abstract: @entity3 (NO) functions as a cell-signaling molecule in plants. In particular, a role for NO in the regulation of @entity0 homeostasis and in the plant response to toxic metals has been proposed. Here, we investigated the synthesis and the role of NO in plants exposed to @entity8 ( @entity7 ), a nonessential and toxic metal. We demonstrate that @entity7 induces NO synthesis in roots and leaves of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) seedlings. This production, which is sensitive to NO synthase inhibitors, does not involve @entity5 reductase and @entity10 but requires @entity9 , encoding a major plasma membrane transporter for @entity0 but also @entity7 . By analyzing the incidence of NO scavenging or inhibition of its synthesis during @entity7 treatment, we demonstrated that NO contributes to @entity7 -triggered inhibition of root growth. To understand the mechanisms underlying this process, a microarray analysis was performed in order to identify NO-modulated root genes up- and down-regulated during @entity7 treatment. Forty-three genes were identified encoding proteins related to @entity0 homeostasis, proteolysis, @entity6 assimilation/metabolism, and root growth. These genes include @entity9 . Investigation of the metal and ion contents in @entity7 -treated roots in which NO synthesis was impaired indicates that @entity9 up-regulation by NO was consistently correlated to NO's ability to promote @entity7 accumulation in roots. This analysis also highlights that NO is responsible for @entity7 -induced inhibition of root @entity2 accumulation. Taken together, our results suggest that NO contributes to @entity7 @entity1 by favoring @entity7 versus @entity2 uptake and by initiating a cellular pathway resembling those activated upon @entity0 deprivation.

title: @entity3 contributes to @entity8 @entity1 in @entity4 by promoting XXXX accumulation in roots and by up-regulating genes related to @entity0 uptake.

answer: @entity8


abstract: @entity15 classically displays a variety of rather benign symptoms, such as @entity2 , palpitations, and sweating, although severe cardiac manifestations have been described. We report a case of @entity15 -induced @entity10 leading to shock and @entity12 successfully treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) as a bridge to pharmacological therapy and curative adrenalectomy. A previously healthy 46-year-old @entity0 presented to the emergency department with @entity7 , @entity14 , @entity5 , and @entity6 . Clinical evaluation revealed @entity3 with @entity8 and severe @entity9 . Computed tomography (CT) scan showed @entity16 and a left adrenal mass. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) displayed severe @entity11 with inverted takotsubo contractile pattern. Despite mechanical ventilation and inotropic and vasopressor support, asystolic @entity12 ensued. The @entity0 was resuscitated using manual chest compressions followed by venoarterial ECMO. Repeated TTEs demonstrated resolution of the @entity4 within a few days. Laboratory results indicated @entity1 , and CT scan of the brain displayed @entity13 . Biochemical testing and radionuclide scintigraphy confirmed a @entity15 . Pharmacological adrenergic blockade was instituted prior to delayed adrenalectomy after which the diagnosis was histopathologically verified. The @entity0 recovered after rehabilitation. We conclude that @entity15 should be considered in @entity0 presenting with unexplained cardiovascular compromise, especially if they display (inverted) takotsubo contractile pattern. Timely, adequate management might involve ECMO as a bridge to pharmacological therapy and curative surgery.

title: @entity15 -Induced Inverted Takotsubo-Like XXXX Leading to Cardiogenic Shock Successfully Treated With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) related to the vertebrate @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have been identified in diverse insect species. In the @entity2 , @entity2 , the @entity1 -like @entity0 ( @entity1 / @entity0 ) is localized in the same neurosecretory cells as the Ovary Maturating Parsin (OMP), a neurohormone that stimulates oocyte growth, vitellogenesis and hemolymph ecdysteroid levels in adult female locusts. In this study, we investigated whether @entity1 -like @entity0 can influence feeding and reproduction in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria. We identified two highly similar S. gregaria @entity1 -like @entity0 precursor cDNAs, each of which also encodes an OMP isoform. Alignment with other insect @entity1 -like @entity0 precursors shows relatively high conservation of the @entity1 / @entity0 sequence while the precursor region corresponding to OMP is not well conserved. Quantitative real-time RT-PCR revealed that the precursor transcripts mainly occur in the central nervous system and their highest expression level was observed in the brain. Injection of locust @entity1 / @entity0 caused a significantly reduced food intake, while RNAi knockdown stimulated food intake. Therefore, our data indicate that @entity1 -like @entity0 induces satiety. Furthermore, injection of @entity1 / @entity0 in adult females retarded oocyte growth and caused lower ecdysteroid titers in hemolymph and ovaries, while RNAi knockdown resulted in opposite effects. The observed effects of @entity1 / @entity0 may be part of a wider repertoire of neurohormonal activities, constituting an integrating control system that affects food intake and excretion, as well as anabolic processes like oocyte growth and ecdysteroidogenesis, following a meal. Our discussion about the functional relationship between @entity1 / @entity0 and OMP led to the hypothesis that @entity3 may possibly act as a monitoring peptide that can elicit negative feedback effects.

title: XXXX -like diuretic hormone negatively affects both feeding and reproduction in the desert locust, Schistocerca gregaria.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A 74-year-old @entity0 sustained a @entity3 of the distal radius with an additional @entity3 of the styloid process of the ulna due to a fall. After reduction under local anesthesia immobilization treatment in a forearm cast was initiated. Despite increasing secondary dislocation during radiological x-ray follow-up control, the bone was described as correctly aligned by the treating physician and non-operative treatment was continued. After a total treatment period of 9  months including 7  months of physiotherapy the @entity0 still presented a limited range of motion and local soft tissue swelling of the right wrist. The @entity0 filed a complaint for wrong treatment of the @entity3 resulting in severe @entity2 and considerable @entity1 leading to a significant handicap during activities of daily living. The expert opinion of the arbitration board ascertained a case of medical malpractice in terms of the indications. Due to the initial presence of criteria of radiological instability, an operative treatment had already been indicated at the first presentation. In addition, secondary dislocation during radiological follow-up examination should have led to conversion of treatment in favor of surgery. The arbitration board furthermore concluded that iatrogenic malpractice led to a severe @entity1 which would result in a loss of grip strength and future arthritic deformation of the wrist. Legal aspects of the case are discussed.

title: [Conservative treatment of XXXX : Consequences of an uncritical follow-up.]

answer: @entity3


abstract: Forty-five @entity0 with soft tissue @entity2 received additional wide resections after they were treated with simple excision by a primary physician. Of the @entity0 in the current study, 26 were male and 19 were female; all were treated between 1986 and 1998 for @entity3 . The mean followup was 7.1 +/- 3.4 years. The mean time from first excision to additional wide resection was 8 weeks, and for 90% of the @entity0 it was within 12 weeks. In deciding the surgical margin for an additional operation, enhanced computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance images were done. Four (8.8%) @entity0 had local recurrences that required a second resection and had no evidence of disease at latest followup. Four (8.8%) @entity0 had distant metastases but did not have local recurrences. Three @entity0 died of lung metastases. The overall 5-year survival rate of the @entity0 was 93%, and the overall 5-year disease-free rate was 84%. It seems that @entity1 treated adequately by wide resection in an additional operation have results as @entity1 treated with a primary wide resection.

title: Additional wide resection of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To determine the frequency of @entity1 and associated outcomes in @entity0 receiving radiotherapy ( @entity4 ) for @entity2 through a systematic review of recently published literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS: According to the study protocol, databases were searched for randomized clinical trials (English only, 1996-1999) of @entity0 with @entity2 receiving @entity4 with or without chemotherapy that reported one or more outcomes of interest. RESULTS: Thirty-three studies (n=6181 @entity0 ) met inclusion criteria. @entity1 was defined using a variety of scoring systems. The mean incidence was 80%. Over one-half of @entity0 (56%) who received altered fractionation @entity4 ( @entity4 ) experienced severe @entity1 (grades 3-4) compared to 34% of @entity0 who received conventional @entity4 . Rates of hospitalization due to @entity1 , reported in three studies (n=700), were 16% overall and 32% for @entity4 @entity0 . Eleven percent of @entity0 had @entity4 regimens interrupted or modified because of @entity1 in five studies (n=1267) reporting this outcome. Data insufficiency or heterogeneity prohibited analysis of @entity1 severity and other associated outcomes, such as @entity5 , @entity6 and opioid use. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 is a frequent, severe @entity3 in @entity0 treated with @entity4 for @entity2 . While it appears that @entity1 may lead to hospitalization and treatment interruptions, its overall impact on outcomes has not been adequately investigated.

title: @entity1 incidence, severity and associated outcomes in @entity0 with XXXX receiving radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy: a systematic literature review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The 5-tier Emergency Severity Index (ESI) score is a well-accepted, validated triage tool with good interrater reliability. Parental perception of illness severity has not been compared to ESI score. OBJECTIVE: This study compares parental assessment of severity of illness to triage nurse acuity. DESIGN: Prospective and descriptive. SETTING: Large, urban pediatric @entity1 ( @entity1 ). @entity0 : Parents/guardians of @entity0 younger than 18 years. INTERVENTION: The triage nurse assigned an ESI score, and the parent/ guardian assigned all @entity0 a severity score on a scale of 1 to 5 (1, most sick and 5, least sick). Mean severity scores were compared between the groups. RESULTS: There were 142 @entity0 with a mean @entity0 age of 6.15 years. The mean @entity0 and nurse severity scores were 3.01 and 3.35, respectively, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.203 (P = 0.008). Most frequently, the parent/guardian and triage nurse assigned the same score (n = 44, 31%). Seventy-six percent of the parent/ guardian scores were within 1 point of the triage nurse score. CONCLUSIONS: Close agreement exists between parent/guardian and nurse ESI scores, illustrating objectivity in parent/guardian assessments. This study provides a springboard for future studies regarding @entity1 use after educating families on @entity1 triage.

title: A comparison of parental and nursing assessments of level of illness or injury in a pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to present the role of embolization in the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity4 ) in cases of @entity5 and to prevent @entity5 . METHODS: Over a period of 10 years, 35 AMLs in 34 @entity0 , recruited in two medical centers, were treated with embolization: 16/35 @entity4 were treated urgently to stop @entity5 , and 19/35 @entity4 had preventive embolization. Six @entity0 were completely asymptomatic and 13 had a history of previous @entity7 or @entity6 . Catheterization was highly selective in all cases (coaxial microcatheter in 19 cases), and for embolization we used nonresorbable microparticles, coils, and @entity3 . RESULTS: When @entity0 presented with @entity5 , embolization was efficient in 80% of cases; another embolization was necessary in two cases, and surgery in two others. In six of these cases, surgery was planned and done at a later date. When treatment was preventive, one embolization was necessary in 17 cases, and two embolizations per case were necessary in the other two. Over a period of 18 months of follow-up, we observed a 28% decrease in @entity1 volume; four @entity0 were treated by surgery at a later date. CONCLUSION: Embolization is the technique of choice to treat a @entity5 @entity4 urgently. When preventive treatment is considered, in symptomatic or asymptomatic @entity4 , embolization can be an alternative for surgery, but more data is needed to specify its proper place in the management of these @entity1 .

title: [Role of embolization in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: Background. @entity2 are not diseases requiring compulsory notifications; rather they cause cosmetic defacements. Indian subcontinent with a varied topography is favorable for various @entity0 . Objective. To look for the epidemiological and mycological profile of superficial @entity0 . Methods. Three hundred and fifty-one clinical samples of skin, hair, and nail were examined to find the fungal etiology of the dermatomycoses. Results. @entity2 were seen in 215/351 (61.2%) of cases. Most common isolates obtained were nondermatophyte molds (NDMs) (36.1%), followed by dermatophytes (13.8%) and @entity1 (8.6%). @entity3 (9%) was the most common mold. @entity4 (4.6%) was the most common dermatophyte isolated, while amongst the @entity1 Non-albicans Candida (NAC) species were more common (6%). Many other NDMs like Syncephalastrum spp., Cunninghamella spp., Rhodotorula spp., A. terreus, Scytalidium spp. and Scopulariopsis spp. were also isolated. Conclusion. Our study reflects an increasing role of NDMs (thought to be normal laboratory or environmental contaminants) as a causative agent of dermatomycoses, replacing the dermatophytes. Clinician's awareness of the demographic profile of the population involved along with more studies on dermatomycoses can help in understanding the etiological profile in area, leading to prevention of disease occurrence and cosmetic disfigurement.

title: Mycological Pattern of XXXX in a Tertiary Care Hospital.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Performing root cause analyses (RCA) on transfers of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 to acute hospitals can help identify opportunities for care process improvements and education that may help prevent unnecessary emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, and hospital readmissions. OBJECTIVES: To describe the results of structured, retrospective RCAs performed by @entity1 staff on hospital transfers to identify lessons learned for reducing these transfers. DESIGN: SNFs enrolled in a randomized, controlled implementation trial of the INTERACT (Interventions to Reduce Acute Care Transfers) quality improvement program submitted RCAs on hospital transfers during a 12-month implementation period. SETTING: SNFs from across the United States that volunteered and met the enrollment criteria for the implementation trial. @entity0 : Sixty-four of 88 SNFs randomized to the intervention group performed and submitted retrospective RCAs on hospital transfers. INTERVENTIONS: SNFs received education and technical assistance in INTERACT implementation. MEASURES: Data were summarized from the INTERACT Quality Improvement (QI) tool, a structured, retrospective RCA on hospital transfers. RESULTS: A total of 4856 QI tools were submitted during the 12-month implementation period. Most transfers were precipitated by multiple symptoms and signs, many of them nonspecific. @entity0 and/or family preference or insistence was noted to have played a role in 16% of the transfers. Hospital transfers were relatively equally distributed among days of the week, and 29% occurred on the night or evening shift. Approximately 1 in 5 transfers occurred within 6  days of @entity1 admission from a hospital, and 1 in 10 occurred within 2  days of @entity1 admission. After completing the RCA, @entity1 staff identified 1044 (23%) of the transfers as potentially preventable. Common reasons for these ratings included recognition that the condition could have been detected earlier and/or could have been managed safely in the @entity1 , and that earlier advance care planning and discussions with @entity0 and families about preferences for care may have prevented some transfers. CONCLUSION: Summarizing findings from RCAs of transfers of @entity1 @entity0 to acute hospitals can provide important insights into areas of focus for care process improvements and related education that may help prevent unnecessary ED visits, hospital admissions, and readmissions.

title: Root Cause Analyses of Transfers of Skilled Nursing Facility XXXX to Acute Hospitals: Lessons Learned for Reducing Unnecessary Hospitalizations.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics of dissections of cerebral arteries in @entity0 . METHODS: Searches of MEDLINE (1966-2000) and bibliographies were systematically performed for English-language publications that described @entity0 <18 years old with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) or posterior circulation @entity5 (PCAD). RESULTS: A total of 2,027 studies were reviewed; 118 @entity0 were identified in 79 studies. Seventy-four percent of @entity0 with @entity6 (n = 73) and 87% with PCAD (n = 47) were male (p < 0.0001). When @entity0 with preceding @entity3 were excluded, this male predominance persisted. All @entity0 had evidence of @entity4 at the time of diagnosis. @entity1 was reported in approximately half of @entity0 . Sixty percent of @entity6 were intracranial. @entity6 with no preceding @entity3 were more commonly intracranial than those preceded by significant @entity3 (86 vs 25%, p = 0.002). The most common location for PCAD was the vertebral artery at the level of the C1-C2 vertebral bodies (53%). Recurrent @entity2 events after the diagnosis of dissection were reported in 15% of PCAD and 5% of @entity6 cases. None of the PCAD group and 10% of the @entity6 group had recurrent dissections. CONCLUSIONS: There is a marked male predominance among @entity0 with cerebral @entity5 that is not explained by @entity3 . Unlike adult @entity6 , childhood @entity6 are most commonly intracranial. Spontaneous @entity6 , in particular, tend to be intracranial, while post-traumatic @entity6 are more often extracranial. The vertebral artery segment most susceptible to dissection is similar between @entity0 and adults.

title: XXXX and stroke in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: Intracranial germ cell @entity1 are rare, radiosensitive @entity1 seen most commonly in the second and third decades of life. Radiotherapy alone has been the primary treatment modality for @entity6 , and is used with chemotherapy for @entity1 . Stereotactic radiotherapy techniques minimize the volume of surrounding normal tissue irradiated and, hence, the late radiation morbidity. This study reports our experience with stereotactic radiotherapy in this group of @entity1 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between December 1992 and December 1998, 18 @entity0 with @entity5 were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy. A total of 23 histologically proven @entity1 were treated. Thirteen @entity0 had a histologic diagnosis of @entity6 , and 5 @entity0 had @entity6 with nongerminomatous elements. Of those @entity0 with a histologic diagnosis of @entity6 , 5 had multiple midline @entity1 . The median age of the @entity0 was 12.9 years (range, 5.6-17.5 years). RESULTS: A boost using stereotactic radiotherapy was delivered to 19 @entity1 following whole-brain radiation in 8 cases and craniospinal radiation in 11 cases. Three @entity1 were treated with stereotactic radiotherapy to the @entity1 volume alone following chemotherapy, and 1 @entity1 received a boost using stereotactic radiosurgery following craniospinal radiation. A median dose of 2520 cGy (range, 1500-3600) cGy was given to the whole brain, and a median dose of 2160 (range, 2100-2600) cGy was given to the spinal field. The median boost dose to the @entity1 was 2600 (range, 2160-3600) cGy, given by stereotactic radiotherapy delivered to the 95% isodose line. At a median follow-up time of 40 (range, 12-73) months, no local or marginal recurrences were reported in @entity0 with @entity6 . Two @entity0 with @entity1 have relapsed. One had elevation of @entity1 markers only at 37 months following treatment, and the other had persistent disease following chemotherapy and radiation therapy. Eight @entity0 documented @entity3 ; in 7 (87.5%) of these @entity0 , the dysfunction was present before commencing radiotherapy. Four @entity0 (22%) developed newly diagnosed @entity4 following surgery. Three @entity0 (17%) received antidepressant medication at follow-up. CONCLUSION: Our series shows that stereotactic radiotherapy is achievable and well tolerated in this group of @entity0 . Longer follow-up is required to fully assess the impact on long-term @entity2 . Psychologic assessment of mood and affect should be performed as part of routine follow-up in this group of adolescent @entity0 .

title: Stereotactic radiotherapy for pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Immunization with @entity5 vaccine remains an important global health strategy to prevent outbreaks and epidemics of seasonal @entity5 . Influenza vaccine has rarely been associated with @entity8 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity9 ( @entity9 ). @entity1 following @entity5 vaccination have also been rarely reported. We report a @entity0 who developed acute-onset massive @entity4 with @entity9 and severe @entity6 soon after receiving the 2009 H1N1 @entity5 vaccine. Kidney biopsy showed @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Optimal management of @entity1 or @entity10 following @entity5 vaccination is not known. Our @entity0 responded well to an initial course of oral @entity2 therapy with normalization of serum @entity7 level but had a relapse of @entity9 with @entity6 soon after completion of @entity2 therapy. A repeat kidney biopsy revealed @entity1 and resolved @entity10 . A subsequent prolonged course of oral @entity3 resulted in complete clinical remission of the @entity9 as well as normalization of renal function. Long-term response to @entity2 therapy in such cases is not known. However, our @entity0 continued to remain in clinical remission with normal renal function, five years after the initial treatment.

title: XXXX and severe @entity6 following @entity5 vaccination.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with hyperplastic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) may be at risk for @entity3 due to obstructions of the @entity1 . We describe the long-term visual and anatomic outcomes of a surgical technique for their removal. METHODS: The medical records of consecutive @entity0 <3 years of age who underwent surgical removal of PPMs between December 1998 and May 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Each @entity4 was judged to be visually significant based on poor visual acuity, poor retinoscopic reflex, or inability to visualize the fundus. The surgical technique included injection of a viscoelastic agent beneath the pupillary strands to bow them anteriorly, careful peeling of residual adherent strands from the anterior lens capsule, and lysis of the strands at the pupillary margin with intraocular scissors. Pre- and postoperative visual and anatomic results were recorded. RESULTS: This case series included 10 eyes of 6 @entity0 : PPMs were bilateral in 4 @entity0 and unilateral in 2. The @entity0 age at time of surgery ranged from 2.5 months to 2.5 years (mean, 14 months). Mean postoperative follow-up was 5.3 years (range, 2.5-8 years). All @entity0 had successful clearance of the @entity1 . No @entity2 occurred. CONCLUSIONS: All @entity0 in this series had excellent visual and structural outcomes, with no significant complications. The technique described here may be considered for @entity0 with visually significant PPMs to improve visual function and pupil appearance.

title: Clinical characteristics and surgical approach to visually significant XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 is a complex, limb-threatening disease process with major lifestyle-altering repercussions for @entity0 . When @entity4 leads to @entity2 , @entity5 , and potential @entity3 despite conservative therapies, foot and ankle surgeons often consider reconstructive limb salvage procedures to restore function. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic outcomes of @entity1 Charcot reconstruction using combined internal and external fixation. A total of 22 @entity0 were reviewed; 16 (72.73%) midfoot and 6 (27.27%) tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis procedures were consecutively performed from March 2009 to May 2013. All surgical procedures were performed in nonacute phases of the Charcot process in @entity0 with diagnosed @entity1 and @entity6 . @entity0 were excluded from the study if they were not @entity1 despite having undergone Charcot reconstruction, regardless of the fixation method, or if they did not complete radiographic imaging. During a mean follow-up period of 58.60      42.37 (range 16 to 164) weeks, limb salvage was achieved in 20 @entity0 (90.91%), and 2 (9.09%) required below-the-knee amputation at a mean of 42      14.14  weeks. Wound dehiscence occurred in 8 (36.36%), pin tract @entity3 in 10 (45.45%), and superficial wound @entity3 in 9 (40.91%) and peaked in bimodal fashion at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively. Radiographic analysis of the pre- versus postoperative alignment showed statistically significant changes in the lateral talo-first metatarsal angle (p  =  .02) and lateral talar declination angle (p  =  .01). The limb salvage rates with @entity1 Charcot reconstruction are improving in part because of the continued development of increasingly superior modalities for both internal and external fixation.

title: Combined Internal and External Fixation for XXXX Charcot Reconstruction: A Retrospective Case Series.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity4 ) is processed by upstream caspases to @entity7 and @entity8 subunits, which heterodimerize. Concomitant with formation of the active heterotetramer, @entity8 is autoprocessed to @entity11 . Treatment of HL-60 cells with @entity12 , a selective inhibitor of the proteasome, exponentially increased @entity3 -like hydrolytic activity and induced apoptosis but had little or no effect on the activity of upstream @entity5 , @entity6 , or @entity10 . @entity12 treatment decreased the @entity4 zymogen and evoked the accumulation of the @entity11 and @entity7 subunits. Treatment of transfected @entity0 retinoblast 911 cells with a proteasome inhibitor evoked the accumulation of epitope-tagged @entity7 , @entity11 , and @entity8 but had no effect on @entity4 zymogen. This result suggests that @entity3 subunits, in contrast to the zymogen, are unstable because of degradation by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Ubiquitin conjugates of @entity7 and @entity11 accumulated in cells that were cotransfected with @entity7 and a caspase inactive mutant of @entity11 . Substitution of @entity1 for all eight lysines of @entity7 almost abolished its ubiquitination. Any single @entity2 or @entity2 pair was sufficient for @entity7 ubiquitination. @entity12 treatment of HL-60 cells induced proteolytic processing of the @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and decreased full-length @entity9 , which is known to have ubiquitin-protein ligase activity for active @entity3 . These findings indicate that @entity3 subunits can be degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system and suggest that @entity12 induces apoptosis in part by disabling the ubiquitin-protein ligase function of @entity9 and by stabilizing active @entity3 subunits.

title: Preservation of XXXX subunits from degradation contributes to apoptosis evoked by @entity12 : any single @entity2 or @entity2 pair of the small subunit is sufficient for ubiquitination.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Clinical phase III trials have shown the benefit of adding @entity2 to radiotherapy and chemotherapy for @entity1 ( @entity3 ). The HYPERcollar, a functional prototype capable of applying @entity2 to the entire @entity3 region was developed. Specific absorption rate-based @entity2 treatment planning (HTP) is used to optimise HYPERcollar treatments. Hence, besides treatment quality, reproduction and reproducibility of the HTP are also pivotal. In the current work we analysed the impact of key parameters on treatment quality and completely redesigned the mechanical layout of the HYPERcollar for improved treatment quality and @entity0 comfort. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The requirements regarding @entity0 position and the water bolus shape were quantified by simulation studies. The complete mechanical redesign was based on these requirements and non-modellable improvements were experimentally validated. RESULTS: From simulation studies we imposed the required positioning accuracy to be within   5   mm. Simulation studies also showed that the water bolus shape has an important impact on treatment quality. Solutions to meet the requirements were 1) a redesign of the applicator, 2) a redesign of the water bolus, and 3) a renewed positioning strategy. Experiments were used to demonstrate whether the solutions meet the requirements. CONCLUSIONS: The HYPERcollar redesign improves water bolus shape, stability and skin contact. The renewed positioning strategy allows for positioning of the @entity0 within the required precision of   5   mm. By clinically introducing the new design, we aim at improving not only treatment quality and reproducibility, but also @entity0 comfort and @entity4 , which are all important for a better @entity2 treatment quality.

title: Quality and comfort in XXXX : A redesign according to clinical experience and simulation studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The differences in gait abnormalities from the earliest to the later stages of @entity3 and in the different subtypes of @entity3 have not been fully examined. This study aims to compare spatiotemporal gait parameters in cognitively healthy individuals, @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and non- @entity1 , and @entity0 with mild and moderate stages of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and non- @entity2 (non- @entity2 ). METHODS: Based on a cross-sectional design, 1719 @entity0 (77.4    7.3 years, 53.9% female) were recruited from cohorts from seven countries participating in the Gait, Cognition and Decline (GOOD) initiative. Mean values and coefficients of variation of spatiotemporal gait parameters were measured during normal pace walking with the GAITRite system at all sites. RESULTS: Performance of spatiotemporal gait parameters declined in parallel with the stage of @entity1 from @entity1 status to moderate @entity3 . Gait parameters of @entity0 with non- @entity1 were more disturbed compared to @entity0 with @entity1 , and @entity1 subgroups performed better than demented @entity0 . @entity0 with non- @entity2 had worse gait performance than those with @entity2 . This degradation of gait parameters was similar between mean values and coefficients of variation of spatiotemporal gait parameters in the earliest stages of @entity1 , but different in the most advanced stages, especially in the non- @entity2 subtypes. CONCLUSIONS: Spatiotemporal gait parameters were more disturbed in the advanced stages of @entity3 , and more affected in the non- @entity2 @entity3 than in @entity2 . These findings suggest that quantitative gait parameters could be used as a surrogate marker for improving the diagnosis of @entity3 .

title: Gait phenotype from @entity1 to moderate XXXX : results from the GOOD initiative.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of the Antihypertensive Treatment and Lipid Profile in a North of Sweden Efficacy Evaluation study was to compare the long-term effect of the commonly used inexpensive medication with a low-dose diuretic ( @entity8 ), alone or in combination with a beta-adrenoceptor ( @entity10 ), with that of more modern but also more expensive antihypertensive treatment with an angiotensin-II-receptor blocker ( @entity9 ), alone or in combination with a @entity6 antagonist ( @entity11 ), and to do so in newly diagnosed @entity0 with primary @entity2 . The objectives included comparisons of the effects on the @entity5 metabolism, lipoprotein metabolism, electrolytes, blood pressure, and subjective symptoms. DESIGN: A 1-year, prospective randomized, double-blind, controlled trial. SUBJECTS: In an investigator-initiated study, we included 392 @entity0 (mean age 55 years, 48% @entity0 ); 370 @entity0 (94%) had never been treated with antihypertensive drugs before the study. No @entity0 was lost to follow-up. RESULTS: Both treatment regimens lowered blood pressure well (23/13 mmHg in the @entity8 group and 21/13 mmHg in the @entity9 group), with a majority of @entity0 needing two drugs. Fasting levels of both serum insulin and plasma @entity5 increased in the @entity8 group in contrast to unaffected levels in the @entity9 group. @entity1 was diagnosed in nine @entity0 during follow-up, in eight @entity0 in the @entity8 group (4.1%) and in one @entity0 (0.5%) in the @entity9 group (P = 0.030). Triglycerides increased and high-density lipoprotein- @entity3 decreased more in the @entity8 group than in the @entity9 group. Both the low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein and the apolipoprotein B/apolipoprotein A-I ratios increased in the @entity8 group. At 12 months, 18 @entity0 in the @entity8 group versus five in the @entity9 group had a ' @entity4 ', as defined by the World Health Organization (P = 0.007) despite 1 year of active blood pressure-lowering therapy. There were less (P = 0.020) adverse events in the @entity9 group, but no major differences in the subjective symptoms assessment profile. One subject in each group had a @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Antihypertensive treatment with a diuretic, if needed combined with a beta-adrenoceptor blocker, was associated with an aggravated metabolic profile; this was not so for @entity0 treated with an angiotensin-II-receptor blocker, if needed combined with a @entity6 antagonist. An antihypertensive treatment strategy that costs more in the short run but has no metabolic adverse effects may have a health economic impact in the long term.

title: Metabolic outcome during 1 year in newly detected XXXX : results of the Antihypertensive Treatment and Lipid Profile in a North of Sweden Efficacy Evaluation (ALPINE study).

answer: @entity2


abstract: The short-term (three months) effects of @entity8 on @entity2 @entity1 induced @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions in comparison with those of @entity7 and @entity4 -slow release (SR) formulation were studied. The short-term effects of @entity8 on biochemical parameters and lipid profiles were evaluated. Sixty @entity0 (39 @entity0 , 21 @entity0 ) with a mean age of 59 +/- 14 years and with mild to moderate @entity2 arterial @entity1 were enrolled in three groups. The first group received 1 mg/day of @entity8 , the second group 4 mg/day of @entity7 , and the third group 20 mg/day of @entity4 SR. All drugs induced a similar @entity3 (BP) values. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity5 index decreased equally in all groups associated with a significant increase in the E/A ratio. The ratio between the reduction in @entity5 and decrease in mean arterial pressure ( @entity5 /mmHg) was higher in groups 1 and 2. Negative correlations between @entity5 and LVMI. E/A, and the dv/dt ratio were obtained. @entity8 did not change the blood chemistry and lipid profile values. Despite its neutral effect on lipid profile and biochemical parameters. @entity8 is as effective as @entity7 and @entity4 in controlling @entity1 and decreasing @entity6 .

title: Short-term effects of @entity8 on XXXX and systolic and diastolic function in @entity0 with essential @entity1 : comparison with an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and a calcium antagonist.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The clinical course of 19 @entity0 with @entity5 , as diagnosed by computed tomography (CT) and clinical criteria, was assessed retrospectively and compared to that of eight @entity0 with @entity5 diagnosed either at surgery or with percutaneous @entity6 . Controls consisted of 55 @entity0 with uncomplicated @entity4 without CT scans and 11 @entity0 with @entity4 in whom CT scans were negative or only consistent with @entity4 (no @entity7 ). The age, sex, and presumed etiology of the @entity5 were not significantly different in the four groups. @entity0 with @entity7 had a higher incidence of severe @entity5 as defined by Ranson's criteria, presence of an abdominal mass, as well as a longer duration of @entity1 , @entity2 and @entity3 than controls without CT scans. With the exception of a palpable abdominal mass and @entity1 lasting over five days, the results were similar when comparing the @entity7 group and controls with CT scans, although the severity of the disease and prolonged @entity2 tended to be increased in the former @entity0 . There was no statistically significant difference in clinical or laboratory criteria between the @entity7 and abscess groups, although the latter group had longer hospital stays and periods with no oral intake (npo). Management of @entity0 with @entity7 tended to include TPN, longer npo periods, antibiotics, and longer hospital stay than in controls without CT scans. Controls with CT scans were managed similarly to the @entity7 group because of prolonged amylase elevation and @entity2 . Percutaneous @entity6 was successful in differentiating abscess from @entity7 in five of six cases. Major complications were rare in the @entity7 group and spontaneous resolution was the rule. @entity5 is a distinct clinical/radiologic entity which may be very difficult to differentiate clinically from @entity5 . Early percutaneous thin-needle @entity6 of the inflammatory mass (under CT guidance) seems to be the diagnostic procedure of choice. Management is nonsurgical unless complications arise. The role of TPN and antibiotics is unknown, and controlled studies of these therapeutic approaches in @entity5 are needed.

title: XXXX . Clinical features and course.

answer: @entity5


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Opioid @entity3 can be explored with quantitative sensory testing, but most investigations have used models of @entity1 , and such brief stimuli may be limited in the ability to faithfully simulate natural and clinical @entity1 experiences. Therefore, identification of appropriate experimental @entity1 models is critical for our understanding of opioid effects with the potential to improve treatment. OBJECTIVES: The aim was to explore and compare @entity1 models to @entity2 @entity3 in healthy volunteers. METHODS: The study was a double-blind, randomized, two-way crossover study. Thirty-nine healthy @entity0 were included and received @entity2 30 mg (2 mg/mL) as oral solution or placebo. To cover both tonic and phasic stimulations, a comprehensive multi-modal, multi-tissue @entity1 -testing program was performed. RESULTS: Tonic experimental @entity1 models were sensitive to @entity2 @entity3 compared to placebo: muscle pressure (F=4.87, P=0.03), bone pressure (F=3.98, P=0.05), rectal pressure (F=4.25, P=0.04), and the cold pressor test (F=25.3, P<0.001). Compared to placebo, @entity2 increased tolerance to muscle stimulation by 14.07%; bone stimulation by 9.72%; rectal mechanical stimulation by 20.40%, and @entity1 reported during the cold pressor test by 9.14%. In contrast, the more phasic experimental @entity1 models were not sensitive to @entity2 @entity3 : skin heat, rectal electrical stimulation, or rectal heat stimulation (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 models with deep tonic stimulation including @entity4 activation and and/or @entity1 modulation were more sensitive to @entity2 @entity3 . To avoid false negative results in future studies, we recommend inclusion of reproducible @entity1 models in deep tissues, mimicking clinical @entity1 to a higher degree.

title: Sensitivity of quantitative sensory models to @entity2 @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Mechanical unloading leads to @entity1 and @entity2 partly due to impaired osteoblastogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of this phenomenon are not fully understood. In this study, we demonstrated that cyclic mechanical stretch (CMS) promotes osteoblastogenesis of BMSCs both in vivo and in vitro. Besides, we found that Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway was activated in this process. Inhibition of which by either knockdown of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or treating BMSCs with Hh inhibitors attenuated the osteogenic effect of CMS on BMSCs, suggesting that Hh signaling pathway acts as an endogenous mediator of mechanical stimuli on BMSCs. Furthermore, we demonstrated that @entity3 expression level was regulated by DNA methylation mechanism. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assay showed that @entity4 ( @entity4 ) binds to @entity3 gene promoter, leading to DNA hypermethylation in mechanical unloading BMSCs. However, mechanical stimulation down-regulates the protein level of @entity4 , results in DNA demethylation and @entity3 expression. More importantly, we found that inhibition of @entity4 partly rescued @entity1 in HU @entity0 by mechanical unloading. Our results demonstrate, for the first time, that mechanical stimulation regulates osteoblastic genes expression via direct regulation of @entity4 , and the therapeutic inhibition of @entity4 may be an efficient strategy for enhancing bone formation under mechanical unloading.

title: Mechanical stimulation promote the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells through epigenetic regulation of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relative effect of @entity7 versus non- @entity8 oral anticoagulants (NOACs) in @entity4 and @entity3 outcomes in subgroups of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) @entity0 with varying degrees of @entity1 . METHODS: Systemic review and meta-regression analyses on NOACs versus @entity7 , supplemented with indirect comparisons were conducted. The eligibility criteria for inclusion were randomised controlled trials comparing NOACs against @entity7 for @entity2 prevention in @entity6 @entity0 . Outcomes of interest were @entity2 or @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and major @entity3 . RESULTS: Five studies comprising 72,845 @entity6 @entity0 randomised to either a NOAC or @entity7 were included in the meta-regression analysis. A shift in strata from no @entity1 to @entity1 resulted in a non-significant impact on @entity3 and @entity2 / @entity5 , indicating similar safety and efficacy, despite renal function status. Apixaban was associated with less major @entity3 compared to @entity10 and @entity9 but not @entity12 in @entity0 with moderate @entity1 . For efficacy outcomes, only @entity10 150  mg was statistically significantly favoured compared to @entity12 30  mg. For efficacy outcomes in mild @entity1 , both @entity10 150  mg and @entity9 10  mg (J-ROCKET) were statistically significantly favoured against @entity12 30  mg. CONCLUSION: Non- @entity8 oral anticoagulants had similar efficacy and safety compared to @entity7 across different levels of renal function. Indirect comparisons suggest that @entity11 and @entity12 were associated with a better safety profile in @entity0 with moderate @entity1 . However, caution is warranted when interpreting indirect comparisons of drugs investigated in different trials. Prescribers should fit the most appropriate NOAC to the @entity6 @entity0 characteristics (and vice versa) to individualise effective @entity2 prevention.

title: Renal function and non- @entity8 oral anticoagulants in comparison with @entity7 on safety and efficacy outcomes in XXXX @entity0 : a systemic review and meta-regression analysis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: This study investigated the mechanism of direct and indirect actions of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) on osteoclast differentiation using two @entity0 cell culture systems. In the coculture system of osteoblasts and bone marrow cells, @entity6 stimulated osteoclast formation. This effect was decreased markedly by @entity8 ( @entity8 ) or @entity4 , a selective cyclo-oxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor. @entity6 (> or = 10(-9) M) stimulated receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand/osteoclast differentiation factor ( @entity3 / @entity3 ) messenger RNA (mRNA) expression from 2 h to 7 days in cultured osteoblasts. @entity4 did not affect the early induction but decreased the later one, indicating that the later effect is mediated by COX-2 induction in osteoblasts. To study the direct action of @entity6 on osteoclast precursors, we used @entity0 macrophage-like cell line C7 cells that can differentiate into osteoclasts in the presence of soluble @entity3 / @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Although osteoblasts expressed all FGF receptors ( @entity7 to -4), only @entity7 was detected in C7 cells at various differentiation stages. @entity6 alone or in combination with sRANKL/ @entity3 did not induce osteoclastogenesis from C7 cells; however, @entity6 from lower concentrations (> or = 10(-11) M) significantly decreased osteoclast formation induced by @entity5 in the presence of sRANKL/ @entity3 . @entity6 did not alter mRNA levels of @entity5 receptor (Fms) or RANK in C7 cells. Immunoprecipitation/ immunoblotting analyses revealed that @entity1 phosphorylation of several cellular proteins including Fms in C7 cells induced by @entity5 was inhibited by @entity6 in the presence of @entity3 . We conclude that @entity6 regulates osteoclast differentiation through two different mechanisms: (1) an indirect stimulatory action via osteoblasts to induce @entity3 / @entity3 partly through COX-2 induction and @entity2 production and (2) a direct inhibitory action on osteoclast precursors by counteracting @entity5 signaling.

title: Regulation of osteoclast differentiation by @entity6 : stimulation of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand/osteoclast differentiation factor expression in osteoblasts and inhibition of XXXX function in osteoclast precursors.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity4 in situ of the breast (DCIS) is surrounded by a layer of myoepithelial cells. Our previous studies have suggested that these myoepithelial cells exert paracrine @entity2 -suppressive effects on invasion of @entity0 cells. @entity5 ( @entity5 ), concentrated 10-100x of @entity10 -1, @entity10 -3, and @entity10 -4, @entity1 myoepithelial cell lines, block Matrigel invasion of a series of @entity3 cell lines. Immunoprecipitation of @entity9 , a recently described serpin, from these @entity5 abolishes this anti-invasive effect. Both @entity5 and @entity9 -immunoprecipitated @entity5 , however, exert equal antiproliferative effects on a series of ER+ and ER- cell lines including MCF-7, T47D, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468. These antiproliferative effects are characterized by induction of a G2/M arrest, a twofold increase in @entity7 ( @entity7 / @entity7 ) transcription and expression, and a threefold increase in apoptosis in the @entity0 lines examined. The antiproliferative effects mediated by myoepithelial cell @entity5 do not manifest themselves in an autocrine manner, are not mediated by @entity8 , nor involve ER- or @entity6 -dependent pathways. Neither the antiproliferative nor the anti-invasive effects of myoepithelial cell @entity5 is observed with nonmyoepithelial cell @entity5 . The in vitro observations of our present study may have relevance in explaining the increased degree of apoptosis exhibited by DCIS cells in vivo. Our findings illustrate another way myoepithelial cells function as natural paracrine @entity2 suppressors.

title: The @entity1 myoepithelial cell exerts antiproliferative effects on XXXX cells characterized by p21WAF1/ @entity7 induction, G2/M arrest, and apoptosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate morphological parameters of optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) examined with confocal laser tomography ( @entity3 ) and laser polarimetry (GDx-VCC) in a normal population, and analyze correlations of these parameters with demographic variables. @entity0 AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study in the context of a @entity1 screening campaign in the primary care center of Barcelona. The individuals selected were non-hypertensive Mediterranean Caucasians with risk for @entity1 development (individuals>= 60 years old or>= 40 years old with family history of @entity1 or intraocular pressure or @entity2 >3diopter). All subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, confocal laser tomography ( @entity3 ) and scanning laser polarimetry (GDX-VCC), subjects with results within normal limits only being included. Structural parameters were analyzed along with age, refraction, and pachymetry based on the Spearman rank correlation test. RESULTS: A total of 224 subjects included, with a mean age of 63.4  11.1 years. Disc areas, excavation and ring area were 2.14  0.52mm(2), 0.44  0.34mm (2) and 1.69  0.38mm(2), respectively. The mean RNFL (GDX) was 55.9  6.9 m. Age was correlated with lower ring volume, highest rate of cup shape measure, largest mean and maximum cup depth, lower nerve fiber index (NFI) and RNFL (all p-values below .05). CONCLUSION: The mean values and distribution of several parameters of the papilla and the RNFL in normal Mediterranean Caucasians population are presented. A loss of thickness of the RNFL, ring thinning, and enlarged cup was observed with increased age.

title: Morphological characteristics of the optic nerve evaluated by confocal laser tomography ( XXXX ) and laser polarimetry (GDx-VCC) in a normal population from the city of Barcelona.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) have a lower health related quality of life (HRQOL) compared to both healthy controls and the normal population. The aim of this study was to compare HRQOL between two groups of veteran and non-veteran @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: All male paraplegic non-veterans who had sustained complete @entity2 before 1988 and were residents of Tehran province (Iran), and a similar group of @entity2 veterans who consecutively participated in a health screening program were enrolled in this study. @entity0 fewer than 35 and older than 65 years of age were not included in this study. The @entity0 were interviewed based on the Persian version of SF-36 questionnaire by two psychologists. Eight sub-scales and two physical and mental component summaries of the instrument were assessed. We used chi-square, odds ratio, Mann-Whitney U, independent t-test and linear regression for analysis. RESULTS: Overall, 25 veterans and 22 non-veterans were enrolled in the study. The mean age, time since injury and the presence of comorbid illnesses were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05). A greater number of veterans were married (p= 0.003) and employed (p= 0.047). On average, veterans had more years of formal education than non-veterans (p= 0.001). The mean (SD) @entity1 sub-scale was 72.73(31.253) for non-veterans and 49.7 (28.287) for veterans (p=0.011). Absence of comorbid illnesses was associated with a better physical component summary (p< 0.001). Employment was associated with a better mental component summary (p= 0.022). CONCLUSION: We did not find any differences in HRQOL between the two groups except for the @entity1 sub-scale. Further studies with larger sample sizes are recommended.

title: Comparison of health related quality of life between two groups of veteran and non-veteran spinal cord injured XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the distribution of @entity4 serotypes and DGGE subtypes among isolates from Thai @entity6 @entity0 . DESIGN: Forty-four adult Thai @entity2 @entity0 were assessed by a full mouth recording for CAL, @entity5 , and @entity8 . Seventy-nine strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans were isolated from deep pockets on selective TSBV agar and 17 strains were isolated from shallow pockets. The strains were serotyped using PCR and subtyped using DGGE. RESULTS: The prevalence of A. actinomycetemcomitans was 84.1%. Non-serotypeable A. actinomycetemcomitans strains occurred equally frequent as serotypeable (54.5%); serotype a 18.2%, serotype c 15.9%, serotype e 9.1%, and serotype f 11.4%. Serotype b and d were not detected. A @entity9 like strain but serotyped @entity1 was isolated from two @entity0 , and another two strains showed an 886bp insertion on the ltx promoter of their A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates. DGGE typing disclosed 16 different subtypes among the non-serotypeable strains. Two of them ( @entity7 and @entity3 ) were more common (12.7 and 10.1%) among the strains than the other 14 subtypes (  5.1%). Most @entity0 showed only one subtype (32.4%) but 29.7% had 2 and 3 different subtypes while 8.1% revealed 4 subtypes in one and the same deep pocket. CONCLUSION: This study showed a greater subtype diversity of A. actinomycetemcomitans predominated by non-serotypeable strains than previously reported in an adult Thai population. It was also revealed for the first time that isolates with a 530bp deletion or 886bp insertion of the ltx promoter were serotyped as serotype c.

title: XXXX serotypes and DGGE subtypes in Thai adults with @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Thirteen cases of @entity3 with endometrioid features were reviewed. The @entity0 were older @entity0 (49-81 years) presenting with symptoms of @entity5 and @entity8 . Each of the @entity2 displayed exophytic growth into the prostatic urethra, with involvement of the verumontanum. The urethral orifices of the large (primary) prostatic ducts were uniformly involved, and coexistent invasive (acinar) @entity4 was identified in 10 cases (77%). The @entity2 exhibited a complex glandular pattern strikingly similar to uterine @entity6 , with prominent papillary formation in six cases. All cases demonstrated intense cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for prostatic acid phosphatase and @entity7 in at least part of the @entity2 . Focal staining for carcinoembryonic antigen was seen in three cases. Five @entity2 examined ultrastructurally demonstrated typical features of @entity3 . Follow-up information was available on all 13 @entity0 (6-83 months). Seven @entity0 died of @entity1 (9-70 months after diagnosis), and the other six @entity0 exhibited recurrent local or @entity1 . The sites of @entity1 were identical to those seen with invasive "acinar" @entity3 , including pelvic lymph nodes, bones, and lungs. Crude 5-year survival was 15%, with a mean survival of 37 months. Adjuvant therapy provided palliative relief for many @entity0 , but did not appear to influence survival. These findings indicate that @entity9 is a histologically distinct variant of @entity3 , with a more aggressive clinical behavior than previously thought.

title: XXXX with endometrioid features. Clinical, pathologic, and ultrastructural findings.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The reported incidence of patellar problems after total knee replacement has ranged from 5 to 30 per cent. @entity5 is infrequent but can cause disabling symptoms. Between January 1974 and May 1982, eleven @entity0 (twelve knees) with symptomatic @entity6 after total knee replacement were treated at The Hospital for Special Surgery by realignment of the extensor mechanism. All of the @entity0 were @entity0 . Their average age was sixty-two years and average weight, eighty-seven kilograms. The diagnosis was @entity4 in seven knees and @entity3 in five. Most of the @entity0 had had preoperative @entity1 (average, 18 degrees). The cause of dislocation was @entity2 in three knees, incorrect tracking of the patella after replacement in six, and malrotation of the tibial component in three. Four different prosthetic designs had been used. The design of the implant did not appear to be a factor causing dislocation in this group. The @entity5 was treated by proximal realignment of the quadriceps in ten knees, lateral retinacular release alone in one, and revision of the tibial and femoral components combined with proximal realignment in one. After an average follow-up of thirty-four months (range, twenty-four to fifty-seven months), the results according to The Hospital for Special Surgery knee-rating scale were excellent in ten knees and good in two, and there had been no redislocations.

title: XXXX following total knee replacement.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The bioactivity of matrix metalloproteinases was studied in tissues from @entity2 @entity0 by means of both quantitative gelatin zymography and a fluorometric activity assay. Next to paired samples of @entity1 tissue and distant normal mucosa (n=73), transitional tissue was analysed from a limited (n=33) number of @entity0 . Broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase activity and both the active and latent forms of the gelatinases @entity5 were higher in @entity1 than in normal mucosa. The ratio's between active and latent forms of @entity5 were highest in @entity1 tissue and normal mucosa, respectively. @entity3 levels, both active and latent forms, correlated inversely with stage of @entity1 without synchronous distant metastases containing significantly (P=0.005) more active @entity3 than the others. At much lower levels of activity, the same trend was observed in distant normal mucosa. The level of latent form of @entity4 in @entity1 depended on @entity1 location. Neither the active form of @entity4 nor broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase activity in @entity1 tissue did correlate with any of the clinicopathological parameters investigated. The results demonstrate explicit differences between the activity of @entity5 , indicating different roles for both gelatinases in @entity1 progression. Such data are necessary in order to develop rational anti- @entity1 therapies based on inhibition of specific matrix metalloproteinases.

title: Tissue levels of active XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying co-contraction in @entity0 with @entity2 (n = 6) and @entity3 (n = 5). Multi-unit needle and surface EMGs were recorded from extensor carpi radialis (ECR) and flexor carpi radialis (FCR) muscles during motor tasks that elicited @entity2 or @entity3 . The EMGs from ECR and FCR were recorded simultaneously and analysed using cross-correlation analysis. Similar recordings were obtained from healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects (n = 8). Despite co-contraction of the muscles, cross-correlograms from the healthy subjects did not reveal evidence of motor unit synchronization. Cross-correlograms from the dystonic subjects revealed a central peak with a median duration of 37 ms, indicating broad-peak motor unit synchronization. Cross-correlograms from @entity0 with @entity3 were either flat or modulated by a 11-12-Hz @entity1 . Frequency-domain analysis of ECR and FCR EMGs demonstrated significant coherence in the @entity0 with @entity2 and @entity3 . These results indicate that co-contraction in @entity2 is neurophysiologically distinct from voluntary co-contraction and is produced by abnormal synchronization of presynaptic inputs to antagonist motor neuron pools. ECR and FCR co-contraction in @entity3 may be a compensatory process under voluntary control.

title: Abnormal motor unit synchronization of antagonist muscles underlies pathological co-contraction in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The aim of the study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of disease-modifying drugs (DMARDs) in everyday clinical practice in Central European States (the Czech and Slovak republics). This was a retrospective, multicentre study. With the help of a special questionnaire, the medical files of 760 @entity0 in 15 centres were analysed looking for reasons for DMARD discontinuation (e.g. insufficient efficacy, @entity2 ). The secondary endpoints were duration of therapy with individual DMARDs and the influence of other factors (demographic, disease specific, concomitant therapy) on duration of therapy. In 47.1 % of @entity0 therapy was interrupted because of lack of efficacy, in 43.2 % because of adverse events, and in 9 % for undefined reasons. Toxic reactions leading to withdrawal were most common with gold (62.6 %) and @entity6 (62.5 %). Because of insufficient effect, treatment was most frequently interrupted with antimalarials (62.3 %) and @entity7 (53.2 %), but in only 22% treated with @entity6 . The mean duration of one treatment episode with DMARDs was 28.1 +/- 48.9 months. Surprisingly, it was longest for @entity5 (53.5 + 55.1 months) and shortest for @entity3 (7.0 +/- 6.7 months). The mean duration of treatment with @entity6 was only 14.9; +/- 16.2 months. The mean duration of treatment with one DMARD was statistically longer in @entity0 with positive @entity4 and age lower than 50 years. There was no impact of sex, concomitant @entity1 treatment and high or low sedimentation rate on treatment duration. Considerable differences in everyday clinical practice with DMARDs between Central European states and published data from the US and western Europe have been found. More education about modern strategies in the treatment of @entity4 is probably necessary for practising rheumatologists.

title: Analysis of the reasons for DMARD therapy discontinuation in XXXX with @entity4 in the Czech and Slovak republics.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) increases morbidity and mortality. The RECOVER RIGHT study evaluated the safety and efficacy of a novel percutaneous right ventricular assist device, the Impella @entity6 (Abiomed, Danvers, MA), in a prospective, multicenter trial. METHODS: Thirty @entity0 with @entity3 refractory to medical treatment received the Impella @entity6 device at 15 United States institutions. The study population included 2 cohorts: 18 @entity0 with @entity3 after left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation (Cohort A) and 12 @entity0 with @entity3 after cardiotomy or @entity4 (Cohort B). The primary end point was survival to 30 days or hospital discharge (whichever was longer). Major secondary end points included indices of safety and efficacy. RESULTS: The @entity0 (77% male) were a mean age of 59    15 years, 53% had @entity1 , 88.5% had a history of @entity5 , and 37.5% had @entity2 . @entity0 were on an average of 3.2 inotropes/pressors. Device delivery was achieved in all but 1 @entity0 . Hemodynamics improved immediately after @entity6 support, with an increase in cardiac index from 1.8    0.2 to 3.3    0.23 liters/min/m(2) (p < 0.001) and a decrease in central venous pressure from 19.2    4 to 12.6    1 mm Hg (p < 0.001). @entity0 were supported for an average of 3.0    1.5 days (range, 0.5-7.8 days). The overall survival at 30 days was 73.3%. All @entity0 discharged were alive at 180 days. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with life-threatening @entity3 , the novel percutaneous Impella @entity6 device was safe, easy to deploy, and reliably resulted in immediate hemodynamic benefit. These data support its probable benefit in this gravely ill @entity0 population.

title: Benefits of a novel percutaneous ventricular assist device for XXXX : The prospective RECOVER RIGHT study of the Impella @entity6 device.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 lacks effective delivery system for treatment. Focused ultrasound (FUS) can reversibly open BBB without impacts on normal tissues. As a potential drug carrier, cationic liposomes (CLs) have the ability to passively accumulate in @entity0 tissues for their positive charge. In this study, FUS introduced @entity4 -loaded cationic liposomes ( @entity6 -CLs) were applied to improve the efficiency of @entity1 -targeted delivery. @entity4 -loaded CLs ( @entity6 -CLs) and quantum dot-loaded cationic liposomes (QD-CLs) were prepared using extrusion technology, and their characterizations were evaluated. With the advantage of QDs in tracing images, the @entity1 -targeted accumulation of FUS  +  CLs was evaluated by fluorescence imaging and flow cytometer. Cell survival rate, @entity0 volume, animal survival time, and brain histology in @entity2 model were investigated to evaluate the @entity1 -targeted delivery of FUS  +  @entity6 -CLs. @entity6 -CLs and QD-CLs had suitable nanoscale sizes and high entrapment efficiency. The combined strategy of FUS introduced CLs significantly increased the @entity1 -targeted accumulation for load drugs. FUS  +  @entity6 -CLs showed the strongest inhibition on @entity1 based on @entity1 cell in vitro and @entity1 model in vivo experiments. From MRI and histological analysis, FUS  +  @entity6 -CLs group strongly suppressed the @entity1 progression and extended the animal survival time to 81.2  days. Among all the @entity6 treatment groups, FUS  +  @entity6 -CLs group showed the best cell viability and highest level of @entity0 apoptosis and @entity3 . Combining the advantages of BBB reversible opening by FUS and @entity1 -targeted binding by CLs, ultrasound introduced cationic liposomes could achieve @entity1 -targeted delivery, which might be developed as a potential strategy for future @entity5 therapy.

title: XXXX -targeted delivery and therapy by focused ultrasound introduced @entity4 -loaded cationic liposomes.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The influence of elevated concentration of lipids in blood on the concentration of drugs in organism was observed in 1976. The following experiments have revealed that pharmacokinetics of lipophilic drugs in @entity2 is altered. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the effect of hypolipemic treatment on the @entity5 pharmacokinetics, to take into account phenotype of hydroxylation and type of primary @entity2 . The study was carried out on 37 @entity0 (34 @entity0 EM and 3 @entity0 PM) with @entity4 , @entity7 and mixed form of @entity2 . Duration of hypolipemic therapy was 30 days. Pharmacokinetic studies were carried out twice i.e. at the onset of the study and following a 30-day period of hypolipemic treatment. @entity5 was given orally as a single dose 80 mg. Blood serum was sampled during administration. HPLC method was used to determine blood serum concentration of @entity5 . The one-compartment model was applied for calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters. The obtained results have disclosed that hypolipemic therapy altered pharmacokinetic parameters of @entity5 . Intensity and course of these changes depend on the type of @entity2 . The most pronounced changes were observed in @entity0 EM with @entity7 . Lowering of @entity5 concentration in blood, elevated penetration into tissues and accelerated elimination were revealed (Fig. 3, 4). Similar changes, but lesser intensity were observed in @entity0 with mixed form of @entity2 (Fig 5, 6). Alteration of pharmacokinetic parameters of @entity5 in @entity3 @entity0 were slight and contrasting the @entity0 with @entity7 and mixed form of @entity2 . The lowering of @entity1 concentration in blood has slight influence on normalization of @entity5 kinetics (Fig 1, 2). In @entity0 with phenotype PM pharmacokinetic parameters of @entity5 were changed, under used treatment too. Due to the limited number of @entity0 , conclusions should be carefully drawn. The actual results have disclosed a decrease in lipids concentration, mainly @entity6 , which causes changes in pharmacokinetics of @entity5 in @entity0 with phenotype PM as well.

title: [The effect of hypolipemic treatment on the pharmacokinetics of XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIM: To see if pre-partum factors have a relationship to the development of @entity1 in @entity0 . METHOD: A prospective study on @entity0 with @entity2 . On first contact, the affected @entity0 was examined and data like the age, sex, weight, blood group, the diagnosis, side of the lesion and other co-morbid conditions was recorded. The mother filled a questionnaire about her age, parity, illness during pregnancy, her mode of delivery and the @entity0 's position in the family. RESULTS: There were 104 @entity0 from 103 mothers, their ages ranged from 13 days to 14 years with the highest incidence in the 1-4 age group. The sex ratio was overwhelmingly male (M:F ratio was 38:1). Right sided @entity2 were predominant. Only 7% had a family history. The peak age group of the mothers was 26-32 years and about 33% of the mothers had some illness during pregnancy. The birth positions of the @entity0 showed that majority of them were either 1st or 2nd born @entity0 . CONCLUSION: @entity0 of ages 26-32 likelyto have @entity0 with @entity1 . Malaria during pregnancy is unlikely to have a role to play. 1st and 2nd born male @entity0 have a higher chance of having @entity1 .

title: Pregnancy, parturition, parity and position in the family. Any influence on the development of XXXX /hydrocele?

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 is a relatively rare disease that represents about 1% of all male @entity2 . Its genetic basis has received little attention. @entity3 , reflected by change in @entity5 ( @entity7 ) or loss of heterozygosity (LOH), is thought to play an important role in @entity4 . In this study we have examined DNA extracted from paraffin tissue from 15 @entity1 treated for @entity6 , for evidence of such abnormalities, at 20 different loci across the genome. Polymerase chain reaction amplified products of normal and @entity2 DNA pairs were compared by electrophoresis on Spreadex gels. @entity7 was detected in 5 @entity1 ; at a single site in 2 cases and at 3, 7 and 9 sites in another 3 cases. LOH was seen in 8 cases (53%); at more than one site in 4 of these. Two @entity1 had allelic variation at 56 and 62% of assessable sites. The most unstable loci were D2S441 (33%) and D13S325 (27%). These observations indicate that replication errors and allelic loss characterise @entity6 tissue in much the same way as they do in @entity1 . More studies will be needed to establish whether these are random lesions or whether there are specifically affected sites that occur in both male and female @entity0 .

title: Loss of heterozygosity and microsatellite instability in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Inner-ear decompression @entity4 ( @entity0 ) may occur in isolation ('pure' inner- @entity3 ), or as part of a multisystem @entity6 presentation. Symptoms may develop during decompression from deep, mixed-gas dives or after surfacing from recreational air dives. Modelling of inner-ear inert gas kinetics suggests that onset during decompression results from supersaturation of the inner-ear tissue and in-situ bubble formation. This supersaturation may be augmented by inert gas counterdiffusion following @entity7 to @entity2 gas switches, but such switches are unlikely, of themselves, to precipitate inner- @entity3 . Presentations after surfacing from air dives are frequently the 'pure' form of @entity0 with short symptom latency following dives to moderate depth, and the vestibular end organ appears more vulnerable than is the cochlea. A large right-to-left shunt (usually a persistent @entity5 ) is found in a disproportionate number of cases, suggesting that shunted @entity1 ( @entity1 ) cause injury to the inner-ear. However, this seems an incomplete explanation for the relationship between inner- @entity3 and right-to-left shunt. The brain must concomitantly be exposed to larger numbers of @entity1 , yet inner- @entity3 frequently occurs in the absence of cerebral symptoms. This may be explained by slower inert gas washout in the inner ear than in the brain. Thus, there is a window after surfacing within which @entity1 arriving in the inner-ear (but not the brain) would grow due to inward diffusion of supersaturated inert gas. A similar difference in gas kinetics may explain the different susceptibilities of cochlear and vestibular tissue within the inner-ear itself. The cochlea has greater perfusion and a smaller tissue volume, implying faster inert gas washout. It may be susceptible to injury by incoming arterial bubbles for a shorter time after surfacing than the vestibular organ.

title: Pathophysiology of @entity0 XXXX : potential role of the persistent @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 is a rare clinical entity that is difficult to diagnose. In the past it was treated with partial or complete nephrectomy. However, in the age of minimally invasive procedures endoscopy has enabled more accurate diagnosis and management. We reviewed our experience with transurethral ureterorenoscopy using a flexible ureteroscope to determine the feasibility and success of endoscopic treatment of @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the records of 15 @entity0 with a mean age of 37.5 years who presented with recurrent lateralized gross @entity3 and were diagnosed with @entity1 based on transurethral ureterorenoscopy using a flexible ureteroscope. Lesions were treated using a 2 or 3Fr electrocautery probe, or a 200 mu. laser fiber with holmium or @entity5 :YAG energy. RESULTS: Followup was 2 to 96 months (mean 20.2). Of the 15 cases 14 were successfully managed by endoscopy. A single @entity0 initially treated with endoscopy in 1988 underwent partial nephrectomy shortly thereafter secondary to continued @entity2 . No @entity0 had any complication related to the procedure. All except 1 of the 12 @entity0 on whom followup data were available remain free of any @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: When the source of unilateral @entity3 is unknown or in doubt, particularly in young @entity0 , the diagnosis of a @entity4 should be considered. Transurethral ureterorenoscopy using a flexible ureteroscope is an excellent method of visualizing the offending lesion and safely treating it using an electrocautery probe or laser fiber.

title: Endoscopic management of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The specific effect of central rather than general @entity2 on @entity0 risk is not clear. This review examines the relationship between waist and waist-hip ratio (WHR) and risk of @entity0 in pre- and post-menopausal @entity1 using all available cohort and case-control data. The databases of the Cochrane Library, Medline, Cancer Lit and Embase were searched until October 2002. Relevant cohort and case-control studies with separate analyses in pre- and/or post-menopausal @entity1 were included. Random effects meta-analyses were carried out, subgrouped by pre- or post-menopausal status and cohort or case-control design. Sensitivity analyses were also performed. Five cohort studies with 72,1705 @entity1 years of observation (453 pre-menopausal and 2684 post-menopausal cases), and three case-control studies comprising 276 pre-menopausal cases with 758 pre-menopausal controls and 390 post-menopausal cases with 1071 post-menopausal controls were included. Pooled results from cohort studies using the most adjusted data [but without adjustment for weight or body mass index (BMI)] suggest a 39% lower risk of @entity0 in post-menopausal @entity1 with the smallest waist (compared with the largest) and a 24% lower risk in @entity1 with the smallest WHR. In pre-menopausal @entity1 , however, pooled results suggest that measurement of waist or WHR have little effect on risk of @entity0 . Adjustment for BMI abolished the relationship between waist or WHR and risk of post-menopausal @entity0 , but introduced such a relationship amongst pre-menopausal @entity1 . The relationship between a smaller measurement of waist or WHR and lower risk of post-menopausal @entity0 appears to result from the associated correlation with BMI. Amongst pre-menopausal @entity1 , central (not general) @entity2 may be specifically associated with an increased risk of @entity0 .

title: Central obesity and XXXX risk: a systematic review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Established causes of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) include @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity4 , particularly translocations, and abnormal embryonic karyotypes. The number of centers performing @entity1 ( @entity1 ) for @entity0 with translocations has steadily increased worldwide. The live birth rate with @entity1 was reported to be 27-54%. The live birth rate with natural conception was reported to be 37-63% on the first trial and 65-83% cumulatively. To date, however, there has been no cohort study comparing age and the number of previous miscarriages in matched @entity0 undergoing or not undergoing @entity1 . Thus, we compared the live birth rate of @entity0 with @entity2 associated with a translocation undergoing @entity1 with that of @entity0 who chose natural conception. METHODS AND FINDINGS: After genetic counseling, 52 @entity0 who desired natural conception and 37 @entity0 who chose @entity1 were matched for age and number of previous miscarriages and these comprised the subjects of our study. @entity1 was performed by means of fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The live birth rates on the first @entity1 trial and the first natural pregnancy after ascertainment of the carrier status were 37.8% and 53.8%, respectively (odds ratio 0.52, 95% confidence interval 0.22-1.23). Cumulative live birth rates were 67.6% and 65.4%, respectively, in the groups undergoing and not undergoing @entity1 . The time required to become pregnancy was similar in both groups. @entity1 was found to reduce the miscarriage rate significantly. The prevalence of twin pregnancies was significantly higher in the @entity1 group. The cost of @entity1 was  7,956 U.S. per @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: While @entity1 significantly prevented further miscarriages, there was no difference in the live birth rate. Couples should be fully informed of the similarity in the live birth rate, the similarity in time to become pregnancy, the advantages of @entity1 , such as the reduction in the miscarriage rate, as well as its disadvantages, such as the higher cost, and the advantages of a natural pregnancy, such as the avoidance of IVF failure. The findings presented here should be incorporated into the genetic counseling of @entity0 with @entity2 and carrying a translocation.

title: Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis and Natural Conception: A Comparison of Live Birth Rates in @entity0 with Recurrent XXXX Associated with Translocation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epidemiologic studies in @entity0 have demonstrated that infection with helminth parasites is associated with a reduced risk of developing @entity7 . Mechanistic studies in @entity2 have linked the protective effect of helminths on @entity7 to the suppressive activity of helminth-induced regulatory T cells (Tregs) or @entity5 cells. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment of @entity2 with @entity10 excretory-secretory products (FHES) attenuated the clinical signs of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), a @entity2 model of @entity1 . Protection was associated with a significant reduction in the infiltration of pathogenic @entity6 and Th17 cells into the brain. Although FHES enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokine and @entity5 responses, protection against @entity9 was independent of @entity3 , @entity8 , and Tregs. However, administration of FHES induced production of the type 2 cytokines @entity11 and @entity4 , which promoted accumulation of eosinophils. FHES-induced expansion of eosinophils and protection against @entity9 was lost in @entity11 (-/-) @entity2 and upon neutralization of @entity4 . Furthermore, transfer of FHES-induced or @entity11 -induced eosinophils conferred protection against @entity9 . In addition, treatment of @entity2 with recombinant @entity11 attenuated @entity7 , and this was dependent on @entity4 . To our knowledge, this study is the first to report a role for helminth-induced @entity4 and @entity11 in protection against @entity7 .

title: Helminth Products Protect against @entity7 Cytokines XXXX and @entity11 , Which Promote Eosinophilia.

answer: @entity4


abstract: A variety of controlled mild stressors have been applied for activation of temporary response in oocytes, embryos, and somatic cells. So far, several stressors have been used to induce mild stress, including that of hydrostatic pressure, osmotic stress, mechanical stress, and oxidative challenges. Based on these evidences, we hypothesised that the @entity0 in sublethal concentration would be capable of generating mild stress that may ultimately leads to an adaptive response in spermatozoa. To evaluate this hypothesis, semen samples (n=24, 6 ejaculates/bull) from 4 Holstein bulls were collected and pooled for each replicate. Pooled samples were divided into 5 equal parts and each part diluted with tris-glycerol-based (Optidyl(  )) extender containing 0 (O-E0), 0.03 ( @entity5 ), 0.09 (O-E9), and 0.15 (O-E15) % (vol/vol) @entity0 and frozen. After thawing, sperm motility and velocity parameters (sperm class analysis), apoptosis status (Phospatidylserin Translocation Detection commercial kit), plasma membrane integrity (eosin-Nigrosin staining), @entity1 concentration ( @entity4 reaction), and mitochondrial activity ( @entity3 and @entity2 ) were evaluated. The data were analysed using Proc Mixed of SAS 9.1 (version 9.1; SAS Institute Inc., 2002, Cary, NC, USA). Tukey's test was used to compare least squares means. As a result, the O-E9 group showed higher (85.2%) percentage of total motility compared with O-E0 (73.6%), @entity5 (51.9%), and O-E15 (67.5%) groups (P<0.05). A highest (P<0.05) percentage of live spermatozoa were observed in the O-E9 (62.9%) group as compared with O-E0 (49.4%), @entity5 (50.3%), and O-E15 (49.6%) groups, and also the proportion of apoptotic spermatozoa in the O-E9 (10.6%) group tended to be lowest as compared with those of O-E0 (15.6%), @entity5 (17.2%), O-E15 (14.1%) groups (P>0.05). The plasma membrane integrity was higher (P<0.05) in O-E9 (90.8%) compared with @entity5 (75%) and O-E15 (77.2%) groups; however, the difference was not significant when the O-E9 group was compared with the O-E0 group (83.2%; P>0.05). Obtained results revealed that @entity1 level was lower in @entity5 (1.03%), O-E9 (0.63%), and O-E15 (0.89%) groups compared with the O-E0 (1.94%) group (P<0.05). Furthermore, the percentage of live spermatozoa with active mitochondria was higher in O-E9 (57.7%) and O-E15 (57.5%) groups compared with O-E0 (49.1%) and @entity5 (38.2%) groups (P<0.05). These results strongly suggest that supplementation of Optidyl(  ) extender with sublethal concentration of @entity0 influences post-thawed bull sperm quality in a dose-dependent manner. However, further studies are needed to empirically determine the effect of supplementation on fertilization and pregnancy outcome.

title: 51 stress preconditioning of spermatozoa with sublethal concentrations of XXXX improve post-thaw sperm quality in bull.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and multiple aortopulmonary collaterals (MAPCAs) is a rare and severe form of @entity3 with poor prognosis. Aortopulmonary collaterals expose pulmonary arterioles to systemic pressure resulting in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). To date, reports regarding the role of @entity1 medications in this population are sparse. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of @entity1 medications in @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity4 and MAPCAs or similar anatomy, with emphasis on symptoms, echocardiography and invasive hemodynamics. A retrospective review was performed for @entity0 at a single tertiary care pediatric center. Twelve of 66 @entity0 were treated with @entity1 medications (18  %), and eight of these @entity0 had adequate follow-up for further analysis. Median age at last follow-up was 6  years (range 1.4-21  years). Median length of therapy with @entity1 medication was 4  years (range 0.3-17  years). @entity1 medications included @entity6 , @entity7 , @entity9 , inhaled @entity8 and @entity5 infusion. @entity1 therapy was associated with improvement in symptoms in all @entity0 and improvement in @entity1 by hemodynamic measures in the majority of @entity0 . All @entity0 underwent at least one cardiac intervention by catheterization or surgery while taking @entity1 medication. Two @entity0 died from non- @entity1 -related causes. The remaining six @entity0 are alive and remain on @entity1 medication. This review indicates that @entity1 medications are well tolerated by this @entity0 group and provide symptomatic improvement. Further studies are required to determine whether @entity1 medications provide long-term survival benefit for @entity0 with complex @entity3 .

title: Use of Pulmonary Hypertension Medications in @entity0 with @entity2 with XXXX and Multiple Aortopulmonary Collaterals.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In France, the incidence of @entity11 is increasing. The most severe presentation, called @entity12 , has a death rate of 20-25%; 5 to 20% of the survivors need skin grafts and/or amputations. Diagnosis of invasive @entity11 is very difficult when @entity8 and "toxic" appearance are absent: one should take into account parents' impression of their ill @entity0 . This diagnosis must be evoked in any @entity0 presenting with @entity8 (like in the United Kingdom, parents should be encouraged to use the "tumbler test" to identify a @entity5 ); a fulminant form is to be suspected in the presence of only one ecchymosis and signs of @entity4 , remembering that recognition of shock is difficult in @entity0 . Recently, the Health Authority has recommended to administer a third generation @entity10 promptly (before biological investigations) for any @entity0 with signs of @entity4 and a @entity1 (> 3 mm of diameter), and then to refer the @entity0 to the hospital. By grouping the @entity0 from 7 studies, it can be observed that preadmission antibiotic administration has a protective effect on mortality (odds ratio: 0.36; 95% confidence interval: 0.23-0.56); a negative effect was observed in only one of these series. @entity0 with @entity12 should be referred to a paediatric intensive care unit. Management includes antibiotics, @entity3 , fluid resuscitation and @entity6 (be aware of hypoglycaemia, particularly in @entity0 , and hypocalcaemia). Treatment of cutaneous @entity1 and @entity2 is difficult and still controversial: @entity9 , @entity7 , tissue plasminogen activator and vasodilator infusion have no proven efficacy. Cases must be rapidly notified to the Public Health Service who will institute chemoprophylaxis for close contacts. Given the predominance of serogroup B in France, we hope that an efficient vaccine will soon become available.

title: [Treatment of XXXX fulminans].

answer: @entity11


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) stem gravitropism involves differential elongation of cells within a highly specialized region, the stem internodal pulvinus. In the present study, we investigated factors that control gravitropic responses in this system. In the graviresponding pulvinus, hexose @entity2 (D-Glc and D-Fru) accumulated asymmetrically across the pulvinus. This correlated well with an asymmetric increase in acid invertase activity across the pulvinus. Northern analyses revealed asymmetric induction of one @entity1 acid invertase gene, @entity6 , consistent with transcriptional regulation by gravistimulation. Several lines of evidence indicated that auxin redistribution, as a result of polar auxin transport, is necessary for gravity-stimulated @entity6 transcript accumulation and differential cell elongation across the @entity1 pulvinus. First, the auxin transport inhibitor, @entity5 , inhibited gravistimulated curvature and @entity6 transcript accumulation. Second, a transient gradient of free @entity4 ( @entity3 ) across the pulvinus was apparent shortly after initiation of gravistimulation. This temporarily free @entity3 gradient appears to be important for differential cell elongation and @entity6 transcript accumulation. This is based on the observation that @entity5 will not inhibit gravitropic responses when applied to pulvinus tissue after the free @entity3 gradient peak has occurred. Third, @entity3 alone can stimulate @entity6 transcript accumulation in non-gravistimulated pulvini. The gravity- and @entity3 -stimulated increase in @entity6 transcripts was sensitive to the protein synthesis inhibitor, @entity0 . Based on these results, a two-phase model describing possible relationships between gravitropic curvature, @entity3 redistribution, and @entity6 expression is presented.

title: Gravity-stimulated changes in auxin and invertase gene expression in XXXX pulvinal cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Soluble fibrin detected in clinical plasma samples includes a variety of complexes consisting of fibrin monomer units, @entity1 , and various proteolytic derivatives of @entity1 and fibrin. The advantage of measuring soluble fibrin over fibrinopeptide A to detect thrombin action on @entity1 is the considerably longer half-life of soluble fibrin in the circulation. Soluble fibrin can be detected by a variety of methods, including paracoagulation and precipitation assays, adsorption of fibrin monomer to insolubilized @entity1 , functional assays based on the cofactor activity of some soluble fibrin compounds in @entity2 -induced plasminogen activation, and by using fibrin-specific antibodies. Fibrin-specific antibodies may react with epitopes generated directly by fibrinopeptide A or B release or with epitopes generated by fibrin polymerization. Epitopes dependent on fibrinopeptide A release are often not accessible in native fibrin complexes and require the disaggregation of fibrin compounds to be reactive, whereas epitopes dependent on fibrinopeptide B release or fibrin polymerization are accessible to the monoclonal antibodies in nondenatured fibrin. Since soluble fibrin assays detect different structural or functional properties of soluble fibrin, no common calibrator for all soluble fibrin assays and, often, little correlation between different assay systems in clinical evaluations exist. Clinical applications of soluble fibrin assays include diagnosis and treatment monitoring of intravascular coagulation processes and prethrombotic states, monitoring anticoagulant treatment, and biocompatibility investigations. Some soluble fibrin assays have been demonstrated to be extremely sensitive indicators of acute fibrin formation. For the exclusion of @entity0 , D-dimer assays appear to be more sensitive than current soluble fibrin assays, since D-dimer assays detect freshly formed fibrin and proteolytic fragments of particulate clots. Further clinical studies are needed to establish the clinical utility of specific, soluble fibrin assays. The development of rapid, quantitative soluble fibrin assays for clinical routine use should be encouraged.

title: The use of soluble fibrin in evaluating the acute and chronic XXXX state.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The advantage of supplemental @entity2 ( @entity3 ) on eggshell quality in laying hens changes with age. Besides increasing @entity0 ( @entity4 ) secretion in the eggshell gland, it may improve @entity4 absorption in the intestine or kidney. Hy-Line Brown layers (n  =  384), 25 weeks of age, were allocated to two treatment groups in two experiments, each of which included 4 replicates of 24 hens. Hens were fed a basal diet (control) or the basal diet containing 3  g @entity3 g/kg for 50 or 20 weeks in Experiment 1 or 2, respectively. A 24-h continuous lighting regimen was used to allow hens to consume the dietary supplements during the period of active eggshell formation. In Experiment 1, particularly from 25 to 50 weeks of age, and in Experiment 2, @entity3 supplementation favoured hen-d egg production at the expense of lower egg weight. The increased eggshell thickness should have nothing to do with the additional eggshell formation, because of the unchanged egg mass and daily eggshell @entity1 . At 35 weeks of age in both experiments, @entity3 supplementation increased duodenal expression of calbindin-d28k (CaBP-D28k) protein, contributing to higher @entity4 retention and balance. From 50 to 75 weeks of age in Experiment 1, the hens had little response to @entity3 supplementation and showed a negative trend on eggshell thickness and strength. It is concluded that dietary supplementation with 3  g @entity3 g/kg improves @entity4 absorption and eggshell quality of laying hens during the peak but not late production period, with the introduction of continuous lighting.

title: Dietary supplementation with @entity2 improves XXXX absorption and eggshell quality of laying hens during peak production.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Lymph node @entity1 is a significant factor in @entity3 prognosis. It is well known that @entity2 cells secrete lymphangiogenic factors, thereby promoting lymphangiogenesis. However, the effects of lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-secreted factors on the process of lymphangiogenesis and @entity2 cell @entity1 remain unclear. We established an animal model and successfully isolated LECs from afferent lymph vessels of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) in animal models. A microarray analysis was performed to characterize gene expression profile in afferent LECs induced by @entity2 cells. There were significant differences in 846 genes between normal LECs and LECs with lymph node @entity1 . Among these genes, we found that expression of @entity5 was upregulated, which was confirmed by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. In a coculture system, @entity3 cells induced @entity5 secretion from LECs, which was associated with the NF-kB pathway. @entity5 stimulated LECs migration and tube formation involving FAK-ERK1/2- @entity6 activation and reorganization of F-actin. In @entity0 @entity3 specimens, @entity7 expression was positively correlated with @entity4 ( @entity2 , node, @entity1 ) stage and lymphatic vessel density. These results suggested that LECs of afferent SLNs had specific expression profiles, which were distinct from those of normal lymphatic vessels and appeared to promote @entity1 . The expression pattern described in our study, including @entity5 in LECs and its receptor @entity7 in @entity2 cells, offers a promising therapeutic target for @entity3 .

title: Lymphatic endothelial cell-secreted XXXX stimulates lymphangiogenesis and @entity1 of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 administration is known to increase serum @entity5 concentrations. This study measured changes in lipoproteins of @entity0 with @entity4 treated with @entity3 to determine whether the increased @entity5 concentrations are associated with atherogenic lipoprotein patterns. METHODS: Fifteen @entity0 (52-87 years) with histologically diagnosed @entity4 received @entity7 (250 mg/day). Serum samples were collected before and after 1 and 2 weeks of treatment. @entity2 and @entity5 profiles of major lipoproteins were determined by HPLC, remnant-like particle @entity2 and @entity5 concentrations by an immunoseparation technique, and apolipoproteins by immunologic methods. RESULTS: @entity3 treatment induced a 63.3% increase in total @entity5 concentrations, which occurred in all major lipoprotein classes with significant increases in HDL- @entity6 (130.4%), LDL- @entity6 (60.7%) and VLDL- @entity6 (56.2%). HDL- @entity2 increased significantly by 26.8%, while LDL- @entity2 decreased (15.6%). Remnant-like particle @entity5 concentrations also increased significantly by 77%, whereas remnant-like particle @entity2 concentrations remained unchanged. Apolipoproteins A-I and A-II increased; apolipoprotein E and Lp(a) decreased. CONCLUSIONS: The techniques used here conveniently demonstrated that short-term @entity3 treatment in @entity4 @entity0 resulted in @entity5 enrichment of all major lipoprotein classes but did not induce changes in the lipoprotein profiles generally recognized as increasing risk for @entity1 , except for the elevation of plasma @entity5 and remnant-like particle @entity5 .

title: @entity3 treatment of XXXX increases @entity6 in lipoproteins as demonstrated by HPLC and immunoseparation techniques.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The @entity8 electrocardiogram pattern is characterized by coved-type ST-elevation (>2 mm) in the right precordial leads. We report the case of a 62-year-old @entity0 , with @entity2 , admitted to the emergency department because of @entity7 and chest discomfort. The @entity0 was on treatment with @entity9 and @entity5 . Unexpectedly, electrocardiogram at admission showed diffuse ST-elevation, more evident in inferior leads, where a @entity8 -like pattern was present. The @entity0 underwent coronary angiography with a diagnosis of suspected @entity6 . Coronary angiography, however, showed mild @entity3 not requiring coronary angioplasty. Echocardiography did not reveal @entity4 or pericardial effusion. Troponin levels remained normal over serial controls. Eventually, chest radiography showed lung opacities and consolidation suggestive for @entity1 . To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the first cases showing a transient @entity8 -like electrocardiogram pattern in inferior leads, probably amplified by the administration of @entity9 and @entity5 .

title: Inferior ST-Elevation Acute Myocardial Infarction or an Inferior-Lead @entity8 -like Electrocardiogram Pattern Associated With the Use of XXXX and @entity5 ?

answer: @entity9