abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a single-pass type III transmembrane @entity5 -protein kinase, is mainly involved in @entity3 and immune regulation to facilitate the progression of @entity2 . This study aimed to evaluate the impact of @entity6 expression on clinical outcome of @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) after surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled 268 @entity0 with @entity4 undergoing nephrectomy between 2001 and 2004. Clinicopathologic features and @entity2 -specific survival (CSS) were collected. Western blot analysis was performed in the pairwise comparisons of @entity6 expression in peritumor and @entity2 tissues of @entity0 with @entity4 . Immunohistochemistry was conducted to determine @entity6 expression level in @entity2 specimens. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression models were used to evaluate the impact of prognostic factors on CSS. A concordance index was calculated to measure prognostic accuracy. A prognostic nomogram was constructed on the basis of the identified independent prognostic factors. RESULTS: @entity6 expression in @entity2 tissues was higher than in peritumor tissues in 71.4  % (5 of 7) @entity0 . @entity6 expression of @entity2 tissues was positively associated with @entity1 , @entity2 , node, @entity1 classification system (TNM) stage, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status score and poor CSS. @entity6 expression was determined as an independent prognostic factor for CSS in @entity0 with @entity4 . Furthermore, extension of the well-established prognostic models with @entity6 expression presented significantly improved prognostic accuracy. An efficient prognostic nomogram was constructed on the basis of the independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS: High @entity6 expression is a potential independent adverse prognostic factor for CSS in @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: High Expression of Colony-Stimulating Factor 1 Receptor Associates with Unfavorable Cancer-Specific Survival of @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Poor glycemic control is associated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ); however, differences in @entity3 according to the level of glycemic control have been poorly investigated. AIM: The aim of this paper is to investigate the change in erectile function according to the level of glycemic control and to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of @entity0 -associated @entity3 . METHODS: @entity7 was injected into 55 male @entity1 classified into four groups: control (group 1), @entity0 with multiple insulin injections (group 2), @entity0 with a single injection (group 3), and untreated @entity0 (group 4). Daily insulin injections in groups 2 and 3 were administered for 4 weeks after 10 weeks of @entity0 induction. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The main outcome measures are the anova or Kruskal-Wallis tests to evaluate glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), @entity2 levels, the ratios of intracavernosal pressure to mean arterial pressure ( @entity4 /MAP), area under the @entity4 curve to MAP (AUC/MAP), and changes in cavernous tissue and protein expression related to Rho kinase and @entity5 pathways. RESULTS: HbA1c levels were different between pairs of groups. Group 4 showed the lowest erectile parameters and group 2 showed near normal level. No differences in erectile parameters were found between groups 1 and 2 or between groups 3 and 4, except the ratio of AUC to MAP for group 1 was significantly higher than that of group 2 (20 Hz stimulation). Decrease in erectile function of group 2 was related to decreased expression of nitrergic @entity5 synthase or decreased @entity2 level compared with group 1. Groups 2 and 3 showed significant differences in erectile parameters, which were associated with difference in apoptotic index. Groups 3 and 4 showed no differences in erectile parameters, although these groups had significant differences in apoptotic index, smooth muscle component, and protein expression ratios of phosphorylated to total myosin phosphatase target subunit 1, endothelial @entity5 synthase, and @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Improvement in glycemic control assists recovery from @entity0 -associated @entity3 ; however, only tight glycemic control can provide recovery from @entity3 to a near normal status.

title: Investigation of the effects of the level of glycemic control on erectile function and pathophysiological mechanisms in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Serum @entity1 markers were investigated as prognostic factors for recurrence in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODOLOGY: Preoperative serum levels of @entity3 , CA72-4, CA19-9, TPA and @entity4 were sampled in 196 @entity0 with @entity2 undergoing curative surgery. The results were compared with the clinical recurrence and various clinicopathological factors. RESULTS: CA72-4, @entity3 , CA19-9, TPA and @entity4 had sensitivities of 16.4%, 31.4%, 16.1%, 31.6%, and 6%, respectively. Sensitivity of two combinations was as high as 56.5%. Seventy-seven @entity0 (39.9%) had clinical recurrence in the follow-up periods. For those with preoperatively elevated serum @entity1 markers, 38% (12/32) had CA72-4, 42% (13/31) had CA19-9, 48% (29/60) and had @entity3 , 54% (6/11) had @entity4 , and 62% (37/61) had TPA, and remained disease-free. Univariate analysis showed that TNM staging, Tumor size, Borrmann classification of @entity1 growth, and preoperative serum CA72-4 level were correlated with recurrence of disease. Multivariate analysis showed that independent prognostic factor of recurrence was TNM staging (P = 0.0007). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative serum CA72-4 level is correlated with @entity1 , but is not an independent predictor for clinical recurrence of disease in @entity0 with @entity2 that undergo surgery.

title: Comparison of serum CA72-4, @entity3 , TPA, CA19-9 and @entity4 levels in @entity2 XXXX and correlation with recurrence.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tsetse flies transmit @entity2 leading to half a million cases annually. @entity1 in animals ( @entity2 ) remains a massive brake on African agricultural development. While trypanosome biology is widely studied, knowledge of tsetse flies is very limited, particularly at the molecular level. This is a serious impediment to investigations of tsetse-trypanosome interactions. We have undertaken an expressed sequence tag (EST) project on the adult tsetse midgut, the major organ system for establishment and early development of trypanosomes. RESULTS: A total of 21,427 ESTs were produced from the midgut of adult Glossina morsitans morsitans and grouped into 8,876 clusters or singletons potentially representing unique genes. Putative functions were ascribed to 4,035 of these by homology. Of these, a remarkable 3,884 had their most significant matches in the @entity0 protein database. We selected 68 genes with putative immune-related functions, macroarrayed them and determined their expression profiles following bacterial or trypanosome challenge. In both infections many genes are downregulated, suggesting a malaise response in the midgut. Trypanosome and bacterial challenge result in upregulation of different genes, suggesting that different recognition pathways are involved in the two responses. The most notable block of genes upregulated in response to trypanosome challenge are a series of @entity3 and Imd genes and a series of genes involved in oxidative stress responses. CONCLUSIONS: The project increases the number of known Glossina genes by two orders of magnitude. Identification of putative immunity genes and their preliminary characterization provides a resource for the experimental dissection of tsetse-trypanosome interactions.

title: Adult midgut expressed sequence tags from the tsetse XXXX Glossina morsitans morsitans and expression analysis of putative immune response genes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Elderly @entity0 , defined as those >or= 70 years of age, represent approximately 40% of all @entity0 diagnosed with @entity2 in the United States. Nonetheless, elderly @entity0 have been underrepresented in national cooperative group trials, and many do not receive appropriate treatment. Whereas the benefit of systemic chemotherapy in younger @entity0 is accepted by most clinicians, there remains a great deal of skepticism with respect to older @entity0 , who are often labeled unfit for chemotherapy. More recent studies with a special focus on elderly @entity0 demonstrate that these @entity0 indeed benefit from chemotherapy. The landmark Elderly Lung Cancer Vinorelbine Italian Study Group trial and the Multicentre Italian Lung Cancer in the Elderly Study clarified the role of @entity3 in the treatment of elderly @entity0 . Retrospective and prospective subgroup analyses from selected North American trials suggested that elderly @entity0 also benefit from @entity1 -based combinations. Whether elderly @entity0 should be treated with single-agent versus combination chemotherapy is discussed in this review. The available data suggest that @entity0 should be evaluated for chemotherapy based on their performance status and comorbidities rather than age alone. For elderly @entity0 judged fit to receive combination chemotherapy, @entity4 -based regimens are a reasonable option. In elderly @entity0 with less than optimal performance status or significant comorbid conditions, single-agent therapy may be more appropriate.

title: Management of advanced XXXX in elderly populations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the role of @entity2 in the early diagnosis of @entity1 (EP). METHODS: Clinical and @entity2 features of 27 cases of @entity1 were reviewed. RESULTS: A thick-walled @entity3 ( @entity3 )-like structure was demonstrated lateral to the uterus in all cases. On T2-weighted images, the thick wall typically exhibited 3 discrete rings in 22 cases (81  %), among which 17 cases (63  %) displayed small vessels and 6 cases (33  %) exhibited small areas of fresh @entity0 inside the thick wall. The contents demonstrated non-specific liquid in 26  %, papillary solid components in 56  %, and fresh blood or fluid-fluid level in 19  % of the cases. Dilatation of the affected fallopian tube associated with hematosalpinx was demonstrated in 18 cases (67  %) and marked enhancement of the tubal wall was observed in 22 cases (81  %). No correlation was found between the size of the @entity3 and the estimated gestational age (r   =   0.056). CONCLUSION: @entity2 plays an important role in the early diagnosis and management of @entity1 . The characteristic @entity2 features include a @entity3 -like structure with a "three rings" appearance on T2-weighted images, presence of solid components in the sac, dilatation of the affected fallopian tube with hematosalpinx, and tubal wall enhancement. KEY POINTS:     MR imaging has served as a problem-solving procedure in ectopic pregnancy.     MR imaging features can be criteria for early diagnosis of @entity1 .     Detailed assessment of ectopic implantation is necessary for management decision-making.

title: Role of @entity2 in the early diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The scintigraphic findings in @entity5 are highly variable and can mimic any @entity3 . In this study, we compared the scintigraphic findings with ultrasonography in 48 @entity0 with @entity5 . Thyroid scintigrams revealed @entity2 in 12 @entity0 , @entity4 in 20 @entity0 and a solitary nodule in 16 @entity0 (toxic @entity1 , n = 1; hypoactive nodule, n = 4; hyperactive nodule with no suppression, n = 3; normoactive nodule, n = 8). Ultrasonography revealed @entity2 in 19 @entity0 , @entity4 in 20 @entity0 and a solitary nodule in 9 @entity0 . The thyroid scan and ultrasonography revealed the same findings of @entity2 in 12 @entity0 and @entity4 in 20 @entity0 . Of the 16 @entity0 with a solitary nodule on scintigraphy, only 9 showed the same finding on ultrasonography, with the other 7 showing @entity2 . The difference in nodularity between thyroid scanning (74.9%) and sonography (60.4%) has been attributed to pseudonodularity in @entity5 . In conclusion, our results confirmed that @entity5 can mimic any @entity3 , including @entity2 , @entity6 and @entity4 on scintigraphy. Therefore, scintigraphy, ultrasonography and serum thyroid hormone estimation alone may not be helpful for the final diagnosis of @entity5 . To eliminate unnecessary surgical intervention, all @entity0 should be evaluated by means of physical examination and thyroid autoantibodies, in addition to a thyroid scan, ultrasonography, serum thyroid hormones and fine-needle aspiration biopsy when necessary.

title: Scintigraphic varieties in XXXX and comparison with ultrasonography.

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: The impact of intraoperative @entity4 on postoperative @entity1 after elective repair of an @entity2 was evaluated. METHODS: Chart review of a prospectively accrued database was performed for @entity0 admitted from January 1, 2003, through December 31, 2013. @entity0 were included in the study if they underwent elective repair of an unruptured @entity3 with surgical clipping or wrapping. The primary objective was to determine if the use of @entity4 increased @entity0 ' odds of having a @entity1 within six hours of surgical intervention. Univariate comparisons were conducted on all variables for @entity0 who received @entity4 and @entity0 who were treated with other antibiotics. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the impact of @entity4 administered intraoperatively on postoperative @entity1 , while accounting for other covariates. RESULTS: Of the 520 @entity0 included, 53 (10.2%) @entity0 developed @entity1 within six hours after surgery. A total of 439 (84.4%) @entity0 received @entity4 intraoperatively. There were no differences in baseline characteristics between the @entity0 who received @entity4 compared with those who did not. The frequency of @entity1 did not significantly differ between @entity0 treated with @entity4 versus other antibiotics (11.2% versus 4.9%, respectively; p = 0.08). Multivariable regression revealed that the use of @entity4 did not increase the odds of having a @entity1 postoperatively compared with @entity0 treated with other antibiotics (odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 0.82-7.15). CONCLUSION: No relationship was found between the intraoperative use of @entity4 and the development of @entity1 during the six hours after the repair of unruptured @entity2 .

title: Impact of intraoperative XXXX on postoperative @entity1 after elective repair of @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Brain endothelial cells have unique properties in terms of barrier function, local molecular signaling, regulation of local @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and interactions with other members of the neurovascular unit. In @entity5 ( @entity7 ; @entity8 ), the endothelial cells in small arteries survive, even when mural pathology is advanced and myocytes are severely depleted. Here, we review aspects of altered endothelial functions that have been implicated in @entity8 : local @entity2 dysregulation, endothelial activation and blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction. Reduced @entity2 is reported in the diffuse white matter lesions that are a neuroradiological signature of @entity8 . This may reflect an underlying deficit in local @entity2 regulation (possibly via the @entity3 / @entity6 signaling pathway). While many laboratories have observed an association of symptomatic @entity8 with serum markers of endothelial activation, it is apparent that the origin of these circulating markers need not be brain endothelium. Our own neuropathology studies did not confirm local endothelial activation in small vessels exhibiting @entity8 . Local BBB failure has been proposed as a cause of @entity8 and associated parenchymal lesions. Some groups find that computational analyses of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, following systemic injection of a @entity4 -based contrast agent, suggest that extravasation into @entity1 is heightened in @entity0 with @entity8 . Our recent histochemical studies of donated brain tissue, using immunolabeling for large plasma proteins [fibrinogen, immunoglobulin G (IgG)], do not support an association of @entity8 with recent plasma protein extravasation. It is possible that a trigger leakage episode, or a size-selective loosening of the BBB, participates in @entity8 pathology.

title: Endothelial cells and XXXX @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity1 carries a poor prognosis and cannot be cured by currently available therapy. Chemotherapy designed to prolong survival and improve the quality of life (QOL) of @entity0 is the mainstay of treatment. Standard regimens of FOLFOX/bevacizumab and CapeOX/bevacizumab can cause @entity3 , potentially disrupting treatment. The results of 3 phase II studies of combination therapy with S-1, irinotecan, and bevacizumab showed comparable efficacy to mFOLFOX6/bevacizumab and CapeOX/bevacizumab, without severe @entity3 . Therefore, the establishment and evaluation of S-1-containing @entity4 -based regimens for first-line treatment are expected to become more important. METHODS: The TRICOLORE trial is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, controlled phase III study which aims to evaluate the non-inferiority of combination therapy with S-1/irinotecan/bevacizumab (a 3-week regimen [SIRB] or 4-week regimen [IRIS/bevacizumab]) to @entity2 -based standard treatment (mFOLFOX6/bevacizumab or CapeOX/bevacizumab) in @entity0 with metastatic @entity1 who had not previously received chemotherapy. @entity0 will be randomly assigned to either the control group (mFOLFOX6/bevacizumab or CapeOX/bevacizumab) or study group (SIRB or IRIS/bevacizumab). The target sample size is 450 @entity0 . The primary endpoint is progression-free survival (PFS), and the secondary endpoints are overall survival (OS), response rate (RR), time to treatment failure (TTF), relative dose intensity (RDI), the incidence and severity of adverse events, quality of life (QOL), quality-adjusted life years (QALY), health care costs, and relations between biomarkers and treatment response (translational research, TR). DISCUSSION: The results of this study will provide important information that will help to improve the therapeutic strategy for metastatic @entity1 , and we believe that this study is very meaningful from the perspective of comparative effectiveness research. TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN000007834.

title: Study protocol of the TRICOLORE trial: a randomized phase III study of XXXX -based chemotherapy versus combination chemotherapy with S-1, irinotecan, and bevacizumab as first-line therapy for metastatic @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: A retrospective analysis of 20 cases of tuberculum @entity4 with emphasis on the surgical technique and visual outcome. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2006 twenty @entity0 with tuberculum and @entity4 were treated at the @entity5 Aviv medical center. There were 17 females and 3 males. The age range was 28-83. Most @entity0 presented with @entity2 . Surgery was performed using the subfrontal approach. The visual function before and after surgery was evaluated as the main outcome parameter of the surgical treatment of these @entity1 . FINDINGS: In 16 @entity0 complete @entity1 resection was achieved and in 4 subtotal removal was performed. Visual acuity improved in 32% of the eyes and deterioration was observed in two eyes (5%). Visual field improved in 28% of the eyes and deteriorated in 14%. There was no complete @entity3 as a result of surgery. There was no mortality in our series. CONCLUSIONS: Tuberculum and @entity4 can be safely resected using the subfrontal approach with preservation and even improvement of visual function after surgery. Early surgery with better pre-operation visual function and smaller @entity1 size were associated with a better outcome.

title: Tuberculum and XXXX --surgical technique and visual outcome in a series of 20 cases operated over a 2.5-year period.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Persistent @entity4 occurs in many @entity0 after cholecystectomy, some of whom are described as having @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity2 in @entity5 type III is thought to be of biliary origin with little objective data, and treatment is often unsatisfactory. Chronic @entity4 without a biological disease marker is similar to @entity6 , in which many @entity0 exhibit @entity7 . This study tested the hypothesis that duodenal-specific visceral afferent sensitivity exists in @entity0 with @entity5 type III. METHODS: Eleven @entity0 with chronic @entity4 after cholecystectomy and 10 controls underwent duodenal and rectal barostat studies to evaluate visceral @entity2 perception measured with a visual analog scale. All subjects underwent psychological testing. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity5 type III exhibited duodenal but not @entity7 compared with controls. There were no differences in duodenal compliance between the groups. @entity9 reproduced symptoms in all but 1 @entity0 . @entity0 showed high levels of somatization, @entity3 , @entity8 , and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity5 type III exhibited duodenal-specific @entity7 , and duodenal distention reproduced symptoms in all but 1 @entity0 . @entity4 in these @entity0 may not originate exclusively from the biliary tree.

title: @entity2 syndrome: pathophysiology of XXXX in @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: We collected 75 primary @entity1 with @entity5 , or sarcomatous elements to better define their clinical, histologic, and immunohistochemical profile. The @entity0 's age ranged from 42 to 81 years (mean 65 years), and the male-to-female ratio was 9.7:1. Sixty-nine @entity0 (92%) were smokers. Cough and hemoptysis were the most frequent presenting symptoms. Fifty-nine @entity0 (65%) died of disease: only stage significantly predicts overall survival (p = 0.0273). Microscopically, based on the WHO criteria, 58 cases were classified as @entity3 (51 with an epithelial component, 7 composed exclusively of spindle and giant cells), 10 as @entity3 , 3 as @entity11 , 3 as @entity9 , and 1 as @entity12 . Immunohistochemically, in the @entity2 composed exclusively of spindle and/or giant cells, @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and @entity8 were positive in 55% and 70% of the cases, respectively, whereas @entity7 was always negative. In @entity3 with an epithelial component, @entity8 , @entity10 , and @entity7 were positive in the sarcomatoid component in 62.7%, 43.1%, and 5.9% of the cases, respectively, whereas they were always negative in the sarcomatous part of @entity9 and @entity12 . In the epithelial component of @entity3 , @entity8 , @entity10 , and @entity7 were positive in 76.4%, 58.8%, and 39.2% of the cases, respectively, whereas the same antibodies did not react with the epithelial component of @entity9 ; in the case of @entity12 , the epithelial part of the @entity2 was positive for @entity8 and @entity10 , whereas it was negative for @entity7 . @entity6 was always negative. In our opinion, this study: 1) supports the metaplastic histogenetic theory for this group of @entity2 ; 2) shows that @entity8 and @entity10 , but not @entity7 , are useful immunohistochemical markers in this setting; 3) confirms that stage is at the moment the only significant prognostic parameter, as in conventional @entity4 ; and 4) shows that this group of @entity2 has a worse prognosis than @entity4 at surgically curable stages I, justifying their segregation as an independent histologic type in the WHO classification.

title: XXXX with @entity5 , or sarcomatous elements: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 75 cases.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Nonoperative options for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of the talar dome are limited, and currently, there is a lack of scientific evidence to guide management. PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term efficacy and safety of platelet-rich plasma ( @entity3 ) compared with hyaluronic acid (HA) in reducing @entity2 and disability caused by @entity1 of the ankle. STUDY DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2. METHODS: Thirty-two @entity0 aged 18 to 60 years were allocated to a treatment by intra-articular injections of either HA (group 1) or @entity3 (plasma rich in growth factors [PRGF] technique, group 2) for @entity1 of the talus. Thirty @entity1 , 15 per arm, received 3 consecutive intra-articular therapeutic injections and were followed for 28 weeks. The efficacy of the injections in reducing @entity2 and improving function was assessed at each visit using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Ankle-Hindfoot Scale (AHFS); a visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity2 , stiffness, and function; and the subjective global function score. RESULTS: The majority of @entity0 were @entity0 (n = 23; 79%). The AHFS score improved from 66 and 68 to 78 and 92 in groups 1 and 2, respectively, from baseline to week 28 (P < .0001), favoring @entity3 (P < .05). Mean VAS scores (1 = asymptomatic, 10 = severe symptoms) decreased for @entity2 (group 1: 5.6 to 3.1; group 2: 4.1 to 0.9), stiffness (group 1: 5.1 to 2.9; group 2: 5.0 to 0.8), and function (group 1: 5.8 to 3.5; group 2: 4.7 to 0.8) from baseline to week 28 (P < .0001), favoring @entity3 (P < .05 for stiffness, P < .01 for function, P > .05 for @entity2 ). Subjective global function scores, reported on a scale from 0 to 100 (with 100 representing healthy, preinjury function) improved from 56 and 58 at baseline to 73 and 91 by week 28 for groups 1 and 2, respectively (P < .01 in favor of @entity3 ). CONCLUSION: Osteochondral lesions of the ankle treated with intra-articular injections of @entity3 and HA resulted in a decrease in @entity2 scores and an increase in function for at least 6 months, with minimal adverse events. Platelet-rich plasma treatment led to a significantly better outcome than HA.

title: Platelet-rich plasma or hyaluronate in the management of XXXX of the talus.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity9 is a @entity7 -polymer conjugate prepared by linking @entity7 ( @entity5 ) to a hydrophilic, cyclodextrin-based, linear polymer through @entity8 bonds. In previous studies, these polymer conjugates with high molecular weights (ca 90 kDa) have shown significant antitumor effects against @entity0 @entity4 xenografts. The pharmacokinetics of @entity9 in plasma of @entity3 and its biodistribution in @entity2 bearing @entity0 LS174T @entity4 is reported here. METHODS: @entity3 were injected intravenously with three different doses of @entity9 . Serial plasma samples were analyzed for polymer-bound and unconjugated @entity5 by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration vs time data were modeled using non-compartmentalized methods and compared to @entity5 alone injected intravenously at an equivalent dose. Tumor-bearing @entity2 were injected intravenously with @entity9 and intraperitoneally with @entity5 alone, and sacrificed after 24 and 48 h, and serum, heart, liver, spleen, lungs and @entity1 collected. Tissue samples were extracted and analyzed for polymer-bound and unconjugated @entity5 by HPLC. RESULTS: Plasma concentrations and the area under the curve for polymer-bound @entity5 are approximately 100-fold higher than those of unconjugated @entity5 or @entity5 alone, injected intravenously at an equivalent dose. The plasma half-life of @entity9 ranges from 17 -20 h and is significantly greater than that of @entity5 alone (1.3 h). When @entity5 is conjugated to polymer, the biodistribution pattern of @entity5 is different from that taken alone. At 24 h post injection, the total @entity5 per gram of tissue is the highest in @entity1 tissue when compared to all other tissues tested. Tumor concentrations of active @entity5 released from the conjugate are more than 160-fold higher when administered as a polymer conjugate rather than as @entity5 alone. CONCLUSIONS: The studies presented here indicate that intravenous administration of @entity9 , a cyclodextrin based polymer- @entity5 conjugate, gives prolonged plasma half-life and enhanced distribution to @entity1 tissue when compared to @entity5 alone. The data also show that active @entity5 is released from the conjugate within the @entity1 for an extended period of time. These effects likely play a significant role in the enhanced antitumor activity of @entity9 when compared to @entity5 alone or @entity6 .

title: Pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of the XXXX -polymer conjugate @entity9 in @entity3 and @entity1 -bearing @entity2 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: A pretherapeutic staging system to design nonoperative or neoadjuvant treatments in @entity3 is required. In this study, a simple staging system based on laparoscopic findings to define a treatment algorithm was developed. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of 151 @entity0 allocated into four stages based on laparoscopic findings. The depth of @entity2 invasion and the presence of @entity1 based on laparoscopic findings were used to construct these stages. Laparoscopic findings were compared with histopathology. RESULTS: An excellent agreement of the laparoscopy-defined depth of invasion and the surgical pathology standard was found (weighted kappa 0.85). The likelihood ratios for a positive and negative laparoscopic diagnosis of @entity1 were 40.4 and 0.015, respectively (98.5% sensitivity, 97.6% specificity). Those for positive and negative diagnosis of resectability were 2.6 and 0.03, respectively (98.4% sensitivity, 62% specificity). The laparoscopic stages presented significant prognostic value. Two-year survival was 93%, 69%, 60%, and 17%, respectively. Surgical resection was possible in 100%, 100%, 49%, and 12%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The proposed laparoscopic staging system is a simple and reproducibLe way for selection of a suitable therapy. It allows for adequate stratification of the main risk factors in the setting of clinical trials evaluating preoperative treatments.

title: The role of pretherapeutic laparoscopy in the selection of treatment for @entity0 with XXXX : a proposal for a laparoscopic staging system.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: A 32-year-old @entity0 with @entity6 due to bilateral laparoscopic salpingectomy conceived twins with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). She developed moderate @entity3 which was treated with anticoagulant therapy. The subsequent course of the twin pregnancy was normal until the 17th week of gestation when she presented to hospital because of a sharp @entity5 in the right lower abdomen which ceased after admission. Case: Except for a single incident of @entity7 , @entity0 had no other subjective symptoms. The clinical examination showed tenderness of the lower right abdominal segment on palpation. The surgeon and the urologist found no signs of an acute surgical or urologic condition, and laboratory findings were within normal reference ranges for pregnant @entity0 . Two days after admission the @entity5 reappeared; it was now much stronger and colic-like. The @entity5 was initially located supraumbilically but subsequently spread diffusely across the lower abdomen. Abdominal guarding was present and laboratory findings showed an increase in inflammatory parameters. An enlarged and @entity1 was found on transvaginal ultrasound. Conclusion: Exploratory laparotomy via a vertical midline abdominal transection revealed a torqued necrotic right ovary with elements of @entity2 and inflammatory adhesions involving the entire pelvis. The @entity0 underwent right-sided ovariectomy and adhesiolysis. Recovered was normal and the @entity0 was delivered of healthy twins in the 37th week of gestation.

title: Acute Abdomen in the 17th Week of Twin Pregnancy due to XXXX - A Late Complication of @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) plays a central role in the pathogenesis of @entity1 . @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is highly expressed in vascular SMCs in the experimental arteriosclerotic neointimal area as well as in cultured SMCs, suggesting that increased expression of the @entity3 gene is related to the phenotypic alteration of vascular SMCs. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms and to identify the essential DNA sequences in @entity3 gene expression, a genomic clone containing over 8 kilobases of the 5'-flanking region of the @entity0 @entity3 gene has been isolated. Sequence analysis revealed that a number of putative regulatory elements including unusual tandem repeated AP-2-like sequences were observed in the 5'-flanking region. Primer extension and ribonuclease protection analyses revealed that transcription of the @entity0 @entity3 gene starts from two major regions. Promoter analysis using deletion constructs in @entity0 cells, highly producing @entity3 transcripts, showing that the region (from - 33 to + 13 relative to the transcription start point) had a potential promoter activity suggested that the region from -33 to + 13, containing a @entity2 -rich stretch composed of four CTTTTT-repeated sequences, is sufficient for the proximal promoter activity. Moreover, three distinct DNA sequences surrounding the transcription start site (P1, from -60 to -33; P2, from + 14 to +40; P3, from +41 to +66) were revealed to be functional as a cis-acting positive enhancer, and a nuclear protein(s) from the @entity0 cells was demonstrated to specifically bind to the sequences, respectively. However, promoter analysis has shown that the P2 and P3 sequences could not activate the @entity0 @entity3 promoter in a synergistic manner. On the basis of deoxyribonuclease I footprinting analysis showing that a DNA element from +48 to +60 within the P3 sequence is preferentially protected, the P3 sequence appears to contain a potential regulatory element involved in @entity3 gene expression. The present study demonstrated the structure of the 5'-regulatory region of the @entity0 @entity3 gene and multiple cis-acting positive sequences closely located around the transcription start points with an important role in regulation of @entity0 @entity3 gene expression.

title: Isolation and characterization of the 5'-flanking regulatory region of the XXXX natriuretic peptide receptor C gene.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity6 -oxidase (NOX)-dependent reactive @entity2 species (ROS) production is involved in self-renewal of stem and progenitor cells. Herein, we investigated whether high @entity3 (25 mM/L) (HG)-dependent NOX-mediated ROS generation is involved in self-renewal of visceral adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) as well. To this end ASCs cultured in HG or normal @entity3 (5 mM/L) used as control, were evaluated for their stem cell identity. We demonstrated that freshly isolated ASCs are pluripotent as they differentiate into adipocytes in-vitro and form neovessels in-vivo. However, only HG-cultured ASCs expressed @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity8 and formed spheroids. The assembly of @entity11 and @entity10 subunits is crucial for NOX-enzymatic activity. By knock-down of @entity7 phox the role of NOX-generated ROS in driving @entity5 de-differentiation has been provided. siRNA technology was also applied to demonstrate the role of @entity4 activity in mediating HG-induced @entity9 and @entity8 expression as well as spheroid formation. Additionally, by knock-down of @entity9 we provided further evidence that @entity9 is essential for HG-mediated stem cell identity. Soluble factors released by ASCs are key elements in their mechanism of action. We found that NOX and @entity4 activity are required for cytokine production by "spheroids". Finally, as HG-cultured ASCs, @entity1 @entity0 -derived ASCs expressed higher levels of @entity9 and @entity8 than ASCs derived from healthy subjects and engaged ROS and @entity4 activity to turn on their secretion program. Thereby, our data indicate that HG via NOX-dependent @entity4 activity induces @entity5 de-differentiation, and suggest that HG pre-conditioning might be exploited for @entity5 ex-vivo expansion.

title: High XXXX via NOX-dependent ROS generation and @entity4 activity promotes adipose-derived stem cell de-differentiation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop predictive models for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity1 in @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: 291 @entity0 with @entity4 were included, which were divided into @entity5 and nonseminomatous groups. For screening the risk factors for @entity3 @entity1 , the @entity2 -related characteristics (including histopathological information and @entity2 markers) alpha fetoprotein and the @entity3 -related features on CT were compared between metastatic cases and nonmetastatic cases. Two logistic regression models were built for each histological group, one depending on all @entity2 - and @entity3 -related risk factors (Model 1) and another only on @entity2 -related factors (Model 2). Receivers operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate the predictive abilities of these models. RESULTS: 117 positive nodes/regions were identified in 68 @entity0 , including 51 @entity1 and 17 occult @entity1 . Based on the selected independent risk factors, the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of Models 1 and 2 in @entity5 and nonseminomatous groups were (95.5%, 95.3%, 95.3%, 77.8%, and 99.2%), (63.6%, 83.6%, 80.7%, 40.0%, and 93.0%), (93.5%, 94.7%, 94.3%, 89.6%, and 96.8%), and (89.1%, 44.2%, 58.9%, 43.6%, and 89.4%), respectively. CONCLUSION: Two predictive models for each @entity5 and nonseminomatous @entity2 were established based on @entity3 - and @entity2 -related risk factors. In @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 -related risk factors, regular CT surveillance is likely sufficient for predicting @entity3 status, while in the @entity0 without any @entity2 and @entity3 -related risk factors a long interval-time CT follow-up should be considered. Additionally, right side @entity2 tend to involve contralateral LNs compared to left side ones. Positive inguinal LNs more frequently occur in @entity0 with a history of groin surgery.

title: Predictive models for @entity3 XXXX in @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Stress is the most commonly reported precipitant of @entity3 , but the mechanism by which stress precipitates @entity5 and the risk factors for stress as a @entity5 precipitant are poorly understood. Previously, we observed higher levels of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 who reported stress as a @entity5 precipitant. Given that childhood @entity1 increases the risk of general psychiatric symptom burden, including @entity2 , we sought to examine the relationship between childhood adversity and stress as a @entity5 precipitant. METHODS: Sequential outpatients (N=236) evaluated at the @entity3 Center of the University of Cincinnati Neuroscience Institute who had previously enrolled in an earlier study of stress and @entity5 were enrolled. Subjects either endorsed stress as a @entity5 precipitant [Stress (+)] or not [Stress (-)]. The @entity1 Questionnaire Short Form (CTQ-SF), a 28-question scale that evaluates 5 domains of childhood adversity (physical abuse, physical neglect, @entity7 , emotional neglect, and @entity6 ) was sent via mail and returned on paper or electronically from @entity0 . Total CTQ-SF score and CTQ-SF domain scores were compared between Stress (+) and Stress (-) groups using Wilcoxon rank sum test. Spearman's rank correlation between CTQ-SF scores with @entity4 and @entity2 was also determined, and these analyses were followed by a multivariate analysis to identify the association of childhood @entity1 with other factors including @entity2 and @entity4 . RESULTS: A total of 119 out of 236 CTQ-SFs that were sent out were completed. Response rates were 91/195 for Stress (+) and 28/41 for Stress (-). The Stress (+) group reported higher scores in @entity7 compared with the Stress (-) group (p=0.029); CTQ-SF total scores were higher in the Stress (+) group compared with the Stress (-) group (p=0.08), and @entity6 scores were higher in Stress (+) group (p=0.07), but there were no statistically significant differences for other types of @entity1 . @entity4 and @entity2 scores were higher in the Stress (+) group, but @entity2 was the only independent factor associated with the Stress (+) group in the multivariate analysis (p=0.0021). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity3 who report stress as a @entity5 precipitant are more likely to endorse a history of childhood traumatic experiences, particularly @entity7 , compared with those who do not perceive stress as a precipitant. Further study is needed to identify how childhood @entity1 interacts with @entity2 in modulating stress response in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Childhood @entity1 in XXXX with self-reported stress-precipitated @entity5 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Tibial stress fractures are an important cause of @entity1 in the Thoroughbred racehorse. While it is recognised that these injuries can vary in clinical presentation and radiographic or scintigraphic appearance, little has been done to quantify lesion severity. By contrast the scintigraphic grading of @entity3 in @entity0 athletes is widely reported and assists in the selection of appropriate management regimes. OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between scintigraphic grade, clinical severity and radiographic appearance of @entity3 . METHODS: The current study involved the retrospective analysis of records from 42 Thoroughbreds with abnormal tibial scintigraphic activity. RESULTS: There was a significant association between lesion site and scintigraphic grade and good correlation of scintigraphic scoring between investigators. No significant association was found between scintigraphic grade and either radiographic grade or degree of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The study confirmed that radiographic appearance is an unreliable measure of clinical severity or stage of progression of lesions. The scintigraphic grading system used in the study was not of use in defining stress fracture severity in the @entity2 tibia. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: Despite this finding, there is clearly a need for prospective investigations to explore the potential for targeted management regimes for tibial injuries based on lesion site or clinical criteria.

title: The application of a scintigraphic grading system to XXXX @entity3 : 42 cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: In embryonic myocytes, closure of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (PTP) drives mitochondrial maturation and cardiac myocyte differentiation. Since neonatal cardiac myocytes remain relatively immature, we hypothesized that inducing PTP closure at this age, by inhibiting the PTP regulator, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), genetically or with @entity2 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 , would increase cardiac function by increasing mitochondrial maturation and myocyte differentiation. METHODS: Cultured neonatal myocytes or neonatal @entity0 were treated for 5 days with vehicle, @entity3 or @entity4 . Mitochondrial function and structure were measured in vitro. Myocyte differentiation was assessed by immunolabeling for contractile proteins. Cardiac function was determined using echocardiography. RESULTS: The probability of PTP opening was high in WT neonatal myocytes. Treatment with @entity3 or @entity4 in vitro increased mitochondrial structural complexity and membrane potential, decreased reactive @entity1 species levels, and increased myocyte differentiation. WT @entity0 treated with either @entity3 or @entity4 in vivo for the first 5 days of life had higher ejection fractions. Deleting @entity5 had similar effects as @entity3 and @entity4 on all parameters. CONCLUSIONS: It may be feasible to inhibit the PTP using available drugs to increase mitochondrial maturation, myocyte differentiation, and cardiac function in neonates.Pediatric Research (2017); doi:10.1038/pr.2017.19.

title: Preventing Permeability Transition Pore Opening Increases Mitochondrial Maturation, Myocyte Differentiation and Cardiac Function in the Neonatal XXXX Heart.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: No reliable cyst fluid biomarkers exist that allow preoperative identification of @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and high-risk pathology. @entity7  protein has been demonstrated to be a biomarker of @entity4 in @entity6 . It is unknown whether @entity7 protein is present in the cyst fluid from @entity6 . The aims of this study were to determine whether @entity7 protein is present in the cyst fluid of @entity6 and demonstrate whether @entity7 protein concentration correlates with the degree of @entity4 . METHODS: @entity0 with surgically resected @entity6 and banked @entity2 fluid were identified. Low-risk @entity6 ( @entity3 [ @entity3 ] or @entity8 [ @entity8 ]) and high-risk @entity6 ( @entity5 [ @entity5 ] or @entity1 ) were identified. @entity2 fluid concentrations of @entity7 protein were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Samples from 31 @entity0 were analyzed. @entity7 protein was detected in the cyst fluid of 30 of 31 specimens (97%). Median cyst fluid @entity7 protein concentration (ng/mL) was as follows: @entity3 , 0.6 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.35-0.6); @entity8 , 1.55 (IQR 0.65-2.7); @entity5 , 4.2 (IQR 1.7-9.2) (P  < .05). The median @entity7 protein concentration was significantly higher in the @entity5 group (4.2 ng/mL, IQR 1.7-9.2) compared with the concentration in the low-risk group (1.1 ng/mL, IQR 0.6-2.7, P  = .03). CONCLUSION: @entity7 protein is present in IPMN cyst fluid. Significantly higher concentrations of cyst fluid @entity7 protein are found in @entity6 with @entity5 compared with lesions with @entity3 or @entity8 . Cyst fluid concentrations of @entity7 protein may thus serve as a biomarker to differentiate @entity0 with high-risk @entity6 from those with low-risk @entity6 .

title: @entity2 fluid concentration of high-mobility group A2  protein acts as a differential biomarker of XXXX in @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: It is predicted that around 20% of the worlds population will be age 60 or above by 2050. Prevalence of @entity1 and @entity3 is high in older adults and modifiable dietary factors may be able to reduce risk for these conditions. Phytoestrogens are bioactive plant chemicals found in soy, which have a similarity in structure to natural @entity0 (the most abundant circulating @entity2 ). This structural likeness enables phytoestrogens to interact with @entity2 receptors in the brain, potentially affecting cognition. However, findings in this domain are largely inconsistent, with approximately 50% of studies showing positive effects of phytoestrogens on cognition and the other half resulting in null/negative findings. This paper provides an updated review of the relationship between consumption of phytoestrogens and risk for @entity1 and/or @entity3 . In particular, possible mediators were identified to explain discrepant findings and for consideration in future research. A case can be made for a link between phytoestrogen consumption, thyroid status and cognition in older age, although current findings in this area are very limited. Evidence suggests that inter-individual variants that can affect phytoestrogen bioavailability (and thus cognitive outcome) include age and ability to breakdown ingested phytoestrogens into their bioactive metabolites. Factors of the study design that must be taken into account are type of soy product, dosage, frequency of dietary intake and type of cognitive test used. Guidelines regarding optimal phytoestrogen dosage and frequency of intake are yet to be determined.

title: Phytoestrogen consumption and risk for @entity1 and XXXX : With consideration of thyroid status and other possible mediators.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Chronic stress or chronically high glucocorticoids attenuate adult hippocampal neurogenesis by reducing cell proliferation, survival, and differentiation in male rodents. Neurons are still produced in the dentate gyrus during chronically high glucocorticoids, but it is not known whether these new neurons are appropriately activated in response to spatial memory. Thus, the goal of this study was to determine whether immature granule neurons generated during chronically high glucocorticoids (resulting in a @entity1 -like phenotype) are differentially activated by spatial memory retrieval. Male @entity0 received either 40 mg/kg @entity2 ( @entity6 ) or vehicle for 18 days prior to behavioral testing. @entity0 were tested in the forced swim test (FST) and then tested in a spatial (hippocampus-dependent) or cued (hippocampus-independent) Morris Water Maze. Tissue was then processed for doublecortin ( @entity5 ) to identify immature neurons and @entity4 , an immediate early gene product. As expected, @entity6 increased @entity1 -like behavior (greater immobility in the FST) however, prior @entity6 modestly enhanced @entity3 compared with oil. Prior @entity6 reduced the number of @entity5 -expressing cells and proportion of @entity5 -expressing cells colabeled for @entity4 , but only in the ventral hippocampus. Prior @entity6 shifted the proportion of cells in the ventral hippocampus away from postmitotic cells and toward immature, proliferative cells, likely due to the fact that postmitotic cells were produced and matured during @entity6 exposure but proliferative cells were produced after high @entity6 exposure ceased. Compared with cue training, spatial training slightly increased @entity5 -expressing cells and shifted cells toward the postmitotic stage in the ventral hippocampus. These data suggest that the effects of @entity6 and spatial training on immature neurons are more pronounced in the ventral hippocampus. Further, high @entity6 reduced activation of immature neurons, suggesting that exposure to high @entity6 may have long-term effects on cell integration or function.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Prior high XXXX exposure reduces activation of immature neurons in the ventral hippocampus in response to spatial and nonspatial memory.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: Despite the reported occurrence of @entity4 of @entity3 , little is known about their prevalence in @entity0 from Northern Finland with @entity3 . The aim was to investigate the prevalence of @entity4 among @entity0 with different types of clefts in Northern Finland. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Design and Statistics: @entity0 records of 139 subjects aged three years and older (with clefts treated in Oulu University Hospital, Finland during the period 1996-2010 (total n. 183) were analysed for @entity4 including the number of teeth, morphological @entity2 and their association with the cleft type. The analyses were carried out using Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test. Differences between the groups were considered statistically significant at p values < 0.05. RESULTS: More than half of the @entity0 had clefts of the hard palate, 18% of the lip and palate, and 13% of the lip. At least one @entity4 was detected in 47% of the study population. Almost one in three (26.6%) subjects had at @entity1 and 17.9% had two or three anomalies. The most common @entity1 in permanent teeth were missing teeth followed by supernumerary teeth. Supernumerary teeth were significantly more apparent when the lip was involved in the cleft compared with palatal clefts. Missing teeth were less prevalent among those 5 years or younger. The prevalence of different anomalies was significantly associated with the cleft type in both age groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 are more prevalent among cleft @entity0 than in the general population in Finland. The most @entity1 associated with cleft were missing and supernumerary teeth.

title: XXXX associated with @entity3 in Northern Finland.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the TCR beta repertoire of peripheral blood @entity2 enriched ( @entity2 +) and depleted ( @entity2 -) T cells in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 and controls using @entity3 length analysis (spectratyping). METHODS: @entity2 + and @entity2 - T cells were separated from 14 @entity1 @entity0 and 12 controls, using magnetic beads coated with anti- @entity2 monoclonal antibodies. cDNA was prepared as the template for amplification with 22 V beta-C beta primer pairs. The products were resolved by electrophoresis in an ABI373 sequencer using GENESCAN software. Expansions were identified as dominant @entity3 lengths, where the area underlying the corresponding peak exceeded the sum of the areas of the two adjacent peaks. This method was validated by sequencing 10 samples displaying dominant peaks. The expansion frequencies in @entity1 @entity0 and controls were compared using the chi 2 test statistic. RESULTS: Dominant peaks were evident in several V beta families. They were more frequent in @entity1 @entity0 in both the @entity2 + subset ( @entity1 normalised frequency 10.6; control normalised frequency 8.0; p = 0.03) and the @entity2 - subset ( @entity1 normalised frequency 2.9; control normalised frequency 1.5; p = 0.02). Sequencing of 10 samples exhibiting dominant peaks revealed an unequivocal clonal expansion in nine (90%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 @entity0 exhibited a significantly increased frequency of T cell expansions both in the @entity2 + and @entity2 - subsets. This phenomenon may reflect the proliferation of autoreactive cells, a nonspecific expansion of memory T cells in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines or a defect of T cell regulation that predates the onset of @entity1 and may itself predipose to disease.

title: TCR beta spectratyping in XXXX : evidence of clonal expansions in peripheral blood lymphocytes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Purpose: To compare the effects of different fractionated doses of abdominal radiation therapy on acute histopathological responses of testicular tissues in @entity0 . Methods: Thirty-three 3-week-old @entity0 albino @entity0 were randomized into 6 groups: group 1 (n = 5), control; group 2 (n = 4), hypofractionated @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of 6 Gy/1 fraction/day for 2 days; group 3 (n = 6), hypofractionated @entity1 of 4 Gy/1 fraction/day for 3 days; group 4 (n = 6), hypofractionated @entity1 of 3 Gy/1 fraction/day for 4 days; group 5 (n = 6), conventionally fractionated @entity1 of 2 Gy/1 fraction/day for 6 days; group 6 (n = 6), conventionally fractionated @entity1 of 1.7 Gy/1 fraction/day for 7 days. Mean epithelial length and diameter of seminiferous tubules of testicular tissues were determined after euthanasia. Results: Initially, a highly significant decrease in both the mean tubular diameter and epithelial height of the seminiferous tubules was demonstrated in all irradiated @entity0 compared with the control group. No significant differences regarding both damage parameters were found between different hypofractionated radiation therapies. Both conventional radiation therapies reduced the epithelial height and mean diameter of the seminiferous tubules to a lesser extent when compared with 6 Gy/1 fraction/day hypofractionated therapy. It was further shown that parameter values were comparable between @entity0 that received 3 Gy/day hypofractionated therapy and @entity0 that received either of the two conventional therapies. Furthermore, although 4 Gy/day hypofractionation decreased tubular diameter and epithelial length to a greater degree compared with the conventional therapy of 1.7 Gy/1 fraction/day, no statistically significant difference was found when compared with conventional therapy of 2 Gy/1 fraction/day. Additionally, no statistically significant difference was demonstrated between the two types of conventional radiotherapy application. Conclusion: The present study demonstrated that hypofractionated abdominal irradiation leads to more prominent tissue damage in the testes than conventional irradiation.

title: Acute histopathological responses of testicular tissues after different fractionated abdominal irradiation in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) is useful for detecting depth of invasion and nodal involvement in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ), precluding endoscopic management. This study aimed to determine whether the lesion morphology of the @entity3 shown on high-resolution endoscopy predicts EUS and histologic @entity1 stage. METHODS: Retrospective series from two tertiary referral centers were studied. @entity0 with @entity3 referred for EUS evaluation before treatment were identified, and data were collected from endoscopies, a database, and case notes. All @entity0 had high-resolution endoscopy followed by radial EUS. RESULTS: This study included 50 @entity0 (22 @entity0 ) with a median age of 69 years (interquartile range, 60-79 years). Visible lesions in the Barrett's segment were described as Paris types 0-1 (n = 9), 0-IIb (n = 12), 0-IIa (n = 12), 0-IIa + IIc (n = 6), and 0-IIc (n = 5). Of the 50 @entity0 , 46 (92%) had either EMR (n = 17), esophagectomy (n = 23), or both (n = 6). All 12 @entity0 (100%) with Paris 0-IIb lesions had T0/T1 m staging on EUS confirmed with resection histology. The sensitivity for EUS T-staging for Paris classification was 71.4% for type 0-I, 100% for type 0-IIb, 83% for type 0-IIa, 66.7% for type 0-IIa + IIc, and 66.7% for type IIc. Overall, 8 (17%) of the 46 @entity0 were understaged and 2 (4%) were overstaged. For detecting submucosal invasion, EUS had a sensitivity of 66%, a specificity of 93%, a negative predictive value of 85%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 84.4%. CONCLUSION: Submucosal invasion is detected by EUS for 26% of @entity0 with @entity3 . The value of EUS staging before resection for type 0-IIb early Barrett's @entity1 ( @entity2 ) is limited because 100% of these lesions are limited to the mucosa. For the management algorithm in this selected cohort, the use of EUS should be reconsidered.

title: High-resolution endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasound for evaluation of early @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: The efficacy of @entity4 for the treatment of @entity3 is evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 37 potent @entity0 , 19 to 70 years old (mean age 41), with @entity3 were treated with 50 mg. oral @entity4 and placebo in a controlled randomized single-blind crossover trial. All @entity0 were either married or in a stable relationship. None of the @entity0 received any formal psychosexual therapy. Chronic open label treatment with @entity4 was continued in 29 @entity0 who had achieved an increase in ejaculatory latency times over pretreatment levels with active drug in the initial crossover study. In an attempt to identify which @entity0 could maintain the improved ejaculatory control after withdrawal of the active drug, serial drug withdrawal was conducted every 4 weeks with drug initiation after a further 2 weeks if improved ejaculatory control was not maintained. RESULTS: The mean pretreatment ejaculatory latency time was 0.3 minute (range 0 to 1). The mean ejaculatory interval after 4 weeks of treatment was 3.2 minutes (range 1 minute to anejaculation) with @entity4 and 0.5 minute (range 0 to 1) with placebo (p <0.001). Intravaginal ejaculation was achieved for the first time in 5 @entity0 with primary @entity3 and 2 @entity0 experienced anejaculation. One @entity0 described minor drowsiness and @entity2 , and 2 @entity0 described mild, transient @entity1 . Staged drug withdrawal allowed 20 of the 29 @entity0 (67%) on chronic open label treatment with @entity4 to discontinue the drug after a mean interval of 7.3 months with a mean ejaculatory latency time of 4.1 minutes (range 1 to 12). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 appears to be a useful agent in the pharmacological treatment of @entity3 .

title: Treatment of XXXX with @entity4 : a single-blind placebo controlled crossover study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) stages 3 to 5, affects 6-7% of the adult population and is an important risk factor for both @entity2 and @entity3 . This paper describes a quality improvement project that aimed to establish consistent implementation of best practice in @entity0 with stage 3-5 @entity2 who were managed in primary care. The intervention was a Care Bundle for @entity4 . The bundle included three evidence-based, high impact interventions based on National Institute for Care Excellence (NICE, 2008) guidance, with an additional and novel self-management element. 29 GP Practices in England and Wales began the study. They undertook training in clinical management of @entity4 and in facilitation of self-management, with the self-management content designed and led by @entity0 . Practices were asked to report baseline and then monthly outcome data extracted from practice computer systems. The project team provided implementation and ongoing quality improvement support for participating Practices. Ten Practices dropped out of the study following the training. Data submissions were incomplete in six Practices who continued to apply the care bundle. At the project end, a decision was taken by the study team to perform the final analysis on those thirteen Practices which completed the project and submitted at least six sets of monthly Practice-level outcome data. In these Practices the Care Bundle was applied to under 20% of the registered @entity4 stage 3 to 5 population in 5 Practices, 20-29% in 3 Practices, 30-49% in 2 Practices and >= 50% in 3 Practices (998 @entity0 in total). Of these, 671 @entity0 (75%) agreed to the self-management component of the intervention. The reliability (at project end) in those who received the Bundle was 100%. The Bundle was applied to an additional 315 @entity0 in the six Practices who completed the project but did not submit regular practice-level monthly data. In the thirteen remaining Practices, the achievement of NICE (2008) blood pressure targets at the start of the project was 74.8% in @entity0 with @entity4 stage 3-5 and no @entity1 and 48% in @entity0 with @entity4 stage 3-5 and @entity1 . At the project end these figures in the same Practices were 76.7% and 49.2% respectively. These improvements were achieved in spite of Practices increasing their recording of prevalence rate (that is, identifying and recording more @entity0 with @entity4 on the Practice @entity4 Register). In conclusion, a care bundle can be implemented in primary care. However, maintaining engagement with primary care health care professionals and maximising exposure to an intervention in @entity0 seen infrequently are significant challenges to generalisation and sustainability.

title: A quality improvement project to improve the effectiveness and @entity0 -centredness of management of @entity0 with mild-to-moderate XXXX in primary care.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: It recently became evident that @entity1 cells undetectable by conventional @entity1 staging are frequently present in bone marrow of @entity0 with apparently localized @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The clinical relevance of this minimal @entity1 cell dissemination is under vigorous debate. METHODS: For @entity1 cell detection in the bone marrow, we used monoclonal antibody CK2 against the epithelial intermediate filament protein @entity3 . The influence of a positive bone marrow finding on clinical outcome was studied in 139 @entity0 with @entity2 postoperatively staged as pT1-4, pN0-2, M0, and R0 after a median follow-up of 66 months (range 48 to 74 months). RESULTS: Cytokeratin-18-positive cells in bone marrow were demonstrated in 83 (59.7%) @entity0 at the time of primary surgery and in 6 of 12 representative @entity0 analyzed twice 3 to 18 months after surgery. In @entity0 without histopathological lymph node metastases (pN0; n = 66), the occurrence of 2 or more @entity1 cells in bone marrow at primary surgery was a strong and independent predictor for overall survival (p = 0.007) in univariate analysis. The multivariate analysis showed a 2.8 times increased risk for shorter survival in @entity0 with disseminated @entity1 cells versus @entity0 without such cells. Four of the 6 @entity0 with a positive cytokeratin status after surgery developed a @entity1 recurrence 11 to 44 months after the operation, while none of the @entity0 with a negative bone marrow at all time intervals showed a @entity1 relapse. CONCLUSIONS: Minimal residual bone marrow involvement is an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in @entity0 with node-negative @entity2 , which may help to identify @entity0 in need of an adjuvant systemic therapy. The postoperative persistence or reappearance of @entity1 cells in bone marrow indicates that these are not only shed cells but rather represent true micrometastasis.

title: @entity1 cells in bone marrow predict reduced survival in node-negative XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The differential diagnosis of groin @entity4 must consider problems of the @entity1 . These nerves may become injured during @entity5 surgery or lower quadrant surgical procedures. To treat @entity2 , it is critical to understand their anatomic variability. In the present study the pattern of cutaneous nerve branches in the inguinal region was investigated through dissection in 64 halves of 32 @entity0 embalmed anatomic specimens. In contrast to usual textual descriptions, four different types of cutaneous branching patterns are identified: type A, with a dominance of genitofemoral nerve in the scrotal/labial and the ventromedial thigh region. In type A, the ilioinguinal nerve gives no sensory contribution to these regions (43.7 percent). In type B, with a dominance of @entity3 shares a branch with the ilioinguinal and gives motor fibers to cremaster muscle in the inguinal canal, but has no sensory branch to the groin (28.1 percent). In type C, with a dominance of genitofemoral nerve, the ilioinguinal nerve has sensory branches to the mons pubis and inguinal crease together with an anteroproximal part of the root of the penis or labia majora. The nerve was found to share a branch with the iliohypogastric nerve (20.3 percent). In type D, cutaneous branches emerge from both the @entity1 . Additionally, the ilioinguinal nerve innervates the mons pubis and inguinal crease together with a very anteroproximal part of the root of the penis or labia majora (7.8 percent). The described patterns of innervation were bilaterally symmetric in 40.6 percent of the cadavers. The anatomic variability of both nerves has implications for all surgeons operating in the groin region and for those caring for the @entity0 with groin @entity4 .

title: Anatomic variability of the @entity1 : implications for the treatment of groin XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. To evaluate the role of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in @entity0 ' prognosis with localized @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Methods. Data from 218 localized @entity3 @entity0 (T1-3 N0/+ M0), operated between 1991 and 2011 at two centers, were evaluated retrospectively. Univariable and multivariable analyses using the Cox regression model were performed to determine the associations of NLR and ANC with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Prognostic accuracy was evaluated with the Harrell concordance index. Results. The 5-year @entity2 rate was 87.0%. Multivariable analysis identified increased NLR (>= 3.6) and ANC (>= 5300/ L) as independent prognostic factors for @entity2 (hazard ratio (HR) = 4.01, P = 0.018) and (HR = 4.71, P = 0.045). The final model built by the addition of NLR or ANC improved predictive accuracy (c-index: 0.824, 0.842) compared with the clinicopathological base model (c-index: 0.800), which included TNM stage and tumor @entity1 . Conclusions. The NLR and ANC appear to be independent prognostic factors for @entity2 after surgery for localized @entity3 . They significantly increase the accuracy of established prognostic factors. Therefore, we recommend adding NLR and ANC to traditional prognostic model, which may improve its predictive accuracy.

title: Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophilia Are Independent Predictors of Recurrence in @entity0 with Localized XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the effects of two different mixtures of the main conjugated @entity10 (CLA) isomers cis-9, trans-11 CLA and trans-10, cis-12 CLA on @entity0 immune function. DESIGN: Double-blind, randomized, parallel, reference-controlled intervention study. SUBJECTS AND INTERVENTION: Seventy-one healthy males aged 31-69 y received one of the following treatments: (1). mixture of 50% c9,t11 CLA and 50% t10,c12 CLA isomers (CLA 50:50); (2). mixture of 80% c9,t11 CLA and 20% t10,c12 CLA isomers (CLA 80:20); and (3). sunflower oil @entity7 (reference). The treatments were given as supplements in softgel capsules providing a total of 1.7 g (c9,t11+t10,c12) CLA @entity7 (50:50) or 1.6 g (c9,t11+t10,c12) CLA glycerides (80:20) per day in treatment groups for 12 weeks. RESULTS: Almost twice as many subjects reached protective antibody levels to @entity8 when consuming CLA 50:50 @entity7 (15/24, 62%) compared with subjects consuming the reference substance (7/21, 33%, P=0.075). In subjects consuming CLA 80:20 glycerides this was 8/22 (36%). Other aspects of immune function, ie DTH responses, NK cell activity, lymphocyte proliferation and production of @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity9 , and @entity6 , were not affected. CONCLUSION: This is the first study that suggests that CLA may beneficially affect the initiation of a specific response to a @entity8 vaccination. This was seen in the CLA 50:50, but not in the CLA 80:20 group.

title: Effects of cis-9, trans-11 and trans-10, cis-12 conjugated @entity10 (CLA) isomers on immune function in healthy XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Vaccination of domestic animals has emerged as an alternative long-term strategy for the control of @entity0 ( @entity0 ). A trial under field conditions was conducted in a @entity0 -free @entity2 herd to assess the safety of the @entity3 BCG vaccine. Eleven kids and 10 milking @entity2 were vaccinated with BCG. Bacterial shedding and @entity4 ) responses were monitored throughout the study. Comprehensive pathological examination and mycobacterial culture of target tissues were performed. BCG vaccine strain was only isolated from the draining lymph node of the injection site of a kid euthanized at week 8 post-vaccination. The remaining animals were euthanized at week 24. Six out of 20 showed small @entity1 at the injection site. BCG shedding was not detected in either faeces or in milk throughout the study. All vaccinated kids showed BCG-induced IFN-y responses at week 8 post-vaccination. BCG vaccination of @entity2 showed no lack of biological safety for the animals, environment and public health, and local adverse reactions were negligible.

title: Assessment of safety and interferon gamma responses of @entity3 BCG vaccine in XXXX kids and milking @entity2 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Limited data are available on the risk of @entity2 in @entity4 and PM. The purpose of this study was to estimate the risk of incident @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 in adults with incident PM/ @entity4 at the general population level. METHODS: We assembled a retrospective cohort of all adults with incident PM/ @entity4 in British Columbia, and we matched up to 10 adults randomly selected from the general population. We estimated the incidence rates (IRs) per 1000 @entity0 -years for @entity3 and @entity1 . We calculated hazard ratios (HRs), adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Among 774 new cases of @entity5 , 424 had PM (59% female, mean age 60 years) and 350 had @entity4 (65% female, mean age 56 years). IRs for @entity3 and @entity1 in PM were 22.52 and 10.15 events per 1000 @entity0 -years, respectively, vs 5.50 and 5.58 events in the comparison cohort, respectively. Fully adjusted HRs (95% CI) were 3.89 (95% CI: 2.28, 6.65) for @entity3 and 1.76 (95% CI: 0.91, 3.40) for @entity1 . The age-, sex- and entry time-matched HRs for @entity3 and @entity1 were highest in the first year after PM diagnosis (6.51, [95% CI: 3.15, 13.47] and 3.48 [95% CI: 1.26, 9.62], respectively). Similar trends were seen for @entity4 . CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates that PM and @entity4 are both associated with an increased risk of @entity3 but not @entity1 . Our findings support increased vigilance in cardiovascular prevention, surveillance and risk modification in adults with PM and @entity4 .

title: Risk of @entity3 and XXXX in adults with polymyositis and dermatomyositis: a general population-based study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Our purpose was to determine the expression of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I and class II gene products as well as the costimulatory molecules @entity5 on cervical epithelial cells, and to determine to what extent inflammatory cytokines regulate their expression. Immunohistology and flow cytometry techniques were used to identify and quantify MHC class I and class II molecules, and the costimulatory molecules @entity5 , on sections and primary epithelial cell cultures of @entity0 endo- and ectocervix. MHC class I but not class II molecules were constitutively expressed on tissue sections and primary epithelial cell cultures derived from endo- and ectocervix. Expression of MHC class I and class II was upregulated in vitro by @entity2 in a time and dose dependent fashion. The induction of class II expression was more pronounced on ectocervical cells than on endocervical cells. MHC class I but not class II expression was also enhanced by @entity4 as well as @entity1 . @entity1 and @entity3 inhibited the @entity2 induced MHC class II expression. Expression of the costimulatory molecules @entity5 were not detected in tissue sections or on resting or cytokine-treated cervical epithelial cells in vitro. The present results support the concept that endo- and ectocervical epithelial cells, like their counterparts at other mucosal sites. constitutively express MHC class I molecules and can express MHC class II upon cytokine stimulation, indicating that they are capable of presenting antigens to T-cells.

title: Cytokine induced modulation of MHC class I and class II molecules on XXXX cervical epithelial cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Considering the negative effects of glucocorticoid treatment, especially during fetal development it is important to investigate effectors decreasing such disadvantages. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prenatally administered @entity1 ( @entity3 ), a synthetic glucocorticoid, on the histomorphometry of the femur in the offspring of spiny @entity0 . The study was performed on 24 pregnant spiny @entity0 . The time of the experiment included the prenatal period between the 20th day of gestation until birth (pregnancy lasts on average of 36-38 days). The @entity0 from the experimental group received @entity1 per os in a dose of 125 mg/kg birth weight daily. At the end, the newborns from the experimental and control group were weighted and euthanized. Maternal @entity3 treatment resulted in a 17% decrease in birth weight in newborns. @entity3 administration significantly reduced the thickness of the @entity2 zone of the growth plate by 34% and total thickness by 8,7%. In addition, @entity3 decreased the number of cells in the articular cartilage by 27% and significantly decreased their diameter by 5%. @entity3 also affected the structure and spatial distribution of thick and thin collagen fibers, lowering the proportion of thin fibers compared with the control group. Moreover, @entity3 treatment considerably lowered the amount of proteoglycans in articular and growth cartilages. Exposure to glucocorticoids in pregnant spiny @entity0 affects cartilage development by accelerating maturity of collagen fibers and growth plate, presumably along with further disruption of longitudinal growth of long bones.

title: The influence of XXXX administered prenatally on cartilage of newborn spiny @entity0 (Acomys cahirinus) offspring.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Splenic macrophages play a key role in regulating cell proliferation during a variety of chronic perturbations of the hematopoietic system. This regulatory activity is in sharp contrast to the activities of inflammatory monocytes/macrophages in that it is not dominated by the secretion of @entity8 or toxic metabolites such as @entity7 . A productive model for studying these nontoxic regulatory activities of splenic macrophages has been provided by macrophages generated in vitro (M phi-c) during autologous spleen cell culture. The M phi-c effectively inhibit (greater than 90%) lymphocyte proliferation by inhibiting G1----S phase progression without inhibiting the production of interleukins by the lymphocytes. Conditioned medium from M phi-c activated with @entity2 + @entity9 effected a similar @entity3 of activated lymphocytes. The involvement of @entity5 in effecting the antiproliferative activity is suggested by (1) the ability of monospecific anti- @entity5 mAB, but not anti- @entity6 , anti-IL-1, anti- @entity0 , or anti- @entity1 , to neutralize the antiproliferative activity in the M phi-c supernatants and (2) the ability of purified @entity5 to effect a similar inhibition of cell proliferation (i.e., @entity3 without inhibition of interleukin production). @entity4 and @entity9 could not effect such an inhibition of cell proliferation and did not synergize with @entity5 in producing such an antiproliferative effect. The M phi-c could be activated to effector function by a combination of @entity2 + @entity9 or @entity4 + @entity9 , but not by any one of those reagents alone. @entity2 alone was sufficient to stimulate @entity0 production by the M phi-c. Activation of the M phi-c by @entity2 + @entity9 could be completely blocked by anti- @entity0 antibodies. These data suggest that the M phi-c can be induced to produce inhibitory levels of cytostatic cytokines by a @entity0 autocrine loop that is @entity1 dependent. The in vivo relevance of this effector mechanism is suggested by, and discussed in the context of, the recent reports of "spontaneous" production of @entity5 during immunological disorders.

title: Evidence for involvement of @entity0 in the induction phase and XXXX in the effector phase of antiproliferative activity of splenic macrophages.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The aim of our study was to estimate the levels of @entity6 (NTP), anti thyroglobulin antibodies (ATG), anti thyroid microsomal antibodies (MAB), immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) and @entity4 in the serum of @entity0 with @entity5 . The clinical material consisted of 71 @entity0 (64 @entity0 and 7 @entity0 ) with @entity2 (30 @entity0 ), @entity1 (33 @entity0 : 22 with @entity3 and 11 with @entity3 ) and @entity5 (8 @entity0 ). The control group consisted of 30 healthy @entity0 . In studied groups the mean serum levels of NTP and @entity4 were in normal range. The highest levels of NTP were found in @entity0 with @entity3 (7.14 +/- 5.95 nmol/l) and with @entity2 (5.13 +/- 3.57 nmol/l). It was statistically significant in comparison with control group (p < 0.05). Anti thyroglobulin antibodies (ATG) were detected in serum of 36 @entity0 (50.7%) and anti thyroid microsomal antibodies (MAB) were in serum of 28 @entity0 (39.4%). Mean levels of these autoantibodies were significantly higher than in control group (< 0.05). In @entity0 with autoantibodies (ATG and/or MAB) mean serum level of NPT was significantly higher than in @entity0 without these autoantibodies (p < 0.05). We did not find a significant correlation between the level of NPT and the levels of ATG and MAB.

title: [Level of @entity6 in blood serum in selected XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Surgical correction for @entity6 is increasingly being performed for @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Reported case series have predominantly included @entity0 with Type I (Hurler) and Type IV (Morquio) @entity4 . To their knowledge, the authors describe the first case report of surgical management of thoracolumbar @entity6 in @entity8 ( @entity4 Type II) and the rare occurrence of @entity10 following surgical stabilization. A 12-year-old @entity0 with @entity8 presented with severe thoracolumbar @entity6 and no associated symptoms. Spinal radiographs demonstrated @entity2 of 48   (T11-L3) and @entity3 of 22   (T11-L3) with an anteriorly hypoplastic @entity7 vertebra. The @entity1 progressed to @entity2 of 60   and @entity3 of 42   prior to surgical intervention. Spinal CT scans identified left T12-L1 facet subluxation, causing anterior rotatory displacement of the spine proximal to @entity7 isthmic spondylolysis with no spondylolisthesis. A combined single-stage anterior and posterior instrumented spinal arthrodesis from T-9 to @entity9 was performed. @entity2 and @entity3 were corrected to 4   and 0  , respectively. Prolonged ventilator support and nasogastric feedings were required for 3 months postoperatively. At 2.5 years following surgery, the @entity0 was asymptomatic, mobilizing independently, and had achieved a solid spinal fusion. However, he had also developed a Grade II spondylolisthesis at L4-5; this was managed nonoperatively in the absence of symptoms or further deterioration of the spondylolisthesis to the 3.5-year postoperative follow-up visit. Satisfactory correction of thoracolumbar @entity6 in @entity8 can be achieved by combined anterior/posterior instrumented arthrodesis. The risk of developing @entity1 or instability in motion segments adjacent to an instrumented fusion may be greater in @entity0 with @entity4 related to the underlying @entity5 .

title: Thoracolumbar @entity6 with unilateral subluxation of the spine and postoperative XXXX in @entity8 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity3 are @entity2 accounting for a high percentage of @entity2 morbidity and mortality in @entity0 and young adults. Surgery and radiation therapy are the accepted treatments for most @entity3 ; however, @entity0 with @entity1 are treated with systemic chemotherapy. Many @entity2 display marginal levels of chemoresponsiveness and new treatment approaches are needed. Deregulation of the G1 checkpoint is crucial for various oncogenic transformation processes, suggesting that many @entity2 cell types depend on @entity8 activity. Thus, @entity8 activity appears to represent a promising therapeutic target for @entity2 treatment. In the present work, we explore the efficacy of @entity7 inhibition using palbociclib ( @entity9 ), a highly selective inhibitor of @entity8 , in a panel of @entity3 cell lines and @entity2 xenografts (PDXs). Palbociclib induces senescence in these cell lines and the responsiveness of these cell lines correlated with their levels of @entity7 mRNA. @entity9 is also active in vivo against @entity3 displaying high levels of @entity7 but not against @entity3 displaying low levels of @entity7 and high levels of @entity5 . The analysis of @entity2 growing after @entity9 showed a clear decrease in the @entity7 levels, indicating that clonal selection occurred in these treated @entity2 . In summary, our data support the efficacy of @entity7 inhibitors against @entity3 displaying increased @entity7 levels, particularly @entity6 and @entity4 . Our results also suggest that high levels of @entity5 may indicate poor efficacy of @entity7 inhibitors.

title: Efficacy of XXXX inhibition against @entity3 depends on their levels of @entity7 and @entity5 mRNA.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: With rising @entity1 , it is becoming increasingly difficult to distinguish between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in young adults. There has been substantial recent progress in identifying the contribution of common genetic variants to @entity3 and @entity4 . We aimed to determine whether a score generated from common genetic variants could be used to discriminate between @entity3 and @entity4 , and also to predict @entity2 in young adults with @entity0 . RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We developed genetic risk scores (GRSs) from published @entity3 - and @entity4 -associated variants. We first tested whether the scores could distinguish clinically defined @entity3 and @entity4 from the Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (WTCCC, n = 3,887). We then assessed if the @entity3 GRS correctly classified young adults (diagnosed at 20-40 years of age, the age group with the most diagnostic difficulty in clinical practice; n = 223) who progressed to @entity2 <3 years from diagnosis. RESULTS: In the WTCCC, the @entity3 GRS, based on 30 @entity3 -associated risk variants, was highly discriminative of @entity3 and @entity4 (area under the curve [AUC] 0.88 [95% CI 0.87-0.89]; P < 0.0001), and the @entity4 GRS added little discrimination (AUC 0.89). A @entity3 GRS >0.280 (>50th centile in those with @entity3 ) is indicative of @entity3 (50% sensitivity, 95% specificity). A low @entity3 GRS (<0.234, <5th centile @entity3 ) is indicative of @entity4 (53% sensitivity, 95% specificity). Most discriminative ability was obtained from just nine single nucleotide polymorphisms (AUC 0.87). In young adults with @entity0 , @entity3 GRS alone predicted @entity2 (AUC 0.87 [95% CI 0.82-0.92]; P < 0.0001). @entity3 GRS, autoantibody status, and clinical features were independent and additive predictors of @entity2 (combined AUC 0.96 [95% CI 0.94-0.99]; P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: A @entity3 GRS can accurately identify young adults with @entity0 who will require insulin treatment. This will be an important addition to correctly classifying individuals with @entity0 when clinical features and autoimmune markers are equivocal.

title: A Type 1 @entity0 Genetic Risk Score Can Aid Discrimination Between Type 1 and Type 2 XXXX in Young Adults.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study investigated age and gender differences in perceived emotional support in @entity0 and adolescents who experienced @entity3 from the time of discovery to 1 year later. Also examined were the relations among sources of support and adjustment and whether support explained resilience, defined as better adjustment over a year's time. METHOD: One hundred and forty-seven sexually abused youth were interviewed at the time of discovery (T1) and 1 year later (T2). Information gathered included severity of the @entity3 , satisfaction with support from caregivers, same-sex and other-sex friends, feelings of shame about the abuse, and attributional style. Youth adjustment was measured using reports from the youth themselves, caregivers, and teachers. RESULTS: @entity0 reported the most satisfaction with support from caregivers followed by friends whereas adolescents reported similar levels of support from friends and caregivers. Satisfaction with support was differentially related to adjustment. Youth who reported more satisfaction with caregiver support at T1, reported less @entity2 , better self-esteem but more @entity1 . More satisfaction with support from friends predicted lower self-esteem but less sexual @entity1 . More satisfaction with initial caregiver support at T1 predicted better parent- and teacher-rated adjustment 1 year later, after controlling for initial adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: In general, initial caregiver emotional support at the time of abuse discovery predicted resilience in @entity0 and adolescent victims of @entity3 . Findings suggested that treatment should include a focus on helping caregivers provide appropriate emotional support.

title: Emotional support and adjustment over a year's time following XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 are represented by a diverse group of compounds. Within this large family of molecules are tissue-selective estrogens that have been classified as selective @entity2 receptor modulators (SERMs). These compounds are characterized by the fact that they exhibit both @entity2 agonist and antagonist activity dependent upon the gene promoter and target tissue being examined. SERMs have been intensively studied over the past decade, especially since one, @entity4 , has been approved for the prevention and treatment of @entity1 . While not a replacement for hormone replacement therapy (HRT), @entity4 can be an alternative to it and other treatments for @entity1 . The ideal SERM would provide the positive benefits associated with HRT without the uterine and breast stimulation. @entity4 does achieve some of the benefits of HRT, specifically on the skeleton and lipid metabolism with no apparent uterine effects, and a potential decreased risk of developing @entity0 associated with @entity4 therapy. However, there are a number of parameters that can be improved. A number of SERMs have been evaluated only to fail in development due to, for the most part, uterine safety issues. In order to develop an improved SERM, a stringent screening process was designed to select compounds that did not stimulate the uterus or breast. At the same time, these new compounds would have a positive impact on the skeleton and lipid metabolism with the additional improvement (over @entity4 ) of a neutral effect on hot flashes. Under these strict conditions, @entity3 was developed and, to date, the preclinical pharmacology data have accurately predicted the clinical response demonstrated in phase I and II trials.

title: Developing a SERM: stringent preclinical selection criteria leading to an acceptable candidate ( XXXX ) for clinical evaluation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) mainly occurs in pubertal @entity0 and is associated with delayed skeletal maturation, @entity1 , high growth velocity and tall stature. Furthermore, @entity3 often coincides with @entity4 . This is the first report of a possible relationship between @entity3 and @entity2 agonist treatment: four @entity0 developed @entity3 during or shortly after treatment with @entity2 agonists was stopped. We compared the clinical aspects of these @entity0 with @entity0 described in the literature who developed @entity3 . Puberty started at the age of 3.3, 9.6, 0.0 and 5.6 years respectively. One @entity0 developed sequential @entity3 of both hips. @entity3 occurred at the age of 11.9 ( @entity0 1), 12.7 ( @entity0 2), 14.3 ( @entity0 2), 11.3 ( @entity0 3) and 11.3 ( @entity0 4) years. Of the five incidences of @entity3 , one occurred during @entity2 agonist treatment and four shortly after treatment was stopped. None of our @entity0 met the typical criteria seen in @entity3 and no 'regular' characteristics of @entity0 with @entity3 could be designated. Probably the hormonal changes during and shortly after treatment with @entity2 agonists make the epiphysis more prone to slip. Considering our observations and by reviewing the literature, @entity2 agonist treatment might present a risk factor for the occurrence of @entity3 .

title: Can XXXX -agonist treatment cause slipped @entity3 ?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the efficacy and mechanism of hemoperfusion (HP) plus hemodialysis (HD) for @entity4 of @entity3 @entity0 on maintenance hemodialysis. METHODS: A total of 66 @entity3 @entity0 on hemodialysis during January 2014 and April 2011 were assigned randomly into HP + HD, @entity1 and high-flux HD groups (n = 22 each). The serum levels of leptin, @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity6 were observed pre and post-treatment. And sensory conduction velocity ( @entity7 ) was detected simultaneously. RESULTS: After 12-week treatment, the clinical symptoms of group HP + HD improved significantly with an effective rate of 90.91% while improvement was not obvious in groups high-flux and @entity1 with effective rates of 31.82% and 13.64%. In HP + HD group, the levels of leptin, @entity5 , @entity2 and b-2MG decreased, sensory conduction velocity increased (P < 0.05) and clinical symptoms improved apparently. While in @entity1 and high-flux HD groups, leptin, @entity5 , @entity2 and b-2MG had no decrease and @entity7 showed no improvement (P > 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the levels of leptin, @entity5 and b-2MG were negatively correlated with @entity7 (r = -0.57, r = -0.47, r = -0.56). Yet @entity2 had no correlation with @entity7 (r = -0.23). CONCLUSION: Hemoperfusion plus hemodialysis may improve the clinical symptoms of @entity4 of @entity3 @entity0 on maintenance hemodialysis. And it is probably due to the fact that HP + HD effectively removes such plasma middle and macromolecular toxins as leptin, @entity5 , @entity2 and b-2MG.

title: [Efficacy and mechanism of hemoperfusion plus hemodialysis for @entity4 of XXXX @entity0 on maintenance hemodialysis].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of the complement regulatory protein cluster of differentiation  55 ( @entity6 ) in the pathogenesis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Healthy adult male C57BL/6J @entity2 were intraperitoneally injected with @entity5 (STZ) in order to induce @entity1 . Peripheral blood @entity4 and protein, and the mRNA expression levels of C3 and @entity6 in the spinal cord were determined. In addition, the behaviors of these @entity2 were observed. The results showed that STZ  -treated @entity2 displayed the clinical manifestations of @entity0 , and that their peripheral blood @entity4 was markedly increased. On the 21st and 28th  days following the STZ injection, the mechanical @entity3 threshold and thermal @entity3 threshold of the @entity2 were dramatically reduced (P<0.05).  Additionally, 14  days post  -STZ injection, the mRNA expression of C3 in the spinal cord was significantly increased, which continued for 28  days. On the 21st and 28th  days, the number of C3 positive cells in the spinal cord was markedly increased. Seven days after the STZ injection, the number of cells positive for @entity6 was markedly reduced in the spinal dorsal horn and subsequently remained at a low level. The mRNA expression of @entity6 also was significantly reduced (P<0.05) and remained so for 28  days. The reduction in the expression levels of @entity6 occurred earlier than the changes in the expression of C3, suggesting that the downregulation of @entity6 expression precedes, and has an important role regarding, the activation of C3 in the occurrence and development of @entity1 .

title: A preliminary study on the role of the complement regulatory protein, cluster of differentiation  55, in @entity2 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) demographic features, clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment outcome and disease-specific prognostic factors were unexplored comprehensively. METHODS: SEER program was used to identify @entity0 diagnosed with @entity4 from 1973 to 2012. Overall collected data were analyzed by using the SPSS 18.0. RESULTS: In total, 804 cases were found including 613 cases with @entity4 -specific mortality and 801 @entity0 were analyzed for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The 3-year @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 5-year @entity2 and 10-year @entity2 were 73.3%, 65.7% and 53.3%. The 3-year @entity3 , 5-year @entity3 and 10-year @entity3 were 71.9%, 63.3% and 47.3%. In the multivariate survival analysis, the age > 51 years (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.851 for @entity2 , P = 0.024 and HR = 1.652 for @entity3 , P = 0.033; Reference [Ref]  <= 51 years for @entity2 and  <= 53 years for @entity3 ), SEER stage metastasized @entity1 (HR = 4.269 for @entity2 , P = 0.000 and HR = 2.905 for @entity3 , P = 0.028, Ref - localized + regional @entity1 ), pathologic grade III + IV (HR = 2.734 for @entity2 , P = 0.001 and HR = 2.585 for @entity3 , P = 0.000, Ref - grade I + II) were adversely associated with @entity2 and @entity3 . In addition, surgery was favorably associated with @entity2 (HR = 0.217, P = 0.045, Ref - surgery + radiotherapy). CONCLUSIONS: The surgery was an independent prognostic factor for @entity2 . The @entity0 's age, SEER stage and pathologic grade were @entity4 -specific independent prognostic indicators for @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: The demographic features, clinicopathologic characteristics, treatment outcome and disease-specific prognostic factors of solitary XXXX : a population-based analysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the association between body mass index (BMI) and male @entity5 ( @entity1 ) in a Chinese Han population. METHODS: The association of BMI with @entity1 was assessed in 276 Chinese healthy aged males for physical examination. They were classified into @entity1 , @entity3 and normal groups according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria, i.e. @entity1 was defined arbitrarily when any T-score was -2.5 standard deviations or less at femoral neck, total hip or lumbar spine ( @entity2 ) site. We also classified the subjects as different BMI groups of low weight, normal weight, @entity4 and @entity0 . The prevalence of @entity1 was compared among different BMI groups. We determined the sensitivity, specificity and area under the curve of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) for validating the valuation of BMI to predict male primary @entity1 . RESULTS: Among them, 6/12 had @entity1 in the low weight group, 17.36% (21/121) in the normal group and 12.59% (18/143) in the @entity4 and @entity0 group. And the difference was significant. The analysis of ROC curve showed that BMI was of limited value in predicting @entity1 (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: BMI has a positive correlation with male @entity1 . The value of BMI is limited for predicting @entity1 in males. And the relevant factors associated with male @entity1 should to be further studied.

title: [Association of body mass index and male XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: Here we examined the addition of intensity-modulated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) delivered using a linear accelerator to a myeloablative chemotherapy conditioning regimen before allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). In this phase I study, we enrolled 14 @entity0 with high-risk @entity3 who received escalating doses of @entity2 at 3  Gy (n  =  3), 6  Gy (n  =  3), 9  Gy (n  =  6), and 12  Gy (n  =  2) in combination with intravenous (i.v.) @entity5 160  mg/m(2) and targeted @entity4 (area under the curve, 4800   M*minute). Peripheral blood mobilized stem cells were obtained from HLA-matched related (n  =  9) or unrelated (n  =  4) or 1 antigen-mismatched unrelated (n  =  1) donors. All @entity0 rapidly engrafted and recovered their immune cells. Overall, Bearman extrahematologic @entity1 were limited to grades 1 or 2, with @entity6 grade 1 in 64% and grade 2 in 36% of the @entity0 . With a median follow-up of 1126  days (range, 362 to 1469) for living @entity0 , the overall survival was 50% and relapse-free survival was 43%. Of 7 deaths, 3 were due to relapse and 4 to transplantation-related complications. We conclude that 9  Gy @entity2 can be combined with myeloablative chemotherapy in the design of new preparative regimens for HSCT. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00988013.

title: Combination of Linear Accelerator-Based Intensity-Modulated Total Marrow Irradiation and Myeloablative XXXX / @entity4 : A Phase I Study.

answer: @entity5