abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the effects of @entity2 versus continuous infusion for epidural labor @entity5 on maternal temperature and serum @entity3 ( @entity3 ) level. METHODS: This randomized trial was performed in Nanjing Maternity and @entity0 Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China between October 2012 and February 2014. Either @entity2 ( @entity2 , n=66) or continuous infusion (CI, n=66) was used for epidural labor @entity5 . A bolus dose (10 ml of 0.08% @entity6 + 0.4 ug  ml-1 @entity4 ) was manually administrated once an hour in the @entity2 group, whereas the same solution was continuously infused at a constant rate of 10 ml  @entity7 in the CI group. Maternal tympanic temperature and serum @entity3 level were measured hourly from baseline to one hour post partum. The incidences of @entity1 (>/=38 degree celsius ) were calculated. RESULTS: The incidence of maternal @entity1 was similar between the 2 groups. There was a rising trend in mean temperature over time in both groups, but no statistical difference was detected between the groups at respective time points; maternal serum @entity3 showed similar changes. CONCLUSION: Compared with continuous infusion, @entity2 presents with the same incidence of maternal @entity1 for epidural labor @entity5 . @entity3 elevation could be involved in mean maternal temperature increase.

title: Regular intermittent bolus provides similar incidence of maternal @entity1 compared with continuous infusion during epidural labor XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: A 47-year-old @entity0 was admitted to hospital with complaint of general fatigue. Shortly before the admission a suspected @entity10 was diagnosed at a local hospital. On admission, the physical examination was significant for @entity6 ; total @entity5 was 6.43 mg/dl. The @entity2 marker CA19-9 was 2056 U/ml. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) was performed and showed dilatation of common bile duct and main pancreatic duct, accompanied with an endoscopic naso-biliary drainage (ENBD) in order to reduce the @entity6 . The duodenoscopy showed @entity4 . @entity9 duodenography showed a filling defect at the medial side of the second portion of the duodenum. Ultrasonography (US) showed a @entity3 , sized 15 mm in diameter, at the pancreas head with dilatation of biliary tract and main pancreatic duct. An abdominal enhanced CT scan showed a mass sized 15 mm at the lower edge of the common bile duct. A selective hepatic arteriography showed no special finding. We performed a pancreatoduodenectomy with dissection of the lymph nodes. The @entity2 , sized 22x15x20 mm, was white colored and solid on the papilla. Histopathological inspection of the specimen showed an @entity7 of the bile duct in the papilla. The @entity2 was found to infiltrate the neighboring pancreas and to contain @entity1 in lymph nodes in the hepatoduodenal ligament, post pancreaticoduodenal and para-aortic lymph nodes. This is the first report on a case of @entity8 of the papilla major.

title: XXXX arising from the papilla major.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 cells invade adjacent normal brain along white matter (WM) bundles of axons. We therefore hypothesized that the location of @entity1 intersecting WM tracts would be associated with differing survival. This study introduces a method, voxel-wise survival analysis (VSA), to determine the relationship between the location of @entity4 intersecting WM tracts and @entity0 prognosis. 113 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 were retrospectively analyzed for this study. @entity0 specific @entity1 location, defined by contrast-enhancement, was combined with diffusion tensor imaging derived tractography to determine the location of axons intersecting @entity1 enhancement (AXITEs). VSA was then used to determine the relationship between the AXITE location and @entity0 survival. @entity1 intersecting the right anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), @entity2 (IFOF), right and left cortico-spinal tract (CST), and corpus callosum (CC) were associated with decreased overall survival. @entity1 intersecting the CST, body of the CC, right ATR, posterior IFOF, and @entity2 are associated with decreased progression-free survival (PFS), while @entity1 intersecting the right genu of the CC and anterior IFOF are associated with increased PFS. @entity0 with @entity1 intersecting the ATR, IFOF, CST, or CC had significantly improved survival prognosis if they were additionally treated with bevacizumab. This study demonstrates the usefulness of VSA by locating AXITEs associated with poor prognosis in @entity3 @entity0 . This information should be included in @entity0 -physician conversations, therapeutic strategy, and clinical trial design.

title: Location of @entity4 intersecting white matter tracts predicts XXXX prognosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess longer-term patterns of @entity1 medication adherence and identify whether patterns established during the first year of medication use persist during 3 subsequent years of follow-up. DESIGN: Retrospective, longitudinal cohort analysis. @entity0 : Beneficiaries aged >= 40 years who were enrolled in a United States (US)-managed care plan for >= 7 years between 2001 and 2012 and newly diagnosed and treated for @entity2 . METHODS: For each enrollee, we quantified medication adherence using the medication possession ratio. Group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) was applied to identify patterns of adherence for 1 and 4 years of follow-up. The percent of beneficiaries who remained in the same trajectory group in the 1- and 4-year models was tabulated to evaluate group stability. Factors impacting adherence at 1 and 4 years were identified using regression analyses. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patterns of @entity1 medication adherence. RESULTS: Of the 1234 eligible beneficiaries, GBTM identified 5 distinct @entity1 medication adherence patterns in both the 1-year and 4-year follow-up periods. These groups were as follows: (1) never adherent after their index prescription fill (7.5% and 15.6% of @entity0 in the 1- and 4-year models, respectively); (2) persistently very poor adherence (14.9% and 23.4% of @entity0 in the 1- and 4-year models, respectively); (3) declining adherence (9.5% and 9.1% of @entity0 in the 1- and 4-year models, respectively); (4) persistently moderate adherence (48.1% and 37.0% of @entity0 in the 1- and 4-year models, respectively); and (5) persistently good adherence (20.0% and 15.0% of @entity0 in the 1- and 4-year models, respectively). More than 90% of beneficiaries in the 4 groups with the worst and best adherence patterns (groups 1, 2, 3, 5) maintained their patterns from their first year throughout their 4 years of follow-up. Those with persistently moderate adherence (group 4), the largest group, were most likely to change groups from 1 to 4 years of follow-up. @entity0 with the best adherence over 4 years were more likely to be white, to be older, to earn > 60 000/year, and to have more eye care visits (P < 0.05 for all comparisons). Those with a higher initial copayment cost had lower adherence rates (b  =  -0.06/dollar, P  = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: For most @entity0 who were newly prescribed @entity1 medications, adherence patterns observed in the first year of treatment reflect adherence patterns over the subsequent 3 years. Investing resources in both identifying and helping @entity0 with suboptimal adherence patterns over the first year may have a large impact on longer-term adherence.

title: Patterns of XXXX Medication Adherence over Four Years of Follow-Up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To identify the distinct pattern of anatomical network reorganization in surgically refractory @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 using a longitudinal design. We collected longitudinal diffusion-weighted images of 19 @entity2 @entity0 before and after anterior temporal lobectomy. @entity0 were classified as @entity1 -free (SF) or @entity3 ( @entity3 ) at least 1 year after surgery. We constructed whole-brain anatomical networks derived from white matter tractography and evaluated network connectivity measures by graph theoretical analysis. The reorganization trajectories of network measures in SF and @entity3 @entity0 were investigated by two-way mixed analysis of variance, with factors "group" (SF vs @entity3 ) and "treatment" (presurgery vs postsurgery). Widespread brain structures showed opposite reorganization trajectories in FS and @entity3 groups (interaction effect). Most of them showed group difference before surgery and then converge after surgery, suggesting that surgery remodeled these structures into a similar status. Conversly, contralateral amygdala-planum-temporale and thalamic-parietal tracts showed higher connectivity strength in @entity3 than in SF @entity0 after surgery, indicating maladaptive neuroplastic responses to surgery in @entity3 @entity0 . Our findings suggest that surgical outcomes are associated not only with the preoperative pattern of anatomical connectivity, but also with connectome reconfiguration following surgery. The reorganization of contralateral temporal lobe and corticothalamic tracts may be particularly important for @entity1 control in @entity2 .

title: Connectome Reorganization Associated With Surgical Outcome in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cervical @entity10 >1.5cm in diameter is the less frequently observed criteria in @entity0 with @entity5 and it is usually found in association with other symptoms during the acute phase. Moreover, the finding of fever and @entity10 with intense local signs of @entity2 and phlegmon is rarely seen as the initial manifestation of @entity5 . We report the case of a 7-year-old @entity0 who had @entity6 with @entity8 and phlegmon mimicking bacterial @entity10 as the first presentation of @entity5 . The @entity0 had fever, @entity6 with @entity8 , and severe @entity1 . @entity14 was prescribed based on the clinical diagnosis of bacterial @entity10 . Because he remained febrile and phlogistic signs worsened, after 1 day of hospitalization, antibiotics were administrated intravenously ( @entity9 and @entity13 ). The computed tomography of the neck showed primary @entity4 /inflammatory process. On the fourth day, the @entity0 had @entity11 , and treatment with @entity13 was replaced by @entity12 because the @entity0 was still febrile. On the ninth day, he presented non-exudative bilateral conjunctival injection. On the tenth day of @entity3 , a @entity7 appeared on his trunk, hands and feet. @entity0 's symptoms resolved after intravenous administration of immunoglobulin (2g/kg/dose), and he was discharged 2 days later. On the 14th day, the @entity0 had lamellar desquamation of fingers. @entity5 should be considered as a differential diagnosis in @entity0 with febrile @entity6 unresponsive to empiric antibiotics even if they have @entity8 and phlegmon.

title: @entity6 mimicking bacterial XXXX as the first presentation of @entity5 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: Prostanoid generation may proceed via both isoforms of cyclooxygenase, @entity4 and @entity3 . @entity4 is thought to be ubiquitously expressed, whereas @entity3 is mostly assumed to be dynamically regulated, responding to inflammatory stimuli. The cellular localization of @entity4 and @entity3 in the lung, an organ with high cyclooxygenase activity, is not known. In normal @entity0 lungs the expression and localization of @entity4 and @entity3 were examined with immunogold- @entity2 staining and the RT-PCR technique. Quantitative image analysis of the staining intensity was performed by measuring mean gray values of digitized epipolarization images. Expression of both @entity4 and @entity3 was readily detectable in @entity0 lungs. @entity4 immunoreactivity localized predominantly to bronchial epithelial cells, smooth muscle cells of large hilum veins, and (with lower expression) to alveolar macrophages and pulmonary artery endothelial cells. The most intense @entity3 staining was noted in macrophage- and mast cell-like cells, detected in close vicinity to the bronchial epithelium and in the connective tissue surrounding the vessels. In addition, strong @entity3 expression was found in smooth muscle cells of partially muscular vessels and large veins of the hilum. Bronchial epithelial cells displayed @entity3 immunoreactivity with limited intensity. Alveolar macrophages and alveolar septal cells were only occasionally stained with anti- @entity3 antibodies. Both @entity4 and @entity3 are constitutively expressed in several cell types of normal @entity0 lung, but display clearly different patterns of cellular localization. @entity3 may not be related only to @entity1 , but is suggested to be implicated in regulatory processes under physiological conditions as well.

title: Cyclooxygenase isoenzyme localization and mRNA expression in XXXX lungs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity0 is directly associated with aging as well as progression of @entity1 . The vessels begin to stiffen with age. It is speculated that the increase in stiffness can occur as a result of either increase progression of @entity1 or possibly due to the deterioration of the elastic components of the arterial wall. Regardless of the mechanism, an increase in vessel stiffness can lead to significant increase in the pathophysiological progression of the disease. The overall objectives of this investigation were to evaluate the coronary artery obtained from cadavers in their 7th, 8th and 9th of life and characterized the level of @entity1 and to identify using special @entity2 staining techniques the involvement of fiber disruption in @entity1 . The coronary arteries were obtained from cadaveric donors at the University of Saskatoon (average age 81.7 years, range 77-92 years of age). The arteries were fixed, sectioned and stained for routine analysis as well as with an @entity2 staining protocol. The arteries were screened and the level of @entity1 was measured as well as thickness changes within the arteries. Digital imaging was used to capture the areas of @entity2 disruption. The overall results suggest @entity2 disruption occurs as the @entity1 plaque progresses. The imaging system in conjunction with @entity2 staining allows for a very sensitive method to analyze the tissue for the progression of pathophysiological disease mechanisms.

title: The use of digital imaging technology to assess the pathogenesis of coronary atherosclerosis: the role of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relative 5-year survival rate of @entity1 is moderate at best. This study was set up to evaluate whether the improvements in diagnosis and treatment in the last decades impacted the incidence, mortality and survival of @entity1 . METHODS: Data on @entity0 with @entity1 from 1989 through 2010 were extracted from the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR); we examined incidence, mortality and relative survival. Furthermore, information on sex, age, @entity1 stage, histology, and treatment was taken into account. RESULTS: A total of 2737 @entity0 were included. Fifty-three percent (53%) were males and 47% were females with a significant higher proportion of early stages in @entity0 . In 2010, the incidence rate (European Standardized Rate (ESR)) of @entity1 was 0.9 per 100,000 per year. The estimated annual percentage change in incidence rate since 1989 equaled 0.6% (95%CI: -0.2-1.4). Mortality rates (ESR) decreased in @entity0 until 1997 and increased thereafter. Mortality in @entity0 remained stable at 1.5 per 100,000. Over time more @entity0 were treated by surgery and radiotherapy (p<0.001). The relative five-year survival rate equaled 69% and did not change in time. CONCLUSION: We observed no relevant changes in incidence or mortality rates in the last two decades. Despite the increased combined treatment by surgery and radiotherapy, survival did not improve. This implies an urgent need for the development of new effective treatment modalities.

title: An epidemiological evaluation of XXXX in the Netherlands (1989-2010).

answer: @entity1


abstract: Maintenance electroconvulsive therapy (M-ECT) has been used to control @entity1 @entity0 for more than 50 years. In spite of this, there has been no prospective study made of this treatment. Most of the available information comprises naturalistic studies or case reports. As a result many unanswered questions concerning M-ECT remain, including its therapeutic efficacy. This pilot study was done prospectively on 11 @entity1 @entity0 suffering acute exacerbations, in order to determine the merits of M-ECT. After acute treatment, using only ECT, in 16 @entity0 , 11 were able to pass the 3-week-stabilization-period. They were identified as ECT responders and enrolled into the M-ECT study. M-ECT was started one week after the last treatment in the stabilization period using a tapering regimen, fixed interval schedule, beginning with weekly intervals for 1 month (4 treatments), then biweekly intervals for 2 months (4 treatments) and with monthly intervals thereafter. No neuroleptic drugs were used. @entity2 were the only medications prescribed to control @entity3 on a prn basis. The duration of the study was one year. Bilateral ECT was used throughout the study. Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and the Thai Mental State Exam (TMSE) were used to measure the outcome. A total of 8 @entity0 completed the study or stayed until relapse and 3 dropped out. At the 6-month-evaluation there were no relapses. After this, however, 5 @entity0 suffered relapses. Only 3 could complete the one year study. There were no serious side effects. This study indicates that M-ECT may have a role in the maintenance of some @entity1 @entity0 . Further studies are needed to determine the optimum frequency and the role of concurrent neuroleptic use.

title: Maintenance ECT in XXXX : a pilot study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: A retrospective epidemiological study of @entity0 treated for @entity4 ( @entity4 ) during 2003-2013 at Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, was undertaken to assess its incidence, management and treatment outcomes. Out of a total of 123 @entity0 with @entity3 (84 female, 39 @entity0 ), 38 @entity0 were diagnosed with @entity4 , all of whom were female. Of these, 23 lived in the South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority, representing an incidence of 0.2 per 100,000 (95% CI 0.13-0.3) in this region of 2.9  million inhabitants. Mean age at diagnosis was 54 years (range 20-85 years), and the mean interval between symptom onset and diagnosis was 3.1 years. The 38 @entity0 with @entity4 underwent a total of 132 operations between 2003 and 2013. All @entity0 were managed endoscopically using laser surgery, with or without @entity1 and @entity2 , with dilatation by balloon or bougie. Eight @entity0 (21.1%) required only one procedure, while 30 @entity0 (78.9%) had multiple operations. The median follow-up for all @entity0 from the first operation was 5.3 years. The mean interval between procedures was 1  year for @entity0 aged 20-48 years, 1.3 years for @entity0 aged 49-61 years and 3.0 years for @entity0 aged 62-85 years. No clinically significant complications were observed. In conclusion, the symptoms of @entity4 can be treated effectively with laser surgery and dilatation but the recurrence rate remains high and the time interval between operations does not increase with time, making @entity4 a continuing challenge.

title: XXXX : an epidemiological single-center study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Previous animal studies have shown that the nature and duration of postprandial motility in the small bowel depend both on the caloric load and the chemical composition of a meal. It is not clear whether this is also true for the @entity0 small bowel. Therefore we investigated the motor activity of the @entity0 small bowel in response to nutrient liquids of different caloric value and different chemical composition. Ten @entity0 volunteers underwent three separate, 24-hr ambulatory manometry studies. They drank water, a pure @entity1 solution, and Intralipid 10% in volumes of both 300 and 600 ml. The caloric value of the nutrient liquids was 330 and 660 kcal, respectively. Records were analyzed visually for the reappearance of phase III of the MMC after ingestion of a test liquid, and a validated computer program calculated the incidence and amplitude of @entity3 during the postprandial period. Neither duration of the postprandial interval nor the mean incidence or mean amplitude of @entity3 were different between the fat and the @entity2 solutions, but phase III reappeared significantly later after ingestion of the nutrient liquids than after water (P = 0.0002). Duration of the postprandial interval also depended on the volume or the caloric load of a liquid meal (P = 0.0012). Mean incidence of @entity3 tended to be higher after ingestion of nutrient liquids than after water (P = 0.059). We conclude that in ambulant subjects, small bowel motor activity in response to chemically diverse liquid meals is remarkably uniform. This is true for the duration of the postprandial motor activity, as well as the incidence and amplitude of @entity3 during that period. The caloric value of a liquid meal, however, regulates the duration of the postprandial interval in the @entity0 small bowel.

title: XXXX small bowel motor activity in response to liquid meals of different caloric value and different chemical composition.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: A screening colonoscopy is recommended in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of @entity2 @entity0 ; few prospective, controlled studies have evaluated colorectal findings in a population-based screening program. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of @entity2 ( @entity5 and @entity4 ) in this increased-risk population, to compare it with that of average-risk individuals, and to identify features that might allow risk stratification for @entity1 among FDRs. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Population-based screening program in Trentino, Italy. @entity0 : FDRs of @entity2 @entity0 between 45 and 75 years of age with no history of @entity2 or @entity3 . CONTROLS: Average-risk individuals undergoing screening colonoscopy. INTERVENTION: Screening colonoscopy. RESULTS: @entity1 was found in 33.4% of 1252 FDRs and in 30.3% of 765 controls; advanced @entity1 was found in 11.3% of FDRs and in 6.3% of controls. Odds ratios (ORs) from the multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, cecal intubation rates, and colon cleansing showed an increased risk of advanced @entity1 (OR 2.41; 95% CI, 1.69-3.43; P < .0001) in FDRs. Age older than 56 years (OR 1.83; 95% CI, 1.15-2.99; P = .013) and male sex (OR 2.17; 95% CI, 1.39-3.10; P < .001) are independent predictors of advanced @entity1 . LIMITATIONS: Italian subjects living in the same geographic area; of 4301 FDRs, 2521 were excluded. CONCLUSIONS: The increased risk of advanced @entity1 supports the current recommendation for colonoscopic screening in this group; age and sex may assist in risk stratification of these individuals.

title: Colonoscopic findings in first-degree relatives of XXXX with @entity2 : a population-based screening program.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Hospitals are under pressure to provide care that not only shortens hospital length of stay but also reduces subsequent hospital admissions. Hospital readmissions have received increased attention in outcome reporting. The authors identified survivors of @entity2 who then required subsequent hospitalization. A cohort of @entity2 survivors, who participated in an early intensive care unit (ICU) mobility program, was assessed to determine if variables from the index hospitalization predict hospital readmission or @entity1 , within 12 months of hospital discharge. METHODS: Hospital database and responses to letters mailed to 280 @entity2 survivors. Univariate predictor variables shown to be associated with hospital readmission or @entity1 (P < 0.1) were included in a multiple logistic regression. A stepwise selection procedure was used to identify significant variables (P < 0.05). RESULTS: Of the 280 survivors, 132 (47%) had at least 1 readmission or died within the first year, 126 (45%) were not readmitted and 22 (8%) were lost to follow-up. Tracheostomy [odds ratio (OR), 4.02 (95%CI, 1.72-9.40)], female gender [OR, 1.94 (95%CI, 1.13-3.32)], a higher Charlson Comorbidity Index assessed upon index hospitalization discharge [OR, 1.15 (95%CI, 1.01-1.31)] and lack of early ICU mobility therapy [OR, 1.77 (95%CI, 1.04-3.01)] predicted readmission or @entity1 in the first year postindex hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: Tracheostomy, female gender, higher Charlson Comorbidity Index and lack of early ICU mobility were associated with readmissions or @entity1 during the first year. Although the mechanisms of increased hospital readmission are unclear, these findings may provide further support for early ICU mobility for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: Receiving early mobility during an intensive care unit admission is a predictor of improved outcomes in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7 is an @entity2 caused by @entity6 , which persists in the lung of mammals. Infection in the skin is very rare. RESULTS: A subcutaneous @entity1 with itching developed on the right lateroabdominal region of a 55-year-old @entity0 10 days after eating fresh-water crab. It was surgically excised 2 months later. Examination of a specimen of the surgically excised @entity1 revealed an abscess containing many eosinophils. Parasites or other infectious organisms were not found in sections. The blood eosinophil count of the @entity0 was elevated, and @entity6 -specific immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody titer was strongly detected in the serum. The @entity1 was diagnosed as @entity7 caused by @entity6 . Three months after eating the crab, a chest X-ray film showed a @entity3 . P. westermani-specific IgG antibody was also detected in the pleural fluid. The @entity0 was given 75 mg/kg/day of @entity5 for 3 days. The @entity3 gradually disappeared after the medication. CONCLUSIONS: This @entity0 had @entity7 with a @entity4 that was diagnosed prior to the expression of a @entity3 .

title: A case of @entity7 with XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: When ectotherms are exposed to low temperatures, they enter a cold-induced @entity1 (chill @entity1 ) that prevents resource acquisition, mating, oviposition, and escape from predation. There is substantial variation in time taken to recover from chill @entity1 both within and among species, and this variation is correlated with habitat temperatures such that insects from cold environments recover more quickly. This suggests an adaptive response, but the mechanisms underlying variation in recovery times are unknown, making it difficult to decisively test adaptive hypotheses. We use replicated lines of @entity0 selected in the laboratory for fast (hardy) or slow (susceptible) chill- @entity1 recovery times to investigate modifications to metabolic profiles associated with cold adaptation. We measured metabolite concentrations of flies before, during, and after cold exposure using NMR spectroscopy to test the hypotheses that hardy flies maintain metabolic homeostasis better during cold exposure and recovery, and that their metabolic networks are more robust to cold-induced perturbations. The metabolites of cold-hardy flies were less cold responsive and their metabolic networks during cold exposure were more robust, supporting our hypotheses. Metabolites involved in membrane lipid synthesis, @entity3 metabolism, oxidative stress, energy balance, and @entity2 metabolism were altered by selection on cold tolerance. We discuss the potential significance of these alterations. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Cold adaptation shapes the robustness of metabolic networks in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In spite of recent advances in the treatment of @entity7 , up to 35% of @entity0 living with the condition do not respond to accessible anti- @entity7 drugs (AEDs) and continue to experience regular, devastating and potentially life-threatening @entity8 . @entity10 is a significant feature of @entity7 in @entity0 and experimental models. It has been reported that @entity16 , an endogenous ligand for the angiotensin-1-like receptor (APJ), has anticonvulsive as well as protective effects in some neurodegenerative situations. In the current study, we investigated the effects of @entity16 -13 on @entity14 ( @entity15 )-induced @entity11 in @entity2 's brain primary culture. @entity4 was induced by 20mM @entity15 and the cells viability was examined by @entity3 assay. Intracellular @entity9 , reactive @entity1 species (ROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by fluorescence spectrophotometry methods. Markers of apoptosis were determined by immunohistochemistry. The data showed that @entity15 caused a loss of cell viability and mitochondrial membrane potential. In addition, intracellular reactive @entity1 species, intracellular @entity9 , @entity13 and @entity12 positive cells were increased in @entity15 -treated cells. Incubation of the cells with aplein-13 (10 M) elicited protective effect and reduced markers of cell damage and @entity6 . The results suggest that @entity16 -13 has protective effects against @entity15 -induced @entity5 and such effects are accompanied by its @entity9 blocking, antioxidant and, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties.

title: XXXX -13 protects @entity2 primary cortical glia-neuron co-culture against @entity14 -induced @entity5 .

answer: @entity16


abstract: Exposure to high-dose radiation results in detrimental effects on survival. The effects of combined @entity2 , such as radiation in combination with @entity4 , the typical injury of victims exposed to a radiation blast, on survival and hematopoietic effects have yet to be understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of @entity10 ( @entity10 ) combined with @entity4 (i.e., combined injury, CI) on survival and hematopoietic effects, and to investigate whether @entity4 ( @entity4 ) enhanced @entity10 -induced mortality and @entity13 . Male CD2F1 @entity0 (10 weeks old) were given one single exposure of y- radiation (60Co) at various doses (0.6 Gy/min). Within 2 hr after @entity10 , animals under anesthesia were bled 0% (Sham) or 20% ( @entity4 ) of total blood volume via the submandibular vein. In these @entity0 , @entity4 reduced the LD50/30 for 30-day survival from 9.1 Gy ( @entity10 ) to 8.75 Gy (CI) with a DMF of 1.046. @entity10 resulted in @entity12 , @entity9 , erythropenia, and bone marrow cell depletion, but decreased the @entity3 activation response. @entity10 increased @entity5 , @entity8 , @entity6 , and @entity7 concentrations in serum, bone marrow, ileum, spleen, and kidney. Some of these adverse alterations were magnified by CI. @entity14 production was increased in kidney and blood more after CI than @entity10 . Furthermore, CI altered the global miRNAs expression in kidney and the ingenuity pathway analysis showed that miRNAs viz., @entity16 , @entity15 and miR-29b that were associated with @entity11 and @entity1 . This study provides preliminary evidence that non-lethal @entity4 exacerbates @entity10 -induced mortality and cell losses associated with high-dose y-radiation. We identified some of the initial changes occurring due to CI which may have facilitated in worsening the injury and hampering the recovery of animals ultimately resulting in higher mortality.

title: @entity4 Exacerbates Radiation Effects on Survival, @entity12 , XXXX , Erythropenia, Bone Marrow Cell Depletion and Hematopoiesis, and Inflammation-Associated microRNAs Expression in Kidney.

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In this study, we demonstrated a natural silk fibroin protein (SFP) that was blended with a Chinese herbal extract ( @entity4 , BAI) to obtain an effective combination for producing electrospun nonwoven mats with anti-inflammatory and antibacterial functions. A series of SFP-based electrospun nonwoven mats with additives of varying compositions were produced and investigated. Performance comparisons showed that the SFP/ @entity3 (PVP)/BAI nonwoven mat is the optimal one. In vitro, SFP/PVP/BAI nonwoven mat is effective in inhibiting the formation of @entity2 in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced @entity2 formation in Raw 264.7 macrophages model and the growth of @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Especially in the case of SFP/PVP/BAI nonwoven mat, Bai has been proved to reach their maximum amount of releases of approximately 64.8% within 24 h of contact with water-based environment as compared to the SFP/BAI nonwoven mat (only 30.1% of release within 24 h). For in vivo experiments, a 1.2 cm * 1.2 cm wound area was created on the back of @entity0 and seeded with 1 * 10(7) CFU/mL of @entity1 to induce an infected wound model. The experimental results show significant acceleration of the wound closure process in @entity0 treated with SFP/PVP/BAI nonwoven mat (4 days of reduction as compared to the untreated group), reduction in infiltration of neutrophils, @entity2 formation, and inhibition of growth of wound bacteria. Histological images of the group treated with SFP/PVP/BAI nonwoven mat showed a compete repair of skin hierarchy, increasing production of collagen fibers, and enhancement of angiogenesis. This may bring a better recovery of skin appearance after treatment.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2015.

title: Silk fibroin protein-based nonwoven mats incorporating XXXX Chinese herbal extract: preparation, characterizations, and in vivo evaluation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Green tea is known as a dietary supplement and a novel functional food worldwide. Since there are increasing preclinical evidence about efficacy of green tea for treating @entity3 , this study has aimed at assessing its efficacy and safety for @entity0 with @entity4 . METHODS: This is a randomized open-label active-controlled clinical trial. As many as fifty adults with @entity3 of knee were randomly allocated to receive the green tea extract (in dosage form of tablet) plus @entity5 tablet as "intervention group"; or: @entity5 tablet  alone as "control group" for a period of four weeks. @entity0 were assessed at the beginning of intervention, and then 4 weeks later, in terms of @entity1 score via visual analogue scale (VAS), and Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity3 Index (WOMAC) questionnaire's total score in addition to its 3 sub-scores. Furthermore, they were asked about any adverse effects during intervention period. RESULTS: Mean differences of @entity2 , total WOMAC, and WOMAC physical function scores in green tea group showed a significant reduction, compared with the control group (P  =  0.038, P  =  0.006, and P  =  0.004, respectively). However, No significant differences between the two groups were observed, regarding mean differences of WOMAC @entity1 and stiffness scores of the enrolled @entity0 (P  =  0.163, and P  =  0.150, respectively). Additionally, only 1 @entity0 reported gastric upset [in control group]. CONCLUSIONS: It seems that green tea extract might well be considered as an adjunctive treatment both for control of @entity1 and for the betterment of knee joint physical function in adults with @entity3 . However, further studies of longer duration and larger sample size are needed.

title: Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for XXXX with @entity4 : A randomized open-label active-controlled clinical trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Complex III (CIII; ubiquinol @entity6 reductase of the mitochondrial respiratory chain) catalyzes electron transfer from @entity5 and @entity4 -linked dehydrogenases to @entity6 . CIII is made up of 11 subunits, of which all but one ( @entity8 ) are encoded by nuclear DNA. @entity7 are rare and manifest heterogeneous clinical presentations. Although pathogenic mutations in the gene encoding mitochondrial @entity8 have been described, mutations in the nuclear-DNA-encoded subunits have not been reported. Involvement of various genes has been indicated in assembly of @entity3 CIII (refs. 8-11). So far only one such gene, @entity9 , has been identified in @entity0 . @entity9 represents, therefore, an obvious candidate gene in @entity7 . Here, we report @entity9 mutations in six @entity0 , from four unrelated families and presenting neonatal proximal @entity1 , hepatic involvement and @entity2 . Complementation study in @entity3 confirmed the deleterious effect of these mutations. Mutation of @entity9 would seem to be a frequent cause of @entity7 , as one-third of our @entity0 have @entity9 mutations.

title: A mutant mitochondrial respiratory chain assembly protein causes XXXX in @entity0 with @entity1 , @entity2 and liver failure.

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have become powerful tools in neuroscience for both basic research and potential therapeutic use. They have become especially important tools for optogenetic experiments based on their ability to achieve transgene expression in postmitotic neurons with regional selectivity. With the use of appropriate promoter elements they can achieve cellular specificity as well. One population of neurons that plays a central role in @entity0 neurodegenerative and @entity2 diseases are the @entity3 neurons of the midbrain. To study these neurons in vivo with advanced techniques it would be highly advantageous to characterize an appropriate specific promoter. To this end we have characterized a 2.5-kb sequence of the @entity1 @entity4 hydroxylase ( @entity5 ) promoter. The @entity5 (2.5) promoter induced expression of the fluorescent reporter protein mCherry in SN @entity3 neurons. Although it showed excellent specificity in cortex and striatum, where no reporter expression was observed, in the SN region many neurons expressed reporter but not @entity5 . We show that some of the @entity5 negativity is due to the suppression of its expression by the transgene. We conclude that @entity5 (2.5) does preferentially label @entity3 neurons but its specificity is not complete within the substantia nigra and caution must be used.

title: A quantitative evaluation of a 2.5-kb @entity1 XXXX hydroxylase promoter to target expression in ventral mesencephalic @entity3 neurons in vivo.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Branched-chain @entity6 or @entity13 have been reported to possess anti- @entity0 activity in @entity0 models. Here we study @entity14 ( @entity15 ), a branched-chain @entity4 , isolated from a sea @entity11 extract, on the growth of @entity2 cells and investigate the underlying mechanisms of its effect. METHODS: 12-MTA was evaluated by @entity1 assay for its ability to inhibit cell proliferation in various @entity0 types. The ability of 12-MTA to induce apoptosis of @entity9 cells was examined by morphologic changes, @entity7 (PI) staining, and @entity3 activation. Furthermore, alteration of @entity10 metabolism by 12-MTA was examined in @entity9 and RBL-1 cells and in purified lipoxygenase (LOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes. RESULTS: 12-MTA inhibited proliferation of various cell lines, with IC50s ranging from 17.99 to 35.44 microg/ml. PI staining clearly showed that 12-MTA caused @entity9 cell death through induction of apoptosis. At 50 microg/ml, 12-MTA increased @entity3 activity four to seven-fold compared with that in control cells. Examination of cellular @entity8 metabolism showed that at 25 microg/ml, 12-MTA reduced the level of @entity12 ( @entity12 ) by 45%. Furthermore, exogenous @entity12 protects @entity9 cells from 12-MTA induced cell death. CONCLUSIONS: 12-MTA inhibited proliferation of @entity0 cells via apoptosis, in which @entity3 may play a role. At relevant concentrations, 12-MTA can selectively inhibit the formation of @entity12 , a metabolite of @entity5 . This agent may be a novel adjunctive therapy for selected @entity0 including @entity2 .

title: Inhibition of proliferation of XXXX cells by the branched-chain @entity4 , @entity14 , is associated with inhibition of @entity5 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Pregnancy-related complications such as @entity4 and @entity3 now represent a notable burden of adverse health. @entity4 is a @entity1 unique to pregnancy. It is an important cause of @entity2 worldwide and a leading cause of @entity5 and iatrogenic prematurity. Fifteen million @entity0 are born preterm each year globally, but more than one million of those do not survive their first month of life. Currently there are no predictive tests available for diagnosis of these @entity6 and the biological mechanisms of the diseases have not been fully elucidated. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics have all the necessary attributes to provide the needed breakthrough in understanding the pathophysiology of complex @entity0 diseases thorough the discovery of biomarkers. The mass spectrometry methodologies employed in the studies for @entity6 are evaluated in this article. Top-down proteomic and peptidomic profiling by laser mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis coupled to mass spectrometry, and bottom-up quantitative proteomics and targeted proteomics by liquid chromatography mass spectrometry have been applied to elucidate protein biomarkers and biological mechanism of @entity6 . The proteomes of serum, urine, amniotic fluid, cervical-vaginal fluid, placental tissue, and cytotrophoblastic cells have all been investigated. Numerous biomarkers or biomarker candidates that could distinguish complicated pregnancies from healthy controls have been proposed. Nevertheless, questions as to the clinically utility and the capacity to elucidate the pathogenesis of the @entity4 and @entity3 remain to be answered.

title: Mass Spectrometry-Based Proteomics for @entity4 and XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity11 -based chemotherapeutic regimen M-CAVI ( @entity8 , @entity11 , and @entity13 ) is active against @entity2 and can be administered to @entity0 who are ineligible to receive @entity6 or @entity5 . The authors designed a randomized study to evaluate whether M-CAVI offers a therapeutic advantage over the @entity6 -based regimen M-VAC ( @entity8 , @entity13 , @entity5 , and @entity6 ) in the treatment of @entity0 with surgically incurable advanced @entity2 . METHODS: @entity0 with surgically incurable advanced @entity2 were enrolled on a randomized trial comparing M-CAVI, which consists of @entity11 (300 mg/m2 on Day 2, adjusted using Calvert's formula for an area under the curve of 5), @entity8 (30 mg/m2 on Days 1, 15, and 22), and @entity13 (3 mg/m2 on Days 2, 15, and 22) administered every 28 days, versus standard M-VAC. The eligibility criteria included histologically proven @entity2 , surgically incurable disease, and no prior chemotherapy. @entity0 were treated until disease progression or unacceptable @entity1 occurred. RESULTS: From January 1989 to January 1994, 47 assessable @entity0 were included. Seventeen @entity0 had @entity9 and 30 had distant metastatic disease. Twenty-three @entity0 were randomized to receive M-CAVI and 24 to receive M-VAC. @entity0 characteristics in the two groups were similar. Overall response rates were 39% (95% confidence interval [CI], 20-62%) for M-CAVI and 52% (95% CI, 30-73%) for M-VAC (P = 0.3), with 3 complete responses observed among @entity0 treated with M-VAC and none among those in the M-CAVI group. M-VAC was associated with more @entity4 , @entity12 , @entity10 , and Grade 4 @entity7 than M-CAVI. One @entity1 -related @entity3 occurred in the M-VAC group. There was a statistically significant difference in median disease-related survival time favoring M-VAC (16 months; range, 6 to 22+) versus M-CAVI (9 months; range, 6 to 14+) (P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: M-CAVI is less toxic but less active than M-VAC in the treatment of @entity0 with advanced @entity2 . @entity11 -based regimens in which @entity11 is administered at the dose range used in the current study should be reserved for @entity0 who cannot tolerate @entity6 treatment. Further research is required to assess the impact of high dose @entity11 in the treatment of this disease.

title: XXXX -based versus @entity6 -based chemotherapy in the treatment of surgically incurable advanced @entity2 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: AIM: Formulation and evaluation of @entity11 , an anti- @entity1 drug loaded in different biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Different carrier systems such as @entity10 ( @entity9 50:50), @entity8 ( @entity4 ) and @entity5 (PCL) are used to prepare nanoparticles by simple emulsion technique. The surfactants @entity6 and @entity7 were studied for their use as stabilizing agents at varying concentrations. The formulations were studied for their particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and solid state characteristics, and also were tested for their in vitro @entity3 and in vivo behavior in @entity2 . KEY FINDINGS: The entrapment ranged from 35 to 85%, depending on the drug-polymer ratio used. Particle size ranged from 100 to 350nm with optimal zeta potential. Accordingly, discrete spherical nanoparticles with smooth surface were obtained as evidence from Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) study. The solid state characteristics revealed dispersion of drug at the molecular level in the polymeric matrix of nanoparticles. A non-Fickian transport with initial burst release followed by slow release was observed with nanoparticles. The remarkable decrease in cell viability at various time points was observed for @entity9 nanoparticles compared to other polymer matrices. The AUC(0 >    ) of @entity9 , @entity4 and PCL nanoparticles were found to be 4.77, 19.31 and 19.81 fold higher than (p<0.05) @entity11 in solution, respectively. Also, pharmacokinetics study revealed the long time circulation of @entity11 loaded polymeric nanoparticles. SIGNIFICANCE: The results suggest that developed nanoparticles could be used successfully for effective management of @entity0 chemotherapy.

title: Nanomedicine of @entity11 for @entity0 : Physicochemical evaluation, in vitro XXXX on BT-549 and MCF-7 cell lines and preclinical study on @entity2 model.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Links between environmental chemicals and @entity0 health have emerged, but the effects on hearing were less studied. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships of different sets of environmental chemicals and the hearing conditions in a national and population-based setting. METHODS: Data was retrieved from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2011-2012 including demographics, serum measurements, lifestyle factors, self-reported hearing conditions, and urinary environmental chemical concentrations. Chi-square test, t test, and survey-weighted logistic regression models were performed. RESULTS: Among the American adults aged 20-69 (n   =   5560), 462 (8.3  %) @entity0 reported their hearing condition as moderate trouble to deaf. They had higher levels of urinary @entity6 and polyfluorinated compounds but not heavy metals, @entity4 , @entity3 , pesticides, @entity8 , @entity12 , @entity10 , @entity1 , and @entity5 concentrations. Also, 466 (10.0  %) @entity0 had hearing difficulties during conversation. They had higher levels of urinary @entity2 ( @entity11 , 95  % confidence interval (95%CI) 1.00-1.63), molybdemum (OR 1.45, 95%CI 1.04-2.02), @entity7 (OR 1.56, 95%CI 1.10-2.21), @entity4 , @entity10 (OR 1.27, 95%CI 1.05-1.54), @entity1 (OR 1.60, 1.03-2.49) and @entity5 (OR 1.22, 95%CI 1.01-1.48) concentrations but not @entity3 , pesticides, @entity8 , @entity12 , @entity6 , and polyfluorinated compounds. Moreover, @entity0 who reported difficulties in following conversation with background noise had higher levels of urinary @entity9 concentrations (OR 1.17, 1.00-1.36). CONCLUSIONS: Urinary heavy metals, @entity4 , @entity10 , @entity1 , @entity5 , @entity6 , and polyfluorinated compounds were associated with the adult hearing disturbance, although the causality cannot be established. Elimination of these environmental chemicals might need to be considered in future environmental health policy and health intervention programs.

title: Urinary heavy metals, @entity4 , @entity10 , XXXX , @entity5 , @entity6 , and polyfluorinated compounds are associated with adult hearing disturbance: USA NHANES, 2011-2012.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Importance: Psoriasis is a risk factor for @entity4 . @entity4 may also trigger or exacerbate @entity6 . The relationship between @entity6 and @entity4 , however, remains to be fully explored. Objective: To investigate the association between @entity6 and @entity4 in the US population. Design, Setting, and @entity0 : Population-based study using @entity0 in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2009 through 2012. Main Outcomes and Measures: Diagnosis of @entity4 based on the @entity0 Health Questionnaire-9. Results: We identified 351 (2.8%) cases of @entity6 and 968 (7.8%) cases of @entity4 among 12   382 US citizens included in our study. Fifty-eight (16.5%) @entity0 with @entity6 met criteria for a diagnosis of @entity4 . The mean (SD) @entity0 Health Questionnaire-9 score was significantly higher among @entity0 with a history of @entity6 than those without @entity6 (4.54 [5.7] vs 3.22 [4.3], P   <   .001). Psoriasis was significantly associated with @entity4 , even after adjustment for sex, age, race, body mass index, physical activity, smoking history, @entity3 use, history of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), history of @entity2 , and history of @entity1 (OR, 2.09 [95% CI, 1.41-3.11], P   <   .001). Interaction term analyses involving @entity0 with a history of both @entity6 and a cardiovascular event, specifically @entity5 or @entity2 , did not reveal a synergistically increased risk of @entity4 ( @entity6 and @entity5 : OR, 1.09 [95% CI, 0.28-3.60], P   =   .91; @entity6 and @entity2 : OR, 0.67 [95% CI, 0.12-3.66], P   =   .63). In adjusted multivariable models, the risk of @entity4 was not significantly different between @entity0 with limited vs extensive @entity6 (OR, 0.66 [95% CI, 0.18-2.44], P   =   .53). Conclusions and Relevance: Self-reported history of @entity6 was independently associated with @entity4 as assessed by a validated screening tool, even when controlling for comorbidities. History of cardiovascular event did not modify the risk of @entity4 for @entity0 with @entity6 . The severity of @entity6 was unrelated to the risk of @entity4 . Therefore, all @entity0 with @entity6 , regardless of severity, may be at risk for @entity4 .

title: Psoriasis and the Risk of XXXX in the US Population: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009-2012.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ineffective esophageal motility (IEM) is associated with @entity1 , but its natural history is unclear. We evaluated @entity0 undergoing repeat esophageal high resolution manometry (HRM) for symptomatic presentations after antireflux surgery (ARS) to understand the progression of IEM. METHODS: @entity0 with repeat HRM after ARS were included. Ineffective esophageal motility was diagnosed if >= 5 sequences had distal contractile integral (DCI) <450 mmHg cm s. Augmentation of DCI following @entity2 ( @entity2 ) was assessed. The esophagogastric junction (EGJ) was interrogated using the EGJ contractile integral (EGJ-CI). Esophageal motor function was compared between @entity0 with and without IEM. KEY RESULTS: Sixty-eight @entity0 (53.9    1.8 years, 66.2% female) had pre- and post-ARS HRM studies 2.1    0.19 years apart. Esophagogastric junction-CI augmented by a mean of 26.3% following ARS. Four IEM phenotypes were identified: 14.7% had persistent IEM, 8.8% resolved IEM after ARS, 19.1% developed new IEM, and 57.4% had no IEM at any point. @entity0 with IEM had a lower DCI pre- and post-ARS, lower pre-ARS EGJ CI, and lower pre-ARS-integrated relaxation pressure (p  <= 0.02 for all comparisons); presenting symptoms and other EGJ metrics were similar (p >=  0.08 for all comparisons). The IEM phenotypes could be predicted by @entity2 DCI response patterns (p = 0.008 across groups); @entity0 with persistent IEM had the least DCI augmentation (p = 0.007 compared to no IEM), while those who resolved IEM had DCI augmentation comparable to no IEM (p = 0.08). CONCLUSIONS _ INFERENCES: Distinct phenotypes of IEM exist among symptomatic reflux @entity0 following ARS. Provocative testing with @entity2 may help identify these phenotypes pre-ARS.

title: Ineffective esophageal motility phenotypes following fundoplication in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Among the percutaneous procedures for the treatment of @entity3 , percutaneous anhydrous @entity2 rhizolysis (PRGR) and radiofrequency (RF) ablation of @entity3 have stood the test of time. OBJECTIVE: A prospective study was conducted to compare PRGR and RF ablation techniques in @entity0 with @entity3 in terms of (1) efficacy of @entity1 relief, (2) duration of @entity1 relief and (3) side effects. METHODS: All @entity0 presenting to our @entity1 clinic for the first time for the treatment of @entity3 were enrolled to receive either PRGR or RF ablation; the treatment was chosen by the @entity0 . Demographic data, magnetic resonance imaging scan, relevant medical disease, amount of anhydrous @entity2 , lesion temperature, and total duration of RF were noted. The presence or absence of cerebrospinal fluid egress, immediate @entity1 relief, duration of @entity1 -free period, need for repeat injection or additional peripheral nerve block, and recurrence of @entity1 were also noted. The degree of @entity1 relief was recorded every 3 months. Any complications during the procedure and side effects were also recorded. RESULTS: Seventy-nine @entity0 underwent either PRGR (n = 40) or RF thermocoagulation (n = 39). A total of 23 @entity0 (58.9%) in the PRGR group and 33 @entity0 (84.6%) in the RF group experienced excellent @entity1 relief. The mean duration of excellent @entity1 relief in the PRGR and RF groups was comparable. By the end of the study period, 39.1% @entity0 in the PRGR group and 51.5% @entity0 in the RF group experienced recurrence of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Both PRGR and RF techniques can achieve acceptable @entity1 relief with minimal side effects.

title: Comparative evaluation of percutaneous retrogasserian @entity2 rhizolysis and radiofrequency thermocoagulation techniques in the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY: Prisoners tend to be marginalized and deprived of the rights and privileges that other citizens in the community enjoy. Their separation from families, adverse effects on health of prison environment, and the uncertainty about the future place a great psychological burden on them which can lead to the development of @entity5 . AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of @entity1 morbidity ( @entity4 and @entity2 ) and the associated factors among a sample of the prison inmates. MATERIALS AND METHOD: The study was descriptive and cross-sectional in design; it was conducted in a medium security prison in Benin City, Nigeria. @entity0 were interviewed with the Self-Reporting Questionnaire-20, the Hospital Anxiety and @entity4 Scale, and a socio-demographic questionnaire. Two hundred and fifty-two prisoners who were selected by systematic sampling techniques participated in the study and the data were analyzed using the 16th version of the SPSS with the statistical level of significance set at p   <   0.05. Data were presented in tables; frequencies and percentages were calculated. Chi-square and logistic regression statistical tests were performed to determine variables that have relationship with @entity1 morbidity. RESULTS: The mean age of the respondents was 33.6 years (SD        9.29), and the majority of the respondents (43.7%) were in the age range 21-30 years. The prevalence of general @entity1 morbidity (SRQ-20 caseness) was 80.6%, while 72.6% and 77.8% were found to be positive for @entity4 and @entity2 symptoms respectively on the HADS. Overall, 84.5% of the respondents had at least one type of @entity1 morbidity. Age, marital status, self-reported physical and mental health, previous @entity5 , @entity3 , prison accommodation, prison meal, and health care services were found to be significantly associated with @entity4 , @entity2 or general @entity1 morbidity. Self-reported poor current mental health was the only variable that predicted all the three types of @entity1 morbidity. CONCLUSION: Prisoners in this study, and as in previous reports, had high prevalence rates of @entity1 morbidity. Thus, prisoners have a need for regular @entity1 screening and treatment. The consequences of untreated @entity1 morbidity and the need for improved health care services and infrastructure in the prison were discussed.

title: Prevalence and correlates of XXXX and @entity2 in a sample of inmates in a Nigerian prison.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Reduced cell-cell adhesion allows malignant epithelial cells to invade the basal membrane and penetrate the stroma. This implies the potential of the cells to escape from the @entity0 as well as spreading ability. Herein, we investigated the effects of @entity10 (LA), a @entity5 agonistic analogue, alone or in combination with @entity3 ( @entity4 ), on the expression of molecules involved in cell adhesion ( @entity8 , @entity9 , a-, b- and y-catenin) or in migration/invasion ( @entity6 , CD44v6 and @entity7 ) in @entity2 -sensitive (LNCaP) and -insensitive (PC-3) @entity1 (CaP) cells. We demonstrated by immunoblotting that, in LNCaP cells, molecules present in the adherens junctions ( @entity8 , a-, b- and y-catenin) were expressed, while a-catenin was absent in PC-3 cells which expressed @entity9 and @entity6 . In LNCaP cells, no changes in @entity8 levels were produced by 10(-9) M @entity4 while LA (10(-11) or 10(-6) M) up-regulated the protein level (up to 26-30% after 48 h). In the same cells, b- and y-catenin expression was enhanced either by @entity4 (24 and 20%, respectively) or LA (up to 18 and 40%, respectively), while a-catenin was not affected. Antagonistic effects were consistently observed between @entity4 and LA when the two hormones were jointly administered to the cells. Consistent results were obtained by immunocytochemistry. Co-immunoprecipitation analysis, used to verify the integrity of the LNCaP cell adhesion complex, demonstrated the association of @entity8 with catenins. In PC-3 cells, adhesion molecule expression, analyzed by immunoblotting, was unaffected by LA, while a down-regulation of @entity6 (up to 28%) was observed after 24 h of treatment but which did not hold up over time (48-144 h). Our findings demonstrate the efficacy of LA in upregulating @entity8 , b- and y-catenin in LNCaP cells. This effect, that may be considered as another aspect of the direct antitumor activity of the @entity5 analogue in hormone-dependent CaP cells, may contribute to maintenance/restoration of the normal tissue architecture counteracting the @entity0 cell spreading tendency.

title: @entity10 affects adhesion molecule expression in human XXXX cells.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The sigma-1 receptors bind diverse kinds of psychoactive compounds, including @entity3 , and translocate upon stimulation by these compounds. However, the exact intracellular localization and dynamics of sigma-1 receptors have been unclear. We recently found that sigma-1 receptors specifically localize on @entity1 -enriched loci on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane that function as neutral lipid storage sites (i.e., ER lipid droplets or ER-LDs) from which neutral lipids bud out to form cytosolic lipid droplets. By combining immunocytochemistry and real-time monitoring of enhanced yellow fluorescent protein (EYFP)-tagged sigma-1 receptors (Sig-1R-EYFP) in living cells, we characterized the @entity5 translocation in this study. @entity4 , a selective @entity5 agonist, causes a significant decrease of sigma-1 receptors in ER-LDs and a diffused distribution of sigma-1 receptors over the entire endoplasmic reticulum reticular network in @entity0 cells. In the presence of @entity5 agonists, Sig-1R-EYFP move out from ER-LDs and slide along the endoplasmic reticulum network toward nuclear envelope and the @entity2 . Fluorescence recovery after photobleaching analysis demonstrates that Sig-1R-EYFP on endoplasmic reticulum reticular network are highly mobile compared with those in ER-LDs. A sucrose gradient fractionation study shows that @entity4 shifts sigma-1 receptors from ER-LD membranes to higher density membranes. These results indicate that sigma-1 receptors localize on ER-LDs and upon stimulation translocate on continuous endoplasmic reticulum reticular network toward peripheries of cells. Because sigma-1 receptors specifically target ER lipid storage sites and compartmentalize neutral lipids therein, these results suggest that sigma-1 receptors' dynamic translocation might affect lipid transport and distribution in neuronal cells.

title: Intracellular dynamics of sigma-1 receptors (sigma(1) binding sites) in XXXX cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: We measured the changes during operation in seven markers of coagulation in a prospective series of 84 @entity0 with @entity2 of the tibia or femur who were undergoing reamed intramedullary nailing. All @entity0 were also continually monitored using transoesophageal echocardiography to assess @entity3 . In a subset of 40 @entity0 , intraoperative cardiopulmonary function was monitored, using pulmonary and systemic arterial catheterisation. The procedure produced a significant increase in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, the level of prothrombin fragments @entity11 and D-dimers, and a decrease in the @entity9 level, suggesting activation of both the coagulation and fibrinolytic pathways. There was evidence of both platelet hyper-reactivity and depletion, as estimated by an increase in @entity10 levels and a decrease in the platelet count. In the @entity0 who had invasive monitoring there was an incremental increase in mean pulmonary arterial pressure, with the changes being greatest during insertion of the guide-wire and reaming. The change in markers of coagulation, pulmonary artery pressure and arterial @entity1 partial pressures correlated with the intraoperative @entity6 response. Greater changes in these parameters were observed during stabilisation of @entity2 and in those @entity0 in whom surgery had been delayed for more than 48 hours. Seven @entity0 with @entity2 developed more severe @entity5 episodes during reaming, which were associated with significantly greater arterial hypoxaemia, a fall in the right ventricular ejection fraction and an increase in the mean pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, central venous pressure and the pulmonary vascular resistance index. These changes suggested that the @entity0 had transient intraoperative right heart strain. Eight @entity0 developed significant postoperative respiratory compromise. They all had severe intraoperative @entity6 responses and, in the three who had invasive monitoring, there was a significantly greater increase in pulmonary artery pressure and alveolar-arterial @entity1 gradient, and a fall in the ratio of arterial partial pressure of @entity1 to the inspired @entity1 concentration. Operative delay, @entity7 and the scores for the severity of the coagulative and @entity6 responses were predictive of the development of @entity4 on univariate logistic regression analysis. On multivariate analysis, however, only the @entity6 and coagulative scores were significant independent predictors of @entity8 .

title: The coagulative and cardiorespiratory responses to reamed intramedullary nailing of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Granule cell (GC) neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus (DG) does not always proceed normally. After severe @entity4 (e.g., @entity2 [ @entity2 ]) and some other conditions, newborn GCs appear in the hilus. Hilar ectopic GCs (EGCs) can potentially provide insight into the effects of abnormal location and @entity4 on GC development. Additionally, hilar EGCs that develop after @entity2 may contribute to epileptogenesis and @entity1 that follow @entity2 . Thus, it is critical to understand how EGCs differ from normal GCs. Relatively little morphometric information is available on EGCs, especially those restricted to the hilus. This study quantitatively analyzed the structural morphology of hilar EGCs from adult male @entity0 several months after @entity5 -induced @entity2 , when they are considered to have chronic @entity3 . Hilar EGCs were physiologically identified in slices, intracellularly labeled, processed for light microscopic reconstruction, and compared to GC layer GCs, from both the same post- @entity2 tissue and the NeuroMorpho database (normal GCs). Consistently, hilar EGC and GC layer GCs had similar dendritic lengths and field sizes, and identifiable apical dendrites. However, hilar EGC dendrites were topologically more complex, with more branch points and tortuous dendritic paths. Three-dimensional analysis revealed that, remarkably, hilar EGC dendrites often extended along the longitudinal DG axis, suggesting increased capacity for septotemporal integration. Axonal reconstruction demonstrated that hilar EGCs contributed to mossy fiber sprouting. This combination of preserved and aberrant morphological features, potentially supporting convergent afferent input to EGCs and broad, divergent efferent output, could help explain why the hilar EGC population could impair DG function.

title: Morphometry of hilar ectopic granule cells in the XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Continuous exposure to naturally-derived chemotherapy agents such as @entity12 may theoretically override drug resistance due to overexpression of the multidrug resistance gene product, @entity9 . @entity3 in high dose may have a similar overriding effect. Data also suggest that @entity7 both by continuous infusion and when combined with a @entity6 compound may be more effective. Forty-four chemotherapy-refractory/relapsed @entity4 @entity0 received the DICE infusional regimen. The programme consisted of @entity3 40 mg i.v. daily for 4 days, @entity7 1500 mg mixed with equal dosing of mesna continuously infused i.v. daily for 4 days, @entity5 25 mg i.v. each day for 4 days and @entity12 150 mg continuously infused i.v. daily for 4 days, all administered every 3 weeks. Doses of @entity7 and @entity12 were escalated by 250 mg and 25 mg, respectively, based on @entity0 tolerance, usually lack of myelosuppression. Special hydration was not required. @entity8 support was provided to @entity0 as required. All @entity0 had disease that had relapsed from or was resistant to @entity13 or a similar @entity14 -containing combination regimen. A majority had previously received at least two regimens and 27% had received three or more. Of 44 @entity0 , 32 (73%) achieved a significant response consisting of 18 complete remissions (CR) (41%) and 14 (32%) partial remissions (PR). There were 81% objective responses in large cell @entity4 comprised of 50% CR and 31% PR. Previous response to chemotherapy predicted response to DICE: 83% (25/30) of prior responders vs 50% (7/14) of non-responders had a response to the treatment regimen (p = 0.031, Fisher's exact test). @entity0 not undergoing transplantation had a median time of 8 months on therapy and a mean of 10 months. @entity2 was haematological (36% developing grade III-IV @entity2 ) and neurological (9%). There were only three episodes of clinical @entity11 or gross haematuria. Infusional DICE is an easily administered and well tolerated programme with significant activity in refractory or relapsed @entity10 and may be useful as a @entity1 -reductive therapy prior to high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation.

title: DICE ( @entity3 , @entity7 , @entity5 , @entity12 ) infusional chemotherapy for refractory or relapsed @entity10 ( XXXX ).

answer: @entity10


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few reports have shown an association between access type and inflammatory marker levels in a longitudinal cohort. We investigated the role of access type on serial levels of inflammatory markers and the role of inflammatory markers in mediating the association of access type and risk of mortality in a prospective study of incident dialysis @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: Cohort study, post hoc analysis of the @entity4 ( @entity4 ) Study. SETTING _ @entity0 : In 583 @entity0 , @entity2 was assessed by measuring serum @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) after access placement and at multiple times during 3 years' follow-up. Type of access was categorized as central venous catheter (CVC), arteriovenous graft (AVG), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ), and changes over time were recorded. PREDICTOR: Access type, age, sex, race, body mass index, @entity1 , @entity3 , and serum albumin level. OUTCOMES: @entity6 level, @entity5 level, and mortality. MEASUREMENTS: We used mixed-effects pattern mixture models to study the association between access type and repeated measurements of @entity2 and survival analysis to investigate the association of access type and mortality, adjusting for predictors. RESULTS: In a mixed-effects pattern mixture model, compared with AVFs, the presence of CVCs and AVGs was associated with 62% (P=0.02) and 30% (P=0.05) increases in average @entity6 levels, respectively. A Cox proportional hazards model yielded nonsignificant associations of CVC and AVG use (vs AVFs) with risk of mortality when adjusted for inflammatory marker levels. Higher @entity6 levels were associated with increased risk of CVC failure than lower @entity6 levels. LIMITATIONS: @entity6 and @entity5 measurements not performed for all hemodialysis @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: CVCs, compared with AVFs, are associated with a greater state of @entity2 in incident hemodialysis @entity0 , and the association of catheter use and mortality may be mediated by access-induced @entity2 . Our findings support recommendations for the early removal or avoidance of CVC placements.

title: Vascular Access Type, Inflammatory Markers, and Mortality in  Incident Hemodialysis @entity0 : The Choices for Healthy  Outcomes in Caring for @entity4 ( XXXX ) Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity4 after @entity0 treatment is a major clinical problem, affecting 25 to 60% of @entity1 . Development of @entity4 after @entity0 treatment, as well as other surgical procedures, involves a complex pathophysiology that involves pre-, intra- and post-operative factors. This review is a systematic analysis on methodology and evidence in research into persistent @entity3 after @entity0 treatment during the period 1995 to 2010, in order to clarify the significance and relative role of potential risk factors. Literature was identified by a search in PubMed and OVID, as well as by obtaining relevant studies from a systematic review of reference lists. Sixty papers were identified, most of these being retrospective or questionnaires. Only 2 studies included quantitative sensory testing and only 26 studies were prospective. Furthermore, about a third of the studies did not apply modern principles of surgical and adjuvant therapy. In summary, the data show inconsistencies in definition of @entity4 and treatment groups, as well as in the collection of pre- intra- and post-operative data, precluding conclusions with regard to pathophysiologic mechanisms as well as rational strategies for prevention and treatment. However, @entity2 and radiotherapy appear to be significant risk factors for @entity4 . A proposal for the design of future prospective studies is presented. PERSPECTIVE: A comprehensive and systematic approach to research in @entity4 after @entity0 treatment is necessary in order to understand the pathophysiology and thus develop strategies for prevention and treatment.

title: Persistent @entity3 after XXXX treatment: a critical review of risk factors and strategies for prevention.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Background. Metabolism in the @entity0 microenvironment can play a critical role in tumorigenesis and @entity0 aggression. Metabolic coupling may occur between @entity0 compartments; this phenomenon can be prognostically significant and may be conserved across @entity0 types. Monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) play an integral role in cellular metabolism via @entity1 transport and have been implicated in metabolic synergy in @entity0 . The transporters @entity2 and @entity3 are regulated via expression of their chaperone, @entity4 . Methods. We conducted a meta-analysis of existing publications on the relationship between @entity2 , @entity3 , and @entity4 expression and overall survival and disease-free survival in @entity0 , using hazard ratios derived via multivariate Cox regression analyses. Results. Increased @entity3 expressions in the @entity0 microenvironment, @entity0 cells, or stromal cells were all associated with decreased overall survival and decreased disease-free survival (p < 0.001 for all analyses). Increased @entity4 expression in @entity0 cells was associated with decreased overall survival and disease-free survival (p < 0.0001 for both analyses). Few studies were available on @entity2 expression; @entity2 expression was not clearly associated with overall or disease-free survival. Conclusion. @entity3 and @entity4 expression correlate with worse prognosis across many @entity0 types. These results warrant further investigation of these associations.

title: Prognostic Indications of Elevated XXXX and @entity4 across Cancer Types: A Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity8 is highly prevalent in kidney transplant recipients, and commonly results in hypercalcaemia; an association to @entity6 and @entity1 has also been observed. @entity11 has proved effective to control secondary @entity4 in both dialysed and non-dialysed @entity0 , with a low hypercalcaemia incidence. Currently available experience on @entity11 use in kidney transplant recipients is scarce. Our main aim was to show the effect of @entity11 on mineral bone metabolism in kidney transplant recipients with @entity8 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective multicentre study in kidney transplant recipients aged>18 years with a 12-month or longer post-transplantation course, stable renal function, having received @entity11 for more than 12 months, with available clinical follow-up for a 24-month period. RESULTS: A total of 69 @entity0 with a 120     92-month post-transplantation course were included. Baseline @entity5 was 2.2  0.9mg/dl y GFR-MDRD was 36  20ml/min/1.73m(2). @entity11 doses were gradually increased during the study: baseline 3.8  1.9 g/week, 12 months 5.2  2.4 g/week; 24 months 6.0  2.9 g/week (P<.001). Serum @entity3 levels showed a significant fast decline: baseline 288  152 pg/ml; 6  months 226  184 pg/ml; 12 months 207  120; 24 months 193  119 pg/ml (P<.001). Reduction from baseline @entity3 was >= 30% in 42.4% of @entity0 at 12 months y in 65.2% of @entity0 at 24 months. Alkaline phosphatase showed a significant decrease in first 6 months followed by a plateau: baseline 92  50 IU/l; 6  months 85  36 IU/l, 12 months 81  39 IU/l (P<.001). Overall, no changes were observed in serum @entity2 and @entity7 , and in urine @entity2 excretion. @entity3 decline was larger in @entity0 with higher baseline levels. @entity0 with lower baseline @entity2 levels showed significantly increased levels (mean increase was 0.5-0.6mg/dl) but still within normal range, whereas @entity0 with baseline @entity2 >10mg/dl showed gradually decreasing levels. Fifteen (21.7%) @entity0 had received prior @entity9 therapy. When shifted to @entity11 , such @entity0 required @entity11 doses significantly larger than those not having received @entity9 . @entity11 was used concomitantly to @entity10 in 11 @entity0 with significant @entity3 reductions being achieved; clinical course was similar to other @entity0 and @entity11 doses were also similar. CONCLUSIONS: @entity11 is an effective therapy for @entity8 in kidney transplant recipients. Overall, no significant changes were observed in @entity2 and @entity7 levels or urinary excretion. @entity0 having previously received @entity9 required higher @entity11 doses. When used in @entity0 receiving @entity10 , @entity11 results in a significant @entity3 fall, with @entity11 doses being similar to those used in @entity0 not receiving @entity10 .

title: Effect of XXXX on mineral bone metabolism in kidney transplant recipients with @entity8 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare nocturnal deactivation with nocturnal activation of the artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) to determine whether nocturnal deactivation reduces the risk of @entity1 and subsequent recurrent @entity2 . To the best of our knowledge, no review comparing these two approaches has been performed. METHODS: At the Mayo Clinic, all @entity0 are instructed to deactivate their AUS at night; at Baylor, all @entity0 keep their AUS activated all the time. At each institution, a group of consecutive @entity0 with comparable severe @entity2 after radical retropubic prostatectomy were selected; 61 and 46 @entity0 from the Mayo Clinic and Baylor, respectively, were available for review. All Mayo Clinic @entity0 strictly adhered to nocturnal deactivation of their AUS and all 46 @entity0 from Baylor kept their AUS activated at all times, except during voiding. Each @entity0 was reviewed for the long-term risk of subsequent reoperation, especially regarding recurrent @entity2 due to @entity1 . RESULTS: Seventeen (27.8%) of the 61 @entity0 from Mayo (mean follow-up 40 months) required a repeated operation. Of the 17 AUS failures, 6 (35%) were due to @entity1 . Of the 46 @entity0 from Baylor (mean follow-up 28 months), 16 (34.7%) required a repeated operation. Of the 16 AUS failures, 10 (62%) were due to @entity1 . Overall, the @entity0 who nocturnally deactivated their AUS had a 10% risk of @entity1 -related @entity2 compared with a 21% risk in the nocturnally activated group. CONCLUSIONS: Although not statistically significant, nocturnal deactivation appears to decrease the risk of @entity1 and recurrent @entity2 (10% versus 21%). Nocturnal deactivation should be considered in @entity0 who are dry at night and have sufficient motivation to lessen the risk of @entity1 secondary to cuff compression.

title: Does nocturnal deactivation of the artificial urinary sphincter lessen the risk of XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the intraocular pressure-lowering effect and safety of viscocanalostomy and trabeculectomy with @entity2 . METHODS: Twenty-five @entity0 with bilateral primary @entity3 were enrolled in a prospective clinical study. The eyes of each @entity0 were randomly assigned to receive viscocanalostomy in one eye and trabeculectomy with @entity2 in the other eye. The @entity0 were followed up for 12 months. At each visit, best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, and the appearance of the surgical wound, anterior chamber, and indirect ophthalmoscopy were recorded. RESULTS: The mean baseline intraocular pressure was 25.0+/-2.2 mmHg in @entity1 and 24.8+/-2.6 mmHg in trabeculectomy-treated eyes. The mean postoperative intraocular pressure was 15.3+/-1.7 mmHg, 17.1+/-1.5 mmHg, and 17.1+/-1.5 mmHg in @entity1 and 11.7+/-4.4 mmHg, 11.8+/-4.6 mmHg, and 12.6+/-4.3 mmHg in trabeculectomy-treated eyes at 3-, 6- and 12-month intervals, respectively. The mean intraocular pressure in @entity1 was significantly higher than that in trabeculectomy-treated eyes at every visit (P<0.0001). At 12 months, 16 @entity1 (64%) and 22 trabeculectomy-treated eyes (88%) achieved an intraocular pressure of less than or equal to 20 mmHg without medication; there was a significant difference between the two groups (P=0.0240). There were fewer complications in @entity1 . Complications included four cases of @entity4 (16%) and five of @entity5 (20%) in trabeculectomy-treated eyes, against intraoperative microperforation of Descemet's membrane in one of @entity1 (4%). CONCLUSION: Trabeculectomy with @entity2 may be more effective than viscocanalostomy in lowering intraocular pressure in @entity0 with primary @entity3 , while eyes undergoing viscocanalostomy experience a lower incidence of complications. Further investigation of more cases is needed.

title: A comparison of the intraocular pressure-lowering effect and safety of viscocanalostomy and trabeculectomy with @entity2 in bilateral XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Prospective study was conducted in order to investigate the relationship between cognitive and @entity2 and falls in @entity5 . Falls and fall-related @entity3 were studied in 154 ambulatory @entity0 who were admitted to a geriatric intermediate nursing facility with a @entity4 ( @entity4 ) or mixed @entity6 (MIX). The Mini-Mental State (MMS) was used for the evaluation of cognitive status, and the @entity2 Disturbance Scale (DBD) was used as a behavioral parameter. In order to evaluate problematic behavior in walking, a derivative scale (DBD-W) was developed from the DBD by choosing three items relevant to wandering. During the 3 months of observation, 61 @entity0 fell more than once; 15 of them experienced @entity3 . The mean MMS scores were higher in non fallers, fallers who did not sustain @entity3 and those complicated with @entity3 , in that order, and the difference between the non fallers and fallers with @entity3 was statistically significant. When the subjects were divided into three subgroups on the basis of the MMS scores, there was a trend toward a higher ratio of fallers or those complicated with @entity3 in the subgroup with the lower MMS score. The DBD and DBD-W scores were not associated with falls or @entity3 , although fallers had a slightly higher DBD or DBD-W score than non fallers. These findings suggest that the risk of falling or @entity3 becomes higher with the advance of @entity1 in institutionalized ambulatory @entity0 with @entity4 or MIX. The findings also suggest that @entity2 are not necessarily associated with falls or @entity3 .

title: [Relationship between @entity1 , XXXX and falls in @entity0 with @entity5 ].

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: A set of symptoms common across @entity1 has been proposed to enhance quality of care and clinical research in solid @entity1 @entity0 . Using data from several clinical studies, this study evaluated these symptoms in primary @entity3 @entity0 . METHODS: Symptom report data using the MD Anderson Symptom Instrument -Brain Tumor (MDASI-BT) from 621 @entity0 enrolled in 8 clinical studies was used. The prevalence and severity of symptoms were reported as they relate to @entity1 grade, treatment stage and KPS. RESULTS: The sample was primarily white (82.5%) males (59%) with high-grade @entity2 (75%). More than 50% of @entity0 reported at least 10 concurrent symptoms, and 40% of @entity0 reporting having at least 3 moderate-to-severe symptoms. Fatigue, drowsiness, difficulty remembering, disturbed sleep, and distress were the most severe symptoms reported by all @entity1 grades. Functional interference of symptoms with ability to work, perform activities, walk, and enjoy life was reported by more than 25% of @entity0 . CONCLUSIONS: These results support a core set of symptoms, common in other solid @entity1 @entity0 , that may impact clinical care and assessment of treatment benefit. Although only 5 of the Center for Medical Technology Policy list of proposed core symptoms met criteria for inclusion in this sample, 5 of the other proposed core symptoms were also reported in similar frequency as reported in the other @entity1 populations. This primary @entity3 population differed from other solid @entity1 @entity0 in that other symptoms, which could be disease related, were more prevalent and thus should also be collected for these @entity0 .

title: The symptom burden of primary XXXX : evidence for a core set of @entity1 - and treatment-related symptoms.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (PC-MRI) enables quantification of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow and total cerebral blood (tCBF) flow and may be of value for the etiological diagnosis of @entity3 . This investigation aimed to study CSF flow and intracerebral vascular flow in @entity0 with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and to compare the results with @entity0 with @entity7 ( @entity7 ) and with healthy elderly volunteers ( @entity6 ). METHODS: Ten @entity2 and 9 mild @entity4 @entity0 were identified in a comprehensive neurological and neuropsychological assessment. They underwent brain MRI; PC-MRI pulse sequence was performed with the following parameters: two views per segment; @entity5 angle: 25   for vascular flow and 20   for CSF flow; field-of-view (FOV): 14   14 mm  ; matrix: 256   128; slice thickness: 5 mm; with one excitation for exams on the 3 T machine, and 2 excitations for the 1.5 T machine exams. Velocity (encoding) sensitization was set to 80 cm/s for the vessels at the cervical level, 10 or 20 cm/s for the aqueduct and 5 cm/s for the cervical subarachnoid space (SAS). Dynamic flow images were analyzed with in-house processing software. The @entity0 ' results were compared with those obtained for HEVs (n = 12), and for @entity7 @entity0 (n = 13), using multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Arterial tCBF and the calculated pulsatility index were significantly greater in @entity2 @entity0 than in HEVs. In contrast, vascular parameters were lower in @entity7 @entity0 . Cervical CSF flow analysis yielded similar values for all four populations. Aqueductal CSF @entity1 volumes (in  l per cardiac cycle) were similar in HEVs (34    17) and @entity4 @entity0 (39    18). In contrast, the aqueductal CSF was hyperdynamic in @entity2 @entity0 (73    33) and even more so in @entity7 @entity0 (167    89). CONCLUSION: Our preliminary data show that @entity2 @entity0 present with high systolic arterial peak flows, which are associated with higher mean total cerebral arterial flows. @entity8 are within normal range in @entity4 and higher than normal in @entity7 . This study provides an original dynamic vision of cerebral @entity3 , consistent with the vascular theory for @entity4 , and supporting primary flow disturbances different from those observed in @entity7 .

title: Cerebrospinal fluid and blood flow in mild @entity2 and XXXX : a differential diagnosis from @entity7 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is characterized by the triad of @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity5 , and caf  -au-lait skin pigmentation. Ninety percent of @entity4 @entity0 have @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity2 . @entity3 of the jaw (ONJ) has been described as an adverse side effect of @entity7 therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate evidence of clinical and/or radiological signs of ONJ in @entity1 / @entity4 pediatric @entity0 due to @entity7 therapy and describe odontoiatric tools in this population. METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 / @entity4 @entity0 were enrolled. All @entity0 during pediatric age have been treated with @entity6 infusions. They underwent complete oral clinical examination. Ortopantomography and/or CT were evaluated in all cases. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: No @entity0 developed ONJ. None of them showed radiological signs different from jaw @entity1 . In spite of the low number of @entity0 enrolled, results confirm that, in this population, ONJ can be ruled out as a chronic adverse side effect of @entity7 therapy.

title: Odontoiatric perspectives and @entity3 of the jaw as a possible adverse effect of bisphosphonates therapy in @entity1 and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity3 is defined as the systemic inflammatory response to @entity2 . @entity7 ( @entity7 ) plays an important role in @entity1 processes by initiating the production of inflammatory mediators. The role of cytosolic PLA ( @entity8 ) has not yet been identified in inflammatory and infectious disease clinical settings. The aim of the present research was to determine whether @entity8 ) activity has a role during @entity3 . Since neutrophil activation has been documented during @entity3 , these cells were chosen as a model to evaluate the function of @entity8 ) in this clinical setting. @entity8 )was studied at 3 levels: activity, protein expression, and messenger RNA (mRNA). Neutrophils from 32 septic @entity0 with and without @entity5 were examined. @entity8 ) activity was measured using labeled @entity6 vesicles as a substrate, and total @entity7 was determined by the release of labeled @entity4 from prelabeled cells. A significant increase in @entity8 activity, protein expression, and total @entity7 activity in neutrophils was detected during @entity3 . mRNA levels, detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, were significantly higher during @entity3 , indicating that the increase in the amount of @entity8 ) is regulated on the mRNA level. The significant elevation of @entity8 ) activity and expression in neutrophils during @entity3 suggests that this enzyme plays a major role in neutrophil function in this clinical setting. (Blood. 2000;95:660-665)

title: Elevated cytosolic XXXX expression and activity in @entity0 neutrophils during @entity3 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 represents an independent risk factor for @entity1 and @entity2 , affecting both bone density and quality. A direct stimulation of bone resorption in the presence of reduced extracellular @entity3 concentrations ([ @entity5 ]) has been shown, but the effects of low [ @entity5 ] on osteoblasts have not been elucidated. We investigated the effects of a chronic reduction of extracellular [ @entity5 ], independently of osmotic stress, on @entity0 mesenchymal stromal cells ( @entity6 ) from bone marrow, the common progenitor for osteoblasts and adipocytes. @entity6 adhesion and viability were significantly inhibited by reduced [ @entity5 ], but their surface antigen profile and immuno-modulatory properties were not altered. In low [ @entity5 ], @entity6 were able to commit toward both the osteogenic and the adipogenic phenotypes, as demonstrated by differentiation markers analysis. However, the dose-dependent increase in the number of adipocytes as a function of reduced [ @entity5 ] suggested a preferential commitment toward the adipogenic phenotype at the expense of osteogenesis. The amplified inhibitory effect on the expression of osteoblastic markers exerted by adipocytes-derived conditioned media in low [ @entity5 ] further supported this observation. The analysis of cytoskeleton showed that low [ @entity5 ] were associated with disruption of tubulin organization in @entity6 -derived osteoblasts, thus suggesting a negative effect on bone quality. Finally, @entity6 -derived osteoblasts increased their expression of factors stimulating osteoclast recruitment and activity. These findings confirm that @entity4 should be carefully taken into account because of its negative effects on bone, in addition to the known neurological effects, and indicate for the first time that impaired osteogenesis may be involved.

title: Low extracellular @entity3 promotes adipogenic commitment of @entity0 mesenchymal stromal cells: a novel mechanism for chronic XXXX -induced bone loss.

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIMS: To study long-term, whole population 'real-world' clinical outcomes of ranibizumab therapy in treatment-na  ve eyes for neovascular age-related @entity3 . METHODS: Data collected prospectively from a single centre serving a defined population using an electronic medical record included: demographics, Early Treatment @entity1 Study visual acuity (ETDRS @entity5 ) at all visits, injection dates, central 1   mm retinal thickness, and @entity2 . RESULTS: 1483 eyes from 1278 @entity0 were included in this study. The median age at the time of the @entity0 's first injection was 82.5   years, 64.9% of @entity0 were female, and another ocular pathology was present in 7.3% eyes. The baseline @entity5 was 23-39, 40-54, 55-70 and >70 ETDRS letters for 17.3%, 23.1%, 42.7% and 16.9% of eyes, respectively. The median @entity5 in all baseline @entity5 groups improved after the loading phase but declined back to the baseline level by 2-5   years. The rate of @entity4 following intravitreal injection was 1 in 2124 injections. CONCLUSIONS: These long-term real-world data demonstrate that in general @entity5 increases during the loading phase but returns to near baseline levels after 2-5   years of treatment for each baseline @entity5 category. @entity0 should be identified and treated as early as possible, since presenting @entity5 predicts the @entity5 maintained after 5   years of treatment. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence guidance advising treatment only for eyes with vision below 70 letters does not promote best long-term @entity5 outcomes for @entity0 .

title: Long-term outcomes of intravitreal ranibizumab for neovascular age-related XXXX in a well defined region of the UK.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Schizotypy is a range of perceptual experiences and personality features related to risk and familial predisposition to @entity4 . Despite evidence that schizotypy is related to @entity4 vulnerability, very little is known about the expression of schizotypal traits in individuals with a @entity5 , and their relationship to clinical symptoms, cognition, and psychosocial functioning. METHODS: 59 healthy subjects and 68 @entity0 with a @entity5 (47 @entity2 spectrum disorder; 21 @entity3 with @entity4 features) completed four schizotypy scales, the Perceptual Aberration Scale, the Revised Physical and Social Anhedonia Scales, and the @entity6 Questionnaire, a brief neuropsychological assessment, and a self-report measure of quality of life. Clinical symptoms of @entity4 were quantified in @entity0 with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). RESULTS: @entity4 @entity0 scored higher than healthy subjects on all schizotypy scales. Correlations between schizotypy and PANSS scores were modest, ranging from r=.06 to r=.43, indicating that less than 20% of the variance in self-reported schizotypy overlapped with clinical symptoms. After controlling for clinical symptoms, @entity0 with @entity2 spectrum disorders reported higher levels of @entity1 and negative traits than @entity0 with @entity3 . Elevated schizotypy was associated with lower cognitive functioning and self-reported quality of life. CONCLUSIONS: Schizotypal personality traits are markedly elevated in @entity5 , especially @entity2 spectrum disorders, relatively weakly correlated with positive and negative @entity4 , and associated with greater @entity1 and lower quality of life. Assessing schizotypy in @entity0 with @entity4 may be useful for predicting functional outcome and differential diagnosis.

title: Schizotypy and clinical symptoms, cognitive function, and quality of life in individuals with a XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: In randomised trials of medical interventions, the most reliable analysis follows the intention-to-treat (ITT) principle. However, the ITT analysis requires that missing outcome data have to be imputed. Different imputation techniques may give different results and some may lead to bias. In anti- @entity1 drug trials, many data are usually missing, and the most used imputation method is last observation carried forward (LOCF). LOCF is generally considered conservative, but there are more reliable methods such as @entity2 ( @entity2 ). OBJECTIVES: To compare four different methods of handling missing data in a 60-week placebo controlled anti- @entity1 drug trial on @entity3 . METHODS: We compared an analysis of complete cases with datasets where missing body weight measurements had been replaced using three different imputation methods: LOCF, baseline carried forward (BOCF) and @entity2 . RESULTS: 561 @entity0 were randomised. Compared to placebo, there was a significantly greater weight loss with @entity3 in all analyses: 9.5 kg (SE 1.17) in the complete case analysis (N=86), 6.8 kg (SE 0.66) using LOCF (N=561), 6.4 kg (SE 0.90) using @entity2 (N=561) and 1.5 kg (SE 0.28) using BOCF (N=561). CONCLUSIONS: The different imputation methods gave very different results. Contrary to widely stated claims, LOCF did not produce a conservative (i.e., lower) efficacy estimate compared to @entity2 . Also, LOCF had a lower SE than @entity2 .

title: Comparison of results from different imputation techniques for missing data from an anti- XXXX drug trial.

answer: @entity1