abstract: BACKGROUND: The study was carried out to highlight the clinical and biochemical profile of @entity0 with @entity8 in a tertiary care center of North India. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty consecutive cases of @entity8 admitted over a period of 10 years to our Institute were analyzed. The chief clinical complaints of these 30 @entity0 (17 males and 13 females, mean age 24+/-7 years) were palpitation (80%), @entity2 (77%), sweating (60%), @entity5 (67%) and @entity7 (56%). The clinical triad of @entity2 , @entity7 and sweating occurred in 26.7% of cases. On clinical examination, 97% of the @entity0 were @entity3 and 16.6% presented with malignant @entity3 . Laboratory measurements showed that the levels of 24-hour urinary @entity9 were elevated in 80% of cases. Levels of plasma @entity6 and @entity4 were raised in 78% and 79% of cases, respectively. Anatomical localization of the @entity1 on computerized tomographic scan showed the presence of an @entity1 in 80% and @entity1 in 20%. Surgical @entity1 could be carried out in 28 cases following control of the blood pressure with antihypertensive drugs including alpha and beta adrenoreceptor blockers. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 should be suspected in all young @entity3 @entity0 . The appropriate therapy for this @entity1 is surgical removal preceded by adequate blood pressure control including the use of alpha and beta adrenoreceptor antagonists.

title: XXXX : a 10-year experience in a tertiary care North Indian hospital.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Epistaxis is the most common ear, nose, and throat emergency observed in the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). An increased frequency of this condition has been observed during cooler months, but the results of available studies are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the seasonality and association of @entity6 presentations to a large urban @entity5 with variations of air temperature and humidity. METHODS: This study was a retrospective case series. Information on all the @entity0 who presented for @entity6 in the @entity5 of the Academic Hospital of Parma during the years 2003-2012 and ages >= 14 years were retrieved from the hospital data base, excluding those attributable to @entity4 . The chronologic data of all visits were associated with climate data (air temperature and humidity) by univariate linear regression analysis. RESULTS: Among the 819,596 @entity5 @entity0 seen throughout the observational period, 5404 were admitted for @entity6 . Of these, 5220 were discharged from the @entity5 , whereas 184 (3.4%) needed hospital admission. A strong seasonality of @entity6 was observed, with a peak during winter. A strong negative correlation was also found between the daily number of epistaxes and the mean daily temperature in the whole population as well as in @entity0 subgroups (those undergoing anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy, or those with @entity3 , @entity2 , @entity7 , or advanced @entity1 ). A weaker correlation was also found between air humidity and @entity6 but only in certain subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study provided a contribution to improve our understanding of the epidemiology of @entity6 and for specific health policies that should also be planned by considering the seasonality of nosebleed.

title: Influence of air temperature variations on incidence of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The Cockcroft-Gault (CG) equation has become perhaps the most popular practical approach for estimating renal function among health care professionals. Despite its widespread use, clinicians often overlook not only the limitations of the original serum @entity3 (SCr) based equation, but also may not appreciate the validity of the many variations used to compensate for these limitations. For cirrhotic @entity0 in particular, the underlying pathophysiology of the disease contributes to a falsely low SCr, thereby overestimating renal function with use of the CG equation in this population. We reviewed the original CG trial from 1976 along with data surrounding clinician specific alterations to the CG equation that followed through time. These alterations included different formulas for body weight in @entity1 @entity0 and the "rounding up" approach in @entity0 with low SCr. Additionally, we described the pathophysiology and hemodynamic changes that occur in @entity2 ; and reviewed several studies that attempted to estimate renal function in this population. The evidence we reviewed regarding the most accurate manipulation of the original CG equation to estimate @entity3 clearance (CrCl) was inconclusive. Unfortunately, the homogeneity of the @entity0 population in the original CG trial limited its external validity. Elimination of body weight in the CG equation actually produced the estimate closest to the measure CrCl. Furthermore, "rounding up" of SCr values often underestimated CrCl. This approach could lead to suboptimal dosing of drug therapies in @entity0 with low SCr. In cirrhotic @entity0 , utilization of SCr based methods overestimated true renal function by about 50% in the literature we reviewed.

title: Cockcroft-Gault revisited: New de-liver-ance on recommendations for use in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity3 are at increased risk for @entity2 . It has not been established whether hospitalized @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a substantial barrier to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) after transplant listing, or whether @entity2 progresses after @entity1 . METHODS: Using data from the USRDS, we studied 35,215 @entity0 with @entity3 enrolled on the renal transplant waiting list from July 1994 to June 1997. Cox non-proportional hazards regression models were used to calculate adjusted, time-dependent hazard ratios (HR) for @entity1 and @entity2 . RESULTS: In comparison to maintenance dialysis (2.2/1,000 @entity0 years), @entity1 was independently associated with a lower hazard for hospitalization for @entity2 (0.7/1,000 @entity0 years, HR 0.28, 95% confidence interval 0.17 - 0.47). Renal transplant recipients had much lower rates of @entity2 after transplant than before (rate ratio (RR) 0.49, 95% Cl 0.47 - 0.52). @entity0 with @entity2 were significantly less likely to receive @entity1 (adjusted rate for @entity1 0.38, 95% CI 0.20 - 0.45) but @entity0 who received valve replacement surgeries (VRS) were not affected (adjusted rate for @entity1 1.10, 95% CI 0.52 - 2.32, not significant). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 is an uncommon but serious barrier to @entity1 after listing, while VRS is not a significant barrier to @entity1 . Established @entity2 does not appear to worsen after @entity1 . Clinicians should consider giving increased attention to the detection and treatment of @entity2 during the pre-transplant evaluation.

title: Hospitalized @entity2 in XXXX on renal transplant waiting list: incidence, clinical correlates and outcomes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 are important mediators responsible for many changes that occur during the inflammatory response. Specifically, in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity7 are key players in maintenance of blood flow and @entity3 . In blood vessels, @entity7 modulate and inhibit transmigration. In lymphatic vessels, on the other hand, @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and prostacyclin (PGI2) have been shown to potently inhibit lymphatic contractility. Inhibition of lymphatic contractility could impair proper tissue fluid drainage during @entity2 , consequently leading to the submucosal @entity0 observed in @entity1 . Alterations in production of @entity6 and PGI2 during @entity2 could have severe implications on lymphatic and vascular functions within the small intestine. Using the @entity13 ( @entity13 )-induced @entity14 @entity5 and @entity4 models, we assessed by quantitative PCR changes in mRNA transcript of enzymes and receptors involved in the production and actions of @entity7 in mesenteric lymphatic and blood vessels as well as in the affected ileum. Furthermore, we also assessed lymphatic tissue levels of @entity6 and PGI2 during @entity2 . We observed significant changes in lymphatic mRNA expression of @entity10 , @entity9 , MPGES-1, @entity16 , @entity15 and IP and increases in @entity6 and PGI2 in tissues of @entity13 -treated animals. Changes in mRNA in blood vessels from @entity13 -treated animals included differences in @entity10 , @entity9 , MPGES-1, @entity16 , @entity11 , @entity12 and IP expression. @entity8 metabolites are differentially regulated in both lymphatic and blood vessels during intestinal @entity2 .

title: Experimental XXXX alters prostaglandin biosynthesis in mesenteric lymphatic and blood vessels.

answer: @entity14


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the possible relationship between maximal running speed, serum isoenzyme patterns of @entity2 kinase (CK) and @entity1 dehydrogenase (LDH) and echocardiographic indices of left ventricular function. A group of 15 healthy, 3-year-old Maremmano stallions were given a 100 day training programme. At the end of this the animals carried out a maximum speed test and were divided into 2 groups (A and B) according to whether or not they had attained a speed of 15 m/s. Venous blood samples were taken from each @entity3 before exercise (T0), 2 min (T1) and 24 h (T2) after exercise. Total serum activity of CK and LDH was measured and their isoenzyme distribution pattern determined. The day before the speed test echocardiographic examination was carried out at rest to assess the left ventricular function by calculating telediastolic, telesystolic and @entity0 volume, ejection fraction and @entity0 index. Statistically significant differences were found for the CK isoenzyme pattern at T2, where Group A showed an increase in the MM fraction (P = 0.003) and a decrease in the MB fraction (P = 0.014). These changes were thought to be linked to an increased membrane leakage due to exercise and not to muscle fibre disruption because the CK and LDH total activities remained within the normal range. In Group A there was also greater left ventricular telediastolic volume (P = 0.044) and length (P = 0.033) at rest as well as a greater @entity0 index (P = 0.032). We concluded that the evaluation of CK pattern after exercise and of echocardiographic left ventricular function indices at rest made it possible to select for the fastest @entity3 (Group A).

title: Relationship between running speed, isoenzymes of serum XXXX kinase and @entity1 dehydrogenase and left ventricular function in stallions.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture as a treatment for @entity4 and secondary symptoms after @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and to identify disease-specific variables associated with response to treatment. DESIGN: A within-subjects design consisting of a 7(1/2)-week no-acupuncture baseline period followed by a 7(1/2)-week treatment period and a follow-up assessment 3 months posttreatment. SETTING: Medical rehabilitation research center. @entity0 : Twenty-two @entity0 with @entity5 who experienced moderate to severe @entity2 of at least 6 months' duration. INTERVENTION: A course of 15 acupuncture treatments was administered over a 7(1/2)-week period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Numeric Rating Scale of @entity2 intensity; ratings of interference with activity, individualized symptom rating, Center for Epidemiologic Studies- @entity3 Scale; Speilberger State Trait @entity1 Inventory, and General Well-Being Schedule. RESULTS: Ten @entity0 (46%) showed improvement in @entity2 intensity and @entity2 sequelae after treatment. However, 6 @entity0 (27%) reported an increase in @entity2 that was still present 3 months after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: About 50% of the study sample reported substantial @entity2 relief after acupuncture treatment, suggesting that acupuncture may provide @entity2 relief for at least a subgroup of individuals with @entity5 . Future research is needed to determine what part of this effect is because of acupuncture versus nonspecific effects such as placebo effects and regression to the mean.

title: Is acupuncture effective in treating XXXX after @entity5 ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: Although ample evidence implicates the @entity1 (DA) projection to the neostriatum and nucleus accumbens in motor and motivational processes, relatively little information is available on how DA alters neostriatal or accumbal functions under naturally occurring behavioral conditions. Further insight into neuron-behavior relationships can be achieved with the application of single-unit recording techniques, including iontophoresis and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), to awake, unrestrained animals. Single-unit recording has revealed that @entity3 , a widely abused psychomotor stimulant, activates motor-, but inhibits nonmotor-related neurons in neostriatum and nucleus accumbens. Although either response can be blocked by DA receptor antagonists, the @entity3 -induced activation also depends on an intact corticostriatal system, suggesting a role for @entity2 ( @entity0 ). Both neostriatal and accumbal neurons are sensitive to iontophoretic application of either DA or @entity0 , but when applied during low-dose application of DA, the @entity0 signal is enhanced relative to background activity. In effect, DA appears to modulate @entity0 by strengthening the @entity0 signal-to-noise ratio. To assess DA release under behaviorally relevant conditions, FSCV has been used to obtain real-time measurements of DA efflux in a free-choice novelty test. DA efflux increased only during the brief period of entry into novelty, and the increase was confined to accumbal shell and the shell-core transition zone, the so-called shore. Neither accumbal core nor the overlying neostriatum showed a novelty-related DA change. Thus, DA release during behavior is not uniform and in the case of novelty appears targeted to the limbic-related area of accumbal shell. Further application of these and other in vivo technologies to ambulant animals is required to identify the complex mechanisms underlying both the release of DA and its effect on neostriatal and accumbal neurons during behavior.

title: Real-time assessments of XXXX function during behavior: single-unit recording, iontophoresis, and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in awake, unrestrained rats.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe a @entity0 who initially presented with features of @entity12 and who eventually demonstrated symptoms of @entity5 . METHODS: An 18-year-old immunocompetent @entity0 showed a disseminated @entity7 with patchy thickening of the posterior choroid. A clinical neurologic examination and a microbiological assessment revealed neck stiffness as well as pleocytosis, increased protein content, a decreased concentration of @entity3 and @entity9 , and cryptococcal fungi in the cerebrospinal fluid. It led to the diagnosis of @entity6 . RESULTS: Antifungal therapy was initiated and given for 2 months. After bilateral retrobulbar injections of 2.5 mg of @entity4 and 20 mg of @entity10 , choroidal @entity1 regressed and visual acuity increased from 0.4 to 1.0 at 3 weeks after start of therapy. Microbiological examination of cerebrospinal fluid samples taken 30 days later was unremarkable. Ophthalmoscopy showed some fine pigment clumping and depigmentation in the macula. CONCLUSION: According to the International Nomenclature Committee for @entity12 diagnosis, the @entity0 was diagnosed with incomplete @entity12 because he had not suffered any @entity8 , had not undergone ocular surgery, and presented with bilateral multifocal @entity11 accompanied by signs of @entity5 without @entity2 . Because skin changes can occur months to years after the initial symptoms, the @entity0 may eventually fulfill the criteria for complete @entity12 .

title: XXXX and fungal meningitis.

answer: @entity12


abstract: Pityriasis @entity9 (PRP) is an idiopathic @entity4 which can be difficult to distinguish from @entity5 . We explored the clinical features, including background medical illnesses and potential triggers in @entity0 with PRP, and also its histomorphologic spectrum. @entity0 with PRP were selected by natural language search of dermatopathology databases containing 250,000 cases accessioned over a 3-year period. A detailed medical history was obtained on each @entity0 via office chart review and @entity0 interviews. We compared the histologic findings in skin biopsies from @entity0 with PRP to those of biopsies matched for site and age from control @entity0 with @entity5 . Certain aspects of the clinical presentations encountered in the study group @entity0 have not been previously emphasized, including eruptions compatible with a @entity2 in 4 @entity0 . Several @entity0 had evidence of underlying iatrogenic or systemic immune dysregulatory states and certain triggers could be isolated such as emotional stress and prior exposure to microbial pathogens. Histomorphologic features predictive of PRP included follicular plugging, an increased granular cell layer, and acantholysis. While seen in a minority of biopsies of PRP, morphologic discriminators supportive of a diagnosis of @entity5 included neutrophils in the parakeratotic scale crust, and @entity6 capillary @entity7 with vessels lying in direct apposition to the epidermis. Other morphologic features were encountered in biopsies of PRP which have received little emphasis in the dermatopathology literature, including @entity3 , significant dermal @entity1 , the presence of eosinophils and plasma cells within the inflammatory infiltrates, an abnormal granular cell layer, and @entity8 , albeit none were statistically signficant predictors of PRP over @entity5 . Nevertheless, their identification emphasizes the varied histologic spectrum of PRP. The almost ubiquitous finding of acantholysis and the presence of an abnormal granular cell layer in many biopsies of PRP suggests that abnormal keratins or defects in the retinol signalling pathway may be of pathogenetic importance.

title: The clinical and histomorphological features of XXXX . A comparative analysis with @entity5 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Sickle cell disease is a @entity1 , which affects mainly the black population. The aim of the present study was to analyze hospital admissions due to acute events resulting from @entity3 , at the epidemiological and clinical levels. METHODS: The study population included 9,349 @entity0 with @entity3 admitted to hospitals in Bahia, Rio de Janeiro, and Sao Paulo, between 2000 and 2002. The national hospital database of the Brazilian Healthcare System was used. Response variables were @entity2 and mean duration of hospital admission. Covariables included sex, age, type of admission, and hospital legal status. Proportions were compared using Chi-square or Fischer tests; for continuous variables, the Mann-Whitney or Kruskall-Wallis tests were used. RESULTS: Median age ranged between 11.0 and 12.0 years, and 70% of admissions were of @entity0 below age 20 years. Length of stay varied with age and type of admission. Emergency rooms were the most frequent form of admission (65.6 to 90.8%). Mortality was higher among adults. Median age of @entity2 was low (26.5 to 31.5 years). CONCLUSIONS: Our results confirm the high morbidity among youngsters and show a predominance of @entity2 among young adults.

title: [Epidemiology of XXXX hospital admissions in Brazil].

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Holding oral presentations in a university course is perceived as stressful and can increase stress hormone concentrations and state @entity1 . In such a naturalistic setting, further attention should be paid to the relationship between psychological and hormonal measures of acute stress, as well as @entity0 's intake of hormonal contraceptives as a potential moderating variable. In the present study, 76 healthy students gave saliva samples before and after their oral presentations in a university course as well as on a second, control day in the same course without giving an oral presentation. @entity1 was rated on both days. @entity2 concentrations as well as state @entity1 were substantially higher on the presentation relative to the control day. During the oral presentation, an increase in @entity2 concentrations was observed, whereas a decrease occurred on the control day. Nearly the same picture emerged for both variables when looking at @entity0 , @entity0 taking hormonal contraceptives and free-cycling @entity0 separately. A positive correlation was found between the change in anticipatory state @entity1 in the presentation compared to the control day and @entity2 concentrations before and after the oral presentation. Concluding, oral presentations constitute a potent stressor and do not seem to be substantially different between @entity0 , free-cycling @entity0 and @entity0 taking hormonal contraceptives. Future studies may want to explore changes associated with specific menstrual cycle phases and with specific hormonal contraceptives.

title: Examination of XXXX and state @entity1 at an academic setting with and without oral presentation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The choice of thresholds to diagnose @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is a topic of ongoing controversy. In 2008, the @entity4 and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes (HAPO) study showed continuous graded relationships between increasing maternal plasma @entity1 and increasing frequency of adverse perinatal outcomes. @entity6 (birth weight>90th percentile for gestational age), primary cesarean delivery, clinical @entity3 and @entity2 (cord serum C peptide>90th percentile) were all related to each of the 3 @entity1 values (fasting plasma @entity1 and at 1 and 2 hours after the 75 g oral @entity1 test). The associations were continuous with no obvious thresholds at which risks increased. The International Association of @entity0 Study Group (IADPSG) recently issued recommendations that the diagnosis of @entity0 be made when any of the following thresholds are met or exceeded: fasting plasma @entity1 : 0,92 g/L; 1 hour: 1,80 g/L; or 2 hours: 1,53 g/L after the 75 g oral @entity1 test. These criteria were chosen to identify pregnancy with increased risk of adverse perinatal outcomes. By the new criteria, the total incidence of @entity5 in the HAPO population was 17, 8%. Fasting plasma @entity1 (FPG) in early pregnancy appears as an important predictive factor. Higher first trimester FPG (lower than those diagnostic of @entity0 ) are associated with increased risks of later diagnosis of @entity5 and adverse pregnancy outcomes. Whether this new consensus will be adopted by public health bodies and professionals remains to be seen.

title: [Screening of XXXX : a new consensus?].

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of arsenic trioxide as a single agent in @entity3 cases for induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapy in a long-term, 11-year follow-up. We studied 60 @entity0 with @entity3 . Sixty percent of the @entity0 were aged between 12 and 24   years. Arsenic trioxide was infused at a 0.15   mg/kg daily dose until complete remission was achieved. After 2   weeks of rest, arsenic trioxide was infused daily for 28   days as a consolidation therapy. Then, arsenic infusions were given every 3-4   months for 14   days for 2   years, and the @entity0 were followed until relapse or @entity2 . The rates of complete remission, disease-free survival, overall survival, and @entity1 were evaluated. The morphologic complete remission was observed in 55 out of the 60 @entity0 . The most common causes of a remission failure were early mortality because of the @entity3 and the lack of response to arsenic treatment. The mean follow-up was 90   months. The primary outcomes for males and females were a mean disease-free survival of 101 and 97   months, respectively, and a mean overall survival of 103 and 101   months, respectively. From the 55 cases with remission, three @entity0 died (late mortality). Of the 60 @entity0 , 85% are still alive. Arsenic trioxide was generally well tolerated. The long-term follow-up of @entity0 with @entity3 , treated with arsenic alone as induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapy, shows high cure rates and excellent outcomes. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Induction, consolidation, and maintenance therapies with arsenic as a single agent for XXXX in a 11-year follow-up.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Vascularized allotransplantation of knee joints under immunosuppression is a novel approach in orthopedic surgery. During the postoperative course immunosuppressive management depends on perfusion and viability of the graft. AIM: Evaluation of different diagnostic tools in regard to their usefulness and reliability to provide information about microvascularity and viability of vascularized knee joint allografts. METHODS: Four @entity0 with allogenic knee joint transplants were studied up to 26 months after transplantation with 3-phase bone scans and SPECT. The results were compared with duplex sonography, angiography, and histology. RESULTS: Two cases without complications were characterized by adequate perfusion in duplex sonography, angiography and early bone scans. Late bone scans demonstrated increased bone metabolism of the transplant. Corresponding biopsy revealed viable bone cells. In one case with partial @entity2 and one case with complete @entity2 of the transplant vessels rapidly decreasing or missing perfusion was detected by duplex sonography, angiography, and bloodpool scintigraphy. Late bone scans showed reduced or absent bone metabolism. Biopsy demonstrated @entity1 bone tissue. Due to the advantage of a tomographic technique SPECT allowed a more reliable assessment of graft viability as compared to planar imaging. CONCLUSION: Our findings confirm bone scintigraphy as a valuable diagnostic tool in @entity0 with allogenic vascularized knee joint transplants. In contrast to other diagnostic approaches, scintigraphy provides reliable information on both viability and perfusion of the transplant within a single non-invasive clinical investigation.

title: 3-phase bone imaging and SPECT in the follow up of XXXX with allogenic vascularized knee joint transplants.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 and @entity2 are common after @entity1 . There is inconclusive evidence of the benefit of psychotherapy for @entity3 and @entity2 . Here, we used a brief intervention, Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) brief therapy plus health education, to evaluate the changes in @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: One hundred eighty @entity0 were randomly allocated to receive 4 sessions of NLP plus health education (n  =  90) or usual care (n  =  90). A set of questionnaires was used preintervention and postintervention as well as at the 6-month follow-up. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of @entity3 and @entity2 , and the awareness of @entity1 knowledge. RESULTS: More @entity0 in the intervention group achieved remission of @entity3 (odds ratio [OR], 2.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.41-5.59) and @entity5 (OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.15-4.18) after intervention. At the 6-month follow-up, we found no differences between groups in both the prevalence of @entity3 and @entity2 . After intervention, the intervention group had better awareness rates on most of the @entity1 knowledge items (P  <  .05). It also had better quality of life and physical function both after intervention and at the follow-up (P  <  .05). CONCLUSIONS: NLP plus health education could reduce @entity3 and @entity2 immediately after intervention, but not at the 6-month follow-up. The intervention could also improve the awareness of @entity1 knowledge and benefit @entity0 on quality of life and physical function.

title: The Effect of a Brief Intervention for XXXX with @entity4 : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: In PROactive, @entity9 reduced the incidence of @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity2 , and significantly improved HbA1c, systolic blood pressure (SBP), @entity8 and high-density lipoprotein (HDL)- @entity5 relative to placebo. As these glycaemic and lipid parameters are major cardiovascular (CV) risk factors, we assessed their separate contribution to the reduced incidence of CV outcomes. METHODS: @entity0 (n = 5238) with @entity4 2 @entity1 and @entity3 were randomized to 45 mg @entity9 or placebo. Relationships among treatment, outcome (time to first event of all-cause mortality, @entity7 and @entity2 ) and 10 laboratory measurements and vital signs were investigated using log-linear models. Continuous variable measurements (percent changes from baseline to average of all postbaseline values prior to censoring) were made discrete by categorizing into tertiles. Log-linear models were fitted to multiway tables of discrete data and analysis of deviance used to summarize sources of variation in the data. RESULTS: Although @entity9 treatment was associated with a decrease in HbA1c and an increase in HDL- @entity5 (HDL-C), only the change from baseline HDL-C predicted the outcome (  (2) = 28.89, p < 0.0001). No other variables, including HbA1c, @entity8 and systolic blood pressure, showed significant direct associations with outcome. When the analysis was extended to include baseline statin use, this was associated with an improved outcome independently of HDL-C changes. CONCLUSIONS: This post hoc analysis suggests that HDL-C, but probably not HbA1c, is a driver of @entity9 's favourable influence on CV outcome.

title: High-density lipoprotein- XXXX and not HbA1c was directly related to cardiovascular outcome in PROactive.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define the long-term outcome in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) using objective rating measures. BACKGROUND: Previous historical studies suggest spontaneous improvement of @entity2 after adolescence, but objective longitudinal data are limited. METHODS: The authors reviewed all videotapes in their database (1978 through 1991) of @entity0 with @entity4 (ages 8 to 14) who were seen in their tertiary care @entity1 center and underwent a standardized 5-minute filming protocol (n = 56). Through multiple contact methods, they successfully located 36 of these @entity0 , who are now adults (age >20 years), and recruited 31 (28 @entity0 and 3 @entity0 ) to volunteer for a second videotape and in- @entity0 assessment. A blinded rater evaluated the 62 tapes and rated five tic domains: body areas involved, motor and phonic tic frequency, and motor and phonic tic severity. Using standardized @entity4 videotape rating scale and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests with Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons, the authors compared the two videotapes for each tic domain as well as the composite @entity1 score. RESULTS: Ninety percent of adult @entity0 still had @entity3 . Adult @entity0 who considered themselves tic-free were often inaccurate in their self-assessment: 50% had objective evidence of @entity3 . Mean objective @entity1 diminished in comparison to childhood (mean composite @entity1 score childhood 9.58 vs adulthood 7.52, p = 0.014). All domains improved by adulthood, and significant improvements occurred in motor tic severity (p = 0.008). The improvements in @entity1 did not relate to medication use, as only 13% of adults received medications for @entity3 , compared with 81% of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity4 , @entity3 objectively improve over time but most adults have persistent @entity3 .

title: Objective assessments of longitudinal outcome in Gilles de la XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The expression of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity0 @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is associated with poor prognosis in sporadic @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity5 inhibitors are approved for the treatment of refractory @entity2 . The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of @entity5 and @entity9 and downstream @entity11 ( @entity11 ) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) in non-neoplastic colonic mucosa, @entity6 and @entity3 from @entity8 ( @entity8 ) @entity0 , exploring the expression along the @entity10 sequence. METHODS: The expression of @entity5 , @entity9 , phosphorylated MAPK/ @entity11 kinase (pMEK) and phosphorylated @entity11 (pERK) proteins was studied by immunohistochemistry in samples of @entity7 (n   =   65), @entity6 (n   =   149) and @entity4 (n   =   16) from each of the 16 @entity8 @entity0 . RESULTS: For @entity9 , only weak cytoplasmic expression was seen in 8% of @entity6 , 6% of @entity3 and 3% of the non-neoplastic mucosa. @entity5 was expressed in non-neoplastic mucosa, @entity6 and @entity3 with a statistically significant increase in expression in @entity6 compared with non-neoplastic mucosa (p   <   0.001). There was also a statistically significant increase in nuclear staining intensity for pERK (p   <   0.001) and pMEK (p   <   0.001) in @entity6 compared to non-neoplastic mucosa. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study investigating the expression of these receptors in non-neoplastic mucosa, @entity6 and @entity3 from @entity8 @entity0 . @entity9 is not upregulated in the @entity1 of @entity8 @entity0 , while @entity5 appears to be upregulated in most @entity6 and @entity3 , with associated upregulation of pERK and pMEK. We conclude that @entity5 and downstream members of its signalling pathway, but not @entity9 , may be potential therapeutic targets in @entity8 @entity0 .

title: Expression of @entity5 , XXXX , phosphorylated @entity11 and phosphorylated MEK in @entity7 of @entity8 @entity0 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: It becomes increasingly clear that therapeutic gene delivery should provide not only for the sustained high level of gene expression but also, in most cases, for the regulated expression of transgenes as much as it occurs under natural conditions. Over the past few years a variety of different systems have been developed in order to regulate the amounts of transcribed RNA upon administration of exogenous agents, or in autoregulated manner. While efforts were focused on optimizing gene expression at the transcriptional level, other levels are still overlooked. In the meantime, regulation of gene expression is not restricted to transcription, but is also executed at the post-transcriptional level, i.e. mRNA stability, processing, transport, translation, protein stability, and modification. Codon usage is considered to be one of the critical factors that limit the expression rate of heterologous genes in different organisms at the posttranscriptional level. @entity2 structural genes gag, pol, and env represent one of the most extensively utilized models for studying codon usage-mediated effects on transgene expression. In the current work we demonstrate that the codon content affects not only @entity1 -driven @entity2 gag expression but also the expression of luciferase reporter gene transcribed independently from the SV40 promoter. The expression levels of both transgenes co-transfected into the @entity0 H1299 were inversely co-dependent. The observed phenomenon may be described as sequence-independent post-transcriptional gene silencing, which reflects the existing limitation of transgene expression in @entity0 cells at the post-transcriptional level. Optimization of the codon usage may provide for the additional level of regulation of transgene expression in gene transfer experiments in order to maintain the concentration of the protein at the therapeutic levels.

title: Co-influence of transgene expression in @entity0 cells. Mutual influence of transgenes on their expression in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Fluid administration to critically ill @entity0 remains the subject of considerable controversy. While intravenous fluid given for resuscitation may be life-saving, a positive fluid balance over time is associated with worse outcomes in @entity4 . The aim of this systematic review is to summarise the existing evidence regarding the relationship between fluid administration or balance and clinically important @entity0 outcomes in @entity4 . METHODS: We will search Medline, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from 1980 to the present and key conference proceedings from 2009 to the present. We will include studies of critically ill adults and @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity1 and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). We will include randomised controlled trials comparing two or more fluid regimens of different volumes of fluid and observational studies reporting the relationship between volume of fluid administered or fluid balance  and outcomes including mortality, lengths of intensive care unit and hospital stay and organ dysfunction. Two independent reviewers will assess articles for eligibility, data extraction and quality appraisal. We will conduct a narrative and/or meta-analysis as appropriate. DISCUSSION: While fluid management has been extensively studied and discussed in the critical care literature, no systematic review has attempted to summarise the evidence for post-resuscitation fluid strategies in @entity4 . Results of the proposed systematic review will inform practice and the design of future clinical trials. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: PROSPERO CRD42013005608. ( http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ).

title: Fluid strategies and outcomes in XXXX with @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity1 : a protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to describe the midterm results of extensive primary repair of the thoracic aorta by means of the modified @entity3 trunk technique with a stent graft for acute @entity2 , particularly the changes of the false lumen shown by enhanced computed tomographic scanning. METHODS: The subjects were 35 consecutive @entity0 who received arch replacement with open stent grafting for type A acute aortic dissection between December 1997 and April 2002. The mean follow-up period was 55 months (range, 30-83 months). Computed tomographic scanning was performed at 1, 3, 12, and 36 months postoperatively to detect @entity1 and obliteration of the false lumen after its exclusion by the stent graft. The diameter of the aorta was measured at 3 levels: the distal edge of the stent graft, the diaphragm, and the origin of the superior mesenteric artery. RESULTS: Two @entity0 died in the initial operation, but no @entity0 required additional surgical treatment of the thoracic aorta. The mean diameter of the stent grafts was 26.2 mm, and the mean length was 8.9 cm. @entity1 formation in the false lumen was recognized at the distal edge of the graft in all @entity0 , at the diaphragmatic level in 26 @entity0 , and at the superior mesenteric artery level in 15 @entity0 . Obliteration of the false lumen was recognized at the distal edge of the graft in all @entity0 , at the diaphragmatic level in 20 @entity0 , and at the superior mesenteric artery level in 15 @entity0 . The aorta distal to the stent graft showed minimal changes. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with acute type A aortic dissections, it is possible to perform extensive primary repair of the thoracic aorta with relative safety by using a synthetic graft with a self-expanding stent, and this method might reduce the necessity of further operations not only for the distal descending aorta but also for the thoracoabdominal aorta.

title: Midterm results of extensive primary repair of the thoracic aorta by means of total arch replacement with open stent graft placement for an acute XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In the intestine Hedgehog (Hh) signalling is directed from epithelium to mesenchyme and negatively regulates epithelial precursor cell fate. The role of Hh signalling in the oesophagus has not been studied in vivo. Here the authors examined the role of Hh signalling in epithelial homeostasis of oesophagus. DESIGN: The authors used @entity1 in which the Hh receptor @entity6 ( @entity6 ) could be conditionally inactivated in a body-wide manner and @entity1 in which @entity5 could be induced specifically in the epithelium of the skin and oesophagus. Effects on epithelial homeostasis of the oesophagus were examined using immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridisation, transmission electron microscopy and real-time PCR. Hh signalling was examined in @entity0 with @entity2 (SCC) by quantitative real-time PCR. RESULTS: Sonic Hh is signalled in an autocrine manner in the basal layer of the oesophagus. Activation of Hh signalling resulted in an expansion of the epithelial precursor cell compartment and failure of epithelial maturation and migration. Levels of Hh targets @entity4 , @entity7 and @entity3 were increased in SCC compared with normal tissue from the same @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Here the authors find that Hh signalling positively regulates the precursor cell compartment in the oesophageal epithelium in an autocrine manner. Since Hh signalling targets precursor cells in the oesophageal epithelium and signalling is increased in SCCs, Hh signalling may be involved in oesophageal SCC formation.

title: Hedgehog signalling stimulates precursor cell accumulation and impairs epithelial maturation in the XXXX oesophagus.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Thrombolysis for treatment of acute @entity2 should be administered as fast as possible after symptom onset. The aim of this study was to examine, in our tertiary care center, the time intervals preceding intra-arterial thrombolysis in order to accelerate and optimize the management of @entity1 . METHODS: Between January 1, 2000, and April 30, 2002, 597 @entity0 with @entity1 were admitted to our @entity1 center. One hundred forty-eight @entity0 underwent diagnostic arteriography, and 100 (16.8%) received intra-arterial thrombolysis. For all @entity0 , we prospectively recorded and analyzed the time of symptom onset, admission, CT and/or MRI scan, diagnostic arteriography, and, if performed, intra-arterial thrombolysis. RESULTS: The mean time to arrival in the emergency department was 99 minutes for @entity0 who were admitted directly (Bern @entity0 ), 127 minutes for those who were referred from community hospitals without a CT scanner (non-Bern/-CT @entity0 ), and 210 minutes for @entity0 from hospitals with imaging facilities (non-Bern/+CT @entity0 ). The mean delay from symptom onset to treatment was 234 minutes for Bern @entity0 , 269 minutes for non-Bern/-CT @entity0 , and 302 minutes for non-Bern/+CT @entity0 . The @entity0 from the last group needed longer to receive intra-arterial thrombolysis than did @entity0 who were admitted directly (P=0.002) or who were transferred from a hospital without a CT scanner (P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: This prospective study indicates that direct referral without prior imaging at community hospitals shortens the time until intra-arterial thrombolysis. In addition, our in-hospital delay preceding intra-arterial thrombolysis is longer than the delays reported for intravenous thrombolysis and indicates potential for improvement.

title: Pre- and in-hospital delays from XXXX onset to intra-arterial thrombolysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The depletion of three banned @entity4 drugs - @entity2 (DMZ), @entity0 (MNZ) and @entity3 (RNZ) - was investigated in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) following in-water medication. The highest concentrations of residues were measured immediately after the 24-h immersion (d0). At this time, MNZ and MNZ- @entity1 residues were measured in shrimp tissue samples at concentrations ranging from 361 to 4189 and from 0.28 to 6.6   g  kg(-1), respectively. DMZ and its metabolites HMMNI ranged in concentration between 31  509 and 37  780 and between 15.0 and 31.9   g  kg(-1), respectively. RNZ and HMMNI concentrations ranged from 14  530 to 24  206 and from 25.0 to 55   g  kg(-1), respectively. MNZ, DMZ and RNZ were the more persistent marker residues and can be detected for at least 8 days post-treatment. MNZ-OH was only detectable on d0 following treatment with MNZ. HMMNI residues were only detectable up to d1 (0.97-3.2   g  kg(-1)) or d2 (1.2-4.5   g  kg(-1)) following DMZ and RNZ treatment, respectively. The parent drugs MNZ, DMZ and RNZ were still measureable on d8 at 0.12-1.0, 40.5-55 and 8.8-18.7   g  kg(-1), respectively. The study also investigated the stability of @entity4 residues under various cooking procedures (frying, grilling, boiling, and boiling followed by microwaving). The experiments were carried out in shrimp muscle tissue containing both high and low concentrations of these residues. Different cooking procedures showed the impact on @entity4 residue concentration in shrimp tissue. Residue concentration depleted significantly, but partially, by boiling and/or microwaving, but the compounds were largely resistant to conventional grilling or frying. Cooking cannot therefore be considered as a safeguard against harmful @entity4 residues in shrimp.

title: Determination of the persistence of @entity2 , @entity0 and XXXX residues in @entity5 ( @entity5 ) tissue and their stability during cooking.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We are reporting 3 cases of the uterine corpus with collision of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The @entity0 ' ages ranged from 36 to 59  years old. The major clinical presentation was abnormal uterine @entity2 . Microscopically, all 3 cases presented with 2 separate components, @entity3 Grade 1 and @entity4 (one low grade and two high grades). The @entity3 component ranged from 10% to 70%, and the @entity4 component ranged from 30% to 70% of total @entity1 volume. The @entity3 component was stage 1A in two cases and stage II in one case. The @entity4 component was stages IA, IIB, and IIIB. Adjuvant hormonal therapy was administrated to one @entity0 while a second @entity0 was treated with chemo/radiation therapy. Two @entity0 were still alive with no evidence of disease at 4  years post-therapy. One @entity0 was lost for follow-up. @entity1 should be distinguished from @entity5 due to its different treatment modality, outcome and, prognosis.

title: @entity3 associated with XXXX : A rare, often unrecognized collision @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 can lead to increased vascular permeability in the lungs and @entity5 . Fibronectin plays an important role in maintaining the structural integrity of the pulmonary epithelium and endothelium. However, its importance in @entity2 has not been defined. @entity3 was produced by infusing @entity7 (5 ug/kg/hr) in @entity1 for 8 or 24 hr. Lung injury was assessed histologically and by determining lung microvascular permeability by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) analysis. Organ distribution of a target particle given intravenously was determined by the vascular clearance of magnetic @entity6 particles. Plasma fibronectin was measured by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay technique. After 8 hr of @entity7 infusion, serum amylase increased 8-fold. @entity4 correlated with @entity2 . BAL at 8 hr showed a 90% increase (P < 0.05) in albumin levels. Histological analysis at 8 hr revealed an increased number of leukocytes within the lungs. By 8 hr, plasma fibronectin significantly decreased 25% (P < 0.05) and the pulmonary uptake of @entity6 increased 111% (P < 0.05). By 24 hr, these effects had nearly resolved. These results indicate that decreases in serum fibronectin and increases in pulmonary leukocyte margination during acute @entity4 may compromise the integrity of the air-blood barrier and also increase the pulmonary uptake of circulating pathogenic materials, thus making @entity2 more likely.

title: Role of fibronectin in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity10 ) is a glucocorticoid produced by adrenal glands under the control of the @entity6 . Circulating @entity10 can enter the central nervous system and be reduced to neuroactive 3a5a-reduced @entity3 , which modulate GABAA receptors. In the dorsal spinal cord, GABAergic transmission modulates integration of nociceptive information. It has been shown that enhancing spinal inhibitory transmission alleviates @entity5 and @entity5 . Therefore, the spinal neuronal network is a pivotal target to counteract @entity2 symptoms. Thus, any increase in spinal 3a5a-reduced @entity1 production enhancing GABAergic inhibition should reduce nociceptive message integration and the @entity2 response. Previously, it has been shown that high levels of plasma glucocorticoids give rise to @entity4 . However, to our knowledge, nothing has been reported regarding direct non-genomic modulation of neuronal spinal activity by peripheral @entity10 . In the present study, we used combined in vivo and in vitro electrophysiology approaches, associated with measurement of nociceptive mechanical sensitivity and plasma @entity10 level measurement, to assess the impact of circulating @entity10 on @entity0 nociception. We showed that @entity10 plasma level elevation produced @entity4 via a reduction in @entity8 -mediated spinal responses. In the spine, @entity10 is reduced to the neuroactive metabolite @entity9 , which specifically enhances lamina II GABAergic synaptic transmission. The main consequence is a reduction in lamina II network excitability, reflecting a selective decrease in the processing of nociceptive inputs. The depressed neuronal activity at the spinal level then, in turn, leads to weaker nociceptive message transmission to supraspinal structures and hence to alleviation of @entity2 .

title: @entity7 @entity4 is mediated by the spinal production of neuroactive metabolites that enhance GABAergic inhibitory transmission on dorsal horn XXXX neurons.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: In 1990, @entity6 (FU) plus @entity8 for 1 year became standard adjuvant treatment for @entity0 with high-risk stages II and III @entity5 . Intergroup (INT) 0089 assessed the relative contributions of @entity7 and @entity8 in such @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: From 1988 to 1992, 3,794 @entity0 were randomly assigned. Experimental treatment consisted of one of three chemotherapy regimens: the low-dose @entity7 plus FU (Mayo Clinic; LDLV) regimen, the high-dose @entity7 plus FU (Roswell Park; HDLV) regimen, and the low-dose @entity7 plus @entity8 plus FU (LDLV plus LEV) regimen, each administered for 30 to 32 weeks. The control arm was @entity8 plus FU (LEV) for 1 year. RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 10 years, of 3,561 eligible @entity0 , 1,691 (47%) have died and 1,330 (37%) have experienced disease recurrence; 137 (10%) of those experiencing recurrence are still alive. A total of 481 @entity0 (13%) died without evidence of recurrence, and 1,723 (48%) are alive and disease free. Although there were @entity4 differences among the four arms, none was statistically superior in disease-free or overall survival. CONCLUSION: The 6- to 8-month regimens of LDLV and HDLV without @entity8 used in this trial, rather than the previous standard regimen of 12 months of LEV, have become widely used. INT-0089 has long-term follow-up of the largest clinical trial of @entity0 with high-risk @entity5 , documenting not only the durability of the treatment effects, but also the natural history of @entity0 with high-risk @entity5 , and analyses of treatment based on age, race, and comorbid conditions such as @entity3 , @entity2 , and second @entity1 .

title: Phase III study of @entity6 , XXXX , and @entity8 in high-risk stage II and III @entity5 : final report of Intergroup 0089.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity0 with the B-cell @entity3 ( @entity3 ) exhibit a skewed T-cell repertoire with oligoclonal expression or absence of many members of the T-cell receptor (TCR) BV gene families. To evaluate whether interferon-alpha ( @entity2 ) therapy would not only restore normal hematopoiesis, but also the abnormal T-cell repertoire, we studied T lymphocytes from a cohort of @entity3 @entity0 treated by @entity2 in the past, at initiation, and at several intervals up to 6 years of @entity2 treatment. The junctional regions from 22 TCRBV gene families were analyzed after polymerase chain reaction amplification of cDNA (RT-PCR) using family specific primers. In all seven @entity0 improvement of the skewed T-cell repertoire was not seen until 2 years of treatment. It consisted of disappearance of oligoclonal subpopulations and (polyclonal) reappearance of absent TCRBV gene families. The RT-PCR results were correlated with the TCRBV protein expression using TCRBV-specific monoclonal antibodies. T lymphocytes from four @entity0 with active @entity3 contained large expansions of particular TCRBV-expressing cells (up to 25% of the CD3+ cells; 600 to 700/microL whole blood), which decreased during @entity2 therapy in both @entity0 tested. Finally, restoration of the TCR repertoire matched normalization of the functional immune repertoire as measured by proliferative, helper, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte precursor frequencies against major histocompatibility complex-unrelated individuals. In conclusion, oligoclonal bands of TCRBV gene families found by RT-PCR correspond with a dramatic increase in circulating T lymphocytes expressing the same TCRBV family. Moreover, @entity2 can restore the skewed T-cell repertoire and suppress persistent T-cell clones upon treatment of the accompanying @entity1 .

title: Correction of abnormal T-cell receptor repertoire during interferon-alpha therapy in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To investigate the postoperative transfusion and complication rates of anemic and @entity9 @entity0 given @entity5 ( @entity6 ). METHODS: A cross-sectional prospective study was conducted of primary hip and knee arthroplasty cases performed from 11/2012 to 6/2014. Exclusion criteria included revision arthroplasty, bilateral arthroplasty, acute arthroplasty after @entity1 , and contraindication to @entity6 . @entity0 were screened prior to surgery, with @entity4 was defined as hemoglobin of less than 12 g/dL for females and of less than 13 g/dL for males. @entity0 were divided into four different groups, based on the type of arthroplasty (total hip or total knee) and hemoglobin status (anemic or nonanemic). Intraoperatively, all @entity0 received 2 g of intravenous @entity6 during surgery. Postoperatively, allogeneic blood transfusion (ABT) was directed by both clinical symptoms and relative hemoglobin change. Complications were recorded within the first two weeks after surgery and included @entity7 , @entity3 , and wound breakdown. The differences in transfusion and complication rates, as well as the relative hemoglobin change, were compared between anemic and nonanemic groups. RESULTS: A total of 232 @entity0 undergoing primary joint arthroplasty were included in the study. For the total hip arthroplasty cohort, 21% (18/84) of @entity0 presented with preoperative @entity4 . Two @entity0 in the anemic group and two @entity0 in the nonanemic group needed ABTs; this was not significantly different (P = 0.20). One @entity0 in the anemic group presented with a @entity8 while no @entity0 in the nonanemic group had an acute complication; this was not significantly different (P = 0.21). For nonanemic @entity0 , the average change in hemoglobin was 2.73    1.17 g/dL. For anemic @entity0 , the average change in hemoglobin was 2.28    0.96 g/dL. Between the two groups, the hemoglobin difference of 0.45 g/dL was not significant (P = 0.13). For the total knee arthroplasty cohort, 18% (26/148) of @entity0 presented with preoperative @entity4 . No @entity0 in either group required a blood transfusion or had an @entity2 . For nonanemic @entity0 , the average change in hemoglobin was 1.85    0.79 g/dL. For anemic @entity0 , the average change in hemoglobin was 1.09    0.58 g/dL. Between the two groups, the hemoglobin difference of 0.76 g/dL was significant (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity6 administration results in low transfusion and complication rates and may be a useful adjunct for TJA @entity0 with preoperative @entity4 .

title: Can @entity5 change preoperative @entity4 management during XXXX ?

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity2 is one of several risk factors for @entity4 . Others include the cardiovascular risk factors of low levels of high density lipoprotein, high total @entity3 , smoking, and @entity1 . Certain antihypertensive drugs, especially the @entity7 diuretics, can contribute to @entity4 . @entity9 is the first oral agent available for the treatment of @entity4 . It works in @entity0 with psychogenic as well as @entity4 , including @entity0 with @entity2 and men on antihypertensive medicines. @entity9 alone causes small drops in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. When administered to patients on antihypertensive drugs it was again associated with small drops in arterial pressure and no increase in adverse events compared to @entity0 not taking antihypertensive drugs. When @entity9 is given in the setting of organic @entity8 ( @entity5 donors), large falls in blood pressure may occur. @entity9 is absolutely contraindicated in the setting of organic @entity6 use. (c)2000 by Le Jacq Communications, Inc.

title: XXXX as a Risk for Erectile Dysfunction: Implications for @entity9 Use.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the use of a unilateral modification of the Moore pharyngoplasty in the treatment of unilateral or asymmetric @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and analyze the results in a consecutive series of @entity0 operated on by a single surgeon. DESIGN: Blind assessment of randomized speech and nasendoscopy recordings. SETTING: A two-site tertiary referral cleft unit. @entity0 : Eighteen consecutive @entity0 with asymmetrical or unilateral @entity1 of varying etiology. INTERVENTIONS: A unilateral Moore pharyngoplasty was performed in all @entity0 . Three @entity0 underwent radical dissection and retropositioning of the velar muscles at the same time as the unilateral Moore pharyngoplasty. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Pre- and postoperative nasality and nasal airflow using the CAPS score, assessment of nasendoscopy recordings, and the rate of further surgery. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in @entity2 (p =.014). There was a highly significant decrease in the size of the velopharyngeal gap on the side on which the Moore pharyngoplasty was performed (p =.004) as well as a highly significant decrease in the total gap size (p =.003). The Moore flap was effective in obliterating the lateral pharyngeal recess in 11 of 12 @entity0 (p =.004). Three @entity0 required further velopharyngeal surgery. CONCLUSIONS: In appropriately selected @entity0 , a unilateral Moore pharyngoplasty is a safe and effective treatment for unilateral or asymmetric @entity1 . If indicated, a radical dissection and retropositioning of the velar muscles may be combined with a Moore pharyngoplasty.

title: Unilateral Moore pharyngoplasty in the treatment of unilateral or asymmetric XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The incidence of @entity1 decreased in Finland over a 30-year period because of an effective screening program, but in the beginning of the 1990s it began to increase. Reasons for such an increase are variable: changes in sexual habits, shortcomings in attendance for screening and possibly variation in laboratory quality. We evaluated the impact of 3 laboratories in the greater Helsinki area on screening performance and on the incidence of @entity0 and preinvasive @entity2 in the target population. We studied time trends, geographic differences in attendance and detection rates from screening and the incidence of @entity0 in the greater Helsinki area (population about 1 million) during the 1990s, when screening was reorganized from the @entity1 Society of Finland laboratory to the municipal one (Helsinki) and to a private laboratory (Espoo), while in Vantaa screening remained with the same @entity1 Society laboratory. The attendance rate for screening increased during the study period in all 3 cities. The numbers of cytologically suspected and histologically confirmed @entity3 found, including severe lesions, decreased significantly with the change of laboratory in Espoo; but in Helsinki and Vantaa, they increased. The overall incidence of @entity0 increased in all cities in the age groups screened but mostly in Espoo. The rather rapid changes and variation in trends in the number of screening findings cannot be explained by changes in etiologic factors or attendance. They may be related more to the quality of the laboratory performance and perhaps to the criteria used in cytology and colposcopy. A well-organized auditing system is proposed to maintain high quality in screening.

title: Effect of type of screening laboratory on population-based occurrence of XXXX in Finland.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: @entity4 initially emerged as a gut-brain hormone controlling food intake, meal initiation and appetite mainly via hypothalamic circuits in both rodents and @entity0 . The findings that @entity4 receptors (GHS-R1A) are expressed in reward-related areas, including the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and ventral tegmental area (VTA), suggest that @entity4 is a novel reward regulator. Indeed, @entity4 signalling mediates the rewarding and motivational properties of addictive drugs. In addition, daily co-administration of a GHS-R1A antagonist and various addictive drugs prevents the drug-induced locomotor sensitization in @entity1 . METHODS: The present series of experiment were designed to evaluate the effect of repeated pharmacological GHS-R1A suppression on drug-induced locomotor stimulation in more detail. RESULTS: We showed that sub-chronic pre-treatment of the GHS-R1A antagonist, @entity6 , attenuated the ability of acute administration of @entity2 as well as of @entity3 to stimulate locomotion. However, there was no effect of sub-chronic @entity6 treatment on locomotor activity per se or on the expression of the GHS-R1A gene ( @entity5 ) in the VTA or the NAc compared with vehicle treatment. In addition, sub-chronic @entity4 treatment caused a locomotor sensitization. CONCLUSIONS: While previous research has pinpointed @entity4 as an appetite regulator the present study together with previous studies suggest that @entity4 signalling modulates various reward-mediated behaviours in rodents. Collectively, this suggests that the GHS-R1A could be a key target for novel treatment strategies for addiction.

title: Sub-chronic @entity5 Blockade Attenuates @entity2 - and XXXX -Induced Locomotor Stimulation in Mice.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 , especially @entity9 in @entity0 and adolescent are serious problem of all over the world in the field of @entity0 and adolescent psychiatry. In the recent years @entity9 occur in the earlier age. The prevalence of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is about 1-2% in preadolescent @entity0 and 3-8% in adolescents. When the @entity4 is not treated there is a big risk of worsening of symptoms, risk of suicide and development of @entity1 . The quality of life of the @entity0 and its family is decreasing in the whole view. The molecular basis of @entity4 is not well known. The main pathomechanism of @entity4 is in noradrenergic, serotonergic and dopaminergic pathway dysregulation, nutition factors, which can influence structure and metabolism of lipids. It was found decreased level of omega 3 fatty aids (FA), increased ratio of omega 6/omega 3 FA in the serum and in erythrocyte membrane. It is supposed that the oxidative neuronal injury can be prevented by dietary supplementation of antioxidants and that membrane phospholipids can be repaired by dietary supplementation of @entity13 . @entity15 may also participate in modulation of membrane fluidity, which influences the transmission of neurotransmitters. The membrane fluidity is affected by the ratio of phospholipids to free @entity3 . In addition, activation of the inflammatory response was found in @entity4 @entity0 through increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines ( @entity10 , @entity7 , @entity6 , @entity5 ) and @entity14 ( @entity11 ) in blood and cerebrospinal fluid. This results in increased lipid peroxidation and degradation of @entity12 , which may result in increased oxidative stress. @entity15 also stimulate anti-inflammatory cytokines ( @entity8 ) or inhibit the cyclooxygenase, platelet aggregation and formation of @entity14 . The potential molecular mechanisms will be discussed.

title: XXXX and @entity15 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity affects lung function and respiratory muscle strength. The aim of the present study was to assess lung function and respiratory muscle strength in @entity0 with @entity1 and determine the influence of body composition on these variables. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 75 @entity0 (40 with @entity1 and 35 within the ideal weight range) aged 6 - 10 years. Body mass index, z score, waist circumference, body composition (tetrapolar bioimpedance), respiratory muscle strength and lung function (spirometry) were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity1 exhibited larger quantities of both lean and fat mass in comparison to those in the ideal weight range. No significant differences were found between groups regarding the respective reference values for respiratory muscle strength. Male @entity0 with @entity1 demonstrated significantly lower lung function values (forced expiratory volume in the first second % (FEV1%) and FEV1/forced vital capacity % (FVC%) : 93.76    9.78 and 92.29    3.8, respectively) in comparison to males in the ideal weight range (99.87    9.72 and 96.31    4.82, respectively). The regression models demonstrated that the spirometric variables were influenced by all body composition variables. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity1 demonstrated a reduction in lung volume and capacity. Thus, anthropometric and body composition characteristics may be predictive factors for altered lung function.

title: Influence of Body Composition on Lung Function and Respiratory Muscle Strength in XXXX With Obesity.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The incidence rate of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has increased over the past decades, but the pathogenesis remains unclear. @entity5 , located in pre-miR-146a, has been studied in PTCs with different ethnicity, but the results were inconsistent. Here we evaluate the association between @entity5 polymorphism and @entity4 and investigate the effect of this polymorphism on @entity0 ' clinicopathological characteristics. 1238 @entity4 @entity0 and 1275 controls, all Han population, from Northern China, were included in our study. @entity5 was genotyped using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Analysis of inheritance model was performed using the SNPStats program. Strength of association was assessed by odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Overall, no statistical difference in @entity5 genotype distribution and allelic frequencies between cases and controls was found, and @entity0 with different genotypes had similar clinicopathological characteristics in terms of stage, location, concurrent of @entity2 , and @entity3 , while, as the number of G alleles increased, proportion of @entity0 aged >= 45 years and those without @entity1 increased (P trend < 0.001 and P trend = 0.003, resp.). However, no association remained significant after Bonferroni correction under any model of inheritance. Our results suggest no association between @entity5 polymorphism with @entity4 and @entity0 ' clinicopathological characteristics.

title: Association of Pre-miR-146a XXXX Polymorphism with @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine the influence of age, education, admission in nursing homes and @entity5 ( @entity4 , @entity1 , hyperlipidaemia, @entity6 and @entity7 ) on the cognitive state of the population over 65 years of age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A study was made of a geriatric outpatient population ( @entity0 living at home or institutionalised) with @entity5 , who showed @entity3 and @entity7 . The cognitive mini-exam (CME) and the geriatric @entity7 scale (Yesavage) were administered. RESULTS: One hundred and forty-seven @entity0 participated, with an average age of 71.4 years and a similar proportion of @entity0 (74; 50.3%) and @entity0 (73; 49.7%). Thirty-four subjects (23.1%) were living in nursing homes. The most @entity2 were @entity4 (50%), @entity6 (30%), @entity1 (22%), @entity8 (22%), @entity7 (13%) and hypercholesterolaemia (12%). Half of the @entity0 (79; 53.7%) were following treatment with more than three medicines; 60 (40.6%) with between two and three medicines, and only 8 (5.5%) were taking no medication. The percentage of subjects living in an institution increased with age. The consumption of medicines was also higher amongst the more elderly. The scores on the cognitive scale (CME) decrease with age and were also lower amongst subjects who live in institutions (above all if they suffer from @entity7 ). The @entity0 who took psychotropics had lower scores on the CME. Although performances on the CME are lower amongst subjects with a low level of education, the differences do not reach statistical significance. The presence of hyperlipidaemia also decreased the results of the CME. CONCLUSIONS: The socio-health factors that altered performance negatively in the cognitive mini-exam are advanced age and institutionalisation. These results are also significantly influenced by @entity7 , hyperlipidaemia and the consumption of medicines that affect the cognitive state.

title: [Influence of socio-health variables on the cognitive state of mind of the geriatric XXXX of a health centre].

answer: @entity0


abstract: Prophylactic laparoscopic cholecystectomy should be performed in solid organ transplant @entity0 with asymptomatic @entity3 . Modeled, decision analytic techniques were used to evaluate the different management strategies for asymptomatic @entity3 in @entity1 . The clinical outcomes of expectant management, pretransplantation prophylactic cholecystectomy, and posttransplantation prophylactic cholecystectomy were analyzed for each population. The probabilities and outcomes were derived form a pooled analysis of published studies. One- and two-way sensitivity and cost analyses were performed. Prophylactic posttransplantation cholecystectomy is favored for cardiac transplant recipients with asymptomatic @entity3 , resulting in 5:1000 @entity2 versus 80:1000 for pretransplantation cholecystectomy and 44:1000 for expectant management. In distinction, expectant management for asymptomatic @entity3 is favored in pancreas/renal transplant @entity0 , resulting in 2:1000 @entity2 compared with 5:1000 for prophylactic cholecystectomy. After heart transplantation, a strategy of routine, prophylactic cholecystectomy is anticipated to result in a cost savings of  17,779 per quality-adjusted life-year. Prophylactic posttransplantation cholecystectomy is the preferred management strategy for cardiac transplant @entity0 with incidental @entity4 , resulting in decreased mortality and significant cost savings per quality-adjusted life-year. Expectant management is the preferred strategy for @entity1 transplant recipients with asymptomatic @entity3 .

title: Prophylactic cholecystectomy in transplant XXXX : a decision analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The hepatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) pathway is essential for clearing circulating LDL and is an important therapeutic target for treating @entity1 . Abundance of the @entity3 is subject to both transcriptional and nontranscriptional control. Here, we highlight a new post-transcriptional mechanism for controlling @entity3 function via ubiquitination of the receptor by the E3-ubiquitin ligase inducible degrader of the @entity3 ( @entity2 ). RECENT FINDINGS: @entity2 is a recently identified transcriptional target of the liver X receptors. Acting as an E3-ubiquitin ligase @entity2 promotes ubiquitination of the @entity3 , thereby marking it for lysosomal degradation. The determinants required for degradation of the @entity3 by @entity2 have been largely identified. @entity2 also targets two related lipoprotein receptors, the very @entity3 and apolipoprotein E receptor 2. Despite several similarities, the @entity2 , and @entity4 pathways for controlling @entity3 abundance seem independent of each other. Genome-wide association studies have recently identified @entity2 as a locus influencing variability in circulating levels of LDL, thereby highlighting the possible role of @entity2 in @entity0 lipoprotein metabolism. SUMMARY: Transcriptional induction of @entity2 by liver X receptor defines a new post-transcriptional pathway for controlling @entity3 abundance and LDL uptake independent of @entity5 regulatory element binding proteins. Targeting @entity2 activity may offer a novel therapeutic approach complementary to statins for treating @entity1 .

title: Post-transcriptional regulation of lipoprotein receptors by the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endovascular coiling (EVC) has been shown to yield superior clinical outcomes to surgical clipping (SC) in the treatment of @entity3 . The reasons for these differences remain obscure. We aimed to assess outcomes of EVC and SC relative to baseline physiological derangement. METHODS: This was an exploratory analysis of prospectively collected trial data. Physiological derangement was assessed using the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scoring system. Other contributory variables such as age, World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS) grade, and development of complications, including @entity2 and @entity4 , were included in the analysis. Clinical outcome was independently assessed at 90   days using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Hospital stay, ventilated days, and total @entity1 dose were also used as secondary outcomes. Multivariate analysis was performed using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: EVC was performed in 69 @entity0 and SC in 66 @entity0 . More profound physiological derangement (APACHE II score >15) was the strongest predictor of poor outcome in the overall cohort (OR 17.80, 95% CI 4.78 to 66.21, p<0.0001). For those with more deranged physiology (APACHE II score>15; 59 @entity0 ), WFNS grade >= 4 (OR 6.74, 1.43 to 31.75) and SC (OR 6.33, 1.27 to 31.38) were significant predictors of poor outcome (p<0.05). Favorable outcome (mRS 0-2) was seen in 11% of SC @entity0 compared with 38% of EVC @entity0 in this subgroup. SC @entity0 had significantly increased total @entity1 dose, ventilated days, and hospital stay (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: More profound physiological derangement at baseline is a strong predictor of eventual poor outcome, and outcomes for @entity0 with more profound baseline physiological derangement may be improved if undergoing a coiling procedure.

title: Short term outcomes following clipping and coiling of XXXX : does some of the benefit of coiling stem from less procedural impact on deranged physiology at presentation?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is increased in subjects with @entity9 or newly diagnosed @entity1 . However, no previous studies have evaluated the relationship between the severity of @entity7 , assessed by the presence of carotid plaques or @entity6 , and the glycemic status, assessed either by fasting @entity3 , an oral @entity3 tolerance test (OGTT) or @entity8 levels. METHODS: Cross-sectional analysis of 1475 subjects (mean age 62 years, 44% males), randomly selected from the population. A fasting blood sample was obtained to determine @entity3 , lipids, and @entity8 levels. An OGTT was performed in non- @entity1 subjects. Carotid @entity5 was evaluated by echo-doppler. RESULTS: A 10.5% of the population had a previous diagnosis of @entity1 . Of the 1320 non- @entity1 @entity0 , 349 (26.4%) had normal fasting @entity3 , normal @entity3 tolerance and @entity8  <  5.7%, and were considered controls. @entity9 was diagnosed in 850 subjects (64.4%), and @entity1 was newly diagnosed in 121 (9.2%). The prevalence of @entity0 with carotid plaques was 34.2% in controls, 45.1% in prediabetics, 64.2% in newly diagnosed @entity1 , and 72.9% in established @entity1 @entity0 . These numbers were 0.3%, 1.1%, 5.0% and 7.7% for @entity4 , respectively. In multivariate analysis, glycemic status remained significantly associated with the prevalence of carotid plaques after adjusting for age, sex, statin treatment, and cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: Glycemic status is associated with all grades of @entity7 , from early signs, as demonstrated by the @entity2 , to intermediate degrees, as demonstrated by the presence of carotid plaques, to advance @entity5 , as established by the presence of @entity4 .

title: Carotid XXXX severity in relation to glycemic status: A cross-sectional population study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: This report concerns an autopsy case of rapidly progressive @entity7 and @entity8 . The @entity0 was a Japanese @entity0 who was 75 years old at the time of @entity2 . The family history did not reveal hereditary burden. She developed language disturbances and difficulty in swallowing at age 74. Neurological examination 1 month after the disease onset revealed @entity9 without @entity3 and bulbar sign, followed by @entity4 of the four extremities. Neuroradiological examination revealed progressive @entity1 of the anterior part of the left temporal lobe. She died of respiratory difficulty 10 months after the disease onset. Macroscopically, neuropathological examination showed circumscribed @entity1 of the left perisylvian region and, histologically, @entity5 in the cerebral cortex, including the primary motor area, substantia nigra, brain stem motor nuclei, and anterior horns of the spinal cord, in addition to obvious degeneration of the pyramidal tracts and presence of Bunina bodies. Ubiquitin-immunoreactive neuronal inclusions were present in the hippocampal dentate granular cells and frontotemporal cortical layer II neurons. Based on these clinicopathological findings and a review of the literature, we concluded that our case is the first reported case of @entity6 with @entity3 that clinically showed rapidly progressive @entity7 .

title: Rapidly progressive @entity7 and @entity8 : a clinical, radiological, and pathological study of an autopsy case with circumscribed XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Lesions of the heart valves are the commonest acquired @entity3 seen in pediatric age group. In India, the underlying cause for most @entity5 is chronic @entity12 ( @entity12 ). The aim of evaluation of @entity0 with @entity5 is not only to make a diagnosis, but also to decide the management plan. The pediatrician or physician is usually the first health care provider to whom such @entity0 (or their parents) report. It is therefore imperative that the general physician and pediatricians are well versed with @entity5 . @entity5 produce characteristic murmurs and a bedside diagnosis is possible in majority. However, further investigations such as X ray of the chest and an ECG are useful tools to refine the diagnosis. Echocardiography is now widely available to most of the @entity0 in India and is very useful for assessing the severity of @entity5 and to identify the underlying etiology. Serial echocardiography is instrumental in deciding the timing of intervention. Mitral valve is most commonly affected followed by aortic; in some @entity0 both valves may be affected. The valve may not close properly, resulting in regurgitation of blood flow in reverse direction or does not open fully ( @entity6 ). In @entity4 ( @entity4 ), the blood flows in the reverse direction. @entity4 can occur secondary to several causes, but in India, the commonest cause is @entity12 . @entity0 may remain asymptpmatic for a long period of time. Symptoms include @entity9 , palpitations and later exertional breathlessness. @entity4 typically produces a pansystolic murmur at apex, which may radiate to @entity8 . Surgical intervention is reserved for all symptomatic @entity0 with severe @entity4 . Valve repair is preferred over prosthetic valve replacement. @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is almost always due to @entity12 . Severe @entity11 results in @entity2 , @entity1 and @entity7 . @entity0 are often symptomatic with @entity10 . Hemoptysis may occur. A typical rumbling mid diastolic murmur is the hallmark of @entity11 . Balloon mitral valvotomy, performed in the catheterization lab, is recommended for severe @entity11 .

title: Evaluation of Acquired XXXX by the Pediatrician: When to Follow, When to Refer for Intervention? Part I.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity4 is a @entity2 of the tunica albuginea, characterized by development of a plaque consisting primarily of collagen. It has been suggested that @entity3 to the erect penis is the inciting event. More recent research has focused on the cellular events leading to the dysregulated wound healing and plaque formation. Previous work has shown chromosomal aneusomies and this combined with an increased S-phase in plaque derived cell cultures suggests a perturbation in the cell cycle in this condition. The @entity5 protein has been shown to be an important cell cycle regulator and pro-apoptotic factor. Aberrant @entity5 function leading to cell immortalization and proliferation has been implicated in several @entity0 @entity1 . We hypothesized that abnormal @entity5 function may explain the high proliferative ability of fibroblasts derived from @entity4 . This study was undertaken to study the presence and function of @entity5 and its downstream elements ( @entity6 , @entity7 ) in @entity4 cell cultures. Plaque-derived fibroblasts have been established in culture and characterized. These cells and control neonatal foreskin fibroblasts were subjected to 5 Gy of gamma radiation to induce DNA damage. After fixation, antibodies to @entity5 and its transcriptional elements were used to stain irradiated and non-irradiated cells and levels of @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity7 were quantified using combined immunofluorescence and flow cytometry. Non-irradiated plaque fibroblasts demonstrated the presence of @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity7 at baseline. In control foreskin fibroblasts no @entity5 or @entity7 were detectable at baseline. In irradiated foreskin-derived cells significant changes in all elements were demonstrated indicating a fully functional @entity5 pathway and cell cycle checkpoint system in these cells. In contrast, plaque-derived cells showed no such alterations in levels of cell cycle regulators following irradiation. This is highly suggestive of an aberration of the @entity5 pathway in plaque-derived fibroblasts. Peyronie's plaque-derived fibroblasts demonstrated stabilization and defunctionalization of @entity5 protein combined with appropriate responses of its transcriptional elements. These findings may explain the high cell proliferation rates in these cells and suggests a role for perturbation of the @entity5 pathway in the pathogenesis of @entity4 .

title: Perturbation of cell cycle regulators in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 comprise a quarter of the @entity3 and the @entity1 represent the highest percentage of them. They are benign, but they can be invasive and they have an impact in morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical features of @entity2 , and create a computerized registry to improve strategies for diagnosis and monitoring of these @entity0 . METHODS: A retrospective, descriptive analysis of 102 medical records of a total of 191 @entity0 who attended the endocrinology service from 2003 to 2014 .The variables were analyzed by the corresponding descriptive statistics. The SPSS 11.5 was used. RESULTS: 63% were @entity0 , and (74.4%) had age from 25-60 years. 54% were nonfunctioning @entity1 , 28% to @entity4 , 11.8% and 6.2% @entity5 corticotropinomas. In all types the female group was predominant, except nonfunctioning. Of the nonfunctioning @entity1 79% were macroadenomas, @entity4 52% were microadenomas and surgery was performed in 37% of them. The @entity5 , 80% were macroadenomas, 80% of @entity0 and 40% radiotherapy was operated. In corticotropinomas, both micro and macroadenomas were submitted by the same percentage (50%) and all of them underwent surgery. CONCLUSION: The findings are consistent with the literature in terms of frequency and age of onset of @entity1 . We suggest the development of a registry to optimize the monitoring and treatment of @entity0 , research and scientific publication.

title: [ XXXX : 10 years of experience].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The nutritional value of rapeseed meal may be variable due to the variation of its chemical composition. And a precise understanding of the nutritional value of an ingredient is beneficial for the accurate diet formulation and reduction of feed costs. This study was conducted to determine the chemical composition, digestible energy (DE) and metabolizable energy (ME) content, and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) of @entity3 (AA) for growing @entity4 . Thirteen solvent-extracted double-low rapeseed meal (DLRSM) samples were obtained from the main double-low rapeseed producing areas in China. METHODS: The DE and ME contents of the 13 DLRSM samples were measured in growing @entity4 (six @entity4 per DLRSM sample, average initial body weight (BW)   =   48.3  kg). The @entity8 and @entity8 of AA of 10 DLRSM samples were determined in 12 crossbred barrows (average initial BW   =   35.3  kg) by using two 6   *   6 Latin square designs. Each Latin square comprised one N-free diet and 5 DLRSM test diets. RESULTS: The chemical composition of DLRSM varied among samples, and the coefficient of variation was greater than 10  % for ether extract (EE), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), @entity2 ( @entity10 ), and total @entity11 . The AA content of DLRSM varied among samples especially for @entity1 ( @entity9 ) and @entity5 ( @entity7 ). On a @entity0 ( @entity0 ) basis, the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE), the DE and ME and the ME:DE ratio of DLRSM averaged 62.39  %, 2862  kcal/kg and 2723  kcal/kg, and 94.95  %, respectively. The mean value of @entity8 of @entity9 was 70.52  % which varied from 66.54-76.54  %. The @entity8 of crude protein (CP), @entity7 , and @entity6 ( @entity12 ) averaged 72.81  %, 82.41  %, and 69.76  %, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: There was great variability in chemical composition especially in the concentration of EE, NDF and ADF, but no significant differences in energy content of the DLRSM samples were observed. In addition, the @entity8 and @entity8 of all AA were relatively similar among DLRSM samples except for that of @entity9 .

title: Chemical composition, energy and amino acid digestibility in double-low rapeseed meal fed to growing XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Although @entity1 resection is the mainstay of treatment for @entity3 , there are no established guidelines indicating which @entity0 should be operated on immediately and which should undergo surgery after @entity1 reduction with chemotherapy. In an effort to develop such guidelines, the LNESG1 study defined @entity5 ( @entity5 ) based on the imaging characteristics. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 905 @entity0 with suspected @entity3 were registered by 10 European countries between January 1995 and October 1999; 811 of 905 @entity0 were eligible for this analysis. RESULTS: Information on @entity5 was obtained for 719 of 811 @entity0 ; 367 without and 352 with @entity5 . Of these 719 @entity0 , 201 @entity0 (four without and 197 with @entity5 ) underwent biopsy only. An attempt at @entity1 excision was made in 518 @entity0 : 363 of 367 @entity0 without and 155 of 352 @entity0 with @entity5 (98.9% v 44.0%). Complete excision was achieved in 271 of 363 @entity0 without and in 72 of 155 @entity0 with @entity4 (74.6% v 46.4%), near-complete excision was achieved in 81 and 61 @entity0 (22.3% v 39.3%), and incomplete excision was achieved in 11 and 22 @entity0 (3.0% v 14.2%), respectively. There were two surgery-related @entity2 . Nonfatal surgery-related complications occurred in 45 of 518 @entity0 (8.7%) and were less frequent in @entity0 without @entity5 (5.0% v 17.4%). Associated surgical procedures were also less frequent in @entity0 without @entity5 (1.6% v 9.7%). CONCLUSION: The adoption of @entity5 as predictors of adverse surgical outcome was validated because their presence was associated with lower complete resection rate and greater risk of surgery-related complications. Additional studies aiming to better define the surgical approach to @entity3 are warranted.

title: Surgical risk factors in primary surgery for @entity3 : the LNESG1 study of the European International Society of XXXX Group.

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity2 is a mild self-limiting disease all over the world; nevertheless, it is of significant public health importance due to its teratogenic effect of @entity3 . @entity2 vaccine is currently not included in the national immunization program in India. @entity2 -specific IgG in the unvaccinated population is a marker of previous @entity1 . @entity2 IgG estimation in @entity0 will provide data for initiation and necessary modification to the immunization strategy. AIMS: In this background, this study was conducted with an aim to know the age-specific susceptibility of acquiring @entity1 and future risk of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) among @entity0 . SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a community-based, observational study. @entity0 AND METHODS: The study was conducted at a randomly selected rural area Mavoor Panchayath of Kozhikode District, Kerala, among adolescent @entity0 . The estimation of @entity2 -specific IgG antibody was done by quantitative enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. IgG titer value of >15 IU was taken positive, 8-15 IU as equivocal, and <8 IU as negative. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical program for Social science version 16 for Windows. Chi-square test was applied to find out significant difference and @entity4 's exact test wherever applicable. RESULTS: The data and blood sample collection was done from 250 @entity0 . The mean IgG titer was 151.93    128.78 IU, and as per the criteria, 68.3% were positive, 28.5% were negative, and 3.2% were equivocal. At this age, majority (68.3%) of the @entity0 get protection by natural @entity1 without any vaccine. Some @entity0 (32%) may remain susceptible to @entity1 during adulthood and pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 was widely prevalent among @entity0 population and at this age. An immunization policy recommending @entity2 -containing vaccine is highly desirable to prevent @entity2 and @entity3 .

title: Prevalence of XXXX -specific IgG antibodies in unimmunized young female population.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 ( @entity3 ) is the first choice in the treatment of @entity1 ( @entity1 ), but the doses and regimens vary significantly. For this purpose, we conducted an observational study on the use of @entity3 for @entity1 in Italy (MARI study). METHODS: The MARI study included 1,327 @entity1 @entity0 on @entity3 treatment for at least 12 months, at 60 Italian rheumatology units. Concomitant medications with corticosteroids, other DMARDs or biological therapies were recorded. The clinical assessment included the Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) and the serological positivity for the rheumatoid factor or for the anti-citrullinated protein antibodies. RESULTS: The included @entity0 were treated with either oral (n=288) or parenteral (n=1039) @entity3 . Only 15.5% of the total number of the @entity0 was on adequate @entity3 dose (i.e. >= 15 mg for the oral route of administration and >12 mg for the parenteral one). The initially established @entity3 dose was modified in 37.1% of the @entity0 , for intolerance or clinical criteria. A DAS28 remission (DAS28 <2.6) was observed only in 58.5% of the cases, while 52.9% of the @entity0 still presenting an active form of the disease were on suboptimal doses of @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The weekly dose of @entity3 prescribed for the treatment of @entity1 is often suboptimal, even in conditions of inadequate control of the disease activity. The recommendations for the use of @entity3 in @entity1 @entity0 should take into account the efficacy and tolerability data derived from its use in real clinical practice.

title: Suboptimal @entity2 use in @entity1 XXXX in Italy: the MARI study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 2008 Background: Expression of key enzymes in chemotherapy drug pathways correlates with @entity2 response following treatment. No prior research has simultaneously described the patterns of expression in @entity2 for @entity7 , @entity8 and @entity3 pathways. Characterizing relative expression levels of these enzymes is a first step towards definitively predicting @entity1 responsiveness to chemotherapy. METHODS: Twelve genes known to influence @entity1 response to chemotherapy were selected from the pharmacogenetic pathways of @entity7 , @entity8 and @entity4 agents. Genes included intracellular targets, DNA repair enzymes, drug transporters and metabolizers. Gene expression was examined in primary @entity2 and adjacent normal mucosa in 51 @entity0 with stage III or IV disease using TaqMan RT-PCR. Relative expression levels were calculated with b-actin as control using a method to account for differing polymerase amplification efficiencies. RESULTS: @entity15 , @entity14 _ 2, @entity10 , TOP1, and @entity12 were significantly over-expressed in @entity1 cells relative to normal mucosa, while @entity9 , @entity16 and @entity13 were under-expressed (p < 0.05, Wilcoxon matched pairs test). Expression of @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity11 did not differ significantly between @entity1 and normal tissues. Expression of enzymes regulating @entity4 -agent metabolism and DNA repair were co-regulated. Using differential expression relative to normal mucosa as a marker for @entity1 resistance, predicted @entity1 response rates were calculated. 19.6% of @entity1 were predicted responsive to single-agent @entity8 , 7.8% to @entity7 , and 15.7% to @entity3 . Two-thirds were predicted resistant to all three drugs. CONCLUSIONS: Significant differences in gene expression were found between @entity2 and normal mucosa. Distinct sensitivity subgroups existed among the 51 @entity0 with pathologically homogenous disease. These preliminary observations allow further research to correlate multivariate gene expression with clinical outcomes in order to develop a model for predicting response to chemotherapy, eventually resulting in @entity0 -specific treatment. [Table: see text].

title: Modeling the response of XXXX ( @entity2 ) to common chemotherapy using multivariate gene expression.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) caused by @entity4 remains a worldwide burden. @entity8 is a promising new therapeutic avenue for the treatment of @entity0 , however reports show exogenous @entity9 has both vasodilator and vasoconstrictor effects depending on organ examined, and in vitro studies in animal models which are not resistant to developing @entity4 are limited. We sought to determine if @entity1 arteries constricted or dilated to @entity8 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The aorta, carotid, renal and iliac arteries were harvested from New Zealand White @entity1 (n=4) and subjected to a concentration response curve to the fast @entity9 releaser @entity10 . In addition, a bolus dose of @entity10 was used to determine if further dilation was achievable after maximum dilation to @entity6 similar to @entity5 donors. Further, @entity10 was used to determine if @entity9 could impair @entity7 induced @entity2 . RESULTS: Blood vessels relaxed poorly to @entity10 and contracted at higher doses. A bolus dose of @entity10 relaxed then contracted the aorta, however a bolus dose of @entity10 after maximal relaxation to @entity6 caused marked contraction. @entity10 did not prevent @entity7 induced @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity10 at low doses caused minor relaxation of @entity1 blood vessels, indicating a possible therapeutic benefit for low dose @entity9 in the cellular milieu.

title: @entity9 causes contraction and relaxation of major arteries of the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Acute @entity6 with severe subcutaneous @entity1 is extremely rare and has been reported in only a handful of cases. We describe two similar @entity0 presenting with this disorder and generalized @entity5 . Unlike the five previously reported cases, the clinical and histologic features of our two @entity0 are more suggestive of @entity7 than @entity8 . Nevertheless, scrutinizing all seven reported @entity0 , a number of specific characteristics could be defined. All @entity0 were adult males. @entity4 was present in four. In six @entity0 , acute @entity6 was @entity2 was present in one. Two @entity0 died despite intensive therapy, three improved on corticosteroid treatment, and two recovered spontaneously. In all @entity0 , limb involvement with marked subcutaneous @entity1 was present, clinically mimicking @entity3 in both our @entity0 . The presence of severe subcutaneous @entity1 may be a hallmark of a distinctive variant of acute @entity6 . More cases are needed to discern subtypes of this general entity and to establish guidelines for treatment and prognosis.

title: Acute @entity6 with severe subcutaneous XXXX , a new variant? Report of two cases and review of the literature.

answer: @entity1