 16-56 years. The elapsed time since injury ranged from 1-20 years (median 9 years). The @entity0 were examined according to a procedure including neurological examination, self-assessment of general health status and functioning and mood, and collection of data on social conditions. A structured study-specific questionnaire was developed to assess various aspects of sexuality before and after the injury. Fifty-three of the @entity0 had a stable partner relationship at the time of the investigation. This study showed that a @entity1 commonly alters sexual functioning as well as desire. Many of the respondents reported decreased ability to achieve an erection, decreased ability to experience organism, decreased sexual desire and diminished frequency of intercourse. A high degree of physical independence and maintained sexual ability were the most important predictors for sexual adjustment. Considering that many @entity1 @entity0 in this study reported physiological sexual disturbances and decreased sexual ability, it is important to inform @entity0 about possibilities of optimizing their sexual ability. Organized programmes of sexuality education should be an integral component of @entity1 rehabilitation.

title: Sexual adjustment and its predictors after XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Intensive weight-supported treadmill training (WSTT) improves locomotor function following @entity3 . Because of a number of factors, undergoing intensive sessions of training may not be feasible. Whether reduced amounts of training are sufficient to enhance spinal plasticity to a level that is necessary for improving function is not known. The focus of the present study was to assess differences in @entity1 and spinal plasticity as a function of the amount of steps taken during WSTT in a rodent model of @entity3 . @entity0 were spinally transected at 5 days of age. When they reached 28 days of age, a robotic system was used to implement a weight-supported treadmill training program of either 100 or 1000 steps/training session daily for 4 weeks. Antibodies for @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity5 , and the pre-synaptic marker, @entity6 , were used to examine the expression of these proteins in the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord. @entity0 that received weight-supported treadmill training performed better stepping relative to untrained @entity0 , but only the @entity0 that received 1000 steps/training session recovered locomotor function that resembled normal patterns. Only the @entity0 that received 1000 steps/training session recovered normal levels of @entity6 immunoreactivity around motor neurons. Weight-supported treadmill training consisting of either 100 or 1000 steps/training session increased @entity4 immunoreactivity in the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord. @entity5 expression in the ventral horn was not affected by spinal cord transection or weight-supported treadmill training. @entity6 expression, but not @entity4 or @entity5 expression was correlated with the recovery of stepping function. These findings suggested that a large amount of weight-supported treadmill training was necessary for restoring synaptic connections to motor neurons within the locomotor generating circuitry. Although a large amount of training was best for recovery, small amounts of training were associated with @entity2 in function and increased @entity4 levels.

title: Differential effects of low versus high amounts of weight supported treadmill training in spinally transected XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association of prognostic factors of feline mammary gland @entity2 , correlating them with @entity7 ( @entity7 ). METHODS: Fifty-six primary @entity2 and 16 metastatic lymph nodes from 37 female @entity6 were analyzed. Clinical staging, histologic type and grade, and immunohistochemistry for Ki-67, @entity8 and @entity4 receptor, @entity0 epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 ( @entity9 ), @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were evaluated. Follow-up was performed in order to correlate prognostic factors with @entity7 . RESULTS: Lymph node @entity1 was found in 35% of cases. Clinical stage III, @entity5 and histologic grade II cases prevailed in the study. Most @entity2 were positive for hormonal receptors, negative for @entity9 overexpression and presented @entity3 overexpression. Immunoreactivity for Ki-67 (P = 0.046) and @entity10 (P = 0.007) was higher in @entity1 than in primary @entity2 . @entity10 (P = 0.089), @entity9 (P = 0.012) and histologic grade (P = 0.080) were correlated with @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: The data suggest that inhibition of ovarian hormones and @entity10 may represent a therapeutic option for malignant feline mammary gland @entity2 . @entity10 scores and Ki-67 index should be analyzed in primary @entity2 and @entity1 , and histologic grade, @entity9 status and @entity10 scores had a direct influence in @entity7 . Prognostic factors allow for a better understanding of disease outcome in a condition that is characterized by a poor prognosis. The present work highlights the need for further studies on endocrine therapy and @entity10 inhibitors, which could influence @entity7 .

title: Evaluation of prognostic factors and survival rates in malignant feline mammary gland XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The alterations in cortical morphology, such as cortical thinning, observed in @entity2 , may be the outcome of interacting genetic and environmental effects. It has been suggested that urban upbringing may represent a proxy environmental effect impacting @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Therefore, the current study examined whether the association between group as a proxy genetic variable ( @entity0 with @entity2 [high genetic risk], healthy siblings of @entity0 [intermediate risk] and healthy control subjects [average risk]) and @entity1 was conditional on different levels of the childhood urban environment and whether this was sex-dependent. METHODS: T1-weighted MRI scans were acquired from 89 @entity0 with a @entity2 , 95 non-psychotic siblings of @entity0 with @entity2 and 87 healthy control subjects. Freesurfer software was used to measure @entity1 . Developmental urban exposure was classified as low, medium, and high, reflecting the population density and the number of moves between birth and the 15th birthday, using data from the Dutch Central Bureau of Statistics and the equivalent database in Belgium. Multilevel regression analyses were used to examine the association between group, sex, and urban upbringing (as well as their interactions) and cortical @entity1 as the dependent variable. RESULTS: @entity1 was significantly smaller in the @entity0 group compared to the controls (B = -0.043, p <0.001), but not in the siblings compared to the controls (B = -0.013, p = 0.31). There was no main effect of developmental urbanicity on @entity1 (B = 0.001, p = 0.91). Neither the three-way group * urbanicity * sex interaction (  2 = 3.73, p = 0.16), nor the two-way group * urbanicity interaction was significant (  2 = 0.51, p = 0.77). CONCLUSION: The negative association between (familial risk for) @entity2 and @entity1 was not moderated by developmental urbanicity, suggesting that reduced @entity1 is not the outcome of familial sensitivity to the proxy environmental factor 'urban upbringing'.

title: No Evidence of Association between Childhood Urban Environment and Cortical Thinning in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of oral @entity4 ( @entity5 ) in @entity0 with @entity2 (CSC). METHODS: This is an interventional, prospective uncontrolled clinical trial, which included 23 eyes of 23 consecutive @entity0 presenting with chronic symptomatic CSC and persistent subretinal fluid (SRF) for longer than 3 months. All @entity0 were treated with 7.5   mg/week of oral @entity5 for 12 weeks. The best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), SRF, and total macular volume recorded by monthly optical coherence tomography were analyzed. Complete blood count and serum liver enzymes level were monitored. RESULTS: Mean duration of CSC was 13 months (3-36 months). Mean BCVA improved from 20/40 at baseline to 20/30 at the third month and 20/28 at the sixth month (P=0.002 and 0.003, respectively). Mean @entity3 decreased from 375    m at baseline to 278    m and 265    m at the third and sixth month (P=0.002 and 0.007, respectively). Mean total macular volume decreased from 9.33   mm(3) at baseline to 8.48 and 8.31   mm(3) at the third and sixth month (P=0.001 and 0.001, respectively). Thirteen (62%) eyes achieved complete resolution of SRF. No @entity5 -associated @entity1 was detected. CONCLUSION: Low-dose oral @entity5 may be an alternative therapeutic option for the treatment of chronic CSC. This study paves the way for a randomized clinical trial comparing the effects of @entity5 treatment with photodynamic therapy or observation.

title: Treatment of XXXX with Oral @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE BACKGROUND: Mycobacterium simiae has been identified as the most prevalent slow growing mycobacteria that has been isolated among Iranian @entity0 . Due to an importance of molecular approaches in the treatment of nontuberculosis mycobacteria, this study aimed to evaluate molecular drug susceptibility testing against the first-line ( @entity3 and @entity5 ) and second-line ( @entity4 - @entity6 and @entity7 ) treatment in different subtypes of M. simiae. METHODS: The study involved all @entity0 presenting to our referral @entity2 center from March 2014 to August 2016, with confirmation of M. Simiae. For all sputum samples, after digestion and decontamination, followed by DNA extraction, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was performed using the @entity8 gene. Furthermore, susceptibility to @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity7 were evaluated using rpoB, @entity9 , katG, gyrA, and rrs genes, respectively. RESULTS: In total, 60 cases (58.33% @entity0 and 41.66% @entity0 ) of M. simiae @entity1 were identified and all were confirmed as subtype I. All the @entity0 were resistant to the first line- @entity2 drugs, while 88.33% and 91.66% of cases were susceptible to @entity4 and both @entity6 and @entity7 , respectively. CONCLUSION: Regarding the given result, first-line @entity2 drugs should be excluded from the treatment regimen of M. simiae @entity0 . In addition, subtype I seems to be the most or even the only isolated M. simiae subtype among all Iranian @entity0 . While both @entity6 and @entity7 drugs showed better efficacy in the treatment M. simiae, the most susceptible antibiotic is still indeterminate.

title: Molecular drug susceptibility testing against the first-line ( @entity3 and XXXX ) and second-line ( @entity4 - @entity6 and @entity7 ) treatment in different subtypes of Mycobacterium simiae.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 after cardiopulmonary bypass is a common problem, especially in @entity0 suffering from @entity2 . The efficacy of @entity3 ( @entity4 ) as a prophylactic treatment for @entity1 after pediatric open-heart surgery has not been determined. This meta-analysis investigates the efficacy of @entity4 in the minimization of bleeding and blood transfusion and the maintenance of coagulation tests after pediatric open-heart surgery. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify all randomized clinical trials on the subject. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and the Chinese Medical Journal Network were screened. The primary outcome used for the analysis was @entity1 . Secondary outcomes included postoperative blood transfusion, re-exploration rate and @entity1 tests. The mean difference (MD) and risk ratio (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used as summary statistics. RESULTS: Five trials were included in this meta-analysis of 515 @entity0 . Prophylactic @entity4 was associated with a @entity1 , but this difference did not reach statistical significance (MD: -7.08; 95% CI: -16.11 to 1.95; P = 0.12). @entity0 treated with @entity4 received fewer postoperative blood transfusions, including packed red blood cells (MD: -8.36; 95% CI: -12.63 to -4.09; P = 0.0001), fresh frozen plasma (MD: -3.85; 95% CI: -5.63 to -2.08; P < 0.0001), and platelet concentrate (MD: -10.66; 95% CI: -18.45 to -2.87; P = 0.007), and had a lower re-exploration rate (RR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.23 to 0.92; P = 0.03). Prophylactic @entity4 also improved coagulation tests 6 hours after open-heart surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic @entity4 minimizes postoperative blood transfusion and helps @entity5 in pediatric @entity0 undergoing open-heart surgery. Therefore, the results of this study indicate that adjunctive @entity4 is a good choice for the prevention of postoperative blood transfusion following pediatric cardiac surgery.

title: XXXX reduces blood transfusion and improves the coagulation test after pediatric open-heart surgery: a meta-analysis of 5 clinical trials.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) are not easily quantified. We describe a model for quantifying RWMA by referencing regional amplitude and phase angle changes to global LV systole in eight anesthetized, open-chest @entity1 . Regional and total LV volumes (conductance catheter), regional shortening (epicardial piezoelectric crystals), and LV pressure were measured before, during, and after transient @entity3 -induced apical RWMA. Regional phase angle (alpha) was defined as the relative distance, measured in degrees, that regional minimal volume differs from global end-systole. We compared maximal @entity0 volume (SV) with effective SV (that portion of regional SV contributing to total LV SV). Regional effective SV was also calculated from our model as the product of cosine alpha and regional maximal SV. @entity3 delayed apical end-systolic alpha (14.3 degrees +/- 11.4 degrees versus 35.7 degrees +/- 8.0 degrees baseline versus @entity3 , P < 0.05) and decreased apical effective SV (2.4 +/- 0.3 versus 1.7 +/- 0.3 mL, P < 0.05), while apical maximal SV and total LV SV were not altered. Piezoelectric crystal dimension changes mirrored regional SV changes. We conclude that effective SV and phase angle analysis are more sensitive measures of regional @entity2 when RWMA exist than are measures of maximal regional SV. IMPLICATIONS: In a @entity1 model of regional @entity2 induced by @entity3 , effective regional @entity0 volume and phase angle analyses are more sensitive measures of regional @entity2 than measures of maximal regional @entity0 volume that do not account for phase shifts.

title: Modeling of asynchronous XXXX by effective @entity0 volume analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bacteria cope with and adapt to stress by modulating gene expression in response to specific environmental cues. In this study the transcriptional response of @entity2 to osmotic, oxidative, and @entity0 stress conditions at two time points was investigated via identification of differentially expressed mRNAs and sRNAs. A total of 440 small RNA transcripts were detected, where 10% correspond to previously annotated sRNAs, 40% to novel intergenic transcripts and 50% to novel transcripts antisense to annotated genes. Each stress elicits a unique response as far as the extent and dynamics of the transcriptional changes. Nearly 200 protein-encoding genes exhibited significant changes in all stress types, implicating their participation in a general stress response. Almost half of the sRNA transcripts were differentially expressed in at least one condition, suggesting possible functional roles in the cellular response to stress conditions. The data show a higher fraction of differentially expressed sRNAs with greater than 5-fold expression changes compared with mRNAs. The work provides detailed insights into the mechanisms through which @entity1 responds to different stress conditions and increases understanding of bacterial adaptation in natural and industrial settings. IMPORTANCE: This study maps the complete transcriptional response of @entity2 to osmotic, oxidative and @entity0 stress conditions at short and long exposure times. Over 400 small RNA transcripts are detected, consisting of both intergenic and antisense transcripts, increasing the number of identified sRNA transcripts in the strain by a factor of ten. Unique responses to each type of stress are documented including both the extent and dynamics of the gene expression changes. The work adds rich detail to previous knowledge of stress response mechanisms due to the depth of the RNA sequencing data. Almost half of the sRNAs exhibit significant expression changes in at least one condition, suggesting their involvement in adaptation to stress conditions and identifying interesting candidates for further functional characterization.

title: Global transcriptional responses to osmotic, oxidative, and XXXX stress conditions in @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Drug-resistant @entity1 @entity0 account for 40 % of cases of @entity1 . Consequently, specific therapeutic options could be surgical resection or, if not indicated, deep brain stimulation (DBS). The aim of this study is to review data from @entity0 affected by drug-resistant complex partial @entity1 with or without generalization treated by @entity3 ( @entity3 ) DBS to evaluate the efficacy and potential future applications of this approach as a standard method for palliative @entity2 control. METHODS: Six @entity0 affected by drug-resistant @entity2 underwent @entity3 DBS from March 2007 to February 2011. The preoperative tests consisted of electroencephalography (EEG), video EEG, morphologic and functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), non-acute positron emission tomography (PET), neuropsychological evaluation, Liverpool @entity2 scale, and Quality Of Life In @entity1 (QOLIE). These tests and a @entity2 diary were also administered during a follow-up of at least 3 years. RESULTS: The improvement in terms of decrease of @entity2 was more than 50 % in @entity0 affected by @entity2 strictly related to limbic system origin. The amelioration was unsatisfactory for @entity0 having anatomical lesions outside the limbic structures with evidence of late diffusion in limbic areas. One @entity0 died 40 days after surgery for reasons not concerned with DBS. CONCLUSIONS: Although the limited number of enrolled @entity0 limits the reliability of data, the results are in accordance with those found in the recent literature and deserve to be considered for further studies regarding real efficacy, indications, stimulation parameters, side effects, and complications.

title: Anterior thalamic nucleus deep brain Stimulation (DBS) for drug-resistant @entity2 ( XXXX ) with or without generalization: long-term evaluation and predictive outcome.

answer: @entity2