abstract: The impacts of adverse environments during the prenatal and/or early postnatal periods may be @entity2 that occur later in life. Epidemiological studies have shown an association of sub-optimal pregnancy outcomes in one generation with similar events in the following one, a phenomenon termed the "intergenerational effect". Data indicate that the incidence of adverse pregnancy outcomes and/or low birth weight @entity0 is more closely correlated with the mother's perinatal environment than with that during her pregnancy. However, epidemiological studies are inherently limited given the variability of lifestyles, ethnicity, nutritional status, and exposures to environmental factors. An appropriate animal model would permit control of parameters that may be impossible to evaluate in @entity0 populations. The current studies investigated the @entity1 as a possible animal model. Pregnant @entity5 @entity1 were placed on an ad libitum or food-restricted diet (50% normal) throughout gestation to generate control (CON) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) litters. At birth ( @entity3 ( @entity3 ) 1) pups (F1) were cross-fostered to control dams in litters of either 8 (CON) or 16 (postnatal food restriction (FR)). The experimental groups thus generated represented adequate nutrition (CON-CON) and undernutrition during the prenatal ( @entity4 -CON), or postnatal periods (CON-FR), or both ( @entity4 -FR). Pups of dams on a restricted diet during gestation had significant @entity4 (P<0.001) as compared to controls (birth weights of 1.32 g versus 1.63 g). At weaning, the average weight of the pups was dependent on postnatal litter size and the difference in birth weights between @entity4 and CON animals was not a significant factor. CON-CON pup weight was 24.1g and @entity4 -CON was 22.2 g as compared to the CON-FR (17.0 g) and @entity4 -FR (17.3 g) groups. The difference in weaning pup weights between the FR and CON groups was significant (P<0.01). The F1 FR females did not reach CON female weights at any time point through 11 months after weaning. At PD60, a single breeding period for all groups of females with CON males began and continued for 75 days with 17 opportunities for breeding. Animals that became pregnant during this time were removed and allowed to litter. No significant differences were noted in average F2 litter size or average pup weight at birth: (CON-CON 12.2/1.62 g; @entity4 -CON 11.9/1.6 2 g; CON-FR 10.9/1.70 g; @entity4 -FR 11.3/1.61 g). We conclude that body weight at birth in the @entity5 @entity1 is not correlated with growth through the period of weaning (PD28). We did not find any evidence for an intergenerational reproductive effect after developmental undernutrition.

title: Lack of evidence for intergenerational reproductive effects due to prenatal and postnatal undernutrition in the female @entity5 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe intentional placement of intraocular lens haptics in the ciliary sulcus of @entity0 with @entity4 who are at high risk for @entity2 . METHODS: We reviewed our experience with 16 eyes of 12 @entity0 with @entity4 who underwent @entity3 surgery with ciliary sulcus fixation of intraocular lenses. @entity0 were followed for a median of 16.5 months (range, 9 to 44 months) after surgery. We evaluated eyes for surgical technique and the following preoperative and postoperative factors: best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior chamber cells, and posterior @entity5 . The following additional postoperative factors were sought: lens dislocation, lens edge capture, and evidence of pigment dispersion. RESULTS: @entity5 were present in 13 eyes before surgery; postoperative posterior @entity5 developed in only three of these eyes. These adhesions resulted in lens edge capture in one eye and limited lens decentration in another. Scant pigment was present on the lens optic or in the anterior chamber, suggesting pigment dispersion, in four eyes. We found no evidence of consistently increased anterior segment @entity1 or intraocular pressure after surgery when compared with preoperative levels for this group of @entity0 . Postoperative posterior @entity5 were seen more often in eyes that had can-opener anterior capsulotomy than in eyes that had continuous, curvilinear capsulorhexis (P = .036). CONCLUSIONS: Ciliary sulcus fixation allows the intraocular lens to serve as a physical barrier between the iris and the lens capsule remnants. This technique may be useful for reducing the risk of postoperative posterior @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity4 without increasing the risk of other postoperative problems.

title: @entity3 surgery with ciliary sulcus fixation of intraocular lenses in XXXX with @entity4 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with medically intractable @entity2 and diffuse unilateral hemispheric disease, functional or disconnective hemispherectomy is a widely accepted and successful treatment option. If recurrent @entity3 develop after disconnective hemispherectomy, management options become more complex and include conversion to anatomic hemispherectomy. OBJECTIVE: To present the outcomes of all @entity0 undergoing reoperative hemispherectomy in 1 institution by 1 surgeon since 1998. METHODS: The medical records, operative reports, and imaging studies for 36 @entity0 undergoing reoperative hemispherectomy for continuing medically intractable @entity2 from 1998 to 2011 at Cleveland Clinic were reviewed. @entity0 characteristics, cause of @entity3 , imaging findings, surgery-related complications, and long-term @entity3 outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity0 presented with a variety of @entity3 origins, including @entity1 , perinatal @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 . Overall, 19% of @entity0 were @entity3 free after conversion to anatomic hemispherectomy, and 45% reported a decrease in @entity3 frequency by >=    90%. An additional 36% reported no improvement. Generalized ictal electroencephalography tended to confer a poorer prognosis, as did @entity6 as the underlying diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The possibility that residual epileptogenic tissue in the operated hemisphere remains connected should be considered after failed functional hemispherectomy because our data suggest that improvement in @entity3 frequency is possible after reoperative hemispherectomy, although the chance of obtaining @entity3 freedom is relatively low. The decision to proceed with reoperative hemispherectomy should be made after proper discussion with the @entity0 and family and informed consent is given.

title: Reoperative hemispherectomy for intractable @entity2 : a report of 36 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: b-Sheet-rich @entity4 (aS) aggregates characterize @entity2 ( @entity2 ). aS was long believed to be a natively unfolded monomer, but recent work suggests it also occurs in a-helix-rich tetramers. Crosslinking traps principally tetrameric aS in intact normal neurons, but not after cell lysis, suggesting a dynamic equilibrium. Here we show that freshly biopsied normal @entity0 brain contains abundant aS tetramers. The @entity2 -causing mutation @entity5 decreases tetramers in @entity1 brain. Neurons derived from an @entity5 @entity0 have decreased tetramers. Neurons expressing @entity6 do also, and adding 1-2 @entity6 -like mutations into the canonical aS repeat motifs (KTKEGV) further reduces tetramers, decreases aS solubility and induces @entity3 and round inclusions. The other three fPD missense mutations likewise decrease tetramer:monomer ratios. The destabilization of physiological tetramers by @entity2 -causing missense mutations and the @entity3 and inclusions induced by markedly decreasing tetramers suggest that decreased a-helical tetramers and increased unfolded monomers initiate pathogenesis. Tetramer-stabilizing compounds should prevent this.

title: Parkinson-causing XXXX missense mutations shift native tetramers to monomers as a mechanism for disease initiation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the outcomes of three different types of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) transpositions (forearm cephalic vein transposition [FACVT], upper arm cephalic vein transposition [UACVT], and upper arm basilic vein transposition [UABVT]) for dialysis @entity0 in a single center. METHODS: A 6-year retrospective review, from 2006 to 2012, was conducted at a single institution in which the surgical outcomes for three different types of @entity3 transposition were reviewed. Preoperative duplex vein mapping was obtained in all @entity0 to choose the best vein for access. RESULTS: There were 165 @entity0 identified with 77 FACVTs, 52 UACVTs, and 36 UABVTs. Primary access maturation rates for the FACVT, UACVT, and UABVT groups were 86%, 90%, and 97%, respectively (P  = .19). All transposed, matured primary AVFs were used after a mean of 9.9  weeks, without additional intervention. Primary 1-year patency for the FACVT, UACVT, and UABVT groups were 63%, 61%, and 70%, respectively (P  = .71). Primary assisted 1-year patency for the FACVT, UACVT, and UABVT groups were 93%, 93%, and 100%, respectively (P > .999). Mean operating room times and time to intervention were not significantly different between the groups. The postoperative @entity2 rate was 2% and wound @entity1 rate was 2%. Multivariate analysis indicated no significant predictors of time to failure (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: With low primary failure rates, reduced need for secondary interventions before maturation, and 1-year primary assisted patency rates in excess of 93%, our study showed that the transposition technique, in our experience, is superior to previously published literature in hemodialysis access creation.

title: Outcomes for forearm and upper arm XXXX creation with the transposition technique from a single institution.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Twenty-four @entity0 with @entity2 and 22 with @entity1 were evaluated using continuous wave Doppler echocardiography (echo). Doppler echo studies were performed 48 hours before cardiac catheterization. Fifteen normal subjects served as controls. Peak velocity in the ascending aorta in @entity2 ranged from 2.0 to 6.0 m/sec with a mean of 3.7 m/sec, and this was significantly increased over the normal controls (mean 1.1 m/sec: 0.7-1.4 m/sec). Using the simplified Bernoulli equation (P = 4 V2, P: peak pressure gradient, V: peak flow velocity), the peak pressure gradient across the aortic valve was measured from the peak velocity in @entity0 with @entity2 . The results (Y) correlated well with the peak-to-peak pressure gradient (X) between the left ventricular pressure and aortic pressure as obtained by cardiac catheterization (Y = 1.1 X +2.5, r = 0.83). @entity1 was detected by continuous wave Doppler echo in all @entity0 with @entity1 , but in only half of the @entity0 the peak velocity could be measured (3.8 +/- 0.3 m/sec, mean +/- SD). In the remaining @entity0 , it was difficult to measure the peak velocity, but it seemed to be greater than 3.0 m/sec. On the simultaneous recordings of the gradient between aortic and left ventricular pressures and continuous wave Doppler echo in @entity0 with @entity1 , the shape and pattern of the pressure gradient during diastole were similar to those of continuous wave Doppler echo. We conclude that continuous wave Doppler echo is a very sensitive method for diagnosing @entity2 and regurgitation, and it provides a quantitative assessment of the severity of @entity2 .

title: [Continuous wave Doppler echocardiographic assessment of @entity2 and XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Objective. @entity3 intake is associated with cardiovascular outcomes. However, no study has specifically reported an association between cardiovascular mortality and urinary @entity3 concentration (UNa). We examined the association of UNa with mortality in a cohort of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . Methods. @entity0 were followed for all-cause @entity2 and @entity1 . Baseline UNa was measured from second morning spot urinary sample. We used Cox proportional hazard models to identify independent predictors of mortality. Improvement in prediction of mortality by the addition of UNa to a model including known risk factors was assessed by the relative integrated discrimination improvement (rIDI) index. Results. @entity0 (n = 1,439) were followed for a median of 5.7 years, during which 254 cardiovascular @entity2 and 429 all-cause @entity2 were recorded. UNa independently predicted all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. An increase of one standard deviation of UNa was associated with a decrease of 21% of all-cause mortality and 22% of cardiovascular mortality. UNa improved all-cause and cardiovascular mortality prediction beyond identified risk factors (rIDI = 2.8%, P = 0.04 and rIDI = 4.6%, P = 0.02, resp.). Conclusions. In @entity4 , UNa was an independent predictor of mortality (low concentration is associated with increased risk) and improved modestly its prediction in addition to traditional risk factors.

title: Urinary @entity3 Concentration Is an Independent Predictor of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in a XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Based on randomised controlled trials, evidence exists that early supported discharge (ESD) from the hospital with continued rehabilitation at home has beneficial effects after @entity1 ; however, the effects of ESD service in regular clinical practice have not been investigated. The purpose of the current study was to compare ESD service with conventional rehabilitation in terms of @entity0 outcomes, caregiver burden at 3 and 12 months and the use and costs of healthcare during the first year after @entity1 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was a subgroup analysis of a longitudinal observational study of @entity0 who received care in the @entity1 unit at Karolinska University Hospital in Sweden. @entity0 who met the inclusion criteria for ESD in previous experimental studies were included. The @entity0 were referred to available rehabilitation services at discharge, and comparisons between those who received ESD service (the ESD group, n = 40) and those who received conventional rehabilitation (the NoESD group, n = 110) were performed with regard to independence in activities of daily living (ADL), the frequency of social activities, life satisfaction, and caregiver burden and the use and costs of healthcare during the first year after @entity1 . RESULTS: At 3 and 12 months, no differences were observed with regard to @entity0 outcomes; however, ESD was associated with a lower caregiver burden (p = 0.01) at 12 months. The initial length of stay (LOS) at the hospital was 8 days for the ESD group and 15 days for the NoESD group (p = 0.02). The median number of outpatient rehabilitation contacts was 20.5 for the ESD group (81% constituting ESD service) and 3 for the NoESD group (p<0.001). There was no difference between the groups with regard to overall healthcare costs. CONCLUSIONS: ESD service in usual clinical practice renders similar health benefits as conventional rehabilitation but a different pattern of resource use and with released capacity in @entity1 .

title: Usual Clinical Practice for Early Supported Discharge after XXXX with Continued Rehabilitation at Home: An Observational Comparative Study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: This is a report on 60 consecutive @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) who received an allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) in this Unit. Donors were HLA-identical siblings (SIB) (n = 36) or unrelated donors (MUD) (n = 24) matched by serology for @entity10 and by molecular biology for HLA DR. All @entity0 were prepared with @entity6 120 mg/kg and fractionated total body irradiation 10-12 Gy. GVHD prophylaxis consisted of @entity4 (CsA) starting on day -7 and short-course methotrexate. Bone marrow was unmanipulated in all cases. @entity11 prophylaxis consisted of @entity7 for SIBs and foscarnet for @entity12 . When compared to SIB transplants, MUD @entity0 were younger (29 vs 36 years; P = 0.002), had younger donors (31 vs 39; P = 0.001), had a longer interval between diagnosis and BMT (1459 vs 263 days; P < 0.001) and received a smaller number of nucleated cells at transplant (3.3 vs 4.4 x 10(8)/kg; P = 0.003). More @entity12 had advanced disease (50 vs 17%, P = 0.005). The median day to 0.5 x 10(9)/l neutrophils was similar in both groups (18 days for SIBs vs 17 days for @entity12 ; P = 0.06); the median platelet count on days +30, +50, +100 was significantly (P < 0.01) higher in SIB than in MUD @entity0 (122 vs 38, 113 vs 50 and 97 vs 45 x 10(9)/l, respectively). Acute GVHD was scored as absent-mild, moderate, or severe, in 36, 58 and 6% of SIBs vs 25, 42 and 33% in MUD @entity0 (P = 0.01). @entity2 was comparable (P = 0.1). The actuarial risk of CMV antigenemia at 1 year was 60% in both groups. There were six @entity3 in SIB @entity0 (two @entity8 , two @entity5 , one GVHD, one @entity1 ) and four @entity3 in MUD @entity0 (three acute GVHD and one @entity5 ). Fifty @entity0 survive with a median follow-up of 656 days for SIBs and 485 for @entity12 . The actuarial 3-year transplant-related mortality is 12% in SIBs and 17% in @entity12 (P = 0.5); the actuarial relapse is 18% in SIBs vs 6% in @entity12 (P = 0.4) and 3-year survival 78% in SIBs vs 82% in @entity12 (P = 0.7). This study suggests that survival of @entity9 @entity0 after marrow transplantation from unrelated or sibling donors is currently similar, provided the former are well matched. The increased incidence of GVHD in MUD @entity0 is possibly compensated by a lower risk of relapse.

title: Bone marrow transplantation for XXXX ( @entity9 ) from unrelated and sibling donors: single center experience.

answer: @entity9


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the epidemiology of microbiologically documented @entity4 and the resistance pattern, among @entity1 @entity0 undergoing treatment at RGCIRC, Delhi. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective observational study in which culture reports obtained over 1 year in 2013, were analyzed. RESULTS: 13329 cultures were obtained over 1 year in 2013 and were analyzed. 23.6 % samples showed positive culture with majority being gram negative isolates (67.9 %). @entity2 was the commonest gram negative isolate (49.4%) followed by klebsella (29.7%) and Staph. aureus was the commonest gram positive isolate. There was high incidence of ESBL in blood and urine (87.2% _ 88.5%) and BLBLI were also high (78% _ 83.9%). @entity7 resistance was comparatively low (10%) and @entity8 sensitivity was quiet high (> 95%). CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity3 and VRE in our institute is very less, whereas prevalence of ESBLs and BLBLI isolates amongst gram negative infections is around 80%. Gram negative isolates had poor sensitivity to @entity5 and @entity6 .

title: Epidemiology and resistance pattern of bacterial isolates among @entity1 XXXX in a Tertiary Care Oncology Centre in North India.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In @entity0 with @entity4 metastatic disease in lymph nodes still remains the single most important negative predicting factor and when detected, it reduces overall 5-year survival by 50%. The aim of the study was to evaluate contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) with computed tomography perfusion ( @entity2 ) examination in order to differentiate malignant from non-malignant cervical lymph nodes in @entity0 with @entity4 and larynx. MATERIAL/METHODS: This was a prospective three-center study. From November 2007 until March 2010 33 consecutive @entity0 with @entity4 and 27 @entity0 with @entity1 underwent computed tomography (CT) examination followed by @entity2 . During first part of examination 80 ml of contrast was administered, with flow rate 1 ml/s and 100 s delay; standard head and neck examination was performed. Next, perfusion images were acquired with the coverage of 8 cm and different groups of lymph nodes were evaluated - groups II, III, IV and V. Perfusion maps for basic parameters (blood flow [BF], blood volume [BV], mean transit time [ @entity3 ] and permeability surface [PS]) were reconstructed for all @entity0 using dedicated software. The long and short axis diameters, the density of the node before and after contrast medium administration and average values of each perfusion parameter were calculated for every node separately. Results were compared with histologic analysis of resected nodes. RESULTS: Out of the total number of 293 nodes evaluated on CECT and @entity2 it was possible to correlate 208 resected nodes with histologic findings. 125 of them were proven to be malignant and 83 were benign. Malignant nodes showed remarkably higher density and hyperperfusion, comparing to benign ones. The average density values in Hounsfield units (HU) for cervical nodes were: 91.9HU for metastatic comparing to 72.3 HU for non-metastatic, but this difference did not show statistical significance. The average value of BF in malignant nodes was 136.4 ml/100g/min, BV was 7.7 ml/100g, @entity3 was 4.4s and PS was 19.4 ml/100g/min. The average values for benign nodes were: BF was 80.7 ml/100g/min, BV was 4.7 ml/100g, @entity3 was 5.6s and PS was 12.8 ml/100g/min. Comparing to non-malignant nodes, malignant ones showed significantly higher BF, BV and PS values (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although CECT findings may draw our attention, pointing at abnormal morphology of the node, @entity2 seems to provide additional functional information regarding its possible @entity1 . @entity2 may be useful in differentiation between malignant and benign lymph nodes, based on evaluation of the value of BF, BV and PS.

title: XXXX and larynx - evaluation of metastatic nodal disease based on computed tomography perfusion studies.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Purpose: To evaluate @entity2 ( @entity2 ) dilation by computed tomography (CT) in @entity0 with intact gallbladders and diameter change over time in remote and interval cholecystectomy @entity0 , frequency of visualization of the @entity2 , and its relationship to age. Methods: This IRB-approved retrospective study evaluated baseline @entity2 diameter, intrahepatic @entity1 , and interval duct diameter change in @entity0 with CTs  >=   2  years apart (n  =  324), in block-randomized order by two blinded board-certified radiologists. 272 @entity0 were divided into three groups: (1) prior cholecystectomy before the first CT, (2) cholecystectomy between the first and last CTs, and (3) no cholecystectomy. A subset of 191 nonoperated @entity0 was evaluated for age-related dilation. Results: Group 1 ducts were significantly larger than the other groups at both baseline and follow-up CTs (p  <  0.001). Group 2 showed a greater increase in duct size than the other groups at follow-up (p  <  0.001). The @entity2 was measurable in 89% of the CT studies. In nonoperated @entity0 , there was a statistically significant correlation between @entity2 size and increasing age (p  <  0.001), although the @entity2 size remained within normal size limits. Conclusion: Remote cholecystectomy @entity0 have larger @entity2 diameters than the nonoperated and interval cholecystectomy groups. Greater increase in ductal diameter occurred between studies in the interval cholecystectomy @entity0 , suggesting that dilation occurs after cholecystectomy. Also, the @entity2 dilates slightly with age in nonoperated @entity0 .

title: CT evaluation of XXXX dilation after cholecystectomy and with advancing age.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinically mild @entity3 / @entity1 with a reversible @entity1 ( @entity8 ) has been recently proposed as a clinical-radiological syndrome. Several causes of @entity8 have been reported including @entity2 . We present herein on a case of @entity8 induced by @entity6 in a Japanese traveler. A 48-year-old male returning from Thailand and Cambodia was admitted for an unknown @entity4 . Following admission, the dengue virus was diagnosed with a positive RT-PCR result. On day 5 of the illness, regardless of reduced @entity4 , @entity5 suddenly developed in both upper limbs. A cerebral MRI showed hyperintensities in the splenium of the corpus callosum on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted images. The symptoms resolved completely within two days of onset. The @entity0 was diagnosed as having @entity8 due to the MRI features and the mild clinical course. Although only a few cases of @entity8 caused by @entity6 have been reported, the condition is possibly underdiagnosed. It is hypothesized that @entity6 can induce @entity8 as @entity6 can cause increased endothelium permeability and hypo- @entity7 which have been proposed in the pathogenesis of @entity8 . However, there is currently limited evidence for this. Further research is recommended to demonstrate a causal association between @entity6 and @entity8 .

title: [A Case of Clinically Mild @entity3 / XXXX with a Reversible @entity1 due to @entity6 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIMS: To determine pathological features that predict survival in @entity0 having repeat craniotomy within 6 months of radiotherapy for high-grade @entity2 (HGG). MATERIALS AND METHODS: HGG @entity0 (World Health Organization grade 3/4) managed with repeat craniotomy within 6 months of completing radiotherapy between 2008 and 2012 were included. Based on the presence of @entity1 cells, the pathology was reported as pathological progression or pathological pseudoprogression. The proliferation index (Ki67) was reported and compared with initial pathology as a percentage change. Tumour @entity3 was estimated as a percentage of the specimen. Overall survival was calculated in months. RESULTS: Of 327 @entity0 managed with HGG, 27 @entity0 underwent repeat craniotomy within 6 months of radiotherapy. The median survival after reoperation was 11 months (95% confidence interval 1-22). Ki67 at reoperation of 0%, 1-9% and >10% was associated with survival with a median survival of 13, 13 and 3 months, respectively (P  =  0.007). Change in Ki67 was also associated with median survival, with <50% reduction median survival 3 months, 50-80% median survival 7 months and >80% reduction median survival 13 months, P  =  0.02. Widespread treatment-related @entity3 improved outcome, with >80% @entity3 having a median survival of 13 months versus 3 months in those with <80% @entity3 (P  =  0.003). CONCLUSION: The presence of @entity1 at repeat craniotomy within 6 months of radiotherapy is not an independent indicator of prognosis. @entity0 with @entity1 that had a low Ki67 had a similar median survival as those with only treatment @entity3 . Reduced proliferation of @entity1 cells and widespread @entity3 may be more important indicators for future outcome.

title: Proliferation Index Predicts Survival after Second Craniotomy within 6 Months of Adjuvant Radiotherapy for High-grade XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To evaluate the extent to which different types of @entity3 influence the development of affective/romantic relationships among young adults of both sexes. MATERIALS AND METHODS:     A cross-sectional study was conducted with 360 @entity0 and @entity0 ranging in age from 18 years to 25 years. Criteria for exclusion from the sample were the following: @entity0 could not be married, @entity1 , or students of a higher education course in the area of health. In this study, images of young adult @entity0 and @entity0 in the same age range as that of the evaluators were used. These images were manipulated to create different types of @entity3 : @entity4 , open bite, crowding, gingival (or gummy) smile, little exposure of teeth. Six groups of images containing six images each were formed and consisted of two experimental images (digitally manipulated) and four control images. These images were provided to the @entity0 , who evaluated them by means of a questionnaire and a visual analog scale. The Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS:     All @entity3 had a negative impact on acceptance by the evaluators for the purposes of affective/romantic relationships, with crowding being the type of @entity3 that led to the highest level of rejection (P < .01). CONCLUSION:     Malocclusions have a negative influence on the development of affective/romantic relationships among young adults. Individuals with @entity2 are seen in a more positive light, from the perspective of affective life.

title: Impact of XXXX on affective/romantic relationships among young adults.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Approximately 10  % of the population worldwide suffers from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and about 60  % of @entity0 with early onset @entity4 have hereditary @entity4 due to genetic mutations. Highly efficient mutagenesis in @entity1 with the chemical mutagen, @entity2 ( @entity3 ), associated with relevant phenotypic tools represents a powerful approach in producing @entity1 models for @entity4 . A benefit of this strategy is to generate alleles to form a series revealing the full spectrum of gene function in vivo. It can also mimic the range of @entity0 mutations and polymorphisms for @entity4 . In the course of a genome @entity3 mutagenesis program, we selected a new @entity1 model for @entity4 based on a dysmorphological screen. We identified by gene mapping the mutation responsible for this phenotype and characterized it at the histological level of the inner ear and evaluated the vestibule by following the recommendations of the standard operating procedures, IMPReSS. We have identified and characterized a new recessive allele of the @entity5 gene, @entity5 (vbd/vbd) , due to a homozygous one base pair substitution at the splice donor site of intron 29. This mutation leads to a frame-shift and a premature stop codon. We observed a decrease in the amount of sensory cells in the maculae of @entity5 (vbd/vbd) @entity1 as well as an apparent drastically decreased density to almost absence of the otoconial membrane. Compared to @entity5 (tm1Prs) and twister, the two other existing @entity5 alleles, the detailed analysis of @entity5 (vbd/vbd) revealed that these @entity1 share some common behavioural characteristics either with @entity5 (tm1Prs) or twister whereas the fine vestibular phenotype and the @entity4 are different. Our results emphasize the importance of detecting and characterizing a new allele of a gene in order to get comprehensive information about the gene function.

title: A new @entity5 XXXX @entity1 model for autosomal-recessive nonsyndromic moderate hearing impairment.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 is a specific inhibitor of @entity7 , and hence, an activator of the Wnt/ @entity4 pathway, whereas the @entity6 ( @entity6 ) has been linked to @entity0 cells. Both pathways are aberrantly activated in most @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, the relationship between them in modulating events related to the progression of this @entity0 to be defined. In this study, we investigated whether the Wnt/ @entity4 and @entity2 pathways converge to modulate the malignant potential of @entity1 . We used Caco-2 cells, a well-established model used to study @entity1 , and treatments with @entity8 , as a modulator of the Wnt/ @entity4 pathway, and with @entity6 as an inducer of @entity2 signaling. We found that both agents altered the subcellular distribution of @entity5 and @entity4 , two important proteins of the apical junctional complex, but not their abundance in the cell. Nuclear stabilization of @entity4 , a marker of Wnt pathway activation, was observed after treatment with both compounds. However, @entity3 , but not @entity6 , inhibited @entity7 , indicating that these agents modulate this enzyme in a differential fashion. Furthermore, @entity6 treatment increased the proliferative and migratory capacity but did not alter the colony formation potential of these cells. Surprisingly, @entity3 , known to activate the Wnt/ @entity4 pathway, inhibited the increased proliferation by arresting cells in the G2/M phase as well as the cell migration promoted by @entity6 , as demonstrated by the combined treatment with these agents. @entity3 treatment alone reduced the cell colony formation. Thus, our findings suggest that @entity3 plays an important role in regulating cellular events related to @entity0 progression in @entity1 .

title: @entity3 reduces tumorigenic potential in response to XXXX signaling in human @entity1 cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity7 ) is the last gaseous transmitter identified in mammals, and previous studies have reported disparate conclusions regarding the implication of @entity7 in @entity2 progression. In the present study, we hypothesized that @entity9 ( @entity9 ), a fast @entity7 -releasing donor, might interfere with the mitochondrial respiratory chain of @entity2 cells, increase @entity2 oxygenation, and potentiate the response to irradiation. Using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) oximetry, we found a rapid increase in @entity2 @entity8 after @entity9 administration (0.1 mmol/kg) in two @entity1 @entity2 models ( @entity0 ), an effect that was due to a decreased @entity3 consumption and an increased @entity2 perfusion. @entity2 irradiated 15 minutes after a single @entity9 administration were more sensitive to irradiation compared with those that received irradiation alone (increase in growth delay by 50%). This radiosensitization was due to the @entity3 effect, as the @entity4 was abolished when temporarily clamped @entity2 were irradiated. In contrast, daily @entity9 injection (0.1 mmol/kg/day for 14 days) did not provide any effect on @entity2 growth in vivo. To understand these paradoxical data, we analyzed the impact of external factors on the cellular response to @entity9 . We found that extracellular pH had a dramatic effect on the cell response to @entity9 , as the proliferation rate (measured in vitro by @entity5 incorporation) was increased at pH = 7.4, but decreased at pH = 6.5. Overall, our study highlights the complex role of environmental components in the response of @entity2 cells to @entity7 and suggests a new approach for the use of @entity7 donors in combination with radiotherapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(1); 1-8.   2015 AACR.

title: A Fast XXXX -Releasing Donor Increases the Tumor Response to Radiotherapy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: Applying current diagnostic methods, overt CNS involvement is a rare event in childhood @entity1 ( @entity1 ). In contrast, CNS-directed therapy is essential for all @entity0 with @entity1 because without it, the majority of @entity0 eventually will experience relapse. To approach this discrepancy and to explore potential distinct biologic properties of leukemic cells that migrate into the CNS, we compared gene expression profiles of childhood @entity1 @entity0 with initial CNS involvement with the profiles of CNS-negative @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We evaluated leukemic gene expression profiles from the bone marrow of 17 CNS-positive @entity0 and 26 CNS-negative @entity0 who were frequency matched for risk factors associated with CNS involvement. Results were confirmed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis and validated using independent @entity0 samples. RESULTS: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) expression was consistently upregulated in leukemic cells of CNS-positive @entity0 compared with CNS-negative @entity0 . In multivariate analysis, @entity2 expression levels greater than the median were associated with CNS involvement compared with expression equal to or less than the median (odds ratio [OR] = 10.70; 95% CI, 2.95 to 38.81). Diagnostic likelihood ratios for CNS positivity were 0.09 (95% CI, 0.01 to 0.65) for the first and 6.93 (95% CI, 2.55 to 18.83) for the fourth @entity2 expression quartiles. In @entity0 who were CNS negative at diagnosis, @entity2 levels greater than the median were associated with subsequent CNS relapse compared with expression equal to or less than the median (OR = 13.80; 95% CI, 3.38 to 56.31). CONCLUSION: Quantification of leukemic @entity2 expression at diagnosis predicts CNS status and could be a new tool to further tailor CNS-directed therapy in childhood @entity1 .

title: High @entity2 expression characterizes childhood XXXX with involvement of the CNS.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clarify the incidence and background of clinical relapse (escape phenomenon) during low-dose @entity3 therapy for @entity2 . METHODS: Seventy one @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) were analyzed. They were started on therapy with @entity3 ( @entity4 ) between April 1, 1991 and May 30, 1995. Among them, 60 @entity0 showed clinical improvement within 6 months after the start of the therapy and were subjected to the analysis for clinical relapse (escape phenomenon). RESULTS: Twelve @entity0 showed an initial improvement followed by a relapse with increased serum CRP and number of @entity1 joints despite the @entity4 therapy was continued. Two types of the relapses were seen; (1) early, escape (relapse after an initial brief improvement) in 7 @entity0 , and (2) late escape (relapse after a long-term improvement with @entity4 therapy) in 5 @entity0 . The early escape was seen at 9.0 +/- 0.7 months after the start of therapy while the late escape was seen at 23.3 +/- 4.8 months. @entity0 with both types of escape phenomenon had the longer duration of the disease and more advanced stage. There was no relationship between clinical relapse and age, baseline @entity2 activity, @entity4 dose, or concurrent use of corticosteroids and other disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs. The efficacy of @entity4 for @entity2 was restored by increasing dose of @entity4 in 11 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: These results suggest that clinical relapse is not rare in @entity2 @entity0 during low-dose @entity3 therapy, but could be improved by increasing dose.

title: [Clinical relapse of XXXX (escape phenomenon) during low-dose @entity3 therapy].

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a specific instrument to measure lifestyle of @entity1 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A longitudinal, observational, prospective study was conducted between March 2001 and April 2002 at family medicine healthcare units of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (Mexican Institute of Social Security (MISS)) in Mexico State's East District. A self-administered instrument (instrument to measure @entity1 lifestyles, IMEVID) was designed to measure the lifestyles of @entity1 @entity0 . It was submitted for review by a multidisciplinary group of experts who assessed its logical and content validity to measure the lifestyle in @entity4 @entity0 . The instrument was administered on two different days to 412 adult subjects with @entity4 . Some items were excluded on the basis of the frequency with which their answer choices were selected, as well as the item-total correlation, and the item's significant loads in several domains in factorial analysis. RESULTS: The sample population consisted of 389 (94.7% response) subjects who completed the study. Intraclass correlation coefficients for logical and content validity were 0.91 and 0.95 respectively. After depuration of items, the instrument had 25 closed items grouped in 7 domains: nutrition, physical activity, @entity3 consumption, @entity2 consumption, information on @entity1 , and therapeutic adherence. The global rating of the questionnaire had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.81 and a test-retest correlation coefficient of 0.84. CONCLUSIONS: The specific questionnaire IMEVID is the first to measure the lifestyle in subjects with @entity4 . It has logical validity, content validity, and a good level of consistency.

title: [Development and initial validation of an instrument to measure the lifestyles of @entity1 XXXX 2].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The optimal means of achieving therapeutic oral anticoagulation in the outpatient setting has not been determined. OBJECTIVE: To compare a 10-mg dosing nomogram with a 5-mg nomogram that has been suggested to be sufficient for @entity3 initiation. DESIGN: Randomized, controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Outpatient @entity2 services of four tertiary care hospitals. @entity0 : 201 of 210 consecutive @entity0 with objectively confirmed diagnoses of @entity2 . INTERVENTION: All @entity0 were treated with subcutaneous low-molecular-weight heparin for a minimum of 5 days until a therapeutic international normalized ratio (INR) was achieved. @entity0 were randomly assigned to initially receive a 10-mg or 5-mg dose of @entity3 . MEASUREMENTS: The primary end point was time in days to therapeutic INR. Secondary end points were the proportion of @entity0 who had achieved a therapeutic INR by day 5, the total number of INR assessments, the number of INR measurements greater than 5.0, incidence of recurrent @entity2 and @entity1 , and survival. RESULTS: 210 consecutive @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 9 were excluded and 201 were randomly assigned to study groups (104 to the 10-mg group and 97 to the 5-mg group). Demographic characteristics of both groups were similar. @entity0 in the 10-mg group achieved therapeutic INR 1.4 days earlier than @entity0 in the 5-mg group (P < 0.001). Eighty-three percent of @entity0 in the 10-mg group achieved a therapeutic INR by day 5 versus 46% in the 5-mg group (P < 0.001). Fewer INR assessments were performed in the 10-mg group than in the 5-mg group (8.1 vs. 9.1; P = 0.04). There were no significant differences between the two groups in recurrent events, @entity1 , survival, and number of INR measurements greater than 5.0. CONCLUSION: The 10-mg @entity3 initiation nomogram is superior to the 5-mg nomogram because it allows more rapid achievement of a therapeutic INR.

title: Comparison of 10-mg and 5-mg @entity3 initiation nomograms together with low-molecular-weight heparin for outpatient treatment of XXXX . A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is the leading cause of @entity0 morbidity and mortality worldwide, underscoring the need to improve diagnostic strategies. Platelets play a major role, not only in the process of acute @entity4 during @entity1 , but also in the formation of @entity5 itself. MicroRNAs are endogenous small non-coding RNAs that control gene expression and are expressed in a tissue and disease-specific manner. Therefore they have been proposed to be useful biomarkers. It remains unknown whether differences in miRNA expression levels in platelets can be found between @entity0 with premature @entity2 and healthy controls. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this case-control study we measured relative expression levels of platelet miRNAs using microarrays from 12 @entity0 with premature @entity2 and 12 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Six platelet microRNAs were significantly upregulated ( @entity6 *, @entity7 , @entity8 *, @entity9 :9.1. @entity10 -5p and @entity11 *) and one miRNA (miR1280) was significantly downregulated in @entity0 with @entity2 as compared to healthy controls. To validate these results, we measured the expression levels of these candidate miRNAs by qRT-PCR in platelets of individuals from two independent cohorts; validation cohort I consisted of 40 @entity0 with premature @entity2 and 40 healthy controls and validation cohort II consisted of 27 @entity0 with @entity3 and 40 healthy relatives. @entity6 * and @entity11 * were confirmed to be upregulated in @entity0 with @entity2 as compared to healthy controls in both validation cohorts. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Two miRNAs in platelets are significantly upregulated in @entity0 with @entity2 as compared to healthy controls. Whether the two identified miRNAs can be used as biomarkers and whether they are cause or consequence of the disease remains to be elucidated in a larger prospective study.

title: Platelets in @entity0 with premature coronary XXXX exhibit upregulation of miRNA340* and miRNA624*.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The purpose of the present investigation was to elucidate the influence and mechanism of the action of substance @entity5 ) upon intraluminal pressure in proximal porcine colon. In 9 @entity2 , SP was infused intra-arterially in varying doses from 0.5 to 160 ng/kg/min. Mean baseline colonic pressure was 8.9 mm Hg increasing in a dose-dependent manner to 34.6 mm Hg at an SP dose of 40 ng/kg/min. Hereafter, the colonic pressure remained constant. In other series, SP infusion (5-80 ng/kg) was preceded by infusion of @entity4 (0.5 mg/kg/min, continuous i.v.; n = 7), @entity3 (0.01 mg/kg/30 min, i.v.; n = 6), by @entity1 (0.01 mg/kg/15 min, i.a.; n = 5) or @entity0 (1 microgram/kg/h, i.a.; n = 7). @entity3 significantly inhibited the effect of SP on colonic pressure, whereas the other blockers were without influence on the SP-induced colonic pressure. It is concluded that SP has a potent dose-dependent stimulatory effect upon right colonic intraluminal activity of the @entity2 , mediated partly by @entity3 -sensitive receptors.

title: Effect of substance P on right colonic pressure: a dose response study in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Cognitive models have suggested that @entity2 occur when internal mental events, such as inner speech or auditory verbal imagery (AVI), are misattributed to an external source. This has been supported by numerous studies indicating that individuals who experience @entity1 tend to perform in a biased manner on tasks that require them to distinguish self-generated from non-self-generated perceptions. However, these tasks have typically been of limited relevance to inner speech models of @entity1 , because they have not manipulated the AVI that @entity0 used during the task. Here, a new paradigm was employed to investigate the interaction between imagery and perception, in which a healthy, non-clinical sample of @entity0 were instructed to use AVI whilst completing an auditory signal detection task. It was hypothesized that AVI-usage would cause @entity0 to perform in a biased manner, therefore falsely detecting more voices in bursts of noise. In Experiment 1, when cued to generate AVI, highly @entity1 -prone @entity0 showed a lower response bias than when performing a standard signal detection task, being more willing to report the presence of a voice in the noise. @entity0 not prone to @entity1 performed no differently between the two conditions. In Experiment 2, @entity0 were not specifically instructed to use AVI, but retrospectively reported how often they engaged in AVI during the task. @entity1 -prone @entity0 who retrospectively reported using imagery showed a lower response bias than did @entity0 with lower proneness who also reported using AVI. Results are discussed in relation to prominent inner speech models of @entity1 .

title: The effect of auditory verbal imagery on signal detection in XXXX -prone individuals.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Members of the @entity1 ( @entity1 ) family function as cell adhesion molecules and cell surface receptors. The @entity0 genome contains six different @entity1 genes, and @entity2 and @entity3 were shown to be essential for myoblast fusion during skeletal muscle development. However, little is known about @entity1 -b2 expression and function. RESULTS: We isolated the cDNA of @entity0 @entity4 . @entity1 -b2 is expressed specifically in extraocular muscles (EOMs), jaw muscles, and pectoral fins in @entity0 larvae, but not in trunk muscles. The identified @entity4 expression pattern is supported by the analysis of a @entity0 Gal4-enhancer trap line, in which the coding sequence of the transcriptional activator KalTA4 together with a Gal4-dependent UAS-mCherry expression cassette was inserted into the @entity4 locus. Intercrosses with an UAS:EGFP strain proves the possibility for targeting transgene expression to EOMs, jaw muscles and fins. Finally, we characterized the concerted contraction pattern of EOMs in larvae performing an optokinetic response. CONCLUSIONS: The expression pattern of @entity1 -b2 suggests that it may contribute different properties to EOMs, jaw muscles, and pectoral fins. The @entity1 -b2:KalTA4-UAS-mCherry transgenic strain serves a dual role as both a reporter for these muscles and as a valuable genetic tool for targeting transgene expression to EOMs. Developmental Dynamics, 2015.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: @entity0 XXXX 2 Gal4-enhancer trap line recapitulates endogenous @entity4 expression in extraocular muscles.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Animal models provide opportunity to study neurobiological aspects of @entity0 @entity6 . Changes in gene expression have been implicated in mediating brain functions, including reward system and addiction. The current study aimed to identify genes that may underlie differential @entity7 preference in Warsaw High Preferring (WHP) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity1 . METHODS: Microarray analysis comparing gene expression in nucleus accumbens (NAc), hippocampus (HP) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was performed in male WHP and @entity3 @entity1 bred for differences in @entity7 preference. RESULTS: Differential and stable between biological repeats expression of 345, 254 and 129 transcripts in NAc, HP and mPFC was detected. Identified genes and processes included known mediators of @entity7 response ( @entity12 , @entity13 , @entity10 , @entity14 , @entity8 , LTP/LTD, renin-angiotensin signaling pathway), @entity2 ( @entity11 , @entity15 , inflammatory response), as well as genes involved in regulation of important addiction-related brain systems such as @entity5 , @entity9 or @entity4 ( @entity16 , @entity17 , @entity18 ). CONCLUSIONS: The identified candidate genes may underlie differential @entity7 preference in an animal model of @entity6 . COMMENT: Names of genes are written in italics, while names of proteins are written in standard font. Names of @entity0 genes/proteins are written in all capital letters. Names of rodent genes/proteins are written in capital letter followed by small letters.

title: Novel candidate genes for XXXX - transcriptomic analysis of prefrontal medial cortex, hippocampus and nucleus accumbens of Warsaw alcohol-preferring and non-preferring @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: The developing heart increases its mass predominantly by increasing the number of contained cells through proliferation. We hypothesized that addition of fibroblast growth factor-2, a factor previously shown to stimulate division of the embryonic myocytes, to the left ventricular myocardium in an experimental model of @entity2 created in the @entity1 would attenuate phenotypic severity by increasing cellular proliferation. We have established an effective mode of delivery of fibroblast growth factor-2 to the @entity1 embryonic left ventricular myocardium by using adenovirus vectors, which was more efficient and better tolerated than direct injection of recombinant fibroblast growth factor-2 protein. Injection of control adenovirus expressing green fluorescent protein did not result in significant alterations in myocytic proliferation or cell death compared with intact, uninjected, controls. Co-injection of adenoviruses expressing green fluorescent protein and fibroblast growth factor-2 was used for verification of positive injection, and induction of proliferation, respectively. Treatment of both normal and hypoplastic left ventricles with fibroblast growth factor-2 expressing adenovirus resulted in to 2 to 3-fold overexpression of fibroblast growth factor-2, as verified by immunostaining. An increase by 45% in myocytic proliferation was observed following injection of normal hearts, and an increase of 39% was observed in hypoplastic hearts. There was a significant increase in anti- @entity3 immunostaining in the hypoplastic, but not the normal hearts. We have shown, therefore, that expression of exogenous fibroblast growth factor-2 in the late embryonic heart can exert direct effects on cardiac myocytes, inducing both their proliferation and differentiation. These data suggest potential for a novel therapeutic option in selected cases of @entity0 , such as @entity2 .

title: Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 regulates proliferation of cardiac myocytes in normal and hypoplastic left ventricles in the developing XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early prediction of disease severity in @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is crucial. The aim of this study was to investigate the body-mass index (BMI), plasma @entity4 , @entity5 and ghrelin levels as potential markers predicting @entity1 and severity in @entity2 . METHODS: In the study period, 97 consecutive @entity0 with @entity2 were prospectively analysed. Severe @entity2 was defined according to the Atlanta Criteria. BMI was also calculated. To measure plasma @entity4 , @entity5 and Ghrelin concentrations, the blood samples were obtained from @entity0 within 24 hours of admission. RESULTS: Out of 97 @entity0 , 92(70 females, 22 males) were considered eligible for analysis. Of the 92 @entity0 , 30 @entity0 (32.6%) were assessed as severe @entity3 . BMI and @entity4 levels were significantly higher in @entity0 with severe @entity3 . The pooled sensitivity and specificity of BMI as a predictor for the development of @entity1 were 0.90(95%CI  =  0.56-0.99) and 0.70(95%CI  =  0.58-0.79), respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.78.The pooled sensitivity and specificity of @entity4 levels as a predictor for development of @entity1 were 1(95%CI  =  0.69-1) and 0.73(95%CI  =  0.62-0.82),respectively; with an overall area under curve value of 0.82. @entity5 and ghrelin levels showed no significant difference in @entity0 with mild @entity3 (6.97      0.84  ng/ml and 2.3(1.0-9.9);respectively) and severe @entity3 (6.74      0.65  ng/ml and 2.0(1.9-9.9); respectively) (p  =  0.1923 and 0.8531;respectively). CONCLUSION: BMI and plasma @entity4 levels both were correlated with the severity of @entity3 . @entity4 levels showed better area under the curve, sensitivity and specificity values compared to BMI in prediction of @entity1 . @entity5 and ghrelin levels were not found to be predictors of the severity of disease.

title: The potential role of BMI, plasma @entity4 , @entity5 and ghrelin levels in the early detection of XXXX and severe @entity2 : a prospective cohort study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is circumstantial evidence that @entity0 sperm count may have declined during past decades. The purpose of this study was to identify the association between semen quality and year of birth. METHODS: The study comprised 8608 @entity0 consulting four Danish medical centres from 1968 to 1992 because of @entity1 . Data on semen quality and @entity2 were obtained from medical records while lifestyle data were collected from a subset of the population by a postal questionnaire (response 80%). Semen characteristics were analysed as a linear function of year of birth, centre, season and calendar year at time of semen examination, sexual abstinence and lifestyle factors. Effects of age were accounted for by restriction and stratified analysis. RESULTS: The sperm count declined with increasing year of birth at two of the four centres, but this association disappeared when confounders were adjusted for. Within the subset of @entity0 born 1950-1970 we revealed a decrease in the average sperm count by 1.9 mill/ml (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.45, 2.27) per one advancing year of birth. This finding was consistent across centres even after adjustment for effects of covariates. The proportion of morphologically normal sperm cells changed in parallel with the sperm count, while semen volume did not decline in any time periods. CONCLUSIONS: We found a birth cohort effect on sperm count and morphology among Danish infertile @entity0 born after 1950 but not in @entity0 born in the first part of the century. The findings are compatible with an environmental impact during prenatal life but the evidence is far from unequivocal.

title: Is semen quality related to the year of birth among Danish XXXX clients?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report on @entity8 presenting as @entity5 . DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre. @entity0 : Nine @entity1 subjects (five male, four female) seen in the blood pressure unit, St George's Hospital, between 1991 and 1997 with clinical signs and symptoms of @entity5 but without overt @entity3 . Mean (SEM) age was 67 (3) years. Eight @entity0 had renal artery revascularisation with percutaneous angioplasty and one had surgery. RESULTS: Renal revascularisation was followed by a large fall in blood pressure from 191/94 (7/3) to 150/75 (8/5) mm Hg two days after intervention (p < 0.01). There was also a large natriuresis and @entity4 . One week after revascularisation there was a mean loss in weight of 3.8 (0.6) kg. The largest fall in weight was seen in those @entity0 with @entity6 in a single functioning kidney. Furthermore, plasma atrial natriuretic factor fell from 120 (28) to 48 (9) pg/ml (p < 0.05; n = 6; normal value = 8.6 (0.8) pg/ml), and serum @entity7 fell from 200 (37) to 140 (11) micromol/l (p < 0. 025). The clinical signs and symptoms of @entity5 resolved and the diuretics were then withdrawn in all @entity0 . On long term follow up, @entity0 remained free from symptoms and signs of @entity5 and the blood pressure was better controlled. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 @entity0 with symptoms and signs of @entity5 who do not have obvious @entity2 , @entity8 should be considered as a possible underlying cause. Relief of the @entity6 can result in resolution of the apparent @entity5 .

title: "Apparent" @entity5 : a syndrome caused by XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: To determine the pathogenesis of liver nodules, and lesions similar to obliterative portal venopathy, observed after portosystemic shunts or portal vein @entity4 in @entity0 . METHODS: We conducted an experimental study comparing portacaval shunt (PCS), total portal vein ligation (PVL), and sham (S) operated @entity2 . Each group were either sacrificed at 6 weeks (early) or 6 months (late). Arterial liver perfusion was studied in vivo using CT, and histopathological changes were noted. Liver mRNA levels were quantified by RT-QPCR for markers of @entity1 ( @entity10 , @entity5 ), proliferation ( @entity16 , @entity17 , @entity11 , @entity15 ), angiogenesis: ( @entity9 , @entity18 ; @entity14 ), oxidative stress ( @entity6 , and 3, @entity12 ), and @entity3 ( @entity7 ). PCS and PVL were compared to the S group. RESULTS: Periportal @entity3 and arterial proliferation was observed in late PCS and PVL groups. CT imaging demonstrated increased arterial liver perfusion in the PCS group. RT-QPCR showed increased inflammatory markers in PCS and PVL early groups. @entity5 and @entity10 were increased in PCS and PVL late groups respectively. All proliferative markers increased in the PCS, and @entity15 in the PVL early groups. @entity17 and @entity15 were increased in the PCS late group. @entity8 was increased in the early and late PCS groups, and @entity12 was decreased in the PVL groups. Markers of angiogenesis were all increased in the early PCS group, and @entity13 and @entity14 in the late PCS group. Only @entity13 was increased in the PVL groups. Tgf was increased in the PCS groups. CONCLUSIONS: Portal deprivation in @entity2 induces a sustained increase in intrahepatic markers of @entity1 , angiogenesis, proliferation, and @entity3 .

title: Hepatic proliferation and angiogenesis markers are increased after portal deprivation in XXXX : a study of molecular, histological and radiological changes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is an aggressive @entity1 with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. @entity4 are characterized by more aggressive behaviour and a poorer prognosis compared with the epithelioid subtype. To date prognostic and tailored therapeutic biomarkers are lacking. The present study analyzed the expression levels of @entity6 and @entity7 in different histologic subtypes from chemonaive @entity5 @entity0 . Diagnostic biopsies of @entity5 @entity0 from four Italian @entity1 centers were centrally collected and analyzed. @entity6 and @entity7 expression levels were investigated through immunohistochemistry and RT-qPCR. Pathological assessment of @entity3 , @entity2 and proliferation index was also performed. Molecular markers, pathological features and clinical characteristics were correlated to overall survival (OS) and progression free survival (PFS). Sixty @entity5 @entity0 were included in the study (32 epithelioid and 28 non-epithelioid). Higher levels of @entity6 (p < 0.001), @entity7 (p = 0.013), @entity3 (p = 0.013) and proliferation index (p < 0.001) were seen mainly in sarcomatoid/biphasic subtypes. Higher levels of @entity2 were significantly associated with epithelioid subtype (p = 0.044). @entity6 expression levels were correlated with @entity7 levels (p = 0.0001), @entity3 (p = 0.008) and proliferation index (p = 0.009). Univariate analysis showed a significant correlation of non-epithelioid histology (p = 0.04), high levels of @entity3 (p = 0.037) and proliferation index (p = 0.0002) with shorter PFS. Sarcomatoid/biphasic and epithelioid mesotheliomas showed different @entity6 and @entity7 expression levels and were characterized by different levels of @entity3 , proliferation and @entity2 . Further studies are warranted to confirm a prognostic and predictive role of such markers and features.

title: @entity6 and @entity7 expression levels in different histologic subtypes of XXXX : correlation with pathological and clinical data.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The precise etiology of border zone @entity5 is controversial. @entity2 due to @entity3 (ICA) is suggested as a cause of border zone @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in prevalence and volume of @entity1 border zone lesions over time in @entity0 with occlusive disease of the ICA after 1 year of follow-up. DESIGN: Follow-up study. SETTING: Referral center. @entity0 : Fifty-eight @entity0 with an occlusion of the ICA were included. At baseline, @entity6 were classified on magnetic resonance imaging, and vasomotor reactivity was assessed with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography with @entity4 challenge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in prevalence and volume of @entity6 were monitored and were correlated with @entity4 reactivity at baseline. RESULTS: No significant changes in the prevalence of any @entity5 types were observed after 1 year of follow-up in the hemispheres ipsilateral or contralateral to the @entity3 . However, in hemispheres ipsilateral to an occluded ICA, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone @entity5 (P =.002). In hemispheres with a low @entity4 reactivity, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone lesions after 1 year ( @entity4 reactivity, <or=18%, P =.02 and 19%-35%, P =.02). These changes were not observed for external border zone lesions. CONCLUSION: The association between impaired vasomotor reactivity and an increase in @entity1 lesion volume in the internal border zone suggests a hemodynamic component.

title: Prevalence and volume of internal border zone lesions in @entity0 with impaired cerebral XXXX vasomotor reactivity: a follow-up study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the contribution of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) to the initial   valuation of @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: We carried out a two-year prospective study in all the @entity1 @entity0 admitted to ICU. They underwent both Chest X-ray (CXR) and @entity2 within 24 jours of admission. CXR and @entity2 images were read by achieving a consensus between two radiologists who were unaware of the results of the other investigation. Then we compared these findings with the treatment received by the @entity0 in the ICU. RESULTS: From July 1, 1991 through July 1, 1993, 56 @entity0 were included (21 with conventional @entity2 and 35 with helicoidal @entity2 ). @entity2 demonstrated a significant number of pleural (p < 0.001), parenchymatous (p < 0.001), and mediastinal (p < 0.01) lesions that escaped detection on CXR ( @entity2 +/CXR- lesions). Thoracic drainage was done in 16 @entity0 because of abnormalities @entity2 +/CXR- (p < 0.01); six @entity0 with @entity2 +/CXR- pulmonary contusions received Pressure Positive Ventilation (p < 0.01); and four @entity2 +/CXR- lesions were treated surgically (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity2 adds significantly to the evaluation of @entity1 by allowing prompt, accurate assessment of lesions. In this study, over 50% of these lesions required specific treatment during the ICU stay.

title: [Initial evaluation of XXXX . Comparison of pulmonary radiography and x-ray computed tomography].

answer: @entity1


abstract: RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate the value of dual-energy spectral computed tomography (DESCT) in the quantitative differentiation between pulmonary malignant masses and inflammatory masses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was an institutional review board-approved study, and written informed consent was obtained from all @entity0 . Sixty @entity0 with 35 @entity1 and 25 inflammatory masses underwent DESCT scan during arterial phase (AP) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). CT numbers of net enhancement in 70  keV monochromatic images in central and peripheral regions of masses and their differences (dCT) were measured. @entity3 concentrations in the two regions were measured and normalized to the aorta as normalized @entity3 concentrations (NICs). The slopes of spectral attenuation curves (  HU) in the two regions were also calculated. The two-sample t test was used to compare quantitative parameters. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to calculate sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS: CT numbers of net enhancement and NICs in central regions, and   HU values both in the central and peripheral region of @entity1 were significantly lower than those of inflammatory masses during AP and @entity2 . On the other hand, the dCT values of @entity1 were higher than that of inflammatory masses. NIC value in the central regions in @entity2 had the highest sensitivity (86%) and specificity (100%) in differentiating malignant masses from inflammatory masses. CONCLUSIONS: DESCT imaging with quantitative parameters such as CT numbers of 70  keV monochromatic images, NIC, and   HU may be a new method for differentiating @entity1 from inflammatory masses.

title: Differentiation of XXXX From Inflammatory Masses with Dual-Energy Spectral CT Imaging.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To review the published literature assessing the efficacy and safety of lacrimal drainage system plug insertion for @entity1 in adults. METHODS: Literature searches of the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases were last conducted on @entity6 , 2015, without date restrictions and were limited to English language abstracts. The searches retrieved 309 unique citations. The primary authors reviewed the titles and abstracts. Inclusion criteria specified reports that provided original data on plugs for the treatment of @entity1 in at least 25 @entity0 . Fifty-three studies of potential relevance were assigned to full-text review. The 27 studies that met the inclusion criteria underwent data abstraction by the panels. Abstracted data included study characteristics, @entity0 characteristics, plug type, insertion technique, treatment response, and safety information. All studies were observational and rated by a methodologist as level II or III evidence. RESULTS: The plugs included punctal, intracanalicular, and dissolving types. Fifteen studies reported metrics of improvement in @entity1 , ocular-surface status, artificial tear use, contact lens comfort, and tear break-up time. Twenty-five studies included safety data. Plug placement resulted in >= 50% improvement of symptoms, improvement in ocular-surface health, reduction in artificial tear use, and improved contact lens comfort in @entity0 with @entity1 . Serious complications from plugs were infrequent. Plug loss was the most commonly reported problem with punctal plugs, occurring on average in 40% of @entity0 . Overall, among all plug types, approximately 9% of @entity0 experienced @entity5 and 10% required removal because of irritation from the plugs. @entity4 was the most commonly reported problem for intracanalicular plugs and occurred in approximately 8% of @entity0 . Other complications were reported in less than 4% of @entity0 on average and included tearing, discomfort, @entity2 , and @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: On the basis of level II and III evidence in these studies, plugs improve the signs and symptoms of moderate @entity1 that are not improved with topical lubrication, and they are well tolerated. There are no level I studies that describe the efficacy or safety of lacrimal drainage system plugs.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Lacrimal Drainage System Plugs for XXXX : A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Twelve newborn @entity0 were fed by mothers maintained on a protein-deficient diet (12% casein, M) during lactation, and 12 @entity0 fed by mothers maintained on a diet containing 25% casein were used as controls (C). After weaning, all animals were fed standard lab ration. Half of each group was housed individually (MI and CI), while the other half was allowed to live in pairs ( @entity1 and @entity2 ). When adult, all animals were trained to avoid footshocks by jumping onto a platform. Training sessions consisted of 40 trials starting with a 20 sec light stimulus (CS) and followed by a 2 sec, 0.6 mA shock (US) with an average intertrial interval of 54 sec. When all animals displayed consistent avoidance behavior, the extinction phase was initiated. The procedure was the same as for the training sessions except that the shock generator was disconnected. Extinction continued until each animal showed a 50% reduction in avoidance performance. During acquisition, MI learned faster than CI and CI showed greater avoidance performance than @entity2 , but no differences were observed between @entity1 and @entity2 . During extinction, group M responded more persistently than group C. The present acquisition results may explain the contradictory data reported in the literature with respect to the effects of @entity3 on avoidance performance, since environmental stimulation was shown to reduce the effects of early @entity3 . Individually housed animals showed greater avoidance performance during both phases.

title: Effects of @entity3 and environment on the acquisition and extinction of avoidance behavior in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Guidelines have recommended aortic valve surgery in asymptomatic @entity0 with severe @entity2 and a large aortic valve @entity1 burden. The purpose of this study was to determine whether visual assessment of aortic valve @entity1 and @entity3 severity are reliable based on 2-dimensional echocardiography alone. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled 68 @entity0 with @entity2 and compared them with 30 control @entity0 without @entity2 . All had aortic valve @entity1 score assessment by computed tomography. In a random order, 2-dimensional images without hemodynamic data were independently reviewed by 2 level 3-trained echocardiographers, who then classified these @entity0 into categories based on aortic valve @entity1 and @entity3 severity. RESULTS: The 68 @entity0 (mean age    SD, 74    10 years) were classified as having mild (n = 28), moderate (n = 22), and severe (n = 18) @entity2 . When the observers were asked to grade the degree of @entity4 , the agreement between them was poor (k = 0.33-0.39). The visual ability to determine @entity3 severity compared with Doppler echocardiography had high specificity (81% and 88% for observers 1 and 2). However, sensitivity was unacceptably low (56%-67%), and the positive predictive value was poor (44%-50%). Agreement was fair (k = 0.58-0.69) between the observers for determining severe @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that visual assessment of aortic valve @entity1 has high interobserver variability; the visual ability to determine severe @entity2 has low sensitivity but high specificity. Our results may have important implications for treatment of @entity0 with @entity2 and guiding the use of handheld echocardiography. Further research with larger cohorts is needed to validate the variability, sensitivity, and specificity reported in our study.

title: Visual Estimation of the Severity of @entity2 and the XXXX Burden by 2-Dimensional Echocardiography: Is It Reliable?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study sought to evaluate the hemodynamic changes of and to analyze the effects of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) as well as its risk factors on hemodynamic parameters during the @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in adult living donor liver transplantation (ALDLT). @entity0 AND METHODS: This single-center retrospective study evaluated 154 adult @entity0 being assessed from January 2001 to December 2013 for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The @entity0 were divided into separate groups according to the presence or absence of @entity3 and its risk factors, including @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity5 , @entity7 , sex, and age. The hemodynamic parameters were noted during the @entity6 with respect to the @entity0 files. The comparison of the groups and the effects of cardiovascular problems on hemodynamic parameters were statistically analyzed. RESULTS: A decrease of more than 20% in systolic arterial pressure was seen in 16 (16.7%), 7 (43.8%), and 17 (40.5%) @entity0 without @entity3 , with @entity3 , and with its high risk factors (>2), respectively (P  < .05). Moreover, diastolic @entity4 was seen in 59 (38.3%) @entity0 during @entity6 ; of those, 10 (62.5%) had @entity3 and 19 (45.2%) had @entity3 high-risk factors. The decline in both systolic and diastolic arterial pressure was significantly correlated with the increased number of risk factors (P  < .05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 in ALDLT remains an issue not only for the surgeons but also for the anesthesiologists. Clinicians should be aware of @entity3 and its risk factors before OLT and successful management of such problems are mandatory for hemodynamic stability during this formidable process.

title: The evaluation of hemodynamic changes during the XXXX in adult living donor liver transplantations: the role of cardiovascular problems.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: A strong antimicrobial synergism between @entity5 (CHX) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ) has been reported, but there is not enough data on the @entity2 of this combination. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the @entity2 of CHX- @entity4 combination in different concentrations and secondary aim is to assess the influence of @entity4 on @entity2 of CHX on cultured @entity0 periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PDL cells were cultured from healthy @entity0 third molar teeth and were exposed to six prepared solutions (0.2% and 2% CHX separately and in combination with 1% and 3% @entity4 ). The @entity1 assay was applied to assess their effects on the viability of the PDL cells. Two-way analysis of variance approach and subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the differences in mean cell viability values. A level of P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: All tested solutions were toxic to PDL cells. There was a significant interaction effect between CHX and @entity4 . The 2% CHX combined with 3% @entity4 was the most and 0.2% CHX was the least cytotoxic solutions. The 2% CHX was significantly more toxic than 0.2% CHX and @entity4 combinations. The @entity2 of 0.2% CHX and @entity4 combinations did not significantly rise by increasing the concentration of @entity4 from 1% to 3%. CONCLUSION: @entity4 affected the @entity2 of CHX in a variable concentration-dependent manner. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that 2% CHX alone and in combination with either 1 or 3% @entity4 are significantly more toxic than 0.2% CHX alone and in combination with 1 and 3% @entity4 . Therefore, to benefit from the synergistic antimicrobial effect between CHX and @entity4 , with a minimal @entity2 , it is recommended to use 0.2% concentration of CHX combined with 3% @entity4 .

title: @entity2 of @entity5 - @entity3 combination in different concentrations on cultured XXXX periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: OBJECT There is currently no consensus on the safety of sports participation for @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). The authors' goal was to define the risk of sports participation for @entity0 with the imaging finding of @entity2 . METHODS A prospective survey was administered to 503 @entity2 @entity0 at 2 sites over a 46-month period. Data were gathered on imaging characteristics, treatment, sports participation, and any sport-related injuries. Additionally, 81 @entity0 completed at least 1 subsequent survey following their initial entry into the registry and were included in a prospective group, with a mean prospective follow-up period of 11 months. RESULTS Of the 503 @entity2 @entity0 , 328 participated in sports for a cumulative duration of 4641 seasons; 205 of these @entity0 participated in contact sports. There were no serious or catastrophic @entity1 . One @entity0 had temporary extremity paresthesias that resolved within hours, and this was not definitely considered to be related to the @entity2 . In the prospective cohort, there were no permanent @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS No permanent or catastrophic @entity1 were observed in @entity2 @entity0 participating in athletic activities. The authors believe that the risk of such injuries is low and that, in most cases, sports participation by @entity0 with @entity2 is safe.

title: Sports participation with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the potential of grating-based phase-contrast computed tomography (gb-PCCT) for the detection and characterization of @entity0 @entity1 in an experimental ex vivo validation study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was approved by the institutional review board, and informed consent was obtained from all @entity0 . Specimens were examined using a conventional low-coherence x-ray tube (40 kV) and a Talbot-Lau grating interferometer. Histopathologic assessment was used as the standard of reference. Signal characteristics of calcified, fibrous (FIB), and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) tissue were visually and quantitatively assessed by phase-contrast Hounsfield units (HU). Conventional absorption-based HU values were also measured. Conservative measurements of diagnostic accuracy for the detection and differentiation of plaque components as well as quantitative measurements of vessel dimensions were obtained, and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis for plaque differentiation was performed. RESULTS: A total of 15 coronary arteries from 5 subjects were available for analysis (386 sections). Calcified, FIB, and @entity2 displayed distinct gb-PCCT signal criteria. The diagnostic accuracy of gb-PCCT was high with sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive values of 0.89 or greater for all plaque components with good interrater agreement (   >=  0.88). In addition, quantitative measurements of vessel dimensions in gb-PCCT were strongly correlated with measurements obtained from histopathology (Pearson R >=  0.86). Finally, phase-contrast Hounsfield units were superior to conventional HU in differentiating FIB and @entity2 (receiver operating characteristic analysis, 0.86 vs. 0.77, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In an ex vivo setting, gb-PCCT provides improved differentiation and quantification of @entity1 and may thus serve as a tool for nondestructive histopathology.

title: X-ray phase-contrast computed tomography of XXXX coronary arteries.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: More accurate phenotyping of @entity3 is of great interest since it may have prognostic and therapeutic consequences. We attempted to explore the possible relationship between the extent of @entity5 , as assessed by high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and @entity3 severity. We also included some study variables involving exercise tolerance evaluation and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) measurement. METHODS: Sixty-four @entity0 with @entity3 (mean age 64    7 years) were enrolled in a prospective observational cross-sectional study. All @entity0 underwent clinical and functional evaluations: assessment of @entity4 , body mass index (BMI), health status assessment, spirometry testing, and arterial blood gas analysis. The extent of @entity5 was graded using HRCT. Functional capacity was evaluated by a cardiopulmonary maximal exercise testing (CPET), the shuttle walking test, and by estimation of @entity2 . RESULTS: Half of the study @entity0 had an @entity6 phenotype. There was a significant correlation between the score derived from analysis of HRCT images and BMI and respiratory functional parameters, as well as VO(2) max (maximal @entity1 uptake) and chest pull 1RM (1 rep max). Compared with subjects with a non- @entity6 phenotype, those with an @entity6 phenotype showed a lower BMI, a reduced @entity2 , and displayed a lower power at CPET. Significant differences in lung function tests were found for diffusing capacity and hyperinflation. No significant differences in quality of life were observed between the two study groups. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with subjects with a non- @entity6 phenotype, subjects with an @entity6 phenotype has a different profile in terms of BMI, lung function, @entity2 , and exercise capacity.

title: Components of physical capacity in @entity0 with XXXX : relationship with phenotypic expression.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Volatile anesthetics may be used to treat @entity2 when conventional drugs are ineffective. We studied 30 @entity4 to compare the inhibitory effects of @entity6 , @entity8 , and @entity5 on @entity1 -induced @entity2 . Anesthesia was induced and maintained with one of the three volatile anesthetics in @entity0 . @entity7 was injected into the cisterna magna, and the volatile anesthetic discontinued. Once @entity2 was induced ( @entity3 period), the animal was reanesthetized with 0.6 minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) of the volatile anesthetic for 30 min, then with 1.5 MAC for the next 30 min. Electroencephalogram and multiunit activity in the midbrain reticular formation were recorded. At 0.6 MAC, all anesthetics showed anticonvulsant effects. @entity8 and @entity5 each abolished the repetitive spike phase in one cat; @entity8 reduced the occupancy of the repetitive spike phase (to 27%+/-22% of the @entity3 period (mean +/- SD) significantly more than @entity6 (60%+/-29%; P < 0.05) and @entity5 (61%+/-24%; P < 0.05), and the increase of midbrain reticular formation with repetitive spikes was reduced by all volatile anesthetics. The repetitive spikes were abolished by 1.5 MAC of the anesthetics: in 9 of 10 @entity4 by @entity6 , in 9 of 9 @entity4 by @entity8 , and in 9 of 11 @entity4 by @entity5 . In conclusion, @entity8 , @entity6 , and @entity5 inhibited @entity1 -induced @entity2 , but @entity8 was the most potent. IMPLICATIONS: @entity2 is an emergency state and requires immediate suppression of clinical and electrical seizures, but conventional drugs may be ineffective. In such cases, general anesthesia may be effective. In the present study, we suggest that @entity8 is preferable to @entity5 and @entity6 to suppress sustained @entity3 .

title: The anticonvulsant effects of volatile anesthetics on @entity1 -induced @entity2 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examines the relationship between expression of @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and their association with clinicopathological features in @entity2 and metastatic lymph node specimens from @entity2 @entity0 . The relationship between @entity6 expression and @entity5 ) positivity was also examined. METHODS: The following samples were analyzed: 97 @entity4 -embedded specimens from @entity0 with @entity2 (Ib-IIb), including 49 @entity2 specimens without lymph node @entity1 and 24 primary specimens with lymph node @entity1 and their metastatic lymph nodes. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed with antibodies to @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity3 . HPV viratype was identified by PCR and HPVDNAChip. RESULTS: @entity3 expression was strongly correlated with expression of @entity7 (P = 0.03) and not @entity6 (P = 0.12) in @entity2 and metastatic lymph nodes. @entity6 expression correlated with lymph node @entity1 (P = 0.001), but not with any other clinicopathological features. The parametrial invasion showed borderline significance with @entity6 expression (P = 0.058). @entity7 or @entity3 expression did not correlate with any clinicopathological features. In addition, @entity6 expression was not associated with HPV positivity. @entity7 expression is associated with @entity3 expression in @entity2 tissue and at sites of @entity1 to lymph nodes. CONCLUSION: @entity6 expression is associated with lymph node @entity1 and possibly parametrial invasion, but expression of @entity7 and @entity3 is not associated with clinicopathological features. @entity6 expression is not associated with HPV positivity.

title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 associated with expression of @entity3 in XXXX and at metastatic lymph nodes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Potential associations between dietary glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) with @entity1 remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the relations of dietary GI and GL with @entity5 , @entity3 , and @entity4 . DESIGN: A total of 3363 nonacademic members of the staff of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences were included in this cross-sectional study. GI and GL were assessed by using a validated, self-administered, dish-based, semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. @entity3 and @entity4 Scale and General Health Questionnaire-12 were used to assess @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 . RESULTS: After control for potential confounders, individuals in the top tertile of GI had greater odds of @entity4 (OR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.02; P-trend = 0.03) and a trend for greater odds of @entity3 (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 0.97, 2.38; P trend = 0.06) compared with those in the first tertile. Higher GL values were linked to lower odds for @entity2 (OR: 0.66; 95% CI: 0.49, 0.90; P-trend = 0.009), @entity4 (OR: 0.69; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.93; P-trend = 0.02), and @entity5 (OR: 0.67; 95% CI: 0.48, 0.92; P-trend = 0.01). Significant interactions were observed between GI and sex for @entity4 (P = 0.01) and @entity5 (P = 0.046) in the crude model. In stratified analyses by sex, after control for potential confounders, a greater GI was linked to a higher odds of @entity4 (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.94; P-trend = 0.001) and @entity5 (OR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.28, 2.14; P-trend = 0.001) in @entity0 but not in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Our findings support a direct link between the odds of @entity4 and dietary GI but inverse associations between GL and @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity5 . This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02362113.

title: Glycemic index, glycemic load, and common XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: @entity5 is an @entity2 in which laryngeal tone is weak, resulting in dynamic prolapse of tissue into the larynx. Sensorimotor integrative function of the brainstem and peripheral reflexes are responsible for laryngeal tone and airway patency. The goal of this study was to elucidate the etiology of decreased laryngeal tone through evaluating the sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx. The secondary goal was to evaluate factors and medical comorbidities that contribute to the wide spectrum of symptoms and outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective and retrospective collection of evaluative data on @entity0 with @entity5 at two tertiary care pediatric referral centers. METHODS: Two hundred one @entity0 with @entity5 were divided into three groups on the basis of disease severity (mild, moderate, severe). @entity0 were followed prospectively every 8 to 12 weeks until symptom resolution or loss to follow-up. Sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx was evaluated in 134 @entity0 by laryngopharyngeal sensory testing (LPST) of the laryngeal adductor reflex (LAR) by delivering a duration- (50 ms) and intensity- (2.5-10 mm Hg) controlled air pulse to the aryepiglottic fold to induce the LAR. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for medical comorbidities. RESULTS: The initial LPST was higher (P < .001) in @entity0 with moderate (6.8 mm Hg) and severe disease (7.4 mm Hg) compared with those with mild disease (4.1 mm Hg). At 1, 3, and 6 months, @entity0 with moderate and severe disease continued to have a higher LPST compared with those with mild disease. At 9 months, the LPST decreased in all subjects (3.1-3.5 mm Hg, P = .14), which also correlated with symptom resolution. Neurologic, genetic, and @entity3 were more common in @entity0 with severe disease (P < .001). @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and feeding problems more common in those with moderate and severe disease (P < .001). Apgar scores were lower in those with severe disease (P < .001). Most symptoms resolved within 12 months of presentation. Those with @entity4 benefited from treatment. Supraglottoplasty resulted in few complications. Multiple comorbidities (>3) influenced the need for tracheotomy. CONCLUSIONS: Laryngeal tone and sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx is altered. The degree of alteration correlated with disease severity, indicating that factors that alter the peripheral and central reflexes of the LAR have a role in the etiology of signs and symptoms of @entity5 . @entity4 , @entity1 , and low Apgar scores influenced disease severity and clinical course, explaining the spectrum of disease symptoms and outcomes. Sensorimotor integrative function improved as symptoms resolved.

title: Abnormal sensorimotor integrative function of the larynx in XXXX : a new theory of etiology.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Involvement of the peripheral nervous system in @entity0 with primary @entity1 ( @entity1 ) has been reported, but its prevalence in neurologically asymptomatic @entity0 is not well known. OBJECTIVE: To assess clinical and neurophysiological features of the peripheral nervous system in @entity0 with primary @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: 39 (38 female) consecutive @entity0 with primary @entity1 , aged 20-81 years (mean 50), with a disease duration of 1-30 years (mean 8) were studied. The peripheral nervous system was evaluated by a questionnaire, physical examination, quantified sensory neurological examination, and neurophysiological measurements (nerve conduction studies). To assess autonomic cardiovascular function an orthostatic challenge test, a Valsalva manoeuvre, a forced respiration test, and pupillography were done. RESULTS: Abnormalities as indicated in the questionnaire were found in 8/39 (21%) @entity0 , while an abnormal neurological examination was found in 7/39 (18%) @entity0 . Abnormalities in quantified sensory neurological examination were found in 22/38 (58%) @entity0 . In 9/39 (23%) @entity0 , neurophysiological signs compatible with a sensory @entity2 were found. No differences were found in the autonomic test results, disease duration, serological parameters, or erythrocyte sedimentation rate between the @entity0 with primary @entity1 with and those without evidence of peripheral nervous involvement. CONCLUSION: Subclinical @entity3 may occur in @entity0 with primary @entity1 selected from a department of rheumatology, but clinically relevant involvement of the peripheral nervous system in this @entity0 group is rare.

title: Involvement of the peripheral nervous system in primary XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Maintenance of homeostasis of inner ear fluids and biochemical integrity of inner ear tissue are essential for proper functioning of the auditory and vestibular end organs. Although various regulatory mechanisms exist in a different portion of the labyrinth, the inner ear is known to respond to systemic challenges. The association of @entity4 with an imbalance of inner ear fluid homeostasis has been hypothesized for the past century. Among many factors, the effects of hormonal imbalance on inner ear fluid composition and inner ear function have however scarcely been studied. The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and inner ear function and possible mechanisms of functional disturbances in an experimental condition. An infusion of supraphysiologic amounts of @entity3 , a stress related hormone, resulted in an elevation of osmolality in serum and perilymph. Furthermore, the infusion of @entity3 resulted in elevation of threshold, prolongation of latency, and @entity0 of amplitude in the compound action potential of the auditory nerve. These findings were most marked at high frequencies. We hypothesized that the @entity3 -induced @entity2 was brought about by an increase in perilymphatic osmolality, as well as by the ionic imbalance caused by the osmotic gradient. Since emotional stress has been implicated as a mechanism of inducing a @entity4 , evaluation of the relationship between the autonomic system and cochlear function may contribute to the understanding of possible mechanisms of @entity1 caused by hormonal imbalances.

title: Pathophysiology of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of the study was to describe analgesia utilization before and during the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) visit and assess factors associated with analgesia use in pediatric @entity0 with isolated @entity3 . METHODS: This retrospective cohort study of @entity0 aged 0 to 15 years with a diagnosis of an isolated @entity3 was conducted at a single, level I pediatric @entity1 center. @entity0 included were treated in the @entity4 within 12 hours of @entity1 and subsequently admitted to the hospital from January 2005 through August 2007. @entity2 medication received within the first hour after @entity4 arrival was categorized based on prespecified standard doses as follows: adequate, inadequate, and no @entity2 medication received. Cumulative logistic regression analysis assessed factors associated with analgesia use. RESULTS: There were 773 @entity0 with isolated @entity3 included in the analysis. Overall, 10% of @entity0 received adequate @entity2 medicine; 31% received inadequate medicine; and 59% received no @entity2 medicine within 1 hour of @entity4 arrival. In multivariable analysis, @entity0 with younger age, longer time from @entity1 arrival, closed @entity3 , and @entity3 were less likely to receive adequate @entity2 medicine during the @entity4 visit. Of those transported by emergency medical services directly from the scene to the @entity4 , 9 (10%) of 88 were given @entity2 medication during transport. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 management in pediatric @entity0 following a @entity1 has been recognized as an important component of care. This study suggests that alleviation of @entity2 after @entity1 requires further attention in both the prehospital and @entity4 settings, especially among the youngest @entity0 .

title: Analgesic administration in the @entity4 for @entity0 requiring hospitalization for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Palliative operations for various bone @entity1 are being performed more frequently than before with the improvement of surgical technique and the development of new instruments. However, anesthesia in advanced @entity2 @entity0 who are under palliative care accompanies inherent risks which are uncommon in general orthopaedic populations. Thus, we made a retrospective analysis of the medical records of 59 @entity0 scheduled for palliative operation against metastatic @entity3 during the last 4 years. The survey revealed 5 cases of perioperative lethal events. Two of them died preoperatively from the @entity8 and unexpected @entity10 . An intraoperative @entity6 secondary to @entity5 occurred in a @entity0 during intramedullary nailing. There was a @entity0 who developed @entity9 and @entity4 after posterior fixation of the lumbar vertebrae. The remaining one @entity0 with superior vena cava syndrome developed life-threatening @entity7 during general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation. We conclude that the exact evaluation of the @entity0 's condition and the careful management of vital organ functions are mandatory during the perioperative period. In this regard, the anesthesiologists should be involved not only in the intraoperative anesthetic management but also in the perioperative care of the @entity0 with bone @entity1 .

title: [The risk of palliative operation for bone XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: Optical flow cell reflectometry was used to study the adsorption of @entity5 ( @entity6 ) to a @entity3 surface and the subsequent surfactant adsorption and polymer desorption upon exposure to the anionic surfactant @entity2 ( @entity0 ). We have studied these effects as a function of pH and surfactant concentration, but also for two different methods of @entity3 preparation, O2 plasma and piranha cleaning. As a function of pH, a plateau in the amount adsorbed of    0.6 mg/m(2) is observed below a critical pH, above which the adsorption decreases to zero within 2-3 pH units. An increase in pH leads to dissociation of surface @entity1 groups and a decreased potential for @entity4 bonding between the polymer and surface. For the plasma- and piranha-cleaned @entity3 , the critical pH differs by 1-2 pH units, a reflection of the much larger amount of surface @entity1 groups on piranha-cleaned @entity3 (for a given pH). Subsequent rinsing of the adsorbed layer of @entity6 with an @entity0 solution leads to total or partial desorption of the @entity6 layer. Any remaining adsorbed @entity6 then acts as an adsorption site for @entity0 . A large difference between plasma- and piranha-cleaned @entity3 is observed, with the @entity6 layer adsorbed to plasma-cleaned @entity3 being much more susceptible to desorption by @entity0 . For a plasma-cleaned surface at pH 5.5, only 30% of the originally adsorbed @entity6 is remaining, while for piranha-cleaned @entity3 , the pH can be increased to 10 before a similar reduction in the amount of adsorbed @entity6 is seen. For a given pH, piranha-cleaned @entity3 has a higher surface charge, leading to a smaller amount of adsorbed @entity0 per @entity6 chain on a piranha-cleaned surface compared to a plasma-cleaned surface under identical conditions. In that way, the high negative surface charge makes desorption by negatively charged @entity0 more difficult. The high surface charge thus protects the neutral polymer from surfactant-mediated desorption.

title: Adsorption and surfactant-mediated desorption of XXXX on plasma- and piranha-cleaned @entity3 surfaces.

answer: @entity5