abstract: Type 1 @entity1 is an intrinsically unstable condition because of the loss of both @entity7 secretion and @entity3 sensing. Guidelines to treat type 1 @entity1 have become stricter since results from the @entity1 Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) demonstrated the close relationship between @entity5 and HbA1c levels. Therapeutic strategies first require the treatment of underlying organic causes of the brittleness associated with the optimization of @entity7 therapy including continuous subcutaneous @entity7 infusion and @entity3 monitoring. Alternative approaches may still be needed for the most severely affected @entity0 . During the last decade, islet transplantation has gone from an inconsistent 1-year rate of @entity7 independence of 10% to 80% and could reach 50% at 5 years, at the expense of non-negligible side effects. Among potential causes of islet transplantation success, sufficient islet mass and low levels of cellular autoimmunity are of critical importance. The main issues are currently the availability of an unlimited source of @entity7 -secreting cells, and the immunosuppressive @entity2 . Today, islet alone and islet after kidney transplantation are offered in a limited number of isolation centres, usually in clinical trials. Islet after kidney transplantation can be considered in type 1 @entity1 @entity0 with @entity4 that are ineligible for double kidney-pancreas transplantation. Islet transplantation alone is proposed to C-peptide negative adult @entity1 @entity0 with a body weight <80 kg or low daily @entity7 needs with creatinine clearance above 60 ml/min, @entity6 lower than 300mg/24H and without desire for pregnancy in @entity0 . Currently and until a more complete assessment of the 5- and probably 10-year overall benefit-risk ratio is available, islet transplantation remains a clinical research procedure.

title: XXXX cell therapy: a decade later.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There is no consensus on the ideal location for mesh placement in open @entity2 (OVHR). We aim to identify the mesh location associated with the lowest rate of recurrence following OVHR using a systematic review and meta-analysis. A search was performed for studies comparing at least two of four locations for mesh placement during OVHR (onlay, inlay, sublay, and underlay). Outcomes assessed were @entity1 recurrence and @entity0 ( @entity0 ). Pairwise meta-analysis was performed to compare all direct treatment of mesh locations. A multiple treatment meta-analysis was performed to compare all mesh locations in the Bayesian framework. Sensitivity analyses were planned for the following: studies with a low risk of bias, incisional @entity1 , by @entity1 size, and by mesh type (synthetic or biologic). Twenty-one studies were identified (n  =  5,891). Sublay placement of mesh was associated with the lowest risk for recurrence [OR 0.218 (95  % CI 0.06-0.47)] and was the best of the four treatment modalities assessed [Prob (best)  =  94.2  %]. Sublay was also associated with the lowest risk for @entity0 [OR 0.449 (95  % CI 0.12-1.16)] and was the best of the 4 treatment modalities assessed [Prob (best)  =  77.3  %]. When only assessing studies at low risk of bias, of incisional @entity1 , and using synthetic mesh, the probability that sublay had the lowest rate of recurrence and @entity0 was high. Sublay mesh location has lower complication rates than other mesh locations. While additional randomized controlled trials are needed to validate these findings, this network meta-analysis suggests the probability of sublay being the best location for mesh placement is high.

title: Mesh Location in Open XXXX Repair: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Sustained (late-phase) @entity7 is associated with lower plasma @entity8 activity than is the early phase. It is not clear to what extent this reduced plasma @entity8 activity reflects diminished influence of the @entity8 -angiotensin system. It also is not clear whether this change in the character of the disease influences the effectiveness of surgical removal of the @entity6 in reversing @entity1 . Using an animal model of sustained (> or =10 weeks after renal artery clipping) two-kidney, one-clip @entity7 , we hypothesized that the magnitude of the depressor response to selective @entity5 receptor blockade with @entity9 would reflect the influence of the @entity8 -angiotensin system on @entity1 and enable us to predict the depressor response to subsequent surgical removal of the clip. METHODS: The left renal arteries of 20 male @entity0 weighing 150 to 200 gm were fitted with a @entity2 clip (0.23 mm internal diameter). Systolic blood pressure was measured by means of tail-cuff plethysmography for 10 weeks. @entity0 were then given @entity9 orally (30 mg/kg a day) for 1 week while blood pressure was monitored. After an additional week to allow recovery, 13 @entity0 underwent surgical unclipping, and seven underwent sham repair. Blood pressure again was monitored over the final week. RESULTS: All two-kidney one-clip @entity0 had @entity1 10 weeks after clipping (mean systolic blood pressure 206 +/- 10 mm Hg). @entity9 decreased systolic blood pressure by 36 +/- 6 mm Hg. The response was variable, ranging from 3 to 66 mm Hg, and overall blood pressure did not normalize (170 +/- 8 mm Hg). Subsequent surgical unclipping decreased systolic blood pressure by 46 +/- 9 mm Hg. Again the response was variable, ranging from 10 to 99 mm Hg, although overall blood pressure did not normalize (164 +/- 7 mm Hg). The decrease in blood pressure after unclipping showed a high correlation with the blood pressure decrease after @entity9 administration (r = 0.861, p < 0.001). Resting plasma @entity8 activity (before intervention) was 16 +/- 4 ng angiotensin I per milliliter per hour and was not predictive of the response to either @entity9 or surgical unclipping. The @entity0 subjected to sham operations had no statistically significant changes in blood pressure. Histologic evaluation showed patent renal arteries without appreciable @entity3 or intimal @entity4 after removal of the clips. CONCLUSIONS: In sustained two-kidney, one-clip @entity7 , the depressor response to @entity5 receptor blockade is attenuated, suggesting that late-phase @entity1 becomes increasingly @entity5 -independent. In our model, the extent to which sustained @entity7 becomes refractory to 7 days of @entity5 blockade is highly predictive of the ultimate outcome of surgical repair of @entity6 .

title: Response to angiotensin inhibition in XXXX with sustained @entity7 correlates with response to removing @entity6 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: I believe streptokinase is still the trombolytic of choice for the majority of @entity0 with @entity2 for the following reasons: 1. The superiority of alteplase over streptokinase rests on insecure grounds, statistically (when net clinical benefit is computed for the SK/subcutaneous heparin arm versus the accelerated @entity4 arm, the P value is only 0.04). 2. The excess of @entity3 with @entity4 is statistically highly significant and consistent over all trials. 3. @entity0 at greater risk of @entity3 are those with raised systolic arterial pressure above about 130 to 140 on admission and those aged over about 55 years. These comprise the majority of @entity0 admitted to ordinary Coronary Care Units. If @entity4 is given to @entity0 at low risk of @entity3 , the extra cost per life saved will be very high, since such @entity0 are at relatively low risk in any case. 4. The open design of the GUSTO-2 trial (the only trial showing a small mortality benefit for accelerated @entity4 versus SK) introduces the possibility of bias. For example, unfamiliarity with SK in North American centers may have given risk to premature stopping of treatment because of @entity1 ; this might have resulted in a more favorable experience for accelerated @entity4 in North American centers compared with the rest of the world. (The mortality benefit for accelerated @entity4 in the GUSTO trial was seen only in North American centers.)

title: Streptokinase Is Still the Agent of Choice for Most XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 and @entity2 are common distressing symptoms and may affect mood and performance status. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to describe @entity4 , sleep, @entity3 , mood, and performance status and the relationships among these variables in 187 @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and conduct an analysis using the correlates of @entity4 . METHODS: Data were from baseline measures from the study, using the Profile of Mood States and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Fatigue to assess @entity4 , the actigraph to measure sleep, the Wong/Baker Faces Pain Rating Scale to assess @entity3 , the Profile of Mood States to assess mood, and the 6-minute walk test along with a back/leg/chest dynamometer to test muscle strength to assess performance status. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics, Pearson and Spearman    correlations, and multiple regression analysis using @entity4 as the dependent variable. All P values were 2-sided, and P<.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity6 presented with @entity4 , @entity3 , sleep and @entity5 , and diminished functional performance. The regression model, which included all of these variables along with age, sex, and stage of disease, was statistically significant with a large measure of effect. Mood was a significant individual contributor to the model. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity0 with @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity3 , sleep, mood, and functional performance are interrelated. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Interventions are needed to decrease @entity4 and @entity3 and to improve sleep, mood, and functional performance.

title: Fatigue, sleep, XXXX , mood, and performance status in @entity0 with @entity6 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The regulation of phenotype and function of @entity0 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) by in vitro culture with @entity6 , IL-12 and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibodies (mAb) was investigated. The CD3+ @entity5 which express 50% less CD3 molecules per cell than peripheral blood T lymphocytes, exhibited a 6-fold reduction in proliferation when stimulated through the CD3 complex by anti-CD3 mAb. @entity5 freshly isolated or cultured in medium did not suppress MLR response, nor were they cytotoxic. However, treatment of the @entity5 cells with @entity6 , IL-12 and anti-CD3 induced these cells to suppress autologous responding cells in MLR (ca. 70%) and to kill autologous or allogeneic cells. Low level @entity1 could be induced by cytokines @entity6 , IL-12 or anti-CD3 alone. However, the development of optimum MLR suppression and @entity1 induction was dependent upon stimulation of the @entity5 cells through the CD3 complex. The co-expression of CD3 and @entity7 on @entity5 was also up-regulated by anti-CD3 stimulation in the combination of @entity6 and IL-12. Most of the CD3+/ @entity7 + cells, also expressed @entity4 . After the magnetic bead separation procedure, the cytotoxic activity was found mainly in the CD3+/ @entity7 +/ @entity4 + population. These results suggest that CD3+/ @entity7 +/ @entity4 + cells can be expanded by stimulation through the TCR/CD3 complex in the presence of @entity6 and IL-12, which results in the suppression of autologous responding cells by a cytotoxic mechanism. The proliferative response of the CD3+/ @entity7 +/ @entity4 + population was enhanced by the induction of @entity9 molecules on the stimulating cells, and anti- @entity9 mAb were able to block the response in a dose-dependent manner. The CD3+/ @entity7 +/ @entity4 + cells were examined for cytokine production by flow cytometry. Cytokines @entity8 , @entity2 , and @entity3 were produced by 91.7%, 29.2%, and 27.4% of the cells, respectively.

title: The regulation of phenotype and function of @entity0 liver CD3+/ @entity7 + lymphocytes, and cells that also co-express XXXX by @entity6 , IL-12 and anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Smooth muscle fibres are found within the superficial lamina propria of @entity1 (Muscularis Mucosa). These muscle fibres of muscularis mucosa should be distinguished from the muscularis propria in cases with @entity0 , because the depth of infiltration affects prognosis and therapy modalities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the presence of vascular plexus is a criterion for muscularis mucosa and to distinguish it from muscularis propria in @entity1 biopsies and transurethral resection specimens. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity2 -Eosin and Masson-Trichrome stained slides of 54 cases with @entity0 were reviewed. RESULTS: In all cases (100%), thick walled vessels were observed within the lamina propria of @entity1 . Smooth muscle layer of lamina propria was seen in 48 of 54 cases (88.8%), and these smooth muscle fibres were co-existed with thick walled vessels. In invasive @entity0 ; thin smooth muscle fibres and thick walled vessels were seen within the lamina propria in 22 of 24 cases (91.7%). There were two cases (8.3%) including only vessels in small biopsies of invasive @entity0 cases. In cases with non-invasive @entity0 ; muscle fibres of muscularis mucosa and vessels were found within the lamina propia in 26 of 30 cases (86.7%). In this group, muscle fibres were not detected in 4 cases (13.3%). CONCLUSION: Muscularis mucosa can be detected histologically in @entity1 biopsies and TUR materials. We emphasize that the presence of vascular network is a useful criterion to determine muscularis mucosa of @entity1 , even in the absence of muscle fibres.

title: Vascular plexus is a differentation criterion for muscularis mucosa from muscularis propria in small biopsies and transurethral resection materials of XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The wall proteome and the secretome of the fungal pathogen @entity4 help it to thrive in multiple niches of the @entity0 body. Mass spectrometry has allowed researchers to study the dynamics of both subproteomes. Here we discuss some major responses of the secretome to host-related environmental conditions. Three b-1,3-glucan-modifying enzymes, Mp65, Sun41, and Tos1, are consistently found in high amounts in culture supernatants, suggesting that they are needed for construction and expansion of the cell wall b-1,3-glucan layer, and thus correlate with growth and might serve as diagnostic biomarkers. The genes ENG1, CHT3, and SCW11, which encode an endoglucanase, the major chitinase, and a b-1,3-glucan-modifying enzyme, respectively, are periodically expressed and peak in M/G1. The corresponding protein abundances in the medium correlate with the degree of cell separation during single- @entity1 -cell, pseudohyphal, and hyphal growth. We also discuss the observation that cells treated with @entity3 , or other agents causing cell surface stress, form @entity2 . @entity3 -treated cells secrete abundant amounts of the transglucosylase Phr1, which is involved in the accumulation of b-1,3-glucan in biofilms, raising the question whether this is a general response to cell surface stress. Other abundant secretome proteins also contribute to biofilm formation, emphasizing the important role of secretome proteins in this mode of growth. Finally, we discuss the relevance of these observations to therapeutic intervention. Together, these data illustrate that @entity4 actively adapts its secretome to environmental conditions, thus promoting its survival in widely divergent niches of the @entity0 body.

title: Adaptations of the secretome of XXXX in response to host-related environmental conditions.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In order to elucidate the mechanisms of bone @entity2 , embryonic @entity0 calvariae treated with chemical or cryo-fixation were observed using transmission electron microscopy by three techniques: fine structures, various cvtochemical localizations including nonspecific proteoglycan, decorin, @entity5 , hyaluronan, @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity6 , as well as the elemental mapping of @entity1 and @entity3 by energy-filtering electron microscopy. In the calvariae, the @entity2 sequence ran as follows crystallization within matrix vesicles, formation of calcified nodules, collagen @entity2 , and finally the establishment of an expansive calcified matrix. The osteoid contained an abundance of mesh-like fibers of proteoglycans, including decorin, @entity5 , and hyaluronan, around collagen fibrils approximately 50 nm in diameter. @entity1 tended to localize at the proteoglycan sites, while @entity3 was often mapped to the collagen fibril-structures in the osteoid. @entity1 / @entity3 co-localization was found in and around the calcified nodules, where @entity4 and small sized proteoglycans were observed. During this stage, native proteoglycans surrounding the collagen fibrils disappeared, with the collagen fibrils fusing laterally, and attaining a diameter of more than 400nm. The calcified nodules expanded to occupy the entire space made available by the collagen fibril-fusion, following @entity6 accumulation in the calcified nodule/collagen fibril border. In conclusion, crystals present within the matrix vesicles became calcified nodules, in a process induced by the co-localization of @entity1 and @entity3 . @entity4 and proteoglycans may participate in the @entity1 / @entity3 co-localization. Decreases in the native proteoglycans, and the lateral fusion of collagen fibrils are thought to be involved in the expansion of calcified areas, followed by @entity6 -mediated collagen @entity2 .

title: Ultrastructural analysis of bone XXXX by using energy-filtering transmission electron microscopy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) assays using ultraviolet (UV) absorbance detection have been developed for the determination of a new @entity4 antibiotic I in @entity0 plasma and urine. A column-switching technique is employed in the HPLC methods to perform on-line extraction and separation for each sample. Each plasma sample is thawed, centrifuged, stabilized, and then injected onto an in-line reversed-phase extraction column using a @entity1 (8%)/phosphate buffer, pH 6.5. After 3 min, the analytes are back-flushed off the extraction column with a mixture of @entity3 (5.5%) and @entity1 (10%)/ @entity2 buffer (pH 6.5) for 3 min onto a BDS Hypersil 3 microm @entity5 (100 x 4.6 mm i.d.) analytical column. The sample preparation and HPLC conditions for the urine assay are similar to the plasma assay, except that a CN extraction column is used. Both assays are specific with respect to endogenous material and the major metabolite II, and both are linear over the concentration range of 0.25-50, and 2-200 microg/ml, respectively. The assays were successfully applied to a clinical dose-ranging study. One limitation of the on-line extraction method is that the extraction column needs to be replaced regularly every 100-150 plasma samples and every 200-300 urine samples. Subsequently, the urine method was modified to an ion-pair HPLC assay for the simultaneous determination of both the antibiotic I and its metabolite II.

title: Direct-injection HPLC assay for the determination of a new @entity4 antibiotic in XXXX plasma and urine.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the factors associated with outcome after accidental @entity8 . METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study on @entity0 with @entity8 (core temperature <28  C) admitted to a Level I emergency room over a 10-year period. RESULTS: Forty-eight @entity0 were included with a median temperature of 26  C (range, 16.3-28  C) on admission. The etiology of @entity8 was exposure to a cold environment (n=27), avalanche (n=13) or immersion in cold water (n=8). Mean age was 47  22 years, and 58% were males. Thirty-two @entity0 had a @entity5 ( @entity5 ): 15 @entity0 presented unwitnessed @entity5 (UCA) and 17 @entity0 presented @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Extracorporeal life support (ECLS) was implemented in 21 @entity0 with refractory @entity5 and in two @entity0 with @entity6 . Overall mortality was 50%. For @entity5 @entity0 , only three out of 15 @entity0 with UCA survived at day 28, whereas eight out of 17 @entity0 with @entity2 survived. The cerebral performance category score was 4 for all the survivors of UCA and 1 [range, 1-2] for survivors of @entity2 . @entity0 with poor outcome presented more UCA, a lower pH, a higher serum @entity3 , @entity4 , serum @entity7 or @entity1 level as well as more @entity9 . CONCLUSION: @entity5 related to @entity2 was associated with favorable outcome. On-scene @entity2 should prompt prolonged resuscitation and ECLS rewarming in all @entity5 @entity0 with @entity8 . Conversely, unwitnessed @entity5 was associated with unfavorable outcome and will likely not benefit from ECLS.

title: Outcome after severe XXXX in the French Alps: A 10-year review.

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity14 ( @entity14 , Incel) restores drug sensitivity to cells expressing @entity9 ( @entity15 ). @entity13 is expressed in a high proportion of @entity5 while @entity9 expression is variable. Since @entity12 (M) and @entity3 (P) are substrates for MDR transporters, we initiated a study to evaluate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and efficacy of @entity14 plus M/P in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity0 had progressive @entity5 (defined as new lesions, new disease-related @entity2 , or 50% increase in PSA within 6 weeks of entry), @entity4 <30 ng/ml, no prior chemotherapy, ECOG performance status of 0-3, and adequate organ function. @entity0 received @entity14 (120 mg/m(2) per h) as a 72-h continuous intravenous infusion with intravenous bolus @entity12 (12 mg/m(2)) administered 4 h after @entity14 was started and @entity3 (5 mg twice daily) administered throughout the study treatment. Endpoints included serum PSA response, PSA response duration, time to PSA progression, @entity2 reduction, and quality of life measures. RESULTS: Enrolled in the study were 40 @entity0 and 184 courses of @entity14 plus M/P were administered. Intensive pharmacokinetics, which were performed on six @entity0 who received one cycle of M/P alone, followed by @entity14 plus M/P for all other cycles, showed that @entity14 did not alter @entity12 clearance. @entity14 blood concentration at the time of @entity12 administration averaged 4.52 microg/ml. @entity14 plus M/P was well tolerated. @entity8 and mild @entity10 were the principal treatment @entity1 . Five @entity0 experienced an uncomplicated febrile neutropenic episode (12%), three had severe @entity6 / @entity7 , and two experienced transient moderate to severe @entity11 . Of the 40 @entity0 , 12 (30%, 95% confidence interval 16-44%) had a reduction in PSA of >/=50% and 9 of the 12 @entity0 (23% overall, 95% CI 10-35%) achieved a reduction in PSA of >/=80% that was sustained for the duration of treatment with M/P plus @entity14 . The median time to PSA progression was 41 weeks (95% CI 34-68 weeks). Of the 40 @entity0 , 15 completed treatment with stable disease and 13 had progressive disease with increasing serum PSA during study treatment. Median survival was 48 weeks for the intent-to-treat population of 40 @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: The addition of @entity14 to M/P therapy did not appear to increase the proportion of @entity0 with significant serum PSA reductions compared to M/P alone. However, the duration of PSA response observed for the 12 PSA responders suggests that MDR inhibition may benefit some @entity0 with @entity5 . In addition to @entity13 or @entity9 expression, other mechanisms of drug resistance are probably associated with the relative insensitivity of @entity5 to cytotoxic therapy.

title: Safety and efficacy of the MDR inhibitor Incel (biricodar, @entity14 ) in combination with @entity12 and @entity3 in XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Effective orifice area (EOA) is the standard index for assessing @entity1 ( @entity1 ) severity. However, EOA varies during ejection and a single measurement at 1 ejection time point may not fully describe the hemodynamic severity of a stenotic aortic valve. We investigated whether the dynamic change in EOA during ejection differs between @entity0 with severe @entity1 (EOA </= 1.0 cm(2)) (n = 15) and age-/sex-matched control @entity0 (n = 15), and whether the ejection pattern varies with @entity1 severity (n = 45). In @entity0 with severe @entity1 , maximum left ventricular outflow tract velocity (V(LVOT)) and transvalvular velocity (V( @entity1 )) occurred later in the ejection period (EP) when compared with control @entity0 (V(LVOT) 47 +/- 8 vs 29 +/- 8%, P =.0001; V( @entity1 ) 36 +/- 7 vs 27 +/- 8%, P =.003). Maximum V(LVOT) occurred later than maximum V( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with severe @entity1 (47 +/- 8 vs 36 +/- 7%, P =.0005), but simultaneously in control @entity0 (29 +/- 8 vs 27 +/- 8%, P = NS). @entity0 with severe @entity1 had a slower EOA opening rate than control @entity0 (4 +/- 1 vs 41 +/- 38 cm(2)/s, P =.002) and reached 80% and 100% of maximum EOA later in the EP (43 +/- 26 vs 15 +/- 6%, P =.001; 70 +/- 20 vs 48 +/- 30%, P =.03). EOA tended to increase between 10% and 90% of the EP in @entity0 with severe @entity1 , but had a plateau in control @entity0 (slope 0.38 +/- 0.26 vs 0.02 +/- 0.25% change in EOA per 1% change of EP, P =.0006). In @entity0 with severe @entity1 , EOA was >/=80% of maximum EOA for a shorter duration during ejection compared with control @entity0 (49 +/- 25 vs 64 +/- 14%, P =.05). EOA opening rate, time to maximum V(LVOT), time to maximum V( @entity1 ), and time to 80% of maximum EOA correlated with mean pressure gradient (r = -0.80, 0.63, 0.42, and 0.54, respectively, n = 45). Indices of ejection dynamics and valve kinetics differ in @entity0 with @entity1 and may provide further insight into the hemodynamic or physiologic severity of a stenotic aortic valve.

title: Temporal variations in effective orifice area during ejection in XXXX with valvular aortic stenosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the rate of major complications related to percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided microwave ablation (MWA) of primary and secondary @entity3 performed at our institution over a 4-year period. METHODS: From May 2010 to September 2014, 70 MWAs were performed on 51 @entity0 . All major intra- and post-procedural complications (as defined by the classification proposed by the Society of Interventional Radiology) were retrospectively analysed. The results were correlated with a systematic review of the available literature on MWA in the lung. RESULTS: Major complications were encountered in 14 out of 70 ablations (20%). Twenty-one separate major complications were encountered (some ablations lead to more than one major complication). One @entity2 occurred within 30 days of ablation, though the relationship to the procedure remains uncertain. Other major complications included: nine pneumothoraces requiring drain insertion (12.9%), four cases of large effusion requiring drainage (5.7%), two cases of significant @entity4 altering clinical management (2.9%), two infections (2.9%), one case of mechanical failure (1.4%), one chest wall burn (1.4%) and one case of pleural seeding (1.4%). Major complications were much more likely to occur if the nodule was located within 7   mm from the pleura. CONCLUSION: MWA of @entity1 carries moderate risk; nevertheless, the usually manageable complications should not deter from undertaking a potentially curative therapy for poor surgical candidates.

title: Major complications of high-energy microwave ablation for percutaneous CT-guided treatment of XXXX : Single-centre experience after 4 years.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4047 Background: Despite a recent fall in incidence, @entity3 remains common in China. @entity11 plus P is a standard treatment for AGC, producing response rates of 27-51% in randomized trials, although few Chinese data are available. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of replacing the @entity11 component with X (Xeloda) as 1st-line therapy in Chinese AGC pts. METHODS: We enrolled 145 pts between @entity10 2002 and May 2003. All had measurable AGC (WHO), and adequate Karnofsky PS, bone marrow, @entity1 . Prior radiotherapy or adjuvant chemotherapy was permitted. @entity0 received @entity6 1000 mg/m(2) orally twice daily on days 1-14 plus fractionated @entity9 20 mg/m(2) i.v. on days 1-5, every 3 weeks. RESULTS: Baseline characteristics of the 130 pts evaluable to date: 98 @entity0 , 32 @entity0 ; median age 53.7 years (range 23-80); median Karnofsky PS 80 (60-100); 82% of pts had 1 metastatic site, and 18% had >= 2, the most common being the lymph nodes (44%), liver (42%), and stomach (17%). The median treatment duration is currently 6 cycles (range 2-6). Efficacy findings are shown in the table: response rate 45% (95% CI, 36-53%). Median progression-free and overall survival have not yet been reached. There were no grade 4 and very few grade 3 adverse events (all <5%): SGPT and SGOT, @entity13 , @entity4 , @entity5 , @entity7 , @entity2 , @entity8 , @entity12 . Most events were easily managed with dose adjustment and/or suitable treatments, except 1 pt with @entity7 who withdrew after 2 cycles. CONCLUSIONS: X combined with fractionated P is highly active and very well tolerated as first-line treatment for AGC, with comparable results to @entity11 /P. These results provide the rationale for randomized testing of the combination, although standard single infusion of P would enhance convenience. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: XXXX (X) combined with @entity9 (P) as 1st-line therapy in Chinese @entity0 (pts) with advanced @entity3 (AGC).

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIM: To determine the frequency of @entity2 source detection in @entity0 with obscure @entity1 (OGIB) who underwent double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) after pre-procedure imaging [multiphase computed tomography enterography (MPCTE), video capsule endoscopy (VCE), or both] and assess the impact of imaging on DBE diagnostic yield. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study using a prospectively maintained database of all adult @entity0 presenting with OGIB who underwent DBE from September 1(st), 2002 to June 30(th), 2013 at a single tertiary center. RESULTS: Four hundred and ninety five @entity0 (52% females; median age 68 years) underwent DBE for OGIB. AVCE and/or MPCTE performed within 1 year prior to DBE (in 441 @entity0 ) increased the diagnostic yield of DBE (67.1% with preceding imaging vs 59.5% without). Using DBE as the gold standard, VCE and MPCTE had a diagnostic yield of 72.7% and 32.5% respectively. There were no increased odds of finding a @entity2 site at DBE compared to VCE (OR = 1.3, P = 0.150). There were increased odds of finding a @entity2 site at DBE compared to MPCTE (OR = 5.9, P < 0.001). In inpatients with overt OGIB, diagnostic yield of DBE was not affected by preceding imaging. CONCLUSION: DBE is a safe and well-tolerated procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of OGIB, with a diagnostic yield that may be increased after obtaining a preceding VCE or MPCTE. However, inpatients with active ongoing @entity2 may benefit from proceeding directly to antegrade DBE.

title: Assessment of multi-modality evaluations of obscure XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 22-year-old @entity0 presented to our department with a mass on the base of his tongue. He had a cavernous voice causing a moderate @entity2 , and he had some difficulty in swallowing. He had severe problems with sleep, associated with apnoea. In a fibreoptic laryngoscopic examination, a large 4*5   cm vascular mass was detected extending from the base of the @entity0 's tongue to his @entity1 . It covered the @entity1 . Thyroid scintigraphy showed only thyroid tissue on the base of the tongue. Surgery was initiated transorally under the guidance of a rigid endoscope, but as the mass continued extended to the @entity1 , a transhyoid approach was taken. At a 3-month follow-up, the @entity0 was symptom free. Electrocautery-assisted resection under the guidance of a rigid endoscope can reliably be used in surgery of a @entity3 . However, a transhyoid approach provides a better view and also helps in achieving haemostasis.

title: A large XXXX extending to the @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hyperattenuating nodules detected by arterial phase helical computed tomography (HCT) in @entity0 with @entity1 usually are believed to represent @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We correlated HCT morphology of hyperattenuating hepatic nodules detected during arterial phase scans with the histopathology of explanted livers of @entity0 with @entity4 undergoing liver transplantation. METHODS: Three hundred fifty-four @entity0 had arterial and portal phase HCT performed before subsequent hepatic transplantation. Each @entity0 received 180 mL of contrast by power injection at 5 mL/s. All hyperattenuating nodules detected on arterial phase HCT were assessed for morphology and evidence for contrast enhancement. Explanted livers in all @entity0 were then sectioned at 10-mm intervals, and the histology of the nodules was correlated with the HCT findings. RESULTS: Sixty-one hyperattenuating nodules were detected on the arterial phase HCT in 43 @entity0 : 41 nodules were benign @entity5 ( @entity5 ), three were @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and 17 were @entity2 . Most @entity5 / @entity5 nodules were 5-20 mm in diameter, had distinct margins, were homogeneous, and were isoattenuating on precontrast, portal, and delayed scans. Thirty-six showed positive contrast enhancement and displayed a wide range of attenuation profiles. HCC nodules were 6-50 mm. All showed positive contrast enhancement and displayed a wide range of attenuation profiles. CONCLUSION: Hyperattenuating nodules seen on arterial phase HCT are likely to be @entity5 / @entity5 nodules. In many cases, it is not possible to distinguish between @entity5 / @entity5 and HCC. Thus, clinical decisions regarding inclusion criteria for transplantation based on CT morphology of @entity3 may be tenuous.

title: Significance of hyperattenuating and contrast-enhancing hepatic nodules detected in the cirrhotic liver during arterial phase helical CT in pre-liver transplant XXXX : radiologic-histopathologic correlation of explanted livers.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the occurrence of and risk factors for chemotherapy-induced @entity4 (CINV) in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: In total, 214 @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent highly emetogenic (HEC) or moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) were evaluated. We investigated the relationship between CINV and clinical factors and the accuracy of estimation of CINV by medical staff in the acute and late phases. Vomiting was evaluated in terms of frequency, and @entity3 was evaluated with a 100-mm visual analog scale on days 1 to 7. We also analyzed the risk factors and changes in CINV over time using a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) model. RESULTS: The multivariate analysis revealed no significant risk factors for acute CINV. The independent risk factors for delayed @entity3 were a morning sickness history (odds ratio [OR], 2.687; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.450-4.976; p=0.0017), age (each 1-year increment) (OR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.944-0.996; p=0.0235), and HEC (OR, 2.134; 95% CI, 1.039-4.383; p=0.0391). The @entity2 model demonstrated that the independent factors affecting @entity3 were significant morning sickness (p=0.0101) and HEC (p=0.0136). These data also showed more severe @entity3 from days 3 to 5, but the negative predictive value for estimation of delayed @entity3 by medical staff was 57.8%. CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that improvement of preventive antiemetic administration is needed for @entity0 with risk factors to manage delayed CINV caused by HEC and by MEC.

title: A prospective observational study on chemotherapy-induced XXXX (CINV) in @entity0 with @entity1 by the CINV Study Group of Japan.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Due to the painful nature of childbirth and its maternal and neonatal complications, the @entity0 needs support in this phase of their life. Increased knowledge and skills during pregnancy prepares pregnant mothers for labor and leads to promoted health. AIM: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of "prenatal education" on the process of childbirth. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: This clinical trial was conducted on 195 pregnant @entity0 , that is, control group (N = 132) and case group (N = 63) attending health centers in Amol-Iran from 20 weeks of gestation age during 2012. Case group members attended in "prenatal education" class and the control group only received routine care. Data were collected through demographic questionnaire, standard @entity1 , and a checklist related to childbirth information, and intensity of @entity2 based on visual analogue scale and McGill scales. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software using t-test and Chi-square test. RESULTS: The result of this study showed that the parent with a high level of education was more interested to @entity0 in prenatal classes. The anxiety level in case group (who received education) was 14.47 (4.69) and in control group it was 16 (4.86), (P < 0.001) the @entity2 intensity in case group was 85.68 (1.85) and in control group was 90.99 (14.72) (P = 0.03), intervention on labor such episiotomy was 39 %66.1 (39/63) in case group and 80 %72.8 (80/132) in control group (P = 0.01) and cesarean section was 13 %17.1 (13/63) in case group and 58 %32.2 (58/132) in control group (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: According to findings of this study, the prenatal education and psychological support are beneficial for mothers during pregnancy and labor. Therefore, it is recommended for educating all the pregnant @entity0 .

title: The Effectiveness of Prenatal Intervention on XXXX and @entity1 during the Process of Childbirth-Northern Iran: Clinical Trial Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the differentiating potentials of computed tomography texture analysis for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) from their preinvasive lesions or minimally invasive @entity2 (MIAs) manifesting as persistent pure ground-glass nodules (PGGNs) larger than 5 mm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This institutional review board-approved retrospective study included 63 @entity0 (23 @entity0 and 40 @entity0 ) with 66 PGGNs larger than 5 mm on unenhanced computed tomography from 2005 to 2013. All PGGNs were pathologically confirmed and categorized into 2 groups [ @entity1 (n = 11) vs preinvasive lesions (n = 41)/MIAs (n = 14)]. Each PGGN was segmented manually, and their texture features were quantitatively extracted. To identify significant differentiating factors of @entity1 from preinvasive lesions/MIAs, multivariate logistic regression and C-statistic analyses were performed. RESULTS: Between @entity1 and preinvasive lesions/MIAs, nodule size, volume, mass, entropy, effective diameter, and surface area were significantly different (P < 0.05), and homogeneity and gray level co-occurrence matrix inverse difference moment showed marginal significance (P < 0.10). Subsequent multivariate analysis revealed larger nodule mass [adjusted odds ratio (OR), 11.92], higher entropy (adjusted OR, 35.12), and lower homogeneity (adjusted OR, 0.278 * 10) as independent differentiating factors of @entity1 . Subgroup analysis showed that larger nodule mass, higher entropy, and lower homogeneity were also significant differentiating variables of @entity1 in nodules of diameter 10 mm or larger. A multiple logistic regression model using these features showed excellent [area under the curve (AUC), 0.962] and significantly higher differentiating performance compared to nodule size (AUC, 0.712) or mass (AUC, 0.788) alone. CONCLUSION: Computed tomography texture features such as higher entropy and lower homogeneity were significant differentiating factors of @entity1 presenting as PGGNs larger than 5 mm and have potentials to enhance the differentiating performance.

title: Persistent Pure Ground-Glass Nodules Larger Than 5 mm: Differentiation of Invasive XXXX From Preinvasive Lesions or Minimally Invasive @entity2 Using Texture Analysis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 proneural genes act in the process of selecting neural precursors from undifferentiated ectoderm. The proneural gene atonal is required for the development of precursors of both chordotonal organs (stretch receptors) and photoreceptors. Although these types of sensory element are dissimilar in structure and function, they both occur as organized arrays of neurons. Previous studies have shown that clustering of photoreceptors involves local recruitment, and that signalling by the @entity0 @entity2 (DER) pathway is involved in the recruitment process. We present evidence that a similar mechanism is required for the clustering of embryonic chordotonal organs. RESULTS: We have examined the expression patterns of atonal and genes of the DER pathway in wild-type and mutant backgrounds. Expression of atonal was restricted to a subset of the atonal-requiring chordotonal precursors, which we call founder precursors. The remaining precursors required DER signalling for their selection. Signalling by the founder precursors was initiated by atonal activating, directly or indirectly, @entity3 expression in these cells. Signalling by these founder precursors then provoked a response in the surrounding ectodermal cells, as shown by the activation of expression of the DER target genes pointed and argos. The signal and response then led to recruitment of some of the ectodermal cells to the chordotonal precursor cell fate. DER hyperactivation by misexpression of @entity3 resulted in excessive chordotonal precursor recruitment. CONCLUSIONS: Increased numbers of chordotonal precursors are recruited by homeogenetic induction involving signalling via DER from founder precursors to surrounding ectodermal cells. We suggest that the reason chordotonal organs and photoreceptors share a requirement for the proneural gene atonal is that this gene activates a common pathway leading to @entity1 .

title: Requirement for XXXX signalling in neural recruitment during formation of @entity0 chordotonal sense organ clusters.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta ( @entity2 ) is actively expressed during @entity0 calvarial suture fusion. However, the role @entity2 plays in this process remains unclear. The present study was performed to investigate whether modulation of suture fusion can be achieved by blocking the bioavailability of @entity2 . Both in vitro and in vivo models were studied. For the in vitro model, the posterior frontal sutures from 24-day-old @entity0 were harvested and cultured for 2, 3, or 4 weeks in the presence of 20 microg/ml of pan-specific @entity2 polyclonal antibody or rabbit IgG as a control. Culture media were changed every 48 hours and fresh antibody or rabbit IgG was added during each media change. Suture fusion was evaluated by histometric analysis. For the in vivo model, @entity2 antisense plasmid DNA complexed with @entity1 was injected into the subgaleal layer along the frontal suture of 22-day-old @entity0 under anesthesia. For control groups, empty vector plasmid DNA+ complexed with @entity1 was used. The posterior frontal sutures were harvested at various time points and examined by histometric analysis and reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction for the detection of messenger RNA. The in vitro studies demonstrated that the presence of @entity2 antibody in culture media delayed posterior frontal suture fusion. By 3 weeks in culture, new bone area was only 20 percent of that in control groups as determined by histometric analysis. By the end of the fourth week, suture fusion was only 25 percent completed compared with controls. The in vivo studies demonstrated that, compared with the control, posterior frontal suture fusion was significantly delayed in the animals injected with antisense plasmid DNA. Suture fusion was complete in control animals by postnatal day 45. There was a 70 percent inhibition of suture fusion (new bone area) in antisense groups measured with histometric analysis. Four days after antisense plasmid DNA injection (age of 26 days), messenger RNA expression for @entity2 was 77 percent lower than in the control group. We have demonstrated that modulation of @entity2 affects calvarial suture formation in vitro and in vivo with @entity2 antibody and @entity2 antisense plasmid DNA treatment, respectively. These data indicate that @entity2 may play a causative role in @entity0 posterior frontal suture fusion. Modulation @entity2 gene expression in vivo can alter the natural history of cranial suture fusion.

title: The role of transforming growth factor-beta in the modulation of XXXX cranial suture fusion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Late-onset noninfectious @entity3 (LONIPCs) occurring beyond 3 months after allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo- @entity8 ) have become recognized as life-threatening complications, and they reduce the recipient's quality of life. However, the pathogenesis and optimal treatment for LONIPCs are still unclear. In this study, we retrospectively analyzed the incidence and outcome of LONIPCs among allo- @entity8 recipients. Between October 1993 and September 2001, 96 @entity0 underwent allo- @entity8 and 76 @entity0 who survived and were free of disease for more than 3 months after @entity8 were enrolled. Among the 76 @entity0 , 18 @entity0 (23.7%) developed LONIPCs at a median interval of 227 days after allo- @entity8 (range, 91-1105 days). The @entity0 with LONIPCs were subclassified into those with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) (6 @entity0 ), with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) (11 @entity0 ), or with both @entity7 and @entity4 (1 @entity0 ). The presence of extensive @entity6 ( @entity6 ) was significantly associated with the development of LONIPCs (P =.0008). Liver or skin involvement in chronic @entity6 was not associated, but sicca syndrome was significantly associated with the development of LONIPCs (P <.0001). Most of the @entity4 @entity0 (58.3%) responded well to immunosuppressive treatment, while @entity7 @entity0 did not respond to the therapy. Eight of the 18 @entity0 with LONIPCs died. The major cause of @entity2 was @entity5 (62.5%). The relapse rate of primary @entity1 in the LONIPC @entity0 was significantly lower than that of non-LONIPC @entity0 (1 of 17 [5.9%] versus 16 of 52 [30.8%]; P =.0387). These results indicate that the development of LONIPCs was strongly associated with chronic @entity6 and especially with @entity6 (GVL) effect.

title: Late-onset noninfectious XXXX after allogeneic stem cell transplantation are significantly associated with @entity6 and with the graft-versus-leukemia effect.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Bone marrow transplantation and stem cell transplantation have become standard therapies offering potential cures for a number of @entity4 and @entity2 . @entity1 remains a life threatening complication after transplantation, contributes significantly to morbidity, and may necessitate admission to the ICU. It is estimated that between 20 and 40% of @entity0 receiving bone marrow transplant will require ICU admission in the initial posttransplantation phase. Historically, survival rates after admission to the ICU are dismal, particularly if mechanical ventilation is required for @entity3 . Other organ involvement worsens the prognosis still further and has led to proposals for rationing or restricting access to critical care units and supportive measures. Recent studies have reported small but significant improvements in outcome after @entity5 . Whether this improvement is a result of changes in levels of supportive care or a more defined @entity0 selection is uncertain. Moreover, risk factors identifying @entity0 who will benefit most from intensive support are poorly defined. However, it is generally accepted that @entity3 requiring invasive mechanical ventilation is associated with a poor prognosis in this @entity0 group. Early involvement of intensivists in the management of @entity5 in transplant recipients is likely to continue to improve survival in this group of @entity0 .

title: Severe XXXX after bone marrow transplantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Free @entity1 radicals and insufficiency of antioxidant enzymes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Trace elements function as a co-factor in antioxidant enzymes. The antioxidant system and trace elements have been investigated in many different studies including @entity2 , but these subjects have not been investigated as a whole in these @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidative system and trace elements in @entity2 @entity0 given different antihypertensive therapy. METHODS: We examined @entity8 and @entity4 dismutase activities together with @entity7 and @entity3 levels in plasma of 102 @entity0 with @entity2 and in 51 healthy controls. RESULTS: It was found that in @entity0 with @entity2 , plasma @entity8 was significantly higher than those of controls, while plasma @entity4 dismutase activities were significantly lower in @entity0 with @entity2 . Plasma @entity3 levels were significantly higher than those of controls and plasma @entity7 levels were significantly lower in @entity0 with @entity2 . Plasma lipid levels and oxidative state were analyzed in five different treatment groups given antihypertensive drug therapy before and after a 3-month treatment period. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our clinical study shows that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers have notable effects on oxidative stress, and are an essential step in managing essential @entity2 by the way of improvement of @entity5 . Although it has been shown that @entity6 channel blockers, beta blockers and alpha receptor blockers have antioxidant effects in in vitro conditions, we did not demonstrate these effects in our clinical study.

title: Effects of antihypertensive agents, alpha receptor blockers, beta blockers, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers and XXXX channel blockers, on oxidative stress.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The effects of different @entity4 and @entity2 sources on cell growth, pH, and exopolysaccharide (EPS) and @entity6 ( @entity7 ) production by two strains of @entity8 (M5N1 and Su47) are reported. Differences in the behavior of @entity1 - and @entity3 -grown cells were shown, in particular with the M5N1 strain. Growth in a @entity1 -containing medium was accompanied by acidification of the culture medium, which leads to cell death. On @entity3 , acidification was detected only in the medium with a mineral @entity4 supply. A lag phase in EPS production was observed with cells grown with @entity1 , probably related to an initial extracellular conversion of the @entity5 into an acid. No lag phase was observed in EPS production from @entity3 or in @entity7 synthesis whatever the @entity2 source. A decrease in @entity7 content was noticed for both strains under conditions where acidification of media occurred. The extent of production, emphasized by the use of a coproduction index, indicates that the M5N1 strain is a more promising organism than is the Su47 strain for polymer production. Such a strain, put in rich medium (containing @entity0 extract) supplemented with @entity3 , accumulated @entity7 up to 85% of dry cell weight and excreted about 1.5 g of EPS per liter in the medium. Regulation of the coproduction of EPS and @entity7 by these cells is suggested.

title: Exopolysaccharide and XXXX Coproduction in Two @entity8 Strains.

answer: @entity6


abstract: AIMS: Right ventricular (RV) remodelling involves changes in size, function, and shape. Although three-dimensional echocardiography (3DE) allows imaging of RV morphology, regional RV shape analysis has not been evaluated using 3DE. We developed a technique to quantify RV shape and tested its ability to differentiate normal from pressure overloaded right ventricles. Methods Transthoracic 3DE RV images were acquired in 54 subjects, including 39 @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and 15 normal controls (NL). 3D RV surfaces were reconstructed (TomTec) at end-diastole and @entity2 ( @entity2 , ES) and processed using custom software to calculate mean curvature of the inflow and outflow tracts (RVIT, RVOT), apex, and body (both divided into free wall and septum). METHODS AND RESULTS: Septal segments (apical and body) in NLs were characterized by concavity (curvature < 0) in @entity2 and slight convexity (curvature > 0) in ES. In @entity1 , however, the septum remained convex, bulging into the left ventricle throughout the cardiac cycle. In keeping with the 'bellows-like' action of RV contraction in the NL group, the body free wall transitioned from a convex surface at @entity2 to a more flattened surface at ES, while the apex free wall progressed from a less convex surface at @entity2 to a more convex surface at ES. In contrast, in @entity1 , both RV free-wall segments (apical and body) remained equally convex throughout the cardiac cycle. CONCLUSIONS: Curvature analysis using 3D echocardiography allows quantitative evaluation of RV remodelling, which could be used to track differential changes in regional RV shape, as a way to assess disease progression or regression.

title: Three-dimensional echocardiography-based analysis of right ventricular shape in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To develop a reactive @entity1 species (ROS) sensitive drug carrier, a chondroitin @entity2 (CS)- @entity5 (ATC) based nanocomplex was developed. @entity3 ( @entity4 ) was loaded in the CS-ATC nanocomplex (CS-ATC- @entity4 ) via intermolecular stacking interaction. The nanocomplex was fabricated by a simple mixing method in the aqueous phase. The morphology and size of CS-ATC- @entity4 were determined by ATC content. In the group with 1.5mg/ml of ATC loaded CS-ATC- @entity4 (CS-ATC2- @entity4 ), the drug content and loading efficiency were 8.5% and 99.1%, respectively. The ROS sensitive drug release of CS-ATC2- @entity4 was confirmed under in vitro physiological conditions. The results demonstrated that 1.67 times higher @entity4 release occurred in CS-ATC2- @entity4 for 48h compared to CS- @entity4 (ATC absent sample). Drug release and nanocomplex destruction were induced by ROS mediated ATC degradation. We determined that 66.7% of ROS was scavenged by CS-ATC2- @entity4 . Additionally, an HCT-116 @entity0 bearing animal model was used to confirm ROS sensitive therapeutic effects of CS-ATC2- @entity4 . The results indicate that @entity4 was released from the intravenously injected CS-ATC2- @entity4 in the @entity0 tissue. Thus, nuclei shrinkage and dead cells were observed in H_E staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. These data suggest that the @entity0 growth was effectively inhibited. This study means that CS-ATC2- @entity4 has potential in improving @entity0 therapy.

title: Reactive @entity1 species responsive drug releasing nanoparticle based on chondroitin @entity2 - XXXX nanocomplex for efficient @entity0 therapy.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate serum levels of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) after off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: The PubMed (~2013) and the Chinese Biomedical Database (CBM) (1982   ~   2013) were searched without language restrictions. After extraction of relevant data from selected studies, meta-analyses were conducted using STATA software (Version 12.0, Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas USA). Possible sources of heterogeneity were examined through univariate and multivariate meta-regression analyses and verified by Monte Carlo Simulation. RESULTS: Eleven studies with a total of 411 @entity1 @entity0 met the inclusion criteria. Our meta-analysis showed no significant difference in serum @entity3 and @entity2 levels between the on-pump group and the off-pump group before surgery. In the on-pump group, there was a significant difference in serum @entity3 levels of @entity1 @entity0 between before and after surgery, especially within the first 24  h after surgery. Furthermore, in the on-pump group, there was a significant difference in serum @entity2 levels of @entity1 @entity0 between before and after surgery, particularly at 0  h after surgery. In the off-pump group, there was an obvious difference in serum @entity3 levels between before and after surgery, especially within 24  h after surgery. Our results also demonstrated that serum @entity3 and @entity2 levels of @entity1 @entity0 in the on-pump group were significantly higher than those of @entity0 in the off-pump group, especially within 24  h after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide empirical evidence that off-pump and on-pump CABG surgeries may increase serum @entity3 and @entity2 levels in @entity1 @entity0 , which was most prominent within 24  h after on-pump CABG surgery.

title: Serum XXXX and @entity2 levels after off-pump versus on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of @entity5 patterns in @entity3 eradication rates has been poorly investigated. AIMS: To compare the efficacy of @entity4 or proton pump inhibitors triple therapy for @entity3 eradication in pangastritis. @entity0 AND METHODS: One hundred and eight @entity0 with pangastritis were assigned to either @entity7 30 mg once a day (n=54) or @entity4 240 mg bis in die (n=54) for 14 days combined, for the first week, with @entity1 1g plus @entity2 250 mg tris in die. Eradication was confirmed by @entity8 breath test. RESULTS: With @entity4 , successful eradication was observed in 75.9% (41/54) in the intention-to-treat analysis and 78.8% (41/52) in the per-protocol analysis. With @entity7 , the eradication rates were respectively 46.3% (25/54) and 51.0% (25/49). @entity4 had a significant higher efficacy according to both intention-to-treat analysis (p=0.0029) and per-protocol analysis (p=0.0038) with OR of 3.66 (95% CI: 1.61-8.32) and 3.58 (95% CI: 1.50-8.54) respectively. At regression analysis, the only independent variable affecting eradication was the type of regimen (p=0.026) with an OR of 3.31 (95% CI: 1.16-9.44). CONCLUSIONS: In pangastritis @entity0 , @entity4 is more effective than @entity6 in first-line eradication. For improving the overall eradication rates, an evaluation of @entity5 extent might need to be considered.

title: High efficacy of bismuth subcitrate for XXXX eradication in pangastritis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Coating biomaterials with a thin @entity3 (HA) was proven effective in enhancing bone compatibility. @entity1 are considered as the most difficult defect to repair in bone regeneration therapy. We developed submicron-thin HA-coated @entity4 fiber mesh scaffolds to reconstruct immediately loaded segmental mandibular defects and evaluated their bone compatibility in  vitro and in  vivo. @entity0 osteoblasts attachment, proliferation, and osteocalcin expression in non- and HA-coated scaffolds were evaluated. A 10-mm @entity1 in a @entity2 mandibular bone was reconstructed with non- or HA-coated scaffolds, which were removed at 9 and 21 weeks, to evaluate the mechanical strength of the bone-scaffold connection and the bone formation around the scaffold. Expression of osteocalcin was greater in HA-coated scaffolds. In  vivo bone formation in HA-coated scaffolds was greater than that in non-coated scaffolds at 21 weeks. Newly formed bone in HA-coated scaffolds mostly restored bone continuity. Scanning electron microscopy identified strong integration of the bone and HA-coated scaffolds. The mechanical strength of the bone-scaffold connection was 3-fold greater in HA-coated scaffolds than that in non-coated scaffolds. These results suggest that a thin HA-coated @entity4 fiber mesh scaffold is a bone-compatible mandibular reconstruction device in immediately loaded segmental defects.

title: Development of a biointegrated mandibular reconstruction device consisting of bone compatible XXXX fiber mesh scaffold.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is classified into mild, moderate and severe, based on the Glasgow @entity3 Score (GCS). However, @entity1 @entity0 are often influenced by @entity4 , which in itself can attenuate the level of consciousness. This study investigated the effect of @entity4 on the GCS group classification in @entity1 @entity0 . METHODS: The Oslo University Hospital trauma database was searched for all @entity0 admitted with a @entity2 where the blood @entity4 concentration (BEC) had been measured (n   =   1004). The effect of BEC on GCS groups was analysed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression. RESULTS: This study identified 546, 142 and 316 @entity0 in the mild, moderate and severe groups, respectively. Increasing BEC by 1   g   kg(-1) and pre-hospital intubation had OR   =   1.34 and 16.34 for being in a more severe GCS group, respectively. Increasing head abbreviated injury scale (head-AIS) was significantly associated with being in a more severe GCS group. The modelled probability of detecting a head-AIS of 4 or 5 in a @entity0 with BEC of 2.0   g   kg(-1) was 20%, 38% and 65% in the mild, moderate and severe groups, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Increasing BEC was associated with increasing odds of being in a more severe GCS group. However, because the modelled probability of significant @entity5 was high in @entity0 with high levels of BEC, a reduced level of consciousness in intoxicated @entity0 mandates further radiological investigations.

title: The impact of blood @entity4 concentration on the classification of XXXX severity in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to assess the epidemiology, characteristics, and outcome of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in Finland. METHODS AND RESULTS: We identified in retrospect all adult (>18 years of age) @entity0 diagnosed with histologically confirmed @entity1 in Finland between 1988 and 2012. A total of 110 @entity0 (71 @entity0 ) 51  9 years of age (mean  SD) were found and followed up for outcome events to the end of 2013. The annual detection rate of @entity1 increased >20-fold during the 25-year period, reaching 0.31 in 1*10(5) adults between 2008 and 2012. The 2012 prevalence of @entity1 was 2.2 in 1*10(5). Nearly two thirds of @entity0 had clinically isolated @entity1 . Altogether, 102 of the 110 @entity0 received immunosuppressive therapy, and 56 received an intracardiac defibrillator. Left ventricular function was impaired (ejection fraction <50%) in 65 @entity0 (59%) at diagnosis and showed no overall change over 12 months of @entity2 therapy. During follow-up (median, 6.6 years), 10 @entity0 died of a cardiac cause, 11 @entity0 underwent transplantation, and another 11 @entity0 suffered an @entity4 . The Kaplan-Meier estimates for 1-, 5-, and 10-year transplantation-free cardiac survival were 97%, 90%, and 83%, respectively. @entity3 at presentation predicted poor outcome (log-rank P=0.0001) with a 10-year transplantation-free cardiac survival of only 53%. CONCLUSIONS: The detection rate of @entity1 has increased markedly in Finland over the last 25 years. With current therapy, the prognosis of @entity1 appears better than generally considered, but @entity0 presenting with @entity3 still have poor long-term outcome.

title: XXXX : epidemiology, characteristics, and outcome over 25 years in a nationwide study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The interstitial nucleus of Cajal (INC) is thought to play an important role in torsional/vertical eye position and head posture, and disorders of the INC induce @entity3 and head tilt. Our @entity0 with ocular tilt reactions simultaneously also had disturbances in ambulatory balance, yet no reports address the loss of balance control induced by disorders of the INC. We examined the ambulatory disturbances induced by INC lesion. We experienced three @entity0 with @entity3 and abnormal head tilt due to @entity2 . We performed ophthalmic examinations on and checked the balance of them. With funduscopy, abnormal cycloduction was seen in the unaffected side and normal cycloduction was observed in the affected side. Nevertheless, Hess charts showed distortions in the visual image of both eyes. They all had disorders of balance control. We tried to treat them using the Bobath approach for improving their ambulatory balance. With subsequent improvements in balance control it was possible for them to take short walks, but it was difficult to make any improvements in their ocular movement. The INC is related to balance control of ambulation and disorders of the INC induce ambulatory disturbances. Cycloduction was only observed in the unaffected side, but Hess charts showed distortions of the visual image in both eyes. Ambulation was briefly improved, but @entity1 persisted in these @entity0 .

title: Gait balance disorder by XXXX of interstitial nucleus of cajal.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) is primarily used as an industrial degreasing agent and has been in use since the 1940s. @entity6 is released into the soil, surface, and groundwater. From an environmental and regulatory standpoint, more than half of Superfund hazardous waste sites on the National Priority List are contaminated with @entity6 . Occupational exposure to @entity6 occurs primarily via inhalation, while environmental @entity6 exposure also occurs through ingestion of contaminated drinking water. Current literature links @entity6 exposure to various adverse health effects including @entity1 . Current studies aiming to address developmental @entity1 utilized rodent and avian models, with the majority of studies using relatively higher parts per million (mg/L) doses. In this study, to further investigate developmental @entity3 of @entity6 , @entity4 embryos were treated with 0, 10, 100, or 500 parts per billion (ppb;  g/L) @entity6 during embryogenesis and/or through early larval stages. After the appropriate exposure period, angiogenesis, F-actin, and mitochondrial function were assessed. A significant dose-response decrease in angiogenesis, F-actin, and mitochondrial function was observed. To further complement this data, a transcriptomic profile of @entity4 larvae was completed to identify gene alterations associated with the 10 ppb @entity6 exposure. Results from the transcriptomic data revealed that embryonic @entity6 exposure caused significant changes in genes associated with @entity1 , @entity0 , and organismal @entity2 with a number of targets in the FAK signaling pathway. Overall, results from our study support @entity6 as a developmental cardiovascular toxicant, provide molecular targets and pathways for investigation in future studies, and indicate a need for continued priority for environmental regulation.

title: Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Disruption of F-Actin Polymerization, and Transcriptomic Alterations in XXXX Larvae Exposed to @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is an infrequent disease with a poor prognosis. We present the clinical and biological features of 41 @entity0 . Median age was 67 years [42-89] and male-female sex ratio was 2.4. The immunophenotyping revealed B-cell phenotype, with a high level expression of surface IgM and/or IgD in all cases, FMC7+ in 76 % of cases and CD5+ in 67%. Marked spontaneous in-vitro apoptosis was observed in most cases tested (n = 12). The median overall survival time was 5 years and the event-free survival time was 37 months. As detected by univariate and multivariate analysis, the only variables associated with a poor prognosis were advanced age and @entity1 . No significant difference was observed between de novo @entity5 (n = 27) and prolymphocytoid transformation of @entity4 (n = 14). Two groups of @entity0 were individualized according to their clinical course: @entity0 who died within one year of diagnosis (n = 14) and @entity0 who had a prolonged survival (n = 23) without any treatment in some cases. The comparison between the 2 groups showed that they differed in age (p = 0.01) and @entity1 (p = 0.02). We also observed that the @entity0 with @entity2 mutations had a worse clinical outcome. Taken together these data confirm that @entity6 should be regarded as a distinct form of @entity3 and suggest the existence of two patterns of clinical evolution.

title: A multicentric study of 41 cases of XXXX : two evolutive forms.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The relationship between blood pressure (BP) and @entity2 has been extensively documented. However, the benefit of anti- @entity3 drugs differs according to the type of cardiovascular event. @entity9 is tightly intertwined with BP and aorta cross-talk with small arteries. We endeavored to elucidate which BP component and type of vessel remodeling was predictive of the following outcomes: fatal @entity6 ( @entity6 ), @entity1 , renal -, coronary- or cerebrovascular-related @entity4 . Large vessel remodeling was estimated by an aortography-based @entity7 score (ATS) while small vessel disease was documented by the presence of a @entity3 @entity8 . We included 1031 subjects referred for @entity3 workup and assessed outcomes 30 years later. After adjustment for major risk factors, ATS and pulse pressure (PP) were predictive of coronary events while @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity8 were not. On the contrary, @entity5 was predictive of cerebrovascular and renal related @entity4 while ATS and PP were not. @entity8 was only predictive of cerebrovascular related @entity4 . Lastly, the @entity7 phenotype and increased PP identified @entity0 prone to develop fatal @entity6 whereas the @entity8 phenotype and increased @entity5 identified @entity0 at higher risk of @entity1 . These results illustrate the particular feature of the resistive coronary circulation comparatively to the brain and kidneys' low-resistance circulation. Our results advocate for a rational preventive strategy based on the identification of distinct clinical phenotypes. Accordingly, decreasing @entity5 levels could help preventing @entity1 in @entity8 phenotypes whereas targeting PP is possibly more efficient in preventing @entity6 in @entity7 phenotypes.

title: Association of various blood pressure variables and vascular phenotypes with coronary, @entity1 and renal XXXX : Potential implications for prevention.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to determine the demographic, anatomic, institutional, and surgical risk factors associated with outcomes after the Norwood operation. METHODS: A total of 710 of 985 neonates with critical @entity3 or @entity4 enrolled in a prospective 29-institution study between 1994 and 2000 underwent the Norwood operation. Admission echocardiograms were independently reviewed for 64% of neonates. Competing risks analyses were constructed for outcomes after Norwood operation and after cavopulmonary shunt. Incremental risk factors for outcome events were sought. RESULTS: Overall survivals after the Norwood operation were 72%, 60%, and 54% at 1 month, 1 year, and 5 years, respectively. According to competing risks analysis, 97% of neonates reached a subsequent transition state by 18 months after Norwood operation, consisting of @entity1 (37%), cavopulmonary shunt (58%), or other state (2%, cardiac transplantation, biventricular repair, or Fontan operation). Risk factors for @entity1 occurring before subsequent transition included @entity0 -specific variables (lower birth weight, smaller ascending aorta, older age at Norwood operation), institutional variables (institutions enrolling < or =10 neonates, two institutions enrolling >/=40 neonates), and procedural variables (shunt originating from aorta, longer circulatory arrest time, and management of the ascending aorta). Of neonates undergoing cavopulmonary shunt, 91% had reached a subsequent transition state by 6 years after cavopulmonary shunt, consisting of Fontan operation (79%), @entity1 (9%), or cardiac transplantation (3%). Risk factors for @entity1 occurring before subsequent transition included younger age at cavopulmonary shunt and need for right @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: Competing risks analysis defines the prevalence of the various outcomes after Norwood operation and predicts improved outcomes with successful modification of controllable risk factors.

title: Outcomes after the Norwood operation in neonates with critical XXXX or aortic valve atresia.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effect of dietary @entity8 ( @entity9 ) in the absence of @entity10 ( @entity11 ) has been studied infrequently in @entity0 under controlled conditions. This 120-d study followed healthy, adult male volunteers who lived in the metabolic research unit (MRU) of the Western @entity0 Nutrition Research Center for the entire study. The basal (low- @entity9 ) diet consisted of natural foods (30 en% fat, 15 en% protein, and 55 en% @entity7 ), containing < 50 mg/d of @entity9 , and met the recommended daily intake for all essential nutrients. The high- @entity9 (intervention) diet was similar except that 6 g/d of @entity9 in the form of a @entity2 containing 40% @entity9 replaced an equal amount of safflower oil in the basal diet. The subjects (ages 20 to 39) were within -10 to +20% of ideal body weight, nonsmoking, and not allowed @entity1 in the MRU. Their exercise level was constant, and their body weights were maintained within 2% of entry level. They were initially fed the low- @entity9 diet for 30 d. On day 31, six subjects (intervention, group A) were placed on the high- @entity9 diet; the other four subjects (controls, group B) remained on the low- @entity9 diet. Platelet aggregation in platelet-rich plasma was determined using @entity4 , collagen, and @entity6 . No statistical differences could be detected between the amount of agonist required to produce 50% aggregation of platelet-rich plasma before and after the subjects consumed the high- @entity9 diet. The prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and the antithrombin-III levels in the subjects were determined, and, again, there were no statistically significant differences in these three parameters when their values were compared before and after the subjects consumed the high- @entity9 diet. In addition, the in vivo bleeding times did not show any significant difference before and after the subjects consumed the high- @entity9 diet (9.4 +/- 3.1 min before and 8.0 +/- 3.4 min after). Platelets from the volunteers exhibited more than a threefold increase in their @entity9 content from 1.54 +/- 0.16 to 5.48 +/- 1.21 (wt%) during the @entity9 feeding period. The @entity11 content of the subjects' platelets increased from 0.34 +/- 0.12 to 2.67 +/- 0.91 (wt%) during the high- @entity9 diet despite the absence of @entity11 in the subjects' diets. The results from this study on blood clotting parameters and in vitro platelet aggregation suggest that adding 6 g/d of dietary @entity9 for 90 d to a typical Western diet containing less than 50 mg/d of @entity9 produces no observable physiological changes in @entity5 , platelet function, or @entity3 tendencies in healthy, adult males.

title: The effect of dietary @entity8 on platelet function, platelet fatty acid composition, and XXXX in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECT: In this retrospective study the authors examined the aspect ratio (AR; the maximum dimension of the dome/width of the neck of an @entity3 ) and compared the distribution of this ratio in a group of @entity4 . A similar comparison was performed in relation to the maximum dimension of the @entity3 alone. The authors sought to evaluate the utility of these measures for differentiating @entity4 . METHODS: Measurements were made of 774 @entity3 in 532 @entity0 at three medical centers. One hundred twenty-seven @entity0 harbored only unruptured lesions, 290 only @entity1 , and 115 both @entity1 . Cases were included if angiograms were available for measurement and the status of the individual @entity0 's @entity3 (s) was known. The odds of a lesion falling in the ruptured @entity3 group increased with both the lesion's maximum size and the AR. The odds ratio for @entity2 rose progressively only for the AR. The distribution curves showed that @entity4 were larger and had greater ARs. The mean size of @entity3 was 7 mm and that of ruptured ones was 8 mm; the corresponding mean ARs were 1.8 and 3.4, respectively. The odds of @entity2 were 20-fold greater when the AR was larger than 3.47 compared with an AR less than or equal to 1.38. Only 7% of @entity4 had an AR less than 1.38 compared with 45% of unruptured lesions. CONCLUSIONS: The AR is probably a useful index to calculate. A high AR might reasonably influence the decision to treat actively an unruptured @entity3 independent of its maximum size. Prospective studies are warranted.

title: The aspect ratio (dome/neck) of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the prevalence and describe the clinical features and treatment of @entity0 with @entity3 after implant placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was performed. @entity1 were defined as the presence of purulent drainage and/or increasing @entity2 and swelling in the operated area before prosthetic loading. @entity0 -based infection prevalences and 95% confidence intervals for implant were determined. @entity0 who healed, were followed up to determine implant survival and success rates. RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-seven @entity0 (1273 implants) were included. Twenty-two @entity1 were recorded (6.5% of the @entity0 and 1.7% of the implants). These complications were usually diagnosed within the first month, and in 17 cases (77.3%) surgical treatment was performed because of antibiotic therapy failure. Twelve implants (54.6%) in 12 @entity0 (54.6%) failed before prosthetic loading. The survival and success rates of the infected loaded implants were 80% and 50%, respectively, with a mean follow-up of 42.9 months (SD of 10.2 months). CONCLUSION: Four to 10% of @entity0 receiving dental implants develop @entity1 . This complication is important because applied treatments are usually ineffective and two-thirds of the infected implants fail, most before prosthetic loading.

title: XXXX After Dental Implant Placement: Prevalence, Clinical Features, and Treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the diagnostic value of whole-body low-dose (LD) computed tomography (CT) for the detection of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt complications in pediatric @entity0 compared with radiographic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in an ex vivo @entity1 animal model. METHODS: In the first step, 2 optimized LD-CT imaging protocols, with high pitch (pitch, 3.2), low tube voltages (70 kVp and 80 kVp), and using both filtered back projection and iterative reconstruction, were assessed on a 16-cm solid @entity3 phantom regarding signal-to-noise ratio and radiation dose. Taking both radiation dose and signal-to-noise ratio into account, the LD-CT protocol (80 kVp; 4 mA; pitch, 3.2) was identified as most appropriate and therefore applied in this study.After identification of appropriate LD-CT protocol, 12 VP shunts were implanted in 6 @entity1 cadavers (mean weight, 5.1 kg). Twenty-four mechanical complications (extracranial and extraperitoneal malpositioning, breakages, and disconnections) were induced in half of the VP shunts. Low-dose CT and conventional @entity4 were acquired in standard fashion. Dose-area products (DAPs) for @entity4 and LD-CT were collected; effective radiation doses for both @entity4 and LD-CT were estimated using CT-Expo (v. 2.3.1.) and age-specific effective dose (ED) estimates. Qualitative scoring of diagnostic confidence on a 5-point Likert scale (1, very low diagnostic confidence; 5, excellent diagnostic confidence) and blinded readings of both @entity4 and LD-CTs were performed. RESULTS: Among the 24 VP shunt complications, LD-CT yielded excellent sensitivity and specificity for the detection of VP shunt complications (sensitivity, 0.98; specificity, 1; 95% confidence interval, 0.92-1) with excellent interobserver agreement (k = 0.90). Shunt series yielded good sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity, 0.75; specificity, 1; 95% confidence interval, 0.58-0.92) with moderate interobserver agreement (k = 0.56). No false-positive findings were registered. Compared with @entity4 , LD-CT yielded significantly lower ED and DAPs (ED, 0.039 vs 0.062 @entity2 ; @entity5 , 20.5 vs 26.3; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this experimental ex vivo pediatric @entity0 model, LD-CT yields excellent sensitivity for the detection of VP shunt complications at higher diagnostic confidence and lower radiation exposure compared with @entity4 .

title: High-Pitch Low-Dose Whole-Body Computed Tomography for the Assessment of Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts in a Pediatric XXXX Model: An Experimental Ex Vivo Study in @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11 ( @entity11 ) is expressed in upper airways, however, little is known regarding whether @entity11 ( @entity11 ) signals exert a regulatory effect on the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with @entity3 (CRSwNP), especially on @entity0 . We sought to investigate the effect of Poly(IC), the ligand for @entity11 , on cytokine production by dispersed nasal polyp cells (DNPCs). METHODS: DNPCs were pretreated with or without Poly(IC), and were then cultured in the presence or absence of staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), following which the levels of @entity1 , @entity4 , @entity9 , @entity10 and @entity2 in the supernatant were measured. To determine the involvement of @entity4 and cyclooxygenase in Poly(IC)-mediated signaling, DNPCs were treated with anti- @entity4 monoclonal antibody and @entity8 , the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, respectively. @entity12 -induced @entity5 ( @entity5 ) production was also determined. RESULTS: Exposure to @entity12 induced a significant production of @entity4 , but not of @entity1 , @entity9 , @entity10 or @entity2 by DNPCs. Pretreatment with @entity12 dose-dependently inhibited SEB-induced @entity1 , @entity9 and @entity10 , but not @entity2 production. Neutralization of @entity4 significantly abrogated the inhibitory effect of @entity12 . Treatment with @entity8 also abrogated the inhibitory effect of @entity12 on SEB-induced @entity1 and @entity9 production. However, unlike exposure of @entity8 -treated DNPCs to lipopolysaccharide, the ligand for @entity7 , exposure of these cells to @entity12 did not enhance @entity1 or @entity9 production. Poly(IC) did not significantly increase @entity5 production by DNPCs. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity11 signaling regulates @entity6 -associated cytokine production in CRSwNP, at least in part, via @entity4 production.

title: Regulatory effect of @entity11 signaling on staphylococcal enterotoxin-induced @entity1 , XXXX , @entity10 and @entity2 production in chronic rhinosinusitis with @entity3 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Meta-analyses point to a modest but significant effect of probiotics on symptoms in @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We aimed to assess the effect of the probiotic Lactobacillus casei Shirota (LcS) on symptoms and quality of life in @entity2 @entity0 in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity2 @entity0 (Rome II) between 18 and 65 years of age were included. The study consisted of an 8-week intervention period in which the @entity0 received probiotic (LcS) or placebo twice daily, followed by an 8-week follow-up period. Symptom diaries and quality of life were scored at weeks 0, 8 and 16. The primary outcome parameter was a decrease of at least 30% in a composite @entity1 ( @entity1 ) at week 8 on the basis of an intention-to-treat analysis. RESULTS: Thirty-nine individuals (67% @entity0 ) were included in the probiotic group and 41 individuals (71% @entity0 ) were included in the placebo group. After the intervention period, the mean relative improvement did not reach 30% for @entity1 or any individual symptom score. After follow-up (week 16), a mean improvement of at least 30% was achieved for @entity1 in the probiotic group, but no significant difference was found between both treatment groups (mean  SD: 34  7%; 13  8%, P=0.06). CONCLUSION: After probiotic treatment with LcS, no improvement of 30% in @entity1 was observed after 8 weeks.

title: Efficacy of Lactobacillus casei Shirota for @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Even though there are no satisfactory data available on the prevalence of @entity3 in the elderly, it is certainly a common problem in Germany. The goal of this study is to provide information on the treatment of elderly @entity0 with @entity3 in geriatric care and @entity2 therapy facilities in Germany. METHOD: Throughout Germany geriatric and @entity2 clinics were asked by email about their treatment practice of @entity0 with @entity3 . The questions related to four types of @entity0 sharing the same @entity3 characteristics and comorbidities but differing with respect to @entity1 . The questions were divided into the following areas: equipment, staff, @entity0 care, documentation, and cooperation. RESULTS: Replies from a total of 85  institutions were evaluated. The response rates were approximately 5   % for geriatric units and 10   % for @entity2 units. More @entity0 with @entity3 are treated in geriatrics units than in @entity2 therapy facilities due to larger capacities. Although all four types of @entity0 are treated in both types of facilities, the functionally more competent @entity0 are more common in @entity2 therapy facilities. In geriatrics, the inverse relationship was found. Differences exist in the staff structure and qualification, frequency and refinement of individual and group therapies, assessments used, teamwork, documentation, and cooperation with outpatient care. CONCLUSION: Due to the differences between geriatric and @entity2 management departments shown in all investigated areas, an exchange between these two cross-sectional subjects could help to improve inpatient, outpatient and intersectoral treatment of elderly @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: [Treatment of elderly with @entity3 in geriatric care and XXXX therapy facilities in Germany : Survey results].

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM AND OBJECTIVE:     To evaluate the effect of @entity2 vs caudal epidural on the quality of @entity4 and surgical outcome following @entity7 repair. BACKGROUND:     Intraoperative penile engorgement because of caudal epidural may result in tension on surgical sutures and alter surgical outcome. METHODS:     Fifty-four ASA I and II @entity0 were randomly allocated to group P ( @entity2 , 0.25% @entity5 , 0.5   mg  kg(-1) ; n   =   27) and group C (caudal epidural, 0.25% @entity5 , 0.5   ml  kg(-1) ; n   =   27), respectively. Quality of @entity4 was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) score recorded at 0, 0.5, 3, 6, 12, 24   h, and once a day for the next 4   days. Duration of @entity4 was calculated from the institution of block to the first analgesic demand by @entity0 or VAS   >   5. Total @entity3 consumption in the first 48   h and oral @entity6 consumption till 5th day were recorded. @entity0 were regularly followed up in their respective outpatient clinic for early or late complications. RESULTS:     In group P, lower mean VAS scores were seen from 0.5   h after surgery till day 3 and @entity4 lasted for significantly longer duration (82   min) when compared with caudal epidural, P   <   0.001. Incidence of @entity1 formation after @entity7 repair was 19.2%, and all had received caudal epidural. An increase of 27% in penile volume from baseline value was observed 10   min after caudal epidural placement, P   <   0.05. CONCLUSION:     @entity2 provided better @entity4 when compared with caudal epidural in @entity0 undergoing @entity7 repair. Postoperative @entity1 formation was more likely in @entity0 who received caudal epidural.

title: Surgical outcome in @entity0 undergoing @entity7 repair under caudal epidural vs XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) activates signaling pathways to induce transcription of a number of genes encoding ER protein chaperones and-folding catalysts. In @entity0 this transcriptional induction is mediated by an increase in the synthesis of the transcription factor @entity3 . The transmembrane receptor @entity4 / @entity4 containing a Ser/Thr protein kinase and endoribonuclease activity transmits the unfolded protein response (UPR) from the ER to the nucleus. Activation of @entity4 kinase induces its endoribonuclease activity to cleave unspliced @entity3 mRNA and generate exon fragments that are subsequently ligated by tRNA ligase ( @entity5 ). Whereas unspliced @entity3 mRNA is poorly translated, spliced @entity3 mRNA is efficiently translated. Subunits of the @entity0 transcriptional co-activator complex SAGA also play a role in the UPR. Deletion of GCN5, @entity1 , or @entity6 reduces, and deletion of @entity2 completely abolishes, the UPR. Although @entity3 mRNA requires only @entity4 and @entity5 in vitro, we demonstrate that @entity2 is required for the @entity4 / @entity5 -dependent splicing reaction of @entity3 mRNA in vivo. In addition, @entity2 interacts with @entity4 . These results suggest that subcomponents of transcriptional co-activator complexes may be involved in RNA processing events.

title: The transcriptional co-activator XXXX is required for @entity3 mRNA processing in vivo.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Severe @entity3 ( @entity3 ) causes ventilatory insufficiency and the need for prolonged artificial ventilation. Under circumstances where medical care for @entity0 with severe @entity3 is required in a resource-limited institution, identifying initial clinical presentations in @entity3 @entity0 that can predict @entity2 and the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 15 days) may be helpful for advanced care planning. METHODS: The medical records of @entity0 diagnosed with @entity3 in a tertiary care and medical teaching hospital from January 2001 to December 2010 were retrospectively reviewed. The demographic data and clinical presentations of the @entity0 were summarised using descriptive statistics. Clinical predictors of @entity2 and the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 15 days) were identified using univariate logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 55 @entity0 with @entity3 were included in this study. Mechanical ventilation was needed in 28 (50.9%) @entity0 . Significant clinical predictors for @entity2 were bulbar @entity1 (odds ratio [OR] 5.08, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.31-21.60, p = 0.007) and time to peak limb weakness  <= 5 days (OR 0.75, 95% CI 0.62-0.91, p < 0.001). Bulbar @entity1 (p = 0.006) and time to peak limb weakness  <= 5 days (p < 0.001) were also found to be significantly associated with the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation (> 15 days). CONCLUSION: @entity1 and time to peak limb weakness  <= 5 days were able to predict @entity2 and the need for prolonged mechanical ventilation in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Clinical presentations as predictors of prolonged mechanical ventilation in XXXX in an institution with limited medical resources.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity2 and @entity3 plus @entity1 for sedation during esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) in @entity0 . METHODS: Data were collected prospectively and retrospectively from neurologically intact @entity0 (0.2-17.7 years of age) who underwent ambulatory diagnostic EGD during a 4-year period. Data were included from 155 consecutive @entity0 receiving @entity2 with or without premedication with @entity1 (PM group). One hundred five consecutive @entity0 who received sedation with a @entity1 plus @entity3 combination served as a comparison (MM group). Outcome variables were: time required for induction of sedation, length of procedure, time for recovery, need for additional supportive measures, and need for physical restraint. RESULTS: The onset of sedation was faster and the length of procedure and recovery were significantly shorter in the PM group as compared with the MM group (P < 0.01). @entity0 in the MM group required restraint more often than in the PM group. A higher dose of @entity3 and @entity1 was used in the prospective study. This led to deeper sedation but increased need for additional support. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 is safe and effective for facilitating EGD in @entity0 .

title: @entity2 versus XXXX plus @entity3 for sedation during ambulatory esophagogastroduodenoscopy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the analgesic efficacy and the opioid-sparing effect of oral @entity6 compared with intramuscular (IM) @entity5 in tonsillectomy. METHODS: Seventy-seven adult @entity0 were randomized into 2 groups: group R (n = 39), which received a single oral preoperative dose of @entity6 50 mg, and group K (n = 38), which received 2 IM doses of @entity5 100 mg (before surgery and after 12 hours). In both groups, additional IM @entity4 1 mg/kg was given. All @entity0 received general anesthesia. A @entity2 score (visual analog scale, 0 to 100) was assessed both at rest and during swallowing at 30 minutes and at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours after operation. If the @entity2 score exceeded 40, @entity0 were given @entity4 as rescue analgesia. RESULTS: The @entity2 scores during rest and swallowing in group R were significantly lower (p < .05) than those of group K at 4, 8, and 12 hours after operation. @entity4 was given as rescue medication in significantly more @entity0 of group K (76%) than of group R (38%; p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Oral premedication with @entity6 seems to be more effective than use of @entity5 in decreasing @entity3 and the need for opioid rescue medication after elective tonsillectomy. Both drugs seem to be relatively safe as far as @entity1 is concerned.

title: Preoperative administration of @entity6 versus @entity5 for XXXX relief after tonsillectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The chemokine Stromal cell-derived factor 1a (SDF1a, @entity3 ) is currently under investigation as a biomarker for various @entity1 . The correct interpretation of SDF1a levels is complicated by the occurrence of truncated forms that possess an altered biological activity. METHODOLOGY: We studied the immunoreactivities of SDF1a forms and evaluated the effect of adding a @entity4 inhibitor in sampling tubes on measured SDF1a levels. Using optimized sampling, we measured @entity4 activity and SDF1a levels in @entity0 with varying degrees of @entity2 . RESULTS: The immunoreactivities of SDF1a and its degradation products were determined with three immunoassays. A one hour incubation of SDF1a with @entity4 at 37  C resulted in 2/3 loss of immunoreactivity in each of the assays. Incubation with serum gave a similar result. Using appropriate sampling, SDF1a levels were found to be significantly higher in those @entity2 @entity0 with a severe loss of left ventricular function. @entity4 activity in serum was not altered in the @entity2 population. However, the @entity4 activity was found to be significantly decreased in @entity0 with high SDF1a levels. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that all samples for SDF1a analysis should be collected in the presence of at least a @entity4 inhibitor. In doing so, we found higher SDF1a levels in subgroups of @entity0 with @entity2 . Our work supports the need for further research on the clinical relevance of SDF1a levels in @entity1 .

title: Circulating Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1a Levels in XXXX : A Matter of Proper Sampling.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Both @entity8 and @entity5 are rare disorders of unknown etiology, characterised by @entity1 leading to dense @entity2 . There have been several reports of @entity8 with @entity5 . @entity4 is frequently associated with various extrapancreatic lesions, their pathological similarities such as dense inflammatory @entity2 with lymphoplasmacytic infiltration strongly suggests a close relationship between autoimmune @entity4 and @entity8 . Recently, autoimmune @entity4 including these systemic fibrosing disorders may be classified as IgG4-related @entity3 . However, the relationship between @entity6 and IgG4-related @entity3 is still uncertain. We performed immunohistochemical examinations in autopsy specimens from a @entity0 with @entity6 . Histological findings can be summarized as follows: sever interstitial @entity2 and diffuse inflammatory cells infiltration, presenting nonspecific inflammatory changes. Immunohistochemically, diffuse infiltrates in the dura consisted predominantly of @entity7 positive T or L-26 positive B lymphocytes. Many IgG4 positive plasma cells were also infiltrated. To our knowledge, this may be the first report which showed IgG4 positive plasma cells infiltration in the dura in a @entity0 with @entity6 . It is postulated that @entity6 may be a dural lesion of IgG4-related @entity3 .

title: [Is @entity5 a dural lesion of IgG4-related XXXX ?].

answer: @entity3