abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine whether maternal reports of @entity0 eating behaviors are stable over time and whether eating behaviors are prospectively associated with @entity1 . METHODS: In an ongoing study of @entity0 growth, weight and length were measured at 2 weeks, 3 months, and 5 months of age. Food responsiveness (FR), satiety responsiveness (SR), enjoyment of feeding (EF), and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were assessed with the Baby Eating Behavior Questionnaire. Repeated measures ANOVA was used to examine changes in eating behaviors from 2 weeks to 5 months. Simple Pearson correlations examined associations among eating behaviors across time and associations of eating behaviors with subsequent change in weight-for-length z-scores. RESULTS: Among 31 @entity0 studied from 2 weeks to 3 months, FR and SR remained consistent (P   <   0.05), and among 21 @entity0 studied from 3 to 5 months, FR, EF, and @entity2 were consistent (P   <   0.01). @entity0 ate more quickly (P   <   0.01) and tended to have greater SR with age (P   =   0.09). Only @entity2 at 3 months was associated with subsequent gain in weight-for-length (P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with previous research, @entity2 was predictive of @entity1 during infancy. Given that eating behaviors were largely consistent after 3 months of age, it may be important to encourage the development of healthy eating behaviors during early infancy.

title: Prospective associations of eating behaviors with @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To summarise the reported @entity6 cases associated with @entity5 from the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) and estimate the incidence of @entity5 -associated @entity6 (MALA) in Australia. METHOD: All " @entity6 " cases associated with @entity5 and reported to the TGA between January 1971 and October 2014 were included. Data extracted included @entity0 demographics, medical history and co-existing conditions, @entity5 dosage and relevant pathology results. RESULT: A total of 152 cases of suspected MALA were included in this study. For 20 @entity0 the outcome was unknown. There were 23 @entity0 (n=132, 17.4%) reported as deceased. Plasma @entity3 levels were higher in non-survivors (p=0.02). Thirty-five @entity0 (n=132, 26.5%) were reported to have at least one pre-existing contraindication to the use of @entity5 ; this proportion was not different between @entity0 who died or survived. @entity1 was the most common contraindication. Approximately 75% of @entity0 were reported to have at least one clinical condition which might cause @entity2 . @entity5 dosage, plasma @entity3 and serum @entity4 were not correlated. Based on the cases reported to the TGA, the incidence of MALA in Australia was estimated to be 2.3 (95% CI, 1.5-3.1) cases per 100,000 @entity0 -years between 1997 and 2011. CONCLUSION: Pre-existing clinical conditions, such as @entity1 , and acute illnesses associated with @entity6 were frequently reported in the cases of MALA. The estimated incidence of MALA was lower than in most previous studies in other countries, probably due to the nature of spontaneous reports to the TGA.

title: Adverse event notifications implicating @entity5 with XXXX in Australia.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The pattern of @entity2 (PSA) testing in clinical practice is largely unknown; it may be used either in asymptomatic @entity0 or in the work-up of @entity0 with urinary or other symptoms. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of PSA testing in clinical practice for @entity0 diagnosed with stage @entity1 in a region with no formal screening programme. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Using the Primary @entity1 Register for Northern Sweden, all cases of stage @entity1 diagnosed between 1992 and 1999 in the city of Ume   were identified. The cause of PSA testing was assessed by examining the medical records. @entity0 were categorized as asymptomatic, having lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) or having symptoms other than LUTS. Prospective registration of the cause of PSA testing in the entire region of Northern Sweden started in 2000. RESULTS: We found that in Ume   only 32/213 (15%) cases diagnosed with @entity1 were asymptomatic at the time of PSA testing, 55% of @entity0 had a PSA test as part of a work-up for LUTS and 30% had other symptoms. In 2000, 126 cases of stage @entity1 were diagnosed in the entire region and 20/126 (16%) of these @entity0 were asymptomatic. CONCLUSIONS: PSA testing was mostly used as a tool in the work-up of symptomatic @entity0 in Ume   and also in the region of Northern Sweden. Further studies in other populations are needed.

title: Population-based study of XXXX testing and @entity1 detection in clinical practice in northern Sweden.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study @entity10 , a progressive, rapid and high mortality condition, caused by @entity4 (GRAGD) and its appropriate diagnosis and treatment. METHODS: The etiology, pathology, clinical manifestations and experiences in 3 @entity0 with GRAGD were reviewed. RESULTS: Case 1: After diagnosing GRAGD and stabilizing her @entity8 with massive fluid replacement, gastrostomy was performed. Her postoperative course was uneventful because of fasting, suction, fluid infusion, correction of @entity7 and supporting nutrition. Case 2: After diagnosing @entity4 which subsided with conservative therapy for 9 days, she suddenly had @entity10 when she had not eaten for 6 days. She died of @entity8 and had no chance for surgery. Case 3: The @entity0 had sudden @entity5 with severe @entity8 for 4 days. Emergency surgery found @entity10 and the method was the same as Case 1. The @entity0 survived but has @entity2 . Case 1 and 3 showed multifocal transmural @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Symptoms like @entity9 , bulimia, changes in kind of food, X-ray showing large distended stomach and massive @entity6 were seen after @entity10 and can help to diagnose this condition. Clinical course of @entity4 with @entity3 progresses rapidly, however subsequent @entity10 exacerbates the @entity8 and makes the treatment difficult treatment. It is extremely important that a laparotomy be performed at once after stabilizing @entity8 with massive fluid replacement. Postoperative nutritional support and fluid replacement will increase survival. It is very important that when @entity4 disappears after conservative therapy, the doctor should assess carefully whether the gastric wall recovery is under way by using effective methods of examination.

title: @entity10 caused by XXXX in non-neonatal @entity0 : clinical analysis of 3 cases.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Subendocardial, nontransmural, or non-Q-wave @entity5 (NQM) carries a serious prognosis. Many previous studies of NQMI include only @entity0 without new Q waves at the time of @entity7 . Since the site of transmural MI (by Q waves) has implications concerning extent of @entity6 , we wondered what the extent of @entity3 and @entity6 is among acute MI @entity0 who have neither new nor old Q waves. Furthermore, we sought to determine whether ST-T wave patterns or resting LV ejection fraction (EF), alone or combined, could separate NQMI @entity0 with significant @entity3 from those with normal or nearly normal coronaries. Therefore, we retrospectively examined angiographic and electrocardiographic data in 55 symptomatic @entity0 with NQMI. ST-T wave patterns on admission were classified as either @entity1 (transient ST elevation, persistent horizontal ST @entity4 , or persistent deep T wave inversion) or nonspecific. Eleven @entity0 (20%) had normal or nearly normal coronaries (N); ten @entity0 (18%) had one, seven @entity0 (13%) had two, and 19 @entity0 (34%) had three vessel @entity3 ; eight @entity0 (15%) had left main (LM) disease. Six of the 11 N @entity0 had ergonovine tests and all six were negative. Segmental LV wall motion abnormalities (WMA) were commonly observed; however, diffuse LVWMA were present only among @entity0 with three vessel and LM disease. EF was below 0.50 in 48% of @entity0 with three vessel or LM disease. Although @entity1 wave patterns were more common (P less than 0.05) among @entity0 with significant @entity3 than among N @entity0 , neither the ST-T wave pattern nor EF, alone or in combination, allowed confident @entity8 @entity0 from significant @entity3 @entity0 . We conclude 1) A large proportion of NQMI @entity0 have @entity2 , or normal or nearly normal coronaries. 2) Despite the absence of Q waves, @entity6 is common and the degree of @entity6 is worse among @entity0 with more extensive @entity3 . 3) NQMI @entity0 who may have normal or nearly normal coronaries cannot be reliably separated from NQMI @entity0 with significant @entity3 on the basis of ST-T wave patterns or resting LVEF. 4) Coronary angiography appears warranted to assess the extent of @entity3 in symptomatic NQMI @entity0 .

title: Electrocardiographic ST-T wave patterns, extent of coronary artery disease, and left ventricular performance following non-Q-wave XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Half of all bariatric surgical procedures are in @entity0 of childbearing age. Surgery may improve fertility yet exacerbate @entity7 , that may be disadvantageous to the fetus. A frequently encountered subgroup of @entity2 @entity0 have @entity4 2 @entity1 . The health risks, to both mother and @entity0 , of @entity1 in pregnancy are well described including 4.7* risk of @entity6 and 2* risk of @entity3 . What is not clear is whether bariatric surgery mitigates or complicates the health consequences of @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity1 in pregnancy. In addition the influence of the @entity4 of surgery, the optimal interval between surgery and conception and evidence based preconception recommendations are unknown. This study complements wider research aiming to inform optimal management of this @entity0 population. Obese @entity1 @entity0 require clear guidance regarding pregnancy planning after surgery. This study will develop an understanding of the barriers and facilitators ( @entity5 , behavioural, attitudinal and nutritional) to achieving effective pre-pregnancy health and care in @entity0 with @entity4 2 @entity1 who have undergone metabolic surgery. Currently @entity0 's perception of fertility issues and risks after bariatric surgery is unknown and thus a qualitative interpretive paradigm was chosen. Interviews with the target population will explore decision-making processes; experience regarding metabolic surgery and perceived pregnancy risk. Interviews with a broad range of health professionals involved in bariatric care will include rationale for selected surgical procedure and post surgery referral processes e.g. contraceptive care. This will advance understanding of how to provide targeted support and monitoring.

title: Pregnancy after XXXX surgery (PADOS): Qualitative study of pre-pregnancy care.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This study investigated the safety, effectiveness, and clinical and radiological outcomes of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) for recurrent @entity2 (rLDH) following previous lumbar spine surgery. Seventy-three consecutive @entity0 treated for rLDH between June 2005 and May 2012 were included in the study. The previous surgical procedures included percutaneous discectomy, discectomy with laminotomy, discectomy with unilateral laminectomy, and discectomy with bilateral laminectomy. The level of rLDH was L4-L5 in 51 @entity0 , L5-S1 in 19 @entity0 , and L3-L4 in three @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent reoperation using the @entity4 technique. Outcomes were evaluated using the Oswestry disability index (ODI), visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for @entity3 and @entity1 , and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score, based on the results of physical examinations and questionnaires. The range of motion and disc height index of the operative segment were compared between preoperative and postoperative radiographs. The mean follow-up period was 4.1years. The VAS scores for @entity3 and @entity1 , ODI, and JOA score improved significantly between the preoperative and final follow-up evaluations. The mean recovery rate of the JOA score was 89.0%. The disc space height and stability at the fused level were significantly improved after surgery. The fusion rate at the final follow-up was 93.2%. There were no major complications. These results indicate that @entity4 can be considered an effective, reliable, and safe alternative procedure for the treatment of rLDH.

title: Four-year follow-up results of XXXX as revision surgery for recurrent @entity2 after conventional discectomy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 274 Background: Hospital readmissions have recently been identified as a benchmark for quality of care. @entity5 surgeries are complex and associated with higher rates of post-operative complications and hospital readmissions. Identifying factors associated with readmission could allow for strategies to reduce readmissions. METHODS: @entity0 undergoing pancreatic (n=43), esophageal (n=20), gastric (n=14), and rectal (n=22) @entity1 resections were evaluated to assess if initial inpatient post-operative complications predispose @entity0 to hospital readmission within 30 days. @entity0 ' charts were audited by a clinical quality specialist and complications stratified by using the Clavien Classification Schema. Hospital readmission causes were categorized as surgical procedure specific, general @entity2 , @entity6 , or general medical problem. Data were analyzed using the @entity7 's Exact test. RESULTS: A total of 99 @entity0 underwent @entity5 resections (Male:female 56:43, median age 65) between January 2010 and April 2012, and 20% were readmitted within 30 days. Of those readmitted, six had no complications in the initial hospitalization, eight had minor complications, and six had major complications, Table. When examining reasons for readmission, the majority of @entity0 were surgical procedure specific (50%), such as @entity4 or @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that @entity2 during initial hospitalization did not predict hospital readmissions. Readmissions, however, appear related to surgical specific complications that develop after an uneventful initial hospitalization. The goal of shorter hospitalizations following complex @entity5 surgery may result in unavoidable readmissions related to delayed presentation of procedure specific complications. [Table: see text].

title: @entity2 as a predictor of 30-day hospital readmission following gastrointestinal XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The ethnically diverse Collaborative Longitudinal Evaluation of Ethnicity and @entity2 (CLEERE) Study cohort provides a unique opportunity to explore associations among intraocular pressure (IOP), ethnicity, and @entity2 while adjusting for potential confounding variables. METHODS: Mixed linear models were used to examine the effect of age, @entity2 (cycloplegic auto-refraction), ethnicity, sex, and measurement protocol on IOP (Tono-pen) in 3777 @entity0 , aged 6 to 14 years at their first CLEERE visit (1995-2009). @entity0 who became myopic during follow-up were used to examine the relationship between time since @entity1 onset and IOP. Clinically meaningful differences in IOP were preset at >2 mm Hg. RESULTS: IOP differed among @entity2 with higher IOP in @entity0 with low/moderate @entity1 than those with high @entity3 (differences <1 mm Hg). There was a statistically significant relationship between age and IOP that depended on ethnicity (interaction p < 0.0001) and measurement protocol (interaction p < 0.0001). The relationship between sex and IOP depended on measurement protocol (interaction p = 0.0004). For @entity0 who became myopic during follow-up, the adjusted mean IOP showed a significant decline for only Asian (p = 0.024) and white @entity0 (p = 0.004). As with other statistically significant results, these changes in mean adjusted IOPs from 2 years before to 2 years after @entity1 onset were <2 mm Hg. CONCLUSIONS: Small but significant differences in IOP by @entity2 were found in this ethnically diverse cohort of @entity0 . Relationships between IOP and age, ethnicity, sex, and measurement protocol were complicated by significant interactions between these parameters. Longitudinal analysis of @entity0 before and after @entity1 onset showed changes in IOP over time that varied by ethnicity. Higher IOPs before and at @entity1 onset were not present in all ethnic groups, with differences before and after onset too small to suggest a role for IOP in the onset of @entity1 .

title: Intraocular pressure, ethnicity, and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To demonstrate the protective effect of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) signaling on the cardiovascular system, we conducted this study to show that the @entity8 analog (lixisenatide) could inhibit @entity4 ( @entity4 ) development in @entity2 . METHODS: Lixisenatide was injected subcutaneously 7  days after @entity3 preparation. We evaluated reactive @entity1 species (ROS) expression by @entity7 staining and @entity9 ( @entity9 ; the oxidation product of DNA) by immunohistochemical staining. We also analyzed the effect of @entity6 signaling on the inflammatory response. Histopathological examination was done on day 28, and the @entity4 dilatation ratio was calculated. RESULTS: On day 14, ROS expression and @entity9 -positive cells in the @entity3 walls were seen to have been significantly decreased by lixisenatide treatment. Western blot analysis showed decreased @entity5 expression. There was significantly reduced @entity0 necrosis factor-a mRNA expression in the @entity3 walls and @entity10 -positive cell infiltration in the @entity3 walls. On day 28, it was evident that the lixisenatide had dramatically reduced @entity3 development in the @entity2 . CONCLUSION: @entity6 elevation inhibits @entity4 development in @entity2 through its anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Thus, @entity6 could be a potent pharmacological target for @entity4 treatment.

title: @entity6 prevented XXXX development in @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Serum @entity3 (AG) and @entity4 ( @entity5 ) concentrations were measured by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) in 24 postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity0 receiving increasing doses of oral AG. @entity1 received 62.5 mg b.d., 125 mg b.d., 250 mg b.d., and 500 mg b.d. of AG alone, and 500 mg b.d. of AG combined with @entity2 (HC) 20 mg b.d. Dose was increased at monthly intervals. Each dose increment was accompanied by a significant rise in serum AG and @entity5 levels (P less than 0.05). The addition of HC to the dose of 500 mg b.d. of AG did not alter serum AG or @entity5 concentrations significantly. Although serum AG and @entity5 levels appeared to increase linearly with dose, serum @entity5 increased significantly more slowly, leading to a fall in the @entity5 :AG ratio during therapy. The @entity5 :AG ratio appeared to stabilise only after about 6 months of treatment.

title: Observations on the pharmacokinetics of low dose @entity3 in XXXX with @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 28-year-old @entity0 , gravida 7, para 6, was referred at 21 weeks' gestation to our ultrasound unit because of bilateral fetal lower limb @entity1 diagnosed previously. Ultrasonography showed a constriction ring around both legs, and, with the aid of color Doppler, arterial flow was demonstrated in both legs beneath the constriction ring. Subsequent examinations during the 24th and 28th weeks revealed absence of flow below the constriction ring of the right leg and decreased flow in the left leg. This was followed by the gradual bending, breaking and resorption of the tibia and fibula of the right leg. Between weeks 30 and 34, gradual shrinkage of the remains of the right leg beneath the knee was recorded by serial ultrasonic observations. At the 38th week of gestation, a male @entity0 was born by normal vaginal delivery. Examination at birth revealed amputation of the right leg below the knee, with a denuded end of the stump. There was a partial amputation of the left leg below the knee, with tissue continuity being maintained by the posterior neurovascular bundle, and a posterior strip of skin. The left foot was extremely @entity1 , with an area of @entity2 dorsally. This case afforded us the opportunity of in utero following of natural limb amputation in the @entity3 .

title: Limb amputation in XXXX : serial ultrasonographic and Doppler observations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Current veterinary standards of biomedical research support include refinements in animal models that are targeted at enhancing humane care and decreasing inter-animal variability. This ultimately results in fewer numbers of animals being used and reduction in animal experimentation through mitigation of waste as well as faster research results. @entity5 -lesioning of the substantia nigra using a stereotactic frame device is a common procedure and is routinely performed under pentobarbital anaesthesia with monitoring by 8 h workforces. Our programme supports the humane care and use of several protocols involving the unilateral stereotactic-lesioning of @entity3 for the purposes of creating research models of @entity4 . Such procedures are commonly performed as unilateral in order to minimize aphagia and other untoward effects of the lesion. Generally, this procedure is considered minor because it involves a small incision, a cranial burrhole, and penetration of the dura. @entity2 and/or irritation of the ear canal can occur secondarily to the earbar placement procedure. @entity0 @entity0 undergoing similar procedures typically complain of @entity1 from loss of intracranial pressure; which is a transient outcome. Despite the perception of minor insult, we provided aggressive periprocedural care, and our veterinary staff documented weight loss that was often greater than 15% body weight during the first 3 days. The goal of this study was to evaluate refinements to improve this outcome. For humane concerns, and because of the need to begin experimental testing one week following surgery, a goal in the recent past has been to enhance outcome for researchers and animals by refining postoperative support modalities as well as by seeking the best anaesthetic regimen to shorten postoperative deviations from baseline. Analysis of three groups of @entity3 @entity0 lesioned by the same investigative group over the course of refinements made in our programme indicate that an early return of homeostasis was achieved by the use of inhalation anaesthetics as replacements for barbiturates in these models. Comparison with pentobarbital recipients also indicated that homeostasis is achieved earlier when barbiturates are utilized with fluid therapy and analgesics immediately after operative procedures rather than the next morning.

title: Retrospective comparison of XXXX recovery weights using inhalation and injectable anaesthetics, nutritional and fluid supplementation for right unilateral neurosurgical lesioning.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Hospital autopsy service workers and a matched control group were studied using a battery of genetic monitoring tests performed on samples of blood, semen and urine. The results of the analysis of urine for mutagens are described in this report. The @entity0 in the study were matched with the controls for sex, age and their use of @entity2 , @entity3 and marijuana. Information was collected on general health, usage of medications and any exposure which might affect the outcome of the study. Individuals were sampled three times at approximately two month intervals. Time weighed average exposures to @entity4 in the work areas were estimated at 0.61 to 1.32 ppm. Additionally, studies were carried out which examined various parameters affecting the testing of @entity0 urine samples for mutagenicity. No increase in mutagenicity was seen in the autopsy workers as compared to the control group. One individual who was receiving @entity5 and one control who smoked two packs of cigarettes per day had significantly mutagenic urine. A large proportion of the exposed individuals had toxic urine while only two of the control individuals had similar toxic urine. The material responsible for the @entity1 has been isolated and purified but does not appear to be related to the @entity4 exposure. Studies on the parameters affecting mutagenicity testing of urine with @entity6 suggest that in the plate incorporation assay, TA100, but not TA98, can be affected by exogenous @entity7 . Furthermore, with the conditions employed in this study, 3 to 4% of labeled @entity7 added to urine samples was retained by the XAD-2 and subsequently eluted in the urine concentrate. Urinary @entity7 levels of unconcentrated samples ranged from 112 to 2614 nmol per ml (mean 994 nmol per ml) and the amount of @entity7 present correlated with the corresponding increases in @entity7 revertants with strain TA100.

title: Absence of mutagenicity in the urine of autopsy service workers exposed to XXXX : factors influencing mutagenicity testing of urine.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is frequently observed in @entity0 with @entity3 undergoing @entity4 ( @entity4 ) biopsy. Conflicting data regarding the prognostic association of @entity5 in @entity4 -negative @entity0 have been reported. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic role of @entity5 in @entity0 with negative @entity4 biopsy. METHODS: Retrospective data from 656 @entity3 @entity0 who underwent a @entity4 biopsy (1991-2012) at six Italian centers were gathered in a multicenter database. @entity5 was defined as lymphoscintigraphic and intraoperative identification of an @entity4 in more than one nodal basin. Clinical and pathologic variables were recorded and analyzed for their impact on survival. RESULTS: @entity4 -negative @entity0 with @entity5 were at lower risk of @entity3 recurrence [hazard ratio (HR) 0.73, P  =  0.05) and @entity2 (HR 0.68, P  =  0.001) independent of common staging features. Multivariable Cox analyses of disease-free interval (DFI) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) showed that @entity5 maintained a favorable role and ulceration an unfavorable role. Histologic regression was independently associated only with DFI. When survival was stratified according to presence of @entity5 , histologic regression and Breslow thickness <2  mm were associated with improved DFI (5-year DFI: 96.9 vs. 66,1  %, respectively; HR 0.48, P  <  0.001) and @entity1 (5-year @entity1 : 96.7 vs. 71.8  %, respectively; HR 0.52, P  =  0.005) compared to @entity0 without these three favorable parameters. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with negative @entity4 biopsy results have better prognosis when two or more lymphatic basins are identified and analyzed. Further research is required to investigate the mechanisms behind this evidence.

title: Prognostic Role of Multiple Lymphatic Basin Drainage in Sentinel Lymph Node-Negative @entity3 XXXX : A Multicenter Study from the Italian @entity3 Intergroup.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although viral vector systems are efficient to transfect foreign genes into blood vessels, safety issues remain in relation to @entity0 gene therapy. In this study, we examined the feasibility of a novel nonviral vector system by using high-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound irradiation for transfection into blood vessels. METHODS AND RESULTS: Luciferase plasmid mixed with or without echo contrast microbubble (Optison) was transfected into cultured @entity0 vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and endothelial cells (EC) with the use of ultrasound. Interestingly, luciferase activity was markedly increased in both cell types treated with Optison. We then transfected luciferase plasmid mixed with Optison by means of therapeutic ultrasound into @entity2 artery. Two days after transfection, luciferase activity was significantly higher in carotid artery transfected with luciferase gene with Optison and ultrasound than with plasmid alone. In addition, we transfected an anti-oncogene ( @entity6 ) plasmid into carotid artery after @entity3 as a model of gene therapy for @entity5 . Two weeks after transfection, the intimal-to-medial area ratio in @entity2 transfected with wild-type @entity6 plasmid complexed with Optison by means of ultrasound was significantly decreased as compared with control, accompanied by a significant increase in @entity6 protein. No apparent @entity4 such as @entity1 could be detected in blood vessels transfected with plasmid DNA with ultrasound and Optison. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, we demonstrated that an ultrasound transfection method with Optison enhanced transfection efficiency of naked plasmid DNA into blood vessels without any apparent @entity4 . Transfection of @entity6 plasmid with the use of this method should be useful for safe clinical gene therapy without a viral vector system.

title: Local delivery of plasmid DNA into XXXX carotid artery using ultrasound.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 are a major cause of @entity1 -related morbidity and mortality. Developing new therapeutics for these @entity1 is difficult, as many of these @entity1 are not easily grown in standard culture conditions. Neurosphere cultures under serum-free conditions and orthotopic xenografts have expanded the range of @entity1 that can be maintained. However, many types of @entity4 remain difficult to propagate or study. This is particularly true for pediatric @entity4 such as @entity3 and @entity5 . This protocol describes a system that allows primary @entity0 @entity4 to be grown in culture. This quantitative assay can be used to investigate the effect of microenvironment on @entity1 growth, and to test new drug therapies. This protocol describes a system where fluorescently labeled @entity4 cells are grown on an organotypic brain slice from a juvenile @entity2 . The response of @entity1 cells to drug treatments can be studied in this assay, by analyzing changes in the number of cells on the slice over time. In addition, this system can address the nature of the microenvironment that normally fosters growth of @entity4 . This @entity4 organotypic slice co-culture assay provides a propitious system for testing new drugs on @entity0 @entity1 cells within a brain microenvironment.

title: A XXXX /Organotypic Slice Co-culture System for Studying Tumor Microenvironment and Targeted Drug Therapies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The study aims to demonstrate the presence of a fibrous or fibromuscular ring structure within the wall of the sacs of @entity1 in @entity0 and its importance in the development of incarceration as a direct cause of this complication. A case series study of 784 @entity0 with unilateral inguinal @entity2 operated on over a period of 9 years (1992-2000) in two teaching hospitals (Mosul, Iraq). All underwent herniotomy. The sacs were examined for the presence of a ring structure, and the excised sacs containing the rings were studied histopathologically. The presence of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and its significance in the causation of incarceration was studied. Out of 784 cases, 660 were elective and 124 incarcerated @entity2 . In 56 sacs the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was present - 36 rings in the elective and 20 rings in the sacs of incarcerated @entity2 . The histopathology of the @entity2 was fibrous or fibromuscular tissue. This ring has its significance in the development of incarceration. @entity2 with the @entity2 are three times more liable to incarceration than those without the ring. Incarcerations of @entity1 in @entity0 are usually caused by the inguinal rings. Another cause for incarceration being studied is a fibrous or fibromuscular ring structure identified within the wall of the hernial sac, causing the incarceration in 5.6% of elective (nonincarcerated) @entity2 and 16% of @entity2 @entity0 . @entity0 with these hernia sac rings are three times more liable to incarceration than others.

title: A constricting ring structure within the wall of the @entity1 in @entity0 and XXXX and its role in the occurrence of incarceration.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Machine perfusion with oxygenated preservation solution can support donor heart metabolism but the preservation solution should contain an oxidizable substrate to improve cellular energetics. We hypothesized that myocardial metabolism can be influenced by exogenous substrates in the preservation solution. METHODS: Eight groups of isolated @entity1 hearts (n = 4/group) were perfused with University of Wisconsin Machine Perfusion Solution containing @entity3 13 ( @entity8 ) labeled @entity2 (2.5 mM, 5 mM, 10 mM, or 20 mM) or @entity5 (5 mM, 10 mM, 20 mM, or 40 mM). Hearts were perfused at 0.5 mL/min for 6 h at 8  C, and myocardial @entity0 consumption (MVO(2)) was measured. At end-perfusion, magnetic resonance spectroscopy was performed on ventricular extracts to determine the contribution of exogenous, labeled substrate to glycolysis and oxidative metabolism by @entity8 incorporation into metabolic intermediates. RESULTS: MVO(2) and perfusion conditions did not differ amongst groups. Exogenous @entity2 was metabolized by anaerobic glycolysis and contributed little to oxidative metabolism as measured by @entity8 incorporation into metabolic intermediates. @entity5 led to greater @entity4 enrichment via the @entity4 dehydrogenase reaction. Enrichment of @entity7 ( @entity6 ) cycle intermediates was also greater in all @entity5 groups compared with @entity2 -containing groups (P < 0.05). Anaplerosis was increased in all @entity5 groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The preservation solution substrate composition influences myocardial substrate metabolism during machine perfusion preservation of donor hearts. Exogenous @entity2 is a minor substrate in machine perfused myocardium, is primarily metabolized by glycolysis and does not contribute appreciably to oxidative metabolism. @entity5 appears more effective in supporting myocardial metabolism. Further experiments examining the influences of substrate modifications on reperfusion function are warranted.

title: XXXX is an ineffective substrate for preservation of machine perfused donor hearts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Targeting drugs for delivery and release has the potential to increase the efficacy of treatment. A bifunctional linker, A-Z- @entity7 Linker was used to create a targeted prodrug, A-Z- @entity7 310. A-Z- @entity7 Linker links to a potent chemotherapeutic agent, @entity4 , via an energy-reversible @entity6 bond and also binds a targeting agent, the monoclonal antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin). This study demonstrates the effectiveness of a single-treatment use of A-Z- @entity7 310 in decreasing @entity2 volume and @entity2 cell density of @entity0 @entity5 -positive @entity0 mammary @entity2 cells implanted in scid @entity3 , compared to treatment with simultaneously administered trastuzumab and @entity4 and with saline control. After treatment with A-Z- @entity7 310, some @entity3 received light exposure at 6 h for 5 min adjacent to the @entity2 to cause light-accelerated release of @entity4 . Changes in @entity2 volume were measured for 28 days following treatment; changes in histology were measured at 31 days. Animals treated with A-Z- @entity7 310, then light, showed dose-dependent decreases in @entity2 volume and @entity2 cell density which were more rapid and extensive than those seen with A-Z- @entity7 310 without light or a 10-fold higher concentration of co-administered trastuzumab plus @entity4 . This suggests that targeted delivery of @entity4 using A-Z- @entity7 310 kills @entity2 cells by localized release of @entity4 at the @entity2 site, which can be accelerated by light treatment. These results indicate that a targeted prodrug therapy containing trastuzumab as the targeting agent and A-Z- @entity7 - @entity4 as the prodrug results in a conjugate that is more effective in killing @entity2 cells than equivalent concentrations of co-administered trastuzumab and @entity4 . Targeting of a drug can reduce the dose needed for effective therapy and can increase local bioavailability. This makes targeted therapy using an A-Z- @entity7 prodrug delivery system feasible for treating both primary and @entity1 .

title: Targeted prodrug treatment of XXXX -positive breast tumor cells using trastuzumab and @entity4 linked by A-Z- @entity7 Linker.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is currently no consensus on the treatment sequence in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), although it is recognized that early diagnosis is of paramount importance to start treatment in the early stages of the disease. Although it is fairly consensual that initial treatment should be with an inhaled short-acting beta agonist, a short-acting muscarinic antagonist, a long-acting beta-agonist or a long-acting muscarinic antagonist. As the disease progresses, several therapeutic options are available, and which to choose at each disease stage remains controversial. When and in which @entity0 to use dual bronchodilation? When to use inhaled corticosteroids? And triple therapy? Are the existing non-inhaled therapies, such as mucolytic agents, antibiotics, phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors, @entity2 and immunostimulating agents, useful? If so, which @entity0 would benefit? Should co-morbitities be taken into account when choosing @entity1 therapy for a @entity0 ? This paper reviews current guidelines and available evidence and proposes a therapeutic scheme for @entity1 @entity0 . We also propose a treatment algorithm in the hope that it will help physicians to decide the best approach for their @entity0 . The authors conclude that, at present, a full consensus on optimal treatment sequence in @entity1 cannot be found, mainly due to disease heterogeneity and lack of biomarkers to guide treatment. For the time being, and although some therapeutic approaches are consensual, treatment of @entity1 should be @entity0 -oriented.

title: Optimal treatment sequence in XXXX : Can a consensus be found?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity3 with @entity4 (SFTS) is a tick-borne, novel bunyavirus-caused @entity6 . It becomes a threat to public health due to its high fatality rate. OBJECTIVE: To clarify the epidemiological characteristics of SFTS and natural host(s) of SFTS-causing virus (SFTSV) in East China. STUDY DESIGN: Serum antibody against SFTSV in 496 healthy villagers was examined by ELISA. SFTSV in acute sera of SFTS cases and lung tissues of house and field @entity1 / @entity2 were identified using quantitative RT-PCR, cell culture, and sequencing. RESULTS: A total of 22 laboratory-confirmed SFTS cases were diagnosed between 2012 and 2014, of which 5 (22.7%) reported a history of @entity5 . The seroprevalance of SFTSV antibody was 10.5% in healthy villagers. SFTSV genomic RNAs were identified in 2 of 8 @entity7 but not in @entity2 (n=40) and Rattus losea (n=4). The 3 segments of SFTSV from 11 SFTS cases and 2 A. agrarius were successfully sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that at least 3 different SFTSV strains (inland-type, Ningbo-native-type, and their reassortant-type) were present in Ningbo. The 3 segments of the 2 SFTSV isolates from A. agrarius shared great sequence homologies to those isolated from the @entity0 living in nearby villages. CONCLUSION: The present study indicated that A. agrarius might be a natural host of SFTSV in East China.

title: @entity7 is a potential natural host of severe XXXX with @entity4 (SFTS)-causing novel bunyavirus.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of @entity2 deprivation and replacement in amenorrheic and nonamenorrheic dancers on hormone therapy and @entity3 . DESIGN: Clinical, placebo-controlled, randomized trial study.Healthy volunteers in an academic research environment. @entity0 (S): Fifty-five dancers (mean age: 22.0 +/- 4.6, age at menarche: 14.7 +/- 2.3 years), including 24 amenorrheics. INTERVENTION(S): Amenorrheics were randomized in a controlled trial to receive placebo or @entity6 , 0.625 mg for 25 days monthly, with Provera, 10 mg, for 10 of these 25 days (hormone therapy) for 2 years. These @entity0 were compared to normally menstruating controls. The study @entity0 also received 1250 mg of @entity3 per day. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity1 ( @entity1 ) measured at the foot, wrist, and lumbar spine. Our overall results showed no difference in @entity1 between the treated or placebo groups, indicating that hormone therapy did not change or normalize @entity1 when compared to normals. Five @entity0 (all on placebo) who resumed menses during the study showed an increase in @entity1 without normalization. CONCLUSION(S): These findings suggest that mechanisms other than hypoestrogenism may be involved with the @entity4 associated with exercise-induced @entity5 .

title: Persistent XXXX in ballet dancers with @entity5 and delayed menarche despite hormone therapy: a longitudinal study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the multifactorial relationship between illness insight, cognitive and emotional processes, and illness characteristics in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: Data from 85 euthymic or mildly to moderately @entity2 @entity0 were evaluated. Insight was measured using the Mood Disorder Insight Scale (total score and subscale scores: awareness of illness, symptom attribution, and need for treatment). Cognitive and emotional functioning was measured in four domains (processing speed, memory, executive functioning, and emotional learning) in addition to premorbid IQ. Illness characteristics were assessed using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview, the Questionnaire for @entity1 , and the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-self rating scale. Regression analyses were performed for the whole sample. Post-hoc, interactions with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were statistically tested and if significant, analyses were repeated for @entity0 with (n = 36) and without (n = 49) @entity3 separately. RESULTS: In the whole group, better insight was associated with lower processing speed, better memory performance, increased emotional learning, higher level of @entity2 , and longer duration of illness. @entity0 with @entity3 had worse awareness of illness, but better symptom attribution than @entity0 without @entity3 . No group differences for need for treatment and overall insight were found. Finally, processing speed significantly predicted subscores for symptom attribution in @entity0 with @entity3 only. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive functioning as well as @entity4 and @entity3 features independently contributes to impaired insight in @entity1 . Processing speed seems to be a key variable in the prediction of insight in @entity0 with @entity3 and not in @entity0 without @entity3 .

title: Insight in XXXX : associations with cognitive and emotional processing and illness characteristics.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Operation for @entity3 during the active phase violates a basic surgical rule not to implant a foreign body into an infective process, resulting in a high operative mortality and the risk of early recurrent @entity4 . Several investigators analyzing risk factors for perioperative mortality and morbidity presented strategies for more favorable outcomes, but most studies suffer from the drawback of heterogeneous populations observed over a long period of time. METHODS: We present a prospective study on 138 @entity0 operated on from March 1988 to March 1996. @entity0 were only included if the activity of the infection was proved by positive culture of the valve leaflets or by histologic staining. During the observation period, indication for operation, surgical approach, and postoperative antibiotic therapy were standardized as much as possible. After radical debridement of all parts of infected tissue, valve replacement was carried out with mechanical prostheses. RESULTS: The early mortality was 11.5% overall. High New York Heart Association functional classification, advanced age, and staphylococcal disease were significant risk factors for early mortality. The site of infection, multiple valve involvement, and @entity2 did not affect the outcome. Early recurrent @entity4 was recorded in only 3 @entity0 of the entire series. CONCLUSIONS: In case of @entity4 , valve replacement with mechanical prostheses is a safe procedure, if radical operation and aggressive postoperative antibiotic therapy are performed. For further improvements of the results, earlier operation is advisable in @entity0 with rapidly progressive @entity1 and in most cases of @entity4 .

title: Operation for XXXX : results after implantation of mechanical valves.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The increased mortality of emergency vs. elective colonic surgery applies equally to the right and left colon. Recent interest has surrounded the application of expandable metal stenting in acute obstruction but has been confined to the left colon. We describe successful application of stenting in the right colon, allowing postponement of a particularly high-risk laparotomy. METHODS: A @entity0 with acute bilateral iliofemoral thromboses simultaneously developed @entity4 . After heparinization and under fluoroscopic control, a 10-cm-long, self-expanding Wall-stent (Schneider, Bulach, Switzerland), 22 mm in diameter, was manipulated across the obstruction. RESULTS: Immediate decompression with symptomatic relief ensued. The stent prevented obstruction during a 10-week period of anticoagulation, and repeat duplex scanning showed resolution of iliac @entity3 . An elective right hemicolectomy was then performed. Postoperative course was uncomplicated, and histopathology confirmed a Dukes B @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This case, in which a potentially hazardous laparotomy was delayed until the operative risk improved, defines a new role for stenting in @entity2 and demonstrates an extension of its applicability to the right colon. Literature review found no other report of stent application in the right colon.

title: Expandable metal stent application in obstructing XXXX of the proximal colon: report of a case.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The American Association of Poison Control Center (AAPCC) shows that in 2012 there were 0.3% of @entity0 exposures involving mushrooms. Only 17% of 6600 cases were then identified by the species. The present retrospective study was designed to identify the epidemiology of @entity3 in adults admitted to Krakow's Department of Clinical Toxicology (DCT) from 2002 to 2009. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted retrospectively after examining the files of 457 adult @entity0 with wild @entity3 . Mycological analysis was made and the species of the @entity2 -inducing mushroom was determined. Furthermore, the circumstances related to the mushroom gathering, transport, storage, preparation, and consumption have been analyzed. RESULTS: The analysis revealed that in 400 (87.53%) out of 457 cases, the clinical symptoms were caused by ingestion of identified edible mushroom species. The main reason for edible @entity3 is associated with their incorrect processing after harvest. The analysis of the circumstances of mushroom collection, transport, and storage shows that the largest percentage of @entity2 was connected with long-term storage of mushroom dishes, collecting, and storing them in plastic bags, and long storage of mushrooms. CONCLUSION: Based on spore analysis of the gastric content, edible mushrooms were responsible for the great majority of @entity3 cases admitted to the DCT. The @entity1 of edible mushroom is associated with proceeding with them during collection, transport, and storage. The medical history should be supplemented by questions concerning these circumstances. The identification of the mushroom by a mycologist is highly desirable.

title: Edible mushroom-related XXXX : A study on circumstances of mushroom collection, transport, and storage.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is common in @entity1 , but the link with @entity4 is unknown. We hypothesized that alterations of cerebral autoregulation are associated with @entity2 in neonates treated with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) for @entity1 . METHODS: The cerebral hemoglobin volume index ( @entity8 ) from near-infrared spectroscopy was used to identify the mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) with optimal autoregulatory vasoreactivity (MAPOPT). We measured associations between MAP relative to MAPOPT and indicators of @entity2 (duration of mechanical respiratory support and administration of inhaled @entity5 (iNO), @entity7 , or @entity3 ). RESULTS: We identified associations between cerebrovascular autoregulation and @entity2 that were often sex-specific. Greater MAP deviation above MAPOPT was associated with shorter duration of intubation in @entity0 but longer ventilatory support in @entity0 . Greater MAP deviation below MAPOPT related to longer intensive care stay in @entity0 . @entity7 was associated with greater MAP deviation below MAPOPT in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: MAP deviation from MAPOPT may relate to @entity2 after @entity1 , and sex may modulate this relationship. Whereas MAP above MAPOPT may protect the brain and lungs in @entity0 , it may be related to @entity2 in @entity0 . Future studies are needed to characterize the role of sex in these associations.Pediatric Research (2017); doi:10.1038/pr.2017.23.

title: Sex-specific associations between cerebrovascular blood pressure autoregulation and @entity2 in @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: There is a need for effective, well-tolerated antiarrhythmic agents, particularly those effective by both intravenous and oral routes. @entity3 , a new antiarrhythmic drug with such properties, was given long-term orally to 24 @entity0 controlled initially with intravenous therapy--19 with frequent (greater than 1/min) complex @entity2 ( @entity2 ) on a baseline 24-hour Holter monitor and five with ongoing sustained @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or frequent paroxysmal sustained @entity1 , for a mean of 13 months (range 0.03 to 39.4 months). Long-term @entity3 was given in divided doses of 200 to 800 mg/day (median 260, mean 269 +/- 90 mg/day). Response to long-term @entity3 therapy was assessed at a mean of both 26 days and 12.2 months. Frequency of @entity2 on baseline averaged 13,490/24 hours (median 10,578, range 2,115 to 61,716); couplets averaged 309/24 hours (median 166, range 0 to 5,686), and runs averaged 33/24 hours (median 30, range 0 to 2,951). Median frequency of @entity2 decreased by 94% (p much less than 0.001) and 97% (p less than 0.01) at the first and second @entity3 efficacy assessments, respectively. Couplets decreased by a median of 99% (p much less than 0.001) and 100% (p less than 0.005) at the first and second assessments, respectively. Runs were suppressed by a median of 100% at both evaluations (p much less than 0.001). Only three (16%) of the @entity0 with complex @entity2 failed to respond to therapy. No recurrence during @entity3 has been noted in the five @entity0 with ongoing sustained @entity1 or recurrent episodes of @entity1 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Initial and long-term outpatient experience with XXXX for suppression of malignant and potentially malignant ventricular arrhythmias.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between @entity10 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity3 evaluated with the vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (VEMP) score and conventional MRI. METHODS: Forty-five @entity0 with the diagnosis of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) suggestive of @entity1 were enrolled. VEMP, heart rate, and blood pressure responses to the Valsalva maneuver, heart rate response to deep @entity7 , and @entity2 provoked head-up tilt table test, as well as brain and spinal cord MRI were performed. RESULTS: There was no difference in the VEMP score between @entity0 with and without signs of sympathetic or parasympathetic dysfunction. However, @entity0 with @entity6 had significantly lower VEMP score compared to @entity0 without @entity6 (p<0.01). @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) showed a trend of higher VEMP score compared to @entity0 without @entity4 (p=0.06). There was no difference in the presence of lesions in the brainstem or cervical spinal cord between @entity0 with or without any of the studied autonomic parameters. The model consisting of a VEMP score of  <=5 and normal MRI of the midbrain and cervical spinal cord has sensitivity and specificity of 83% for the possibility that the @entity0 with @entity1 can develop @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Pathophysiological mechanisms underlying functional and structural @entity9 in @entity1 differ significantly. While preserved brainstem function is needed for development of @entity8 like @entity4 could be associated with @entity3 .

title: @entity3 protects against @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of plasma treatment using @entity2 and @entity0 gases, combined with fiber position on flexural properties of a fiber-reinforced composite. Eleven groups were evaluated, a non-reinforced control group and 10 groups reinforced with InFibra, a woven @entity1 fiber, varying according to the plasma treatment and fiber position. The samples were prepared using a stainless steel two-piece matrix. The three point bending test was performed in an EMIC testing machine. Flexural strength (FS) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were calculated from initial (IF) and final (FF) failure. Data were evaluated statistically using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p<0.05). For IF, in all groups with fibers placed on the base, the FS and @entity3 values were significantly higher than those positioned away from the base. The highest value of FS was obtained in the group treated with O 3 min (296.2 MPa) and the highest value of @entity3 was obtained in the group treated with 1 min (0.109 mm). For FF the FS and @entity3 values obtained for the groups with fibers positioned away from the base were similar or higher than those placed on the base. The highest FS value was obtained in the group treated with 1 min (317.5 MPa) and the highest @entity3 value was obtained in the group treated with O 3 min (0.177 mm). Plasma treatment influenced FS and @entity3 . Fiber position and plasma treatment affected the flexural properties of a fiber-reinforced composite.

title: Effect of Plasma and Fiber Position on Flexural Properties of a XXXX Fiber-Reinforced Composite.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a profibrotic factor acting downstream and independently of @entity5 to mediate @entity0 . Although @entity1 is often involved in the initiation and/or progression of @entity2 , the role of inflammatory cytokines in regulation of glomerular @entity6 expression, cellular proliferation, and extracellular matrix accumulation is unknown. We studied two such cytokines, @entity3 and @entity4 , for their effects on cultured mesangial cells in the presence or absence of @entity5 , as a model for progressive @entity0 . Short-term treatment with @entity3 , like @entity5 , significantly increased secreted @entity6 per cell, but unlike @entity5 inhibited cellular replication. @entity3 combined with @entity5 further increased @entity6 secretion and mRNA levels and reduced proliferation. Surprisingly, however, @entity3 treatment decreased baseline collagen type I protein and mRNA levels and largely blocked their stimulation by @entity5 . Long-term treatment with @entity5 or @entity3 alone no longer increased @entity6 protein levels. However, the combination synergistically increased @entity6 . @entity4 had no effect on either @entity6 or collagen activity and produced a mild inhibition of @entity5 -induced collagen only at a high concentration (500 U/ml). In summary, we report a strong positive regulatory role for @entity3 , but not @entity4 , in @entity6 production and secretion, including that driven by @entity5 . The stimulation of @entity6 release by @entity3 , unlike @entity5 , is independent of cellular proliferation and not linked to increased collagen type I accumulation. This suggests that the paradigm of @entity5 -driven @entity6 with subsequent collagen production may be overridden by an as yet undefined inhibitory mechanism acting either directly or indirectly on matrix metabolism.

title: XXXX , but not @entity4 , regulates @entity6 ( @entity6 ), collagen type I, and proliferation in mesangial cells: possible roles in the progression of @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity10 has been shown to exert antistress effects both in vitro and in vivo. However, the effects of @entity10 on stress in brain cells are not well understood. This study investigated how Korean Red @entity10 (KRG) controls @entity4 -induced apoptosis via regulation of @entity9 -3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt and @entity3 receptor (ER)-b signaling. METHODS: @entity0 @entity6 SK-N-SH cells were pretreated with KRG and subsequently exposed to @entity5 . The ability of KRG to inhibit oxidative stress-induced apoptosis was assessed in @entity1 @entity2 assays. Apoptotic protein expression was examined by Western blot analysis. The roles of ER-b, PI3K, and p-Akt signaling in KRG regulation of apoptosis were studied using small interfering RNAs and/or target antagonists. RESULTS: Pretreating SK-N-SH cells with KRG decreased expression of the proapoptotic proteins p-p53 and @entity7 , but increased expression of the antiapoptotic protein @entity8 . KRG pretreatment was also associated with increased ER-b, PI3K, and p-Akt expression. Conversely, ER-b inhibition with small interfering RNA or inhibitor treatment increased p-p53 and @entity7 levels, but decreased @entity8 , PI3K, and p-Akt expression. Moreover, inhibition of PI3K/Akt signaling diminished p-p53 and @entity7 levels, but increased @entity8 expression. CONCLUSION: Collectively, the data indicate that KRG represses oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by enhancing PI3K/Akt signaling via upregulation of ER-b expression.

title: Korean Red XXXX inhibits apoptosis in @entity6 cells via @entity3 receptor b-mediated @entity9 -3 kinase/Akt signaling.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a debilitating disorder of altered mood regulation. Despite well established sex differences in @entity3 prevalence, the mechanism underlying the increased female vulnerability remains unknown. Although evidence suggests an influence of adult circulating hormone levels on mood (i.e. activational effects of hormones), @entity3 prevalence is consistently higher in @entity0 across life stages (and therefore hormonal states), suggesting that additional underlying structural or biological differences place @entity0 at higher risk. Studies in @entity0 subjects and in rodent models suggest a developmental origin for @entity4 , and interestingly, a developmental process also establishes sex differences in the brain. Hence, based on these parallel developmental trajectories, we hypothesized that a proportion of the female higher vulnerability to @entity3 may originate from the differential organization of mood regulatory neural networks early in life (i.e. organizational effects of hormones). To test this hypothesis in a rodent system, we took advantage of a well-established technique used in the field of sexual differentiation (neonatal injection with @entity2 ) to masculinize sexually dimorphic brain regions in female @entity1 . We then investigated adult behavioral consequences relating to emotionality by comparing neonatal @entity2 -treated females to normal males and females. Under baseline/trait conditions, neonatal @entity2 treatment of female @entity1 did not influence @entity5 , but masculinized adult locomotor activity, as revealed by the activational actions of hormones. Conversely, the increased vulnerability of female @entity1 to develop high emotionality following unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) was partially masculinized by neonatal @entity2 exposure, with no effect on post-UCMS locomotion. The elevated female UCMS-induced vulnerability did not differ between adult hormone treated groups. These results demonstrate that sex differences in @entity5 in @entity1 are partially caused by the organizational effects of sex hormones during development, hence supporting a developmental hypothesis of the @entity0 adult female prevalence of @entity3 .

title: Neonatal XXXX partially organizes sex differences in stress-induced emotionality in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To  apply a novel self-gating k-space sorted 4-dimensional MRI (SG-KS-4D-MRI) method to overcome limitations due to anisotropic resolution and rebinning artifacts and to monitor @entity2 motion. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Ten @entity0 were imaged using 4D-CT, cine 2-dimensional MRI (2D-MRI), and the SG-KS-4D-MRI, which is a spoiled gradient recalled echo sequence with 3-dimensional radial-sampling k-space projections and 1-dimensional projection-based self-gating. @entity1 volumes were defined on all phases in both 4D-MRI and 4D-CT and then compared. RESULTS: An isotropic resolution of 1.56  mm was achieved in the SG-KS-4D-MRI images, which showed superior soft-tissue contrast to 4D-CT and appeared to be  free of stitching artifacts. The @entity1 motion trajectory cross-correlations (mean      SD)  between SG-KS-4D-MRI and cine 2D-MRI in superior-inferior, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral directions were 0.93      0.03, 0.83      0.10, and 0.74      0.18, respectively. The @entity1 motion trajectories cross-correlations between SG-KS-4D-MRI and 4D-CT in superior-inferior, anterior-posterior, and medial-lateral directions were 0.91      0.06, 0.72      0.16, and 0.44      0.24, respectively. The average standard deviation of gross @entity1 volume calculated from  the 10 breathing phases was 0.81  cm(3) and 1.02  cm(3) for SG-KS-4D-MRI and 4D-CT, respectively (P=.012). CONCLUSIONS: A novel SG-KS-4D-MRI acquisition method capable of reconstructing rebinning artifact-free, high-resolution 4D-MRI images was used to quantify @entity1 motion. The resultant @entity2 motion trajectories agreed well with 2D-cine-MRI and 4D-CT. The @entity2 volumes shown in the different phases for the SG-KS-4D-MRI were statistically significantly more consistent than those in the 4D-CT.

title: Four-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging  With 3-Dimensional Radial Sampling and Self-Gating-Based K-Space Sorting: Early Clinical Experience on @entity2 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the disease-free survival results of prophylactic central neck dissection for @entity3 preoperatively staged as N0. DESIGN: Inception cohort. SETTING: Head and neck surgery unit at a national oncologic center. @entity0 : @entity0 with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of stage N0 @entity3 but no previous oncologic treatment, no recurrent @entity2 , and no distant @entity1 . INTERVENTION: Central neck dissection intended as curative treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Disease-free survival. Demographic, clinical, therapeutic, pathologic, and neck recurrence information was also collected. RESULTS: A total of 266 @entity0 were included. Mean (SD) follow-up time was 6.9 (4.3) years. Ninety percent of @entity0 had a follow-up longer than 2 years. Prophylactic central neck dissection was performed in 136 @entity0 (51.3%). Of those @entity0 who underwent central neck dissection, 112 had metastatic lymph nodes (82.3%). Neck recurrence occurred in 45 @entity0 (16.9%). Overall, 5-year neck disease-free survival was 86.8%; it was 88.2% in the central neck dissection group vs 85.6% in the group that did not undergo central neck dissection (P = .72). In the multivariate analysis, factors related to central neck dissection were macroscopic extrathyroidal extension (odds ratio [OR], 2.12; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.19-3.79) and multifocality (OR, 3.96; 95% CI, 2.08-7.53). In Cox multivariate analysis for disease-free survival, central neck dissection did not show any significant effect. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic central neck dissection did not show any advantage in the rate of neck recurrence in @entity0 with N0 clinical stage disease.

title: Prophylactic central neck dissection in stage N0 XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the globus pallidus internus (GPi) is recommended as a promising technique for the management of the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with @entity3 gene mutation. We present the first report of DBS results in Iranian @entity0 with @entity3 positive @entity2 . METHODS: Nine @entity0 who suffered from severely disabling @entity3 positive @entity2 consecutively were recruited for the study between 2008 and 2010. The @entity0 underwent bilateral deep brain stimulation of the GPi in a single procedure. The mean follow up duration was 8.8    2.2 months. The efficacy of the intervention was evaluated by comparing pre- and post operative scores of @entity0 with Burke-Fahn-Marsden's @entity1 Scale (BFMDS). Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0 software. RESULTS: Of 9 @entity0 six were female with the mean age of 15.2    5.5 years old (range: 8- 25 years old). The mean for Burke-Fahn-Marsden's Dystonia Rating Scale (BFMDRS) score was 47.22    14.1 before surgery and 12.3    8.2 after follow up, which significantly improved (P=0.0001).The mean stimulation parameters at the last visit were at a frequency of 152.2    32.4 Hz (range 130- 230 Hz), a voltage of 2.6    0.7 V (range 1.1- 4), and a pulse width of 60  sec. No complication was observed during follow up. CONCLUSION: Bilateral DBS of the GPi has an encouraging result for the management of @entity3 positive @entity2 and is recommended as a safe technique for the treatment of these @entity0 . Shorter pulse width in stimulation parameters is suggested for @entity3 @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Deep brain stimulation of globus pallidus internus for XXXX positive @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In this study, we aimed to estimate the contribution of environmental pollutants to the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and costs of @entity2 in American @entity0 . We examined four categories of illness: @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity1 , and @entity5 . To estimate the proportion of each attributable to toxins in the environment, we used an environmentally attributable fraction (EAF) model. EAFs for @entity6 , @entity4 , and @entity1 were developed by panels of experts through a Delphi process, whereas that for @entity5 was based on data from the National Academy of Sciences. We define environmental pollutants as toxic chemicals of @entity0 origin in air, food, water, and communities. To develop estimates of costs, we relied on data from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the Health Care Financing Agency, and the Practice Management Information Corporation. EAFs were judged to be 100% for @entity6 , 30% for @entity4 (range, 10-35%), 5% for @entity1 (range, 2-10%), and 10% for @entity5 (range, 5-20%). Total annual costs are estimated to be  54.9 billion (range  48.8-64.8 billion):  43.4 billion for @entity6 ,  2.0 billion for @entity4 ,  0.3 billion for childhood @entity1 , and  9.2 billion for @entity5 . This sum amounts to 2.8 percent of total U.S. health care costs. This estimate is likely low because it considers only four categories of illness, incorporates conservative assumptions, ignores costs of @entity3 and suffering, and does not include late complications for which etiologic associations are poorly quantified. The costs of pediatric environmental disease are high, in contrast with the limited resources directed to research, tracking, and prevention.

title: Environmental pollutants and disease in American XXXX : estimates of morbidity, mortality, and costs for @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity1 , and developmental disabilities.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are well-documented inverse relationships between smoking and smoking cessation with measures of socioeconomic status. This study used nationally representative data to examine unaided quit attempts and their sociodemographic determinants among daily current and former smokers who made a quit attempt in the last 12 months. METHODS: We used data from the 2010-2011 @entity1 Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey. We limited the analysis to current daily smokers who made a quit attempt in the past year and former smokers who were daily smokers 1 year prior to the survey (N = 8201). RESULTS: Nearly 62% (n = 5078) of the sample made an unaided quit attempt. Adjusted results indicated unaided quit attempts were more likely among males compared to females (P < .001), younger age groups compared to older age groups (P < .001), @entity4 compared to non-Hispanic whites (P < .001), among @entity0 with lower income compared to @entity0 with higher income (P < .001), and among @entity0 with lower @entity3 @entity2 compared to those with higher @entity3 @entity2 (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Most quit attempts were unaided and there were significant sociodemographic disparities in unaided quit attempts. Considering that cessation aids enhance the likelihood of quitting, policies and programs should target populations which are more likely to attempt quitting without an aid and encourage them to use or provide subsidized cessation aids. Healthcare providers should advise their @entity0 about approaches to quitting. IMPLICATIONS: This study used the most recent nationally representative data for the United States to examine sociodemographic disparities in unaided quitting among current and former daily smokers who made a quit attempt in the last 12 months. Most quit attempts were unaided. @entity0 who were male, younger, @entity4 , had lower @entity3 @entity2 , and those who were low income were more likely to make an unaided quit attempt. These results could be used by policy makers and program planners to develop cessation interventions directed at specific populations to improve smoking cessation rates.

title: Social Disparities in Unaided Quit Attempts Among Daily Current and Former Smokers: Results From the 2010-2011 XXXX Use Supplement to the Current Population Survey.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study is to analyze the clinicopathological characteristics and treatment options for @entity3 with multifocality and investigated whether the number of foci in @entity3 with multifocality can predict central lymph node @entity1 . Methods Records of 329 consecutive PTMC @entity0 with multifocality, and who were treated surgically between 2003 and 2014 were reviewed. @entity0 with multifocality were identified by histopathology. The number of foci, size of the @entity2 , presence of extrathyroidal invasion, infiltration, and other clinicopathological parameters were collected and analyzed for all the cases. RESULTS: Univariate analysis, age, sex, maximum @entity2 size, and extrathyroidal invasion were found to be significant prognostic factors (P = 0.001, 0.020, < 0.001, 0.043; respectively). Multivariate analysis found that age, sex, and maximum @entity2 size were independent prognostic factors for CLNM in PTMCs. Among them, Male @entity0 (odds ratio 1.887; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.053-3.380) and with maximum @entity2 size > 0.5 cm (odds ratio 2.819; 95% CI 1.721-4.616) were risk factors for increased incidence of CLNM. @entity0 >=  45 years (odds ratio 0. 497; 95% CI 0.309-0.800) were less likely to present with CLNM. However, extrathyroid invasion was not an independent predictor of CLNM according to our results. PTMCs with 2, 3, >=  4 foci had a significantly greater risk of CLNM (odds ratio 1.675, 2.360, 2.703; 95% CI 1.195-2.347, 1.425-3.906, 1.411-5.178; respectively) compared to PTMCs with unifocality. CONCLUSIONS: Foci numbers were linked to an increased incidence of central lymph node @entity1 in @entity3 with multifocality, and we could choose to perform more radical treatment in @entity0 with multifocality.

title: Using foci number to predict central lymph node XXXX of @entity3 with multifocality.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) report high rates of @entity1 , as do healthy males with low levels of @entity2 . The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of @entity3 and low @entity2 across various domains of sexual function. METHODS: Untreated depressed males (N = 44) and age-matched healthy controls (N = 50) had blood samples drawn to determine morning levels of total @entity2 (TT) and bioavailable @entity2 (BT). In addition, questionnaires regarding depressive symptoms as well as sexual function were administered. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Sexual function outcomes were measured using the Sex Effects (SexFX) Scale and @entity3 severity was assessed with the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression-17 item (HAMD-17). RESULTS: Using TT criteria, 27.9% of @entity0 were categorically defined as hypogonadal compared to 19.3% using BT criteria. Within both TT and BT hypogonadal groups, @entity0 with @entity3 had lower scores on all domains of sexual function compared to healthy controls with @entity4 . @entity2 levels interacted with @entity3 status to affect orgasm and desire, although not arousal. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that @entity3 status was the main factor influencing sexual function. Hypogonadal status was not a predictor of sexual function in this sample, although age did play a minor role in the domain of arousal. CONCLUSION: While @entity2 levels appear to influence sexual function, specifically orgasm, the presence of @entity3 appears to be a stronger factor and has high predictive value for sexual outcomes.

title: The relationship between @entity2 and sexual function in depressed and healthy XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 75-year-old @entity0 presented with severe @entity3 and @entity2 . Symptoms started 10   years earlier but multiple investigations failed to offer a clear diagnosis. On recent admission, blood tests, endoscopies and CT scans indicated chronic @entity1 . Treatment strategies for bowel @entity1 were unsuccessful and the @entity0 was subsequently discussed at a multidisciplinary team meeting with surgeons for consideration of colectomy. A drug review highlighted that the @entity0 was taking an antiangina drug, @entity6 , thought to cause bowel @entity4 . This was discontinued, which dramatically improved symptoms and avoided surgery and the @entity0 was discharged within days. Follow-up colonoscopy showed much improved @entity5 , and the @entity2 had resolved. It is important that clinicians are aware of the link between pharmacotherapy, specifically @entity6 and gastrointestinal @entity4 and @entity1 causing severe @entity2 . Drug cessation is the only necessary and immediately effective treatment. Awareness of this will become more clinically relevant as @entity6 use increases.

title: When treatment can be worse than the disease: @entity6 -induced XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity11 -based chemotherapeutic regimen M-CAVI ( @entity8 , @entity11 , and @entity13 ) is active against @entity2 and can be administered to @entity0 who are ineligible to receive @entity6 or @entity5 . The authors designed a randomized study to evaluate whether M-CAVI offers a therapeutic advantage over the @entity6 -based regimen M-VAC ( @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity5 , and @entity6 ) in the treatment of @entity0 with surgically incurable advanced @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 with surgically incurable advanced @entity2 were enrolled on a randomized trial comparing M-CAVI, which consists of @entity11 (300 mg/m2 on Day 2, adjusted using Calvert's formula for an area under the curve of 5), @entity8 (30 mg/m2 on Days 1, 15, and 22), and @entity13 (3 mg/m2 on Days 2, 15, and 22) administered every 28 days, versus standard M-VAC. The eligibility criteria included histologically proven @entity2 , surgically incurable disease, and no prior chemotherapy. @entity0 were treated until disease progression or unacceptable @entity1 occurred. RESULTS: From January 1989 to January 1994, 47 assessable @entity0 were included. Seventeen @entity0 had @entity9 and 30 had distant metastatic disease. Twenty-three @entity0 were randomized to receive M-CAVI and 24 to receive M-VAC. @entity0 characteristics in the two groups were similar. Overall response rates were 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20-62%) for M-CAVI and 52% (95% CI, 30-73%) for M-VAC (P = 0.3), with 3 complete responses observed among @entity0 treated with M-VAC and none among those in the M-CAVI group. M-VAC was associated with more @entity4 , @entity12 , @entity10 , and Grade 4 @entity7 than M-CAVI. One @entity1 -related @entity3 occurred in the M-VAC group. There was a statistically significant difference in median disease-related survival time favoring M-VAC (16 months; range, 6 to 22+) versus M-CAVI (9 months; range, 6 to 14+) (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: M-CAVI is less toxic but less active than M-VAC in the treatment of @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . @entity11 -based regimens in which @entity11 is administered at the dose range used in the current study should be reserved for @entity0 who cannot tolerate @entity6 treatment. Further research is required to assess the impact of high dose @entity11 in the treatment of this disease.

title: @entity11 -based versus XXXX -based chemotherapy in the treatment of surgically incurable advanced @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hospital based studies in Nigeria show it predominantly affects the youth in society. Aim _ Objectives: To determine the pattern and management outcomes of @entity0 presenting with @entity4 at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City, Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is a prospective study of 73 consecutive @entity0 managed for @entity4 between January 2008 and February 2009 at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. RESULTS: A total of 73 @entity0 were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 31.5years and median age of 29years. About 81% of the @entity0 were 42yrs and below while 10% were more than 50yrs old. About 88% of the @entity0 were males while 12% were females giving a male: female ratio of 1:7 Most (56%) of the @entity0 were single. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) accounted for 52% while 43%% were due to violence or assaults. Motorcycle accidents accounted for 15% while Cars, Buses, Vans, Trucks accounted for 37%. Penetrating @entity2 accounted for 43% of which gunshot wounds accounted for 25%, and stab injuries accounted for 13(18%). About 53% were isolated blunt @entity4 whereas 43% were isolated penetrating @entity4 ; 4% of the cases sustained both penetrating and @entity5 . About 27% presented within an hour of injury, while in all, 95% of the @entity0 presented within 24hours of injury. @entity2 were sustained in 6(8%) @entity0 @entity3 was observed in one @entity0 . CONCLUSION: @entity4 predominantly affects the youth with high morbidity and mortality in this environment. Public enlightenment with prompt and effective treatment will impact positively on this persistent problem.

title: XXXX in a regional tRAUMA centRE.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 68 Background: The use of ADT in @entity0 with @entity3 is well established. @entity7 antagonists have a mode of action distinct to that of @entity9 agonists and comparative trials have shown differences in efficacy and safety between these agents. Adverse events (AE) from the musculoskeletal and renal and urinary systems have now been analysed. METHODS: Results were pooled from 6 prospective, comparative randomised trials (n=2328). Most @entity0 (pts) received 1 year of degarelix or @entity9 agonist treatment (n=1686); the remaining @entity0 had 3-7 months' treatment (n=642). AEs were analysed using Kaplan Meier plots and a log-rank test for homogeneity on relevant groups of MedDRA terms. RESULTS: Treatment groups (degarelix, n=1491; @entity9 agonist, n=837) were balanced for baseline characteristics such as age, @entity2 , PSA and disease stage. In @entity0 with metastatic disease @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was reduced to a greater extent with degarelix (p=0.0373) throughout the year. Overall probability of @entity1 (<1% vs. 2%, p=0.0411) and incidence of joint related AEs (4% vs. 6%, p=0.0116) were significantly lower for degarelix-treated @entity0 . Incidence of @entity6 was lower for degarelix (9% vs. 12%, p=0.0822). Incidence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) was reduced (5% vs. 8% with agonists) and time to first @entity4 was significantly increased (p=0.0010) with degarelix. Overall probability of any @entity10 , including lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), was significantly lower in pts receiving degarelix (p<0.0001). Consistent with fewer skeletal and urinary tract AEs indicating better disease control, @entity0 with baseline PSA >50 ng/mL had significantly higher PSA PFS compared to agonist treated pts. @entity8 during 1 year of treatment was significantly higher for degarelix pts (98.3% vs. 96.7%, p=0.0329). CONCLUSIONS: This analysis of 2,328 @entity0 shows degarelix-treated @entity0 had lower @entity5 , significantly fewer @entity1 , a lower incidence of urinary tract symptoms and higher overall survival than pts receiving an @entity9 agonist over one year. Control of such disease symptoms is consistent with previous data on a significantly lower risk of PSA PFS during the first year of treatment.

title: Degarelix versus XXXX agonists: Differential skeletal and urinary tract outcomes from an analysis of six comparative randomized clinical trials.

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity11 increased @entity2 and @entity2 to a significantly greater extent than @entity4 . The hot flush incidence was lower with @entity11 than @entity4 . INTRODUCTION: To assess the effect of @entity11 versus @entity4 on change in lumbar spine (LS) @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in postmenopausal @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: In this 12-month study (NEXT trial), @entity0 were randomly assigned to @entity11 20 mg/day (N = 158) or @entity4 60 mg/day (N = 162). All received daily @entity5 and @entity6 . Change in LS @entity2 was assessed by DXA. Secondary objectives included assessment of femoral neck (FN) and total hip @entity2 , serum bone turnover markers, and safety. RESULTS: Treatment groups were similar at baseline (mean age 63 years, mean LS @entity2 T-score -2.9). At 12 months, the increase in LS @entity2 with @entity11 was greater than with @entity4 (+2.75% vs. +1.66%), as was @entity2 (P < 0.05). For LS and FN, this effect was also evident at 6 months. @entity11 reduced bone turnover to a greater extent than @entity4 at 3, 6, and 12 months (P < 0.05). The proportion of @entity0 reporting >=  1 adverse event did not differ between treatment groups, nor did @entity8 . No cases of @entity7 , or @entity1 were reported. @entity10 and @entity9 were reported more frequently with @entity11 versus @entity4 (10.1% vs. 2.5%, and 5.1% vs. 0%, respectively) and new/worsening hot flushes were reported less frequently with @entity11 (7.0% vs. 16.7%) (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity11 increased @entity2 and suppressed bone turnover to a greater extent than @entity4 and resulted in a lower incidence of new/worsening hot flushes. Based on subsequent findings from a fracture outcome study, this difference did not translate into improved fracture efficacy.

title: @entity11 versus @entity4 : effect on bone and safety parameters in postmenopausal XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity6 has the worst prognosis of all @entity1 with a dismal 5-year survival rate. Hence, there is a tremendous need for development of new and effective therapy for this @entity1 . In an earlier study we reported a potent antitumor activity of @entity9 (AuriPE) against @entity6 . In addition, we have also reported that @entity8 (bryo1) induces @entity7 cells, but the effect of bryo1 has not been investigated in @entity6 . This is the first report where we demonstrate that bryo1 induces differentiation and potentiates the antitumor effect of AuriPE in a @entity0 @entity6 (PANC-1) xenograft model. A xenograft model was established by injecting the PANC-1 cells s.c. in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) @entity2 . After development of the s.c. @entity1 , @entity1 were dissected and small fragments were transplanted in vivo to new @entity5 @entity2 , with a success rate of 100% and a doubling time of 4.8 days. The @entity5 @entity2 xenograft model was used to test the in vivo differentiation effect of bryo1 and its efficacy when given alone or in combination with AuriPE. Sections from paraffin-embedded @entity1 excised from untreated (control) @entity5 @entity2 revealed typical poorly differentiated @entity4 . Interestingly, sections of s.c. @entity1 taken from bryo1-treated @entity2 revealed @entity3 that were much lower grade and less aggressive, and displayed prominent squamous and glandular differentiation. In this study, the @entity1 growth inhibition (T/C), activity score and cure rate for bryo1, AuriPE and bryo1+AuriPE were 80%, (+) and 0/4; 0.0%, (++++) and 3/5; and 0.0%, (++++) and 3/4, respectively. @entity2 treated with either AuriPE or bryo1+AuriPE were free of @entity1 for more than 150 days and were considered cured. The use of bryo1 as a novel differentiating agent and its combination with AuriPE should be further explored for the treatment of @entity4 .

title: @entity8 induces differentiation and potentiates the antitumor effect of @entity9 in a XXXX @entity6 (PANC-1) xenograft model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study investigated the relationship between @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and qualitative and quantitative postural control in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Fifty-eight nondemented @entity2 @entity0 were studied along with age-matched healthy controls. The degree of @entity3 was estimated using the Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale. Qualitative postural control was evaluated using a component of the Unified @entity2 Rating Scale. Postural control was quantified, using centre of pressure measures obtained from a force plate, for eight standing balance tests of different challenges. The results showed that @entity3 was more evident for @entity2 @entity0 when compared with healthy individuals of similar age. Furthermore, @entity3 was significantly associated with a qualitative estimate of postural control in @entity2 ; individuals with @entity2 who had a greater degree of @entity1 reported greater @entity3 . The results also showed that an estimate of @entity3 may help to explain quantitative postural instability in @entity2 . @entity3 , when coupled with a qualitative estimate of postural control, was able to explain a greater amount of variation in quantitative balance performance for five of the eight balance tests. When considered independently, the qualitative measure of postural control, in general, could not well predict quantitative balance performance. The greater degree of @entity3 and its possible association with altered postural control suggests that @entity3 should be considered as an important, independent risk factor in the assessment and treatment of postural instability in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Fear of falling and postural control in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: KEY POINTS: Despite the clinical importance of pre-emptive @entity3 , the mechanisms by which it @entity1 associated with central sensitization are poorly understood. We find that @entity5 and the a2-adrenoceptor agonist @entity8 ( @entity9 ) differ significantly in their modulatory actions on noxious mechanical and noxious heat-evoked nociception in vivo. Unlike @entity5 , @entity9 modified descending control of nociception by decreasing the threshold for descending inhibition and/or increasing the threshold for descending facilitation. @entity9 exhibited after-actions on activities of thalamus in prolongation of noxious heat-evoked paw withdrawal latency that persisted for at least 7  days. This study provides insight into the organization of thalamic modulation in pre-emptive @entity3 . ABSTRACT: We investigated and compared the antinociceptive effects of intraperitoneal administration of @entity5 (2-60   g  kg(-1) ) and @entity8 ( @entity9 , 1-10   g  kg(-1) ; a highly selective a2-adrenoceptor agonist) in the regulation of nociception assessed by measuring noxious paw withdrawal reflexes in @entity0 . @entity5 elevated noxious mechanical paw withdrawal threshold and prolonged paw withdrawal heat latency within 1-1.5  h (P  <  0.05). @entity9 failed to affect the mechanical paw withdrawal threshold, yet significantly prolonged the paw withdrawal heat latency in a bi-phasic manner; a short transient 1-1.5  h period followed by a second, slowly developing increase in latency that persisted for at least 7  days (P  <  0.05). Lesion of the @entity6 ( @entity6 ) did not influence @entity5 -induced antinociceptive effects, indicating peripheral and spinal antinociceptive mechanisms. By contrast, the @entity9 -induced second, but not the first, phase of the prolonged paw withdrawal heat latency was significantly blocked by the lesion of either @entity6 or thalamic ventromedial (VM) nuclei, and was attenuated by intracerebral administration of either @entity11 (a2-adrenoceptor antagonist) or @entity10 (5-HT1A receptor antagonist) into the VM nuclei (P  <  0.05). Upon intramuscular 5.8% saline-induced @entity2 , pre-emptive injection of @entity5 enhanced @entity4 and blocked @entity7 , whereas @entity9 significantly prevented the occurrence of @entity4 and enhanced @entity7 . It is suggested that @entity9 , but not @entity5 , significantly enhances descending inhibition and/or decreases descending facilitation to modulate @entity1 and nociception. The present study provides novel insight into thalamus-mediated mechanisms in pre-emptive @entity3 .

title: Pre-emptive @entity3 and its supraspinal mechanisms: enhanced descending inhibition and decreased descending facilitation by XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Two groups of @entity0 were studied, both in accordance with ACR criteria. First group (41 cases) suffering R.A. Second group (36 cases) suffering O.A. In both pathologies MMPs, ICAM and VCAM from synovial fluid and plasma were studied. Measurements were made with ELISA-sandwich in a Metrolab spectrophotometer at 410 nm for MMPs, and 491 nm for ICAM and VCAM. As control, samples of @entity0 with @entity1 or @entity3 and healthy witness were used. Synovial concentration of MMPs in R.A. was 1402 +/- 76 ng/ml, a higher significant value (p < 0.0001) compared with @entity2 : 353 +/- 23 ng/ml. In the witness plasma, MMPs were not detected. Plasmatic and synovial levels of the adhesion molecules present different values in both pathologies and between them. Synovial ICAM level in R.A. (280 +/- 9.8 ng/ml) is significantly higher than in O.A. (163 +/- 10 ng/ml) (p < 0.001), but lower than the plasmatic ones (370 +/- 35 ng/ml) (p < 0.001). All these values are significantly higher than the normal plasma (121 +/- 6.5 ng/ml) (p < 0.01, p < 0.005, and p < 0.0001, respectively) VCAM increase regarding basal values (140 +/- 5.6 ng/ml) (p < 0.001) and in a similar proportion for both pathologies (R.A.: 186 +/- 9.3 ng/ml and O.A.: 207 +/- 14.3 ng/ml). Their plasmatic levels were higher (270 +/- 45 and 320 +/- 38 ng/ml) (p < 0.001) but without significative difference between them. There is correlation among MMPs, ICAM and VCAM variations. The variability can be explained by concomitance several evolutive steps. Each pathology shows a different grade of cellularity, inverted predominance in the relation TIMPs/ collagenase and different generator mechanisms of MMPs. Our findings reinforce the importance as diagnostic guide of adhesion molecules dosage, and possible therapeutic use of MMPs inhibitors and ICAM or VCAM antagonists en R.A. and related pathologies.

title: Proteoglycan's activation by adhesion molecules and L metalloproteases in rheumatoid arthritis and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Previous research suggests that @entity0 with @entity1 demonstrate deficits in a range of parameters of motor cortical and cognitive inhibition. I-wave facilitation and long-interval cortical inhibition (LICI) are two paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation paradigms that appear to assess aspects of cortical inhibitory function that have not previously been assessed in this @entity0 group. Eighteen @entity0 with @entity1 (nine medication-free) were compared with eight control subjects. We assessed resting motor threshold (RMT) levels, LICI and I-wave facilitation. RMT levels did not differ between the three groups. There was a significant overall difference in I-wave facilitation levels. Both @entity0 groups as compared with the control group showed increased facilitation. There were no differences between the groups in the measure of LICI. @entity0 with @entity1 appear to have increased I-wave facilitation. Increased I-wave facilitation suggests deficient function of cortical inhibitory GABAergic activity. This is consistent with previous research that has found deficient cortical inhibition in @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: A transcranial magnetic stimulation study of abnormal cortical inhibition in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the source of the @entity3 chondrocytes in the bilaminar zone following @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). METHODS: 12 Japanese adult @entity0 were randomly divided into A and B groups. Each group contained 4 experimental and 2 control @entity0 . The disc of the experimental @entity0 was induced forward and fixed into the holes made in the zygomatic arch. Group A was stained by HE and examined for the expression of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) by immunohistochemical methods. Group B was observed under transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: Chondrocytes appeared in the bilaminar zone of each experimental @entity0 . Both @entity4 and FGFR3 were positive in part of them. Under TEM, some cells took on the double characters of chondrocyte and fibroblast and some others appeared the characters of naive cells. CONCLUSIONS: Following @entity1 of @entity2 , some @entity3 chondrocytes might be proliferated and differentiated from mesenchymal stem cells.

title: [Experimental study of the mechanism of chondroid @entity3 of the bilaminar zone following XXXX of @entity2 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the ultrasound findings of mild neonatal periventricular-intraventricular @entity1 (PIVH) after different treatments, and to evaluate the neurological outcomes of mild PIVH with Gesell Development Diagnosis Scale (GDDS). METHODS: A total of 194 newborns with grade I-II PIVH were recruited, and findings of cranial ultrasound examination before and 1 month after birth were included for analysis. The echo intensity and size of the lesions were recorded. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the echo intensity among three groups of grade I PIVH @entity0 (P>0.05). There was significant difference in the echo intensity among three groups of grade II PIVH @entity0 , and the @entity2 had the best therapeutic efficacy (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in the area change among three groups of grade I PIVH @entity0 (P>0.05). However, significant difference was observed in the area change among three groups of grade II PIVH @entity0 , and @entity2 had a better efficacy than cerebrolysin and control agent (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between cerebrolysin and control groups (P>0.05). GDDS evaluation showed no significant difference among three groups (P>0.05), and all the @entity0 recovered completely. CONCLUSION: The efficacy of different treatments for mild PIVH can be reflected in the ultrasound findings. Mild PIVH @entity0 generally have a good neurological prognosis.

title: Ultrasound findings of mild neonatal periventricular-intraventricular XXXX after different treatments.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adults aged 65 and older are disproportionately affected by @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity1 , which are established risk factors for @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Although risk reduction strategies among older adults, including control of @entity2 risk factors, can lead to a decline in premature @entity2 morbidity and mortality, the prevalence of these risk factors has generally increased in the past decade among elders and risk factor control rates have been suboptimal. We assess prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control rates among U.S. adults aged 65 and older with respect to @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity1 and describe predictors associated with awareness and management of these factors. METHODS: Analysis of nationally representative data collected from adults aged 65 and older (n = 3,810) participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004. RESULTS: @entity0 have a significantly higher prevalence of @entity3 than @entity0 (76.6% vs 63.0%) and a significantly lower rate of control when treated pharmacologically (42.9% vs 57.9%). @entity4 prevalence is 60.3% overall, and @entity0 are significantly more likely to be aware of their condition than @entity0 (71.1% vs 59.1%). @entity1 affects 21.2% of older adults, and 50.9% of prevalent cases are treated pharmacologically. Goal attainment among those treated is problematic for all three conditions- @entity3 (48.8%), @entity4 (64.9%), and @entity1 (50.4%). Having two or more doctor visits annually is associated with goal attainment for @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: Knowledge of cardiovascular health in older adults and understanding gender gaps in awareness can help physicians and policymakers improve disease management and @entity0 education programs.

title: Prevalence, awareness, and management of @entity3 , XXXX , and @entity1 among United States adults aged 65 and older.

answer: @entity4