abstract: The @entity0 tissue kallikrein family (KLK for protein; KLK for gene) includes 15 members. Twelve kallikreins, including @entity4 , are concurrently upregulated in @entity1 . However, the mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear. In this study, we measured @entity4 expression in a large series of ovarian tissue cytosols and examined possible mechanisms of @entity4 up-regulation in @entity1 . Using a newly developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with two monoclonal antibodies, we quantified @entity4 expression in ovarian tissue cytosols, and confirmed the upregulation of @entity4 in @entity1 and its unfavourable prognostic value. We then examined @entity4 mRNA expression using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and established its good concordance with @entity4 protein expression. This finding suggested that the @entity4 gene is under transcriptional regulation. We then scrutinised a few mechanisms that could explain @entity4 upregulation. The relative abundance of two @entity4 mRNA transcripts was studied; we found the same differential expression pattern in all samples, regardless of @entity4 levels. Genomic mutation screening of all exons and the 5'-flanking region of the @entity4 gene identified two linked single- @entity3 polymorphisms in the 5'-untranslated region, but neither correlated with @entity4 expression. Ovarian cell lines were separately treated with five @entity2 hormones. None of the treatments produced significant effects on @entity4 expression. We conclude that @entity4 is transcriptionally upregulated in @entity1 , but probably not through alternative mRNA transcript expression, genomic mutation, or @entity2 hormone induction.

title: Transcriptional upregulation of XXXX tissue kallikrein 6 in @entity1 : clinical and mechanistic aspects.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We set out to assess the dynamics of @entity5 after acute @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and their association with clinical visual outcomes. METHODS: Thirty-one consecutive @entity0 with acute @entity6 were prospectively analyzed over a 6-month follow-up period. Each month, we used optical coherence tomography (OCT) to assess the thickness of peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (pRNFL) and segmented macular layers, as well as high-contrast visual acuity, low-contrast visual acuity (LCVA), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). RESULTS: In this prospective study, we found that 6 months after clinical onset, @entity4 suffered a reduction in pRNFL (-45.3  m) and macular thickness (-17.3  m). @entity1 was due to the decrease of macular RNFL thickness (-7.8  m) and that of the ganglion cell layer and inner plexiform layer ( @entity7 , -11.3  m), whereas the thickness of the outer retinal layers increased slightly. The macular RNFL and @entity7 thickness decreased in parallel, yet it always occurred more rapidly and more severely for the @entity7 . The change in the @entity7 thickness in the first month predicted the @entity2 by month 6; a decrease   >=    of 4.5  m predicted poor LCVA (sensitivity of 93% and specificity of 88%), and a decrease of   >=    7  m predicted poor @entity2 and @entity2 (sensitivity of 78% and 100% and specificity of 63% and 66%, respectively). INTERPRETATION: Retinal axonal and @entity3 develops quickly after @entity6 onset. Assessment of ganglion cell layer thickness by OCT after @entity6 onset can be used as an imaging marker of persistent @entity2 . Ann Neurol 2015.

title: Dynamics of @entity5 after acute XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility of applying lung autotransplantation technique in the treatment of @entity1 of the @entity6 . METHODS: Two @entity0 underwent @entity7 upper and middle bilobectomy. Because the length of resected bronchus or pulmonary artery involved by @entity2 was too long to perform tension-free @entity3 , we had to transplant the lower lobar vein into the proximal stump of the upper lobar vein. Another two @entity0 underwent pneumonectomy firstly, because we could not perform sleeve lobectomy in suit as the @entity2 extended through the oblique fissure to the margin of the lower lobe. Subsequently, we resected the @entity2 parts at a separate table, and replanted the preservable part of the lung into the chest. RESULTS: Being followed up to December 1999, the @entity0 1, 3 and 4 had been alive with @entity2 free for 31, 18 and 13 months. The @entity0 1 and 3 had a good living quality but the @entity0 4 had a very poor activity. The @entity0 4 received resection of the replanted lung for pulmonary artery bronchus @entity5 on the 42nd day after operation. The second @entity0 died of tension pneumothorax associated with @entity4 on the 19th day after operation. CONCLUSION: Lung autotransplantation is an alternative technique for pulmonary preservation in @entity0 with @entity2 of the @entity6 whose cardiopulmonary function is too poor to undergo pneumonectomy.

title: Lung autotransplantation technique for treating @entity1 of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity6 is defined by the expression of ews/ets fusion genes. The type of the fusion transcript impacts on the clinical biology. @entity6 requires risk adapted treatment. A risk-adapted treatment is determined by @entity1 localisation, @entity1 stage and volume. For metastatic and relapsed disease the pattern of spread and the time of relapse are the determinants of risk stratification. Staging of @entity6 has been considerably improved by magnetic resonance imaging and modern isotope scanning techniques. However, the determination of the extent of the metastatic spread in particular number of involved bones remains an unresolved issue. The prognosis for high-risk @entity6 has been improved by multimodal and high-dose radio/chemotherapy (HDC). The concepts for high-dose therapy in @entity6 are based on dose response and dose intensity relationships. In single agent HDC most experience exists with Melphalan. Several chemotherapeutic agents have been used in combination HDC with or without @entity2 such as @entity3 , @entity9 , Busulphan, @entity8 , @entity4 , @entity7 , @entity10 , Thiotepa Procarbazin and @entity5 . To date, superiority of any high-dose chemotherapy regimen has not been established. However, the clinical biology, the pattern of spread and the time of relapse determine the prognosis of @entity0 who are eligible for HDC. In particular, @entity0 with multifocal bone or bone marrow metastases have a poorer prognosis than @entity0 with lung metastases. In addition, @entity0 with a relapse within 24 months have a poorer prognosis than @entity0 with a relapse later than 24 months after diagnosis. This review will analyze the results of single- and multi-agent chemotherapy with respect to agent combination, dose and risk stratum of @entity0 population. Future therapeutic modalities for the treatment of @entity6 might encompass immunotherapeutic and genetic strategies including allogeneic stem cell transplantation.

title: High-dose chemoradiotherapy (HDC) in the @entity6 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study is to report the efficacy of laser photocoagulation treatment for @entity4 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ). DESIGN: The study design was a retrospective, clinical study. @entity0 : The authors observed 14 @entity0 with @entity6 , studying the visual acuities and retinal changes of treated and untreated eyes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual acuity, presence of @entity4 , and associated retinal findings were measured. RESULTS: Of 28 eyes, 10 (8 @entity0 ) received 15 laser photocoagulation treatments for @entity4 . Neither treated nor untreated eyes had visual improvement of two or more lines. After treatment, five eyes (50%) had increased @entity2 develop, three (30%) had new draining retinal venules, five (50%) had intraretinal fibrovascular tissues, and four (40%) had retinal and preretinal @entity1 develop. CONCLUSIONS: Grid laser photocoagulation therapy for @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity6 appears to neither improve nor stabilize long-term visual acuity. In addition, treatment is associated with retinal pigment epithelial changes, increased @entity2 , postoperative vascularized @entity5 . These changes, however, do not appear to cause a further @entity3 .

title: Grid laser photocoagulation for @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity4 is an oral antiepileptic agent with an unknown mechanism of action. Recent case reports have suggested that @entity4 may be effective in the treatment of a variety of @entity1 states. This report presents baseline and follow-up data on ten @entity0 who were treated with @entity4 when other pharmacologic interventions failed to relieve their @entity1 . METHODS: Ten @entity0 referred for treatment of unrelieved @entity1 in the head and neck region were included in this study. Baseline and follow-up information included measures of @entity2 intensity and @entity2 quality. All of the @entity0 were started on 300 mg @entity4 three times per day, though daily doses of up to 2400 mg were required for @entity2 relief. RESULTS: Eight of the ten @entity0 had no @entity1 on follow-up, whereas the remaining 2 @entity0 reported only partial relief at follow-up. None of the @entity0 complained of side effects. @entity4 was effective in alleviating steady @entity2 as well as lancinating @entity2 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that @entity4 may be effective in the management of some cases of @entity1 in the head and neck. However, controlled, double-blind longitudinal studies are needed to evaluate this possibility.

title: Experience with @entity4 for XXXX in the head and neck: report of ten cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: 1. An account is given of the absorption of @entity3 by the small intestine of Rana temporaria, R. pipiens and Bufo vulgaris perfused in vitro through the vascular system. Maltase and @entity6 activity are found in the intestine of all three species; very small amounts of sucrase are present in the intestine of R. pipiens but there is no evidence for the presence of @entity0 in any of the animals studied.2. During @entity4 absorption free @entity1 appears in the vascular effluent and in the intestinal lumen. Only very small quantities of @entity2 are found in the vascular effluent. The concentration of free @entity1 in the intestinal lumen during @entity4 absorption is not high enough to account for the rates of @entity1 transport observed. The rate of appearance of @entity1 in the vascular effluent is determined by the concentration of @entity2 in the luminal fluid, and @entity5 , free in solution in the lumen, is not an obligatory intermediate in the process of @entity2 absorption.3. For R. pipiens more than 90% of the maltase activity in the system is present in the intestinal wall and the rate of @entity4 hydrolysis by maltase, free in the intestinal lumen, is found to be inadequate to account for the rates of appearance of @entity1 observed to occur in the lumen and in the vascular effluent. It is not possible to wash away maltase activity from the intestinal wall.4. The kinetic properties of maltase and @entity6 acting in situ are of the Michaelis-Menten type; the apparent K(m) is 2 mM for maltase, and 3 mM for @entity6 .5. The relationship which exists between the rate of absorption of @entity1 and the concentration in the luminal fluid of either @entity2 or free @entity1 is of the Michaelis-Menten type. Expressed in molar units, the apparent K(m) for the @entity1 transport is about one fifth that of the disaccharidase. The maximum rate of @entity1 transport observed is less than the maximum rate of @entity2 hydrolysis. In R. pipiens equimolar concentrations in the intestinal lumen of the monomer free @entity1 , or of the dimer, @entity4 , yield approximately equal rates of transport of the free @entity5 .6. It is concluded that in the amphibian, either intestine @entity2 hydrolysis and @entity1 transport are functions of separate subcellular systems which spatially are very closely related, or that the hydrolysis and transport are different facets of the activity of a common system.

title: XXXX absorption by amphibian small intestine in vitro.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Thirty-two @entity0 and adolescents received their renal transplant at the Montefiore Medical Center, in New York, between October 1996 and May 2000. Twenty-four @entity0 received basiliximab, in addition to @entity4 and @entity2 (basiliximab group). The remaining eight @entity0 received only @entity4 and @entity2 (non-basiliximab group). The 1-year @entity0 survival rate was 100% in both groups. The 1-year graft survival rate was 87.5% for the basiliximab group and 75% for the non-basiliximab group (P=0.45). The rates of acute rejection in the basiliximab and non-basiliximab groups were 26% and 43%, respectively (P=0.36). However, in recipients with <or=3 HLA mismatches, the rate of acute rejection was zero in the basiliximab group, and 40% in the non-basiliximab group (P=0.04). The beneficial effect occurred despite the fact that @entity4 was maintained at below the target levels. There were no adverse events directly attributable to the administration of basiliximab. There were no cases of @entity5 or @entity3 . In summary, addition of basiliximab to @entity4 and @entity1 significantly decreased the rate of acute rejection in well-matched @entity0 . Moreover, this effect was manifest at lower, and therefore less toxic, @entity4 levels.

title: Basiliximab induction improves the outcome of renal transplants in XXXX and adolescents.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with @entity2 were stratified into risk groups for survival based on surgicopathologic findings from a prospective study conducted by the Gynecologic Oncology Group from 1977-1984. The purpose of this study is to reassess these risk groups in @entity0 treated in an era of contemporary management. METHODS: @entity0 with @entity3 were identified from 1990-2005 for retrospective analysis. Charts were abstracted for clinical, histopathologic and surgical data, and @entity0 stratified into four risk groups for survival based on the clinical size of @entity2 and extent of lymph node @entity1 . Univariate and multivariate characteristics were evaluated and 5-year survival determined by Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: 175 @entity0 were identified that underwent surgical management with a median age at diagnosis of 59.9 years. Stage distribution included: I (n=89, 51%), II (n=53, 30%), III (n=29, 17%), and IV (n=4, 2%). Stratification into risk groups included: minimal (n=89, 51%), low (n=69, 40%), intermediate (n=11, 6%), and high (n=6; 3%). The survival rate was 100%, 97%, 82% and 100%, respectively, at median follow-up of 54.5 months. Comparatively, the survival rates for historic groups were 97.9%, 87.4%, 74.8% and 29.0%. Using multivariate analysis, age (p=0.04) and lymph node @entity1 (p=0.009) were predictive of survival. CONCLUSIONS: Survival among the minimal and low risk groups is preserved in spite of less radical surgery. 5-year survival rate for intermediate and high risk @entity0 also appears to be improved. This is likely a result of advancement in adjuvant chemo-radiation and a younger @entity0 population that presents with @entity4 .

title: Gynecologic Oncology Group risk groups for XXXX : improvement in survival in the modern era.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Clinicians have anecdotally noted that combat-related invasive @entity2 (IFIs) lead to residual limb @entity3 , additional days and operative procedures before initial wound closure, and high early complication rates. We evaluated the validity of these observations and identified risk factors that may impact time to initial wound closure. DESIGN: Retrospective review and case-control analysis. SETTING: Military hospitals. @entity0 / @entity0 : US military personnel injured during combat operations (2009-2011). The IFI cases were identified based on the presence of recurrent, @entity1 extremity wounds with mold growth in culture, and/or histopathologic fungal evidence. Non-IFI controls were matched on injury pattern and severity. In a supplemental matching analysis, non-IFI controls were also matched by blood volume transfused within 24 hours of injury. INTERVENTION: None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Amputation revision rate and loss of functional levels. RESULTS: Seventy-one IFI cases (112 @entity2 ) were identified and matched to 160 control @entity0 (315 non-IFI extremity wounds). The IFI wounds resulted in significantly more changes in amputation level (P < 0.001). Additionally, significantly (P < 0.001) higher number of operative procedures and longer duration to initial wound closure were associated with IFI. A shorter duration to initial wound closure was significantly associated with wounds lacking IFIs (Hazard ratio: 1.53; 95% confidence interval, 1.17-2.01). The supplemental matching analysis found similar results. CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis indicates that IFIs adversely impact wound healing and @entity0 recovery, requiring more frequent proximal amputation revisions and leading to higher early complication rates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic Level III. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Early Complications and Outcomes in Combat Injury-Related Invasive XXXX : A Case-Control Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The management of @entity1 with persistent @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a major challenge for surgeons. We report our experience of performing pedicle muscle flap transposition for @entity1 with @entity3 in a clinical center in China. METHODS: The subjects of this study were 13 @entity0 with postoperative @entity1 and persistent @entity3 . The surgical procedure performed was chosen according to the degree of @entity2 in the @entity4 . @entity0 with mild contamination underwent one-stage cavity decortication with flap transposition, whereas @entity0 with severe @entity2 underwent two-stage surgery including open-window thoracostomy and pedicle muscle flap transposition. RESULTS: Five @entity0 underwent one-stage surgery, followed by an uneventful postoperative course in all except one. The other eight @entity0 underwent two-stage surgery. The fistulas closed spontaneously during the course of dressings and six of these eight @entity0 underwent second-stage surgery uneventfully. A bronchopleurocutaneous sinus developed in the wounds of the other two @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Pedicle muscle flap transposition is a viable option for @entity1 with @entity3 ; however, surgical procedures should be selected according to the degree of contamination. For two-stage surgery, obliteration of the cavity should be considered, preferably after closure of the @entity3 .

title: Pedicle muscle flap transposition for XXXX with persistent @entity3 : experience of a single clinical center in China.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 / @entity4 encodes a protein involved in bacterial recognition by monocytes. Mutations in @entity4 have recently been found in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), a chronic inflammatory condition of the digestive tract. Here, we report the mutational analyses of @entity4 in 453 @entity0 with @entity2 , including 166 sporadic and 287 familial cases, 159 @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and 103 healthy control subjects. Of 67 sequence variations identified, 9 had an allele frequency >5% in @entity0 with @entity2 . Six of them were considered to be polymorphisms, and three ( @entity5 , @entity6 , and 1007fs) were confirmed to be independently associated with susceptibility to @entity2 . Also considered as potential disease-causing mutations (DCMs) were 27 rare additional mutations. The three main variants ( @entity5 , @entity6 , and 1007fs) represented 32%, 18%, and 31%, respectively, of the total @entity2 mutations, whereas the total of the 27 rare mutations represented 19% of DCMs. Altogether, 93% of the mutations were located in the distal third of the gene. No mutations were found to be associated with @entity3 . In contrast, 50% of @entity0 with @entity2 carried at least one DCM, including 17% who had a double mutation. This observation confirmed the gene-dosage effect in @entity2 . The @entity0 with double-dose mutations were characterized by a younger age at onset (16.9 years vs. 19.8 years; P=.01), a more frequent stricturing phenotype (53% vs. 28%; P=.00003; odds ratio 2.92), and a less frequent colonic involvement (43% vs. 62%; P=.003; odds ratio 0.44) than were seen in those @entity0 who had no mutation. The severity of the disease and extraintestinal manifestations were not different for any of the @entity4 genotypes. The proportion of familial and sporadic cases and the proportion of @entity0 with smoking habits were similar in the groups of @entity0 with @entity2 with or without mutation. These findings provide tools for a DNA-based test of susceptibility and for genetic counseling in @entity1 .

title: @entity4 / XXXX mutational analysis and genotype-phenotype correlation in 612 @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report our experience with repeat microvascular decompression (MVD) for hemifacial @entity2 (HFS) in @entity0 who have failed their first operation. METHODS: The authors describe 41 redo MVDs for HFS in 36 @entity0 performed over a 3 year period. Seven @entity0 underwent early re-operation after an @entity1 . Eight @entity0 underwent early re-operation for clinical failure. Eighteen @entity0 underwent late re-operation for @entity2 recurrence long after their original MVD. Eight MVDs were performed on @entity0 who had already undergone at least two prior operations. RESULTS: Twenty four @entity0 experienced complete @entity2 resolution (70.6%), eight @entity0 had near total resolution (23.5%), and two @entity0 failed re-operation (5.9%). Two @entity0 were lost to follow up (5.6%). A favourable outcome was reported by 82.4% of @entity0 at a mean follow up interval of 18 months. A total of 91.7% of @entity0 50 years of age or younger were cured at follow up versus 59.1% of @entity0 older than 50 (p = 0.04). @entity0 undergoing early re-operation were significantly more likely to be cured or improved than @entity0 undergoing late re-operation (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Repeat MVD for HFS is effective in experienced hands. Younger @entity0 respond better to repeat MVD. Late repeat MVD for HFS is a reasonable treatment option, although results are less favourable than for early re-operation.

title: Repeat microvascular decompression for hemifacial XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To report the distribution of various sleep parameters in a population-based study. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study with self-administered questionnaires. SETTING: Conducted as part of the Hordaland Health Study '97-'99 in collaboration with the Norwegian National Health Screening Service. @entity0 : 8860 subjects, aged 40 to 45 years, answered the sleep questionnaire part of the study. INTERVENTIONS: N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Reports on habitual bedtimes, rise times, subjective @entity2 , and various sleep characteristics were used in this study. Mean (+/- SD) nocturnal sleep duration during weekdays in @entity0 was 6 hours 52 minutes (+/- 55 minutes); in @entity0 7 hours 11 minutes (+/- 57 minutes). Mean subjective @entity2 was 7 hours 16 minutes (+/- 52 minutes) in @entity0 ; 7 hours 45 minutes (+/- 52 minutes) in @entity0 . Sleep duration was shorter in shift workers and longer in married subjects and in those living in rural areas. Subjective @entity2 was higher in subjects reporting poor subjective health and in subjects living in rural areas. In total, these variables accounted for only around 3% of the variance in sleep duration and @entity2 . Ten percent of the @entity0 and 12.2% of the @entity0 reported frequent @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The wide distribution of sleep duration and subjective @entity2 indicate large interindividual variations in these parameters. There were pronounced sex differences in these variables and in most of the sleep characteristics studied. Shift work, @entity3 , marital status, and education in @entity0 were sources of significant, but small, variations in sleep duration.

title: Sleep duration, subjective XXXX , and sleep habits of 40- to 45-year-olds in the Hordaland Health Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the potential of etanercept, a biological inhibitor of @entity1 @entity2 factor-alpha ( @entity5 ), delivered by perispinal administration, for the treatment of @entity4 associated with @entity7 . METHODS: Charts from 20 selected @entity0 treated at our private clinic by perispinal delivery of etanercept 25 mg for severe, chronic, treatment-resistant discogenic @entity4 were reviewed. Therapeutic benefit was assessed clinically and was documented by changes in a validated @entity4 instrument, the @entity6 Index. The @entity0 were treated off-label with etanercept as part of our usual practice of medicine. Five detailed case reports are presented, including three additional @entity0 . RESULTS: Rapid, substantial and sustained clinical @entity4 reduction was documented in this selected group of @entity0 . The cohort of 20 @entity0 had a mean age of 56.5 and mean duration of @entity4 of 116 months. Nine of the @entity0 had undergone previous spinal surgery; 17 had received an epidural @entity3 injection or injections (mean 3.2). This group of @entity0 received a mean of 1.8 doses (range 1-5, median 1.0) of etanercept during the observation period. The mean length of follow-up was 230 days. Clinical improvement was confirmed by a decrease in the calculated @entity6 Index from a mean of 54.85 +/- 12.5 at baseline, improving to 17.2 +/- 15.3 (p <0.003) at 24 days and ending at 9.8 +/- 13 (p <0.003) at 230 days. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 inhibition by etanercept delivered by perispinal administration may offer clinical benefit for @entity0 with chronic, treatment-resistant discogenic @entity4 . Further study of this new treatment modality is warranted.

title: Perispinal @entity5 inhibition for discogenic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been shown to be an effective treatment modality for surface-oriented @entity0 of the skin, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and urogenital systems. The purpose of our study was to assess the safety and efficacy of PDT using @entity6 in the treatment of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity2 with naturally occurring @entity3 of the skin were entered into the study. PDT was @entity0 using an @entity5 -pumped dye laser 48 hours after the administration of the photosensitizer porfimer @entity4 ( @entity6 ). Following treatment, the @entity0 were evaluated for complete response rates and local control durations. RESULTS: Eight @entity0 were staged T1a, 9 staged T1b, and 14 staged T2b. Complete response rates as well as local control durations were significantly related to stage (p < 0.0001). Complete response was achieved in 100% of the T1a @entity0 and 53% of the T1b @entity0 ; the overall 1-year local control rate for all treated @entity0 was 62%. Clinical, hematological, and biochemical evidence of @entity1 was not seen in any cat following drug administration. CONCLUSION: PDT with the photosensitizer @entity6 was safe and effective in treating early stage @entity3 of the feline skin.

title: Photodynamic therapy for XXXX in @entity2 using @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is an @entity7 (CNS) characterized by @entity6 , @entity3 and axonal pathology. Myelin basic protein/proteolipid protein (MBP-PLP) fusion protein @entity11 is capable of inducing chronic @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in susceptible @entity4 strains mirroring diverse histopathological and immunological hallmarks of @entity2 . Lack of @entity0 tissue underscores the importance of animal models to study the pathology of @entity2 . METHODS: Twenty-two female C57BL/6 (B6) @entity4 were immunized with @entity11 and the clinical development of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) was observed. @entity10 -stained semi-thin and ultra-thin sections of the lumbar spinal cord were assessed at the peak of acute @entity8 , three months (chronic @entity8 ) and six months after onset of @entity8 (long-term @entity8 ). The extent of lesional area and @entity6 were analyzed in semi-thin sections on a light microscopic level. The magnitude of @entity3 and @entity5 were determined using electron microscopy. Emphasis was put on the ventrolateral tract (VLT) of the spinal cord. RESULTS: B6 @entity4 demonstrated increasing @entity3 and severe axonal pathology in the course of @entity11 -induced @entity8 . Additionally, mitochondrial swelling and a decrease in the nearest neighbor neurofilament distance (NNND) as early signs of @entity5 were evident with the onset of @entity8 . In semi-thin sections we observed the maximum of lesional area in the chronic state of @entity8 while @entity6 was found to a similar extent in acute and chronic @entity8 . In contrast to the well-established @entity9 ( @entity9 ) model, disease stages of @entity11 -induced @entity8 could not be distinguished by assessing the extent of parenchymal @entity1 or the grade of @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results complement our previous ultrastructural studies of B6 @entity8 models and suggest that B6 @entity4 immunized with different antigens constitute useful instruments to study the diverse histopathological aspects of @entity2 .

title: Time-Dependent @entity3 and Axonal Pathology in XXXX -Induced Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether monitoring sedation status using bispectral index (BIS) as an adjunct to clinical evaluation was associated with a reduction in the total amount of sedative drug used in a 12 h period. DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Tertiary care neurocritical care unit. @entity0 : Sixty-seven mechanically ventilated adult @entity0 receiving continuous intravenous sedation with @entity1 . INTERVENTIONS: Sedation monitoring using clinical assessment with the Ramsay scale (Ramsay-alone group) or clinical assessment plus BIS monitoring (BIS-augmentation group). Subjects were randomized to Ramsay-alone (n = 35), or BIS-augmentation (n = 32). Nurses adjusted the dose of @entity1 to a Ramsay of 4, or a Ramsay of 4 and BIS between 60 and 70. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: @entity0 in the BIS-augmentation group received significantly less @entity1 by volume (93.5 ml vs. 157.8 ml, respectively; P < .015), and had lower infusion rates (14.6 vs. 27.9 mcg/kg/min; P = .003). There is a lower risk of @entity1 infusion exceeding manufacturer's recommended dosing guides in the BIS-augmentation group versus the Ramsay-alone group (0 vs. 23%, P = .0052). The BIS-augmentation group woke up much quicker than those in the Ramsay-alone group (1.2 vs. 7.5 min; P < .0001). CONCLUSIONS: BIS-augmented sedation monitoring resulted in a marked reduction in the total dose of sedative used to achieve the same level of clinical sedation resulting in shortened time to wake up without any measurable adverse effects. Physiologic sedation assessment tools may provide a useful means of improving the care of sedated critically ill @entity0 .

title: A randomized evaluation of bispectral index-augmented sedation assessment in neurological XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of membrane potential and intracellular @entity3 kinetic changes in producing @entity2 during severe @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 were subjected to @entity4 ( @entity4 ) for 2 hours. The spinotrapezius muscle was prepared for microscopy and the responses of arterioles in the muscle to @entity6 (NE) were tested. The resting membrane potentials of isolated arterial strips were measured with a microelectrode. Membrane potential and intracellular @entity1 ([ @entity1 ]i) changes in isolated arteriolar smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were determined with fluorescent probes and a confocal microscopy. RESULTS: The arteriolar resting membrane potential was decreased from -36.7 +/- 6.3 mV in control to -29.2 +/- 5.3 mV concurrent with the increase of vasoreactivity to NE at 20 minutes after @entity4 . At 120 minutes post- @entity4 , the resting potential hyperpolarized to -51.9 +/- 9.1 mV, and NE stimulated [ @entity1 ]i increase was reduced to 50% of the control values during the appearance of arteriolar hyporeactivity, i.e. the NE threshold of the arteriolar response increased 15 fold 2 hours after the onset of @entity4 as compared with normal animals. The state of vasoreactivity was closely related to the resting potential of vascular smooth muscle in @entity4 , with a correlation coefficient of 0.96. Treatment with @entity7 , a selective blocker of @entity5 -sensitive K+ (KATP) channels, decreased the resting potential, increased NE-stimulated [ @entity1 ]i increase, and partially restored vasoreactivity in severe @entity4 . CONCLUSION: The results suggested that membrane hyperpolarization and the reduction of NE-stimulated [ @entity1 ]i increase in smooth muscle cells appeared to contribute to the @entity2 in @entity4 . The mechanism is likely to involve in KATP channels.

title: The role of membrane potential and XXXX kinetic changes in the pathogenesis of @entity2 during severe shock.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this observational cohort study was to specify the risk of the @entity3 antagonist (VKA) @entity6 during first trimester of pregnancy, in particular to estimate the risk of @entity1 and spontaneous fetal loss. Four hundred eight pregnancies with @entity6 exposure were compared to 1,642 pregnancies neither exposed to VKA nor to other major teratogens or fetotoxicants. There was no typical @entity2 @entity5 in our exposed cohort. However, the overall rate of major @entity1 was significantly increased (7.4   % vs 2.3   %; adjusted odds ratio [ORadj] 2.14; 95   % confidence interval [CI] 1.4-3.4). With early cessation until five completed gestational weeks the @entity1 risk was similar to the comparison cohort (2.4   % vs 2.3   %; ORadj 1.07; 95   % CI 0.2-3.6). With treatment duration exceeding seven gestational weeks the rate of major @entity1 increased up to five-fold (10.8   % vs 2.3   %; ORadj 5.18; 95   % CI 2.0-11.6). The overall risk of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was 38.0   % vs 17.5   % in the comparison cohort (adjusted hazard ratio (HRadj) 2.9; 95   % CI 2.2-3.9). The treatment duration had a significant effect on the hazard of @entity4 (HRadj 1.12; 95   % CI 1.01-1.25 per each additional exposure week). @entity6 and other VKA carry an embryotoxic risk. This risk seems to be time-dependent with a steep risk increase for @entity1 and also for fetal loss after week 5. If @entity0 permits, VKA therapy should be switched to safer alternatives such as heparins immediately after early recognition of pregnancy.

title: Pregnancy outcome of first trimester exposure to the @entity3 antagonist XXXX depends on duration of treatment.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To use porcine lung explants for reconstructing possible situations in which a vessel wall disruption might have occurred in a @entity0 suffering fatal hemoptysis after @entity2 with a hydrodynamic thrombectomy device. METHODS: A 76-year-old @entity0 with @entity4 underwent @entity2 using a 6-F AngioJet Xpeedior catheter according to manufacturer's instructions. While activating the device in the middle lobe artery (approximately 8 mm diameter), massive and ultimately fatal @entity3 occurred through the tracheal tube. Because no autopsy was authorized, an experimental study was designed to examine possible causes for the vessel disruption. Five fresh porcine @entity1 were examined inside a dedicated chest phantom. Access to the pulmonary vessels was provided through catheters inside the right and left ventricular outlets. A low-flow circulation was maintained with an external pump. The 6-F AngioJet thrombectomy device was activated at 42 sites inside vessels from 2 to 10 mm in diameter; in one lung, 8 activations were made after deliberately withdrawing the guidewire. RESULTS: Vessels >6 mm in diameter remained intact. Vessel wall disruption occurred in 4 of 7 vessels between 4 and 6 mm in diameter and in 13 of 14 segmental arteries <4 mm in diameter (regardless of whether or not a guidewire was used). The signs of vessel wall disruption included extravasation of contrast material, @entity5 , and laceration of distal airspaces with contrast inside the bronchus. CONCLUSIONS: The application of this system has to be considered potentially dangerous when activated inside vessels with diameters <6 mm. The use of this device appears to be safe only inside main branches of the lung vessels at this time. Additional experiments will be required to substantiate these initial results.

title: Suspected pulmonary artery disruption after XXXX using a hydrodynamic thrombectomy device: clinical case and experimental study on porcine lung explants.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We characterized an outbreak of acute @entity6 caused by @entity7 that occurred during the Autumn of 2005 in Malatya City, @entity2 . A total 9907 @entity0 between 0 to 91 years old (mean age: 25.05   19.67) were included in the epidemic. The @entity0    data were prospectively collected and statistically analyzed. Microbiologic analyses were performed to determine the etiologic agent. Rapid onset @entity3 (98.36%), abdominal cramps (69%), @entity1 (44.4%) and @entity4 (69.6%) were the most common symptoms observed in patients. Rotavirus antigen was detected in 52.7% of the studied @entity0 . RT-PCR analysis led to identification of @entity7 as the causative agent of this epidemic. Simultaneous measurements of the drinking water samples yielded very low @entity5 levels; as low as 0 to 0.05 mg/L. The outbreak investigation team indicated possible contamination of a large water depository from a water well, which supplies drinking water to two major districts of the city. Effective chlorination and blockage of the passage between the well and the water depository stopped the outbreak. This outbreak shows the high epidemic potency of rotavirus in large @entity0 populations, including all age groups, and underlines the importance of water safety in pipeline systems.

title: A waterborne outbreak of @entity3 due to XXXX in Malatya, @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early detection of recurrence improves the survival rate of @entity1 treated with breast conservation therapy (BCT). Therefore, ultrasonography (US) may be useful for metachronous @entity0 recurrence (MIBTR) obscured on mammography by dense breast tissue and distortion. PURPOSE: To evaluate clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of MIBTR retrospectively, and to assess the role of surveillance US additional to mammography for MIBTR detection. MATERIAL AND METHODS: During 2000 to 2012, 28 MIBTR were collected and reviewed among 2958 @entity1 treated for primary @entity0 with conservation surgery. The detection rates of imaging studies for identifying metachronous ipsilateral lesions were assessed and compared. MIBTR @entity2 staging was evaluated according to imaging modality for detection of MIBTR, palpability, and recent imaging surveillance. RESULTS: No significant difference was observed in the detection rate between mammography and US for overall MIBTR (84.2% vs. 85.7%; P   =   0.898) or non-palpable MIBTR (88.2% vs. 81.0%; P   =   0.566). US alone identified 33.3% of non-palpable MIBTRs (seven of 21). Among these cases, two had negative mammograms. All 14 MIBTRs with recent imaging surveillance were stage T2 or less, and all seven MIBTRs detected by US alone were in situ or T1; 33% of MIBTRs without recent imaging surveillance were T3 or T4. CONCLUSION: The overall MIBTR detection rate by US was not higher than the detection rate of mammography, although combined surveillance with US and mammography found MIBTRs slightly earlier than mammography alone.

title: Breast ultrasonography for detection of metachronous XXXX recurrence.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the effects on @entity0 discomfort of an intraabdominal passive gas drain left for four hours postoperatively following gynaecologic laparoscopic surgery. DESIGN: A prospective randomised double-blinded placebo controlled trial. SETTING: University tertiary hospital and private hospital. POPULATION OR SAMPLE: Eighty @entity0 having a laparoscopic gynaecological procedure for benign disease. METHODS: A drain was placed via the umbilical port at the conclusion of the surgical procedure and was removed four hours postoperatively. The researcher, assessor and @entity0 were all blinded as to the patency or occlusion of the drain. @entity0 were asked to complete questionnaires at regular intervals up to five days postoperatively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Visual analogue scale (VAS) to assess @entity1 , shoulder and @entity3 , @entity2 , bloating and energy prior to surgery and at intervals up to five days postoperatively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No complications were attributed to the presence and withdrawal of the drain tube. Shoulder @entity1 following operative or diagnostic laparoscopy was significantly reduced for 12, 24, 48 and 72 hours by the presence of a patent passive gas drain for the first four hours postoperatively. The drains were easy to use and had no associated morbidity We recommend that in the absence of the need for an active drain, all @entity0 undergoing laparoscopy should have a gas drain inserted for a period of four hours after the completion of the procedure.

title: A prospective randomised double-blind placebo controlled trial to assess whether gas drains reduce shoulder XXXX following gynaecological laparoscopy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of @entity6 for electrical @entity2 during sleep (ESES) in @entity0 . METHOD: The clinical and EEG data of 82 @entity4 @entity0 with ESES, which included @entity4 with centro temporal spikes (BECT) variants, @entity4 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) , @entity7 ( @entity7 ) collected from department of pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital were analyzed from July 2007 to September 2012. During ESES period, all @entity0 received @entity6 treatment for three courses, which included @entity6 intravenous infusion for three days, followed by oral @entity3 for four days every time. After three courses, @entity3 [1-2 mg/(kg * d)] were taken by all @entity0 for 6 months. The ESES phenomenon and @entity5 were observed before and after treatment. The efficacy of corticosteroid on ESES suppression, @entity5 control of three @entity4 were analyzed. RESULT: Thirty-nine cases were male and 43 cases were female. The @entity4 syndromes included 49 @entity0 diagnosed as @entity4 with centrotemporal spike (BECT) variants, 27 @entity0 diagnosed as @entity4 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and 6 @entity0 diagnosed as @entity7 . Age of onset ranged from 1 year and 4 months to 11 years. The age of ESES newly monitored was from 2 years to 10 years and 8 months. The total effective rate of corticosteroid was 83% (68/82) for ESES, BECT variants was 82% (40/49), @entity1 was 81% (22/27), @entity7 was 100% (6/6). There was no statistically significant difference in effective rates between the front two (     = 0.09, P > 0.05). The @entity5 were improved in the first month after @entity6 treatment in 3 @entity4 syndromes. The recurrence rate of BECT variants was 47% (23/49) , @entity1 was 59% (16/27) , @entity7 was 50% (3/6) after 1 year follow up. There was no association between disease parameters, including age at @entity5 onset, duration of ESES and the treatment effect of ESES examined by Kruskal-Wallis method (     = 3.585, 0.932, P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity6 was effective for improving ESES and @entity5 in 3 @entity4 syndromes combined with ESES. There was no significant correlation between age at @entity5 onset, duration of ESES and treatment effect of ESES.

title: [Efficacy of @entity6 therapy for electrical XXXX during sleep in @entity0 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Individuals with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) present with alterations or limitations of spinal mobility. The identification of simple clinical methods for evaluating functional movement of the spine is necessary to allow quantification of the degree of @entity3 and permit monitoring of @entity0 improvement with rehabilitation. This study evaluated movement of the spine in 20 @entity0 with chronic nonspecific @entity4 compared with 19 @entity2 -free @entity0 using a novel measurement device that permits the dynamic assessment of spinal movement in a rapid and subject-specific manner. METHODS: Two flexible sensor strips were fixed paravertebrally to the spine with each sensor strip measuring angles in 12 predetermined, adjacent, 25-mm-long segments. Maximum range of motion (ROM) and average angular velocity (AAV) of lumbar and pelvic movement were measured within identical angular and temporal frames during the descending and ascending phase of active lumbar flexion, extension, rotation, and @entity5 following a standard choreography. @entity0 with @entity4 completed a number of questionnaires including the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, @entity2 Catastrophizing Scale, and Spielberger State-Trait @entity1 Inventory. RESULTS: Across all movements, the individuals with @entity4 displayed 10% to 15% less ROM (P<0.05) and 15% to 30% less AAV (P<0.05) at both the pelvis and lumbar regions compared with controls. ROM as well as AAV, in most cases, were negatively correlated (R=-0.49 to -0.75) with the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, @entity2 Catastrophizing Scale, and Spielberger State-Trait @entity1 Inventory in the @entity4 group (all P<0.05) especially during the initial descending phase of movement. DISCUSSION: This study provide support for the utility of this device for quantifying @entity3 in individuals with fairly low levels of @entity4 and general functional limitations. The results show that velocity measurements rather than ROM show the greatest differences in individuals with @entity4 compared with asymptomatic @entity0 . @entity3 was correlated to the individuals with @entity4 's degree of @entity1 , fear, and catastrophizing.

title: Measurement of Lumbar Spine Functional Movement in Low Back XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Coxsackievirus is the most prevalent virus associated with the pathogenesis of @entity5 and its sequela dilated @entity2 . We have previously shown that coxsackievirus infection facilitates the ubiquitin/proteasome processing of the cell-cycle protein @entity4 and the @entity0 suppressor @entity3 , which raises the possibility that the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway may be used by virus to promote viral replication. In this study, we examined the interplay between coxsackievirus replication and the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway in @entity1 cardiomyocytes. We found that treatment of cells with the proteasome inhibitors @entity6 or @entity7 significantly decreased virus titers in the supernatant and prevented virus-induced cell death. We further examined the effects of proteasome inhibitor on different stages of coxsackievirus life-cycle. We showed that inhibition of the ubiquitin/proteasome pathway did not affect virus entry and had no influence on viral protease proteolytic activities. However, viral RNA transcription and protein translation were markedly reduced after addition of proteasome inhibitors. We further demonstrate that ubiquitin/proteasome pathway-mediated viral replication does not appear to be related to changes in proteasome activities. Taken together, our data suggest that proteasome inhibitor reduces coxsackievirus replication through inhibition of viral RNA transcription and protein synthesis. Thus, proteasome inhibition may represent a novel therapeutic approach against @entity5 .

title: Proteasome inhibition reduces coxsackievirus B3 replication in XXXX cardiomyocytes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine current practice patterns in the management of @entity2 .S. ophthalmologists and differences in the management and opinions between @entity1 and non- @entity1 . METHODS: A questionnaire was distributed to randomly selected ophthalmologists in July 2011 using an online survey system. It inquired about the number of @entity0 with @entity4 seen monthly, frequency of Gram staining and culturing @entity4 , maintenance of diagnostic supplies, opinions on when culturing is necessary for @entity4 , treatment preferences for different severities of @entity4 , and opinions regarding relative efficacy of fourth-generation fluoroquinolones and fortified broad-spectrum antibiotics. RESULTS: One thousand seven hundred one surveys were distributed, and 486 (28.6%) surveys were returned. A minority of @entity4 was Gram stained (23.7%  34.1%, mean  SD) or cultured (35.1%  38.0%), but @entity1 were more likely to perform both. The most popular antibiotic for the treatment of less severe @entity3 was moxifloxacin (55.4%), and the most popular treatment of more severe @entity3 was fortified broad-spectrum antibiotics (62.7%). Cornea specialists were significantly more likely than non- @entity1 to prescribe fortified antibiotics for more severe @entity4 (78.1% vs. 53.7%, P<0.0001). A greater number of @entity1 stated that fourth-generation fluoroquinolones were less effective than fortified antibiotics for the treatment of more severe @entity4 (79.6% of @entity1 vs. 60.9% of non- @entity1 , P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Cornea specialists and non- @entity1 manage @entity2 , with @entity1 more likely to perform diagnostic testing and prescribe fortified broad-spectrum antibiotics for severe @entity2 . Additional prospective studies demonstrating visual outcomes after differential treatment of @entity2 are needed.

title: Community practice patterns for XXXX and treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess intratumor molecular heterogeneity in @entity4 ( @entity3 ) and to investigate if intratumor molecular heterogeneity is associated with cell proliferation or apoptotic indexes. STUDY DESIGN: Nine @entity1 -fixed paraffin-embedded samples of @entity3 of salivary glands were included in the study. Cell proliferation was estimated by using Ki-67 immunohistochemistry, and apoptotic index was achieved by combining terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase @entity2 nick end-labeling with morphology. A minimum of two different @entity0 areas of each sample was microdissected, and DNA was extracted. DNA extracted from the @entity0 capsule was used as normal matched control. Different @entity0 areas were at least 4  mm from one another and comprised @entity0 cell-rich areas. Loss of heterozygosity was assessed by a panel of six polymorphic microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3 (D3 S1029), 9 (D9 S162 and D9 S157), 11 (D11 S1369), and 17 (P53 and AFM238 WF2). RESULTS: Six of nine samples showed intratumor heterogeneity on the basis of the loss of heterozygosity findings. Intratumor molecular heterogeneity did not show association with cell proliferation or apoptotic indexes (P  >  .05). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings point to the existence of intratumor molecular heterogeneity in salivary gland @entity3 . This is an advance in the efforts to clarify @entity3 molecular pathogenesis, showing that this characteristic is not exclusive to malignant solid @entity0 .

title: Intratumor molecular heterogeneity in XXXX of the salivary glands.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twelve @entity3 of the bones of the feet from 11 @entity0 in the Scottish Bone Tumor Registry were reviewed. One @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity5 ) developed 2 @entity3 . The mean age of @entity0 was 52.3 years (range, 17 to 83 years). @entity0 were predominantly affected. Four @entity1 affected the tarsal bones; the rest involved the short tubular bones. The usual clinical presentation was a @entity2 , progressively enlarging swelling. Radiologically, most showed some bone expansion, cortical destruction with indistinct margins, and soft-tissue extension. Histologically, the majority were middle-grade @entity1 . Treatment included curettage or local excision for 4 @entity1 and amputation or ray resection for 8 @entity1 . Follow-up varied from 6 months to 18 years (average, 5.8 years). Local recurrence after surgery was seen in 3 @entity0 . All 3 died because of metastases to the lungs or brain.

title: XXXX of the bones of the feet.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the accuracy of combined magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and three-dimensional (3D) proton MR spectroscopic imaging in @entity2 to a sextant of the gland in @entity0 receiving hormone deprivation therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Combined MR imaging/3D MR spectroscopic imaging examinations were performed in 16 hormone-treated @entity0 and 48 nontreated matched control @entity0 before radical prostatectomy and step-section histopathologic analysis. At MR imaging, @entity1 presence within the peripheral zone was assessed on a per sextant basis by two readers. @entity6 MR spectroscopic imaging, @entity1 was identified by using ( @entity5 plus @entity3 )-to- @entity4 ratios at cutoff values of 2 and 3 SDs above mean normal peripheral zone values. Data were compared by using receiver operating characteristic analysis. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the ability of combined MR imaging/3D MR spectroscopic imaging to @entity2 in treated versus control @entity0 . For MR imaging alone, the sensitivity and specificity were 91% and 48% (reader 1) and 75% and 60% (reader 2) in treated @entity0 versus 79% and 60% (reader 1) and 84% and 43% (reader 2) in control @entity0 . For 3D MR spectroscopic imaging alone (>3 SDs cutoff), higher specificity (treated, 80%; controls, 73%) but lower sensitivity (treated, 56%; controls, 53%) was attained. In treated @entity0 , high sensitivity or specificity (up to 92%) was achieved when either or both modalities indicated @entity1 . CONCLUSION: When performed within 4 months after initiating hormone deprivation therapy, combined MR imaging/3D MR spectroscopic imaging had the same accuracy in @entity2 as in nontreated @entity0 .

title: XXXX : effect of hormone deprivation therapy measured by using combined three-dimensional 1H MR spectroscopy and MR imaging: clinicopathologic case-controlled study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The coupling between arterial elastance (E(A); net afterload) and left ventricular elastance (E(LV); pump performance), known as E(A)/E(LV), is a key determinant of cardiovascular performance and shifts during exercise due to a greater increase in E(LV) versus E(A). This normal exercise-induced reduction in E(A)/E(LV) decreases with advancing age. We hypothesized that @entity2 ( @entity3 ) can acutely ameliorate the age-associated deficits in E(A)/E(LV). At rest and during graded exercise to exhaustion, E(A) was characterized as end-systolic pressure/ @entity0 volume and E(LV) as end-systolic pressure/end-systolic volume. Resting E(A)/E(LV) did not differ between old (70    8 yr, n = 15) and young (30    5 yr, n = 17) subjects because of a tandem increase in E(A) and E(LV) in older subjects. During peak exercise, a blunted increase in E(LV) in old (7.8    3.1 mmHg/ml) versus young (11.4    6.5 mmHg/ml) subjects blunted the normal exercise-induced decline in E(A)/E(LV) in old (0.25    0.11) versus young (0.16    0.05) subjects. @entity3 administration to older subjects lowered resting E(A)/E(LV) by 31% via a reduction in E(A) (10%) and an increase in E(LV) (47%) and lowered peak exercise E(A)/E(LV) (36%) via an increase in E(LV) (68%) without a change in E(A). Importantly, @entity3 attenuated the age-associated deficits in E(A)/E(LV) and E(LV) during exercise, and at peak exercise E(A)/E(LV) in older subjects on drug administration did not differ from young subjects without drug administration. In conclusion, some age-associated deficiencies in E(A)/E(LV), E(A), and E(LV), in older subjects can be acutely abolished by @entity3 infusion. This is relevant to common conditions in older subjects associated with a significant impairment of exercise performance such as frailty or @entity1 with preserved ejection fraction.

title: Abnormalities in arterial-ventricular coupling in older healthy persons are attenuated by XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the modification effect of sex in the association between lifestyles and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). DESIGN: Population-based case-control study. Trained interviewers collected information using a standard structured questionnaire. Associations were estimated using unconditional logistic regression. The effect modification by sex was evaluated in the regression models, testing interaction terms between lifestyles and sex. SETTING: Porto, Portugal. SUBJECTS: Portuguese Caucasian adults, aged > or =18 years. Cases were @entity0 consecutively admitted with an incident @entity2 during 1999-2003 (n 918) and controls were a representative sample of non-institutionalized inhabitants of Porto with no evidence of previous clinical or silent @entity3 (n 2316). RESULTS: Cigarette smoking was positively associated with @entity2 in both @entity0 and @entity0 (smokers >15 cigarettes/d v. never smokers: OR = 9.11, 95% CI 4.83, 17.20 for @entity0 ; OR = 3.92, 95% CI 2.75, 5.58 for @entity0 ; interaction term P value = 0.001). A significant protective effect of moderate @entity1 intake on @entity2 occurrence was found in @entity0 (0.1-15.0 g/d v. non-drinkers: OR = 0.48, 95% CI 0.31, 0.74), but not in @entity0 . Fruit and vegetable intake, vitamin and mineral supplement use and leisure-time physical activity practice were found to decrease @entity2 risk, with similar effects between sexes. CONCLUSIONS: A strong positive association between smoking and @entity2 was found in @entity0 . Also, a protective effect of moderate @entity1 intake was only found among females. Fruit and vegetable intake, vitamin and mineral supplement use and leisure-time physical activity practice were found to decrease @entity2 risk in both sexes.

title: Gender heterogeneity in the association between lifestyles and non-fatal XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is a disease entity in which @entity0 have (1) elevated eosinophils on esophageal biopsy and (2) symptoms of @entity1 . The symptoms do not improve on aggressive acid blockade but do improve on elimination diet or corticosteroid treatment, which tentatively links @entity5 to this disorder. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify potential food antigens in @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity4 were identified by biopsy. Potential food antigens were identified prospectively by skin prick testing and patch testing, which were performed through use of standard methods. @entity2 , demographics, and potential @entity5 were identified. Repeat esophageal biopsies were reviewed when possible. RESULTS: A total of 26 @entity0 (22 male, 4 female) with a biopsied-confirmed diagnosis of @entity4 underwent both skin prick testing and patch testing to identify potential causative foods. Milk and egg were the most common positive foods with skin prick testing. @entity3 was the most common positive food with patch testing. The @entity0 were advised to avoid positive foods as identified by skin prick testing and patch testing. In all, 18 @entity0 had resolution of their symptoms, 6 @entity0 had partial improvement, and 2 were lost to follow-up. Overall, after intervention, esophageal eosinophil counts improved from 55.8 to 8.4 eosinophils per high-power field. The foods most commonly identified by @entity0 as causing symptoms were milk and egg. CONCLUSION: The combination of skin prick testing and patch testing can identify potential causative foods that might contribute to the pathogenesis of @entity4 .

title: The use of skin prick tests and patch tests to identify causative foods in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The National Institutes of Health @entity1 Scale (NIHSS) was not intended to be used to determine the @entity1 's vascular distribution. The aim of this study was to develop, assess the reliability, and validate a computer algorithm based on the NIHSS for this purpose. METHODS: Two cohorts of @entity0 with @entity2 having similar distributions of Oxfordshire localizations (total anterior, partial anterior, lacunar, and posterior circulation) based on neuroimaging were identified. The first cohort (n   =   40) was used to develop a computer algorithm for vascular localization using a modified version of the NIHSS (NIHSS-Localization [NIHSS-Loc]) that included the laterality of selected deficits; the second (n   =   20) was used to assess the reliability of algorithm-based localizations compared to those of 2 vascular neurologists. The validity of the algorithm-based localizations was assessed in comparison to neuroimaging. Agreement was assessed using the unweighted kappa (k) statistic. RESULTS: Agreement between the 2 raters using the standard NIHSS was slight to moderate (k   =   .36, 95% confidence interval [CI] .10-.61). Inter-rater agreement significantly improved to the substantial to almost perfect range using the NIHSS-Loc (k   =   .88, 95% CI .73-1.00). Agreement was perfect when the 2 raters entered the data into the NIHSS-Loc computer algorithm (k   =   1.00, 95% CI 1.00-1.00). Agreement between the algorithm localization and neuroimaging results was fair to moderate (k   =   .59, 95% CI .35-.84) and not significantly different from the localizations of either rater using the NIHSS-Loc. CONCLUSION: A computerized, modified version of the standard NIHSS can be used to reliably and validly assign the vascular distribution of an acute @entity2 .

title: Development and Assessment of a Computer Algorithm for @entity1 Vascular Localization Using Components of the National Institutes of Health XXXX Scale.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The demonstration of local complement protein synthesis leads to speculation as to the biological significance of this phenomenon. A narrative review is provided to illuminate several queries. It is difficult to establish a causal role for the locally produced complement because participation of systemic complement cannot be excluded. It is also difficult to discern whether local complement synthesis is a beneficial response to an inflammatory event or whether it promotes @entity3 . Finally, it remains to be seen if the roles of local and systemic complement differ in these respects. Extrahepatic expression of complement components of the activation pathways may provide a rapid response to microbial invasion. Once produced and activated, these proteins evoke a phlogistic response composed of cells and soluble mediators of @entity0 . Many cells, not only synthesize complement proteins, but can also be stimulated via their complement receptors. This positive feedback may enhance local immune defense, especially in organs isolated from plasma components. In addition, local environmental factors in different organs may differentially regulate complement synthesis. These factors may include pro-inflammatory molecules and non-immune effectors, such as tissue @entity1 /reoxygenation and drugs. Local @entity2 due to inhibition of activity of a complement regulatory component was shown to cause disease and restoration of the capacity to regulate the complement pathway restored health. Extrahepatic complement synthesis may also modulate local cellular responses, as to decrease detrimental damage of the inflammatory reaction. The demonstration that complement proteins play a significant role in the clearance of apoptotic cells suggests that local synthesis and activation of complement may contribute not only to @entity3 but also to tissue repair.

title: Extrahepatic synthesis of complement proteins in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), increased afterload induces changes in left ventricular (LV) geometry to preserve a normal ejection fraction (EF). Nevertheless, @entity1 may occur in spite of a normal EF. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) analysis can detect subtle contractile dysfunction at a pre-clinical stage. The aim of our study was to assess LV function deteriorations with @entity5 analysis and the association with geometric changes in @entity0 with @entity2 and normal EF. METHODS: Forty four @entity0 with moderate to severe @entity2 and 40 controls were enrolled. All @entity0 underwent echocardiography, including two-dimensional strain imaging. The relative wall thickness and LV muscle mass measurements were performed with magnetic resonance imaging and @entity0 were subdivided into four groups: Group 1 with normal LV, Group 2 with concentric remodeling, Group 3 with @entity3 , and Group 4 with @entity3 . RESULTS: The total group of @entity0 with @entity2 showed a @entity5 of -15.3    3.6% while the control group reached -18.9    3.2% (p < 0.001). @entity5 was lower in the @entity3 Groups 3 and 4 compared to Groups 1 and 2 (12.9    3.4% vs 17.2    2.5%, p < 0.05, respectively). Splitting the @entity0 into Groups 1 to 4, the @entity5 was -17.2    2.4%, -17.2    2.7%, -12.4    3.8% and -13.1    3.3, respectively (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: In subjects with @entity2 , lower @entity5 is related to @entity4 , but not to the presence of concentric remodeling. Assessment of @entity5 can identify subtle contractile dysfunction independent of a preserved EF, and might be useful in identifying @entity0 at high risk for the transition from compensatory to pathological remodeling. (Cardiol J 2011; 18, 2: 151-156).

title: XXXX to left ventricular geometry in @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In this study, we aimed to address the prevalence of @entity2 , its associated factors, and the effect of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) on this subgroup of @entity0 in a large @entity3 (axSpA) cohort. METHODS: The study included 681 @entity0 [ @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and nonradiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA)]. The Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) and the Bath @entity3 Activity Index question 1 (BASDAI Q1) indices were used for @entity2 assessment. Severe @entity2 was defined as an FSS >=  4 or a BASDAI Q1 >=  5. Disease activity, function, and quality of life (QoL) measures were recorded. @entity0 who had been treated with @entity1 were identified, and baseline and followup data were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the cohort, 67.3% had severe @entity2 , and the prevalence was similar between @entity3 (67.2%) and nr-axSpA (68.2%). Severely @entity2 @entity0 tended to have higher disease activity scores, increased acute-phase proteins, and decreased QoL measures. @entity1 therapy was associated with improvement in disease activity, and although this treatment led to significantly decreased @entity2 scores, this reduction was not optimal in the majority of @entity0 with 80% continuing to have severe @entity2 according to their posttreatment scores. Health Assessment Questionnaire, mean scores of BASDAI Q5 and Q6, and BASDAI enthesitis were independent predictors of @entity2 severity. CONCLUSION: Fatigue is a common symptom in axSpA, and the burden of @entity2 among @entity0 with nr-axSpA is similar to that seen in @entity3 . While biologics are effective in improving disease activity, their effect on @entity2 is more limited. In axSpA, @entity2 remains unresponsive to @entity1 in nearly 80% of @entity0 .

title: Fatigue in @entity3 and Nonradiographic XXXX : Analysis from a Longitudinal Observation Cohort.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 189 Background: @entity1 treatment negatively affects @entity3 control and puts @entity0 at risk for hospital admissions. A one year medical record review at Lehigh Valley Hospital revealed that 75.4% of @entity2 @entity0 receiving treatment in the @entity1 center had at least one emergency department (ED) and/or inpatient (IP) admission-13.2% had a @entity2 code present among the top 3 discharge diagnoses. We implemented a program in which a certified @entity2 educator (CDE) and nurse practitioner worked with oncologists and primary care providers (PCP) to coordinate care for these @entity0 . METHODS: @entity1 @entity0 with @entity2 or treatment related @entity4 were referred to the @entity2 Oncology Program for care management (CM). CM included @entity0 assessment, education, care plan development, collaboration with PCP, and follow-up during treatment. A clinical practice guideline was developed for infusion nurses to treat @entity4 . @entity2 medications were modified during @entity1 treatment in collaboration with the PCP. CM ended at the conclusion of the course of treatment or with end of life care. Program evaluation consisted of @entity0 and provider surveys, and analysis of ED/IP admissions. RESULTS: In a preliminary analysis of 98 @entity0 that received CM, 74 ED/IP admissions occurred between the first appointment with the CDE and the end of CM; 11 admissions (14.8%) were for @entity2 or @entity4 related diagnosis. At baseline, @entity0 mean FACT-G scores were slightly lower than published normative data for @entity1 @entity0 . Significant improvements from baseline to 2 months post program enrollment were found among @entity0 in @entity2 empowerment and satisfaction with @entity2 treatment scores. Provider survey responses at baseline found that PCPs are more satisfied with oncologist communication than oncologists are with PCP communication. Final results of the @entity0 and provider surveys and program impact on ED/IP admissions will be presented. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 empowerment and satisfaction with treatment may be improved by focused @entity2 care management. Final data analyses will indicate if this improvement is achieved along with reductions in ED/IP admissions for @entity2 related diagnoses among @entity1 @entity0 .

title: XXXX care management during @entity1 treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We report a rare case of @entity1 caused by compression of the upper cervical cord by the bilateral anomalous vertebral arteries. A 49-year-old @entity0 had dragged his right foot for 4 years. He also complained of a tingling sensation in his right arm and occipitalgia. Neurological examination disclosed @entity2 , hypalgesia in the right half of the body and @entity5 of the lower extremities. MRIs showed a flow void area which compressed and distorted the spinal cord bilaterally at the level of the atlas. A vertebral angiogram showed that the bilateral vertebral arteries had pierced the dura matter under the posterior arch of the atlas, turned upward and laterally in the vertebral canal, making vascular loops at the level of the atlas. 3D CT angiography showed the loops convex medially in the anterior part of the vertebral canal. With these findings, we diagnosed the @entity0 as suffering compression of the cervical cord by the bilateral anomalous vertebral arteries. Suboccipital craniectomy and C1 laminectomy were performed. When the dura mater was opened, the dorsolateral aspect of the spinal cord was found to be compressed and indented markedly by the vertebral arteries. To decompress the spinal cord, the vertebral arteries were retracted dorsolaterally by means of Gore-tex tape and anchored to the spinous process of the @entity3 . Postoperatively, his neurological symptoms improved. Postoperative MRIs showed that the spinal cord was decompressed and had recovered its contour. A review of the literature revealed that only 3 such cases as this one have been reported. The clinical features of these rare cases are nonspecific @entity1 and concomitant occipitalgia or @entity4 . The main cause of this rare entity seemed to be the compression of the vertebral artery through its course when it enters the vertebral canal between the atlas and the @entity3 .

title: [Cervical XXXX caused by bilateral vertebral artery compression].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The effects of @entity7 on plasma @entity4 levels are a subject of controversy. We determined the individual and combined effects of @entity5 quality (the glycemic index) and quantity (the proportion of total daily energy [percentage of @entity7 ]) on @entity4 levels. METHODS: We conducted a randomized, crossover trial of 4 different diets in overweight or @entity2 adults without @entity3 (n   =   163). @entity0 consumed each of 4 diets over a 5-week period, each of which was separated by a 2-week washout period. Body weight was kept constant. The 4 diets were high glycemic index (>= 65) with high percentage of @entity7 (58% kcal), low glycemic index ( <=45) with low percentage of @entity7 (40% kcal), low glycemic index with high percentage of @entity7 , and high glycemic index with low percentage of @entity7 . Plasma @entity4 levels were measured at baseline and after completion of each 5-week period for comparison between the 4 diets. RESULTS: Of the 163 study @entity0 , 52% were @entity0 and 50% were non-Hispanic African American subjects; their mean age was 52.6 years, and their mean        SD @entity4 level was 4.7        1.2 mg/dl. Reducing the glycemic index lowered @entity4 levels when the percentage of @entity7 was low (-0.24 mg/dl; P < 0.001) or high (-0.17 mg/dl; P < 0.001). Reducing the percentage of @entity7 marginally increased the @entity4 level only when the glycemic index was high (P   =   0.05). The combined effect of lowering the glycemic index and increasing the percentage of @entity7 was -0.27 mg/dl (P < 0.001). This effect was observed even after adjustment for concurrent @entity1 , @entity6 sensitivity, and products of glycolysis. CONCLUSION: Reducing the glycemic index lowers @entity4 levels. Future studies should examine whether reducing the glycemic index can prevent gout onset or flares.

title: Effects of Lowering Glycemic Index of Dietary @entity5 on Plasma XXXX Levels: The OmniCarb Randomized Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The stromal-epithelial-cell interactions that are responsible for directing normal breast-tissue development and maintenance play a central role in the progression of @entity0 . In the present study, we continued our development of three-dimensional (3-D) cell co-cultures used to study cancerous mammary cell responses to fractionated radiotherapy. In particular, we focused on the role of the reactive stroma in determining the therapeutic ratio for post-surgical treatment. METHODS: Cancerous @entity1 mammary epithelial cells (MRC-7) were cultured in a 3-D collagen matrix with @entity1 fibroblasts (MRC-5) stimulated by various concentrations of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). These culture samples were designed to model the post-lumpectomy mammary stroma in the presence of @entity2 cells. We tracked over time the changes in medium stiffness, fibroblast-cell activation (MRC-5 converted to @entity2 activated fibroblasts (CAFs)), and proliferation of both cell types under a variety of fractionated radiotherapy protocols. Samples were exposed to 6 MV X-rays from a linear accelerator in daily fraction sizes of 90, 180 and 360  cGy over five days in a manner consistent with irradiation exposure during radiotherapy. RESULTS: We found in fractionation studies with MRC-5 fibroblasts and CAFs that higher doses per fraction may be more effective early on in deactivating @entity2 -harboring cellular environments. Higher-dose fraction schemes inhibit contractility in CAFs and prevent differentiation of fibroblasts, thereby metabolically uncoupling @entity2 cells from their surrounding stroma. However, higher dose fraction appears to increase ECM stiffening. CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that dose escalation to the region with residual disease can deactivate the reactive stroma, thus minimizing the @entity2 promoting features of the cellular environment. Large-fraction irradiation may be used to sterilize @entity3 cells and inhibit activation of intracellular transduction pathways that are promoted during the post-surgical wound-healing period. The higher dose fractions may slow wound healing and increase ECM stiffening that could stimulate proliferation of surviving @entity2 cells.

title: Stromal-epithelial responses to fractionated radiotherapy in a XXXX microenvironment.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Colony-stimulating factors (CSF) have been widely used to prevent @entity3 associated with chemotherapy. Due to the high intensity of chemotherapy in @entity2 ( @entity2 ), CSF as a crucial component of supportive care has played a significant role in the therapy. However, the effectiveness of CSF in treatment has not been identified by large clinical trials until now. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of CSF on the long-term outcome of @entity2 @entity0 . A comprehensive search strategy has been conducted, which covered the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, PubMed and Web of Science. The result includes seven randomized controlled trials containing a total of 753 @entity0 . The administration of CSF significantly reduced the mortality at the end of the follow-up (RR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.75-0.95), the mortality at day 30 (RR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.23-0.74) and the number of @entity0 with @entity1 or severe @entity1 (RR, 0.8; 95% CI, 0.7-0.9 and RR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.3-0.75). The addition of CSF also marginally increased the number of @entity0 achieving CR (RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 1.05-1.23). The use of CSF also shortened the duration of @entity3 (median days, 8-17 to 12.5-24). In conclusion, CSFs can be administered to @entity2 @entity0 during myelosuppressive chemotherapy, particularly in the induction phase.

title: Colony-stimulating factors for chemotherapy-related XXXX are associated with improved prognosis in adult @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: While amyloid infiltration of articular structures is rare, the 'shoulder-pad' sign resulting from periarticular soft tissue amyloid deposition is essentially pathognomonic for immunogloblin (Ig) ( @entity3 ) @entity5 . We report the characterization of an amyloid protein (GRA) which produced @entity1 and the shoulder-pad sign. Amyloid fibrils were isolated from soft tissue shoulder mass of a @entity0 with @entity3 . The fibrils were solubilized in @entity4 HCl and proteins separated by Sepharose chromatography. @entity2 sequence of fractionated protein was determined after tryptic digestion. Sequence analysis of the major amyloid protein yielded a kappa III Ig light chain structure. The entire variable region (VL) plus the constant region (CL) to residue 207 was identified; but lesser amounts of CL than VL were present. A number of @entity2 residues previously not observed in kappa III VL proteins, plus a two @entity2 insert (95A, 95B), were identified. Kappa III VL amyloid proteins are rare and may show an increased predilection for soft tissue deposition. While several unique @entity2 residues that were identified in protein GRA may contribute to soft tissue amyloid deposition, no definite pattern is obvious from comparison with other reported kappa III amyloid proteins.

title: Shoulder-pad sign of XXXX : structure of an Ig kappa III protein.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Lung transplantation (LTx) is a therapeutic option for @entity0 with life-threatening @entity4 ( @entity4 ) that is refractory to conventional therapies. The survival benefit of LTx for @entity4 is difficult to assess. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Swedish series of LTx performed to treat @entity4 and to identify differences in outcome between @entity4 related to severe @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity4 with normal alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) levels. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the data of 342 @entity0 (128 @entity6 and 214 non- @entity6 ) receiving lung transplants for end stage @entity4 from 1990 through  2012. RESULTS: The majority (71%) of @entity0 received a single lung transplant. The median survival time after LTx for all @entity4 @entity0 was 9 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8 to 10). Non- @entity6 recipients had a shorter survival time than @entity6 recipients, 6 years (95% CI: 5.0 to 8.8) versus 12 years (95% CI: 9.6 to 13.5, p  = 0.000). Mortality was higher among non- @entity6 recipients after adjusting for age, pack-years of smoking, body mass index, @entity1 therapy use, exercise capacity, donor age, cytomegalovirus mismatch, and transplant type (hazard ratio 1.70, 95% CI: 1.02 to 2.82). The 5-year and 10-year survival rates for the @entity6 recipients were 75% and 59%, respectively, compared with 60% and 31% for the non- @entity6 recipients. Early deaths were mainly due to cardio/cerebrovascular accidents and @entity2 , and late deaths to @entity5 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Survival after LTx is significantly better for @entity0 with severe @entity6 and end stage @entity4 than for the @entity0 with @entity4 related to cigarette smoking.

title: Survival benefit of lung transplantation for XXXX in sweden.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Aberrant Notch activation confers a proliferative advantage to many @entity0 @entity1 , including @entity3 . This phase 2 trial assessed the antitumor activity of @entity6 , a gamma-secretase inhibitor of Notch signaling, with respect to the progression-free and overall survival of @entity0 with advanced @entity3 . METHODS: Chemotherapy-naive @entity0 with @entity3 of cutaneous or unknown origin were treated orally with @entity6 at a dose of 20 mg daily 3 consecutive days per week. A 2-step accrual design was used with an interim analysis of the first 32 @entity0 and with continuation of enrollment if 4 or more of the 32 @entity0 responded. RESULTS: Thirty-six @entity0 from 23 institutions were enrolled; 32 @entity0 were evaluable. @entity6 was well tolerated, and most @entity2 were grade 1 or 2. The most common @entity2 were @entity4 (53%), @entity8 (41%), and @entity5 (22%). There was 1 confirmed partial response lasting 7 months, and there were 8 @entity0 with stable disease lasting at least through week 12, with 1 of these continuing for 31 months. The 6-month progression-free survival rate was 9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2%-22%), and the 1-year overall survival rate was 50% (95% CI, 32%-66%). Peripheral blood T-cell assays showed no significant inhibition of the production of @entity7 , a surrogate pharmacodynamic marker of Notch inhibition, and this suggested that the drug levels were insufficient to achieve Notch target inhibition. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 showed minimal clinical activity against @entity3 in this phase 2 trial, possibly because of inadequate exposure to therapeutic drug levels. Although Notch inhibition remains a compelling target in @entity3 , the results do not support further investigation of @entity6 with this dose and schedule. @entity1 2014.    2014 American @entity1 Society.

title: Phase 2 study of XXXX , a gamma-secretase inhibitor, in @entity3 : SWOG 0933.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Remote @entity1 perconditioning (RIPerC) and remote @entity1 postconditioning (RIPostC) have been previously demonstrated to protect the myocardium against @entity1 /reperfusion (IR) injury. However, their combined effects remain to be fully elucidated. In order to investigate this, the present study used an in  vivo @entity0 model to assess whether synergistic effects are produced when RIPerC is combined with RIPostC. The @entity0 were randomly assigned to the following groups: Sham, IR, RIPerC, RIPostC and RIPerC  +  RIPostC groups. The IR model was established by performing 40  min of @entity4 , followed by 2  h of reperfusion. RIPerC and RIPostC were induced via four cycles of 5  min occlusion and 5  min reperfusion of the hindlimbs, either during or subsequent to @entity2 . On measurement of @entity3 sizes, compared with the IR group (49.45  6.59%), the @entity3 sizes were significantly reduced in the RIPerC (34.36  5.87%) and RIPostC (36.04  6.16%) groups (P<0.05). However, no further reduction in @entity3 size was observed in the RIPerC  +  RIPostC group (31.43  5.43%; P>0.05), compared with the groups treated with either RIPerC or RIPostC alone. Activation of the reperfusion injury salvage kinase (RISK) Akt, extracellular signal  -regulated kinase  1/2 and glycogen synthase kinase  -3b, and survivor activating factor enhancement (SAFE) signal transducer and activator of transcription  -3 pathways were enhanced in the RIPerC, RIPostC and the RIPerC  +  RIPostC groups, compared with the IR group, with no difference among the three groups. Therefore, whereas RIPerC and RIPostC were equally effective in providing protection against @entity2 , the combination of RIPerC and RIPostC failed to provide further protection than treatment with either alone. The cardioprotective effects were found to be associated with increased activation of the RISK and SAFE pathways.

title: Combination of remote @entity1 perconditioning  and remote XXXX postconditioning fails to increase protection against @entity2 /reperfusion injury, compared with either alone.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 are occasionally detected on biopsy specimen of the ileal pouch and their clinical implications are not clear. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical implications of noncaseating @entity2 on histology in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: All eligible @entity0 with confirmed noncaseating @entity2 on histology of the biopsy specimens of the pouch body, afferent limb, or cuff in our prospectively maintained Pouch Registry between 2002 and 2014 were evaluated. Demographic and clinical factors were analyzed. The disease course of those @entity0 was evaluated. RESULTS: Of 1564 @entity0 in the Registry, 42 met the criteria and were included. The median duration from the pouch construction to the last visit was 9 years (range, 2-28 yr). Twenty-eight @entity0 (66.7%) developed clinical @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of the pouch, whereas 14 (33.3%) were classified as having histologic @entity1 of the pouch. Six @entity0 (21.4%) in the clinical @entity1 of the pouch group and 4 (28.6%) in the histologic @entity1 of the pouch group had @entity2 on more than 1 endoscopy. Postoperative biological therapy was administered more in the clinical @entity1 group than in the histologic @entity1 group (39.3% versus 0%, P = 0.007). Pouch-related fistulae and presacral sinus were verified more in clinical @entity1 group than the histologic @entity1 group. However, Kaplan-Meier plot showed comparable pouch survival between clinical @entity1 and histologic @entity1 groups. CONCLUSIONS: In our current study, one-third of the @entity0 with noncaseating pouch @entity2 did not develop clinical @entity1 of the pouch. With proper medical therapy, long-term pouch outcomes appeared to be similar in those @entity0 with clinical @entity1 or histologic @entity1 of the pouch.

title: Clinical Implications of Noncaseating @entity2 on Histology in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of a configured @entity3 mesh (CTM) to serve as a mechanical and biologic device for restoring a vertically defected/resorbed alveolar ridge. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study comprised 10 severely resorbed sites in 10 @entity0 . Pre- and post-operative ridge measurements were taken with reference to the neighboring teeth and supporting screw head base of the CTM. @entity2 bone mineral served as the augmentation filler material. The metal mesh was removed after 9 months. Subsequently, root-form, screw-type implants were placed. During the implant placement phase, cylindric bone samples were retrieved from the augmented area for histopathologic and histochemical examination. RESULTS: Upon soft tissue reflection and before augmentation, defect height, as recorded by a periodontal probe along the main threads exposed on the support screw, was between 5 and 8 mm (average 6.4 mm; SD +/- 1.17). At 9 months after augmentation, during the implant placement phase, the defect height was between 0 and 2 mm (average 1.2 mm; SD +/- 0.63). Differences were statistically significant (P < .001). Bone height gain was between 4 and 6 mm (average 5.2 mm, SD +/- 0.79), which gave an average bone fill of 81.2% (SD +/- 7.98). Polarizing microscopic examination of sections stained with Picrosirius red showed a gradual increase in new lamellar bone from coronal to apical cuts, reaching the highest area percentage in the deep apical zone. DISCUSSION: At 9 months postaugmentation using the CTM surgical technique, the quality and quantity of the newly established hard tissue appeared to be different in the coronal versus apical areas of the @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Although at 9 months postoperatively, the @entity1 had different bone content, clinicohistochemical results demonstrated that this surgical technique could be a successful and predictable procedure for rebuilding a resorbed/defected ridge to accommodate endosseous implants.

title: Vertical ridge augmentation using xenogenic material supported by a configured XXXX mesh: clinicohistopathologic and histochemical study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 multiplex (SM) is an uncommon disorder, characterized by numerous skin  -colored subcutaneous cysts. A number of SM pedigrees have been identified with mutations in the @entity0 ( @entity0 ) gene. The present study examined a four  -generation Chinese pedigree with an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and examined its genetic basis. A review of the literature on @entity0 gene mutations in the SM pedigree was also performed to investigate the @entity0 gene mutation and genotype  -phenotype correlation. Exon  1 of the KRTl7 gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from genomic DNA obtained, which was obtained from 25  family members in the selected Chinese pedigree and from 100  unrelated control individuals. The DNA was then subjected to automatic DNA sequencing. Genealogical investigations demonstrated an autosomal dominant pattern, and direct sequencing of the PCR product revealed a heterozygous mutation, @entity2 ( @entity3 ), which was located in exon  1 of the @entity0 gene in all 10  affected family members. The mutation was not identified in the 15  unaffected family members or in the 100  unrelated control individuals. Therefore, the present study identified a causative mutation in the @entity0 gene in a large Chinese SM pedigree, exhibiting autosomal dominance. A review of the literature suggested that, in addition to the mutation factor, other modifying factors contribute to the phenotype of familial SM.

title: @entity1 multiplex is associated with the XXXX mutation in the KRTl7 gene.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: We examined the wound-healing effect of @entity4 (VApal) on @entity6 gene and protein expressions in a @entity0 @entity2 model based on lacrimal gland (LG) resection after injury. METHODS: The @entity0 @entity2 model was prepared by surgical resection of the main LG in male Long-Evans @entity0 . After alkaline injury of the central part of the lower palpebral conjunctiva bilaterally, VApal eye drops at 1,500   IU/mL in one eye and a vehicle in the fellow eye were both administered 6 times a day for 7 days. The expression of @entity6 gene and protein was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in the @entity1 and conjunctiva of @entity8 , @entity7 , @entity9 , and @entity5 after 1, 3, (5), and 7 days of treatment with VApal. RESULTS: Significant decreases in @entity3 -stained areas and rose bengal scores were observed in @entity2 compared with vehicle-treated @entity2 at both 3 (P   <   0.05) and 7 days (P   <   0.01). Significant increases in corneal @entity7 and conjunctival rMuc5AC after 1 day (P   <   0.01) and conjunctival @entity9 gene expression after 3 days were observed with VApal treatment (P   <   0.05). Furthermore, conjunctival @entity9 expression significantly increased after 3 days of VApal treatment (P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: VApal promoted corneal @entity7 , conjunctival rMuc5AC, and conjunctival @entity9 gene expression in a @entity0 @entity2 model after injury. VApal also promoted conjunctival @entity9 expression. These results indicate that VApal has efficacy in improving keratoconjunctival epithelial damage associated with decreased tear production.

title: Effect of Retinol Palmitate on Corneal and Conjunctival @entity6 Gene Expression in a XXXX Dry Eye Model After Injury.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Objective. The objective is to assess the prevalence of @entity2 among the university students and to check its association with their khat chewing habit. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional descriptive study is designed using cluster random sampling. Pretested questionnaire was administered by a trained interviewer to assess awake @entity2 and the use of variables like khat, coffee, @entity1 , and stress. Chi-square test at 5% significance was used for assessing the association. Logistic regression was also performed after adjusting for covariates. Results. A high response rate (95%) was obtained as the distribution and collection of questionnaire was within an hour interval. 85% (63%, males; 22%, females) experienced an episode of @entity2 at least one time in the past six months. Regression analysis revealed an association of stress (P = 0.00; OR = 5.902, 95% CI 2.614-13.325) and khat use (P = 0.05; OR = 1.629, 95% CI 0.360-7.368) with @entity2 . Interestingly, it is observed that the one who chew khat experienced 3.56 times (95% CI; 2.62-11.22) less @entity0 when compared to the nonusers. Conclusion. This study is the first of its kind to assess the association of @entity2 with khat chewing. High amount of stress and khat use can be considered as important risk indicators for awake @entity2 .

title: Association of Awake Bruxism with Khat, Coffee, XXXX , and Stress among Jazan University Students.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In this study, we focused on evaluating the occurrence of extended-spectrum b-lactamase (ESBL)-producing @entity1 in fecal samples of healthy @entity3 and environmental samples from a @entity3 farm in South China. @entity3 cloacal swabs and pond water samples were cultivated on MacConkey agar plates supplemented with ceftiofur. Individual colonies were examined for ESBL production. Bacteria identified as @entity1 were screened for the presence of ESBL and plasmid-borne AmpC genes. The genetic relatedness, plasmid replicon type, and genetic background were determined. Of 245 samples analyzed, 123 had @entity1 isolates with ceftiofur MICs higher than 8  g/ml (116 [50.4%] from 230 @entity3 samples and 7 [46.7%] from 15 water samples). bla( @entity2 -M), bla(SHV-12), bla(CMY-2), and bla( @entity4 -1) were identified in 108, 5, 9, and 1 isolates, respectively. The most common bla( @entity2 -M) genes were bla( @entity2 -M-27) (n = 34), bla( @entity2 -M-55) (n = 27), bla( @entity2 -M-24e) (n = 22), and bla( @entity2 -M-105) (n = 20), followed by bla( @entity2 -M-14a), bla( @entity2 -M-14b), bla( @entity2 -M-24a), and bla( @entity2 -M-24b). Although most of the @entity2 -M producers had distinct pulsotypes, clonal transmission between @entity3 and water isolates was observed. bla( @entity2 -M) genes were carried by transferable IncN, IncF, and untypeable plasmids. The novel @entity2 -M gene bla( @entity2 -M-105) was flanked by two hypothetical protein sequences, partial ISEcp1 upstream and truncated IS903D, @entity0 , orf1, and a Tn1721-like element downstream. It is suggested that the horizontal transfer of bla( @entity2 -M) genes mediated by mobile elements and the clonal spread of @entity2 -M-producing @entity1 isolates contributed to the dissemination of bla( @entity2 -M) in the @entity3 farm. Our findings highlight the importance of @entity3 for the dissemination of transferable antibiotic resistance genes into the environment.

title: Characterization of extended-spectrum b-lactamase genes found among XXXX isolates from @entity3 and environmental samples obtained on a @entity3 farm.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The expression of the maltose system in @entity3 is regulated at both transcriptional and translational levels by the pH of the growth medium (pHo). With @entity4 as the @entity2 source, transcription of malT, encoding the transcriptional activator of the maltose regulon, is weaker in acidic medium than in alkaline medium. malT transcription became high, regardless of the pHo, when @entity7 or @entity6 was used as the @entity2 source. Conversely, malT expression was low, regardless of the pHo, when @entity8 was used as the @entity2 source. The increase in malT transcription, associated with the pHo, requires the presence of @entity4 in the growth medium and the expression of the @entity4 kinase (GlpK). Changes in the level of glpK transcription had a great effect on malT transcription. Indeed, a glpFKX promoter-down mutation has been isolated, and in the presence of this mutation, malT expression was increased. When glpK was expressed from a high-copy-number plasmid, the glpK-dependent reduced expression of the maltose system became effective regardless of the pHo. Analysis of this repression showed that a malTp1 malTp10 promoter, which is independent of the @entity5 ( @entity0 )- @entity0 receptor protein (CRP) complex, was no longer repressed by glpFKX amplification. Thus, GlpK-dependent repression of the maltose system requires the @entity0 -CRP complex. We propose that the pHo may affect a complex interplay between GlpK, the phosphotransferase-mediated uptake of @entity1 , and the adenylate cyclase.

title: External-pH-dependent expression of the maltose regulon and ompF gene in XXXX is affected by the level of @entity4 kinase, encoded by glpK.

answer: @entity3