abstract: BACKGROUND: Diplotaxis erucoides is a common weed of the Brassicaceae family widespread in southern and central Europe. METHODS: A total of 410 consecutive @entity0 referred for @entity2 study of @entity3 and/or @entity1 were skin tested with D. erucoides pollen, 14 proving positive. A purified D. erucoides pollen extract was prepared to perform quantitative skin tests, provocation tests, immunoblotting, and EIA inhibition in the 14 sensitized @entity0 . RESULTS: Three @entity0 , directly involved in viniculture, had @entity3 related to D. erucoides pollen. No D. erucoides-related symptoms were observed in most @entity0 , who were also sensitized to Artemisia pollen. RAST was positive in 12/14 @entity0 and nasal provocation tests in 9/12. The molecular masses of the most prevalent IgE-binding proteins ranged from 26 to 27.5 and from 31 to 34 kDa. D. erucoides pollen inhibited the IgE-binding of other sensitizing pollens in the three viniculture workers, whereas both Artemisia and D. erucoides pollen produced similar heterologous inhibition in the pooled serum of the remaining, nonclinically affected, D. erucoides-sensitized @entity0 . CONCLUSION: D. erucoides pollen may be an important prevalent aeroallergen, particularly in rural areas. It may act as an occupational allergen in vineyard workers, in whom it seems to be the primary sensitizing agent, playing a secondary cross-reactive role in other sensitized @entity0 .

title: XXXX to Diplotaxis erucoides pollen: occupational sensitization and cross-reactivity with other common pollens.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: By whole-body MRI (WBMRI), we aimed to examine the frequency and distribution of inflammatory and structural lesions in PsA @entity0 , @entity7 @entity0 and healthy subjects (HSs), to introduce global WBMRI @entity1 /damage scores, and to assess WBMRI's reproducibility and correlation with conventional MRI (convMRI). METHODS: WBMRI (3.0-T) of @entity0 with peripheral PsA (n = 18) or axial @entity7 (n = 18) and of @entity6 (n = 12) was examined for proportion of evaluable features (readability) and the presence and pattern of lesions in axial and @entity4 . Furthermore, global WBMRI scores of @entity1 and structural damage were constructed, and WBMRI findings were compared with clinical measures and convMRI ( @entity7 / @entity6 : spine and SI joints; PsA/ @entity6 : hand). RESULTS: The readability (92-100%) and reproducibility (intrareader intraclass correlation coefficient: 0.62-1.0) were high in spine/SI joint, but lower in the distal @entity4 . Wrists, shoulders, knees, ankles and @entity8 joints were most commonly involved, with frequency of @entity3 > @entity2 ( @entity2 ) > erosion. WBMRI global @entity2 scores of peripheral and axial joints were higher in PsA {median 7 [interquartile range (IQR) 3-15]} and @entity7 [8 (IQR 2-14)] than in HSs [2.5 (IQR 1-4.5)], both P < 0.05. WBMRI global structural damage scores (erosion, fat infiltration and @entity5 ) were higher in @entity7 [7 (IQR 3-12)] than HSs [1.5 (IQR 0-4.5)], P = 0.012. Correlations between WBMRI and convMRI spine and SI joint scores were    = 0.20-0.78. CONCLUSION: WBMRI allows simultaneous assessment of peripheral and axial joints in PsA and @entity7 , and the distribution of inflammatory and structural lesions and global scores can be determined. The study strongly encourages further development and longitudinal testing of WBMRI techniques and assessment methods in PsA and @entity7 .

title: Head-to-toe whole-body MRI in psoriatic arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis and healthy subjects: first steps towards global XXXX and damage scores of peripheral and axial joints.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: In a randomized trial, @entity8 monotherapy yielded longer survival than the best supportive care in @entity0 with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) previously treated with @entity6 -based chemotherapy, and combination chemotherapy regimens containing @entity8 have been assessed to enhance the efficacy of second-line chemotherapy. We conducted a phase I/II trial of @entity1 and @entity8 in @entity0 with recurrent @entity7 after @entity6 -based chemotherapy and with an ECOG performance status (PS) of 0 or 1. @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity8 administration was fixed at a dosage of 60 mg/m(2) on day 8, and @entity1 was administered on days 1 and 8. The starting dose level of @entity1 was 800 mg/m(2) (level 0), and the subsequent dose level of @entity1 was 1000 mg/m(2) (level +1). Treatment was repeated every 3 weeks. RESULTS: In the phase I study, 13 @entity0 were enrolled, and in the phase II study, 29 @entity0 were enrolled. @entity3 and omission of treatment on day 8 due to @entity10 (leukocyte count less than 3000/mm(3)) were dose-limiting @entity2 (DLTs). Three of six @entity0 experienced DLTs at level +1, which was the maximum tolerated dose. @entity1 800 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 plus @entity8 60 mg/m(2) on day 8 (level 0) was recommended for the phase II study. An objective response was observed in 8 (28%) of the 29 @entity0 . The median time to disease progression was 4.2 months (95% CI 0.9-7.7 months). The median survival time was 11.1 months (95% CI 9.9-12.4 months), and the 1-year survival rate was 41%. The most common @entity2 , though mild, was hematologic, and consisted of grade 4 @entity9 (18%), grade 3 @entity9 (11%), and grade 3 @entity5 (11%). There were no toxic deaths. Grade 3 non-hematologic @entity2 included @entity4 (4%) and @entity11 (4%). CONCLUSIONS: The combination chemotherapy of @entity1 and @entity8 is active and well tolerated in @entity0 with recurrent @entity7 after @entity6 -based chemotherapy and with a good PS.

title: Combination second-line chemotherapy with XXXX and @entity8 for recurrent @entity7 after @entity6 -containing chemotherapy: a phase I/II trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The aims of this study were (1) to determine the rate of ' @entity5 associated with @entity2 of the posterior cerebral fossa (PCF), spinal canal (SC) or central nervous system (CNS), and (2) to identify any clinical, @entity1 , radiological curve pattern or other variable which could justify magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) as complementary study. Fifty-six @entity0 with juvenile and @entity3 , were prospectively evaluated with MRI of the PCF and SC. All the @entity0 were categorized into four different groups according to neuro-anatomical abnormalities on MRI (groups A, B, C and D). Eleven @entity0 (19.6%) presented @entity2 of the PCF and SC (group A), four @entity0 (7.1%) presented pathological conditions of the CNS (group B) and three @entity0 (5.4%) presented anomalies at the osseous spine and abdomen (group C). The remaining 38 @entity0 (67.9%) presented with normal MRI results (group D). Of the @entity0 in group A, 81.8% were neurologically normal. In this group, the right and left thoracic curve patterns were seen in the same number of @entity0 (four of 11 each). Early diagnosis of @entity2 of the PCF, SC and CNS could be achieved in 26.7% of cases (groups A and B). The most significant finding was the chronological age: 36.4% of @entity0 in group A were under the age of 11 years. In addition, it would be recommended that in @entity0 with @entity4 and a surgical indication, MRI results should be to take into consideration as a complementary preoperative evaluation because four of 15 @entity0 (26.7%) with an indication for spinal fusion and who were neurologically normal, sustained some of the conditions included in groups A and B.

title: Juvenile and adolescent idiopathic XXXX : magnetic resonance imaging evaluation and clinical indications.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate if the first national insecticide-treated bed-net campaign in Burkina Faso, done in 2010, was followed by a decrease in childhood @entity1 in a district with high baseline transmission of the disease. METHODS: We obtained data on the prevalence of @entity2 parasitaemia in @entity0 aged 2 weeks to 36 months from @entity1 surveys in 2009 and 2011. We assessed morbidity in @entity0 younger than 5  years by comparing data from the Nouna health district's health management information system before and after the campaign in 2010. We analysed mortality data from 2008 to 2012 from Nouna's health and demographic surveillance system. FINDINGS: The bed-net campaign was associated with an increase in the reported use of insecticide-treated nets. In 2009, 73% (630/869) of @entity0 reportedly slept under nets. In 2011, 92% (449/487) did. The campaign had no effect on the proportion of young @entity0 with @entity2 parasitaemia after the rainy season; 52% (442/858) in 2009 and 53% (263/499) in 2011. Cases of @entity1 increased markedly after the campaign, as did the number of @entity0 presenting with other diseases. The campaign was not associated with any changes in @entity0 mortality. CONCLUSION: The 2010 insecticide-treated net campaign in Burkina Faso was not associated with a decrease in care-seeking for @entity1 or all-cause mortality in @entity0 younger than 5  years. The most likely explanation is the high coverage of nets in the study area before the campaign which could have had an effect on mosquito vectors, limiting the campaign's impact.

title: An insecticide-treated bed-net campaign and childhood XXXX in Burkina Faso.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) encompasses collagenous and @entity8 and is characterized by chronic @entity1 . In cases of @entity6 , colonic mucosae are macroscopically normal, and diagnostic histopathological features are observed only upon microscopic examination. We designed a prospective multicenter study to determine the clinical features, pathological distribution in the colon and prevalence of @entity6 in Korea. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled @entity0 having watery @entity1 no more than 3 times a day between March 2008 and February 2009. We obtained @entity0 histories and performed colonoscopies with random biopsies at each colon segment. RESULTS: A total of 100 @entity0 with chronic @entity1 were enrolled for a normal colonoscopy and stool exam. @entity6 was observed in 22 @entity0 (22%) (M:F 1.2:1; mean age, 47.5 years). Of those 22 @entity0 , 18 had @entity8 and 4 had @entity7 . The entire colon was affected in only 3 cases (13.6%), the ascending colon in 6 cases (27.2%), the transverse colon in 3 cases (13.6%), and the left colon in 3 cases (13.6%). More than 2 segments were affected in 7 cases (31.8%). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-associated MCs were observed in 4 cases (18.2%), 3 of which showed improved @entity1 symptoms following discontinuation of the medication. Frequently associated symptoms were @entity3 and @entity2 . @entity4 were observed in 4 cases (18.2%). Half of the 22 @entity0 with @entity6 improved with conservative care by @entity5 or probiotics. CONCLUSIONS: In a prospective multicenter study of Korean @entity0 with chronic @entity1 , the frequency of @entity6 was found to be approximately 20%, similar to the percentage observed in Western countries. Therefore, the identification of @entity6 is important for the adequate management of Korean @entity0 with chronic @entity1 .

title: Clinical Characteristics of XXXX in Korea: Prospective Multicenter Study by KASID.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine Montreal Cognitive Assessment ( @entity5 ) performance in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with "normal" global cognition according to Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score. DESIGN: A cross-sectional comparison of the @entity5 and the MMSE. SETTING: Two @entity4 centers at the University of Pennsylvania and the Philadelphia Veterans Affairs Medical Center. @entity0 : A convenience sample of 131 @entity0 with idiopathic @entity3 who were screened for cognitive and @entity2 complications. MEASUREMENTS: Subjects were administered the @entity5 and MMSE, and only subjects defined as having a normal age- and education-adjusted MMSE score were included in the analyses (N=100). As previously recommended in @entity0 without @entity3 , a @entity5 score less than 26 was used to indicate the presence of at least @entity1 ( @entity1 ). RESULTS: Mean MMSE and @entity5 scores+/-standard deviation were 28.8+/-1.1 and 24.9+/-3.1, respectively. More than half (52.0%) of subjects with normal MMSE scores had @entity1 according to their @entity5 score. Impairments were seen in numerous cognitive domains, including memory, visuospatial and executive abilities, attention, and language. Predictors of @entity1 on the @entity5 using univariate analyses were male sex, older age, lower educational level, and greater disease severity; older age was the only predictor in a multivariate model. CONCLUSION: Approximately half of @entity0 with @entity3 with a normal MMSE score have @entity1 based on the recommended @entity5 cutoff score. These results suggest that @entity1 is common in @entity3 and that the @entity5 is a more sensitive instrument than the MMSE for its detection.

title: Montreal cognitive assessment performance in @entity0 with XXXX with "normal" global cognition according to mini-mental state examination score.

answer: @entity3


abstract: In the adult frog, structural asymmetry of the left dorsal habenula in respect to the right counterpart has been repeatedly documented in previous studies. In the present investigation, histochemical expression of @entity2 ( @entity1 )-diaphorase activity was examined in the habenulae of the developing and adult Rana esculenta. In tadpoles and during metamorphosis, selective neuropil staining was consistently found within a lateral compartment of the medial subnucleus of the left dorsal habenula. The staining was still present in the same location, but much less intense, in the mature frog, indicating that the neurochemical pattern observed during development was at least in part transient. Thus, the present data point out a peculiar neurochemical pattern of the habenular asymmetry in the frog, suggesting that @entity0 may be involved in the developmental shaping which leads to an asymmetrical configuration of the habenulae. In addition, @entity1 -diaphorase-positive cells were detected in the frontal organ (the extracranial component of the pineal complex in strict relationship with the habenulae in the frog), and labeled fibers were found in the frontal nerve, which arises from the frontal organ. This latter finding supports the postulated relationship of the habenular asymmetry with the occurrence of the frontal organ. The finding of @entity1 -diaphorase histochemical reactivity confined to a distinct portion of the medial subnucleus of the left dorsal habenula prompted a reexamination of the cytoarchitecture of the developing and mature habenular complex in the frog. The bicompartmentalization detected with histochemistry in the medial subnucleus of the left dorsal habenula of the developing and adult frog was fully supported by the study of Nissl-stained epithalamic sections. These data point out that the left-right structural differences of the frog habenular complex are more complex than previously believed, and may be subserved by chemically regulated developmental processes.

title: XXXX synthase activity reveals an asymmetrical organization of the frog habenulae during development: A histochemical and cytoarchitectonic study from tadpoles to the mature Rana esculenta, with notes on the pineal complex.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to inspect the clinical characteristics, surgical approaches, functional preservation, and complications of petrous bone @entity3 and to propose appropriate surgical approaches based on long-term follow-up cases and previous reports in the literature. METHODS: The medical records of 31 @entity0 who underwent surgery for petrous bone @entity3 between 1990 and 2011 at two tertiary referral hospitals were retrospectively analyzed with regard to the classification, type of surgical approach, preservation of @entity2 , and recurrence. RESULTS: Of 31 cases, 16 were supralabyrinthine (class I), 1 was infralabyrinthine-apical (class III), 13 were massive (class IV), and 1 was apical (class V). @entity1 was found in 35.5% of the cases (11 cases). Hearing was preserved in 11 of 22 @entity0 who had better than a 50-dB hearing level of bone conduction pure tone average preoperatively. Preoperative hearing was preserved in only four of the @entity0 in class I (supralabyrinthine). Facial function was preserved or improved in 29 @entity0 (93.5%). CONCLUSION: Complete removal of @entity3 of petrous bone can be achieved by choosing the appropriate approach based on location and extent. Facial function was preserved postoperatively in most reviewed cases. Auditory function could not be preserved postoperatively in some cases, but preserving residual hearing levels can be accomplished mostly in supralabyrinthine @entity3 with the appropriate surgical approach.

title: Hearing and facial function after surgical removal of XXXX involving petrous bone.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the visual results of excimer laser photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) to treat pediatric @entity0 with amblyopic @entity3 in whom conventional @entity2 treatments have failed. SETTING: Instituto Oftalmol  gico de Alicante, University of Alicante, Spain. METHODS: Six @entity0 aged 5 to 7 years with amblyopic @entity3 were treated by PRK in the more myopic eye using a VISX Twenty-Twenty excimer laser. Minimum preoperative refraction in the amblyopic eyes ranged from -4.00 to -13.00 diopters and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), from 20/40 to 20/400. All cases completed a minimum of 2 years follow-up of antiamblyopic treatment. RESULTS: After PRK, preoperative BCVA was maintained without optical correction and complementary refraction resulted in increased BCVA in every case. One @entity0 with @entity1 developed severe haze. There were no other significant complications. CONCLUSION: Our results indicate that PRK may be an alternative for the correction of pediatric @entity3 and an important aid in treating @entity2 . When other therapies have failed, using PRK in @entity0 of the ages in this study must be carefully evaluated; however, our results suggest a beneficial effect.

title: Photorefractive keratectomy for pediatric XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Chronic infantile neurologic, cutaneous, articular (CINCA) syndrome, also known as @entity2 ( @entity2 ), is a dominantly @entity1 . Although heterozygous germline gain-of-function @entity4 mutations are a known cause of this disease, conventional genetic analyses fail to detect disease-causing mutations in    40% of @entity0 . Since somatic @entity4 mosaicism has been detected in several mutation-negative @entity2 / @entity2 @entity0 , we undertook this study to determine the precise contribution of somatic @entity4 mosaicism to the etiology of @entity2 / @entity2 . METHODS: An international case-control study was performed to detect somatic @entity4 mosaicism in @entity2 / @entity2 @entity0 who had shown no mutation during conventional sequencing. Subcloning and sequencing of @entity4 was performed in these mutation-negative @entity2 / @entity2 @entity0 and their healthy relatives. Clinical features were analyzed to identify potential genotype-phenotype associations. RESULTS: Somatic @entity4 mosaicism was identified in 18 of the 26 @entity0 (69.2%). Estimates of the level of mosaicism ranged from 4.2% to 35.8% (mean    SD 12.1    7.9%). Mosaicism was not detected in any of the 19 healthy relatives (18 of 26 @entity0 versus 0 of 19 relatives; P < 0.0001). In vitro functional assays indicated that the detected somatic @entity4 mutations had disease-causing functional effects. No differences in @entity4 mosaicism were detected between different cell lineages. Among nondescript clinical features, a lower incidence of @entity3 was noted in @entity0 with somatic mosaicism. Genotype-matched comparison confirmed that @entity0 with somatic @entity4 mosaicism presented with milder neurologic symptoms. CONCLUSION: Somatic @entity4 mutations were identified in 69.2% of @entity0 with mutation-negative @entity2 / @entity2 . This indicates that somatic @entity4 mosaicism is a major cause of @entity2 / @entity2 .

title: High incidence of XXXX somatic mosaicism in @entity0 with chronic infantile neurologic, cutaneous, articular syndrome: results of an International Multicenter Collaborative Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: Parameters to predict outcome and the urodynamic effects during infusion of @entity6 , seem not to have been assessed in @entity0 with chronic @entity5 . We monitored bladder activity urodynamically during infusion of high dosage of @entity6 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty @entity0 , 18 @entity0 and 12 @entity0 (average age 29 years, range 20-59 years), suffering from chronic spinal @entity2 , who presented a refractory @entity1 , were studied. They received saline solution containing 10(-3) M @entity6 at a flow rate of 2 ml @entity3 ) for 15 min (total volume 30 c.c.). The detrusor activity was monitored by a real-time cystometrogram during infusion and 15 min after the end of the infusion itself. New filling cystometrograms were recorded after 30 days and after 6 months. RESULTS: We obtained a clinical and significant urodynamic improvement in 15 of the 30 @entity0 (50%), confirming that intravesical @entity6 may represent a therapeutic option for a selected group of @entity0 suffering from refractory @entity7 . Best results were observed in @entity0 who showed, during the infusion of @entity6 , early @entity4 which disappeared within 10-12 min from the beginning of the infusion (desensitisation). The @entity0 of this group presented a significant increase of mean cystomanometric capacity after 6 months (from 190.7 to 396.7 ml). No significant clinical or urodynamic improvement was observed in the group of @entity0 in whom uninhibited activity of detrusor was recorded for all the time of infusion. CONCLUSION: Our results support the idea of a major complexity of spinal reflex in paraplegic @entity0 and may offer a clue to explain the failure of therapy with @entity6 . The present results support a new approach in the treatment of @entity1 . The ideal dosage and treatment interval are not at present established and further studies are needed to explain substantial differences in the outcome according to different urodynamic responses.

title: Urodynamic assessment during intravesical infusion of @entity6 for the treatment of refractory XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Rotational injuries are the most common and usually classified as per the Lauge Hansen classification; with the most common subgroup being the supination external rotation (SER) mechanism. Isolated @entity3 of the distal fibula ( @entity5 ) without associated @entity2 are usually treated with a splint or brace and the @entity0 may be allowed to weight bear as tolerated. This study reports the functional outcomes following a stable, low energy, rotational @entity4 supination external rotation ( @entity6 ) when compared to unstable SER4 @entity3 treated operatively. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 64 @entity0 who were diagnosed and treated nonoperatively for a stable @entity6 @entity4 were followed prospectively. In the comparison group, 93 operatively treated fibular @entity3 were extracted from a prospectively collected database and evaluated comparison. Baseline characteristics obtained by trained interviewers at the time of injury included: @entity0 demographics, short form-36, short musculoskeletal functional assessment (SMFA) and American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) questionnaires. @entity0 were followed at 3, 6 and 12 months postsurgery. Additional information obtained at each followup point included any complications or evidence on @entity3 healing. Data were analyzed by the Student's t-test and theFisher's Exact Test to compare demographic and functional outcomes between the two cohorts. P < 0.05 was considered to be significant. RESULTS: The average of @entity0 ' age in the stable @entity3 cohort was 43 versus 45 in the SER4 group. Nearly 64% of the @entity0 population was female when compared with 37% in the operative group. In the @entity6 by 6 months all @entity0 had returned to baseline functional status. There were 18 delayed unions (all healed by 6 months). Based on the functional outcome scores all @entity0 had returned to preoperative level. In comparison, SE4 @entity0 had less functional recovery at 3 and 6 months (P < 0.05) based on the SMFA scores and at 3, 6 and 12 months based on the AOFAS (P < 0.001) scores. There was no difference in pain levels between the two groups at all time points. There were three nonunions in the SE4 group and six delayed unions. CONCLUSIONS: An @entity6 @entity4 is a relatively benign @entity1 resolving by 3 months while the need for surgical fixation in SER @entity4 appears to affect lower extremity function to a greater degree for a longer time period. @entity0 should be counseled as to these expected outcomes.

title: Supination external rotation XXXX : A simpler pattern with better outcomes.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Overexpression of @entity2 and enhanced synthesis of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) have been implicated in @entity0 endometrial pathologies. To investigate the molecular role of @entity2 , the Ishikawa @entity0 endometrial epithelial cell line was stably transfected with the pIRES2 vector containing @entity2 cDNA in either the sense or antisense directions. @entity1 concentrations were significantly elevated in the cells transfected with the @entity2 sense compared with wild-type cells or cells transfected with the antisense cDNA (P < 0.01). Elevated @entity1 synthesis was associated with enhanced expression and signaling of @entity1 receptors (EP). cDNA array analysis revealed differential expression of @entity3 between the @entity2 sense and antisense cells. @entity3 RNA and protein expression was 6.7- and 2.1-fold lower in the @entity2 sense compared with @entity2 antisense cells respectively. @entity3 is known to cleave plasminogen to the potent antiangiogenic factor @entity5 . To investigate differential @entity5 generation, conditioned media from @entity2 sense, @entity2 antisense and wild-type cells were incubated with plasminogen and subsequently subjected to Western blot analysis. In comparison to wild-type cells, the cleavage of plasminogen to @entity5 was abolished when incubated in @entity2 sense cells conditioned media and elevated when incubated in @entity2 antisense cells conditioned media. Coincubation of plasminogen with the @entity3 inhibitor @entity4 inhibited the cleavage of plasminogen to @entity5 in the @entity2 antisense conditioned media. These data demonstrate that @entity2 exerts a negative feedback on the expression of @entity3 . This in turn reduces the generation of the antiangiogenic factor @entity5 , hence promoting a proangiogenic environment.

title: Cyclooxygenase-2 overexpression inhibits XXXX -mediated cleavage of plasminogen to the potent antiangiogenic factor @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of bile reflux in the development of @entity2 remains controversial. This was tested in a cohort of @entity0 who had undergone gastrectomy, a procedure often entailed by substantial bile reflux. METHODS: A population-based cohort study of @entity0 who had undergone gastrectomy for peptic @entity3 in 1964-2008 in Sweden. Follow-up for @entity1 and censoring for death were achieved through linkages to nationwide registries of @entity1 and Population, respectively. The number of observed @entity1 cases in the gastrectomy cohort was divided by the expected number, calculated from the incidence of the entire Swedish population of corresponding age, sex and calendar year. Relative risks were thus presented as standardised incidence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: After exclusion of all @entity0 -years the first year after surgery, the final gastrectomy cohort comprised of 19,767 @entity0 . These @entity0 were followed up for a median of 17 years, and contributed with a total of 348,231 @entity0 -years at risk. The observed number of @entity0 with @entity2 (n=7) was not higher than the expected (n=11.6), providing a standardised incidence ratio of 0.6 (95%CI 0.2-1.2). There were no clear differences between sexes, age groups or latency intervals after gastrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Gastrectomy for peptic @entity3 does not appear to increase the risk of @entity2 .

title: The risk of @entity2 after gastrectomy for peptic XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: RATIONALE: Computed tomographic (CT) radiography is the reference standard for imaging @entity5 complex (MAC) @entity2 . Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been shown to be comparable to CT for characterizing other pulmonary inflammatory conditions, but has not been rigorously tested for imaging MAC @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: To determine the feasibility of pulmonary MRI for imaging MAC @entity1 and to assess the degree of agreement between MRI and CT for assessing the anatomic features and lobar extent of MAC lung infections. METHODS: Twenty-five subjects with culture-confirmed MAC @entity1 and no identified coinfecting organisms were evaluated by thoracic MRI and then by chest CT imaging performed up to 1 week later. After deidentification, first the MRI and then the CT scans were scored 2 weeks apart by two chest radiologists working independently of one another. Discrepancies were resolved by a third chest radiologist. The scans were scored for @entity6 , consolidation or @entity4 , @entity3 , nodules, and mucus plugging using a three-point lobar scale (absent, <50% of lobe, and >50% of lobe). Agreement analyses and ordinary least products regressions were performed. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A fixed bias was found between total CT and MRI scores, with CT scoring higher on average (median difference: 4 on a scale of 48; interquartile range: 3, 6). Fixed biases were found for @entity6 and consolidation or @entity4 subscale scores. Both fixed and proportional biases were found between CT and MRI mucus plugging scores. No bias was found between CT and MRI nodule scores. There was nearly perfect lobar percent agreement for more conspicuous findings such as consolidation or @entity4 and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: In this exploratory study of 25 adult @entity0 with culture-proven MAC @entity2 , we found moderate agreement between MRI and CT for assessing the anatomic features and lobar extent of disease. Given the feasibility of chest MRI for this condition, future work is warranted to assess the clinical impact of MRI compared with CT in assessing progression of untreated MAC infection and response to treatment over time.

title: Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Initial Assessment of Isolated XXXX Complex @entity1 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The radiochemotherapy regimen concomitantly employing @entity7 ( @entity8 ) chemotherapy and radiotherapy (RT) 4 weeks after surgery, followed by 6 cycles of @entity8 is a common treatment for @entity6 ( @entity6 ). However, its median overall survival (OS) is only 14.6 months. This study was to explore the effectiveness and safety of early @entity8 chemotherapy between surgery and chemoradiotherapy plus the standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen. METHODS: A randomized, parallel group, open-label study of 99 newly diagnosed @entity6 @entity0 was conducted at 10 independent Chinese neurosurgical departments from June 2008 to June 2012. @entity0 were treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen plus early postsurgical @entity7 (early @entity8 group) or standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen (control group). Overall response was assessed based on objective @entity1 assessments, administration of corticosteroid and neurological status test. Hematological, biochemical, laboratory, adverse event (AE), and @entity3 were measured for 24 months of follow-up. The primary efficacy endpoint of this study was overall survival (OS). The secondary endpoint was progression free survival (PFS). RESULTS: The median OS time in the early @entity8 group was 17.6 months, compared with 13.2 months in the control group (log-rank test P = 0.021). In addition, the OS rate in the early @entity8 group was higher at 6, 12, and 18 months than in the control group, respectively (P < 0.05). The median PFS time was 8.7 months in the early @entity8 group and 10.4 months in the control group (log-rank test P = 0.695). AEs occurred in 29 (55.8%) and 31(73.8%) @entity0 respectively in early and control groups, including @entity4 (15.4% vs. 33.3%), @entity5 (7.7% vs. 28.6%), fever (7.7% vs. 11.9%), and @entity2 (3.8% vs. 23.8%). Only 30.8% and 33.3% were drug-related, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Addition of @entity8 chemotherapy in the early break of the standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen was well tolerated and significantly improved the OS of the @entity6 @entity0 , compared with standard concomitant radiochemotherapy regimen. However, a larger randomized trial is warranted to verify these results.

title: Does Early Postsurgical XXXX Plus Concomitant Radiochemotherapy Regimen Have Any Benefit in Newly-diagnosed @entity6 @entity0 ? A Multi-center, Randomized, Parallel, Open-label, Phase II Clinical Trial.

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 and @entity1 are well-known systemic therapies for moderate-to-severe chronic @entity4 . We conducted a randomized, controlled trial comparing @entity3 and @entity1 in terms of effectiveness, side effects, and the quality of life. METHODS: A total of 88 @entity0 with moderate-to-severe @entity4 were randomly assigned to treatment for 16 weeks with either @entity3 (44 @entity0 ; initial dose, 15 mg per week) or @entity1 (44 @entity0 ; initial dose, 3 mg per kilogram of body weight per day) and were followed for another 36 weeks. The primary outcome was the difference between groups in the @entity4 area-and-severity index after 16 weeks of treatment, after adjustment for base-line values; scores were determined in a blinded fashion by trained observers. RESULTS: Two @entity0 were excluded from the analysis after randomization because they were found to be ineligible, and one @entity0 withdrew his consent. Twelve @entity0 in the @entity3 group had to discontinue treatment because of reversible elevations in liver-enzyme levels, and 1 @entity0 in the @entity1 group had to do so because of an elevation in the @entity2 level, but all 13 were included in the analysis. After 16 weeks of treatment, the mean (+/-SE) score for the @entity4 area-and-severity index decreased from 13.4+/-3.6 at base line to 5.0+/-0.7 among 43 @entity0 treated with @entity3 , whereas the score decreased from 14.0+/-6.6 to 3.8+/-0.5 among 42 @entity0 treated with @entity1 . After adjustment for base-line values, the mean absolute difference in values at 16 weeks was 1.3 (95 percent confidence interval, -0.2 to 2.8; P=0.09). The physician's global assessment of the extent of @entity4 , the time to and the rates of remission, and the quality of life were similar in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: No significant differences in efficacy were found between @entity3 and @entity1 for the treatment of moderate-to-severe @entity4 .

title: @entity3 versus @entity1 in moderate-to-severe chronic XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Groin @entity1 following a transobturator (TO) midurethral sling is not uncommon and can be difficult to manage. We sought to determine if decreasing the mesh burden in the groin would decrease @entity1 . The primary objective was to compare the incidence of post-operative @entity1 following placement of full-length TVT-Obturator versus the shorter TVT-Abbrevo. Secondarily, we aimed to compare the efficacy between both devices 6  months after surgery. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study of all @entity0 who underwent a TO midurethral sling by the division of urogynecology at one institution between 1 January 2007 and 31 October 2013. Charts were reviewed and the incidence of post-operative @entity1 in the two groups dichotomized as present or absent and compared using a Chi-squared test. Validated questionnaire scores of the groups were compared using t tests. RESULTS: There were 125 @entity0 who received a TVT-Obturator and 100 @entity0 who received a TVT-Abbrevo. No differences in demographic data were present between the groups. Twelve @entity0 (9.6  %) in the TVT-Obturator group and 1 @entity0 (1  %) in the TVT-Abbrevo group experienced bothersome @entity1 (P value   =   0.007). The complete pre- and 6-month post-operative ISI, UDI-6 and PFIQ-7 scores were available for 76 (61  %), 47 (38  %), and 45 (36  %) @entity0 following TVT-Obturator and 57 (57  %), 30 (30  %), and 28 (28  %) following TVT-Abbrevo treatment. At 6  months the mean improvement in questionnaire scores for the TVT-Obturator and TVT-Abbrevo groups were as follows: 5.0 and 5.1 for ISI (P value   =   0.9), 8.3 and 7.9 for UDI-6 (P value   =   0.8), and 4.8 and 6.1 for PFIQ-7 (P value   =   0.4). CONCLUSION: Use of TVT-Abbrevo reduces post-operative @entity1 compared with the full-length TVT-Obturator, without any reduction in efficacy.

title: Decreasing transobturator sling XXXX without decreasing efficacy using TVT-Abbrevo.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Eccentric contractions, where the active muscle is stretched, can lead to @entity0 . One of the signs of damage is a rise in the whole-muscle passive @entity1 . Here we have asked, how many eccentric contractions are necessary to produce a measurable rise in passive @entity1 and can this be detected by the muscle's @entity1 sensors, the tendon organs? Responses of tendon organs of the medial gastrocnemius muscle of the anaesthetised cat were recorded during and after a series of eccentric contractions. The contractions were arranged so that the length change to which the muscle was subjected lay symmetrically about the optimum length for active @entity1 . Tendon organ responses were measured as a mean rate, calculated over a 1-mm length change during a slow stretch of the muscle. Progressive increases in passive @entity1 and tendon organ response were measured after each of a series of 1-100 eccentric contractions of the whole muscle, bundles of motor units and single motor units. One to two eccentric contractions of a single motor unit were sufficient to produce measurable rises in passive @entity1 and tendon organ response. After a series of eccentric contractions had been completed, passive @entity1 and tendon organ response were seen to continue rising with similar time-courses over the next 50 min. Both @entity1 and afferent response could be reduced by large passive stretches. There was also a large increase in the responses of tendon organs to combined stretch and vibration at 100 Hz after the eccentric contractions. All of this indicates that tendon organs are able to monitor the passive @entity1 changes in the muscle, thought to result from @entity0 produced by the eccentric contractions. The findings are relevant to known changes in proprioception and motor control after eccentric exercise.

title: Tendon organs as monitors of XXXX from eccentric contractions.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the natural history of @entity1 pellets implanted during @entity2 surgery. The study group consisted of @entity0 sustaining an @entity2 with intraarticular comminution or marginal impaction or both in whom @entity1 pellets were implanted in lieu of autologous bone graft. Between 1997 and 1999, 32 @entity2 were treated. Followup adequate to delineate pellet outcome, including radiographs and computed tomography, was obtained in 31 @entity0 . Evaluation of plain radiographs showed that the @entity1 pellets became undifferentiated from the surrounding bone at an average of 7 weeks postoperatively. In no case was a residual bony deficit seen. Computed tomography analysis showed that in 22 @entity0 , the pellets essentially had been (> 90%) replaced by bone and in four @entity0 , the majority (> 50%-90%) of the pellets had been replaced by bone. However, in five @entity0 , less than 50% of the pellets had been replaced by bone, including one showing no bony replacement. The common finding in @entity0 with an extensive residual deficit was direct communication of the pellets with the joint space shown on the postoperative computed tomography scan. @entity0 with the best results had complete containment of the pellets within bone. Therefore, it seems that implanted @entity1 pellets in contact with joint synovial fluid are at risk for resorption without significant bony response. If @entity1 pellets are to be implanted in a periarticular location, complete bony containment is desirable. Evaluation of the periacetabular bony response requires computed tomography scans, as plain radiographs are inadequate for this purpose.

title: XXXX used as bone graft substitute in @entity2 fixation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: @entity2 in @entity0 most often occur as a consequence of traffic accidents, during play and sport activities, and due to different pathological states. Diagnosis is rather simple and it includes physical and radiographical examination. @entity2 treatment in @entity0 can be operative and unoperative, depending on several facts: age, localisation and type of @entity2 , @entity1 of soft tissues, the presence of other injuries (in polytrauma), economical and social aspects, ect. The aim of this study was to present epidemiological characteristics of @entity2 , that is in the stage of development, including a special analysis of the used treatment techniques, as well as the comparison of the obtained data with those from the literature. METHODS: The evaluation included following parameters: age, gender, cause, localisation and type of femur @entity2 , applied treatment and hospitalisation duration. RESULTS: Among the presented 143 @entity0 with femur @entity2 , 109 were @entity0 and 34 were @entity0 (3.2:1 ratio; p = 0.0001). Average age for both genders was 8.6 years, and no difference between @entity0 and @entity0 were found for the age (p = 0.758). In total, the most common @entity2 was diaphyseal @entity2 of femur in 93 (65.03%) @entity0 . The second was proximal @entity2 in 30 (20.98%) @entity0 , and the last distal @entity2 of the femur in 20 (13.99%) @entity0 (p = 0.0001). Three main causes of femur @entity2 can be distinguished: during play and sport activities in 67 (46.8%) @entity0 , in traffic accidents in 64 (44.8%) @entity0 , and pathological @entity2 in 12 (8.4%) @entity0 . Inoperative treatment was applied in 82 (57.3%) @entity0 , and operative one in 61 (42.7%) @entity0 . The most common treatment was traction, in 71 (49.6%) @entity0 , followed by immobilization by hip spica cast mostly in young @entity0 . Intramedullar elastic nailing was applied in 16 (11.2%) cases, and intra-medullar rigid nailing (K  ntscher) in 19 (13.3%) cases. Significantly longer hospitalization period was detected after traction (21 days) comparing to other ways of treatment, mainly operative or hip spica cast (5 to 10 days). CONCLUSION: In young @entity0 the standard treatment was hip spica cast after traction. Intramedullar elastic nailing is a modern trend accepted as standard in our approach to femur @entity2 treatment in @entity0 .

title: [Pediatric femur XXXX , epidemiology and treatment].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Screenings, introduced in the 1920s, became rapidly popular in healthcare settings. Chance is an intrinsic screening characteristic. Roughly one half of screened subjects are correctly classified merely by chance, and in high-prevalence settings, even inaccurate screenings detect several diseased individuals by chance, thus appearing effective. The viewpoint is another variable affecting screening perceived effectiveness. For example, @entity2 , who seek for mortality rate reductions, look for high sensitivity, which, in turn, is affected by disease prevalence. The relative mortality rate reduction attributable to screening may therefore be significant in high-prevalence areas and irrelevant in low-prevalence areas. This explains why @entity1 visual screening is perceived effective in high-prevalence countries and ineffective in low-prevalence countries. @entity0 seek for reliable outcomes. Therefore, they require screenings with high positive (PV+) and negative (PV-) predictive values. In high-prevalence areas, PV+ is high, while PV- is low. The reverse occurs in low-prevalence areas. Thus, even for accurate screenings, the perceived effectiveness due to misclassification is low among false-negative @entity0 in high-prevalence areas, who are misclassified as unaffected by the disease, and among false-positive @entity0 in low-prevalence areas, who are subjected to psychophysical sufferings. This article explains the reasons for these and other paradoxes engendered by screening.

title: XXXX screening usefulness: between true and  perceived effectiveness.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Biofilm infection of breast implants significantly potentiates capsular @entity3 . This study investigated whether chronic biofilm infection could promote @entity2 . METHODS: In the @entity4 study, 12 textured and 12 smooth implants were inserted into three adult @entity4 . Implants were left in situ for a mean period of 8.75 months. In the @entity0 study, 57 capsules from @entity0 with Baker grade IV @entity3 were collected prospectively over a 4-year period. Biofilm and surrounding lymphocytes were analyzed using culture, nucleic acid, and visualization techniques. RESULTS: In the @entity4 study, all samples were positive for bacterial biofilm. There was a significant correlation between the bacterial numbers and grade of capsular @entity3 (p = 0.04). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that all lymphocytes were significantly more numerous on textured compared with smooth implants (p < 0.001). T cells accounted for the majority of the lymphocytic infiltrate. Imaging confirmed the presence of activated lymphocytes. In the @entity0 study, all capsules were positive for biofilm. Analysis of lymphocyte numbers showed a T-cell predominance (p < 0.001). There was a significant linear correlation between the number of T and B cells and the number of detected bacteria (p < 0.001). Subset analysis showed a significantly higher number of bacteria for @entity6 implants (p < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 around breast prostheses produces an increased T-cell response both in the @entity4 and in @entity0 . A possible link between bacterial biofilm and @entity2 is significant in light of breast implant-associated @entity5 . CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, V.

title: XXXX in breast implants is associated with an increased T-cell lymphocytic infiltrate: implications for breast implant-associated lymphoma.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Purpose. To determine the agreement between Moorfields Regression Analysis (MRA), @entity4 ( @entity4 ) of @entity5 nerve fibers thickness by iVue Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT). Methods. 72 eyes with @entity6 or @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were included in the study: 54 eyes had normal @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 18 had @entity2 . All subjects performed achromatic 30   @entity2 by Octopus Program G1X dynamic strategy and were imaged with HRT III and iVue OCT. Sectorial and global MRA, @entity4 , and OCT parameters were used for the analysis. Kappa statistic was used to assess the agreement between methods. Results. A significant agreement between iVue OCT and @entity4 for the inferotemporal quadrant (k: 0.555) was found in @entity0 with abnormal @entity2 . A good overall agreement between @entity4 and MRA was found in all the eyes tested (k: 0.511). A good agreement between iVue OCT and MRA was shown in the superonasal (k: 0.656) and nasal (k: 0.627) quadrants followed by the superotemporal (k: 0.602) and inferotemporal (k: 0.586) sectors in all the studied eyes. Conclusion. The highest percentages of agreement were found per quadrant of the MRA and the iVue OCT confirming that in @entity1 starts from the temporal hemiretina.

title: Evaluation of Agreement between HRT III and iVue OCT in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Unprocessed biomass fuel is the primary source of indoor air pollution (IAP) in developing countries. The use of biomass fuel has been linked with @entity0 . This study assesses sources of variations associated with the level of indoor @entity2 ( @entity1 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study examines household factors affecting the level of indoor pollution by measuring @entity1 . Repeated measurements of @entity1 were made using a passive diffusive sampler. A Saltzman colorimetric method using a spectrometer calibrated at 540 nm was employed to analyze the mass of @entity1 on the collection filter that was then subjected to a mass transfer equation to calculate the level of @entity1 for the 24 hours of sampling duration. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data on fuel use characteristics. Data entry and cleaning was done in EPI INFO version 6.04, while data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0. Analysis of variance, multiple linear regression and linear mixed model were used to isolate determining factors contributing to the variation of @entity1 concentration. RESULTS: A total of 17,215 air samples were fully analyzed during the study period. Wood and crop were principal source of household energy. Biomass fuel characteristics were strongly related to indoor @entity1 concentration in one-way analysis of variance. There was variation in repeated measurements of indoor @entity1 over time. In a linear mixed model regression analysis, highland setting, wet season, cooking, use of fire events at least twice a day, frequency of cooked food items, and interaction between ecology and season were predictors of indoor @entity1 concentration. The volume of the housing unit and the presence of kitchen showed little relevance in the level of @entity1 concentration. CONCLUSION: Agro-ecology, season, purpose of fire events, frequency of fire activities, frequency of cooking and physical conditions of housing are predictors of @entity1 concentration. Improved kitchen conditions and ventilation are highly recommended.

title: Sources of variation for indoor XXXX in rural residences of Ethiopia.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the feasibility of dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI ( @entity5 -MRI) and diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) in monitoring early therapeutic response to @entity4 in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) xenograft models. METHODS: @entity4 (40   mg   kg(-1)) was administered orally to BALB/c @entity2 (n   =   9) bearing subcutaneous @entity1 of @entity0 @entity3 ACHN xenografts. @entity5 -MRI and DWI were obtained 0, 1, 3 and 7 days after therapy, and @entity5 -MRI parameters (K(trans) and ve) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated. Tumour size and volume changes were correlated with changes in @entity5 -MRI parameters or ADC values after therapy. RESULTS: Following therapy, K(trans) showed a significant decrease over time (p   =   0.005), whereas ve did not demonstrate significant changes between time points (p   =   0.97). ADC values showed a progressive increase over time (p   =   0.004). Compared with pre-therapy, K(trans) showed a significant decrease after 3 days of therapy (p   =   0.039), and ADC values increased significantly after 7 days (p   =   0.039). Tumour size and volume did not show significant changes during 7 days. Tumour size and volume changes were not associated with changes in @entity5 -MRI parameters or ADC values. CONCLUSION: @entity5 -MRI and DWI may show early physiological changes within 1 week after initiating @entity4 treatment on @entity0 @entity3 xenografts. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: The quantitative parameters of @entity5 -MRI and DWI may offer the potential for assessing early therapeutic response to @entity4 in clinical trials.

title: Assessment of early therapeutic response to XXXX in @entity3 xenografts by dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the outcome of evisceration with primary orbital implant in @entity2 with and without fulminant @entity1 ( @entity4 / @entity5 ). METHODS: Retrospective nonrandomized comparative interventional case series. @entity0 with a minimum postoperative follow-up of 6 months were considered for inclusion. Thirty-four eyes of 34 @entity0 were included. Sixteen eyes were infective and 18 noninfective. Nonporous @entity3 implants were used for all cases and the main outcome measure was successful retention of the primary implant. Major and minor complications and successful prosthesis fitting were also noted. RESULTS: All except 3 cases were able to retain the primary implant successfully and all but 2 @entity0 underwent successful prosthesis fitting. Major complications included implant extrusion in 3 cases (2 infective, 1 noninfective) and implant exposure in 1 case (noninfective). The difference in major complications between the groups was not statistically significant (p   =   0.66, Fisher exact test). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that evisceration with primary orbital implant is a feasible option in fulminant @entity4 / @entity5 and provides a good postoperative cosmetic outcome to the anophthalmic socket at an economical cost.

title: Evisceration with Primary Orbital Implant in Fulminant XXXX / @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 is the second most common primary @entity3 . Cytogenetic data are available from close to 100 cases, including all subtypes of @entity4 . Specific chromosomal rearrangements have been identified only in extraskeletal @entity5 (EMC). Strong prognostic factors are largely missing, although size and, in particular, histologic @entity2 grade have been implicated. In the present study, we investigated the genomic aberrations in 59 @entity4 (six grade 1, 24 grade 2, and 29 grade 3, including dedifferentiated @entity2 ), excluding EMC, by chromosome banding analysis and DNA flow cytometry and correlated the findings with clinical outcome. Hyperhaploid to near-diploid karyotypes were found in half of the cases, and there was a good correlation between cytogenetics and flow cytometry data; discrepancies were seen primarily in cases with normal karyotypes and in those with -Y as the sole anomaly. Abnormal karyotypes, excluding those with -Y as the only change, were found in 36 cases. No recurrent structural aberration was found, but a nonrandom pattern of aberrations was seen. Total or partial gains and losses were the dominant karyotypic features. Genomic imbalances found in at least 10 cases included -1p36, -1p13-p22, -4, -5q13-q31, -6q22-qter, +7p13-pter, -9p22-pter, -10p, -10q24-qter, -11p13-pter, -11q25, +12q15-qter, -13q21-qter, -14q24-qter, -18p, -18q22-qter, +19, +20pter-q11, +21q, and -22q13. At the latest follow-up, 19 @entity0 had experienced distant metastases, and the 5-year @entity1 -free survival rate was 0.69. By univariate analysis, @entity2 grade and loss of material from 6q, 10p, 11p or 11q, 13q, and 22q were associated with impaired @entity1 -free survival. Only -13q was an independent prognostic factor for @entity1 , regardless of @entity2 grade or size.

title: Cytogenetic aberrations and their prognostic impact in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 with @entity4 (BECTS) is often associated with neural circuit dysfunction, particularly during the transient active state characterized by @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Little is known, however, about the functional neural circuit abnormalities in BECTS without @entity2 , or if such abnormalities could be used to differentiate BECTS @entity0 without @entity2 from healthy controls (HCs) for early diagnosis. To this end, we conducted resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI) and simultaneous Electroencephalogram (EEG) in @entity0 with BECTS (n   =   43) and age-matched HC (n   =   28). The simultaneous EEG recordings distinguished BECTS with @entity2 (n   =   20) from without @entity2 (n   =   23). Intrinsic brain activity was measured in all three groups using the amplitude of low frequency fluctuation at rest. Compared to HC, BECTS @entity0 with @entity2 exhibited an intrinsic activity abnormality in the thalamus, suggesting that @entity6 could contribute to IED emergence while @entity0 without @entity2 exhibited @entity5 in middle frontal gyrus and superior parietal gyrus. Using multivariate pattern classification analysis, we were able to differentiate BECTS without @entity2 from HCs with 88.23% accuracy. BECTS without @entity2 transients can be distinguished from HC and BECTS with @entity2 by unique regional abnormalities in resting brain activity. Both @entity3 as reflected by @entity1 as reflected by RS-fMRI may contribute to BECTS development and expression. Intrinsic brain activity and multivariate pattern classification techniques are promising tools to diagnose and differentiate BECTS syndromes. Hum Brain Mapp, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Intrinsic brain activity as a diagnostic biomarker in XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: To determine whether conversion from @entity2 (CsA) to @entity4 ( @entity9 )-based immunosuppressive therapy is safe and might lead to improvement in the clinical side effect profile we studied 55 cardiac allograft recipients. Ten stable @entity0 were electively converted (0.2-1.5 yr after transplantation; group I) and 45 @entity0 were converted on indication (0.5-14 yr after transplantation; group II). We studied blood pressure, @entity1 level and renal function in all @entity0 . To unravel the mechanisms by which @entity3 may exert its toxic effects and to evaluate whether conversion is associated with immune activation, we analyzed the @entity7 system and intragraft @entity5 and @entity8 mRNA expression by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and quantitative flow cytometry in the selectively converted @entity0 (group I). Conversion did not result in immune activation as no clinical, histological or molecular signs of immune activation (increased intragraft @entity5 and @entity8 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression) leading to rejection were found. It did not improve renal function neither in @entity0 group I nor in @entity0 group II. However, after conversion the blood pressure decreased (group I: systolic 154+/-16 vs 143+/-21 mmHg, p=0.03, diastolic: 99+/-11 vs 90+/-11, p=0.02 and group II: systolic 155+/-17 vs 142+/-14, p<0.001, diastolic: 99+/-11 vs 91+/-8 mmHg, p<0.001). Likewise, the @entity1 levels improved (group I: 6.6+/-0.5 vs 5.7+/-0.3 mmol/L, p=0.001 and group II: 7.1+/-1.7 vs 6.1+/-1.7 mmol/L, p=0.001). When @entity0 were treated with TAC the ongoing rejections (n=4) resolved and gum @entity6 disappeared (n=5). Conversion was associated with a two-fold lower TGF-beta 1 type I receptor expression on peripheral lymphocytes and monocytes (p=0.02 and p=0.002, respectively). Conversion from CsA to TAC results in improvement of blood pressure and @entity1 levels and does not induce immune activation. These beneficial effects were accompanied with lower TGF-beta 1 type I receptor expression.

title: Conversion from @entity2 to XXXX is safe and decreases blood pressure, @entity1 levels and TGF-beta 1 type I receptor expression.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two types of popular scleral tunnel sutures in the manual small incision @entity1 surgery (MSICS) are horizontal and X-pattern sutures. Surgically induced @entity2 (SIA) is a useful indicator of the suturing effect. AIMS: To compare SIA between horizontal and X-pattern sutures in the scleral tunnel incisions for MSICS. DESIGN: Prospective, nonrandomized comparative trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After superior scleral tunnel incision and capsulorhexis, the nucleus was prolapsed into the anterior chamber and delivered. The wound was sutured with either horizontal or X-pattern suture. The simulated keratometry values were derived from the corneal topography preoperatively and 1.5 and 3 months postoperatively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The SIA was calculated by Cartesian coordinates based analysis. RESULTS: Sixty-four @entity0 (32 @entity0 in each group) were included in the study. In the horizontal suture group, the SIA centroid values at 1.5 and 3 months after the surgery were 0.87 * 1   and 1.11 * 180  , respectively, showing induction of against-the-rule @entity2 . In the X-pattern suture group, the SIA centroid values at 1.5 and 3 months after the surgery were 0.61 * 97   and 0.66 * 92  , respectively, showing induction of mild with-the-rule @entity2 . The difference between the amount of SIA at 1.5 and 3 months after surgery was small. CONCLUSION: In the MSICS, the X-pattern sutures were preferred to the horizontal sutures in the @entity0 without significant preoperative steepening in line with the central meridian of the incision. In the cases with significant preoperative steepening, sutureless surgery or horizontal sutures were preferred. Corneal @entity2 in the @entity0 undergoing MSICS was stable at 1.5 months after the surgery.

title: Comparison of surgically induced @entity2 between horizontal and X-pattern sutures in the scleral tunnel incisions for manual small incision XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Changes in the proportion of peripheral blood T cell subsets after subcutaneous inoculation of @entity0 with @entity1 Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG) were studied. @entity0 were injected with approximately 8 x 10(6) BCG bacillus and blood samples collected at weekly intervals for flow-cytometric analyses to determine the proportion of @entity3 +, CD8+ and gammadelta T cells. In addition, whole blood samples were stimulated in vitro with @entity2 purified protein derivative (PPD) and the secreted @entity5 quantified by ELISA. Results showed cellular and cytokine changes which could be categorized into three phases. The first phase occurred within the first 2 weeks after vaccination involving an increase in proportion of @entity4 + gammadelta T cells and a concomitant increase in the secretion of @entity5 . These two responses peaked at 2 weeks and waned thereafter. The second phase involved an increase in the @entity3 /CD8 ratio as a result of an increase in the proportion of @entity3 + T cells between 4 and 6 weeks. The third phase involved a decrease in the @entity3 /CD8 ratio due to an increase in the proportion of CD8+ T cells between 8 and 10 weeks. Surprisingly, the @entity5 response was associated with changes in the gammadelta rather than the @entity3 + or CD8+ T cells, suggesting that this cytokine was secreted by gammadelta-T cells. These results are consistent with the reported ability of gammadelta T cells to act rapidly and bridging the innate and classically adaptive immune responses.

title: Vaccination of @entity0 with Mycobacteria XXXX Bacilli Calmete Guerin (BCG) induced rapid increase in the proportion of peripheral blood gammadelta T cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) combined with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) has demonstrated improved survival in selected @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). This treatment modality is associated with relatively high rates of perioperative morbidity and mortality. This study evaluated the clinical and treatment-related risk factors for perioperative morbidity and mortality in @entity0 with @entity2 who underwent @entity4 and @entity5 . METHODS: Sixty-three consecutive @entity0 who underwent @entity4 and @entity5 for @entity2 were evaluated. Adverse events were rated from grades I to V with increasing severity. Clinical and treatment-related risk factors for grades III and IV/V morbidity were determined. RESULTS: There were no perioperative @entity3 (0%). The grades III and IV morbidity rates were 14 and 17%, respectively. A peritoneal @entity1 index >12 (p = 0.019), transfusion >4 units (p = 0.028), number of peritonectomy procedures >3 (p = 0.013), left upper quadrant peritonectomy procedure (p < 0.001), and number of primary colonic anastomosis >1 (p = 0.004) were associated with grade IV morbidity on univariate analysis. Only left upper quadrant procedure was associated with grade IV morbidity on multivariate analysis (p = 0.002). Only number of primary colonic anastomosis >1 (p = 0.037) was associated with grade III morbidity on univariate analysis. This also was associated with grade III morbidity on multivariate analysis (p = 0.028). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 and @entity5 has an acceptable risk of perioperative morbidity in carefully selected @entity0 with @entity2 . @entity0 who require extensive surgery have the highest risk for a severe adverse event. Preoperative evaluation of @entity0 is essential to improve perioperative outcome.

title: A critical evaluation of risk factors for complications after cytoreductive surgery and XXXX for @entity2 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Initial diagnosis of @entity3 traditionally relies upon clinical examination and ultrasound. Development of non-invasive imaging, multislice CT (MSCT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has changed the way those @entity0 are evaluated for diagnosis or follow-up. Cardiac catheterization is no longer the step two and in many clinical situations, non-invasive imaging is the method of choice, either before or instead of invasive angiography examination. Cross-sectional cardiovascular imaging brings thorough examination of the thorax, heart and great vessels, leading to three-dimensional volumes imaging, allowing diagnosis of the @entity10 , evaluation of the anatomy and associated abnormalities. For each imaging technique advantages and drawbacks are discussed. X-ray use is the main disadvantage of MSCT, although it is a fast, easy and efficient technique, especially in babies because of its high spatial and temporal resolutions. Beside a precise  3D evaluation of the heart and great vessels, MSCT allows evaluation of small structures, like coronary arteries in routine, including in neonates and @entity0 , at a fast cardiac rhythm, and in a short examination time. The air-filled structures are well-depicted with MSCT, and 3D imaging is helpful in evaluation of tracheal and bronchi compression as compared to MRI. MR imaging brings, aside from the morphologic evaluation, helpful functional information for the left and right ventricles, and evaluation of @entity4 ( @entity5 and regurgitation). Those are critical data in the follow-up of @entity0 treated for @entity1 or after @entity9 . The technique is also very powerful in evaluating @entity8 , e.g. @entity6 and @entity2 , and @entity7 . Disadvantages are mainly the accessibility and the examination time, which in young @entity0 may require sedation or general anaesthesia. Cross-sectional cardiovascular imaging, MSCT and MRI, have considerably changed the diagnosis and follow-up of @entity0 suffering of @entity10 . The techniques are complementary, and the choice will depend on the age, the clinical condition and the diagnosis of the @entity0 .

title: [Role of MSCT and MRI in the diagnosis of XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the efficacy and @entity2 of alternate week concurrent @entity13 , @entity14 , and @entity10 with radiotherapy for locally advanced @entity8 . @entity0 received @entity13 , @entity14 and @entity10 with radiotherapy on an alternate week basis. Chemoradiotherapy was given day 1-5, and no therapy given day 6-14 for each 14 day cycle. Chemotherapy doses were as follows: @entity14 1 mg every 12 h starting day 0, @entity13 800 mg/m(2)/day for 5 days starting day 1, and @entity10 20 mg/m(2) daily for 5 days every other cycle. A radiation dose of 6000 cGy was prescribed. Acute @entity2 were monitored and therapy modified for hematologic @entity2 . Nine @entity0 enrolled, however eight were evaluable; one @entity0 expired prior to therapy. The median radiation dose delivered was 5540 cGy. Sixty-three percent required a chemotherapy dose reduction. Fifty percent achieved local control by radiographic imaging after completion of therapy. Median survival was 12 months. Acute @entity2 included: 38% grade 2-3 @entity3 , 37% grade 2-3 @entity4 , 63% grade 2-3 @entity1 , 63% grade 2-3 @entity12 , and 88% grade 3-4 @entity9 . Other sequelae included @entity15 , @entity11 , @entity5 , @entity6 , and @entity7 . @entity0 achieved the same median survival as compared to other reported studies of radiation therapy with single agent @entity13 . We do not recommend this protocol due to the significant @entity2 . Future studies to incorporate conformal radiation therapy with more active, less toxic chemotherapeutic agents should be investigated.

title: Concomitant @entity13 , @entity14 and XXXX with external beam radiation therapy for locally advanced @entity8 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Severe @entity1 is often associated with left atrium (LA) enlargement, which is a well-known predictor of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. However, only few data are available on the effect of mitral valve (MV) repair on LA size. The aim of this study was to evaluate, using real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography, the changes in LA volumes after MV repair. METHODS: A total of 65 @entity0 with severe @entity1 due to MV prolapse and scheduled for repair at an early stage were enrolled. Before the procedure, real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography was performed to assess LA volumes (maximum, before atrial active contraction [preA], and minimum). The same evaluation was repeated 6 months and 1 year after MV repair. Twenty healthy subjects matched for age and gender were enrolled as a control group. RESULTS: Before MV repair, @entity0 showed significantly higher values of LA volumes (maximum 43    14 mL/m  , preA 33    12 mL/m  , minimum 23    11 mL/m  ) as compared to controls (maximum 22    6 mL/m  , preA 13    4 mL/m  , minimum 8    3 mL/m  ). Six months after the operation, LA volumes significantly decreased (maximum 25    8 mL/m  , preA 18    8 mL/m  , minimum 13    5 mL/m  ), with a further reduction at 1-year follow-up (maximum 23    7 mL/m  , preA 15    7 mL/m  , minimum 11    5 mL/m  ), resulting in values similar to controls. The extent of LA reverse remodeling was inversely correlated with age (r = -0.42) and postoperative transmitral mean pressure gradient (r = -0.32), whereas a positive correlation was found with the reduction in left ventricular volume after MV repair (r = 0.35). DISCUSSION: In @entity0 with severe @entity1 due to MV prolapse, MV repair, when performed at an early stage, results in a significant LA reverse remodeling.

title: Left atrial reverse remodeling and functional improvement after mitral valve repair in XXXX : a real-time 3-dimensional echocardiography study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity2 /Nociception Index (ANI), a 0-100 non-invasive index calculated from heart rate variability, reflects the @entity2 /nociception balance during general anesthesia. We hypothesized that dynamic variations of ANI (   ANI) would provide better performance than static values to predict hemodynamic reactivity during @entity4 / @entity3 general anesthesia. One hundred and twenty-eight @entity0 undergoing ear-nose-throat or lower limb orthopedic surgery were analyzed in this prospective observational study. The ANI, heart rate and systolic blood pressure were recorded before induction, at skin incision, during procedure and at emergence from general anesthesia. Changes in these variables were recorded after 1  min for ANI (ANI1min) and 5  min for heart rate and systolic blood pressure. The dynamic variation of ANI at the different time points was defined as:    ANI  =  (ANI1min  -  ANI)/([ANI  +  ANI1min]/2). Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were built to evaluate the performance of ANI, ANI1  min and    ANI to predict hemodynamic reactivity (increase by more than 20  % in @entity1 within 5  min). For the prediction of hemodynamic reactivity, better performance was observed with    ANI (area under ROC curve (AUC ROC)  =  0.90) in comparison to ANI (ROC AUC  =  0.50) and ANI1min (ROC AUC  =  0.77). A    ANI threshold of -19  % predicts hemodynamic reactivity with 85  % [95  % CI 77-91] sensitivity and 85  % [95  % CI 81-89] specificity. Dynamic variations of ANI provide better performance than static values to predict hemodynamic reactivity during @entity4 / @entity3 general anesthesia. These findings may be of interest for the individual adaptation of @entity3 doses guided by    ANI during general anesthesia, although this remains to be demonstrated.

title: Prediction of hemodynamic reactivity using dynamic variations of XXXX /Nociception Index (   ANI).

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 -induced @entity2 manifests as various cutaneous morphologies. A generalized papular purpuric @entity3 has not been well described. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to characterize a distinct @entity5 -related @entity3 . METHODS: We reviewed all cases of @entity5 -related @entity2 with papular purpuric eruptions or violaceous erythema at the University of California, San Francisco between 2006 and 2011. RESULTS: Sixteen cases were identified. The @entity3 began as erythematous papules that evolved into coalescing purpuric papules and plaques. It had affinity for intertriginous areas, neck, ears, and scalp. @entity1 was common, but no systemic complications were documented. Thirteen @entity0 (81.3%) developed the @entity3 after completion of chemotherapy. Differential diagnosis often included viral exanthem (62.5%), @entity3 (50%), and @entity4 (37.5%). Histopathology was nonspecific but commonly demonstrated @entity6 , spongiosis, and/or red cell extravasation. Importantly, the @entity3 was neither predicted by past @entity5 exposure nor predictive of future recurrence. LIMITATIONS: This is a review of cases from a single institution. Observation was limited to acute hospitalization, however, charts were reviewed for subsequent reactions on rechallenge. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity3 described herein represents a specific skin-limited reaction to @entity5 . Awareness of its characteristic morphology, distribution, and timeline will aid in clinical diagnosis. Reassurance concerning its benign nature will prevent unnecessary intervention or cessation of chemotherapy.

title: Generalized benign cutaneous reaction to XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 64-year-old @entity0 was hospitalized in 2002 with symptoms of stupor, weakness, and renal colic. The clinical examination indicated borderline @entity1 , small masses in the glutei, and @entity9 . Laboratory tests evidenced high serum concentrations of @entity7 , @entity3 , and @entity15 . Imaging assessments disclosed widespread @entity5 , @entity6 , and pelvic @entity13 . Subsequent lab tests indicated suppressed serum @entity4 , extremely high serum @entity18 , and normal serum @entity17 . Treatment was started with intravenous infusion of saline and @entity8 due to the evidence of @entity10 . @entity2 and @entity14 were added given the evidence of @entity16 . The treatment improved serum @entity3 , kidney function, and consciousness. The medical history disclosed recent treatment with exceptionally high doses of slow-release intra-muscular @entity12 and the recent excretion of urinary stones. The @entity0 was discharged when it was possible to stop the intravenous treatment. The post-discharge treatment included oral hydration, @entity8 , @entity2 and @entity14 for approximately 6  months up to complete resolution of the @entity10 . The @entity0 came back 12  years later because of microhematuria. Lab tests were normal for @entity3 / @entity11 homeostasis and kidney function. Imaging tests indicated only minor @entity5 . This is the first evidence of reversible @entity5 secondary to @entity16 .

title: Reversible XXXX associated with @entity16 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the quantitative electroenchephalographic (QEEG) absolute power and coherence differences between a group of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and a group of @entity0 with @entity1 . We also examined the correlation between QEEG measures and family history of @entity3 . METHOD: Using the National Institutes of Mental Health (NIMH) Global Rating Scale, we rated 18 adult inpatients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of @entity2 for the severity of the current episode. We also collected data on the family history of the illness. This group was then matched for age, sex, and handedness with an equal number of inpatients with a DSM-III-R diagnosis of @entity1 . QEEG absolute power and coherence was calculated for the alpha bandwidth (8.0 to 12.0 Hz), assessed at 18 pairs of electrodes in both hemispheres during resting, eyes-closed condition in all the @entity0 . RESULTS: The @entity0 with @entity1 showed significantly higher coherence (P = 0.047) at 6 pairs of electrodes on the right side. The group with @entity3 showed significantly higher power (P = 0.042) at 2 pairs of electrodes on the right side. Correlational analysis showed that QEEG measures were significantly correlated (P = 0.01) with positive family history of @entity3 . CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the @entity0 with @entity3 are more disorganized in the right anterior hemisphere and that there is a significant positive correlation between the QEEG measures and the presence of family history of @entity3 . Further studies in a larger sample are required to confirm these preliminary findings.

title: Preliminary assessment of intrahemispheric QEEG measures in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 (also known as "transsexualism") is characterized as a discrepancy between anatomical sex and gender identity. Research points towards neurobiological influences. Due to the sexually dimorphic characteristics of the @entity0 voice, @entity1 provides a biologically relevant function, e.g. in the context of mating selection. There is evidence for a better recognition of voices of the opposite sex and a differentiation of the sexes in its underlying functional cerebral correlates, namely the prefrontal and middle temporal areas. This fMRI study investigated the neural correlates of @entity1 in 32 male-to-female gender dysphoric individuals (MtFs) compared to 20 non-gender dysphoric @entity0 and 19 non-gender dysphoric @entity0 . @entity0 indicated the sex of 240 voice stimuli modified in semitone steps in the direction to the other gender. Compared to @entity0 and @entity0 , MtFs showed differences in a neural network including the medial prefrontal gyrus, the insula, and the precuneus when responding to male vs. female voices. With increased voice morphing @entity0 recruited more prefrontal areas compared to @entity0 and MtFs, while MtFs revealed a pattern more similar to @entity0 . On a behavioral and neuronal level, our results support the feeling of MtFs reporting they cannot identify with their assigned sex.

title: More than just two sexes: the neural correlates of @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) on the electrocardiogram (ECG) may be masked in the presence of complete @entity1 ( @entity1 ). @entity1 on the ECG is associated with @entity5 at autopsy in 93% of hearts studied. However, @entity1 does not predict @entity5 and the usual ECG criteria applied for @entity5 may not be reliable in the presence of @entity1 . HYPOTHESIS: The study was undertaken to evaluate left @entity2 as a criterion for the diagnosis of @entity5 in the presence of @entity1 . METHODS: @entity4 in the ECG was assessed by two independent observers as a criterion of @entity5 in the presence of @entity1 in 100 @entity0 , and data were compared with those of 50 @entity0 without @entity4 . RESULTS: @entity5 was confirmed by echocardiographic determination of left ventricular (LV) mass in both groups. Observers reliably differentiated between hypertrophied and normal-sized LV in the presence of @entity1 by using @entity4 as an ECG criterion when correlated with LV mass determined by echocardiography. Observer 1 correctly detected @entity5 in 88% and Observer 2 in 82% of @entity0 . False positive diagnosis was made in 12 and 18% of @entity0 by Observers 1 and 2, respectively. Observers' performance of recognition of @entity4 in the present study was 94%. Results showed sensitivity of 76 and 70% and specificity of 84 and 92% for Observers 1 and 2, respectively. Left ventricular mass increased significantly and was diagnostic of @entity5 in 92% of @entity0 with @entity4 . Left ventricular mass was high in 84% of @entity0 when corrected by body surface area. @entity5 in the presence of @entity1 by the ECG was found in only seven @entity0 (5%) when six commonly used conventional criteria of diagnosis of @entity5 by ECG were employed. Regression analysis found @entity4 to be a strong independent predictor of increased LV mass. Multiple regression analysis revealed that age, body mass index, body surface area, and frontal @entity3 are also significant predictors of LV mass. CONCLUSION: The results obtained by the correlation of @entity4 by ECG and @entity5 by echocardiography conclude that @entity4 by ECG was significantly diagnostic of @entity5 in the presence of @entity1 .

title: XXXX by electrocardiogram predicts left ventricular hypertrophy by echocardiography in the presence of @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a characteristic clinical sign of @entity3 including @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in the @entity2 . @entity8 is a cytokine found in the serum of some @entity2 with @entity4 and can induce @entity7 in laboratory @entity2 . HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: The objectives were to characterize an @entity8 -induced @entity1 model by evaluating the efficacy of @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity9 , and to compare the speed of anti-pruritic effects of @entity9 against those of @entity5 and @entity6 . ANIMALS: Purpose-bred @entity2 were used in all studies. METHODS: Randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled studies were designed to evaluate and compare the anti-pruritic properties of @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity9 following a single intravenous injection of recombinant @entity2 @entity8 . Video surveillance was used to monitor and score @entity7 in study animals. RESULTS: @entity5 [0.5 mg/kg, per os (p.o.)] reduced @entity8 -induced @entity1 when given 10 h prior to observation. When the time interval between drug treatment and observation was shortened to 1 h, @entity6 (0.2 mg/kg, intramuscular) but not @entity5 (0.25 or 0.5 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced @entity8 -induced @entity1 . @entity9 (0.4 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced @entity1 when given 1, 6, 11 and 16 h prior to the observation period, and the anti-pruritic activity of @entity9 was greater when compared to @entity5 and @entity6 at all time points assessed. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: The efficacy of @entity5 , @entity6 and @entity9 in the @entity8 -induced @entity1 model gives confidence that this may be a relevant model for acute @entity1 associated with @entity0 including @entity4 and can be used to evaluate novel compounds or formulations.

title: XXXX -induced @entity1 in @entity2 : a novel experimental model to evaluate anti-pruritic effects of @entity2 therapeutics.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The targeted delivery of genes whose products arrest the cell cycle and/or induce apoptosis represent an important tool for the understanding and controlling forms of unregulated cell growth. The vpr gene product of @entity5 has been reported to interfere with cell growth and induce apoptosis, but the mechanism of its action is not clearly understood. In order to study these important properties of Vpr, we created a recombinant adenovirus H5.010 @entity4 -vpr (adCMV-vpr) as a tool to deliver the vpr gene to various cell lines to examine its biology. Vpr protein expression was confirmed by Western blot analysis in adCMV-vpr infected cells. We tested the effects of adCMV-vpr on cell growth of several @entity1 cell lines. Infection of both @entity3 positive and @entity3 deficient @entity1 cell lines with adCMV-vpr resulted in dramatic induction of cell death in short-term assays. We observed that apoptosis was induced through the mitochondrial pathway as we observed changes in the @entity6 content accompanied by @entity7 activation. As @entity2 is reported to interfere with apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway, we examined the effect of adCMV-vpr in @entity2 over expressing cell lines. We observed that @entity2 overexpression does not inhibit adCMV-vpr induced apoptosis. The properties of adCMV-vpr inducing apoptosis through @entity7 in a @entity3 pathway independent manner suggest that this is an important reagent. Such a vector may give insight into approaches designed to limit the growth of pathogenic @entity0 cells.

title: Adenovirus encoding @entity5 Vpr activates @entity7 and induces apoptotic cell death in both @entity3 positive and negative XXXX @entity1 cell lines.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a pilot program for early detection of cervical @entity2 using visual inspection with @entity3 (VIA) and the loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in one region of Morocco. METHODS: A descriptive analysis of the screening outcome measures of 43 participating primary care units and one reference center for LEEP was conducted in Mekn  s-Tafilalet between January 1, 2011, and December 31, 2013. Data on the number of @entity0 , VIA results, colposcopy, and treatment were used in analyses. RESULTS: Of the 308 197 @entity0 in the target age group (30-49 years), 18 586 (6.0%) were screened by VIA. Positive screening test results were recorded for 1628 (8.8%) @entity0 , of whom 1144 (70.3%) received diagnostic confirmation by colposcopy. Of the 87 (7.6%) @entity0 with @entity4 , only 16 (18.4%) underwent LEEP; three cases of @entity1 were diagnosed. CONCLUSION: Issues with implementation of the screening program were found, including low compliance and a low treatment rate of @entity4 by LEEP. By contrast, high rates of colposcopy referral were observed. Screen-and-treat by ablative methods (e.g. thermocoagulation) should be considered to increase treatment rates at national scale-up.

title: Organization and evaluation of a pilot cervical XXXX screening program in Morocco.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity2 is a wide spread protozoan parasite belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa. Members of this group of @entity3 cause economically and medically important diseases in a variety of animals, including @entity0 . @entity2 is notable among this group for the fact that it readily infects virtually all warm-blooded vertebrates, while most apicomplexans are typically restricted in their host range. Individual strains of @entity2 are genetically quite similar and molecular studies indicate that the vast majority (>95%) of strains can be grouped into one of three distinct clonal lineages. Remarkably, these three lineages are comprised of different combinations of two parental alleles, indicating they arose from a single genetic cross. The unusual population structure of @entity2 originated within the last 10,000 years, while the genus itself is approximately 10 million years old. The remarkable success of the three lineages following their recent origin is likely attributable to a dramatic change in the life cycle that greatly facilitated transmission. Prior to the cross that gave rise to the clonal lineages, and in all closely related @entity3 , transmission occurred by an obligatory two-host life cycle that alternated between definitive (carnivorous) and intermediate (herbivorous) hosts. The reassortment of genes that occurred in the cross allowed direct oral transmission between many different intermediate hosts. These findings illustrate that complex biological life cycles can change rapidly and dramatically, thus presenting a constant source of new @entity1 .

title: Recent origins among ancient XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Extracellular matrix (ECM) components, through specific peptide motifs such as @entity4 (RGD), interact with integrins and can modify the behavior of cells. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is the main cytokine involved in the synthesis of ECM proteins. We analyzed the effect of a RGD-containing peptide, as @entity3 (RGDS), on the regulation of @entity2 secretion in cultured @entity0 mesangial cells. We found that RGDS increased mRNA expression and secretion of @entity2 by stimulating the @entity2 gene promoter. This effect was dependent on the interaction of RGDS with integrins. We evaluated the signaling pathways implicated in @entity2 production by analyzing the effect of RGDS on kinase-related integrins. RGDS stimulated @entity1 phosphorylation as well as @entity5 ( @entity5 ) activity. However, @entity1 kinase inhibitors did not prevent the RGDS effect. In contrast, the inhibition of @entity5 by cell transfection with a kinase dead- @entity5 completely abolished the increased @entity2 secretion and promoter activity in the presence of RGDS. Thus RGDS modulates the secretion of @entity2 , probably through increased synthesis by interacting with integrins and activating @entity5 . This supports a role for ECM components in the regulation of their own secretion.

title: XXXX (RGDS) peptide stimulates transforming growth factor beta1 transcription and secretion through integrin activation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The role of sex @entity2 in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been studied for years. In @entity0 after @entity5 has been described. Heart rate variability (HRV) analysis is one of the method of autonomic nervous system evaluation. The aim of the study was to evaluate correlations between sex @entity2 and HRV in 88 @entity0 (aged 36-73, av. 53 yrs), with the history of MI, with angiographically documented @entity4 . In all the @entity0 24-hour Holter monitoring was performed to assess HRV time domain parameters: SDNN, SDNNI, SDANN, rMSSD, pNN50. Levels of @entity3 and @entity1 were measured in two subsequent blood samples, taken with 30 min interval. Free @entity3 index as well as @entity1 / @entity3 ratio were assessed. For statistics r-Spearman test was used. Positive correlations were found between @entity3 and SDNN (r = 0.38, p = 0.03), @entity3 and rMSSD (r = 0.51, p = 0.002) and between @entity3 and pNN50 (r = 0.45, p = 0.007). Since rMSSD and pNN50 are parameters describing parasympathetic activity, our results suggest that in @entity4 @entity0 with the history of @entity5 , @entity3 may influences the function of autonomic nervous system promoting parasympathetic dominance. It can be favorable for the circulatory system function.

title: [Sex @entity2 and heart rate variability in @entity0 with @entity4 after XXXX ].

answer: @entity5


abstract: A case of @entity16 is reported. A 30 year old @entity0 , presented @entity2 , mild @entity5 which had started one week before her admission. Abdominal tenderness, @entity8 , @entity9 , @entity15 were found. Abnormal motor activity with @entity12 , @entity7 , @entity13 around the mouth also existed. There were neither focal signs nor signs of @entity4 . Computed tomography and nuclear magnetic resonance of the brain were normal. Laboratory analyses did not explain the anomalies. Several deep @entity10 were disclosed by colonoscopy and a @entity18 was isolated from the material extracted by endoscopy. Nonspecific @entity11 was informed by pathology. The @entity0 was treated with 400 mg @entity14 for 14 days, with improvement of the clinical picture. The most prominent aspect in this case was the clinical presentation with predominant @entity1 creating the impression of a @entity1 . Admission diagnosis was @entity17 . We believe that all of the anomalies present in our @entity0 , the @entity6 and @entity3 , were produced by the same etiologic agent, @entity18 and by its toxins.

title: [ XXXX in an adult with Shigella].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The socio-sexual environment of a female is known to affect ovarian function. Increased male contact can enhance menstrual cycle regularity. Conversely, social deprivation constitutes a form of stress that often alters cyclicity and the secretion of reproductive hormones. The present study was carried out on captive female @entity2 to examine possible interactions among housing conditions, menstrual cycle length, morphological changes in secondary sexual character expression and endocrine release patterns related to follicular and luteal function. Animals were housed over a period of 2 years either with a male conspecific or singly. Blood samples were collected over three cycles, and anogenital swelling changes registered to define menstrual cycle phases. Fecal sampling techniques were used to monitor @entity1 as a measure of stress-load. Male presence seemed to affect female cyclicity. Females housed with a male had shorter and more regular cycles than singly housed females. @entity4 , gonadotropins and @entity0 levels were generally higher in paired females during specific cycle phases. Group variation was not always significant. No differences were found in @entity3 . Sexually cohabited females tended to have lower fecal @entity1 metabolites immediately before and after maximum tumescence. We suggest that the close behavioral, physical and olfactory contact with a male conspecific can act as a sort of zeitgeber to modulate ovarian function by stabilizing the female cycle and, perhaps, enhancing folliculogenesis and ovulation.

title: Impact of social environment on female XXXX reproductive cycles.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 @entity4 is associated with increased adherence of neutrophils to the vascular endothelium resulting in neutrophil infiltration and tissue damage. We examined the effects of @entity2 on the expression of the adhesion molecule P-selectin in several vital organs (i.e., heart, lungs, liver, kidneys, and small intestine) 2 h after induction of Noble-Collip drum @entity2 in anesthetized @entity1 . Total RNA was extracted from these organs and P-selectin mRNA was quantified by RNase protection assays. P-selectin mRNA was significantly increased over control nontraumatized, anesthetized @entity1 in all vital organs (P<0.05 or less), with the largest increase occurring in the lung (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical analysis showed increased expression of P-selectin protein in postcapillary venules of all vital organs after @entity2 . To further investigate the possible mechanisms of increased P-selectin mRNA transcription promoter activity during @entity2 , we quantified binding of proteins from nuclear extracts to the kappaB site (-218GGGGGTGACCC[-207]) of the P-selectin gene by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. We confirmed the results of NF-kappaB binding by demonstrating increases in p50 and @entity3 , as well as decreases in IkappaB in cytoplasmic and nuclear extracts from the lungs of @entity2 @entity1 by Western blotting. Increased activity of the transcription factor, nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB), occurred in all vital organs of the @entity2 @entity1 compared to sham-operated controls. Our findings suggest that severe @entity2 results in up-regulation of P-selectin at the transcriptional level, which is partly controlled by an NF-kappaB-responsive element in the region of the P-selectin promoter. This increased activation of NF-kappB binding may contribute to the widespread increases in P-selectin expression observed in several vital organs 2 h after @entity2 , which in turn may play a key role in the pathogenesis of @entity4 .

title: P-selectin is up-regulated in vital organs during XXXX @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Our previous study showed that modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), including tonsillectomy, significantly improved nocturnal respiration in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 . This is a continuous study of changes in @entity1 and quality of life. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective randomized controlled trial (RCT), two parallel arms. METHODS: Sixty-five @entity0 with @entity3 - @entity4 index   >=    15, body mass index   <   36, Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS)   >=    8, Friedman stage I or II, failing nonsurgical treatment. The intervention group (n   =   32) underwent surgery, and the controls (n   =   33) had no treatment. At baseline and the 7-month follow-up, polysomnography, questionnaires, and vigilance tests were implemented. RESULTS: All @entity0 answered the questionnaires, and 48 took the vigilance test. Epworth Sleepiness Scale decreased significantly in the intervention group, from a mean (standard deviation) of 12.5(3.2) to 6.8(3.9), but nonsignificantly in the control group, from 12.9(3.1) to 12.5(3.9), a significant group difference (P   <   0.001). The physical and mental component score on the Short Form-36 questionnaire increased significantly in the intervention group, from a mean 47.8(8.3) to 51.2(8.8) and from 42.1(10.6) to 48.1(9.7), respectively, but with nonsignificant changes in the controls: 49.0(9.0) to 48.3(9.1) and 41.0(10.2) to 42.7(11.5), significant group differences (P   =   0.007, P   =   0.031), respectively. The sleep latency/vigilance test showed a significant mean increase in the intervention group of 7(12.4) minutes and a decrease in the controls of 2.2(10.6), a significant group difference (P   =   0.011). There were significant correlations between changes in subjective outcomes and nocturnal respiration. CONCLUSION: This RCT shows that modified UPPP was effective in improving @entity1 and quality of life in @entity2 @entity0 . It strengthens the body of evidence on the potential effect of surgery offered to selected @entity0 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 1b. Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: SKUP(3) RCT; continuous study: Changes in XXXX and quality of life after modified UPPP.

answer: @entity1