abstract: BACKGROUND: One-fifth of @entity0 with severe facial @entity1 suffer @entity1 . Currently, @entity0 presenting with mid-face injury to the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) undergo visual examination and then  further assessment by ophthalmologists and with computed tomography (CT) scanning. The utility of the initial visual examination in the @entity3 , performed by nonophthalmologists, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to objectively identify whether a more thorough initial visual assessment, performed by nonophthalmologists in the @entity3 , was associated with improved ophthalmic outcomes. METHODS: @entity0 (n  =  100) were retrospectively recruited from a tertiary craniomaxillofacial center. Visual examinations performed in the @entity3 were scored objectively and measured against defined management and prognostic outcomes. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between more thorough initial visual examination and reduced time to ophthalmology assessment or reduced @entity2 . There was no correlation between more comprehensive examination and incidence of CT scanning. CONCLUSIONS: We identified no significant difference between a comprehensive visual examination performed by nonophthalmologists in the @entity3 , and improved ophthalmic outcomes. Physicians assessing @entity0 with  mid-face @entity1 in the @entity3 should rule out eye @entity3 , including @entity4 and penetrating @entity1 , and initiate expeditious CT scan and assessment by specialist ophthalmologists.

title: Assessment of Emergency Department Eye Examinations in XXXX Presenting with Mid-Face Injury.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The authors hypothesized that central factors may underlie @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and that functional brain imaging would reveal altered responses in supraspinal nuclei. BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity6 frequently present with @entity1 , ranging from @entity7 to complete anesthesia in the absence of substantial pathology and often in association with @entity3 and occasional @entity4 . @entity0 with @entity2 and such @entity5 can be classified as having both a @entity8 and a @entity9 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV classification). METHODS: The authors tested their hypothesis with functional MRI (fMRI) of brush and noxious stimulation-evoked brain responses in four @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity1 . RESULTS: The fMRI findings revealed altered somatosensory-evoked responses in specific forebrain areas. Unperceived stimuli failed to activate areas that were activated with perceived touch and @entity2 : notably, the thalamus, posterior region of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and Brodmann area 44/45. Furthermore, unperceived stimuli were associated with deactivations in primary and secondary somatosensory cortex (S1, S2), posterior parietal cortex, and prefrontal cortex. Finally, unperceived (but not perceived) stimuli activated the rostral ACC. CONCLUSIONS: Diminished perception of innocuous and noxious stimuli is associated with altered activity in many parts of the somatosensory pathway or other supraspinal areas. The cortical findings indicate a neurobiological component for at least part of the symptoms in @entity0 presenting with @entity1 .

title: Altered central somatosensory processing in @entity6 XXXX with "hysterical" anesthesia.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Understanding how @entity1 metabolism is finely regulated at molecular and cellular levels in the liver is critical for knowing its relationship to related pathologies, such as @entity0 . In order to gain insight the regulation of @entity1 metabolism, we studied the liver expressed isoforms aldolase B and @entity3 -1,6-bisphosphatase ( @entity9 ), key enzymes in gluconeogenesis, analyzing their cellular localization in hepatocytes under different metabolic conditions and their protein-protein interaction in vitro and in vivo . We observed that @entity1 , @entity4 , glucagon and adrenaline differentially modulate the intracellular distribution of aldolase B and @entity9 . Interestingly, the in vitro protein-protein interaction analysis between aldolase B and @entity9 showed a specific and regulatable interaction between them, whereas aldolase A (muscle isozyme) and @entity9 showed no interaction. The affinity of the aldolase B and @entity9 complex was modulated by intermediate metabolites, but only in the presence of @entity5 . We observed a decreased association constant in the presence of @entity2 , @entity10 , @entity8 and inhibitory concentrations of @entity6 . Conversely, the association constant of the complex increased in the presence of @entity7 and non-inhibitory concentrations of @entity6 . Notably, i n vivo fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies confirmed the interaction between aldolase B and @entity9 . Also, the co-expression of aldolase B and @entity9 in cultured cells suggested that @entity9 guides the cellular localization of aldolase B. Our results provide further evidence that metabolic conditions modulate aldolase B and @entity9 activity at the cellular level via the regulation of their interaction, suggesting that their association confers a catalytic advantage for both enzymes.

title: A new level of regulation in gluconeogenesis: Metabolic state modulates the intracellular localization of aldolase B and its interaction with liver XXXX -1,6-bisphosphatase.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We have treated Caki-2 @entity0 @entity5 in vivo using herpes simplex virus @entity4 kinase (HSV-tk) gene therapy. Both stably transduced @entity1 , generated using retrovirus-mediated ex vivo HSV-tk gene transfer and direct intratumoral adenovirus-mediated HSV-tk gene transfer of wild @entity1 , were tested. Similar treatments with LacZ containing retro- and adenoviruses were used as controls. The outcome was evaluated by imaging the @entity1 before and after the treatment with magnetic resonance imaging, and using histology, immunocytochemistry, and survival analysis. When implanted orthotopically into nude @entity2 kidneys, Caki-2 cells formed reproducible @entity3 . In vivo magnetic resonance imaging provided an important tool for the evaluation of @entity1 growth. Transduction @entity1 in vivo with adeno-LacZ was 22+/-14%. Significant @entity1 regression was achieved with direct intratumoral adeno-HSV-tk transduction followed by intraperitoneal @entity6 (GCV) (P<.001). Also, the treatment of stably transduced @entity1 with intraperitoneal GCV resulted in a significant treatment response in the HSV-tk group as compared to the LacZ group (P<.009). Increased apoptosis and macrophage infiltrations, reduced proliferation, and degenerative changes were observed in the @entity1 treated with HSV-tk and GCV. Also, significant prolongation in survival was achieved with adeno-HSV-tk- and GCV-treated @entity2 as compared to the controls. It is concluded that adeno-HSV-tk gene therapy may be useful for the treatment of @entity5 in vivo.

title: HSV-tk gene therapy for XXXX @entity5 in @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Abstract Aim: Inguinal hernia is one of the most common surgical conditions in @entity0 and @entity0 . However, considerable debate exists regarding the role of @entity2 repair (herniorrhaphy) (LH) and its benefits over conventional open hernia repair (herniorrhaphy) ( @entity3 ). The aim of this review is to analyze the current literature to determine the outcome of LH compared with @entity3 . Materials and Methods: A literature search was performed on all studies published during the last 20 years, reporting on outcomes of @entity3 and LH, in terms of operative time, recurrence rate and other complications, finding of rare @entity2 , and incidence of contralateral patency. The chi-squared or Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the results of the study. Results: Fifty-three studies matched our inclusion criteria. As for operative time, in @entity1 , there was no significant difference between LH and @entity3 (P=.33). In contrast, in bilateral disease, LH is faster than @entity3 (P=.01). As for the recurrence rate, no significant difference was observed between the two techniques (P=.66), whereas the rate of other complications was significantly higher for @entity3 compared with LH (P=.001). Laparoscopy has the advantage to identify and treat rare @entity2 (direct, femoral, "en pantalon") that are never reported in articles focused on inguinal @entity3 . In laparoscopic series, in the case of @entity2 , the incidence of contralateral patency varied between 19.9% and 66%. Conclusions: In this systematic review, it seems that LH is faster than @entity3 for @entity2 , whereas there is no significant difference in terms of operative time for @entity1 . Recurrence rate is similar for both techniques. As for other complications such as @entity4 , it is higher for @entity3 compared with LH, especially in @entity0 . A prospective comparative study is necessary on this topic to strongly support the results of our systematic review.

title: Laparoscopic Versus Open @entity1 in Pediatric XXXX : A Systematic Review.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Imexon is an @entity11 -containing small molecule currently in Phase I clinical trials. This agent has been shown to bind to @entity7 and increase intracellular oxidants, inducing apoptosis in @entity8 cells. @entity4 are known to be sensitive to oxidation, suggesting this disease may be an appropriate target for this agent. The current report examines the activity of imexon in pancreatic cells. Imexon induced concentration-dependent and time-dependent apoptosis in a panel of six @entity0 @entity9 cell (PCC) lines. The mean IC50 (SD) for growth inhibition by the SRB assay was 200 (101) microM for a 48 h exposure with a range of 64-358 microM. Cell killing was schedule-dependent, favoring exposure times > or =48 h. Imexon-treated MiaPaCa-2 cells underwent non-lethal growth arrest following exposure to concentrations < or =200 microM for 48 h. When concentrations were increased to 300 microM for > or =48 h, the MiaPaCa-2 cells arrested in G2 phase and activated caspases 3, 8, and 9 were detected. After a 72 h exposure to the IC80 concentration of imexon, cells exhibited a loss of mitochondrial membrane potential detected by CMXRos staining. However, there was no loss of reduced cellular thiols unless very high concentrations of > or =400 microM were used. In contrast, reactive @entity3 species (ROS) were elevated in a dose-dependent fashion, starting at very low imexon concentrations. Imexon also significantly inhibited MiaPaCa-2 @entity1 growth in @entity5 @entity2 at 100 mg/kg/d for 9 d. The @entity1 growth inhibition (% @entity10 ) was 27% of control, and the @entity1 growth delay was 21 d, indicating an active agent by NCI standards. The levels of imexon that are cytotoxic in @entity0 PCC's are achievable based on the preliminary results of the ongoing Phase I trial. Imexon appears to be active against PCCs in vitro and has an entirely novel mechanism of action involving @entity6 , accumulation of ROS, and the induction of apoptosis.

title: Induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest by imexon in @entity0 XXXX cell lines.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The effect of short-term and long-term use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on structural change is equivocal. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent to which short- and long-term use of prescription NSAIDs relieve symptoms and delay structural progression among @entity0 with radiographically confirmed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of the knee. METHODS: We applied a new-user design among @entity0 with confirmed @entity2 not reporting NSAID use at the time of enrollment in the @entity2 Initiative. @entity0 were evaluated for changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity2 Index (WOMAC) subscales (n = 1,846) and joint space width was measured using serial radiographs and a customized software tool (n = 1,116) over 4 years. We used marginal structural modeling to estimate the effect of NSAIDs. RESULTS: Compared to @entity0 who never reported prescription NSAID use, those reporting use at 1 or 2 assessments had no clinically important changes, but those reporting prescription NSAID use at all 3 assessments had, on average, 0.88 point improvement over the followup period (95% confidence interval [95% CI] -0.46 to 2.22) in @entity1 , 0.72 point improvement (95% CI -0.12 to 1.56) in stiffness, and 4.27 points improvement (95% CI -0.31 to 8.84) in function. The average change in joint space width was 0.28 mm less among those reporting NSAID use at 3 assessments relative to nonusers (95% CI -0.06 to 0.62). Recent NSAID use findings were not clinically or statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Long-term, but not short-term, NSAID use was associated with an a priori-defined minimally important clinical change in stiffness, physical function, and joint space width, but not @entity1 . While showing modest clinical importance, the estimates did not reach statistical significance.

title: Effects of prescription nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs on symptoms and disease progression among XXXX with knee osteoarthritis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Studies using @entity0 deficient in @entity1 receptors (TR) indicate that the two TR isoforms, TRa1 and @entity2 , in addition to mediating overlapping biological activities of the @entity1 , T3, also mediate distinct functions. @entity0 harboring an identical dominant negative mutation (denoted PV) at the C terminus of TRa1 (Thra1(PV) @entity0 ) or b1 (Thrb(PV) @entity0 ) also exhibit distinct phenotypes. These knockin mutant @entity0 provide an opportunity to understand the molecular basis of isoform-dependent functions in vivo. Here we tested the hypothesis that the distinct functions of TR mutant isoforms are directed by a subset of nuclear regulatory proteins. Tandem-affinity chromatography of HeLa nuclear extracts showed that distinct 33 nuclear proteins including nuclear receptor corepressor ( @entity3 ) and six other proteins preferentially associated with TRa1PV or TRb1PV, respectively. These results indicate that recruitment of nuclear regulatory proteins by TR mutants is subtype dependent. The involvement of @entity3 in mediating the distinct liver phenotype of Thra1(PV) and Thrb(PV) @entity0 was further explored. @entity3 preferentially interacted with TRa1PV rather than with TRb1PV. @entity3 was recruited more avidly to the @entity1 response element-bound TRa1PV than to @entity2 PV in the promoter of the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein a gene to repress its expression in the liver of Thra1(PV) @entity0 , but not in Thrb(PV) @entity0 . This preferential recruitment of @entity3 by mutant isoforms could contribute, at least in part, to the distinct liver lipid phenotype of these mutant @entity0 . The present study highlights a novel mechanism by which TR isoforms direct their selective functions via preferential recruitment of a subset of nuclear coregulatory proteins.

title: Differential recruitment of nuclear coregulators directs the isoform-dependent action of mutant XXXX receptors.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of single-stage modified anterior sagittal anorectoplasty (ASARP) for @entity6 with @entity2 . METHOD: Twenty-six @entity0 with @entity8 underwent single-stage modified sphincter-saving ASARP between January 2008 and December 2012. The ages of the @entity0 at the time of operation ranged from 1  month to 5.1  years. Standard ASARP procedure was modified to avoid the incision of the external sphincter complex. Instead a potential tunnel was created through the center of external sphincter complex under the endoscopic guidance. The @entity0 were evaluated for fecal continence and complications. RESULT: Modified ASARP was successfully performed in all @entity0 . The mean operation time was 52.2      3.5  min (range 47-61  min). The operative @entity1 was minimal. There was no operative complication. @entity7 occurred in 3 @entity0 (3/26, 11.5  %). All @entity0 were followed up for 4.2      1.5  years (range 2-6  years). No @entity0 developed @entity5 . Three @entity0 (3/26, 11.5  %) had soiling once or twice per week. Four @entity0 (4/26, 15.4  %) had @entity4 amenable to diet management. Mucosal prolapse occurred in 1 @entity0 (1/26, 3.8  %). There was no recurrence of @entity2 , @entity3 or anterior displacement of the neorectum. CONCLUSION: Mid-term results show that single-stage modified ASARP is an effective and safe option for @entity0 with @entity6 and @entity2 .

title: The management of @entity6 with XXXX : a single-stage modified anterior sagittal anorectoplasty.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background Current guidelines recommend initial treatment with anticoagulants at home in @entity0 with acute @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and in @entity0 with low-risk @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with adequate home circumstances. However, most of the @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are currently hospitalized regardless of their risk of short-term complications. Aim of the study To assess the proportion of outpatients with acute @entity3 initially treated in hospitals, to assess the mean duration of hospitalization, and to identify predictors for in-hospital or home treatment. Methods Data of Italian @entity0 enrolled in the RIETE registry from January 2006 to December 2013 were included. Results Altogether 766 @entity2 and 1,452 isolated @entity1 were included. Among @entity2 @entity0 , mean PESI score was 84 points (SD 35), and 56% of @entity0 had a low-risk PESI score (<85). In all, 53.7% of @entity1 and 17.0% of @entity2 were entirely treated at home, and 38.2% of @entity1 @entity0 and 19.9% of @entity2 @entity0 were hospitalized for    <=5 days. On multivariate analysis, low PESI score was not independently associated with the hospitalization of @entity2 @entity0 . Conclusions One in every two @entity0 with @entity1 and five in every six with @entity2 are still hospitalized. Key Messages A significant number of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) are still hospitalized for the acute phase of the treatment despite current guidelines recommending initial treatment with anticoagulants at home in @entity0 with acute @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and in @entity0 with low-risk @entity2 ( @entity2 ) with adequate home circumstances.

title: Rate and duration of hospitalization for @entity1 and XXXX in real-world clinical practice.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The high-affinity sigma receptor 1 (  R1) ligand @entity4 ((+)- @entity7 ) affords profound retinal neuroprotection in vitro and in vivo by a yet-unknown mechanism. A common feature of @entity1 is M  ller cell reactive gliosis, which includes cytokine release. Here, we investigated whether lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulates cytokine release by primary @entity0 M  ller cells and whether (+)- @entity7 alters release. Using a highly sensitive inflammatory antibody array we observed significant release of macrophage inflammatory proteins (MIP1y, @entity2 , @entity6 ) and interleukin-12 (IL12 ( @entity5 / @entity3 )) in LPS-treated cells compared to controls, and a significant decrease in secretion upon (+)- @entity7 treatment. M  ller cells from   R1 knockout @entity0 demonstrated increased MIP1y, @entity2 , @entity6 and IL12 ( @entity5 / @entity3 ) secretion when exposed to LPS compared to LPS-stimulated WT cells. We investigated whether cytokine secretion was accompanied by cytosolic-to-nuclear NFkB translocation and whether endothelial cell adhesion/migration was altered by released cytokines. Cells exposed to LPS demonstrated increased NFkB nuclear location, which was reduced significantly in (+)- @entity7 -treated cells. Media conditioned by LPS-stimulated-M  ller cells induced leukocyte-endothelial cell adhesion and endothelial cell migration, which was attenuated by @entity7 treatment. The findings suggest that release of certain inflammatory cytokines by M  ller cells can be attenuated by   R1 ligands providing insights into the retinal neuroprotective role of this receptor. A common feature of @entity1 is M  ller cell reactive gliosis, which includes cytokine release. To understand how sigma receptor 1 (  R1) mediates neuroprotection, we examined the effects of a high-affinity   R1 ligand, @entity4 , on LPS-stimulated cytokine release in primary @entity0 retinal M  ller glial cells. Under basal conditions, cytokine release was minimal. LPS stimulation markedly increased secretion of the cytokines MIP1y, @entity2 , @entity6 , IL12 ( @entity5 / @entity3 ), which was accompanied by a significant translocation of NFkB from cytoplasm to the nucleus. LPS-treatment in the presence of @entity4 markedly decreased cytokine release accompanied by a significant decrease in NFkB localized to the nucleus. IL, interleukin; MIP, macrophage inflammatory proteins.

title: Sigma receptor 1 activation attenuates release of inflammatory cytokines MIP1y, @entity2 , XXXX , and IL12 ( @entity5 / @entity3 ) by retinal M  ller glial cells.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: Highland areas with naturally less intense malaria transmission may provide models of how lowland areas might become if transmission was permanently reduced by sustained vector control. It has been argued that vector control should not be attempted in areas of intense transmission. METHODS: Mosquitoes were sampled with light traps, pyrethrum spray and window exit traps. They were tested by ELISA for sporozoites. Incidence of @entity1 was measured by clearing existing infections from @entity0 with @entity6 and then taking weekly blood samples. Prevalence of @entity1 and fever, @entity4 and @entity3 were measured in @entity0 of different age groups. All these measurements were made in highland and lowland areas of Tanzania before and after provision of bednets treated with @entity5 . RESULTS: Entomological inoculation rates (EIR) were about 17 times greater in a lowland than a highland area, but incidence of @entity1 only differed by about 2.5 times. @entity2 morbidity was significantly less prevalent in the highlands than the lowlands. Treated nets in the highlands and lowlands led to 69-75% reduction in EIR. @entity2 morbidity showed significant decline in younger @entity0 at both altitudes after introduction of treated nets. In @entity0 aged 6-12 the decline was only significant in the highlands CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence that the health benefits to young @entity0 due to the nets in the lowlands were "paid for" by poorer health later in life. Our data support the idea of universal provision of treated nets, not a focus on areas of natural hypo-endemicity.

title: Variation of malaria transmission and morbidity with altitude in Tanzania and with introduction of XXXX treated nets.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We previously demonstrated that a combination of mild @entity4 ( @entity4 ) with selective depletion of the host's donor-reactive cells allows for stable and @entity8 ( @entity8 )-free engraftment of allogeneic bone marrow (BM). In this study, we investigated the efficacy of this nonmyeloablative strategy for BM transplantation (BMT) as immunotherapy for @entity3 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: BALB/c @entity2 inoculated with @entity6 ( @entity7 ) or @entity0 (4T1) cells were conditioned for BMT with @entity4 (200 cGy) followed by priming with donor (C57BL/6) BM cells on day 1, and by injection with 200 mg/kg @entity5 on day 2. After conditioning (day 3), recipients were transplanted with BM cells from the same donor. Treated animals were monitored for 230 days for survival, development of @entity6 /solid @entity1 , and @entity8 . RESULTS: BMT converted the @entity2 to complete chimeras and prevented development of @entity6 in 90% of recipients and locally growing @entity0 in 40% of the @entity2 . Immunization of donors of the second BM with 4T1 cells prevented development of @entity0 in 80% of 4T1 inoculated @entity2 . Fewer animals treated for @entity1 by nonmyeloablative BMT died of @entity8 than those treated by myeloablative BMT. However, late @entity8 -related mortality in @entity2 treated for @entity6 was higher than after nonmyeloablative BMT to naive recipients (p < 0.00001). Infusion of host-type anti-donor immune lymphocytes 8 days after BMT improved the survival of recipients treated for @entity6 without affecting engraftment and the graft-vs- @entity6 potential of donor BM. CONCLUSIONS: Effective eradication of malignant cells can be achieved following allogeneic BMT after nonmyeloablative conditioning.

title: Nonmyeloablative allogeneic bone marrow transplantation as immunotherapy for hematologic malignancies and metastatic XXXX in preclinical models.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A minority of @entity0 with @entity3 develop @entity1 in their allografts after renal transplantation. Clinically, the @entity1 appears indistinguishable from @entity1 , in which the target of autoantibodies had been identified as the NC1 domain of the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen, alpha 3(IV)NC1. However, in the majority of cases, @entity3 is due to mutations in the gene encoding the alpha 5 chain of type IV collagen, located on the X chromosome. Neither chain is detectable in the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) of most @entity0 with @entity3 . We investigated the targets of the alloantibodies of 12 @entity3 @entity0 who developed post-transplant @entity1 by Western blotting onto recombinant NC1 domains made in insect cells. Binding to these antigens, for both typical @entity4 and @entity3 anti- @entity2 antibodies, was strong and conformation-sensitive. Nine antibodies showed selective binding to alpha 5(IV)NC1. This specificity was confirmed by the demonstration of binding to a 26 kDa band of collagenase-solubilized @entity0 @entity2 , and/or binding to normal epidermal as well as renal basement membranes by indirect immunofluorescence. One antibody showed binding to alpha 5 and alpha 3(IV)NC1, while two showed predominant binding to alpha 3(IV)NC1. All seven @entity0 whose pedigree or mutation analysis showed X-linked inheritance had predominant anti-alpha 5 reactivity. One with predominant anti-alpha 3 reactivity had a @entity5 mutation. These findings show that human @entity1 can be associated with antibodies directed towards different molecular targets. Alpha 5(IV)NC1 is the primary target in most @entity0 with @entity3 who develop post-transplant @entity1 .

title: Targets of alloantibodies in XXXX after renal transplantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We analyzed data in the literature in comparison with experience at the Department of @entity0 and Oral pathology of the Stomatology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery division of la @entity7  tri  re Hospital on @entity5 of the oral mucosa, in order to establish definitions and describe epidemiological, clinical, histological findings as well as natural history and treatment outcome. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Three literature sources were analyzed: Medline and Current Contents searches, books and references listed in articles. The following key words were used and classed into three groups; 1) oral mucosa, epidemiology, @entity5 , @entity0 , leucoplakia, @entity6 , @entity11 , verrucous, @entity8 , candidosis, immunodepression, 2) oral mucosa, @entity0 markers, carcinogens, keratin, keratinocytes, gene, nuclear proteins, @entity3 protein, Ki-67 antigen, 3) oral mucosa, therapy, prevention, nutrients. The period chosen ran from 1980 to 1998. This automatic literature search was completed by systematic manual search of summaries in specialized journals published in 1997-1998. The lists of references in the identified articles were consulted and furnished the principal publications concerning @entity5 . In all 383 references were selected and analyzed by level of scientific proof. Among these 135 are cited in the text. If data in the literature were insufficient, the physicians at the Department of @entity0 and Oral pathology of the Stomatology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery division of La @entity7  tri  re Hospital were consulted to provide their experience-based recommendations. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Clear and practical definitions drawn from current knowledge were adopted. @entity5 were distinguished from precancerous states. @entity5 included chronic lesions of the oral cavity on which @entity0 of the oral cavity is known to develop. These were: leucoplakia, @entity6 , @entity11 , @entity1 , @entity9 , @entity2 , @entity12 , and @entity4 . The precancerous states included @entity0 occasionally observed in the oral cavity: immunodepression and @entity10 were analyzed. Epidemiological, clinical, histological, and evolutive data as well as therapeutic strategies were described. A decisional algorithm was elaborated for leucoplakia. The text was enriched with images available in the Department. CONCLUSION: @entity5 of the oral mucosa offer a particularly interesting area of research for understanding the process of @entity0 formation and its prevention. The level of scientific proof available in the large majority of the published reports is low. Few recent publications provide relevant data. In practice, the experience in the management of @entity0 and @entity5 of the oral mucosa accumulated over the last 40 years at the Department of @entity0 and Oral pathology of the Stomatology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery division of la @entity7  tri  re Hospital provides an invaluable source of information.

title: [ XXXX of the buccal mucosa].

answer: @entity5


abstract: Isolated sternal @entity2 are seen with an increasing frequency in traffic road accidents especially after the introduction of the seatbelt legislation. In most cases, the victims are young, otherwise healthy individuals. The medical records of all @entity0 who were treated with a diagnosis of sternal @entity2 over the past 10 years were retrospectively reviewed. All @entity0 with a radiologic diagnosis of sternal @entity2 were admitted for cardiac monitoring for at least 24 hours. ECG, determinations of cardiac enzyme levels CK (creatinephosphokinase) and CK-MB and evaluation by a cardiologist were routinely performed. An echocardiography was performed when indicated by the cardiologist. A total of 86 @entity0 had sustained a sternal @entity2 during the 10-year study period. There were 39 males and 47 females with a mean age of 50 years (range 15-97 years). Serial 12-lead electrocardiograms, which were performed in 83 (97%) @entity0 , revealed no information about @entity3 or @entity6 with consequent therapy. In eight @entity0 , a significant elevation in cardiac enzyme levels (elevation of CK-MB fraction above 10% of CK) was observed. All were normalized within 24 hours without development of any @entity6 . Echocardiography was performed in 31 @entity0 . In two @entity0 , @entity5 of the right ventricle (without enzyme elevations or @entity6 ) was observed. Within 24 hours these @entity4 resolved. The cardiac rhythm was monitored in 61 (71%) @entity0 for a total of 1550 hours. No @entity6 were observed. The cardiac enzyme studies, ECG and echocardiography revealed no consequent information about @entity6 . In case of a sternal @entity2 , we recommend a chest X-ray to exclude other associated @entity1 . If no @entity4 are identified, admission to hospital is not necessary.

title: @entity3 as a result of isolated sternal XXXX : a fact or a myth?

answer: @entity2


abstract: Endothelial cells (TEC3 cells) derived from @entity0 embryonic stem (ES) cells were used as seed cells to construct blood vessels. Tissue engineered blood vessels were made by seeding 8 106 smooth muscle cells (SMCs) obtained from @entity1 arteries onto a sheet of nonwoven @entity3 ( @entity4 ) fibers, which was used as a biodegradable polymer scaffold. After being cultured in DMEM medium for 7 days in vitro, SMCs grew well on the @entity4 fibers, and the cell- @entity4 sheet was then wrapped around a @entity2 tube, and implanted subcutaneously into @entity0 . After 6~8 weeks, the @entity2 tube was replaced with another @entity2 tube in smaller diameter, and then the TEC3 cells (endothelial cells differentiated from @entity0 ES cells) were injected inside the engineered vessel tube as the test group. In the control group only culture medium was injected. Five days later, the engineered vessels were harvested for gross observation, histological and immunohistochemical analysis. The preliminary results demonstrated that the SMC- @entity4 construct could form a tubular structure in 6~8 weeks and @entity4 fibers were completely degraded. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis of the newly formed tissue revealed a typical blood vessel structure, including a lining of endothelial cells (ECs) on the lumimal surface and the presence of SMC and collagen in the wall. No EC lining was found in the tubes of control group. Therefore, the ECs differentiated from @entity0 ES cells can serve as seed cells for endothelium lining in tissue engineered blood vessels.

title: Tissue engineering of blood vessels with endothelial cells differentiated from XXXX embryonic stem cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Switching between antipsychotic medications is common in the treatment of @entity1 . However, data on clinical and economic outcomes from antipsychotic switching, in particular acute care service use, is fairly limited. The goal of this research was to assess the clinical and economic ramifications of switching antipsychotics during outpatient management of @entity1 . METHODS: Data from a 1-year randomized, open-label cost-effectiveness study involving typical and atypical antipsychotics were assessed. The study protocol permitted switching of antipsychotics when clinically warranted. The risk of crisis-related events, use of acute-care services, and the time to the initial use of such services were determined in outpatients who switched antipsychotics compared with those who continued with their initial medications. Health care resource utilization data were abstracted from medical records and other sources (e.g., @entity0 self-report), and direct costs were estimated using previously published benchmarks. RESULTS: Almost one-third of @entity0 (29.3%) underwent a switch from their initial antipsychotic agent, with an average duration of 100 days before such treatment alterations. Compared with their counterparts who remained on their initial therapies, individuals who switched antipsychotics experienced a significantly higher risk of acute-care services, including hospitalization (p = .013) and crisis services (p = .011). @entity0 undergoing medication switches also used acute-care services significantly sooner (p = .004) and accrued an additional  3,000 (a 25% increase) in annual total health care costs per @entity0 , most of which was due to acute-care expenditures. CONCLUSION: Switching antipsychotic medications was found to be associated with considerably poorer clinical and economic outcomes, as reflected by, more frequent and more rapid use of acute-care services compared with @entity0 remaining on their initial treatments. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Trial ID 2325 in LillyTrials.com (also accessible via ClinicalStudyResults.org).

title: Clinical and economic ramifications of switching antipsychotics in the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The HPLC method was established to simultaneously determine the contents of @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity5 and @entity6 in Wikstroemia indica ( L. ) C. A. Mey. The method was carried out on a Diamonsil C18 column (4. 6 mm x 250 mm, 5   m) eluted with the mobile phases of water containing 0.15% @entity4 and @entity1 in gradient mode. The UV detection wavelength was 365 nm. The flow rate was 1.0 mL    @entity0 ) and the column temperature was set at 30   C. All the standard compounds showed a good linearity in the range of 0.100 8-1.008 (r = 0.999 2), 0.484 8-4.848 (r = 0.999 0) , 1. 354-13. 54 (r = 0.999 6), 0.316 8-3.168 mg    L(-1) (r = 0.999 0) for @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity5 and @entity6 , respectively. The average recoveries of these four @entity2 were 98.5%, 100.9%, 99.7% and 98.9% with RSD 1.2%, 1.7%, 0.81% and 1.6%, respectively. In conclusion, the method is simple, rapid and accurate. It can be applied for the quality control of Wikstroemia indica.

title: [Simultaneous determination of four XXXX in Wikstroemia indica by HPLC].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background: Injuries to the spinal cord are not only dreaded because of the high risks existing during the acute phase, but also because of their potential long-term sequelae. Horseback riding also poses a high risk of @entity4 . We therefore evaluated the most frequent characteristics of accidents leading to long-term sequelae, the primary long-term discomfort resulting from such injuries caused by horseback riding accidents and the way injured @entity0 changed their behaviour after the accidents. @entity0 : Our study included all cases of horseback riding injuries registered in the Department of @entity1 , Hand, Plastic and Restorative Surgery at the University Hospital of Ulm between May 2005 and October 2012. Sequelae of the accidents were examined via follow-up interviews by phone. These included questions about protective gear worn during the accident as well as behavioural changes after the injury. In addition, a spine-specific questionnaire based on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to assess long-term complications. Results: Overall, we recorded 50 cases of @entity4 caused by horseback riding accidents over a time span of 7 years and 5 months. 41 (82%) of the @entity0 were female and 9 (18%) were male. The average @entity0 age was 32.0  15.2 years. All in all, the 50 @entity0 sustained 84 injuries: 59 @entity2 and 25 other injuries such as distorsions or discoligamentous injuries. Most injuries were located in the lumbar spine (n=43), corresponding to 51% of all recorded injuries, followed by 32% in the thoracic spine (n=27) and 17% in the cervical spine (n=14). After sustaining a @entity2 to the spine, 9 out of 24 @entity0 quit horseback riding. All @entity0 used a helmet after the accident, but only 7 out of 15 used back protection. 11 out of 24 @entity0 suffer from @entity3 while resting with a mean VAS score of 3.4  1.9. More than half (17 out of 24) have @entity3 while working with a VAS score of 4.8  2.2. Conclusion: The frequency and severity of @entity5 sustained by horseback riders increases with age. This can be due to various reasons such as biomechanical factors. The low acceptance of back protection is remarkable.

title: [Impact of XXXX in Horseback Riding].

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: Widespread screening of @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for thrombophilic risk factors has become common clinical practice. Because of the increasing number of risk factors, assessing the risk of recurrence in an individual @entity0 is intricate; therefore, a laboratory method that measures multifactorial @entity1 is required. OBJECTIVE: To prospectively study the relationship between the risk of recurrent @entity2 and D-dimer, a global marker of coagulation activation and fibrinolysis. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : Prospective cohort study of 610 @entity0 older than 18 years who were treated with oral anticoagulants for at least 3 months with a first spontaneous @entity2 , in whom D-dimer levels were measured shortly after discontinuation of oral anticoagulation. The study was conducted at the Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, Vienna, Austria. @entity0 entered the study at time of discontinuation of oral anticoagulants and were observed at 3-month intervals during the first year and every 6 months thereafter from July 1992 to October 2002. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Objectively documented symptomatic recurrent @entity2 . RESULTS: A total of 79 (13%) of 610 @entity0 had recurrent @entity2 with a mean observation time of 38 months. @entity0 with recurrence had significantly higher D-dimer levels compared with those without recurrence (553 ng/mL vs 427 ng/mL, P =.01). Compared with @entity0 with D-dimer levels of 750 ng/mL or higher, the relative risk (RR) of recurrence was 0.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3-1.4), 0.6 (95% CI, 0.3-1.2), and 0.3 (95% CI, 0.1-0.6) in @entity0 with D-dimer levels of 500 to 749 ng/mL, 250 to 499 ng/mL, and less than 250 ng/mL, respectively. The cumulative probability of recurrent @entity2 at 2 years was 3.7% (95% CI, 0.9%-6.5%) among @entity0 with D-dimer levels of less than 250 ng/mL compared with 11.5% (95% CI, 8.0%-15.0%) among @entity0 with higher levels (P =.001). @entity0 with D-dimer levels of less than 250 ng/mL had a 60% lower RR of recurrence compared with @entity0 with higher levels (RR, 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2-0.8). CONCLUSION: @entity0 with a first spontaneous @entity2 and a D-dimer level of less than 250 ng/mL after withdrawal of oral anticoagulation have a low risk of @entity2 recurrence.

title: D-dimer levels and risk of recurrent XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Elevated physical activity has been observed in some @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) despite their emaciated condition. However, its effects on treatment outcome remain unclear. This study aimed to examine objectively measured physical activity in this clinical population and how it might be related to a partial hospitalization therapy response, after considering potential confounders. METHOD: The sample comprised 88 @entity3 @entity0 consecutively enrolled in a day hospital treatment program, and 116 healthy-weight controls. All @entity0 were female and a baseline assessment took place using an accelerometer (Actiwatch AW7) to measure physical activity, the @entity2 Inventory-2 and the @entity1 subscale of the Symptom Checklist-Revised. Outcome was evaluated upon the termination of the treatment program by expert clinicians. RESULTS: Although @entity3 @entity0 and controls did not differ in the average time spent in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) (P=.21), nor daytime physical activity (P=.34), fewer @entity3 @entity0 presented a high physical activity profile compared to the controls (37% vs. 61%, respectively; P=.014). Both lower levels of MVPA and greater eating disorder severity had a direct effect on a poor treatment outcome. @entity1 symptoms in the @entity0 were associated with lower MVPA, as well as with an older age, a shorter duration of the @entity2 psychopathology. CONCLUSIONS: There is a notable variation in the physical activity profile of @entity3 @entity0 , characterized by either low or very high patterns. Physical activity is a highly relevant issue in @entity3 that must be taken into account during the treatment process.

title: Physical XXXX : How relevant is it to therapy response?

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Long term effects of perineal @entity1 pose a major worldwide health issue for @entity0 during delivery. Since @entity2 is related to major obstacles in obstetrics the aim of this study was to determine the relationship between @entity2 and the occurrence of perineal @entity1 during vaginal delivery. METHODS: Between June 2013 and December 2013 pregnant @entity0 delivering after 37 weeks were recruited at one University hospital / tertiary care referral center in the course of this single-center, prospective cohort study. @entity2 was assessed according to Nugent score method. Logistic-regression model was used to estimate odds ratios, adjusted for other risk factors to test the relationship between @entity2 and the occurrence of 1st to 4th degree perineal @entity1 in @entity0 undergoing vaginal delivery. RESULTS: A total of 728 @entity0 were included, 662 analyzed with a complete Nugent Score of the vaginal swab. The prevalence of 1st to 4th degree perineal @entity1 was 35.8% (95% Confidence Interval (95%CI) = [32.2; 39.6]). The presence of BV was not significantly associated to the incidence of perineal @entity1 neither in the univariate analysis (crude Odds Ratio = 1.43; 95%CI = [0.79; 2.60]; p = 0.235) nor in the multivariate analysis (adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.65; 95%CI = [0.81; 3.36]; p = 0.167). Instrumental delivery was the most important risk factor for perineal lacerations. CONCLUSIONS: There is no evidence that @entity2 is a risk factor for vaginal @entity1 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov N   NCT01822782.

title: Impact of XXXX on Perineal Tears during Delivery: A Prospective Cohort Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: Preclinical studies have demonstrated significant @entity1 cell death when @entity3 is combined with radiation therapy. The optimal mode for concomitant delivery of drug and radiation therapy remains to be determined. A phase I/II study was undertaken to establish the maximum tolerated dose of infusional @entity3 when combined with radiation therapy in advanced @entity6 and to assess the response to treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five @entity0 with advanced or recurrent @entity6 were entered in this dose-escalation study. The initial dose of @entity3 was 50 mg/m2 as a 24-hour continuous intravenous infusion given weekly x 3 with concurrent radiation therapy. The @entity0 were given a week off chemotherapy after the third injection. The radiation therapy was continued during that week. @entity3 was thereafter resumed weekly for another 3 weeks or until the @entity0 completed the radiation therapy (whichever was earlier). Five @entity0 were treated at each dose level. The dose of the drug was escalated in increments of 50 mg/m2 if the @entity4 was acceptable at the previous level until the maximum tolerated dose was established. Thirteen @entity0 with advanced unresectable @entity2 and 12 @entity0 with advanced unresectable @entity1 were enrolled on the study. Radiation was delivered at 180 cGy/fraction to a total dose of 4000 cGy +/- boost. Because @entity4 was severe at the 150 mg/m2 dose level, three additional @entity0 were entered at this dose level. The dose was then dropped to 125 mg/m2, and five more @entity0 were entered at this dose level. Two additional @entity0 were then added in order to assess @entity4 . @entity0 follow-up ranged from 4 to 22 months, and the median was 8 months. RESULTS: All @entity0 were evaluable for @entity4 . The doses of 50 and 100 mg/m2 were well tolerated, but at 150 mg/m2, six of eight @entity0 experienced grade 3 or greater @entity4 . The dose was de-escalated to 125 mg/m2, and three of seven @entity0 showed grade 3 @entity5 and @entity7 . Clinical @entity1 response was evaluable in 20 @entity0 . Ten @entity0 had a complete clinical response (50%), five @entity0 had a partial response (25%), three @entity0 had no response, and two @entity0 had progression of disease. No @entity0 experienced late @entity4 related to either @entity3 administration or radiation therapy. Twelve @entity0 are currently alive. CONCLUSION: Based on these results, it appears that the maximum tolerated dose for weekly 24-hour infusion of @entity3 combined with radiation therapy is 100 mg/m2. @entity3 appears to be a potent radiation sensitizer, and when combined with radiation therapy, it has shown encouraging @entity1 responses. In this study, we found an overall response rate of 75% in @entity0 with locally advanced stage of disease. Further evaluation of @entity3 at 100 mg/m2 is being undertaken in preparation for a confirmatory multi-institutional phase II study.

title: Concurrent infusional XXXX and radiation in the treatment of advanced unresectable @entity1 : a phase I study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the advantages of parietal approach compared to Kocher's point approach for spontaneous, oval-shaped @entity3 ( @entity3 ) with expansion to the parietal region. METHODS: We divided @entity0 into two groups : group A had burr holes in the parietal bone and group B had burr holes at Kocher's point. The @entity2 volume, Glasgow @entity1 scale (GCS) score, and modified Barthel Index (mBI) score were calculated. At discharge, we evaluated the @entity0 ' Glasgow outcome scale (GOS) score, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, motor grade, and hospitalization duration. We evaluated the @entity0 ' mBI scores and motor grades at 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: The @entity2 volume in group A was significantly less than that in group B on postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 7, 14, and 21. Group A had significantly higher GCS scores than did group B on postoperative days 1 and 3. Group A had higher mBI scores postoperatively than did group B, but the scores were not significantly different. No differences were observed for the GOS score, mRS score, motor grade at discharge, or duration of hospitalization. The mBI score of group A at 6 months after surgery was significantly higher, and more @entity0 in group A showed muscle strength improvement. CONCLUSION: In oval-shaped @entity3 with expansion to the parietal region, the parietal approach is considered to improve the clinical symptoms at the acute phase by removing the @entity2 more effectively in the early stages. The parietal approach might help promote the long-term recovery of motor power.

title: Stereotactic XXXX Removal of Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage through Parietal Approach.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In exposing @entity1 for @entity2 with coronal, subciliary, subtarsal, and upper buccal sulcus approaches, the supraorbital and infraorbital nerves are susceptible to injury. The location of the supraorbital and infraorbital nerves can be predicted by palpating for the supraorbital notch. Significant @entity0 as seen with @entity1 can make these prominent bony landmarks difficult to palpate, however. The purpose of this study was to determine a method to predict the location of the supraorbital and infraorbital nerves in the face of frontal and periorbital @entity0 when the supraorbital and infraorbital nerves are not palpable. The supraorbital and infraorbital nerves were identified in 14 cadaver heads. The orbital width from the medial to lateral canthus was measured. The distance of the vertical vector of the supraorbital and infraorbital nerves from the medial canthus was measured along this horizontal vector of the orbit. The distance of the infraorbital nerve from the infraorbital rim was measured. The orbital width measured 42.2 +/- 1.6 mm from the medial to lateral canthus. The vertical vector of the supraorbital nerve measured 15.9 +/- 1.1 mm from the medial canthus along the horizontal vector of the orbit. The vertical vector of the infraorbital verve measured 16.8 +/- 1.4 mm from the medial canthus along the horizontal vector of the orbit. The infraorbital nerve measured 9.8 +/- 1.0 mm inferior to the infraorbital rim. The medial one third of the orbit measured 14.1 mm. Therefore, the supraorbital and infraorbital nerves are located approximately along the medial third of the orbit, with the upper bound of 95% confidence at 3.1 mm. The location of the supraorbital and infraorbital nerves can be predicted by the previous landmark ratio to within 3 mm.

title: XXXX approaches with landmark ratios to predict the location of the infraorbital and supraorbital nerves: an anatomic study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 is a relatively common @entity5 , associated with a variety of systemic complications. Long term follow-up is difficult because of the slow progression. The objective of this study was to determine survival, age at @entity2 and causes of @entity2 in @entity0 with the adult-onset type of @entity4 . A register of @entity4 @entity0 was set up in Southern Limburg (the Netherlands), using data longitudinally collected over a 47-year period (1950-97). Survival for 180 @entity0 (from the register) with adult-onset @entity4 was established by the Kaplan-Meier method. The median survival was 60 years for males and 59 years for females. Survival of the @entity0 was also estimated from the age of 15 years to the ages of 25, 45 and 65 years and compared with the expected survival of age- and sex-matched birth cohorts from the normal Dutch population. The observed survival to the ages of 25, 45 and 65 years was 99%, 88% and 18% compared with an expected survival of 99%, 95% and 78%, respectively. Thus, survival to the age of 65 in @entity0 with adult-onset @entity4 is markedly reduced. A weak positive correlation between the CTG repeat length and younger age at @entity2 was found in the 13 @entity0 studied (r = 0.50, P = 0.08). The cause of @entity2 could be determined in 70 of the 83 deceased @entity0 . @entity1 and @entity3 were the most frequent primary causes of @entity2 , each occurring in approximately 30%, which was far more than expected for the general Dutch population. In addition, we assessed mobility in the years before @entity2 in a subgroup of 18 @entity0 , as a reflection of the long-term physical handicap in @entity4 @entity0 . Half of the @entity0 studied were either partially or totally wheelchair-bound shortly before their @entity2 .

title: Age and causes of XXXX in adult-onset @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The long-term prognosis of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) complicated by @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the complications of @entity3 with CAAs. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and complications of 38 @entity3 @entity0 with CAAs who were treated and underwent regular follow-up with echocardiography between January 1989 and May 2013. RESULTS: During a period of 29 days to 19 years after disease onset, complications seen included @entity9 and @entity2 (six @entity0 ), @entity6 (17 @entity0 ), @entity5 (six @entity0 ), and @entity7 of CAAs (seven @entity0 ). Rupture of giant CAAs occurred in two @entity0 and caused @entity8 in one of these @entity0 at 29 days and in the other @entity0 at 5 months after disease onset. A total of seven @entity1 occurred, with five @entity1 caused by @entity5 . Three of these had undiagnosed incomplete @entity3 or had not received regular treatment, while two experienced @entity8 after several asymptomatic @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Cardiac complications of @entity3 with CAAs include @entity6 , @entity9 , @entity5 , @entity8 , and @entity7 . Although rare, rupture of giant CAAs is fatal and might occur earlier after the onset of disease. Mortality occurred primarily in the earlier cases when anticoagulant therapy was insufficient and in @entity0 who did not receive regular treatment. Echocardiography can provide reliable information for assessing the progression and prognosis of this condition.

title: Cardiac Complications in 38 Cases of @entity3 with XXXX Diagnosed by Echocardiography.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 is one of the most consulted symptoms among @entity0 evaluated at @entity1 centers and it is frequently related to @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Our hypothesis is that @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is the parameter with the greatest predictive value in the @entity2 diagnosis. We compared @entity0 with @entity2 diagnosis to a control group. In both groups we compared @entity1 with body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC), waist perimeter (WP). Anthropometric index (BMI, NC and WC), were similar in both groups (p < 0.10). When we analyzed @entity1 , a score greater than 10 was observed in the @entity2 group, with a significant difference between groups (p < 0.001). @entity1 yielded 60% of sensibility, 82% of specificity and a positive predictive value of 85%. The negative predictive value was 52%. Confidence index was 70%. The relationship between @entity2 and @entity1 scale was significant (Pearson Chi-Square value 7.5). Odds Ratio for @entity3 was 15 and its confidence interval was lower than 1.5 and upper than 141. We conclude that with @entity1 score exceeding 10 points @entity2 should be suspected.

title: [Epworth drowsiness scale XXXX ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The most common ocular side effect of glucocorticoid (GC) therapy is GC-induced @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). GC-induced @entity5 occurs in about 40% of the general population, while the other 60% are resistant. This study aims to determine the genes and pathways involved in differential GC responsiveness in the trabecular meshwork (TM). Using paired @entity1 eyes, one eye was perfusion-cultured with 100nM @entity2 ( @entity6 ), while the fellow eye was used to establish a @entity1 TM (BTM) cell strain. Based on maximum IOP change in the perfused eye, the BTM cell strain was identified as a @entity6 -responder or non-responder strain. Three responder and three non-responder BTM cell strains were cultured, treated with 0.1% @entity4 or 100nM @entity6 for 7 days. RNA and proteins were extracted for RNA sequencing (RNAseq), qPCR, and Western immunoblotting (WB), respectively. Data were analyzed using the @entity0 and @entity1 genome databases as well as Tophat2 software. Genes were grouped and compared using Student's t-test. We found that @entity6 induced @entity7 expression in responder BTM cells but not in non-responder cells using WB. RNAseq showed between 93 and 606 differentially expressed genes in different expression groups between responder and non-responder BTM cells. The data generated by RNAseq were validated using qPCR. Pathway analyses showed 35 pathways associated with differentially expressed genes. These genes and pathways may play important roles in GC-induced @entity5 and will help us to better understand differential ocular responsiveness to GCs.

title: A Comparison of Gene Expression Profiles between Glucocorticoid Responder and Non-Responder XXXX Trabecular Meshwork Cells Using RNA Sequencing.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Residual @entity2 after functional hemispherectomy occur in approximately 20% of @entity0 with @entity1 . These episodes are traditionally attributed to incomplete disconnection, persistent epileptogenic activity in the @entity3 , or bilateral independent epileptogenic activity. The authors report on the case of an 8-year-old @entity0 with an intractable @entity2 disorder who had @entity2 related to extensive unilateral left hemispheric @entity6 . The initial intervention consisted of extensive removal of the @entity1 tissue and multiple subpial transections of the @entity5 motor strip, guided by intraoperative electrocorticography. Subsequently, functional hemispherectomy including insular cortex resection was performed for persistent attacks. After a @entity2 -free period of 6 months, a new pattern ensued, consisting of an aura of fear, dystonic posturing of the right arm, and unusual postictal @entity7 coupled with an @entity4 . Electroencephalography and ictal/interictal single-photon emission computerized tomography were used to localize the residual @entity1 discharges to deep ipsilateral structures. Results of magnetic resonance imaging indicated a complete disconnection except for a strip of residual frontobasal tissue. Therefore, a volumetric resection of the epileptogenic frontal basal tissue up to the anterior commissure was completed. The @entity0 has remained free of @entity2 during 21 months of follow-up review. Standard hemispherectomy methods provide extensive disconnection, despite the presence of residual frontal basal cortex. However, rarely, and especially if it is @entity5 , this tissue can represent a focus for refractory @entity2 . This is an important consideration in determining the source of ongoing @entity2 posthemispherectomy in @entity0 with extensive @entity6 . It remains important to assess them fully before considering their disease refractory to surgical treatment.

title: Omental transplantation for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: SUMMARY: Correlated responses in pituitary gland weight and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) concentration in the serum and pituitary were studied in lines of @entity0 selected for growth rate, and in controls. The selection criteria were @entity1 between 28 and 38 days on an ad libitum feed intake (EPA line), or on intake restricted to 80% of the control @entity0 (EPR line), and @entity1 between 48 and 58 days under the above two feeding regimes ( @entity3 and @entity2 lines). The control line was maintained by random breeding. In generation 13, pituitary weight and @entity4 levels were determined at 38 days in lines EPA, EPR and the control and at 58 days in lines @entity3 , @entity2 and the control. Pituitary weight, corrected for body @entity1 , was smaller in the EPA line than in the control line at 38 days and was greater in the @entity2 line than in the control line at 58 days. There were large differences in serum @entity4 concentrations between the selected lines and the control; the differences were statistically significant at 38 days, with the EPA and EPR lines having lower levels than the controls. ZUSAMMENFASSUNG: Ver  nderung von Wachstumshormonspiegel bei Selektion f  r Zuwachs bei M  usen Ver  nderungen im Hypophysengewicht und Wachstumshormon-( @entity4 )-Konzentrationen im Serum und in der Hypophyse wurden bei Wachstumsselektionslinien und bei Kontrollm  usen untersucht. Selektionskriterien waren Zuwachs zwischen 28 und 38 Tagen bei ad libitum Futteraufnahme (EPA Linie) oder bei Linien, wo Futteraufnahme auf 80% derjenigen der Kontrollm  use (EPR Linie) begrenzt wurde und Zuwachs zwischen 48 und 58 Tagen unter beiden Futterweisen ( @entity3 und @entity2 Linie). Die Kontrollinie wurde durch Zufallspaarung fortgepflanzt. In Generation 13 wurden Hypophysengewicht und Wachstumshormonspiegel im Alter von 38 Tagen in Linien EPA, EPR und in Kontrollen und bei 58 Tagen in Linien @entity3 und @entity2 und Kontrollen bestimmt. Hypophysengewicht, korrigiert f  r Zuwachs, war geringer in der @entity3 Linie als in der Kontrolle bei 38 Tagen Alter und gr    er in der @entity2 Linie als in der Kontrolle bei 58 Tagen. Zwischen @entity4 Konzentrationen selektierter und Kontrollinien waren erhebliche Differenzen, die bei 38 Tagen signifikant waren, wobei EPA und EPR Linien geringere Werte als die Kontrollen aufwiesen.

title: Correlated responses in @entity4 to selection for @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: During pregnancy, the balanced dominance of the T helper17 response shifts to a @entity1 response that is characterised by the production of @entity6 , following the completion of the implantation process. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) expression is associated with the completion of trophoblast invasion and placental growth. This study assessed the effect of @entity2 on the levels of @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 in the plasma of pregnant @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: Seventeen pregnant BALB/C @entity0 were divided into two groups: @entity0 infected with @entity7 (treatment group) and uninfected @entity0 (control group). The @entity0 were sacrificed on day 18 post-mating. @entity8 was measured by Giemsa staining. The levels of @entity4 , @entity6 , and @entity5 were measured by ELISA. RESULTS: Using independent t test, the @entity4 levels in the treatment group were higher than those in the control group (= = 0.040). The @entity6 levels in the treatment group were lower than those in the control group (= = 0.00). There was no significant difference in the @entity5 levels (= = 0.055) between two groups. However, using SEM analysis the degree of @entity8 decreased the plasma @entity5 levels (tcount = 5.148; >=  ttable = 1.96). SEM analysis showed that a high degree of @entity8 increased the @entity4 levels and decreased the @entity6 and @entity5 levels. CONCLUSION: @entity2 during pregnancy interferes with the systemic balance by increasing the @entity4 levels and decreasing the @entity6 and @entity5 levels.

title: @entity8 Induces High Plasma Levels of XXXX ( @entity4 ) and Low Levels of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and Transforming Growth Factor-   (TGF-  ) in Pregnant @entity0 Infected with @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: This study examines the peripartum anesthetic management and outcomes of @entity0 with @entity2 in a large university medical centre over a seven-year period. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Twenty-five @entity0 were included in this series, 18 with a new diagnosis of @entity1 and seven with a history of @entity1 . Sixteen @entity0 (64%) identified themselves as African American, seven (28%) were Caucasian, and two @entity0 (8%) were Hispanic. The median (range) gestational age at the time of a new diagnosis of @entity1 was 29 (7-38) weeks. Eight @entity0 (32%) had New York Heart Association class III/IV symptoms at the time of delivery or in the immediate postpartum period. A multidisciplinary team of obstetricians, anesthesiologists, cardiologists, and pediatricians were involved in the care of these @entity0 . The median (range) gestational age at the time of delivery was 33.5 (30-40) weeks. There were nine vaginal deliveries and 15 operative deliveries. One @entity0 had fetal loss at 19  weeks gestation. Twelve @entity0 had labour induced with an intravenous infusion of @entity3 at a rate of 0.001-0.02  IU  @entity4 ). An @entity3 infusion at a variable rate with a maximum dose of 0.05  IU  @entity4 ) was administered after vaginal delivery to maintain uterine tone. Epidural analgesia was initiated prior to induction of labour or in the latent phase of labour. Seven Cesarean deliveries were performed under combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, five were performed under epidural anesthesia, and three @entity0 had general anesthesia. @entity3 was administered via an intravenous infusion at a rate of 0.05-0.2  IU  @entity4 ) after operative delivery. One @entity0 had a @entity5 on induction of general anesthesia and was successfully resuscitated. There were no maternal or neonatal deaths. Ten @entity0 were followed up at our institution and at six months postpartum; 50% of these @entity0 were still symptomatic. CONCLUSION: We report favourable outcomes in 25 pregnant @entity0 with @entity2 who were managed by a multidisciplinary team.

title: Anesthetic management and outcomes of parturients with XXXX in an academic centre.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the reaction of normal skin fibroblasts from different sites of @entity0 body to cyclic stretch. METHODS: The normal skin tissues from scapular upper back and medial side of upper arm of 3 @entity0 were cultured in vitro. Fibroblasts of experimental group were loaded by cyclic stretch with 10% amplitude for 24, 36, and 48 hours respectively. Fibroblasts of control group were cultured without cyclic stretch. The morphologic changes were observed using inverted microscope. CCK-8 method was used to detect the proliferation of the fibroblasts. The expressions of @entity1 mRNA, @entity5 ( @entity5 ) mRNA, @entity2 ( @entity2 ) mRNA, and @entity4 chain ( @entity4 ) mRNA were detected by real-time quantitative PCR. The protein levels of collagen type I and @entity2 were detected by ELISA. RESULTS: The cultured cells showed a significantly increased cell proliferation ability, and apparent orientation after the applied strain. The proliferation activity, mRNA expression levels of @entity1 , @entity5 , and @entity2 , protein levels of @entity2 in back skin were significantly higher than those in arm skin (P<0.05) when the fibroblasts were loaded for 36 and 48 hours, but no significant difference between back skin and arm skin at 24 hours (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in mRNA expression level of @entity4 and protein level of collagen type I between back skin and arm skin at 24, 36, and 48 hours (P>0.05). There was no significant difference in all above indexes between back skin and arm skin in control group (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Fibroblasts from scapular upper back and medial side of upper arm display different reactions to cyclic stretch, which indicates that there exists site difference in the reactions of fibroblasts to cyclic stretch. It might be related with the incidence of @entity3 in different sites of the body.

title: [REACTION OF XXXX FIBROBLASTS FROM DIFFERENT SITES TO THE MECHANICAL STRESS].

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study examines the use of commercially available automatic speech recognition (ASR) across microphone options as access to environmental control for individuals with and without @entity1 . A study of two groups of speakers (typical speech and @entity1 ), was conducted to understand their performance using ASR and various microphones for environmental control. Specifically, dependent variables examined included attempts per command, recognition accuracy, frequency of error type, and perceived workload. A further sub-analysis of the group of @entity0 with @entity1 examined the impact of severity. Results indicated a significantly larger number of attempts were required (P = 0.007), and significantly lower recognition accuracies were achieved by the dysarthric @entity0 (P = 0.010). A sub-analysis examining severity demonstrated no significant differences between the typical speakers and @entity0 with mild @entity1 . However, significant differences were evident (P = 0.007, P = 0.008) between mild and moderate-severe dysarthric @entity0 . No significant differences existed across microphones. A higher frequency of threshold errors occurred for typical @entity0 and no response errors for moderate-severe dysarthrics. There were no significant differences on the NASA Task Load Index.

title: Speech Recognition for Environmental Control: Effect of Microphone Type, XXXX , and Severity on Recognition Results.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We developed a @entity0 model of fast-strain @entity1 to examine the relationship between functional deficit and the degree of @entity1 . A single fast strain was applied to the right plantaris (Plt) muscle of adult male @entity0 . A tetanic contraction was induced by stimulating the sciatic nerve. Three types of @entity2 were produced by manipulating the timing of strain and contraction conditions, including applying the strain at: (1) the shortening phase (SP), (2) the full contraction phase (FCP) during tetanic contraction and (3) when the muscle is not contracting, i.e. non-contraction (NC). The contralateral Plt muscle was used as the control. Morphological and functional analysis were performed and the severity of @entity2 was estimated by measuring @entity3 labelling 48 h after the strain was applied. The results show a significant decrease in tension output in all three groups at 5 min after strain application (P < 0.01). The functional deficit lasted for 3 weeks in the NC group, while @entity0 of the SP and FCP groups showed recovery 1 week after strain. Increased uptake of @entity3 was similar in SP and FCP groups, but 3.5-fold higher in NC than in SP and FCP groups (P < 0.01). Histological analysis revealed an increase in the size of interstitial spaces of the muscle in NC compared to SP and FCP groups (P<0.05). Our results suggest that the contraction of muscle fibres limits the severity of connective tissue damage, and that @entity1 accompanied by disruption of the muscle connective tissue network requires a relatively longer recovery time.

title: Relationship between functional deficit and severity of experimental fast- @entity2 of XXXX skeletal muscle.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 is a common problem and, to date, there is no agent to preserve testicular function following detorsion. Platelet-rich plasma ( @entity12 ), with its rich growth factor composition, has proven beneficial in regenerative therapy. It is believed that @entity12 has not been studied in testis for @entity1 /reperfusion (I/R) injury. OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the effect of @entity12 in an I/R @entity0 model 1 month after detorsion. STUDY DESIGN: Of 24 adult male @entity0 , 18 were randomly assigned into three groups, with six in each: control, I/R and I/R  +  @entity12 . The @entity12 was prepared from the remaining six. Each group underwent right orchiectomy. @entity1 was performed by rotating the left testis 720   and fixing with a nylon suture for 4  h. Reperfusion occurred 4  h later by removing the suture, and @entity12 was administered at a dose of 10   l (2000  *  10(9)/l) into the left testis via the intraparenchymal route. Animals were sacrificed at the fourth week, and testes were taken for @entity4 ( @entity7 ), @entity8 ( @entity11 ), @entity2 dismutase (SOD), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity6 ( @entity6 ), and @entity10 measurements. RESULTS: @entity1 /reperfusion caused a significant increase in @entity7 , @entity5 and @entity10 activity, and significant decrease in @entity11 levels and SOD activity. The @entity12 treatment helped correct the alterations in SOD, @entity10 , and @entity5 activities and @entity7 levels. However, the mean @entity7 level and @entity5 activity were not totally restored compared with the controls. Serum @entity3 levels of the I/R group were significantly lower compared with the control and I/R  +  @entity12 groups. @entity6 and @entity10 protein expressions were significantly higher in the I/R group compared with the control group and were low with @entity12 administration compared with I/R groups (summary Table). DISCUSSION: The findings of the present study suggest that @entity12 , by inhibiting neutrophil infiltration and oxidative stress and increasing antioxidant defense, exerts protective effects on testicular tissues against I/R. This study had some limitations: a scoring system was not used in the assessment of spermatogenesis in the histopathological findings and specific testis cell types were not histologically assessed. CONCLUSIONS: In light of the biochemical, histological and, especially, hormonal findings, intraparenchymal @entity12 injection may have a protective effect in testicular tissue against I/R injury.

title: Effects of platelet-rich plasma against experimental XXXX /reperfusion injury in @entity0 testis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The activation of the clotting-fibrinolytic system in @entity3 @entity0 is common and represents an unfavorable clinical sign. @entity7 ( @entity7 ) is a sensitive marker of fibrinolysis. METHODS: The current study comprised 826 new @entity1 @entity0 seen consecutively in a single institution over a 10-year period (1992-2001). For each @entity0 , 31 variables, including @entity7 and survival duration, were available for analysis. RESULTS: Only weak relationships between @entity7 and the other variables were found. The @entity7 variable correlated best with the level of @entity5 dehydrogenase, performance status, tissue polypeptide antigen, stage of disease, and the number of @entity2 (rho = 0.33, -0.25, 0.18, 0.18, and 0.15, respectively). The @entity7 distinguished @entity0 with different prognoses. The median survival periods were 154 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 122-189 days) and 308 days (95% CI, 227-409 days; log rank statistic, 26.56; P < 0.01), respectively, for abnormally elevated and normal values. The difference was greater in @entity0 with @entity4 and in @entity0 presenting with a less @entity6 , especially in @entity0 with pathologic Stage Ia disease. The best multivariate survival model selected 10 significant covariates, including @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: The authors recommend measuring the plasma level of @entity7 in all new @entity1 @entity0 . This measurement may help to formulate individual prognoses and can be used to indicate adjuvant treatment for surgical @entity0 .

title: Plasma levels of @entity7 in XXXX : clinical and prognostic significance.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Most well-differentiated @entity0 ( @entity2 -NET) of the enteropancreatic system are low-intermediate grade (G1, G2). Elevated proliferation demonstrated by either a brisk mitotic rate (>20/10 high power fields) or high Ki-67 index (>20%) defines a group of @entity1 designated as high-grade (G3) @entity3 ( @entity3 ). High-grade @entity3 is equated with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and is associated with a dismal outcome. Progression of @entity2 to a high-grade neuroendocrine @entity0 very rarely occurs and their clinicopathologic and molecular features need to be characterized. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We investigated 31 cases of @entity2 with evidence of a component of a high-grade @entity0 . The primary sites included pancreas, small bowel, bile duct, and rectum. Histopathology of the cases was retrospectively reviewed and selected IHC and gene mutation analyses performed. RESULTS: The high-grade component occurred either within the primary @entity0 (48%) or at metastatic sites (52%). The clinical presentation, radiographic features, biomarkers, and the genotype of these @entity2 with high-grade component remained akin to those of G1-G2 @entity2 . The median disease-specific survival (DSS) was 55 months (16-119 months), and 2-year and 5-year DSS was 88% and 49%, respectively-significantly better than that of a comparison group of true @entity3 (DSS 11 months). CONCLUSIONS: Mixed grades can occur in @entity2 , which are distinguished from PD-NECs by their unique phenotype, proliferative indices, and the genotype. This phenomenon of mixed grade in @entity2 -NET provides additional evidence to the growing recognition that the current WHO G3 category contains both @entity2 as well as PD-NECs. Clin Cancer Res; 1-7.   2015 AACR.

title: Well-Differentiated XXXX with a Morphologically Apparent High-Grade Component: A Pathway Distinct from Poorly Differentiated @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Coincidental occurrence of @entity8 with symptoms associated with an @entity1 is called @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Although @entity6 has been recognized for several years and has been reported in many documents, @entity6 induced by @entity7 ( @entity7 ), to the authors' knowledge, has not been reported. CASE REPORT: The @entity0 was a 31-year-old @entity0 who suffered from chronic @entity2 for nearly 3  years. Her @entity2 became more serious 1  week before this visit and was accompanied by repeated attacks of @entity3 . Autologous serum skin test and serum anti-high affinity immunoglobulin E receptor antibody test were positive for @entity7 . Her coronary artery pathological changes were confirmed by electrocardiogram (ECG), @entity12 ( @entity12 ) value, and angiocardiography. The @entity0 was diagnosed with @entity6 . After being treated with @entity13 , glucocorticoids, and @entity4 , the @entity0 did not relapse during the first year of follow-up. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: When seeing a @entity0 with intermittent exacerbations of chronic @entity2 accompanied by repeated attacks of @entity3 , emergency physicians should consider the diagnosis of @entity6 . It is important to monitor changes in the  ECG and @entity12 value. Angiocardiography is necessary to eliminate @entity5 or @entity9 . Second-generation antihistamines and glucocorticoids are effective in the treatment of @entity7 and also alleviate @entity11 . Another important consideration for the emergency physician is the fact that some first-generation antihistamines have the side effect of @entity10 , so it is better not to use these drugs to treat @entity2 if @entity6 is suspected.

title: Kounis Syndrome Caused by XXXX : A Case Report.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the association between @entity8 and @entity1 , taking into account the effect of B group vitamin (BGV) deficiency. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Memory Clinic, S. Anna University Hospital, Ferrara, Italy. @entity0 : Elderly individuals (>= 65) (N  =  318; 44 normal cognition, 127 with @entity1 , 147 with @entity2 ) divided into four groups according to plasma @entity4 (high vs normal) and BGV (normal vs deficit) levels. MEASUREMENTS: Cognitive, clinical, biochemical, functional, and neuroimaging parameters were evaluated. RESULTS: @entity8 (>15   mol/L) was associated with a higher prevalence of @entity1 and @entity2 (odds ratio (OR)  =  1.98, 95% confidence interval (CI)  =  1.13-3.48), independent of BGV status and other confounders. @entity0 with @entity8 with normal BGV status had the worst functional status and the highest prevalence of @entity2 (high @entity4 /normal BGV vs normal @entity4 /normal BGV: OR  =  3.20, 95% CI  =  1.65-6.21). @entity4 levels were correlated negatively with @entity5 and @entity7 levels and glomerular filtration rate and positively with free @entity6 and @entity3 levels (model coefficient of determination  =  0.43). CONCLUSION: @entity8 was associated with worse cognitive and functional status and @entity2 independently of BGV levels. Approximately half of @entity0 with @entity8 had normal BGV levels, suggesting that other unmeasured factors might be associated with high @entity4 levels.

title: Cognitive Status According to XXXX and B-Group Vitamins in Elderly Adults.

answer: @entity4


abstract: We have observed pigmented cytoplasmic granules, with the characteristic staining properties of lipofuscin ( @entity6 , "wear-and-tear") pigment, in newborn @entity0 liver. The pigment is found at the periphery of the lobule in hepatocytes and some bile ductular cells. It is acid-fast, PAS-positive after diastase digestion, slightly argyophilic and sudanophilic, and markedly Schmorl's- and peroxidase positive in paraffin sections. Difficult to see in sections stained with @entity3 and @entity4 , the pigment can be detected in unstained sections. The granules also resemble lipofuscin found in adult tissues, in their ultra-structural and enzymatic properties. They are polymorphic, contain granular material of moderate and high electron opacity, and are delimited by a single membrane. Acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase activities are visualized in the newborn granules, identifying them as lysosomes. The granules also contain @entity2 and, to a much lesser extent, @entity1 . The accumulation of @entity5 pigment in lysosomes in many tissues correlates well with aging, and this process has been interpreted as a reflection of cellular degeneration or wear-and-tear. However, the presence of lipofuscin granules as a constant component of neonatal liver suggests that they are not a measure of cellular senescence.

title: @entity5 (aging) pigment granules of the newborn XXXX liver.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term results of balloon dacryocystoplasty in the treatment of @entity4 due to obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One @entity2 in 84 @entity0 with complete or @entity3 of the lacrimal sac and duct were selected for dacryocystoplasty. A catheter with a balloon diameter of 3 mm was used. Follow-up was 5-48 months. No stents were placed. A Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to evaluate patency. RESULTS: The long-term primary patency rate was 70% +/- 7 (+/- standard error). Repeat dacryocystoplasty was successful in 10 of the 11 cases with initial failure or reobstruction during follow-up, which yielded a long-term secondary patency rate of 81% +/- 7. There was no association between the length of the obstruction or the duration of symptoms before dacryocystoplasty and the initial and long-term success. Initial and long-term success was statistically significantly higher in dacryocystoplasty for an @entity3 rather than for a @entity3 . CONCLUSION: The long-term results of dacryocystoplasty, followed if necessary by repeat dacryocystoplasty, are good. Dacryocystoplasty is a safe and simple procedure and could become the treatment of choice for @entity4 due to obstruction of the nasolacrimal ducts. Dacryocystorhinostomy is indicated when dacryocystoplasty or repeat dacryocystoplasty fails or when dacryocystoplasty is contraindicated (e.g., in anatomic @entity1 in the lacrimal duct or bony canal).

title: Obstructed nasolacrimal duct system in XXXX : long-term results of dacryocystoplasty by means of balloon dilation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute @entity1 wards manage @entity0 whose actions may threaten safety (conflict). Staff act to avert or minimise harm (containment). The Safewards model enabled the identification of ten interventions to reduce the frequency of both. OBJECTIVE: To test the efficacy of these interventions. DESIGN: A pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial with @entity1 hospitals and wards as the units of randomisation. The main outcomes were rates of conflict and containment. @entity0 : Staff and @entity0 in 31 randomly chosen wards at 15 randomly chosen hospitals. RESULTS: For shifts with conflict or containment incidents, the experimental condition reduced the rate of conflict events by 15% (95% CI 5.7-23.7%) [corrected] relative to the control intervention. The rate of containment events for the experimental intervention was reduced by 23.2% (95% CI 9.9-35.5%). [corrected] CONCLUSIONS: Simple interventions aiming to improve staff relationships with @entity0 can reduce the frequency of conflict and containment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: IRSCTN38001825.

title: Reducing conflict and containment rates on acute XXXX wards: The Safewards cluster randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity2 remains a major cause of @entity1 in Japan. We have implanted autologous bone marrow-derived cells locally into the ischaemic region as a therapy in addition to coronary artery bypass grafting since 1999. We describe the outcomes of our cell therapy for @entity2 . METHODS: Eleven @entity0 underwent local implantation of bone marrow-derived cells into the ischaemic region during coronary artery bypass grafting. Clinical outcomes during the acute and chronic phases were recorded. RESULTS: In the acute phase, no adverse effects were observed. Left ventricular ejection fraction values were not significantly different before and after treatment. Seven of the 11 @entity0 showed improved blood perfusion in the area of cell therapy 1 month after treatment. In the chronic phase, 5 of 11 @entity0 exhibited improved regional blood flow 1 year after treatment. Overall survival at 1, 5 and 10 years was 100%, 83.3% and 83.3%, respectively. Freedom from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events at 1, 5 and 10 years was 100%, 80.8% and 80.8%, respectively. Death from all causes or freedom from major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events at 1, 5 and 10 years was 100%, 64.6% and 64.6%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Local implantation of bone marrow-derived cells in @entity0 with @entity2 is safe and feasible. Cell therapy is a therapeutic option for otherwise untreatable @entity2 .

title: Short- and long-term outcomes of intramyocardial implantation of autologous bone marrow-derived cells for the treatment of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 ( @entity8 ) is a novel anti-fibrotic agent that can prevent and even reverse extracellular matrix accumulation in several organs, as shown by experimental and clinical studies. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a well-characterized model of experimental @entity0 culminating in tubulointerstitial @entity2 . METHODS: @entity5 or sham-operated @entity1 were administered @entity8 (500 mg/kg/day) in their food for 21 days to examine the effect on collagen production. The renal function was measured in the kidney after release of obstruction which had been maintained for one week to examine the effects of @entity8 on restoration after @entity0 . RESULTS: The collagen content detected by @entity4 progressively increased in kidney with @entity5 for 21 days. These increases were significantly suppressed by administration of @entity8 . @entity8 had no effect on collagen production in sham-operated @entity1 . Expression of mRNA for type IV and I collagen and matrix metalloproteinase-2 in the cortex increased with @entity5 , but was inhibited by @entity8 treatment. The levels of cortical transforming growth factor-beta ( @entity6 ) mRNA progressively rose with @entity5 for 21 days, but this increase also could be suppressed by @entity8 . Inulin clearance of the obstructed kidney was markedly depressed and remained low at five weeks after release. A progressive increase in @entity4 content was also observed in the post-obstructed kidney despite the release of obstruction. Administration of @entity8 following the release not only attenuated collagen accumulation, but also induced recovery of the @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that @entity8 can attenuate both @entity0 and @entity0 in this model, and suggest that @entity8 can be clinically useful for preventing progressive, irreversible @entity3 .

title: XXXX improves renal function and @entity2 in the post-obstructed kidney.

answer: @entity7


abstract: The @entity3 is unique among birds in having complete separation of urine and faeces. The coprodeal epithelium is thus during dehydration exposed to a fluid 500 mOsm hyperosmotic to plasma. We have investigated whether the coprodeum is adapted like a @entity0 bladder. The coprodeal epithelium was studied by electrophysiology in the Ussing chamber, and the anatomy by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY: The short-circuit current (SCC) and open circuit electrical potential difference were recorded. The change induced by 0.1 mmol mucosal @entity2 was recorded. An average basal SCC of 162+/-29 microA/cm(2) was observed, and a resistance of 297+/-34 Omega cm(2) calculated. These values are as observed in other avian coprodea. The resistance is much lower than in @entity0 bladders (10000 Omega cm(2)). The @entity2 -sensitive SCC, equal to net @entity1 absorption, was approximately 5 micromol/cm(2)h as observed in other avian species. ANATOMY: The mucosal membrane is composed of broad irregular folds with very short intestinal glands containing an unusually high proportion of goblet cells. CONCLUSION: The @entity3 coprodeum is not adapted like a @entity0 bladder. The abundance of goblet cells results in a copious secretion of mucus that establishes a thick unstirred layer giving effective osmotic protection.

title: Does the XXXX ( @entity3 ) coprodeum have the electrophysiological properties and microstructure of other birds?

answer: @entity3


abstract: Somatic forward genetic screens have the power to interrogate thousands of genes in a single animal. Retroviral and transposon mutagenesis systems in @entity2 have been designed and deployed in somatic tissues for surveying hematopoietic and solid @entity1 formation. In the context of @entity1 , the ability to visually mark mutant cells would present tremendous advantages for identifying @entity1 formation, monitoring @entity1 growth over time, and tracking @entity1 infiltrations and metastases into wild-type tissues. Furthermore, locating mutant clones is a prerequisite for screening and analyzing most other somatic phenotypes. For this purpose, we developed a system using the piggyBac (PB) transposon for somatic mutagenesis with an activated reporter and tracker, called PB-SMART. The PB-SMART @entity2 genetic screening system can simultaneously induce somatic mutations and mark mutated cells using bioluminescence or fluorescence. The marking of mutant cells enable analyses that are not possible with current somatic mutagenesis systems, such as tracking cell proliferation and @entity1 growth, detecting @entity1 cell infiltrations, and reporting tissue mutagenesis levels by a simple ex vivo visual readout. We demonstrate that PB-SMART is highly mutagenic, capable of @entity1 induction with low copy transposons, which facilitates the mapping and identification of causative insertions. We further integrated a conditional transposase with the PB-SMART system, permitting tissue-specific mutagenesis with a single cross to any available Cre line. Targeting the germline, the system could also be used to conduct F1 screens. With these features, PB-SMART provides an integrated platform for individual investigators to harness the power of somatic mutagenesis and phenotypic screens to decipher the genetic basis of @entity0 biology and disease.

title: piggyBac transposon somatic mutagenesis with an activated reporter and tracker (PB-SMART) for genetic screens in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Central @entity8 (CRVO) is a common @entity5 associated with conditions such as @entity2 , @entity1 , @entity4 , and a wide variety of @entity7 . @entity6 ( @entity6 ) represents an important vision-threatening complication of CRVO. There is no proven treatment; laser photocoagulation is not effective in treating @entity6 @entity0 secondary to CRVO. Intravitreal @entity3 , such as @entity9 , have been utilized to treat macular @entity0 stemming from a variety of etiologies and may represent a treatment option for CRVO- @entity6 . OBJECTIVES: The objective of this review was to explore the effectiveness and safety of intravitreal @entity3 in the treatment of CRVO- @entity6 . SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library Issue 4, 2008), MEDLINE (January 1950 to November 2008) and EMBASE (January 1980 to November 2008). There were no language or date restrictions in the search for trials. The electronic databases were last searched on 5 November 2008. For all included primary studies, we used The Science Citation Index and manually reviewed reference lists to identify other possible relevant trials. We contacted researchers in the field, currently working on a randomized controlled trial (RCT) on this topic (The Standard Care versus Corticosteroid for @entity8 - SCORE study), for information on additional current, past, or unpublished trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: We considered RCTs that compared intravitreal @entity3 of any dosage/duration to observation in the treatment of CRVO- @entity6 for inclusion in this review. We focused on studies that included individuals of any age or gender with unilateral or bilateral disease, with a minimum of six months follow up. Secondarily we considered non-randomized studies with the same criteria for description of evidence, however we did not conduct a separate electronic search for finding all non-randomized studies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We found no RCTs that met the inclusion criteria after independent and duplicate review of the search results. MAIN RESULTS: We found no relevant RCTs and therefore performed no meta-analysis. Evidence from non-randomized studies is reported in this review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is inadequate evidence for the use of intravitreal @entity3 for CRVO- @entity6 due to a paucity of RCTs and well-designed observational studies on the topic; therefore, it is still an experimental procedure.

title: Intravitreal @entity3 versus observation for macular @entity0 secondary to central XXXX .

answer: @entity8


abstract: BACKGROUND: A 64-year-old @entity0 was admitted to our hospital with significant @entity2 and symptoms of @entity6 . He had normocytic @entity3 and @entity7 in peripheral blood. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Further haematological and endocrinological investigations were performed. RESULTS: Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed @entity10 . Immunophenotyping and cytogenetics did not provide evidence of primary @entity1 . Endocrinological testing demonstrated secondary @entity8 . Magnetic resonance imaging of the sella turcica showed an @entity9 . @entity5 substitution eliminated the symptoms of the @entity0 and normalised his peripheral blood values. The disturbed maturity and @entity4 of the bone marrow were also normalised. INTERPRETATION: Normalisation of haematopoiesis after @entity5 substitution indicates that @entity5 plays an important role in the regulation of haematopoiesis. @entity9 with isolated ACTH @entity5 deficiency is a very rare cause of disturbed haematopoiesis.

title: [ XXXX and @entity7 in primary @entity9 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity10 , the sole known signaling receptor for the TNF family member @entity9 , is inducibly expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) in endothelial cells, astrocytes, microglia, and neurons. There is increasing recognition of the importance of the @entity9 / @entity10 pathway in @entity7 , including experimental autoimmune @entity4 and @entity8 . Previously, we had found that @entity10 knockout lupus-prone MRL/lpr @entity0 display significantly attenuated neuropsychiatric manifestations. To investigate whether this improvement in disease is secondary to inhibition of @entity9 / @entity10 signaling within the CNS or the periphery, and determine whether @entity9 -mediated neuropsychiatric effects are strain dependent, we performed intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of Fc- @entity9 or an isotype matched control protein to C57Bl6/J non-autoimmune @entity0 . We found that Fc- @entity9 injected C57Bl6/J @entity0 developed significant @entity3 -like behavior and @entity1 . Inflammatory mediators associated with @entity2 , including @entity5 , C3, and iNOS, were significantly elevated in the brains of Fc- @entity9 treated @entity0 . Furthermore, Fc- @entity9 directly increased blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability, as demonstrated by increased IgG deposition in the brain and reduced @entity11 expression. Finally, Fc- @entity9 increased apoptotic cell death in the cortex and hippocampus. In conclusion, @entity9 can contribute to lupus-associated @entity6 including @entity3 and @entity1 by acting within the CNS to enhance production of inflammatory mediators, promote disruption of the BBB, and induce apoptosis in resident brain cells. Our study provides further support that the @entity9 / @entity10 signaling pathway may be a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory diseases involving the CNS.

title: Intracerebroventricular administration of TNF-like weak inducer of apoptosis induces @entity3 -like behavior and @entity1 in non-autoimmune XXXX .

answer: @entity0