abstract: @entity3 2 @entity1 (T2DM) is frequently regarded as a disease of @entity2 and its occurrence in individuals of normal body mass index (BMI) is often regarded as indicating a non- @entity2 -related subtype. However, the evidence for such a distinct, common subtype is lacking. The United Kingdom Prospective @entity1 Study (UKPDS) cohort of @entity0 diagnosed with T2DM in the 1970s and 1980s had a median BMI of only 28  kg/m2. UKPDS data form the basis of current understanding of the condition even though one in three of those studied had a BMI of less than 25  kg/m2. BMI, though, is a population measure and not a rigid personal guide. Weight loss is considered de rigueur for treating @entity2 diabetic individuals, but it is not usually considered for those deemed to have a normal BMI. Given the new evidence that early T2DM can be reversed to normal @entity4 tolerance by substantial weight loss, it is important to explain why non-overweight @entity0 respond to this intervention as well as @entity2 individuals. We hypothesize that each individual has a personal fat threshold (PFT) which, if exceeded, makes likely the development of T2DM. Subsequent weight loss to take the individual below their level of susceptibility should allow return to normal @entity4 control. Crucially, the hypothesized PFT is independent of BMI. It allows both understanding of development of T2DM in the @entity2 and remission of @entity1 after substantial weight loss in @entity0 who remain @entity2 by definition. To illustrate this concept, we present the distribution curve of BMI at diagnosis for the UKPDS cohort, together with a diagram explaining individual behaviour within the population. The concept of PFT is of practical benefit in explaining the onset of @entity1 and its logical management to the @entity2 majority of @entity0 with T2DM.

title: Normal weight individuals who develop @entity3  2 XXXX : the personal fat threshold.

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the effects of autologous blood vessels and nerves on vascularization. METHODS: A @entity1 model of tissue-engineered bone vascularization was established by constructing @entity2 bundles through the mandibular canal. Sixteen 12-month-old healthy beagles were randomly divided into two groups (n=8). Group A retained @entity2 bundles, and Group B retained @entity0 . Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were injected into b-tricalcium phosphate to prepare internal tissue-engineered bone scaffold. A personalized @entity3 mesh was then prepared by rapid prototyping and fixed by external @entity3 scaffold. Two @entity1 in each group were sacrificed on the 30th, 45th, 60th and 90th postoperative days respectively. The bone was visually examined, scanned by CT, and subjected to HE staining, immunohistochemical staining, vascular casting and PCR to detect the changes in osteogenesis and vascularization. RESULTS: The two groups had similar outcomes in regard to osteogenesis and vascularization (P>0.05): both showed remarkable regenerative capacities. CONCLUSIONS: The model of tissue-engineered bone vascularization is potentially applicable in clinical practice to allow satisfactory osteogenesis and vascularization.

title: The effects of separating XXXX bundles on osteogenesis of tissue-engineered bone and vascularization.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current applications of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) data in age studies are not free of certain drawbacks. Since it is well established that age-related patterns of @entity1 changes involve three distinct periods (bone acquisition in youth, stabilization at maturity, and decrease with ageing), adjusting for age via an inappropriate mathematical function may lead to inconsistencies and wrong conclusions. HYPOTHESIS: The piecewise model, which encompasses the above three periods, will accurately describe the @entity1 on age. OBJECTIVE: To examine age-related patterns of @entity1 changes using a number of possible mathematical functions and to find among them the best-fitting function. Next, to test whether the chosen function is universally applicable or if there are diverse population-specific functions. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirteen ethnic samples from various regions of Europe and Asia, assigned into five ethnic-geographic groups, were examined. The total sample included 2430 males and 2515 females. Compact @entity1 of hand phalanges was measured by photodensitometry from plain radiographs of each individual studied. Statistical software was developed for the purposes of the present study; this software gave a maximum likelihood of the parameter estimates for various statistical models (functions). RESULTS: In all samples of sufficient size and representative age range, a two-interval function was found as the best fitting and most parsimonious model to describe the @entity1 age-related changes. This two-interval function was characterized by age-related bone mass increase, positive slope beta(1s) in young age or a plateau (beta(1s) = 0, i.e. no age-related changes) until a sex-specific age threshold, T(0), after which annual @entity2 ensued with a slope coefficient beta(2s). Threshold of @entity2 in @entity0 of different ethnic groups ranged between 37.85 and 47.77 years, and roughly coincided with perimenopausal age. In males, the age T(0) varied between 27.85 and 49.07 years. The ensuing cortical @entity2 appeared to be linear in both sexes, averaging between 0.51% and 1.15% in @entity0 and between 0.74% and 1.77% per year of young age @entity1 value in females. CONCLUSIONS: The change of phalangeal @entity1 with age may be best described by a two-interval function, regardless of sex and ethnic background. However, specific parameter estimates depend both on gender and ethnic affiliation. This study has yielded a well-fitted model of @entity1 on age suitable for further use in population studies.

title: Modelling of age-related XXXX using cross-sectional data.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The postnatal development of intestinal @entity3 transport in the @entity0 was examined using the villus technique. Jejunal uptake of @entity4 was linear with respect to incubation concentration at all study ages. Ileal uptake was linear with @entity4 concentration during the first 2 postnatal weeks; a curvilinear relationship indicating the presence of saturable transport appeared during the third week. With the appearance of ileal active transport at age 3 weeks, the Km (app) was constant at 0.49 mM, 0.59 mM, and 0.50 mM in 3-week, 4-week, and adult animals, respectively. The V(app) was 14.65 nmol X mg-1 (dry wt) X min-1 at 3 weeks and declined with age to 11.40 and 10.51 nmol X mg-1 (dry wt) X min-1 in 4-week and adult animals, respectively. The role of physico-chemical changes in the microvillus membrane in the development of ileal active transport was examined. With increasing postnatal age, microvillus membrane @entity1 content rose while the phospholipid content remained unchanged in both ileum and jejunum. Corresponding rises in the @entity1 /phospholipid ratio were observed in both sites. Simultaneously, the microvillus membrane @entity2 composition was changing from predominantly saturated to unsaturated species in both ileum and jejunum. The microvillus membrane fluorescence anisotropy (r) increased with postnatal age in jejunum when measured at 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C and ileum when measured at 25 degrees C; however, no change was noted in ileum when measured at 37 degrees C. Ileal active @entity3 transport develops during the third postnatal week, and is associated with concurrent changes in membrane lipid composition and fluidity when measured at 25 degrees C.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Postnatal development of intestinal XXXX transport. Relationship to membrane physico-chemical changes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: There is controversy about whether 3- or 6-month molecular assessment predicts progression-free and overall survival in those with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The factors predicting molecular response at 3, 6, and 12 months have not been studied extensively. The study objective was to study the factors affecting molecular response at 3 and 6 months in @entity0 with @entity3 who are receiving @entity5 mesylate. METHODS: We prospectively enrolled @entity0 with newly diagnosed @entity3 who were receiving @entity5 as the initial therapy for @entity3 . The diagnosis of @entity3 was based on clinical examination, bone marrow, and demonstration of @entity4 (IS) transcripts by polymerase chain reaction. The molecular response(IS) was assessed at 3, 6, and 12 months by GeneXpert (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA) and co-related with various baseline characteristics of @entity0 . We also looked at whether early achievement of a complete hematologic response within 6 weeks predicts molecular response at 3 or 6 months. The study took place at a tertiary care hospital in Northwest India catering to @entity0 belonging to low-middle socioeconomic status. RESULTS: We enrolled 131 @entity0 with @entity3 in the chronic phase from July 1, 2013, to August 31, 2014. The median age of the @entity0 was 40 years (range, 13-67) with a male preponderance (61% were male). Most @entity0 presented with symptoms of low-grade fever (52.7%) and abdominal fullness (26.7%). Spleen was palpable in 84.7% of @entity0 . The median hemoglobin at presentation was 10.8 g/dL (range, 4.8-18.4 g/dL), white cell count was 138.3  * 10(9)/L (4.1-697  * 10(9)/L), and platelet count was 326  * 10(9)/L (85-1819  * 10(9)/L). The median number of peripheral blood basophils was 3% (range, 0%-20%), and blasts were 3% (range, 0%-10%). @entity6 of more than grade 1 was present in 30% of @entity0 . Most @entity0 belonged to intermediate Sokal (45.8%) and Hasford (55%) scores and low EUropean Treatment Outcome Study (78.6%) score. Of 128 evaluable @entity0 at 3 months, 96.9% achieved @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 82.3% achieved @entity4 (IS) of less than 10%. None of the @entity0 who had @entity4 (IS) > 10% at 3 months achieved @entity4 (IS)  < 1% at 6 months or  < 0.1% at 12 months. Early achievement of @entity2 (<  6  weeks), peripheral blood blast count of  < 5%, and @entity1 dehydrogenase  < 851 U/L were significantly associated with achievement of @entity4 (IS)  < 10% at 3 months and @entity4 (IS)  < 1% at 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity4 (IS) assessment at 3 months is superior to assessment at 6 months. @entity0 with @entity3 in the chronic phase who achieve @entity2 within 6 weeks are more likely to achieve @entity4 (IS)  < 10% at 3 months and  < 1% at 6 months than @entity0 who achieve @entity2 between 7 and 12 weeks.

title: Factors Affecting Early Molecular Response in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The purpose of this review is to summarize the results of reports of injectable agents for the treatment of female urinary stress @entity0 . Five agents were reviewed: collagen, Teflon, autologous fat, @entity1 microparticles, and @entity1 microballoons. Collagen was the most frequently reported agent and yielded short-term cure and improved rates of 74%-100%. This deteriorated to approximately 57% with longer term follow-up. Teflon has similarly lower longer term than short-term success rates, at 33%-76%. The reported local complications and the potential for particle migration have resulted in its lack of widespread acceptance. Autologous fat has yielded the lowest success rate. Longer term success in a small number of @entity1 microparticle articles was similar to the other injectables at approximately 60%. Early success with @entity1 microballoons was 70%. The technique is generally free of major morbidity. The indication for injectables is @entity2 but @entity3 is not a contraindication. Long-term durability, cost effectiveness, and some safety issues still have to be addressed by further clinical trials.

title: Current status of injectable agents for female stress urinary XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Whereas focal and diffuse @entity1 on conventional MRI is seen in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ), the spinal cord seems to be rarely involved. Diffusion tensor (DT) MRI provides information on the patterns of tissue disruption of the central nervous system, which may go undetected by conventional MRI. OBJECTIVE: To quantify the extent of otherwise "occult" injury of the cervical cord in @entity6 , and to improve our understanding of its nature. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Conventional and DT MRI scans of the cervical cord and brain were acquired from 11 @entity0 with @entity6 and 10 healthy controls. Histograms of @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and fractional anisotropy (FA) of the cervical cord and brain were analysed. Measures of cervical cord and @entity3 and focal lesion loads were computed. RESULTS: Only one @entity0 had a single focal lesion of the cord whereas all had multiple @entity1 on conventional MRI scans. Cord and brain volumes did not differ between @entity0 and controls. Mean peak height of the cervical cord @entity4 histogram (p = 0.0001) and average brain FA (p = 0.001) were significantly lower in @entity0 than in controls. Average cord @entity4 was correlated with average brain @entity4 (r = 0.69, p = 0.01) and FA (r = -0.81, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: DT MRI shows mild and otherwise "occult" @entity2 in @entity6 , which might be secondary to @entity5 passing trough damaged areas of the brain.

title: Assessing "occult" cervical @entity2 in @entity0 with XXXX using diffusion tensor MRI.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Individuals are regularly documented to consistently differ in their behavioural types (BTs). For example, some individuals are bold whereas others are shy. Within the @entity0 personality literature, the big five personality dimensions are commonly documented to be sex-specific with @entity2 suggested to underpin traits such as @entity1 . In non- @entity0 animals recent research suggests sex-specific BT expression may be influenced by ecology, mating system and sexual selection. While most research on sex-specific personality has focused on dioecious species, we explore sex differences in BT expression in a sequential hermaphrodite the mangrove @entity3 . We replicate within 7 isogenic genotypes and investigate sex differences (hermaphrodite and secondary male) in three BTs (exploration, boldness and @entity1 ). This approach allows us to investigate sex differences in BT expression whilst controlling for genetic variation. In this study we find that both secondary males and hermaphrodites are repeatable at the individual level yet there was no difference between the sexes in average BT scores. Furthermore, @entity1 scores differed between genotypes, and were repeatable at the genotype level, suggesting strong genetic control. Finally, male boldness was significantly more repeatable than hermaphrodites potentially supporting recent proposals relating to sexual selection. We document a behavioural syndrome in male fish with bolder individuals being more aggressive, this behavioural syndrome was not observed however in hermaphrodites. In contrast to a previous developmental study in this species exploration did not correlate with either @entity1 or boldness in either males or hermaphrodites.

title: Sequential hermaphroditism and personality in a clonal vertebrate: the mangrove XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The clinical picture of an acute abdomen is frequently encountered in emergency medicine. In most cases abdominal pathologies underlie this condition, however, also extra-abdominal diseases may present or cause an acute abdomen. The fact that this condition is potentially life-threatening highlights the importance of instant action. Here, we report on the case of a young @entity0 that presented with an acute abdomen in our clinic. Imaging revealed a massively distended @entity3 reaching the lesser pelvis. Initially, the etiology for the @entity4 remained unsolved. On the same day we performed an explorative laparotomy in which massive amounts of clotted, undigested food was recovered via a gastrotomy. Postoperatively, upon @entity1 consultation, an @entity2 with daily eating binges could be revealed as being the cause for the acute and dramatic @entity4 . The @entity0 fully recovered from surgery and @entity1 co-treatment was initiated. This unique case report demonstrates how a @entity1 condition may lead to an acute abdomen, however, it also emphasizes the importance of prompt diagnosis and adequate therapy to avoid complications and allowing for full recovery.

title: Massive XXXX caused by eating binges demanding surgical intervention: a case report.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tendon @entity2 are common musculoskeletal injuries all around the world. Correct and timely diagnosis of @entity3 is obviously important for improving the treatment and minimizing the community costs. Ultrasound is now being considered as one of useful modalities in this area. OBJECTIVE: The preset study is going to validate the diagnostic ability of ultrasound in @entity3 induced by penetrating extremity @entity1 . METHODS: In this prospective, observational study, @entity0 with penetrating extremity @entity1 and suspicion of @entity3 were enrolled in our study. A team of emergency medicine (EM) residents performed ultrasound examination in these cases after attending the specific workshop and acquiring necessary skills in normal and abnormal tendon ultrasound examination. Then another team of either EM or orthopedic residents explored @entity0 ' wounds and determined intact or injured tendons under direct visual observation. The results were analyzed to validate sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound as an alternative diagnostic test. RESULTS: Seventy-one @entity0 were enrolled in our study and 11 @entity0 were excluded during one year in 2014. Sixty @entity0 , 11 with lower extremity and 49 with @entity4 were evaluated, among them 32 @entity0 had extensor zone and 28 @entity0 had flexure zone injuries. The overall sensitivity and specificity were calculated 94.4% (95% CI 72.7-99.8%) and 100% (95% 91.5-100.0%) respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results were similar to previous findings. Ultrasound can effectively differentiate injured from intact tendons in penetrating extremity @entity1 .

title: Validity of ultrasound in diagnosis of XXXX in penetrating extremity @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 are the most common @entity6 . @entity5 occur with a frequency of 3-12/1000 births. A special group is constituted by @entity0 with @entity4 because their treatment is extremely complex, requiring three-stage surgery and the involvement of various specialists. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We analysed 100 @entity0 with @entity5 in the form of @entity4 ( @entity4 ). They were compared with a control group of 100 newborns without structural @entity3 . The @entity0 's parents were asked to fill out a questionnaire consisting of 10 simple questions. It had been constructed in consultation with a psychologist in order not to offend the feelings of the parents affected by the illness of their offspring. RESULTS: @entity5 were present in the family medical histories of 16 @entity4 @entity0 and 11 healthy @entity0 (p = 0.4). @entity1 were present in the family medical histories of 13 @entity4 @entity0 and 15 healthy @entity0 (p = 0.73). In the @entity4 group, the mothers smoked cigarettes or were exposed to @entity2 smoke in 32% of cases; in the control group, this proportion amounted to 23% (p = 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: The study found no relationship between the occurrence of @entity4 in @entity0 and the parents' age, the presence of @entity1 , or @entity3 in the family medical histories.

title: The impact of environmental factors on the occurrence of @entity3 in the form of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) specific for leukocyte differentiation molecules (LDMs) were developed during the past few decades to expand reagents for research in ruminants, @entity2 , and @entity1 . The specificity of some of the mAb-defined molecules was determined through participation in international workshops. Other molecules identified with mAbs during this time, and more recently with mAbs developed after the workshops, have remained partially characterized. Efforts are now underway to characterize the specificity of these mAbs. As reported here, flow cytometry (FC) was used to screen two sets of hybridomas to determine how many of the hybridomas produce mAbs that detect molecules with up-regulated expression on activated lymphocytes or NK cells. Thirty four hybridomas were identified. Comparison of the patterns of reactivity of the mAbs showed some of the mAbs formed clusters that recognize 5 different molecules. FC showed one cluster recognized @entity7 . Use of mass spectrometry showed 4 clusters recognized orthologues of @entity6 , CD50, gp96 and @entity8 ( @entity8 ). Verification and documentation that @entity6 , CD50, and @entity8 were only up-regulated on activated cells was obtained with PBMC from @entity0 vaccinated with a @entity4 @entity3 mutant, Map-relA. @entity6 and CD50 were up-regulated on NK cells, @entity5 and CD8 T cells and y   T cells. @entity8 was only up-regulated on @entity5 , CD8, and y   T cells. gp96 was detected on granulocytes, monocytes and activated NK cells. Detection was attributable to the binding of gp96 to its receptor CD91.

title: Characterization and expression of monoclonal antibody-defined molecules on resting and activated XXXX ab, y   T and NK cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: In primary health care systems where member's turnover is relatively low, the question, whether investment in quality of care improvement can make a business case, or is cost effective, has not been fully answered.The objectives of this study were: (1) to investigate the relationship between improvement in selected measures of @entity1 (type 2) care and @entity0 ' health outcomes; and (2) to estimate the association between improvement in performance and direct medical costs. METHODS: A time series study with three quality indicators - Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) testing, HbA1C and LDL- @entity2 (LDL-C) control - which were analyzed in @entity0 with @entity1 , insured by a large health fund. Health outcomes measures used: hospitalization days, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) visits and mortality. Poisson, GEE and Cox regression models were employed. Covariates: age, gender and socio-economic rank. RESULTS: 96,553 adult (age >18) @entity0 with @entity1 were analyzed. The performance of the study indicators, significantly and steadily improved during the study period (2003-2009). Poor HbA1C (>9%) and inappropriate LDL-C control (>100  mg/dl) were significantly associated with number of hospitalization days. @entity3 visits did not achieve statistical significance. Improvement in HbA1C control was associated with an annual average of 2% reduction in hospitalization days, leading to substantial reduction in tertiary costs. The Hazard ratio for mortality, associated with poor HbA1C and LDL-C, control was 1.78 and 1.17, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrates the effect of continuous improvement in quality care indicators, on health outcomes and resource utilization, among @entity0 with @entity1 . These findings support the business case for quality, especially in healthcare systems with relatively low enrollee turnover, where providers, in the long term, could "harvest" their investments in improving quality.

title: The association between improved quality @entity1 indicators, health outcomes and costs: towards constructing a "business case" for quality of XXXX care - a time series study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to evaluate the comparison of insertion of levonorgestrel (LNG)-releasing intrauterine system versus oral @entity5 on @entity3 in a randomized controlled trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 @entity0 with the initial histopathological diagnosis of @entity3 in two groups received LNG or @entity4 (10 mg/d orally) for 12 days a month for 3 months). Endometrial biopsy was obtained for all @entity0 after 3 months of treatment. Response to treatment was defined based on the histopathology of the post treatment pipelle endometrial specimens in three categories of resolution, persistence and progression. RESULTS: Treatment response rate in @entity0 in the LNG group was 89.3% (25 of 28 @entity0 ), versus 70.4% (19 of 27 @entity0 ) in @entity0 in the @entity4 group. The rate of persistence was 10.7% (3 of 28 @entity0 ) and 22.2% (6 of 27 @entity0 ) in LNG and @entity4 groups respectively. No progression of @entity3 observed in any of the @entity0 in LNG group, but progression of @entity3 was observed in 7.4% (2 of 27 @entity0 ) in the @entity4 group. There was no statistically significant difference between groups regarding the response to treatment (P = 0.15). Side effects such as bloating, @entity1 , @entity2 and hair loss were comparable between the groups (P > 0.05). Hirsutism was significantly more in the @entity4 group than LNG group (P = 0.013). CONCLUSION: Results showed that the use of LNG for treating @entity3 for 3 months was associated with high-treatment response rate and the low proportion of @entity0 with progression compared to the use of @entity4 .

title: Levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (Mirena) in compare to @entity5 as a therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and efficacy of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts (TIPS) in controlling @entity2 from esophageal varices in @entity0 awaiting liver transplantation. DESIGN: Prospective, uncontrolled trial. SETTING: University medical center with an active liver transplant program. @entity0 : Thirteen @entity0 referred for liver transplantation with either active @entity2 or recurrent @entity2 despite sclerotherapy; four @entity0 had been previously treated with surgical portosystemic shunts. INTERVENTION: An intrahepatic portosystemic shunt created via a transjugular approach to the hepatic veins using expandable, flexible metallic stents. MEASUREMENTS: Portal pressures before and after the creation of the shunt, the direction of portal blood flow at differing diameters of the shunts, procedure-related complications, and outcome in terms of survival, liver transplantation, and recurrent @entity2 . MAIN RESULTS: The transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt was placed successfully in 13 @entity0 , and @entity2 was controlled acutely in all 13. After the procedure, the mean portal pressure decreased from 34 +/- 8.9 cm @entity3 to 22.4 +/- 5.4 cm @entity3 (P less than 0.001). No complications were associated with the procedure; however, two @entity0 died of causes unrelated to the procedure. Seven @entity0 subsequently underwent liver transplantation and are doing well, and three @entity0 are being managed conservatively. Bleeding recurred in one @entity0 102 days after the procedure secondary to @entity1 caused by neointimal proliferation. CONCLUSION: Placement of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt is apparently safe and effective therapy for @entity2 in @entity0 referred for liver transplantation.

title: Using transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts to control XXXX before liver transplantation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The objective of this study was to assess and compare the chromosome abnormalities present in sporadic and primary sclerosing @entity5 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 . Histologic sections from 22 @entity0 with CCA (16 sporadic and 6 @entity5 associated), 5 of whom had associated @entity6 , and 2 @entity5 @entity0 with @entity3 alone were assessed for chromosomal alterations with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH involved the use of a multiprobe set consisting of centromere-specific probes for chromosomes 3, 7, and 17 and a locus-specific probe for 9p21. The number of signals for each of these probes was enumerated in 50 nonoverlapping interphase nuclei, and the percentage of nuclei containing 0, 1, 2, and 3 or more signals was recorded for each probe. @entity4 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry. Gain of at least 1 chromosome was identified in 19 of 22 (86%) invasive @entity1 and in 4 of 7 (57%) @entity3 . Gain of 2 or more chromosomes (polysomy) was observed in 17 of 22 (77%) invasive @entity1 and in 3 of 7 (43%) @entity3 . Homozygous loss of 9p21 was identified in 11 of 22 (50%) invasive @entity1 and in 3 of 7 (43%) @entity3 . The patterns of chromosomal abnormalities detected by FISH in @entity5 -associated and sporadic @entity2 were similar. Nine of 13 (69%) invasive @entity1 and 2 of 5 (40%) @entity3 with complete loss of @entity4 expression by immunohistochemistry showed allelic loss of 9p21 by FISH. Polysomy and homozygous 9p21 deletion are common in both sporadic and @entity5 -associated @entity2 and are frequently detectable in @entity5 -associated @entity3 .

title: An assessment of chromosomal alterations detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization and @entity4 expression in sporadic and @entity5 -associated XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To determine @entity8 ( @entity8 ) prevalence and associated manifestations or risk factors in healthy adult Emiratis. METHODS: It is a cross-sectional prospective study, recruiting 1197 (573 @entity0 and 624 @entity0 ) healthy Emiratis between September 2007 and April 2008 among those who went to Al Ain Hospital to undertake the prenuptial examination. Test for anti-tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA antibodies was used for @entity8 diagnosis. Subjects with positive results in the anti tTG antibodies assay were also tested for anti-endomysial (EMA) IgA antibodies. A structured interview was used to collect basic demographic and clinical recall data including: information on name, contact address, age, gender, education status, previous diagnosis of @entity8 , diagnosis of @entity8 in 1(st) degree relatives and history of "chronic @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity2 , @entity1 , and @entity7 ". RESULTS: Fourteen blood samples (1.17%; 14/1197) were seropositive for @entity8 . The latent @entity8 seropositive @entity0 were 13 @entity0 and 1 @entity0 and therefore the seroprevalence of @entity8 was 1:86 (14/1197) for adult Emiratis: 1:44 (13/573) for @entity0 and 1:624 for @entity0 . Binary logistic regression revealed that history of @entity6 (crude OR = 7.09; 95%CI: 2.32-21.61; P = 0.003) and being a @entity0 (OR = 14.46; 95%CI: 1.89-110.91; P = 0.001) were associated with @entity8 seropositivity. Whereas, the @entity7 showed a positive association with @entity8 seropositivity that approach statistical significance (OR = 11.30; 95%CI: 1.32-96.95; P = 0.09) and therefore was included in the multiple logistic regression analysis, which showed that @entity8 seropositivity is independently associated only with history of @entity6 (OR = 4.58; 95%CI: 1.45-14.48; P = 0.01) and being a @entity0 @entity0 (OR = 10.47; 95%CI: 1.33-82.14; P = 0.026). CONCLUSION: Compared to @entity0 the @entity8 seroprevalence among @entity0 was remarkably higher. The @entity8 association with @entity0 and @entity6 is of importance from a public health perspective.

title: Seroprevalence of XXXX among United Arab Emirates healthy adult nationals: a gender disparity.

answer: @entity8


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the anatomopathologic characteristics of @entity1 infiltrating the bladder detrusor. DESIGN: Descriptive anatomopathologic study. SETTING: Tertiary care center for @entity1 . @entity0 (S): Four @entity0 , aged 22-38 years, who underwent laparotomy for @entity3 . INTERVENTION(S): Surgical excision and pathologic analysis of bladder endometriotic nodules in four @entity0 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Gross and microscopic characteristics of endometriotic nodules. RESULT(S): A nodule of @entity4 on the anterior wall of the uterus, in continuity with the detrusor lesion, was excised in three @entity0 . In the other @entity0 , @entity3 was continuous with a nodule that infiltrated the left parametrium and extended as far as the posterior leaf of the ipsilateral broad ligament. Microscopically, all of the lesions had a similar histologic pattern: foci of @entity1 scattered in the bladder wall. The main feature was the paucity of @entity2 , particularly in the bladder submucosa, where glands were almost always dilated and cystlike and were lined by flattened cells. CONCLUSION(S): Analysis of our @entity0 , although it does not pinpoint the pathogenesis of the disease, seems to exclude the hypothesized intraperitoneal origin of endometriotic lesions of the bladder detrusor.

title: @entity3 : deep infiltrating @entity1 or XXXX ?

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 is a major cause of @entity6 . To understand the mechanism of both innate and adaptive immunity in @entity2 is of great significance in the treatment and prevention of @entity3 . Our previous study concerned innate immunity. Here, we explored the potential role of @entity8 in adaptive immunity of @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) were stimulated with @entity1 hyphae (10(6) pieces/ml) with or without @entity8 siRNA, and Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were cultured with or without @entity8 . HCECs and PBMCs were co-cultured in a transwell system for various periods. Then we collected PBMCs and detected the proliferation and activation as well as T helper type 2 (Th2) differentiation by flow cytometry and quantitative RT-PCR. IgG and IgA levels in supernatants of PBMCs were measured by means of ELISA. RESULTS: @entity8 could induce a Th2 response in vitro, and the expression of @entity8 was highly increased in HCECs stimulated with A. fumigatus hyphae. @entity1 -infected HCECs were capable of promoting @entity0 lymphocyte proliferation, and activating @entity0 @entity4 (+) T cells, @entity5 (+) T cells, and B cells by up-regulating expression of activation marker @entity7 . Importantly, Th2 differentiation of @entity4 (+) T cells was induced during co-culture with A. fumigatus-infected HCECs in a transwell system. Intersetingly, blockade of @entity8 using siRNA prevented the proliferation and activation of lymphocytes as well as Th2 differentiation. We also detected an increased IgG level that was associated with @entity8 . CONCLUSION: These findings suggested that HCEC-derived @entity8 has a key role in adaptive immune responses of @entity3 via skewing Th2 differentiation and promoting humoral immunity. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity1 promotes T helper type 2 responses through thymic stromal lymphopoietin production by XXXX corneal epithelial cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative @entity1 is usually experienced by @entity0 awaiting surgical procedures and it can negatively impact @entity0 's outcome. The Amsterdam Preoperative @entity1 and Information Scale (APAIS) is a questionnaire created to identify anxious @entity0 and their need for information: it has been translated and validated in many languages because of its reliability and ease of completion. To date, no Italian version of the APAIS has been produced; our aim was to translate and validate the APAIS in Italian. METHODS: We produced an Italian version of the APAIS and we administered it to 110 @entity0 undergoing elective surgery; we explored its structure by factor analysis and its reliability by Cronbach's alpha. We analyzed its external validity by confronting it to the Spielberg's State-Trait @entity1 Inventory (STAI). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of Italian version of the APAIS were determined. RESULTS: Italian version of the APAIS confirmed the original structure of the questionnaire and its internal consistency; it well correlated with the STAI-Y1, the subscale of the STAI which explore the @entity1 "state". An APAIS score of 14 was found as best cutoff to distinguish anxious and non-anxious @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: Italian translation of the APAIS showed psychometric properties similar to the original version. Its reliability and its efficiency make it a powerful tool even in Italian population to detect @entity1 and need for information.

title: Italian validation of the Amsterdam Preoperative XXXX and Information Scale (APAIS).

answer: @entity1


abstract: The Tec1 and Tec2 transposons of the ciliate Euplotes crassus carry a gene for a @entity0 -type site-specific recombinase. The expression of the Tec2 gene apparently uses a programmed +1 frameshift. To test this hypothesis, we first examined whether this gene has evolved under purifying selection in Tec1 and Tec2. Each element carries three genes, and each has evolved under purifying selection for the function of its encoded protein, as evidenced by a dearth of nonsynonymous changes. This distortion of divergence is apparent in codons both 5' and 3' of the frameshift site. Thus, Tec2 transposons have diverged from each other while using a programmed +1 frameshift to produce recombinase, the function of which is under purifying selection. What might this function be? @entity0 -type site-specific recombinases are extremely rare in eukaryotes, and @entity1 elements are the first known eukaryotic type II transposons to encode a site-specific recombinase. @entity1 elements also encode a widespread transposase. The @entity1 recombinase might function in transposition, resolve products of transposition (bacterial replicative transposons use recombinase or resolvase to separate joined replicons), or provide a function that benefits the ciliate host. Transposons in ciliated protozoa are removed from the macronucleus, and it has been proposed that the transposons provide this "excisase" activity.

title: Selection on the genes of Euplotes crassus Tec1 and Tec2 transposons: evolutionary appearance of a programmed frameshift in a Tec2 gene encoding a XXXX family site-specific recombinase.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Carotenoids, @entity2 and @entity1 may contribute to the observed beneficial effects of increased vegetable intake. Currently, knowledge on the bioavailability of these compounds from vegetables is limited. We compared the efficacy of different vegetables, at the same level of intake (i.e. 300 g/d), in increasing plasma levels of carotenoids, @entity2 and @entity1 and we investigated if disruption of the vegetable matrix would enhance the bioavailability of these micronutrients. In an @entity0 , sixty-nine volunteers consumed a control meal without vegetables and three out of four vegetable meals (i.e. broccoli, green @entity5 , whole leaf @entity4 , chopped @entity4 ; containing between 1.7 and 24.6 mg @entity3 , 3.8 and 26 mg @entity6 , 0.22 and 0.60 mg @entity2 and 26 and 93 mg @entity1 ) or a meal supplemented with synthetic @entity3 (33.3 mg). Meals were consumed for 4 d and fasting blood samples were taken at the end of each period. Consumption of the @entity4 -supplemented meal did not affect plasma levels of @entity3 , although the @entity3 content was 10-fold those of broccoli and green @entity5 , which induced significant increases in plasma @entity3 levels (28 (95% CI 6.4, 55)% and 26 (95% CI 2.6, 54)% respectively). The @entity3 -supplemented meal increased plasma concentrations of @entity3 effectively (517 (95% CI 409, 648)%). All vegetable meals increased the plasma concentrations of @entity6 and @entity1 significantly. Broccoli and green @entity5 were, when expressed per mg carotenoid consumed, also more effective sources of @entity6 than @entity4 . A significant increase in plasma @entity2 concentration was found only after consumption of the @entity4 -supplemented meal, which provided the highest level of @entity2 . Disruption of the @entity4 matrix increased the plasma responses to both @entity6 (14 (95% CI 3.7, 25)%) and @entity2 (10 (95% CI 2.2, 18)%), whereas it did not affect the response to @entity3 . We conclude that the bioavailabilities of @entity3 and @entity6 vary substantially among different vegetables and that the bioavailabilities of @entity6 and @entity2 from @entity4 can be improved by disruption of the vegetable matrix.

title: Influence of feeding different vegetables on plasma levels of carotenoids, @entity2 and XXXX . Effect of disruption of the vegetable matrix.

answer: @entity1


abstract: As an adjuvant to chemotherapy @entity4 has proven to be successful as a treatment for osteo- and @entity6 @entity0 . The aim of this study was to investigate whether @entity4 could increase cellular expression of heat-shock-protein 72 in @entity0 osteo- and @entity6 cells and how heat treatment would affect their susceptibility to natural killer cell (NK-cell)-mediated lysis. About 5-10% of the peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PBMC) in the @entity0 peripheral blood are natural killer cells (NK-cells). Natural @entity3 , mediated by NK-cells, is believed to play an important role in host defense against @entity1 . The exact mechanisms of recognition of target cells and subsequent NK-cell activation are not yet known. NK-cells, isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors, were enriched by magnetic cell-separation to a purity of 85-97%, assessed by FACS-analysis. The susceptibility of heat-treated (42.5 degrees C, 90 minutes) and @entity5 (MG63) and @entity6 (HTB94) cell lines to NK-killing was determined by a release assay of @entity7 dehydrogenase (LDH). Lysis by NK-cells was increased by heat treatment of the target cells from 16.6% + 4.5% to 33% + 15%, p=0.035, for @entity5 cells, (E/T ratio of 5:1) and from 13.7% + 3.1% to 27.9% + 16.9%, p=0.021, (E/T ratio of @entity2 ) for @entity6 cells. An increased expression of @entity8 of chondro- and @entity5 cells after heat treatment was detected by the Western blot technique. The results of this study show that @entity4 increases @entity8 expression in osteo- and @entity6 cells and their susceptibility to NK-cell-mediated lysis. These findings may lead to new therapeutic strategies, using @entity4 to improve immunological defense against chondro- and @entity5 cells.

title: XXXX increases the susceptibility of chondro- and @entity5 cells to natural killer cell-mediated lysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity6 in the renal transplant recipient is an infrequent occurrence. The 11 previously reported cases reflect an aggressive @entity1 growth with invasion, requiring partial or complete cystectomy with or without conduit diversion. We report an additional case in a 40-yr-old @entity0 with a living related renal transplant, who experienced rapid progression of her @entity1 over 3 wk from initial @entity5 to a pelvic mass involving the anterior bladder. Her allograft ureter and native ureters, as well as her left iliac vein, became obstructed with @entity1 in another 2 wk. Biopsy showed poorly differentiated, invasive @entity3 . Attempted resection was abandoned because of finding @entity1 involvement in most of the pelvis. Chemotherapy was not attempted. She died 2 wk after her attempted resection from @entity1 burden. Our report presents a collective review of these previously reported 11 cases plus our case. These @entity2 demonstrate a rapid progression of invasive disease and respond poorly to chemotherapy. There is a possible association of @entity2 with @entity4 immunosuppression. An aggressive surgical approach should be followed, especially since these @entity1 present in a younger age group.

title: XXXX in renal transplant @entity0 . A case report and collective review of cases.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The Tenuivirus @entity3 stripe virus (MStV) shares many properties with viruses in the genus Phlebovirus of the family Bunyaviridae. Besides genome organization and gene expression strategies, one property shared by these plant- and vertebrate-infecting viruses is that transcription gives rise to virus-specific mRNAs containing nonviral 5'-terminal @entity0 sequences. The 5'-terminal @entity1 are believed to be derived from host mRNA sequences as a result of "cap-snatching." We investigated whether specific @entity0 sequences could serve as primer donors for cap-snatching in vivo. @entity2 ( @entity2 ) plants were singly and doubly infected with MStV and the Hordeivirus @entity4 ). A reverse transcription-PCR assay was used to identify chimeric @entity4 /MStV RNAs. Specific reverse transcription-PCR products were detected from doubly infected plants by using one PCR primer corresponding to the 5' termini of the @entity4 RNAs (alpha, beta, and gamma) and a second primer complementary to MStV RNA 4. The resulting cDNAs were cloned, and @entity0 sequence analysis showed them to be chimeric, containing @entity4 5'-terminal sequences as well as MStV RNA 4 sequences. All clones contained the @entity4 RNA 5' primer @entity0 sequence, but they also showed characteristics common to Tenuivirus mRNAs. More than 80% of the clones contained @entity4 RNA nucleotides not present on the PCR primer. Several lacked the exact 5' terminus of MStV RNA 4, a feature also seen for viruses in the Bunyaviridae. These data show that heterologous virus RNAs ( @entity4 ) can serve as primer donors for MStV mRNA capped RNA-primed transcription in doubly infected plants.

title: In vivo transfer of XXXX stripe mosaic hordeivirus ribonucleotides to the 5' terminus of @entity3 stripe tenuivirus RNAs.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Egg white proteins are usually subjected to heating, making them edible for the majority of @entity0 with egg @entity4 . OBJECTIVE: We sought to investigate the underlying mechanisms responsible for the reduced allergenicity displayed by heat-treated egg white allergens. METHODS: C3H/HeJ @entity1 were orally sensitized with @entity7 (OVA) or ovomucoid and challenged with native or heated proteins to evaluate their allergenicity. Immunoreactivity was assessed by immunoblotting using sera from @entity0 with egg @entity4 . In vitro gastrointestinal digestion of native and heated OVA and ovomucoid was studied by @entity3 -PAGE and liquid chromatography. Intestinal uptake of intact native and heated OVA and ovomucoid by @entity0 intestinal epithelial (Caco-2) cells was investigated. @entity2 basophil @entity5 cells passively sensitized with mouse serum and @entity0 basophils passively sensitized with serum from @entity0 with egg @entity4 were used to assess the effector cell activation by heated, digested, and transported OVA and ovomucoid. RESULTS: Heated OVA and ovomucoid did not induce symptoms of @entity6 in sensitized @entity1 when administered orally. Heating did not completely destroy IgE-binding capacity of OVA or ovomucoid but enhanced in vitro digestibility of OVA. Digestion of both OVA and ovomucoid diminished mediator release in @entity2 basophil @entity5 assay and basophil activation. Heating of allergens prevented transport across @entity0 intestinal epithelial cells in a form capable of triggering basophil activation or T-cell activation. CONCLUSION: Heat treatment reduces allergenicity of OVA and ovomucoid. This is partially a result of the enhanced gastrointestinal digestibility of heated OVA and the inability of heated OVA or ovomucoid to be absorbed in a form capable of triggering basophils.

title: Mechanisms underlying differential food XXXX response to heated egg.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The impact of enteral nutrition on post-operative recurrence has not been properly examined. AIM: To investigate the impact of enteral nutrition using an elemental diet on clinical and endoscopic recurrence after resection for @entity1 . METHODS: Forty consecutive @entity0 who underwent resection for ileal or ileocolonic @entity1 were studied. After operation, 20 @entity0 continuously received enteral nutritional therapy (EN group), and 20 had neither nutritional therapy nor food restriction (non-EN group). In the EN group, enteral formula (Elental) was infused through a nasogastric tube in the night-time, and low fat foods were taken in the daytime. All @entity0 were followed up regularly for 1 year after operation. Ileocolonoscopy was performed at 6 and 12 months after operation. RESULTS: One @entity0 (5%) in the EN group and seven (35%) in the non-EN group developed clinical recurrence during 1-year follow-up (P = 0.048). Six months after operation, five @entity0 (25%) in the EN group and eight (40%) in the non-EN group developed endoscopic recurrence (P = 0.50). Twelve months after operation, endoscopic recurrence was observed in six @entity0 (30%) in the EN group and 14 (70%) in the non-EN group (P = 0.027). CONCLUSIONS: Our long-term enteral nutritional therapy significantly reduced clinical and endoscopic recurrence after resection for @entity1 .

title: Impact of long-term enteral nutrition on clinical and endoscopic recurrence after resection for XXXX : A prospective, non-randomized, parallel, controlled study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 (RA) binds and activates @entity4 ( @entity4 )/ @entity1 receptor ( @entity3 ) heterodimers, which regulate the transcription of genes that have @entity1 response elements (RARE). The @entity3 isotypes (alpha, beta and gamma) are comprised of six regions designated A-F. Two isoforms of @entity5 , have been identified in @entity0 , which have different A regions generated by differential promoter usage and alternative splicing. We have isolated two new splice variants of RARalpha1 from @entity0 B lymphocytes. In one of these variants, exon 2 is juxtaposed to exon 5, resulting in an altered reading frame and a stop codon. This variant, designated RARalpha1DeltaB, does not code for a functional receptor. In the second variant, exon 2 is juxtaposed to exon 6, maintaining the reading frame. This isoform, designated RARalpha1DeltaBC, retains most of the functional domains of RARalpha1, but omits the transactivation domain AF-1 and the DNA-binding domain. Consequently, it does not bind nor transactivate RARE on its own. Nevertheless, RARalpha1DeltaBC interacts with @entity4 and, as an @entity4 /RARalpha1DeltaBC heterodimer, transactivates the @entity2 RARE upon all-trans-RA binding. The use of @entity3 - and @entity4 -specific ligands shows that, whereas transactivation of the @entity2 RARE through the @entity4 /RARalpha1 heterodimer is mediated only by @entity3 ligands, transactivation through the @entity4 /RARalpha1DeltaBC heterodimer is mediated by @entity3 and @entity4 ligands. Whilst RARalpha1 has a broad tissue distribution, RARalpha1DeltaBC has a more heterogeneous distribution, but with significant expression in myeloid cells. RARalpha1DeltaBC is an infrequent example of a functional nuclear receptor which deletes the DNA-binding domain.

title: XXXX receptor alpha1 variants, RARalpha1DeltaB and RARalpha1DeltaBC, define a new class of nuclear receptor isoforms.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Livestock workers are involved in a variety of tasks, such as caring for animals, maintaining the breeding facilities, cleaning, and @entity2 , and are exposed to health and safety risks. @entity1 is considered the most toxic by-product of the @entity2 process at livestock facilities. Except for several reports in developed countries, the statistics and cause of @entity0 incidents in farms have not been collected and reported systematically, although the number of these incidents is expected to increase in developing and underdeveloped countries. In this study we compiled the cases of work-related @entity0 incidents at livestock manure storage facilities and analyzed the main causes. In this survey a total of 17 incidents were identified through newspapers or online searches and public reports. Thirty workers died and eight were injured due to work-related tasks and rescue attempts from 1998 to 2013 in Korea. Of the 30 fatalities, 18 occurred during @entity2 /maintenance tasks and 12 during rescue attempts. All incidents except for one case occurred during the warm season from the late spring (April) to early autumn (September) when manure is likely to decompose rapidly. It is important to train employees involved in the operation of the facilities (i.e., owners, managers, employees) regarding the appropriate prevention strategies for confined space management, such as hazard identification before entry, periodical facility inspection, restriction of unnecessary access, proper ventilation, and health and safety. Sharing information or case reports on previous incidents could also help prevent similar cases from occurring and reduce the number of fatalities and injuries.

title: @entity0 Incidents by XXXX at Manure Storage Facilities of Swine Livestock Farms in Korea.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the safety and efficacy of an inexpensive-modified transobturator vaginal tape procedure with the transobturator tension-free vaginal tape (TVT-O) procedure for the surgical treatment of female stress @entity2 (SUI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity0 with SUI were randomly allocated to either the test group receiving the inexpensive-modified transobturator vaginal tape procedure or the control group receiving the GYNECARE TVT-O procedure. Treatment outcomes and Quality-of-life scores were recorded and analyzed between two groups. RESULTS: A total of 156 @entity0 were enrolled in this trial. Eighty @entity0 underwent the modified transobturator vaginal tape procedure. Among them 75(93.8%) were cured and 5(6.2%) were improved. The rest of the 76 @entity0 underwent the GYNECARE TVT-O procedure with a 92% (70 of 76) cure rate and an 8% (6 of 76) improvement rate. No inefficient or aggravated cases occurred in both groups. The success rates between groups had no significant statistic difference (p > 0.05). The operative time, @entity1 , hospital stay, and medical cost were significantly lower in the test group (p < 0.01); the increases in Quality-of-life scores were comparable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The modified transobturator vaginal tape procedure is an efficacious and economic surgical treatment for female SUI.

title: The comparison of an inexpensive-modified transobturator vaginal tape versus TVT-O procedure for the surgical treatment of female stress XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 guidelines recommend fixed-dose combinations for enhanced blood pressure (BP) reduction and compliance. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of fixed-dose @entity3 / @entity2 combination in reducing and controlling BP in Greek @entity1 @entity0 , as well as the effect of baseline BP and added cardiovascular risk on BP reduction. METHODS: This 6-month prospective observational study included male or female @entity0    18 years with essential @entity1 prescribed fixed-dose combination @entity3 / @entity2 . BP was measured at baseline and 3 and 6 months. Baseline cardiovascular risk and treatment compliance were also assessed. RESULTS: In 2231 per protocol @entity0 , mean systolic BP decreased from 157.0  15.4 mm Hg to 129.0  7.9 mm Hg after 6 months, and diastolic BP from 91.5  10.1 to 78.8  6.7 mm Hg (both p < 0.001). BP control was achieved in 84.8% at 6 months. @entity0 with higher baseline added cardiovascular risk or BP had greater BP reduction (p < 0.001). Compliance was good (97.1% took treatment "every day" or "quite often") and few (n = 27; 1.2%) discontinued treatment prematurely due to adverse events. CONCLUSIONS: Fixed-dose @entity3 / @entity2 safely and effectively reduced high BP in real-life practice, achieving BP control in most @entity0 . About half of Greek @entity1 @entity0 have high/very high added cardiovascular risk.

title: Blood pressure reduction and control with fixed-dose combination @entity3 / XXXX : A Pan-Hellenic prospective observational study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Mast cells are central effector cells in @entity3 and are augmented in the airways of @entity6 @entity0 . Attenuating mast cell degranulation and with it the early asthmatic response is an important intervention point to inhibit bronchoconstriction, plasma exudation and tissue @entity1 formation. To validate the efficacy of novel pharmacological interventions, appropriate and practicable in vivo models reflecting mast cell-dependent mechanisms in the lung, are missing. Thus, we developed a novel model of passive @entity5 in @entity2 . @entity2 were passively sensitized by concurrent intratracheal and intradermal (ear) application of an anti-DNP IgE antibody. Intravenous application of the antigen, DNP-BSA in combination with @entity10 dye, led to mast cell degranulation in both tissues. Quantification of mast cell degranulation in the lung was determined by (1) mediator release into bronchoalveolar lavage, (2) extravasation of Evans blue dye into tracheal and bronchial lung tissue and (3) invasive measurement of antigen-induced bronchoconstriction. Quantification of mast cell degranulation in the ear was determined by extravasation of Evans blue dye into ear tissue. We pharmacologically validated our model using the SYK inhibitor @entity11 , the H1-receptor antagonist @entity9 , the mast cell stabilizer @entity8 (DSCG) and the b2-adrenergic receptor agonist @entity7 . @entity11 was equally efficacious in lung and ear. @entity9 effectively inhibited bronchoconstriction and ear vascular leakage, but was less effective against @entity5 , perhaps reflecting the differing roles for @entity4 receptor sub-types. DSCG attenuated both vascular leakage in the lung and bronchoconstriction, but with a very short duration of action. As an inhaled approach, @entity7 was more effective in the lung than in the ear. This model of passive @entity5 provides a tissue relevant readout of early mast cell activity and pharmacological benchmarking broadly reflects responses observed in @entity0 with @entity6 .

title: A Novel Model of IgE-Mediated Passive Pulmonary Anaphylaxis in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of the current study is to compare the results after partial and complete @entity2 ( @entity2 ). SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The records of laparoscopic and hand-assisted laparoscopic procedures for primary @entity1 @entity0 were abstracted from a prospectively designed database. The phrenicocolic and splenocolic ligaments were divided via a four-trocar technique in the partial @entity2 group, and dissection was continued with the separation of gastrocolic and pancreaticomesocolic attachments via a five-trocar procedure in the complete @entity2 group. The following data were compared between the groups: Demographics, intra- and postoperative information, and pathological features. RESULTS: In total, 122 cases (77 [63.1%] male, 58.2  13.2 years old) who underwent a partial (n=36, 29.5%) or a complete (n=86, 70.5%) @entity2 were included. Reservoir creation (48.8% versus 19.4%, P=.003) was more common and conversion (8.1% versus 22.2%, P=.039) was less frequent in the complete @entity2 group, but there were significantly more @entity1 in the partial group (16.7% versus 2.3%, P=.008). Demographics, other intra- and postoperative parameters, and pathological features were identical. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, complete @entity2 decreased conversion rates, but this finding may be related to the higher rate of @entity1 in the partial @entity2 group. Complete @entity2 assures an increase in reservoir creation in @entity0 receiving a low anterior resection. Because other parameters are identical, the decision for the level of @entity2 is better left to the surgeon in cases undergoing a low anterior resection, but complete @entity2 may be preferred in cases who are candidates for a reservoir formation.

title: Complete versus partial mobilization of splenic flexure during laparoscopic low anterior resection for XXXX : a comparative study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been reported that main duct @entity3 are more invasive and have a worse prognosis than branch duct @entity3 . Therefore, an aggressive surgical approach has mainly been recommended for all MD-IPMNs. However, the surgical management of BD-IPMNs has been controversial and the consensus guidelines are not specific for an indicator of @entity1 in BD-IPMNs. The objective of this study was to determine the proper management and follow-up strategy of BD-IPMNs. METHODS: We monitored and analysed @entity0 with presumed BD-IPMNs between March 1995 and March 2010. RESULT: The mean value of the initial cyst size in all @entity0 with BD-IPMNs was 2.19 cm. Amongst 194 @entity0 with BD-IPMNs, 34 underwent immediate surgical resection, 152 were followed conservatively. Amongst the 152 conservatively managed @entity0 , 18 (11.8%) underwent surgical resection after a median follow-up of 12.7 months (range, 3-48 months). In 132 @entity0 who were managed conservatively without surgery, the mean incremental rate of cyst size growth was 0.0038 cm/month during a median of 30.7 months of follow-up and there were no IPMN-related @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Amongst @entity0 with BD-IPMNs, about 10% have surgery within approximately 1 year from the time of diagnosis because of the occurrence of new malignant stigmata. Therefore, a conservative approach without surgery and careful follow-up every 3 months or 6 months during the first year after diagnosis can be safely advocated in @entity0 with BD-IPMNs larger than 10mm in size who have no risk factors for malignant IPMNs.

title: Proper management and follow-up strategy of branch duct XXXX of the pancreas.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 )-like @entity7 can be induced by repeated topical application of an ointment containing @entity9 body (Dfb) extract in NC/Nga @entity0 . This @entity4 -like @entity0 model also exhibits a biphasic increase in the number of scratching behavior after topical application of Dfb ointment. In this study, we investigated the possible mechanisms underlying the scratching behavior in each phase. An increase in the content of mast cell derived mediators such as @entity2 and @entity6 in the lesional skin and increased vascular permeability were observed in the early phase after the Dfb ointment application. @entity11 (H1 receptor antagonist) and cromoglycate (mast cell stabilizer) reduced the scratching behavior in the early phase but not that in the later phase. Furthermore, the content of various endogenous pruritogens such as @entity13 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin in the lesional skin was increased 1 or 24 hours after the Dfb ointment application. Elevated expression of @entity12 ( @entity12 ) was also observed in the epidermis. Finally, @entity8 ( @entity5 protease inhibitor) reduced the scratching behavior in both phases, and anti- @entity10 antibody also showed a tendency to reduce both @entity3 . These findings suggest that immediate-type @entity1 caused by mast cell degranulation and @entity12 activation by proteases are involved in the scratching behavior in this @entity4 -like model. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Immediate-type allergic and protease-mediated reactions are involved in scratching behavior induced by topical application of XXXX extract in NC/Nga @entity0 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The study determined if administration of Vernonia amygdalina and @entity4 plants provides synergistic effects in ameliorating plasmodium @entity1 in @entity0 . Thirty @entity0 (17.88-25.3   g) were divided into 6 groups of 5 @entity0 each. Group 1 was normal control, while groups 2-6 were intraperitoneally inoculated 2.5 * 10(7) @entity3 parasitized red blood cell, followed by daily administration of 350   mg/kg aqueous leaf extracts after establishment of @entity1 . Group 2 was disease control, while group 6 was treated with standard drug for four consecutive days. The results showed significant (P < 0.05) reduction in percentage of parasite load between the infected treatment groups and disease control group at day 3 after @entity1 , which remained consistent until the end of the experiment. All infected treated groups showed significant (P < 0.05) increases in RBC and @entity2 recovery compared to the disease control, with the exception of WBC. There was insignificant (P > 0.05) change in mean body weight of all treated groups except in disease control group. Histological studies of the infected @entity0 indicate recovery of hepatic cells from congested black pigmentation. The reduction in parasite load and recovery of hepatic cell damage/hematological parameters were induced by these plant extracts. This highlighted the important usage of the plant in traditional remedy of @entity1 .

title: Antimalarial Potential of XXXX and Vernonia amygdalina in @entity0 Infected with @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity11 @entity1 in growing plants is considered as one of the major factors limiting the production of crops on acidic soils worldwide. In the last 15 years, it has been proposed that @entity11 @entity1 are mediated with distortion of the cellular signaling mechanisms such as @entity6 signaling pathways, and production of cytotoxic reactive @entity0 species (ROS) causing oxidative damages. On the other hand, @entity3 is normally present in plants at high concentrations and its deficiency is one of the most widespread micronutrient deficiencies in plants. Earlier studies suggested that lack of @entity3 often results in ROS-mediated oxidative damage to plant cells. Previously, inhibitory action of @entity9 against @entity10 -induced @entity4 generation in @entity5 cells have been reported, suggesting that @entity9 interferes with the cation-induced ROS production via stimulation of @entity8 oxidase. In the present study, the effect of @entity9 on @entity11 -induced @entity4 generation in the cell suspension cultures of @entity5 ( @entity5 ., cell-line, BY-2) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ., cv. Nipponbare), was examined. The @entity9 -dependent inhibition of the @entity11 -induced oxidative burst was observed in both model cells selected from the monocots and dicots ( @entity7 and @entity5 ), suggesting that this phenomenon ( @entity11 / @entity9 interaction) can be preserved in higher plants. Subsequently induced cell death in @entity5 cells was analyzed by lethal cell staining with Evans blue. Obtained results indicated that presence of @entity9 at physiological concentrations can protect the cells by preventing the @entity11 -induced @entity4 generation and cell death. Furthermore, the regulation of the @entity2 signaling, i.e., change in the cytosolic @entity2 ion concentration, and the cross-talks among the elements which participate in the pathway were further explored.

title: @entity3 -Dependent Protection of @entity5 and @entity7 Cells From Aluminum-Induced @entity4 -Mediated XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To study the different etiopathogenic, microbiological, clinical, evolutive, and therapeutic aspects in @entity0 with @entity5 , with a special emphasis in the usefulness of @entity6 therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The clinical records of 59 @entity0 with @entity4 (45 single abscess and 14 multiple abscesses) diagnosed at our institution in the last eleven years were studied. RESULTS: The most common predisposing conditions included biliary (35.6%) and colon (15.3%) diseases, and @entity2 (15.3%). The microorganisms responsible for these abscesses included @entity1 , Bacteroides spp., and different streptococci. CT and/or abdominal echography were the diagnostic techniques most commonly used. Twenty-three @entity0 were treated with percutaneous drainage and antibiotics, 22 with surgical drainage and antibiotics, 6 with both types of drainage and antibiotics, and 8 exclusively with antibiotics. Twenty-three @entity0 received @entity3 (1 g/IV/8 h) and 29 other antibiotics. Twelve @entity0 died and 9 required admission at the ICU. With regard to @entity0 treated with @entity3 , 17 (73.9%) cured, 3 of them (one single abscess and two multiple abscesses) without drainage. Two @entity0 treated with @entity3 (8.7%) and 4 treated with other antibiotics (13.8%) relapsed. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 can be a useful antibiotic in association with percutaneous or surgical drainage for the treatment of @entity5 .

title: [Pyogenic hepatic abscess. Review of 59 cases and experience with XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The occurrence of the most important @entity3 serovars in Russia from 1980 to 1993 is reported. Selected @entity3 strains isolated in Russia from 1951 to 1993 were characterized by serotype, phage type, resistance pattern, plasmid profile and detection of aerobactin production. The incidence of @entity4 was different in the various administrative districts and varied between 0-235 cases/100,000 inhabitants. Since the middle of the eighties both the overall increase of @entity4 and the replacement of @entity3 by @entity5 was also demonstrable in Russia. @entity1 due to multiply resistant S. infantis strains and @entity3 strains which caused severe septicaemic courses in @entity0 were a special epidemic problem. These infections mainly occurred via @entity2 . In contrast ot Western Europe most of the @entity5 strains isolated in Russia belonged to phage type 1/1. Eight phage types were determined additionally. The @entity3 strains isolated in @entity1 belonged to a definite phage type and carried a 95 MDa plasmid. This plasmid was also detected in the nosocomial S. infantis strains, S. haifa strains, and S. panama strains. All these nosocomial strains formed aerobactin.

title: [Epidemiological and microbiological studies on XXXX in Russia].

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the presence of @entity2 and, if detected, its potential prevalence in causing recurrent @entity3 confined to mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of the pharynx. DESIGN: Prospective, controlled clinical trial. SETTING: Otolaryngology Department of Tanta University Hospitals, Tanta, Egypt. @entity0 : A total of 146 @entity0 with recurrent @entity4 and pharynx and 20 normal control subjects. INTERVENTIONS: @entity0 were assigned to group 1 (n = 58), in which the @entity1 were strictly limited to the lymphoid tissues, or group 2 (n = 88), in which the @entity1 were randomly distributed in the oral cavity and pharynx. @entity2 DNA was extracted from 3-mm-diameter tissue samples, and polymerase chain reaction amplifications were performed for the 16S ribosomal RNA gene. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Positivity for @entity2 . RESULTS: In group 1, 39 @entity0 (67%) were positive for @entity2 DNA, while in group 2, 9 @entity0 (10%) were positive (chi(2) test, P<.001). It was not detected in any of the 20 control samples. CONCLUSION: Our results support a possible causative role for @entity2 in recurrent @entity3 with a characteristic distribution and affinity to mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of the pharynx.

title: Prevalence of @entity2 DNA in recurrent XXXX in mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues of the pharynx.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Few studies have examined the relationship between directly measured @entity1 uptake (VO2) and self-reported physical function (PF). The purpose of this study was: 1) to examine the relationship between peak @entity4 ) to determine whether a threshold or cut point exist that distinguishes between individuals reporting required assistance in the performance of functional tasks (low PF) and those who report ability to perform tasks independently (high PF). METHODS: @entity0 were 161 community-dwelling adults, ages 65-90, who had a baseline evaluation for a clinical trail that included measurement of peak V02 and PF consisted of a summary score combining scores from the Older Americans Resources and Services Multidimensional Functional Assessment Questionnaire, Nagi Disability Study. Rosow-Breslau Scale, Physical Function Scale of the Medical Outcomes Study, and the Falls Efficacy Scale. Decision tree, cubic spline, and logistic regression analyses explored these relationships with age, gender, education, race, body mass index, @entity3 , and total number of @entity2 included as important covariates. RESULTS: Among all covariates examined, peak V02 was most strongly associated with (P = 0.004) with PF. There was not threshold effect. Decision tree analyses indicated that 18.3 mL.kg-1.min-1 was the optimal cut point distinguishing between low PF and High PG (P < 0.0001). Between-gender differences in PF (P = 0.002) were no longer significant when peak V02 was included in the PF model (P = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that individuals with a V02 < 18 mL.kg-1min-1 report significant difficulty in the performance of daily tasks and that differences in peak V02 may explain, in part, why @entity0 report more impairment in PF.

title: Is there a threshold between peak XXXX uptake and self-reported physical functioning in older adults?

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3 ( @entity2 ) and the use of glucocorticoids have both been associated with increased risk of @entity5 ( @entity5 ). However, the possibility of confounding by indication has not been investigated. We undertook this study to examine the temporal risk of @entity5 in @entity2 @entity0 before and after @entity2 diagnosis, accounting for confounders including @entity2 . METHODS: We conducted a matched cohort study using an electronic medical record database representative of the UK population (1990-2013). We calculated age-, sex-, and entry time-matched and multivariate relative risks (RRs) of @entity5 , comparing 6,441 @entity0 with new-onset @entity2 (defined by corresponding diagnosis codes and prescribed @entity2 ) to 63,985 controls before and after @entity2 diagnosis. Analysis before @entity2 diagnosis was stratified by oral glucocorticoid use to account for confounding. RESULTS: There were 27 incident @entity5 events during the 12 months preceding @entity2 diagnosis and 195 afterward. Compared to controls, during the 12, 9, 6, and 3 months preceding @entity2 diagnosis, the age-, sex-, and entry time-matched RRs for @entity5 among @entity0 with imminent @entity2 not treated with glucocorticoids were 1.8, 2.2, 2.4, and 3.6, respectively. In the first 3, 6, 12, 24, 48, and 96 months after @entity2 diagnosis, the corresponding RRs were 9.9, 7.7, 5.9, 4.4, 3.3, and 2.4. Multivariate analyses including several common @entity5 risk factors showed similar trends. CONCLUSION: The risk of @entity5 increases shortly before @entity2 diagnosis, peaks at the time of diagnosis, and then progressively declines thereafter. This risk is apparent in @entity0 with imminent @entity2 unexposed to oral glucocorticoids, suggesting a role for @entity1 -associated @entity4 that is independent of glucocorticoid use.

title: Temporal Trends of XXXX Risk Before and After Diagnosis of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate if @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is contraindicated without anticoagulation therapy. METHODS: Some 153 @entity4 @entity0 in the King Abdulaziz Cardiac Center (KSA) were randomly assigned into two groups. Anticoagulation group (Group A) consisted of 71 @entity0 who were given heparin intravenously with target aPTT 50-70 seconds. Non-anticoagulation group (Group B) consisted of 82 @entity0 without intravenous heparin during balloon pumping. Hematological parameters including platelet count, D-dimer, @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) were checked respectively at the point of baseline, 24 hours, 48 hours and 24 hours post @entity4 counterpulsation. Clot deposits on balloon surface, vascular complications from @entity4 including @entity2 and @entity1 were recorded. RESULTS: Platelet count and @entity3 level decreased at 24 hours and 48 hours in both groups (P<0.05). D-dimer and FDP level increased at 24 hours and 48 hours in both groups (P<0.05), but returned to the baseline level 24 hours post @entity4 removal (P>0.05). Three @entity0 in Group A and 2 @entity0 in Group B developed @entity1 (P>0.05). No major @entity1 in either group. Two @entity0 in Group A suffered major @entity2 and required blood transfusion or surgical intervention, whereas no @entity0 had major @entity2 in Group B. Eight @entity0 had minor @entity2 in Group A, but only 2 @entity0 in Group B (P<0.05). No clot deposit developed on @entity4 surface in either group. CONCLUSION: @entity4 is safe without routine anticoagulation therapy. Selecting appropriate artery approach and early detection intervention are key methods for preventing complications.

title: Anticoagulation therapy in intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation: does XXXX really need anti-coagulation?

answer: @entity4


abstract: The manifestation of @entity6 reflects genetic and environmental factors. Mutations in the @entity8 gene, located at chromosome 1p34, discriminate @entity6 from sporadic cases. Furthermore, mutations in the @entity5 gene may be involved in the aetiology. In this study 53 unrelated Danish @entity0 with @entity6 were classified according to @entity8 and @entity5 gene mutations and the genotype related to the clinical and biochemical data. Thirteen @entity0 (25%) had @entity6 . The results signify the advantage of DNA diagnostics for identification of familial cases, as anamnestic data are doubtful and erythrocyte @entity8 activity measurements insufficient for correct classification. Eight @entity0 with @entity6 (15%) were homozygous for the @entity5 gene @entity7 mutation and 8 @entity0 were heterozygous. @entity0 homozygous for the @entity5 related mutation showed biochemical evidence of excessive @entity1 storage as well as increased urine @entity4 excretion levels. This seems to confirm a relationship between @entity6 and @entity5 . No differences were found between @entity0 with sporadic and @entity6 regarding age of onset, clinical severity, sex distribution, liver function tests and @entity1 storage parameters. However, daily @entity2 intake and use of @entity3 were reported more frequently in the group of sporadic @entity0 . It was found that @entity0 were over-represented in our study.

title: Familial and @entity6 : clinical, biochemical and genetic features with emphasis on XXXX status.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To clarify whether trigeminal somatosensory function will be changed after orthodontic treatment as well as after orthognathic surgery. METHODS: A series of 20 @entity0 with a mean age of 20.9  1.74 years were recruited. Thermal quantitative sensory tests were conducted before orthodontic treatment (T0), before orthognathic surgery (T1), 2 months after orthognathic surgery (T2), and 6 months after orthognathic surgery (T3). The @entity2 ( @entity2 ), @entity1 threshold (CPT), warm detection threshold (WDT) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were determined. SPSS 16.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were significant differences with lower threshold (higher sensitivity) in V2L (P=0.006) and V2R (P=0.017) for WDT at T1 compared to T0. A significantly higher threshold (lower sensitivity) was detected for @entity2 in V2L (P=0.028) at T1 compared to T0. A significantly higher threshold (lower sensitivity) was detected for @entity1 in V2R (P=0.028) and V3R (P=0.017) at T1 compared to T0. There were significant differences with higher threshold (lower sensitivity) V3L (P=0.024) for WDT at T3 compared to T0. A significantly lower threshold (higher sensitivity) was detected for CPT in V2R (P=0.036), @entity4 (P=0.012) and V3R (P=0.044) at T3 compared to T0. There were significant differences with higher threshold (lower sensitivity) in V2L (P=0.009), V2R (P=0.034), @entity4 (P=0.032) and V3R (P=0.001) for @entity1 at T3 compared to T0.Numbness was reported most frequently at T2 (93.33%), but this symptom tended to decrease with time (T3-20%). @entity3 's exact test showed that there was no significant difference at T2(P=0.303) and T3(P=0.530) between participates who underwent genioplasty or not. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicated that thermal somatosensory function was altered after initial orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. However, partial recovery of thermal sensory function can be expected in the majority of @entity0 .

title: [Partial recovery of thermal sensory functions in skeletal Class     XXXX undergoing orthognathic surgery].

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of @entity1 . DESIGN: @entity0 with @entity1 reported between 1980 and 2000, studied retrospectively. SETTING: Data from the Connecticut Tumor Registry. @entity0 : One thousand sixty @entity1 cases: 628 @entity0 (49.84%) and 632 @entity0 (50.16%). Mean age at presentation was 65.2 years. RESULTS: The most common location of @entity1 was the ileum (374 cases; 29.7%), followed by the duodenum (320 cases; 25.4%) and the jejunum (193 cases; 15.3%). In 367 @entity0 cases (29.1%: 192 @entity0 [30.6%] and 175 @entity0 [27.7%]), a prior or subsequent @entity1 of the gastrointestinal tract was reported. The most prevalent histologic type was @entity4 (417 cases; 33%), followed by @entity2 (341 cases; 27%) and @entity3 (205 cases; 16.3%). The @entity0 population was predominantly white (1159 @entity0 ; 92%), followed by African American @entity0 (91 @entity0 ; 7.2%). Stratification by consecutive 7-year intervals showed the following: from 1980 to 1986, there were 10.5 cases per 100 000 individuals; from 1987 to 1993, there were 13.05 cases per 100 000 individuals; and from 1994 to 2000, there were 14.86 cases per 100 000 individuals. @entity0 comprised 44.8% of cases from 1980 to 1986, 50.2% of cases from 1987 to 1993, and 53.3% of cases from 1994 to 2000. African American @entity0 accounted for 7.5% of all cases from 1980 to 1986, 5.8% from 1986 to 1993, and 8.2% of cases from 1994 to 2000. In 1106 @entity0 (87.7%), the primary therapy was surgical, including intestinal bypass, radical excision, excisional biopsy, and subtotal or total excision. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of @entity1 in Connecticut has increased during the past 2 decades, with the highest rate of increase in @entity0 . @entity1 are the most common small intestinal cancers identified histologically, followed by @entity2 . The former seems to be more frequently seen in the ileum, the latter in the duodenum. Surgery is the treatment of choice for the cure or palliation of @entity1 .

title: XXXX : epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of 1260 cases from the connecticut @entity1 registry.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity2 are frequent causes for medical consultations. Features related to disease, @entity0 or the environment could influence the medical referral. The aim of the study was to estimate the importance of @entity1 in @entity0 with functional @entity2 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: The study was designed to have two phases. Phase I consisted in studying the prevalence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity1 past history in a random sample of 338 from an urban community of 18000 @entity0 . Phase II consisted in studying the presence of @entity1 history in @entity0 referred for @entity3 symptoms. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity3 symptoms in the general population was: 14.4% (8.4% in males and 17.7% in females). Psychiatric positive history was present in 6.2% of the general population and in 6.1% of @entity3 subjects (p > 0.05). @entity1 were more common in the @entity3 subjects who were seeking medical assistance (18%) than in subjects with same symptoms from the general population (6.2%) (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 may influence the medial referral for @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: [Functional digestive disorders and the relationship with XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity1 is a disease with severe consequences for the @entity0 body. There are several diseases and situations that induce @entity1 and are usually underdiagnosed. Treatments include conventional medical therapies and oral, inhaled, intravenous, and subcutaneous options. Depending on its severity, heart or lung transplant may also be an option. A possible novel treatment could be @entity2 kinase inhibitors. We conducted experiments with three jet nebulizers and three ultrasound nebulizers with @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity3 . Different residual cup designs and residual cup loadings were used in order to identify the best combination to produce droplets of less than 5  m in mass median aerodynamic diameter. We found that @entity5 could not be transformed into a powder, so conversion to an aerosol form was not possible. Our experiments indicated that @entity3 is superior to @entity4 with regard to small droplet size formation using both inhaled technologies (1.37  m <2.23  m and 1.92  m <3.11  m, jet and ultrasound, respectively) and, at jet devices (1.37  m <1.92  m). Cup designs C and G contribute best to small droplet creation uniquely supporting and equally well the activity of both drugs. The disadvantage of the large droplets formed for @entity4 was offset when combined with residual cup C (1.37  m instead of 2.23  m). At a 2 mL dose, the facemask and cone mouthpieces performed best and evenly; the facemask and low dose were the best choice (2.08  m and 2.12  m, respectively). @entity4 and @entity3 can be administered as an aerosols, and further in vivo experimentation is necessary to investigate the positive effects of these drugs in the treatment of @entity1 .

title: Inhaled @entity2 kinase inhibitors for XXXX : a possible future treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: To compare the efficacy and safety of three different chemotherapy doublets in the treatment of advanced @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity0 AND METHODS: At total of 190 @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive @entity3 1000 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 plus @entity5 130 mg/m(2) on day 1 (CapOx), @entity3 825 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14 plus @entity1 1000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 (CapGem) or @entity1 1000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 8 plus @entity5 130 mg/m(2) on day 8 (mGemOx). Treatment cycles were repeated every three weeks. The primary end point was progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 3 months; secondary end points included objective response rate, @entity6 antigen 19-9 response, clinical benefit response, overall survival and @entity2 . RESULTS: The PFS rate after 3 months was 51% in the CapOx arm, 64% in the CapGem arm and 60% in the mGemOx arm. Median PFS was estimated with 4.2 months, 5.7 months and 3.9 months, respectively (P = 0.67). Corresponding median survival times were: 8.1 months (CapOx), 9.0 months (CapGem) and 6.9 months (mGemOx) (P = 0.56). Grade 3/4 hematological @entity2 were more frequent in the two Gem-containing arms; grade 3/4 non-hematological @entity2 rates did not exceed 15% in any arm. CONCLUSION: CapOx, CapGem and mGemOx have similar clinical efficacy in advanced @entity4 . Each regimen has a distinct but manageable tolerability profile.

title: XXXX plus @entity5 (CapOx) versus @entity3 plus @entity1 (CapGem) versus @entity1 plus @entity5 (mGemOx): final results of a multicenter randomized phase II trial in advanced @entity4 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in @entity0 with stage I @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in terms of radiation-induced changes and computed tomography (CT) features of local recurrence by @entity3 positron emission tomography ( @entity3 -PET). METHODS: From January 2006 to December 2012, 81 @entity0 with @entity4 received SBRT. Follow-up consisted of non-contrast enhanced CT scans performed before and every four months after SBRT. In addition, @entity3 -PET/CT was conducted before SBRT for each @entity0 , and one year later for each case suspected of recurrence. The CT findings were classified into two categories: mass-like @entity1 and others. The mass-like @entity1 category was subdivided into two patterns: mass-like consolidation (with air bronchogram) and mass-like @entity2 . RESULTS: Six @entity0 had histologically confirmed local recurrence, including 83% (5/6) with mass-like @entity2 pattern and one case of modified conventional pattern (P = 0.02). In contrast, the non-recurrent group exhibited only 7% (5/75) with mass-like @entity2 and 13% (10/75) with mass-like consolidation pattern. Five @entity0 with local recurrence presented with the mass-like @entity2 pattern, compared with 33% of @entity0 (5/15) from the non-recurrent group (P = 0.01) and showed an increase in maximum diameter at >= 12 months after SBRT. The recurrent group also had a significantly higher standardized uptake value (SUVmax) than the non-recurrent group (P < 0.001), with all values >5 (range: 5.7-25.4). CONCLUSION: The following characteristics of mass-like @entity1 should be considered indicators of local recurrence after SBRT: @entity2 pattern, increasing maximum diameter, and SUVmax > 5.

title: Imaging characteristics of local recurrences after stereotactic body radiation therapy for stage I XXXX : Evaluation of mass-like @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In all classes of vertebrates, the deiodination of the prohormone T(4) to T(3) represents an essential activation step in thyroid hormone action. The possible presence of @entity6 deiodinase activity in protochordates has been demonstrated in vivo. Recent molecular cloning of the genomes and transcripts of several ascidian species allows further investigation into thyroid-related processes in ascidians. A cDNA clone from @entity10 (hrDx) was found to have significant homology (30% @entity4 identity) with the @entity6 deiodinase gene sequences from vertebrates, including the presence of an in-frame UGA codon that might encode a @entity8 ( @entity9 ) in the active site. Because it was not certain that the 3' untranslated region (UTR) contained a @entity9 insertion sequence (SECIS) element essential for @entity9 incorporation, a chimeric expression vector of the hrDx coding sequence and the @entity0 deiodinase SECIS element was produced, as well as an expression vector containing the intact hrDx cDNA. COS, @entity1 , and HEK cells were transfected with these vectors, and deiodinase activity was measured in cell homogenates. Outer-ring deiodinase activity was detected using both T(4) and reverse T(3) as substrates, and activity was enhanced by the presence of the reductive cofactor @entity5 . The enzyme activity was optimal during incubation between 20 and 30 C (pH 6-7) and was strongly inhibited by @entity7 . The @entity10 deiodinase appears to be a high Michaelis-Menten constant (K(m)) enzyme (K(m) reverse T(3), 2 microM; and K(m) T(4), 4 microM). Deiodinase activity was completely lost upon the substitution of the @entity9 residue in the putative catalytic center by either @entity2 or @entity3 . Transfection of the full-length hrDx cDNA produced deiodinase activity confirming the presence of a SECIS element in the 3'UTR, as revealed by the SECISearch program. In conclusion, our results show, for the first time, the existence of an ascidian @entity6 outer-ring deiodinase. This raises the hypothesis that, in protochordates, the prohormone T(4) is activated by enzymatic outer-ring deiodination to T(3).

title: An ascidian homolog of vertebrate XXXX deiodinases.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the frequency, mode of presentation and outcome following surgery of anomalies of the craniovertebral junction at the Kenyatta National Hospital. DESIGN: A retrospective study. SETTING: Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi. SUBJECTS: Thirty eight @entity0 with @entity4 who were treated at the Kenyatta National Hospital. RESULTS: Thirty eight @entity0 were diagnosed to have @entity4 at the Kenyatta National Hospital between January 1988 and December 1994. Thirty of those @entity0 underwent surgery. The ages ranged between 10 years and 49 years with a peak in the third decade. The male to female ratio was 2:1. The common mode of presentation was weakness of the extremities (90%) followed by @entity3 such as numbness of the extremities (30%), @entity1 (30%) and @entity7 (20%). The common clinical findings were @entity5 , @entity6 , sensory loss and brisk deep tendon reflexes. Most of the @entity0 had computerised tomography (CT) scanning (80%) done. Other radiological investigations which were done were plain x-rays of the skull and cervical spine (50%), myelographic studies (36%) and tomographic studies (12%). Forty percent of the @entity0 improved following surgery while further @entity2 was prevented in 48%. There was an immediate post-operative mortality of 8%. CONCLUSION: @entity4 is an important clinicopathological, condition common amongst certain ethnic groups found in high altitude areas of the Kenya. Surgery may cause clinical improvement in 40% of the @entity0 , mainly those who have been symptomatic for less than three years.

title: XXXX seen at Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi.

answer: @entity4


abstract: According to American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Practice Guidelines, electrolyte abnormalities, including abnormal serum @entity6 concentrations, are considered a correctable cause of a life-threatening @entity5 . @entity1 therapy in this situation is a class III indication, and thought to be ineffective and perhaps harmful, although there are minimal data to support this recommendation. The steady-state serum @entity6 concentration frequently changes during a @entity8 . Additionally, the vast majority of @entity8 @entity0 have structural @entity3 and are commonly treated with a variety of medications that can alter the serum @entity6 concentration. In the Antiarrhythmics Versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) trial, @entity0 with a correctable cause of an electrolyte imbalance were excluded from study participation but were followed in the AVID registry. Similar outcomes were observed among @entity0 in the AVID registry and the main trial. @entity9 therapy in @entity0 with @entity4 decreases all-cause mortality and sudden and nonsudden @entity2 . In a preliminary study of 169 @entity0 with an episode of a sustained @entity5 treated with an implantable defibrillator, freedom from appropriate defibrillator therapy was 18% after five years. The probability of appropriate defibrillator therapy was independent of the initial serum @entity6 concentration. For these reasons, our current clinical practice is to use an implantable defibrillator to treat an initial episode of sustained @entity7 or @entity10 that occurs in a @entity0 with structural @entity3 and an abnormal serum @entity6 concentration.

title: Should an abnormal serum XXXX concentration be considered a correctable cause of @entity8 ?

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term transformation of lateral eyebrow soft tissue in a group of @entity0 with known @entity4 . METHODS: A retrospective review of all @entity0 with a known diagnosis of @entity4 with clinical photos available from both their initial diagnosis visit and at least 7 years following their initial visit was performed. Age at diagnosis, sex, disease activity, previous orbital, and eyelid surgery were noted, as was history of treatment with radioactive @entity2 , @entity1 , and external beam radiation. The area between the @entity3 was evaluated in standardized photographs by a panel of 4 expert, independent, masked observers utilizing a previously published visual grading key. RESULTS: One hundred and four @entity0 met inclusion criteria. Fifteen @entity0 were male and 89 were female. The mean @entity0 age was 50.6 years (  1.21 years), and the mean follow up duration was 10.0 years (  0.23 years). The mean initial photo grade (1.24) was significantly higher than the mean follow up photo grade (1.00; p < 0.01). In logistic regression analyses, only the initial photograph grade was significantly associated with improvement in eyebrow soft tissue appearance (p < 0.01). Medical and surgical treatments were not significantly associated with changes in eyebrow soft tissue appearance (all p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Expansion of eyebrow soft tissue may improve over time in @entity0 with @entity4 . This change was not affected by age, sex, disease activity, surgery, or medical therapy.

title: Long-Term Evaluation of Eyebrow Soft Tissue Expansion in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To examine the relationship between local recurrence and @entity0 mortality in @entity1 with @entity0 . We studied 1675 @entity1 with stage 0 ( @entity9 ), stage I or @entity0 who were treated with breast-conserving surgery at @entity1 's College Hospital between 1987 and 2009. For each @entity1 , we obtained information on age at diagnosis, @entity3 size, lymph node status, @entity3 grade, @entity2 , @entity8 receptor status, @entity6 receptor status, @entity7 status and treatments received (radiotherapy, chemotherapy and @entity5 ). @entity1 were followed from the date of diagnosis until local recurrence, @entity4 from @entity0 or the date of last follow-up. We used the Kaplan-Meier method to estimate 15-year local recurrence-free and @entity0 -specific survival rates for each stage at diagnosis. For each stage, the two rates were compared. After a mean follow-up of 13.1  years, 243 @entity1 (14.5  %) experienced a local recurrence and 281 @entity1 (16.8  %) died of @entity0 . The 15-year actuarial rate of local recurrence was 16  % for @entity1 with @entity9 , 15  % for @entity1 with @entity3 and 16  % for @entity1 with @entity3 . The 15-year @entity0 -specific mortality rate was 3  % for @entity1 with @entity9 , 10  % for @entity1 with @entity0 and 30  % for @entity1 with @entity0 . After experiencing a local recurrence, the 15-year @entity0 mortality rate was 16  % for @entity1 with @entity9 , 32  % for @entity1 with @entity0 and 59  % for @entity1 with @entity0 . Across the spectrum of the early stages of @entity0 , the risk of local recurrence does not correlate with the risk of @entity4 from @entity0 . After local recurrence, the risk of @entity4 from @entity0 depends on the initial stage at diagnosis.

title: The relationship between local recurrence and @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0