abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8184 Background: @entity7 (C) or @entity4 (HC) are commonly used to manage acute @entity2 crises in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). However, these medications often fail to provide adequate @entity2 relief, resulting in the need for alternative analgesics. Therefore, this study examined the characteristics associated with inadequate analgesic response to C and HC in @entity0 with @entity6 . METHODS: Medical records were reviewed for 61 @entity0 with @entity6 and a SS genotype who were prescribed either C- or HC-containing medications to manage an acute @entity2 crisis and had no evidence of severe @entity1 . Demographics, clinical characteristics and the number of ER visits/hospital admissions for an acute @entity2 crisis in which alternative analgesic therapy was administered, were recorded for the previous 12 months. RESULTS: There was substantial interpatient variability in the number of visits/admissions for an acute @entity2 crisis in the past year: mean (stdev) = 3.7    11. We found no significant differences in demographics or clinical characteristics between @entity0 who were above (n=11) and below (n=50) the mean number of visits/admissions, as shown in the table. However, there was a trend toward increased @entity5 use among @entity0 above the mean number of visits/admissions (p=0.07). [Figure: see text] Conclusions: We found substantial interpatient variability in analgesic response to C and HC in @entity0 with @entity6 , which could not be explained by demographic or clinical characteristics. These data suggest that other factors, such as @entity8 or mu opioid receptor genotype, may contribute to the interpatient variability in C and HC response in @entity0 with @entity6 . We are currently conducting a prospective study to determine the correlation between analgesic response, @entity8 genotype, and @entity3 concentrations following @entity7 administration. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Interpatient variability in analgesic response to @entity7 and XXXX in @entity6 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: T cells play a pivotal role in initiating and orchestrating allergic responses in @entity4 . The goal of this work was to learn whether ragweed challenge in the lungs alters the T-cell repertoire expressed in the blood and lungs of @entity5 . Analyses of cell numbers, differentials, and T-cell subsets in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluids showed that ragweed challenge was associated with preferential recruitment of @entity2 + T cells into the lungs. A reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify T-cell receptor (TCR) gene transcripts from unfractionated, @entity2 +, and @entity3 + T cells in blood and BAL fluids. As judged by RT-PCR, the usage of TCR Valpha and Vbeta gene families in BAL fluids was similar to that in blood. Ragweed challenge did not change the levels of expression of these V gene families. The clonality of T cells was estimated by analyzing the diversity of TCR V-(D)-J junctional region @entity1 lengths associated with each Valpha and Vbeta gene family, using sequencing gel electrophoresis. Most V gene families in blood and BAL fluids were associated with multiple junctional region lengths before and after ragweed challenge, indicating polyclonal expression. Some V gene families were expressed in an oligoclonal manner in unfractionated, @entity2 +, and @entity3 + T cells in BAL fluids before ragweed challenge, as indicated by a few predominant junctional region lengths. The majority of these V gene families became polyclonal after challenge, compatible with polyclonal T-cell influx during @entity0 immediately after ragweed challenge. However, some V gene families became oligoclonal or developed a new oligoclonal pattern of junctional region lengths in BAL T cells after ragweed challenge. Surprisingly, this occurred in both @entity2 + and @entity3 + T cells. In one of these instances, DNA sequencing of Vbeta21 junctional regions in @entity3 + T cells confirmed a change from polyclonal to oligoclonal expression after ragweed challenge. These findings show that ragweed challenge is associated with polyclonal influx and oligoclonal activation of both @entity2 + and @entity3 + T cells in the lungs.

title: T-Cell repertoire in the blood and lungs of XXXX before and after ragweed challenge.

answer: @entity5


abstract: It is important to develop methods to prevent or reverse the @entity3 caused by chemotherapy or radiation therapy for @entity1 in @entity0 . Radiation and some chemotherapeutic agents kill spermatogonial stem cells, but we have shown that these cells survive in @entity2 , although they are unable to differentiate. There is evidence that this phenomenon also occurs in @entity0 . The block to spermatogonial differentiation in @entity2 is caused by some unknown change, either in the spermatogonia or the somatic elements of the testis, such that @entity4 inhibits spermatogonial differentiation. In the @entity2 , the spermatogenesis and fertility lost following treatment with radiation or some chemotherapeutic agents can be restored by suppressing @entity4 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) agonists or antagonists, either before or after the cytotoxic insult. The applicability of this procedure to @entity0 is still unknown. Some anticancer regimens may kill all the stem cells, in which case the only option would be spermatogonial transplantation. However, in some cases stem cells survive and there is one report of stimulation of recovery of spermatogenesis with hormonal treatment. Clinical trials should focus on treating @entity0 with hormones during or soon after anticancer treatment. The hormone regimen should involve suppression of @entity4 production with minimum @entity5 supplementation used to improve the diminished libido.

title: Suppression of @entity4 stimulates recovery of spermatogenesis after XXXX treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to describe the effect of a @entity1 eradication strategy on health care costs among a cohort of health maintenance organization (HMO) members with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). METHODS: @entity0 were identified from an outpatient diagnosis database and verified at chart review to have new-onset @entity3 by @entity2 or upper gastrointestinal radiographic series. Health plan registration and accounting databases were used to track costs over 12 months after initial diagnosis. Costs were analyzed separately for an initial 2-month interval and a 10-month follow-up period. Inpatient and pharmacy costs are those directly attributable to @entity3 (either a @entity3 -related discharge diagnosis or an antiulcer medication prescription). Outpatient costs are total costs. All cost differences were adjusted for age and gender. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of 93 @entity0 meeting selection criteria received @entity1 treatment. During the 2-month treatment window, adjusted @entity3 -related inpatient costs were higher for the @entity1 treated group (difference,  234.00/ @entity0 ), whereas total outpatient costs and @entity3 -related pharmacy costs were similar. During the 10-month follow-up period, @entity3 -related inpatient and pharmacy adjusted costs were similar, but adjusted outpatient costs in the @entity1 treated group were lower than in the untreated group (difference,  508.00/ @entity0 ). Total adjusted follow-up period costs were  555.00/ @entity0 less in the @entity1 treated group (p = 0.05). Total 12-month costs in the @entity1 treated group were  285.00/per @entity0 less than in untreated @entity0 , (p > 0.2); 30% of @entity1 treated @entity0 were still receiving antisecretory therapy 1 yr after diagnosis, compared to 41.9% of untreated @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 treatment is associated with a decreased cost of follow-up care for @entity0 with @entity3 , primarily due to decreased outpatient utilization.

title: A cost analysis of a XXXX eradication strategy in a large health maintenance organization.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity3 has a poor prognosis and chemotherapy provides little benefit for most @entity0 . This may be related to heterogeneity of chemosensitivity as well as frequent constitutive resistance to individual cytotoxic drugs. We have therefore examined the heterogeneity of chemosensitivity in metastatic @entity3 specimens using an ex vivo @entity4 -based chemosensitivity assay ( @entity4 - @entity8 ). @entity3 (n=55) in skin or lymph node were tested using the @entity4 - @entity8 , performed in three separate laboratories. Analysis of the data collected (based on an arbitrary sensitivity index < 300) shows considerable heterogeneity of chemosensitivity. The most active single cytotoxic agents in the assay were identified as @entity5 , @entity11 , @entity6 , @entity10 , @entity2 and @entity7 . There was also a limited direct inhibition of @entity3 cell growth by @entity9 , although this agent is known to have a number of indirect biological antitumor effects. Exposure of @entity1 cells to combinations of drugs at the concentrations tested as single agents showed the most active combinations to be @entity11 + @entity2 , @entity5 + @entity6 and @entity10 + @entity6 . There was considerable heterogeneity of chemosensitivity: some @entity1 responded well to one agent or combination, while others showed no response to this and instead responded to one of the alternatives tested. Occasional highly resistant @entity1 showed no response to any of the single agents or combinations tested. The degree of heterogeneity observed suggests that the @entity4 - @entity8 could be used to select @entity0 who might benefit from specific chemotherapeutic agents alone or in combination. This provides the rationale for future randomized controlled trials of @entity4 - @entity8 -directed chemotherapy versus physician's choice to determine whether assay-directed chemotherapy can improve @entity0 response and survival.

title: Heterogeneity of chemosensitivity of metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity11 , @entity11 is caused by @entity12 . Between 10% and 30% of infected @entity0 develop the chronic form, with predominance of the cardiac and gastrointestinal forms. @entity3 leads to @entity4 , @entity6 and @entity9 phenomena, and may cause @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We report two @entity0 , a 57 year old @entity0 and a 52 year old @entity0 , carriers of the chronic cardiac form of @entity11 , with @entity1 . In both @entity0 , serology was positive for @entity11 (indirect hemagglutination and indirect immunofluorescence). The causes of @entity1 were ruled out on carotid and transcranial Doppler studies. RESULTS: The @entity0 had previously had an @entity10 of the left middle cerebral artery. She was admitted with a @entity1 involving the vertebrobasilar territory. On Holter studies there was second degree @entity5 and the electrocardiogram showed severe dilated @entity3 . On magnetic resonance studies there was an old left temporoparietal @entity10 and recent ischaemia of the pons and cerebral peduncle. She was anticoagulated and a pacemaker implanted. The @entity0 had a right @entity13 . His electrocardiogram showed @entity7 and left anterosuperior block. The echocardiogram showed @entity8 and concentric @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: The chronic cardiac form of @entity11 should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity1 of cardioembolic origin both in endemic areas and in countries to which @entity0 exposed to infection during the early years of life emigrate.

title: [ XXXX of cardioembolic origin in @entity11 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Investigation into the effect of cumulative subconcussive head impacts has yielded various results in the literature, with many supporting a link to @entity1 . @entity3 has been conducted on @entity0 's lacrosse and associated @entity1 from head impacts. HYPOTHESES: (1) Athletes will commit more errors on the postseason Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) test. (2) There will be a positive correlation to change in BESS scores and head impact exposure data. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective longitudinal study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 3. METHODS: Thirty-four Division I @entity0 's lacrosse players (age, 19.59    1.42 years) wore helmets instrumented with a sensor to collect head impact exposure data over the course of a competitive season. Players completed a BESS test at the start and end of the competitive season. RESULTS: The number of errors from pre- to postseason increased during the double-leg stance on foam ( P < 0.001), tandem stance on foam ( P = 0.009), total number of errors on a firm surface ( P = 0.042), and total number of errors on a foam surface ( P = 0.007). There were significant correlations only between the total errors on a foam surface and linear acceleration ( P = 0.038, r = 0.36), @entity4 criteria ( P = 0.024, r = 0.39), and Gadd Severity Index scores ( P = 0.031, r = 0.37). CONCLUSION: Changes in the total number of errors on a foam surface may be considered a sensitive measure to detect @entity1 associated with cumulative subconcussive head impacts sustained over the course of 1 lacrosse season, as measured by average linear acceleration, @entity4 criteria, and Gadd Severity Index scores. If there is microtrauma to the vestibular system due to repetitive subconcussive impacts, only an assessment that highly stresses the vestibular system may be able to detect these changes. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Cumulative subconcussive impacts may result in @entity2 , including @entity1 , which are associated with an increased risk for injury. The development of a strategy to reduce total number of head impacts may curb the associated sequelae. Incorporation of a modified BESS test, firm surface only, may not be recommended as it may not detect changes due to repetitive impacts over the course of a competitive season.

title: Correlation of Head Impacts to Change in Balance Error Scoring System Scores in Division I XXXX 's Lacrosse Players.

answer: @entity0


abstract: To evaluate recovery function of and effects of hyperventilation (HV) on high-frequency oscillations (HFOs) of median nerve somatosensory evoked potential (SEP), we recorded SEPs in 8 @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 with enlarged HFOs, 4 @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 and 10 healthy volunteers (N). SEP was recorded from the hand sensory area contralateral to the median nerve stimulated at the wrist. Responses were amplified with filters set at 0.5 and 3000 Hz. HFOs were obtained by digitally filtering raw SEPs from 500 to 1000 Hz. We measured amplitudes of the N20 onset-peak (N20o-p), N20 peak- @entity3 peak (N20p- @entity3 ), @entity3 peak- @entity4 peak ( @entity3 - @entity4 ), the early (1st-2nd) and late (3rd) HFOs. For the recovery function study, paired-pulse stimuli at various interstimulus intervals (20, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 300 ms) were given. To investigate effects of HV, amplitudes of several components of SEPs recorded after HV were compared with those before HV. In @entity1 and @entity2 , the N20o-p recovery curve showed significantly less suppression as compared with those of N. The @entity3 - @entity4 recovery curve of @entity2 showed longer suppression than those of N and @entity1 . There were no significant differences in the early or late HFOs recovery curves among three groups. At the dysinhibited state after HV, the late HFO was reduced in association with a significant enlargement of the N20p- @entity3 amplitude in normal subjects. This suggests that the late HFOs should reflect bursts of inhibitory interneurons. In the @entity2 @entity0 , the early HFOs significantly decreased by HV. The pattern in @entity2 @entity0 may be explained by a kind of compensation for already enhanced SEPs (giant SEP) in the dysinhibited situation. We conclude that (1) Giant HFOs are normally regulated by inhibitory neuronal systems involving in paired stimulation SEP. (2) The late HFOs must reflect bursts of GABAergic inhibitory interneurons.

title: Recovery function of and effects of hyperventilation on somatosensory evoked high-frequency oscillation in XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4091 Background: To evaluate the feasibility of @entity7 and @entity10 combination therapy (CapOx) in unresectable or metastatic @entity8 of the biliary system. @entity0 AND METHODS: 56 pts (25M, 31F) were included (median age, 63 yrs). Major eligibility: histologic proven, measurable disease, age 18-75 yrs, ECOG PS 0-2. A total number of 250 cycles (median: 5; range 1-16) of @entity10 (130 mg/m2, d1) plus @entity7 (2000 mg/m2, d 1-14) were administered 3 weekly for @entity11 ( @entity11 ) (20 pts), extrahepatic (20 pts), and intrahepatic (16 pts) @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Pts were assessed for response according to WHO standard criteria. Clinical outcome was determined separately for pts with either @entity11 /extrahepatic @entity4 or intrahepatic @entity4 (mass-forming type), because these two distinct presentations have been supposed to differ substantially from each other according to clinical behaviour. RESULTS: Grade 4 @entity3 (WHO) were @entity5 in 1 pt (1% of cycles), @entity9 in 1 pt (1%), @entity12 in 1 pt (1%), and fever in 2 pts (1%); grade 3 @entity3 were: @entity5 in 2 pts (1%), @entity9 in 3 pts (2%), and fever in 1 pt (1%). Grade 3/4 @entity13 (L  vis scale) was found in 10 pts (15%). Two pts were removed from study due to @entity10 -related @entity1 . One @entity0 harboring intrahepatic @entity4 died with @entity6 after the first treatment cycle. On 31 evaluable pts with @entity11 or extrahepatic @entity4 the response-rate was as follows: complete response (CR), 2 pts (6% of the pts); partial response (PR), 7 pts (23%); stable disease (NC) 15 pts (48%). Thus, the overall disease control rate (CR + PR + NC) was 77%, whereas 7 pts (23%) had @entity2 ( @entity2 ). In contrast, in 16 evaluable pts with intrahepatic mass-forming @entity4 no CR or PR was observed, but 4 pts (25%) were found to have NC, and in 12 pts (75%) @entity2 was encountered. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary data suggest the CapOx regimen to be well tolerable and highly active for advanced @entity11 and extrahepatic @entity4 (disease-control rate: 77%), whereas outcome might be poorer in intrahepatic @entity4 . Survival data will be presented at the meeting. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A multicenter phase II study of XXXX plus @entity10 (CapOx) in advanced biliary system @entity8 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention of IgE-binding to cellular IgE-receptors by anti-IgE (Omalizumab) is clinically effective in @entity1 , but limited by IgE threshold-levels. To overcome this limitation, we developed a single-use IgE immunoadsorber column (IgEnio). IgEnio is based on a recombinant, IgE-specific antibody fragment and can be used for the specific extracorporeal desorption of IgE. OBJECTIVE: To study safety and efficacy of IgEnio regarding the selective depletion of IgE in a randomized, open-label, controlled pilot trial in @entity0 with @entity1 and to investigate if IgEnio can bind @entity5 immune complexes. METHODS: Fifteen subjects were enrolled and randomly assigned to the treatment group (n=10) or to the control group (n=5). Immunoadsorption was done by veno-venous approach, processing the twofold calculated plasma volume during each treatment. A minimum average IgE-depletion of 50% after the last cycle in the intention-to-treat population was defined as primary endpoint. Safety of the treatment was studied as secondary endpoint. In addition, possible changes in allergen-specific sensitivity were investigated, as well as clinical effects by peak flow measurement and symptom-recording. The depletion of @entity5 immune complexes was studied in vitro. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02096237) and conducted from December 2013 to July 2014. RESULTS: IgE immunoadsorption with IgEnio selectively depleted 86.2% (  5.1% SD) of IgE until the end of the last cycle (p<0.0001). Removal of pollen allergen-specific IgE was associated with a reduction of allergen-specific basophil-sensitivity and prevented increases of allergen-specific skin-sensitivity and clinical symptoms during pollen seasons. IgEnio also depleted @entity5 immune complexes in vitro. The therapy under investigation was safe and well-tolerated. During a total of 81 aphereses, 2 severe adverse events (SAE) were recorded, one of which, an episode of acute @entity3 , possibly was related to the treatment and resolved after administration of @entity4 and @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study indicates that IgE immunoadsorption with IgEnio may be used to treat @entity0 with pollen-induced @entity1 . Furthermore, the treatment could render @entity1 @entity0 with highly elevated IgE-levels eligible for the administration of Omalizumab and facilitate the desorption of @entity5 complexes. This study was funded by Fresenius Medical Care Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany.

title: Extracorporeal IgE Immunoadsorption in XXXX : Safety and Efficacy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Retrospective analysis of the results of rt-PA thrombolysis in the treatment of acute @entity3 occlusion of the upper limb. METHODS: Of 55 @entity0 with demonstrated @entity1 , rt-PA thrombolysis was performed on 40 occlusions in 38 @entity0 (23 @entity0 with a mean age of 62 years, range 32-85 years; 15 @entity0 with a mean age of 65 years, range 32-92 years) according to the following design: 6 mg rt-PA/hr for 30 min, 3 mg rt-PA/hr for the next 30 min, 1 mg rt-PA/hr for 7 hr, and 0.4 mg rt-PA/hr until the end of lysis. Onset of symptoms varied from 1 to 14 days. Included were three isolated @entity1 , nine combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and 28 forearm and hand @entity1 . RESULTS: The overall success rate was 55%. The lysis results for isolated upper arm, combined brachial and forearm occlusions, and forearm and hand @entity1 were 100%, 66%, and 46%, respectively. In eight @entity0 surgical embolectomy had to be performed after failed thrombolysis. No amputation was required in the follow-up period. No lethal complications occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Interventional rt-PA treatment of proximal @entity1 may be performed with comparable success rates to surgical @entity2 . For distal occlusions the results are inferior to the success rates obtained with surgery.

title: rt-PA thrombolysis in acute XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A combination of @entity9 plus an @entity7 is the most frequently used regimen for febrile episodes in @entity1 @entity0 . However, @entity7 -related @entity2 occasionally makes this regimen difficult to use as the first-line drug therapy. In the present study, we chose @entity8 as the alternative to @entity7 in combination with @entity5 for @entity3 in @entity6 @entity0 and we evaluated its effectiveness. METHODS: A total of 31 febrile episodes in 16 @entity0 with @entity1 were evaluted. @entity5 (200 mg/kg per day) plus @entity8 (150 mg/kg per day) were administered intravenously following a routine fever work-up. RESULTS: The overall response rate was 67%. The response rate when neutrophil count was less than 100/mm3 was 63%. The side effects were mild and rare. In three @entity0 , all of the microbiologically documented infections were caused by alpha-streptococcus, which required a change in the regimen. CONCLUSIONS: A combination of @entity5 and @entity8 provides an effective and non-toxic regimen for first-line therapy in febrile @entity0 with @entity4 . In contrast, the results of the present study suggest the need for caution with regard to alpha-streptococcus infections.

title: @entity5 plus @entity8 for treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Cartap is a widely used insecticide which belongs to a member of @entity6 derivatives and acts on nicotinic @entity2 receptor site. Its effects on aquatic species are of grave concern. To explore the potential developmental @entity0 of cartap, @entity3 embryos were continually exposed, from 0.5 to 144h post-fertilization, to a range of concentrations of 25-1000microg/l. Results of the experiment indicated that cartap concentrations of 100microg/l and above negatively affected embryo survival and hatching success. Morphological analysis uncovered a large suite of abnormalities such as less melanin pigmentation, wavy notochord, crooked trunk, fuzzy somites, neurogenesis defects and @entity1 . The most sensitive organ was proved to be the notochord which displayed defects at concentrations as low as 25microg/l. Both sensitivity towards exposure and localization of the defect were stage specific. To elucidate mechanisms concerning notochord, pigmentation, and hatching defects, enzyme assay, RT Q-PCR, and different exposure strategies were performed. For embryos with hatching failure, chorion was verified not to be digested, while removing cartap from exposure at early pre-hatching stage could significantly increase the hatching success. However, cartap was proved, via vitro assay, to have no effect on proteolytic activity of hatching enzyme. These findings implied that the secretion of hatching enzyme might be blocked. We also revealed that cartap inhibited the activity of melanogenic enzyme @entity5 and matrix enzyme @entity4 oxidase and induced expression of their genes. These suggested that cartap could impaired melanin pigmentation of @entity3 embryos through inhibiting @entity5 activity, while inhibition of @entity4 oxidase activity was responsible for notochord undulation, which subsequently caused somite defect, and at least partially responsible for defects in vasculature and neurogenesis.

title: Developmental @entity0 of cartap on XXXX embryos.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 from @entity3 remains a difficult clinical problem. We present the results of surgical attempts to control this @entity1 . For the past 3 years, all @entity0 with @entity3 and @entity1 requiring high-dose narcotics or hospitalization for @entity1 control were evaluated by the following algorithm. Any anatomic pathology causing ductal dilatation was surgically addressed first (Puestow's procedure, @entity5 , or sphincteroplasty). If there was no evidence of ductal dilatation, or if @entity1 recurred postoperatively, denervation procedures were performed (splenopancreatic flap, thorascopic sympathectomy, or resection). @entity1 recurrence was defined as the need for further hospitalization or reoperation. Data were analyzed by comparison of two proportions. Follow-up averaged 26 months. Thirty-seven @entity0 underwent 44 operations solely in an attempt to control @entity1 ; 62 per cent were male, and 70 per cent had chronic @entity4 . Our results show that surgical management provides relief in 68 per cent of @entity0 , and no one procedure is clearly superior to others.

title: Surgical management of @entity2 from XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate two questions in a community based population of @entity0 with chronic @entity1 . Firstly, does @entity4 lead to impaired @entity3 over time? Secondly, how does restriction of daily activity influence @entity1 perception and @entity3 ? METHODS: Two postal surveys, two years apart, were carried out to identify a group of subjects with chronic @entity1 . The first survey was sent to a random sample of adults (n=40026) registered with a primary care practice, and included a @entity1 manikin, demographic information, and the Hospital Anxiety and @entity2 scale (HAD). The second survey was sent to those subjects who reported unilateral shoulder region @entity1 in the first survey and it included a shoulder-specific disability scale, @entity1 severity score, and the HAD. RESULTS: 2606 (65.1%) @entity0 responded to the initial survey. Of these, 304 (11.7%) reported unilateral shoulder region @entity1 at baseline. In the subsequent survey, there were 234 responders (83.3% adjusted response): 142 of these reported @entity1 and formed our study group of "subjects with chronic @entity1 ". Within this group there was no significant change in @entity3 scores between baseline and follow up. Both the disability score and @entity3 scores correlated significantly with @entity1 severity (disability v @entity1 r=0.536, p<0.001; @entity3 v @entity1 r=0.269, p=0.002). When the correlation between disability and @entity1 severity was corrected for possible confounders, it remained significant (r=0.490, p<0.001). This was not the case for the correlation between @entity3 and @entity1 (p>0.05). Disability was significantly correlated with @entity3 on univariate (r=0.445, p<0.001) and multivariate analysis (r=0.341, p=0.002). CONCLUSION: In those with chronic @entity1 the relation between @entity1 and @entity3 seems to be linked to disability. Psychological distress was not explained by persistent @entity1 itself.

title: XXXX in the community: a syndrome of disability or distress?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a diagnosis made using clinical, laboratory, and histologic parameters. Aberrant @entity5 and/or @entity4 expression on mast cells provides one minor criterion for a diagnosis of @entity1 . To validate a tube ( @entity2 / @entity3 / @entity5 / @entity4 ) for mast cell evaluation, we performed flow cytometry (FC) on residual material from marrow aspirates samples submitted to the hematopathology laboratory. METHODS: Samples evaluated (n=98) had no clinical or morphologic suspicion for @entity1 . Samples were excluded if there was history of a myeloid stem cell @entity0 . Ten documented cases of @entity1 were evaluated for comparison. RESULTS: Among cases without history of @entity1 , 17.3% (n=17) showed expression of @entity5 and/or @entity4 on >= 10% of the mast cell population ( @entity4 alone in 14 cases, @entity5 alone in 2 cases, both in one case), while 82.6% (n=81) showed no expression of these antigens. The percentage of mast cells showing aberrant @entity5 and/or @entity4 expression respectively ranged from 12.1%-98.8% and 22.2%-95.7% Interestingly, all of the cases with evidence of aberrant antigen expression on mast cells were collected post-therapy while 22.1% of the negative samples were collected pre-therapy. A cut-off of 60% @entity4 expression on mast cells identified all cases of @entity1 while minimizing false positives. CONCLUSIONS: These findings demonstrate that aberrant expression of @entity5 and/or @entity4 may be seen on mast cells outside of the setting of @entity1 . The data suggests that this phenomenon may be seen more commonly following chemotherapy and that FC of mast cells should be interpreted with caution in the post-chemotherapy setting. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Expression of XXXX and @entity4 on mast cell populations can be seen outside the setting of systemic mastocytosis.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity6 ( @entity6 ) breath test has had positive results in 84% of @entity0 with @entity5 vs 20% of controls. We hypothesized that @entity6 would be more prevalent in @entity0 with symptoms consistent with @entity5 who have undergone previous abdominal surgery. OBJECTIVE: To identify causative factors for @entity6 . DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Tertiary colorectal surgery clinic. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Result of @entity6 breath test. RESULTS: We identified 77 @entity0 whose differential diagnosis included @entity6 from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2007; 18 were excluded because of noncompliance with testing and 2 because of a decision to treat @entity6 without formal testing. Symptoms were chronic @entity3 in 30 @entity0 (53%), bloating in 25 (44%), @entity4 in 37 (65%), and @entity1 in 7 (12%). Mean (SD) symptom duration was 45 (22) months. Of the 57 @entity0 enrolled in this study, 45 (79%) tested positive for @entity6 and 37 (82%) of those had a history of surgery, whereas 12 (21%) tested negative for @entity6 and 9 (75%) of those had a history of surgery. Of the 36 @entity6 -positive @entity0 with a history of abdominal surgery (mean number of procedures, 2), the surgery locations were as follows: female reproductive organs, 23 (64%); hindgut, 15 (42%); foregut, 8 (22%); and midgut, 6 (17%). Open surgery alone was performed in 32 @entity0 (56%) vs laparoscopic surgery in 7 (12%). Both open and laparoscopic procedures had been performed in 6 @entity0 (11%). Four @entity0 (7%) had a history of small intestinal obstruction. The mean age of @entity6 -positive @entity0 was higher than that of @entity6 -negative @entity0 (57 vs 44 years; P < .01). Analysis did not reveal any clinically significant independent factor associated with @entity6 . CONCLUSION: Physicians should consider @entity6 in the differential diagnosis of @entity0 with normal anatomic findings and chronic @entity2 .

title: Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in XXXX with @entity2 and a history of previous abdominal surgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that female gender is associated with a lower prevalence and a more benign prognosis of @entity2 . In the current population-based study, it was our objective to evaluate the implications of gender on the association between impaired left ventricular (LV) function and mass as well as neurohumoral activation. METHODS AND RESULTS: A total of 1883 subjects (992 female, 891 male) of two MONICA surveys in Augsburg, Germany, were analyzed. @entity0 of one of these surveys were additionally characterized with respect to neurohormonal activation. As compared to @entity0 , @entity0 were characterized by a slightly higher LV @entity6 ( @entity6 , Teichholz-Method, 65.4 +/- 0.3% vs. 63.4 +/- 0.3, P<0.01) and a markedly lower LV mass index (LVMI 81 +/- 1 g/m(2) vs. 96 +/- 1, P<0.01). As compared to @entity0 with normal LV function, those with @entity3 ( @entity6 below mean minus two standard deviations, S.D.) were characterized by significantly increased LV mass (LVMI +48%, P<0.01), plasma @entity4 (+373%, P<0.01) and ANP (+57%, P<0.01), while no significant changes were observed in @entity0 (LVMI +3%, @entity4 +48%, ANP +27%, all P=n.s). Only a small subgroup of @entity0 with severe LVD ( @entity6 below mean - 3 S.D.) was characterized by significantly increased LV mass (LVMI +23%, P<0.05 vs. control and LVD), however, this increase was less pronounced as compared to @entity0 with severe LVD (LVMI +46%, P<0.01 vs. control). Gender-specific differences between LV function and structure were also confirmed by multivariate analysis. While LVMI was independently and significantly correlated with @entity6 in male subjects in addition to systolic blood pressure, age, and body mass index (all P<0.01), these parameters displaced @entity6 as a predictor of LVMI in female subjects. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with moderate or severe @entity3 are characterized by an increase in both LV mass and cardiac natriuretic peptide plasma concentrations. In contrast, LV mass and natriuretic peptide concentrations increase to a lesser extent and only with severe @entity3 in @entity0 . These observational data suggest gender-specific control of myocardial adaptations to hemodynamic overload and a more rapid induction of @entity5 during @entity1 in male subjects.

title: Gender-specific differences of cardiac remodeling in subjects with XXXX : a population-based study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of rim and segmental MRI enhancement of hepatic @entity1 of @entity2 after administration of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Sixty-one @entity0 with a potentially resectable hepatic @entity1 of @entity2 consecutively underwent breath-hold T1-weighted MRI in the axial and coronal planes 30 minutes and 24 hours after administration of @entity4 . For each lesion, the presence or absence of rim enhancement and segmental enhancement 30 minutes and 24 hours after contrast administration was recorded. These features were evaluated separately for lesions 10 mm in diameter or larger and lesions smaller than 10 mm. The nature of each lesion was determined at histopathologic examination (n = 29) and on follow-up imaging (n = 32). RESULTS: Two hundred thirty lesions were identified at MRI: 210 lesions were metastatic, and 20 were benign. Rim enhancement was observed around 22 of 210 (10%) of the metastatic lesions at 30 minutes and 199 of 210 (95%) of metastatic lesions at 24 hours. Rim enhancement at 24 hours had 94.8% (95% CI, 91.8-97.8%) sensitivity, 90.0% (68.3-98.8%) specificity, 99.0% (97.6-100%) positive predictive value, 62.1% (42.3-79.3%) negative predictive value, and 94.3% (91.4-97.3%) diagnostic accuracy for @entity1 . Segmental enhancement was infrequently seen (34/210; 16%) at 24 hours but had 100% (89.7-100%) positive predictive value for @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Rim and segmental enhancement at MRI 24 hours after @entity4 administration enabled accurate characterization of hepatic colorectal @entity1 . These features may aid in preoperative mapping of @entity3 burden and disease distribution in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Diagnostic accuracy of rim and segmental MRI enhancement of XXXX after administration of @entity4 trisodium.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECT: The authors' aim was to assess the ability of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) ratios in distinguishing @entity5 from @entity3 . METHODS: Fifty-three @entity0 with rim-enhancing masses in the brain observed on T1-weighted MR images were included: 26 had abscesses (14 bacterial, six nonbacterial, and six of unknown origin), 11 had @entity4 multiforme, and 16 had rim-enhancing @entity1 . The @entity6 values, derived from diffusion-weighted imaging, were measured in the most homogeneous portion of the cystic component of the mass. The @entity6 ratios were calculated by dividing the @entity6 values from the nonenhancing cystic portion of the mass by the @entity6 values from contralateral normal-appearing white matter. Lesions were further differentiated based on presence, absence, or incompleteness of a T2 hypointensity rim. The mean (+/- standard deviation) @entity6 ratios were significantly higher in @entity2 than in abscesses (2.45 +/- 0.91 compared with 1.12 +/- 0:53, p < 0.01). The accuracy of @entity6 ratios in discriminating @entity2 , determined by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (Az), was high: 0.91 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- @entity7 [ @entity7 ]). The threshold of 1.7 was associated with highest efficiency (87%) in discriminating @entity2 . If only bacterial abscesses were analyzed compared with @entity2 , the Az increased to 0.96 +/- 0.03 ( @entity7 ). Using @entity6 ratios and T1 rim characteristics, 50 of 53 lesions were correctly classified (efficiency 94.3%). CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy of @entity6 ratios in discriminating @entity5 from @entity3 is very high and can be further improved using T2 rim characteristics.

title: Discrimination of capsular stage XXXX from necrotic or cystic @entity2 using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the clinical efficacy of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy, and laparoscopy combined with duodenoscopy, for @entity4 and @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 105 @entity0 with @entity4 and @entity3 from our hospital, from January 2014 to January 2015, were enrolled in this study. All @entity0 weren given primary treatment. After obtaining consent from our hospital Ethics Committee and the @entity0 , all 10529 cases were divided into two groups according to their time of admission. The observation group consisted of 59 cases and the control group consisted of 46 cases. The control group were treated by laparoscopy combined with duodenoscopy (cholecystectomy +ERCP+calculi extraction with an endoscope) and the observation group were treated by laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy. We then compared the clinical efficacy between the two groups of @entity0 . RESULTS: The success rate of the first surgery in the observation group, was higher than that in the control group. The time of surgery and intra-operative @entity1 of the observation group were less than the control group. The differences had statistical significance p < 0.05). When compared the post-operative fasting and evacuation time, average hospital stay and hospitalization expenses for the observation group were less than those of the control group. The difference had statistical significance (p < 0.05). The prevalence of @entity2 and recurrence rate in the observation group were statistically significantly (p < 0.05) less than the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy was effective and safe for treating @entity4 and @entity3 . Its treatment outcomes might be superior to laparoscopy combined with duodenoscopy.

title: The clinical efficacy of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy for @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: There is considerable controversy regarding the safety of ovarian preservation in @entity3 . The aim of this review is to determine the incidence of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 (particularly in early-stage disease), identify risk factors for @entity2 and evaluate the outcome of @entity0 with ovarian preservation. METHODS: Relevant articles were identified from MEDLINE and EMBASE. Included studies were prospective or retrospective cohort and cross-sectional studies analyzing the incidence of @entity2 in @entity3 and studies evaluating the outcome of @entity0 with ovarian preservation. RESULTS: Ten articles including 1204 @entity0 evaluated the frequency of @entity2 . The incidence considering all FIGO stages was 3.7% (range: 0%-12.9%) and the incidence in FIGO stage IB was 2% (range: 0.8%-3.2%). Six articles evaluated the outcome of @entity0 with ovarian preservation. With more than 100 @entity0 with @entity3 stage (CIS-IIA), none developed an ovarian relapse with a mean follow-up time of 56months. Six articles including 31 @entity0 with ovarian spread were analyzed. At least one of the following risk factor was present in 30/31 (96.7%) of the @entity0 : age >45, FIGO stage >IB, positive lymph nodes, deep stromal invasion, lympho-vascular space invasion, corpus invasion, parametrial invasion or @entity1 size >4cm. CONCLUSION: Ovarian preservation in young @entity0 with early-stage @entity3 is safe. Herein, we propose a set of selection criteria to properly identify candidates for ovarian preservation.

title: Should ovaries be removed or not in (early-stage) XXXX : a review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Electrophysiologic studies were prospectively performed in 91 consecutive @entity0 referred for evaluation of sustained @entity3 or @entity2 . Fifty-two @entity0 had a history of sustained @entity3 and 39 @entity0 had a history of @entity2 . The identical stimulation protocol was used in all @entity0 . The stepwise protocol involved @entity1 , burst ventricular pacing, single, double, and triple extrastimuli during ventricular pacing. Stimulation was performed at the right ventricular apex at two and five times diastolic threshold. Using this protocol, @entity3 was inducible in 48 (92%) of the 52 @entity0 with a history of sustained @entity3 and in 28 (72%) of 39 @entity0 with a history of @entity2 (p less than 0.02). The use of a third extrastimulus increased the yield of inducible @entity3 by 37% in @entity0 with a history of sustained @entity3 and by 25% in @entity0 with a history of @entity2 . Stimulation at five times diastolic threshold and stimulation from the right ventricular outflow tract added a 15% increment in overall yield of inducible @entity3 in @entity0 with a history of sustained @entity3 , and a 26% increment in yield in @entity0 with a history of @entity2 . Forty-four (92%) of the 48 inducible @entity0 in the sustained @entity3 group had inducible monomorphic @entity3 as compared to 19 (68%) of 28 @entity0 in the @entity2 group (p less than 0.02).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Mode of stimulation versus response: validation of a protocol for induction of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Tick @entity0 is considered a cause of major concern as it is a vector for some disease transmission. The use of chemicals to control @entity0 is increasing in farm systems. The efficacy of three chemicals was studied on the tick Boophilus annulatus. In vitro and in vivo studies were done. The active ticks were collected from naturally infected @entity1 for in vitro study. They were incubated with the three chemicals which are commercially used. An in vitro study recorded that the highest effect of the three chemicals was 100  % at 3  h postexposure (p.e.) time for @entity2 and 6  h for @entity4 and ivermectin on the adult ticks. Egg batches were less affected. In vivo results showed more plain efficacy. The efficacy of @entity2 was increased gradually until complete cessation of ticks showed within 3rd   day posttreatment (d.p.t.), 100  % efficacy. But the tick population begins to reappear gradually within 7  d.p.t., while @entity4 showed 100  % efficacy at 7  d.p.t. and the ticks reappear again within 14  d.p.t. The most preferred results were obtained with @entity3 which showed 100  % efficacy at 7  d.p.t., and the @entity1 was still free from @entity0 until 21  d.p.t. only. Ticks begin to reappear within 28  d.p.t. in slight few numbers. This concluded that the powerful and safe chemical which is commercially used was ivermectin. Even so, it is used also as an anthelmintic drug.

title: Efficacy of XXXX , @entity4 , and ivermectin on Boophilus annulatus ticks (in vitro and in vivo study).

answer: @entity2


abstract: Abstract In a number of different experimental paradigms of @entity2 , there is evidence for a vagally mediated antinociceptive system. This pathway probably involves opioid mechanisms. However, whether this pathway is activated in @entity5 or if it involves subdiaphragmatic vagal afferents is unclear. The aim of the present study was to determine whether subdiaphragmatic vagal afferents mediate antinociception in response to a visceral stimulus and whether this involves an opioid pathway. @entity0 was performed in fasted, conscious male @entity1 using a balloon catheter connected to an electronic distension device. The number of abdominal contractions (visceromotor response) in response to a @entity0 (60 mmHg for 10 min) was recorded. Experiments were performed in sham or subdiaphragmatically vagotomized, perineural vehicle- or @entity4 -treated @entity1 (to functionally denervate vagal afferents) before and after administration of @entity3 (25 mg kg(-1) bodyweight intraperitoneally). Vagotomy, @entity4 and @entity3 pretreatments all significantly enhanced the visceromotor response to @entity0 . The effect of @entity3 in @entity4 -treated @entity1 did not appear to be additive. These results suggest that activation of subdiaphragmatic afferents, which can be blocked by @entity4 , may play a role in opioid-dependent antinociceptive pathways activated by a noxious visceral stimulus.

title: Subdiaphragmatic vagal afferent innervation in activation of an opioidergic antinociceptive system in response to XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7 achieves excellent systemic control in @entity4 kinase-rearranged ( @entity6 +) @entity5 ( @entity5 ); however, central nervous system (CNS) @entity1 frequently occur as an early event. Whole brain irradiation, the standard treatment, results in @entity3 . We present a case series of three @entity6 + @entity5 @entity0 with progressing CNS @entity1 who were treated with pulse-dose @entity7 followed by @entity9 . Three @entity6 + @entity5 @entity0 treated between 2011 and 2014 (two males, two never smokers, age range 20-54years, all @entity8 / @entity6 rearrangement), were diagnosed with progressing @entity2 while receiving @entity7 . Clinico-pathological characteristics, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed. In two @entity0 the progression was limited to the CNS, and radiological evidence of leptomeningeal spread was present in one @entity0 . Sequential use of @entity7 500mg administered once daily (pulse-dose) followed by @entity9 on progression achieved control of the disease in the CNS for over 18 months and over 7 months in @entity0 1 and @entity0 2, respectively. This strategy provided durable CNS control after whole-brain radiotherapy failure in @entity0 1, and allowed the whole-brain radiotherapy to be deferred in @entity0 2. Limited CNS progression was documented in @entity0 3 while he was on standard-dose/pulse-dose @entity7 for 15months; durable (over 7 months) complete remission was achieved with stereotactic radiotherapy and @entity9 . Manipulating the @entity7 schedule in @entity6 + @entity5 @entity0 with CNS @entity1 and using a novel @entity6 -inhibitor at the time of further progression may provide durable CNS control and allow brain radiotherapy to be deferred.

title: Durable brain response with pulse-dose @entity7 and @entity9 in XXXX -positive @entity5 compared with brain radiotherapy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5096 Background: To evaluate efficacy and safety of rAd- @entity5 in combination with radiotherapy in treatment of unresectable @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 with primary unresectable @entity6 of FIGO late-stage IIband IIIb were intratumorally injected with rAd- @entity5 of 1 ' 10(12) virus particles (vp) once a week for 6 weeks in combination with concurrently pelvic RT plus brachytherapy at point A at a total dose of 73.9 SD 3.8 Gy. RESULTS: From March 2002 to May 2010, 31 @entity0 , 14 @entity0 in IIb and 17 @entity0 in IIIb of locally advanced @entity6 , were enrolled into this phase II study. All @entity0 experienced complete response (CR) immediately after treatment. No local and pelvic recurrence was found during follow-up period. Distant @entity1 occurred in 2 cased (6.5%). The median survival time was 96 months (95% CI, 79 to 112 months). Five-years of survival rate was 85.7%, which is 30.0% higher than 55.3% of survival rate from a study including 140,000 cases with @entity2 treated using radiotherapy alone. No dose-limiting @entity3 or serious adverse events appeared, except for transient @entity4 after rAd- @entity5 administration. CONCLUSIONS: RAd- @entity5 in combination with radiotherapy was safe and effective in treatment of unresectable @entity2 .

title: Recombinant adenovirus- XXXX (rAd- @entity5 ) in combination with radiotherapy for treating @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Despite the great effectiveness of antibiotics, no principle is more important in the care of @entity8 than @entity1 irrigation and debridement. Fixation of @entity8 has a number of beneficial effects, including even the reduction of the risk of @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective study of the treatment of 116 @entity8 of the lower limb offered us the possibility to determine the ways to prevent the @entity3 . All the @entity0 were studied prospectively and the type of treatment and the rate of @entity3 were evaluated. RESULTS: In the course of the treatment, 96 wounds were closed by primary closure (82.8%) and 2 wounds were closed by secondary closure on the 5(th) postoperative day (1.7%). There were 14 skin grafts (12.1%), 2 muscle flap closures (1.7%) and 2 healings by granulation (1.7%). The antibiotics used were @entity7 + @entity4 for type I, II @entity2 ; @entity5 was added for @entity2 . The duration of the antibiotic therapy was 7-10 days, according to the severity of the @entity2 . The @entity3 rate was 0% for type I, 0% for type II and 5.17% for @entity2 (6/116). CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of @entity8 by intensive debridement of the wound and immediate fixation, as well as by primary closure of the wound with prolonged use of antibiotics, led to a dramatic @entity6 .

title: Ways to prevent @entity3 after open XXXX of the lower limb.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Since the course of @entity0 is often unpredictable, we wished to develop a model using characteristics of the primary @entity3 alone to predict prognosis. METHODS: Several @entity3 features were determined, and after a median follow-up duration of 65 months, multivariate analysis identified @entity3 size and grade, @entity6 receptor concentration, axillary lymph node @entity2 and @entity3 cell proliferation fraction ( @entity5 count) as being independently associated with increases in risk for both relapse and @entity4 from @entity0 . A prognostic model was constructed using @entity3 size and grade, @entity6 receptor concentration and @entity5 count only. A score of 1 for each was given to @entity3 size > 20 mm, @entity3 grade 2 or 3, @entity6 receptor concentration < 10 fmol/mg cytosol protein and @entity5 count > 9%. Five groups established by assigning a combined score of 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 for each @entity1 were analysed for their associations with disease-free and overall survivals. RESULTS: This preliminary model predicted 5-year survival rates of 97, 91, 85, 68 and 50% for the five groups. The model was further simplified by excluding @entity3 grade from the analysis. The revised model identified four risk groups with predicted 5-year survival rates of 91, 86, 66 and 52%. This model, the Adelaide prognostic index, was also able to identify four risk groups in both node-negative and node-positive @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The Adelaide prognostic index can be used to predict prognosis even in the absence of axillary lymph node information.

title: A simple index to predict prognosis independent of axillary node information in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: An important role of @entity3 (NO) in neuroinflammation has been suggested. It is also suggested that NO has a critical role in learning and memory. @entity0 induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported that deteriorates learning and memory. The effect of @entity6 (LA) as a precursor of NO on LPS-induced @entity2 was evaluated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The animals were grouped into: (1) Control, (2) LPS, (3) LA-LPS, and (4) LA. The @entity1 received intraperitoneally LPS (1 mg/kg) 2 h before experiments and LA (200 mg/kg) 30 min before LPS. The animals were examined in Morris water maze (MWM). Long-term potentiation (LTP) from @entity4 area of the hippocampus was also assessed by 100 Hz stimulation in the ipsilateral Schaffer collateral pathway. RESULTS: In MWM, time latency and traveled path were higher in LPS group than the control group (P < 0.001) whereas in LA-LPS group they were shorter than LPS group (P < 0.001). The amplitude and slope of field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) decreased in LPS group compared to control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01) whereas, there was not any significant difference in these parameters between LPS and LA-LPS groups. CONCLUSION: Administration of @entity5 and synaptic plasticity. Although LA ameliorated deleterious effects of LPS on learning of spatial tasks, it could not restore LPS-induced @entity2 .

title: The effects of XXXX on spatial memory and synaptic plasticity impairments induced by lipopolysaccharide.

answer: @entity6


abstract: This present review explores the mechanisms for DNA damage induced @entity8 arrest in @entity0 cells. The complexity of the @entity3 pathway is attested to by the variety of genes regulated by @entity3 , many of which require further investigation to bring their importance into focus. One gene intensely studied, @entity4 , has been linked to the G1 arrest mechanism and may, like @entity3 , be involved in some aspect of DNA repair. The outcome of @entity3 activation for cell survival is equally complex and relies much upon cellular context and the type of DNA damaging agent employed. Although @entity3 may participate in sensing DNA damage, additional components are likely to be required. Much of the focus on defining the mechanism of G2 arrest in @entity0 cells has concentrated on the @entity5 / @entity7 kinase. Activation of this kinase is suppressed by DNA damage, and this may result from the imposition of inhibitory phosphorylations on the @entity7 kinase as well as downregulation of @entity5 levels. The logical point where the G2 checkpoint interacts with the @entity7 - @entity6 autocatalytic loop to prevent @entity7 activation remains to be defined and could involve inhibition of @entity6 - @entity7 interaction. It is hoped that moving upstream of @entity7 towards the point where DNA damage is sensed by the cell will uncover homologues of @entity2 components implicated in G2 checkpoint control. The finding that certain G2 checkpoint abrogators preferentially synergize with DNA damaging agents in cells with defective @entity3 provides a potential pharmacological route through which @entity3 defective cells might be targeted for destruction. Further exploration of this vulnerability might prove useful for future anti- @entity1 drug discovery efforts.

title: @entity0 XXXX phase checkpoints.

answer: @entity8


abstract: This study aimed to explore the correlation between clinical symptoms, including @entity2 and @entity1 , and serum antibody reaction to enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection in @entity0 hospitalized due to @entity3 ( @entity3 ). From May 2014 to July 2014, a total of 547 @entity0 hospitalized due to @entity3 in @entity0 's Hospital of Fudan University were enrolled retrospectively. RNA levels of EV71 and CA16 in fecal, serum, and cerebrospinal fluid specimens were measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR, and EV71-IgM antibody in the serum was detected using immune colloidal gold assays. Of the 547 fecal specimens, 296 were EV71 RNA positive, 109 were CA16 RNA positive, and 8 were positive for both EV71 RNA and CA16 RNA. The total positive rate for either EV71 or CA16 in feces was 72.58% (397/547). Additionally, 544 serum specimens were collected, and 409 were EV71-IgM positive (75.18%). The duration of @entity2 and @entity1 was found to be correlated to the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM, and the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM plus EV71 RNA in feces. The positive rates of serum EV71-IgM and serum EV71-IgM plus EV71 RNA in fecal collected at day 3 of @entity1 were 79.7% and 52.8%, respectively. In conclusion, EV71 and CA16 were found to be the major pathogens responsible for the epidemics of @entity3 in @entity0 during May to July 2014 in Shanghai, China. There is a close relationship between the positive rate of serum EV71-IgM and the duration of @entity1 and @entity2 .

title: Relationship between serologic response and clinical symptoms in @entity0 with enterovirus 71- XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the efficacy of posterior subtenon's @entity5 injections versus grid laser photocoagulation (GLP) combined with posterior subtenon's @entity5 injection in eyes with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). METHODS: In this prospective clinical study, 42 eyes with @entity4 that showed a decrease in visual acuity (VA) were included. The first group consisted of 22 eyes that received a posterior subtenon's injection of 40   mg of @entity6 under topical anesthesia. The second group of 20 eyes received macular GLP applied 1 month after subtenon's @entity6 (STTA) injection. All @entity0 were evaluated at baseline and 1 day; 1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks; and 3 and 6 months after injection. In some @entity0 , injections were repeated after 3 months. The main outcome measures were VA, @entity3 ( @entity3 ), intraocular pressure, @entity1 progression, and frequency of complications. RESULTS: The mean baseline @entity3 for Group I was 456.85  56.90    m. The mean baseline @entity3 for Group II was 455.66  57    m. In the first group, mean CMTs for second week, 8th week, 12th week, and 6th month were 258.15, 276.50, 280.05, and 433.30    m, respectively. In the second group, mean CMTs for second week, 8th week, 12th week, and 6th month were 261.42, 272.76, 284.71, and 291.76    m, respectively. Before treatment, in the first group, the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) measured using a Snellen chart was 0.19, while the first week, third, and sixth month BCVA means were 0.59, 0.57, and 0.41, respectively. Before treatment, BCVA in the second group was 0.17, while the first week, third, and sixth month means were 0.61, 0.64, and 0.60, respectively. Treatment complications included @entity1 in 4 eyes and @entity2 in 1 eye. CONCLUSION: There is a temporary therapeutic effect of posterior subtenon's @entity5 injection without laser photocoagulation. GLP improves VA and reduces the risk of recurrent @entity4 after posterior STTA injection.

title: Posterior Subtenon's Capsule @entity6 Injection for the Treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: In our earlier studies, we reported high concentrations of intra- and extracellular @entity3 ions ( @entity2 ) in the deeper epidermis of @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and associated @entity1 . To determine the cause of this phenomenon, we measured total @entity3 (TCa) concentrations in the deeper epidermis and performed immunostaining of epidermal albumin, which binds to @entity2 . METHODS: This study included 45 @entity0 with @entity4 -stage 5, which was defined as severely reduced kidney function (i.e., estimated glomerular filtration rate less than 15 mL/min or on dialysis). Subjects were divided into the @entity1 group, consisting of @entity0 with mild, moderate, or severe @entity5 , and the non- @entity1 group, consisting of @entity0 with no or slight @entity1 . The particle-induced X- @entity6 emission method was used to measure elements including TCa. Furthermore, we have immunostained epidermal albumin using anti-albumin antibodies and compared the results in the @entity1 and non- @entity1 groups. RESULTS: The TCa concentration in the spinous layer of @entity0 with @entity4 with @entity4 -associated @entity1 was lower than in @entity0 with @entity4 without @entity1 (median [range], 395 [235-1,063] vs. 476 [342-1,243]  g/g). The intensity of epidermal albumin expression in the spinous layer was weaker in @entity0 with @entity4 with @entity4 -associated @entity1 than in those without. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity4 with @entity4 -associated @entity1 demonstrated higher @entity2 concentrations but lower TCa concentrations than @entity0 without @entity4 -associated @entity1 . This could be in part due to low concentrations of epidermal albumin, which binds to @entity2 , in those with @entity4 -associated @entity1 . These results clarify the pathophysiology of @entity4 -associated @entity1 , providing a valuable foundation for the future development of treatments for this condition.

title: Total XXXX and Albumin Are Decreased in the Deeper Epidermis of @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Abstract Primary objective: To use breath-hold functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to localize the brain regions with @entity2 (CVR) in a female @entity0 diagnosed with mild @entity3 (mTBI). The extent of impaired CVR was evaluated 2 months after concussion. Follow-up scan was performed 1 year post-mTBI using the same breath-hold fMRI technique. Research design: Case report. Methods and procedures: fMRI blood oxygenation dependent level (BOLD) signals were measured under breath-hold challenge in a female mTBI @entity0 2 months after concussion followed by a second fMRI with breath-hold challenge 1 year later. CVR was expressed as the percentage change of BOLD signals per unit time of breath-hold. Main outcomes: In comparison with CVR measurement of normal control subjects, statistical maps of CVR revealed @entity4 and hemispheric asymmetry within grey and white matter in the initial breath-hold fMRI scan. Follow-up breath-hold fMRI performed 1 year post-mTBI demonstrated normalization of CVR accompanied with symptomatic recovery. Conclusions: CVR may serve as an imaging biomarker to detect subtle @entity1 for individual diagnosis of mTBI. The findings encourage further investigation of hypercapnic fMRI as a diagnostic tool for mTBI.

title: A case study of magnetic resonance imaging of cerebrovascular reactivity: A powerful imaging marker for mild XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity3 ) is an important brain, lung, and nose toxicant. Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase is the primary biochemical effect associated with lethal @entity3 exposure. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between the concentration of @entity1 and cytochrome oxidase activity in target tissues following acute exposure to sublethal concentrations of inhaled @entity3 . Hindbrain, lung, liver, and nasal (olfactory and respiratory epithelial) cytochrome oxidase activity and @entity1 concentrations were determined in adult male CD @entity0 immediately after a 3-h exposure to @entity3 (10, 30, 80, 200, and 400 ppm). We also determined lung @entity1 and @entity1 metabolite concentrations at 0, 1.5, 3, 3.25, 3.5, 4, 5, and 7 h after the start of a 3-h @entity3 exposure to 400 ppm. Lung @entity1 concentrations increased during @entity3 exposure and rapidly returned to endogenous levels within 15 min after the cessation of the 400-ppm exposure. Lung @entity1 metabolite concentrations were transiently increased immediately after the end of the 3-h @entity3 exposure. Decreased cytochrome oxidase activity was observed in the olfactory epithelium following exposure to > or = 30 ppm @entity3 . Increased olfactory epithelial @entity1 concentrations were observed following exposure to 400 ppm @entity3 . Hindbrain and nasal respiratory epithelial @entity1 concentrations were unaffected by acute @entity3 exposure. Nasal respiratory epithelial cytochrome oxidase activity was reduced following acute exposure to > or = 30 ppm @entity3 . Liver @entity1 concentrations were increased following exposure to > or = 200 ppm @entity3 and cytochrome oxidase activity was increased following inhalation exposure to > or = 10 ppm @entity3 . Our results suggest that cytochrome oxidase inhibition is a sensitive biomarker of @entity3 exposure in target tissues, and @entity1 concentrations are unlikely to increase postexposure in the brain, lung, or nose following a single 3-h exposure to < or = 30 ppm @entity3 .

title: Cytochrome oxidase inhibition induced by acute XXXX inhalation: correlation with tissue @entity1 concentrations in the @entity0 brain, liver, lung, and nasal epithelium.

answer: @entity2


abstract: This study aimed to gain insight into the gatekeeper role of surgeons and gastroenterologists (including residents) during a first consultation at a tertiary gastro-intestinal centre regarding referral for genetic counselling, and to test the feasibility of a checklist for indications for referral. Consecutive @entity0 were invited before and after introduction of a checklist, to complete a questionnaire assessing their perception of discussing @entity1 . Initial consultations were audiotaped to assess the quality of this discussion by gastroenterologists and surgeons. Data on completeness of the checklist and referral were collected from medical files. No significant differences were found between the Before and After group regarding @entity0 ' reports of discussing @entity1 in the family (77  %, n  =  34 vs 89  %, n  =  33, p  =  0.16). In 28  % (n  =  10) of the audiotaped consultations family history was adequately discussed, in 58  % (n  =  21) it was considered inadequate and in 14  % (n  =  5) of consultations it was not discussed at all. A checklist was present in 53  % (n  =  27) of the medical files. Of these, 5 (19  %) were incomplete. Gastroenterologists and surgeons (in training) have difficulty in fulfilling their gatekeeper role of recognizing @entity0 at familial risk for @entity2 . Although they often discuss @entity1 during the initial consultation, their exploration seems insufficient to reveal indications for referral for genetic counselling. Therefore, healthcare professionals should not only understand genetics and the importance of @entity1 family history, but also be effective in the communication of this subject to enable more adequate referral of @entity0 for genetic counselling.

title: Gatekeeper role of gastroenterologists and surgeons in recognising and discussing familial XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: A polymorphism ( @entity6 ) in @entity7 ( @entity7 ) gene alters intracellular signal transduction, which may cause motor or sensory abnormalities in the gastrointestinal tract. @entity8 ( @entity8 ) gene @entity5 polymorphism is associated with a defective splicing of the primary transcript of @entity8 mRNA, which may modulate satiety signal and delay gastric emptying. Therefore, we evaluated the role of these polymorphisms in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) as compared with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 237 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 (Rome III) and 250 @entity1 were genotyped for @entity7 @entity6 and @entity8 T/C polymorphisms (PCR-RFLP). RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity3 [173 (73%) @entity0 , age: 38  12 years] were comparable with @entity1 [195 (78%) @entity0 , age: 37  12 years] with respect to age and sex. Out of 237 @entity0 , 26 (11%) had @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 55 (23.2%) had @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and 156 (65.8%) had @entity2 - @entity4 overlap. Among 237 @entity0 with @entity3 , TT genotype (associated with increased intracellular signal transduction) of @entity7 @entity6 polymorphism was more common among @entity0 than among @entity1 [26 (11%) vs. 12 (4.8%), P=0.014; odds ratio (OR): 2.47, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.2-5.1]. CC (variant) genotype of @entity8 @entity5 polymorphism was infrequent among @entity0 than among @entity1 [19 (8%) vs. 46 (18.4%), P=0.001; OR: 0.36, 95% CI: 0.19-0.66]. However, these polymorphisms were comparable among @entity0 with different subtypes of @entity3 (P=0.80 and 0.44). CONCLUSION: TT genotype of @entity7 @entity6 is more common among @entity0 with @entity3 than among @entity1 , suggesting that increased signal transduction associated with this genotype may be important in its pathophysiology. However, @entity8 polymorphism is protective against @entity3 .

title: Functional @entity3 is associated with @entity7 @entity6 and @entity8 XXXX polymorphism.

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity0 @entity2 has been implicated in antitumorigenic and antiangiogenic activities, independent of its ribonuclease capacities. We constructed a truncated version of @entity0 @entity2 , starting at E50 ( @entity3 -50) and devoid of ribonuclease activity. @entity3 -50 maintained its ability to bind actin and to inhibit angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. @entity3 -50 binds to cell surface actin and formed a complex with actin in vitro. The antiangiogenic effect of this protein was demonstrated in @entity0 umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) by its ability to arrest tube formation on Matrigel, induced by angiogenic factors. Immunofluorescence staining of HUVECs showed nuclear and cytosolic @entity2 protein that was no longer detectable inside the cell following @entity3 -50 treatment. This effect was associated with disruption of the intracellular actin network. @entity3 -50 co-localized with angiogenin, suggesting that both molecules bind (or compete) for similar cellular epitopes. Moreover, @entity3 -50 led to a significant @entity1 development. Histological analysis demonstrated abundant necrotic tissue and a substantial loss of endothelial structure in @entity3 -50-treated @entity1 . Collectively, the present results indicate that @entity3 -50, a molecule engineered to be deficient of its catalytic activity, still maintained its actin binding and anticancer-related biological activities. We therefore suggest that @entity3 -50 may serve as a potential @entity1 therapeutic agent.

title: XXXX recombinant truncated @entity2 , devoid of RNase activity; A potential @entity1 therapeutic agent.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Sixty-one @entity0 with clinical low-stage (Jackson Stage I) and 22 @entity0 with clinical high-stage (Jackson Stage II or III or T3-4N0-1M0) @entity3 who were seen between 1952 and 1979 and followed for at least 3 years or until death were reviewed. The majority of @entity0 with @entity1 were treated with partial penectomy, either with or without ilioinguinal lymphadenectomy. The remainder of @entity0 with these early small lesions were treated with local excision or circumcision. Forty-one of the @entity0 with this early @entity1 (Jackson Stage I or Tcis, T1N0M0 or T2N0M0) survived at least 3 years and were considered cured. The other 20 @entity0 died of @entity1 (12 cases) or unrelated disease (8 cases). If the @entity0 who died of other diseases are excluded, the corrected 5-year survival rate was 77%. Treatment failure was primarily due to metachronous inguinal metastases after initial treatment of the primary @entity1 and failure of response of metastatic disease to salvage treatment. Four factors probably were associated with a poor prognosis: large primary @entity1 , moderately to poorly differentiated @entity1 , younger age at onset, and inadequate initial treatment. In advanced (Jackson Stages II and III) disease, treatment by partial or total penectomy alone or in combination with radiation to inguinal nodes after penectomy produced 3-year or longer survival in only 2 of 9 @entity0 , whereas treatment by early extended excision of both the @entity2 and the ilioinguinal lymph nodes produced 3-year or longer survival in 11 of 13 @entity0 . The results suggest that local excision is appropriate only for @entity3 in situ. Partial penectomy and monthly follow-up for at least 1 year is appropriate for @entity0 with small, well-differentiated @entity1 . @entity0 who have large or moderately to poorly differentiated @entity1 probably should undergo partial or total penectomy and immediate ilioinguinal lymphadenectomy.

title: XXXX . Prognosis and treatment plans.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Many families experience difficulty in talking about an @entity1 that affects one or more of them. There have now been a number of studies identifying the issues in detail, however few have developed interventions to assist families. The SPRinG collaborative have used the UK Medical Research Council's guidance on Developing and Evaluating Complex Interventions, to work with families and genetic counsellors (GCs) to co-design a psycho-educational intervention to facilitate family communication and promote better coping and adaptation to living with an @entity1 for parents and their @entity0 (<18 years). The intervention is modelled on multi-family discussion groups (MFDGs) used in psychiatric settings. The MFDG was developed and tested over three phases. First focus groups with parents, young @entity0 , @entity0 and health professionals discussed whether MFDG was acceptable and proposed a suitable design. Using evidence and focus group data, the intervention and a training manual were developed and three GCs were trained in its delivery. Finally, a prototype MFDG was led by a family therapist and co-facilitated by the three GCs. Data analysis showed that families attending the focus groups and intervention thought MFDG highly beneficial, and the pilot sessions had a significant impact on their family' functioning. We also demonstrated that it is possible to train GCs to deliver the MFDG intervention. Further studies are now required to test the feasibility of undertaking a definitive randomised controlled trial to evaluate its effectiveness in improving family outcomes before implementing into genetic counselling practice.European Journal of @entity0 Genetics advance online publication, 7 October 2015; doi:10.1038/ejhg.2015.215.

title: Developing an intervention to facilitate family communication about XXXX , and training genetic counsellors in its delivery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The diagnosis of essential @entity4 and @entity7 vera is often made during a thrombotic event which can be serious. Philadelphia-negative @entity1 @entity0 have an increased thrombotic risk. This is assessed using various scoring systems but these are far from ideal and individual risk. The currend trend to personalised medicine requires finding the most useful thrombotic risk biomarker in these @entity0 . Routine tests for coagulation do not take account of both pro- and anti-coagulant factors which is why these tests are not useful in @entity0 with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative @entity1 . @entity2 generation reflects more accurately the balance between pro- and anti-coagulant factors. Some parameters of @entity2 generation such as the endogenous @entity2 potential are higher in Philadelphia-negative @entity1 @entity0 , especially in @entity5 @entity6 carriers than in healthy controls. They are even higher in those with reactive @entity4 . The @entity5 @entity6 allele burden correlates more with a higher @entity2 generation potential in @entity0 who are not treated with @entity8 . Instead, @entity5 @entity6 -positive @entity0 with Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative @entity1 were the most sensitive to @entity8 , as was reflected in lower values of platelet @entity2 generation potential. The use of @entity2 generation examination in these @entity0 would enable detection of imminent @entity3 and personalised prophylactic management.

title: XXXX generation - a potentially useful biomarker of thrombotic risk in Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Both @entity4 and @entity3 have been noted to occur in some @entity0 treated with @entity7 for @entity1 . To determine the frequency of the development of @entity2 in @entity0 receiving @entity7 , 45 euthyroid @entity0 were prospectively evaluated. Serum samples were obtained for measurement of @entity6 , @entity8 , @entity5 , and @entity5 resin uptake prior to initiation of @entity7 treatment and serially over a 12- to 27-month period during which @entity7 was administered. The @entity0 were divided into four subgroups as follows: Group I (n = 22) had elevated @entity6 levels, Group IIA (n = 13) had normal @entity6 levels and normal thyrotropin levels, Group IIB (n = 7) had normal @entity6 levels and elevated thyrotropin levels, and Group III (n = 3) had subnormal @entity6 levels. Demographic factors (such as route of administration, cardiac diagnosis, sex of the @entity0 , or indication for @entity7 therapy) and @entity7 levels had no significant effect on the thyroid hormone parameters. However, Group I @entity0 were statistically older than the @entity0 in the other groups. Linear regression analysis revealed a negative correlation for @entity6 levels and a positive correlation with thyrotropin levels with age for the whole group. The various groups were not statistically affected by duration of therapy, but a positive trend existed for increasing @entity6 levels. Although virtually all @entity0 showed changes in their thyroid hormone levels, chemical @entity4 (elevated @entity6 and @entity5 levels without symptoms) developed in only two @entity0 (4 percent), and clinical @entity4 (elevated @entity6 and @entity5 levels with symptoms) developed in no @entity0 . Four @entity0 (9 percent) became biochemically and clinically @entity3 . Thus, @entity7 frequently influences thyroid hormonal parameters, but less commonly causes a change in actual thyroid function. However, @entity4 and @entity3 do occur in a significant number of @entity0 .

title: Effect of long-term XXXX therapy on thyroid hormone levels and thyroid function.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: There are currently no published data on @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or its prevention in @entity0 . Our study was aimed to analyze the safety and complications of large volume paracentesis (LVP) in @entity0 with severe @entity2 due to @entity1 with or without albumin therapy. METHODS: A prospective longitudinal observational study enrolled @entity0 with severe @entity2 who underwent single time LVP at admission. They were divided into albumin infused (AI) and albumin non-infused (ANI) groups. Hemodynamic monitoring and laboratory parameters including plasma @entity3 activity (PRA) were compared between baseline, 48h and day 6 of LVP. Their outcome at 3months and maximal follow-up were noted. RESULTS: 32 @entity0 (AI, n=17; ANI, n=15) had comparable baseline characteristics and 90.6% had high PRA at onset. The incidence of @entity4 was 37.5% (ANI: 67%; AI: 12%, p=0.003), occurred if ascitic fluid extraction was >197.5ml/kg (sensitivity: 90%; specificity: 50%, p=0.01) and if flow rate was higher in ANI group (1224  476 vs. 678  214ml/h, p=0.009). ANI @entity0 were susceptible to asymptomatic, persistent @entity5 (baseline vs. day 6, 131  4 vs. 128  6mEq/L; p=0.04) and had higher rates of recurrent @entity2 (42%) and hospital readmission (67%) within 3months. No survival benefit among the AI or non- @entity4 groups was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: LVP is safe in all age groups, best performed under albumin cover to overcome the problems of @entity4 and @entity5 . It is prudent to restrict volume extraction to less than 200ml/kg actual dry weight for all and flow rate of 680ml/h in ANI.

title: Safety, complications and outcome of large volume paracentesis with or without albumin therapy in @entity0 with severe XXXX due to @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Twelve @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 were studied to determine the effects of changes in head posture on the specific patterns of cervical muscle activity. Turns analysis was used to quantify muscle activity underlying @entity1 , recorded simultaneously from the agonist and antagonist muscle pairs bilaterally ( @entity4 [ @entity4 ] and splenius [SPL]). Muscle activity was compared between the uncompensated @entity2 and during the maintenance of midposition. In addition, @entity0 were separated into two groups (geste = 6; no geste = 6) based on whether they had a clinically efficacious geste to determine the effect of geste on patterns of cervical muscle activity. Muscle activity was measured during the maintenance of midposition with and without a clinical or simulated geste. Differences in muscle activity between the groups and postures were compared using repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) analyses. The four muscles tested showed a significant difference in muscle activity in the uncompensated @entity2 as a result of the increased activity in the agonist muscle pair ( @entity4 and SPL responsible for the @entity2 ) (EMG amplitude: F[1,11] = 18.81, p = 0.0012; EMG frequency: F[1,11] = 32.07, p = 0.0001). Maintaining the head in the midposition was associated with a significant reduction in muscle activity compared with the uncompensated @entity2 (EMG amplitude: F[1,9] = 6.36, p < 0.033; EMG frequency: F[1,9] = 10.96, p < 0.0091). This reduction in midposition muscle activity was significantly greater in the agonist muscle pair (EMG amplitude: F[1,10] = 19.70, p = 0.0013; EMG frequency: F[1,10] = 44.67, p < 0.0001). In the @entity0 with clinically effective geste, there was no additional reduction in muscle activity observed in the midposition when they performed their geste (EMG amplitude: F[1,9] = 4.63, p = 0.060; EMG frequency: F[1,9] = 1.22, p = 0.298). These findings suggest that @entity3 with rotation is characterized by predominantly increased agonist muscle activation. @entity0 with @entity3 retain the ability to modulate this involuntary agonist muscle activity to maintain the head in the midposition. The maintenance of the midposition does not seem to be facilitated by geste.

title: The effect of changes in head posture on the patterns of muscle activity in XXXX ( @entity3 ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is indicated by @entity5 deposits in the coronary artery wall. Calcification is a component of @entity7 and @entity4 . Currently, there are no data on calcification in Saudi @entity0 at high risk of @entity4 . The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and percentiles of @entity6 score in high-risk asymptotic @entity0 in Saudi Arabia with comparison of age-specific @entity6 percentiles derived from large population-based published study in the United States. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective analysis of @entity6 scores (CACS) at a single tertiary care center. METHODS: Between January 2011 and April 2015, @entity0 referred for @entity6 screening because of the presence of one or more CAD risk factors were enrolled in the study. CT scans were interpreted by an experienced radiographic technologist, and confirmed by a radiologist. RESULTS: The study sample consisted of 918 @entity0 , mean (SD) age of 55 (11) years. All @entity0 were asymp.tomatic and referred by their primary care physician or cardiologist for @entity6 screening because presence of one or more CAD risks factors. CAD risk factors included @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity8 , family history of CAD, and @entity2 . Baseline CAD risk factors were remarkably higher than in the US comparator group. CACS for 25th, 50th, 75th, and 90th percentiles were calculated. The 75th and 90th CACS percentiles in Saudi @entity0 were significantly higher than the US percentiles. Age and @entity1 are the most independent predictor of severity of @entity6 . LIMITATIONS: A potential bias due to sample collection because data was from a single tertiary care center, the study was retrospective and the sample size was small. CONCLUSION: There are significantly higher CACS percentiles in Saudi @entity0 compared with international data. Application of available published percentiles to a local population is not applicable and underestimates the severity of subclinical @entity7 . A large local population-based study is warranted to establish local CACS percentiles for a better understanding CAD screening, diagnosis, and treatment.

title: Coronary artery XXXX score in high-risk asymptomatic @entity0 in Saudi Arabia.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Similarly to other reptiles, snakes are ectothermic animals and depend exclusively on the environment for the maintenance of their physiological, biochemical and immunological processes. Thus, changes in biochemical values can be expected due to seasonal influence. Twenty-two adult specimens of @entity4 amarali kept in captivity were used. Blood collections were done in two different seasons: winter (July 2004) and summer (January 2005) for the following assays: @entity2 , @entity3 aminotransferase (AST), @entity1 , @entity0 , total protein, and serum protein electrophoresis. The mean biochemical results found in summer and winter, respectively, were: 6.3    3.4 and 11.3    6.2 mg/dL for @entity2 ; 28.7    12.4 and 20.7    16.2 UI/L for AST; 26.3    17 and 17.4    6.8 mg/dL for @entity1 ; 67.3    30.2 and 69.7    38.5 mg/dL for @entity0 ; and 5.9    1.6 and 5.9    1.4 g/dL for total protein. Results regarding electrophoresis in summer and winter, respectively, were: 1.9    0.7 and 2.4    0.6 g/dL for albumin; 0.7    0.2 and 0.5    0.2 g/dL for a-globulin; 1.5    0.5 and 1.7    0.6 g/dL for b-globulin; and 1.8    0.5 and 1.5    0.5 g/dL for y-globulin. In the summer, there was a significant increase in AST and a decrease in @entity2 (p < 0.05). Serum protein electrophoresis showed a significant increase in a-globulin fraction (p < 0.05) in the same season. There were not significant differences between seasons for the remaining variables. Based on these results, the period of the year must be considered in the interpretation of some biochemical values for these animals.

title: Seasonal influence on biochemical profile and serum protein electrophoresis for XXXX amarali in captivity.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Overweight and @entity1 have reached epidemic proportions in Latin America. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to explore social and behavioral factors associated with @entity1 in Peruvian cities. DESIGN: Between 1998 and 2000 health examination surveys were conducted among adults in 1176 families identified in six cities. Stratified by social class, multistaged random sampling was used. Using body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)), @entity0 and @entity0 were classified into normal weight (BMI <25), @entity2 (BMI 25-29), or @entity1 (BMI > or =30); abdominal circumference (> or =94 cm in @entity0 and > or =84 cm in @entity0 ) further identified morbidity risk. Several demographic, social, and behavioral variables were collected following standardized procedures. RESULTS: Adjusting for age, 37% of @entity0 were categorized as normal weight, 40% @entity2 , and 23% @entity1 ; corresponding figures for @entity0 were 40, 44, and 16%. More developed cities, e.g., Lima, Arequipa, and @entity3 , had the largest prevalence of @entity2 and @entity1 for both @entity0 and @entity0 . Adjusted logistic models showed that BMI > or =25 was positively correlated with age; whereas, education was negatively associated, only among @entity0 . Other significant associated factors of @entity2 included city of residence, television viewing > or =4 h daily in @entity0 , and underestimation of body weight status. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed elevated rates of @entity2 across the income level spectrum. Factors such as urban development stage, income, education, and gender posed differential relationships with the risk of @entity2 and must be considered in designing future public health interventions. Underestimation of body weight status and sedentary behavior may also constitute specific areas of intervention.

title: Social class, family, and life-style factors associated with @entity2 and XXXX among adults in Peruvian cities.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The objective of this study was to review loss of response and need for adalimumab dose intensification in adult and pediatric @entity0 with @entity3 . Studies were identified through the electronic databases of MEDLINE and the annual meetings of @entity7 Week, of the United European Gastroenterology Week, and of the American College of Gastroenterology and the European Crohn's and @entity6 Organization meetings. Studies evaluating loss of efficacy and/or need for dose intensification were included. Thirty-nine studies were included. The mean percentage of loss of response to adalimumab among primary responders was 18.2% and the annual risk was 20.3% per @entity0 -year. The mean percentage of @entity0 who required dose intensification among primary responders to adalimumab was 37% and the annual risk was 24.8% per @entity0 -year. When considering initial responders and @entity0 with primary non-response, the mean percentage of @entity0 who needed an adalimumab dose escalation was 21.4% and the annual risk was 24.4% per @entity0 -year. Pooled analysis showed that dose escalation permitted response to be regained in 71.4% and remission in 39.9% of @entity0 . Predictors for loss of response or dose escalation were male gender, current/former smoker status, family history of @entity2 , isolated @entity5 , extra-intestinal manifestations, 80/40    mg induction therapy, longer disease duration, greater baseline @entity3 Activity Index, concomitant corticosteroid use, no deep remission at week 12, low serum trough concentrations of adalimumab, previous infliximab non-response and being previously treated with an anti- @entity1 @entity4 factor agent. Overall, around one fifth of adult @entity0 require dose intensification and experience a loss of response after initiation of adalimumab therapy. Adalimumab dose escalation permits response to be regained in the majority of @entity0 .

title: Loss of response and need for adalimumab dose intensification in XXXX : a systematic review.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) neurons in the hypothalamic @entity1 ( @entity1 ) are key components of the @entity2 , as they regulate the basal pulsatile release of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH). @entity1 @entity5 action is dependent on energy status, and unmasking metabolic factors responsible for modulating @entity1 @entity5 neurons is of great importance. One possible factor is @entity4 ( @entity4 ), an anorexigenic neuropeptide produced by brainstem preproglucagon neurons. Because GLP fiber projections and the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are abundant in the @entity1 , we hypothesized that @entity3 signaling could modulate @entity1 @entity5 action. Using ovariectomized @entity0 , we found that GLP-producing fibers come in close apposition with @entity1 @entity5 neurons; these neurons also contain @entity3 mRNA. Electrophysiological recordings revealed that liraglutide (a long-acting @entity3 agonist) increased action potential firing and caused a direct membrane depolarization of @entity1 @entity5 cells in brain slices. We determined that brainstem preproglucagon mRNA is decreased after a 48-h fast in @entity0 , a negative energy state in which @entity1 @entity5 expression and downstream GnRH/luteinizing hormone (LH) release are potently suppressed. However, activation of @entity3 signaling in fasted @entity0 with liraglutide was not sufficient to prevent LH inhibition. Furthermore, chronic central infusions of the @entity3 antagonist, exendin(9-39), in ad libitum-fed @entity0 did not alter @entity1 @entity5 mRNA or plasma LH. As a whole, these data identify a novel interaction of the @entity4 system with @entity1 @entity5 neurons but indicate that CNS @entity3 signaling alone is not critical for the maintenance of LH during fasting or normal feeding.

title: @entity3 Signaling Directly Activates Arcuate Nucleus XXXX Action in Brain Slices but Does not Rescue Luteinizing Hormone Inhibition in Ovariectomized @entity0 During Negative Energy Balance.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Current clinical practice guidelines recommend dosing anti- @entity3 drugs according to ideal body weight and provide dosing caps for most first-line agents. However, this recommendation may be placing corpulent @entity0 with @entity3 at risk as increased total body weight is associated with an increased risk of clinical failure. @entity0 with @entity1 are at an increased risk of developing @entity3 and typically weigh more than @entity0 with @entity3 alone. All these factors in-combination stress the importance of evaluating the effect of weight on the pharmacokinetics of first-line anti- @entity3 drugs. Multiple studies suggest the use of total body weight based dosing for @entity4 . Less data are available for @entity9 and @entity6 , but both appear to be candidates for total body weight based dosing. The study evaluating @entity8 concluded that no adjustment is required. However, the larger variability in @entity2 @entity0 is concerning as to whether "one size fits all" dosing is optimal for @entity8 . The vast majority of the @entity5 's pharmacokinetic variability is due to @entity10 *4 status. However, more extensive analysis of slow and fast metabolizers is needed to determine the effect of weight within each subgroup. @entity7 does not appear to be affected by weight, but doses of at least 800 mg are likely needed to optimize its pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment. Future pharmacokinetic evaluations should focus on recruiting a wide range of @entity0 weights. These analyses should take advantage of the full weight distribution instead of arbitrarily dichotomizing @entity0 into @entity2 vs. @entity2 @entity0 . A subsequent evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of optimized dosing regimens is needed.

title: Evolving Larger: Dosing @entity3 ( XXXX ) Drugs in an Obese World.

answer: @entity3


abstract: SETTING: Tarai districts, eastern Nepal. OBJECTIVES: To identify potential methods of increasing adherence to @entity1 ( @entity1 ) treatment by determining factors that @entity0 felt influenced adherence. METHODS: New @entity2 @entity0 registered from July to November 1998 with an outcome of non-adherence to treatment (NA) were identified from District @entity1 Registers, traced and interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. An equivalent number of adherent (A) @entity0 were interviewed. RESULTS: Of 81 NA @entity0 traced, 30 were interviewed, 16 had been incorrectly classified, age was incorrectly recorded in four, 13 had migrated and 18 were not found. The groups were similar in demographics, type and knowledge of @entity1 . More A @entity0 knew their diagnosis (P = 0.07) and reported haemoptysis as an initial symptom (P = 0.03). NA @entity0 had longer travel to a health facility (P < 0.001), and fewer had been informed by health care workers (HCW) about the consequences of not completing treatment. The most common reasons given for stopping treatment were side-effects, HCWs' mistakes or behaviour, and health service failure. Desire for cure and knowledge that @entity1 was curable were most the important reasons for completing treatment. CONCLUSION: Non-adherence seemed related to treatment delivery failures. The health system needs strengthening in Nepal. Intensified HCW training and supervision, better health education for @entity0 and families, more flexibility for treatment supervisors, adequate supplies for treatment centres and decentralisation of treatment delivery to the lowest health service level practicable are urgently needed.

title: Non-adherence to XXXX treatment in the eastern Tarai of Nepal.

answer: @entity1