abstract: The present clinical study implements a novel interventional strategy of short-term profound and selective blockade of GH receptors to reduce plasma insulin-like growth factor I ( @entity1 ) concentrations reversibly in healthy eumetabolic adults. Thereby, we examine the feedback role of systemic @entity1 on GH secretion without introducing the complex metabolic disarray that can otherwise accompany secondary @entity1 deprivation. To this end, we sampled blood at 10-min intervals for 10 h overnight in 8 @entity0 (aged 19-46 yr) and 4 @entity0 (aged 19-39 yr) to quantitate endogenous GH secretion and half-life 72 h after the prospective, randomly ordered, double blind, and within-subject cross-over administration of pegvisomant (1 mg/kg) or saline (0.5 mL) sc. Pegvisomant is an oligopegylated recombinant @entity0 GH peptide mutated to antagonize @entity4 -dependent signaling. Statistical analyses of paired plasma @entity1 concentrations and deconvolution-based quantitation of pulsatile GH secretion revealed that @entity4 blockade 1) suppressed fasting total @entity1 concentrations by 31%, viz. from (mean +/- SEM) 276 +/- 42 (placebo) to 190 +/- 20 microg/L (pegvisomant; P = 0.006) 84 h after drug injection; 2) increased the 10-h mean serum GH concentration by 71% from 1.4 +/- 0.33 (placebo) to 2.4 +/- 0.58 (pegvisomant; P = 0.024); 3) augmented the amplitude of underlying GH secretory bursts by 2.1-fold (i.e. from 0.13 +/- 0.032 to 0.27 +/- 0.076 microg/L.min; P = 0.0088); and 4) elevated the basal/nonpulsatile rate of GH secretion by 2.5-fold (from 2.3 +/- 0.77 to 5.07 +/- 1.8 microg/L.10 h; P = 0.022). The rise in the amplitude of GH secretory bursts correlated with the fall in plasma @entity1 concentrations (r = 0.603; P = 0.038). In contrast, @entity1 depletion did not alter GH secretory pulse frequency, half-duration, interpulse interval, percentage of pulsatile GH release, or half-life of endogenous GH. In summary, selective short-term reduction of systemic @entity1 concentrations in healthy eumetabolic adults drives GH secretion via the specific bipartite neuroregulatory mechanism of amplified GH secretory burst amplitude and elevated basal/nonpulsatile GH release. Endogenous GH half-life and frequency-related features of pulsatile GH secretion are not measurably affected, thus identifying a highly distinctive mode of @entity1 feedback-dependent control of GH output. As the increment in GH secretory burst amplitude correlated with the decrement in plasma @entity1 concentrations, we infer that variations in circulating @entity1 availability within the adult midphysiological range can influence pulsatile and basal GH production by way of negative feedback. Based on data in experimental animals, we speculate that the negative feedback actions of systemic @entity1 on GH secretion are mediated via increased hypothalamic @entity2 release, decreased @entity3 (or GH-releasing peptide) secretion, and/or suppressed pituitary GH biosynthesis.

title: Lowering total plasma insulin-like growth factor I concentrations by way of a novel, potent, and selective @entity4 antagonist, pegvisomant (B2036-peg), augments the amplitude of GH secretory bursts and elevates basal/nonpulsatile GH release in healthy XXXX and @entity0 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Endoscopy provides a safe and effective way of treating @entity4 . This approach permits not only complete @entity1 , but also reconstruction of the bony boundaries as necessary. @entity3 is a rare, osteogenic @entity1 that usually grows slowly and asymptomatically. It is the most frequent benign @entity1 of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Orbital extension is a rare event that can give rise to ocular signs and symptoms; in such a case treatment is mandatory, although debate persists regarding the optimal approach. We report the case of a @entity5 that was treated using an endoscopic trans-nasal approach. The medial wall of the orbit was repaired by means of an implant of porous @entity2 endoscopically positioned using an "underlay" technique. The surgical technique is described and the reasons for the endoscopic choice are also discussed. Fifteen days after the operation the @entity0 reported complete resolution of @entity6 . Nasoendoscopy showed complete integration of the @entity2 implant in the healing tissue 4 weeks after surgery. A CT scan performed 6 months postoperatively showed good ventilation of the sinonasal cavity and effective reconstruction of the medial orbital wall.

title: Ethmoid XXXX with frontal and orbital extension: endoscopic removal and reconstruction.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to present the treatment results and to identify possible prognostic indicators in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). STUDY DESIGN: A consecutively admitted series of 110 @entity0 was analyzed retrospectively. The female male ratio was 29: 81. The sites of the @entity1 were: pyriform fossa (72%), postcricoid area (18%), and posterior pharyngeal wall (10%). T-status was T1: 15%, T2: 26%, T3: 28%, and T4: 37%. N-status was N0: 27%, N1: 33%, N2: 26%, and N3: 14%. METHODS: One hundred three @entity0 (94%) were treated with curative intent. Two of these received primary surgery; the remaining 101 @entity0 had primary radiotherapy. Seven @entity0 (6%) received no or only palliative treatment. RESULTS: The 5- and 10-year estimates for @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were 16% and 7% and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) 28% and 23%, respectively. In the group of @entity0 treated with curatively intended radiotherapy, 71 recurrences were observed at the time of analysis. The 5- and 10-year RFS estimates were both 17%. The values for @entity4 were 18% and 8% and the values for @entity2 were 31% and 26%, respectively. Univariate survival analyses of age, sex, T-status, N-status, and @entity5 staging did not show any significant influence on survival. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the survival of @entity0 with @entity3 treated with primary radiotherapy and salvage surgery is poor and that other treatment modalities have to be considered.

title: XXXX : results of treatment based on radiation therapy and salvage surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: While autogenous fat augmentation for @entity2 has been used before, relatively little information is currently available on the effectiveness of fat injection in @entity0 with @entity2 resulting from problems such as various defects of @entity1 or sulcus vocalis. This paper compares retrospectively the efficiency of fat injection after surgery in @entity0 with @entity1 (n = 16) and sulcus vocalis (n = 8). The perceptual acoustic and phonatory functions and videolaryngostroboscopic data were evaluated before and after fat augmentation in 24 @entity0 . The mean follow-up time was 19.5 months. Fifteen @entity0 displayed excellent results; 1 showed some improvement; 6 experienced postprocedure failure, and 2 were not available for follow-up analysis. Perceptual rating showed significant improvement in grade, roughness and breathiness (p < 0.05). The videolaryngostroboscopic rating showed significant improvements in vocal fold edge linearity, vocal fold vibration amplitude and mucosal wave excursion (p < 0.05). More improvement in @entity1 was observed compared with sulcus vocalis following fat injection procedures. Our research showed that middle defects improved more compared to those in the anterior and posterior area. Fat injection is an effective autogenous implant and may be considered as an option in the treatment of @entity0 with @entity1 or sulcus vocalis. Although fat reabsorption was a problem, repeating the procedure could be considered.

title: Fat augmentation for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: There have been several studies of the impact of @entity3 on the quality of life and functionality of individual subjects. To date, however, no direct comparisons with age-matched normal subjects without @entity1 have been made. The radiographs of 145 female clinic @entity0 with @entity1 were reviewed by the study physicians. The controls were recruited from the electoral role and by media appeal. One hundred and sixty-seven @entity0 had radiographs taken to determine those without @entity1 . @entity1 subjects and controls had to be ambulant and were excluded if they had significant radiologic evidence of @entity2 of the spine. One hundred cases and one hundred controls were matched by 5-year age groups. The number, position and severity of the @entity1 on the lateral radiographs of the cases was recorded. Quality of life was measured using the Short Form-36 (SF-36) (maximum score 100) and a utility score calculated from these results (maximum score 1). Two measurements of functionality were employed: the Modified Barthel Index (MBI) to assess the activities of daily living (maximum score 100) and the Timed 'Up _ Go' (TUG) that measured the time taken for the subject to rise from sitting in a chair, walk 3 m along a line, return to the chair and sit down. The @entity1 subjects had 2.9 +/- 1.6 (mean +/- SD) @entity1 and the time since last @entity1 was 5.1 +/- 4.8 years. The SF-36 physical function component summary index results were: @entity1 subjects 36 +/- 11, controls 48 +/- 9 (p < 0.001). The SF-36 mental health component summary index results were: @entity1 subjects 50 +/- 11, controls 54 +/- 8 (p < 0.05). The utility scores were: @entity1 subjects 0.64 +/- 0.08, controls 0.72 +/- 0.07 (p < 0.001). The MBI results were: @entity1 subjects 97 +/- 5, controls 99 +/- 1 (p < 0.01). The TUG results were: @entity1 subjects 13.8 +/- 7.3 s, controls 10.1 +/- 4.1 s (p < 0.01). TUG and MBI scores correlated well with SF-36 scores; however, no domain of the SF-36 or functional measure correlated with either the number of @entity1 or the time since last @entity1 . Thus, clinically reported @entity1 impair both the quality of life and functionality of these subjects. The adverse impact of @entity1 on quality of life and functionality needs to be recognized by medical practitioners, subjects and the community, so that adequate health resources can be devoted to the prevention and treatment of this debilitating condition condition.

title: A case-control study of quality of life and functional impairment in XXXX with long-standing @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study aimed to (1) record the plaque and @entity2 on sound and carious approximal surfaces and (2) investigate whether the two parameters could predict approximal lesion progression. For this purpose two samples were selected among 18- to 25-year-old @entity0 at the Dental Faculty in Copenhagen. Sample 1 consisted of 45 @entity0 , each having an approximal posterior surface requiring operative treatment and a contralateral approximal space, where both surfaces were radiographically sound. Sample 2 consisted of 25 @entity0 , each having a posterior approximal tooth surface with an enamel/initial dentinal lesion recorded on a bitewing. Plaque and @entity2 were classified using 4-point ranked scales. The recordings were performed once on each @entity0 in sample 1. The recordings in sample 2 were repeated 5 times during a 15-month period. In order to assess lesion progression in sample 2, two serial intraoral examinations were performed, i.e. at the beginning and end of the study. Less than 10% of the sound and carious surfaces were recorded as plaque-free, while about 40% had a thick or heavy plaque accumulation. No significant difference was observed between plaque scores on sound and carious surfaces (p = 0.5), in contrast to findings representing the @entity2 (p < 0.001). Tooth surfaces requiring operative treatment were associated with @entity1 of the gingiva after probing. In sample 2, 3 of the 25 @entity0 did not finish the study. On the remaining @entity0 caries progression was observed in 9 cases (41%), while no progression was observed in 13 cases. Analyses showed that there were no significant differences between plaque scores in cases with caries progression, as compared with no caries progression (p > 0.05). Similar analyses concerning @entity2 showed that @entity1 of the gingiva was related to cases with progressing caries. Analyses also disclosed no direct association between plaque and @entity2 (Spearman correlation coefficient 0.39). Thus, the occurrence of plaque does not have the same predictive power as @entity1 after probing in decision-making as to whether or not a lesion progresses.

title: Plaque and XXXX as indicators for caries progression on approximal surfaces.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) involved in angiogenesis ( @entity1 , @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity8 ) and plasma levels of the corresponding proteins ( @entity1 , @entity7 , sVEGFR1, sVEGFR2) in @entity0 with and without @entity2 . DESIGN: Allele frequencies of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) pathway SNPs and plasma levels of the corresponding proteins  were investigated in @entity0 with @entity2 and in controls. SETTING: University hospital. @entity0 (S): Samples of DNA from 1,931 Caucasian @entity0 were included (1,109 @entity0 with @entity2 and 822 controls). An additional study group included 973 DNA samples from volunteers, self-reported to be healthy without laparoscopic evaluation. INTERVENTION(S): @entity0 who underwent a laparoscopy for subfertility and/or @entity3 and healthy volunteers without laparoscopic evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Functional SNPs of the @entity1 , @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity8 genes and Hap Map tagging SNPs of the  @entity7 gene were genotyped by using iPLEX technology on a Sequenom MassArray and TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assay.  The @entity1 levels were determined in @entity5 plasma samples by using Bio-Plex Protein Array System. @entity7 , sVEGFR1, and sVEGFR2 levels were measured in @entity5 plasma samples by using ELISA Quantikine kits. RESULT(S): A significant association was found between the @entity10 polymorphism in the @entity7 gene and @entity7 plasma levels. In  all study subjects, @entity0 with the AA variant of the @entity10 @entity7 gene had significantly lower @entity7 plasma levels (median  [interquartile range] 9.36 [8.19-10.43] pg/mL) than those with the AG variant (12.1 [11.81-20.84] pg/mL; P(a)=.0085, P(b)=.04), both before and after multiple testing. Plasma levels of @entity1 were elevated in @entity2 @entity0 (especially in minimal-mild @entity2 during the menstrual cycle phase) compared with laparoscopic controls but had a moderate diagnostic  performance (area under the curve, 0.73) in this discovery dataset. At a cut-off plasma level of @entity1 >3.88 pg/mL, minimal-mild stages of @entity2 were diagnosed with a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 80% during the menstrual phase of cycle. The associations between the presence of @entity2 and SNPs in @entity7 ( @entity11 ), @entity8 ( @entity12 ), and @entity6 ( @entity9 ) genes lost statistical significance after multiple testing. CONCLUSION(S): Genetic variants in the @entity7 @entity10 gene may influence plasma levels of the corresponding protein. Plasma levels of @entity1 were elevated in @entity2 @entity0 compared with controls. The associations between the presence of @entity2 and SNPs in @entity7 ( @entity11 ), @entity8 ( @entity12 ), and @entity6 ( @entity9 ) genes lost statistical significance after multiple testing.

title: XXXX pathway in @entity2 : genetic variants and plasma biomarkers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish whether laparoscopic incidental appendectomy in gynecological diseases is related to @entity1 . STUDY DESIGN: This study was performed prospectively in 443 @entity0 who underwent laparoscopic surgery without appendectomy (n = 222) or with appendectomy (n = 221). On postoperative day 1, drain fluid was cultured in all @entity0 . All data were compared using Student's t test and   2 test. RESULTS: Bacteria grew in cultures of 93 @entity0 (21.0%): 38 (17.1%) in the nonappendectomy group and 55 (24.9%) in the appendectomy group (p < 0.01). There were statistical differences in the incidence of @entity1 , and post-operative laboratory changes for percentage of neutrophils (p < 0.01) and @entity2 (p < 0.01). Thirteen genera of bacteria grew in the drain culture. The 9 commensal organisms of the @entity0 intestine were identified in all @entity0 , each 8 genera of bacteria in both groups. The surgical type did not affect the postoperative drain culture results. CONCLUSION: Postoperative bacterial growth and complications were increased in the laparoscopic incidental appendectomy group. Infections with bacteria from the intestine in both groups were also related to contamination during surgery and postoperative care.

title: Is Laparoscopic Incidental Appendectomy in Gynecological Diseases Related to XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The risk of @entity1 progression (LTP) and factors predicting LTP following percutaneous thermal ablation (PTA) of @entity1 ( @entity2 ) have not been well studied in non-trial settings and may be underestimated. We aimed to assess these outcomes in a multicentre study. @entity0 AND METHODS: This was a retrospective review of consecutive @entity0 with early-stage @entity2 treated with a curative intent across three tertiary Australian centres between 2006 and 2012 with either radiofrequency ablation or microwave ablation. The primary endpoint was LTP and multivariate analysis was carried out to identify the independent predictors of LTP. RESULTS: In total 145 @entity2 nodules were treated in 126 @entity0 (78% @entity0 , mean  SD age 62  10 years) with a mean  SD follow-up of 13.5  13 months. Local recurrence was observed in 23.4% (34/145). Mean  SD LTP-free survival was 46.9  3.6 months. For @entity2 nodules 2   cm or less, local recurrence rates were lower (15.9%), with a mean  SD LTP-free survival of 48.8  4.2 months. Poorly differentiated @entity2 [hazard ratio (95% confidence interval)=4.8 (1.1-20.4), P=0.032] and pretreatment a-fetoprotein more than 50   kIU/l [8.2 (1.7-39.0), P=0.008] were independent predictors of LTP. LTP rates were not significantly different between the radiofrequency ablation and the microwave ablation groups (22.8 vs. 25.8%, P=0.7). There were six (4.8%) procedure-related adverse events, but no deaths. CONCLUSION: Local recurrence after PTA for early-stage @entity2 is high in routine clinical practice. Poorly differentiated @entity2 and pretreatment a-fetoprotein are important, independent predictors of LTP. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials with larger sample sizes using adjuvant therapies in combination with @entity3 to decrease LTP rates are warranted.

title: High local recurrence of XXXX after percutaneous thermal ablation in routine clinical practice.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) demonstrated similar results to traditional Roux-en-Y procedures. A possible concern is how to manage a chronic @entity5 when medical therapy results ineffective. Revision of the gastro-jejunal @entity2 , obtaining a Roux-en-Y reconstruction, has already been proposed, but technical details have not been elucidated yet. This video shows how to revise a 200-cm @entity3 to treat chronic @entity5 , by converting the procedure to Roux-en-Y, having a short gastric pouch and a long efferent limb. METHODS: A 51-year-old @entity0 complained of recurrent heartburns 2  months after @entity3 . A gastroscopy witnessed the presence of a 6-cm long gastric pouch with @entity4 and @entity5 in esophagus. Specific medications were ineffective. He underwent a revisional laparoscopic procedure. The efferent limb was measured and consisted of 650  cm. The afferent limb was then divided next to the previous gastro-jejunal @entity2 and a jejuno-jejunal @entity2 was performed distally at 70  cm on the alimentary limb. RESULTS: Total operative time was 50  min. The postoperative stay was uneventful and the @entity0 was discharged in postoperative day four. At 6  months follow-up he is still free of medications without symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: The ideal scenario for the presented technique is the finding of a long efferent limb, in order to fashion a Roux-en-Y limb without the risk of @entity1 . To reach this goal, we suggest the measurement of the whole small bowel intra-operatively, in order to assess the length of the common channel left in place.

title: Laparoscopic Conversion of One @entity2 Gastric Bypass to Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: 1. A study of wall synthesis has been made by following the incorporation of radioactive @entity1 and @entity4 into the cytoplasm and wall of @entity0 . 2. Both @entity1 and @entity4 are incorporated into a mannan glycopeptide. The @entity1 is also synthesized into a structural glucan of the wall. 3. The mannan glycopeptide contains high-molecular-weight mannan and low-molecular-weight @entity5 and oligosaccharide units composed of @entity5 . Both types of @entity2 are attached to the peptide. The extent of radioactive incorporation into these different @entity2 constituents of the glycopeptide remained constant during a pulse-chase experiment. No evidence of a sequential synthesis of oligosaccharides and high-molecular-weight mannan was obtained. 4. @entity3 inhibits the incorporation of @entity4 into the wall but only partially inhibits the incorporation of @entity1 . Thus not all the polysaccharide deposited into the wall is dependent on a simultaneous peptide synthesis and incorporation. 5. Protoplasts grown in an iso-osmotic medium secreted a mannan polymer that was probably a glycopeptide.

title: XXXX cell-wall synthesis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In Japan, long-term 14-membered @entity14 administration is chosen as a first line therapy against @entity4 ( @entity4 ) such as @entity15 , @entity12 and chronic @entity11 . However, sometimes acute exacerbations occur in these cases, even if therapy is effective. We investigated 18 episodes of @entity4 exacerbations that were caused by @entity1 during long-term macrolides therapy from 1991 to 1999 to clarify the clinical features and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in @entity5 . Exacerbations did not occur only in winter season, but also in other seasons. Among 18 episodes of exacerbation, only 7 episodes (39%) revealed infiltration in chest roentogenogram and few episodes revealed marked elevations of @entity0 markers in laboratory data. Intermediate resistance or resistance rates of @entity5 isolated from sputum or transtracheal aspiration were 100% to @entity8 , 67% to @entity9 or @entity3 , 11% to @entity2 , and 0% to @entity16 or @entity7 . Coresistance to @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity3 was seen in a half of the episodes. Resistance was not correlated with the duration of @entity13 administration. All episodes were mainly treated with @entity10 agents or @entity6 and cured successfully. These findings suggest that acute exacerbations in @entity4 caused by @entity5 during long-term macrolides therapy do not reveal severe clinical aspects and can be treated successfully at present, but attention should be paid to the trend of antibiotic susceptibility in @entity5 .

title: [Acute exacerbations due to XXXX in @entity4 during long-term macrolide therapy].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Distinguishing surgically remedial forms from other causes of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) may be difficult, and it is made more challenging by the earlier detection of milder disease. The technical demands of bilateral adrenal vein sampling (AVS)-increasingly advocated for localizing a unilateral autonomous lesion (UAL)- and lack of agreed criteria for establishing unilateral autonomy, add further to the diagnostic challenge. This retrospective review of 49 @entity5 @entity0 with unequivocal @entity3 (41 with surgically proven and remedial UAL, eight @entity0 with @entity2 ) analyzes the value of computerized tomography adrenal scanning (n = 32), 4 h erect posture testing (n = 42), and AVS (n = 27) in predicting and lateralizing a surgically remedial lesion. A fall in plasma @entity4 during 4 h erect posture (positive test) occurred in 63% of @entity0 with UAL and in none with @entity2 . A positive posture test or computerized tomography adrenal scan (single focal macroadenoma) both had high positive predictive value (100% and 89% respectively), but low sensitivity for diagnosis of UAL. AVS, undertaken during low dose ACTH stimulation, localized the UAL in all cases (positive predictive value 100%) where the @entity4 / @entity1 ratio of blood drawn from the uninvolved gland was less than that of peripheral blood (contralateral ratio <1). Biochemical severity, reflected by overnight supine plasma @entity4 , was strongly correlated with the degree of contralateral gland suppression (n = 16, r = 0.79, P < 0.001). Importantly, the AVS findings show that when bilateral access is not possible, UAL can be successfully lateralized when only one adrenal vein (the contralateral) is accessed, or the ipsilateral vein is sampled in subjects whose posture test was positive. In this series of @entity0 with overt ( @entity5 ) @entity3 , preoperative testing successfully identified a surgically remedial lesion in 39 of 41 cases. Confirmation of the recommended diagnostic approach must now await larger prospective studies.

title: Predicting surgically remedial XXXX : role of adrenal scanning, posture testing, and adrenal vein sampling.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is the only neuroprotective therapy advocated in acute non-penetrating @entity4 . Trials indicate improved neurological outcome following early administration of a high dose regime. The National Spinal Injuries Unit (NSIU) has promoted this regime by a simple laminated poster sent to all Irish A_E departments. AIM: To assess the use of @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: A retrospective audit of @entity0 data for all @entity0 admitted with traumatic @entity1 over a 12-month period. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-six @entity0 were admitted during the study period, 28 (14%) received intravenous @entity5 of which six had clear records documenting compliance. One @entity0 received both @entity3 and @entity5 in high doses and three had incorrect bolus dosages administered. Six @entity0 received @entity5 infusion longer than the protocol, while five @entity0 were given infusions shorter than recommended. Three @entity0 were admitted to the unit that could have received the @entity2 regime at the point of transfer. CONCLUSIONS: There was poor documentation of prescription orders and timing of administration. Only six @entity0 had clear documentation allowing confirmation of adherence to the protocol of the National Acute @entity4 Study (NASCIS) III trial.

title: @entity5 in acute XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 @entity3 is seasonal or sometimes non-seasonal immune-mediated @entity3 which occurs commonly in Korea. The definite clinical sign is systemic @entity1 , especially on periocular parts, external ear, interdigit spaces and lateral flank. For diagnosis of this @entity5 , complete history taking followed by intradermal skin test and serum in vitro IgE test needs to be performed. Allergen selection for the diagnosis and treatment of @entity4 should be varied geographically. In this study, with intradermal skin test(IDST) the prevalence of @entity0 and what allergens are involved in are researched. Allergens used for IDST included 26 allergen extracts from six allergen groups: grasses, trees, weeds, molds, epidermal allergens and environmental allergens. The number of allergens was 42 in which the positive and negative controls are included. The most common positive allergen reaction was the house dust mites on IDST(22/35, 63%). The other positive allergen reactions were to flea(3/35, 9%), molds(1/35, 3%), house dusts(2/35, 6%), feathers (1/35, 3%), cedar/juniper(1/35, 3%), timothy grass(1/35, 3%) and dandelion(1/35, 3%). In this study, the most prevalent allergen causing @entity4 in @entity2 in Korea was the house dust mites followed by the flea.

title: Allergens causing @entity0 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Introduction. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is preferred for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Many providers monitor LMWH with anti-Xa levels, despite little validation on correspondence with @entity0 outcome. Methods. This is a retrospective, single institution study of anti-Xa measurement in malignancy-associated @entity3 . Cases were identified using the Electronic Data Warehouse, and inclusion was confirmed by two independent reviewers. Malignancy type, thrombotic history, measurement rationale and accuracy, clinical context, and management changes were evaluated. Results. 167 cases met inclusion criteria. There was no clear rationale for anti-Xa testing in 56%. @entity1 (10%), documented or suspected recurrent @entity3 despite anticoagulation (9%), and @entity2 (6%) were the most common reasons for testing. Incorrect measurement occurred in 44%. @entity1 was not a significant impetus for testing, as 70% had a GFR > 60. BMI > 30 was present in 40%, and 28% had a BMI < 25. Clinical impact was low, as only 11% of @entity0 had management changes. Conclusions. Provider education in accuracy and rationale for anti-Xa testing is needed. Our study illustrates uncertainty of interpretation and clinical impact of routine anti-Xa testing, as management was affected in few @entity0 . It is not yet clear in which clinical context providers should send anti-Xa levels.

title: Clinical Use of Anti-Xa Monitoring in Malignancy-Associated XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine how linear growth and fat and lean tissue gain during discrete age periods from birth to adolescence are related to adolescent cardiometabolic risk factors and cognitive ability. METHODS: Adolescents born to mothers with normal @entity2 tolerance during pregnancy from an Indian birth cohort (N = 486, age 13.5 years) had detailed anthropometry and measurements of body fat (fat%), fasting plasma @entity2 , insulin and lipid concentrations, blood pressure and cognitive function. Insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated. These outcomes were examined in relation to birth measurements and statistically independent measures (conditional SD scores) representing linear growth, and fat and lean tissue gain during birth-1, 1-2, 2-5, 5-9.5 and 9.5-13.5 years in 414 of the @entity0 with measurements at all these ages. RESULTS: Birth length and linear growth at all ages were positively associated with current height. Fat gain, particularly during 5-9.5 years was positively associated with fat% at 13.5 years (0.44 SD per SD [99.9% confidence interval: 0.29,0.58]). Greater fat gain during mid-late childhood was associated with higher systolic blood pressure (5-9.5 years: 0.23 SD per SD [0.07,0.40]) and HOMA-IR (5-9.5 years: 0.24 [0.08,0.40], 9.5-13.5 years: 0.22 [0.06,0.38]). Greater @entity0 growth (up to age 2 years) in linear, fat or lean components was unrelated to @entity1 . CONCLUSION: This study suggests that factors that increase linear, fat and lean growth in infancy have no adverse cardiometabolic effects in this population. Factors that increase fat gain in mid-late childhood may increase cardiometabolic risk, without any benefit to cognitive abilities.

title: Linear Growth and Fat and Lean Tissue Gain during Childhood: Associations with Cardiometabolic and Cognitive Outcomes in Adolescent Indian XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous reports demonstrate that 1-year survival is severely compromised in @entity0 with severe @entity2 ( @entity2 ) after lung transplantation. We examined if advances in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support, including @entity4 oxygenators and reliance on venovenous (VV) ECMO have improved outcomes in @entity0 with severe @entity2 after lung transplantation. METHODS: The analysis included data prospectively collected on all single-lung or double-lung transplants between November 2001 and December 2009. Heart-lung transplants were excluded. Comparisons were made between recipients who did and did not require ECMO for @entity2 after transplant. RESULTS: Since November 2001, when VV ECMO became the routine treatment for severe @entity2 after transplant at our center, 28 of 498 @entity0 (6%) have required VV ECMO support. Successful weaning occurred in 27 of 28 (96%). Support was withdrawn for 1 @entity0 with irreversible @entity1 . Survival was substantially better than in previous reports: 30 days, 82%; 1 year, 64%; and 5 years, 49%. Freedom from @entity3 was 88% in the ECMO survivors at 3 years, but maximum allograft function was considerably worse than in transplant recipients not requiring ECMO (peak forced expiratory volume in 1 second: 58% in ECMO vs 83% in non-ECMO, p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Advances in ECMO technology, particularly VV ECMO, have greatly improved the ability to support @entity0 with severe @entity2 after lung transplantation. VV ECMO is an important tool in the armamentarium of any lung transplant program to optimize @entity0 outcomes; however, strategies to improve lung allograft function in @entity0 experiencing severe @entity2 are still needed.

title: Improved survival but marginal allograft function in XXXX treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation after lung transplantation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Laryngotracheal @entity1 is life-threatening. We identified 23 @entity0 between 1992 and 1998 with laryngeal (12), tracheal (8), and combined injuries (3). Nineteen @entity0 had penetrating @entity1 (gunshot wound, 12; stab wound, 7), and four @entity0 had @entity2 . Flexible laryngoscopy identified the injury in 8 of 12 @entity0 (75%), and computer tomography scan was positive in 9 of 9 @entity0 (100%). Twelve of the 19 @entity0 with penetrating wounds were managed by primary repair, 4 had endotracheal intubation without surgical repair, and 3 were observed. No @entity0 with a blunt @entity1 required repair. Two had endotracheal intubation, and two were observed. A high index of suspicion is essential to identifying @entity1 . Computer tomography scan is a sensitive diagnostic test for @entity1 , and may be indicated despite normal flexible laryngoscopy. The decision to repair injuries or observe injuries is primarily based on respiratory distress and associated injuries.

title: Diagnosis and management of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: This report describes the neuropathology of progressive axonopathy (PA), an @entity1 of Boxer @entity3 , which affects CNS and PNS. The nerve roots contain numerous myelin bubbles and proximal paranodal axonal swellings containing vesicles, vesiculo-tubular profiles and disorganized neurofilaments. The myelin sheath overlying such swellings is often attenuated. As the disease develops there are progressive changes in the myelin sheath with thinning at paranodal and internodal locations, loss of myelin from lengths of axon and the formation of short internodes with disproportionately thin sheaths. The abnormalities show a very definite selectivity for nerve roots and proximal nerves. Conversely, the frequency of degeneration and regeneration is greater distally except in the cervical ventral roots which contain numerous regenerating clusters. In the CNS numerous axonal spheroids are found in the lateral and ventral columns of the spinal cord and in various brain stem nuclei, particularly the superior olives, accessory cuneate nuclei and lateral lemniscus and its nucleus. @entity4 which occurs mainly in the cord shows no obvious tract or proximal/distal selectivity. The optic pathways are also involved, predominantly adjacent to the chiasma. The autonomic nervous system is affected and distal limb muscles show varying, but usually minor, degrees of @entity2 . The condition, which has no obvious direct parallel in @entity0 or veterinary medicine, shows gross disturbances of axon-glial inter-relationships in both CNS and PNS.

title: Progressive axonopathy: an @entity1 of boxer XXXX . 2. The nature and distribution of the pathological changes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To review the efficacy of treatment of high-flow @entity2 with superselective transcatheter embolization. METHODS: Over a 2-year period, we reviewed five @entity0 who were treated for traumatic high-flow @entity2 with superselective embolization. All @entity0 underwent diagnostic angiography that demonstrated a communication between the cavernosal artery and the corpora cavernosa. Each identified @entity1 was embolized using gel-foam, @entity3 , microcoils, or a combination of these. RESULTS: All five @entity0 had successful detumesence of @entity2 postprocedure. There was normal recurrence of early morning erection with successful detumescence for each @entity0 within a 2- to 4-week period. Two of five @entity0 (40%) presented with recurrence of @entity2 at 6 months and required a repeat embolization procedure. At 1 year, four of the five @entity0 (80%) had normal erectile function. CONCLUSION: Superselective transcatheter embolization is a useful therapeutic modality in the treatment of high-flow @entity2 . It provides equivalent rates of detumesence when compared to surgical techniques, and appears to have a greater success in preserving erectile function.

title: Treatment of "high-flow" XXXX with superselective transcatheter embolization: a useful alternative to surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity10 red pulp small @entity8 (SDRPL) is considered an indolent @entity1 and its pathogenesis is not well known. We investigated the molecular characteristics of 19 SDRPL @entity0 , 5 of them with progressive disease. IGHV genes were mutated in 9/13 (69%). Cytogenetic and molecular studies identified complex karyotypes in 2 cases, and @entity12 rearrangements in 3, with @entity11 and potentially @entity14 as partners in each one of them. Copy number arrays showed aberrations in 69% of the @entity1 , including recurrent losses of 10q23, 14q31-q32, and 17p13 in 3, and 9p21 in 2 cases. Deletion of 7q31.3-q32.3 was present in only 1 case and no trisomies 3 or 18 were detected. @entity2 and @entity13 were mutated in 2 cases each, whereas @entity6 , @entity7 , and @entity15 were mutated each in single cases. No mutations were found in @entity3 or @entity9 . Four of the 5 @entity0 with @entity4 had mutations in @entity2 (2 cases), @entity7 (1 case), and @entity13 (1 case). The progression-free survival of @entity0 with mutated genes was significantly shorter than in the unmutated (P=0.011). These findings show that SDRPL share some mutated genes but not chromosomal alterations, with other @entity5 , that may confer a more @entity4 .

title: @entity2 , @entity7 , and @entity13 Mutations in Splenic Diffuse Red Pulp XXXX Are Associated With Progressive Disease.

answer: @entity8


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The dire effects of @entity1 -induced @entity7 undermine treatment and contribute to decreased survival rates. Therapeutic options for this syndrome are limited, and therefore efforts to identify signs of precachexia in @entity1 @entity0 are necessary for early intervention. The applications of molecular and functional imaging that would enable a whole-body "holistic" approach to this problem may lead to new insights and advances for diagnosis and treatment of this syndrome. Here we have developed a myoblast optical reporter system with the purpose of identifying early cachectic events. We generated a myoblast cell line expressing a dual tdTomato:GFP construct that was grafted onto the muscle of @entity2 -bearing @entity0 @entity5 xenografts to provide noninvasive live imaging of events associated with @entity1 -induced @entity7 (i.e., @entity4 ). Real-time optical imaging detected a strong tdTomato fluorescent signal from skeletal muscle grafts in @entity2 with weight losses of only 1.2% to 2.7% and @entity1 burdens of only approximately 79 to 170 mm(3). Weight loss in cachectic animals was also associated with a depletion of lipid, @entity3 , @entity9 , and @entity8 levels, which may provide informative biomarkers of @entity7 . Taken together, our findings demonstrate the utility of a reporter system that is capable of tracking @entity1 -induced @entity4 , an early marker of @entity7 . Future studies incorporating resected tissue from @entity0 @entity6 into a reporter-carrying @entity2 may be able to provide a risk assessment of @entity7 , with possible implications for therapeutic development. @entity1 Res; 76(6); 1-10.   2015 AACR.

title: Detection of XXXX Using a Fluorescent Myoblast Reporter System and Analysis of Metabolite Abundance.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Fungi are ubiquitous in nature but have low virulence and cause disease usually when the host defenses are compromised. @entity5 of the central nervous system are rare and are usually seen in immunocompromised @entity0 . However, in recent years, there has been an increase in the number of @entity11 in immunocompetent individuals. Intracranial @entity5 are rare space-occupying lesions. Among these, @entity7 is the most common. Craniocerebral involvement by @entity10 usually occurs via the hematogenous route or through contiguous spread from the paranasal sinuses. Predominant symptoms associated with cranial @entity5 include @entity2 , @entity6 , proptosis, and @entity4 . Common signs include @entity9 , @entity3 , @entity8 , and meningismus. We present a case of invasive @entity7 in an immunocompetent individual, who presented with a palpable mass in the buccal mucosa following removal of an impacted mandibular third molar but with no other characteristic signs and symptoms of invasive @entity5 . To our knowledge, there is no documentation of @entity10 presenting as a @entity1 . @entity1 should be viewed with a high degree of suspicion and investigated thoroughly at the earliest.

title: Invasive aspergillosis presenting as XXXX in an immunocompetent individual.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 , is difficult to treat. @entity0 often report transverse @entity4 that radiates into the sacroiliac joints. Radicular or claudicatory symptoms are generally absent unless there is concomitant nerve compression. Physical examination findings are often unremarkable. Radiographic examination may reveal disk space narrowing, @entity2 , or vacuum phenomenon in the disk; magnetic resonance imaging is useful for revealing hydration of the disk, annular bulging, or lumbar spine end-plate (Modic) changes in the adjacent vertebral bodies. The use of diskography as a confirmatory study remains controversial. Recent prospective, randomized trials and meta-analyses of the literature have helped expand what is known about @entity1 . In most @entity0 with @entity4 , symptoms resolve without surgical intervention; physical therapy and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are the cornerstones of nonsurgical treatment. Intradiskal electrothermal treatment has not been shown to be effective, and arthrodesis remains controversial for the treatment of @entity3 . Nucleus replacement and motion-sparing technology are too new to have demonstrated long-term data regarding their efficacy.

title: Management of symptomatic XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 epidemic has not spared the population with @entity3 . @entity1 impacts prognosis after kidney transplantation, as markers of @entity1 are associated with worse outcomes (e.g. delayed graft function, graft failure, @entity2 , costs) compared with ideal values in most studies. @entity1 is also potentially modifiable. Kidney transplants are a scarce resource and the obligation to steward organs to good outcomes is inherent in transplant practice. Thus, it is appropriate to establish pretransplant @entity4 targets and engage @entity1 @entity0 seeking transplantation in shared responsibility agreements to strive to reach goals. Nonetheless, important caveats may qualify the stringency of pretransplant @entity4 requirements. @entity1 @entity0 (who are otherwise healthy enough for transplant) may benefit from transplantation compared with long-term dialysis based on metrics such as improved long-term survival and lower cardiac risk. When optimal @entity4 is difficult to achieve, factors in a given program's ability to extend the limits of @entity1 acceptable for safe and effective transplantation include expertise (e.g. surgical approaches and clinical management), tolerance for risk based on overall performance and tolerance for costs. More research is needed, including formal cost-effectiveness studies of transplantation in @entity1 @entity0 to determine if payers (e.g. Medicare) and society should be compensating programs for clinical and financial risks, and whether the risks are worth taking. To generate evidence to better guide management, prospective evaluations of the impact of intentional @entity4 strategies in this population, including studies of dietary change, monitored exercise and bariatric surgery, are also urgently needed.

title: Pro: Pretransplant XXXX : yes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: This study aims to determine the frequency of behaviour change and related factors generated in the population through the "Fighting Obesity Campaign" of the Turkish Ministry of Health. METHODS: Twelve statistical regions from NUTS-1 and 18 provinces were selected for the study sample. At least one province from each region was randomly selected, and stratawere defined as urban or rural. Of the sample selected, 2,038 respondents completed a face-to-face survey. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyse the data. Changing behaviour as result of the campaign was defined as the dependent variable. Behaviour change was defined as an individual taking at least one action to increase physical activity, calculate her/his Body Mass Index (BMI) or minimise meal portions. RESULTS: Of the sample selected, 84% of @entity0 lived in urban areas. Of total sample selected, 49.8% were @entity0 and 50.2% were @entity0 . According to BMI categorisation, 41.4% of @entity0 were underweight or normal weight, 34.3% were overweight and 24.3% were @entity1 . Of the total @entity0 , 85.2% learned about the "Fighting-Obesity Campaign" through television, 28.1% through radio, 11.0% from newspapers, 6.0% from billboards, and 19.2% from other sources. This study revealed that 28.5% of the @entity0 adopted desired behavioural changes after exposure to the campaign. Logistic regression results demonstrated that behaviour change is greater among @entity0 , individuals living in urban settings, group of @entity0 approving public spots, @entity1 individuals, and among the 20-39 age group. CONCLUSION: Media campaigns may cause behavioural changes by increasing motivation to prevent @entity1 within the target population. Con- tinuing these campaigns can lead to success at the national level.

title: Fighting XXXX campaign in Turkey: evaluation of media campaign efficacy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunophenotyping has replaced cytochemical staining as the preferred technique for classifying @entity7 . However, some @entity7 ( @entity7 ) lack lineage-associated markers. In our experience, @entity10 ( @entity10 ) is expressed in immature @entity0 monocytes. We hypothesized that @entity10 is a useful marker for monocytic @entity7 . OBJECTIVES: The objective was to compare @entity10 expression in neoplastic cells from @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ), @entity2 ( @entity4 ), and @entity7 . METHODS: @entity10 results were retrieved from medical records of @entity0 with @entity7 . Smears from @entity0 with @entity1 or @entity5 were also prospectively stained for @entity10 activity. @entity3 was based on persistent @entity8 (10  *  10(9) /L) and @entity7 on >=   20% blasts in blood or bone marrow. @entity4 was classified based on positive phenotyping for T- or B-lymphocyte antigens, and @entity7 on positive phenotyping for CD11b, CD11c or @entity11 , or cytochemical staining for @entity6 esterase, Sudan Black B, or myeloperoxidase. RESULTS: There was no @entity10 activity in all 49 @entity1 and 7 CLLs. Weak @entity10 activity was seen in 31% of 14 @entity4 (all @entity4 ). @entity10 activity was seen in all 20 @entity7 (P  <  .001 vs @entity4 ) with strong activity in 64% (vs 25% @entity4 ) in most neoplastic cells (median 75% vs 9% @entity4 , P  =  .020). Of @entity7 , 80% were @entity9 + (vs 39% @entity4 , P  =  .027) and 100% were MHCII- (vs 43% @entity4 , P  =  .002). CONCLUSIONS: @entity10 activity may be useful for @entity7 confirmation in @entity0 , particularly if neoplastic cells only express @entity9 + on immunophenotyping.

title: @entity10 is a useful cytochemical marker for the diagnosis of acute myelomonocytic and XXXX in the @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We present 2 @entity0 with free perforation of the anterior wall of the Roux limb due to marginal @entity2 after an antecolic laparoscopic gastric bypass and describe the surgical management and laparoscopic repair technique. METHODS: A 15 mm Hg pneumoperitoneum was established with a Veress needle via the left subcostal approach in both @entity0 . Entrance into the abdomen was achieved with the 5 mm Optiview blunt trocar. The Genzyme liver retractor was used to lift the left lobe of the liver and expose the gastrojejunal @entity1 . A 30 degrees 5 mm telescope was used for visualization. In both cases, free fluid and purulent material were noted in the subdiaphragmatic region and along the right paracolic gutter, but the gastrojejunal anastomoses was intact. A 1 cm perforation with surrounding inflammatory exudate was identified on the anterior surface of the Roux limb distal to the gastrojejunostomy. The edges were debrided and intracorporeal 1-layer repair of the @entity2 was performed with simple interrupted 2-0 Vicryl sutures. Fibrin glue was applied to the suture line and covered with an omental onlay patch. The @entity1 was tested with air insufflation and @entity3 dye with no evidence of a leak. A Jackson-Pratt drain was placed in the left upper quadrant. RESULTS: Both @entity0 underwent an unremarkable hospital course, and follow-up EGD examination after 3 months revealed no evidence of @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic exploration and the repair of the gastrointestinal perforations in @entity0 with a recent history of laparoscopic RYGBP is safe, if @entity0 are hemodynamically stable and present within the first 24 hours of the onset of symptoms.

title: Laparoscopic repair of a free perforation of a marginal XXXX after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a safe alternative to open exploration.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: (1) To collect, analyze and synthetize the evidence on @entity0 diagnosis as defined by Pope et al. and (2) To discuss its appropriate nosology and inclusion as a specific category in @entity1 classificatory systems. METHOD: A systematic search in the MEDLINE, the PsycNET, the LILACS and SciELO databases and in the International Journal of Eating Disorders was conducted looking for articles published between January 1997 and October 2014 and in EMBASE database between January 1997 and August 2013. Only epidemiological and analytical studies were considered for selection. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed according to the Evidence-Based Mental Health and the National Health and Medical Research Council's guidelines. The support for inclusion of @entity0 in @entity1 classificatory systems was examined against Blashfield et al.'s criteria. RESULTS: Thirty-four articles were considered eligible out of 5136. Most of the studies were cross-sectional and enrolled small, non-clinical samples. The methodological quality of all selected papers was graded at the lowest hierarchical level due to studies' designs. Forty-one percent of the publications considered the available evidence insufficient to support the inclusion of @entity0 in any existing @entity1 . The current literature does not fulfill Blashfield et al.'s criteria for the inclusion of @entity0 as a specific entity in @entity1 diagnostic manuals. CONCLUSION: The current evidence does not ensure the validity, clinical utility, nosological classification and inclusion of @entity0 as a new disorder in classificatory systems of @entity1 .

title: Systematic review of the diagnostic category XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a genetically heterogeneous @entity2 arising from @entity6 of motile cilia and sperm. This is associated with a variety of ultrastructural defects of the cilia and sperm axoneme that affect movement, leading to clinical consequences on respiratory-tract mucociliary clearance and lung function, fertility, and left-right body- @entity4 determination. We performed whole-genome SNP-based linkage analysis in seven consanguineous families with @entity3 and central-microtubular-pair abnormalities. This identified two loci, in two families with intermittent absence of the central-pair structure (chromosome 6p21.1, Zmax 6.7) and in five families with complete absence of the central pair (chromosome 6q22.1, Zmax 7.0). Mutations were subsequently identified in two positional candidate genes, @entity7 on chromosome 6p21.1 and @entity8 on chromosome 6q22.1. Haplotype analysis identified a common ancestral founder effect @entity8 mutation present in UK-Pakistani pedigrees. Both @entity7 and @entity8 encode protein components of the axonemal radial spoke head. In situ hybridization of @entity1 @entity9 shows gene expression restricted to regions containing motile cilia. Investigation of the effect of knockdown or mutations of @entity7 orthologs in @entity5 and Chlamydomonas indicate that radial spoke head proteins are important in maintaining normal movement in motile, "9+2"-structure cilia and flagella. This effect is rescued by reintroduction of gene expression for restoration of a normal beat pattern in @entity5 . Disturbance in function of these genes was not associated with defects in @entity4 in @entity0 or @entity5 .

title: Mutations in radial spoke head protein genes XXXX and @entity8 cause primary @entity3 with central-microtubular-pair abnormalities.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: Recently, @entity3 has been used to treat @entity1 ( @entity1 ) refractory to conventional treatment such as plasmapheresis, intravenous immunoglobulin, and rituximab. The authors aimed to describe their experiences when @entity3 was used to treat refractory @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eleven refractory @entity1 episodes treated with @entity3 were included in this study. The @entity0 received one or two cycles of @entity3 (1.3 mg/m  ) on days 1, 4, 8, and 11. RESULTS: @entity3 effectively reduced antibodies against various targets, including human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II, @entity4 . Antibodies were depleted or reduced significantly in eight @entity1 episodes. Overall, there was a significant improvement in the mean estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at 3 months after therapy (36.91  22.15 mL/ @entity2 .73 m  ) versus eGFR at time of @entity1 diagnosis (17.00  9.25 mL/ @entity2 .73 m  ; p=0.007). All six early-onset @entity1 episodes (within 6 months post-transplantation) showed full recovery of allograft function. Additionally, three of the five late-onset @entity1 episodes (>6 months post-transplantation) showed improved allograft function. CONCLUSION: Anti-humoral treatment based on @entity3 might be an effective strategy against refractory @entity1 caused by various types of antibodies. Notably, this treatment could be more effective in early-onset @entity1 than in late-onset @entity1 .

title: The Effect of XXXX on Antibody-Mediated Rejection after Kidney Transplantation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 have been described in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in isolated case reports, and most of these have been reported to be @entity4 . OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to determine the frequency, imaging, and histopathologic characteristics of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: Available abdominal imaging of @entity0 with @entity6 was retrospectively reviewed to note the presence of any focal @entity5 , its location, and imaging characteristics. Other findings including signs of @entity3 , portal lymph nodes, and splenic and @entity1 were also noted. Findings were correlated with pathology in available cases and with clinical follow-up. RESULTS: Of 55 @entity0 with clinically and/or genetically confirmed @entity6 followed in the liver clinic, 39 (19 @entity0 , 20 @entity0 ; mean age 8.9 years) with imaging available on picture archival and communication system were included in the study. Focal @entity2 were seen in 12 of the 39 (30%) @entity0 , solitary in 11 and multiple in 1. Ten of these @entity0 had a large nodule adjacent to the right portal vein. The median diameter of the lesions was 8.1 cm (range 5.6-9.8 cm). Magnetic resonance imaging features and pathology in available cases were suggestive of a regenerative nodule. a-fetoprotein levels were normal in all except 1 @entity0 who had mild elevation. CONCLUSIONS: Combining our series and previous case reports, the presence of a large nodule adjacent to the right portal vein appears to be a common finding in @entity6 . The typical location, normal a-fetoprotein levels, and magnetic resonance imaging features with vessels coursing through the lesion can reliably differentiate this benign nodule from @entity4 .

title: Solitary Hepatic Nodule Adjacent to the Right Portal Vein: A Common Finding of XXXX ?

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The A/J and C57BL/6J @entity1 strains differ markedly in their exploratory behavior and their weight gain on a high-fat diet. We examined the genetic contributions of exploratory behavior to body weight and tested for shared, pleiotropic loci influencing energy homeostasis. RESEARCH METHODS AND PROCEDURES: Segregating (AxB6)F2 intercross (n = 514) and (B6AF1xA/J)N2 backcross (N = 223) populations were studied, phenotyping for weight and exploratory behaviors. Relationships among traits were analyzed by correlations. Weight traits were dissected with a genome-wide scan. RESULTS: Modest correlations were found between exploratory behaviors and weight, explaining 2% to 14% of the variance. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for body weight at 8 weeks (wgt8), 10 weeks (wgt10), and 2-week weight gain (difference between weeks 8 and 10) on a 6% fat diet were mapped. Two QTL on chromosome 1 (peaks at 66 cM and 100 cM; @entity3 ) affected wgt8 [likelihood of the odds ratio (Lod), 3.0 and 4.4] and wgt10 (Lod, 2.2 and 3.4), respectively. In the backcross, a significant QTL on chromosome 4 (peak at 66 cM; @entity4 ) affected wgt 8 (Lod, 3.3) and wgt10 (Lod, 3.1). For 2-week weight gain, suggestive QTL were mapped on chromosomes 4 and 6. The chromosome 6 QTL region overlaps a @entity0 7q locus for @entity2 . A search for between-strain sequence polymorphisms in the leptin and NPY genes was unrevealing. DISCUSSION: In @entity1 , loci influencing exploratory activity play a modest role in body-weight regulation. Some forms of @entity2 may emerge from loci regulating normal body weight.

title: Genetic contributions to body weight in XXXX : relationship of exploratory behavior to weight.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The efficacy of both preliminary and continuous hemodialysis during extracorporeal circulation (ECC) was evaluated in the pediatric population. Preliminary hemodialysis of the priming solution was initiated in eight @entity0 ( @entity1 -I group), while both preliminary and continuous hemodialysis during ECC was performed in another eight @entity0 ( @entity1 -II group). The control group which consisted of eight @entity0 did not undergo hemodialysis. Urine volume during ECC, perfusion pressure, and water balance were measured and compared among the three groups. In the @entity1 , the total urine volume during ECC was greater than in control group, but there was no significant difference. In the control group, the perfusion pressure temporally decreased after the pump was operating for five minutes, but the perfusion pressures remained stable in the @entity1 . Therefore, preliminary hemodialysis appears to prevent the "initial drop" seen in perfusion pressures. Water balance in the control group tended to be in positive balance, but both the @entity1 appeared to be in negative balance. Significant differences between @entity1 -I and @entity1 -II in contrast to the control group (p < 0.05) and p < 0.04, respectively) were observed. Preliminary hemodialysis is useful during ECC in @entity0 and @entity0 because by maintaining perfusion pressure urine output remains adequate while a net negative water balance is achieved. Preliminary hemodialysis will increase the continuous hemodialysis in @entity0 who are subjected to prolonged extracorporeal circulation.

title: [Role for preliminary and continuous hemodialysis during extracorporeal circulation in @entity0 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: We describe a method for evaluating the value of increased cost of pharmacological augmentation that, taken for 6 weeks, accelerates the action of an antidepressant. We test the hypothesis that, if onset of action is taken into account, any added direct costs of the augmenting agent are offset by longer term cost effectiveness. Data to illustrate the method were based on a double-blind randomized placebo controlled study, in which 80 @entity0 originally took part. @entity0 received the selective @entity1 reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant @entity2 and an augmenting agent ( @entity3 ) or placebo. After 6 weeks, @entity0 were offered SSRI alone on an open label basis for up to 6 months. At that point they were discharged to their general practitioner or local psychiatric services and subsequently assessed by us at one year. We have used techniques of decision analysis, cost effectiveness and cost benefit and have included a sensitivity analysis. The direct costs over one year of SSRI and augmenting agent, if taking the acceleration effect into account, represented greater cost effectiveness than the SSRI antidepressant alone. The cost effectiveness analysis was positive in both cases. We conclude that the direct costs of treatment are higher than those of previous calculated with SSRIs; but the rate of onset must be taken into account. The application of the model appears valid and useful, and may be used as part of the evaluation of other augmentation regimes.

title: Cost effectiveness study of a year follow-up of selective XXXX reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and augmentor combination compared with SSRI and placebo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Numerous studies, including those using animal models of @entity3 development and @entity0 clinical trials, have shown that the non-selective muscarinic antagonist @entity4 is effective in preventing the axial elongation that leads to @entity3 development. Among all of the muscarinic @entity2 receptors (mAChRs), @entity6 (M1) was the most effective in preventing @entity1 . Our specific aim in this study was to examine the association between @entity3 and polymorphisms within the muscarinic @entity2 receptors 1 gene ( @entity5 ). METHODS: The @entity0 comprised of a @entity3 group (n=194; age range, 17-24 years) having a myopic spherical equivalent greater than 6.5 diopters (D) and a control group (n=109; age range, 17-25 years) having a myopic spherical equivalent less than 0.5 D. Genotyping was performed using an assay-on-demand allelic discrimination assay. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed using 96 well plates on a thermal cycler. The polymorphisms detected were S1 ( @entity5 rs11823728), S2 ( @entity5 rs544978), S3 ( @entity5 rs2186410), and S4 ( @entity5 rs542269). RESULTS: There was a significant difference in the distribution of S2 and S4 between the @entity3 and control groups (p=2.40 x 10(-6) and 2.38 x 10(-8), respectively). The odds ratios of AA genotype of S2 and GG genotype of S4 were both 0.08 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.02-0.29 and 0.02-0.36, respectively). Logistic regression test revealed S1, S2, and S4 @entity5 as all being significant in the development of @entity3 . Moreover, the distributions of haplotype 4 (Ht4; C/A/A/A) differed significantly between the two groups (p=3.4 x 10(-5), odds ratio: 0.1, 95% CI: 0.03-0.34). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the S2 and S4 polymorphisms of @entity5 are associated with susceptibility for developing @entity3 . S1, S2, and S4 @entity5 had a co-operative association with @entity3 .

title: Muscarinic @entity2 receptor 1 gene polymorphisms associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Although not well known, @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is an important cause of @entity6 , which may lead to decreased quality of life, disability and @entity2 . This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and prevalence of @entity7 , to estimate its impact on the quality of life and to determine its association with @entity3 , @entity5 and disability in @entity0 at public hospitals in S  o Lu  s, MA. METHODS: Cross-sectional, descriptive and analytical study. Eighteen @entity0 characterized as having @entity7 were selected, and their clinical, epidemiological and psychological characteristics, their quality of life and their levels of physical fitness were evaluated through clinical evaluations, Beck questionnaires, the Short Form-36 (SF-36), the Rolland-Morris questionnaire and the Douleur Neurophatique 4 questions. The multidimensional @entity4 evaluation was performed using the McGill Pain Questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of post-laminectomy @entity4 was 60  %. Most of the @entity0 assessed in this study were male and received a family income of up to minimum wage; their mean age was 45  years. All of the @entity0 presented with chronic, intense @entity4 that had lasted an average of 7.22  years. The prevalence of @entity1 was 89.9  %. The physical appearance and functional capacity domains of the SF-36 were classified as unsatisfactory in 94.4 and 83.3  % of the @entity0 , respectively. None of the @entity0 exhibited high levels of physical fitness. The average score was 21.33 for @entity3 and 18.88 for @entity5 . There was a strongly positive and significant relationship between the @entity3 and @entity5 scores. Additionally, there was a moderately positive and significant relationship between the disability and @entity3 scores. Regarding the correlation between the @entity4 intensity and the quality of life, there was a moderately significant relationship between the @entity0 ' mental health and their vitality. CONCLUSION: @entity7 exhibits a high prevalence and significance, and it causes high levels of morbidity in @entity0 . Furthermore, @entity7 features intense levels of @entity4 , reduced quality of life and greater physical and occupational disability.

title: Clinical evaluation of the XXXX in public hospitals in the city of S  o Lu  s, Brazil.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: The treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a challenge because its cause remains unknown. Previous clinical trials to examine the efficacy of probiotic Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity2 showed inconsistent findings. This study aimed to assess the combined effect of @entity4 on reducing symptom severity of @entity2 based on the published data. METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted using fixed-effect models to estimate the combined effect of @entity4 on primary outcomes, which included @entity1 , @entity3 /distention, and bowel habit satisfaction. A systemic review was performed based on PubMed, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases to identify the randomized controlled trials comparing probiotics @entity4 with placebo in treating @entity2 symptoms, published up until December 31, 2016. Standardized mean differences (SMD) method was used to combine data since scales to measure the efficacy of probiotics were different among studies. RESULTS: A total of five studies were identified as suitable for inclusion, including three studies with single probiotic @entity4 and two studies with composite probiotics containing @entity4 . Treatment with single probiotic @entity4 didn't impact on @entity1 , @entity3 /distention, or bowel habit satisfaction among @entity2 @entity0 . However, @entity0 who received composite probiotics containing @entity4 significantly reduced @entity1 (SMD, 0.22; 95%CI, 0.03-0.41) and @entity3 /distention (SMD, 0.30; 95%CI, 0.04-0.56). After combining the data from six studies, the improvement of @entity3 /distention among @entity2 @entity0 remained significant (SMD, 0.21; 95%CI, 0.07-0.35). CONCLUSION: Composite probiotics consisting of @entity4 might be an effective therapeutic option to @entity2 @entity0 , which could significantly alleviate the symptoms of @entity2 without significant adverse effects. However, the efficacy of single probiotic @entity4 on @entity2 has not been confirmed yet, which needs to be further validated by more large-sized randomized clinical trials.

title: Efficacy of Bifidobacterium infantis 35624 in XXXX with @entity2 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is the chronic electrical stimulation of selected target sites in the brain through stereotactically implanted electrodes. More than 150 000 @entity0 around the world have been treated to date with @entity2 for medically intractable conditions. The indications for @entity2 include @entity8 , @entity5 , and some types of @entity10 . METHODS: This review is based on relevant publications retrieved by a selective search in PubMed and the Cochrane Library, and on the current guidelines of the German Neurological Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft f  r Neurologie, DGN). RESULTS: @entity2 is usually performed to treat @entity1 , most often @entity8 and, in particular, @entity4 . Multiple randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have shown that @entity2 improves @entity7 , @entity9 , and quality of life in @entity0 with @entity4 by 25% to 50%, depending on the rating scales used. @entity2 for @entity7 usually involves stimulation in the cerebello-thalamo-cortical regulatory loop. In an RCT of @entity2 for the treatment of @entity12 , the @entity0 who underwent @entity2 experienced a 39.3% improvement of @entity11 , compared to only 4.9% in the control group. Two multicenter trials of @entity2 for @entity6 were terminated early because of a lack of efficacy. CONCLUSION: @entity2 is an established treatment for various neurological and @entity3 . It has been incorporated in the DGN guidelines and is now considered a standard treatment for advanced @entity4 . The safety and efficacy of @entity2 can be expected to improve with the application of new technical developments in electrode geometry and new imaging techniques. Controlled trials would be helpful so that @entity2 could be extended to further indications, particularly @entity3 ones.

title: Deep Brain Stimulation in Neurological and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To test the feasibility of using an electronic medical record (EMR)-based @entity2 ( @entity2 ) that incorporates morbidity and frailty information to individualize @entity1 ( @entity1 ) screening recommendations. STUDY DESIGN: Our framework used the payoff time, defined as the minimum time until the benefits of screening exceed the harms. METHODS: Subjects were 24 @entity0 eligible for @entity1 screening and 22 primary care providers (PCPs). Measures included @entity3 satisfaction with existing reminder systems and with decision support. RESULTS: The run-in phase, during which the intervention was inactive but its performance was verified, had 14 @entity0 enrolled. The intervention phase, during which payoff time and life expectancy calculations were used to recommend for or against @entity1 screening, had 10 @entity0 enrolled. Of the 10 @entity0 enrolled in the intervention phase, the @entity2 recommended in favor of @entity1 screening for 6 @entity0 . (The PCPs also recommended it for those 6 @entity0 , although 3 refused the screening.) The @entity2 recommended against @entity1 screening for 4 @entity0 , while the PCPs recommended against it for 3 of those 4 and ordered the screening for 1 @entity0 . PCPs who had @entity0 enrolled in the intervention phase indicated interest in having payoff time information for all @entity0 eligible for @entity1 screening. This pilot study was small and was not powered to determine the effect of the intervention on screening behavior. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 screening involves balancing immediate harms with longer-term benefits; EMR decision support may facilitate personalized benefit/harm assessment. The payoff time framework is feasible for implementation in EMR decision support.

title: Pilot of decision support to individualize XXXX screening recommendations.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 1992, the International Agency for Research on @entity2 (IARC) classified @entity5 mists as @entity0 carcinogen, based primarily on @entity0 data showing increased risk for @entity2 . Uncertainties still exist about other @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: We carried out a historical mortality study among workers ofa plant producing @entity5 in Tuscany, Italy. METHODS: We reconstructed a cohort of 1372 male and 37female workers with at least one year of employment at the plant in the period 1962-97; 46% ofthe workers had previously been working in @entity7 mines in the area where rocks have a high @entity4 content. Environmental measurements of @entity5 and @entity6 from the 1970's were generally below the TLVs. Mortality was investigated as of August 2000; Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) were calculated using Tuscany reference rates. RESULTS: Overall mortality was below expectation (SMR 77). In labourers, @entity2 deaths were 4 vs 3.1 expected (SMR 130, 95% CI 35-333), while mortality from @entity1 was below expectation (27/32.8, SMR 82, 95% CI 54-120). An @entity3 was observed mainly in workers without previous experience in mines (3/0.6, SMR 523, 95% CI 108-1527). Mortality from silicosis, but not from @entity1 , was remarkably high among workers with previous employment in mines. CONCLUSIONS: Among workers employed in @entity5 production, with or without previous experience in mines, we did not observe increased mortality from @entity1 . The increased mortality from @entity3 cannot be attributed to any of the exposures documented in the study plant and requires further investigation.

title: [Mortality study in a cohort of workers employed in a plant producing XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 55 Background: Young @entity7 (YAS) are at risk for side effects of @entity3 therapy and poor post treatment self-management relative to older @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Survivorship care plans (SCPs) have proved feasible to provide education on symptom management, but the characteristics of YAS who utilize SCPs and @entity1 -reported outcomes (PROs) of YAS via SCPs remains unstudied. METHODS: @entity1 -reported characteristics and outcomes of YAS, age 18 to 39 years, who used a free online @entity8 generator (OncoLife), between May 2010 and May 2012 are reported. PROs of YAS were compared to @entity7 , age 40-70 years, via frequencies and chi-squared analyses. PROs were queried upon generation of @entity8 based on diagnosis and treatments received. RESULTS: YAS (n = 1,445, Mage= 31.5 years) and @entity7 (n = 6301, Mage= 56.3 years) were primarily female (69% vs. 78%), Caucasian (76% vs. 86%) and an average of 2.6 years (range 0-20years) vs. 3.2 years (range 0-46 years) since diagnosis and treatment. Most common diagnoses were @entity0 , @entity3 , @entity6 , @entity5 , and @entity4 in YAS vs. breast, colon, @entity6 , prostate, and @entity2 in @entity7 . Three-quarters (75%) of YAS and 70% of @entity7 generated the @entity8 themselves with the remaining SCPs generated by health care providers. Less than a quarter (22%) of YAS or @entity7 (18%) reported previously receiving a treatment summary. The most commonly endorsed PROs in YAS and @entity7 were neurocognitive changes and fatigue. Fewer YAS than @entity7 endorsed pulmonary concerns and male sexual side effects. The majority of PROs were reported at similar proportions by YAS and @entity7 (see table). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 who generated an OncoLife @entity8 , YAS reported similar rates of treatment-related side effects to those reported by @entity7 demonstrating SCPs as a mechanism to capture and address off-therapy issues for all survivors. [Table: see text].

title: Use of online survivorship care plans by young adult @entity3 survivors: @entity1 characteristics and XXXX reported outcomes.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 cells invade adjacent normal brain along white matter (WM) bundles of axons. We therefore hypothesized that the location of @entity1 intersecting WM tracts would be associated with differing survival. This study introduces a method, voxel-wise survival analysis (VSA), to determine the relationship between the location of @entity4 intersecting WM tracts and @entity0 prognosis. 113 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 were retrospectively analyzed for this study. @entity0 specific @entity1 location, defined by contrast-enhancement, was combined with diffusion tensor imaging derived tractography to determine the location of axons intersecting @entity1 enhancement (AXITEs). VSA was then used to determine the relationship between the AXITE location and @entity0 survival. @entity1 intersecting the right anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), @entity2 (IFOF), right and left cortico-spinal tract (CST), and corpus callosum (CC) were associated with decreased overall survival. @entity1 intersecting the CST, body of the CC, right ATR, posterior IFOF, and @entity2 are associated with decreased progression-free survival (PFS), while @entity1 intersecting the right genu of the CC and anterior IFOF are associated with increased PFS. @entity0 with @entity1 intersecting the ATR, IFOF, CST, or CC had significantly improved survival prognosis if they were additionally treated with bevacizumab. This study demonstrates the usefulness of VSA by locating AXITEs associated with poor prognosis in @entity3 @entity0 . This information should be included in @entity0 -physician conversations, therapeutic strategy, and clinical trial design.

title: Location of XXXX intersecting white matter tracts predicts @entity0 prognosis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the long-term real-world outcomes of consecutive @entity0 with unprotected left main @entity3 (ULMCA) underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with drug-eluting stents (DES) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). METHODS: Consecutive @entity0 with ULMCA (defined as stenosis >=  50%) undergoing DES implantation or CABG between January 2003 to July 2009 in Beijing Anzhen Hospital were enrolled. The follow-up period extended through August 2013. The end points of the study were @entity2 , @entity2 , repeat revascularization, @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity1 , the composite of @entity2 , @entity4 or @entity1 and MACCE (major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events, the composite of @entity2 , @entity4 , @entity1 or repeat revascularization). RESULTS: From January 2003 to July 2009, 922 ULMCA @entity0 were enrolled in this study (465 PCI @entity0 , and 457 CABG @entity0 ). The median follow-up was 7.1 years (interquartile range 5.3 to 8.2 years). The crude relative risk was as follows: overall @entity2 rate (13.0% (41/465) vs. 22.1% (72/457), P = 0.009), @entity1 rate (5.8% (11/465) vs. CABG 18.9% (46/457), P < 0.001) were significantly lower whereas the rate of repeat revascularization (32.3% (110/465) vs. CABG 19.2% (58/457), P < 0.001) was significantly higher in PCI group than in CABG group. @entity4 rate was similar between PCI and CABG group (13.9% (33/465) vs. 6.7% (26/457), P = 0.196). MACCE rate was also similar between the 2 groups (42.9% (145/465) vs. 42.5% (142/457), P = 0.122). After multivariate adjusting, there was no significant difference in rates of @entity2 , @entity4 and a composite of serious outcomes ( @entity2 , @entity4 , or @entity1 ) between the 2 groups. Rates of MACCE were significantly higher in the PCI group (P = 0.009) due to increased rate of repeat revascularization (P < 0.001). However, @entity1 rate was still significantly higher in CABG group (P = 0.001) after multivariate adjusting. CONCLUSION: During a follow-up up to 8.2 years, the survival rate is similar between the PCI and the CABG group in @entity0 with @entity3 . The rate of repeat revascularization is significantly higher and @entity1 rate is significantly lower in the PCI group compared to CABG group.

title: [Long-term outcomes of @entity0 with unprotected left main XXXX post revascularization].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity0 with pallid breath-holding spells associated with @entity2 can be treated safely and successfully with permanent pacemaker implantation. METHODS: The records of pediatric @entity0 who had apparent breath-holding spells and associated @entity2 and were treated with permanent pacemaker implantation were reviewed. RESULTS: Ten pediatric @entity0 with apparent breath-holding spells associated with @entity2 were treated with a permanent ventricular demand pacemaker at the Mayo Clinic between 1985 and 1995. @entity0 had onset of symptoms between ages 6 days and 12 months and presented for evaluation between ages 12 months and 5 years. Duration of spells was 15 seconds to 10 minutes. Medications to prevent spells were unsuccessful. Electrocardiograms documented asystolic pauses of 1.7 to 24 seconds (mean: 11.9 seconds). Permanent ventricular demand pacemakers were implanted at 10 months to 5 years of age (median: 14.5 months): 9 endocardial and 1 epicardial. Three @entity0 required pacemaker revision. At follow-up of 38 to 170 months (median: 65.5), 5 @entity0 had complete resolution of spells, 2 had only mild color change without loss of consciousness or @entity1 activity, and 3 continued to have minor brief spells. CONCLUSIONS: Permanent pacemaker therapy for @entity0 with pallid breath-holding spells associated with severe @entity2 is safe, efficacious, and warranted.

title: Breath-holding spells associated with significant XXXX : successful treatment with permanent pacemaker implantation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 free radicals (OFRs) are associated with ischaemia-reperfusion injury involving many organs, including the heart, which can lead to @entity3 in the cardiac ultrastructure. This is seen upon the release of the aortic crossclamp when the ischaemic myocardium is reperfused in @entity0 undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Various studies have shown that by adding OFR scavenging agents or antioxidants to the CPB prime or cardioplegia, cardiac performance improves. @entity6 is an osmotic diuretic with free radical scavenging properties, which has been shown to reduce the extent of @entity2 and improve the function of the myocardium. This study evaluated how effective @entity6 is as an OFR scavenger by administering different concentrations of cardioplegia antegrade into the aortic root, thus maximising its effects directly upon the myocardium rather than being diluted in the CPB prime. Thirty-three @entity0 undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were, by double blind random selection, allocated into one of three groups: group 1, a control group (consisting of 11 @entity0 ) receiving no @entity6 ; group 2 (11 @entity0 ), receiving a concentration of 4 g/l; and group 3 (11 @entity0 ), receiving 8 g/l. Three blood samples were taken directly from the coronary sinus during bypass: the first sample at the start of bypass, just prior to the crossclamp being applied; the second sample just after removal of the crossclamp; and the third sample just prior to termination of bypass. All samples were then centrifuged and the plasma analysed for @entity4 ( @entity5 ) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). @entity5 , an endproduct of lipid peroxidation, causes cellular damage and disruption of cell membranes when tissue antioxidants are exhausted. The more @entity5 produced, the greater the depletion of tissue antioxidants secondary to OR formation during reperfusion when the aortic crossclamp is removed. HPLC is a useful biochemical study; however, it is not a direct indicator of @entity3 , such as an invasive test would be, and this should be borne in mind. Statistically, the results do not show a significant difference among the three groups or among the three samples. However, a trend can be seen, which shows lower levels of @entity5 in the two groups receiving @entity6 and there is an indication of a rise in @entity5 levels upon the start of reperfusion in the two groups receiving @entity6 , but not the control group. It is concluded that further samples would be needed to find a significant difference in @entity5 concentrations.

title: @entity6 in cardioplegia as an @entity1 free radical scavenger measured by XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is an important postoperative problem with an incidence of 20% to 35% especially prevalent after the removal of mandibular molars. Fibrinolysis with subsequent loss of @entity3 is believed to be the general cause of @entity5 . OBJECTIVES: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of @entity2 , an antifibrinolytic agent in comparison with a placebo with respect to the reduction of incidence of @entity5 after the extraction of mandibular molars by using following parameters: @entity1 , disintegration of Clot, @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A double blind study consisted of 60 @entity0 , who underwent routine dental extractions of mandibular molar teeth. Group A (30 @entity0 ) requiring routine dental extractions of mandibular teeth was randomly selected and was administered a dose of @entity2 orally (Pause 500mg) one hour prior to extraction of teeth. Gel foam soaked in @entity2 (160mg) was placed into the extraction socket postoperatively. A figure of eight silk suture was placed over the socket to secure the gelfoam. Group B (30 @entity0 ); a placebo ( @entity6 ) was given orally one hour prior to the extraction and gel foam soaked in saline was placed into the extraction socket postoperatively. A figure of eight silk suture was placed over the socket. @entity1 was rated individually by each @entity0 at 3(rd), 7(th), 14(th) day after extraction and the results was statistically analysed. RESULTS: This study supports that the use of @entity2 both locally and systemically following the removal of the teeth reduces the incidence of @entity5 associated with the extraction of mandibular molars. CONCLUSION: @entity2 has several advantages also when used for simple dental extractions, namely: low cost and ready availability and therefore we recommend this treatment modality.

title: The Efficacy of XXXX in the Reduction of Incidence of Dry Socket: An Institutional Double Blind Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In budding @entity0 , actin disruption prevents nuclear division. This has been explained as activation of a morphogenesis checkpoint monitoring the integrity of the actin cytoskeleton. The checkpoint operates through inhibitory @entity1 phosphorylation of @entity3 , the budding @entity0 Cdc2 homolog. Wild-type @entity2 cells also arrest before mitosis after actin depolymerization. Oversized cells, however, enter mitosis uninhibited. We carried out a careful analysis of the kinetics of mitotic initiation after actin disruption in undersized and oversized cells. We show that an inability to reach the mitotic size threshold explains the arrest in smaller cells. Among the regulators that control the level of the inhibitory Cdc2-Tyr15 phosphorylation, the Cdc25 protein @entity1 phosphatase is required to link cell size monitoring to mitotic control. This represents a novel function of the Cdc25 phosphatase. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this cell size-monitoring system fulfills the formal criteria of a cell cycle checkpoint.

title: G2/M arrest caused by actin disruption is a manifestation of the cell size checkpoint in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aims of this cohort study were to assess the survival of @entity1 @entity0 treated in a general intensive care unit (ICU) and to evaluate the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) II, maximum sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score, injury severity score (ISS), age, sex and severe @entity4 as predictors of 30-day mortality. METHODS: Three hundred and twenty-five adult @entity0 admitted during 1998-2003 were evaluated retrospectively with update of survival data in January 2005. Kaplan-Meier statistics and Cox proportional hazards regression were used to study survival and to assess predictors of mortality, respectively. RESULTS: The 30-day mortality was 16.9%, ICU mortality 13.8% and hospital mortality 17.8%. Long-term survival (observation time, 1-7 years) was 77.8%. After 3.5 years, mortality was the same as for the background population. Severe @entity4 was the main cause of @entity3 and increased the risk of 30-day mortality 2.4-fold. In addition, @entity5 II and an age above 50 years proved to be significant predictors of mortality in a multivariate analysis. Sex was not associated with mortality, and ISS and the maximum SOFA score were significant predictors in univariate analyses only. CONCLUSION: Reduced long-term survival was observed up to 3.5 years after @entity2 . The 30-day mortality was strongly related to severe @entity4 , @entity5 II and an age above 50 years. These variables may be useful as predictors of mortality, and may contribute to risk adjustment of this subset of @entity1 @entity0 when treatment results from different centres are compared.

title: XXXX @entity0 in the intensive care unit: short- and long-term survival and predictors of 30-day mortality.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 (NF) is one of the main aporphine alkaloids existing in the traditional Chinese medicine Folium Nelumbinis (lotus leaves). Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that NF has a broad spectrum of bioactivities, such as anti- @entity1 and anti-hyperlipidemic effects, and has been recommended as a leading compound for new drug development. However, the metabolites and biotransformation pathway of NF in vivo have not yet been comprehensively investigated. The present study was performed to identify the metabolites of NF for exploring in vivo fates. @entity0 plasma and urine samples were collected after oral administration and prepared by liquid-liquid extraction with @entity2 . A method based on ultra fast liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry was applied to identify the metabolites. Q1 (first quadrupole) full scan combined with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) survey scan were used for the detection of metabolites. MRM-information dependent acquisition (IDA) of enhanced product ions (MRM-IDA-EPI) was used for the structural identification of detected metabolites. A total of ten metabolites were identified, including phase I (demethylation, oxidation and dehydrogenation) and phase II (glucuronidation, sulfation and @entity3 ) biotransformation products. In which, demethylation is the main metabolic pathway of NF in the body. The results can help to better understand the disposition and pharmacological mechanism of NF in the body. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Metabolism profiles of XXXX in @entity0 by using ultra fast liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Several methods have been developed to improve the efficacy of mechanical resuscitation, because organ perfusion achieved with conventional manual resuscitation is often insufficient. In animal studies, phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression resuscitation by use of the Lifestick device has resulted in a better outcome compared with that of conventional resuscitation. In end-of-life @entity0 , an increased coronary perfusion pressure was achieved. The aim of the present study was to determine the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the Lifestick compared with conventional resuscitation in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS AND RESULTS: The crews of 4 mobile intensive care units, staffed by an emergency physician and a paramedic, were trained to use the device. Fifty @entity0 were randomized by sealed envelopes to either Lifestick (n=24) or conventional (n=26) resuscitation. No differences were found regarding demographic and logistical conditions between the groups. Nineteen of the @entity0 (73%) with conventional resuscitation had @entity5 , 13 of whom survived to hospital admission (no survivals with other @entity2 ) and 7 were discharged. In contrast, in the Lifestick-CPR group, only 9 @entity0 had @entity5 (38%; P=<0.02; OR, 2.5; 95% CI, 0.6 to 10.6). Four of these 9 @entity0 and 5 of 15 @entity0 with other @entity2 survived to hospital admission, but none survived to hospital discharge. Autopsy in a subgroup of @entity0 who died at the scene revealed @entity1 with Lifestick than with conventional resuscitation. CONCLUSION: Lifestick resuscitation is feasible and safe and may be advantageous in @entity0 with @entity4 or pulseless electric activity.

title: Phased chest and abdominal compression-decompression versus conventional cardiopulmonary resuscitation in out-of-hospital XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of single-stage modified anterior sagittal anorectoplasty (ASARP) for @entity6 with @entity2 . METHOD: Twenty-six @entity0 with @entity8 underwent single-stage modified sphincter-saving ASARP between January 2008 and December 2012. The ages of the @entity0 at the time of operation ranged from 1  month to 5.1  years. Standard ASARP procedure was modified to avoid the incision of the external sphincter complex. Instead a potential tunnel was created through the center of external sphincter complex under the endoscopic guidance. The @entity0 were evaluated for fecal continence and complications. RESULT: Modified ASARP was successfully performed in all @entity0 . The mean operation time was 52.2      3.5  min (range 47-61  min). The operative @entity1 was minimal. There was no operative complication. @entity7 occurred in 3 @entity0 (3/26, 11.5  %). All @entity0 were followed up for 4.2      1.5  years (range 2-6  years). No @entity0 developed @entity5 . Three @entity0 (3/26, 11.5  %) had soiling once or twice per week. Four @entity0 (4/26, 15.4  %) had @entity4 amenable to diet management. Mucosal prolapse occurred in 1 @entity0 (1/26, 3.8  %). There was no recurrence of @entity2 , @entity3 or anterior displacement of the neorectum. CONCLUSION: Mid-term results show that single-stage modified ASARP is an effective and safe option for @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity2 .

title: The management of XXXX with @entity2 : a single-stage modified anterior sagittal anorectoplasty.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: In premenopausal @entity0 , @entity9 contributes to @entity4 . It is unknown whether this vascular functional change is associated with vascular structural change. METHODS: This study examined regional and systemic vascular structure and function to gain insight into subclinical @entity6 risk in 10 @entity8 , 18 @entity8 , and 15 recreationally active controls. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and low flow mediated constriction (L-FMC) were used to measure global endothelial function. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity ( @entity2 ) was used to measure @entity7 . Doppler-ultrasound of the superficial femoral artery (SFA) was used to assess @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and vessel diameter as indicators of @entity10 . RESULTS: Amenorrheic athletes had significantly lower @entity3 adjusted for shear stimulus (6.9      1.3%) compared with @entity8 (11.0      1.0%) and controls (11.0      1.1%, p  =  0.05). Brachial L-FMC (-1.8      4.3%) and aortic @entity2 (5.0      1.0  m/s) of @entity8 were similar to  those of @entity8 (L-FMC,  -1.6      4.6%; @entity2 , 4.6      0.5  m/s) and controls (L-FMC,  -1.5      2.8%, p  =  0.98; @entity2 , 5.4      0.7  m/s, p  =  0.15). SFA diameters were similar in @entity8 (5.7      0.7  mm) and @entity8 (5.7      0.7  mm), but @entity8 had larger SFA diameters compared with controls (5.1      0.6  mm, p  =  0.04). In @entity8 , SFA @entity1 (0.31      0.03  mm) was similar to that of @entity8 (0.35      0.07  mm) but significantly thinner compared to that of controls (0.38      0.06, p  =  0.01). CONCLUSION: @entity5 in female @entity8 is not systemic. Parenthetically, @entity9 may not prevent favorable peripheral vascular structural adaptations to habitual exercise training.

title: Subclinical XXXX risk in endurance-trained premenopausal amenorrheic @entity0 .

answer: @entity6