abstract: There is scant knowledge on the changes in renal histological findings in type 1 @entity1 @entity0 those initially had @entity11 and @entity6 and later had complete remission of @entity12 by @entity3 ( @entity3 ). A 44-year-old Japanese type 1 @entity1 @entity0 (duration of @entity1 : 17 years) with massive @entity8 (2.9 g/day) and @entity6 ( @entity9 clearance rate (Ccr): 86 mL/min) was admitted. @entity5 @entity3 was started with intensive insulin treatment, a low protein and low salt diet, @entity10 inhibitor and a diuretic. Her levels of HbA1c decreased to less than 7% within 4 months, and her high blood pressure gradually decreased and remained around mean 116/68 mmHg. Her Ccr level gradually improved and reached 108 mL/min after 78 months. Her first renal biopsy performed before @entity3 demonstrated diffuse and/or global accumulation of periodic acid-Schiff staining-positive mesangial matrix with @entity13 /glomerulus ratio and tubulo-interstitial @entity4 . Her second renal biopsy performed 5 years after @entity3 demonstrated decreased mesangial matrix/glomerulus ratio (42.0+/-4.0% to 29.2+/-1.9% [mean+/-S.D.], p<0.001) and increased her number of glomerular capillaries lumen per glomerulus (47+/-11 to 77+/-12, p<0.006). The number of @entity2 ( @entity2 )-expressing cells in the glomerular capillary significantly increased. Increased tubulo-interstitial @entity4 and the thickness of @entity7 ( @entity7 ) seen in the first biopsy specimen had decreased in the specimen taken at the second biopsy. Our case provides evidence that glomerular morphological improvements including decreased mesangial deposit and @entity2 -related vasculogenesis in response to @entity3 goes along with functional normalization of @entity12 , which could not be attained in type 1 @entity1 @entity0 that underwent pancreas transplantation.

title: Complete remission of @entity12 in a type 1 @entity1 @entity0 with near- XXXX range @entity8 and @entity6 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: Mediterranean diet has been suggested to explain why @entity1 mortality is lower in southern than northern Europe. Dietary habits can be revealed by isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) measurement of @entity3 (  @entity6 ) and @entity5 (  @entity8 ) in biological tissues. To study if diet is associated with @entity0 plaque stability, @entity4 plaques from carotid endarterectomy on 56 @entity0 (21 Portuguese and 35 Swedish) were analysed by IRMS and histology. Plaque components affecting @entity2 risk were measured. Swedish plaques had more apoptosis, lipids and larger cores, as well as fewer proliferating cells and @entity7 than the Portuguese, conferring the Swedish a more @entity2 -prone phenotype. Portuguese plaques contained higher   @entity6 and   @entity8 than the Swedish, indicating that Portuguese plaques were more often derived from marine food. Plaque   @entity6 correlated with @entity7 and proliferating cells, and inversely with lipids, core size, apoptosis. Plaque   @entity8 correlated with @entity7 and inversely with lipids, core size and apoptosis. This is the first observational study showing that diet is reflected in plaque components associated with its vulnerability. The Portuguese plaques composition is consistent with an increased marine food intake and those plaques are more stable than those from Swedish @entity0 . Marine-derived food is associated with plaque stability.

title: Direct association between diet and the stability of @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 after treatment is an important concern in @entity1 survivors. However, knowledge of @entity8 is limited by the retrospective nature of data, which often does not contain details of treatment exposure. To facilitate individual risk counselling of @entity0 , we aimed to quantify the effect of @entity12 , @entity13 , and radiotherapy on the risk of @entity2 in @entity0 treated for @entity7 . METHODS: In 2009-10, a Life Situation Questionnaire (LSQ) was distributed to @entity0 by mail to assess late-onset effects of @entity7 treatment in @entity0 who were included in nine successive European Organisation for Research and Treatment of @entity1 (EORTC) and the Groupe d'Etude des Lymphomes de l'Adulte (GELA, now renamed LYSA) randomised trials between 1964 and 2004. We reconstructed the mean radiation doses to the heart and carotid arteries and the cumulative doses of @entity12 and @entity13 for all @entity0 . Incidence of @entity2 was reported during follow-up and updated through the LSQ. We applied Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to quantify the effect of chemotherapy and radiation on the risk of a first @entity2 event. FINDINGS: Information of primary treatment was complete for 6039 @entity0 (median age at diagnosis 30 years [IQR 23-40]; median length of follow-up 9 years [6-14]). 1919 @entity0 responded to the LSQ. 1238 first cardiovascular events were recorded in 703 @entity0 , most were @entity3 (132 [19%]), @entity5 (85 [12%]), @entity6 (110 [16%]), and @entity4 (77 [11%]). The mean heart radiation dose per 1 Gy increase (HR 1  015 [95% CI 1  006-1  024], p=0  0014) and the dose of @entity12 per 50 mg/m(2) increase in cumulative dose (1  077 [1  021-1  137], p=0  0064) were significant predictors of @entity2 . Cumulative dose of @entity10 (unadjusted model p=0  77), @entity9 (p=0  36), and mean radiation dose to the left (p=0  41) or right (p=0  70) internal carotid artery did not predict for cardiovascular events. INTERPRETATION: Quantification of the increased cardiovascular risk with specific doses of radiation and @entity11 exposure will enable a quantitative assessment of the optimum combination of systemic therapy and radiation, which will help clinicians to balance the risks and benefits of different regimens for individual @entity0 . FUNDING: Rigshospitalet Research Committee, the EORTC @entity1 Research Fund, and the Sally Snowman Survivorship Fellowship.

title: XXXX after treatment for @entity7 : an analysis of nine collaborative EORTC-LYSA trials.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Several studies have investigated polymorphisms in @entity4 and @entity0 risk with inconsistent results. We have carried out a population based case-control study of the @entity6 and @entity5 polymorphisms in @entity4 to clarify their importance in determining @entity0 susceptibility. A total of 1873 cases and 712 controls were genotyped for @entity6 and 1948 cases and 1355 controls were genotyped for @entity5 . We have also investigated a putative interaction between smoking and @entity4 genotype and @entity0 risk using a case only study design. The genotype distribution of @entity7 in controls was close to that expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). We detected no significant differences in genotype frequencies between @entity0 cases and controls (P = 0.68). Compared with the Thr/Thr homozygotes there was no significant risk for either the Thr/ @entity2 heterozygote [OR = 1.1 (95% CI 0.8-1.4)] or the @entity2 / @entity2 homozygote [OR = 0.4 (0.02-6.1)]. The genotype distribution of @entity5 in controls was also close to that expected under HWE with no significant differences between @entity0 cases and the controls (P = 0.44). No significant risk was found for either the Ile/ @entity3 heterozygote [OR = 0.8 (0.6-1.1)] or the @entity3 / @entity3 homozygote [OR = 2.7 (0.3-24)] compared with the Ile/Ile homozygotes. Furthermore, subgroup analyses revealed no effect of age or menopausal status on genotypic risks, and we found no evidence for an interaction between genotype and smoking habit or @entity1 consumption and susceptibility to @entity0 . We combined our data for the @entity5 polymorphism with those from four other published studies, but even with >5000 subjects, none of the genotype-associated risks achieved statistical significance, and there was no consistent pattern to the risks associated with increasing @entity3 allele dosage [Ile/ @entity3 OR = 0.9 (0.7-1.1), @entity3 / @entity3 OR = 2.3 (0.4-12), and @entity3 carrier OR = 1.0 (0.9-1.1)].

title: Polymorphisms in XXXX and smoking: no association with @entity0 risk.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: To quantify vitreous @entity3 concentrations in pressure-induced @entity8 and to evaluate the neuroprotective effect of @entity10 , a @entity4 ( @entity2 ) antagonist, administered before and at two time intervals after @entity1 . METHODS: @entity8 was induced in 10 @entity0 by elevating the intraocular pressure to 120 mm Hg. The concentrations of the @entity5 of vitreous samples were measured by high-pressure liquid chromatography. In another series of 56 @entity0 , @entity1 was induced in a similar fashion. Fifteen @entity0 received 20 mg/kg x day @entity10 by a subcutaneous osmotic pump starting 2 days before @entity1 , 13 @entity0 received 10 mg/kg @entity10 intraperitoneally (ip) 0.5 and 4.5 hours after reperfusion, 13 @entity0 received 10 mg/kg @entity10 ip 3.5 and 7.5 hours after reperfusion, and 15 @entity0 received the vehicle alone. @entity9 was histologically quantified 14 days after @entity1 . RESULTS: Compared with the nonischemic fellow eyes, there was an elevation (P < 0.05) in the mean vitreous concentration of @entity6 (223%+/-41%) and @entity7 (428%+/-92%). The percentage of surviving neurons in the @entity11 cell layer was 33%+/-3% in the controls, 61%+/-5% (P < 0.001) when @entity10 was infused subcutaneously before @entity1 , 52%+/-5% (P < 0.05) when @entity10 was injected ip 0.5 and 4.5 hours after @entity1 , and 48%+/-5% (P > 0.05) when injected ip 3.5 and 7.5 hours after @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 increased vitreous concentrations of @entity6 and @entity7 . Both @entity5 were agonists at the @entity2 receptor. The @entity2 receptor antagonist @entity10 reduced @entity11 cell loss when given systemically before or within 30 minutes of @entity8 .

title: XXXX is neuroprotective in a @entity0 model of pressure-induced @entity8 .

answer: @entity10


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate in situ visualization using near-infrared quantum dots (QDs) conjugated with @entity3 - @entity5 - @entity6 (ROD) peptide fluorescent probes in @entity4 (08CC). METHODS: QDs with emission wavelength of 800 nm (QD800) were conjugated with RGD peptides to produce QD800-RGD fluorescent probes. @entity0 OSCC cell line BcaCD885 was inoculated in @entity2 cheeks to establish OSCC @entity2 models. Frozen BcaCD885 @entity1 slices were immunofluorescence double stained by using QD800-RGD and @entity7 monoclonal antibody and were observed using a laser scanning confocal microscope. QD800-RGD was injected into the OSCC models through the tail veins, and the in situ visualization was analyzed at different time points. The @entity2 were sacrificed 12 h after injection to isolate @entity1 for the ex vivo analysis of probe localization in the @entity1 . RESULTS: QD800-RGD specifically targeted the integrin avb3 expressed in the endothelial cells of @entity1 angiogenic vessels in vitro and in vivo, producing clear @entity1 fluorescence images after intravenous injection. The most complete @entity1 images with maximal signal-to-noise ratios were observed 0.5 h to 6 h after injection of the probe and significantly reduced 9 h after the injection. However, the @entity1 image was still clearly visible at 12 h. CONCLUSION: Using intravenously injected QD800-RGD generates high quality OSCC images when integrin avb3, which is expressed in the endothelial cells of @entity1 angiogenic vessels, is used as the target. The technique offers great potential in the diagnosis and individual treatment of OSCC.

title: [In situ visual imaging of @entity4 in @entity2 by using near-infrared quantum dots conjugated with @entity3 - @entity5 - XXXX peptide fluorescent probes].

answer: @entity6


abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) -C in @entity0 @entity5 to elucidate its role in lymph node @entity1 and @entity2 progression. The expression of @entity9 and @entity8 genes was examined in 5 @entity4 cell lines, 12 fresh biopsy specimens and 48 archival surgical specimens of @entity0 @entity4 tissues by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry using antibodies against @entity6 (endothelial cell specific) was also carried out and microvessels were quantified by counting vessels in a 200x field in the most vascular area of the @entity2 . Of the 5 @entity0 @entity4 cell lines, 4 constitutively expressed @entity9 mRNA. In 8 (66.7%) of 12 cases, @entity9 mRNA was detected in only @entity2 tissues but not in normal mucosa by RT-PCR. There was a significant relationship between @entity9 and @entity8 mRNA expression. Out of the 48 surgical specimens of @entity4 , 19 (39.6%) and 10 (20.8%) exhibited intense @entity9 immunoreactivity in the cytoplasm of many @entity2 cells and the stromal cells, respectively. In contrast, @entity8 was mainly expressed on the lymphatic endothelial cells. Normal and @entity7 esophageal squamous epithelium exhibited no or faint cytoplasmic staining of @entity9 . @entity9 expression correlated with depth of @entity2 invasion, @entity2 stage, venous invasion, lymphatic invasion and lymph node @entity1 . Vessel count was significantly higher in the @entity9 positive @entity2 than in the negative @entity2 . These results overall suggest that @entity9 may play a role in @entity2 progression via lymphangiogenesis and angiogenesis in @entity0 @entity4 .

title: Clinicopathological significance of XXXX ( @entity3 )-C in @entity0 @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity7 has been used since ancient times as a therapeutic agent. However, until recently its use in modern medicine has been restricted to the treatment of a limited number of @entity2 . In the early 1990s, reports from China described impressive results with @entity8 in @entity0 with de novo, relapsed, and refractory @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Other investigators subsequently confirmed these results leading to approval of its use for relapsed or refractory @entity6 in the United States. Investigations of this agent have demonstrated that its efficacy in @entity6 and preclinical @entity1 models is dependent upon a number of mechanisms, including induction of apoptosis, effects on cellular differentiation, cell cycling, and @entity1 angiogenesis. Subsequent preclinical studies showed significant activity of @entity8 in @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Based on this, in a phase II trial, we have evaluated the activity of @entity8 in 14 @entity0 with relapsed @entity5 , refractory to conventional salvage therapy. With the dose and schedule used, treatment with @entity8 produced responses in three @entity0 and prolonged stable disease in a fourth @entity0 , with the longest response lasting 6 weeks. Although treatment was reasonably well tolerated, in these @entity0 with extensive prior therapy, 11 developed @entity4 , five associated with infectious complications and three developed @entity3 . The results of this small trial support further investigation of this novel drug for the treatment of @entity0 with relapsed or refractory @entity5 .

title: Clinical activity of XXXX for the treatment of @entity5 .

answer: @entity8


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a life-limiting @entity2 that presents as an elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary artery. The uncertainty of the disease has a profound effect on relationships, @entity1 , spirituality, emotions, and exercise ability and can negatively impact health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The purposes of this cross-sectional, predictive, correlational study were (a) to identify relationships among the psychological factors ( @entity6 , @entity5 , stress), physiological factor (6-Minute Walk Test), situational factor (social support), and HRQOL and (b) to test a structural equation model in which @entity6 , @entity5 , stress, social support, and 6-minute walk distance predict HRQOL in adults with @entity3 . SAMPLE AND SETTING: A convenience sample of 166 adults between the ages of 21 and 80 years were recruited from the @entity3 Association's 10th International @entity3 Conference and Scientific Sessions in Orlando, Florida, and a @entity3 clinic in southeast Louisiana. Each subject completed 2 questionnaires: the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale and the Dartmouth Cooperative Functional Assessment Charts. RESULTS: The findings indicated a relationship between @entity6 , stress, @entity5 , 6-Minute Walk Test, social support, and HRQOL. The data collected from the adult @entity3 population fit the proposed predictive model for adults with @entity3 HRQOL. However, the researcher was unable to determine the best predictor of HRQOL in adults with @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate @entity6 , @entity5 , stress, 6-minute walk distance, and social support play important roles in HRQOL among @entity0 with @entity3 . Advanced practice nursing strategies to increase HRQOL include counseling, @entity4 referrals, psychotherapy, guided imagery, leading support groups, and low-grade resistance training.

title: A predictive model of the effects of @entity6 , XXXX , stress, 6-minute-walk distance, and social support on health-related quality of life in an adult pulmonary hypertension population.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: There are few studies addressing caregivers of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 , especially @entity0 who are older adults with an increased need for care, often given by a relative. The aim of this study was to describe which factors increase caregiver burden among caregivers of elderly @entity3 outpatients. METHODS: @entity0 were older than 60   years and met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity1 , fifth edition, criteria for @entity3 . They were evaluated for current mood, cognitive and other @entity1 , functionality, medical comorbidities, quality of life, years since @entity3 diagnosis, and number of @entity1 admissions. The caregiver who spent the greatest time with each @entity0 was evaluated with the Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview. The caregivers' global health, mood symptoms, quality of life, and tasks performed for the @entity0 were also assessed. RESULTS: Thirty-six @entity3 @entity0 and their caregivers were assessed. The Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview was positively correlated with @entity0 ' @entity1 (r   =   0.508, P   =   0.002) and functional impairment (r   =   0.466, P   =   0.004). The Zarit Caregiver Burden Interview was also correlated with caregivers' own @entity5 (r   =   0.576, P   < 0.001), @entity2 (r   =   0.360, P   =   0.031), quality of life (r   =   -0.406, P   =   0.014), medical comorbidities (r   =   0.387, P   =   0.020), and number of tasks that they completed for the @entity0 (r   =   0.480, P   =   0.003). CONCLUSIONS: In this group of elderly @entity3 @entity0 , caregiver burden was more associated with symptoms frequently seen in others diseases as in @entity4 than with @entity5 , @entity3 , or @entity2 , which are often used as treatment outcomes measures goals in @entity3 . Potential treatable and modifiable factors associated with caregiver burden could be caregivers' @entity5 , @entity2 , and medical comorbidities, as well as support for caregivers in terms of services and social relationships.

title: Caregiver burden in older adults with @entity3 : relationship to functionality and XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transcriptional hotspots are defined as genomic regions bound by multiple factors. They have been identified recently as cell type specific enhancers regulating developmentally essential genes in many species such as worm, @entity2 and @entity0 . The in-depth analysis of hotspots across multiple cell types in same species still remains to be explored and can bring new biological insights. RESULTS: We therefore collected 108 transcription-related factor (TF) ChIP sequencing data sets in ten @entity1 cell types and classified the peaks in each cell type in three groups according to binding occupancy as singletons (low-occupancy), combinatorials (mid-occupancy) and hotspots (high-occupancy). The peaks in the three groups clustered largely according to the occupancy, suggesting priming of genomic loci for mid occupancy irrespective of cell type. We then characterized hotspots for diverse structural functional properties. The genes neighbouring hotspots had a small overlap with hotspot genes in other cell types and were highly enriched for cell type specific function. Hotspots were enriched for sequence motifs of key TFs in that cell type and more than 90% of hotspots were occupied by pioneering factors. Though we did not find any sequence signature in the three groups, the H3K4me1 binding profile had bimodal peaks at hotspots, distinguishing hotspots from mono-modal H3K4 @entity1 singletons. In @entity3 cells, differentially expressed genes after perturbation of activators were enriched for hotspot genes suggesting hotspots primarily act as transcriptional activator hubs. Finally, we proposed that @entity3 hotspots might be under control of @entity4 and not DNMT for silencing. CONCLUSION: Transcriptional hotspots are enriched for tissue specific enhancers near cell type specific highly expressed genes. In @entity3 cells, they are predicted to act as transcriptional activator hubs and might be under @entity4 control for silencing.

title: XXXX transcriptional hotspots are enriched for tissue specific enhancers near cell type specific highly expressed genes and are predicted to act as transcriptional activator hubs.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: This study aimed to determine whether the association between thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and body mass index (BMI) is related to leptin concentration in @entity1 individuals. METHODS: Plasma TSH and leptin assays were performed in 800 consecutive @entity0 , hospitalized for a nutritional checkup, with a BMI>= 30kg/m(2). Various anthropometric, hormonal and metabolic parameters, including age, weight, BMI, insulin, leptin and TSH, were measured or calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify any significant relationships between these parameters. Also, characteristics of the @entity0 in the lowest and highest quartiles of TSH distribution were compared. RESULTS: TSH was positively correlated with both BMI and leptin. When multiple regression analysis was performed, TSH and leptin maintained a significant association independent of BMI. @entity0 in the fourth quartile of TSH distribution displayed higher BMI and higher leptin levels in comparison to the first quartile. CONCLUSION: Our study has confirmed an increase in TSH in conjunction with BMI in @entity1 subjects. This increase was correlated with leptin independently of BMI. It is hypothesized that the increase in TSH observed in @entity1 subjects was the consequence of both fat mass accumulation and a positive energy-balance.

title: Increased TSH in XXXX : Evidence for a BMI-independent association with leptin.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 of the mesosigma is a very rare entity, with low 5-year survival rates. Treatment consists of resection of the @entity3 and, if applicable, of synchronous or metachronous metastases. Local treatment options for @entity2 should be exploited as long as possible, as response to chemotherapy is reportedly disappointing. Stereotactic radiotherapy is a fairly new locally effective treatment option which has been well established in stereotactic radiotherapy of @entity1 . Whether repeated stereotactic radiotherapy sessions for treatment of lung metastases can be safely and successfully performed over a long time period is not yet well documented. CASE REPORT: We present the case of a 71-year-old female @entity0 who had a primary diagnosis of lung metastases 12 years ago. Atypical resections of 4 lung metastases were performed in 2001 and 2002. Between 2004 and 2011, 7 sessions of stereotactic body irradiation of lung metastases were performed. All stereotactic treatment were tolerated well (no radiation @entity4 , FEV1 was 1.3 L [67.8%] in 2004 and 0.99 L [56.3%] in 2011). CONCLUSIONS: The present case could demonstrate that a repetitive treatment of lung metastases with multiple stereotactic radiotherapy sessions can lead to long-term survival with a good quality of life.

title: Long-term survival in metastasized XXXX : a case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Few studies have examined the clinical characteristics of @entity0 with lesions in the deep parietal operculum facing the sylvian fissure, the region recognized as the secondary somatosensory area (SII). Moreover, surgical approaches in this region are challenging. In this paper the authors report on a @entity0 presenting with @entity5 with a @entity1 in the left deep parietal operculum. The @entity0 was a 24-year-old @entity0 who suffered daily partial @entity6 with extremely uncomfortable @entity7 and/or occasional @entity4 on his right side. MRI revealed a @entity1 in the medial aspect of the anterior transverse parietal gyrus, surrounding the posterior insular point. Long-term video electroencephalography monitoring with scalp electrodes failed to show relevant changes to @entity6 . Resection with cortical and subcortical mapping under awake conditions was performed. A negative response to stimulation was observed at the subcentral gyrus during language and somatosensory tasks; thus, the transcortical approach (specifically, a transsubcentral gyral approach) was used through this region. Subcortical stimulation at the medial aspect of the anterior parietal gyrus and the posterior insula around the posterior insular point elicited strong @entity7 and @entity4 in his right side, similar to manifestation of his @entity6 . The @entity1 was completely removed and pathologically diagnosed as @entity8 . His @entity5 disappeared without @entity2 postoperatively. In this case study, 3 points are clinically significant. First, the clinical manifestation of this case was quite rare, although still representative of @entity5 . Second, the location of the lesion made surgical removal challenging, and the transsubcentral gyral approach was useful when intraoperative mapping was performed during awake surgery. Third, intraoperative mapping demonstrated that the @entity0 experienced @entity4 with electrical stimulation around the posterior insular point. Thus, this report demonstrated the safe and effective use of the transsubcentral gyral approach during awake surgery to resect deep parietal @entity3 , clarified electrophysiological characteristics in the SII area, and achieved successful @entity1 resection with good control of @entity5 .

title: A case of secondary XXXX with a left deep parietal opercular lesion: successful @entity1 resection using a transsubcentral gyral approach during awake surgery.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Non- @entity7 antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) are frequently used to prevent @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity4 . These @entity0 are often also on @entity2 or other antiplatelet agents. It is possible that treatment with both NOACs and @entity2 or other antiplatelet drug may be effective in decreasing @entity1 , but data are sparse regarding the efficacy and safety of using both agents for @entity1 prevention.To address these issues, data were pooled from the four recent randomized controlled trials of NOACs @entity10 , @entity8 , @entity9 and @entity11 , which included 42,411 @entity0 ; 14,148 (33.4%) were also on @entity2 or other antiplatelet drug. The number of @entity5 among @entity0 on @entity12 and @entity2 /antiplatelet was compared to the number of events in @entity0 on @entity12 alone. Bleeding rates were also compared among those on @entity12 + @entity2 /antiplatelet to @entity12 alone. These results were compared to @entity5 and @entity3 events in the @entity6 + @entity2 /antiplatelet vs. @entity6 alone. No greater risk for @entity5 was seen in @entity0 on NOACs compared to @entity0 on both NOACs and @entity2 /antiplatelet drug. In this non-randomized comparison, there was initially a signal towards higher @entity5 rates among @entity12 users also on @entity2 /antiplatelet drugs (RR 1.16; 95% CI 1.05, 1.29) compared to @entity12 alone. This likely reflected the higher CHADS2 scores of those on @entity2 /antiplatelet drugs. When the analysis was limited to studies that included @entity2 rather than other antiplatelet drugs, no difference was seen for @entity5 rates comparing dual therapy to @entity12 alone (RR 1.02; 95% CI 0.90, 1.15). Higher rates of @entity3 were seen with @entity2 /antiplatelet drug in conjunction with @entity12 . In this meta-analysis and nonrandomized comparison of @entity2 /antiplatelet users and nonusers also on anticoagulation, there was no additional benefit seen of anticoagulation and antiplatelet therapy for @entity1 4 prevention compared to anticoagulation alone. There was, however, an increased risk of @entity3 . Careful assessment of the indications for antiplatelet drugs in @entity0 with @entity4 who are also receiving oral anticoagulation is warranted, and future randomized comparisons are needed.

title: Non-VKA Oral Anticoagulants and Antiplatelet Therapy for @entity1 Prevention in XXXX with @entity4 : a Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Little is known about the functional outcome of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in Africans treated with disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). We describe our experience with 182 @entity3 @entity0 seen at a tertiary hospital in South Africa. During the median follow-up period of 3.3 years, the proportion of @entity0 with severe functional disability (American College of Rheumatology [ACR] functional classes [FCs] 3 and 4) declined significantly from 48.9% at presentation to 30.8% at last visit (P =.0006). There was a significant fall in the median Westergren erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (46-28 mm/hour, P <.00001) and @entity6 ( @entity6 ) (19-15.5 mg/L, P =.006) over this period. Logistic regression analysis showed that the factors that negatively affected functional outcome at last visit were severe functional disability at presentation (odds ratio [OR] = 4.1, P =.0004), delay in referral for specialist care > 2 years (OR = 3.1, P =.02), and ESR at last visit > 28 mm/hour (OR = 3.2, P =.002). DMARDs and oral @entity2 were prescribed in 93.1% of @entity0 at presentation and 60.4% of @entity0 at last visit. Life-table analysis showed that the survival time with @entity4 ( @entity5 ) use was significantly longer compared with the other DMARDs (P =.0002). A total of only 37 surgical procedures were performed on 21 @entity0 . This retrospective study shows that despite the late presentation and severe disease, @entity0 do improve on DMARD therapy in the medium term. The study highlights the need for prospective studies to assess the efficacy and safety of DMARDs, particularly in @entity1 , in the developing countries where biologics are unlikely to be affordable in the foreseeable future.

title: A longitudinal study of XXXX in South Africans.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND DESIGN: The prognostic significance of changes in left ventricular systolic function over time is unknown in elderly @entity0 with @entity1 . We prospectively examined the relation between 1-year changes in left ventricular systolic function by echocardiographic determination of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and subsequent 2-year mortality and morbidity in elderly @entity0 with @entity1 . @entity2 determination allows for left ventricular function to be adequately assessed even when image quality is poor, as is common in the elderly. METHODS: @entity2 was measured at baseline and 1 year in 123 @entity0 with @entity1 (age 76.0 +/- 5.4 years). An @entity2 change of 1 mm or more (corresponding to an ejection fraction change of 0.05) was considered significant. RESULTS: @entity2 decreased in 26 @entity0 (21%), increased in 46 (37%), and was unchanged in 51 (42%). During a 2-year follow-up (from the 1-year examination) mortality, total hospitalizations, and hospitalizations for @entity1 (35% of all hospitalizations) did not differ significantly between the three groups. @entity0 (n = 80) with @entity2 of 8.2 mm or less (corresponding to left ventricular ejection fraction of 0.40 or less) at the 1-year examination demonstrated a higher mortality than @entity0 with @entity2 greater than 8.2 mm (43.8 versus 23.3%; P = 0.031), and also had more hospitalizations and days in hospital due to @entity1 (1.0 +/- 1.5 versus 0.4 +/- 0.8, P = 0.020 and 10.4 +/- 15.6 versus 4.6 +/- 10.6, P = 0.033, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Left ventricular function was readily assessed in all @entity0 by determination of @entity2 . Our results indicate that single but not serial assessment of left ventricular systolic function by determination of @entity2 is of value in assessing the prognosis in elderly @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Prognostic significance of changes in left ventricular systolic function in elderly XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 is common in @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and is a major determinant of @entity2 progression. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) has been proposed to be better in detecting @entity1 as compared to casual blood pressure (CBP). This study aims to study the usefulness of ABPM in detecting masked @entity1 , evaluating the adequacy of blood pressure (BP) control and predicting @entity3 ( @entity3 ) amongst @entity0 with @entity2 . A prospective cross-sectional study of 46 @entity0 with stage 3-5 @entity2 was conducted at the Pediatric Nephrology department of a tertiary hospital in South India. All @entity0 underwent CBP, ABPM and an echocardiography. Results were categorized as normal BP; confirmed @entity1 ; masked @entity1 and @entity5 . Out of 46 @entity0 studied, 11 were undergoing dialysis. While 39.1% @entity0 had stage 3 and 4 @entity2 each, 21.7% had stage 5 @entity2 . Masked @entity1 was detected in 19.6% and 21.7% had confirmed @entity1 . Thirty-four (73.9%) @entity0 were already receiving antihypertensive medication. In these, CBP was elevated in 23.5% and @entity4 in 47%. Among @entity0 with @entity1 as defined by ABPM, @entity3 was detected in 32.2%. We found that higher the number of abnormal ABPM indices (assessed by BP Index, nocturnal dipping and BP Load) higher the likelihood of @entity3 (P = 0.046). ABPM is better in detecting @entity1 and monitoring adequacy of treatment in @entity0 with @entity2 . The high prevalence of masked @entity1 and its association with @entity3 supports early echocardiography and ambulatory BP monitoring to evaluate cardiovascular risks in this population.

title: Role of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Of 105 cases seen over 12 years with mean 4 years followup, there were 69 with @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and 36 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ). and in 43 this complicated another @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Primary @entity10 had onset a decade later than others and most severe @entity1 occurred in @entity9 . Earliest symptoms were @entity5 and @entity6 with frequent @entity11 (51%). The less than universal prevalence of elevated muscle enzymes (68%), myopathic electromyography (86%). and abnormal muscle biopsy (78%) emphasizes the need for complete evaluation in all cases. Improvement occurred in 69% overall, including all 23 given no therapy or low dose @entity3 and 59% of the remainder who received high dose @entity3 with added cytotoxics in one-quarter. Outcome was worse in older @entity0 and in those where @entity4 exceeded 4 months before diagnosis. Eight of 19 @entity2 were due to @entity8 or its therapy which also caused considerable morbidity. Malignancy in 16 cases was temporally related to @entity8 in half of these cases.

title: XXXX and other connective tissue diseases: a review of 105 cases.

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is very limited information on the association between @entity3 and serum uric acid levels or @entity1 . The aim of this study was to investigate the association of @entity3 with @entity2 and @entity1 in US adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 5632 adults aged 20years or older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2010 with determinations of serum uric acid and urine total @entity3 and dimethylarsinate (DMA). @entity2 was defined as serum uric acid higher than 7.0mg/dL for @entity0 and 6.0mg/dL for @entity0 . Gout was defined based on self-reported physician diagnosis and medication use. RESULTS: After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, comorbidities and arsenobetaine levels, the increase in the geometric means of serum uric acid associated with one interquartile range increase in total @entity3 and DMA levels was 3% (95% CI 2-5) and 3% (2-5), respectively, in @entity0 and 1% (0-3) and 2% (0-4), respectively, in @entity0 . In @entity0 , the adjusted odds ratio for @entity2 comparing the highest to lowest quartiles of total @entity3 was 1.84 (95% CI, 1.26-2.68) and for DMA it was 1.41 (95% CI, 1.01-1.96). The corresponding odds ratios in @entity0 were 1.26 (0.77, 2.07) and 1.49 (0.96, 2.31), respectively. The odds ratio for @entity1 comparing the highest to lowest tertiles was 5.46 (95% CI, 1.70-17.6) for total @entity3 and 1.98 (0.64-6.15) for DMA among @entity0 older than 40years old. Urine @entity3 was not associated with @entity1 in @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Low level @entity3 exposures may be associated with the risk of @entity2 in @entity0 and with the prevalence of @entity1 in @entity0 . Prospective research focusing on establishing the direction of the relationship among @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity1 is needed.

title: Arsenic exposure, XXXX , and @entity1 in US adults.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 expressing MyrAkt from a proximal @entity6 promoter construct develop @entity2 at an early age, whereas @entity1 expressing constitutively active @entity6 -AktE40K develop primarily @entity0 of the peripheral lymphoid organs later in life. The thymus of 6- to 8-week-old MyrAkt @entity1 is normal in size but contains fewer, larger cells than the thymus of nontransgenic control and AktE40K @entity1 . Earlier studies had shown that cell size and cell cycle are coordinately regulated. On the basis of this finding, and our observations that the oncogenic potential of @entity3 correlates with its effect on cell size, we hypothesized that mechanisms aimed at maintaining the size of the thymus dissociate cell size and cell cycle regulation by blocking MyrAkt-promoted G(1) progression and that failure of these mechanisms may promote cell proliferation resulting in an enlarged neoplastic thymus. To address this hypothesis, we examined the cell cycle distribution of freshly isolated and cultured thymocytes from transgenic and nontransgenic control @entity1 . The results showed that although neither transgene alters cell cycle distribution in situ, the MyrAkt transgene promotes G(1) progression in culture. Freshly isolated MyrAkt thymocytes express high levels of cyclins D2 and E and @entity4 but lower than normal levels of @entity7 and @entity5 . Cultured thymocytes from MyrAkt @entity1 , on the other hand, express high levels of @entity7 , suggesting that the hypothesized organ size control mechanisms may down-regulate the expression of this molecule. @entity0 cells, similar to MyrAkt thymocytes in culture, express high levels of @entity7 . These findings support the hypothesis that @entity0 induction is caused by the failure of organ size control mechanisms to down-regulate @entity7 and to block MyrAkt-promoted G(1) progression.

title: XXXX induction by an @entity6 -MyrAkt transgene is delayed by mechanisms controlling the size of the thymus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 is a universal signal in the regulation of wide aspects in biology, but few are known about the function of @entity1 in the control of early embryo development. @entity0 deficiency in soil induces early @entity5 in peanut, producing empty pods, which is a general problem; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, @entity5 was characterized to be caused by apoptosis marked with cell wall degradation. Using a method of SSH cDNA libraries associated with library lift (SSHaLL), 62 differentially expressed genes were isolated from young peanut embryos. These genes were classified to be stress responses, catabolic process, @entity2 and lipid metabolism, embryo morphogenesis, regulation, etc. The cell retardation with cell wall degradation was caused by up-regulated cell wall hydrolases and down-regulated cellular synthases genes. HsfA4a, which was characterized to be important to embryo development, was significantly down-regulated under @entity0 -deficient conditions from 15  days after pegging (DAP) to 30 DAP. Two AhCYP707A4 genes, encoding @entity3 ( @entity4 ) 8'-hydroxylases, key enzymes for @entity4 catabolism, were up-regulated by 21-fold under @entity0 -deficient conditions upstream of HsfA4a, reducing the @entity4 level in early embryos. Over-expression of AhCYP707A4 in Nicotiana benthamiana showed a phenotype of low @entity4 content with high numbers of @entity5 , small pods and less seeds, which confirms that AhCYP707A4 is a key player in regulation of @entity0 @entity5 via @entity4 -mediated apoptosis. The results elucidated the mechanism of low @entity0 -induced @entity5 and described the method for other fields of study.

title: Identification of low XXXX stress-induced embryo apoptosis response genes in Arachis hypogaea by SSH-associated library lift (SSHaLL).

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity12 ( @entity12 ) is a urologic emergency that may result in future @entity3 problems. The pathologic process of @entity12 is similar to an @entity2 reperfusion injury (IRI). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of @entity9 ( @entity10 ) on reversing the damaging consequences of @entity12 -induced IRI by examining its inhibitory effects on the expression of inflammatory and apoptosis mediators in a unilateral @entity12 @entity1 model. Eighteen male @entity1 were divided into 3 groups. Group 1 underwent a sham operation of the left testis under general anesthesia. Group 2 underwent @entity2 for 1h followed by 4h reperfusion in the presence of saline. The third group was similar to group 2, however, @entity10 (50 mg/kg) was injected i.p. 30 min after @entity2 induction. The in vivo protective effect of @entity10 was tested by measuring testicular levels of @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity11 by ELISA and mRNA expression of @entity6 , @entity13 , @entity14 , @entity8 , @entity7 and survivin by real-time PCR. Also, testicular morphological changes and damage to spermatogenesis were evaluated using H_E staining and Johnsen's scoring system, respectively. @entity10 treatment improved testicular structures in the ipsilateral testis, markedly inhibited germ cell apoptosis (GCA) and significantly decreased testicular cytokine levels. In addition, @entity10 was able to down regulate the mRNA expression of @entity6 , @entity13 and pro-apoptosis genes in favor of cell survival. For the first time we show that in vivo @entity10 treatment rescued the torsed testes from IRI-induced @entity0 , GCA and damage to spermatogenesis thus suggesting a new preventive approach to inhibiting the inflammatory and apoptotic consequences of @entity12 -induced IRI.

title: @entity9 inhibits apoptosis and protects testicular seminiferous tubules from @entity2 /reperfusion-induced XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4254 Background: @entity3 is one of the most frequent @entity1 of the gastrointestinal tract in the Middle East region. Remarkable differences in clinical and pathological features, and the outcome of the disease are observed between countries which lead to define the cases as western and eastern types of @entity3 . However, the place of the Turkish @entity0 in this spectrum is not well defined. METHODS: In this retrospective single center study we aimed to analyze the characteristics and outcomes of Turkish @entity0 with @entity1 . RESULTS: 683 @entity0 (409 males, 274 females; m/f :1.49) were included. Mean age of diagnosis was 57.4    12 years. Anatomical localization of the @entity1 were as follows; antrum 44.1%; corpus 26.9%; @entity4 12.7%; diffuse 15.7%; pylorus 0.6%. At the initial diagnosis only 2.6% of the @entity0 had stage I disease, 8% had stage II, 37. 4% had stage III, and 50.2% had stage IV disease. All the @entity0 had histologically proven @entity5 , 41% were poorly differantiated, 41.6% were moderately differantiated, 12.7% were well differantiated, and 4.7% were @entity1 . Median survival times of the @entity0 were in stage I 52 months, in stage II 42.4 months, in stage III 33.9 and in stage IV 9.8 months. CONCLUSION: . The mean age of Turkish @entity0 are younger and the incidence of @entity1 are still much more @entity1 like the other middle-east countries. But the survival rates according the stage of the disease is different from other middle-east countries with poor survival rates and worse prognosis. High incidence of advanced stages of the disease suggests that screening programs are needed especially in east Anatolian regions of @entity2 for early detection. In conclusion Turkish @entity0 do not belong either to the easten type or the western type @entity3 and show some features of both forms of the disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: XXXX in @entity2 : A single center experience of 683 cases.

answer: @entity3


abstract: CONTEXT: It has been proposed that @entity5 is a protective response to excess caloric supply, but it is cardiometabolically harmful once adipocytes become inflamed. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to assess whether elevated @entity6 ( @entity6 ), a measure of systemic @entity2 , can differentiate individuals at higher mortality risk due to excess @entity5 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity0 : We conducted an observational study of 16,486 white and 11,168 black @entity0 and @entity0 in the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in @entity3 study, a U.S. national cohort. MAIN OUTCOME: The main outcome was all-cause mortality. RESULTS: The mean age of the cohort was 64    9 yr. Over a 6-yr period, 927 whites and 669 blacks died. The absolute risk of @entity4 was highest among underweight whites and blacks (9.2 and 14%, respectively), not the @entity1 (4.7% whites; 4.0% blacks) or severely @entity1 (5.9% whites; and 4.6% blacks). Among those with elevated @entity6 (>= 3 vs. <1 mg/liter), underweight [hazard ratio (HR) 2.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-4.21] and normal-weight (HR 2.62, 95% CI 1.87-3.67) whites were at significantly higher mortality risk but not severely @entity1 whites (HR 1.55, 95% CI 0.77-2.96), resulting in a statistical interaction (P = 0.01). Similar results were also seen for blacks, although a higher mortality risk among severely @entity1 blacks with @entity7 or greater vs. less than 1 mg/liter was also demonstrated (HR 2.58, 95% CI 1.04-6.41). Among whites and black @entity0 , higher waist circumference was associated with an increased mortality risk, although this relationship was not modified by @entity6 levels (P = 0.47 for whites and P = 0.25 for blacks). CONCLUSION: Among middle-aged and older adults, the addition of @entity6 was most informative among underweight and normal-weight individuals, not the @entity1 . This negated our hypothesis that increased levels of @entity6 would differentiate individuals at higher mortality risk due to excess @entity5 .

title: @entity5 , @entity2 , and risk for XXXX in black and white @entity0 and @entity0 in the United States: the Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in @entity3 (REGARDS) study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Despite the absence of a complete physiologic-pathologic understanding, common accepted theory for development of @entity7 is @entity1 leading to failed uterine and spiral arteriolar remodeling, causing @entity3 by secreted molecules in response to decreased placental perfusion, placental @entity4 , and @entity2 . Placental @entity8 is especially ineffective in early onset @entity7 and fetal morbidity/mortality rates are higher because of further @entity5 . In this study, we aim to compare the maternal and umbilical cord blood levels of @entity4 -inducible transcription factor-1a ( @entity9 ), which is believed to regulate @entity4 -related transcriptional responses, to play role in activating genes for initial phases of placental development and @entity8 and a physiologic vasodilator molecule @entity6 (NO) in normal, early and late onset preeclamptic pregnant @entity0 . METHODS: Pregnant @entity0 who were diagnosed with @entity7 (early onset  <=34 weeks; late onset >34 weeks) and delivered in our clinic were enrolled for this prospective case-controlled study. Pregnant @entity0 without @entity7 were recruited as control group. @entity9 and NO levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood measured and compared among groups. FINDINGS: A total of 46 cases were enrolled for this study, including 25 preeclamptic (13 in the early onset group and 12 in the late onset group) and 21 normal pregnant @entity0 in the control group. @entity7 group to controls revealed higher maternal blood @entity9 levels in the control group, however higher umbilical cord NO levels in the @entity7 group (p   <   0.05 and p   <   0.001, respectively). In a second analysis, when compared to control group, both early and late onset @entity7 subgroups were found to have higher umbilical cord blood NO levels (p   <   0.001). RESULTS: In this study, we observed lower maternal blood @entity9 levels and higher umbilical cord NO levels in @entity7 group than controls. These findings suggest that umbilical cord blood NO levels in pregnant @entity0 with @entity7 increase in response to @entity4 . However, lower @entity9 levels in @entity7 group can be due to our limited number of cases and we think that there is a need for further studies with larger sample size.

title: Comparison of maternal and umbilical cord blood @entity9 and XXXX levels in early and late onset preeclamptic pregnancies.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse morphological types, location in the large bowel and demographic characteristics of @entity3 . METHODS: The retrospective descriptive study was conducted at the Department of Pathology, Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, and comprised biopsy specimens of @entity3 from @entity0 related to a two-year period from 2011 to 2012. Demographic data, types of @entity1 , anatomical location and grade of @entity2 were analysed. SPSS 20 was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: There were 160 biopsy specimens from 143 @entity0 . Of the @entity0 , 91(63.6 %) were male and 52(36.4%) were female. The mean age was 55.27+-14.2 years. Of the 160 @entity1 , 37((23.1%) were in the rectum. The most common type was the @entity4 in 88(55.0%) cases followed by @entity1 51(31.9%) and inflammatory @entity1 21(13.1%). Of the 88 @entity4 , 23(26%) showed high-grade @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: The commonest colon polyp type was @entity4 . Screening programmes, such as stool occult blood testing and colonoscopies, are recommended.

title: A retrospective study of clinico-pathological characteristics of XXXX in adults seen at a tertiary care centre.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Fermented @entity4 spoilage (FCS) characterized by rising pH and the appearance of manure- and cheese-like aromas is a challenge of significant economical impact for the pickling industry. Previous culture-based studies identified the @entity1 Pichia manshurica and Issatchenkia occidentalis, 4 Gram-positive bacteria, @entity5 , @entity5 parrafaraginis, Clostridium sp., and Propionibacterium and 1 Gram-negative genus, Pectinatus, as relevant in various stages of FCS given their ability to metabolize @entity2 . It was the objective of this study to augment the current knowledge of FCS using culture-independent methods to microbiologically characterize commercial spoilage samples. Ion Torrent data and 16S rRNA cloning library analyses of samples collected from commercial fermentation tanks confirmed the presence of L. rapi and @entity5 and revealed the presence of additional species involved in the development of FCS such as @entity5 namurensis, @entity5 acetotolerans, @entity5 panis, @entity7 peroxydans, @entity6 , and @entity7 at pH below 3.4. The culture-independent analyses also revealed the presence of species of Veillonella and Dialister in spoilage samples with pH above 4.0 and confirmed the presence of Pectinatus spp. during @entity2 degradation at the higher pH. @entity7 spp. were successfully isolated from commercial samples collected from tanks subjected to air purging by plating on @entity3 @entity1 Peptone agar. In contrast, @entity5 spp. were primarily identified in samples of FCS collected from tanks not subjected to air purging for more than 4 mo. Thus, it is speculated that @entity0 availability may be a determining factor in the initiation of spoilage and the leading microbiota.

title: Bacterial Ecology of Fermented XXXX Rising pH Spoilage as Determined by Nonculture-Based Methods.

answer: @entity4


abstract: In order to clarify the functional role of @entity6 receptors of the gracile nucleus neurons in @entity0 with @entity1 -induced @entity5 , pharmacological, electrophysiological and in situ hybridization techniques were used in @entity0 with @entity9 ( @entity9 ) of the sciatic nerve. A total of 54 wide dynamic range neurons were recorded from the gracile nucleus in the @entity0 with @entity9 . Mechanical evoked responses were significantly @entity4 following application of @entity2 receptor antagonist, CNQX, with noxious and non-noxious responses being similarly affected. AP-5, an @entity3 receptor antagonist, induced @entity4 of the pressure-evoked response only after application of the 1-microM concentration of this drug. The size of the receptive fields was significantly decreased after CNQX, but not @entity7 or AP-5, application. Afterdischarge was significantly @entity4 following the application of CNQX (1000 microM). The expression of ionotropic @entity6 receptor subunit mRNAs in the gracile nucleus was studied using the in situ hybridization technique. The signals for @entity3 subunits, NR2A, -2B and -2C, in the gracile nucleus neurons were not prominent, suggesting a low level expression of functional @entity3 receptor complex. @entity2 receptor subunits @entity8 , -R2, -R3 and -R4 mRNAs were expressed in a large number of gracile nucleus neurons. These data are consistent with the pharmacological results that @entity2 receptor antagonists @entity4 nociceptive neuronal activity, but @entity3 receptor antagonists showed limited effects. These results suggest that the ionotropic @entity6 receptors, i.e. the @entity2 and @entity3 receptors, are differentially involved in modulation of the wide dynamic range neuronal activity in the gracile nucleus following peripheral @entity1 .

title: Involvement of @entity6 receptors on hyperexcitability of wide dynamic range neurons in the gracile nucleus of the XXXX with experimental mononeuropathy.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 is the most frequently diagnosed @entity1 in @entity0 and the second highest contributor of male @entity1 mortality. The crude extract of Euphorbia formosana (CEEF) has been used for treatment of different diseases but the cytotoxic effects of CEEF on @entity0 @entity1 cells have not been reported. The purpose of the present experiments was to determine effects of CEEF on cell cycle distribution and induction of apoptosis in DU145 @entity0 @entity4 cells in vitro. Contrast-phase microscope was used for examining cell morphological changes. Flow cytometric assays were used for cell viability, cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive @entity2 species, and @entity3 production and mitochondria membrane potential (    m ). Western blotting was used for examining protein expression of cell cycle and apoptosis associated proteins. Real-time PCR was used for examining mRNA levels of @entity7 , AIF, and @entity8 . Confocal laser microscope was used to examine the translocation of AIF, @entity8 , and cytochrome in DU145 cells after CEEF exposure. CEEF-induced cell morphological changes, decreased the percentage of viable cells, and induced S phase arrest and apoptosis in DU145 cells. Furthermore, CEEF promoted RAS and @entity3 production and reduced     m levels. Real-time QPCR confirmed that CEEF promoted the mRNA expression of @entity6 , AIF and @entity8 and we found that AIF and @entity8 and @entity5 were released from mitochondria. Taken together, CEEF-induced cytotoxic effects via ROS production, induced S phase arrest and induction of apoptosis through caspase-dependent and independent and mitochondria-dependent pathways in DU245 @entity1 cells.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol, 2015.

title: Crude extract of Euphorbia formosana induces apoptosis of DU145 XXXX @entity4 cells acts through the caspase-dependent and independent signaling pathway.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cost-effectiveness of routine postoperative radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery has not been prospectively evaluated earlier. In times of rationing of medical resources, valid assessments of cost-effectiveness are important for rational allocation of resources. PURPOSE: Cost and cost-effectiveness of routine postoperative radiotherapy was calculated in a prospective randomized trial comparing sector resection plus axillary dissection with (XRT group) or without (non-XRT group) postoperative radiotherapy in @entity0 . Three hundred eighty-one @entity1 were included. After a median follow-up of five years 43 local recurrences, six of them in the XRT-group occurred (P < 0.0001). No difference in regional and distant recurrence (P = 0.23) or survival (P = 0.44) was observed. @entity1 AND METHODS: Direct medical costs as well as indirect costs in terms of production lost during the treatment period and travel expenses were estimated from data in the medical records and the national insurance registry of each @entity1 . Average costs of different treatment activities and measures were estimated for the XRT-group and the non-XRT group respectively. From these estimates differences in costs and effectiveness between the groups were calculated and marginal cost-effectiveness ratios were estimated. For the construction of QALYs each life-year was quality-adjusted by a utility value depending on which health state the @entity1 was considered to perceive. RESULTS: Taking into account the cost of primary treatment, the cost of follow-up, the cost of treatment of a local recurrence, travel expenses and indirect costs (production lost) excluding costs for treatment of regional and distant recurrence the cost per avoided local recurrence at five years was SEK 337,727 ( 44,438, Pounds 27,018). Adjustment for quality of life showed a cost for every gained QALY to be SEK approximately 1.6 million, ( 210,526, Pounds 128,000), range SEK 0.2-3.9 million ( 26,315-513,158, Pounds 16,000-312,000). CONCLUSION: The cost of routine postoperative radiotherapy after sector resection and axillary dissection in @entity0 per avoided local recurrence and gained QALY is high. The cost per gained QALY show great variation depending on utility value, which in this study was derived from external observers and not from the @entity1 themselves. These results stress the importance of identifying risk factors for local recurrence, better understanding of impact on quality of life of a local recurrence and adding cost evaluations to clinical trials in early @entity0 .

title: The cost-effectiveness of routine postoperative radiotherapy after sector resection and axillary dissection for XXXX . Results from a randomized trial.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine if voxel-based histogram analysis of intravoxel incoherent motion imaging (IVIM) parameters can differentiate various subtypes of @entity3 , including benign and malignant lesions. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A total of 44 @entity0 with @entity3 who underwent surgery and had histopathology available were included in this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, institutional review board-approved, single-institution prospective study. In addition to routine renal magnetic resonance imaging examination performed on a 1.5-T system, all @entity0 were imaged with axial diffusion-weighted imaging using 8 b values (range, 0-800 s/mm). A biexponential model was fitted to the diffusion signal data using a segmented algorithm to extract the IVIM parameters perfusion fraction (fp), tissue diffusivity (Dt), and pseudodiffusivity (Dp) for each voxel. Mean and histogram measures of heterogeneity (standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis) of IVIM parameters were correlated with pathology results of @entity1 subtype using unequal variance t tests to compare subtypes in terms of each measure. Correction for multiple comparisons was accomplished using the Tukey honestly significant difference procedure. RESULTS: A total of 44 @entity3 including 23 clear cell (ccRCC), 4 papillary ( @entity7 ), 5 chromophobe, and 5 @entity4 , as well as benign lesions, 4 @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and 3 @entity2 ( @entity2 ), were included in our analysis. Mean IVIM parameters fp and Dt differentiated 8 of 15 pairs of @entity3 . Histogram analysis of IVIM parameters differentiated 9 of 15 subtype pairs. One subtype pair (ccRCC vs @entity7 ) was differentiated by mean analysis but not by histogram analysis. However, 2 other subtype pairs ( @entity6 vs @entity5 and ccRCC vs @entity5 ) were differentiated by histogram distribution parameters exclusively. The standard deviation of Dt [  (Dt)] differentiated ccRCC (0.362    0.136 * 10 mm/s) from @entity6 (0.199    0.043 * 10 mm/s) (P = 0.002). Kurtosis of fp separated @entity5 (2.767    1.299) from @entity6 (-0.325    0.279; P = 0.001), ccRCC (0.612    1.139; P = 0.042), and @entity7 (0.308    0.730; P = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS: Intravoxel incoherent motion imaging parameters with inclusion of histogram measures of heterogeneity can help differentiate malignant from benign lesions as well as various subtypes of @entity3 .

title: Subtype Differentiation of XXXX Using Voxel-Based Histogram Analysis of Intravoxel Incoherent Motion Parameters.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Disease-modifying treatments for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) may require implementation during early stages of b-amyloid accumulation, well before @entity0 have objective @entity1 . In this study we aimed to assess the clinical value of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) by examining the cross-sectional relationship between b-amyloid load and @entity1 . Cerebral b-amyloid and @entity1 was assessed in a cohort of 112 cognitively normal subjects. Subjective cognition was evaluated using specific questions on memory and cognition and the MAC-Q. @entity0 had cerebral b-amyloid load measured with @entity5 -Florbetaben Positron Emission Tomography (PET). No associations were found between measures of subjective @entity4 and cerebral b-amyloid. However, by self-reported @entity3 was predictive of a higher global b-amyloid burden (p  =  0.002), after controlling for confounders. Regional analysis revealed significant associations of @entity3 with b-amyloid in the prefrontal region (p  =  0.004), posterior cingulate and precuneus cortices (p  =  0.004) and the lateral temporal lobes (p  =  0.001) after controlling for confounders. An in vivo biomarker for @entity2 pathology was associated with @entity1 by self-reported @entity3 on cross-sectional analysis. Whilst there has been a large body of research on @entity6 , our results indicate more research is needed to explore symptoms of @entity3 .

title: Self-reported @entity3 is related to global and regional b-amyloid: data from the XXXX 's healthy ageing project.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Delayed @entity6 (DCI) after @entity3 ( @entity3 ) can be reversible or progress to @entity2 . In @entity0 with a deterioration clinically diagnosed as DCI, we investigated whether CT perfusion (CTP) can distinguish between reversible @entity1 and @entity1 progressing to @entity2 . METHODS: From a prospectively collected series of @entity3 @entity0 , we included those with DCI, CTP on the day of clinical deterioration, and follow-up imaging. In qualitative CTP analyses (visual assessment), we calculated positive and negative predictive value ( @entity5 and NPV) with 95  % confidence intervals (95%CI) of a perfusion deficit for @entity4 on follow-up imaging. In quantitative analyses, we compared perfusion values of the least perfused brain tissue between @entity0 with and without @entity4 by using receiver-operator characteristic curves and calculated a threshold value with @entity5 and NPV for the perfusion parameter with the highest area under the curve. RESULTS: In qualitative analyses of 33 included @entity0 , 15 of 17 @entity0 (88  %) with and 6 of 16 @entity0 (38  %) without @entity4 on follow-up imaging had a perfusion deficit during clinical deterioration (p   =   0.002). Presence of a perfusion deficit had a @entity5 of 71  % (95%CI: 48-89  %) and NPV of 83  % (95%CI: 52-98  %) for @entity4 on follow-up. Quantitative analyses showed that an absolute minimal cerebral blood flow (CBF) threshold of 17.7  mL/100  g/min had a @entity5 of 63  % (95%CI: 41-81  %) and a NPV of 78  % (95%CI: 40-97  %) for @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: CTP may differ between @entity0 with DCI who develop @entity4 and those who do not. For this purpose, qualitative evaluation may perform marginally better than quantitative evaluation.

title: CT perfusion during delayed XXXX after @entity3 : distinction between reversible @entity1 and @entity1 progressing to @entity4 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A better understanding of the relationship between @entity3 molecular subtypes and radio-chemotherapy is needed for the development of individualized strategies. In this study, we aimed to assess whether non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) protein expression is associated and could predict responses to treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and proneural (PN) subtypes. @entity1 from 122 @entity0 with a @entity3 treated at the University Hospital of Poitiers between 2002-2013 by an association of radiotherapy and @entity5 were collected. Among these @entity1 , 80 were suitable for in situ analysis and were included in TissueMicroArray. The expression of @entity8 , @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity4 , @entity9 (respectively surrogate markers of @entity2 and PN subtypes) were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. The median survival of @entity0 with high and low @entity4 expression was 11.9 months (95% CI 7.7-14) and 19.1 months (95% CI 15.2-22.4) respectively (p   =   0.008). Median survival of @entity0 with high and low @entity8 levels was 20.0 months (95% CI 15.2-25.3) and 12.9 months (95% CI 9.9-19.5) respectively (p   =   0.036). High levels of @entity9 , @entity6 and @entity7 tended to be associated with better overall survival but no significant differences were found. Overall survival of class I @entity0 ( @entity4 + and @entity8 +) was longer than class II ( @entity4 + and @entity8 - or @entity4 - and @entity8 +) and class III ( @entity4 - and @entity8 -), (p   =   0.005 and 0.003 respectively). High levels of @entity4 and @entity8 are associated with a better survival and better response to radiotherapy and @entity5 and could establish prognosis classes by predicting survival and response to therapy for GBMs @entity0 .

title: Mesenchymal subtype of XXXX with high @entity8 expression is associated with better response to radiotherapy and @entity5 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Screw fixation (osteosynthesis) can be performed percutaneously by interventional radiologists. We report our experience in @entity1 @entity0 . MATERIAL/METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all cases of percutaneous osteosynthesis (PO) of the pelvic ring and proximal femur performed in our hospital. PO were performed for @entity3 palliation or for osteolytic metastases consolidation. Screws were inserted under CT- or cone-beam CT- guidance and general anaesthesia. @entity0 were followed-up with pelvic-CT and medical consultation at 1  month, then every 3  months. For @entity3 , the goal was @entity2 palliation and for osteolytic metastases, pathologic @entity3 prevention. RESULTS: Between February 2010 and August 2014, 64 @entity1 @entity0 were treated with PO. Twenty-one @entity0 had PO alone for 33 painful @entity3 (13 bone-insufficiency, 20 pathologic @entity3 ). The @entity2 was significantly improved at 1  month (VAS score   =   20/100 vs. 80/100). In addition, 43 @entity1 @entity0 were preventively consolidated using PO plus cementoplasty for 45 impending pathologic @entity3 (10 iliac crests, 35 proximal femurs). For the iliac crests, no @entity3 occurred (median-FU   =   75  days). For the proximal femurs, 2 pathological @entity3 occurred ( @entity3 rate   =   5.7  %, median-FU   =   205  days). CONCLUSION: PO is a new tool in the therapeutic arsenal of interventional radiologists for @entity2 management. KEY POINTS:     Screw fixation (osteosynthesis) can be performed percutaneously by interventional radiologists.     CT- or CBCT-guidance results in high technical success rates for screw placement.     This minimally invasive technique avoids extensive surgical exposure in @entity4 @entity0 .     Osteosynthesis provides @entity2 relief for @entity3 .     Osteosynthesis plus cementoplasty provide prophylactic consolidation of impending pathological @entity3 .

title: Percutaneous osteosynthesis in the pelvis in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity0 with @entity6 , circulating lymphocytes are activated, and histological findings indicate that cell-mediated immunity plays an important role in the pathogenetic sequence leading to @entity2 . METHODS AND RESULTS: To delineate the profile of inflammatory and chemoattractant cytokines involved in T-cell activation in @entity6 , we measured by ELISA serum levels of @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity5 in 18 @entity0 . Subsequently, we wanted to establish whether any of these molecules could be used as a marker to monitor the clinical course of the disease and to predict disease exacerbations. We found that all @entity0 with @entity6 studied during an active phase of the disease have increased serum concentration of @entity3 compared with healthy control subjects (P<0.01). Enhanced @entity3 serum levels paralleled disease activity to the extent that its serum concentrations were comparable to those of control subjects when @entity0 were studied in remission. @entity5 concentrations were also higher than normal in the serum of all @entity0 with @entity6 (P<0.01) studied during an active phase of the disease. @entity5 serum levels tended to normalize in remission, but values remained higher than those of control subjects (P<0.05). In contrast, serum concentrations of @entity4 were below the detection limit of ELISA in both healthy subjects and all @entity0 with @entity6 . A positive correlation was found between either @entity3 (rho=0.705, P<0.01) or @entity5 (rho=0.607, P<0.05) serum level and disease activity. CONCLUSIONS: The close correlation of serum @entity3 and @entity5 levels with disease activity suggests that these cytokines contribute to @entity1 in @entity6 and raises the possibility that their monitoring in serum helps clinicians find adequate treatment adjustments in individual @entity0 .

title: @entity3 and XXXX in @entity6 : a guide for therapeutic decisions?

answer: @entity5


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Type 2 @entity1 is an independent risk factor for @entity2 . @entity4 resistance occurring during midlife may increase the risk of @entity2 later in life. We hypothesised that @entity4 resistance is associated with poorer cognitive performance and that sex and @entity3 *E4 might modulate this association. METHODS: The association of @entity4 resistance and @entity3 *E4 genotype on cognitive function was evaluated in a nationwide Finnish population-based study (n   =   5,935, mean age 52.5  years, range 30-97  years). HOMA-IR was used to measure @entity4 resistance. Cognitive function was tested by word-list learning, word-list delayed-recall, categorical verbal fluency and simple and visual-choice reaction-time tests. Linear regression analysis was used to determine the association between HOMA-IR and the results of the cognitive tests. RESULTS: Higher HOMA-IR was associated with poorer verbal fluency in @entity0 (p   <   0.0001) but not in @entity0 (p   =   0.56). Higher HOMA-IR was also associated with poorer verbal fluency in @entity3 *E4 -negative individuals (p   =   0.0003), but not in @entity3 *E4 carriers (p   =   0.28). Furthermore, higher HOMA-IR was associated with a slower simple reaction time in the whole study group (p   =   0.02). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive, population-based study, including both young and middle-aged adults, to report that female sex impacts the association of HOMA-IR with verbal fluency. Our study was cross-sectional, so causal effects of HOMA-IR on cognition could not be evaluated. However, our results suggest that HOMA-IR could be an early marker for an increased risk of @entity2 in @entity0 .

title: @entity4 resistance is associated with poorer verbal fluency performance in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about long-term results of gamma knife (GK) stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as a primary or a secondary postoperative therapy for @entity4 ( @entity4 ). The authors retrospectively reviewed long-term outcomes of 13 @entity0 with CN treated with GK SRS. METHODS: Thirteen @entity0 were treated with GK SRS as a primary (6 @entity0 ) or a secondary postoperative therapy (7 @entity0 ). Follow-up clinical status and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were thoroughly analyzed. The functional status of @entity0 was assessed with the Karnofsky Performance Scale during follow-up. RESULTS: The median follow-up period for clinical status and imaging studies was 61 months (range, 6 months to 96 months). @entity1 decreased in 5 @entity0 who received GK SRS as a primary treatment. However, the @entity1 recurred in 2 @entity0 treated with a secondary GK SRS after surgery from the @entity2 bed that was not covered by the GK SRS. Parenchymal changes and secondary @entity1 were not found in follow-up MRIs of all 13 @entity0 . The Karnofsky Performance Scale score of all @entity0 , except for 1 @entity0 who suffered from an unrelated anteriorly communicating arterial @entity3 , did not change after GK SRS. CONCLUSIONS: GK SRS may be useful as a primary or a secondary postoperative therapy for the treatment of CN. However, more attention should be paid to residual or recurrent CN during treatment, and regular long-term follow-up MRI should be mandatory to validate the procedure.

title: Gamma knife radiosurgery for XXXX : primary and secondary treatment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Tropical peatland fires play a significant role in the context of global warming through emissions of substantial amounts of greenhouse gases. However, the state of knowledge on @entity0 loss from these fires is still poorly developed with few studies reporting the associated mass of peat consumed. Furthermore, spatial and temporal variations in burn depth have not been previously quantified. This study presents the first spatially explicit investigation of fire-driven tropical peat loss and its variability. An extensive airborne Light Detection and Ranging data set was used to develop a prefire peat surface modelling methodology, enabling the spatially differentiated quantification of @entity1 over the entire burned area. We observe a strong interdependence between @entity1 , fire frequency and distance to drainage canals. For the first time, we show that relative @entity1 decreases over the first four fire events and is constant thereafter. Based on our results, we revise existing peat and @entity0 loss estimates for recurrent fires in drained tropical peatlands. We suggest values for the dry mass of peat fuel consumed that are 206  t  ha(-1) for initial fires, reducing to 115  t  ha(-1) for second, 69  t  ha(-1) for third and 23  t  ha(-1) for successive fires, which are 58-7% of the current IPCC Tier 1 default value for all fires. In our study area, this results in @entity0 losses of 114, 64, 38 and 13  t  C  ha(-1) for first to fourth fires, respectively. Furthermore, we show that with increasing proximity to drainage canals both @entity1 and the probability of recurrent fires increase and present equations explaining @entity1 as a function of distance to drainage canal. This improved knowledge enables a more accurate approach to emissions accounting and will support IPCC Tier 2 reporting of fire emissions.

title: Variable XXXX losses from recurrent fires in drained tropical peatlands.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of peroral endoscopic full-thickness myotomy (fPOEM) for the treatment of sigmoid-type @entity2 . METHODS: From August 2011 to June 2014, a total of 23 sigmoid-type @entity2 @entity0 received fPOEM at our hospital. Among these @entity0 , 19 had sigmoid-type 1 @entity2 and the other four had sigmoid-type 2 @entity2 . Clinical data of general characteristics, procedure-related parameters and adverse events, symptom relief, and manometry outcomes before and during the periodic follow-up were retrospectively collected and analyzed. RESULTS: All the @entity0 successfully received fPOEM, with a mean procedure time of 67.6   min; six @entity0 received a conventional fPOEM whereas the other 17 received a modified fPOEM. During a median follow-up of 18 months, the median Eckardt score decreased obviously (pre-POEM vs. post-POEM, 7.0 vs. 1.0, P<0.05), the mean lower esophageal sphincter pressures and 4s integrated relaxation pressure decreased (pre-POEM vs. post-POEM, 34.78  4.51 vs. 11.50  2.56   mmHg and 29.52  3.67 vs. 10.61  1.54   mmHg, P<0.01), and the esophageal diameter decreased (pre-POEM vs. post-POEM, 58.2  11.6 vs. 37.5  7.3   mm, P<0.05). Overall treatment success was achieved in 95.6% of the @entity0 (22/23), and morphological improvement was observed in 95% (19/20) of the @entity0 . In 10 @entity0 (43.5%) complications were encountered, including gas-related complications, mucosal perforation, and @entity1 . There was no significant difference in terms of efficacy between conventional fPOEM and modified fPOEM, but modified fPOEM may reduce the occurrence of gas-related complications. CONCLUSION: fPOEM is feasible, safe, and effective for the treatment of sigmoid-type @entity2 . A modified fPOEM may reduce the occurrence of gas-related complications. Yet, further experiences and long-term results are warranted.

title: Peroral endoscopic full-thickness myotomy for the treatment of sigmoid-type XXXX : outcomes with a minimum follow-up of 12 months.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIM: To assess the efficacy of intravenous @entity6 pulse therapy for refractory @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: We included in our cohort eight @entity0 with (moderate/severe) steroid refractory @entity1 (4 with @entity3 and 4 with @entity2 ). They all received 6 cycles of intravenous @entity6 (800 mg) per month. RESULTS: @entity0 entered into remission after the second/third @entity6 pulse. Disease activity decreased. There were no side effects and @entity4 . All the @entity0 went into long lasting remission. All @entity2 @entity0 and 3 of 4 @entity3 @entity0 achieved complete remission. One @entity0 with @entity3 showed an impressive clinical response but did not enter into remission. For the maintenance, @entity0 with @entity2 were treated with @entity7 (15 mg/wk) and @entity0 with @entity3 were treated with @entity5 (2.5 mg/kg body weight/d). CONCLUSION: Remission was maintained in all @entity0 for 6 mo on the average. The drug was well tolerated. These findings suggest that aggressive immunosuppressive therapy may be useful in some refractory @entity0 and further controlled study should be considered in order to fully evaluate this type of treatment as a potential therapy for @entity1 .

title: Pulse @entity6 therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity5 is a common complication of @entity3 or surgery. An evaluation should be undertaken to determine whether cerebral salt wasting (CSW) or inappropriate secretion of @entity6 is present as a cause. Since the treatment principles are completely different in the two pathological states, differential diagnosis is very important. CSW is defined as the renal loss of @entity2 leading to @entity5 and decreased extracellular fluid volume. In the literature, it has been noted that mineralocorticoid administration can be useful in CSW cases. We herein present an 11-year-old @entity0 who developed hyponatremic seizures after @entity1 resection. He was diagnosed with CSW on the basis of high urinary @entity2 excretion and increased urine output, together with signs and symptoms of @entity4 . Despite intensive fluid and salt therapy, we were unable to decrease the urinary output. Therefore, @entity7 therapy was administered and his urinary output and @entity2 excretion were decreased and his serum @entity2 level was normalized. In conclusion, in addition to fluid and salt replacement, mineralocorticoid supplementation also seems to be a safe and effective treatment for CSW.

title: XXXX treatment in a @entity0 with severe cerebral salt wasting.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess antianginal efficacy and possible adverse haemodynamic effects of combination treatment with @entity3 and @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity6 . DESIGN: Double blind, randomised, placebo controlled trial of four weeks duration. SETTING: Outpatient department of two Indian hospitals. SUBJECTS: 64 male @entity0 with @entity6 , uncontrolled on @entity5 alone. INTERVENTIONS: @entity5 180 mg and @entity3 60 mg, or @entity5 180 mg and placebo daily. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Change in exercise time to 1 mm ST segment @entity1 . RESULTS: 33 @entity0 (55%) had no exercise induced @entity2 at 3 mm ST segment @entity1 at inclusion in the study (silent ischaemia). Intention to treat analysis showed that of 32 @entity0 in each treatment group, the number (%) of @entity0 responding to @entity3 compared to placebo was: for @entity4 , 28 (87.5) v 15 (46.9), p < 0.001; for exercise time to 1 mm ST segment @entity1 , 21 (65.6) v 9 (28.1), p < 0.003; for exercise time to @entity2 , 12 (37.5) v 5 (15.6), p < 0.05; and for maximum work at peak exercise, 17 (53.1) v 8 (25), p < 0.02. Compared to placebo, there was net improvement with @entity3 in mean @entity4 of 4.8/ week (95% confidence interval (CI) 7.5 to 2.1; p < 0.002); in mean exercise times at 1 mm ST segment @entity1 of 94.2 seconds (95% CI 182.8 to 5.6; p < 0.05), and at onset of @entity2 of 113.1 seconds (95% CI 181.6 to 44.6; p < 0.02); and in mean maximum work at peak exercise of 1.4 metabolic equivalents (95% CI 2.4 to 0.3; p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity6 uncontrolled with @entity5 had a clinically important improvement after combination treatment with @entity3 , without adverse haemodynamic events or increased side effects.

title: Combination treatment with @entity3 and @entity5 in stable XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Acute exercise increases @entity1 uptake in skeletal muscle by an insulin-independent mechanism. In the period after exercise insulin sensitivity to increase @entity1 uptake is enhanced. The molecular mechanisms underpinning this phenomenon are poorly understood, but appear to involve an increased cell surface abundance of @entity4 . While increased proximal insulin signaling does not seem to mediate this effect, elevated phosphorylation of @entity5 , a downstream target of both insulin ( @entity3 ) and exercise (AMPK) signaling, appears to play a role. The main purpose of this study was to determine whether AMPK activation increases skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. We found that prior AICAR stimulation of wild-type @entity0 muscle @entity2 to stimulate @entity1 uptake. However, this was not observed in @entity0 with reduced or ablated AMPK activity in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, prior AICAR stimulation enhanced insulin-stimulated phosphorylation of @entity5 at Thr(649) and Ser(711) in wild-type muscle only. These phosphorylation events were positively correlated with @entity1 uptake. Our results provide evidence to support that AMPK is sufficient to increase skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity. Moreover, @entity5 phosphorylation may facilitate the effect of prior AMPK activation to enhance @entity1 uptake in response to insulin.

title: Prior AICAR stimulation @entity2 in XXXX skeletal muscle in an AMPK-dependent manner.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 causes most @entity2 related mortality but the mechanisms governing metastatic dissemination are poorly defined. @entity1 involves egression of @entity2 cells from the @entity2 , their survival in circulation and colonization at the secondary sites. Cancer cell egression from the @entity2 is the least defined process of @entity1 as experimental @entity1 models directly seed @entity2 cells in circulation, thus bypassing this crucial step. Here, we developed a spontaneous @entity1 model that retains the egression step of @entity1 . By repeated in vivo passaging of the poorly metastatic @entity0 (3LL) cells, we generated a cell line (p-3LL) that readily metastasizes to lungs and liver from subcutaneous (s.c.) @entity2 . Interestingly, when injected intravenously, 3LL and p-3LL cells showed a similar frequency of @entity1 . This suggests enhanced egression of p-3LL cells may underlie the enhanced metastatic spread from @entity2 . Microarray analysis of 3LL and p-3LL cells as well as the @entity2 derived from these cells revealed altered expression of several genes including significant upregulation of a tight junction protein, @entity3 . Increased expression of @entity3 was confirmed in both p-3LL cells and @entity2 derived from these cells. Knockdown of @entity3 expression in p-3LL cells by si-RNA significantly reduced their motility, invasiveness in vitro and @entity1 in vivo. Conversely, transient overexpression of @entity3 in 3LL cells enhanced their motility. These results suggest an essential role for @entity3 in promoting @entity0 @entity1 .

title: A spontaneous XXXX model reveals the significance of @entity3 overexpression in @entity0 @entity1 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Verbal language deteriorates in @entity3 , contributing to dramatic disturbances in the ability to communicate. The presence of language disturbances may be detected at earlier phases of the neurodegenerative process, like @entity2 ( @entity2 ). In daily verbal interactions, @entity0 mostly use literal language, but sometimes they employ non-literal language, which requires listeners to interpret messages beyond the plain meaning of the words and can be quite demanding. In the present study, we tested the hypotheses that @entity0 with @entity2 may have deficits in non-literal language, and these deficits are more pronounced than deficits in literal language. METHODS: @entity0 were recruited in a private memory clinic and senior universities. General cognitive evaluation included a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, the Mini-Mental State Examination, and the instrumental activities of daily living scale. Literal language was assessed with the semantic decision test, Token Test, and literal text comprehension test, and non-literal language with the proverbs comprehension, idiomatic expressions and non-literal text comprehension tests. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity0 with @entity2 and 31 controls were recruited. @entity0 with @entity2 had lower scores in all complex language tests, both literal (Token Test, semantic decision and literal text) and non-literal (proverbs, idiomatic expressions, and non-literal text), than the controls; the difference in literal text score was marginally significant. As much as 69% of @entity2 @entity0 had deficits (performance below 1.5 SD of the mean) on at least one of the complex language tasks. Deficits were more frequent on the proverbs comprehension and semantic decision tests, and the deficits on these tests did not significantly differ from that on the Token Test. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with @entity2 are hindered in understanding complex language, both literal and non-literal. In daily living, these @entity1 could compromise effective verbal interactions with the others. Amelioration of these deficits should be an important intervention target as part of a comprehensive rehabilitation strategy for @entity0 with @entity2 .

title: @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: In prior work we showed that a metallogelatinase is secreted from @entity1 @entity10 cells and directly activated by exocytosed mast cell @entity12 . The current work identifies the protease as a @entity1 homologue of progelatinase B (92-kDa gelatinase, @entity11 ), determines the sites cleaved by @entity12 , and explores the regulation of gelatinase expression in @entity10 cells. To obtain a cDNA encoding the complete sequence of @entity10 @entity11 , a 2. 3-kilobase clone encoding progelatinase was isolated from a BR @entity10 library. The sequenced cDNA predicts a 704- @entity7 protein 80% identical to @entity0 progelatinase B. Regions thought to be critical for active site latency, such as the @entity5 -containing propeptide sequence, PRCGVPD, and the catalytic domain sequence, HEFGHALGLDHSS, are entirely conserved. Cleavage of progelatinase B by purified @entity1 @entity12 yielded an approximately 84-kDa product that contained two @entity6 -terminal @entity7 sequences, QTFEGDLKXH and EGDLKXHHND, which correspond to residues 89-98 and 92-101 of the cDNA predicted sequence, respectively. Thus, @entity12 cleaves the catalytic domain of @entity11 at the @entity4 88- @entity9 89 and @entity4 91- @entity2 92 bonds. Like BR cells, the C2 line of @entity1 @entity10 cells constitutively secrete progelatinase B which is activated by @entity12 . By contrast, non-chymase-producing C1 cells secrete a @entity11 (which remains in its proform) only in response to @entity8 . Whereas @entity8 stimulation of BR cells produced a approximately 15-fold increase in @entity11 mRNA expression, @entity3 down-regulated its expression by approximately 5-fold. Thus, extracellular stimuli may regulate the amount of mast cell progelatinase B expressed by mast cells. These data further support a role for mast cell @entity12 in tissue remodeling involving @entity11 -mediated degradation of matrix proteins.

title: XXXX mast cell @entity12 activates progelatinase B by cleaving the @entity4 88- @entity9 89 and @entity4 91- @entity2 92 bonds of the catalytic domain.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Executive dysfunctions are a key clinical feature of behavioural-variant @entity4 (bvFTD). @entity1 are also found in @entity2 ( @entity2 ), making the differentiation between these two diseases difficult at times, particularly in the absence of extensive cognitive assessments. To address this issue, we developed the FRONTIER Executive Screen (FES), which combines three abbreviated measures of verbal fluency, inhibitory control and working memory. METHODS: We administered the FES to 28 @entity0 with @entity3 (14 bvFTD, 14 @entity2 ) matched for disease severity and 33 age-matched and education-matched healthy controls. We also administered traditional tests of executive function to establish the concurrent validity of the FES. RESULTS: Both @entity0 groups obtained lower FES scores (total and subscores) compared to controls. Correct classification into @entity0 or control groups was reached in over 90% of study @entity0 based on the FES total score. Only two @entity0 with bvFTD obtained FES scores within 2 SDs of the control group. Receiver operating characteristic analyses on the @entity0 groups showed that a cut-off FES total score of 7/15 achieved 71% sensitivity and 73% specificity for a diagnosis of bvFTD. In addition, the FES showed high correlations with traditional measures of executive function. CONCLUSIONS: The FES is a brief (5-10   min) bedside screening measure which is simple to administer and score, and demonstrates good discriminative validity to differentiate bvFTD from @entity2 . It is a useful addendum to general cognitive screening measures and can help with the differential diagnosis of @entity3 .

title: FRONTIER Executive Screen: a brief executive battery to differentiate XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity7 [ @entity7 (GA)], a natural phytochemical, is known to have a variety of cellular functions including beneficial effects on @entity2 . However, the molecular mechanism by which GA exerts its beneficial effects is not known. Here we report that GA plays its role through the activation of @entity4 -activated protein kinase (AMPK) and by regulating mitochondrial function via the activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y coactivator1a ( @entity6 ). @entity8 ( @entity8 ) knockdown significantly blunted GA's effect on @entity6 activation and downstream genes, suggesting a critical role of the AMPK/ @entity8 / @entity6 pathway in GA's action. Moreover, diet-induced @entity1 @entity0 treated with GA showed significantly improved @entity3 and insulin homeostasis. In addition, the administration of GA protected diet-induced body @entity5 without a change in food intake. Biochemical analyses revealed a marked activation of AMPK in the liver, muscle, and interscapular brown adipose tissue of the GA-treated @entity0 . Moreover, uncoupling protein 1 together with other genes related to energy expenditure was significantly elevated in the interscapular brown adipose tissue. Taken together, these results indicate that GA plays its beneficial metabolic roles by activating the AMPK/ @entity8 / @entity6 pathway and by changing the interscapular brown adipose tissue genes related to thermogenesis. Our study points out that targeting the activation of the AMPK/ @entity8 / @entity6 pathway by GA or its derivatives might be a potential therapeutic intervention for insulin resistance in @entity2 .

title: XXXX Regulates Body Weight and @entity3 Homeostasis Through AMPK Activation.

answer: @entity7


abstract: CASE: A 73-year-old @entity0 with Dukes' C @entity4 , pT3N2bM0, stage IIIB, presented with voiding difficulties including poor stream and terminal dribbling for one   month. The @entity0 was under careful surveillance and had no postoperative recurrence. Physical examination revealed a palpable @entity3 (0.5   *   0.5   cm(2) ) at the @entity6 . He underwent urethroscopy, which showed a cauliflower lesion in the pendulous urethra. Transurethral resection was performed and histopathologic and immunochemical staining demonstrated a metastatic moderately differentiated @entity5 from the colorectal primary. OUTCOME: His voiding disorder improved significantly post-operation and he commenced second-line chemotherapy combined with regional radiotherapy. Follow-up urethrocystoscopy and abdominal computed tomography demonstrated no recurrence or @entity1 . His @entity2 marker remained within the normal range for 12   months. CONCLUSION: Urethral metastasis from primary @entity7 is extremely rare. This disease, with its various atypical presentations, presents a diagnostic challenge to the clinician. In @entity0 with recurrent or persistent lower urinary tract symptoms, further urologic workup including thorough history taking, physical examination, and imaging surveys is warranted.

title: Urethral Metastasis from XXXX : A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The major goal of this study was the identification of predictors for motor function and survival after irradiation alone for metastatic epidural @entity4 (MESCC) from @entity3 . Ten variables (age, gender, performance status, number of involved vertebrae, pre-radiotherapy ambulatory status, further bone @entity1 , visceral @entity1 , interval from @entity3 diagnosis to MESCC, time developing @entity2 before radiotherapy, fractionation regimen) were investigated for post-radiotherapy motor function, ambulatory status and survival in 27 @entity0 . On multivariate analysis, motor function was significantly associated with time developing @entity2 (P  =  0.006). On univariate analysis, post-radiotherapy ambulatory rates were associated with pre-radiotherapy ambulatory status (P  <  0.001) and performance status (P  =  0.046). Variables having a significant impact on survival in the univariate analysis were performance status (P  <  0.001), number of involved vertebrae (P  =  0.007), pre-radiotherapy ambulatory status (P  =  0.020), further bone @entity1 (P  =  0.023), visceral @entity1 (P  <  0.001), and time developing @entity2 (P  =  0.038). On multivariate analysis of survival, the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status (risk ratio [RR]  =  4.35; 95% confidence interval [CI]  =  1.04-16.67; P  =  0.044) and visceral @entity1 (RR  =  3.70; 95% CI  =  1.10-12.50; P  =  0.034) remained significant and were included in a survival score. Scoring points were obtained from 6-month survival rates divided by 10. Total scores represented the sum scores of both variables and were 3, 9 or 15 points. Six-month survival rates were 7%, 29% and 100% (P  =  0.004). Thus, three predictors for functional outcomes were identified. The newly developed survival score included three prognostic groups. @entity0 with 3 points may receive 1     8  Gy, @entity0 with 9 points 5     4  Gy and @entity0 achieving 15 points longer-course radiotherapy. In the latter two groups, upfront decompressive surgery may be considered.

title: Motor function and survival following radiotherapy alone for metastatic epidural @entity4 in XXXX @entity0 .

answer: @entity3