abstract: BACKGROUND: Post-operative care programmes after @entity1 surgery include strategies for mobilisation, such as early weight bearing, gait retraining and other physical therapy interventions. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of different mobilisation strategies and programmes after @entity1 surgery. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Musculoskeletal Injuries Group specialised register (to February 2002), MEDLINE (1966 to February 2002), the National Research Register (Issue 2, 2001), Current Controlled Trials, conference proceedings and reference lists of articles. SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised or quasi-randomised trials comparing different mobilisation strategies/programmes after @entity1 surgery. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: The reviewers independently assessed trial quality, using a ten item scale, and extracted data. Wherever appropriate and possible, the data are presented graphically. MAIN RESULTS: Our first update included one new study. Again, each of the now five included trials evaluated a different intervention. Most trials had poor and / or poorly reported trial methodology. One trial of 100 @entity0 which compared twice daily with once daily physiotherapy reported a lack of demonstrable difference in recovery of the two @entity0 groups at nine weeks follow-up. Only limited outcome data were available for checking this. One trial of 80 @entity0 evaluated a quadriceps muscle strengthening exercise programme. Improved mobility, leg extension power and Barthel score were reported for the intervention group. A treadmill gait retraining programme was compared with a conventional gait retraining programme in 40 @entity0 . More @entity0 in the treadmill group had recovered their pre- @entity2 level of mobility by the time of hospital discharge, which tended to happen earlier than for the control group. Neither of these differences were statistically significant. One trial of 24 @entity0 compared neuromuscular stimulation of the quadriceps muscle with placebo stimulation. No data were available to test the claims that neuromuscular stimulation improved the recovery of mobility, assessed up to 13 weeks. One trial involving 273 @entity0 with a displaced intracapsular @entity2 treated by internal fixation compared weight bearing at two weeks after surgery with delayed weight bearing at 12 weeks after surgery. From the limited data available, there were no statistically significant differences between the two methods of treatment for the outcomes of non-union, mortality and overall unfavourable outcome at one year. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: There is insufficient evidence from randomised trials to determine the effects of more frequent physiotherapy, quadriceps strengthening exercises, treadmill gait retraining, or neuromuscular stimulation after @entity1 surgery. There is also insufficient evidence to determine the effects of early weight bearing after the internal fixation of an intracapsular proximal @entity3 .

title: Mobilisation strategies after XXXX surgery in adults.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aims of the study were to review long-term trends in @entity1 incidence, survival and mortality and, in light of these, to consider prospects for prevention. DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiological study. SETTING: Scotland. SUBJECTS: Incident cases of @entity1 , diagnosed 1959-1993, and registered with the Scottish Cancer Registry, and recorded deaths from @entity1 during 1919 to 1993. RESULTS: Scottish @entity0 and @entity0 continue to experience rates of @entity1 which are amongst the highest in the world. In @entity0 , incidence rose from 1959 to a peak in the late 1970s and is now decreasing steadily. In @entity0 , although starting from a lower baseline, incidence has risen steadily since 1959 (at an annual rate of increase of 5.0 per cent) and shows no evidence of a sustained decline. It is estimated that, between 1986 and 2000, the annual number of registrations in those aged under 85 years could fall by 20 per cent in @entity0 and rise by 8 per cent in @entity0 . Incidence in the most deprived areas of Scotland is twice that in the least deprived areas. Survival prospects have changed little over the last 25 years. In both sexes, trends in mortality mirror trends in incidence. CONCLUSION: Although @entity1 incidence in @entity0 is falling, it is likely that we have not yet reached the peak of the @entity1 epidemic amongst @entity0 . As up to 90 per cent of these @entity2 are attributable to @entity3 , measures to control this drug should be the main focus of prevention activities. Emphasis should be placed on efforts to cut smoking prevalence among @entity0 and the most deprived groups of society and to reduce the uptake of smoking amongst the young. The fact that some other countries report more favourable survival figures suggests that there may be scope for improvements in diagnosis and therapy. The formulation of guidelines for best current practice in the management of @entity1 should aid progress in this respect.

title: The epidemiology of XXXX in Scotland: a review of trends in incidence, survival and mortality and prospects for prevention.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in cognitive function and clinical features following a switch from oral atypical antipsychotics (AAPs) to long-acting injectable @entity6 (LAIR) in @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: Thirty-six @entity0 with @entity3 treated with oral AAPs participated in this open-label, 26-week study. Cognitive functions were measured at baseline and at 12 and 26 weeks. The secondary outcome measures included the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and measurements for @entity1 . RESULTS: Significant improvements in cognitive function were observed in the backward Digit Span Test, Verbal Learning Test, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, correct responses on the Continuous Performance Test, and @entity7 Making Test part B following a switch to LAIR. Scores on the PANSS, SOFAS, @entity2 , and the Simpson-Angus Rating Scale also improved significantly. Most improvements in neurocognitive function were not correlated with clinical measures. @entity5 and @entity8 were the most common adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Switching from oral AAPs to LAIR improved cognitive function including vigilance, verbal learning and memory, executive function, sustained attention, and visuomotor speed in @entity0 with @entity3 . It was also effective for improving @entity4 , social functioning, and insight.

title: Effects of switching to long-acting injectable XXXX from oral atypical antipsychotics on cognitive function in @entity0 with @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity4 is associated with @entity2 habits and/or overweight/ @entity1 . We challenged several lifestyle features associated with @entity4 and, particularly, with @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Among them, sleep shortage as a result of nightlife habits and a preference for plus-size fashion were assessed. The latter consists of fashionable plus-sized clothing for actual individuals' size and reflects a frequent attitude of some social or age groups, conceivably indicating more global and widespread trend and behaviour. METHODS: We studied a group of 708 non-diabetic youngsters, 458 @entity0 and 250 @entity0 , 21.72    3.71 years old (range 15-35 years), referred for minor digestive ailments for clinical assessment, ultrasound detection of @entity4 and nutritional counselling. Details of personal history regarding lifestyle, food intake frequency and @entity2 intake, dietary and physical exercise profile, sleep duration and clothing preferences were recorded. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity5 in this cohort of youngsters is 67/708 (9.4%). Even if it is quantitatively very low in both groups, the average @entity2 intake, always below 20 g/day, is greater in @entity5 subjects (5.83    4.32 g) vs. subjects with normal liver (2.02    3.20 g). The number of meals/day and adherence to a Mediterranean diet profile are smaller in @entity5 subjects. By multiple regression, BMI, sedentary life, plus-sized clothing for their actual size, sleep shortage and lower frequency of daily food intake are associated with the presence of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Onset and continuation of @entity3 , beyond food and exercise quantity and quality, with their effects on @entity1 , may also be associated with other aspects of lifestyle.

title: XXXX and lifestyle in youngsters: diet, food intake frequency, exercise, sleep shortage and fashion.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the outcomes such as @entity4 , analgesic requirements, and hospital stay following the use of topical @entity7 0.4% or intravenous (IV) @entity5 in @entity0 undergoing strabismus surgery. METHODS: This was a prospective cohort study. @entity0 operated under general anesthesia for strabismus were given topical @entity7 0.4% (Group T) and IV @entity5 (Group F) before surgery. The episodes of @entity2 / @entity3 , @entity1 score, requirement of additional analgesia during postoperative period, and duration of hospital stay were compared in two groups. RESULTS: There were 47 @entity0 in Group T and 59 @entity0 in Group F. The median @entity1 score in two groups were 2.38 (25% quartile; 2.0) and 3.00 (25% quartile; 3.00), respectively. The difference was significant (K W P < 0.03). The episodes of @entity2 / @entity3 in two groups were in 2 and 6 @entity0 in Group T and Group F, respectively. The median hospital stay of @entity0 of Group T and Group F were 242 and 285 min, respectively. The difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.22). CONCLUSIONS: Using intraoperative topical @entity6 drops, one can achieve better analgesic outcomes and reduce risk of @entity2 and @entity3 compared to intravenous opioid analgesics and therefore, the hospital stay could also be marginally reduced.

title: Comparison of topical @entity6 and intravenous XXXX in pediatric strabismus surgery.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: With the rise of multidrug resistance among pathogens, especially in wound care management is of great concern. Hence, we designed to study the in-vitro activity of topical agents honey and @entity3 against wound @entity1 and compares @entity3 and honey dressings used in wound care. Methods: 172 isolates from burn and surgical wounds were isolated from @entity0 admitted to Nursing College, Changchun University Of Chinese Medicine, China during 2013-2014 are included in the study. 59 Pseudomonas, 41 @entity2 , 28 @entity4 , 25 @entity6 , 11 @entity5 , 8 Acinetobacter were isolated. Susceptibility testing for honey and @entity7 was done using the agar dilution method. 80 @entity0 were divided into 2 groups. Type 1 used Algivon with UMF12 honey coated dressing for 40 @entity0 and the other 40 @entity0 received Type II used Acti-coat @entity3 absorbent dressings. 30 @entity0 received ordinary dressings were included as control group @entity0 . Results: 50/59 (84.7%) Pseudomonas spp, 39 (95.1%) of @entity2 and 26/28 (92.9%) @entity4 were sensitive for @entity7 . @entity6 , @entity5 spp and Acinetobacter spp showed 100% sensitivity for @entity7 by agar dilution method. All the isolates showed 100% sensitivity for honey at concentration. In type I - honey coated dressings consist of 40 @entity0 with 18 (45%) male and 22 (55%) female @entity0 . Type II - @entity3 -coated dressings consist of 40 @entity0 with 24 (60%) females and 16 (40%) male @entity0 . Conclusion: This study results showed positive efforts on improvising in wound dressings as a replacement to lower antimicrobial resistance and limit racial use of antibiotics.

title: In-vitro Activity of Honey and Topical XXXX in Wound Care Management.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Siblings of @entity0 with a disability are an at risk group for emotional and @entity1 . This study evaluated an intervention to promote the emotional and behavioral functioning of siblings of @entity0 with disabilities and chronic health conditions. SibworkS is a six-week manual-based, cognitive-behavioral group support program focussed on strengthening siblings' perceived social support, self-esteem, problem-solving skills, adaptive @entity1 and positive sibling relationships. Fifty-six @entity0 aged 7-12 were allocated to either the SibworkS program (n=30) or waitlist control (n=26) in alternating sequence. The primary outcome was siblings' emotional and behavioral functioning. Additional outcomes were self-esteem, perceived social support, the sibling relationship and @entity1 . Siblings were followed-up immediately after the intervention and at 3-months. Siblings participating in the SibworkS intervention were reported to have fewer emotional and behavioral difficulties than siblings in the control group immediately following the intervention and at the 3-month follow-up. Participation in SibworkS was associated with fewer emotional and behavioral difficulties for siblings. Implications for practice and future research include recommendations for improving program participation.

title: A controlled trial of the SibworkS group program for siblings of XXXX with special needs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In the last decade, several monomeric and heterotrimeric @entity3 binding proteins have been identified to associate with secretory vesicles and to be implicated in exocytosis. Vesicle volume also has been proposed to play a regulatory role in secretory vesicle fusion at the plasma membrane. However, the molecular mechanism of function of the @entity3 binding proteins and of the regulation of secretory vesicle volume in the exocytotic process remains unclear. In this study, we report association of the secretory vesicle membrane with the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric @entity2 binding protein G(alpha i3) and implicate its involvement in @entity0 . Using an atomic force microscope in combination with confocal microscopy, we were able to study the dynamics of isolated zymogen granules, the secretory vesicles in exocrine pancreas. Exposure of zymogen granules to @entity2 resulted in a 15-25% increase in vesicle height as measured by the atomic force microscope and a similar increase in vesicle diameter as determined by confocal microscopy. Mas7, an active @entity5 analog known to stimulate Gi proteins, was found to stimulate the GTPase activity of isolated zymogen granules and cause @entity0 . Increase in vesicle size in the presence of @entity2 , @entity4 , and Mas7 were irreversible and KCl-sensitive. @entity1 had no effect on zymogen granule size. Taken together, the results indicate that G(alpha i3) protein localized in the secretory vesicle membrane mediates @entity0 , a potentially important prerequisite for vesicle fusion at the cell plasma membrane.

title: Gi regulation of secretory XXXX examined by atomic force microscopy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The alternatively spliced trimeric G-protein subunit XLas, which is involved in @entity1 signalling, is encoded by the @entity4 transcript of the imprinted @entity4 locus. XLas deficient @entity0 show neonatal feeding problems, leanness, @entity2 and a high mortality rate. Mutants that survive to weaning age develop into healthy and fertile adults, which remain lean despite elevated food intake. The adult metabolic phenotype can be attributed to increased energy expenditure, which appears to be caused by elevated sympathetic nervous system activity. To better understand the changing phenotype of @entity4 deficient @entity0 , we compared XLas expression in neonatal versus adult tissues, analysed its co-localisation with neural markers and characterised changes in the nutrient-sensing mTOR1-S6K pathway in the hypothalamus. Using a newly generated conditional @entity4 lacZ gene trap line and immunohistochemistry we identified various types of muscle, including smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, as the major peripheral sites of expression in neonates. Expression in all muscle tissues was silenced in adults. While @entity4 expression in the central nervous system was also developmentally silenced in some midbrain nuclei, it was upregulated in the preoptic area, the medial amygdala, several hypothalamic nuclei (e.g. arcuate, dorsomedial, lateral and paraventricular nuclei) and the nucleus of the solitary tract. Furthermore, expression was detected in the ventral medulla as well as in motoneurons and a subset of sympathetic preganglionic neurons of the spinal cord. In the arcuate nucleus of @entity4 -deficient @entity0 we found reduced activity of the nutrient sensing mTOR1-S6K signalling pathway, which concurs with their metabolic status. The expression in these brain regions and the @entity3 phenotype of adult @entity4 -deficient @entity0 imply an inhibitory function of XLas in energy expenditure and sympathetic outflow. By contrast, the neonatal phenotype of mutant @entity0 appears to be due to a transient role of XLas in muscle tissues.

title: Postnatal changes in the expression pattern of the imprinted signalling protein XLas underlie the changing phenotype of deficient XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study was conducted to determine the incidence of wound complications after laparotomy for @entity3 and significant predictors of risks. Medical records of @entity0 with @entity3 undergoing laparotomy for surgical staging at Srinagarind Hospital, Khon Kaen University between January 2007 and December 2013 were reviewed. Intravenous antibiotic prophylaxis was routinely given 30 minutes before surgery. The primary endpoint was wound complications (including seroma, @entity4 , @entity2 ) requiring additional medical and/or surgical management within 4 weeks of laparotomy. During the study period, 357 @entity0 with complete medical records were reviewed. The mean age was 56.9 years. Wound complications were observed in 28 @entity0 (7.84%, 95% CI, 5.27% to 11.14%). Body mass index (BMI) >=  30 kg/m2, @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and prior abdominal surgery were observed as significant independent factors predicting an increased risk of wound complications with adjusted odds ratios (95% CIs) of 2.96 (1.23-7.16), 2.43 (1.06-5.54), and 3.05 (1.03-8.98), respectively. In conclusion, the incidence of wound complications after laparotomy for @entity3 was 7.8%. Significant independent predictors of risk included BMI, @entity1 and prior abdominal surgery.

title: Wound Complications after Laparotomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effect of the synthetic pineal peptide @entity6 ( @entity6 ) on proliferative activity in @entity3 , and in mucosal epithelial cells adjacent to and located far from @entity0 was studied in @entity1 . To evaluate the effect of @entity6 on different stages of @entity2 , different treatment regimens were used: during the @entity0 initiation stage, during the @entity0 stage, or during the entire process of @entity0 development. Eighty 2-month-old male LIO @entity1 were exposed weekly to five subcutaneous injections of @entity4 ( @entity5 ) at a single dose of 21 mg/kg body weight. @entity1 were divided into four groups. Control @entity1 (group 1) received saline at a dose of 0.1 ml during the entire experiment. @entity1 in group 2 were treated with @entity6 at a dose of 1 micro g, five times a week, for 6 months, from the first injection of @entity5 till the end of the experiment. @entity1 in group 3 were treated with @entity6 after termination of the carcinogen injections. @entity1 in group 4 were treated with @entity6 only during the period of @entity5 exposure (for the first 5 weeks of the experiment). @entity5 induced proliferation of the secretory epithelium, and this phenomenon was accompanied by a decrease in the size of the stromal area and the area of lymph infiltration in @entity3 and in the colon mucosa adjacent to the @entity0 (group 1). @entity6 attenuated this effect, especially when the treatment was continued throughout the experiment (group 2). It increased the stromal areas, as well as that of lymphoid infiltration in the colon mucosa adjacent to the @entity0 . The intensity of lymphoid infiltration was activated in both the colon mucosa adjacent to a @entity0 and in the @entity0 . Mitotic activity of @entity0 cells was significantly inhibited by @entity6 when the treatment was given throughout the experiment (group 2). In parallel, a high level of apoptosis was seen in the same group. Thus, the strongest inhibitory effect of @entity6 on @entity2 in the colon mucosa was manifested when the treatment was continued throughout the experiment.

title: @entity6 and @entity3 in @entity1 : proliferative activity and apoptosis in XXXX and mucosa.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) have been used for the palliative treatment of malignant @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical outcomes of salvage @entity2 for stent malfunction and to identify the prognostic factors for a longer patency. METHODS: A total of 108 @entity0 who underwent a secondary salvage @entity2 placement for a primary stent malfunction were retrospectively reviewed at the Seoul National University Hospital between August 2004 and May 2013. The duration of patency for salvage @entity2 was defined as the time between salvage @entity2 placement and the recurrence of obstructive symptoms that were confirmed either endoscopically or radiologically. RESULTS: The technical and clinical success rates for salvage @entity2 were 100 and 82.4  % (95  % confidence interval [CI] 74.0-89.0), respectively. A salvage @entity2 malfunction occurred in 29 (26.9  %) of the 108 @entity0 . The median duration of patency for salvage @entity2 was 59.5  days (range 3-928, 95  % CI 73.7-118.3). Longer @entity2 patencies of more than 60  days were significantly associated with palliative chemotherapy (odds ratio  =  2.539, 95  % CI 1.031-6.252, p  =  .043). For salvage @entity2 , covered-uncovered stents had a longer patency duration, as compared with other combinations of primary and salvage stent types. CONCLUSIONS: Longer patency durations for salvage @entity2 were associated with palliative chemotherapy after salvage @entity2 insertion. Salvage @entity2 could be a feasible and effective treatment for primary stent malfunction in malignant @entity1 .

title: Clinical outcomes of re-stenting in @entity0 with stent malfunction in malignant XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: A @entity3 may be sufficiently traumatic to induce symptoms of @entity4 ( @entity4 ), which could impact outcomes in @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The objectives of this systematic review and meta-analysis were to estimate the prevalence of @entity4 symptoms in relation to @entity3 in @entity3 and to identify risk factors for the development of @entity4 symptoms. METHODS: We searched electronic databases and conducted manual searching of reference lists and tables of contents to identify relevant studies. Quantitative studies were included if the population was experiencing @entity3 and if @entity4 was measured in relation to @entity3 . Prevalence of @entity4 symptoms and diagnoses were meta-analyzed using a random effects model. Potential risk factors for @entity4 symptoms were summarized qualitatively. RESULTS: Thirteen studies were included. Eight studies assessed @entity4 symptoms, three studies assessed full @entity4 , and two studies assessed both. The pooled prevalence of @entity4 symptoms was 42% (95% CI 30%-55%), and the pooled prevalence of a @entity4 diagnosis was 30% (95% CI 21%-40%). Exploratory subgroup analyses suggest that prevalence may be higher in affective @entity3 and inpatient samples. Evidence from included studies implicate @entity2 and @entity1 as potential risk factors for @entity4 symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Approximately one in two @entity0 experience @entity4 symptoms and one in three experience full @entity4 following a first @entity3 . Evidence-based interventions to treat @entity4 symptoms in the context of @entity3 are needed to address this burden and improve outcomes after the first @entity3 . Further studies are needed to clarify the associated risk factors.

title: The traumatic experience of XXXX : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is characterized by @entity4 and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Oxidative stress is suggested to be the major contributor to the development of @entity6 . This study was intended to evaluate the protective effect of low molecular weight fucoidan (LMWF) against @entity4 in @entity0 @entity2 . Type 2 @entity0 @entity2 were untreated or treated with LMWF (50 and 100   mg/kg/day) for three months. The establishment of @entity6 model and the effects of LMWF on cardiac function were evaluated by echocardiography and isolated heart perfusion. Ventricle staining with H-E or Sirius Red was performed to investigate the structural changes in myocardium. Functional evaluation demonstrated that LMWF has a beneficial effect on @entity6 by enhancing myocardial contractility and mitigating @entity4 . Additionally, LMWF exerted significant inhibitory effects on the reactive @entity1 species production and myocyte apoptosis in @entity0 hearts. The depressed activity of @entity3 dismutase in @entity0 heart was also improved by intervention with LMWF. Moreover, LMWF robustly inhibited the enhanced expression of protein kinase C b, an important contributor to oxidative stress, in @entity0 heart and high @entity5 -treated cardiomyocytes. In conclusion, LMWF possesses a protective effect against @entity6 through ameliorations of @entity7 -mediated oxidative stress and subsequent cardiomyocyte apoptosis in @entity0 .

title: Low molecular weight fucoidan alleviates @entity4 in @entity0 XXXX by reducing oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5561 Background: PF is a potent, irreversible small molecule pan-HER @entity9 kinase inhibitor (TKI) with pre-clinical antitumor activity against EGFRvIII-mutated cell lines and xenograft models resistant to reversible @entity5 TKIs. METHODS: Eligible @entity0 (pts) had untreated RM @entity3 with measurable disease and no prior anti- @entity5 therapy. Paired biopsies as feasible were done for biomarkers; plasma was collected for PK. PF is administered at 45 mg p.o. every day in 21-day cycles. Primary endpoint is objective response rate (ORR), assessed every 6 weeks by RECIST 1.1. A Simon 2-stage trial design with H0: ORR <=  5% and Ha: ORR >=  15% stipulated that >=  2 responses must be observed in first 23 evaluable pts to proceed to stage II, >=  6 responses in first 56 evaluable pts to meet primary objective. RESULTS: 69 pts are enrolled: median age 62 years (range: 40-82); M:F (%)= 88:12; ECOG 0:1:2 (%) = 30:64:6; prior radiation = 93%; prior chemotherapy = 46%; ex-smoker/current smoker = 86%. In 68 pts evaluable for @entity2 , treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs) led to drug discontinuation in 7 (10%), dose reduction in 19 (28%) and interruption in 26 (38%). The most frequent grade 1 and 2 TRAEs were (% of pts): @entity4 (71%), @entity7 (63%), dry skin (44%), @entity8 (32%), @entity6 (31%), @entity1 (28%) and hand-foot reaction (26%). Gr 3 TRAEs > 3% included: @entity4 (13%), @entity6 (9%), @entity7 (7%) and hand-foot reaction (4%). Among the first 56 evaluable pts, 6 pts (11%) achieved a partial response (median duration = 4.3 months); 35 pts (63%) had stable disease, of which 6 pts (11%) maintained disease stabilization >=  24 weeks. Data for all 69 pts at time of submission: median PFS = 2.8 months (95% C.I. 2.6-4.1 months), 6-month PFS =15% (95% C.I. 5-29%), and median survival = 7.6 months (95% C.I. 6.4-12 months). PK and biomarker analyses will be presented. CONCLUSIONS: Primary endpoint was met and @entity2 profile was manageable. Antitumor activity of PF is consistent with @entity5 TKIs, with ongoing molecular characterization of EGFRvIII mutations to evaluate potential as a biomarker of clinical activity.

title: Phase II trial of the irreversible oral pan- @entity0 EGF receptor (HER) inhibitor PF-00299804 (PF) as first-line treatment in recurrent and/or metastatic (RM) @entity3 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and treatment options of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity6 and @entity5 (PM/ @entity4 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: Sixty-three consecutive @entity0 with PM/ @entity4 underwent standardized screening. @entity0 with @entity2 were monitored prospectively, and graded immunosuppression was administered according to the rate of clinical progression. RESULTS: @entity2 was diagnosed in 20 of 63 @entity0 (32%). Generally, the clinical and serologic findings of the anti-Jo1 syndrome were present. Follow-up evaluation disclosed either a progressive or a nonprogressive course. The 10 @entity0 with progressive @entity2 were distinguished from the nonprogressive group by extensive ground-glass opacities on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) neutrophilia. Intravenous pulse @entity3 prevented further progression in all 10 @entity0 and led to some functional improvement. In the 10 @entity0 without rapidly progressive @entity1 , immunosuppression of moderate intensity stabilized pulmonary findings during a median 35 months of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of @entity2 in our @entity0 with PM/ @entity4 was 32%; this emphasizes the need for pulmonary screening in all PM/ @entity4 @entity0 . Progressive disease, featuring ground-glass opacities on HRCT and an inflammatory BAL cell profile, is amenable to intensive immunosuppression. Conversely, @entity0 who do not have these HRCT and BAL features appear to have a low risk of @entity1 . RELEVANCE: Because the treatment for @entity2 seems to depend on the rate of clinical progression, future therapeutic trials of @entity1 in PM/ @entity4 should stratify @entity0 accordingly.

title: XXXX in @entity6 and @entity5 : clinical course and response to treatment.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The finding of a reliable and abundant source of stem cells for the replacement of missing neurons in nervous @entity2 requires extensive characterization of neural-differentiation-associated markers in stem cells from various sources. Chorion-derived stem cells from the @entity0 placenta have recently been described as an abundant, ethically acceptable, and easily accessible source of cells that are not limited in the same way as bone marrow (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). We have isolated and cultured chorion MSCs (C-MSCs) and compared their proliferative capacity, multipotency, and neural differentiation ability with BM-MSCs. C-MSCs showed a higher proliferative capacity compared with BM-MSCs. The expression and histone modification of @entity4 , as a marker for neural stem/progenitor cells, was evaluated quantitatively between the two groups. The @entity4 expression level in C-MSCs was significantly higher than that in BM-MSCs. Notably, modifications of lys9, lys4, and lys27 of histone H3 agreed with the remarkable higher expression of @entity4 in C-MSCs than in BM-MSCs. Furthermore, after neural differentiation of MSCs upon @entity3 induction, both immunocytochemical and flow cytometry analyses demonstrated that the expression of neural marker genes was significantly higher in neural-induced C-MSCs compared with BM-MSCs. Mature neuron marker genes were also expressed at a significantly higher level in C-MSCs than in BM-MSCs. Thus, C-MSCs have a greater potential than BM-MSCs for differentiation to neural cell lineages and can be regarded as a promising source of stem cells for the cell therapy of @entity1 .

title: Comparative analysis of neural differentiation potential in XXXX mesenchymal stem cells derived from chorion and adult bone marrow.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The causes of @entity4 and @entity2 in @entity10 remain unknown. @entity5 has been identified as an important clinical sign in the diagnosis and prognosis of @entity10 . As part of a larger autopsy study to determine causes of @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity4 presenting to hospital in Blantyre, Malawi, who were fully evaluated clinically prior to @entity2 , we examined the histopathology of eyes of @entity0 who died and underwent autopsy. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: @entity0 with @entity4 were admitted to the pediatric research ward, classified according to clinical definitions as having @entity10 or another cause of @entity4 , evaluated and treated. The eyes were examined by direct and indirect ophthalmoscopy. If a @entity0 died and permission was given, a standardized autopsy was carried out. The @entity0 was then assigned an actual cause of @entity2 according to the autopsy findings. The eyes were examined pathologically for @entity3 , @entity6 , parasite sequestration and thrombi. They were stained immunohistochemically for fibrin and @entity7 to identify the components of thrombi, beta-amyloid precursor protein to detect axonal damage, for fibrinogen to identify vascular leakage and for glial fibrillary acidic protein to detect @entity8 . Sixty-four eyes from 64 @entity0 were examined: 35 with @entity10 and 29 with @entity4 of other causes. @entity10 was distinguished by sequestration of parasitized erythrocytes, the presence and severity of @entity9 , the presence of @entity6 , the occurrence and number of fibrin-platelet thrombi, the presence and amount of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: We found significant differences in retinal histopathology between @entity0 who died of @entity10 and those with other diagnoses. These histopathological findings offer insights into the etiology of @entity5 and provide a pathological basis for recently described retinal capillary non-perfusion in @entity0 with @entity5 . Because of the similarities between the retina and the brain it also suggests mechanisms that may contribute to @entity4 and @entity2 in @entity10 .

title: Retinal pathology of XXXX in Malawi.

answer: @entity10


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 ( @entity5 ) is one of the most commonly prescribed psychostimulants for @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, there is limited research on its effects on lower urinary tract function. This study investigated changes in cystometric parameters after intragastric administration of @entity5 in conscious spontaneously @entity2 @entity0 (SHRs), an animal model of @entity1 . METHODS: Fourteen- to 16-week-old male SHRs (n=10), weighing between 280 and 315 g, were used. Three micturition cycles were recorded before administering @entity5 . One hour after each intragastric @entity5 injection, three cycles of cystometrogram were obtained in the awake condition. Various cystometric parameters were evaluated, including basal pressure (BP), maximal pressure (MP), threshold pressure (TP), bladder capacity (BC), micturition volume (MV), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and residual volume (RV). The data were analyzed using paired Student t-tests. RESULTS: Five SHRs were each administered a dose of 3-mg/kg @entity5 , and the other five received a dose of 6-mg/kg @entity5 . BP and MP increased significantly in the @entity0 that received the 3-mg/kg @entity5 injection, but not in those that received the 6-mg/kg injection. BC, MV, and @entity3 significantly increased in the @entity0 that received the 6-mg/kg @entity5 injection, but not in those that received the 3-mg/kg injection. There were no significant changes in TP after either injection. CONCLUSIONS: Significant increases in BC, MV, and @entity3 after the 6-mg/kg @entity5 injection suggest that the peripheral and the central nervous systems may play important roles in bladder function in those receiving @entity5 for @entity1 .

title: Does @entity4 Affect Cystometric Parameters in Spontaneously @entity2 XXXX ?

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 with obstructing @entity1 are ineligible for preoperative chemotherapy and radiation unless they undergo surgical diversion. Endoscopic laser therapy (ELT) may provide an alternative to colostomy for these @entity0 . We retrospectively reviewed all @entity0 with distal sigmoid and @entity2 who underwent ELT from January 1988 through April 1990. The majority of @entity0 were referred for palliation of @entity3 . Thirty-seven @entity0 underwent 123 ELT sessions (median, 2.5; range, one to 18). In 84% of @entity0 , patency was maintained during a median follow-up of 31.5 weeks (range, one to 123). Morbidity and mortality were 2.5% (3/123) and 5% (1/37), respectively. Sixty-two percent had radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and/or surgery concurrent with ELT. Endoscopic laser therapy can safely and effectively reestablish and maintain luminal patency in @entity0 with obstructing @entity1 . In addition, ELT can enable the administration of preoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

title: Endoscopic laser recanalization is effective for prevention and treatment of obstruction in sigmoid and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Aging is associated with signs of @entity3 and @entity0 . Advancing age is characterized by increased thresholds of thermal, tactile and vibratory sensations. One important cause of the @entity2 has been stated to be the loss of neurons. Decreases have been observed in the number of peripheral nerve fibers and in the number of neurons in the spinal ganglia of @entity1 . In the present study, the cytoplasmic organelles of the neurons of the trigeminal ganglia were examined in young and senescent @entity1 in order to reveal the cause of cell loss during aging. Mitochondrial alterations, swelling and loss of internal cristae were observed from 23 week of age in the B-type neurons of the trigeminal ganglia. Other cytoplasmic elements were intact. @entity4 was never seen in A-type neurons and satellite glial cells. It was concluded that the ultrastructural changes in the mitochondria of the B-type cells may contribute to the nervous disturbances that occur in senescent individuals. The diminution of @entity4 and the protection of B-type neurons through the use of nerve growth factors may prevent the @entity3 late in life.

title: Age-related XXXX in the B-type cells of the @entity1 trigeminal ganglia.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The activation of the clotting-fibrinolytic system in @entity3 @entity0 is common and represents an unfavorable clinical sign. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a sensitive marker of fibrinolysis. METHODS: The current study comprised 826 new @entity1 @entity0 seen consecutively in a single institution over a 10-year period (1992-2001). For each @entity0 , 31 variables, including @entity7 and survival duration, were available for analysis. RESULTS: Only weak relationships between @entity7 and the other variables were found. The @entity7 variable correlated best with the level of @entity5 dehydrogenase, performance status, tissue polypeptide antigen, stage of disease, and the number of @entity2 (rho = 0.33, -0.25, 0.18, 0.18, and 0.15, respectively). The @entity7 distinguished @entity0 with different prognoses. The median survival periods were 154 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 122-189 days) and 308 days (95% CI, 227-409 days; log rank statistic, 26.56; P < 0.01), respectively, for abnormally elevated and normal values. The difference was greater in @entity0 with @entity4 and in @entity0 presenting with a less @entity6 , especially in @entity0 with pathologic Stage Ia disease. The best multivariate survival model selected 10 significant covariates, including @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: The authors recommend measuring the plasma level of @entity7 in all new @entity1 @entity0 . This measurement may help to formulate individual prognoses and can be used to indicate adjuvant treatment for surgical @entity0 .

title: Plasma levels of XXXX in @entity1 : clinical and prognostic significance.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The primary goal of this study was to evaluate alternative tympanometric parameters for distinguishing normal middle ears from ears with @entity4 . A secondary goal was to provide guidelines and normative data for interpreting multifrequency tympanometry obtained using the Virtual 310 immittance system. DESIGN: Nine tympanometric measures were examined in 68 normal ears and 14 ears with surgically confirmed @entity4 . No subjects in either group had a history of @entity1 or otoscopic evidence of @entity2 . Two parameters, static admittance and tympanometric width, were derived from standard low-frequency tympanometry and two parameters, resonant frequency and frequency corresponding to admittance phase angle of 45 degrees (F45 degrees), were derived from multifrequency tympanometry. RESULTS: Differences between normal and @entity3 were statistically significant only for resonant frequency and F45 degrees. Group differences in resonant frequency were larger when estimated using positive tail, rather than negative tail, compensation. Group differences in both resonant frequency and F45 degrees were larger when estimated from sweep frequency (SF), rather than sweep pressure, tympanograms. Test performance analysis and patterns of individual test performance point to two independent signs of @entity4 in the @entity0 group; 1) an increase in the stiffness of the middle ear, best indexed by F45 degrees derived from SF recordings, and 2) a change in the dynamic response of the tympanic membrane/middle ear system to changes in ear canal pressure, best indexed by tympanometric width. Most @entity0 were correctly identified by only one of these two signs. Thus, optimal test performance was achieved by combining F45 degrees derived from SF recordings and tympanometric width. CONCLUSIONS: The findings confirm the advantage of multifrequency tympanometry over standard low-frequency tympanometry in differentiating otosclerotic and normal ears. Recommendations for interpreting resonant frequency and F45 degrees measures obtained using the Virtual Immittance system are also provided. In addition, the relationship among different tympanometric measures suggests a general strategy for combining tympanometric measures to improve the identification of @entity4 .

title: Standard and multifrequency tympanometry in normal and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Mutations in the lysosomal @entity8 ( @entity8 ) gene increase the risk of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We determined the frequency and relative risk of major @entity8 mutations in a large series of Italian @entity0 with primary @entity3 . METHODS: We studied 2766 unrelated consecutive @entity0 with clinical diagnosis of @entity2 (including 2350 @entity2 ), and 1111 controls. The entire cohort was screened for mutations in @entity8 exons 9 and 10, covering approximately 70% of mutations, including the two most frequent defects, @entity7 and @entity6 . RESULTS: Four known mutations were identified in heterozygous state: 3 missense mutations ( @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity9 ), and the splicing mutation @entity10 , which results in the in-frame exon-10 skipping. Molecular characterization of 2 additional rare variants, potentially interfering with splicing, suggested a neutral effect. @entity8 mutations were more frequent in @entity2 (4.5%, RR  =  7.2, CI  =  3.3-15.3) and in @entity4 ( @entity4 ) (13.8%, RR  =  21.9, CI  =  6.8-70.7) than in controls (0.63%). but not in the other forms of @entity3 such as @entity5 ( @entity5 , 2%), and Corticobasal Degeneration (CBD, 0%). Considering only the @entity2 group, @entity8 -carriers were younger at onset (52      10 vs. 57      10 years, P  <  0.0001) and were more likely to have a positive family history of @entity2 (34% vs. 20%, P  <  0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity8 dysfunction is relevant for synucleinopathies, such as @entity2 and @entity4 , except for MSA, in which pathology involves oligodendrocytes, and the @entity5 and CBD. The risk of developing @entity4 is three-fold higher than @entity2 , suggesting a more @entity1 phenotype.

title: XXXX mutations in primary @entity3 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: Fourteen @entity2 @entity0 were submitted to treatment with @entity3 . They were endoscopically controlled before the beginning of treatment and at the third and sixth week. In the first phase of the investigation, @entity3 was given in a dosage of 1.0 g/day. At the end of the 3rd week, those @entity0 who showed a reduction of less than 50% on the size of the @entity1 had the @entity3 doses increased to 1.6 g/day. The second phase started with nine @entity0 which healed at the end of the six weeks. These @entity0 were randomly allocated to two groups in a double blind trial involving @entity3 (600 mg/day) or placebo for 12 weeks. At the end of this period, the @entity0 were submitted to an endoscopic control. Two @entity0 in the placebo group had a recurrence of their @entity1 . This did not happen to any of the @entity0 taking @entity3 . Two and a half months after stopping their maintenance treatment, two @entity0 of the @entity3 group had a recurrence of their lesions.

title: [ @entity3 in the treatment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The right-to-left shunt at the atrial level is responsible for @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 . OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the mechanism of @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity2 by measuring the @entity4 in both the right and left upper pulmonary veins. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We prospectively measured the @entity4 in the femoral artery and the right and left upper pulmonary veins during cardiac catheterization in 13 adults (median age, 53 years) and 7 @entity0 (median age, 7 years) with secundum @entity2 . The adults and @entity0 were studied consecutively. Contrast echocardiography was performed to evaluate right-to-left shunt in all adults. RESULTS: Among the @entity0 , there were no @entity0 showing @entity3 , and there was no difference in the @entity4 (+/-SD) between the right and left upper pulmonary veins (right, 100+/-3.8 mm Hg vs left, 100+/-7.8 mm Hg; p = 0.92). However, @entity3 was present in 11 of the 13 adult @entity0 , although contrast echocardiography showed more than a moderate degree of right-to-left shunt in only four adults. The @entity4 was lower in the left upper pulmonary vein than it was in the right upper pulmonary vein in all adult @entity0 (right, 91.6+/-13.8 mm Hg vs left, 73.0+/-11.5 mm Hg; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: The @entity4 was lower in the left upper pulmonary vein than it was in the right upper pulmonary vein in adults with @entity2 . Care must be taken in measuring pulmonary blood flow if the @entity4 in the left upper pulmonary vein is low enough to influence @entity1 content. The decreased @entity4 in the left upper pulmonary vein may contribute to @entity3 in addition to right-to-left shunt at the atrial level in adults with @entity2 .

title: Partial pressure of XXXX is lower in the left upper pulmonary vein than in the right in adults with @entity2 : difference in @entity4 between the right and left pulmonary veins.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of wiping in laser skin resurfacing has not been systematically studied. METHODS: We examined the effects of wiping during single- and multiple-pass high energy pulsed @entity2 laser skin resurfacing in a farm @entity3 . Consequences of wiping were evaluated with regard to depth of residual thermal damage, tissue @entity1 , and @entity4 . Also, the impact of wiping on gross wound healing was observed. Wounds were followed for 21 days and biopsies were obtained on postoperative days 0, 1, and 21. RESULTS: Immediate postoperative biopsies of single-pass wounds showed equivalent residual thermal damage regardless of wiping; in contrast, biopsies from multiple-pass sites without wiping showed more extensive and variable residual thermal damage than wiped sites. On postoperative day one, single pass sites without wiping were grossly less erythematous than wiped sites, and biopsies showed less extensive @entity1 and @entity0 . In contrast, multiple pass sites without wiping were grossly more erythematous than corresponding wiped sites, and biopsies revealed significantly increased and variable @entity1 . After 21 days, multiple pass sites without wiping were grossly more erythematous and showed a thicker band of @entity4 microscopy. CONCLUSIONS: For single pass wounds, not wiping decreased the level of wounding. In contrast, not wiping in multiple pass wounds significantly increased the depth and variability of residual thermal damage and @entity1 , resulting in prolonged healing.

title: The effect of wiping on skin resurfacing in a @entity3 model using a high energy pulsed XXXX laser system.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The molecular mechanisms underlying @entity5 ( @entity5 ) development and progression are still not completely understood. The importance of @entity4 binding proteins (FABP) for the progression of @entity2 has been shown for several @entity1 . However, the importance of brain-type FABP ( @entity6 ) in cell-biological processes in @entity3 cells is unknown. Therefore, it was the aim of this study to evaluate the role of @entity6 in processes such as proliferation, migration and invasion. By using the approach of down- and up-regulation of @entity6 in @entity0 @entity3 cells Caki  -2 and Caki  -1, the potential participation of @entity6 in proliferation, migration and invasion was demonstrated. @entity6 was down-regulated at both mRNA and protein levels following treatment of Caki  -2 cells with @entity6 siRNA. Down-regulation of @entity6 decreased cell proliferation and migration but did not affect invasion. The transfection of @entity0 cells with @entity0 @entity6 cDNA generated an increment of @entity6 mRNA but the protein was not detectable. Transfected @entity0 cells developed a faster proliferation compared to untreated cells. An effect on the process of invasion was not observed. Our data suggest that @entity6 is involved in cell proliferation and migration of @entity0 @entity3 cells. The detailed molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated.

title: Importance of brain  -type XXXX binding protein for cell-biological processes in @entity0 @entity3 cells.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) have recently become very popular particularly among the younger generation. These @entity5 delivery devices are viewed as a preferable alternative to more conventional forms of @entity3 use and are thought to reduce the risk of @entity4 , the third leading cause of @entity2 worldwide. However, there is very little data available on the consequences of e-cig use, though recently @entity5 -independent inflammatory responses have been reported. The genetic model organism @entity6 is a soil @entity6 whose cell biology is remarkably well conserved with mammals. Here, we used @entity6 to test the physiologic effects of e-liquids used to refill e-cigs. METHODS: Larval worms were exposed from hatching onwards to low concentrations (0.2  %) of e-liquids, distilled e-liquid vapor, @entity7 (PG), or M9 buffer as a negative control. E-liquids tested included grape, menthol, and V2 Red "classic @entity3 " flavors. @entity5 (48  ppm) was tested as a second level variable. Stereotypical physiological outputs were then measured, including developmental rate, fecundity, locomotion, lifespan, and the induction of canonical stress signaling pathways. RESULTS: A small but significant @entity0 and brood size was observed for PG and V2 Red treated worms compared to the negative control. Worms treated with e-liquids containing @entity5 fared significantly worse than those that did not, but vaporization did not increase @entity1 . Finally, both PG and V2 Red e-liquid induced an oxidative stress response in the absence of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: PG exposure is sufficient to induce an oxidative stress response in @entity6 , while @entity5 is not. Both PG and @entity5 independently influence physiologic measures of health and viability. The e-liquid flavorings did not significantly impact outcomes and there was no evidence for vaporization altering @entity1 . These data suggest that the major physiologically significant component of e-liquids besides @entity5 is likely the common solvent PG. We conclude that @entity6 are an appropriate model to rapidly assess parameters that may contribute to the basic cell biological effects of e-cigs.

title: A XXXX model of electronic cigarette use: Physiological effects of e-liquids in @entity6 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The development of intrahepatic @entity4 (IBC) after Kasai operation in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is recognized as an important problem; however, management strategy for IBC has not been clarified, particularly in the light of the increased use of liver transplantation. METHODS: Forty consecutive @entity6 @entity0 underwent hepatic portoenterostomy during 18 years from 1983 to 2000. We compared the clinical course and prognosis of the @entity0 who developed IBC with those who did not. RESULTS: Seven of the 40 @entity0 developed IBC. Three @entity0 had type A (non-communicating cyst) and three @entity0 had type C ( @entity2 ) IBC, and the remaining @entity0 had type B (communicating cyst). Of the 7 @entity0 , one @entity0 underwent successful internal intestinal drainage, and one @entity0 died of complications at the time of internal intestinal drainage. Three @entity0 underwent liver transplantation due to either @entity7 (one case) or @entity5 (two cases). One @entity0 with IBC with @entity5 was judged to require transplant, but was found to have @entity1 and was thus not a candidate. The remaining @entity0 has survived without @entity3 for 21 months postoperatively. Two of 21 @entity0 with good initial bile drainage and without IBC underwent liver transplantation. The percentage of @entity0 undergoing transplant was significantly higher in the group with IBC than in the group without IBC (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IBC was associated with worsening liver function. Previously, IBC was treated using internal/external drainage, or the @entity0 were observed without treatment, with limited success. We now consider it reasonable to carry out liver transplantation in @entity0 with long-standing IBC.

title: Intrahepatic @entity4 in XXXX in the era of liver transplantation.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The exercise pressor reflex is a neural control mechanism responsible for the cardiovascular responses to exercise. As exercise is initiated, thin fiber muscle afferent nerves are activated by mechanical and metabolic stimuli arising in the contracting muscles. This leads to reflex increases in arterial blood pressure and heart rate primarily through activation of sympathetic nerve activity (SNA). Studies of @entity0 and animals have indicated that the exercise pressor reflex is exaggerated in a number of @entity1 . For the last several years, a series of studies have employed a rodent model to examine the mechanisms at receptor and cellular levels by which responses of SNA and blood pressure to static exercise are heightened in @entity4 ( @entity4 ), one of the most common @entity1 . Specifically, femoral @entity2 is used to study intermittent claudication that is observed in @entity0 @entity4 . Our studies have demonstrated that the receptors on thin fiber muscle afferents including @entity7 ( @entity7 ), purinergic @entity6 and acid sensing ion channel subtype 3 ( @entity8 ) are engaged in augmented autonomic responses this disease. This review will present some of recent results in regard with several receptors in muscle sensory neurons in contribution to augmented autonomic responses in @entity4 . We will emphasize the role played by @entity5 ( @entity5 ) in regulating those sensory receptors in the processing of amplified exercise pressor reflex. Also, we will discuss the role played by @entity3 -inducible facor-1a regarding the enhanced autonomic reflex with femoral @entity2 . The purpose of this review is to focus on a theme namely that @entity4 accentuates reflexively autonomic responses to exercise and further address regulatory mechanisms leading to abnormal autonomic responsiveness.

title: @entity5 , Muscle Afferent Receptors and Autonomic Responsiveness with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Regular and accurate monitoring of blood @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity3 (Tyr) levels is prerequisite for a successful management of @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ). We aimed to compare the tandem mass spectrometry ( @entity1 / @entity1 ) and the @entity2 analyzer (AAA) as methods to measure blood @entity5 and Tyr levels and @entity5 /Tyr ratio. METHODS: Venous blood samples were collected for the AAA analysis, using Pinnacle PCX (Pickering Laboratories), with HPLC Series 1200 (Agilent). Capillary blood was spotted directly on filter paper (Whatman 903) for the @entity1 / @entity1 analysis, using 3200 QTrap AB SCIEX and Perkin Elmer Series 200 HPLC system. The Bland-Altman test was used to compare agreement between the methods and Pearson correlation coefficient to assess the association between the methods. RESULTS: 207 pairs of measurements were performed. The @entity5 levels (range 0-2500 M) obtained by the @entity1 / @entity1 were on average 26.1% (SD 13.9%) lower compared to those obtained by the AAA. The Tyr levels by the @entity1 / @entity1 were on average 15.5% (SD 20.6%) lower. The @entity5 /Tyr ratio by the @entity1 / @entity1 was on average 10.6% (SD 15.9%) lower. The Pearson correlation coefficients for @entity5 (range 0-2500 M), Tyr and the @entity5 /Tyr ratio were 0.984 (p<0.001), 0.841 (p<0.001) and 0.987 (p<0.001) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When monitoring blood @entity5 and Tyr levels in @entity0 with @entity4 , clinicians need to be informed about the method used. Due to the considerable inter-assay variability, a single method is preferable for long-term follow-up of @entity0 . When using @entity1 / @entity1 , on average 26% lower blood @entity5 levels were obtained as compared to the AAA. The guidelines and recommendations on @entity4 management should take into consideration the differences in laboratory methods.

title: Comparison of tandem mass spectrometry and @entity2 analyzer for XXXX and @entity3 monitoring-Implications for clinical management of @entity0 with @entity4 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: In order to evaluate the importance of gestational age and the dose-incidence relationship by gamma radiation, pregnant ICR @entity1 at gestational days from 2.5 to 15.5 days post-coitus (p.c.) were exposed to a single dose of 2.0 Gy and also at day 11.5 after conception, which was the most sensitive stage for the induction of major @entity3 . The animals were sacrificed on day 18 of gestation and the fetuses were examined for mortality, @entity4 , changes in head size and other @entity2 . The only demonstrable effect of irradiation during the pre-implantation period was an increase in prenatal mortality. Resorptions were maximal on exposure at day 2.5 after conception. The pre-implantation irradiated embryos which survived did not show any major @entity5 . A small head, @entity4 , a @entity6 , dilatation of the cerebral ventricle, a @entity0 , and @entity7 and tail after exposure were prominent during the organogenesis period, especially on day 11.5 of gestation. As for the dose-incidence relationship, the incidence of a small head, @entity4 fetuses, a @entity6 , dilatation of cerebral ventricle and @entity7 in live fetuses rose as the radiation dose increased. The result indicated that the late period of organogenesis in the development of the brain, skull and extremities of a @entity1 was a particularly sensitive phase. The threshold doses of radiation that induced a @entity6 and dilatation of the cerebral ventricle, and abnormal extremities were between 1.0 and 2.0 Gy, and between 0.5 and 1.0 Gy, respectively.

title: Dependence of XXXX upon gestational age and exposed dose of gamma radiation.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity12 (SKI-2053R, Sunpla ), a new @entity8 analogue which has a better @entity3 profile than @entity7 , has been used with @entity10 ( @entity10 ) continuous infusion for the treatment of advanced @entity4 . However, continuous @entity10 infusion had a inconvenience to administration. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and @entity3 of @entity12 , UFT-E and @entity11 combination chemotherapy in advanced @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 22 @entity0 was enrolled in this study at Kyung Hee University and Korea University from September 1999 to May 2001. @entity12 400 mg/m2 was given as intravenous infusion for 1 hour at day 1. Oral UFT-E 360 mg/m2 and @entity11 45 mg/day were administered for 21 consecutive days followed by a 7-day drug free interval. This schedule was repeated every 4 weeks. RESULTS: The 22 enrolled @entity0 received 81 courses of chemotherapy and the median number of course per @entity0 was three with a range of one to six. Five of 21 @entity0 achieved partial responses (23.8%; 95% confidence interval, 5.6% to 42%) without complete response. Out of the 5 responding @entity0 , three had unresectable perigastric lymph-nodes, one @entity0 had a @entity2 , and one @entity0 had a peritoneal @entity1 respectively. Main @entity3 were @entity9 and @entity5 / @entity6 . Grade 3 and 4 @entity9 were observed in 4 @entity0 (18%) and grade 3 @entity5 / @entity6 were observed in 5 @entity0 (22.7%). The median time to progression was 4 months (range, 0.5 to 13 months), and median survival duration was 7.5 months (range, 2.0 to 14 months). Median response duration was 5.0 months (range, 1.5 to 10 months). CONCLUSION: A combination chemotherapy of @entity12 , UFT-E and @entity11 has a comparable efficacy with those of previously reported @entity12 and intravenous regimen of @entity10 and controllable @entity3 in advanced @entity4 . Further study with large @entity0 population is warranted to determine the usefulness of this regimen.

title: Pilot Study of @entity12 , UFT-E and XXXX in Advanced @entity4 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We investigated effects of @entity0 subtype on @entity2 ( @entity2 ), local and distant control, and time from initial diagnosis to brain metastases (BM). We also investigated advances in graded prognostic assessment (GPA) scores. A cohort of 72 @entity1 treated for BM from @entity0 with Gamma Knife stereotactic radiosurgery at our institution from 2000 to 2014 had subtyping available and were used for this study. Median follow up for @entity2 was 12  months and for control was 6  months. @entity2 for luminal, @entity3 , and triple negative subtypes were 26, 20, and 22  months. @entity2 when stratified by Sperduto et al. (J Clin Oncol 30(4):419-425, 2012) and Subbiah et al. (J Clin Oncol 33(20):2239-2245, 2015) GPAs were similar (p  =  0.087 and p  =  0.063). KPS and treatment modality were significant for @entity2 (p  =  0.002; p  =  0.034). On univariate analysis, triple negative subtype and  >3 BM were trending and significant for decreased @entity2 (p  =  0.084; p  =  0.047). On multivariable analysis @entity3 , triple negative, and  >3 BM were significant for @entity2 (p  =  0.022; p  =  0.040; p  =  0.009). Subtype was significant for response on a per lesion basis (p  =  0.007). Subtype was trending towards significance when analyzing time from initial diagnosis to BM treatment (p  =  0.064). @entity0 subtype is an important prognostic factor when stratifying @entity0 @entity1 with BM. The addition of number of BM to the GPA is a useful addition and should be further investigated. Subtype has an effect on lesion response, and also on rate of development BM after initial diagnosis.

title: XXXX subtype as a predictor for outcomes and control in the setting of brain metastases treated with stereotactic radiosurgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum antibodies in beef breeding herds across New South Wales (NSW) and to determine if there are any differences associated with geographic location and other herd-level factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional survey of beef breeding @entity1 (n   =   3298) from 63 properties (approximately 55 @entity1 per herd) sampled randomly from six regions in NSW using a multistage survey design. Samples were tested by ELISA for @entity2 . Seroprevalence was determined at animal and herd levels, using an analysis approach to account for stratification, sample weighting and within-herd clustering. RESULTS: Animal-level seroprevalence ranged from 1.8% to 11.3% across regions and the overall animal seroprevalence for NSW was 5.9%. The mean within-herd seroprevalence was 5.2%. The herd seroprevalence ranged from 50% to 92%, with an overall point estimate for NSW of 63.8% (using   >=    1 animal positive   = herd positive). The within-herd seroprevalence ranged from 1.6% to 32.7% Prevalence and associated confidence limits were adjusted for the design of the survey. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, about two-thirds of all herds in NSW showed evidence of @entity0 , but the seroprevalence of @entity2 in individual beef @entity1 in NSW was low to moderate (1.8-11.3%). Significant differences occurred between regions. The risk for herds being positive for @entity2 was associated with geographic factors, particularly in the Mid-North Coast Region.

title: XXXX in beef herds in New South Wales, Australia. 1: seroprevalence study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: For intervention studies that require the use of @entity0 self-reports, the quality and accuracy of recorded data and variability in @entity0 adherence rates to the treatment can cause significant outcome bias. PURPOSE: To assess the quality and accuracy of @entity0 documentation of daily self-monitoring of leg skin temperature, adherence to a graduated cooling treatment protocol to prevent @entity2 , and the potential for bias in treatment effect in a randomized controlled trial that included a population with chronic @entity1 . METHODS: Individuals were randomized to a leg cooling intervention or placebo treatment group to daily self-monitor and record lower leg skin temperature over a 9-month period on monthly paper study logs. Returned study logs for the first 100 completed @entity0 (n=54 cooling intervention, n=46 control) were reviewed for quality and accuracy. Adherence was determined from evaluating the accuracy of @entity0 documentation. To examine potential outcome bias in treatment effect, mean between group and within group comparisons of the before and after treatment differences were conducted using an intention-to-treat (ITT) versus a modified intention-to-treat (mITT) analysis approach with an 85% accuracy cut-off rate. Data were collected in 2011-2014. RESULTS: Of the expected 900 study logs, 91.8% (826/900) were returned and 8.2% (74/900) were not. Non-mutually exclusive main error types in returned documentation included: 59.2% (489/826) white-outs, cross-off and/or overwrites, 34.9% (288/826) entries omitted, 29.4% (243/826) no performance of daily self-monitoring, 28.7% (237/826) no performance of the treatment intervention per the prescribed protocol regime, 26.8% (221/826) extraneous data, 8.6% (71/826) suspected fabrication, and 7.6% (63/826) questionable validity. Under ITT analysis, 38.4% (346/900) of all returned logs were <85% accurate, 25.0% (225/900) were 85%-99% accurate, and 36.6% (329/900) were 100% accurate. Mean overall @entity0 adherence rates were: 22.0% at <85% accuracy, 53.0% at 85%-99% accuracy, and 25.0% at 100% accuracy. Under the mITT analysis, 54.0% (483/900) of returned logs were deemed adherent with >= 85% accuracy. CONCLUSION: This study found good rates of adherence. Under ITT analysis, 78.0% of @entity0 were deemed adherent to the study protocol with >= 85% accuracy in documenting daily self-monitoring of skin temperatures in response to a topically applied experimental cooling cuff intervention for the prevention of @entity2 .

title: Self-monitoring of lower leg skin temperature: accuracy of self-reported data and adherence to a cooling protocol for the prevention of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: Revised guidelines were released in Japan in 2003 for the assessment, treatment, and management of adult asthmatics, and similar guidelines for @entity0 asthmatics were released in 2002. We reassessed the severity and possible undertreatment of @entity2 according to these guidelines in stable asthmatics. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of 861 well-controlled @entity3 @entity0 who, in April through June 2004 were cared for by 47 pulmonologists at 29 medical centers and 13 @entity2 clinics in a rural community in the San-in area of Japan. The physician obtained completed medical records about their symptoms and current treatment of the subjects, 726 adult and 135 @entity0 (aged 6 years or older) who were in stable condition and had had no exacerbations in the previous 3 months. The severity of @entity2 and current treatment for each @entity0 were assessed according to the newly revised Japanese guidelines for the assessment, treatment, and management of adult and @entity0 asthmatics. RESULTS: In adult and @entity0 asthmatics, the percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV1.0) was smaller and has a narrower distribution range than the percentage of predicted peak expiratory flow (PEF). When the severity of @entity2 was classified according to symptoms alone, 50% and 35% of those classified as mildly asthmatics @entity0 with adults and @entity0 , respectively, had moderate to severe airflow limitation. Inhaled corticosteroids were prescribed to 90.6% of adult and 14.9% of @entity0 @entity0 . When we compared the treatments that @entity0 were actually receiving against the optimal treatments indexed according to a combined symptoms-FEV1.0 classification, we found that 49% of adult asthmatics were overtreated, 21% were properly treated, and 30% were undertreated. Among @entity0 , the respective percentages were 35%, 25%, and 40%. CONCLUSION: In well-controlled adult and @entity0 asthmatics, the severity of @entity2 is poorly judged when symptoms alone are considered. We suggest that the severity of @entity2 should be assessed through a combination of symptoms and the measurement of FEV1.0 during office visits. We also suggest that the proper dose of inhaled @entity1 needed to maintain stable conditions should be judged according to this combined symptoms-FEV1.0 classification.

title: Underrecognition of the severity of @entity2 and undertreatment of XXXX in a rural area of Japan.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: To investigate the association between estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and total and @entity3 in a population-based cohort of @entity1 subjects. METHODS: A longitudinal study using a population-based district @entity1 register comprising 3288 subjects in South Tees, UK. The eGFR was calculated using the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) study equation. @entity0 were stratified by baseline eGFR into five stages as per the National Kidney Foundation guidelines: Stage 1, eGFR > 90; Stage 2, eGFR 60-89; Stage 3, eGFR 30-59; Stage 4, eGFR 15-29; and Stage 5, eGFR < 15 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). Main outcome was all-cause and @entity3 between 1 January 1994 and 31 July 2004. RESULTS: At baseline, mean age (58.4 years) differed between groups. @entity0 with lower eGFR were older (P < 0.001). Thirty-six percent (n = 1193, males 56%) had died by 10 years (cardiovascular cause in 60%). Median follow-up was 10.5 years amounting to 28 342 @entity0 years. Stages 4 and 5 (eGFR <or= 29 ml/min per 1.73 m(2)) were amalgamated for mortality analysis. Total and @entity3 increased with reduced eGFR. @entity4 (HR) [95% confidence interval (CI)] for all-cause mortality comparing groups 2 and 3, and 4 and 5 combined with group 1 were 1.28 (1.02, 1.60), 2.58 (2.05, 3.25) and 6.42 (4.25, 9.71), respectively. Adjusted HRs (95% CI) for mortality due to circulatory disease comparing groups 2 and 3, and 4 and 5 combined with group 1 were 1.50 (1.10, 2.06), 3.32 (2.41, 4.58) and 7.99 (4.69, 13.62), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 subjects, mortality increases significantly with reduced GFR. Low eGFR identifies @entity0 at high risk of @entity3 who should be targeted for aggressive risk factor modification.

title: All-cause and XXXX in @entity1 subjects increases significantly with reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): 10 years' data from the South Tees @entity1 study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: A 78-year-old male was admitted to our hospital because of @entity11 . He had been diagnosed as @entity7 at 30 years of age and had been treated with @entity6 10 mg/day. Blood examination revealed @entity3 ; BUN 25 mg/dL, Cr 1. 9 mg/dL, and glomerular filtration rate(GFR)47. 4 mL/min. Endoscopy showed a type 2 @entity2 at the middle thoracic esophagus, and the biopsy specimen revealed moderately differentiated @entity8 pathologically. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest and abdomen showed no @entity1 at distant regions and lymph nodes. Clinical staging was Stage II (cT2cN0cM0). Because of old age and renal function, we chose chemotherapy using @entity9 , @entity13 and @entity12 . The adverse event was grade 2 in @entity10 and grade 1 in inappetence, but the renal function did not progress. Repeated endoscopic examinations after chemotherapy revealed that the @entity5 was significantly reduced in size, and no @entity2 cells were pathologically detected by endoscopic biopsy, resulting in a complete response(CR). This chemotherapy of @entity9 , @entity13 and @entity12 might be effective and tolerable for @entity0 with @entity4 due to @entity7 .

title: [A case of advanced @entity5 with nephrotic syndrome completely responding to chemotherapy of @entity9 , XXXX and @entity12 ].

answer: @entity13


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity3 ) are ubiquitous environmental pollutants and microbial biodegradation is an important means of remediation of @entity3 -contaminated soil. @entity8 Cs1-4 (formerly @entity10 ) was isolated by using @entity7 as the sole @entity0 source from @entity3 contaminated soil in Wisconsin. Its full genome sequence was determined to gain insights into a mechanisms underlying biodegradation of @entity3 . Three genomic libraries were constructed and sequenced: an Illumina GAii shotgun library (916,416,493 reads), a 454 Titanium standard library (770,171 reads) and one paired-end 454 library (average insert size of 8 kb, 508,092 reads). The initial assembly contained 40 contigs in two scaffolds. The 454 Titanium standard data and the 454 paired end data were assembled together and the consensus sequences were computationally shredded into 2 kb overlapping shreds. Illumina sequencing data was assembled, and the consensus sequence was computationally shredded into 1.5 kb overlapping shreds. Gaps between contigs were closed by editing in Consed, by PCR and by Bubble PCR primer walks. A total of 182 additional reactions were needed to close gaps and to raise the quality of the finished sequence. The final assembly is based on 253.3 Mb of 454 draft data (averaging 38.4 X coverage) and 590.2 Mb of Illumina draft data (averaging 89.4 X coverage). The genome of strain Cs1-4 consists of a single circular chromosome of 6,685,842 bp (66.7 %G+C) containing 6,028 predicted genes; 5,931 of these genes were protein-encoding and 4,425 gene products were assigned to a putative function. Genes encoding @entity7 degradation were localized to a 232 kb genomic island (termed the phn island), which contained near its 3' end a @entity9 -like integrase, an enzyme often associated with chromosomal integration of mobile genetic elements. Other biodegradation pathways reconstructed from the genome sequence included: @entity6 (by the @entity4 pathway), @entity5 , @entity1 (by the maleamate pathway) and the pesticides Dicamba and Fenitrothion. Determination of the complete genome sequence of @entity8 Cs1-4 has provided new insights the microbial mechanisms of @entity3 biodegradation that may shape the process in the environment.

title: Complete genome sequence of the XXXX -degrading soil bacterium @entity8 Cs1-4.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To predict @entity5 after endovascular stent graft repair of descending thoracic @entity3 , temporary interruption of the intercostal arteries (including the @entity2 ) was performed by placement of a novel retrievable stent graft (Retriever) in the aorta under evoked spinal cord potential monitoring. METHODS: From February 1995 to October 1997, endovascular stent graft repair of descending thoracic @entity3 was performed in 49 @entity0 after informed consent was obtained. In 16 @entity0 with @entity2 located in the middle and distal segment of the descending aorta, the Retriever was placed temporarily before stent graft deployment. The Retriever consisted of two units of self-expanding zigzag stents connected in tandem with stainless steel struts. Each strut was collected in a bundle fixed to a pushing rod, and the stent framework was lined with an expanded @entity4 sheet. The Retriever was delivered beyond the @entity2 through a sheath and was retracted into the sheath 20 minutes later. A stent graft for permanent use was deployed in @entity0 whose predeployment test results with the Retriever were favorable. Evoked spinal cord potential was monitored throughout placement of the Retriever and stent grafting until the next day. RESULTS: The Retriever was placed in 17 @entity2 in 16 @entity0 . There were no changes in amplitude or latency of evoked spinal cord potential records obtained before or during Retriever placement. After withdrawal of the Retriever, all @entity2 were excluded from circulation immediately after permanent stent grafting. There were no changes in evoked spinal cord potential, nor were @entity1 seen after stent graft deployment in any @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that predeployment testing with the Retriever under evoked spinal cord potential monitoring is promising as a predictor of @entity5 in candidates for stent graft repair of thoracic @entity3 .

title: Preliminary report on prediction of @entity5 in endovascular stent graft repair of thoracic aortic XXXX by retrievable stent graft.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We report a case of @entity6 associated with @entity3 . The @entity0 was a 54-year-old @entity0 , who developed a small @entity6 in the left internal capsule. He was admitted with mild @entity5 to out hospital. Left carotid angiography showed an occlusion at the origin of the internal carotid artery. Right cerebral angiography revealed the slow filling of cerebral arteries of left hemisphere by the cross flow. He was treated conservatively. Two days after admission, the neurological examination revealed no notable abnormalities. The etiology of @entity4 of this case is presumed as the arterial @entity1 due to @entity2 . There has been no report on the @entity6 associated with @entity3 . Our case suggests that the volume and enlargement of @entity6 may be influenced by cerebral perfusion pressure.

title: [A case of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage associated with XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate overall trends in @entity2 mortality rates among non-Hispanic whites by educational level. DESIGN: Descriptive study. SETTING: Death certificate records from 26 states, representing approximately 45% of the US population as reported by the National Center for Health Statistics, with recorded educational level information and population data from the US Bureau of Census Current Population Survey. @entity0 : Recorded deaths from @entity2 in non-Hispanic whites reported from 1993 through 2007. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Age-standardized mortality rates for @entity2 were evaluated by educational attainment (a marker of socioeconomic status) among non- Hispanic whites (aged 25-64 years) from 1993 through 2007. Rate ratios assessed the time trend in age-adjusted @entity1 rates by sex and educational level. Mortality differentials in educational level were measured using the regression-based Relative Index of Inequality. All statistical tests were 2-sided. RESULTS: @entity2 mortality declined significantly between 1993-1997 and 2003-2007 in @entity0 (RR [rate ratio], 0.916; 95% CI, 0.878-0.954; P.001) and @entity0 (RR, 0.907; 95% CI, 0.857-0.957; P.001). However, these declines occurred only among the most educated @entity0 (>= 13 years of education irrespective of sex), and nonsignificant increases were found among the least-educated individuals, specifically @entity0 (P=.17). As a result, the Relative Index of Inequality by education in @entity2 mortality in 2003-2007 relative to 1993-1997 (baseline) widened by 51.7% in @entity0 and by 35.7% in @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Recent declines in @entity2 mortality rates among non-Hispanic whites in the United States mainly reflect declines among the most-educated individuals. The widening disparities in @entity2 mortality rates by education calls for early detection strategies to effectively target high-risk, less-educated, non-Hispanic white individuals.

title: Trends in XXXX mortality among non-Hispanic whites by educational attainment, 1993-2007.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was designed to investigate the potential of circumferential @entity2 for @entity4 ( @entity4 ) to maintain sinus rhythm (SR) over time, thus reducing mortality and morbidity while enhancing quality of life (QoL). BACKGROUND: Circumferential PV ablation is safe and effective, but the long-term outcomes and its impact on QoL have not been assessed or compared with those for medical therapy. METHODS: We examined the clinical course of 1,171 consecutive @entity0 with symptomatic @entity4 who were referred to us between January 1998 and March 2001. The 589 ablated @entity0 were compared with the 582 who received antiarrhythmic medications for SR control. The QoL of 109 ablated and 102 medically treated @entity0 was measured with the SF-36 survey. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 900 days (range 161 to 1,508 days). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed observed survival for ablated @entity0 was longer than among @entity0 treated medically (p < 0.001), and not different from that expected for healthy @entity0 of the same gender and calendar year of birth (p = 0.55). Cox proportional-hazards model revealed in the ablation group hazard ratios of 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.31 to 0.68; p < 0.001) for all-cause mortality, of 0.45 (95% CI, 0.31 to 0.64; p < 0.001) for morbidities mainly due to @entity3 and @entity1 cerebrovascular events, and of 0.30 (95% CI, 0.24 to 0.37; p < 0.001) for @entity4 recurrence. Ablated @entity0 ' QoL, different from @entity0 treated medically, reached normative levels at six months and remained unchanged at one year. CONCLUSIONS: Pulmonary vein ablation improves mortality, morbidity, and QoL as compared with medical therapy. Our findings pave the way for randomized trials to prospect a wider application of ablation therapy for @entity4 .

title: Mortality, morbidity, and quality of life after circumferential XXXX for @entity4 : outcomes from a controlled nonrandomized long-term study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The efficacy of topical @entity2 in bullous pemphigoid (BP) was assessed by prospective therapeutic trials. Systemic corticosteroids and immunosuppressant agents are indicated in situations of failure or relapses. OBJECTIVES: To report our experience in the management of BP outside therapeutic trials focusing on the outcome of the @entity0 at 6 and 12 months, compliance and follow-up difficulties. METHODS: Monocenter retrospective study with collection of clinical, therapeutic and follow-up data after 6 and 12 months. RESULTS: Ninety-six @entity0 , mean age 84 years, 65 females, 54% had @entity1 . The initial dose of @entity3 was 30 g/day, followed by a progressive decrease. In the first 6 months, 14% were lost to follow-up and 17.7% died; 62% were controlled with topical @entity2 alone, and 25% had adjunctive systemic treatment. Difficulties of compliance were mentioned in 34.4%, without significant difference between controlled and noncontrolled @entity0 . After 12 months, 23% were lost to follow-up and 27.1% died. The mean duration of the treatment was 11.7    8.4 months. After the stop, 18.9% of @entity0 relapsed within 3 months. CONCLUSION: We emphasize the frequent recourse to systemic treatments in the first few months, the difficulties of compliance and of follow-up in our day-to-day experience.

title: Management of bullous pemphigoid with topical XXXX in the clinical practice of a single center: outcome at 6 and 12 months.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ), @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is associated with poorer treatment adherence and higher readmission and mortality rates. Previous studies suggest that @entity6 ( @entity6 ) could impair cognitive function. This study sought to assess the association between permanent @entity6 (permAF) and @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 . We evaluated cognitive function in 881 @entity0 with stable @entity4 (73    11  years, 44% @entity0 , 48% with preserved ejection fraction) using the Mini-Mental State Examination test (n  = 876) and the Pfeiffer's Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (n  = 848). @entity3 was defined as a Mini-Mental State Examination score <24 or Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (errors) >2. The independent association between permAF and @entity3 was assessed by binary logistic regression analysis. A total of 295 @entity0 (33.5%) had @entity3 , in 5.1% of cases moderate/severe. @entity0 with permAF had more frequently any degree of @entity3 (43% vs 31%), and moderate/severe @entity3 (8% vs 5%). In the multivariate analysis, @entity3 was associated with permAF (odds ratio 1.54, 95% C.I. 1.05 to 2.28), an older age, female gender, @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity2 , New York Heart Association class III/IV, and lower systolic blood pressure. No interaction was found for @entity6 and @entity3 between @entity0 with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. In conclusion, the presence of permAF is independently associated with @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity4 , both with reduced and preserved ejection fraction. Given the clinical impact of @entity3 in the @entity4 population, active assessment of cognitive function is particularly warranted in @entity0 with @entity4 with permAF.

title: Effect of Permanent XXXX on Cognitive Function in @entity0 With @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to examine whether a routine preoperative ECG is necessary in @entity0 to assess the risks in anaesthesia and surgery. METHODS: We examined the records of 3030 @entity0 anaesthetized in our hospital in 1990 and compared records of complications with preoperative ECGs. We also evaluated questionnaires on this subject which we had sent to 51 large pediatric hospitals in Germany in 1991. RESULTS: During 3030 anaesthetic procedures there were 93 complications, 67 of which were not of cardiac origin. Of the 26 cardiac complications only 4 needed therapy (AV-Block 2 degrees, @entity2 ). Preoperative ECGs were recorded in 180 cases: 152 were normal, 8 showed harmless deviations from normal and 16 were recorded because of known @entity1 . None of the 180 @entity0 developed complications during anaesthesia. Our questionnaire was returned completed carefully by 36 of the 51 hospitals. In most hospitals a preoperative ECG is only recorded when @entity1 is known or suspected. CONCLUSION: Routine preoperative ECGs are unnecessary in @entity0 unless there are clinical symptoms of @entity1 or @entity1 is suspected.

title: [Preoperative ECG in routine preoperative assessment of XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: 1. To elucidate the functional consequence of endogenous phospholipase A2 activation, the effect of pretreatment with @entity5 on @entity4 , @entity2 and @entity3 inotropic responses in isolated @entity0 left atria was studied. 2. @entity5 pretreatment resulted in a significant decrease of the positive inotropic response of @entity4 , whereas no significant change in the @entity2 response was seen. 3. A more prominent negative inotropic effect of @entity3 could be perceived after @entity5 pretreatment. These effects of @entity5 were not simply reversed by @entity6 , a phospholipase A2 inhibitor. 4. After combined @entity6 / @entity5 pretreatment, a positive inotropic response was elicited by @entity3 , which could be blocked by @entity7 but not by @entity1 . 5. It is suggested that the combination of @entity6 / @entity5 abolishes the activity of an inhibitory G protein.

title: Effect of phospholipase A2 activation on the receptor function in the XXXX left atrium: unmasking of a positive inotropic effect of @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Ovarian sex hormones modulate neuronal circuits not directly involved in reproductive functions. In the present study, we investigated whether endogenous fluctuations of @entity1 and @entity2 during the menstrual cycle are associated with early cortical processing stages in a cued spatial attention paradigm. EEG was monitored while young @entity0 responded to acoustically cued visual stimuli. @entity0 with large mean amplitude of the event-related potential (ERP) (80-120ms following visual stimuli) responded faster to visual stimuli. In luteal @entity0 , mean amplitude of the ERP as well as alpha amplitude, an indicator of attentional modulation, correlated positively with @entity2 . Further, cerebral asymmetry in ERP amplitude in the alpha frequency band following target presentation was restricted to luteal @entity0 . Critically, early follicular @entity0 responded slower to right hemifield compared to left hemifield targets. In late follicular or luteal @entity0 , we did not detect a right hemifield disadvantage. @entity2 correlated negatively with RTs in luteal @entity0 . Therefore, whereas our behavioral data indicate a functional cerebral asymmetry in early follicular @entity0 , EEG recording reveal a physiological cerebral hemisphere asymmetry in the alpha frequency band in luteal @entity0 . We assume that a @entity2 -associated enhancement in synchronization of synaptic activity in the alpha frequency band in luteal @entity0 improves early categorization of visual targets in a cued spatial attention paradigm.

title: XXXX -associated increase in ERP amplitude correlates with an improvement in performance in a spatial attention paradigm.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are considered responsible for the recurrence and chemoresistance of @entity1 . Dysregulated autophagy is highly prevalent in many types of @entity1 including @entity4 and has been implicated in cytoprotection and @entity1 promotion. This study aimed to investigate the role of autophagy in regulating @entity1 stemness and chemoresistance of @entity4 . METHODS: The correlation between autophagy and CSCs and its clinical significance were analyzed using @entity4 tissue microarrays. Genetic and pharmacological approaches were applied to explore the function of autophagy on CSC activity and @entity2 resistance of @entity4 cells in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS: @entity13 expression positively correlated with the expression of CSC markers @entity7 dehydrogenase 1 ( @entity12 ), @entity6 , and @entity8 in @entity4 tissues. High coexpression of @entity13 / @entity12 was associated with both poor overall survival and progression-free survival. In @entity4 cell lines, higher @entity13 -II expression was observed in the sphere-forming cells than in the bulk cells. Blockade of autophagy by silencing @entity10 , @entity11 , and @entity9 or the administration of autophagy inhibitor @entity3 markedly reduced the CSC populations, @entity12 activity, sphere formation, and resistance to @entity2 in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was found to stimulate @entity13 -II, @entity12 , @entity6 , and @entity8 expression in PANC-1 cells, whereas this effect could be prevented by @entity5 knockdown and autophagy blockade. After treatment with various inhibitors against the major signaling pathways downstream of @entity5 , only the inhibitor of NF-kB activation, BAY 1170-82, could effectively counteract @entity5 -induced autophagy and CSC activity. According to the histochemical results, @entity4 @entity0 manifesting high levels of @entity5 / @entity13 / @entity12 and @entity5 / @entity6 / @entity8 had poor survival. CONCLUSIONS: Induction of autophagy mediated by @entity5 /NF-kB signaling is required for maintenance of pancreatic CSC activity. Combination of @entity2 with pharmacological autophagy inhibitors is a promising therapeutic strategy for @entity4 .

title: Blockade of autophagy reduces @entity4 stem cell activity and potentiates the tumoricidal effect of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: 1. The effects of @entity8 ( @entity7 ) on dissociated @entity0 dorsal raphe neurones were investigated using the patch-clamp method. 2. Under current-clamp conditions, @entity7 hyperpolarized the cell membrane, resulting in the reduction of firing rates. 3. Under voltage-clamp conditions, @entity7 induced an inward rectifying K+ current in a concentration-dependent manner. 4. The @entity7 -induced K+ currents (I( @entity7 )) were mimicked by @entity4 , a @entity5 agonist. The I( @entity7 ) was blocked by @entity6 , a @entity5 receptor antagonist, in a concentration-dependent manner. 5. @entity3 , an agent which uncouples between the receptor and the G-protein, irreversibly blocked the I( @entity7 ). 6. In neurones perfused intracellularly with a pipette-solution containing @entity2 using the conventional whole-cell patch recording, the I( @entity7 ) showed a gradual rundown. When the neurones were perfused with GTPgammaS, @entity7 activated the inwardly rectifying K+ current in an irreversible manner. 7. In the inside-out patch recording mode, @entity7 -activated single K+ channel currents (i( @entity7 )) which also showed an inward rectification. When the @entity1 in cytosolic side was completely replaced with @entity2 , the open probability of i( @entity7 ) significantly increased. 8. These results indicate that the activation of @entity5 receptors by @entity7 directly opens the inward rectifying K+ channels via a G-protein mediated process.

title: XXXX -induced K+ current in acutely dissociated @entity0 dorsal raphe neurones.

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: Combat-related moderate-to-severe @entity1 (CRTBI) is a significant cause of wartime morbidity and mortality. As of August 2014, moderate-to-severe @entity1 sustained by members of the Department of Defense worldwide since 2000 totaled 32,996 cases. Previously published epidemiologic reviews describe CRTBI management at a "strategic" level, but they lack "tactical" @entity0 -specific data required for performance improvement. In addition, scarce data exist regarding prehospital CRTBI care. METHODS: This is a prospective observational study of consecutive CRTBI casualties presenting to US Role 3 medical facilities. Admission variables including demographics, initial clinical findings, and laboratory results were collected. Head computed tomographic scan findings were noted. Interventions in the first 72 postinjury hours were recorded. Early in-theater mortality was noted, but longer-term outcomes were not. RESULTS: Casualties were predominately injured by explosive blasts (78.6%). Penetrating injuries occurred in 42.9%. On arrival, Glasgow @entity4 Scale (GCS) score was less than 8 for 47.7%. @entity7 (temperature < 95.0  F) was present in 4.5%, and @entity3 (systolic blood pressure < 90 mm Hg) in 21.1%. @entity2 (O2 saturation < 90%) was observed in 52.5%. Both hypercarbia (Paco2 > 45 mm Hg, 50%) and hypocarbia (Paco2 < 36 mm Hg, 20.3%) were common on presentation. Head computed tomographic scan most commonly found skull fracture (68.9%), subdural @entity5 (54.1%), and cerebral contusion (51.4%). @entity8 saline was administered to 69.7% and factor VIIa to 11.1%. Early in-theater mortality at Role 3 was 19.4%. CONCLUSION: Avoidance of secondary @entity6 by optimizing oxygenation, ventilation, and cerebral perfusion is the primary goal in the contemporary care of moderate-to-severe CRTBI. Ideally, this crucial care must begin as early as possible after injury. Given the frequency of @entity3 , @entity2 , and both hypercarbia and hypocarbia upon Role 3 arrival, increased emphasis on prehospital management is indicated. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic study, level IV; epidemiologic study, level III.

title: Early in-theater management of combat-related XXXX : A prospective, observational study to identify opportunities for performance improvement.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Experimental @entity5 @entity1 produced with Deloyer's method showed higher resting pressure at the gastroesophageal junction and the increase in LES pressure in response to @entity8 and @entity7 . Dose-response curve of the LES to each dose of @entity8 in @entity5 @entity1 shifted to the left. Resting LES pressure in 11 @entity0 with @entity5 was 42.73 +/- 23.31 cm @entity6 . It increased significantly after intramuscular injection of 5 micrograms/kg of @entity8 and fluoroscopic observation showed the tonic contraction of the lower esophagus and @entity4 . After the performance of Jekler-Lhotka operation, LES pressure decreased to lower values sufficient to prevent the @entity2 . Comparing 5 kinds of hiatal herniorrhaphies in @entity1 , LES pressure increased postoperatively in the following order: Nissen, Belsey Mark IV, Stensrud, Hill and Harrington methods. Responses to @entity8 increased after Nissen and Belsey Mark IV methods. In 12 out of 21 clinical cases of sliding @entity3 who had undergone Nissen-Rossetti method adding fundopexy and posterior gastropexy, preoperative esophageal manometry showed HPZ of 24.98 +/- 8.87 cm @entity6 in peak value and 5.1 +/- 3.46 cm in length. Seven cases showed the biphasic pattern and 5 cases showed the negative response to @entity8 . Postoperative manometry showed HPZ of 31.42 +/- 18.46 cm @entity6 in peak value and 4.5 +/- 1.73 cm in length. One case showed the biphasic pattern and 3 cases showed the negative response to @entity8 .

title: [Gastrointestinal hormones and operations for XXXX of the esophagus and sliding @entity3 : their surgical significance].

answer: @entity5