abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to establish whether @entity5 ( @entity5 ) outcomes, attitudes towards @entity1 ( @entity1 ) resources, and the availability of such resources differ between rural and urban @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: Three months after surgery for @entity2 , @entity0 received a questionnaire for completion at home assessing distress, @entity4 , @entity3 , acceptance, knowledge and use of @entity1 resources and the doctor- @entity0 relationship. We adjusted our sample to reference data of the Munich Cancer Registry and documented @entity1 resources (e.g. @entity1 -specific information centres and @entity1 support groups) using a systematic Internet search. RESULTS: Five hundred thirty-four @entity0 participated with a mean age of 68.9  years; 44.5  % were female. Urban @entity0 talked less with their doctor about their emotional state (65  %, p   <   0.01) and showed poorer knowledge of @entity1 resources (60  %, p   <   0.002). A good doctor- @entity0 relationship was associated with a better @entity5 outcome. A significant predictor for acceptance was distress. Ninety-four percent of @entity0 without a nearby support facility lived in rural areas (p   <   0.001). There were no group differences concerning distress, @entity5 outcomes, or acceptance of @entity1 resources. CONCLUSION: Despite a higher availability of @entity1 resources, urban @entity0 showed poorer doctor- @entity0 relationships and less knowledge of such resources than rural @entity0 . Overall, knowledge and use of these resources were poor. The amount of support facilities available therefore appears to be less important than establishing an efficient communication network between @entity0 , doctors and providers of @entity1 resources to achieve satisfaction with treatment of urban and rural @entity1 @entity0 .

title: Use of @entity1 -specific XXXX resources-is there an urban-rural divide?

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Status asthmaticus is an acute exacerbation of @entity6 that is persistent and intractable and remains unresponsive to initial treatment with bronchodilators and systemic @entity3 and that can result in @entity5 , hypercarbia, and secondary @entity9 . METHOD: We reviewed treatment and recent patents on management of status asthmaticus. CONCLUSIONS: Supplemental @entity1 should be given to maintain an @entity1 saturation of >= 92% in room air. Mainstay of pharmacologic treatment of status asthmaticus includes short-acting, b2 agonists such as @entity14 ( @entity14 ) administered by metered-dose inhaler with spacer or, preferably, by nebulizer and oral @entity3 . There is no advantage to intravenous @entity3 unless the @entity0 cannot tolerate oral @entity3 (e.g., protracted @entity4 ), or unable to take oral @entity2 (e.g., intubated or unconscious). Inhaled @entity16 and intravenous @entity12 should be considered in @entity0 with severe @entity6 exacerbations not responsive to conventional therapy. Subcutaneous and intramuscular b2 agonists such as @entity15 and @entity8 may be considered for @entity0 with severe @entity6 exacerbation who have poor air entry, are uncooperative with nebulized therapy, or have poor response to nebulized therapy. Monoclonal anti-IgE antibody (omalizumab) and humanized monoclonal antibodies targeting interleukin pathway have shown great promise in severe refractory @entity11 . Failing therapeutic interventions necessitate non-invasive or invasive ventilation support. Severe exhaustion, deteriorating @entity10 , poor air entry, worsening @entity5 , @entity13 , and @entity7 are indications for mechanical ventilation and intubation. For chronic treatment of @entity6 , inhaled @entity3 , bronchodilator, and oral montelukasts are the mainstay. Some formulations of herbal medicine are efficacious but evidence of other modalities of complementary and alternative medicine are generally lacking. This review also discusses recent patents related to the management of @entity6 . These recent patents describe a few immunomodulating medications useful for the treatment of chronic severe @entity6 . There have been no recent patents for the management of status asthmaticus.

title: Management of status asthmaticus in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Activated resident macrophages sustain @entity5 , and a high macrophage content is associated with plaque vulnerability. Factors leading to differentiation and activation of these blood-derived cells remain largely uncharacterized. We investigated the contribution of interaction with collagen type I, the predominant component of @entity3 matrix, to differentiation and modulation of characteristic macrophage functions, including intracellular lipid accumulation and production of the typical matrix-degrading enzyme @entity4 . When used as an adhesion substrate for @entity0 peripheral blood monocytes in vitro, collagen type I increased monocyte differentiation, assessed by analysis of @entity8 expression and cell spreading. Culturing on collagen type I doubled the number of differentiated monocytes at 24 hours (44.9+/-1.4% versus 18.4+/-1.7% on uncoated dishes, P<.001, n=3 independent experiments) and was a stronger stimulus for differentiation than @entity7 , a known inducer of monocyte differentiation. The effect of substrate on intracellular accumulation of modified lipoproteins was assessed by quantitative confocal microscopy of monocytes incubated with fluorescent acetylated LDL. The collagen type I substrate also doubled the number of macrophages containing intracellular lipid and significantly increased the individual intracellular loading. Monocytes cultured on collagen type I also released more @entity4 than did cells plated directly on plastic. The role of monocyte spreading was further assessed by treatment with @entity6 , an inhibitor of cytoskeletal function, or with @entity2 , a nonspecific inhibitor of @entity1 kinases, shown to participate in cell adhesion. Cell spreading was inhibited in 72.3+/-6.7% of @entity6 -treated and in 62.4+/-6.4% of @entity2 -treated monocytes (n=3, P<.01 in both cases). The same conditions also decreased secretion of @entity4 , and @entity2 reduced the number of acetylated LDL-containing cells (from 286+/-7 to 184+/-8 cells/mm2 with @entity2 , n=3, P<.001). Data showed a strong correlation (r>.98) between monocyte spreading on collagen type I and intracellular lipid accumulation. Our results indicate that interaction with vascular matrix may play an important role in differentiation of peripheral blood monocytes into resident lipid-laden macrophages, which act as central stimulators throughout the natural history of @entity5 .

title: Extracellular matrix modulates macrophage functions characteristic to @entity5 : collagen type I enhances acquisition of resident macrophage traits by XXXX peripheral blood monocytes in vitro.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epidemiologic studies in @entity0 have demonstrated that infection with helminth parasites is associated with a reduced risk of developing @entity7 . Mechanistic studies in @entity2 have linked the protective effect of helminths on @entity7 to the suppressive activity of helminth-induced regulatory T cells (Tregs) or @entity5 cells. In this study, we demonstrate that treatment of @entity2 with @entity10 excretory-secretory products (FHES) attenuated the clinical signs of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), a @entity2 model of @entity1 . Protection was associated with a significant reduction in the infiltration of pathogenic @entity6 and Th17 cells into the brain. Although FHES enhanced anti-inflammatory cytokine and @entity5 responses, protection against @entity9 was independent of @entity3 , @entity8 , and Tregs. However, administration of FHES induced production of the type 2 cytokines @entity11 and @entity4 , which promoted accumulation of eosinophils. FHES-induced expansion of eosinophils and protection against @entity9 was lost in @entity11 (-/-) @entity2 and upon neutralization of @entity4 . Furthermore, transfer of FHES-induced or @entity11 -induced eosinophils conferred protection against @entity9 . In addition, treatment of @entity2 with recombinant @entity11 attenuated @entity7 , and this was dependent on @entity4 . To our knowledge, this study is the first to report a role for helminth-induced @entity4 and @entity11 in protection against @entity7 .

title: Helminth Products Protect against XXXX Cytokines @entity4 and @entity11 , Which Promote Eosinophilia.

answer: @entity7


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe and compare graft survival and intraocular pressure (IOP) control after penetrating keratoplasty (PK) and Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in eyes with @entity2 . DESIGN: Retrospective case series. METHODS: Multicenter study conducted at the Singapore National Eye Centre (SNEC) and Price Vision Group. Twenty-nine consecutive eyes with ICE syndrome that underwent keratoplasty between 1991 and 2011 were identified from the SNEC transplant database and Price Vision Group @entity0 database and the following data extracted: demographics, graft failure, IOP indices, and @entity1 treatment pre- and postkeratoplasty. The main outcome measures were graft failure and need for additional IOP-lowering treatment after keratoplasty. RESULTS: The mean follow-up duration was 7.0    4.9 years in the PK group (n  = 17) and 4.0    2.6 years in the DSAEK group (n  = 12). After a mean of 4.1    3.1 years, 37.9% of grafts (11/29) failed: 7 PK compared to 4 DSAEK (P  = .72). The graft failure rate was 50% in eyes with @entity1 surgery vs 31.6% in those without (P  = .43). Additional @entity1 treatment was required in 37.9% of eyes (11/29): 41.2% of PK eyes and 50% of DSAEK eyes (P  = .28) Eyes that had undergone @entity1 surgery before keratoplasty were less likely to require escalation of IOP-lowering therapy postkeratoplasty (9.1% vs 50%, P  = .03). CONCLUSIONS: One-third of grafts failed after keratoplasty for ICE syndrome at a mean duration of 4 years and additional IOP-lowering treatment was required in 37.9%. Both PK and DSAEK had similar outcomes with regard to graft failure and IOP control.

title: Graft failure and intraocular pressure control after keratoplasty in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate hemodynamic effects of sternal retractor removal and sternal closure after cardiopulmonary bypass and to correlate these changes with preoperative and intraoperative variables. DESIGN: Prospective. SETTING: University hospital. @entity0 : Fifty adults undergoing cardiac surgery. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: @entity2 , and transesophageal echocardiography measurements were obtained immediately before and 1 minute after removal of the sternal retractor and immediately before and 1 minute after sternal closure. Retractor removal caused a significant decrease in cardiac index by 5.6% (p < 0.01), @entity1 volume index by 4.0% (p < 0.05), and mean pulmonary artery pressure by 4.8% (p < 0.001). Sternal closure caused a significant decrease in cardiac index by 7.7%, @entity1 volume index by 10.2%, and left ventricular end-diastolic area by 9.2% (p < 0.001) There were significant increases in pulmonary capillary wedge pressure and systemic vascular resistance by 9.1% and 10.8% (p < 0.01). There was no significant change in the ejection fraction area. The magnitude of decrease in @entity1 volume index with sternal closure correlated positively with end-diastolic area immediately before the closure. CONCLUSION: Chest closure is associated with significant hemodynamic changes and a change in the ventricular transmural pressure-volume relationship. @entity0 with lower preload immediately before closure are more vulnerable to a decrease in cardiac index. Based on the results of this study, volume appears to be the appropriate preventive and treatment option to limit the impact of chest closure.

title: Hemodynamic effects of chest closure in adult XXXX undergoing cardiac surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Most @entity0 with advanced stage @entity6 will be suitable for palliation only. Metallic stents are safe, effective and minimally invasive. DESIGN: A review of case notes of @entity0 who had Wallstents inserted percutaneously from January 1996 to December 2000. RESULTS: Eighty-nine @entity0 with a median age of 72 years underwent percutaneous insertion of biliary metal stents. The diagnoses were @entity2 (41.5%), @entity5 (40.5%), nodal metastases at the porta hepatis (14.6%) and @entity4 (3.4%). Ninety-six per cent of @entity0 improved their hyperbilirubinaemia to normal levels by 1 month. The median post-procedure hospital stay was 16 days. Early overall complications (within 30 days of stenting) occurred in 30% of @entity0 (70% of these were disease related). The 30 day mortality rate was 20% (n = 18). Fifty (70%) @entity0 were readmitted to hospital, most commonly because of @entity1 (16) or stent obstruction (12). The symptom-free period ranged from 2 weeks to 13 months. Median survival for all @entity0 was 3.5 months. Survival correlated inversely with serum @entity3 at presentation (r = -0.34, P = 0.001), but not with other liver function tests. DISCUSSION: Metal wall stenting for @entity6 provides good palliation with low, procedure-related morbidity and mortality, but poor overall survival from disease-related morbidity. Survival significantly correlates with pre-stenting serum @entity3 levels. There is a need to identify the subgroup of @entity0 in whom stenting has no beneficial effect.

title: Percutaneous biliary metal wall stenting in XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Telomerase is an enzyme responsible for maintaining the constant length of chromosomal telomers, which are necessary for normal function of eucaryotic cells. Presence of active telomerase in neoplastic cells prevents shortening of telomers what makes this cells immortal. Telomerase plays an important role in @entity3 . Aim of this study was to investigate the activity of telomerase in @entity4 and assess its diagnostic and prognostic value. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Material consisted of 30 @entity4 treated surgically and 9 samples from healthy skin and mucous membranes. Telomerase activity was investigated using TeloTAGGG Telomerase PCR ELISA method. RESULTS: Telomerase activity was found in 24 (80%) @entity2 . Relative activity of telomerase in @entity2 was from 16.9 to 766,2 RTA. Telomerase expression was much lower in samples of healthy skin and mucous membrane (RTA <5). Statistically significant difference was proven for T1 and T2 @entity2 , comparing to T4 @entity2 (p < 0.05). No statistically significant difference in telomerase activity for G1 and G2 differentiation @entity2 comparing to G3 and for @entity2 without lymph nodes @entity1 comparing to @entity2 with @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Malignant @entity4 show high activity of telomerase comparing to healthy tissue. Detection of telomerase activity in head and neck @entity2 can be a useful marker for @entity2 assessment. The quantification of telomerase activity has clinical diagnostic value for head and neck @entity2 . To make a convenience of telomerase as a marker for diagnostic and prognosis in @entity0 with @entity4 needs further investigations.

title: [Prognostic and diagnostic value of telomerase in the XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity7 ) is a natural compound that plays an important role in cellular energy homeostasis. In addition, it ameliorates oxidative stress, glutamatergic excitotoxicity, and apoptosis in vitro as well as in vivo. Since these pathomechanisms are implicated to play a role in several @entity1 , @entity7 supplementation as a neuroprotective strategy has received a lot of attention with several positive animal studies in models of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). This has led to a number of randomized clinical trials (RCT) with oral @entity7 supplementation, with durations up to 5  years. In this paper, we review the evidence and consequences stemming from these trials. In the case of @entity2 , the initial phase II RCT was promising and led to a large and well-designed phase III trial, which, however, turned out to be negative for all outcome measures. None of the RCTs that have examined effects of @entity7 in @entity3 @entity0 showed any clinical benefit. In @entity5 , @entity7 in high doses (up to 30  g/day) was shown to slow down brain atrophy in premanifest @entity6 mutation carriers. In spite of this, proof is still lacking that @entity7 can also have beneficial clinical effects in this group of @entity0 , who will go on to develop @entity5 symptoms. Taken together, the use of @entity7 supplementation has so far proved disappointing in clinical studies with a number of symptomatic @entity1 .

title: @entity4 for neuroprotection in XXXX : end of story?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Axillary lymph node status is one of the most powerful prognostic indicators in @entity1 with @entity0 and has implications for adjuvant treatment. It has been demonstrated that enhanced histologic evaluation of axillary lymph nodes, including serial sectioning of paraffin tissue blocks and immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, increases the rate of detection of occult @entity2 . The clinical significance of occult lymph node @entity2 has been the subject of debate. METHODS: In the current study, the authors identified 267 @entity1 who underwent axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) between 1987 and 1995 and were lymph node negative according to a routine pathologic evaluation, which included the complete submission of all lymph nodes and an examination of 1 @entity4 and @entity5 (H_E)-stained section per paraffin block. @entity1 did not receive systemic chemotherapy or hormone therapy. All of the dissected lymph nodes from these @entity1 were re-evaluated by intensified pathologic methods (serial sectioning with H_E levels plus IHC). Occult @entity2 were categorized by detection method and size. The clinical significance of the occult @entity2 was determined. RESULTS: Thirty-nine @entity1 (15%) who had lymph node-negative results on routine evaluation of their ALND specimens had occult @entity2 identified. Eight of these @entity1 (20%) had macrometastases >2.0 mm, 15 (40%) had micrometastases (range, >0.2 mm to  <=2 mm), and 16 (40%) had @entity3 cells ( <=0.2 mm). The presence of occult @entity2 and the size of @entity2 did not affect recurrence-free or overall survival. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of occult metastasis did not have clinical significance in this cohort of @entity1 with early stage @entity0 .

title: Occult axillary lymph node @entity2 do not have prognostic significance in early stage XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: How mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) promote @entity1 growth remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that mesenchymal stem-like cells (MSLCs) are commonly present in @entity5 @entity0 , where they directly interact with @entity1 cells. Chemokines and chemokine receptors, especially the @entity2 / @entity6 pathway, are involved in this interaction. As a result, MSLCs exert @entity1 -promoting effects by enhancing the proliferation and colony formation of @entity1 -repopulating cells. The underlying molecular basis involves MSLC release of @entity4 to tumorigenic cells. Inhibition of @entity4 uptake impedes MSC-mediated @entity1 -promoting effects. More intriguingly, MSLCs take up @entity1 cell-released @entity3 that, in turn, favors MSLC growth. Thus, @entity4 and @entity3 form a vicious cycle between MSLCs and tumorigenic cells. These findings suggest a potential clinical application by targeting MSLCs in @entity0 with @entity5 . Stem Cells 2015.

title: Brief Reports: XXXX Mesenchymal Stem-Like Cells Facilitate Floating Tumorigenic Cell Growth Via @entity4 - @entity3 Cycle.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many novel molecular and pharmacological modalities have been proposed for the treatment of accelerated @entity0 . Yet the fundamental question remains of whether the vessel wall can be treated once only or whether single-dose therapy simply delays the inevitable processes that lead to intimal @entity3 . Since @entity4 and aggregation are critical events in vascular healing, we sought to determine whether the injured blood vessel would retain its myointimal potential after reversal of even prolonged periods of @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: A novel nonimmune method sustained @entity1 and suppressed postinjury neointimal @entity3 by 88%. Infusion of fresh platelets, even 14 days after initial denuding injury, restored the full neointimal @entity5 potential. Platelet depletion presumably removed factors chemotactic for vascular smooth muscle cells but had no effect on the overexpression of the @entity7 ( @entity7 ) subunit after @entity2 . In native vessels, 26.5+/-2.5% of medial smooth muscle cells expressed @entity7 . In all animals, medial @entity7 expression doubled 2 weeks after endothelial denudation and was evident in up to 74.5+/-2.5% of the cells forming the @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Thus, though the @entity5 potential of the injured blood vessel can be delayed with removal of growth stimuli, it is not lost forever, and if the media is not made quiescent, neointimal @entity3 is simply delayed rather than prevented. These results may have a profound effect on our understanding and treatment of accelerated proliferative @entity0 .

title: Rat arterial wall retains myointimal XXXX potential long after @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: PURPOSE: We assessed the prognostic value of extranodal extension and other lymph node parameters in a large multicenter cohort of @entity0 with @entity3 after radical nephroureterectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the records of 222 @entity0 with @entity3 treated with radical nephroureterectomy for upper tract @entity2 without neoadjuvant therapy. Each @entity3 was microscopically evaluated for extranodal extension. RESULTS: A median of 4 lymph nodes (IQR 8) was removed. Two lymph nodes (IQR 2) were positive. Lymph node density was 51.3% (IQR 71.7%). Overall 110 @entity0 (49.5%) had extranodal extension, which was associated with more advanced pT stage (p = 0.026). On multivariable analysis extranodal extension was associated with disease recurrence (p = 0.01) and @entity1 specific mortality (p = 0.013). When stratified by a 30% cutoff, lymph node density was associated with disease recurrence and @entity1 specific mortality on univariable but not multivariable analysis (p = 0.048 and 0.049, respectively). Adding extranodal extension to a multivariable model including pT stage and @entity1 architecture improved predictive accuracy for disease recurrence from 70.3% to 74.5% (p <0.001). Adding extranodal extension to a multivariable model including age, pT stage and @entity1 architecture improved predictive accuracy for @entity1 specific mortality from 70.6% to 74.4% (p <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Extranodal extension is a powerful predictor of clinical outcomes in @entity0 with upper tract @entity2 with @entity3 . While other lymph node parameters seem to have limited clinical value, extranodal extension could help risk stratify @entity0 with upper tract @entity2 and @entity3 for better counseling and clinical trial design.

title: Prognostic value of extranodal extension and other lymph node parameters in @entity0 with upper tract XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Split hand/foot @entity1 (SHFM) is characterized by underdeveloped or absent central digital rays, clefts of hands and feet, and variable syndactyly of the remaining digits. SHFM is a heterogeneous condition caused by abnormalities at one of multiple loci, including @entity4 ( @entity4 at 7q21-q22), @entity7 (Xq26), @entity5 ( @entity8 / @entity8 at 10q24), @entity3 ( @entity3 at 3q27), and @entity6 ( @entity10 and @entity11 at 2q31). @entity5 is unique in that it is caused by submicroscopic tandem chromosome duplications of @entity8 / @entity8 . In order to show that array-based comparative genomic hybridization should be considered an essential aspect of the genetic analysis of @entity0 with SHFM, we report on a family with two brothers who have @entity9 . Interestingly, both also have @entity2 . Their sister and both parents are healthy. DNA of all five family members was analyzed using oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray and quantitative PCR. The two affected brothers were found to have a small duplication of approximately 539 kb at 10q24.32. The @entity0 ' sister and father do not have the microduplication, but qPCR showed that mother's DNA carries the duplication in 20% of blood lymphocytes. In this family, two @entity0 were affected with @entity9 having a duplication over the @entity5 locus. The mother, who shows no clinical features of ectrodacytyly, is a mosaic for the same duplication. Therefore, we demonstrate that somatic/gonadal mosaicism is a mechanism that gives rise to SHFM. We also suggest that @entity2 may be part of the clinical description of @entity5 .

title: Somatic/gonadal mosaicism in a syndromic form of @entity9 , including XXXX , documented through array-based comparative genomic hybridization.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: As suggested by in-vitro data, we hypothesize that subtypes of @entity4 mutated @entity5 ( @entity5 ) respond differently to chemotherapy regimens. METHODS: @entity0 with advanced @entity5 and known @entity4 mutation, treated with first-line @entity3 -based chemotherapy, were retrieved from hospital databases. PRIMARY OBJECTIVE: to investigate overall response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) between different types of @entity3 -based chemotherapy per type of @entity4 mutation. RESULTS: 464 @entity0 from 17 hospitals, treated between 2000 and 2013, were included. The majority of @entity0 had stage IV disease (93%), had a history of smoking (98%) and known with an @entity2 (91%). Most common types of @entity4 mutation were @entity11 (46%), @entity10 (20%) and @entity8 (10%). @entity3 was combined with pemetrexed (n=334), @entity9 (n=68) or @entity1 (n=62). @entity0 treated with @entity9 had a significant improved ORR (50%) compared to pemetrexed (21%) or @entity1 (25%; p<0.01). @entity0 treated with bevacizumab in addition to @entity9 (n=38) had the highest ORR (62%). The PFS was significantly improved in @entity0 treated with @entity9 compared to pemetrexed (HR=0.72, p=0.02), but not @entity6 (HR=0.87, p=0.41). In @entity0 with @entity10 , significantly improved ORR (p<0.01) was observed for @entity9 , but not PFS or @entity6 . @entity0 with @entity11 or @entity8 mutation had comparable ORR, PFS and @entity6 in all treatment groups. CONCLUSION: @entity4 mutated @entity5 @entity0 treated with @entity7 -based chemotherapy had best ORR. Response to chemotherapy regimens was different in types of @entity4 mutation. Especially @entity0 with @entity10 had better response to @entity7 treatment.

title: Comparison of clinical outcome after first-line @entity3 -based chemotherapy in different types of @entity4 mutated advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 9527 Background: Cure rates for metastatic @entity2 are poor and justify the stratification of treatment protocols by the presence of @entity1 at diagnosis. Lung @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are the most common form of disseminated disease. Our goal was to assess the diagnostic performance of CT imaging of nodules at diagnosis to discriminate benign from malignant lesions. METHODS: We reviewed the CT scan of all @entity0 (pts) treated at four French centres, prospectively enrolled on the EuroEwing 99 trial between January 1999 and December 2009. RESULTS: 342 @entity0 were identified, 141 of whom had lung nodules at diagnosis, 18 with extra-pulmonary @entity1 . Among the 123 other pts, 54 were considered as having lung @entity1 without needing a biopsy (bx), 32 non-metastatic without needing a bx and 37 with doubtful lung lesions had a bx as part of the disease staging process. Of those 37 pts, three had lesions identified on plain chest x- @entity3 and 35 had nodules only detected by CT. 16 pts had unilateral nodule(s). Bx showed lung @entity1 in 21 and benign lesions in 16. The median number of nodules detected for the bx positive group was 4 (range 1-22) and 2 for the bx negative group (range 1-12). The median size of the largest nodule was 6 mm (range 3-15) for the bx positive group and 3mm for the bx negative group (range 1.5-8). Both ROC curves showed the poor diagnostic performance of the number of nodules and the size of the largest considered separately and advocate for combining the 2 criteria. According to the practice guidelines of the protocol 47 pts had nodule characteristics that placed them in the "treat as lung @entity1 without bx." Among those, 11 had a bx, of which 9 were positive. All 7 pts with more than 2 nodules and largest nodule greater than 6 mm were metastatic, but 2 of 4 @entity0 with more than 2 nodules the largest being 6 mm were not metastatic. 20 of 42 pts classified as requiring a bx had a bx, 11 of which were positive. Of the 22 pts for whom "bx was to be discussed on a case by case basis" five had a bx, which were all negative. CONCLUSIONS: Combining nodule imaging characteristics is appropriate. All @entity0 with at least one nodule measuring between 3 and 10mm should have a lung biopsy. Nodules greater than 10mm in diameter can be considered metastatic.

title: The management of pulmonary nodules at diagnosis in XXXX with @entity2 ( @entity2 ).

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) initiates and progresses in the bone marrow, and as such, the marrow microenvironment is a critical regulatory component in development of this @entity1 . However, @entity3 studies were conducted mainly on flat plastic substrates, which do not recapitulate the characteristics of marrow microenvironments. To study @entity3 in a model of in vivo relevance, we have engineered a 3-D microfluidic cell culture platform. Biologically relevant populations of primary @entity0 bone marrow stromal cells, osteoblasts and @entity0 leukemic cells representative of an @entity2 phenotype were encapsulated in 3-D collagen matrix as the minimal constituents and cultured in a microfluidic platform. The matrix stiffness and fluidic shear stress were controlled in a physiological range. The 3-D microfluidic as well as 3-D static models demonstrated coordinated cell-cell interactions between these cell types compared to the compaction of the 2-D static model. @entity1 cell viability in response to an antimetabolite chemotherapeutic agent, @entity4 in @entity1 cells alone and tri-culture models for 2-D static, 3-D static and 3-D microfluidic models were compared. The present study showed decreased chemotherapeutic drug sensitivity of leukemic cells in 3-D tri-culture models from the 2-D models. The results indicate that the bone marrow microenvironment plays a protective role in @entity1 cell survival during drug treatment. The engineered 3-D microfluidic tri-culture model enables systematic investigation of effects of cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions on @entity1 progression and therapeutic intervention in a controllable manner, thus improving our limited comprehension of the role of microenvironmental signals in @entity1 biology.

title: Three-Dimensional Microfluidic Tri-Culture Model of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment for Study of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Studies in adult animal models of transient @entity8 (HI) and @entity1 suggest that morphologic evidence of @entity3 in some regions such as striatum appears early, while in other regions such as cerebral cortex and @entity4 region of hippocampus it is delayed for few days and is referred to as delayed @entity3 (DND). Moreover, in some regions such as @entity5 / @entity6 early 'reactive' neuronal changes occur that are potentially reversible. The aim of this study was to determine whether such changes may also occur in the developing brain. To that end, unilateral cerebral HI was produced in postnatal @entity0 of 13, 21, and 30 days (p13, @entity7 , p30) by right common carotid artery ligation and @entity2 (breathing 8% O2), and their brains were examined at 24 h, 36 h, 72 h, and 96 h of recovery. The results suggest that: (i) DND is present in developing brain, but its regional distribution varies with animals' age. In cerebral cortex, it is more pronounced in p30 @entity0 than in younger animals. In hippocampus, comparison of lesions of similar severity at different age groups shows a more pronounced DND in @entity5 / @entity6 region of p13 @entity0 than in older animals, but no significant differences exist in the degree of DND in @entity4 neurons among different age groups. (ii) 'Reactive' neuronal changes characterized by reduction in Nissl staining and acidophilia of neuronal perikaryon with minimal nuclear abnormality are present at 24 h of recovery. These changes in some regions, such as in @entity4 and cortex, progress to @entity3 , while in other regions such as in @entity5 / @entity6 are potentially reversible. (iii) Recovery of reactive neurons in @entity5 / @entity6 region is age dependent in that there is significant recovery in the older age groups, but not in p13 @entity0 . The pathogenetic mechanisms of the reactive neuronal changes, the chain of events leading to DND or neuronal recovery, and the influence of age in these processes remain to be elucidated.

title: Temporal evolution of neuronal changes in @entity8 in developing XXXX : a quantitative light microscopic study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Spinal dural arteriovenous @entity3 (SDAVF) is a relatively common acquired @entity7 of the spinal cord. Assessment of a SDAVF is often difficult because of non-specific findings on non-invasive imaging modalities. Diagnosis of a SDAVF is often delayed, and some @entity0 receive unnecessary treatment and treatment delays, often resulting in a poor outcome. The aim of this study was to characterize the clinical presentation, typical imaging findings, and long-term outcome of SDAVF. Forty @entity0 (13 @entity0 , 27 @entity0 ; mean age 58.18  standard deviation 14.75years) who were treated at our hospital from June 1992 to March 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. We investigated the baseline characteristics, clinical presentation, imaging findings, treatment modalities, and outcome of the @entity0 . The most common clinical presentation was a sensory symptom (80%), followed by @entity4 (70%), and @entity8 (62.5%). Roughly one-third (32.5%) of @entity0 had a stepwise progression of fluctuating @entity4 , but the most common presentation was chronic progressive @entity6 (47.5%). Thirty-four @entity0 (85%) had T2 signal change on the spinal cord MRI, indicative of cord @entity1 . Thirty-eight @entity0 had typical perimedullary vessel flow voids on T2-weighted MRI. Twenty-eight @entity0 were treated with endovascular embolization, five @entity0 underwent surgery, and four @entity0 underwent both. Clinical outcome was determined by severity of @entity2 (p=0.008), extent of cord @entity1 (p=0.010), treatment failure (p=0.004), and a residual @entity3 (p=0.017). SDAVF causes a treatable @entity5 , so early diagnosis and intervention is essential.

title: Clinical presentation, imaging findings, and prognosis of spinal dural arteriovenous XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress and @entity8 are important elements in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases and @entity1 . Our aim was to evaluate the role of both and of antioxidant capacity in the @entity5 sequence in @entity4 . METHODS: In mucosal specimens from 59 @entity0 grouped as having symptomatic @entity3 , @entity4 , or @entity5 in the esophagus, plus controls, we measured @entity7 activity, superoxidase dismutase activity, @entity6 content, and total aromatic DNA adducts. To evaluate blood vessel densities and angioarchitecture, we used immunohistochemistry and a modified whole-mount technique. Sections were stained with endothelium-specific markers and smooth muscle cell actin. RESULTS: The @entity2 sequence revealed progressively increased oxidative stress (increased @entity7 activity), decreased antioxidant capacity ( @entity6 content), and simultaneous formation of DNA adducts. Pooled data show a negative correlation between @entity6 content and DNA adducts (-0.28; P =.05). This sequence was also characterized by increased intensity in microvessels and an increasing percentage of immature blood vessels. In addition, the whole-mount technique offered 3-dimensional evidence that the rich new vascular bed is highly abnormal, with repeated twists, bends, or turns, even in nonmalignant Barrett esophagus. CONCLUSIONS: Increased oxidative stress, decreased antioxidant capacity, and a negative correlation between @entity6 content and DNA adduct formation indicate a link between oxidative stress and @entity4 . Simultaneously, this transformation acquires angiogenic capacity, strong neovascularization, and abnormal angioarchitecture.

title: Simultaneous progression of oxidative stress and XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a serum enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins with antioxidant properties. Molecular studies of @entity1 revealed 2 polymorphic sites at @entity6 55 and 192 resulting in 2 different allozymes, the L and M-genotype at residue 55 and A and B at site 192, respectively. We have studied the association between @entity1 gene polymorphisms and the minimal change @entity4 / @entity2 (MCNS/FSGS) types of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in Kuwaiti Arab @entity0 . METHODS: The @entity1 gene, 55 and 192 polymorphisms were analyzed in 50 @entity0 with @entity5 (32 MSCN, 18 FSGS) and compared to 50 controls. Serum @entity3 , albumin and lipids were measured in all subjects. RESULTS: The LL genotype was detected in 50% of the @entity5 @entity0 compared to 48% of controls (p = 0.84). The heterozygous LM genotype was detected in 42% of @entity5 @entity0 compared 36% of controls (p = 0.68). The MM-genotype was detected in 8% of @entity5 @entity0 and 16% of controls (p = 0.35). The L-allele frequency in its homozygous and heterozygous forms was found in 71% of @entity5 @entity0 compared to 66% controls (p = 0.54). The L-allele frequency (LM and LL) was significantly higher in FSGS compared to MCNS @entity0 (p = 0.0001) and when compared to controls (p = 0.0007). All @entity0 and controls had the AA form of the 192 @entity1 gene polymorphism. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate a strong association between the L-allele of @entity1 gene 55 polymorphism with FSGS in Kuwaiti Arab @entity0 with @entity5 . @entity1 genotyping can help in the early prediction of FSGS, which might guide clinicians to a better therapeutic approach.

title: Paraoxnase1 Gene Polymorphism in Childhood XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity4 occurs in 4% to 10% of adult @entity0 and in up to 26% of @entity0 undergoing liver transplantation. @entity1 has been used to prevent this complication but may increase procedure-related and @entity2 . The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of low-dose @entity1 in the prophylaxis of @entity4 . The histories of 529 @entity0 who survived liver transplantation between September 1988 and December 1993 were reviewed retrospectively. The routine clinical practice followed until 1992 was to initiate oral @entity1 therapy on the first postoperative day (81 mg daily in adults and 40 mg daily in @entity0 ) as prophylaxis for vascular @entity4 . This was done in 354 @entity0 . @entity1 was not administered to the remaining 175 @entity0 . @entity4 occurred in 13 @entity0 treated with @entity1 (3.7%) and in 7 @entity0 not treated with @entity1 (4.0%) (P = .85). Recipient age of younger than 2 years and low donor liver weight were the only factors that predisposed the @entity0 to @entity4 . A total of 1,651 percutaneous liver biopsies were performed in this series, with 1,111 performed in @entity0 treated with @entity1 . Significant @entity3 after liver biopsy occurred in 12 @entity0 treated with @entity1 (1.1%) and in 3 @entity0 not treated with @entity1 (0.6%) (P = .29). @entity2 occurred in 66 @entity0 treated with @entity1 (18.9%) and in 23 @entity0 not treated with @entity1 (12.8%) (P = .08). Low-dose @entity1 therapy is not shown to be effective in preventing @entity4 after liver transplantation. Although @entity1 does not produce a statistically significant increase in the risk of @entity3 after liver biopsy, there is a trend toward an increased incidence of @entity2 .

title: Low-dose @entity1 therapy is associated with few side effects but does not prevent XXXX in liver transplant recipients.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychogenic non- @entity2 (PNES) or attacks consist of paroxysmal behavioural changes that resemble an @entity2 but are not associated with electrophysiological epileptic changes. They are caused by a psychopathological process and are primarily diagnosed on history and video-EEG. Clinical presentation comprises a wide range of symptoms and signs, which are individually neither totally specific nor sensitive, making positive diagnosis of PNES difficult. Consequently, PNES are often misdiagnosed as @entity2 . The aim of this study was to identify homogeneous groups of PNES based on specific combinations of clinical signs with a view to improving timely diagnosis. METHODS: The authors first retrospectively analysed 22 clinical signs of 145 PNES recorded by video-EEG in 52 @entity0 and then conducted a multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis. RESULTS: Five clusters of signs were identified and named according to their main clinical features: @entity4 with primitive gestural activity (31.6%); pauci-kinetic attack with preserved responsiveness (23.4%); pseudosyncope (16.9%); @entity1 @entity3 (11.7%); @entity3 (16.4%). When several attacks were recorded in the same @entity0 , they were automatically classified in the same subtype in 61.5% of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: This study proposes an objective clinical classification of PNES based on automatic clustering of clinical signs observed on video-EEG. It also suggests that PNES are stereotyped in the same @entity0 . Application of these findings could help provide an objective diagnosis of @entity0 with PNES.

title: Clinical classification of XXXX based on video-EEG analysis and automatic clustering.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this report is to discuss the utilization of thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD) in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) radiotherapy to: (a) compare @entity0 dose distributions for similar techniques on different machines, (b) confirm beam calibration and monitor unit calculations, (c) provide data for making clinical decisions, and (d) study reasons for variations in individual dose readings. METHODS AND MATERIALS: We report dosimetric results for 72 cases of @entity3 , using similar irradiation techniques on two different linear accelerators. All @entity0 were treated using a modified Stanford 6-field technique. In vivo TLD was done on all @entity0 , and the data for all @entity0 treated on both machines was collected into a database for analysis. Means and standard deviations (SDs) were computed for all locations. Scatter plots of doses vs. height, weight, and @entity1 index were generated, and correlation coefficients with these variables were computed. RESULTS: The TLD results show that our current @entity2 implementation is dosimetrically equivalent to the previous implementation, and that our beam calibration technique and monitor unit calculation is accurate. Correlations with @entity1 index were significant at several sites. Individual TLD results allow us to customize the boost treatment for each @entity0 , in addition to revealing @entity0 positioning problems and/or systematic variations in dose caused by @entity0 variability. The data agree well with previously published TLD results for similar @entity2 techniques. CONCLUSION: TLD is an important part of the treatment planning and quality assurance programs for @entity2 , and routine use of TLD measurements for @entity2 is recommended.

title: Utilization of thermoluminescent dosimetry in @entity2 radiotherapy of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: @entity3 ( @entity3 ), an early and frequent event of @entity6 ( @entity6 ), is characterized by reduced contractility irrespective of enhanced adrenergic stimulation. Phosphoinositide-3 kinase y (PI3Ky) is known to prevent b-adrenergic overstimulation via its scaffold function by activating major cardiac phosphodiesterases and restricting @entity2 levels. However, the role of PI3Ky in @entity6 -induced @entity3 is unknown. This study is aimed at determining the specific role of lipid kinase-dependent and -independent functions of PI3Ky in the pathogenesis of @entity6 -induced @entity3 . METHODS AND RESULTS: PI3Ky knockout @entity0 (PI3Ky(-/-)), @entity0 expressing catalytically inactive PI3Ky (PI3Ky( @entity4 / @entity4 )) and wild type @entity0 (P3Ky(+/+)) were exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced systemic @entity1 and assessed for survival, cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) function and left ventricular performance. Additionally, primary adult cardiomyocytes were used to analyze PI3Ky effects on myocardial contractility and inflammatory response. @entity6 -induced adrenergic overstimulation induced a transient hypercontractility state in PI3Ky(-/-) @entity0 followed by reduced contractility. In contrast, P3Ky(+/+) @entity0 and PI3Ky( @entity4 / @entity4 ) @entity0 developed an early and ongoing @entity3 despite exposure to similarly increased @entity7 levels. Compared to cells from P3Ky(+/+) and PI3Ky( @entity4 / @entity4 ) @entity0 cardiomyocytes from PI3Ky(-/-) @entity0 showed an enhanced and prolonged @entity2 -mediated signaling upon @entity5 and an intensified LPS-induced proinflammatory response characterized by NFAT-mediated @entity8 upregulation. CONCLUSIONS: This study reveals the lipid kinase-independent scaffold function of PI3Ky as a mediator of @entity3 during @entity1 -induced @entity6 . Activation of cardiac phosphodiesterases via PI3Ky is shown to restrict @entity3 early after @entity6 induction as well as the subsequent inflammatory responses.

title: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase gamma controls XXXX -induced @entity3 via sequential @entity2 - and @entity8 - signaling.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity14 ( @entity14 , Incel) restores drug sensitivity to cells expressing @entity9 ( @entity15 ). @entity13 is expressed in a high proportion of @entity5 while @entity9 expression is variable. Since @entity12 (M) and @entity3 (P) are substrates for MDR transporters, we initiated a study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of @entity14 plus M/P in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity0 had progressive @entity5 (defined as new lesions, new disease-related @entity2 , or 50% increase in PSA within 6 weeks of entry), @entity4 <30 ng/ml, no prior chemotherapy, ECOG performance status of 0-3, and adequate organ function. @entity0 received @entity14 (120 mg/m(2) per h) as a 72-h continuous intravenous infusion with intravenous bolus @entity12 (12 mg/m(2)) administered 4 h after @entity14 was started and @entity3 (5 mg twice daily) administered throughout the study treatment. Endpoints included serum PSA response, PSA response duration, time to PSA progression, @entity2 reduction, and quality of life measures. RESULTS: Enrolled in the study were 40 @entity0 and 184 courses of @entity14 plus M/P were administered. Intensive pharmacokinetics, which were performed on six @entity0 who received one cycle of M/P alone, followed by @entity14 plus M/P for all other cycles, showed that @entity14 did not alter @entity12 clearance. @entity14 blood concentration at the time of @entity12 administration averaged 4.52 microg/ml. @entity14 plus M/P was well tolerated. @entity8 and mild @entity10 were the principal treatment @entity1 . Five @entity0 experienced an uncomplicated febrile neutropenic episode (12%), three had severe @entity6 / @entity7 , and two experienced transient moderate to severe @entity11 . Of the 40 @entity0 , 12 (30%, 95% confidence interval 16-44%) had a reduction in PSA of >/=50% and 9 of the 12 @entity0 (23% overall, 95% CI 10-35%) achieved a reduction in PSA of >/=80% that was sustained for the duration of treatment with M/P plus @entity14 . The median time to PSA progression was 41 weeks (95% CI 34-68 weeks). Of the 40 @entity0 , 15 completed treatment with stable disease and 13 had progressive disease with increasing serum PSA during study treatment. Median survival was 48 weeks for the intent-to-treat population of 40 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The addition of @entity14 to M/P therapy did not appear to increase the proportion of @entity0 with significant serum PSA reductions compared to M/P alone. However, the duration of PSA response observed for the 12 PSA responders suggests that MDR inhibition may benefit some @entity0 with @entity5 . In addition to @entity13 or @entity9 expression, other mechanisms of drug resistance are probably associated with the relative insensitivity of @entity5 to cytotoxic therapy.

title: Safety and efficacy of the MDR inhibitor Incel (biricodar, XXXX ) in combination with @entity12 and @entity3 in @entity5 .

answer: @entity14


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the osteogenic capability of the construct combined @entity2 's bone stromal cells with active porous @entity1 cement (A-PCPC) in @entity0 in vivo. METHODS: Isolated bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) were expanded and osteogenically induced in vitro. Their osteogenic phenotype was evaluated by cytochemistry. The tissue engineering complex was constructed with BMSCs/A-PCPC in vitro. After SEM scanning, the complex of BMSCs/A-PCPC was implanted into the subcutaneous tissue of the @entity0 as experimental group, and A-PCPC as control group. The engineered bone was harvested 2,4,8weeks post-implantation and processed for HE staining, then evaluated by histology and histomorphometry. RESULTS: Cytochemistry showed alkaline phosphate activity, Von Kossa staining proved the formation of mineralization nodules. Scanning electron microscopy showed the cells adhered to the inner surface of the A-PCPC. HE staining showed a small group of woven bone formation 2 weeks later in the experimental group, while the formation of bone less in the control group. Woven bone turned into trabecular bone gradually at 4 weeks in the experimental group, while the control group showed a large number of bone-like tissue. Histomorphometry showed more mature bone in the experimental group than the control group at 8 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The A-PCPC/BMSCs composites show @entity3 and could promote mineralization of the immature bone. It can be used as the bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Supported by Innovation Fund for Science and Technology Development of Pudong New District(Grant No. PKJ2009-Y19).

title: [Experimental study of subcutaneous osteogenesis by bone marrow stromal cells with A-PCPC in XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effects of posteroventral pallidotomy on both the size of long-latency stretch reflex (LLR) and the @entity1 in the wrist flexor muscles. @entity0 AND METHODS: Eleven consecutive @entity0 (right-handed, 6 @entity0 and 5 @entity0 ) underwent left-side microelectrode-guided pallidotomy. The LLR of the contralesional forearm was studied at baseline and 2-3 months after surgery while @entity0 continued to take their optimal medical regimens ('on' period). @entity0 were instructed not to respond to the perturbation (passive mode) or to oppose the mechanical extensor perturbation (active mode). RESULTS: The stretch reflex evoked by extension perturbations of the wrist consisted of a short-latency reflex (M1) and an LLR (M2). Pallidotomy had no effects on the size of M1 components in both passive and active mode and on that of M2 component in the passive mode, however, it significantly reduced M2 component in the active mode (P<0.05). The inherent @entity1 over 60 ms period of mechanical stretch was not influenced by pallidotomy in any experimental @entity2 (preoperative vs. postoperative or passive mode vs. active mode). The hand displacement following M2 component increased significantly after pallidotomy in both passive (P<0.005) and active mode (P<0.05). The inverted value of the displacement following M2 component correlated with the size of M2 component (r=0.60, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Pallidotomy decreased the transcortical reflex gain, probably at cortical level, and consequently reduced @entity1 .

title: Relation between changes in long-latency stretch reflexes and XXXX in Parkinson's disease--comparison before and after unilateral pallidotomy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Vena cavasuperior syndrome is a well-known complication to ventriculoatrial shunts in @entity0 and adults. The basis for this is @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A @entity0 with @entity3 had a ventriculoatrial shunt in his first month of life. More than 30 years later he developed @entity4 following abdominal surgery. Diagnostic venography revealed @entity2 in the proximal veins of his arms, neck and vena cava superior. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION: He was treated with catheter-directed thrombolysis with antegrade infusion of alteplase (Actilyse). Evaluation of thrombolytic treatment after one day revealed a significant stenosis in the superior caval vein in the same area as the shunt had ended. Venoplasty and stent implantation were performed, and an intraluminal diameter of 10 mm was reached. Complete thrombolysis was achieved after 48 hours' infusion of alteplase. His swellings subsided the following two weeks and control venography 6 months later showed no signs of rethrombosis or @entity1 . His life-threatening condition was successfully treated with local thrombolytic therapy, venoplasty and stent implantation.

title: [Local thrombolysis with stent implantation in a XXXX with @entity4 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to determine whether nonprotective, convalescent pneumococcal serotype-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) concentrations in @entity0 with invasive @entity1 (IPD) might be associated with an underlying @entity4 . METHODS: The first 200 convalescent blood samples from @entity0 with IPD that were submitted for pneumococcal antibody testing also had total serum IgG concentrations measured. Pneumococcal IgG testing was performed for 12 serotypes (1, 3, 5, 7, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, @entity5 , 19F, and 23F); serotype-specific pneumococcal IgG concentrations <0.35  g/mL were considered nonprotective. @entity4 was defined as total serum IgG >= 2 standard deviations below the mean for age. RESULTS: Nineteen of 172 @entity0 (11.0%) with sufficient serum had @entity4 although serum IgG concentrations were only marginally below the lower limit for age and all 19 had IgG concentrations >2.0 g/L. @entity4 was associated with younger age at disease (median, 5.2 [interquartile range, 2.3-13.5] vs. 12.5 [7.4-17.0] months; P = 0.005) and nonprotective convalescent antibody concentrations against the infecting serotype (10/13 [77%] vs. 51/105 [49%]; P = 0.05). There was a correlation between @entity4 and the number of serotypes against which @entity0 had nonprotective pneumococcal antibody concentrations, particularly among vaccinated cases (P < 0.05). Vaccine failure was also twice as common among those with @entity4 (3/19 [16%] vs. 11/53 [7%], P = 0.20), although this association was not statistically significant. Three children with @entity4 who were retested 3 to 5 months later had normal serum IgG concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Although 11% of @entity0 with IPD had @entity4 , total serum IgG concentrations were reassuringly only marginally below the reference range and were within the normal range in those who were retested, suggesting a @entity3 rather than a serious underlying @entity2 .

title: Immunoglobulin G deficiency in United kingdom XXXX with invasive @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac involvement is a major cause of mortality in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). However, diagnosis remains underestimated and delayed, owing to subclinical @entity1 . Cardiac troponin-I measurement ( @entity7 ) on admission could improve the early diagnosis of cardiac involvement and have prognostic value. OBJECTIVES: To assess the predictive value of @entity7 in @entity0 with @entity6 for @entity2 or refractoriness. @entity0 /METHODS: The study involved a prospective cohort of adult @entity6 @entity0 with acquired severe @entity5 deficiency (<  10%) and included in the registry of the French Reference Center for @entity8 . Centralized @entity7 measurements were performed on frozen serum on admission. RESULTS: Between January 2003 and December 2011, 133 @entity0 with @entity6 (mean age, 48      17  years) had available @entity7 measurements on admission. Thirty-two @entity0 (24%) had clinical and/or electrocardiogram features. Nineteen (14.3%) had cardiac symptoms, mainly @entity4 and @entity3 . Electrocardiogram changes, mainly repolarization disorders, were present in 13 cases. An increased @entity7 level (>  0.1   g  L(-1) ) was present in 78 @entity0 (59%), of whom 46 (59%) had no clinical cardiac involvement. The main outcomes were @entity2 (25%) and refractoriness (17%). Age (P  =  0.02) and @entity7 level (P  =  0.002) showed the greatest impact on survival. A @entity7 level of >  0.25   g  L(-1) was the only independent factor in predicting @entity2 (odds ratio [OR]  2.87; 95% confidence interval [CI]  1.13-7.22; P  =  0.024) and/or refractoriness (OR  3.03; 95%  CI  1.27-7.3; P  =  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A @entity7 level of >  0.25   g  L(-1) at presentation in @entity0 with @entity6 appears to be an independent factor associated with a three-fold increase in the risk of @entity2 or refractoriness. Therefore, @entity7 level should be considered as a prognostic indicator in @entity0 diagnosed with @entity6 .

title: Cardiac troponin-I on diagnosis predicts @entity2 and refractoriness in acquired @entity6 . Experience of the French XXXX Reference Center.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 is an uncommon disease with poor prognosis. Therefore, characteristics and treatment strategies for @entity2 should be elucidated sufficiently, not only for surgery, but also for chemotherapy. @entity0 AND METHODS: Medical records were abstracted to identify @entity0 with @entity2 who were treated at the Iizuka Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan, between 2004 and 2014. The results of surgical treatment for stage II/III cases and the efficacy of chemotherapy for unresectable stage IV cases were investigated. RESULTS: The median @entity1 size was 25.6  19.2 mm, and @entity1 size was not associated with primary symptoms. Nine of the @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity1 and underwent surgical resection. The other three @entity0 were diagnosed with stage IV disease, and two out of those three cases received definitive chemotherapy. In two out of the nine resected cases, recurrence was observed; however, surgical resection of the recurrent @entity1 was associated with a good prognosis. In stage IV cases that received chemotherapy, survival durations of over 11 months were achieved. In contrast, overall survival in the stage IV case without chemotherapy was 3.3 months. CONCLUSION: Curative resection and definitive chemotherapy for unresectable cases are effective treatment strategies for @entity2 .

title: Characteristics and Treatment Strategies for XXXX in @entity1 Cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity13 ( @entity14 ) is a @entity15 antagonist used in high doses as an anti- @entity1 treatment and in low doses for the treatment of some @entity10 . @entity14 use has been linked to oxidative imbalance, which may cause @entity3 that can be attenuated by antioxidant supplementation. Despite the oxidative effect of @entity14 , the influence of antioxidant gene polymorphisms on @entity14 @entity3 is not well studied. Therefore, we analyzed here whether a genetic imbalance of the @entity11 -dependent @entity4 dismutase ( @entity17 ) gene could have some impact on the @entity14 cytotoxic response. An in vitro study using @entity0 peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from carriers with different @entity18 - @entity17 genotypes (AA, VV and AV) was carried out, and the effect on cell viability and proliferation was analyzed, as well as the effect on oxidative, inflammatory and apoptotic markers. AA-PBMCs that present higher @entity17 efficiencies were more resistance to high @entity14 doses (10 and 100   M) than were the VV and AV genotypes. Both lipoperoxidation and ROS levels increased significantly in PBMCs exposed to @entity14 independent of @entity18 - @entity17 genotypes, whereas @entity2 was observed only in PBMCs from V allele carriers. The AA-PBMCs exposed to @entity14 showed decreasing @entity17 activity, but a concomitant up regulation of the @entity17 gene was observed. A significant increase in @entity16 peroxidase (GPX) levels was observed in all PBMCs exposed to @entity14 . However, this effect was more intense in AA-PBMCs. @entity19 levels were increased in cells exposed to @entity14 , but the modulation of these genes, as well as that of the @entity7 and @entity6 genes involved in the apoptosis pathway, presented a modulation that was dependent on the @entity17 genotype. @entity14 at a concentration of 10   M also increased inflammatory cytokines ( @entity12 , @entity8 , @entity5 and Igy) and decreased the level of @entity9 anti-inflammatory cytokine, independent of @entity17 genetic background. The results suggest that potential pharmacogenetic effect on the cytotoxic response to @entity14 due differential redox status of cells carriers different @entity17 genotypes.

title: XXXX -Related Response on @entity0 Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells May Be Modulated by the @entity18 - @entity17 Gene Polymorphism.

answer: @entity13


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the validities of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and @entity2 positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG PET/CT) in preoperative @entity5 . METHODS: Pathologic results of @entity3 and paraaortic and pelvic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) areas were compared with the preoperative image findings. Differences in the validity parameters of both images were compared using McNemar test. RESULTS: For detecting @entity3 (n=56), the sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value for @entity2 PET/CT versus MRI were 98.1% versus 98.1% (P=1.000), 33.3% versus 100% (P=0.157), 94.6% versus 98.2% (P=0.500), 96.3% versus 100%, and 50% versus 75%, respectively. For paraaortic @entity4 areas, the values were 77.8% versus 51.9% (P=0.016), 90.2% versus 100% (P=0.025), 85.9% versus 83.3% (P=0.774), 80.8% versus 100%, and 88.5% versus 79.7%, respectively. For pelvic @entity4 areas, the values were 61.1% versus 50% (P=0.125), 86.8% versus 89.5% (P=0.727), 78.6% versus 76.8% (P=0.774), 68.8% versus 69.2%, and 82.5% versus 79.1%, respectively. For extrauterine disease, the @entity0 -based values for @entity2 PET/CT were 100%, 78.9%, 85.7%, 69.2%, and 100%, respectively. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with @entity5 , @entity6 -FDG PET/CT is comparable to MRI in detecting primary uterine lesions. For predicting @entity4 @entity1 , though @entity2 PET/CT might be insufficient for replacing lymphadenectomy or MRI, it might allow lymphadenectomy to be omitted in poor surgical candidates. For detecting extrauterine @entity1 , it could also be useful to identify unsuspected disease.

title: Comparison of MRI and @entity6 -FDG PET/CT in the preoperative XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: The BL6 subline was derived from the @entity3 line, which was derived from the B16 @entity0 @entity1 cell line. BL6 cells are more invasive than @entity3 cells and differ genetically from @entity3 cells by an alteration of the gene encoding the B56gamma regulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 2A ( @entity2 ). This alteration results in the transcription of mRNA encoding a truncated variant of the B56gamma1 isoform (Delta-gamma-1). Delta-gamma-1 is capable of targeting @entity2 to the specific subcellular sites but incapable of promoting the dephosphorylation of specific substrates that is normally mediated by the B56gamma subunit-containing @entity2 holoenzyme. It thus appears that activities of this type of holoenzymes decrease in cells expressing Delta-gamma-1. Recently, we found two possible ways how Delta-gamma-1 contributes to the enhanced metastatic potential of BL6 cells. The two ways seemed far away from each other: Delta-gamma-1 influenced both the nuclear and cytoplasmic functions of the cell. In the cytoplasm, Delta-gamma-1 localized at the Golgi complex and accelerated Golgi-mediated vesicle transport. On the other hand, Delta-gamma-1 disturbed the cell-cycle regulation. In response to gamma-irradiation, protein levels of Delta-gamma-1 were markedly increased in BL6 cells. Subsequently the integrity of cell-cycle checkpoint became more aberrant in BL6 cells than that in @entity3 cells. These two actions of Delta-gamma-1 could results in the enhancement of the malignant phenotypes of @entity1 cells, as discussed in this review.

title: A mutation in protein phosphatase type 2A as a cause of XXXX progression.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Development of novel anti- @entity1 drug leads that target regulators of protein homeostasis is a formidable task in modern pharmacology. Finding specific inhibitors of @entity0 @entity3 Factor 1 ( @entity7 ) has proven to be a challenging task, while screening for inhibitors of @entity0 @entity4 ( @entity8 ) has never been described. We report the development of a novel system based on an in vivo cell growth restoration assay designed to identify specific inhibitors of @entity0 @entity8 in a high-throughput format. This system utilizes a humanized @entity2 in which the master regulator of molecular chaperone genes, @entity2 HSF, has been replaced with @entity8 with no detrimental effect on cell growth. This replacement preserves the general regulatory patterns of genes encoding major molecular chaperones including @entity5 and @entity6 . The controlled overexpression of @entity8 creates a slow-growth phenotype, which is the basis of the growth restoration assay used for high-throughput screening. The phenotype is most robust when cells are cultured at 25   C, while incubation at temperatures greater than 30   C leads to compensation of the phenotype. Overexpression of @entity8 causes overexpression of molecular chaperones which is a likely cause of the slowed growth. Our assay is characterized by two unique advantages. First, screening takes place in physiologically relevant, in vivo conditions. Second, hits in our screen will be of medically relevant potency, as compounds that completely inhibit @entity8 function will further inhibit cell growth and therefore will not be scored as hits. This caveat biases our screening system for compounds capable of restoring @entity8 activity to a physiologically normal level without completely inhibiting this essential system.

title: High-throughput screening system for inhibitors of @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity9 continues to present problems when attempting to predict disease progression. This study attempts to identify markers indicative of the biological characteristics of cells isolated from samples of @entity9 , including adhesion ( @entity8 ), immune reactivity (MHC Class I and II), cell cycle control ( @entity7 , @entity4 ) and apoptosis control ( @entity5 , @entity6 ) using dual parameter (DNA/MoAb) flow cytometry. METHODS: Sixty-three fresh tissue samples from @entity3 were taken at enucleation. Samples were assayed for DNA content and cell cycle, the above antibodies together with positive (PHM-5) and negative (2 degrees FITC Ab) controls. The clinical parameters sex, age, @entity2 location, cell type, @entity2 volume and presence of @entity1 were compared with the results and analysed with the non-parametric Mann-Whitney U-t-test. RESULTS: @entity8 expression proved to be the most clinically relevant, being present on a higher proportion of cells in @entity2 > 2000 mm3 (median 38, n = 19) compared with the smaller @entity2 < 2000 mm3 (median 17, n = 26) (p = 0.0015). @entity1 was present in 11 @entity0 and did not correlate with any of the surface markers. @entity4 , @entity7 and MHC Class II expression were associated with cell type, all showing greater expression in spindle cell @entity2 than mixed/epithelial types. CONCLUSION: These results show flow cytometry as a quick, easy method to provide a 'phenotypic profile' for these @entity2 , and identifies cell cycle control and adhesion molecule expression as important areas for further investigation. @entity7 and @entity5 positivity was typically seen on over 60% cells in each sample, indicating two potential targets for therapeutic intervention.

title: The correlation between cell surface markers and clinical features in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extralevator abdominoperineal resection had oncologic superiority with reduced local recurrence and improving survival rates. However, extended perineal resection resulted in complicated perineal reconstructions. Therefore, a new surgical technique to overcome previous limitations is required. This study aims to demonstrate a surgical procedure and outcomes of the modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection, which satisfies both an extended cylindrical resection and a convenient perineal wound closure by modification of the surgical dissection plane. METHODS: From September 2011 to February 2014, 12 consecutive @entity0 (five males and seven females) who underwent the modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection for @entity1 were evaluated. Intraoperative and postoperative outcomes were assessed. Pathologic outcomes were evaluated for the oncologic results. RESULTS: The mean age was 55.3      15.1  years, and body mass index was 21.8      3.1  kg/m(2). Ten @entity0 (83.3  %) received preoperative chemoradiotherapy. The operations were performed by five cases of laparoscopic surgery, six cases of open surgery and one case of robotic surgery. The mean operation time was 258.8      58.0  min. There were no conversions and no @entity1 perforations. Days to first soft diet was 4.7      3.4  days, and the mean hospital stay was 11.2      4.7  days. @entity2 were two cases of grade I, two cases of grade II and one case of grade III. There was one @entity0 (8.3  %) with a positive circumferential resection margin, and there was one case of local recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: The modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection was feasible and safe for @entity0 with @entity1 with extended perineal dissection and convenient direct wound closure.

title: Short-term outcomes of the modified extralevator abdominoperineal resection for XXXX (with videos).

answer: @entity1


abstract: In the last years, endomyocardial biopsy has become a useful diagnostic tool for the investigation and treatment of @entity2 . Mainly, its role is irreplaceable for the diagnosis of @entity5 . However, its routine use is criticized by some authors for the lack of therapeutic usefulness. Actual techniques enable to perform multiple drawings of tissue samples from both ventricles with low incidence of procedural complications. However, in consideration of the invasivity of the procedure, it is fundamental a correct selection of @entity0 to undergo endomyocardial biopsy. In addition to some particular clinical contexts (after heart transplantation, specific @entity2 ), the more frequent indication to endomyocardial biopsy is suspected @entity5 in @entity0 with "major" symptoms (recent-onset @entity3 with relevant left @entity1 , sustained @entity4 ). In such cases, the correct analysis of tissue samples represents an important question to answer. The information derived from endomyocardial biopsy is increased by the number of methodologies that we apply. For this reason, it is necessary that traditional histology is followed by immunohistochemical, ultrastructural and molecular biological techniques, which can increase the accuracy of the analysis. About the therapeutic perspectives, endomyocardial biopsy has a role in few clinical cases, according to the persistent perplexity about the therapy of active @entity5 . However, we have to underline that in selected cases endomyocardial biopsy represents a useful method for a correct prognostic and therapeutic evaluation.

title: [Dilated XXXX : indication and role of endomyocardial biopsy].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 / @entity3 in utero can result in @entity4 to the fetus and newborn. Antenatal @entity5 are a routine part of the management of @entity0 who develop @entity13 . Pretreatment of young postnatal @entity2 with @entity8 before @entity7 / @entity3 insults has been reported to attenuate @entity9 . However, the effects of antenatal @entity5 on @entity12 in fetuses have not been investigated. OBJECTIVE: We examined the effects of maternally administered antenatal corticosteroids on @entity12 in near-term ovine fetuses. METHODS: Chronically instrumented fetuses at 122 days of gestation were studied 12 h after the last of four 4 mg @entity8 , or placebo injections were given over 48 h to the ewes. Groups were @entity8 / @entity3 , placebo/ @entity3 and sham-treated control. Fetuses were exposed to 30 min of @entity6 ( @entity3 ) or no occlusion (control) and 72 h of reperfusion. Whole brain coronal sections stained with Luxol fast blue- @entity10 - @entity11 were scored for white matter and cerebral cortical lesions. Both areas received pathological scores of 0 to 5 reflecting the degree of injury (0=0%, 1=1-10%, 2=11-50%, 3=51-90%, 4=91-99% and 5=100%). Bilateral carotid blood flow also was measured before, during and after @entity12 in the @entity8 / @entity3 and placebo/ @entity3 groups. RESULTS: White matter (WM) and cerebral cortical scores did not differ between the @entity8 / @entity3 and placebo/ @entity3 (WM: 3.0+/-1.9 and 2.9+/-1.7; cortex: 3.1+/-1.7 and 2.6+/-1.8, mean+/-S.D.) groups. White matter and cerebral cortical scores were higher in the @entity8 / @entity3 (WM: 3.0+/-1.9, P<0.02; cortex: 3.1+/-1.7, P<0.005) and placebo/ @entity3 (WM: 2.9+/-1.7, P<0.006; cortex: 2.6+/-1.8, P<0.007) than control (WM: 0.2+/-0.4; cortex: 0.2+/-0.4) group. Carotid blood flow was relatively higher (P<0.05) after 24, 48 and 72 h of reperfusion in the @entity8 / @entity3 than placebo/ @entity3 group. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that maternal pretreatment with antenatal @entity8 did not attenuate @entity12 in the fetus, and that carotid blood flow was higher during reperfusion in fetuses of @entity8 than placebo-treated ewes, most likely secondary to decreases in arterial @entity1 tension.

title: Effects of antenatal XXXX on @entity12 in near-term ovine fetuses.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cognitive changes during the preclinical phase of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity3 have been characterized among European Americans (EAs), but studies of preclinical changes among @entity4 ( @entity4 ) are notably absent. METHODS: Preclinical changes in cognition before the development of @entity2 and mild @entity1 over a period of 18 years were examined using change points in a biracial sample of 2,125 older adults. RESULTS: Of 2,125 @entity0 , 442 (21%) developed @entity2 and 661 (31%) developed mild @entity1 . A @entity1 point occurred between 4 and 5 years before the clinical diagnosis of @entity2 . Differences between @entity4 and EAs were observed: EAs had a higher starting level of composite cognitive function, and a change point occurred 4.3 years before @entity2 among @entity4 and 4.7 years among EAs. The slope of @entity1 after the change point among those developing clinical @entity2 was significantly greater among EAs (0.233 units/y) than among @entity4 (0.171 units/y; p < .001). This difference in slope of @entity1 persisted after diagnosis of @entity2 so that at the conclusion of observation the difference in average cognitive level was reversed. @entity4 without @entity1 had a lower average baseline of cognition than EAs, but the slopes of @entity1 were similar. CONCLUSIONS: A prominent change to a steeper slope of @entity1 occurs between 4 and 5 years prior to the diagnosis of @entity2 . The slope of @entity1 after the change point is steeper among EAs than @entity4 .

title: A Cognitive Turning Point in Development of Clinical Alzheimer's Disease @entity3 and Mild XXXX : A Biracial Population Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early prediction of disease severity in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the body-mass index (BMI), plasma @entity4 , @entity5 and ghrelin levels as potential markers predicting @entity1 and severity in @entity2 . METHODS: In the study period, 97 consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 were prospectively analysed. Severe @entity2 was defined according to the Atlanta Criteria. BMI was also calculated. To measure plasma @entity4 , @entity5 and Ghrelin concentrations, the blood samples were obtained from @entity0 within 24 hours of admission. RESULTS: Out of 97 @entity0 , 92(70 females, 22 males) were considered eligible for analysis. Of the 92 @entity0 , 30 @entity0 (32.6%) were assessed as severe @entity3 . BMI and @entity4 levels were significantly higher in @entity0 with severe @entity3 . The pooled sensitivity and specificity of BMI as a predictor for the development of @entity1 were 0.90(95%CI  =  0.56-0.99) and 0.70(95%CI  =  0.58-0.79), respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.78.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of @entity4 levels as a predictor for development of @entity1 were 1(95%CI  =  0.69-1) and 0.73(95%CI  =  0.62-0.82),respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.82. @entity5 and ghrelin levels showed no significant difference in @entity0 with mild @entity3 (6.97      0.84  ng/ml and 2.3(1.0-9.9);respectively) and severe @entity3 (6.74      0.65  ng/ml and 2.0(1.9-9.9); respectively) (p  =  0.1923 and 0.8531;respectively). CONCLUSION: BMI and plasma @entity4 levels both were correlated with the severity of @entity3 . @entity4 levels showed better area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity values compared to BMI in prediction of @entity1 . @entity5 and ghrelin levels were not found to be predictors of the severity of disease.

title: The potential role of BMI, plasma @entity4 , XXXX and ghrelin levels in the early detection of @entity1 and severe @entity2 : a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unknown how in-hospital @entity2 (IHCA) rates vary across hospitals and predictors of variability. OBJECTIVES: Measure variability in IHCA across hospitals and determine if hospital-level factors predict differences in case-mix adjusted event rates. RESEARCH DESIGN: Get with the Guidelines Resuscitation (GWTG-R) (n=433 hospitals) was used to identify IHCA events between 2003 and 2007. The American Hospital Association survey, Medicare, and US Census were used to obtain detailed information about GWTG-R hospitals. @entity0 : Adult @entity0 with IHCA. MEASURES: Case-mix-adjusted predicted IHCA rates were calculated for each hospital and variability across hospitals was compared. A regression model was used to predict case-mix adjusted event rates using hospital measures of volume, nurse-to-bed ratio, percent intensive care unit beds, palliative care services, urban designation, volume of black @entity0 , income, @entity1 designation, academic designation, cardiac surgery capability, and a @entity0 risk score. RESULTS: We evaluated 103,117 adult IHCAs at 433 US hospitals. The case-mix adjusted IHCA event rate was highly variable across hospitals, median 1/1000 bed days (interquartile range: 0.7 to 1.3 events/1000 bed days). In a multivariable regression model, case-mix adjusted IHCA event rates were highest in urban hospitals [rate ratio (RR), 1.1; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0-1.3; P=0.03] and hospitals with higher proportions of black @entity0 (RR, 1.2; 95% CI, 1.0-1.3; P=0.01) and lower in larger hospitals (RR, 0.54; 95% CI, 0.45-0.66; P<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Case-mix adjusted IHCA event rates varied considerably across hospitals. Several hospital factors associated with higher IHCA event rates were consistent with factors often linked with lower hospital quality of care.

title: Variability in case-mix adjusted in-hospital XXXX rates.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Objective. The purpose of this study was to determine whether race day @entity3 was related to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in competitive male cyclists. A secondary purpose was to determine additional factors associated with @entity1 in competitive male cyclists. Methods. Measurements of lumbar spine and hip @entity1 were performed in 35 male competitors in a state championship cycling time trial event. Salivary @entity3 was measured 10 minutes prior to the start of the race and 5 minutes after race finished. @entity0 reported daily @entity2 intake, age, years of bike training, races per season, and average weekly minutes spent riding a bike, weight training, and running on a survey. Results. @entity3 level increased significantly from pre- to postcompetition but was not significantly associated with @entity1 . Increased weekly minutes of weight training was associated with higher @entity1 of the lumbar spine and the hip. The increased number of years of cycling experience was associated with lower @entity1 . Increased daily @entity2 intake was associated with higher @entity1 of the lumbar spine and femoral neck. Conclusions. Findings indicate that cyclists should participate in weight training and increase @entity2 intake in order to increase or maintain @entity1 of the lumbar spine and hip.

title: The Relationship between XXXX and Bone Mineral Density in Competitive Male Cyclists.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity7 are @entity4 that express and secrete prolactin. These @entity0 are overweight and the mechanisms are being studied. GOALS: assess nutritional and metabolic status of overweight @entity0 with and without @entity8 caused by @entity7 and compare them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: cross-sectional study, @entity0 with body mass index (BMI) >=  25 kg/m2 with and without @entity7 : 1) 20 normoprolactinemic (NPrl) with @entity7 ; 2) 23 hyperprolactinemic (HPrl) with @entity7 ; 3) 28 controls without @entity7 or alterations in prolactin levels. Evaluated through anthropometric, dietetics, and biochemical assessment. RESULTS: of the 71 @entity0 evaluated, most were @entity1 @entity0 with @entity7 . All three groups had diets with low caloric and @entity10 ( @entity10 ) intake, the NPrl group had low @entity6 ( @entity3 ) intake and high @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and @entity11 ( @entity11 ) intake, and the NPrl and HPrl groups had appropriate intake of @entity5 ( @entity9 ). The HPrl group had elevated total @entity2 . HDL @entity2 was below the recommended threshold for most @entity0 . No statistically significant differences were found in anthropometric and biochemical variables among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: most @entity0 with @entity7 and controls are @entity1 and metabolically similar regardless of prolactin levels. All groups presented low caloric and @entity10 intake. Protein, @entity12 , @entity11 , and @entity2 were significantly different among the groups, the NPrl group ingested less amount of protein and greater of fat. Snacking between meals and changes of food consumption on weekends was reported by most @entity0 . This is the first study comparing @entity0 with @entity7 and controls, both with overweight, regarding food consumption and feeding behavior.

title: NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLIC ASSESSMENT IN OVERWEIGHT XXXX WITH AND WITHOUT HYPERPROLACTINEMIA CAUSED BY PROLACTINOMA.

answer: @entity0


abstract: A @entity1 model of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) during anesthesia was generated to investigate the potential role and possible mechanism of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and recombinant @entity0 @entity6 (rhKGF-2) in protecting anesthetized @entity1 against @entity7 . A total of 50 male SD @entity1 were randomly divided into 5 groups (N = 10 each): control, @entity7 , @entity5 , rhKGF-2, and @entity5 + rhKGF-2. The @entity7 (model) group was generated via ventilation, with a tidal volume of 20 mL/kg. @entity1 in the @entity5 and rhKGF-2 groups received 8 mg/kg @entity8 mg/kg rhKGF-2, respectively, prior to ventilation. The @entity1 in the @entity5 + rhKGF-2 group received both 8 mg/kg @entity8 mg/kg rhKGF-2 72 h before ventilation. The total number of nucleated cells and neutrophils in the bronchial alveolar lavage fluid was quantified, and the pathological changes in the pulmonary tissues examined by @entity2 and @entity3 staining. The transcript and protein levels of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in lung tissues were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. The @entity4 mRNA expression in both @entity5 and rhKGF-2 groups was similar to that in the @entity7 group. However, this was significantly elevated in the combined treatment group (P < 0.05), indicating that @entity5 and rhKGF-2 could synergistically protect the lung tissue from @entity7 via the enhancement of @entity4 mRNA expression in lung tissues. The protein assay showed a decreased level of infiltration and activation of inflammatory cells, in addition to increased expression of @entity4 , thereby confirming the efficacy of this treatment in preventing @entity7 during anesthesia.

title: Protective effect of interleukin-10 and recombinant @entity0 XXXX on @entity7 in @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study investigated the outcomes of @entity1 and @entity2 stabilized with a novel threaded cannulated device. This was a retrospective study of 24 distal radius fractures treated with the T- @entity3 device (Union Surgical LLC, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania), with a minimum of 1 year of postoperative follow-up. Outcome data included wrist range of motion, grip strength, and pinch strength. Radiographs were analyzed to determine volar tilt and radial height. At final follow-up, @entity0 completed the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) questionnaire. At an average of 2 years after surgery (range, 1-4 years), flexion was 89%, extension was 96%, supination was 99%, and pronation was 100% of contralateral wrist motion. Grip strength was 93% (range, 40%-137%) and lateral pinch strength was 99% (range, 48%-130%) of the contralateral upper extremity. The average final DASH score was 4.4 (range, 0-35). One @entity0 lost 6 mm of radial height from the initial postoperative radiograph to the final follow-up radiograph. One @entity0 elected to have the quiescent threaded pins removed, and 1 @entity0 had tenderness with wrist range of motion that resolved after @entity3 removal. After hardware removal, neither @entity0 had further symptoms. No postoperative soft tissue complications occurred, and this was an expected benefit of the minimally invasive approach and intramedullary placement of the device. The stability of fixation allows @entity0 to begin active range of motion early in the postoperative course. The threaded @entity3 offers reliable @entity1 fixation for the treatment of extra-articular and simple articular distal radius fractures. [Orthopedics. 2016; 39(1):e98-e103.].

title: XXXX Fixation With the Specialized Threaded @entity3 Device.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 -specific @entity0 induced-pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) represent important cell sources to treat @entity0 with acquired @entity6 . To realize the therapeutic potential of hiPSCs, it is crucial to understand signals that direct hiPSC differentiation to a hematopoietic lineage fate. Our previous study demonstrated that @entity4 (+) @entity3 (+) cells derived from @entity0 pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) contain hemato-endothelial progenitors (HEPs) that give rise to hematopoietic cells and endothelial cells. Here, we established a serum-free and feeder-free system to induce the differentiation of hPSC-derived @entity4 (+) @entity3 (+) progenitor cells to erythroid cells. We show that extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins promote the differentiation of @entity4 (+) @entity3 (+) progenitor cells into CD235a(+) erythroid cells through @entity2 (+) CD235a(+) megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitors (MEP). @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a predominant factor for @entity4 (+) @entity3 (+) progenitor differentiation to erythroid cells, whereas @entity5 ( @entity5 ) inhibits the development of @entity4 (+) @entity3 (+) progenitor cells. Apoptosis of progenitor cells is induced by @entity5 in early erythroid differentiation. Suppression of @entity5 signaling by @entity7 at early stage of @entity4 (+) @entity3 (+) progenitor differentiation induces the erythroid cell generation. Together, these findings suggest that @entity5 suppression and @entity1 stimulation promote erythropoiesis of @entity4 (+) @entity3 (+) progenitor cells derived from hPSCs. J. Cell. Biochem. 116: 2735-2743, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Cooperative Effect of @entity1 and @entity5 Inhibition on Erythroid Development in XXXX Pluripotent Stem Cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7237 Background: The purpose of this study was to determine maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and the dose-limiting @entity2 (DLT) of a combination of @entity1 plus @entity4 administration in a biweekly schedule for inoperable @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with inoperable stages IIIB and IV @entity3 included in this study were treated with @entity4 followed by @entity1 . @entity4 was given intravenously over 30 minutes, and @entity1 was given intravenously over 30 minutes. RESULTS: Fifteen @entity0 were treated at 4 dose levels. As DLT, treatment delay occurred at dose level 4 in 2 of the 6 @entity0 . No DLT was experienced in dose levels 1, 2, and 3. No other grade 3/4 @entity2 was observed. Twelve @entity0 were available for evaluation of efficacy. Four @entity0 achieved partial response. CONCLUSIONS: MTD was not reached in this study. Considering the treatment continuation, the recommended dose for phase II study is @entity4 AUC 3 and @entity1 1000mg/m(2) administration every 2 weeks. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase I study of biweekly combination chemotherapy with @entity1 (GEM) and XXXX ( @entity4 ) for inoperable stages IIIB and @entity3 ( @entity3 ).

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the dynamic changes in hepatic myofibroblasts during the formation of @entity5 and to investigate the pathogenesis of @entity5 . METHODS: Each @entity1 was infected with 80 +/- 1 @entity7 . Liver biopsies were done at different time point after @entity2 and the samples were embedded with @entity4 and stained with HE and @entity8 -sirius red. The dynamic changes in the areas of @entity3 were observed, and the extent of liver @entity0 and the expression of alpha-SMA positive cells were semiquantitated. At the 16th week after @entity2 , the @entity1 with @entity7 were received @entity9 after treatment of @entity6 and contrasted with the saline group. RESULTS: The @entity3 appeared at the 6th week after @entity2 and its areas reached the biggest at the 8th week. Then the @entity3 shrinked gradually, but the extent of liver @entity0 aggravated progressively. The alpha-SMA positive cells were observed at the 4th week after @entity2 and their number enhanced gradually. The extent of liver and the expression of alpha-SMA positive cells were significantly different between each treated group, and the @entity9 treated group showed the best result. CONCLUSION: The myofibroblasts play an essential role in the formation and development of @entity5 .

title: [Dynamic changes in hepatic myofibroblast of XXXX with Schistosoma japonicum].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Absolute Lymphocyte Count( @entity7 ) and the recovery of @entity7 after treatment have been identified as a prognostic biomarker for several @entity1 . In this study, we aimed to investigate the prognostic role of peritransplant @entity7 and @entity7 recovery after liver transplantation(LT) in @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: A total of 269 @entity2 @entity0 undergoing LT were enrolled in our study. Clinicopathological data were retrospectively collected and reviewed. Peritransplant @entity7 and the change of @entity7 (2 week, 1 month, 3 month post-LT) were carefully monitored. All potential risk factors were analyzed by univariate and multivariate cox regression analysis. RESULTS: Over a mean follow-up of 35.9 months, 120 recurrences and 89 @entity4 were recorded. In the multivariate analysis, @entity2 with @entity7 no recovery at 1 month after LT(P<0.001), high pretransplant @entity3 (P=0.010), total @entity1 size >8cm(P=0.003), beyond Milan criteria(P<0.001) were four independent risk factors for @entity2 recurrence. For overall survival( @entity5 ) after LT, @entity7 no recovery at 1 month after LT(P=0.003), total @entity1 size >8cm(P=0.011), pretransplant albumin <2.8g/dl (P=0.049), MELD score >15(P=0.017), beyond Milan criteria(P=0.001) were significantly related to poor @entity5 . When subgroup analyses were performed according to the Milan criteria, the results showed that the recovery of @entity7 at 1 month after LT still indicated longer recurrence-free survival( @entity6 )(P<0.001) and @entity5 (P=0.005) beyond Milan criteria as well as @entity6 ( P<0.001) within Milan criteria, but not @entity5 (P=0.157) within Milan criteria. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 recovery at 1 month after LT indicated favorable outcomes of @entity2 @entity0 .

title: Absolute Lymphocyte Count Recovery at 1 month After Transplantation Predicts Favorable Outcomes of XXXX With @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The differential diagnosis of @entity9 and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) may be difficult owing to the similarities in their clinical and laboratory presentations, but it is important because of dissimilarities in their management and prognosis. We investigated two families with @entity9 and granulocyte inclusion. The probands of both families presented with mild @entity4 tendency, @entity9 , normal bone marrow, and increased percentages of platelet-associated immunoglobulin G (IgG) and reticulated platelets. @entity7 had been misdiagnosed in both @entity0 initially. Both probands failed to respond to @entity1 therapy. Family study revealed an autosomal dominant pattern of heredity in both families, with absence of @entity8 -like features ( @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity6 ). All @entity5 family members showed blue cytoplasmic inclusions in neutrophils on peripheral blood smears. Ultrastructurally, distinct granulocyte inclusions comprising clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, and polysomes were detected, without the presence of parallel filaments. The clinical, laboratory, and hereditary findings were consistent with a diagnosis of @entity10 in both families. In conclusion, caution should be exercised when interpreting the percentages of platelet-associated IgG in @entity5 @entity0 , as overinterpretation may lead to misdiagnosis of @entity9 as @entity7 . Family history is important, as @entity7 is rare, and careful examination of blood smears is essential.

title: XXXX with granulocyte inclusion: a clinical and laboratory problem.

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in previously untreated @entity0 with @entity6 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Forty-one @entity0 with measurable @entity6 who had received no prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease were scheduled to receive @entity2 1,200 mg/m2 intravenously over 30 minutes on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle. Prior adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced disease was allowed if this was completed greater than 1 year prior to study entry. All @entity0 were treated on an outpatient basis. RESULTS: There were three complete responses and six partial responses seen in 37 assessable @entity0 , for an overall response rate of nine of 37 (24.3%; 95% confidence interval, 12 to 41). Four @entity0 remain in remission at 14, 23, 24, and 31 months. The median survival was 8 months with 17% of @entity0 alive at 2 years. Treatment generally was well-tolerated with three @entity0 having > or = grade 3 nonhematologic @entity3 , five having grade 3 @entity5 , two having grade 3 @entity4 , and two episodes of @entity5 . Most @entity0 were able to receive the drug as scheduled with the primary reason for dose reduction or dose delay being @entity5 . CONCLUSION: @entity2 has promising single-agent activity against @entity1 with a favorable @entity3 profile. Further studies in combination with other active agents are warranted.

title: @entity2 : a promising new agent in the treatment of advanced XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the short-term clinical results of transplanting of cultivated corneal/limbal epithelial cells on @entity0 amniotic membrane (AM) for @entity3 . DESIGN: Noncomparative, retrospective interventional case series. @entity0 : Thirteen eyes of 13 @entity0 with severe @entity3 ( @entity4 in @entity2 , ocular cicatricial pemphigoid in three eyes, and @entity5 ) were treated at the department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College, Japan. INTERVENTION: Cultivated allo-limbal epithelium was transplanted onto the ocular surface of @entity0 with severe @entity3 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Ocular surface reconstruction with corneal epithelialization, changes in visual acuity, and @entity1 were studied. Histologic examinations were also performed on cultivated epithelium. RESULTS: Cultivated corneal epithelium on AM formed two to three layers with the formation of basement membrane-like structures. After the surgery, the epithelium regenerated and covered the ocular surface in @entity2 (61.5%). However, three of the @entity2 developed partial conjunctival invasion, and two eyes later developed epithelial defects. At last examination, corneal epithelialization was achieved in six eyes (46.2%). Five eyes had conjunctivalization, one eye had @entity2 was not epithelialized. Complications were @entity2 and @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that the success rate for transplanting cultivated allo-limbal epithelium on the AM is not different from the conventional limbal and AM transplantation for the treatment of severe limbal stem cell dysfunction.

title: Transplantation of XXXX limbal epithelium cultivated on amniotic membrane for the treatment of severe ocular surface disorders.

answer: @entity0