abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical experience of our center of the use of infliximab in pediatric @entity0 with @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all infliximab infusions administered in the Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit from October of 1999 to October of 2006. Fourteen @entity0 (nine with @entity2 , three with @entity3 , and two with indeterminate @entity6 ) with a mean age of 9.6 years at diagnosis were treated with infliximab. Seventy-seven infusions were administered. RESULTS: Efficacy was analyzed according to @entity1 . @entity2 : in severe cases (PCDAI > 30), clinical remission (PCDAI < 10) was obtained in 80 % of the @entity0 at week 10, decreasing to 60 % at week 54. Corticosteroid therapy could be reduced in 89 % of the @entity0 and was discontinued in 55.5 %. @entity3 : clinical remission (modified Truelove-Witts index < 10) was initially obtained in 100 % of the @entity0 but only 33 % were still in clinical remission at the end of the study. In the two @entity4 -dependent @entity0 , corticosteroid therapy could be reduced and even discontinued in one (50 %). Indeterminate @entity6 : neither of the two @entity0 achieved clinical remission. The most frequent adverse effects observed were acute infusional reactions (42.8 % of the @entity0 and 10.3 % of infusions), one of which was severe, and @entity5 (28.6 % of @entity0 ), one of which (ileal abscess) required surgery. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy of infliximab seems to differ considerably in the distinct types of @entity1 and is practically null in indeterminate @entity6 . Randomized controlled studies in @entity0 are required to assess the exact efficacy of infliximab in our @entity0 .

title: [Infliximab therapy for XXXX : seven years on].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is a DNA-binding protein that is abundantly expressed in most tissues. Recently, @entity9 has gained much attention for its regulation of immunity and @entity1 . Yet its role in @entity11 ( @entity10 )-induced @entity4 still remains poorly characterized. In this study, @entity0 were sensitized and challenged with @entity10 to establish a @entity10 -induced @entity4 model. An IgY anti- @entity9 antibody or isotype IgY was given intraperitoneally after each challenge. Airway reactivity to @entity8 , airway @entity1 , @entity7 and shedding were unexpectedly aggravated after administration of the anti- @entity9 antibody and was accompanied by increased pulmonary expression of @entity9 , especially in those @entity0 treated with IgY. Levels of @entity2 , @entity3 , @entity6 and @entity5 were also elevated with @entity10 -induction. Primary lymphocytes from @entity10 sensitized and challenged @entity0 demonstrated increased secretion of @entity2 after IgY stimulation. To confirm the effect of IgY, a cohort of @entity0 exposed to @entity10 or vehicle was injected with IgY and the same results were observed after IgY treatment as in @entity10 asthmatic @entity0 . Taken together, these results show that the IgY anti- @entity9 antibody can facilitate @entity10 -induced @entity1 . Specifically, IgY, rather than anti- @entity9 , plays an important role in the process of exacerbated @entity4 , shedding light on an underappreciated role of avian IgY.

title: Chicken IgY facilitates @entity1 in a chemical-induced @entity0 XXXX model by potentiating @entity2 release.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment of @entity3 >= 10 days after illness onset. METHODS: We selected @entity0 initially treated with IVIG on days 11 to 20 in the database of the 20th nationwide survey in Japan. We then selected pair-matched control subjects of the same gender and age, who were initially treated with IVIG on days 4 to 8 with the same dose at the same institutions. We compared the proportions of additional treatments and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) between the groups. We also compared fractional changes in various laboratory data before and after IVIG. Fractional change was defined as follows: (Y - X)/X, in which X represents the data before treatment and Y the data after treatment. RESULTS: One hundred fifty @entity0 (75 pairs) were studied. The proportion of @entity0 who received additional treatments among those given initial IVIG after days 10 was slightly lower than those treated earlier (12% vs 16%). The fractional changes in the white blood cell count, % neutrophils, and @entity4 were similar. Among all @entity0 , the proportions of @entity2 during the convalescent phase were significantly higher in the late than in the early group (27% vs 1%). Among @entity0 who had not developed @entity2 before initial treatment, the proportions with @entity2 during the acute phase were similar (8% vs 8%). CONCLUSIONS: IVIG treatment >= 10 days after illness onset achieves @entity1 but was found to be insufficient for preventing @entity2 .

title: Late intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Risk factors and clinical manifestations of @entity3 of the CNS were analyzed in 57 autopsied @entity0 . @entity6 occurred in 16, @entity7 in 27, and @entity5 in 14. Nine of 31 variables studied showed significant difference (p less than 0.01). @entity5 was community-acquired in 93%; whereas, @entity6 and @entity7 were nosocomial in more than 95%. Focal @entity1 developed in 50% with CNS @entity6 , but in only 4% with @entity7 . Meningeal signs occurred in 86% with CNS @entity5 , but in only 6% with @entity6 and 7% with @entity7 . Discriminant analysis demonstrated that CNS @entity6 was most frequently a @entity4 with focal @entity1 , @entity2 , and hypercortisolemia. @entity5 was generally a non- @entity4 with meningeal signs presenting in an ambulatory population. CNS @entity7 was a clinically occult nosocomial @entity3 with generally no deficits or meningismus, occurring most frequently in the neonate, the elderly, and surgical @entity0 . The discriminant functions, which correctly classified 91% of these CNS @entity3 , may be applicable in clinical diagnosis.

title: @entity3 of the central nervous system: comparative analysis of risk factors and clinical signs in 57 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 263 Background: Preclinical studies suggested that @entity13 (B) enhanced the activity of @entity3 and @entity9 (GA) in @entity5 ; thus we sought to define possible combinations of @entity13 with this doublet. We employed a novel phase I trial design systematically exploring doses in 2 dimensions. The method estimates an isotoxic curve allowing not only a combination with approximately equal (with respect to single component MTD) contributions of the two components to be found, but also combinations emphasizing one component or the other. METHODS: Since 11/06, 74 @entity0 with previously treated @entity1 were enrolled (70 @entity5 , 3 prostate, 1 renal). GA was treated as a single component and given in a fixed ratio to a maximum of 900 and 50 mg/m(2), and B to a maximal dose of 1.6 mg/m2 IV, with dosing every 14 days. After determining the MTD along the diagonal, we then decreased the dose of B, increasing GA, and vice versa, exploring doses along an isotoxic curve aiming for <=  30% dose limiting @entity4 (DLT) in cycle 1. The objective response rate (ORR) includes PR or CR, and excludes SD. RESULTS: The MTD along the diagonal for GAB was 756, 42, and 1.4 mg/m(2), respectively. Doses maximizing the GA (900, 50) required reduction of B to 1.2 mg/m(2). Likewise, doses maximizing B (1.6) required reduction of GA to 559 and 33 mg/m2. The most common DLT were @entity10 14%, @entity6 5%, and @entity2 1%. There was minimal activity at the on-diagonal MTD with an ORR 1/10. Of the tolerable doses along the isotoxic curve, the greatest activity was seen when maximizing B (1.5-1.6 mg/m2, ORR 7/12 (58%)). The ORR when maximizing GA was 4/10. The most frequent >=  G3 toxicities include: @entity10 (26%), @entity12 (26%), @entity8 (24%), @entity11 (8%), and @entity6 or @entity7 (12%). Treatment was tolerable in poor renal function; 36 @entity0 (49%) had a GFR < 50 ml/min. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of GAB has promising activity at doses maximizing proteosome inhibition, despite relatively low doses of GA. Traditional phase I design dosing to the MTD "along the diagonal" would have lead to the incorrect conclusion that there was minimal activity. CLINICAL TRIAL INFORMATION: NCT00479128.

title: A novel phase I trial design featuring a two-dimensional dose-finding algorithm optimizing the dose of @entity3 and XXXX with @entity13 in metastatic @entity5 ( @entity5 ).

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity5 (Hy) has shown great promise as a @entity2 -avid agent in @entity0 imaging and therapy. Given the highly hydrophobic and   -conjugated planarity characteristics, Hy tends to form aggregates. To investigate the effect of aggregation on targeting biodistribution, nonaggregated formulation (Non-Ag), aggregated formulation with overconcentrated Hy in @entity4 (Ag- @entity4 ) solution, and aggregated formulation in water solution (Ag-water) were selected by fluorescence measurement. They were labeled with (131) I and evaluated for the @entity2 affinity in @entity1 model of reperfused @entity3 by gamma counting and autoradiography. The radioactivity ratio of necrotic liver/normal liver was 17.1, 7.9, and 6.4 for Non-Ag, Ag-DMSO, and Ag-water, respectively. The accumulation of two aggregated formulations (Ag- @entity4 and Ag-water) in organs of mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) was 2.62    0.22 and 3.96    0.30 %ID/g in the lung, and 1.44    0.29 and 1.51    0.23 %ID/g in the spleen, respectively. The biodistribution detected by autoradiography showed the same trend as by gamma counting. In conclusion, the Non-Ag showed better targeting biodistribution and less accumulation in MPS organs than aggregated formulations of Hy. The two aggregated formulations showed significantly lower and higher accumulation in targeting organ and MPS organs, respectively.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 104:215-222, 2015.

title: Evaluation of XXXX : effect of aggregation on targeting biodistribution.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity3 ) induces genes that are highly expressed during late embryogenesis, but suppresses @entity4 (GA)-responsive genes essential for seed germination and seedling growth. Promoter elements necessary and sufficient for ABA up- and down-regulation of gene expression have been previously defined in @entity1 aleurone layers. We have studied the effect of a protein phosphatase 2C, @entity5 , an ABA-inducible protein kinase, PKABA1, and a transcription factor, VP1, on ABA action in a @entity1 aleurone transient expression system. The observations have allowed us to dissect ABA signal transduction pathways leading to either induction or suppression of gene expression. The ABA induction of embryogenesis genes is highly inhibited in the presence of a mutated protein phosphatase 2C, encoded by the @entity5 -1 dominant mutant gene that is known to block ABA responses in @entity0 . However, the @entity5 -1 gene product has no effect on the ABA suppression of a GA-responsive alpha-amylase gene. On the other hand, PKABA1 suppresses the expression of alpha-amylase genes, but has little effect on ABA up-regulated genes. Therefore, it appears that ABA induction and suppression follow two separate signal transduction pathways with the former inhibited by @entity5 and the latter modulated by PKABA1. The presence of VP1 enhances the ABA induction of late embryogenesis genes, but also suppresses germination specific genes. A schematic model based on these observations is presented to explain the effect of these regulatory proteins on ABA-mediated gene expression.

title: Dissection of abscisic acid signal transduction pathways in XXXX aleurone layers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare long-term outcomes after myectomy and @entity1 septal ablation (ASA) in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). BACKGROUND: Surgical myectomy and ASA are both accepted treatment options for medical therapy-resistant obstructive @entity2 . Previous meta-analyses only evaluated short-term outcomes. METHODS: A systematic review was conducted for eligible studies with a follow-up of at least 3 years. Primary outcomes were all-cause mortality and (aborted) @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Secondary outcomes were periprocedural complications, left ventricular outflow tract gradient, and New York Heart Association functional class after  >= 3 months, and reintervention. Pooled estimates were calculated using a random-effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Sixteen myectomy cohorts (n = 2,791; mean follow-up, 7.4 years) and 11 ASA cohorts (n = 2,013; mean follow-up, 6.2 years) were included. Long-term mortality was found to be similarly low after ASA (1.5% per year) compared with myectomy (1.4% per year, p  = 0.78). The rate of (aborted) @entity3 , including appropriate implantable cardioverter defibrillator shocks, was 0.4% per year after ASA and 0.5% per year after myectomy (p  = 0.47). Permanent pacemaker implantation was performed after ASA in 10% of the @entity0 compared with 4.4% after myectomy (p  < 0.001). Reintervention was performed in 7.7% of the @entity0 who underwent ASA compared with 1.6% after myectomy (p  = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term mortality and (aborted) @entity3 rates after ASA and myectomy are similarly low. @entity0 who  undergo ASA have more than twice the risk of permanent pacemaker implantation and a 5 times higher risk of the need for additional septal reduction therapy compared with those who undergo myectomy.

title: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of  Long-Term Outcomes After Septal Reduction Therapy in @entity0 With XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: According to the very limited @entity2 registry, incidence and mortality rates for female @entity0 in China are regarded to be increasing especially in the metropolitan areas. Representative data on the @entity0 profile of Chinese @entity1 and its time trend over years are relatively rare. The aims of the current study are to illustrate the @entity0 profile of Chinese @entity1 in time span and to explore the current treatment approaches to female @entity0 . METHODS: This was a hospital-based nation-wide and multi-center retrospective study of female primary @entity0 cases. China was divided into 7 regions according to the geographic distribution; from each region, one tertiary hospital was selected. With the exception of January and February, one month was randomly selected to represent each year from year 1999 to 2008 at every hospital. All inpatient cases within the selected month were reviewed and related information was collected based on the designed @entity7 ( @entity7 ). The @entity2 Hospital/Institute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CICAMS) was the leading hospital in this study. RESULTS: Four-thousand two-hundred and eleven cases were randomly selected from the total pool of 45,200 @entity1 and were included in the analysis. The mean age at diagnosis was 48.7 years (s.d. = 10.5 yrs) and @entity0 peaked in age group 40-49 yrs (38.6%). The most common subtype was infiltrating @entity4 (86.5%). Clinical stage I _ II accounted for 60.6% of 4,211 @entity1 . Three-thousand five-hundred and thirty-four cases had @entity3 receptor (ER) and @entity6 receptor (PR) tests, among them, 47.9% were positive for both. Two-thousand eight-hundred and forty-nine cases had @entity1 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) tests, 25.8% of them were @entity5 positive. Among all treatment options, surgery (96.9% (4,078/4,211)) was predominant, followed by chemotherapy (81.4% (3,428/4,211). Much less @entity1 underwent radiotherapy (22.6% (952/4,211)) and endocrine therapy (38.0% (1,599/4,211)). CONCLUSIONS: The younger age of @entity0 onset among Chinese @entity1 and more advanced @entity2 stages pose a great challenge. Adjuvant therapy, especially radiotherapy and endocrine therapy are of great unmet needs.

title: A nation-wide multicenter 10-year (1999-2008) retrospective clinical epidemiological study of female XXXX in China.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 70-year-old female was operated on for extradural @entity3 in 1982. Microscopic examination revealed the @entity1 as @entity2 . @entity1 recurred at paravertebral twice in 1985 and 1989, and they were also resected. In 1995, her chest X-ray film showed round @entity1 in the right upper field. Exploratory open lung biopsy was performed in 1996, and right upper lobectomy was performed according to for @entity0 because intra-operative microscopic findings showed @entity4 or lung metastasis of @entity2 . @entity1 at paravertebral was resected at the same time. Postoperative microscopic examination revealed the @entity1 were same as operated @entity2 . The 2nd thoracotomy was done in 1999, and two @entity1 and a pulmonary nodule in right S8 segment were resected. They were recurrence and pulmonary metastasis of @entity2 . Now 18 years after initial operation, she is out of hospital in @entity1 free.

title: [Recurrence and pulmonary metastasis of extradural XXXX in thoracic vertebral canal: report of a case].

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4 are a group of benign rare @entity1 of connective-tissue origin that occur in both hard (central) and soft tissues of the body. The aim of this study is to highlight our experience in the management of central @entity4 of the jaw, with emphasis on its clinic-epidemiologic features as seen in our environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity0 who were managed for central @entity4 of the jaw at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department of a regional University Teaching Hospital between September 1997 and October 2015 were retrospectively studied. Details sourced included age, sex, site of @entity1 , duration, signs/symptoms, treatment given, and complications. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) and Microsoft Excel 2007 (Microsoft, Redmond, WA, USA). Results from descriptive statistics were represented in the form of tables and charts, with a test for significance (  ) using Pearson Chi-square (  (2)) set at 0.05. RESULTS: A total of 16 @entity0 were managed within the period reviewed, consisting of 10 (62.5%) females and six (37.5%) males, giving a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.7. The ages of @entity0 ranged from 5 to 70 years, with a mean of 27.06  15.45 years. The mandible accounted for nine (56.3%) cases and the maxilla for six (37.5%) cases, while a combination of the maxilla and the zygoma were involved in one (6.3%) case. Bucco-lingual or bucco-palatal expansion were the most common presentation (six [46.2%] cases each). Histological assessment of tissue specimens showed that @entity2 accounted for seven (43.8%) cases, while the remaining nine (56.3%) cases were diagnosed as @entity4 . All @entity0 had jaw resections, and these consisted of mandibulectomies in nine (60.0%) @entity0 and maxillectomies in six (40.0%) @entity0 . The duration of hospital stay ranged from 5 to 29 days, with a mean of 17.86  7.68 days. Complications were noted in three @entity0 , and all were surgical wound @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Most @entity0 in our environment present late with large @entity1 and are usually not compliant with follow-up review. Thus, a radical approach is favored in most @entity0 .

title: Central XXXX of the Jaws: A Clinico-Epidemiologic Review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 201 Background: Various schedules of palliative radiotherapy (pRT) are prescribed for @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 . Length of treatment can vary from a single day to three weeks. Single fraction pRT provides similar @entity3 relief vs. multi-fraction pRT for bone metastases, but retreatment rates are higher. In the era of targeted and hormonal therapy, @entity1 with @entity0 can survive many years after their initial diagnosis. We investigated whether @entity1 with @entity0 who were prescribed single fraction pRT had poorer prognoses and experienced shorter survival than @entity1 who were prescribed multi-fraction pRT. METHODS: @entity1 at a single institution with @entity0 underwent pRT, with fractionation schedules including 8 Gy in 1 fraction (fx), 20 Gy in 5 fx, 30 Gy in 10 fx, 37.5 Gy in 15 fx between 2001-2015. 392 treatments were prescribed (109/241/29/13 in each regimen as above). Date of @entity4 was obtained from medical records, Social Security Death Index, or published obituaries. @entity1 who were alive or whose date of @entity4 could not be determined were censored at the date of their last encounter. Survival was calculated from the start of treatment to the date of @entity4 or censorship. RESULTS: @entity1 treated with 37.5 Gy in 15 fx ( @entity2 20 months, p = 0.002) or 30 Gy in 10 fx ( @entity2 22 months, p = 0.03) experienced longer survival than @entity1 treated with 8 Gy in 1 fx ( @entity2 8 months). There was no significant survival difference between @entity1 treated with 20 Gy in 5 fx ( @entity2 18 months, p = 0.49) and @entity1 treated with 8 Gy in 1 fx. There was no significant survival difference between @entity1 treated by the three multi-fractionation schedules. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 @entity1 who were prescribed 37.5 Gy and 30 Gy lived longer than @entity1 who were prescribed 8 Gy of pRT. No statistically significant difference was found between @entity1 who were prescribed 20 Gy compared to 8 Gy, possibly due to the lower number of @entity1 who received these regimens. Single fraction pRT was more likely to be prescribed to @entity1 who would ultimately have shorter survival. More research is needed, ideally across multiple institutions, to explore the correlation between physician estimation of @entity1 survival and selection of pRT regimen for @entity1 with @entity0 .

title: Fractionation of palliative radiotherapy in XXXX : Selection and survival.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The extent of reduction in selected microorganisms was tested during both aerobic wastewater treatment and anaerobic digestion of sludge at the wastewater treatment plant in Ottawa to compare the removal of two encysted pathogenic protozoa with that of microbial indicators. Samples collected included the raw wastewater, the primary effluent, the treated wastewater, the mixed sludge, the decanted liquor, and the cake. All of the raw sewage samples were positive for Cryptosporidium oocysts and @entity0 , as well as for the other microorganisms tested. During aerobic wastewater treatment (excluding the anaerobic sludge digestion), Cryptosporidium and Giardia were reduced by 2.96 log10 and 1.40 log10, respectively. @entity2 spores, @entity2 total counts, somatic coliphages, and heterotrophic bacteria were reduced by approximately 0.89 log10, 0.96 log10, 1.58 log10, and 2.02 log10, respectively. All of the other microorganisms were reduced by at least 3.53 log10. Sludge samples from the plant were found to contain variable densities of microorganisms. Variability in microbial concentrations was sometimes great between samples, stressing the importance of collecting a large number of samples over a long period of time. In all cases, the bacterial concentrations in the cake (dewatered biosolids) samples were high even if reductions in numbers were observed with some bacteria. During anaerobic sludge digestion, no statistically significant reduction was observed for @entity2 , Enterococcus sp., Cryptosporidium oocysts, and @entity0 . A 1-2 log10 reduction was observed with @entity1 . However, the method utilized to detect the protozoan parasites does not differentiate between viable and nonviable organisms. On the other hand, total coliforms and somatic coliphages were reduced by 0.35 log10 and 0.09 log10, respectively. These results demonstrate the relative persistence of the protozoa in sewage sludge during wastewater treatment.

title: Fate of Cryptosporidium oocysts, XXXX , and microbial indicators during wastewater treatment and anaerobic sludge digestion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity2 is a permanent sequela that may be induced by improper management of active @entity1 , @entity0 behavior patterns and @entity3 regarding acne are unclear. The aim of this study was to identify @entity3 and behavioral patterns concerning acne and @entity2 of @entity0 having acne and differences between those with and without @entity2 . METHODS: The survey was performed via smartphone application for 900 @entity0 in their second to fourth decade having current or previous @entity1 . They were further categorized into two groups based on the presence of @entity2 (scar and scarless groups) with no statistical difference in demographic composition. RESULTS: The mean age of all @entity0 was 24.6      5.3. The scar group had a longer disease duration (4.9  years) than those of the scarless group (2.2  years). @entity0 in the scar group thought that acne scarring affected psychosocial aspects more negatively compared with those in the scarless group. @entity0 in the scarless group visited dermatology clinics earlier than those in the scar group. In the scar group, 62.1% of @entity0 have never had their @entity2 treated medically. Most (88.6%) @entity0 from both groups believed that non-dermatologic treatment caused side effects or aggravated their acne. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity2 tended to treat their acne and @entity2 improperly, which could negatively affect their daily lives. Acne scars are sequelae of acne and should be regarded as a distinct disease entity, requiring a @entity0 's early visit to dermatologic clinics.

title: Cross-sectional survey of @entity3 and behavioral pattern regarding acne and XXXX based on smartphone application.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The management of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) of the esophagus is controversial with some clinicians advocating non-operative ablation or surveillance. Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) allows re-section of the esophagus and may minimize morbidity. This report summarizes our experience with MIE for @entity6 . METHODS: A retrospective review of 28 @entity0 who underwent MIE for a pre-operative diagnosis of @entity6 . MIE initially involved a laparoscopic transhiatal approach (n=1), but subsequently evolved to laparoscopy with VATS mobilization (n=27) of the esophagus. RESULTS: From August 1996 to March 2001, 28 @entity0 underwent MIE. There were 23 males and five females; median age was 61 (40-78) years. Median hospital stay was 5 (3-20) days and ICU stay was 1 (1-20) day. One @entity0 required conversion to laparotomy because of dense adhesions. There were ten other @entity0 who had successful MIE despite prior laparotomy. Median operating time was 8 (5.8-13) h. One @entity3 occurred from @entity4 , @entity2 and multi-system organ failure. Complications occurred in 15 @entity0 . In addition to the @entity0 who died, five re-operations were required for: small bowel perforation (n=1), jejunostomy leak (n=1), pyloric dilation for @entity5 (n=1), cholecystectomy (n=1), incision and drainage of an @entity7 (n=1). Final pathologies were @entity6 (n=17), in situ @entity1 (n=6) and invasive @entity1 (n=5). At a median follow-up of 13 (2-41) months all hospital survivors are alive and free of disease. CONCLUSIONS: This report confirms the risk of @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity6 (39% in this series) supporting the recommendation for esophagectomy. MIE can be performed with acceptable results and may minimize morbidity compared to previous reports of open esophagectomy for @entity6 .

title: Outcomes of minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) for XXXX of the esophagus.

answer: @entity6


abstract: 1. @entity6 channels are activated by extracellular @entity2 . Despite being commonly described as non-desensitizing, @entity6 receptors do desensitize or inactivate. In the unspliced, 472 @entity1 isoform of the @entity6 receptor, inactivation required membrane disruption and the presence of extracellular @entity0 . 2. The ability to inactivate whole-cell currents developed slowly after breaking in. In contrast, currents from excised patches exhibited rapid (approximately 100 ms) inactivation with a dependence on extracellular @entity0 , @entity2 and voltage. 3. The inactivation rate increased with the fourth power of [ @entity0 ] suggesting that the functional channel may be a tetramer. @entity0 had both a higher affinity and a larger Hill coefficient for inactivation than @entity3 , @entity5 or @entity4 . Trivalent cations at concentrations up to the solubility product of @entity2 had no effect. The change in apparent co-operativity with ionic species suggests the presence of experimentally unresolved ligand-insensitive kinetic steps. 4. Based on the weak voltage dependence of inactivation and the lack of effect of intracellular @entity0 buffers, the @entity0 -binding sites are probably located near the extracellular surface of the membrane. 5. The recovery from inactivation was slow, with a time constant of approximately 7 min. 6. @entity0 -sensitive inactivation only appeared when the membrane was disrupted in some manner. Treatment with actin and microtubule reagents did not induce inactivation, suggesting that an intact cytoskeleton is not necessary. 7. Inactivation rates observed in different patch configurations suggest that the induction of @entity0 -dependent inactivation was due to the loss of a diffusible cofactor located in the membrane or the cytoplasm.

title: Inactivation of XXXX purinoceptors by divalent cations.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of intravenous iloprost on @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 undergoing congenital heart surgery. METHODS: In this prospective, randomized study, the study group (n = 15) received a continuous infusion of iloprost (2.0 ng/kg/min) that was delivered immediately after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass and continued for 72 h postoperatively. @entity0 in the control group (n = 12) were managed conventionally. The groups were compared in terms of postoperative data, including systolic and mean pulmonary artery (PA) pressures, PA/systemic pressure ratio, @entity3 level, @entity1 crisis, ventilation time, reintubation and lengths of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and hospital stay. Transthoracic echocardiography was used to assess PA pressures at 1 day, 7 days and 30 days after surgery. RESULTS: No mortality occurred. @entity1 crisis occurred in 2 (16.6%) @entity0 in the control group and 4 (26.7%) @entity0 in the study group (P = 0.53). Postoperative PA pressures and PA/systemic pressure ratios were similar between the groups (P > 0.05). The durations of @entity4 (P = 0.40) and hospital (P = 0.98) stays were similar between the groups. Echocardiographic studies demonstrated a significant @entity2 in the control (P = 0.001) and study (P = 0.0001) groups. However, no significant change was observed between the groups (P > 0.05). The Tukey multiple comparison test showed a significant decrease in PA pressures at each follow-up in both groups (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Intravenous iloprost demonstrated no additional benefit over the conventional management of @entity0 with @entity1 after repair of @entity5 . Clinicians may prefer other alternative agents in @entity0 with a high risk of @entity1 crisis.

title: The effect of intravenous iloprost on XXXX after paediatric congenital heart surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between @entity3 and @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in the patellofemoral joint (PFJ) and if this relationship is modified by @entity6 . METHODS: The Multicenter @entity4 Study is a cohort study of @entity0 ages 50-79 years with or at risk of @entity5 . Concentric knee extensor strength was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. @entity6 was measured using the Insall-Salvati ratio (ISR) on the lateral radiograph, and @entity1 and @entity2 were graded on magnetic resonance imaging in the PFJ. We determined the association between @entity3 with @entity1 and @entity2 in the PFJ among knees with (ISR >= 1.2) and without (ISR <1.2) @entity6 using multiple binomial regression. RESULTS: A total of 807 knees were studied (mean age 62 years, body mass index 30 kg/m(2) , ISR 1.10) and 64% were from @entity0 . Compared with the knees in the highest strength tertile, those in the lowest had 10.2% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 3, 18), 9.1% (95% CI 2, 16), and 7.1% (95% CI 1, 13) higher prevalence of lateral PFJ @entity1 , medial PFJ @entity1 , and lateral PFJ @entity2 , respectively. The association between @entity3 with @entity1 and @entity2 was not different between knees with and without @entity6 in the lateral PFJ. CONCLUSION: @entity3 was associated with PFJ @entity1 and @entity2 . While both @entity6 and @entity3 were associated with PFJ damage, the combination of the two was not associated with more damage than either of these factors alone.

title: @entity3 , XXXX , and structural features of patellofemoral osteoarthritis.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early diagnosis of @entity0 treatment-related @entity2 (BCRL) is of great importance for longstanding treatment results. Tissue dielectric constant (TDC) and bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) both have a potential for early diagnosis, but have not been compared. METHODS AND RESULTS: One hundred @entity1 , treated for @entity0 with breast surgery, axillary dissection, and radiotherapy, were examined within one year after @entity0 treatment, as part of the follow-up procedure. Affected/at-risk and contralateral arms were measured with the TDC technique specific to localized skin water content and the BIS technique assessing arm extracellular fluid (ECF). Thirty-eight @entity1 were clinically diagnosed for @entity2 (38.0%). The sensitivity and specificity for the TDC method were 65.8% and 83.9%, and for BIS method 42.1% and 93.5%, (p<0.001 and NS), respectively. Of all @entity2 , 18.4% were detected only by TDC and 2.6% by BIS. Affected arm to contralateral arm TDC ratios for upper arm and forearm, 1.56  0.49 and 1.28  0.33, demonstrating the localized feature of the TDC measurements were significantly greater than the BIS arm ratio 1.12  0.12 (both p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Discrepancies between TDC and BIS techniques in assessing @entity2 are related to different measurement techniques and assessed tissue water components. Independently of selected technique-specific threshold limit, the TDC technique was more sensitive than the BIS technique in the early assessment of BCRL and demonstrated that nearly 20% of early @entity2 are only superficially localized. The results further supported the complementary role of TDC and arm volume measurements as a highly diagnostic method for early @entity2 .

title: Experimental and Analytical Comparisons of Tissue Dielectric Constant (TDC) and Bioimpedance Spectroscopy (BIS) in Assessment of Early Arm Lymphedema in XXXX @entity1 after Axillary Surgery and Radiotherapy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Uterine @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are benign smooth @entity3 commonly found among reproductive-aged @entity0 . Though benign, these @entity1 are the leading indication for hysterectomies in the United States and cause significant morbidity. Despite the importance of this @entity1 in @entity0 's health, relatively little is known about the molecular etiology. METHODS: In this study, we used the Affymetrix 100K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip to assess whether the pattern and frequency of genome-wide loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and copy number amplifications is associated with clinical heterogeneity. RESULTS: Thirty-seven @entity1 with varying sizes and histology from eleven @entity0 were analyzed. LOH was observed in 4/37 @entity1 (10.8%) and significantly associated with large-sized @entity1 (p<0.0014). Two @entity1 revealed hemizygosity on chromosome 7q, a region that has been consistently reported to have LOH. Additionally, we detected one novel region of LOH, 16p13.11 in one @entity1 (2.7%). Copy number amplifications were observed on all chromosomes; however, most were low-level amplifications and only detected in a @entity1 . One region of amplification at 3p26.3 was detected in four @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Despite the use of a high-density SNP platform, our results suggest that genome-wide LOH and copy number amplifications are infrequent events and generally do not determine clinical and histologic characteristics of this disease.

title: Genome-wide analysis of loss of heterozygosity and copy number amplification in uterine XXXX using the 100K single nucleotide polymorphism array.

answer: @entity2


abstract: During @entity2 reverse transcription, there are increasing opportunities for nucleos(t)ide (NRTI) or non- @entity1 (NNRTI) reverse transcriptase inhibitors to stop elongation of the nascent viral DNA. In addition, @entity0 inhibitors appear to influence the kinetics of vDNA synthesis differently. While cell-free kinetic inhibition constants have provided detailed mechanistic insight, these assays are dependent on experimental conditions that may not mimic the cellular milieu. Here we describe a novel cell-based strategy to provide a measure of the intrinsic inhibition efficiencies of clinically relevant @entity0 inhibitors on a per-stop-site basis. To better compare inhibition efficiencies among @entity2 @entity0 inhibitors that can stop reverse transcription at any number of different stop sites, their basic probability, p, of getting stopped at any potential stop site was determined. A relationship between qPCR-derived EC50 values and this basic probability, p, enabled determination of p by successive approximation. On a per-stop-site basis, @entity4 (TFV) exhibited 1.4-fold greater inhibition efficiency than @entity3 (FTC), and as a class, both NRTIs exhibited an 8- to 11-fold greater efficiency than efavirenz (EFV). However, as more potential stops-sites were considered, the probability of reverse transcription failing to reach the end of the template approached equivalence between both classes of @entity0 inhibitors. Overall, this novel strategy provides a quantitative measure of the intrinsic inhibition efficiencies of @entity0 inhibitors in the natural cellular milieu and thus may further understanding of drug efficacy. This approach also has applicability for understanding the impact of viral polymerase-based inhibitors (alone or in combination) in other virus systems.

title: A Cell-Based Strategy to Assess Intrinsic Inhibition Efficiencies of XXXX Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and deep brain stimulation of the globus pallidus ( @entity4 -DBS) are available surgical options for @entity0 with medically refractory @entity3 ( @entity3 ). There are few data available concerning whether @entity0 who have unsatisfactory treatment effects after primary surgery benefit from a different type of subsequent surgery. The aim of this study was to assess whether combining these surgical procedures ( @entity1 plus @entity4 -DBS) was effective in @entity0 with unsatisfactory treatment effects after their initial surgery. METHODS: Forty-one @entity0 with medically refractory idiopathic @entity3 underwent @entity1 and/or @entity4 -DBS. @entity0 who were dissatisfied with their primary surgery ( @entity1 or @entity4 DBS) elected to subsequently undergo a different type of surgery. These @entity0 were assessed with the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (TWSTRS). RESULTS: @entity1 alone and @entity4 -DBS alone were performed in 16 and 21 @entity0 , respectively. Four @entity0 had unsatisfactory treatment effects after the initial surgery and subsequently underwent another type of surgery. Among them, two @entity0 with persistent @entity2 after @entity1 subsequently underwent @entity4 -DBS, and two other @entity0 who had insufficient treatment effects following @entity4 -DBS were subsequently treated with @entity1 . All of these @entity0 experienced sustained improvement from the combined surgical procedures according to the TWSTRS score during a long-term follow-up of 12-90  months. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with unsatisfactory treatment effects after an @entity1 or @entity4 -DBS experienced improvement from subsequently undergoing other types of surgery. Therefore, combined surgical procedures are additional surgical options with good outcomes in the treatment of @entity0 with residual symptoms after their initial surgery.

title: Effectiveness of selective peripheral denervation in combination with pallidal deep brain stimulation for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: Smoking cessation has been suggested to increase the short-term risk of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This study aimed at assessing the association between smoking cessation and incidence of @entity1 and impaired fasting @entity4 (IFG). METHODS: Data from @entity0 in the CoLaus study, Switzerland, aged 35-75 at baseline and followed for 5.5years were used. @entity0 were classified as smokers, recent ( <=5years), long-term (>5years) quitters, and non-smokers at baseline. Outcomes were IFG (fasting serum @entity4 (FSG) 5.6-6.99mmol/l) and @entity1 (FSG >= 7.0mmol/l and/or treatment) at follow up. RESULTS: 3,166 @entity0 (63% @entity0 ) had normal baseline FSG, of whom 26.7% were smokers, 6.5% recent quitters, and 23.5% long-term quitters. During follow-up 1,311 @entity0 (41.4%) developed IFG (33.6% @entity0 , 54.7% @entity0 ) and 47 (1.5%) developed @entity1 (1.1% @entity0 , 2.1% @entity0 ). Former smokers did not have statistically significant increased odds of IFG compared with smokers after adjustment for age, education, physical activity, @entity5 , @entity2 and @entity3 intake, with OR of 1.29 [95% confidence interval 0.94-1.76] for recent quitters and 1.03 [0.84-1.27] for long-term quitters. Former smokers did not have significant increased odds of @entity1 compared with smokers with multivariable-adjusted OR of 1.53 [0.58-4.00] for recent quitters and 0.64 [0.27-1.48] for long-term quitters. Adjustment for body-mass index and waist circumference attenuated the association between recent quitting and IFG (OR 1.07 [0.78-1.48]) and @entity1 (OR 1.28 [0.48-3.40]. CONCLUSION: In this middle-aged population, smoking cessation was not associated with an increased risk of IFG or @entity1 .

title: Smoking cessation and the incidence of XXXX : a cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Abstract Background: @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (1-34) or teriparatide (TPTD) is an anabolic agent for @entity3 . This recombinant protein stimulates positive bone formation balance and bone remodeling. However, when concomitantly used with antiresorptive (AR) agents, previous studies reported conflicting results in their potential additive and synergistic effects on bone metabolism and @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This study aimed to integrate previous evidence to assess the effect of TPTD monotherapy and the additive effect of TPTD on AR agents in postmenopausal @entity0 with @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This meta-analysis identified 9 RCTs from databases. To assess the therapeutic effect on @entity3 , the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were used to pool the percentage change of @entity1 along with the 95% confidence intervals (CIs). @entity1 of 3 skeletal sites, including lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck were assessed. RESULTS: TPTD alone could significantly improve @entity1 of all 3 skeletal sites compared with placebo, although the effect on the femoral neck was less conclusive. The additive effect of TPTD over hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and denosumab ( @entity2 ) agents is evident in all 3 skeletal sites. But TPTD plus @entity6 ( @entity7 ) did not demonstrate additive effect in total hip and femoral neck. CONCLUSIONS: TPTD alone could significantly improve @entity1 of lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck. @entity1 outcomes of concomitant use of TPTD and AR agents are site-dependent and vary depending on the specific AR agent used and the timing of AR therapy initiation.

title: Single and Combined use of @entity0 XXXX ( @entity5 ) (1-34) on Areal Bone Mineral Density (aBMD) in Postmenopausal @entity0 with @entity3 : Evidence Based on 9 RCTs.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among @entity0 with type 2 @entity1 who have severe @entity3 , exogenous insulin treatment is essential for controlling glycemia and reducing risks of disease-related complications and mortality. Conventional @entity0 insulin preparations are limited by their slow absorption and inability to adequately match the complex basal-bolus pattern of physiologic insulin activity. The development of insulin analogues, including premixed formulations that are designed to mimic physiologic insulin activity, has advanced @entity1 management and afforded @entity0 more convenient treatment options. Until recently, however, the benefits and harms of premixed insulin analogues had not been compared with outcomes of other insulin therapies and noninsulin oral antidiabetic agents. In 2008, under the auspices of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), a systematic comparative effectiveness review on this topic was published. OBJECTIVE: To familiarize health care professionals with the AHRQ comparative effectiveness report on premixed insulin analogues, and to offer and encourage reflections on practical applications of the systematic review findings. SUMMARY: The comparative effectiveness and safety of premixed insulin analogues vary by comparator therapies and outcomes of interest. The AHRQ systematic review indicated that premixed insulin analogues are more effective than long-acting insulin analogues in lowering postprandial @entity2 and hemoglobin A1c; however, in this comparison the premixed analogues were associated with higher rates of @entity5 and more @entity4 . Similar effectiveness and safety findings were obtained through the comparison of premixed insulin analogues and noninsulin antidiabetic drugs. Many comparisons did not yield firm conclusions due to a lack of studies or weak evidence.

title: AHRQ's comparative effectiveness research on premixed insulin analogues for adults with type 2 XXXX : understanding and applying the systematic review findings.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a progressive @entity1 . Because of its inflammatory nature, several circulating markers were investigated for predicting disease progression. We aimed to investigate simple inflammatory blood markers as predictors of clinical class and disease severity in @entity0 with @entity3 . Eighty @entity0 with @entity3 were divided into three groups according to clinical class (grade 1, 2 and 3) and score of disease severity (mild, moderate and severe). The basic inflammatory blood markers [neutrophil, lymphocyte, mean platelet volume ( @entity4 ), white blood cell (WBC), platelet, albumin, D-dimer, @entity2 , @entity2 to albumin ratio, and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio] were investigated in each group. Serum neutrophil, lymphocyte, @entity4 , platelet count, D-dimer and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio levels were similar among the groups (P>0.05). Although the serum WBC levels were significant in the clinical severity groups (P<0.05), it was useless to separate each severity class. However, albumin, @entity2 and the @entity2 to albumin ratio were significant predictors of clinical class and disease severity. Especially, the @entity2 to albumin ratio was detected as an independent indicator for a clinical class and disease severity with high sensitivity and specificity (75% sensitivity and 87.5% specificity for clinical class and 90% sensitivity and 88.3% specificity for disease severity). Serum @entity2 and albumin levels can be useful parameters to determine clinical class and disease severity in @entity0 with @entity3 . Moreover, the @entity2 to albumin ratio is a more sensitive and specific predictor of the progression of @entity3 .

title: Simple blood tests as predictive markers of disease severity and clinical condition in XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: The concentration of certain proinflammatory cytokines has been found to be elevated in @entity0 with @entity3 . Many studies have shown that coronary ischemic accidents do not show a uniform distribution throughout the day, but instead exhibit rhythmic variations. The objective of this study is to determine whether there is a circadian pattern of variation in the concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines in @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHOD: The sample included 40 @entity0 with @entity1 and 40 controls. Levels of @entity5 were determined in the first 24 hours after the acute coronary ischemic episode. Blood samples were extracted at 3:00 a.m. (period of darkness) and at 10:00 a.m. (period of daylight). RESULTS: Both groups were similar in age, sex distribution, and coronary risk factors. @entity2 levels showed a significant variation between daylight and nighttime concentrations in @entity0 with @entity1 and controls (41.93 5.90/100.39 13.60 vs 25.76 4.45/52.67 7.73 pg/ml). However, @entity2 concentrations were higher in the @entity1 group than in the control group. @entity4 concentrations did not vary between daylight and darkness. CONCLUSIONS: In both the control group and @entity1 group, @entity2 concentrations varied between daylight and darkness. @entity0 with @entity1 shown a higher concentration of @entity2 secondary to the physiological response to tissue damage. Circadian variations can affect the measurements obtained for different physiological and biochemical parameters.

title: [Circadian variations in proinflammatory cytokine concentrations in XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: A new aqueous nanoparticle system has been developed using complex coacervation employing the oppositely charged polymers @entity5 ( @entity3 ) and dextran sulfate (DS), with @entity6 as a stabilizing agent. @entity1 ( @entity4 ) was loaded into the nanoparticles as a model drug. The nanoparticles contained @entity3 and DS in the weight ratio of approximately 1:2. They possessed a zeta potential of approximately +30 mV and demonstrated a narrow size distribution in the range 100-600 nm with a polydispersity index of 0.2. Electron microscopy revealed spherical nanocapsules with a smooth surface. Very favorable drug entrapment and recovery efficiencies of up to 85% were routinely observed. Processing parameters, such as the pH of the @entity3 solutions, ratio of the two polymers, as well as the concentrations of DS and @entity6 , all played a significant role in controlling particle size. Dissolution studies demonstrated a fast release that is dependent on the model drug solubility. The @entity4 -loaded nanoparticles displayed no @entity0 in tissue culture in contrast to free drug and were almost as efficacious as free drug in killing @entity2 . Advantages of this simple technique are (1) ease of manufacturing and mild preparation conditions, (2) employment of completely aqueous processing conditions, (3) use of biocompatible polymers that can be prepared aseptically, (4) ability to control their size, and (5) a high level of drug entrapment.

title: Formulation and characterization of @entity1 - XXXX -dextran sulfate nanoparticles.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Intramuscular injection of the naturally occurring @entity2 (PGF2alpha) to sexually mature female @entity0 induces luteolysis and rapidly elicits a behavioural response consistent with pre-partum nest-building. Intramuscular injection of the synthetic @entity2 ( @entity1 ) also induces luteolysis but no nest-building behaviour is observed. The effects of PGF2alpha, but not @entity1 , on nest-building behaviour may be mediated via peripheral PGF2alpha receptors (FP) or via direct action on central FP receptors. We have previously shown FP receptor mRNA to be localized in porcine paraventricular nucleus (PVN), supraoptic nucleus (SON) and pars dorso-medialis of the suproptic nucleus (SOD), suprachiasmatic nucleus, choroid plexus and anterior and intermediate pituitary lobes. In this experiment, we examined hypothalamic expression of the immediate early genes @entity4 and @entity3 mRNA after treatment with @entity2 or @entity1 . Twenty-one 8-month-old nulliparous female @entity0 (gilts) were injected intramuscularly with a luteolytic dose of PGF2alpha (15 mg), @entity1 (175 microg) or saline control, their behaviour was recorded and they were killed 60 min later. Coronal hypothalamic sections and control ovarian tissues were incubated with 45-mer oligonucleotide probes complementary to porcine @entity4 and @entity3 genes using standard in situ hybridization histochemistry techniques. Significantly higher @entity4 and @entity3 mRNA expression was found in PGF2alpha-treated compared to saline or @entity1 -treated @entity0 in the PVN, SON and SOD. Significantly higher @entity4 and @entity3 mRNA expression was found in corpus lutea of PGF2alphaand @entity1 -treated @entity0 compared to saline controls. Treatment with PGF2alpha induced nest-building behaviour whereas treatment with @entity1 and saline did not. This suggests that PGF2alpha, or one of its metabolites, and not @entity1 , crosses the blood-brain barrier and acts directly on hypothalamic receptors to mediate its effect on nest-building behaviour.

title: @entity2 -induced nest-building behaviour is associated with increased hypothalamic @entity4 and XXXX mRNA expression.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the proportion of solid organ transplant recipients developing periocular @entity5 and to describe the morbidity of these @entity1 in transplant recipients. DESIGN: Cohort study. @entity0 : Consecutive @entity0 undergoing solid organ transplantation at the Cleveland Clinic between 1990 and  2008. METHODS: The charts of all @entity0 receiving a solid organ transplant from 1990-2008 evaluated in the dermatology department for a subsequent biopsy-proven head and neck malignancy through April 2015 were reviewed. @entity0 with a periocular region @entity5 ( @entity5 ) or a nonperiocular @entity5 causing a complication requiring eyelid surgery were included. Charts were reviewed for demographic data; transplant date, type, and source; immunosuppressive agents received at diagnosis; and type of @entity5 , number of nonperiocular NMSCs, ophthalmologic findings, and periocular sequelae after the repair. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Primary outcome measures included the type, location, final defect size, @entity1 -node-metastasis classification, presence of perineural invasion, and reconstruction technique(s) used for each periocular @entity5 . Secondary outcome measures included the type and treatment of ocular sequelae due to nonperiocular facial @entity5 . RESULTS: A total of 3489 @entity0 underwent solid organ transplantation between 1990 and 2008. Of these, 420 @entity0 were evaluated in the dermatology clinic for biopsy-proven @entity5 of the head and neck during the study period, and 11 @entity0 (15 @entity1 ) met inclusion criteria. Nine @entity0 developed 12 periocular @entity1 and 3 @entity0 required eyelid surgery for facial @entity1 outside the periocular zone. All 11 @entity0 developed a @entity3 (14 @entity1 ), and 1 @entity0 (1 malignancy) also developed a @entity6 . There was orbital invasion in 4 cases and paranasal and/or cavernous sinus invasion in 3 cases. Two @entity0 underwent exenteration. Seven cases required reconstruction with a free flap or graft. Periocular sequelae included @entity8 (6 @entity1 ), @entity2 and/or exposure symptoms (8 @entity1 ), @entity4 (3 @entity1 ), and @entity7 (5 @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 affecting the periocular region represents a risk of solid organ transplantation and may produce significant ocular morbidity, including the need for major eyelid reconstruction, globe loss, and disfiguring surgery.

title: Periocular XXXX in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIMS: To assess the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for advanced @entity2 (AGC). METHODS: By searching electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) and ASCO proceedings from 1990 to 2012, all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which compared the effect of NAC-combined surgery versus surgery alone in AGC were included. All calculations and statistical tests were performed using RevMan 5.0 software. RESULTS: 12 RCTs with a total of 1820 @entity0 were included. All @entity0 had locally advanced but resectable @entity2 and received NAC. NAC can slightly improve the survival rate (OR = 1.32, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.64, P = 0.01), with little or no significant benefits in subgroup analyses between either different population or regimens. NAC can significantly improve the 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.39-2.46, p < 0.0001), @entity1 down-staging rate (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.33, p = 0.0006) and R0 resection rate (OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.08-1.78, P = 0.01) of @entity0 with AGC. There was no difference between the two arms, in terms of relapse rates (OR: 1.03, 95% CI: 0.60-1.78, p = 0.92), operative complications (OR: 1.20, 95% CI: 0.90-1.58, p = 0.21), perioperative mortality (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.64-2.05, p = 0.65) and grade 3/4 adverse effects: gastrointestinal problem (OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.25-1.30, p = 0.18), @entity4 (OR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.41-1.91, p = 0.75), @entity3 (OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 0.27-5.93, p = 0.76). CONCLUSION: NAC is effective and safe. However, further prospective multi-national and multi-center RCTs are still needed in order to investigate the long-term oncological and functional outcomes to define the clinical benefits of NAC and the most effective strategies for AGC.

title: Clinical effectiveness of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced XXXX : an updated meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The ability to understand factors associated with an increased duration of missed work postoperatively could be used to more effectively select @entity0 with the greatest opportunity for a successful outcome. We set out to determine the effect of preoperative @entity3 on postoperative return to work in @entity0 undergoing @entity4 ( @entity4 ) for degenerative spondylolisthesis. METHODS: Fifty-eight @entity0 undergoing @entity4 for symptomatic grade I @entity2 were included in this analysis. @entity0 demographics, clinical presentation, indications for surgery, radiologic studies, and operative variables were assessed for each case. @entity0 -assessed outcome measures were obtained prospectively at baseline and 2 years postoperatively. To understand the factors associated with prolonged return to work, univariate linear regression analysis and stepwise multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used. RESULTS: All @entity0 -reported outcomes assessed were significantly improved 2 years after @entity4 (P < 0.001). Of the 32 @entity0 working preoperatively, 26 (81%) returned to work postoperatively. Median time to return to work was 56 days (range, 10-150 days). Independent of @entity0 age; preoperative @entity1 , disability, and quality of life; and extent of postoperative improvement, increased preoperative Zung @entity3 score remained associated with prolonged return to work (P  = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Independent of postoperative improvement in @entity1 , disability, and quality of life, the extent of preoperative @entity3 was an independent predictor of time to return to work in @entity0 undergoing @entity4 for spondylolisthesis, suggesting that regardless of how successful @entity4 surgery may be at improving a @entity0 's @entity1 , disability, or quality of life, greater @entity3 will delay or prohibit their ability to return to work postoperatively.

title: Extent of XXXX Is Associated with Return to Work After Lumbar Fusion for Spondylolisthesis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency of subtelomeric rearrangements in @entity0 with sporadic and @entity4 (IMR). METHODS: A total of 18 IMR @entity0 were taken for the study. Selection criteria included no known syndromes or @entity5 and known causes of IMR. All @entity0 signed an informed consent to participate. Chromosome analysis was carried out on all @entity0 to rule out gross chromosome abnormalities. Lymphocyte cultures were initiated and harvested using standard protocols. For fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Chromoprobe Multiprobe-T system was used. This system consists of 24 embossed areas with each area having one reversibly bound subtelomere probe for a specific chromosome. The subtelomere probes were differentially labeled with green fluorescence for short arm and orange for the long arm. Hybridization, washing and staining are done using standard protocols. A minimum of 5 metaphases were analyzed per chromosome per @entity0 . RESULTS: A total of 2 subtelomeric rearrangements were detected (11.1%). Case 1 involved a 17-year-old with severe @entity1 , profound @entity6 and @entity2 with reciprocal translocation t(3;7)(q26.2; p15.1). The second case involved a 4.6-year-old with mild @entity3 and a terminal deletion of the long arm of chromosome 2, del(2) (q37.3). The frequency of abnormalities detected in our study is in agreement with published reports. CONCLUSION: Subtelomeric screening with FISH is a useful tool for investigation of IMR, however, it is not cost effective in all cases. Conventional chromosome analysis coupled with targeted FISH testing might be the optimal strategy for investigation of IMR.

title: Subtelomeric rearrangements in idiopathic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Study of @entity5 distribution and their association with other major @entity1 risk factors in 11 provinces. METHODS: Twenty-seven thousand and sixteen @entity0 in 11 provinces, aged 35 - 64, were screened for @entity1 risk factors. RESULTS: (1) Results of plasma @entity5 level distribution showed that there was significant difference among 11 province, the highest/lowest ratio was 2.3. (2) Plasma @entity5 level was higher in @entity0 than in @entity0 (P < 0.001). (3) The prevelance of @entity8 was the most frequent @entity2 . (4) Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that total @entity3 , high-density lipoprotein @entity3 , body mass index, blood pressure, blood @entity6 and physical activity, significantly and independently correlated with @entity8 prevelance. (5) There existed aggregation of risk factors in @entity8 . Seventy-one point zero percent of @entity8 had at least one other risk factors in @entity0 and 74.4% in @entity0 , while it was 53.8% @entity0 and 52.2% @entity0 of those with non @entity8 (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Our date indicated that fasting @entity7 were associated with more @entity9 factors and could serve as a marker for several @entity1 risk factors. More @entity0 with @entity8 combined with other situation of @entity4 thus might have higher risks.

title: [Study of XXXX distribution aged 35 - 64, and their association with other @entity1 risk factors in 11 provinces].

answer: @entity5


abstract: All @entity0 over the age of 60 who experienced @entity4 between 1979-83, were registered. The number of @entity2 was registered until July 2, 1985. Included were 162 @entity0 who received no anti- @entity3 drugs prior to the study period; 87 @entity0 had established @entity3 at the time of admission. The number of @entity2 among previously untreated @entity0 significantly exceeded expectation. Mortality was not significantly correlated to severity of @entity3 . In @entity0 with @entity5 all but one died within the first year. Mortality among @entity0 with postapoplectic @entity4 was significantly higher than expected being especially during the first year. Numbers of @entity2 among @entity0 with @entity4 of unknown cause did not differ from the expected, neither did causes of @entity2 . Numbers of @entity2 in @entity0 with established @entity3 at the time of admission was significantly higher than expected although none had @entity1 and only 4 had postapoplectic @entity4 thus illustrating the influence of selecting @entity0 with @entity3 . Eleven @entity0 died suddenly and unexpectedly of unknown cause, which was more than expected. These @entity0 were found dead under circumstances compatible with @entity2 occurring during @entity4 . @entity3 was mentioned on the @entity2 certificate in only one case, indicating that the frequency of sudden, unexpected @entity2 among @entity3 could easily be underestimated.

title: @entity3 in the elderly: life expectancy and causes of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Autophagy has dual functions in cell survival and death. However, the effects of autophagy on @entity0 cell survival or death remain controversial. In this study, we show that Autophagy can mediate @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of @entity0 cells in responding to @entity4 ( @entity4 )-induced @entity2 in a @entity5 -independent but @entity6 ( @entity6 )-dependent manner. Although @entity6 is not directly induced by @entity4 , its constitutive expression is essential for @entity4 -induced @entity1 . The @entity6 -mediated autophagic @entity1 requires interplays with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and/or mitochondria. In this process, @entity6 plays a central role in regulating ER stress protein CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) homologous protein ( @entity3 ) and mitochondrial protein second mitochondria derived activator of caspases ( @entity7 ). Two pathways for autophagic @entity1 in @entity0 cells responding to @entity2 have been identified: @entity6 / @entity3 / @entity7 pathway and @entity6 / @entity7 pathway, which are probably dependent on the context of cell lines. The former is more potent than the latter for the induction of @entity1 at the early stage of @entity2 , although the ultimate efficiency of both pathways is comparable. In addition, both pathways may require @entity6 -mediated conversion of LC3-I into LC3-II. Therefore, we have defined two autophagy-mediated pathways for the @entity1 of @entity0 cells in @entity2 , which are dependent on @entity6 , interplayed with ER and mitochondria and tightly regulated by @entity2 status. The findings provide a new evidence that autophagy may inhibit @entity0 cell proliferation through trigger of @entity1 , facilitating the development of novel anti- @entity0 drugs.

title: XXXX -independent autophagy mediates programmed @entity0 cell death through interplays with endoplasmic reticulum and/or mitochondria in colbat chloride-induced @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Zur is a regulator of the high-affinity @entity0 uptake system in many bacteria. In @entity6 , a putative protein encoded by the open reading frame designated as XC1430 shows 42% @entity2 similarity with the Zur of @entity1 . An XC1430-disrupted mutant 1430nk was constructed by homologous suicide plasmid integration. 1430nk failed to grow in rich medium supplemented with @entity3 at a concentration of 400 microM and in nonrich medium supplemented with @entity3 at a concentration of 110 microM, whereas the wild-type strain grew well in the same conditions. In rich medium with 400 microM @entity3 , 1430nk accumulated significantly more @entity3 than the wild-type strain. 1430nk showed a reduction in virulence on the host plant Chinese radish (Raphanus sativus L. var. radiculus Pers.) and produced less @entity4 ( @entity4 ) than did the wild-type strain in the absence of added @entity0 . These results revealed that XC1430 is a functional member of the Zur regulator family that controls @entity0 homeostasis, @entity4 production, and virulence in @entity5 pv. campestris.

title: The @entity0 uptake regulator Zur is essential for the full virulence of XXXX pv. campestris.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Object The Basic Score for Brain @entity2 (BSBM) proposed by Lorenzoni and colleagues is one of the best grading systems for predicting survival periods after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases. However, it includes no brain factors and cannot predict neurological outcomes, such as preservation of neurological function and prevention of @entity4 . Herein, the authors propose a modified BSBM, adding 4 brain factors to the original BSBM, enabling prediction of neurological outcomes, as well as of overall survival, in @entity0 undergoing SRS. Methods To serve as neurological prognostic scores (NPSs), the authors scored 4 significant brain factors for both preservation of neurological function (qualitative survival) and prevention of @entity4 (neurological survival) as 0 or 1 as described in the following: > 10 @entity6 = 0 or  <= 10 = 1, total @entity3 volume > 15 cm(3) = 0 or  <= 15 cm(3) = 1, MRI findings of localized meningeal dissemination (yes = 0 or no = 1), and neurological symptoms (yes = 0 or no = 1). According to the sum of NPSs, @entity0 were classified into 2 subgroups: Subgroup A with a total @entity7 of 3 or 4 and Subgroup B with an @entity7 of 0, 1, or 2. The authors defined the modified BSBM according to the @entity7 subgroup classification applied to the original BSBM groups. The validity of this modified BSBM in 2838 consecutive @entity0 with brain metastases treated with SRS was verified. Results @entity0 included 1868 with @entity1 (including 1604 with @entity5 ), 355 of the gastrointestinal tract, 305 of the breast, 176 of the urogenital tract, and 134 with other @entity3 . Subgroup A had 2089 @entity0 and Subgroup B 749. Median overall survival times were 2.6 months in BSBM 0 (382 @entity0 ), 5.7 in BSBM 1 (1143), 11.4 in BSBM 2 (1011) and 21.7 in BSBM 3 (302), and pairwise differences between the BSBM groups were statistically significant (all p < 0.0001). One-year qualitative survival rates were 64.6% (modified BSBM 0A, 204 @entity0 ), 45.0% (0B, 178), 82.5% (1A, 825), 63.3% (1B, 318), 86.4% (2A, 792), 73.7% (2B, 219), 91.4% (3A, 268), and 73.5% (3B, 34). One-year neurological survival rates were 82.6% (0A), 52.4% (0B), 90.5% (1A), 78.1% (1B), 91.1% (2A), 83.2% (2B), 93.9% (3A), and 76.3% (3B), where A and B identify the subgroup. Statistically significant differences in both qualitative and neurological survivals between Subgroups A and B were detected in all BSBM groups. Conclusions The authors' new index, the modified BSBM, was found to be excellent for predicting neurological outcomes, independently of life expectancy, in SRS-treated @entity0 with brain metastases.

title: A new grading system focusing on neurological outcomes for brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery: the modified Basic Score for Brain XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neurogenesis involves generation of new neurons through finely tuned multistep processes such as neural stem cell's (NSC) proliferation, migration, differentiation, and integration into existing neuronal circuitry in the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus and sub-ventricular zone (SVZ). Adult hippocampal neurogenesis is involved in cognitive functions and altered in various @entity2 including @entity3 ( @entity3 ). @entity8 ( @entity6 ), an anticonvulsant drug is used for the treatment of @entity4 . However, the effects of @entity6 on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and underlying cellular and molecular mechanism(s) are still elusive. Herein, we studied the effects of @entity6 on @entity0 multipotent NSC proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in an amyloid beta (Ab) toxin induced @entity0 model of @entity3 like phenotypes. @entity6 potently induced NSC proliferation and neuronal differentiation in the hippocampal derived NSC in vitro. @entity6 enhanced NSC proliferation and neuronal differentiation, and reduced Ab toxin mediated @entity1 and @entity2 , leading to behavioral recovery in @entity0 @entity3 model. @entity6 inhibited Ab mediated suppression of neurogenic and @entity5 -Wnt/b-catenin pathway gene's expression in the hippocampus. @entity6 activated the @entity9 / @entity5 and Wnt/b-catenin transduction pathways that are known to be involved in the regulation of neurogenesis. Inhibition of the @entity9 / @entity5 and Wnt/b-catenin pathways effectively blocked the mitogenic and neurogenic effects of @entity6 . In silico molecular target prediction docking studies suggest that @entity6 interacts with @entity5 , @entity10 and @entity7 . Our findings suggest that @entity6 stimulates NSC proliferation and differentiation in vitro and adult hippocampal neurogenesis via the @entity9 / @entity5 and Wnt/b-catenin signaling.

title: @entity8 induces hippocampal neurogenesis and reverses cognitive deficits in amyloid-b toxin induced Alzheimer's @entity0 model via XXXX / @entity5 /Wnt/b-catenin pathway.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was a large scale investigation of @entity2 -associated circulating miRNA molecules and also determination of expression of these candidate molecules in relation to clinical activity of @entity2 . METHODS: RNA, containing also miRNAs, was isolated from sera of 28 @entity0 suffering from @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 16 healthy controls. Expression of miRNAs was determined using a miRNA microarray method. Statistical analysis of miRNA expression was carried out using Arraystar software. RESULTS: Our results showed 23 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs. Six miRNAs were differentially expressed in @entity2 compared to healthy controls. In @entity3 ( @entity3 ) we found 3 and in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) 6 differentially expressed miRNAs compared to controls. Three miRNAs were up-regulated in @entity0 with highly active disease compared to @entity0 with low disease activity. Furthermore, we found 26 significantly differentially expressed miRNAs in @entity1 @entity0 compared to @entity2 , @entity3 and @entity4 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study that comprehensively describes expression levels of circulating miRNAs in serum of @entity0 suffering from @entity2 . It can be expected that some of these deregulated miRNA molecules are involved in aetiology of @entity2 and may potentially serve as molecular markers for @entity2 development or for monitoring of disease activity.

title: Microarray analysis of circulating micro RNAs in the serum of @entity0 with @entity4 and XXXX reveals a distinct disease expression profile and is associated with disease activity.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Sexual functioning is an important element of quality of life. Many @entity1 experience @entity2 as a result of a @entity0 diagnosis and its treatment. Little is known about the availability and the effectiveness of interventions for @entity2 in this @entity1 population. Six electronic databases were searched using Medical Subject Headings and keywords. Additional hand searching of the references of relevant papers was also conducted. The searches were conducted between October 2010 and January 2011. Papers were included if they evaluated interventions for @entity2 caused as a result of @entity0 or its treatment. Studies were only included if sexual functioning was reported using a @entity1 -reported outcome questionnaire. Studies were excluded if sexual functioning was measured but improving @entity2 was not one of the main aims of the intervention. 3514 papers were identified in the initial search. 21 papers were selected for inclusion. Studies were of mixed methodological quality; 15 randomised trials were identified, many included small sample sizes and the use of non-validated questionnaires. Three main types of interventions were identified: Exercise (2), medical (2) and psycho-educational (17). The psycho-educational interventions included skills-based training such as problem-solving and communication skills, counselling, hypnosis, education and specific sex-therapies. Interventions were delivered to individual @entity1 , @entity1 and their partners (couple-based) and groups of @entity1 . The widespread methodological variability hinders the development of a coherent picture about which interventions work for whom. Tentative findings suggest the most effective interventions are couple-based psycho-educational interventions that include an element of sexual therapy. More methodologically strong research is needed before any intervention can be recommended for clinical practice. Improved screening and classification of @entity2 will ensure interventions can be more effectively targeted to suit individual @entity1 needs.

title: Interventions for XXXX following treatment for @entity0 : a systematic review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in esophagus are limited, because of the relatively rare incidence of esophageal @entity1 . Therefore, the aim of the current study was to investigate the clinicopathologic features and clinical outcomes of esophageal @entity1 , and to investigate the potential factors that may predict prognosis. @entity3 cases were obtained from our center and from case reports and clinical studies extracted from MEDLINE. Clinicopathologic features and survivals were analyzed and compared with @entity2 from our center.The most common location was lower esophagus (86.84%), followed by middle and upper esophagus (11.40% and 1.76%). The majority of esophageal @entity1 were classified as high-risk category (70.83%). Mitotic index was correlated with histologic type, mutational status, and @entity0 size. The 5-year disease-free survival and disease-specific survival were 65.1% and 65.9%, respectively. @entity0 size, mitotic index, and National Institutes of Health risk classification were associated with prognosis of esophageal @entity1 . Only @entity0 size, however, was the independent risk factor for the prognosis of esophageal @entity1 . In comparison to @entity2 , the distribution of @entity0 size, histologic type, and National Institutes of Health risk classification were significantly different between esophageal @entity1 and @entity2 . The disease-free survival and disease-specific survival of esophageal @entity1 were significantly lower than that of @entity2 .The most common location for esophageal @entity1 was lower esophagus, and most of the esophageal @entity1 are high-risk category. @entity0 size was the independent risk factor for the prognosis of esophageal @entity1 . Esophageal @entity1 differ significantly from @entity2 in respect to clinicopathologic features. The prognosis of esophageal @entity1 was worse than that of @entity2 .

title: Clinicopathologic Features and Clinical Outcomes of Esophageal Gastrointestinal Stromal XXXX : Evaluation of a Pooled Case Series.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and tolerability of @entity4 extended release (ER) in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with or without a neuropathic component. DESIGN: This was a post hoc analysis of data from a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial using a randomized withdrawal design, performed in @entity0 with moderate to severe chronic @entity3 . @entity0 achieving stable doses of @entity4 ER during a 2- to 4-week conversion and titration phase were randomized to continue treatment with @entity4 ER or taper-down to placebo during a 12-week double-blind phase. The primary efficacy outcome was the mean change in 11-point Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) @entity2 intensity score from randomization to the final visit of the double-blind phase. Tolerability was assessed by recording adverse events (AEs). Data were analyzed separately for @entity0 with @entity1 . RESULTS: A total of 173 @entity0 with @entity3 and 94 with @entity3 were randomized into the double-blind phase. During the conversion and titration phase, mean (SD) NRS scores decreased significantly from 6.5 (1.87) and 6.4 (1.99) at screening to 3.3 (0.98) and 3.2 (1.05), respectively. For both @entity3 subgroups, @entity0 randomized to @entity4 ER maintained this improvement over the double-blind treatment period, whereas those randomized to placebo reported significant increase in NRS scores. Across subgroups, the incidence of 1 or more AE was 54 percent to 57 percent in the conversion and titration phase and 47 percent to 55 percent in the double-blind phase. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicate that @entity4 ER is efficacious and generally well tolerated in the management of @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: XXXX extended release for neuropathic and non-neuropathic/nociceptive @entity3 : A post hoc analysis of data from a randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the role of tranilast in the pathogenesis of @entity1 in @entity7 . METHODS: Seventy-two BALB/C @entity0 were randomly divided into control, model and intervention groups (n=24 each). @entity0 in the model and intervention groups were infected with Coxsackievirus B3 to induce @entity7 . The intervention group was given with tranilast (200 mg/kg) by gavage until sacrifice for sampling, while the other two groups were administered with the same volume of normal saline. Cardiac tissues were obtained from 8 @entity0 on 7, 14 and 28 days after modeling. The mast cell number was observed by @entity8 staining and @entity9 staining. The cardiac tissues were stained with @entity5 and @entity6 as well as masson trichrome to observe the pathological changes in cardiac tissues. The mRNA and protein expression of osteopontin and transforming growth factor-b1 was measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry respectively. RESULTS: In the model group, the mRNA and protein expression of osteopontin reached the highest level on the 7th day, decreasing from the 14th day, and became to the least on the 28th day; while the expression of @entity3 increased from the 7th day, reaching a peak on the 14th day, and decreased slightly on the 28th day. The mRNA and protein expression of @entity3 and @entity4 was lower in the intervention group than the model group (P<0.05), but higher than the control group (P<0.05). The expression of @entity4 mRNA was positively correlated to the number of mast cells. CONCLUSIONS: Tranilast can reduce @entity2 by decreasing the number of mast cells, inhibiting the expression of @entity3 and @entity4 .

title: [Effect of tranilast on @entity2 in @entity0 with XXXX ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Muscle @entity4 (TG) are known to be a source of energy during submaximal exercise. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess whether an index of muscle fat content is related to maximal fat oxidation rate (FATOXmax) in 58 @entity1 @entity0 (mean age 46.0+/-0.8 (s.e.) y, body weight 96.4+/-1.4 kg, percentage fat: 31.9+/-0.5%) [corrected]. DESIGN: FATOXmax was defined as the highest value of fat oxidation rate, measured by indirect calorimetry, while walking on a treadmill (4.3 km/h) at three different slopes: 0% (40+/-1% of VO2max), 3% (47+/-1% of VO2max) and 6% (58+/-1% of VO2max). @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and fat mass (FM) were measured with the underwater technique and scans were obtained by computed tomography (CT) at the mid thigh level to assess areas of adipose tissue within skeletal muscle, ie deep adipose tissue (DAT), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), skeletal muscle (M) and low attenuation skeletal muscle (LAM, range of attenuation values: 0-34 Hounsfield units). LAM and DAT were used as indices of skeletal muscle fat content. RESULTS: FATOXmax, adjusted for age, was correlated with @entity3 (r=0.26, P<0.05), LAM (r=0.29, P<0.05), abdominal visceral adipose tissue (r=0.30, P<0.05) and plasma free @entity2 (FFA) levels (r=0.33, P<0.05) but not with @entity3 (r=0.03) and DAT (r=0.21) [corrected]. In a stepwise linear multiple regression, plasma FFA, age and LAM significantly predicted FATOXmax (r2=0.27). Each independent variable explained about 9% of the FATOXmax variance. CONCLUSION: LAM makes a significant but weak contribution to the modulation of fat oxidation during submaximal exercise in @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Skeletal muscle low attenuation area and maximal fat oxidation rate during submaximal exercise in XXXX individuals.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We quantify patterns in prescription opioid dispensations to individuals who suffered a prescription opioid-related @entity1 . In addition, we examine the relationship between opioid dispensations and prescription opioid-related @entity1 in geographic regions of British Columbia (BC). METHODS: We used population-based administrative data on prescription drug dispensations to identify patterns in prescription opioid dispensations to individuals who suffered a prescription opioid-related @entity1 . We also computed the quantity of prescription opioids dispensed ( @entity2 equivalents) in small geographic regions in BC from 2004 to 2013. We identified prescription opioid-related @entity1 in these small geographic areas using mortality data from BC Vital Statistics and investigated the relationship between rates of prescription opioid dispensing and rates of prescription @entity1 in small geographic areas in BC by sex. We examined differences in our results when limiting opioid dispensations to strong opioids and weak opioids. RESULTS: Many individuals who suffered a prescription opioid-related @entity1 did not have an active opioid prescription in the 60 days before @entity1 (46% of @entity0 and 71% of @entity0 ). Rates of prescription opioid dispensing and opioid-related @entity1 vary substantially across geographic regions in BC. The area-level relationship between rate of prescription opioid dispensing and rate of unintentional prescription opioid-related @entity1 is positive and statistically significant for both @entity0 and @entity0 (P<0.001). This relationship holds when opioid prescribing is limited to strong opioids. CONCLUSION: Targeted efforts to reduce high levels of opioid prescribing in BC, particularly dispensations of strong opioids and @entity3 , may substantially reduce opioid-related harms.

title: Geographic Variations in Prescription Opioid Dispensations and Deaths Among XXXX and @entity0 in British Columbia, Canada.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The half-Fourier acquisition single-shot @entity9 (HASTE) sequence allows for heavily T2-weighted images, and the inversion recovery (IR)-HASTE sequence represents the T1 value of the tissue in a very short time. This study was undertaken to determine whether characterizing focal @entity6 can be made by combination with these very fast sequences. Seventy-four @entity0 (33 @entity2 , 28 @entity7 , and 33 malignant solid liver masses [15 metastatic @entity1 , 14 @entity4 , and 4 @entity5 ) underwent dynamic CT and breath-hold abdominal MRI using @entity9 ( @entity9 ), HASTE, and IR-HASTE sequences with variable T1 values on a 1.5-T MR unit. The imaging time for each slice was 2 seconds for HASTE imaging and 2 to 4 seconds for IR-HASTE imaging. Lesion detection and qualitative characterization were evaluated. Quantitative analysis was performed by measuring the contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) as well as visual analysis. The inversion time (TI) nulling values were also statistically analyzed. All @entity8 were detected on both @entity9 and HASTE imagings. For solid lesions, @entity9 failed to detect one small solid lesion and HASTE sequence failed to detect three lesions. With HASTE sequences, all @entity2 and @entity7 were markedly hyperintense in comparison with malignant solid masses. CNRs of @entity7 or @entity2 were significantly higher than those of malignant solid masses (P < .01), and there was no overlap. The TI nulling value was 1,100+/-100 msec for @entity7 , 1,900+/-110 msec for @entity2 , and 740+/-140 msec for malignant solid masses. There was no overlap between the TI nulling values of @entity7 and @entity2 (P < .01). By combining the CNR from the HASTE sequence and the TI nulling value from the IR-HASTE sequence, complete discrimination among malignant solid masses, @entity7 , and @entity3 could be made. Application of HASTE (representing T2 values) and IR-HASTE (representing T1 values) sequences provided a rapid and reliable imaging method for characterizing focal @entity6 without the use of contrast medium.

title: Characterization of focal @entity6 with half-fourier acquisition single-shot XXXX (HASTE) and inversion recovery (IR)-HASTE sequences.

answer: @entity9


abstract: AIMS: Dual therapy comprising @entity10 for mobilization of bone marrow-derived progenitor cells (BMPCs), with simultaneous pharmacological inhibition of @entity11 for enhanced myocardial recruitment of circulating BMPC via the SDF-1a/ @entity8 -axis, has been shown to improve survival after @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Using an innovative method to provide non-invasive serial in vivo measurements and information on metabolic processes, we aimed to substantiate the possible effects of this therapeutic concept on @entity1 after @entity2 using @entity7 positron emission tomography (FDG-PET). METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity2 was induced in C57BL/6 @entity0 by performing surgical ligation of the left anterior descending artery in these @entity0 . Animals were then treated with granulocyte-colony stimulating factor + @entity9 ( @entity5 ) or placebo for a duration of 5 days following @entity2 . From serial PET scans, we verified that the @entity3 size in @entity5 -treated @entity0 (n = 13) was significantly reduced at Day 30 after @entity2 when compared with the @entity0 receiving placebo (n = 10). Analyses showed a normalized FDG uptake on Day 6 in @entity5 -treated @entity0 , indicating an attenuation of the cardiac inflammatory response to @entity2 in treated animals. Furthermore, flow cytometry showed a significant increase in the anti-inflammatory M2-macrophages subpopulation in @entity5 -treated animals. In comparing @entity5 treated with placebo animals, those receiving @entity5 -therapy showed a reduction in @entity4 and @entity6 , which indicates the beneficial effect of @entity5 treatment on @entity1 . Remarkably, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry showed an increase of myocardial c-kit positive cells in treated @entity0 (n = 12 in both groups). CONCLUSION: Using the innovative method of micro-PET for non-invasive serial in vivo measurements of metabolic myocardial processes in @entity0 , we were able to provide mechanistic evidence that @entity5 therapy improves cardiac regeneration and reduces adverse remodelling after @entity2 .

title: FDG-PET reveals improved cardiac regeneration and attenuated adverse remodelling following XXXX + @entity10 therapy after @entity2 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the painful nature of childbirth and its maternal and neonatal complications, the @entity0 needs support in this phase of their life. Increased knowledge and skills during pregnancy prepares pregnant mothers for labor and leads to promoted health. AIM: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of "prenatal education" on the process of childbirth. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted on 195 pregnant @entity0 , that is, control group (N = 132) and case group (N = 63) attending health centers in Amol-Iran from 20 weeks of gestation age during 2012. Case group members attended in "prenatal education" class and the control group only received routine care. Data were collected through demographic questionnaire, standard @entity1 , and a checklist related to childbirth information, and intensity of @entity2 based on visual analogue scale and McGill scales. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software using t-test and Chi-square test. RESULTS: The result of this study showed that the parent with a high level of education was more interested to @entity0 in prenatal classes. The anxiety level in case group (who received education) was 14.47 (4.69) and in control group it was 16 (4.86), (P < 0.001) the @entity2 intensity in case group was 85.68 (1.85) and in control group was 90.99 (14.72) (P = 0.03), intervention on labor such episiotomy was 39 %66.1 (39/63) in case group and 80 %72.8 (80/132) in control group (P = 0.01) and cesarean section was 13 %17.1 (13/63) in case group and 58 %32.2 (58/132) in control group (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: According to findings of this study, the prenatal education and psychological support are beneficial for mothers during pregnancy and labor. Therefore, it is recommended for educating all the pregnant @entity0 .

title: The Effectiveness of Prenatal Intervention on @entity2 and XXXX during the Process of Childbirth-Northern Iran: Clinical Trial Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ), a highly aggressive primary @entity5 , belongs to the most common @entity1 in growing @entity0 . Since specific molecular targets for @entity4 treatment remain to be identified, surgical resection combined with multimodal (neo-)adjuvant chemotherapy is still the only way to help respective individuals. We have previously identified the protein @entity6 phosphatase Rptp   as a marker of terminally differentiated osteoblasts, which negatively regulates their proliferation in vitro. Here we have addressed the question if Rptp   can function as a @entity1 suppressor protein inhibiting @entity4 development in vivo. We therefore analyzed the skeletal phenotype of @entity2 lacking @entity8 , the gene encoding Rptp   on a @entity1 -prone genetic background, i.e. @entity3 -heterozygosity. By screening a large number of 52 week old @entity3 -heterozygous @entity2 by contact radiography we found that @entity8 -deficiency significantly enhanced @entity4 development with 19% of the @entity2 being affected. The @entity1 in @entity8 -deficient @entity3 -heterozygous @entity2 were present in different locations (spine, long bones, ribs), and their @entity4 nature was confirmed by undecalcified histology. Likewise, cell lines derived from the @entity1 were able to undergo osteogenic differentiation ex vivo. A comparison between @entity8 -heterozygous and @entity8 -deficient cultures further revealed that the latter ones displayed increased proliferation, a higher abundance of @entity6 -phosphorylated proteins and resistance towards the influence of the growth factor @entity7 . Our findings underscore the relevance of Rptp   as an attenuator of proliferation in differentiated osteoblasts and raise the possibility that activating Rptp  -dependent signaling could specifically target osteoblastic @entity1 cells.

title: The Protein @entity6 Phosphatase Rptp   Suppresses XXXX Development in @entity3 -Heterozygous @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Perioperative antiplatelet agents potentially increase @entity4 after non-ST-segment elevation (NSTE) @entity7 ( @entity7 ). The @entity9 antagonist vorapaxar reduced cardiovascular events and was associated with increased @entity4 versus placebo in NSTE @entity7 , but its efficacy and safety in noncardiac surgery (NCS) remain unknown. We aimed to evaluate @entity1 , @entity4 , and long-term outcomes of vorapaxar in NCS after NSTE @entity7 . METHODS AND RESULTS: In the TRACER trial, 2202 (17.0%) @entity0 underwent major or minor NCS after NSTE @entity7 over 1.5 years (median); continuing study treatment perioperatively was recommended. The primary @entity1 end point for this analysis was @entity2 , @entity5 , stent @entity6 , or urgent revascularization within 30 days of NCS. Safety outcomes included 30-day NCS @entity4 and GUSTO moderate/severe @entity4 . Overall, 1171 vorapaxar and 1031 placebo @entity0 underwent NCS. Preoperative @entity3 and @entity8 use was 96.8% versus 97.7% (P=0.235) and 89.1% versus 86.1% (P=0.036) for vorapaxar versus placebo, respectively. Within 30 days of NCS, no differences were observed in the primary @entity1 end point between vorapaxar and placebo groups (3.4% versus 3.9%; adjusted odds ratio 0.81, 95% CI 0.50 to 1.33, P=0.41). Similarly, no differences in NCS @entity4 (3.9% versus 3.4%; adjusted odds ratio 1.41, 95% CI 0.87 to 2.31, P=0.17) or GUSTO moderate/severe @entity4 (4.2% versus 3.7%; adjusted odds ratio 1.15, 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.83, P=0.55) were observed. In a 30-day landmarked analysis, NCS @entity0 had a higher long-term risk of the @entity1 end point (adjusted hazard ratio 1.62, 95% CI 1.33 to 1.97, P<0.001) and GUSTO moderate/severe @entity4 (adjusted hazard ratio 5.63, 95% CI 3.98 to 7.97, P<0.001) versus @entity0 who did not undergo NCS, independent of study treatment. CONCLUSION: NCS after NSTE @entity7 is common and associated with more @entity1 outcomes and @entity4 . Vorapaxar after NSTE @entity7 was not associated with increased perioperative @entity1 or @entity4 events in @entity0 undergoing NCS.

title: Efficacy and Safety of Vorapaxar in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome XXXX Undergoing Noncardiac Surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the feasibility and the safety of conservative surgery to treat spermatic @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 undergoing inguinoscrotal exploration in 10 different Urological Centers with diagnosis of @entity3 were enrolled. Preoperative evaluation included physical examination, Scrotal US, Abdominal CT and Scrotal MRI in selected cases. @entity0 underwent organ sparing surgery or orchiectomy in case of intraoperative FSE was positive for a local infiltration. Data collected were: age, presence of infiltration, length of the lesion, number of lesions, definitive histological outcome, pre and postoperative @entity1 level. Follow up was performed with abdomen CT scan and scrotal US. RESULTS: From January 2007 to December 2013, 23 @entity0 (mean age: 64.7  yrs) were diagnosed with spermatic @entity2 . Each @entity0 underwent scrotal US. 10 @entity0 underwent radical orchiectomy and 13 @entity0 underwent conservative surgery. Mean follow up was 36.5 months. 5 @entity0 (21.7%) developed a recurrent disease, 18 @entity0 (78.3%) had a negative follow up (mean time: 40.8 months). Statistical analysis reveals that there is a significant correlation between number of lesions, length of the lesions and recurrent disease. CONCLUSIONS: Spermatic @entity2 is a rare disease. Conservative surgical treatment of spermatic @entity2 is a feasible therapeutic option for small, single and not infiltrating lesion.

title: Feasibility and safety of conservative surgery for the treatment of spermatic XXXX .

answer: @entity2