abstract: Detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species in animals and tick vectors is crucial for an understanding of the epidemiology of diseases caused by these pathogens. In this study, a pair of primers designated EBR2 and EBR3 was designed from the Anaplasma 16S rDNA sequence and was used along with a previously described primer EHR 16SD for the simultaneous detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species by nested PCR. The primers were used to amplify 925bp of DNA from known species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. Restriction with MboII and MspI enzymes allowed Ehrlichia and Anaplasma speciation. Restriction with MboII differentiated between An. marginale, Anaplasma (formerly Ehrlichia) sp. Omatjenne, and An. centrale with An. marginale and Anaplasma (formerly Ehrlichia) sp. Omatjenne yielding 2 distinct fragments each while An. centrale produced 3 distinct bands. @entity3 and An. phagocytophylum remained undigested. Subsequent restriction with MspI differentiated @entity3 from An. phagocytophylum with 2 and 4 fragments, respectively. When used on tick samples from the field, 63 ticks (16.4%) out of 384 collected from @entity0 and @entity2 were positive for one or more species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma. The positivity ranged from 6.3% at Andasa to 36.7% at Habernosa. Higher overall infection rates were found in Amblyomma lepidum than in Amblyomma variegatum ticks (p=0.009). Amblyomma lepidum from Habernosa were more often infected with all detected species of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia than Am. variegatum. At Bako, however, Anaplasma (formerly Ehrlichia) sp. Omatjenne was detected only in Am. variegatum. A significantly higher proportion of ticks collected from @entity0 (20.6%) was found positive than in those collected from @entity2 (3.3%) (p=0.003). Simultaneous detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species and correct identification of @entity1 was possible. Since the ticks were collected from animals, the occurrence of the major species of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma in ruminants in the area is confirmed.

title: Improved molecular detection of Ehrlichia and Anaplasma species applied to Amblyomma ticks collected from XXXX and @entity2 in Ethiopia.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 -( @entity3 )-based chemoradiotherapy defines the current gold standard for the treatment of newly diagnosed @entity1 . Data regarding the influence of @entity3 dose density during chemoradiotherapy are currently not available. We retrospectively compared outcomes in @entity0 receiving no @entity3 , @entity3 during radiotherapy on radiotherapy days only, and @entity3 constantly 7  days a  week. @entity0 AND METHODS: From 2002-2012, a  total of 432 @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity1 received radiotherapy in our department: 118  @entity0 had radiotherapy alone, 210 had chemoradiotherapy with @entity3 (75   mg/m(2)) daily (7/7), and 104 with @entity3 only on radiotherapy days (5/7). Radiotherapy was applied to a  total dose of 60   Gy. RESULTS: Median survival after radiotherapy alone was 9.1  months, compared to 12.6  months with 5/7- @entity3 and to 15.7  months with 7/7- @entity3 . The 1  -year survival rates were 33, 52, and 64%, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a  significant improvement of @entity3 -7/7 vs. 5/7 (p  = 0.01 by the log-rank test), while 5/7- @entity3 was still superior to no @entity3 at all (p  = 0.02). Multivariate Cox regression showed a  significant influence of @entity3 regimen (p  = 0.009) on hazard rate (+58% between groups) even in the presence of confounding factors age, sex, resection status, and radiotherapy dose concept. CONCLUSION: Our results confirm the findings of the EORTC/NCIC trial. It seems that also a  reduced @entity3 scheme can at first prolong the survival of @entity1 @entity0 , but not as much as the daily administration.

title: @entity2 during radiotherapy of XXXX multiforme : Daily administration improves survival.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether mutations in the @entity6 gene play a role in the development of @entity3 with a @entity4 phenotype. We analyzed a total of 60 @entity1 specimens, 49 @entity3 and 11 concurrent @entity7 from 49 @entity0 . Fourteen @entity3 and 6 @entity7 showed a @entity4 -high phenotype. @entity1 and normal-tissue specimens from eight @entity0 with a @entity4 -high phenotype @entity2 were included in this study as controls. The presence or absence of a mutation in the poly (G) 8 tract of the @entity6 gene was determined by polymerase chain reaction followed by direct DNA sequence analysis. A 1-base pair deletion at the poly (G) 8 tract and no expression of @entity6 and @entity5 proteins were identified in one @entity4 -high @entity7 . Immunohistochemical staining for @entity6 and @entity5 proteins was negative on the @entity1 specimen that had this 1-base pair deletion. No mutations were found in the synchronous @entity4 -high @entity3 from the same @entity0 . In contrast, four (50%) of the eight @entity4 -high sporadic @entity2 had a mutation in the poly (G) 8 tract. Although @entity6 plays an important role in carcinogenesis of the colorectum with @entity4 -high phenotype, @entity6 may not play a direct role in the genesis of @entity3 , regardless of @entity4 status.

title: Frameshift mutations in the @entity6 gene are not involved in development of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study was designed to clarify the clinical and pathologic features of diffusely infiltrative @entity3 of the esophagus. Diffusely infiltrative @entity3 were classified grossly into two types, namely, @entity4 and @entity1 . There were seven @entity0 with the former type and three with the latter type. @entity4 was associated with a prominently thickened esophageal wall with strictures, whereas @entity1 demonstrated thickening of the esophageal wall without strictures. Microscopically, all @entity0 had lymph node metastases and lymphatic invasion. Blood vessel invasion was found in seven @entity0 and extranodal invasion was found in seven. The prognosis of @entity0 with both types of @entity1 was extremely poor. Only two @entity0 who underwent curative surgery as well as chemoradiotherapy survived for more than 1 year. Therefore, further morphological studies on the early stages of diffusely infiltrating @entity2 should be performed. New treatment strategies such as intensive preoperative chemoradiotherapy based on sensitivity tests in individual @entity0 will be required for treating the advanced stages of this disease.

title: Diffusely infiltrative XXXX of the esophagus.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: Radial @entity3 is common during transradial procedures and is the most common cause of procedural failure. The objectives of this study were to assess whether the routine administration of sedation at the beginning of transradial coronary angiography with the use of hydrophilic-coated and smaller sheaths/catheters would reduce the incidence of @entity3 . @entity0 AND METHODS: @entity0 undergoing transradial coronary angiography were prospectively randomized to receive @entity1 during the procedure or no sedative treatment. The primary endpoint was angiographically confirmed @entity3 . Stenosis of the radial artery was measured with a computer-assisted quantification method. RESULTS: In all, 150 @entity0 were randomized into a treatment group and a control group. @entity2 occurred in 15 @entity0 of the treatment group (20   %) versus 16 in the control group (21.3   %). There were no differences between the two groups regarding the incidence of @entity2 and the distribution of @entity2 severity (p   >   0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of 30-day mortality or repeat hospitalization for any cause (p   >   0.05). CONCLUSION: Routine use of @entity1 could not reduce the occurrence of @entity3 during transradial coronary angiography.

title: Procedural sedation during transradial coronary angiography to prevent XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: A bulimic @entity2 model was used to test whether type and frequency of food intake mimicking that in @entity0 @entity4 could disrupt oestrous cyclicity, induce an effect on glycoprotein (LH) structure, or affect both processes and if so, to determine whether any such effects were acute, or persisted after return to normal eating patterns. @entity5 was induced by offering female @entity2 a varied and palatable choice of @entity0 food items--the 'cafeteria diet'. There were four groups: control (normal chow), @entity1 (continuous cafeteria diet), @entity1 (cafeteria diet, then fasted to reduce weight to that of controls) and binge (cafeteria alternated with normal diet every few days). Animals were maintained on these diets for 60 days (phase I). They were then given a @entity3 challenge on day 2 of dioestrus of the cycle. Twenty-four hours later, half of the animals in each group were killed for assessment of effects on their reproductive organs. The remaining animals were returned to normal diets and kept for a further 40 days, when the @entity3 challenge was repeated and the animals were killed 24 h later (phase II). All animals on the cafeteria diet in phase I exhibited significant disruption of oestrous cyclicity irrespective of body weight. LH released in response to the first @entity3 challenge showed a prolonged half-life, and/or increased rate of secretion in the @entity1 groups but in the binge group the secretory/clearance properties resembled those of control animals. After the second @entity3 challenge at the end of phase II, however, the LH of the binge group appeared to have different secretory or clearance characteristics, whereas that of the previously @entity1 animals had returned to normal. These data show ovarian cyclicity was disrupted by @entity5 and irregular eating, even at normal body weight. Relating ovarian function to pituitary output in terms of LH, the effects of the continuous cafeteria diet did not appear to persist in the animals that returned to normal diets, but in the binge group the effect, presumably of the diet manipulation, was manifested after return to a normal eating pattern. This finding suggests that irregular eating habits may exert a direct (and acute) effect on the ovary, but that effects on the pituitary (and LH glycoforms) take longer to be expressed, explaining many features of @entity4 .

title: Diet-induced loss of cyclic ovarian function at normal body weight in a rodent model for XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cellular function, cell viability and the cytokine network of @entity0 monocytes are influenced by the specific composition of peritoneal dialysis (PD) fluids. In an in vitro study using isolated @entity0 blood monocytes, we investigated the effect of peritoneal dialysates containing @entity9 ( @entity8 ) or @entity4 polymer ( @entity3 -poly) instead of @entity4 ( @entity3 ) as the osmotic agent, and @entity11 (Bic) or PBS instead of @entity7 (Lac) as a buffer. METHODS: The following parameters were studied: mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (using the @entity2 assay), @entity5 and @entity6 release (ELISA) and cellular @entity5 mRNA expression after lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation (using RT-PCR). FACS flow cytometry with annexin V and @entity10 as markers and fluorescence microscopic methods were used to study the effects of the test fluids on cell @entity1 and apoptosis. RESULTS: @entity3 /Lac pH 5.5 and @entity3 -poly/PBS pH 7.4 both significantly reduced mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity by more than 50% after 60 minutes of incubation (30.5 +/- 7.6%, 42.5 +/- 6.5%, referred to RPMI 1640 as 100%). Amino/Bic and @entity3 /Bic were both superior (Mtt assay > 63%). The rate of @entity1 cells after 15 minutes of incubation measured by FACS was mostly increased with @entity3 /Lac pH 5.5 (29.9 +/- 4.0%). The rate of apoptotic cells, however, was not significantly different between the test solutions. The concentration of @entity5 in the supernatant of stimulated monocytes was highest with @entity3 /Bic (1023 +/- 278 pg/ml) and Amino/Bic (776 +/- 296 pg/ml) an lowest with @entity3 /lac pH 5.5 (46 +/- 22 pg/ml) and @entity3 -poly/PBS (32 +/- 13 pg/ml). @entity6 release from stimulated monocytes showed a similar pattern. @entity3 -poly/PBS showed a suppressive effect on @entity5 mRNA expression (ratio @entity5 /beta-Actin, 0.4 +/- 0.25 vs. RPMI 1.5 +/- 3.6). CONCLUSIONS: @entity11 buffered solutions both with @entity4 or @entity9 as osmotic agents were superior when regarding cell metabolism, viability and cytokine release, while @entity7 buffered solutions and @entity3 -poly/PBS showed some reduced biocompatibility pattern for monocytes in vitro.

title: Effect of alternative peritoneal dialysis solutions on cell viability, apoptosis/ @entity1 and cytokine expression in XXXX monocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate bone formation/osseointegration following surgical treatment of experimental @entity4 at dental implants with different surface characteristics exposed to ligature induced breakdown conditions. METHODS: Ten turned (control), 10 sandblasted/acid etched (SA) and 10 SA/ @entity3 nano-coated (HA) implants were installed into the edentulated posterior mandible in five @entity1 and allowed to osseointegrate for 12 weeks. Ligature induced @entity0 were then induced over 23 weeks using stainless steel wire ligatures. The ligatures were removed and soft tissues allowed to heal for 3 weeks. Next, exposed implant surfaces were decontaminated followed by guided bone regeneration using a collagen membrane and submerged wound healing. The animals were euthanized for histometric analysis at 12 weeks postsurgery. RESULTS: The radiographic analysis showed vertical @entity2 following ligature induced breakdown without statistically significant differences among implant technologies. The histometric analysis showed significantly enhanced bone formation (height) at SA and SA/HA compared with turned implants (p = 0.028) following reconstructive surgery. Bone formation area was greater at SA/HA compared with turned implants, however the difference did not reach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: While ligature induced defect progression does not appear implant surface dependent in this animal model, bone formation at the decontaminated implant surfaces appears more favorable at SA and SA/HA over turned implants following reconstructive surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Bone reconstruction after surgical treatment of Experimental @entity4 at a Sandblasted/Acid Etched XXXX Coated Implant: An Experimental Study in the @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess whether @entity1 ( @entity1 ) at baseline is associated with improvement in @entity2 and disability at 3 months. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four hundred twenty-two subacute and chronic @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) were recruited in 32 physiotherapy, primary care, and specialized centers. @entity5 , referred @entity2 , disability, catastrophizing, @entity3 , and @entity1 were assessed through validated questionnaires, upon recruitment and 3 months later. Correlations between baseline scores were calculated through the Spearman coefficient. Improvements in @entity5 , disability, and @entity1 were defined as a reduction of >= 30% of baseline score. Six estimative logistic regression models were developed to assess the association between baseline @entity1 and improvement of @entity5 , baseline @entity1 and improvement of disability, baseline @entity5 and improvement of @entity1 , baseline disability and improvement of @entity1 , the evolutions of @entity5 and @entity1 , and the evolutions of disability and @entity1 . RESULTS: Most @entity0 were subacute and mildly impaired. @entity4 models showed that better @entity1 at baseline was associated with improvement of @entity5 (odds ratio=0.91 [95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.99]), but not disability (1.04 [0.95-1.13]); the improvement of @entity1 was associated with more severe @entity5 at baseline (1.26 [1.07-1.49)], but not with baseline disability (0.99 [0.97-1.02]); and that improvement in @entity1 was associated with improvements in @entity5 (3.48 [1.68-7.20]), and disability (5.02 [2.39-10.11]). DISCUSSION: @entity5 is less likely to improve in @entity0 with poorer @entity1 , irrespective of age, sex, catastrophizing, @entity3 , or treatments prescribed for @entity5 . Future studies should confirm these results with more severely impaired @entity0 .

title: @entity0 With XXXX are Less Likely to Improve if They Experience Poor Sleep Quality: A Prospective Study in Routine Practice.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity0 presenting with threatened @entity1 , both fetal fibronectin and sonographic measurement of cervical length have been shown to distinguish between true and false labor. The aim of this study was to determine whether the combination of both tests provides a better prediction than the individual tests alone. METHODS: We examined 195 @entity0 with singleton pregnancies presenting at 24-36 (median 31) weeks of gestation with regular and painful uterine contractions, intact membranes and cervical dilatation of less than 3 cm. On admission to the hospital fetal fibronectin positivity in cervicovaginal secretions was determined and transvaginal sonographic measurement of cervical length was carried out. The results were not made available to the attending obstetrician. The primary outcome measure was delivery within 7 days of presentation. RESULTS: Delivery within 7 days occurred in 51.4% (18 of 35) of those with cervical length below 15 mm and 0.6% (1 of 160) of those with cervical length of 15 mm or more, in 21.2% (18 of 85) of the fibronectin positive group and in 0.9% (1 of 110) of the fibronectin negative group. There was a significant association between cervical length and the incidence of fibronectin positivity (r = -0.921, P = 0.003). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the only significant contributor to the prediction of delivery within 7 days was cervical length, with no significant contribution from fibronectin positivity, ethnic origin, maternal age, gestational age, body mass index, parity, previous history of preterm delivery, cigarette smoking, or use of tocolytics. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with threatened @entity1 assessment of fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretions does not improve the prediction of delivery within 7 days provided by the sonographic measurement of cervical length.

title: Sonographic measurement of cervical length and fetal fibronectin testing in threatened XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 ( @entity5 ), measured by waist circumference (WC), is a stronger predictor of subsequent development of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) than @entity2 , which is measured by body mass index (BMI). This study aimed to measure WC and prevalence of @entity5 primary care physicians. 1893 @entity0 between the ages of 18 and 80 attending primary care clinics in Malaysia were recruited over two days for this multi-centre cross-sectional study. Pregnant @entity0 were excluded, their medical history, weight, height and WC were examined. The prevalence of co-morbidities were as follows: (1) @entity3 -4%, @entity6 -17%, @entity4 -26%, @entity1 -14% and any of the clinical characteristics of @entity3 / @entity6 / @entity4 / @entity1 -38%. The mean BMI for @entity0 and @entity0 was 25.62 +/- 4.73 kg/m2 and 26.63 +/- 5.72 kg/m2, respectively. Based on WHO criteria for BMI (overweight, 25-29.9 kg/m2; @entity2 , > 30 kg/m2), 34.2% were overweight and 20.4% were @entity2 . The mean WC for @entity0 and @entity0 was 89.03 +/- 13.45 cm and 84.26 +/- 12.78 cm, respectively. Overall, 55.6% had @entity5 and there was higher prevalence among @entity0 (based on International @entity1 Federation criteria: WC > or = 90 cm for @entity0 and > or = 80 cm for @entity0 ). @entity5 was present in approximately 71% @entity0 with @entity6 , in 76% with @entity4 and in 75% with @entity1 . @entity0 with @entity5 were also at a higher risk of developing co-morbidities. Malaysia has a high prevalence of @entity5 and associated cardiovascular risk factors. This needs to be addressed by public health programs, which should also include routine measurement of WC.

title: Malaysia Shape of the Nation (MySoN): a primary care based study of XXXX in Malaysia.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Recently, there is an increasing concern over the association between @entity1 and @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Clinical observations have reported that @entity3 (SD) may serve as a risk factor for @entity2 . However, the pathological evidence for this assumption is still lacking. In the present study, we examined the potential impacts of chronic SD on @entity4 and @entity2 -related pathologies in AbPPswe/PS1   E9 transgenic (TG) @entity0 and their wild-type (WT) littermates. Results indicated that @entity0 (both TG and WT) exposed to 2-month SD showed an altered amyloid-b protein precursor processing, an elevated level of phosphorylated tau protein, and impaired cognitive performance as compared to @entity3 ( @entity3 ) controls. Moreover, the SD-treated TG @entity0 exhibited more amyloid-b1-42 production and developed more senile plaques in the cortex and hippocampus than @entity3 -treated TG @entity0 . In addition, SD caused a striking neuronal mitochondrial damage, caspase cascade activation, and neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampus of both TG and WT @entity0 . More importantly, all these behavioral, neuropathological, and biochemical changes induced by chronic SD were long lasting and were irreversible during a 3-month normal housing condition. Collectively, these results indicate that chronic SD impairs learning and memory, exacerbates @entity2 pathologies, and aggravates the mitochondria-mediated neuronal apoptosis in a long-lasting manner. Our findings provide important experimental evidence to prove that chronic SD is a risk factor for @entity2 .

title: Chronic Sleep Deprivation Exacerbates @entity4 and Alzheimer's Disease-Like Pathologies in AbPPswe/PS1  E9 XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 are at high risk for acute @entity3 ( @entity4 ). OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the safety and efficacy of a proprietary extract of Panax quinquefolius, @entity5 , in reducing @entity4 . METHODS: This was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized trial of 293 subjects with early-stage, untreated @entity2 conducted January-March 2009. RESULTS: @entity4 was common, occurring on about 10% of days during the study period. There were no significant differences of the 2 a priori primary end points: @entity4 days (8.5    17.2 for @entity5 vs 6.8    13.3 for placebo) and severe @entity4 days (2.9    9.5 for @entity5 vs 2.6    9.8 for placebo). However, 51% of @entity5 vs 56% of placebo recipients experienced at least 1 @entity4 (difference, -5%; 95% confidence interval [CI], -16% to 7%); more intense @entity4 occurred in 32% of @entity5 vs 39% of placebo recipients (difference, -7%; 95% CI, -18% to 4%), and symptom-specific evaluation showed reduced moderate to severe sore throat (P = .004) and a lower rate of grade >= 3 @entity1 (P = .02) in @entity5 recipients. Greater seroconversion (4-fold increases in antibody titer) vs 9 common viral pathogens was documented in @entity5 recipients (16% vs 7%, P = .04). LIMITATIONS: Serologic evaluation of antibody titers was not tied to a specific illness, but covered the entire study period. CONCLUSION: @entity5 was well tolerated. It did not reduce the number of @entity4 days or antibiotic use; however, there was a trend toward reduced rates of moderate to severe @entity4 and significantly less sore throat, suggesting that the increased rate of seroconversion most likely reflects @entity5 -enhanced antibody responses.

title: A randomized, controlled trial of Panax quinquefolius extract ( @entity5 ) to reduce respiratory infection in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in @entity7 has been infrequently analyzed from a pathological standpoint. In this study, we have attempted to elucidate the pathology of @entity2 in this interesting syndrome in 44 autopsied cases of combined non-primum @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity2 collected over 16 years. The @entity0 were divided into 3 groups: Group 1: non-primum @entity1 with clinically diagnosed @entity5 ( @entity5 )  regurgitation, Group 2: non-primum @entity1 with clinically diagnosed @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and, Group 3: non-primum @entity1 with no clinically evident @entity2 , but with mitral valve pathology diagnosed at autopsy. All 44 @entity0 were symptomatic. There were 26 males (59%). The ages ranged from 13 to 73 years. A history of @entity4 was available in 2 @entity0 while 16 @entity0 had undergone surgery or intervention for the disease. Of the 18 @entity0 in Group 1, six @entity0 did not show histological features of @entity6 , although they shared similar gross morphological features. Furthermore, the @entity2 in 12 of 19 @entity0 in Group 2 was non-rheumatic. Also, only one @entity0 had histological evidence of rheumatic activity among seven cases in Group 3. In spite of a high rheumatic load at our center, more than half (54.5%) of @entity0 had "non-rheumatic" mitral valve pathology. Thus, the mitral @entity3 commonly labeled 'rheumatic' in @entity7 are not always so. The distinction into rheumatic and non-rheumatic @entity2 in non-primum @entity1 has to be made on the basis of microscopic criteria.

title: XXXX : Is the mitral pathology always rheumatic?

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was undertaken to describe the technique of transfemoral superselective coil embolization of @entity3 and its influence on @entity2 diameter. METHODS: Over 23 months, 104 aortic stent grafts were deployed to exclude @entity2 , at an academic medical center. Increase in @entity1 diameter and perigraft findings on contrast material-enhanced computed tomography scans prompted arteriography. Procedures were performed solely by vascular surgeons in a surgical angiography suite. In 7 @entity0 @entity1 access was via the iliolumbar branches of the internal iliac artery, and in 1 @entity0 @entity1 access was via the inferior mesenteric artery through the arc of Riolan from the superior mesenteric artery. Coaxial catheters were placed to gain access to the @entity1 (8F to 5F to 3F, or 5F to 3F). A 3F Tracker18 was the most distal catheter through which an assortment of 0.018 microcoils were deployed within the @entity1 , and the origin of the feeding vessels when possible. RESULTS: @entity1 diameter increased 0.48 +/- 0.2 cm over 10.8 +/- 5 months before superselective coil embolization. In 6 of 8 @entity0 superselective coil embolization embolization resulted in a mean decrease in @entity1 diameter of 1.3 +/- 1.2 cm over 9 +/- 3.2 months. Failure was presumed due to inability to reach the @entity1 sac in 1 @entity0 and was associated with oral anticoagulation in 1 other @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Proper identification of the source of @entity3 and its complete occlusion, combined with @entity1 sac coiling, may result in prompt decrease in @entity1 size.

title: Technique and results of transfemoral superselective coil embolization of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a progressive, @entity1 which leads to postural and @entity3 , limitation in mobility, activities of daily living and disability. AIMS: The aim of the study is to assess the effects of the rehabilitation program on balance, gait, motor performance and @entity4 in @entity2 @entity0 . METHODS: Sixty-four @entity0 with 1.5-3.0 stage @entity2 in the Hoehn and Yahr scale were randomly allocated to rehabilitation and control groups. Sixty-one @entity0 completed the study. @entity0 were assessed three times, at month intervals. Between the first and second assessments, the rehabilitation group participated in a rehabilitation training program focused on mobility, balance and gait exercises, consisting of 28 sessions. Balance was assessed with tandem stance and the Pastor test (shoulder tug). Gait was assessed with a 10  m walk at preferred speed and 360   turn. Motor performance was evaluated by means of the Physical Performance Test (PPT) and timed motor activities. The @entity4 were measured in the lumbar and thoraco-lumbar spine with a tape measure. RESULTS: The rehabilitation group significantly improved (p  <  0.05) in balance and gait outcomes, PPT score, timed activities and @entity4 both in comparison to the control group and baseline results. The positive effects of the exercise program maintained for at least 1  month. CONCLUSION: The 4-week rehabilitation training program focused on mobility, balance and gait exercises improved balance, gait, physical performance and @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: The effect of the rehabilitation program on balance, gait, physical performance and XXXX in @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the safety and efficacy of oral @entity2 in pre-induction cervical ripening and induction of labour in prolonged pregnancy. METHODS: This is a single blind randomized control trial. 100 @entity0 with prolonged pregnancy beyond 40  weeks and Bishop score <6 were recruited, and randomly allocated into two groups. @entity0 who received Tab. @entity2 200  mg orally were assigned in Study Group (n  =  50) and who received placebo orally were assigned in Control Group (n  =  50) At the end of 24  h, change in the Bishop's score was assessed and Tab. @entity1 25   g was administered intravaginally every 4  h, maximum 6 doses for induction/augmentation of labour. Analysis regarding safety and efficacy of the drug was done with regards to maternal and perinatal outcome. RESULTS: Among 100 subjects, 50 received @entity2 and 50 received placebo. Mean induction to delivery interval was 1,907      368.4  min for Study Group versus 2,079      231.6  min for Control Group. The improvement in mean Bishop score was 5.0408      1.90 for Study Group compared with 3.26      1.15 was for Control Group after 24  h. Mean dose of @entity1 in Study Group was 40      27.2, while the same in Control Group was 52      19.46. Eight (16  %) @entity0 in Study Group and two (4  %) @entity0 in Control Group delivered vaginally within 24  h without any need of augmentation. There were 6 (12  %) cesareans and 2 (4  %) instrumental deliveries in Study Group and 8 (16  %) cesareans and 5 (10  %) instrumental deliveries in the Control Group. There was no statistically significant difference in perinatal outcomes between two groups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 had a modest effect on cervical ripening when given 24  h prior to labour induction and appearing to reduce need for @entity1 compared with placebo.

title: Safety and Efficacy of Oral XXXX in Pre-induction Cervical Ripening and Induction of Labour in Prolonged Pregnancy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of quantitative intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM) of Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the assessment of liver @entity1 treated with targeted chemotherapy agents. METHODS: 12 @entity0 with unresectable liver @entity1 from @entity3 were enrolled and received neoadjuvant FOLFIRI ( @entity4 , @entity6 , @entity5 ) plus bevacizumab therapy. DWI was performed for 36 @entity1 at baseline and after 14 days from starting the treatment. In addition to the basic IVIM metrics, the product between pseudo-diffusivity and perfusion fraction was considered as a descriptor roughly analogous to the flow. Median diffusion parameters of Region of Interest (ROI) were used as representative values for each lesion. Normalized parameters in comparison with the median value of spleen were also collected. The percentual change of the diffusion parameters was calculated. The response to chemotherapy was evaluated according the Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity2 (RECIST) as calculated on whole-body CT scan obtained three months after treatment. Mann Whitney test and Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis were performed. RESULTS: 24 lesions were categorized as responding and 12 as not responding. There was no statistically significant difference among absolute and normalized diffusion parameters between the pretreatment and the post-treatment findings. Instead, the perfusion fraction (fp) values showed a statistical difference between responder and non-responder lesions: sensitivity and specificity of fp variation was 62% and 93%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: IVIM parameters represent a valuable tool in the evaluation of the anti-angiogenic therapy in @entity0 with liver @entity1 from @entity3 . A percentage change of fp represents the most effective DWI marker in the assessment of @entity2 response.

title: Early Assessment of XXXX @entity0 with Liver Metastases Treated with Antiangiogenic Drugs: The Role of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion in Diffusion-Weighted Imaging.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Tonsillectomy is one of the most common pediatric surgical procedures performed in the United States. The postoperative period can be particularly @entity1 , and there is currently no consensus on an optimal analgesic regimen. The objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of the single drug @entity3 versus @entity5 / @entity4 post-tonsillectomy. DESIGN: Prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Large, Midwestern US pediatric hospital. @entity0 : Eighty-four @entity0 aged 4-15 years who underwent a tonsillectomy (with or without adenoidectomy) procedure were randomized and 74 were included in the analysis. INTERVENTIONS: Group 1 received liquid @entity5 / @entity4 for 10 days post-tonsillectomy (5 days scheduled, followed by 5 days as-needed). Group 2 received liquid @entity3 for 10 days post-tonsillectomy (5 days scheduled, followed by 5 days as-needed). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Efficacy and side effects were evaluated using a 10-day take-home diary that was completed by parents. RESULTS: @entity0 in both study arms reported adequate post-tonsillectomy @entity1 management without significant differences between groups in @entity1 scores. Oversedation was significantly higher on the day of surgery in the @entity5 / @entity4 group, and itching was experienced by significantly more @entity0 in the @entity3 group during the postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: As part of multimodal @entity2 , scheduled plus as-needed @entity3 may be considered for @entity0 in the postoperative setting due to its analgesic properties, low potential for side effects, and good safety profile.

title: @entity3 versus XXXX / @entity4 after pediatric tonsillectomy: A prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Postoperative @entity1 is one of the most frequent complications of cardiac surgery. We developed a novel biodegradable gel pad consisting of biopolymers that directly attach to the myocardium by electrostatic interaction. The present study examines the feasibility and effectiveness of low-energy internal cardioversion using these pads. METHODS: The hearts of 6 @entity2 were exposed through a median sternotomy under general anesthesia, and 2 monopolar pacing wires were placed on the left pulmonary veins (chest open group). Two biodegradable cardioversion gel pads were placed on the right appendage and the left atria without suturing. All wires were extruded through the skin and secured with a suture. Sustained @entity1 was induced by burst-pacing from the pulmonary veins in continuous 20-ms cycles. Shock intensity started at 0.5 J, and the energy level was increased in 0.5-J increments until cardioversion occurred. This protocol was repeated 5 times per @entity2 . In a second group of 6 @entity2 (chest closed group), the epicardial cardioversion electrode gel pads and pacing wire electrodes were positioned as described above. Shock intensity was started at 0.5 J. If the shock was unsuccessful, the energy level was increased in 0.5-J increments until 2 consecutive cardioversions were achieved at a single energy level. At postoperative days 1, 3, 5, and 7, the defibrillation threshold was determined with the chest closed. At postoperative day 10, the cardioversion wires were removed. At predetermined time intervals, the heart was reexposed and the extent of degradation in vivo was visually evaluated and histologically assessed after sacrifice. RESULTS: All @entity2 with induced @entity1 were cardioverted to sinus rhythm on the determined postoperative day. The mean energy and lead impedance in the chest open group were 0.65 +/- 0.23 J and 97.6 +/- 5.52 Omega, respectively, and the overall values of mean energy and lead impedance in the chest closed group were 1.67 +/- 1.00 J and 75.9 +/- 13.3 Omega, respectively. No complications were observed after wire removal. The gel pads became degraded and decreased in thickness, and signs of mild @entity0 were evident on the gel pad. However, the gel pads did not elicit significant severe inflammatory reactions according to both gross and histologic assessments at 1 month after the surgery. CONCLUSION: Atrial cardioversion using novel biodegradable gel pads that are easily affixed may afford a straightforward and effective treatment for @entity1 after cardiac surgery.

title: Successful low-energy cardioversion using a novel biodegradable gel pad: Feasibility of treating postoperative XXXX in animals.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In this retrospective study, the efficacy and safety were examined for an intraperitoneal chemotherapy protocol- @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity1 ( @entity5 -COP) in 26 @entity0 with @entity2 . Certainly in @entity0 fiercely resisting IV administration the @entity5 route is a more practical method, safer for the administrator and less stressful for the cat. Complete remission (CR) rate was 76.9% (n   =   20). Median duration of first remission was 421   days. Estimated 1- and 2-year disease free period were 67.1 and 48.0%, respectively. Median duration of survival was 388   days and estimated overall 1- and 2-year survival periods were 54.7 and 46.9% respectively. Young @entity0 had a more favourable prognosis. Reaching CR was essential for long-term survival. No specific @entity5 -related adverse events (AE) were seen. AE were generally scored as mild and were not excessively abundant. These results indicate that the @entity5 route is a safe and effective alternative for the administration of COP protocol chemotherapeutics.

title: Intraperitoneal antineoplastic drug delivery: experience with a @entity3 , @entity4 and @entity1 protocol in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The recently identified epidermal growth factor-related peptide cripto-1 has been previously implicated in the development of the malignant phenotype. The identification of gene products that can act as prognostic markers in @entity2 would be value in determining the management of this heterogeneous group of @entity0 . This study examines cripto-1 expression in benign and malignant bladder using immunohistochemical techniques. The expression of cripto-1 protein in benign and malignant bladder was examined in 45 @entity2 (Ta/T1 n = 26, T2 n = 5, T3/T4 n = 14) and six benign controls. All 45 @entity1 showed positive cytoplasmic staining for cripto-1, including areas of @entity3 in situ. None of the six benign controls showed any evidence of positive cripto-1 staining. Twenty-three (60 per cent) @entity2 had areas of @entity1 that showed strong positive staining for cripto-1 as opposed to six (29 per cent) sections of histologically normal urothelium adjacent to @entity1 (P < 0.05). There was no association between cripto-1 staining and @entity1 grade, stage, or clinical outcome. Cripto-1 protein appears to be specifically expressed in malignant and benign adjacent urothelium of @entity0 with @entity2 . Its clinical significance, however, remains to be determined.

title: The immunohistochemical detection of cripto-1 in benign and malignant XXXX bladder.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 (HA) is one of the main immediate mediators involved in @entity1 . HA plasma concentration is well correlated with the severity of vascular and respiratory signs of @entity3 . Consequently, plasma quantification of HA is useful to comfort the diagnosis of @entity3 . Currently, radioimmunoassay (RIA) is the gold standard method to quantify HA due to its high sensitivity, but it is time consuming, implicates specific formations and cautions for technicians, and produces hazardous radioactive wastes. The aim of this study was to compare two enzymatic immunoassays (EIA) and one in-house liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry method (LC-HRMS) with the gold standard method for HA quantification in plasma samples of @entity0 suspected of @entity3 reactions. Ninety-two plasma samples were tested with the 4 methods (RIA, 2 EIA and LC-HRMS) for HA quantification. Fifty-eight samples displayed HA concentrations above the positive cut-off of 10nM evaluated by RIA, including 18 highly positive samples (>100nM). This study shows that Immunotech(  ) EIA and LC-HRMS concentrations were highly correlated with RIA values, in particular for samples with a HA concentration around the positive cut-off. In our hands, plasma concentrations obtained with the Demeditec Diagnostics(  ) EIA correlated less with results obtained by RIA, and an underestimation of plasma HA levels led to a lack of sensitivity. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that Immunotech(  ) EIA and LC-HRMS method could be used instead of RIA to assess plasma HA in @entity0 diagnostic use.

title: Comparison of two enzymatic immunoassays, high resolution mass spectrometry method and radioimmunoassay for the quantification of @entity0 plasma XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Five billion normal myoblasts were injected into each of 21 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 aged 6-14 yr to assess the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the Phase II myoblast transfer therapy (MTT). The Phase II study was designed to strengthen muscles of both lower limbs. Forty-eight intramuscular injections transferred the myoblasts into 22 major muscles at 55.6 * 106/mL in 10 min under general anesthesia. Eleven @entity0 had received 8 million myoblasts each 1 yr ago in the Phase I MTT. In the Phase II study, eight of them had their myoblasts subcultured from reserves frozen 1 yr ago. The donor myoblasts for each of the remaining @entity0 were cultured from satellite cells derived from a 1-g muscle biopsy of a normal male who might or might not be histocompatible with the recipient. The immunosuppressant @entity1 ( @entity5 ) is being administered to recipients for 6 mo after MTT to facilitate donor cell survival. There was no evidence of an adverse reaction to MTT or @entity5 as determined by serial laboratory evaluations including electrolytes, @entity2 , and @entity3 . Early objective functional tests using the KinCom Robotic Dynamometer were conducted on 13 subjects aged 6 to 13 before MTT and at 3 mo after MTT. Of the 69 muscle groups (knee extensors, knee flexors, plantar flexors) tested for isometric force generation in these subjects, 43% showed mean increase of 41.3%    5.9 SEM, 38% showed no change, and 19% showed continuous force reduction of 23.4%    3.1 SEM. The remaining subjects await the 3-mo post-MTT evaluation. The results indicate that 1) MTT is safe; 2) MTT increases muscle strength in @entity4 : 81% of the muscles tested showed either increase in strength or did not show continuous loss of strength; 3) more than 5 billion myoblasts can be cultured from 1 g normal muscle biopsy, providing unprecedented numbers of cells for MTT; 4) myoblasts, frozen over I yr, retain the ability to proliferate from 10 million to 5 billion, and to form normal myofibers; 5) injections of 5 billion myoblasts have not provoked any immunological rejection symptoms in the Phase II subjects, 11 of whom received 8 million myoblasts in the Phase I MTT a year ago; 6) it is safe to perform multiple injections of myoblasts into lower limb muscles without formation of emboli; and 7) donor cell rejection by the recipient can be prevented with @entity5 when properly managed.

title: FEASIBILITY, SAFETY, AND EFFICACY OF MYOBLAST TRANSFER THERAPY ON DUCHENNE MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: The objective of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of triage, treatment, and transfer interventions on multiple burn casualties managed in a high volume @entity2 that does not have a verified in-hospital burn unit. The charts of 11 male @entity0 injured in a 1999 foundry explosion and brought to Baystate Medical Center (BMC), a level I @entity1 center, were reviewed. All @entity0 sustained deep partial and full thickness burns. The injury severity score (ISS) ranged from 9 to 75. Five @entity0 had total body surface area (TBSA) burns of 10% to 50% and 6 @entity0 had TBSA burns of 70% to 95%. Transfer times from the scene to BMC ranged from less than 5 minutes to 22 minutes. All 11 were initially triaged, resuscitated, and evaluated at BMC. Of the 9 @entity0 transferred to verified burn units, 8 were intubated, 6 of 6 had negative abdominal ultrasounds, 4 had undergone escharatomies, and 1 had undergone bronchoscopy before transfer. Nine critically injured burn @entity0 with ISS of 9 to 75 were transferred from BMC to verified burn units. For 8 of these @entity0 , the average time from triage, evaluation, and treatment to transfer was 2 hours. The ninth @entity0 was initially admitted overnight then promptly transferred after re-evaluation of his hand burns indicated a need for more specialized care. Two of 9 transferred @entity0 , both with ISS of 75 died. Although 7 other @entity0 had prolonged and complex courses, none of their subsequent complications were referable to missed injuries from this transferring facility. The resources and expertise of a high volume @entity2 without an in-hospital burn unit can be effectively used in the initial resuscitation and treatment of multiple burn casualties. Coordinated responses among emergency medicine, @entity1 , anesthesia, and nursing personnel are instrumental to the rapid triage, resuscitation, and treatment of critically injured burn @entity0 . Future disaster planning should incorporate a clearly demarcated, @entity2 command center led by an easily identifiable "captain of the ship," as well as more accurate @entity0 identification systems and improved communications with family members.

title: Management of multiple burn casualties in a high volume XXXX without a verified burn unit.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Aquaporins are integral membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of water and some small solutes across cellular membranes. X-ray crystallography of aquaporins indicates that four @entity6 constitute an aromatic/ @entity2 (ar/R) pore constriction known as the selectivity filter. On the basis of these four @entity6 , tonoplast aquaporins called tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs) are divided into three groups in @entity4 . Herein, we describe the characterization of two group I TIP1s (TgTIP1;1 and TgTIP1;2) from tulip (Tulipa gesneriana). TgTIP1;1 and TgTIP1;2 have a novel @entity10 in loop E (LE2 position) of the ar/R filter; the residue at LE2 is a @entity9 in all group I TIPs from model plants. The homologs showed @entity1 -sensitive water channel activity in a fast kinetics swelling assay upon heterologous expression in @entity11 . Heterologous expression of both homologs promoted the growth of @entity11 on @entity8 or @entity5 as sole sources of @entity7 and decreased growth and survival in the presence of @entity0 . TgTIP1;1- and TgTIP1;2-mediated @entity0 conductance was demonstrated further by a fluorescence assay. Substitutions in the ar/R selectivity filter of TgTIP1;1 showed that mutants that mimicked the ar/R constriction of group I TIPs could conduct the same substrates that were transported by wild-type TgTIP1;1. In contrast, mutants that mimicked group II TIPs showed no evidence of @entity5 or @entity0 conductance. These results suggest that the @entity3 residue at LE2 position is critical for the transport selectivity of the TIP homologs and group I TIPs might have a broader spectrum of substrate selectivity than group II TIPs.

title: Substitution of a single @entity3 residue in the aromatic/ XXXX selectivity filter alters the transport profiles of tonoplast aquaporin homologs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: We evaluated and compared the radiographic and clinical outcomes of @entity0 with @entity4 treated with single fraction stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS), 5 fractions of hypofractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (hSRT), or 25 to 30 fractions of conventionally fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (cfSRT). METHODS AND MATERIALS: Fifty-six @entity0 treated with LINAC-based SRS (median, 12.5 Gy), hSRT (25 Gy), or cfSRT (median, 54 Gy) were retrospectively reviewed. Fractionation was based on the size of the @entity1 , proximity to the brainstem, and potential risk of @entity2 . Median follow-up time was 55.2 months. RESULTS: The pretreatment median @entity1 diameter was significantly smaller for SRS (1.14 cm) compared with hSRT (1.7 cm) (P = .03) and cfSRT (2.0 cm) (P < .001). The overall local @entity1 control was 96.4%: 100% SRS, 100% hSRT, and 90% cfSRT (P = .19). Tumor regression was observed in 53.3% of SRS, 76.2% of hSRT, and 90% of cfSRT (P = .05). There was less transient expansion of @entity1 treated with cfSRT (5%) than with SRS (53.3%) or hSRT (28.6%) (P = .005). The median time to regression was 13.8 months for SRS, 14.2 months for hSRT, and 5.5 months for cfSRT (P = .34). There was a 3.6% incidence of grade 3 trigeminal neuropathy, but there was no grade 3 @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: All 3 regimens demonstrated similar excellent local control with minimal @entity3 ; however, the ability of hSRT to treat larger @entity1 with comparable outcomes to SRS and greater @entity0 convenience when compared with cfSRT suggest that hSRT may offer the optimal treatment approach.

title: Radiotherapeutic management of XXXX using size- and location-adapted fractionation regimens to maximize the therapeutic ratio.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Knowledge of the patterns of allelic loss has been useful in identifying @entity1 suppressor genes in many solid @entity1 . Although the loss of genetic material in @entity2 has been documented by cytogenetic studies and microsatellite typing, a global overview of losses of heterozygosity occurring throughout the genome was not yet available. We have performed a high resolution allelotype analysis in 63 childhood B-lineage @entity2 . A total of 247 microsatellite markers, evenly distributed along the autosomes were typed in blast and in remission samples from every @entity0 . An average of 41 @entity0 were informative for each marker. LOH at one or several loci was observed in 41 of the 63 @entity0 (64%). The mean values for the fractional allelic loss (FAL) and the hemizygosity index, calculated for each @entity0 , were 0.03 (range 0 to 0.23) and 0.024 (range 0 to 0.18), respectively. The most frequently involved chromosomal arms were 9p (36%), 12p (31%), 20q (15%), 6q (12%), 5p (10%) and 10p (10%). Three regions on chromosomal arms 9p, 12p and 6q were previously identified as the targets of recurring deletions, the target genes being identified for two of them (9p and 12p). The three new regions defined by this allelotype may contain @entity1 -suppressor genes implicated in the initiation or progression of childhood B-ALLs.

title: High-resolution allelotype analysis of childhood B-lineage XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Renal tissue oxygenation may play an important role in the progression of @entity1 . Today, blockers of the @entity3 -angiotensin system and diuretics are two major drug classes used to treat @entity2 in @entity0 with or without chronic @entity1 . The purpose of the present study was to compare the direct @entity3 inhibitor aliskiren to the diuretic @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in their ability to modulate renal tissue oxygenation in @entity2 @entity0 .(Figure is included in full-text article.) DESIGN AND METHOD:: Twenty four @entity0 were enrolled in this randomized prospective study and 20 completed the protocol. @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive either aliskiren 150 titrated to 300mg/d or @entity4 12.5mg titrated to 25mg/d for 8 weeks. Renal oxygenation was measured by BOLD-MRI at weeks 0 and 8, 30hours after the last dose. BOLD-MRI data were analyzed using the "onion peel" technique, a newly developed method which measures mean R2* levels in 12 computed layers of equal thickness in the kidney enabling to asses renal oxygenation according to the depth within the kidney, a higher R2* value corresponding to lower oxygenation. RESULTS: Our results show that aliskiren tended to increase oxygenation in the outer (more cortical) layers and decreased oxygenation in the inner (more medullary) layers whereas @entity4 induced a significant overall decrease in renal tissue oxygenation (Figure 1). This latter finding may be due to the increased @entity5 reabsorption 30h after the last dose of @entity4 (FELi: 21.2  9% at W0 and 16.4  6.0% at W8), p=0.01). @entity0 responding to treatment by a fall in systolic blood pressure of >10 mmHg also increased renal tissue oxygenation when compared to non-responders. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together these results show that blockade of the @entity3 -angiotensin system with aliskiren has a more favorable impact on renal tissue oxygenation in @entity2 @entity0 than @entity4 . This finding may contribute to explain the renal protective effect of blockers of the @entity3 - @entity6 system.

title: 1D.02: COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF A @entity3 INHIBITOR AND A THIAZIDE DIURETIC ON RENAL TISSUE OXYGENATION IN HYPERTENSIVE XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Liver transplant for @entity4 requires identifying potential recipients at risk for recidivism. We sought to identify risk factors for recidivism and survival in recipients of liver transplant with @entity4 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Demographic, psychosocial, and histology features were evaluated as risk factors toward harmful recidivism in 148 recipients of liver transplant with @entity4 . RESULTS: Based on the univariate analysis using Cox proportional hazards model, duration of @entity3 abstinence 6 months (HR 3.74; P = .011, 95% CI: 1.36-10.3), non- @entity3 related criminal history (HR 3.18; P = .032, 95% CI: 1.1-9.15), support from immediate family (HR 0.24; P = .0061, 95% CI: 0.09-0.67), and active smoking at the time of liver transplant (HR 2.74; P = .041, 95% CI: 1-7.53) were identified as significant predictors for recidivism. Older @entity0 had less likelihood of @entity3 relapse (HR 0.91; P = .0014, 95% CI: 0.87-0.97) on univariate model. In multivariate model older @entity0 (HR 0.91; P = .004, 95% CI: 0.86-0.97) and @entity0 who have immediate family support (HR 0.27; P = .012, 95% CI: 0.10-0.76) predicated against recidivism. Suggestive features of @entity1 on liver explant did not predict recidivism or long-term survival. One-, three-, and five-year @entity0 survival rates estimated by Kaplan-Meier survival model in the recipients that remained abstinent were 95%, 87%, and 80%, compared with 87%, 49%, and 49% for the recipients with recidivism (P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Recidivism is associated with @entity2 after liver transplant. Older recipients and @entity0 with immediate family support are less likely to have @entity3 relapse, and have better long-term survival.

title: Recidivism in Liver Transplant Recipients With XXXX : Analysis of Demographic, Psychosocial, and Histology Features.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: We previously reported preliminary data on a new procedure that we developed for the treatment of @entity6 after catheterization. This study presents our current results of percutaneous ultrasound-guided @entity3 injection for treating @entity7 that arise from various locations and causes. METHODS: Between February 1996 and May 1999, we performed @entity3 injection of 83 @entity7 in 82 @entity0 . There were 74 @entity6 : 60 from cardiac catheterization (36 interventional), seven from peripheral arteriography (four interventional), five from intra-aortic balloon pumps, and two from dialysis catheters. There were nine other @entity7 : five brachial (two cardiac catheterization, two gunshot wounds, one after removal of an infected arteriovenous graft), one subclavian (central venous catheter insertion), one radial (arterial line), and one distal superficial femoral and one posterior tibial (both after @entity1 ). Twenty-nine pseudo- @entity2 were injected while on therapeutic anticoagulation. @entity0 underwent repeat ultrasound examination within 5 days and after 4 weeks. RESULTS: Eighty-two of 83 @entity7 had initial successful treatment by this technique, including 28 of 29 in @entity0 who were undergoing anticoagulation therapy. The only complication was @entity4 of a distal brachial artery, which resolved spontaneously. There were early recurrences in seven @entity0 : four @entity0 underwent successful reinjection; reinjection failed in two @entity0 , who underwent surgical repair; and one @entity0 had spontaneous @entity4 on follow-up. After 4 weeks, ultrasound examinations were completely normal or showed some residual @entity5 , and there were no recurrent @entity7 . CONCLUSION: Ultrasound-guided @entity3 injection of @entity7 has excellent results, which support its widespread use as the primary treatment for this common problem.

title: Expanded indications for ultrasound-guided XXXX injection of @entity7 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: A large number of experimental studies using young adult subjects have shown that @entity10 ( @entity10 C.A. Meyer) protects against @entity1 heart disease. However, @entity10 has not been explored for its anti-I/R effect and mechanism of action in the aged myocardium. The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of the long-term consumption of @entity10 extract on myocardial I/R in an in vivo @entity0 model and explore the potential underlying mechanism. METHODS AND RESULTS: Young (6-mo-old) and intermediate-aged (18-mo-old) @entity0 were gavaged with either standardized @entity10 extract (RSE) at 80 mg/kg or vehicle for 90 days. The @entity0 were sacrificed after LAD coronary artery ligation was performed to induce 30 min of @entity1 , followed by 90 min of reperfusion. The @entity2 size was measured. Left ventricular function was evaluated using pressure-volume loops. The levels of survival, apoptotic and longevity protein expression were assessed through Western blot analysis. Myocardial pathology was detected through H_E or Masson's trichrome staining. We observed higher @entity3 in the LV functional parameters, such as LVSP and LVEDP, in aged @entity0 compared with young @entity0 . Enhanced @entity5 phosphorylation and eNOS expression in RSE-treated aged hearts were accompanied with reduced @entity3 size, improved cardiac performance, and inducted survival signals. In contrast, p- @entity7 and @entity11 were significantly downregulated in aged @entity0 , suggesting that cardiomyocyte apoptosis was suppressed after RSE treatment. RSE also inhibited @entity9 /7 activation and decreased @entity6 / @entity4 ratio. Consistent with the results of apoptosis, @entity12 and @entity8 were significantly increased in the RSE-treated aged heart compared with vehicle-treated I/R, suggesting that the anti-aging effect was correlated with the anti-apoptotic activity of RSE. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the long-term consumption of @entity10 extract reduced the susceptibility of intermediate-aged hearts to @entity1 reperfusion injury in @entity0 . These effects might be mediated through the activation of @entity5 /eNOS, suppression of @entity7 / @entity11 and upregulation of @entity12 and @entity8 in intermediate-aged @entity0 .

title: The Long-Term Consumption of XXXX Extract Reduces the Susceptibility of Intermediate-Aged Hearts to Acute Ischemia Reperfusion Injury.

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment for the reduction of weight and resolution of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The objective of this study was to longitudinally assess hormonal and tissue responses after RYGB. METHODS: Eight @entity0 (5 with @entity1 ) were studied before and after RYGB. A standardized test meal (STM) was administered before and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 months. Separately, a 2-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (E-clamp) and a 2-hour @entity3 clamp (H-clamp) were performed before and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was infused during the last hour of the H-clamp. Body composition was assessed with DXA methodology. RESULTS: Enrollment body mass index was 49  3 kg/m(2) (X  SE). STM @entity2 and insulin responses were normalized by 3 and 6 months. @entity5 level increased dramatically at 1, 3, and 6 months, normalizing by 12 and 15 months. Insulin sensitivity (M of E-clamp) increased progressively at 3-12 months as fat mass decreased. The insulin response to @entity2 alone fell progressively over 12 months but the @entity2 clearance/metabolism (M of H-clamp) did not change significantly until 12 months. In response to @entity5 infusion, insulin levels fell progressively throughout the 12 months. CONCLUSION: The early hypersecretion of @entity5 leads to @entity4 and early normalization of @entity2 levels. The @entity5 response normalizes within 1 year after surgery. Enhanced peripheral tissue sensitivity to insulin starts at 3 months and is associated with fat mass loss. b-cell sensitivity improves at 12 months and after the loss of    33% of excess weight. There is a tightly controlled feedback loop between peripheral tissue sensitivity and b-cell and L-cell ( @entity5 ) responses.

title: Mechanisms of type 2 XXXX resolution after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The measurement of hemoglobin A(1c) (Hb A(1c)) is employed in monitoring of @entity0 with @entity1 . Use of point-of-care testing (POCT) for Hb A(1c) results at the time of the @entity0 consultation potentially provides an opportunity for greater interaction between @entity0 and caregiver, and more effective care. OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review of current trials to determine whether POCT for Hb A(1c), compared with conventional laboratory testing, improves outcomes for @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Searches were undertaken on 4 electronic databases and bibliographies from, and hand searches of, relevant journal papers. Only randomized controlled trials were included. The primary outcome measures were change in Hb A(1c) and treatment intensification. Metaanalyses were performed on the data obtained. RESULTS: Seven trials were found. There was a nonsignificant reduction of 0.09% (95% CI -0.21 to 0.02) in the Hb A(1c) in the POCT compared to the standard group. Although data were collected on the change in proportion of @entity0 reaching a target Hb A(1c) of <7.0%, treatment intensification and heterogeneity in the populations studied and how measures were reported precluded pooling of data and metaanalysis. Positive @entity0 satisfaction was also reported in the studies, as well as limited assessments of costs. CONCLUSIONS: There is an absence of evidence in clinical trial data to date for the effectiveness of POCT for Hb A(1c) in the management of @entity1 . In future studies attention to trial design is needed to ensure appropriate selection and stratification of @entity0 , collection of outcome measures, and action taken upon Hb A(1c) results when produced.

title: Point-of-care testing for Hb A1c in the management of XXXX : a systematic review and metaanalysis.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The idea that the CNS may control complex interactions by modular decomposition has received considerable attention. We explored this idea for @entity0 locomotion by examining limb kinematics. The coordination of limb segments during @entity0 locomotion has been shown to follow a planar law for walking at different speeds, directions, and levels of body unloading. We compared the coordination for different gaits. Eight subjects were asked to walk and run on a treadmill at different speeds or to walk, run, and @entity2 over ground at a preferred speed. To explore various constraints on @entity1 , we also recorded stepping over an obstacle, walking with the knees flexed, and air-stepping with body weight support. We found little difference among covariance planes that depended on speed, but there were differences that depended on gait. In each case, we could fit the planar trajectories with a weighted sum of the limb length and orientation trajectories. This suggested that limb length and orientation might provide independent predictors of limb coordination. We tested this further by having the subjects step, run, and @entity2 in place, thereby varying only limb length and maintaining limb orientation fixed, and also by marching with knees locked to maintain limb length constant while varying orientation. The results were consistent with a modular control of limb kinematics where @entity1 result from a superposition of separate length- and orientation-related angular covariance. The hypothesis finds support in the animal findings that limb proprioception may also be encoded in terms of these global limb parameters.

title: Modular control of @entity1 during XXXX locomotion.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peptidyl- @entity1 isomerases (PPIases) are enzymes that assist in the folding of newly-synthesized proteins and regulate the stability, localization, and activity of mature proteins. They do so by catalyzing reversible (cis-trans) rotation about the peptide bond that precedes @entity0 , inducing conformational changes in target proteins. SCOPE OF REVIEW: This review will discuss how PPIases regulate gene transcription by controlling the activity of (1) DNA-binding transcription regulatory proteins, (2) RNA polymerase II, and (3) chromatin and histone modifying enzymes. MAJOR CONCLUSIONS: Members of each family of @entity2 (cyclophilins, FKBPs, and parvulins) regulate gene transcription at multiple levels. In all but a few cases, the exact mechanisms remain elusive. Structure studies, development of specific inhibitors, and new methodologies for studying cis/trans isomerization in vivo represent some of the challenges in this new frontier that merges two important fields. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE: @entity1 isomerases have been found to play key regulatory roles in all phases of the transcription process. Moreover, PPIases control upstream signaling pathways that regulate gene-specific transcription during development, hormone response and environmental stress. Although transcription is often rate-limiting in the production of enzymes and structural proteins, post-transcriptional modifications are also critical, and PPIases play key roles here as well (see other reviews in this issue). This article is part of a Special Issue entitled @entity0 -directed Foldases: Cell Signaling Catalysts and Drug Targets.

title: XXXX isomerases in gene transcription.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Calcified @entity4 has been associated with @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity3 , but the relevance of this association in the population at large is unknown. We assessed calcified cysticerci and its association with @entity2 in elderly @entity0 living in Atahualpa, an Ecuadorian village endemic for @entity4 . All Atahualpa residents >=  60 years of age were invited to undergo computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging for @entity4 detection. Twenty-eight (11%) out of 248 enrolled @entity0 had calcified cysticerci (case- @entity0 ) and were matched 1:1 by age, sex, and years of education to individuals without @entity4 on computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging (controls). Four case- @entity0 and none of the controls had @entity3 (P = 0.134). Cognitive performance was similar across both groups. The Scheltens' medial temporal @entity2 scale was used for hippocampal rating in case- @entity0 and matched controls without @entity4 . Mean score in the Scheltens' scale was higher in case- @entity0 than in controls (P < 0.001). Atrophic hippocampi were noticed in 19 case- @entity0 and five controls (P = 0.003). Atrophy was bilateral in 11 case- @entity0 and unilateral in eight. All case- @entity0 with unilateral @entity2 had at least one ipsilateral calcification. This study shows an association between @entity2 and raises the possibility of an @entity1 -mediated hippocampal damage as the responsible mechanism for these findings.

title: Calcified XXXX associates with @entity2 : a population-based study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidemiological evidence supports the existence of a survival advantage for female @entity0 with @entity3 . This survival advantage often persists when other prognostic variables are taken into account. The basis for this female advantage or male disadvantage is not established although female sex @entity2 can retard @entity3 in vitro. DESIGN: In considering the mechanisms involved, we have examined the literature to establish whether this female survival advantage is shared by other solid @entity1 . The @entity1 selected were breast, lung, @entity4 . A Medline database search was carried out to identify those studies in which gender was investigated as a prognostic indicator. RESULTS: Results from large, mostly retrospective series show that for 5 of these 7 @entity1 groups, there is evidence for a female survival advantage. In particular, this survival advantage is usually more prominent in early stage disease. CONCLUSION: @entity3 is not unique in showing a female survival advantage. Although the current literature does not address the mechanisms involved, we suggest that these are worth investigating as they may contribute to new treatment modalities aimed at preventing metastatic spread.

title: Gender and survival in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In most cases, @entity8 are associated with @entity7 , @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity13 , or @entity9 . But these @entity2 are rarely associated with @entity6 and never so deadly. CASE REPORT: A 40-year-old @entity0 presented with sudden morning @entity13 . One hour later, he developed a @entity4 at right upper member, quickly completed with a total right @entity11 . Imaging studies revealed a left frontotemporal enhancing @entity8 with a perilesional @entity1 which produced an important mass effect on the posterior arm of the external capsule, on the primary motor cortex posteriorly and the entire sylvian valley anteriorly. Due to major surgical risks associated with @entity14 and large @entity1 , we decided to postpone the @entity2 removal and introduce quickly high concentrations of @entity5 . Twenty-four hours after his admittance, the @entity0 presented a @entity12 , @entity10 , and a left @entity15 . A brain magnetic resonance image (MRI) revealed a left @entity14 , deadly for the @entity0 . CONCLUSION: To our knowledge, @entity8 complicated by fatal @entity6 have not been reported. We discuss the pathology of such an event and try to figure out if it was predictable based on MRI finding, and inevitable with precocious surgery.

title: XXXX complicated by fatal malignant acute @entity6 : MRI finding to assist in tricky surgical decision.

answer: @entity8


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity6 or @entity5 induced sensorimotor gating deficit, but the underlying neural mechanisms are not completely known. We have previously demonstrated that the @entity7 ( @entity7 ) mediated the @entity9 -induced deficit in prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (PPI) in @entity0 . OBJECTIVES: We investigated the involvement of the supramammillary area (SUM) to @entity7 pathway in @entity1 and @entity2 induced by @entity5 or @entity6 in @entity0 and correlated the @entity2 with hippocampal gamma wave increase. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity6 (6 mg/kg, s.c.) or @entity5 (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered after infusion of saline or the @entity3 (A) receptor agonist, @entity8 (0.25 microg), into the @entity7 or SUM. Locomotion, PPI, and hippocampal electroencephalogram (EEG) were recorded. RESULTS: @entity5 or @entity6 induced @entity1 and @entity2 , accompanied by an increase in hippocampal gamma waves (30-100 Hz). The changes in behavior and gamma waves induced by @entity6 or @entity5 were antagonized by pre-infusion of @entity8 , but not saline, into the SUM or @entity7 . Infusion of @entity8 into the SUM alone did not significantly affect PPI, but it suppressed spontaneous locomotor behavior and hippocampal EEG. Infusion of ionotropic @entity4 receptor antagonists into the @entity7 did not affect the PPI deficit or the gamma wave increase after @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: A non-glutamatergic component of the supramammillo-septal pathway mediates the hyperlocomotion and the deficits in PPI induced by @entity5 or @entity6 . Inactivation of the @entity7 or SUM normalized both the hippocampal gamma waves and the @entity2 ( @entity1 and hyperlocomotion).

title: The supramammillo-septal-hippocampal pathway mediates sensorimotor gating impairment and hyperlocomotion induced by XXXX and @entity6 in @entity0 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: Using recently updated guidelines to evaluate and manage @entity7 is discussed. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a costly chronic condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Epidemiologic data further indicate that @entity6 and @entity4 , which may lead to @entity3 , are grossly undertreated. In 2001, the third National @entity1 Education Program (NCEP) Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) released updated guidelines for the evaluation and treatment of @entity7 . Significant changes to the updated guidelines include designation of a @entity3 risk equivalent category identifying @entity0 who require aggressive management, recommendation of Framingham-based @entity3 risk assessment in @entity0 with multiple risk factors, revised target levels for several of the lipids and lipoproteins, and criteria for the identification of @entity0 with the @entity2 . Low-density lipoprotein @entity1 (LDL-C) continues to be the primary target of therapy. In addition, non-high-density lipoprotein @entity1 (HDL-C) is now defined as a secondary treatment target in @entity0 with @entity5 . Increased emphasis is placed on the @entity2 , low HDL-C levels, and the presence of multiple and emerging risk factors in guiding the intensity of therapy. The NCEP ATP III guidelines acknowledge challenges in implementing and maintaining @entity0 adherence to both lifestyle changes and pharmacotherapy regimens and provide strategies for increasing treatment success. Implementation of these new guidelines will likely enhance identification, management, and treatment success rates among @entity0 at risk for @entity3 in the United States.

title: Role of the National @entity1 Education Program Adult treatment panel III guidelines in managing XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Diet and nutritional factors have emerged as possible interventions for @entity1 ( @entity1 ), which are characterised by chronic uncontrolled @entity2 of the intestinal mucosa. Microalgal species are a promising source of n-3 @entity13 and derived @entity10 , which are lipid mediators with a key role in the resolution of @entity2 . The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of an @entity11 -containing lyophilised biomass from Chlamydomonas debaryana on a recurrent @entity15 ( @entity15 )-induced @entity8 @entity0 model. Moderate chronic @entity2 of the colon was induced in BALB/c @entity0 by weekly intracolonic instillations of low dose of @entity15 . Administration of the lyophilised microalgal biomass started 2 weeks before @entity8 induction and was continued throughout @entity8 development. @entity0 were killed 48 h after the last @entity15 challenge. Oral administration of the microalgal biomass reduced @entity15 -induced @entity2 , evidenced by an inhibition of body weight loss, an improvement in colon morphology and a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines @entity5 , @entity3 , @entity6 and @entity4 . This product also down-regulated colonic expressions of inducible @entity7 , @entity9 and NF-kB, as well as increased @entity12 -y. In addition, lyophilised microalgal biomass up-regulated the expressions of the antioxidant transcription factor nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 and the target gene @entity14 . This study describes for the first time the prophylactic effects of an @entity11 -containing lyophilised microalgae biomass from C. debaryana in the acute phase of a recurrent @entity15 -induced @entity8 model in @entity0 . These findings suggest the potential use of this microalga, or derived @entity10 , as a nutraceutical in the treatment of @entity1 .

title: Anti-inflammatory effects of an @entity11 -containing lyophilised biomass from a microalga in a XXXX recurrent @entity8 model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The initial management of distal radius fractures in @entity0 is part of the usual practice of Emergency Medicine. However, no data are available evaluating the outcome of @entity1 that undergo closed reduction and casting by emergency physicians. STUDY OBJECTIVE: To assess short-term outcomes after @entity1 reductions performed by emergency physicians. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study with matched controls was performed on @entity0 with a closed, displaced, or angulated @entity1 that required manipulation. The study group was defined as @entity0 in whom emergency physicians performed closed manipulation and cast immobilization without orthopedic consultation. The control group was defined as @entity0 who had closed reduction by an orthopedic resident. Two controls were identified for each study @entity0 on or around the same date of visit. During the 20-month period, the medical records of 22 study @entity0 and 42 controls were reviewed. The two groups were similar in age, @entity1 angulation and displacement, and skeletal maturity. RESULTS: All @entity0 had acceptable alignment at 3-5-day follow-up. Two study @entity0 and one control required re-manipulation at subsequent follow-up (p = 0.34). All other @entity0 in both groups who were seen at follow-up had satisfactory healing and function at 6-8 weeks after injury. Three study @entity0 and 4 controls had an unscheduled outpatient visit to the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) for cast-related problems (p = 0.80). None of these @entity0 developed @entity3 . The mean length of stay in the @entity2 was lower in the study group than in the control group (3.1 h compared to 5.1 h, respectively; p = 0.0026). The mean facility charge also was lower in the study group ( 2182.50 compared to  3031 in the control group; p = 0.0006). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that emergency physicians may be able to successfully provide restorative care for @entity1 using closed reduction technique. Care rendered by emergency physicians was associated with a shorter length of stay and lower facility charges.

title: XXXX treated by emergency physicians.

answer: @entity1


abstract: In @entity0 tubular @entity3 leads to glomerular-tubule disconnection through an unknown mechanism. Here we studied whether @entity5 promoted glomerular-tubule disconnection in individual nephrons and whether this phenomenon was prevented by an angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity6 ) inhibitor. Passive @entity10 (PHN) and control @entity1 were studied at 4 and 8 months. Two additional groups of PHN @entity1 received @entity9 (40 mg/L) or a @entity4 channel blocker ( @entity11 , 3 mg/kg) from day 7 after surgery to 8 months. At sacrifice, kidneys were serially sectioned to identify glomerular- tubule abnormalities in individual nephrons and changes in interstitial volume. In PHN @entity1 , the time-dependent increase in @entity5 was paralleled by tubular @entity3 leading to glomerular-tubule disconnection and interstitial volume enlargement. Marked apoptosis was invariably found in atrophic tubules in contrast to the absent or very mild terminal @entity7 nick-end labeling staining in tubules normally connected to glomeruli in PHN animals. Treatment with an @entity6 inhibitor prevented @entity2 , @entity5 , the formation of @entity8 , glomerular-tubule disconnection and limited the fractional interstitial volume expansion. Although @entity11 limited @entity2 , it did not reduce @entity5 or prevent tubular @entity3 and disconnection. Multivariate analysis showed that the appearance of atubular glomeruli and the increase in interstitial volume were better predicted by @entity5 than blood pressure. This study suggests that @entity6 inhibitors effectively prevent glomerular-tubule disconnection possibly by their ability of reducing @entity5 , which in turn favors proximal tubular cell apoptosis. Agents that only reduced @entity2 but not @entity5 do not affect tubular behavior.

title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition prevents glomerular-tubule disconnection and @entity3 in passive @entity10 , an effect not observed with a XXXX antagonist.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extracellular signaling through receptors for neurotrophins mediates diverse neuronal functions, including survival, migration and differentiation in the central nervous system, but the transcriptional targets and regulators that mediate these diverse neurotrophin functions are not well understood. RESULTS: We have identified the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) genes @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity10 as transcriptional targets of @entity2 ( @entity2 )/ @entity9 signaling in primary cortical neurons, and show that the @entity4 serum response element area responds to @entity2 / @entity9 in a manner dependent on a combined @entity6 -Ebox element. The @entity5 and @entity10 promoters contain homologous regulatory elements. We found that @entity6 / @entity11 formed complexes in vitro and in vivo, and were recruited to all three homologous promoter regions. @entity6 and @entity11 co-operatively activated the @entity4 promoter in transfection assays. Genetic depletion of @entity8 receptors led to impaired recruitment of C/EBPs and @entity11 in vivo, and elimination of @entity6 and @entity7 alleles reduced @entity2 induction of @entity4 , @entity5 and @entity10 in primary neurons. Finally, defective differentiation of cortical dendrites, as measured by @entity1 staining, was observed in both compound Cebp and Ntrk knockout @entity0 . CONCLUSION: We here identify three @entity3 genes as targets for @entity2 / @entity9 signaling, show that @entity12 are recruited along with @entity11 to target promoters, and that C/EBPs are essential mediators of @entity8 signaling in cortical neurons. We show also that C/EBPs and Trks are required for cortical dendrite differentiation, consistent with Trks regulating dendritic differentiation via a @entity6 -dependent mechanism. Finally, this study indicates that @entity2 induction of @entity3 genes important for neuronal function depends on transcription factors ( @entity6 , @entity11 ) up-regulated during neuronal development, thereby coupling the functional competence of the neuronal cells to their differentiation.

title: Neurotrophin/ @entity8 receptor signaling mediates XXXX , - @entity11 recruitment to @entity3 gene promoters in neuronal cells and requires C/EBPs to induce @entity3 gene transcription.

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the value of visual evoked potentials with blue-on-yellow pattern stimulation in follow-up of @entity2 . METHODS: This prospective longitudinal concurrent study included a heterogeneous cohort of two groups, perimetric (n = 161) and preperimetric (n = 118), of @entity0 with chronic @entity4 and 113 healthy control subjects. In the preperimetric @entity2 group, @entity0 showed @entity3 of the optic disc, maximum intraocular pressure higher than 21 mm Hg, and unremarkable computerized visual field examination results. @entity0 underwent up to three VEP measurements with blue-on-yellow pattern stimulation, as well as qualitative and morphometric evaluation of color stereo optic disc photographs. Mean follow-up time between measurements was 24 months. VEP measurements were separately analyzed in preperimetric subjects, with and without progression of @entity5 . Progression of @entity2 was defined as increasing loss of neuroretinal rim. RESULTS: A separate analysis of VEP peak times in @entity0 in the preperimetric group, with and without progression of glaucomatous @entity5 , showed no significant difference at baseline but a significant prolongation (P = 0.01) in @entity0 with progressive disease, 2 years before morphologic changes were evident. VEPs in @entity0 with nonprogressive disease were statistically unchanged during the observation period. The perimetric group and both preperimetric groups showed significantly prolonged VEP peak times in comparison with the control group (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In addition to photographic evaluation to detect glaucomatous disc @entity1 , the blue-on-yellow VEP may be an objective electrophysiological tool for monitoring @entity0 with @entity2 , because peak times are significantly associated with progression of @entity5 .

title: Monitoring XXXX progression with visual evoked potentials of the blue-sensitive pathway.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Type 2 @entity1 (T2D) alters capillary hemodynamics, causes capillary rarefaction in skeletal muscle and alters endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype. These changes contribute to altered blood flow responses to physiological stimuli such as; exercise and @entity4 secretion. T2D-induced @entity2 impairs @entity3 and @entity4 delivery to skeletal muscle (and other tissues such as skin and nervous), thereby reducing @entity3 uptake and perpetuating @entity6 and hypersinsulinemia. In @entity0 with T2D, exercise training (EX) improves microvascular vasodilator and @entity4 signaling, and attenuates capillary rarefaction in skeletal muscle. EX-induced changes augment @entity3 / @entity4 delivery and @entity3 uptake. If these adaptions occur in a sufficient amount of tissue, and skeletal muscle in particular, chronic exposure to @entity6 and @entity5 , and as the risk of microvascular complications in all vascular beds will decrease. We postulate that EX-programs that engage as much skeletal muscle mass, and recruit as many muscle fibers within each muscle, as possible will generate the greatest improvements in microvascular function, providing the duration of the stimulus is sufficient. Primary improvements in microvascular function occur in tissues (skeletal muscle primarily) engaged during exercise and secondary improvements in microvascular function throughout the body may result from improved blood @entity3 control. We propose that the added benefit of combined resistance and aerobic EX programs and of vigorous intensity EX programs is not simply "more is better". Rather, the additional benefit is the result of EX-induced adaptations in and around more muscle fibers, resulting in more muscle mass, and the associated microvasculature, being changed.

title: Endurance vs. interval sprint training and/or resistance training; impact on @entity2 in type 2 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Cartap is a widely used insecticide which belongs to a member of @entity6 derivatives and acts on nicotinic @entity2 receptor site. Its effects on aquatic species are of grave concern. To explore the potential developmental @entity0 of cartap, @entity3 embryos were continually exposed, from 0.5 to 144h post-fertilization, to a range of concentrations of 25-1000microg/l. Results of the experiment indicated that cartap concentrations of 100microg/l and above negatively affected embryo survival and hatching success. Morphological analysis uncovered a large suite of abnormalities such as less melanin pigmentation, wavy notochord, crooked trunk, fuzzy somites, neurogenesis defects and @entity1 . The most sensitive organ was proved to be the notochord which displayed defects at concentrations as low as 25microg/l. Both sensitivity towards exposure and localization of the defect were stage specific. To elucidate mechanisms concerning notochord, pigmentation, and hatching defects, enzyme assay, RT Q-PCR, and different exposure strategies were performed. For embryos with hatching failure, chorion was verified not to be digested, while removing cartap from exposure at early pre-hatching stage could significantly increase the hatching success. However, cartap was proved, via vitro assay, to have no effect on proteolytic activity of hatching enzyme. These findings implied that the secretion of hatching enzyme might be blocked. We also revealed that cartap inhibited the activity of melanogenic enzyme @entity5 and matrix enzyme @entity4 oxidase and induced expression of their genes. These suggested that cartap could impaired melanin pigmentation of @entity3 embryos through inhibiting @entity5 activity, while inhibition of @entity4 oxidase activity was responsible for notochord undulation, which subsequently caused somite defect, and at least partially responsible for defects in vasculature and neurogenesis.

title: Developmental XXXX of cartap on @entity3 embryos.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Mitochondrial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). We aimed to demonstrate @entity4 in @entity2 using a @entity3 stress test and to examine the relationship between @entity4 with motor deterioration. METHODS: We enrolled 116 @entity0 and observed clinical variables, including the survival state. RESULTS: @entity0 with a rapid slope of revised @entity2 functional rating scales (ALSFRS-r) (>20 U/year) exhibited the slowest elimination rate (median -4.67 * 10-3 mmol  L-1  min-1 , coefficient of variation, 590.15%), the shortest duration (0.63    0.28 years) and the worst ALSFRS-r (32.59    4.93). @entity0 with a moderate slope of ALSFRS-r (10-20 U/year) showed a moderate elimination rate (median -11.33 * 10-3 mmol  L-1  min-1 , coefficient of variation, 309.89%), duration (1.16    0.45 years), and ALSFRS-r (34.83    6.11). The slower progressing (<10 U/year group) @entity0 exhibited a rapid elimination rate (median: -12.00 * 10-3 mmol  L-1  min-1 , coefficient of variation: 143.08%), longer duration (median: 3 years, coefficient of variation: 193.33%), and adequate ALSFRS-r values (39.58    9.44). Advanced-phase @entity2 @entity0 also showed slower elimination rate (ER, quartiles -17.33, -5.67, 4.00) and worse ALSFRS-r (34.88    9.27), while early-phase @entity0 showed a more rapid ER (quartiles -25.17, -11.33, -3.50) and better ALSFRS-r (39.28    7.59). These differences were statistically significant. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed strong direct associations among ER, ALSFRS-r slope (standard beta = 0.33, P = 0.007), and forced vital capacity (predict %) (standard beta = -0.458, P = 0.006, adjusted for ALSFRS-r, course and onset region). However, the data obtained from 3 years of follow-up showed no statistically significant difference in the survival rates between the most rapid and slowest ER groups. CONCLUSION: There is a potential linear relationship between ER and motor deterioration in @entity2 . Slower ER might be associated with @entity1 .

title: Elimination Rate of Serum Lactate is Correlated with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, it has been proved that fractional exhaled @entity4 (FENO) results are in disagreement with other measurements of @entity3 control. The objective of this work is to present and validate new @entity1 ratios. METHODS: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study in which we evaluated data from medical documentation of 1,529 pediatric and adolescent subjects and a small number (2% of the studied population) of young adults, who presented symptoms suggestive of @entity3 (age range 4-24 y). We are the first to analyze results obtained in this manner (before the introduction of controlled medication): FENO, spirometry, specific resistance of the airways, diagnosis of @entity2 , and allergen sensitization (specific immunoglobulin E results). RESULTS: Cut-off points for the new indicators allowed us to diagnose @entity3 in the study @entity0 : for FVC/FENO ratio, 0.17 L/ppb; for FEV1/FENO ratio, 0.15 L/ppb; for forced expiratory flow during the middle half of the FVC maneuver (FEF25-75%)/FENO ratio, 0.16 L/ppb; for FENO/FVC ratio, 11.00 ppb/L; for FENO/FEV1 ratio, 12.53 ppb/L; and for FENO/FEF25-75% ratio, 11.81 ppb/L. Only the ratios described above were closely correlated with the diagnosis of @entity3 and with one another. They significantly differed between subjects with @entity3 and healthy subjects as well as between females and males. Only FEF25-75%/FENO and FENO/FEF25-75% values were significant predictors of any sensitization in the studied subjects. We found higher sensitivity than specificity and higher positive predictive value than negative predictive value for FVC/FENO, FEV1/FENO, and FEF25-75%/FENO and found a mirror image for reverse parameters. However, the positive predictive values and negative predictive values were not clearly convincing with respect to diagnostic accuracy in the case of the new parameters proposed. CONCLUSIONS: We propose new @entity1 ratios by which it may become possible to diagnose @entity3 in @entity0 and adolescents on the basis of a subject's spirometry and FENO measurements. We believe that our ratios are only supportive of the universally used parameters in the process of diagnosing @entity3 .

title: Spirometry-Adjusted Fraction of Exhaled XXXX Allows Asthma Diagnosis in @entity0 , Adolescents, and Young Adults.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To date the standard nosology and prognostic schemes for @entity1 have been based on morphologic and cytogenetic criteria. We sought to test the hypothesis that a comprehensive, unbiased analysis of somatic mutations may allow for an improved classification of these diseases to predict outcome (overall survival). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We performed whole-exome sequencing (WES) of 274 @entity1 , including @entity2 ( @entity2 , N=75), @entity4 ( @entity4 , N=33), and @entity3 ( @entity3 , N=22), augmenting the resulting mutational data with public WES results from @entity3 (N=144). We fit random survival forests (RSFs) to the @entity0 survival and clinical/cytogenetic data, with and without gene mutation information, to build prognostic classifiers. A targeted sequencing assay was used to sequence predictor genes in an independent cohort of 507 @entity0 , whose accompanying data were used to evaluate performance of the risk classifiers. RESULTS: We show that gene mutations modify the impact of standard clinical variables on @entity0 outcome, and therefore their incorporation hones the accuracy of prediction. The mutation-based classification scheme robustly predicted @entity0 outcome in the validation set (log rank P=6.77*10(-21); poor prognosis vs. good prognosis categories HR 10.4, 95% CI 3.21-33.6). The RSF-based approach also compares favorably with recently-published efforts to incorporate mutational information for @entity2 prognosis. CONCLUSION: The results presented here support the inclusion of mutational information in prognostic classification of @entity1 . Our classification scheme is implemented in a publicly available web-based tool (http://myeloid-risk. CASE: edu/).

title: Whole-exome sequencing enhances prognostic classification of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Many @entity0 with a late @entity1 -resistant @entity12 (SRNS) and focal @entity6 have a poor prognosis and @entity4 (ESRF) within five years. Reports are scarce on the long-term follow-up of @entity0 entering remission while receiving immunosuppressive therapy after @entity3 have failed. A two-year-old @entity0 with focal and segmental @entity6 having both late @entity1 and @entity8 resistance entered complete remission of the SRNS almost two years after starting induction therapy with @entity2 ( @entity9 ). During the 15-year follow-up, the @entity0 experienced five relapses during @entity9 maintenance therapy. All relapses were successfully treated within 10 days by intravenous @entity11 pulses in addition to @entity9 . The relapses were accompanied by a drop in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). At the age of 18 years, the @entity0 had @entity7 (GFR=61 ml/ @entity10 .73 m2). At the age of 14 years, @entity5 ( @entity13 ) was added to the maintenance therapy and the @entity9 dosage was reduced. Two renal biopsies at the ages of 10 and 18 years failed to detect @entity9 nephrotoxicity. We conclude that @entity0 with SRNS may have long-term benefit from a combination therapy using intravenous @entity11 pulses and @entity9 .

title: Fifteen-year remission of a @entity1 -resistant @entity12 sustained by XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The purpose of this experimental study was to establish a short-term post-mortem circulation in a @entity3 model using liquid paraffin. This study also investigated the quality of vascular perfusion in the peripheral tissues. This is the first step in the development of a new revascularized @entity0 surgical training model. This first experience was performed on the hind leg of a @entity3 . Initial cannulation of the external iliac artery and vein was followed by connection of the arterial inflow to a @entity1 and using the venous outflow to flush @entity4 and blood. Subsequently, after connecting the venous outflow to the @entity1 , circulation was initiated. Circulation was established during 27  min, during which the flow was constantly 130  mL/min. A steady increase in inlet pressure was observed during the experiment, which finally reached a minimum value of 124  mmHg. Perfusion was interrupted early due to an uncontrollable fluid leak. Afterwards, the distal hind leg was incised showing an equal distribution of @entity2 . A short-term revascularization was successfully re-established under excellent conditions. Although the results are promising, further experiments are necessary to eventually perform a wide range of surgical procedures on revascularized @entity0 cadavers.

title: Post-mortem Reperfusion of a XXXX : a First Step to a New Surgical Training Model?

answer: @entity3