abstract: @entity4 is a rare cause of @entity6 in @entity1 . This report describes the first case of @entity6 and @entity7 secondary to the fungal organism Inonotus tropicalis. A 9-year-old female spayed French bulldog with a multi-year history of treatment with glucocorticoids for management of atopy was presented for exercise intolerance, ascites and @entity3 . Physical examination and thoracic imaging revealed enlarged peripheral and cranial mediastinal lymph nodes, left ventricular thickening and @entity5 . Fine needle aspiration of the cranial mediastinal lymph node showed @entity0 with short, thin and poorly septated hyphae. Culture of the aspirate yielded a fungal isolate identified as Inonotus tropicalis based on morphologic features and rRNA gene sequencing. Postmortem examination showed myocardial thickening with multifocal to coalescing, firm, white, ill-defined nodules. Histology confirmed the presence of disseminated @entity4 with extensive @entity2 . Inonotus tropicalis is an opportunistic poroid wood-decaying basidiomycete. Infection in this @entity1 was likely the result of chronic immunosuppressive therapy.

title: @entity7 and XXXX secondary to Inonotus tropicalis (phylum Basidiomycota) in a @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate uptake of a @entity3 Protocol (ChIP), examine factors influencing its implementation and identify interventions for promoting its use. BACKGROUND: Failure to treat blunt @entity3 in a timely manner with sufficient @entity4 , physiotherapy and respiratory support, can lead to complications such as @entity1 and @entity5 and/or @entity2 . DESIGN: This is a mixed methods implementation evaluation study. METHODS: Two methods were used: 1) identification and review of the characteristics of all @entity0 eligible for the ChIP protocol, and 2) survey of hospital staff opinions mapped to the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) to identify barriers and facilitators to implementation. The characteristics and treatment received between the groups were compared using the chi-square test or Fischer's exact test for proportions, and the Mann-Whitney U-test for continuous data. Quantitative survey data were analysed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data was coded in NVivo 10 using a coding guide based on the TDF and Behaviour Change Wheel (BCW). Identification of interventions to change target behaviours was sourced from the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy Version 1 in consultation with stakeholders. RESULTS: Only 68.4% of eligible @entity0 received ChIP. Fifteen facilitators and 10 barriers were identified to influence the implementation of ChIP in the clinical setting. These themes were mapped to 10 of the 14 TDF domains and corresponded with all nine intervention functions in the BCW. Seven of these intervention functions were selected to address the target behaviours. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated how the BCW may be used to revise and improve a clinical protocol in the ED context. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Newly implemented clinical protocols should incorporate clinician behaviour change assessment, strategy and interventions. Enhancing the self-efficacy of emergency nurses when performing assessments has the potential to improve @entity0 outcomes and should be included in implementation strategy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Implementation evaluation and refinement of an intervention to improve blunt XXXX management - a mixed methods study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The objective was to discover the nature of @entity2 in survivors of @entity6 who are left with moderate disability. Macroscopic and microscopic examination was carried out on the brains of 20 @entity0 who had died long after a @entity6 that had been treated in a neurosurgical unit. All had become independent but had various disabilities (moderate disability on the Glasgow outcome scale) Most @entity4 had been sudden, which had led to their referral from forensic pathologists. @entity8 was a feature in 75%. An @entity7 had been evacuated in 75%, and in 11 of the 15 with @entity5 . @entity1 was found in six @entity0 , five of the mildest type (grade 1) and one of grade 2. No @entity0 had diffuse thalamic damage but one had a small focal @entity2 in the thalamus. No @entity0 had severe @entity2 , but three had moderate lesions which were bilateral in only one. No @entity0 had severe @entity3 . In conclusion, the dominant lesion was focal damage from an evacuated @entity7 . Severe diffuse damage was not found, with @entity1 only mild and thalamic damage in only one @entity0 .

title: The structural basis of moderate disability after XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The mainstay of treatment for @entity1 remains supportive care. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of nebulized @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Data sources included PubMed and the Virtual Health Library of the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information up to May 2015. Studies selected were randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials comparing nebulized @entity2 with 0.9% saline or standard treatment. RESULTS: We included 24 trials involving 3209 @entity0 , 1706 of whom received @entity2 . Hospitalized @entity0 treated with nebulized @entity2 had a significantly shorter length of stay compared with those receiving 0.9% saline or standard care (15 trials involving 1956 @entity0 ; mean difference [MD] -0.45 days, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.82 to -0.08). The @entity2 group also had a significantly lower posttreatment clinical score in the first 3 days of admission (5 trials involving 404 inpatients; day 1: MD -0.99, 95% CI -1.48 to -0.50; day 2: @entity3 .45, 95% CI -2.06 to -0.85; day 3: @entity3 .44, 95% CI -1.78 to -1.11). Nebulized @entity2 reduced the risk of hospitalization by 20% compared with 0.9% saline among outpatients (7 trials involving 951 @entity0 ; risk ratio 0.80, 95% CI 0.67-0.96). No significant adverse events related to @entity2 inhalation were reported. The quality of evidence is moderate due to inconsistency in results between trials and study limitations (risk of bias). CONCLUSIONS: Nebulized @entity2 is a safe and potentially effective treatment of @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Nebulized Hypertonic Saline for XXXX : A Systematic Review.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of the work was to study dynamics of daily arterial pressure profile during combined antihypertensive therapy starting from @entity2 and @entity4 antagonists ( @entity5 - @entity3 ) in Far North employees suffering arterial @entity1 engaged on different working schedules. A total of 137 @entity0 with grade I-III AH were divided into 2 groups. Those in group 1 worked day shifts (n=70) and the remaining ones worked night shifts (group 2). 129 @entity0 completed the course of therapy. The final mean daily doses of @entity5 - @entity3 were 8.2    1.1/144.8 1.8 and 9.4    1.6/197.8    3.5 mg in groups I and 2 respectively. AP monitoring was performed before, 4 weeks and 6 months after therapy. Six months after the onset of @entity5 - @entity3 therapy 97.2 and 97.6% of the @entity0 in groups 1 and 2 respectively showed the target AP level and normalization of daily AP profile. Daily variability of AP in group 2 (excepting night-time variability) was also normal. Morning AP dynamics markedly improved in both groups. Most @entity0 demonstrated excellent compliance with therapy due to its high efficacy and good tolerability.

title: [DYNAMICS OF THE CIRCADIAN BLOOD PRESSURE PROFILE DURING COMBINED XXXX - @entity3 THERAPY IN FAR NORTH RESIDENTS].

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Admission to university is a very sensitive period of life for efficient, active, and young workforces in any country, and it is mostly associated with many changes in social and @entity0 relationships. These changes lead to @entity1 in students. Moreover, @entity0 need certain functions in order to adaptively deal with different life situations and challenges. By training stress management, these functions can help @entity0 acquire the required abilities. OBJECTIVE: The present study was aimed at investigating the effectiveness of stress management training in @entity1 , @entity2 , and general self-efficacy among university students. METHOD: The study was a quasi-experimental intervention (pretest-posttest-follow-up) including a control group, it was a fundamental applied study. The statistical population consisted of all students of Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran. Convenient sampling was employed to select 30 students who were divided into an experimental group (n=15) and a control group (n=15). Before stress management training, both groups filled out Beck Anxiety Inventory, Long and Goulet scale of @entity2 , and General Self-efficacy Scale (GSE-10). Afterwards, the experimental group was provided with stress management training. And after the experiment, the abovementioned questionnaires and scales were responded by the two groups. Finally the collected data were analyzed and compared using one-way MANOVA. RESULTS: The results of MANOVA indicated that there was a significant difference between the two groups in terms of @entity1 , hardiness, and general self-efficacy (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: According to the results of the present study and those of previous investigations that are in agreement with those of the present study, it can be concluded that stress management among university students cause @entity1 to drop; moreover, it enhances their @entity2 and self-efficacy. In regard with the role and importance of stress management, training this skill should be included in educational plans of university.

title: The Effectiveness of Group Training of CBT-Based Stress Management on Anxiety, XXXX and General Self-Efficacy Among University Students.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Thai-Myanmar border is a remaining hotspot for @entity1 transmission. @entity1 transmission in this region continues year-round, with a major peak season in July-August, and a minor peak in October-November. @entity1 elimination requires better knowledge of the mosquito community structure, dynamics and vectorial status to support effective vector control. METHODS: Adult Anopheles mosquitoes were collected using CDC light traps and @entity0 bait in 7 villages along the Thai-Myanmar border in January 2011 - March 2013. Mosquitoes were determined to species by morphological characters. @entity2 -positivity was determined by circumsporozoite protein ELISA. RESULTS: The 2986 Anopheles mosquitoes collected were assigned to 26 species, with Anopheles minimus sensu lato (s.l.) (40.32  %), An. maculatus s.l. (21.43  %), An. annularis s.l. (14.43  %), An. kochi (5.39  %), An. tessellatus (5.26  %), and An. barbirostris s.l. (3.52  %) being the top six most abundant species. @entity2 -infected mosquitoes were found in 22 positive samples from 2906 pooled samples of abdomens and heads/thoraxes. Four mosquito species were found infected with @entity2 : An. minimus s.l., An. maculatus s.l., An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l. The infectivity rates of these mosquitoes were 0.76, 0.37, 0.72, and 1.74  %, respectively. Consistent with a change in @entity1 epidemiology to the predominance of @entity2 in this area, 20 of the 22 infected mosquito samples were @entity2 -positive. The four potential vector species all displayed apparent seasonality in relative abundance. While An. minimus s.l. was collected through the entire year, its abundance peaked in the season immediately after the wet season. In comparison, An. maculatus s.l. numbers showed a major peak during the wet season. The two potential vector species, An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l., both showed peak abundance during the transition from wet to dry season. Moreover, An. minimus s.l. was more abundant in indoor collections, whereas An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l. were more abundant in outdoor collections, suggesting their potential role in outdoor @entity1 transmission. CONCLUSIONS: This survey confirmed the major vector status of An. minimus s.l. and An. maculatus s.l. and identified An. annularis s.l. and An. barbirostris s.l. as additional vectors with potential importance in @entity1 transmission after the wet season.

title: Natural human XXXX infections in major Anopheles mosquitoes in western Thailand.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 with @entity2 of the biliary tract have a dismal prognosis. As in most @entity2 , resection is the only effective treatment with potential for cure. Preoperative staging is not completely accurate, however, and a significant number of @entity0 with @entity6 undergo unnecessary laparotomy. As imaging technology improves, more @entity0 with unresectable disease will be identified, avoiding the need for a laparotomy. Laparoscopy is a major addition, but its usefulness in staging of @entity2 continues to evolve. The importance of laparoscopy to better predict the resectability in @entity4 increasingly has been recognized. Conversely, the use of staging laparoscopy for other @entity2 has shown little benefit. For @entity3 and @entity5 , the authors' analysis of 100 @entity0 supports the use of staging laparoscopy for assessing these @entity2 . In this series, staging laparoscopy correctly identified unresectable disease and prevented unnecessary laparotomy in one third of @entity0 . @entity0 with unresectable disease that was not detected at laparoscopy most often had locally advanced @entity2 . LUS did not contribute to the assessment of resectability in these @entity0 . The yield of laparoscopy was lower for @entity3 , but could be improved by targeting @entity0 who are at higher risk for occult unresectable disease, such as @entity0 with T2 or T3 lesions. These @entity0 and @entity0 with primary @entity5 have a high incidence of @entity1 and should undergo laparoscopic staging before attempting at resection.

title: Role of laparoscopy in the evaluation of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: @entity2 is currently of high incidence and mortality rate. Identifying the factors influencing its prognosis can be very beneficial to its clinical treatment. Recent studies have shown that lymph nodes ratio can be considered as an important prognostic factor. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effect of this factor on the prognosis of the @entity0 presenting with @entity1 and to compare the result with the effect of lymph node stage on their prognosis. MATERIALS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 66 @entity0 of @entity1 , who met the study inclusion criteria. @entity0 were categorized into four groups based on Kaplan-Meier plots: LNR1 0-12%, LNR2 13-40%, LNR3 41-84% and LNR4 85-100%. Survival was estimated by Kaplan-Meier method, and differences analyzed by Log-rank test. A Cox proportional hazards model was used for multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Lymph nodes ratio was a significantly variable both in overall survival ( P <0.0001) and in disease-free survival ( P =0.009). Lymph node stage was significant in overall survival ( P =0.008) but not in disease-free survival ( P =0.05). Multivariable analysis of overall survival showed lymph nodes ratio as the only independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: Lymph node ratio is a more accurate prognostic factor than lymph node stage in overall survival and, in particular, in disease-free survival in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Prognostic Value of Lymph Node Ratio in Comparison to Lymph Node Metastases in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The effect of three different nutrition counselling programs on well established @entity2 was studied in 64 @entity1 @entity0 regularly attending a @entity2 clinic. The 12-month program of weekly-monthly group sessions focused on weight reduction (W group, n = 24), salt restriction (S group, n = 17) or both ( @entity5 group, n = 23). The mean (+/-SEM) weight decreased by 6.9 +/- 0.7 kg in the W group (p less than 0.001) and by 5.0 +/- 0.6 kg (p less than 0.001) in the @entity5 group during the first three months of the study and levelled off thereafter. The weight changes in the S group were small during the trial. The mean 24-hour urinary @entity4 excretion in the @entity5 and S groups was reduced by about 35 and 50 mmol, respectively, during the first months of the study, and fell thereafter somewhat in the S group but not in the @entity5 group. @entity4 excretion remained unchanged in the W group. @entity3 (BP) fell significantly in the W and @entity5 groups during the first months of the study. BP remained thereafter stable in most @entity0 but declined further in one fifth of them. BP changed little during the trial in the S group. By 12 months, BP control was improved in 67, 61 and 12% of the @entity0 in the W, @entity5 and S groups, respectively. Improved BP control was strongly related to weight loss but not to reduced @entity4 excretion. Weight reduction programs with even modest success help most @entity1 @entity0 with established @entity2 , whereas moderate salt intake restriction gives little added benefit.

title: Treatment of XXXX in @entity1 @entity0 : efficacy and feasibility of weight and salt reduction programs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are highly frequent and thus mainly managed by non-hepatologists. Because they lack access to the best non-invasive tests of @entity3 , these physicians cannot accurately determine the disease severity and the need for referral to a hepatologist. We aimed to implement an algorithm, comprising a new first-line test usable by all physicians, for the detection of @entity3 in all @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: Diagnostic study: 3,754 @entity2 @entity0 with liver biopsy were 2:1 randomized into derivation and validation sets. Prognostic study: longitudinal follow-up of 1,275 @entity2 @entity0 with baseline @entity1 tests. RESULTS: Diagnostic study: the easy @entity3 Test (eLIFT), an "at-a-glance" sum of points attributed to age, gender, gamma-GT, AST, platelets and prothrombin time, was developed for the diagnosis of advanced @entity1 . In the validation set, eLIFT and FIB4 had the same sensitivity (78.0% vs 76.6%, p=0.470) but eLIFT gave less false-positive results, especially in @entity0    60 years old (53.8% vs 82.0%, p<0.001), and was thus more suitable as screening test. FibroMeter(VCTE) was the most accurate among the eight @entity1 tests evaluated. The sensitivity of the eLIFT-FM(VCTE) algorithm (first-line eLIFT, second-line FibroMeter(VCTE)) was 76.1% for advanced @entity1 and 92.1% for @entity1 . Prognostic study: @entity0 diagnosed as having "no/mild @entity1 " by the algorithm had excellent liver-related prognosis with thus no need for referral to a hepatologist. CONCLUSION: The eLIFT-FM(VCTE) algorithm extends the detection of @entity3 to all @entity2 @entity0 and reduces unnecessary referrals of @entity0 without significant @entity2 to hepatologists. LAY SUMMARY: Blood @entity1 tests and transient elastography accurately diagnose @entity3 in the large population of @entity0 having @entity2 , but these non-invasive tests are currently available only in specialized centers. We have developed an algorithm including as first-line procedure the easy @entity3 Test (eLIFT), a new simple and widely available blood test, that selects at-risk @entity0 who need further evaluation with the FibroMeter(VCTE), an accurate @entity1 test combining blood markers and transient elastography result. This new algorithm, called the eLIFT-FM(VCTE), accurately identifies the @entity0 with advanced @entity2 who need referral to a specialist, and those with no or mild @entity2 who can remain under the care of their usual physician.

title: A stepwise algorithm using a at-a-glance first-line test for the non-invasive diagnosis of XXXX and @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Pharmaceutical compounds and dissolved organic matter ( @entity4 ) are co-introduced into the environment by irrigation with reclaimed wastewater and/or application of biosolids. In this study, we evaluate the role and mechanism of interaction of the pharmaceuticals @entity1 and @entity2 with structural fractions of biosolids-derived @entity4 . Sorption interactions were estimated from dialysis-bag experiments at different pHs. Sorption of @entity1 and @entity2 by the hydrophobic acid fraction exhibited strong pH- @entity0 . With both pharmaceuticals, the highest sorption coefficients (K( @entity3 )) were at pH 4. With the hydrophobic neutral fraction, pH affected only @entity1 sorption (decreasing with increasing pH). Among the hydrophilic @entity4 fractions, the hydrophilic acid fraction exhibited the highest K( @entity3 ) value for @entity2 , probably due to their bipolar character. In the hydrophilic acid fraction- @entity1 system, significant anionic repulsion was observed with increasing pH. The hydrophilic base fraction contains positively charged functional groups. Therefore with increasing ionization of @entity1 (with increasing pH), K( @entity3 ) to this fraction increased. The hydrophilic neutral fraction exhibited the lowest K( @entity3 ) with both studied pharmaceuticals. The K( @entity3 ) value of @entity2 with the bulk @entity4 sample was higher than the calculated K( @entity3 ) value based on sorption by the individual isolated fractions. The opposite trend was observed with @entity1 at pH 8: the calculated K( @entity3 ) value was higher than the value obtained for the bulk @entity4 . These results demonstrate that @entity4 fractions interact with each other and do not act as separate sorption domains.

title: Sorption of the pharmaceuticals XXXX and @entity1 to dissolved organic matter: role of structural fractions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We prospectively studied @entity2 , regardless of neurologic status, by cranial computed tomography or psychometric testing in 56 @entity0 . None of the 27 @entity0 with simple @entity2 (single or multiple suture involvement) had evidence of @entity4 on CT scan. Of the 24 @entity0 with simple @entity2 who underwent psychometric testing, 17 were of average intelligence; six were in the low average range. The single mentally retarded @entity0 had a history of severe perinatal @entity5 . @entity4 occurred more frequently (five of 23 cases) in @entity0 with @entity2 , including @entity9 , @entity6 , and kleeblattsch  @entity1 . More striking than @entity4 , however, was the finding of dysmorphic @entity7 in eight @entity0 , including the three @entity0 with @entity8 and four with @entity6 . Nineteen of the 25 @entity0 with @entity2 receiving psychometric testing were of normal intelligence. Four @entity0 with borderline normal intelligence had either @entity7 . The two @entity0 with @entity3 were sisters with @entity6 whose family included @entity3 individuals. This study indicates that the incidence of @entity4 and @entity3 in @entity2 is lower than reported previously.

title: XXXX and @entity3 in @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion injury of whole brain involves a complicated pathophysiology mechanism. @entity11 ( @entity12 ) has been shown to have neuro protective functions. This study observed the effect of @entity12 on serum @entity13 and cerebral @entity7 ( @entity7 ) in a @entity0 model of @entity9 -reperfusion. MATERIAL AND METHODS Healthy Sprague Dawley (SD) @entity0 (males, 7 weeks old) were randomly divided into sham, model, and @entity12 groups (n=20 each). A @entity9 -reperfusion model was prepared by clipping of the bilateral common carotid artery combined with @entity3 . @entity12 (9  g/kg) was infused intravenously immediately after reperfusion in the @entity12 group, while the other two groups received an equal volume of saline. @entity4 score (NDS) was measured at 6 hours, 24 hours, and 72 hours after surgery, with pathological observation of brain tissues. ELISA was then used to test serum @entity13 protein level. @entity5 ( @entity8 ) and @entity2 dismutase (SOD) were assayed by spectrometry. @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity7 levels were determined by real-time (RT)-PCR. RESULTS Model @entity0 had significant injury in the hippocampal @entity6 region as shown by elevated NDS, @entity13 , and @entity8 levels, higher @entity10 and @entity7 mRNA expression, and lower SOD levels (p<0.05). @entity12 treatment improved pathological injury, decreased NDS, @entity13 , and @entity8 levels, decreased expression of mRNA of @entity10 and @entity7 , and increased SOD levels. CONCLUSIONS @entity12 @entity1 -reperfusion damage to @entity0 brains, and inhibited @entity10 and @entity7 expression in brain tissues, possibly via inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory response.

title: The Effect of @entity11 on Oxidative Stress Response Following @entity9 -Reperfusion in @entity0 and the Expression of XXXX ( @entity7 ) and @entity13 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Few reports have described the combined use of biologic and imaging techniques in the diagnosis of lymph node @entity1 . We prospectively evaluated lymph node @entity1 diagnosed by biologic and imaging means in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: Preoperative ultrasound and endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) examination were performed in 80 @entity0 . Biopsy specimens were immunohistochemically examined using @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) antibodies, and @entity2 were classified into three grades. RESULTS: The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy values of ultrasound examination were 88.2, 58.6, and 77.5%, respectively. The incidence of nodal involvement was 0% (0/10) in @entity0 with grade 1 @entity2 , 57.1% (16/28) in those with grade 2 @entity2 , and 83.3% (35/42) in those with grade 3 @entity2 . Of the 57 @entity0 with lymph node @entity1 determined sonographically, 50 had grade 2 or 3 @entity2 that were histologically confirmed. The remaining seven @entity0 with grade 1 @entity2 did not have involved nodes. Of the 23 @entity0 without lymph node @entity1 according to ultrasound examination, the incidence of lymph node @entity1 in @entity0 with grade 1, 2, and 3 @entity2 was 0, 16.7, and 50.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When used together, imaging and molecular procedures may offer improved identification of lymph node @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 of the esophagus.

title: Biologic and imaging diagnosis of lymph node @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity5 is a potent broad-spectrum @entity6 antifungal. Little is known about the prevalence and risk factors for low plasma @entity5 concentrations (PPCs). We retrospectively reviewed all adult @entity0 whose PPCs were measured after at least 5 days of treatment between April 2006 and July 2008 at the H  pital Necker Enfants Malades. A low PPC was defined as a concentration lower than 500 ng/ml. Fifty-four @entity0 were included: 36 receiving prophylactic (200 mg three times a day) and 18 receiving curative (400 mg twice a day) @entity5 therapy. The prevalence of low PPCs was 44% (16/36) in the prophylaxis group and 22% (4/18) in the curative-treatment group. In the prophylaxis group, low PPCs tended to be more frequent in cases of digestive disease (62.5% versus 30%; P = 0.051) and were significantly more frequent among @entity0 with @entity2 (71.4% versus 27%; P = 0.009) or @entity1 (100% versus 33%; P = 0.004). In the curative-treatment group, low PPCs were significantly more frequent in cases of @entity2 (75% versus 7%; P = 0.018). In the prophylaxis group, the only two @entity0 who subsequently developed invasive @entity4 exhibited low PPCs. The only adverse event was hepatotoxicity for 2/54 @entity0 (3.7%), which was not related to high plasma drug concentrations. In conclusion, low PPC is common, significantly more frequent in cases of @entity2 or @entity1 , and potentially associated with subsequent invasive @entity4 . Therapeutic drug monitoring of @entity5 is therefore mandatory for immunosuppressed adults, at least for those with @entity3 .

title: Therapeutic drug monitoring of XXXX : a monocentric study with 54 adults.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The orthopedic manifestations in @entity0 with @entity10 include @entity1 of the extremities and spine. Conservative treatment is the first choice. Orthosis and rehabilitation can improve function, and are important for the prevention of @entity4 . Foot problems are most commonly observed and require surgical treatment. @entity11 include pes cavus, cavovarus, @entity8 , or drop foot. Single or combined surgeries selected for soft tissues are plantar release, @entity3 , and those for bones are osteotomies and joint fusions. The upper limb initially demonstrates loss of power of the intrinsic hand muscles followed by symmetrical atrophy of the forearm muscle groups. The typical @entity7 is @entity8 . @entity3 , soft tissue release, or nerve decompression procedures are performed for correction of @entity7 . @entity12 in the @entity2 is sometimes observed and osteotomy is selected as surgical treatment in such cases. The associated @entity1 is @entity6 with or without @entity5 . Similar to treatment of @entity9 , posterior spinal fusion is performed in @entity0 with progressive @entity1 .

title: [Treatment for XXXX with @entity10 : Orthopaedic Aspects].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Being a salt sensitive crop, @entity2 growth and development are frequently affected by soil salinity. @entity6 ( @entity7 ) has been recently explored as an important priming agent regulating diverse physiological processes of plant growth and development. Despite its enormous prospects in plant systems, the role of @entity7 in plant stress tolerance is still elusive. Here, a combined pharmacological, physiological and biochemical approach was executed aiming to examine the possible mechanism of @entity7 in enhancement of @entity2 salt stress tolerance. We showed that pretreating @entity2 plants with @entity7 donor @entity9 ( @entity9 ) clearly improved, but application of @entity7 scavenger @entity11 with @entity9 decreased growth and biomass-related parameters under salt stress. @entity9 -pretreated salt-stressed plants exhibited increased @entity1 , carotenoid and soluble protein contents, as well as suppressed accumulation of reactive @entity0 species (ROS), contributing to oxidative damage protection. The protective mechanism of @entity7 against oxidative stress was correlated with the elevated levels of @entity3 , @entity4 , redox states, and the enhanced activities of ROS- and @entity10 -detoxifying enzymes. Notably, the ability to decrease the uptake of @entity8 and the @entity8 / @entity5 ratio, as well as to balance mineral contents indicated a role of @entity7 in ion homeostasis under salt stress. Altogether, our results highlight that modulation of the level of endogenous @entity7 genetically or exogenously could be employed to attain better growth and development of @entity2 , and perhaps other crops, under salt stress. Furthermore, our study reveals the importance of the implication of gasotransmitters like @entity7 for the management of salt stress, thus assisting @entity2 plants to adapt to adverse environmental changes.

title: @entity6 Regulates Salt Tolerance in @entity2 by Maintaining XXXX / @entity5 Balance, Mineral Homeostasis and Oxidative Metabolism Under Excessive Salt Stress.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Preventive @entity2 produced by @entity4 and @entity5 was evaluated during a prospective study randomized in two groups. One hundred twenty @entity0 were included aged from 3 to 6 years who underwent surgery by different procedures. Analgesic dose was applied 15 min prior to surgery by intravenous (i.v.) via. Technique used was inhaled general anesthesia; use of opioids was avoided. @entity1 evaluation at the end of surgery (and during the following 48 to 72 h) as well as bleeding time, platelet count, and alterations in white blood cell count were dependent variables. As soon as @entity0 arrived in the recovery room, @entity1 was measured by modified McGrath scales and the chromatic EVA. In @entity4 group, 40% of @entity0 showed no @entity1 and 55% presented mild to moderate @entity1 (1-6). In @entity5 group, 40% of @entity0 referred no @entity1 , while 55% evaluated @entity1 as minimal to moderate. @entity2 produced by both drugs presented no significant statistical diference (p > 0.5). Troughout followup, maximum @entity1 referred had a values of 6 and 7, respectively, for @entity4 and @entity5 . Fifteen min after analgesic dose, @entity1 was referred as 3 and 4. No alterations were observed in bleeding time, platelet count, and white blood cell count. We conclude that both analgesics prevent @entity3 during post-surgical period.

title: [ @entity4 vs @entity5 preemptive @entity2 in XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Whether there is an association between @entity1 and @entity2 is uncertain. Recently, a syndrome of @entity1 , @entity5 and @entity4 has been described, mostly in Italy. We measured the prevalence of @entity1 in @entity0 attending a @entity3 clinic, and investigated whether @entity4 occurred in @entity0 with both @entity1 and @entity2 . Screening for @entity1 was by IgA endomysial antibody, measured by indirect immunofluorescence using sections of @entity0 umbilical cord. Of 177 @entity0 screened, four @entity0 were positive. All had small-bowel histology typical of @entity1 . The overall frequency of @entity1 in this mixed @entity0 sample was 1 in 44. In a control group of 488 pregnant patients, two serum samples were positive (1 in 244). Sixteen @entity0 with both @entity1 and @entity2 , who had previously attended this hospital, were identified. No @entity0 had @entity4 on CT scanning. @entity1 appears to occur with increased frequency in @entity0 with @entity2 , and a high index of suspicion should be maintained. Cerebral calcification is not a feature of our @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 , and may be an ethnically-or geographically-restricted finding.

title: @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to determine the relationship among the time saved by administration of thrombolytic therapy in prehospital versus hospital setting and long term mortality; number, duration of hospitalizations and their causes. BACKGROUND: There is much theoretic, experimental and trial evidence to indicate that in @entity1 the earlier the thrombolytic therapy is given, the greater its efficacy. However, the clinical importance of this gain time in long term is still uncertain. SUBJECTS: 280 @entity0 with suspected @entity1 in perspective, controlled study with two parallel groups of consecutive @entity0 without contraindication for thrombolysis, who were seen by general emergency physicians before hospitalization (Gr.1) or later in hospital by the attending cardiologist (Gr.2). The main outcomes measured was mortality rate at 5 years, causes, number and duration of new hospitalizations. RESULTS: The median pain to needle time was 90' (25 degrees percentile:67'; 75 degrees percentile:165') in Gr.1 vs 165' in Gr.2 (25 degrees percentile:110'; 75 degrees percentile:225'). The median time difference was 75' (P<0.001). The 35th day total mortality rate was 7.5% and 10.6% (p:n.s.) in Gr.1 vs Gr.2 respectively, 8.6% (Gr.1) vs 19.7% (Gr.2) (P<0.015) at 1 year, and 19.2% (Gr.1) vs 47.2% (Gr.2) (P<0.015) at 5 years. The percentage of @entity0 with a number of new hospitalizations greater than 1 during 5 years was not significantly different in Gr.1 vs Gr.2 (44.1% vs 48.35, p:n.s.). The total duration of hospitalization was 479 days in Gr.1 vs 1431 days in Gr.2 (P<0.001). The 75 Gr.1 @entity0 alive at the end of 5 years follow up had a mean hospital stay of 3.86+/-5.92 days vs 8.05+/-16.60 days (P<0.036) of the 94 Gr.2 @entity0 alive after 5 years. The total and mean stay for recurrence of @entity2 was significantly different in Gr.1 vs Gr.2 (90 vs 425 days: P<0.001; and 13+/-6.2 days vs 25+/-5.4: P<0.003 respectively). @entity3 led to the 1.16% in Gr.1 vs 9.43% of new admission (P<0.028) for a total of 57 vs 243 days in Gr.1 and Gr.2 respectively (P<0.001). Cumulative mortality rate for any cause at 5 years was 19.2% and 47.2% in prehospital and in hospital treated @entity0 (P<0.015), obtaining diverging survival curves. CONCLUSIONS: The magnitude of the benefit from earlier thrombolysis is such that giving thrombolytic treatment earlier is the main problem to reduce the time from onset of symptoms to reperfusion, to salvage myocardial muscle and obtain diverging survival curves.

title: The magnitude of the benefit from preCCU thrombolysis in XXXX : a long term follow up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A diagnosis of @entity1 progression is presently limited to clinical parameters such as @entity5 and radiographic imaging. The aim of this multicenter study was to monitor disease progression in @entity0 with @entity6 during a 24-mo follow-up program and to evaluate the amount of bacteria in saliva and corresponding IgG titers in serum for determining the diagnostic usefulness of each in indicating disease progression and stability. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 163 @entity0 with @entity6 who received trimonthly follow-up care were observed for 24 mo. The clinical parameters and salivary content of @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity4 were assessed using the modified Invader PLUS assay, and the corresponding serum IgG titers were measured using ELISA. The changes through 24 mo were analyzed using cut-off values calculated for each factor. One-way ANOVA or Fisher's exact test was used to perform between-group comparison for the data collected. Diagnostic values were calculated using Fisher's exact test. RESULTS: Of the 124 individuals who completed the 24-mo monitoring phase, 62 exhibited @entity1 progression, whereas 62 demonstrated stable disease. Seven @entity0 withdrew because of @entity7 . The ratio of @entity2 to total bacteria and the combination of @entity2 counts and IgG titers against @entity2 were significantly related to the progression of @entity1 . The combination of @entity2 ratio and P. gingivalis IgG titers was significantly associated with the progression of @entity1 (p = 0.001, sensitivity = 0.339, specificity = 0.790). CONCLUSIONS: It is suggested that the combination of @entity2 ratio in saliva and serum IgG titers against @entity2 may be associated with the progression of @entity1 .

title: Salivary pathogen and serum antibody to assess the progression of XXXX : a 24-mo prospective multicenter cohort study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Congenital @entity4 are the cause of @entity3 in pediatric and younger adult populations. Despite being very rare, unicuspid aortic valves account for approximately 5% of isolated aortic valve replacements. @entity0 with @entity3 , present with the same symptomatology independent of leaflet morphology. However, the presence of bicuspid and unicuspid @entity3 is associated with a higher incidence of aortopathy, especially in @entity6 @entity0 . @entity6 , an X monosomy, is associated with @entity4 , aortopathy, and @entity1 . These risk factors lead to a higher incidence of @entity5 in this population. @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity3 that present for aortic valve replacement should therefore undergo extensive aortic imaging prior to surgery. Transthoracic echocardiography is the diagnostic tool of choice for valvular pathology, yet it can misdiagnose unicuspid aortic valves as @entity7 due to certain similarities on imaging. Transesophageal echocardiography is a better tool for distinguishing between the two @entity2 , although diagnostic errors can still occur. We present a case of a 50-year-old female with history of @entity6 and @entity7 presenting for aortic valve replacement and ascending aorta replacement. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography revealed a stenotic unicommissural unicuspid aortic valve with an eccentric orifice, which was missed on preoperative imaging. This case highlights the importance of intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography in confirming preoperative findings, diagnosing further cardiac pathology, and ensuring adequate surgical repair.

title: Unicuspid Aortic Stenosis in a XXXX with Turner Syndrome: A Case Report.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the angiogenic profile of @entity0 @entity3 . The expression of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was examined in 6 @entity3 cell lines and 119 @entity0 @entity3 tissues by Northern blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, respectively. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against @entity4 (endothelial cell specific) was carried out on archival specimens, and microvessels were quantitated by counting vessels in a x200 field in the most vascular area of the @entity1 . All of the cell lines constitutively expressed @entity2 mRNA at various levels. A total of 71 of 119 (59.7%) @entity1 showed intense @entity2 immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm of @entity1 cells. Vessel count was significantly higher in the @entity2 -positive @entity1 than it was in the @entity2 -negative @entity1 . @entity2 expression correlated with the depth of @entity1 invasion, @entity1 stage, venous invasion, and lymphatic invasion. The survival rate of @entity0 with high vessel density in the @entity1 was significantly worse than that of @entity0 with low vessel density in the @entity1 . There was a tendency for poorer prognosis in the group with @entity2 -positive @entity1 compared with that of the group with @entity2 -negative @entity1 . Overall, these results suggest that @entity2 is associated with @entity1 progression by stimulating angiogenesis in @entity0 @entity3 .

title: Significance of vessel count and @entity2 in XXXX @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The reported prevalence of @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is variable, probably due to the different methodological approaches. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to define the optimal electroencephalogram (EEG) settings for reliable detection of @entity2 in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: We analyzed 24-h EEGs of 5 @entity0 living with @entity1 and @entity2 . The sensitivity of various length EEGs in detecting @entity2 in different periods of the day, the diurnal distribution of the discharges, and their relation to sleep-stages were calculated. RESULTS: Significant high correlation was identified between the sensitivity of EEG and the length of recordings (r=0.972, p=0.005). The sensitivity of a 30-min EEG-epoch recorded between 8:00 and 16:00 was 0.0375 compared to 0.7 between 0:00 and 8:00 (p=0.005). The average sensitivity of an 8-h EEG-epoch was>= 0.8. 82% of @entity2 occurred during sleep, mainly related to non-REM sleep (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: 8-h awake-, or 1-h sleep-EEG provide sufficient sensitivity in detecting @entity2 in @entity1 . This needs to be considered in studies on @entity1 -related @entity2 . Recognizing @entity2 in @entity1 @entity0 is essential because it might compromise cognitive functions and accelerate the progression of the disease.

title: Sleep EEG Detects Epileptiform Activity in XXXX with High Sensitivity.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Only a handful of signaling pathways are major actors of development and responsible for both the conservation and the diversification of animal morphologies. To explain this twofold nature, gene duplication and enhancer evolution were predominantly put forth as tinkering mechanisms whereas the evolution of alternative isoforms has been, so far, overlooked. We investigate here the role of gain and loss of isoforms using @entity5 , a gene of the Ecodysplasin pathway, implicated in morphological evolution. A previous study had suggested a scenario of @entity2 and loss with an alternative isoform (A) newly gained in mammals but secondarily lost in @entity1 lineage. RESULTS: For a comprehensive view of A and B @entity5 isoforms history during @entity0 evolution, we obtained sequences for both isoforms in representative mammals and performed in vitro translations to support functional predictions. We showed that the ancestral B isoform is well conserved, whereas the @entity0 -specific A isoform was lost at least 7 times independently in terminal lineages throughout @entity0 phylogeny. Then, to gain insights into the functional relevance of this evolutionary pattern, we compared the biological function of these isoforms: i) In cellulo promoter assays showed that they are transcribed from two alternative promoters, only B exhibiting feedback regulation. ii) RT-PCR in various tissues and ENCODE data suggested that B isoform is systematically expressed whereas A isoform showed a more tissue-specific expression. iii) Both isoforms activated the NF-kB pathway in an in cellulo reporter assay, albeit at different levels and with different dynamics since A isoform exhibited feedback regulation at the protein level. Finally, only B isoform could rescue a @entity3 @entity6 knockdown. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the newly evolved A isoform enables modulating @entity4 signaling in specific conditions and with different dynamics. We speculate that during @entity0 diversification, A isoform regulation may have evolved rapidly, accompanying and possibly supporting the diversity of ectodermal appendages, while B isoform may have ensured essential roles. This study makes the case to pay greater attention to mosaic loss of evolutionarily speaking "young" isoforms as an important mechanism underlying phenotypic diversity and not simply as a manifestation of neutral evolution.

title: Tinkering signaling pathways by gain and loss of protein isoforms: the case of the XXXX pathway regulator @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Over the past decade, primary percutaneous mesenteric artery stenting (PMAS) has become an alternative to open revascularisation for treatment of @entity1 . Institutes have presented favourable short-term outcomes after PMAS, but there is a lack of data on long-term stent patency. METHODS: One hundred and forty-one @entity0 treated by PMAS for acute and chronic @entity1 over an 8 year period were studied. Anatomical success was assessed by duplex ultrasound and/or CT angiography. A stenosis >= 70% was considered to be a failure. RESULTS: Eighty-six coeliac arteries (CA) and 99 @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were treated with PMAS in 141 @entity0 . Nine CAs (10%) and 30 SMAs (30%) were occluded at the time of treatment. Median follow-up was 32 months (IQR 20-46). The overall primary patency rate at 12 and 60 months was 77.0% and 45.0%. The overall primary assisted patency rate was 90.3% and 69.8%. Overall secondary patency was 98.3% and 93.6%. CONCLUSION: This study shows excellent long-term secondary patencies after PMAS, comparable with published data on long-term patencies after open surgical revascularisation.

title: Long-Term Results of Endovascular Treatment of Atherosclerotic Stenoses or Occlusions of the Coeliac and Superior Mesenteric Artery in @entity0 With XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: We have performed a randomized, double-blind comparison of two epidural drug regimens for @entity2 in labour. In the @entity3 group (BUPIV), 101 healthy parturients received 0.1% @entity3 with @entity5 2 microg ml(-1). In the @entity4 group (ROPIV), 102 @entity0 received 0.2% @entity4 . Both groups received an initial loading dose of 15 ml, a continuous infusion of 8 ml h(-1), and top-ups of 10 ml. @entity1 not responding to a routine top-up was treated with an 'escape' top-up of 10 ml 0.25% @entity3 . The two groups were compared for complete @entity2 at 30 min, routine and 'escape' top-up requirements, midwife assessment of analgesic efficacy, delivery mode, @entity0 visual analogue scores (VAS) for first and second stage @entity2 , overall satisfaction, and @entity0 assessment of motor blockade. @entity0 receiving @entity4 received fewer routine top-ups (median 1.0 vs. 2.0, P=0.001) and fewer escape top-ups (9.8% vs. 21.8%, P=0.02). The @entity4 group was more likely to be @entity1 free in the first stage (51% vs. 33.7%, P=0.01). There were no significant differences in @entity0 ' assessment of motor block or mode of delivery between the groups. @entity1 relief and satisfaction scores from midwives and @entity0 were consistently better in the @entity4 group, but did not reach statistical significance.

title: @entity4 0.2% versus XXXX 0.1% with @entity5 : a double blind comparison for @entity2 during labour.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity1 is a common complication of @entity0 with advanced @entity3 and is associated with poor prognosis. @entity0 with advanced @entity3 show @entity9 characterized by reduced systemic vascular resistance due to splanchnic arterial vasodilation, which is caused by portal @entity4 . The progressive reduction in systemic vascular resistance leads to effective arterial @entity12 . In order to maintain arterial pressure within normal limits in this setting, there is activation of systemic vasoconstrictor systems, including the renin-angiotensin- @entity7 system, sympathetic nervous system and, in late stages, nonosmotic hypersecretion of @entity13 . Although these systems have positive effects in maintaining arterial pressure, they have a negative influence on kidney function, leading to the retention of @entity8 and solute-free water, and in late stages of the disease an intense kidney vasoconstriction develops, leading to decrease of the glomerular filtration rate and the development of @entity11 ( @entity11 ). Moreover, bacterial translocation and the existence of a systemic inflammatory state in @entity0 with advanced @entity3 may play a role in the impairment of circulatory function. @entity11 is a unique cause of @entity5 of functional origin that develops in @entity0 with @entity3 . However, besides @entity11 , @entity0 with @entity3 may develop @entity5 due to other causes, including @entity10 , prerenal @entity5 , shock, use of nephrotoxic drugs or intrinsic @entity1 . Considering the existence of @entity9 and some degree of kidney vasoconstriction, @entity0 with advanced @entity3 have @entity1 and are susceptible to easily developing @entity5 associated with other @entity2 , particularly @entity10 and @entity6 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Challenges and Management of Liver @entity3 : Pathophysiology of @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Diffuse @entity1 is a relatively rare entity, and gastric ablative procedures are traditionally recommended for it. We emphasize the importance of preservation of a cicatrized stomach and describe its augmentation using a segment of transverse colon. CASE REPORT AND PROCEDURE: A young female with a history of corrosive acid ingestion presented to our surgical unit with nonbilious @entity2 following meals, consistent weight loss and features of @entity3 . A barium study revealed a small-capacity stomach with pyloric stricture. We planned to augment the stomach capacity by using a segment of transverse colon. After documentation of a normal colon by barium examination, a 15-cm segment of transverse colon was harvested based on middle colic artery. This vascularized patch of bowel was united with the stomach that was opened up by a longitudinal incision made along the body. RESULT AND FINDING: A barium study on the tenth postoperative day revealed a good capacity and contour of the stomach and free entry of Barium into the small intestine. The @entity0 is tolerating a normal meal and has no @entity2 . At 3 months follow-up, the @entity0 had a normal stomach radiologically and endoscopically, with a weight gain of 7 kg. CONCLUSIONS: Augmentation of @entity1 by a segment of transverse colon is an innovative, practical, and useful procedure, although long-term results are awaited.

title: Augmentation gastroplasty using a segment of transverse colon for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of urinary neutrophil gelatinase- associated lipocalin (uNGAL) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) as an early biomarker for contrast induced @entity2 (CI-AKI) and to investigate whether @entity0 with an uNGAL increase might benefit from an additional intravenous volume expansion with regard to CI-AKI-incidence. We performed a prospective randomized controlled trial in 617 @entity1 - @entity0 undergoing intra-arterial angiography. Urinary @entity3 was measured the day before and 4-6hrs after angiography. In the event of a significant rise of uNGAL @entity0 were randomized either into Group A, who received intravenous saline post procedure or Group B, who did not receive post-procedural i.v. fluids. Ten @entity0 (1.62%) exhibited a significant rise of uNGAL after angiography and were randomized of whom one developed a CI-AKI. In the entire cohort the incidence of CI-AKI was 9.4% (58 @entity0 ) resulting in a specificity of 98.4% (95% CI: 97.0-99.3%) and a sensitivity of 1.72% (95% CI: 0.044-9.2%) of uNGAL for the diagnosis of CI-AKI. In this study uNGAL failed to predict CI-AKI and was an inadequate triage tool to guide an early intervention strategy to prevent CI-AKI. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT01292317.

title: XXXX ( @entity3 ) fails as an early predictor of contrast induced nephropathy in @entity1 (ANTI-CI-AKI study).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may guide @entity0 surgery by measuring @entity3 size post-neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). Accurate measurement may avoid overly radical surgery or reduce the need for repeat surgery. This individual @entity1 data (IPD) meta-analysis examines MRI's agreement with pathology in measuring the longest @entity2 diameter and compares MRI with alternative tests. METHODS: A systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, PREMEDLINE, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Heath Technology Assessment, and Cochrane databases identified eligible studies. Primary study authors supplied IPD in a template format constructed a priori. Mean differences (MDs) between tests and pathology (i.e. systematic bias) were calculated and pooled by the inverse variance method; limits of agreement (LOA) were estimated. Test measurements of 0.0  cm in the presence of pathologic @entity3 , and measurements >0.0  cm despite pathologic complete response (pCR) were described for MRI and alternative tests. RESULTS: Eight studies contributed IPD (N   =   300). The pooled @entity4 for MRI was 0.0  cm (LOA: +/-3.8  cm). Ultrasound underestimated pathologic size ( @entity4 : -0.3  cm) relative to MRI ( @entity4 : 0.1  cm), with comparable LOA. MDs were similar for MRI (0.1  cm) and mammography (0.0  cm), with wider LOA for mammography. Clinical examination underestimated size ( @entity4 : -0.8  cm) relative to MRI ( @entity4 : 0.0  cm), with wider LOA. @entity2 "missed" by MRI typically measured 2.0  cm or less at pathology; @entity2 >2.0  cm were more commonly "missed" by clinical examination (9.3  %). MRI measurements >5.0  cm occurred in 5.3  % of @entity1 with pCR, but were more frequent for mammography (46.2  %). CONCLUSIONS: There was no systematic bias in @entity2 measurement, but LOA are large enough to be clinically important. MRI's performance was generally superior to ultrasound, mammography, and clinical examination, and it may be considered the most appropriate test in this setting. Test combinations should be explored in future studies.

title: Agreement between MRI and pathologic XXXX size after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and comparison with alternative tests: individual @entity1 data meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Data were reviewed addressing the association between radiation therapy (RT) dose and treatment outcome for @entity2 to help clarify the existence of a potential dose-response relationship. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Articles were identified through the MEDLINE database, CancerLit database, and reference lists of relevant articles. Studies were categorized into four groups based upon the endpoint analyzed, including biochemical control (BC), local control (LC), pathologic control (PC), and cause-specific survival (CSS). The impact of increasing RT dose with each endpoint was recorded. RESULTS: Twenty-two trials involving a total of 11,297 @entity0 were identified. Of the 11 trials addressing the association of RT dose with LC, 9 showed statistically significant improvements. Of the 12 trials that reported BC with RT dose, all showed statistically significant improvements. Two out of 4 studies analyzing PC with increasing dose showed a positive correlation. Finally, 3 out of 9 studies addressing RT dose with CSS showed statistically significant improvements. Despite inconclusive results, @entity0 with poor risk features (e.g., @entity3 [PSA] > or = 10, Gleason score [GS] > or = 7, or @entity1 stage > or = T2b) were most likely to benefit from increasing dose with respect to each endpoint. However, the optimal RT dose and the magnitude of benefit of dose escalation could not be identified. CONCLUSIONS: Although RT dose appears to correlate with various measures of treatment outcome, objective, high-quality data addressing this critical issue are still lacking. At the present time, the absolute improvement in outcome due to dose escalation, the subset of @entity0 benefitting most, and the optimal dose remain to be defined.

title: Defining a dose-response relationship with radiotherapy for XXXX : is more really better?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Using MRI surface morphometry mapping, to evaluate local deformations of the hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus, and entorhinal cortex in predicting conversion from @entity1 ( @entity1 ) to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: Baseline brain MRI with surface morphological analysis was performed in 130 outpatients with @entity1 , broadly defined, and 61 healthy controls followed for an average of 4 years in a single site study. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity1 differed from controls in several regions of the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, and to a lesser extent in the parahippocampal gyrus. In the @entity1 sample, Cox regression models were conducted for time to conversion comparing converters to @entity2 (n=31) and non-converters (n=99), controlling for age, sex and education. Converters showed greater atrophy in the head of the hippocampus, predominantly in the @entity3 region and subiculum, and in the entorhinal cortex, especially in the anterior-inferior pole bilaterally. When distances of specific points representing localized inward deformation were entered together with the corresponding hippocampal or entorhinal cortex volume in the same Cox regression model, the distances remained highly significant whereas the volumes of the corresponding structures were either marginally significant or not significant. Inclusion of cognitive or memory measures or @entity4 genotype as covariates, or restricting the sample to @entity0 with @entity1 (24 converters and 81 non-converters) did not materially change the findings. In the 3-year follow-up sample of @entity0 with @entity1 , logistic regression analyses using the same measures and covariates yielded similar results. INTERPRETATION: These findings indicate selective early involvement of the @entity3 and subiculum regions of the hippocampus and provide new information on early anterior pole involvement in the entorhinal cortex in incipient @entity2 . Fine-grained surface morphometry of medial temporal lobe structures may be superior to volumetric assessment in predicting conversion to @entity2 in @entity0 clinically diagnosed with @entity1 .

title: MRI hippocampal and entorhinal cortex mapping in predicting conversion to XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Between 1990 and 1996 at the Department of Vascular Surgery, Medical Academy in Wroc  aw 34 @entity0 with groin @entity2 were operated. All @entity0 had aorto-bifemoral graft implantation before. The age range between 41 and 81 years. Among @entity0 there were 4 @entity0 and 30 @entity0 . The diagnosis of groin @entity2 was based on physical and ultrasound examination. In each case scintigraphy with 99Tc labeled leukocytes was performed. Scintigraphic picture showed @entity1 in eight (23.5%) @entity0 (group I). In 26 (76.5%) cases (group II) there was no infection on scintigraphy. In group I all @entity0 were operated-the infected graft was excised and then implantation of straight PTFE or venous by-pass "in situ" was performed. In group II all @entity0 were also operated, but through the groin approach only -in 9 cases reconstruction of the anastomosis between graft and artery was done and in 17 cases PTFE by-pass was performed. In group I the results of the treatment were good in 6 cases; in remaining two @entity0 the amputation of the leg had to be done. In group II the results of the operation was good in 24 cases and 2 @entity0 had amputation of the leg. CONCLUSION: Scintigraphy with 99Tc labeled leukocytes is beneficial in the diagnosis of @entity3 after previous vascular reconstruction.

title: [Radioisotopic diagnosis of infected anastomotic groin XXXX after complications with aorto-bifemoral vascular prosthesis].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The staging of @entity3 using 3 modalities viz operative, histopathology and CT scan has been subject of interest in accurately defining the extent of disease. This retrospective as well as prospective study was carried out at CMC, Ludhiana, Punjab from November 2011 to May 2014. AIM: The objective of this study was to assess the usefulness and accuracy of CT scan findings to state the extent and spread of @entity3 and to correlate these findings with histopathological diagnosis. METHOD: A total of 31 biopsy proven @entity0 showing variable bowel wall thickening involving the colon /rectum on CECT (Contrast Enhanced Computed Tomography) were included in the study. The @entity2 were staged based on the CT scan findings and were compared with the operative and histopathological findings. OBSERVATIONS: Rectum was the most common site of involvement followed by the recto-sigmoid involvement. @entity1 was observed in 5 cases out of the 31 malignant cases. Five of the 7 cases were correctly staged as T1 _ T2 lesions on CT having a sensitivity of 83.3%, specificity of 92%, and positive predictive value of 71.4% and a negative predictive value of 95.8% in the diagnosis of T1 and T2 lesions. 15 of the 16 cases were correctly staged as @entity4 . CT had a sensitivity of 88.2%, specificity of 93.8%, and positive predictive value of 93.8% and a negative predictive value of 86.7% in the diagnosis of @entity4 . All the 8 cases were correctly staged as @entity4 . CT had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 100%, and positive predictive value of 100% and a negative predictive value of 100% in the diagnosis of @entity4 . CONCLUSION: We conclude that CT scan is an excellent modality in diagnosing @entity5 .

title: Comparative analysis of XXXX staging using operative, histopathology and computed tomography findings.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Minority @entity0 with @entity1 experience worse control of their @entity2 than do their white counterparts. This disparity may, in part, reflect more miscommunication between minority @entity0 and their physicians. Therefore, we examined whether @entity0 @entity3 could reduce disparities in @entity2 control in a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. METHODS: Sixty-seven English-speaking @entity1 outpatients, including 15 minorities, with moderate @entity2 over the prior 2 weeks were randomly assigned to the experimental (N = 34) or control group (N = 33). Experimental @entity0 received a 20-minute individualized education and @entity3 session to increase knowledge of @entity2 self-management, to redress personal misconceptions about @entity2 treatment, and to rehearse an individually scripted @entity0 -physician dialog about @entity2 control. The control group received standardized information on controlling @entity2 . Data on average @entity2 (0-10 scale) were collected at enrollment and 2-week follow-up. RESULTS: At enrollment, minority @entity0 had significantly more @entity2 than their white counterparts (6.0 vs 5.0, P = 0.05). At follow-up, minorities in the control group continued to have more @entity2 (6.4 vs 4.7, P = 0.01), whereas in the experimental group, disparities were eliminated (4.0 vs 4.3, P = 0.71). The effect of the intervention on reducing disparities was significant (P = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 @entity3 offers promise as a means of reducing racial/ethnic disparities in @entity2 control. Larger studies are needed to validate these findings and to explore possible mechanisms.

title: Can @entity0 @entity3 reduce racial/ethnic disparities in XXXX control? Secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Two clinical @entity7 isolates that exhibited high-level resistance to @entity8 and modest decreases in susceptibility to @entity4 were cultured from unrelated @entity0 . Both isolates harbored homozygous nonsense mutations in @entity10 , which encodes an enzyme, @entity6 @entity3 ,6-desaturase, involved in @entity9 synthesis. Extraction and analysis of the @entity5 from both isolates confirmed the absence of @entity6 @entity3 ,6-desaturase activity. Although the loss of @entity6 @entity3 ,6-desaturase activity is known to confer resistance to @entity8 , this mechanism of resistance has rarely been seen in clinical isolates, suggesting that such mutants are at a competitive disadvantage. To test this hypothesis, the virulence of the @entity10 mutants was assayed by using a @entity1 @entity2 model. The mutants were significantly less virulent than the wild-type comparator strains. However, the kidney fungal burdens in @entity1 infected with the @entity10 mutants were similar to those in @entity1 infected with the wild-type strains. Similar results were obtained by using a laboratory-generated homozygous @entity10 deletion mutant (D. Sanglard et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 47:2404-2412, 2003). Reintroduction of a wild-type @entity10 allele into the homozygous deletion mutant restored virulence, @entity9 synthesis, and susceptibility to @entity8 , confirming that these phenotypic changes were solely due to the inactivation of @entity10 .

title: Inactivation of @entity6 @entity3 ,6-desaturase attenuates virulence in XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Natural fluctuations of sex hormones during the menstrual cycle have been shown to modulate language lateralisation. Using the dichotic listening (DL) paradigm, a well-established measurement of language lateralisation, several studies revealed that the left hemispheric language dominance was stronger when levels of @entity1 were high. A recent study (Hjelmervik et al., 2012) showed, however, that high levels of follicular @entity1 increased lateralisation only in a condition that required @entity0 to cognitively control (top-down) the stimulus-driven (bottom-up) response. This finding suggested that sex hormones modulate lateralisation only if cognitive control demands are high. The present study investigated language lateralisation in 73 normally cycling @entity0 under three attention conditions that differed in cognitive control demands. Saliva @entity1 and @entity2 levels were determined by luminescence immunoassays. @entity0 were allocated to a high or low @entity1 group. The results showed a reduced language lateralisation when @entity1 and @entity2 levels were high. The effect was independent of the attention condition indicating that @entity1 marginally affected cognitive control. The findings might suggest that high levels of @entity1 especially reduce the stimulus-driven (bottom-up) aspect of lateralisation rather than top-down cognitive control.

title: Sex hormones affect language lateralisation but not cognitive control in normally cycling XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of temporary ovarian suppression with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists (LHRHa) in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is still controversial. Our meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) investigates whether the use of LHRHa during chemotherapy in @entity0 @entity1 reduces treatment-related @entity3 rate, increases pregnancy rate, and impacts disease-free survival (DFS). METHODS: A literature search using PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library, and the proceedings of major conferences, was conducted up to 30 April 2015. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for @entity3 (i.e. @entity3 by study definition, and @entity3 defined as @entity2 1 year after chemotherapy completion) and for @entity1 with pregnancy, as well hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CI for DFS, were calculated for each trial. Pooled analysis was carried out using the fixed- and random-effects models. RESULTS: A total of 12 RCTs were eligible including 1231 @entity0 @entity1 . The use of LHRHa was associated with a significant reduced risk of @entity3 (OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.23-0.57; P < 0.001), yet with significant heterogeneity (I(2) = 47.1%, Pheterogeneity = 0.026). In eight studies reporting @entity2 rates 1 year after chemotherapy completion, the addition of LHRHa reduced the risk of @entity3 (OR 0.55, 95% CI 0.41-0.73, P < 0.001) without heterogeneity (I(2) = 0.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.936). In five studies reporting pregnancies, more @entity1 treated with LHRHa achieved pregnancy (33 versus 19 @entity1 ; OR 1.83, 95% CI 1.02-3.28, P = 0.041; I(2) = 0.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.629). In three studies reporting DFS, no difference was observed (HR 1.00, 95% CI 0.49-2.04, P = 0.939; I(2) = 68.0%, Pheterogeneity = 0.044). CONCLUSION: Temporary ovarian suppression with LHRHa in young @entity0 @entity1 is associated with a reduced risk of chemotherapy-induced @entity3 and seems to increase the pregnancy rate, without an apparent negative consequence on prognosis.

title: Ovarian suppression using luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists during chemotherapy to preserve ovarian function and fertility of XXXX @entity1 : a meta-analysis of randomized studies.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To demonstrate the spectrum of copy number variants (CNVs) in fetuses with isolated @entity1 ( @entity5 ), and analyze genetic content. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2012, 200 fetuses were identified with left sided CHD. Exclusion criteria were chromosomal rearrangements, 22q11.2 microdeletion and/or extra-cardiac @entity3 (n=64). We included cases with additional minor anomalies (n=39), such as single umbilical artery. In 54 of 136 eligible cases, stored material was available for array analysis. CNVs were categorized as either (likely) benign, (likely) pathogenic or of unknown significance. RESULTS: In 18 of the 54 isolated left sided @entity5 we found 28 rare CNVs (prevalence 33%, average 1.6 @entity2 per @entity0 size 10.6kb - 2.2Mb). Our interpretation yielded clinically significant CNVs in 2 of 54 cases (4%) and variants of unknown significance in 3 other cases (6%). CONCLUSIONS: In left sided @entity5 that appear isolated, with normal chromosome analysis and 22q11.2 FISH analysis, array analysis detects clinically significant CNVs. When counselling parents of a fetus with a left sided CHD it must be taken into consideration that aside from the cardiac characteristics, the presence of extra-cardiac @entity3 and @entity4 influence the treatment plan and prognosis. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: XXXX variations in fetal @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To report on significant dose enhancement effects caused by magnetic fields aligned parallel to 6 MV photon beam radiotherapy of @entity3 . Findings are applicable to future inline MRI-guided radiotherapy systems. METHODS: A total of eight clinical @entity1 cases were recalculated using Monte Carlo methods, and external magnetic fields of 0.5, 1.0, and 3 T were included to observe the impact on dose to the planning target volume ( @entity4 ) and gross @entity2 volume (GTV). Three plans were 6 MV 3D-CRT plans while 6 were 6 MV IMRT. The GTV's ranged from 0.8 to 16 cm(3), while the @entity4 's ranged from 1 to 59 cm(3). In addition, the dose changes in a 30 cm diameter cylindrical water phantom were investigated for small beams. The central 20 cm of this phantom contained either water or lung density insert. RESULTS: For single beams, an inline magnetic field of 1 T has a small impact in lung dose distributions by reducing the lateral scatter of secondary electrons, resulting in a small dose increase along the beam. Superposition of multiple small beams leads to significant dose enhancements. Clinically, this process occurs in the lung tissue typically surrounding the GTV, resulting in increases to the D98% ( @entity4 ). Two @entity2 with very small PTVs (3 and 6 cm(3)) showed increases in D98% of 23% and 22%. Larger PTVs of 13, 26, and 59 cm(3) had increases of 9%, 6%, and 4%, describing a natural fall-off in enhancement with increasing @entity4 size. However, three PTVs bounded to the lung wall showed no significant increase, due to lack of dose enhancement in the denser @entity4 volume. In general, at 0.5 T, the GTV mean dose enhancement is around 60% lower than that at 1 T, while at 3 T, it is 5%-60% higher than 1 T. CONCLUSIONS: Monte Carlo methods have described significant and predictable dose enhancement effects in small @entity1 plans for 6 MV radiotherapy when an external inline magnetic field is included. Results of this study indicate that future clinical inline MRI-guided radiotherapy systems will be able to deliver a dosimetrically superior treatment to small ( @entity4 < 15 cm(3)), isolated @entity1 over non-MRI-Linac systems. This increased efficacy coincides with the reimbursement in the United States of lung CT screening and the likely rapid growth in the number of @entity0 with @entity3 to be treated with radiotherapy.

title: Dose enhancement in radiotherapy of XXXX using inline magnetic fields: A Monte Carlo based planning study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The Activities of Daily Vision Scale (ADVS) has been extensively validated by traditional methodology. In the current study, Rasch analysis was used to explore further the validity of the ADVS and to determine whether improvements could be made. METHODS: Forty-three @entity0 with @entity2 underwent visual acuity (VA) and contrast sensitivity (CS) testing and completed the ADVS. The data were Rasch analyzed and the value of response scale and item reduction explored. A shortened version and the original ADVS were tested for criterion validity by determining correlations with VA and CS. RESULTS: The ADVS data contained abnormally distributed items and items with ceiling effects and empty response categories. Therefore, items benefited from shortening the response scale, the optimum length being three responses. There was poor targeting of item difficulty to @entity0 ability, because many @entity0 with @entity2 were sufficiently able that they had no difficulty with many activities. Items were eliminated if the task was too easy or did not fit with the overall concept of @entity1 determined by the Rasch model. A reduced ADVS version was established that had adequate precision, equivalent criterion validity, and improved targeting of item difficulty to @entity0 ability, but this version was still not ideal. CONCLUSIONS: Despite careful traditional validation, the ADVS data contained inadequacies exposed by Rasch analysis. Through @entity3 , particularly with response scale reduction, the ADVS can be improved, but additional questions seem to be needed to suit the more able, including @entity0 undergoing second eye @entity2 surgery. There remains a need to develop Rasch-scaled measures of @entity1 for use in ophthalmic outcomes research.

title: The Activities of Daily Vision Scale for XXXX surgery outcomes: re-evaluating validity with Rasch analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In order to study @entity5 ( @entity6 ) signaling associated with type  1 @entity3 ( @entity3 ), we evaluated the @entity6 receptors (LPARs), @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) expression in @entity3 and normal endometrium with correlation to clinicopathological features. We investigated @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 , @entity7 and @entity4 expression at mRNA and protein levels using quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analyses in 37  ECs and 10  normal endometria. All the examined LPARs (except for @entity10 protein), @entity7 and @entity4 were overexpressed in cancerous compared to healthy endometrium. The studied ECs showed the highest @entity9 and @entity8 expression. Statistically positive correlations were found between depth of myoinvasion and levels of @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity4 transcripts and proteins. We also found positive correlations between @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity11 and @entity4 expression with the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage. The expression of @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity4 was positively associated with the age of @entity0 . Positive correlations were found between the expression of @entity8 mRNA, @entity9 mRNA and protein and @entity10 mRNA and body mass index (BMI) of the examined @entity0 . We found no association between the expression levels of the studied factors and @entity1 or @entity2 among the examined @entity0 . Owing to the highest @entity9 and @entity8 expression in @entity3 and positive correlations of these two receptors with the depth of myoinvasion and the FIGO stage, we believe that @entity9 and @entity8 show promise as predictors of the @entity3 progression as well as the main receptors responsible for @entity6 action in the @entity3 tissue.

title: The significance of the altered expression of @entity5 receptors, XXXX and @entity4 as the potential biomarkers in type  1 @entity3 biology.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is a disease with intra- and inter- @entity3 heterogeneity, and models representing the complete variety of clinical @entity0 phenotypes are not available. We explored the @entity3 growth potential and metastatic behavior of @entity1 @entity0 cell lines and determined whether these cell lines can recapitulate subtype-related biological characteristics of @entity3 . Eighteen @entity1 @entity0 cell lines were implanted under the mammary fat pad of @entity4 . Subtype-specific differences in @entity3 growth, metastatic ability to distant sites, and @entity3 -related survival of @entity4 were recorded. Eighty-nine percent of the cell lines gave rise to xenografts of which 56  % showed @entity2 to distant sites. A clear difference was observed in growth of xenografts from cell lines of different molecular subtypes (P  =  0.001; Kruskal-Wallis test). @entity4 bearing the basal-like and the normal-like xenografts showed poor @entity3 -related survival (HR: 10.50; P  =  0.002 and HR: 9.89; P  =  0.003, respectively) compared with those bearing the @entity5 -positive xenografts, which had the longest survival. Subtype-specific @entity2 to distant sites between xenografts was not however observed. Comparable to clinical behavior in @entity1 , we observed that the basal-like and the normal-like cell lines grew more aggressively in @entity4 than the cell lines of other molecular subtypes. However, in contrast to clinical findings, we observed no relationships between intrinsic subtype and preferences for site of relapse. Importantly, we have established xenograft models from 16 phenotypically and molecularly diverse @entity1 @entity0 cell lines, which can be exploited as useful tools to perform functional studies and screening of interfering drugs.

title: Growth and metastatic behavior of molecularly well-characterized XXXX @entity0 cell lines in @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Correlation between compressed spinal cords on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and electrophysiological findings in cervical spondylotic @entity1 @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: To clarify the correlation between spinal-cord-evoked potentials and MRI measurements of compressed spinal cords in @entity0 with cervical spondylotic @entity1 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Compression of the spinal cord does not always cause clinical symptoms and it is difficult to infer the degree of dysfunction of the spinal cord from MRI findings. METHODS: Seventeen @entity0 with cervical spondylotic @entity1 were examined with MRI and spinal-cord-evoked potentials before surgery. Using abnormality in spinal-cord-evoked potentials as indicators of spinal cord morphology, spinal-cord transverse area and compression ratios (central and 1/4-lateral) were measured on T1-weighted axial imaging. The correlations between these dimensions and electrophysiological findings were investigated. RESULTS: The mean preoperative transverse area of the spinal cord was 47.13 mm2. The mean preoperative central compression ratio of the spinal cord was 34.4%. The mean preoperative 1/4-lateral compression ratio of the spinal cord was 27.5%. A correlation (Spearman r=0.65, P < 0.01) was observed between the 1/4-lateral compression ratio of the spinal cord and the amplitude ratio of spinal-cord-evoked potentials after electric stimulation of the brain (Br(E)-SCEPs). CONCLUSIONS: The preoperative 1/4-lateral compression ratio of the spinal cord was found to reflect the degree of dysfunction of the corticospinal tracts.

title: A correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and electrophysiological findings in cervical spondylotic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) are an infrequent cause of @entity4 in oncological @entity0 . The majority are di-agnosed in @entity0 with advanced @entity1 , above all localized in the breast, lung or stomach. There are few published cases involving @entity0 with @entity1 . We present the case of a 69 year-old male, without a previous diagnosis of @entity1 , who was admitted due to subacute @entity4 , with clinical suspicion of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The @entity0 died on the fifth day of admission. The autopsy confirmed the existence of a @entity1 in the left renal pelvis with hepatic and lymphoganglionary metastasis and an extensive @entity3 that affected a large part of the capillaries and medium-caliber blood vessels of both lungs. @entity6 were considered responsible for the progressive @entity5 and as the final cause of @entity2 . The most frequent clinical presentation of @entity6 is @entity4 . They are often mistaken for @entity3 and diagnosis is not easy. Their prognosis is very bad, with extremely high mortality and confirmation is usually post-mortem.

title: [Microvascular @entity6 in a XXXX with @entity1 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: The oxidative stress-inducible @entity2 / @entity5 exchange system, system x (c) (-) , transports one molecule of @entity2 , the oxidized form of @entity1 , into cells and thereby releases one molecule of @entity5 into the extracellular space. It consists of two protein components, the @entity7 , necessary for membrane location of the heterodimer, and the @entity6 protein, responsible for transport activity. Previously, system x (c) (-) has been regarded to be a mere supplier of @entity1 to cells for the synthesis of proteins and the antioxidant @entity3 ( @entity4 ). In that sense, @entity0 , electrophilic agents, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide trigger @entity6 expression to accommodate with increased oxidative stress by stimulating @entity4 biosynthesis. However, emerging evidence established that system x (c) (-) may act on its own as a @entity4 -independent redox system by sustaining a redox cycle over the plasma membrane. Hallmarks of this cycle are @entity2 uptake, intracellular reduction to @entity1 and secretion of the surplus of @entity1 into the extracellular space. Consequently, increased levels of extracellular @entity1 provide a reducing microenvironment required for proper cell signaling and communication, e.g. as already shown for the mechanism of T cell activation. By contrast, the enhanced release of @entity5 in exchange with @entity2 may trigger neurodegeneration due to @entity5 -induced cytotoxic processes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive picture from the early days of system x (c) (-) research up to now.

title: The oxidative stress-inducible @entity2 / @entity5 antiporter, system x (c) (-) : XXXX supplier and beyond.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Nasogastric intubation has been shown to be a painful procedure for @entity0 . Previous studies have demonstrated the benefit of topical nasal anesthesia in decreasing the @entity1 of this procedure. This study attempts to identify which of 3 topical anesthetic modalities would be preferred by @entity0 . METHODS: This study had a double-blind, double-dummy randomized triple crossover design with 30 healthy volunteers as @entity0 . Each @entity0 had 3 nasogastric tubes inserted and acted as his or her own control for the 3 study medications: 1.5 mL 4% atomized @entity3 , 1.5 mL 4% atomized @entity2 , and 5 mL 2% @entity3 gel. @entity0 scored @entity1 of tube passage through the nostril as well as global discomfort. They were also asked to identify which agent they preferred. RESULTS: In our 30 subjects, although no statistically significant difference in nasal @entity1 scores was found, "global discomfort" was less with the @entity3 gel (P =.017). @entity0 preferred the @entity3 gel over atomized @entity2 (P <.00), but not to a statistically significant degree. DISCUSSION: Two percent @entity3 gel appeared to provide the best option for a topical anesthetic during nasogastric tube insertion.

title: What is the best topical anesthetic for nasogastric insertion? A comparison of @entity3 gel, @entity3 spray, and atomized XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Aim: Thyroid nodules represent a common clinical issue. Amongst other minimally invasive procedures, percutaneous microwave ablation (MWA) poses a promising new approach. The goal of this retrospective study is to find out if there is a correlation between @entity1 after 3 months and 99mTc-uptake reduction of treated thyroid nodules. @entity0 , methods: 14 @entity0 with 18 nodules were treated with MWA. Pre-ablative assessment included sonographical and functional imaging of the thyroid with 99mTc-pertechnetate and 99mTc-MIBI. Additionally, @entity0 underwent thyroid scintigraphy 24 hours after ablation in order to evaluate the impact of the treatment on a functional level and to ensure sufficient ablation of the targeted area. At a 3-month follow-up, ultrasound examination was performed to assess nodular @entity1 . Results: Mean relative nodular @entity1 after three months was 55.4    17.9% (p < 0.05). 99mTc-uptake 24 hours after treatment was 45.2    31.9% (99mTc-MIBI) and 35.7    20.3% (99mTc-pertechnetate) lower than prior to ablation (p < 0.05). Correlating reduction of volume and 99mTc-uptake, Pearson's r was 0.41 (p < 0.05) for nodules imaged with 99mTc-MIBI and -0.98 (p < 0.05) for 99mTc-pertechnetate. According to scintigraphy 99.6    22.6% of the determined target area could be successfully ablated. Conclusions: MWA can be considered as an efficient, low-risk and convenient new approach to the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. Furthermore, scintigraphy seems to serve as a potential prognostic tool for the later morphological outcome, allowing rapid evaluation of the targeted area in post-ablative examination.

title: Percutaneous microwave ablation of benign thyroid nodules. Functional imaging in comparison to nodular XXXX at a 3-month follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Antipsychotic medications are increasingly used during pregnancy. Nevertheless, fetal risks are still not fully studied. It is currently unclear whether the antipsychotic treatment might induce a higher risk of @entity3 . We aimed to determine if use of antipsychotic medication during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of @entity1 or @entity2 . METHODS: In a historical cohort study, we identified all clinically recognized pregnancies registered in the nationwide Danish registries from 1997 to 2008 (N = 1,005,319). Exposure was defined as any prescription of antipsychotic medications redeemed by the pregnant @entity0 during the exposure window, and recorded in the Danish National Prescription Register. Outcome was defined as any @entity1 or @entity2 recorded in the Danish National Hospital Register and the Danish Medical Birth Register respectively. RESULTS: @entity0 exposed to antipsychotic medications during pregnancy had a 34% higher risk of @entity1 (adjusted relative risk = 1.34; 95% confidence interval = 1.22; 1.46) compared to unexposed @entity0 , but a similar risk compared to @entity0 exposed prior to (but not during) pregnancy (adjusted relative risk = 1.04; 95% confidence interval = 0.93; 1.17). The risk of @entity1 was not increased in exposed pregnancies when compared to unexposed pregnancies in the same @entity0 (adjusted hazard ratio = 1.11; 95% CI = 0.94; 1.31). A twofold higher risk of @entity2 was found in @entity0 exposed to antipsychotic medications compared with unexposed @entity0 (relative risk = 2.27; 95% confidence interval = 1.45; 3.55) and compared with @entity0 exposed only prior to pregnancy (relative risk = 2.06; 95% confidence interval = 1.01; 4.19). CONCLUSIONS: The increased risk of @entity1 found in @entity0 treated with antipsychotic medications during pregnancy is most likely due to confounding factors. The risk of @entity2 was twofold higher in pregnancies exposed to antipsychotic medication during pregnancy. Treatment with antipsychotic medications during pregnancy requires careful consideration.

title: Risk of XXXX after Treatment with Antipsychotic Medications during Pregnancy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the anatomic and visual outcomes and complications of temporary silicone oil (SO) retinal tamponade in @entity0 with complex rhegmatogenous @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: The retrospective study included 100 eyes of 93 consecutive @entity0 . Indications for the use of SO were @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (30 eyes), difficult @entity4 (30 eyes), giant retinal tears (17 eyes), @entity4 after penetrating @entity1 (14 eyes), and macular holes in highly myopic eyes (9 eyes). Vitrectomy surgery was performed with 5000-centistoke SO as the retinal tamponade. All eyes underwent prophylactic 360 degree retinopexy at the time of the retinal reattachment operation. The mean duration of SO tamponade was 26.4 weeks, with a mean follow-up of 67.5 weeks after removal of SO. RESULTS: . In 6 of 100 eyes (6%), the retina redetached after removal of SO. Including the successfully reoperated eyes, the final anatomic success rate was 96%. Other complications were @entity2 (61%), @entity8 (13%), @entity9 (4%), @entity6 (4%), intravitreal @entity3 (1%), and @entity3 (1%). Correspondence analysis demonstrated that redetachment and @entity9 were associated with @entity5 and @entity1 . Overall, good visual outcome (20/200 or better) was achieved in 51% of the whole study group, and in 70.6% of eyes with giant tears, 62.1% of eyes with difficult @entity4 , 44.8% of eyes with @entity5 , 33.3% of eyes with macular holes, and 28.6% of eyes with @entity1 (p=0.0382). Logistic regression analysis identified initial visual acuity of 20/200 or better as a factor associated with good visual outcome and occurrence of @entity7 and old age ( > or = 50 years) as factors negatively associated with good visual outcome. CONCLUSIONS: The low redetachment rate might be due to prophylactic 360 degree retinopexy. Giant tears had the best visual outcome. Redetachment/ @entity9 had a negative impact on achievement of good visual outcome and were associated with @entity5 and @entity1 .

title: Outcome of temporary silicone oil tamponade in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: One hundred consecutive female @entity0 with active @entity12 ( @entity12 ) were studied from the cardiovascular point of view by means of non invasive methods. Seventy percent of the cases presented some type of @entity10 . Seventy four percent of the resting electrocardiograms were abnormal as well as 72% of the M mode echocardiograms and 55% of the cardiac X ray series. The most frequent observed complications were: @entity14 and or pericardial effusion (39%), arterial @entity1 (22%), @entity9 (16%), @entity15 (14%), @entity7 (10%), @entity2 (9%), @entity6 (9%), @entity11 (7%) and cerebro vascular accident (3%). We analyzed each one of these complications and found of special interest the high incidence of @entity9 which is more frequent than has been hitherto reported. @entity9 was observed in two types of @entity0 : a) Those with long term @entity3 therapy. In these, the mechanism seems to be an @entity8 probably induced by the chronic use of @entity4 . The management of these cases do not differ from other types of @entity5 due to @entity8 . b) Those with frank episodes of @entity13 in whom the basic mechanism is an inflammatory process of the coronary arteries and its treatment is fundamentally that of the @entity13 . We consider necessary to study routinely all @entity0 with @entity12 through non invasive cardiological methods.

title: Cardiovascular manifestations in @entity12 . Prospective study of 100 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intramucosal @entity3 ,  <=3  cm ( <=30 mm) with @entity4 , and mixed histology (predominantly differentiated), was previously considered curative after endoscopic resection, and additional surgery was thought to be unnecessary. However, as the evidence base for these criteria remains insufficient, the Japanese @entity3 Treatment Guidelines, ver. 3 (2010) specify that this pathology should be considered noncurative and recommend additional surgery. We report the frequency of lymph node @entity1 in @entity0 with these conditions based on a multicenter study. METHODS: Of @entity0 with early @entity3 who underwent gastrectomy with lymph node dissection, those with a mixed, predominantly differentiated @entity2 type, @entity4 , a @entity2 diameter  <=3  cm, and no lymphovascular invasion were entered into this study. RESULTS: Four hundred and seven @entity0 met the criteria, 21 of whom were excluded owing to a lack of available information. Thus, a total of 386 @entity0 were included in the analysis, from 37 of the 42 member institutions. The mean study duration was 125  months. The most common combination of mixed histology was tub2  +  @entity5 (67  %). None of the 386 @entity0 had lymph node @entity1 (95  % confidence interval, 0-0.8  %). CONCLUSION: The results of this retrospective study indicate that the risk of lymph node @entity1 was less than 1  % among @entity0 with the criteria defined here, considered to be criteria for noncurative resection as per the current guidelines, and suggest that observation alone without additional surgery may result in a good outcome.

title: Incidence of lymph node @entity1 in intramucosal XXXX measuring 30  mm or less, with @entity4 ; mixed, predominantly differentiated-type histology; and no lymphovascular invasion: a multicenter retrospective study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Individuals with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have a higher risk to develop @entity5 . Clinical guidelines emphasize the importance of early diagnosis of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and preventive interventions in these @entity0 . In this study we assessed the prevalence of @entity6 , systolic or diastolic, in @entity1 @entity0 without known @entity4 recruited in the 'left @entity2 in @entity1 (DYDA)' study. DESIGN AND METHODS: We performed clinical, ECG, laboratory, and echocardiographic exams in 960 @entity0 (61    8 years, 59% @entity3 ) recruited in the DYDA study from 37 Italian @entity1 referral centres. ECG and echo exams were read in central facilities. Systolic @entity6 was defined as ejection fraction  <= 50% or midwall shortening ( @entity8 )  <= 15%. Diastolic @entity6 was identified when transmitral E/A was out of the range of 0.75-1.5 or deceleration time of mitral E wave  <= 140 msec. RESULTS: Echocardiographic data were obtained in 751 @entity0 (78.2%). Isolated systolic @entity6 was detected in 22.0% of @entity0 , isolated diastolic @entity6 in 21.5%, and combined systolic and diastolic @entity6 in 12.7%. All @entity0 with systolic @entity6 had @entity8  <= 15%, while only 9% had an ejection fraction  <= 50%. Higher LV mass, relative wall thickness, prevalence of concentric geometry, and @entity7 characterized the @entity0 with @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is present in more than half of @entity1 @entity0 without clinically detectable @entity4 and is associated with @entity7 and concentric LV geometry. One-third of @entity0 exhibits systolic @entity6 detectable at the midwall level.

title: Analysis of midwall shortening reveals high prevalence of left ventricular myocardial dysfunction in XXXX with @entity1 : the DYDA study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 26-year-old @entity0 underwent bypass surgery for biiliac @entity5 of unknown origin. The aorta was cross clamped below the renal arteries to insert a tube graft between the infra-renal aorta and the external iliac arteries with implantation of the internal iliac arteries on the prosthesis. Due to leakage from the posterior area of the proximal @entity3 , the proximal suture was redone. Total cross clamping lasted 65 minutes. No blood pressure drop was noted during or after the procedure. Postoperatively, the neurological examination revealed @entity6 with mild @entity4 . The fecal and urinary deficit resolved three months later. Nearly complete motor recovery was noted at the 18(th) postoperative month. The @entity0 then presented @entity9 at 22 months postop leading to the diagnosis of Beh  et's disease. Several risk factors have been suggested to explain spinal @entity2 after abnormal aortic surgery: anatomic variablility of spinal perfusion, duration of @entity8 clamping, and intra- or postoperative episodes of @entity7 . @entity1 to the arterial system due to Beh  et's disease could also perturb spinal blood supply and reproduce one of the mechanisms incriminated in ischemic spinal lesions occurring during aortic surgery for @entity5 .

title: [Spinal XXXX after biiliac @entity5 surgery related to Beh  et's disease diagnosed two years later].

answer: @entity2