abstract: CONTEXT: The epidural space is a well-known, albeit uncommon, location for @entity11 , estimated to occur in less than 3% of all @entity7 . Initial presentation of the @entity0 with disease in this site (i.e. primary @entity7 ) has been considered to be "rare". When it has been reported, many studies have emphasized the occurrence of @entity2 with a poor prognosis. DESIGN: A 10-year retrospective search of our files generated 7 @entity0 who presented @entity6 , @entity4 and/or lower extremity @entity5 , and by neuroimaging studies were found to have masses causing @entity12 syndromes necessitating neurosurgical intervention. RESULTS: The 7 @entity0 included 4 males and 3 females with @entity10 . Tumor types included high-grade @entity14 , B cell type (n = 4), indolent @entity13 (n = 1), nodular sclerosing @entity8 (n = 1) and @entity15 (n = 1). @entity9 (stage 4) was subsequently identified in all 7 @entity0 . Despite this, survival varied greatly with therapy, from 3 weeks to almost 6 years, underscoring the need for correct classification of the @entity7 in order to optimize chemotherapeutic choices. The epidural space was the site of presentation of disease in 4% of all @entity7 diagnosed at our institution. CONCLUSIONS: Combining all reports in the literature, epidural presentation of @entity7 is not rare. @entity7 are distinct from both primary @entity3 and from primary @entity7 . A broad range of systemic @entity1 types can present as epidural masses. A full work-up for @entity7 classification may only be possible from the tissues received at the time of the neurosurgical decompression or biopsy procedure.

title: Hematological neoplasms with first presentation as XXXX syndromes: a 10-year retrospective series and review of the literature.

answer: @entity12


abstract: Whole-cell voltage recordings were obtained from 64 synaptically coupled excitatory layer 4 (L4) spiny neurones and L2/3 pyramidal cells in acute slices of the somatosensory cortex ('barrel' cortex) of 17- to 23-days-old @entity0 . Single action potentials (APs) in the L4 spiny neurone evoked single unitary EPSPs in the L2/3 pyramidal cell with a peak amplitude of 0.7 +/- 0.6 mV. The average latency was 2.1 +/- 0.6 ms, the rise time was 0.8 +/- 0.3 ms and the decay time constant was 12.7 +/- 3.5 ms. The percentage of failures of an AP in a L4 spiny neurone to evoke a unitary EPSP in the L2/3 pyramidal cell was 4.9 +/- 8.8 % and the coefficient of variation (c.v.) of the unitary EPSP amplitude was 0.27 +/- 0.13. Both c.v. and percentage of failures decreased with increased average EPSP amplitude. Postsynaptic @entity5 receptors (GluRs) in L2/3 pyramidal cells were of the @entity3 ( @entity1 ) receptor (NMDAR) and the non-NMDAR type. At -60 mV in the presence of extracellular @entity4 (1 mM), 29 +/- 15 % of the EPSP voltage-time integral was blocked by NMDAR antagonists. In 0 Mg2+, the NMDAR/AMPAR ratio of the EPSC was 0.50 +/- 0.29, about half the value obtained for L4 spiny neurone connections. Burst stimulation of L4 spiny neurones showed that EPSPs in L2/3 pyramidal cells depressed over a wide range of frequencies (1-100 s(-1) ). However, at higher frequencies (30 s(-1)) EPSP summation overcame @entity2 so that the summed EPSP was larger than the first EPSP amplitude in the train. The number of putative synaptic contacts established by the axonal collaterals of the L4 projection neurone with the target neurone in layer 2/3 varied between 4 and 5, with an average of 4.5 +/- 0.5 (n = 13 pairs). Synapses were established on basal dendrites of the pyramidal cell. Their mean geometric distance from the pyramidal cell soma was 67 +/- 34 microm (range, 16-196 microm). The results suggest that each connected L4 spiny neurone produces a weak but reliable EPSP in the pyramidal cell. Therefore transmission of signals to layer 2/3 is likely to have a high threshold requiring simultaneous activation of many L4 neurons, implying that L4 spiny neurone to L2/3 pyramidal cell synapses act as a gate for the lateral spread of excitation in layer 2/3.

title: Synaptic connections between layer 4 spiny neurone-layer 2/3 pyramidal cell pairs in juvenile XXXX barrel cortex: physiology and anatomy of interlaminar signalling within a cortical column.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests a nutritional transition process in @entity0 with @entity1 . Obesity, which was once an uncommon occurrence in such @entity0 , has grown in this population at the same prevalence rate as that found in the general population, bringing with it an increased risk of @entity4 . Objective The aim of the present study was to determine the nutritional status and occurrence of cardiovascular risk factors in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: A case-series cross-sectional study was conducted involving male and female adult outpatients with @entity1 . Data were collected on demographic, socioeconomic, clinical and anthropometric variables as well as the following cardiovascular risk factors: sedentary lifestyle, excess weight, @entity6 , medications in use, comorbidities, @entity5 intake and smoking habits. The significance level for all statistical tests was set to 5% (P< 0.05). RESULTS: The sample comprised 80 @entity0 with @entity1 , 56 of whom (70.0%) had @entity3 and 24 of whom (30.0%) had @entity2 . Mean age was 40.3  11 years and the female genre accounted for 66.2% of the sample. High frequencies of excess weight (48.8%) and @entity6 (52.5%) were identified based on the body mass index and waist circumference, respectively, in both groups, especially among those with @entity3 . Muscle depletion was found in 52.5% of the sample based on arm muscle circumference, with greater depletion among @entity0 with @entity2 (P=0.008). The most frequent risk factors for @entity4 were a sedentary lifestyle (83.8%), @entity6 (52.5%) and excess weight (48.8%). CONCLUSION: The results of the complete anthropometric evaluation draw one's attention to a nutritional paradox, with high frequencies of both - muscle depletion, as well as excess weight and @entity6 .

title: Excessive weight--muscle depletion paradox and cardiovascular risk factors in outpatients with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the role of echocardiography in the stepwise evaluation of @entity5 . DESIGN: A prospective observational study with an 18 month follow up. SETTING: University teaching hospital providing primary and tertiary care. SUBJECTS: 650 consecutive @entity0 with @entity5 and clinical suspicion of an @entity1 , or with @entity5 not explained by history, physical examination, or a 12 lead ECG, who underwent bidimensional Doppler transthoracic echocardiography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The causes of @entity5 were assigned using published diagnostic criteria. Echocardiography was considered diagnostic when confirming a suspected diagnosis, or when revealing occult @entity2 explaining the @entity5 . RESULTS: A systolic murmur was identified in 61 of the 650 @entity0 (9%). @entity3 was suspected in 20 of these and was confirmed by echocardiography in eight. Follow up excluded further cases of @entity3 . In @entity0 with unexplained @entity5 (n = 155), routine echocardiography showed no abnormalities that established the cause of the @entity5 . Echocardiography was normal or non-relevant in all @entity0 with a negative cardiac history and a normal ECG (n = 67). In @entity0 with a positive cardiac history or an abnormal ECG (n = 88), echocardiography showed @entity2 (left ventricular ejection fraction < or = 40%) in 24 (27%) and minor non-relevant findings in the remaining 64. @entity4 were diagnosed in 12 of the 24 @entity0 with @entity2 (50%), and in 12 of the 64 remaining @entity0 (19%) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Echocardiography was most useful for assessing the severity of the underlying @entity2 and for risk stratification in @entity0 with unexplained @entity5 but with a positive cardiac history or an abnormal ECG.

title: Role of echocardiography in the evaluation of XXXX : a prospective study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Pregnancy is a @entity1 state affecting both the coagulation and the fibrinolytic systems. Any exacerbation of the pre-disposing factors for coagulation may well lead to a @entity3 event more often in pregnant @entity0 than in the general population. Arterial @entity3 is very rare in pregnancy. @entity5 may be a risk factor for the development of @entity2 in later life. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in pregnancy, although still rare, is a major cause of maternal mortality. Risk factors, such as older age, increased weight and emergency Caesarean section, as well as acquired and genetic @entity1 , often coexist and reinforce each other. Appropriate thromboprophylaxis needs to be considered and applied on an individual basis. Uteroplacental @entity3 provides a common pathophysiological link between various poor pregnancy outcomes, including recurrent @entity6 , stillbirth, @entity7 , fetal growth restriction and @entity5 . Its significance depends on the gestational age. Acquired and genetic @entity1 may be associated with such conditions, particularly in early-onset disease. More data are required to assess the significance of such @entity1 in obstetric practice. Any treatment should be in the context of clinical trials.

title: Risk factors for XXXX in pregnancy.

answer: @entity3


abstract: We still have much to learn about BMD problems in @entity3 . Much progress has been made in the past 10 years; most clinicians and many @entity0 and their families are now aware of the problem. More research is crucial, however, the authors suggest focusing on three areas: 1. Treatment and prevention: Such studies are difficult to conduct for similar reasons to the difficulties in conducting treatment trials of therapy for @entity4 . First, the relative rarity of the condition makes it difficult to recruit subjects; second, drop-out rates are higher because of ambivalence; and third, the population is heterogeneous both in terms of symptoms and cause. 2. Better understanding of bone turnover in @entity4 . More studies are needed to examine turnover of bone in @entity0 with @entity4 using biochemical markers. In particular, prospective studies are needed to examine the effects of refeeding, @entity2 , and treatments such as @entity1 supplementation. 3. Long-term course of bone density. It would be particularly instructive to examine this in individuals with a short or long history of @entity4 . It would also be useful to study @entity0 approaching menopause who had an episode of @entity4 in their teens or early twenties compared with @entity0 who were of normal weight during this period.

title: Osteoporosis in young XXXX . Research and treatment in @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peanut and tree @entity5 @entity3 are common, increasing in prevalence and the commonest food cause of @entity4 . In the USA, 7.8% are sensitized (have @entity5 -specific IgE), but not all those sensitized are @entity1 . Lack of data makes interpretation of tests for @entity5 -specific IgE difficult. OBJECTIVES: This is the first study to investigate the clinical significance of test results for peanut and tree @entity5 @entity3 in @entity1 or tolerant @entity0 . Findings are related to the severity of the @entity3 . METHOD: An observational study of 1000 @entity0 and adults @entity1 to at least one @entity5 . History of reactions (severity graded) or tolerance to up to five nuts was obtained and skin prick test (SPT)/serum-specific IgE ( @entity6 ) performed. RESULTS: There was no correlation between SPT size and graded severity of worst reaction for all nuts combined or for peanut, hazelnut, almond and walnut. For @entity6 , there was no correlation for all nuts. Where @entity0 tolerated a @entity5 , 43% had positive SPT of 3-7 mm and 3% > or = 8 mm. For @entity6 , 35% were positive (0.35-14.99 kU/L) and 5% > or = 15 kU/L. In SPT range 3-7 mm, 54% were @entity1 and 46% were tolerant. There was poor concordance between SPT and @entity6 (66%). Of @entity0 with a clear @entity5 - @entity1 history, only 0.5% had negative SPT, but 22% negative @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: Magnitude of SPT or @entity6 does not predict clinical severity, with no difference between minor @entity2 and @entity4 . SPT is more reliable than @entity6 in confirming @entity3 . Forty-six per cent of those tolerant to a @entity5 have positive tests > or = 3 mm (sensitized but not @entity1 ). One cannot predict clinical reactivity from results in a wide 'grey area' of SPT 3-7 mm; 22% of negative CAPs are falsely reassuring and 40% of positive CAPs are misleading. This emphasizes the importance of the history. Understanding this is essential for accurate diagnosis. @entity0 with SPT > or = 8 mm and @entity6 > or = 15 kU/L were rarely tolerant so these levels are almost always (in > or = 95%) diagnostic.

title: Interpretation of tests for @entity5 @entity3 in one thousand @entity0 , in relation to XXXX or tolerance.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Zero-valent @entity0 (ZVI) as a permeable barrier material for degradation of chlorinated organic compounds has been extensively studied recently. One of the focal areas in ZVI studies is to increase the contaminant reduction rate. In this research, batch tests were performed to evaluate the synergistic effect of sorbed cationic surfactants on degradation of @entity2 ( @entity6 ). Sorption of cationic surfactants on ZVI was a function of hydrophobic chain length of the surfactanttail group. Minimal counterion sorption indicated that the sorbed surfactant molecules form a patchy monolayer on ZVI. Both @entity6 and @entity4 ( @entity5 ) degradation by ZVI with and without sorbed surfactant followed pseudo-first-order reaction kinetics. In general, the @entity6 degradation rate increases as the chain length of sorbed surfactant increases. Compared to unmodified ZVI, both apparent rate constants of @entity6 degradation and @entity5 accumulation increased by an order of magnitude when ZVI was modified by @entity7 . The rate of @entity6 degradation by ZVI modified to lower surfactant loading was relatively higher than that by ZVI modified to higher surfactant loading. It was speculated that longer chain length will result in better admicelle formations, and thus, promote @entity6 partition and increase @entity6 surface concentration or surface admicelle catalysis, while low surfactant loading makes significant amounts of surface reduction sites still available. The @entity6 reduction rate constants were not affected by solution ionic strength, but high initial solution pH, buffered by @entity1 and @entity3 , significantly reduced the @entity6 degradation rate.

title: Synergistic effect of cationic surfactants on XXXX degradation by zero-valent @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 tropomyosin isoform 5 ( @entity3 ) is a cytoskeletal protein expressed in normal epithelial cells, predominantly in the colon. An autoimmune response toward @entity3 has been reported in @entity1 ( @entity1 ). Whether @entity3 expression in the ileum is involved in @entity2 is unknown. We assessed @entity3 expression on ileal epithelial cells at surgery and subsequently on development of @entity2 in @entity1 . METHODS: In a prospective longitudinal study, 28 @entity1 @entity0 undergoing ileal pouch procedures were included. Biopsy samples were taken from the rectum at surgery, as well as from the ileal pouch at surgery and at 6 months. The specimens were stained by immunoperoxidase using the anti- @entity3 monoclonal antibody CG3. @entity2 was assessed by the @entity2 Activity Index and @entity3 expression on a scale of 0-3. RESULTS: At surgery, in rectal samples, @entity3 expression was strong in all epithelial cells including the luminal surface, whereas in ileal samples @entity3 was not expressed or focally expressed only in the goblet cells. At 6 months, the ileum was found to have undergone morphological changes, becoming similar to the colon and showing shortening or reduced number of villi. These changes were associated with a diffuse @entity3 staining in the goblet cells and in the nongoblet epithelial cells lining the crypts and the lumen. The @entity3 score was related to the @entity2 Activity Index at 6 months (r = 0.82; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Expression of @entity3 shows a different pattern in the ileal pouch in @entity1 after surgery. This event is associated with morphological changes of the ileum toward colonic epithelium, related to the development of @entity2 .

title: Tropomyosin expression in the ileal pouch: a relationship with the development of XXXX in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: A low-fat, high- @entity5 diet (</=30% of total energy intake as fat) in conjunction with moderate intensity physical activity is widely recommended for weight maintenance and reduction. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of adding daily exercise to a short-term high- @entity5 diet on fasting and postprandial @entity4 levels. SUBJECTS: Eight healthy, postmenopausal @entity0 aged 60+/-4 y (mean+/-s.d.) (body mass index, BMI: 26.4+/-2.3 kg m(-2); predicted maximal @entity1 uptake: 29+/-2 ml kg(-1) min(-1)). DESIGN: Plasma responses were studied after subjects consumed the same high-fat, mixed meal on three occasions: after 3 days on a low- @entity5 diet (35, 50 and 15% energy from @entity5 , fat and protein, respectively) (Low- @entity3 ); after 3 days on an isoenergetic high- @entity5 diet (corresponding values 70, 15 and 15%) (High- @entity3 ); and after 3 days on the same high- @entity5 diet with 60 min of brisk walking daily (High- @entity3 -Ex). MEASUREMENTS: Fasting and postprandial plasma or serum concentrations of @entity4 , @entity2 and insulin. RESULTS: Fasting @entity4 was significantly higher (P<0.05) after the High- @entity3 (18.4+/-2.6 ng ml(-1)) (mean+/-s.e.m.) than after both the Low- @entity3 and the High- @entity3 -Ex interventions, which did not differ significantly from each other (16.9+/-2.1 and 15.5+/-2.0 ng ml(-1), respectively; P=0.08). Overall (fasted and postprandial states), plasma @entity4 concentrations were significantly higher after the High- @entity3 than after the High- @entity3 -Ex intervention. There was a strong, positive, linear relation between postprandial insulin responses and postprandial @entity4 concentrations at 6 h. In addition, there was a strong, negative, linear relation between whole-body insulin sensitivity (based on postprandial responses of @entity2 and insulin) and postprandial @entity4 concentrations at 6 h. CONCLUSION: Daily moderate intensity exercise, without concomitant changes in body fat mass, suppressed fasting and postprandial circulating @entity4 concentrations after consumption of a short-term high- @entity5 diet. As shown in previous studies, insulin appears to be an important modulator of leptinaemia.

title: Plasma XXXX is influenced by diet composition and exercise.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Bone marrow transplantation in @entity0 @entity2 ( @entity2 ) without pretransplant conditioning results in engraftment of donor T cells and reconstitution of T-cell function but engraftment of few, if any, donor B cells and poor reconstitution of humoral immune function. Since bone marrow transplantation remains the most effective treatment of @entity2 @entity0 , better strategies are necessary to achieve optimum long-term results. @entity1 @entity2 , like @entity0 @entity2 , is due to mutations in the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) gene and has clinical and immunologic features identical to those of @entity0 @entity2 , making it a true homolog of the @entity0 disease. We have successfully performed bone marrow transplantation in three @entity2 @entity1 without pretransplant conditioning, using untreated bone marrow cells from mixed lymphocyte culture-nonreactive normal littermates. Unlike the experience in @entity0 @entity2 @entity0 , all three @entity1 engrafted both donor B and T cells and attained full reconstitution of immunologic function. Normal percentages of T cells and T-cell mitogenic responses were attained by 3 months posttransplant. CD3+ T cells after transplantation expressed the @entity3 RA isoform indicating that the cells were recent thymic emigrants derived from immature progenitors. Serum IgG levels were within normal range by 5 months posttransplant. Immunization with the T-dependent antigen, bacteriophage phiX174, demonstrated normal antibody titers, immunologic memory, and class-switching. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the @entity5 locus showed that 100% of circulating T cells and 30% to 50% of circulating B cells were donor-derived. None of the @entity1 developed clinically evident @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Thus, @entity1 @entity2 provides a model to determine the optimal conditions for bone marrow transplantation in @entity0 @entity0 , and to develop and test strategies for somatic gene therapy.

title: Full immunologic reconstitution following nonconditioned bone marrow transplantation for XXXX @entity2 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 represent a group of disorders closely related to alterations of @entity2 and @entity4 . The alterations of these lipids are considered important risk factors in @entity3 and indicate the need for clinically effective and safe drugs. Hypolipidemic agent therapy, however, does not appear without risk since the administration of these agents is by necessity, on a long-term basis. In the conduct of animal safety studies with some hypolipidemics, hyperplastic nodules or @entity1 developed in the liver of rodents. Data from the literature seem to indicate that the @entity1 response in rodents varies with the type of hypolipidemic drug administered. This paper summarizes the studies with the new lipid-regulating agent @entity6 . Aside from conventional long-term studies in rodents, the ultrastructural aspects of the liver were analyzed in several species and genotoxicity assays and short-term tests for hepatocarcinogenicity were conducted. Thus, it was possible to obtain an overview of these biological phenomena in order to allow for safety extrapolations. The biological behavior of these liver nodules showed that @entity6 and @entity7 -induced hepatocytes had not undergone malignant transformation. Further, the phenomenon of peroxisome proliferation, a characteristic event that follows hypolipidemic administration in rodents, was not confirmed in primate or @entity0 liver. Peroxisome proliferation has been linked to the process of hepatocarcinogenesis in rodents, although genotoxicity assays were negative and initiation/promotion tests failed to elicit @entity1 or nodules in a system where hepatocarcinogens manifest their activity. Thus, hypolipidemics such as @entity6 or @entity7 may possess low tumorigenic potential with low risk due to the lack of correlation between these tests. Nevertheless, these agents are indicated for specific lipoprotein phenotype alteration with the resulting clinical benefits.

title: Hypolipidemics Carcinogenicity and Extrapolation of Experimental Results for XXXX Safety Assessments.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Although a wide variety of medical treatments for @entity1 have been proposed, therapy has largely been emperic based on the mechanisms commonly believed to lead to neurocardiogenic fainting. To determine the utility and efficacy of drug therapy and an orthostatic self-training program in the prevention of tilt-induced @entity1 , we investigated 43 consecutive @entity0 who had shown @entity2 and were induced by head-up tilt test reproducibly, with either traditional medical treatments or orthostatic self-training at home. The initial 19 of 43 @entity0 were treated with either oral @entity3 or @entity4 therapies. The remaining 24 @entity0 were treated with an orthostatic self-training program alone. Effects of these therapies on head-up tilt test were reevaluated in all @entity0 . @entity3 prevented @entity2 in only six (32%) and @entity4 in five (26%) of the 19 @entity0 . There was no significant difference in the effectiveness between them. @entity2 was prevented in nine (47%) @entity0 with either @entity3 or @entity4 therapy alone, while in the remaining 10 @entity0 it was not. On the other hand, orthostatic self-training program prevented @entity2 in 22 (92%) of 24 @entity0 . We concluded that orthostatic self-training program is far more effective than traditional drug therapies. Orthostatic self-training is an effective, safe and well accepted therapy in the prevention of tilt-induced @entity1 .

title: Effects of orthostatic self-training on head-up tilt testing for the prevention of tilt-induced XXXX : comparison of pharmacological therapy.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The effect of @entity6 on muscle is considered to be uncommon and benign. We analyzed the files of all our @entity0 given @entity6 over a 5-year period and determined the incidence and gravity of its effect on muscles. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty treatments with @entity6 were studied. @entity2 and elevated @entity5 observed at the pretherapeutic consultation and each month or 2 months thereafter were recorded. RESULTS: Muscle symptoms were noted in 60 p. 100 of the cases: @entity2 in 51 p. 100 and elevated @entity5 in 41 p. 100. In this group, male sex (H/F = 2.6) and sports activities (70 p. 100) were found more often. In 5 @entity0 , @entity5 level was 5 times the normal, defining @entity4 . One @entity0 interrupted treatment because of persistently high @entity5 levels. DISCUSSION: @entity2 and elevated @entity5 signal skeletal muscle involvement. These signs were more frequent in our series than in reports in the literature, probably because we systematically looked for them. Besides use of @entity6 , one case of @entity3 and sports activities, no other explanatory cause could be found. @entity6 could have a potentializing effect on other myotoxicity inducers (drugs, @entity1 ...). The benign nature of the muscle effect appears to be validated although there were some @entity0 who had persistent and/or severe signs.

title: [Muscular damage during XXXX treatment].

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this methodological study was to cross-culturally translate the Shoulder Activity Scale ( @entity3 ) into the Persian and determine its clinimetric properties including reliability, validity, and responsiveness in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHOD: Persian version of the @entity3 was obtained after standard forward-backward translation. Three questionnaires were completed by the respondents: @entity3 , shoulder @entity2 and disability index (SPADI), and Short-Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36). The @entity0 completed the @entity3 , 1 week after the first visit to evaluate the test-retest reliability. Construct validity was evaluated by examining the associations between the scores on the @entity3 and the scores obtained from the SPADI, SF-36, and age of the @entity0 . To assess responsiveness, data were collected in the first visit and then again after 4 weeks physiotherapy intervention. Test-retest reliability and internal consistency were assessed using Intra-class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. To evaluate construct validity, Spearman's rank correlation was used. The ability of the @entity3 to detect changes was evaluated by the receiver-operating characteristics method. RESULTS: No problem or language difficulties were reported during translation process. Test-retest reliability of the @entity3 was excellent with an ICC of 0.98. Also, the marginal Cronbach's alpha level of 0.64 was obtained. The correlation between the @entity3 and the SPADI was low, proving divergent validity, whereas the correlations between the @entity3 and the SF-36/age were moderate proving convergent validity. A marginally acceptable responsiveness was achieved for the Persian @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The study provides some evidences to support the test-retest reliability, internal consistency, construct validity, and responsiveness of the Persian version of the @entity3 in @entity0 with @entity1 . Therefore, it seems that this instrument is a useful measure of shoulder activity level in research setting and clinical practice. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION: The @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a reliable, valid, and responsive measure of shoulder activity level in Persian-speaking @entity0 with different @entity1 . The results on clinimetric properties of the Persian @entity3 are comparable with its original, English version. Persian version of the @entity3 can be used in "clinical" and "research" settings of @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the Persian version of Shoulder Activity Scale in a group of @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate @entity1 incidence in a homogeneously-treated group of @entity0 after @entity2 ( @entity2 ) followed by autologous bone marrow transplantation or peripheral blood stem cell transplantation. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1982 and 1994, a total of 260 @entity0 received either autologous bone marrow or blood stem cell transplantation for @entity3 at the University of Heidelberg. Two hundred nine of these @entity0 received @entity2 in our hospital. Radiotherapy was applied as hyperfractionated @entity2 , with a median dose of 14.4 Gy in 12 fractions over 4 days. Minimum time between fractions was 4 h. Photons with an energy of 23 MeV were used with a dose rate of 7-18 cGy/min. Ninety-six of the 209 irradiated @entity0 were still alive in 1996; 86 of these @entity0 (52 @entity0 , 33 @entity0 ) answered a questionnaire and could be examined ophthalmologically. The median age at time of @entity2 was 38.5 years, with a range of 15-59 years. RESULTS: The median follow-up is now 5.8 years, with a range of 1.7-13 years. @entity1 occurred in 28/85 @entity0 (32.9%) after a median of 47 months (1-104 months). In 6 of 28 @entity0 who developed a @entity1 , surgery of the @entity1 was performed. Whole-brain irradiation prior to @entity2 had been performed more often in the group of @entity0 developing @entity1 (14.3%) versus 10.7% in the group of @entity0 without @entity1 . However, there was no statistical difference (Chi-square, p>0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity1 is a common side effect of @entity2 . @entity1 incidence found in our @entity0 is comparable to results of other centers using a fractionated regimen for @entity2 . To assess the incidence of @entity1 after @entity2 , a long-term follow-up is required.

title: @entity1 incidence after XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Enhanced respiration during ripening in climacteric fruits is sometimes associated with an uncoupling between the @entity0 synthesis and the mitochondrial electron transport chain. While the participation of two energy-dissipating systems, one of which is mediated by the alternative oxidase (AOX) and the other mediated by the uncoupling protein (UCP), has been linked to fruit ripening, the relation between the activation of both mitochondrial uncoupling systems with the transient increase of @entity1 synthesis ( @entity1 peak) remains unclear. To elucidate this question, @entity1 emission and the two uncoupling (AOX and UCP) pathways were monitored in harvested @entity2 fruit during the ripening, from green to fully yellow skin. The results confirmed the typical climacteric behavior for @entity2 fruit: an initial increase in endogenous @entity1 emission which reaches a maximum (peak) in the intermediate ripening stage, before finally declining to a basal level in ripe fruit. Respiration of intact fruit also increased and achieved higher levels at the end of ripening. On the other hand, in purified mitochondria extracted from fruit pulp the total respiration and respiratory control decrease while an increase in the participation of AOX and UCP pathways was markedly evident during @entity2 ripening. There was an increase in the AOX capacity during the transition from green fruit to the intermediate stage that accompanied the transient @entity1 peak, while the @entity3 consumption triggered by UCP activation increased by 80% from the beginning to end stage of fruit ripening. Expression analyses of AOX (AOX1 and 2) and UCP (UCP1-5) genes revealed that the increases in the AOX and UCP capacities were linked to a higher expression of AOX1 and UCP (mainly UCP1) genes, respectively. In silico promoter analyses of both genes showed the presence of @entity1 -responsive cis-elements in UCP1 and UCP2 genes. Overall, the data suggest a differential activation of AOX and UCP pathways in regulation related to the @entity1 peak and induction of specific genes such as AOX1 and UCP1.

title: Involvement of AOX and UCP pathways in the post-harvest ripening of XXXX fruits.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity2 of uncertain malignant potential (TT-UMP) constitute a relatively new diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between immunohistochemical panels, prognostic parameters and TT-UMP. METHODS: Group I was composed of @entity0 diagnosed as @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and Group II of @entity0 diagnosed as TT-UMP. The prognostic scores of @entity0 were calculated using data according to the well-known prognostic scoring systems MACIS, AMES, AGES. Evaluations of antibodies were based on the presence of nuclear staining for @entity5 and @entity4 , membranous and cytoplasmic staining for @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and cytoplasmic staining for fragile @entity6 triad ( @entity7 ). RESULTS: Statistically significant difference was noted (p< 0.05) between Group I and Group II according to MACIS and AMES. No statistical difference was found in terms of immunostaining between groups when stained with @entity5 , @entity4 and @entity7 . On the other hand, in Group II a moderate positive correlation was detected between MACIS and @entity3 . CONCLUSION: According to our findings @entity4 was not important in @entity1 genesis at early stages in well-differentiated @entity2 and @entity5 loss of expression could be used as a finding to help in difficult microscopic diagnosis. TT-UMP is a gray zone of lesions requiring specific therapeutic procedures and postoperative follow-up. A positive correlation was detected between @entity3 and TT-UMP, leading to assume that this situation could be used as a new tool in the follow-up of these @entity0 in the future.

title: Expression of @entity7 , @entity5 , @entity4 and XXXX as prognostic markers in @entity2 of uncertain malignant potential.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is the most common complaint of @entity0 on the first day after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of local anesthesia with @entity7 and intravenous @entity9 on postoperative @entity6 relief up to 24 h after surgery. METHODS: One hundred and eighty @entity0 who underwent LC were randomized to one of three groups with sixty @entity0 each: Group A received 50 mg 0.5% @entity7 subcutaneously at trocar sites before incision closure; Group B received intravenous @entity9 (40 mg) after entering the recovery room; Group C did not receive postoperative analgesia unless needed and was served as control. The @entity3 at 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 24 h after the operation was assessed using a visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes, including @entity2 , the incidence of @entity1 , @entity8 requirements, postoperative @entity4 and @entity5 , and hospital stay were also recorded. RESULTS: At 1, 2, and 4 hours after surgery, VAS @entity1 scores were significantly lower in group A and B compared with group C (P < 0.05 for all). There was no significant difference among the three groups at 8, 12, and 24 hours after the procedure (P > 0.05 for all). A repeated-measures ANOVA analysis revealed that VAS @entity1 scores over the first 24 hours after LC were significantly lower in group A and B compared with group C (P = 0.014 and P = 0.029 for between-group comparison, respectively). Furthermore, the percentage of @entity0 requiring postoperative rescue analgesics was significantly higher in group C as compared with group A and group B (P = 0.018). CONCLUSION: Local anesthesia with @entity7 and intravenous @entity9 are both effective at decreasing @entity3 and @entity8 requirements after LC.

title: Comparison of @entity7 and XXXX for @entity3 relief after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: The Kit receptor has been proposed as a key molecular target for the treatment of @entity2 ( @entity2 ). @entity4 ( @entity3 ) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) are intracellular kinases that regulate cell survival and proliferation and may play a role in Kit signal transduction. This study was designed to examine the expression and importance of Kit, @entity3 , and MAPK relative to standard clinical prognostic factors in @entity2 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Kit, @entity3 , and MAPK expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in @entity2 biopsies. Clinical data were collected on @entity1 stage, weight loss, hematology, biochemistry, response to treatment, and survival. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate prognostic significance. RESULTS: Biopsies from 42 @entity0 were evaluable, and significant Kit expression (>/=35% cells) was detected in 51% of the @entity1 , phosphorylated @entity3 was detected in 62% of the @entity1 , and phosphorylated MAPK was detected in 48% of the @entity1 . Neither Kit nor @entity3 expression predicted for survival. Only increased expression of cytoplasmic MAPK was prognostic for survival (median, 1 year for negative staining versus 1.8 years for positive staining; P = 0.0054). CONCLUSIONS: Kit, @entity3 , and MAPK are expressed in a high percentage of SCLCs, and our data suggest that MAPK is an independent positive predictive factor in this malignancy.

title: Expression and prognostic significance of kit, @entity4 , and mitogen-activated protein kinase in XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: To evaluate the efficacy of Switch therapy for community-acquired @entity2 , we conducted a prospective randomized controlled study in thirty-two hospitalized @entity0 . These cases corresponded to Fine's risk classes II to IV. Using a table of random numbers, sixteen @entity0 were assigned to a Switch therapy group, and the other sixteen, to a clinical pathway group. Both groups initially received intravenous antimicrobials. Within the Switch therapy group, when all the @entity0 were afebrile for more than sixteen hours, their intravenous antimicrobials were switched to oral, and the @entity0 were discharged on the following day. For all @entity0 in the clinical pathway group, the critical pathway was defined as an eight-day planned hospitalization, with a time-task matrix formatted for disease treatment, laboratory testing, physical examination, @entity1 saturation monitoring, ambulation, diet, @entity0 education and clinical outcome. Switch therapy reduced the period of intravenous antimicrobial administration from 7.6 days to 4.0 days (p < 0.0001). The period required to switch to oral antimicrobials decreased from 8.3 days to 4.8 days (p < 0.0001); hospital stay length, from 9.8 days to 6.5 days (p = 0.0001); and medical resource utilization, from 330, 373 to 227,768 Japanese yen (p = 0.0002). No @entity0 from either group required readmission. In conclusion, Switch therapy was more efficient than management with a clinical pathway for mild to moderate community-acquired @entity2 in hospitalized @entity0 .

title: [The efficacy of switch therapy in community-acquired XXXX in Japan].

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity6 is responsible for most acute manifestations of @entity3 , including @entity9 and non-Q-wave @entity5 ( @entity5 ). Antiplatelet therapy plays a major role in reducing the risk of ischaemic events in such @entity0 . Since @entity4 generation is key in the pathogenesis of @entity6 , recent studies have focussed on @entity4 inhibition in the management of acute ischaemia. Heparin is the most widely used anticoagulant for acute management of @entity6 and is the treatment of choice in the prevention and treatment of @entity8 . Heparin given in therapeutic doses intravenously has been shown to be more effective than @entity1 at reducing the risk of @entity2 or @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity9 . Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) have improved pharmacologic and pharmacokinetic properties over standard heparin that may result in greater efficiency and safety. LMWH may be given in fixed doses subcutaneously without monitoring, resulting in greater clinical utility and cost-effectiveness compared with standard heparin. A number of LMWHs- @entity12 , @entity10 and nadroparin-have been evaluated in @entity9 . In a small open trial, @entity11 reduced the risk of ischaemic outcomes compared with @entity1 alone or a combination of @entity1 and standard heparin. @entity12 has been evaluated in two large clinical trials in the management of @entity9 . The low-Molecular-Weight Heparin (Fragmin) During Instability in @entity3 (FRISC) trial showed that @entity12 resulted in a 63% reduction in risk of @entity2 or acute @entity5 compared with @entity1 alone. The Fragmin in Unstable @entity3 (FRIC) trial showed that @entity12 was as effective as intravenous heparin. @entity10 resulted in a statistically significant 16% reduction in the combined outcome of @entity2 , @entity5 and recurrence of @entity7 in comparison with standard heparin in the Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Enoxaparin in Non-Q-Wave Coronary Events (ESSENCE) trial. There is accumulating evidence that LMWHs are safe and effective alternatives to standard heparin in unstable @entity3 and that they offer practical and therapeutic advantages.

title: Low-molecular-weight heparins and XXXX --current perspectives.

answer: @entity9


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether vitreous levels of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) predict late @entity4 ( @entity4 ) after vitrectomy for @entity1 , and how @entity2 level changes in @entity0 with postoperative late @entity4 . METHODS: Eighty-five eyes of 68 @entity0 with @entity1 who underwent vitrectomy were analyzed retrospectively. Vitreous samples were collected from eyes undergoing primary vitrectomy and from eyes with late @entity4 undergoing second vitrectomy. Vitreous @entity2 levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The relationship between @entity2 level and late @entity4 (>4 weeks) occurring during follow-up as well as clinical findings, and changes in @entity2 level in eyes with late @entity4 undergoing second vitrectomy were analyzed. RESULTS: Late @entity4 occurred in 20 (24%) of 85 eyes, and 9 eyes required second vitrectomy. Vitreous levels of @entity2 were significantly higher (median: 1,945 pg/mL; P < 0.0001) in eyes with late @entity4 than in those without. Preexisting @entity6 (P < 0.0001), @entity3 (P = 0.002), and @entity5 (P = 0.040) were also significant risk factors of late @entity4 . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a higher vitreous @entity2 level was independently associated with a risk of postoperative late @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity1 (odds ratio: 20.8, 95% confidence interval: 2.72-159.47; P = 0.003). Vitreous @entity2 level at second vitrectomy in @entity0 with late @entity4 was significantly lower compared with that at primary vitrectomy, but remained elevated (median: 1,610 pg/mL; P = 0.023). CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with @entity1 , high intraocular @entity2 level at primary vitrectomy was identified as an independent risk factor of postoperative late @entity4 . Persistent overproduction of intraocular @entity2 may be associated with postoperative late @entity4 .

title: PERSISTENT OVERPRODUCTION OF INTRAOCULAR XXXX AS A CAUSE OF LATE VITREOUS HEMORRHAGE AFTER VITRECTOMY FOR PROLIFERATIVE DIABETIC RETINOPATHY.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Most proteins in eukaryotic cells are degraded by a highly selective non-lysosomal pathway that requires @entity1 and a large multicatalytic proteinase complex known as the 26S proteasome. In the present study, we evaluated the possibility that the proteasome-mediated pathway is involved in the regulation of laccase production by the efficient lignin-degrading basidiomycete Trametes versicolor in response to @entity3 . These studies were performed using @entity5 and @entity6 as specific proteasome inhibitors separately added to the culture medium of 7-day-old mycelia of T. versicolor at the start of incubation with 10-200 muM @entity4 . We found that @entity2 stimulated laccase activity at all concentrations tested. The highest increase was observed at 100 muM @entity2 , where laccase activity was three to fivefold higher than in @entity2 -free cultures. Blocking of proteasome function in @entity2 -supplemented cultures resulted in the considerably lower laccase activity in comparison to controls with no proteasomal inhibitor added. The decline of extracellular laccase activity triggered by the proteasome inhibitors was especially significant in the case of cultures with 100 muM @entity2 , where around seven and threefold lost of laccase activity was observed for @entity5 and @entity6 , respectively. Similar findings were obtained for intracellular laccase. In contrast to @entity2 -supplemented cultures, no significant change in laccase activity could be detected for @entity2 -free cultures after exposure to the proteasome inhibitors. Effects observed with @entity0 , the inhibitor of lysosomal proteolysis, added to T. versicolor cultures were markedly different from those found in the case of the proteasome inhibitors. We also showed that addition of @entity2 to growing cultures of T. versicolor did not significantly affect proteasome activities detected in high molecular (above 500 kDa) fractions of mycelial extracts. Our results strongly support the interpretation that the proteasome-mediated proteolytic pathway plays an important role in the regulation of T. versicolor laccase activity in response to @entity2 .

title: Inhibition of the proteasome strongly affects XXXX stimulated laccase activity in Trametes versicolor.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The role of @entity1 in @entity4 in older @entity0 has been the subject of controversy. This study was undertaken to examine the prevalence of @entity5 in a prospective autopsy series of @entity0 with clinically diagnosed @entity4 . DESIGN: Structured review of clinical and neuropathological examinations. Clinical diagnoses were assigned in accordance with the recommendations of the NINCDS/ADRDA consensus panel. Neuropathological examinations were performed at an academic neuropathology service using published consensus criteria for the diagnosis of @entity3 and other forms of @entity4 . SETTING: A subspecialty, outpatient @entity4 clinic in a university-affiliated suburban American hospital. @entity0 : Eighty-seven unselected @entity0 coming to autopsy who had undergone clinical @entity4 evaluation. RESULTS: @entity4 could not be attributed to the effects of @entity1 alone in any of the 87 @entity0 coming to autopsy. Seventy-six (87%) of the @entity0 were found to have @entity3 ( @entity3 ), 44 had @entity3 alone, and 32 had @entity3 in combination with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). All of the @entity0 with signs of @entity1 at autopsy were also found to have some @entity2 . The absence of @entity0 in whom @entity6 could be diagnosed at neuropathology was not the result of recruitment bias. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion of @entity3 or other neurodegenerative process in older @entity0 whose presenting complaint is @entity4 , even in the presence of well documented @entity1 .

title: Absence of @entity6 in an autopsy series from a XXXX clinic.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Nuts have been identified as a vector for @entity0 . The objective of this project was to estimate the prevalence and contamination level of Salmonella in raw tree nuts (cashews, pecans, hazelnuts, @entity2 , pine nuts, and walnuts) at retail markets in the United States. A total of 3,656 samples of six types of tree nuts were collected from different types of retail stores and markets nationwide between October 2014 and October 2015. These samples were analyzed using a modified version of the Salmonella culture method from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual. Of the 3,656 samples collected and tested, 32 were culturally confirmed as containing Salmonella. These isolates represented 25 serotypes. Salmonella was not detected in pecans and in-shell hazelnuts. Salmonella prevalence estimates (and 95% confidence intervals) in cashews, shelled hazelnuts, pine nuts, walnuts, and @entity2 were 0.55% [0.15, 1.40], 0.35% [0.04, 1.20], 0.48% [0.10, 1.40], 1.20% [0.53, 2.40], and 4.20% [2.40, 6.90], respectively. The rates of Salmonella isolation from major or big chain supermarkets, small chain supermarkets, discount, variety, or drug stores, and online were 0.64% [0.38, 1.00], 1.60% [0.80, 2.90], 0.00% [0.00, 2.40], and 13.64% [2.90, 35.00], respectively (Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test: P = 0.02). The rates of Salmonella isolation for conventional and organic nuts were not significantly different. Of the samples containing Salmonella, 60.7% had levels less than 0.003 @entity1 ( @entity1 )/g. The highest contamination level observed was 0.092 @entity1 /g. The prevalence and levels of Salmonella in these tree nut samples were comparable to those previously reported for similar foods.

title: Prevalence of Salmonella in Cashews, Hazelnuts, XXXX , Pecans, Pine Nuts, and Walnuts in the United States.

answer: @entity2


abstract: With the help of a surgical nurse and using data-processing techniques, a prospective clinical study was conducted to determine the @entity3 rate in two hospitals in Calgary. The overall @entity2 rate was 5.2% and the clean wound rate 3.5%. The latter is the more meaningful figure as it allows for comparison between hospitals, specialties and individuals and is a good guide for hospital morbidity reviews. The groundwork for succeeding @entity3 is laid in the operating theatre, and it is believed that @entity3 would be reduced more by attention to Halsted's principles than by more rigid aseptic techniques. It is estimated that wound @entity2 costs the Province of Alberta 1.5 million dollars per year for hospitalization alone. This amounts to roughly  1 per @entity0 per year. The annual cost of a prospective study such as the present one is approximately  7000. This is equivalent to the cost of hospitalizing 24 @entity0 with @entity3 for one week (at  300 per week). One dividend of a prospective study is an associated reduction in @entity1 rate. This reduction more than pays for the cost of the program.

title: Surgical wound XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objectives. The study was aimed at providing a psychosocial profile for Iranian liver transplant candidates referred to an established liver transplantation program. Material and Methods. @entity0 assessed for liver transplant candidacy in Imam Khomeini Hospital (Tehran, Iran) between March 2013 and September 2014 were included. The following battery of tests were administered: Psychosocial Assessment of Candidates for Transplant ( @entity4 ), the Short-Form health survey (SF-36), and Hospital @entity2 and @entity3 Scale (HADS). Results. Psychosocial assessment in 205 liver transplant candidates revealed @entity1 in several SF-36 domains; social functioning was the least and physical functioning was the most impaired domains. The prevalence of cases with probable @entity2 and @entity3 , according to HADS, was 13.8% and 5.6%, respectively. According to @entity4 , 24.3% of the assessed individuals were considered good or excellent candidates. In 11.2%, transplantation seemed poor candidate due to at least one major psychosocial or lifestyle risk factor. Poor candidate quality was associated with impaired health-related quality of life and higher scores on @entity2 and @entity3 scales (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Transplant programs could implement specific intervention programs based on normative databases to address the psychosocial issues in @entity0 in order to improve @entity0 care, quality of life, and transplant outcomes.

title: Psychosocial Status of Liver Transplant Candidates in Iran and Its Correlation with Health-Related Quality of Life and XXXX and @entity2 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Distinguishing @entity1 from major @entity2 is a major challenge in psychiatric treatment. Consequently, there has been growing interest in identifying neuronal biomarkers of disorder-specific pathophysiological processes to differentiate @entity3 . Thirty-six depressed @entity1 @entity0 , 36 @entity2 @entity0 and 36 matched healthy controls participated in an fMRI-experiment. Emotional faces served as stimuli in a matching task. We investigated neural activation towards angry, fearful and happy faces focusing on prototypical regions related to emotion processing, ie the amygdala and the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG). Furthermore, we employed a whole-brain and a multivariate pattern classification analysis. Unipolar @entity0 showed abnormally reduced ACG activation towards happy and fearful faces compared with @entity1 @entity0 and healthy controls respectively. Furthermore, the whole-brain analysis revealed significantly increased activation in @entity1 @entity0 compared with unipolar @entity0 in the fearful condition in the right frontal and parietal cortex. Moreover, the multivariate pattern classification analysis yielded significant classification rates of up to 72% based on ACG activation elicited by fearful faces. Our results question the rather 'amygdalocentric' neurobiological models of @entity3 . We observed patterns of abnormally reduced ventral and supragenual ACG activation potentially indicating impaired bottom-up emotion processing and automatic emotion regulation specifically in unipolar but not in @entity1 individuals.Neuropsychopharmacology accepted article preview online, 16 February 2017. doi:10.1038/npp.2017.36.

title: Differential Abnormal Pattern of Anterior Cingulate Gyrus Activation in XXXX : An fMRI and Pattern Classification Approach.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is one among the anti- @entity0 agents in FOLFORINOX treatment along with @entity3 and @entity6 for the treatment of @entity1 . Despite its potential activity on the @entity0 cells, it lacks site specificity partly attributed by its biodistribution to healthy cells resulting in toxic effects to healthy cells. Therefore, we have formulated @entity4 enteric-coated nanoparticles (5-FUEC) to localize the drug in the colon area that enables its prolonged presence in target area in a sustained manner. The current work emphasizes on enhanced anti- @entity0 activity of 5-FUEC sequencing its apoptotic activity on HCT 116 @entity1 cell lines in vitro. @entity2 assay exhibited 5.5-fold decrease in IC50 value of nanoparticles comparable to @entity4 . @entity5 with irregular edges in nucleus of cells justified its improved activity. Furthermore, flow cytometric analysis confirms the majority of cells gated in early apoptotic (39.75%) and late apoptotic phase (36.25%). Acridine orange/ @entity7 staining (AO/EB) exhibited cells with red fluorescence (indicating apoptosis) comparable to the control and @entity4 . y-Scintigraphic studies determined the applicability and feasibility of the enteric coating with mean gastric emptying time, mean intestinal transit time and mean colon arrival time of 1.89        0.03, 2.15        0.05 and 4.03        0.27   h, respectively. Moreover, nanoparticulate approach was found significant in reducing @entity0 size and volume in xenograft @entity0 models in vivo along with sustained release. These superior anti- @entity0 activities exhibited by 5-FUEC indicated that it could be a potential alternative to chemotherapy for @entity1 .

title: @entity4 enteric-coated nanoparticles for improved apoptotic activity and therapeutic index in treating XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECT: The purpose of this study was to analyze preoperative predictors of endocrinological remission following endonasal endoscopic resection of therapy-resistant prolactin-, @entity7 ( @entity7 )-, and @entity8 (ACTH)-secreting @entity4 and to establish benchmarks for cure by using the most recent consensus criteria. METHODS: The authors reviewed a prospective database of 86 consecutive functional @entity4 that were resected by a purely endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal technique. Extent of resection was evaluated on postoperative contrast-enhanced MR imaging. Endocrinological remission was defined according to the most recent consensus criteria. RESULTS: The majority of functional @entity3 (62.8%) were classified as macroadenomas (> 1 cm in maximum diameter), and 20.9% of lesions had invaded the cavernous sinus (CS) at the time of surgery. A gross-total resection was achieved in 75.6% of all @entity0 . The rate of endocrinological remission differed between various types of functional @entity3 . Cure rates were 92.3% (microadenomas) and 57.1% (macroadenomas) for @entity6 , 75% (microadenomas) and 40% (macroadenomas) for @entity7 -secreting @entity1 , and 54.5% (microadenomas) and 71.4% (macroadenomas) for ACTH-secreting @entity1 . Lower rates of cure occurred in @entity7 -secreting macroadenomas due to a high rate of CS invasion, and in ACTH-secreting @entity3 due to a high rate of lesions that were not visible on preoperative MR imaging. Whereas univariate analysis showed that macroadenoma, suprasellar, cavernous extension, or extent of resection correlated with cure, on multivariate analysis, only extent of resection and suprasellar extension predicted cure. One @entity0 developed @entity2 that was complicated by @entity5 requiring a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. Two @entity0 developed @entity2 , and 2 @entity0 suffered from CSF leaks, which were treated with lumbar CSF diversion. CONCLUSIONS: This paper reports benchmarks for endocrinological cure as well as complications in a large series of purely endoscopic pituitary surgeries by using the most recent consensus criteria. The advantages of extended endonasal approaches are most profound in @entity1 with suprasellar extension and CS invasion.

title: Endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for functional XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity5 is both a commensal of the @entity0 intestinal tract and an opportunistic pathogen. The increasing incidence of @entity1 is mainly due to the ability of this organism to develop resistance to multiple antibiotics, including @entity3 . The aim of this study was to perform comparative genome analyses on four @entity3 -resistant @entity5 (VREfm) strains isolated from two fatal cases in a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. Two sequence types, ST80 and ST203, were identified which belong to the clinically important clonal complex (CC) 17. This is the first report on the emergence of ST80 strains in Malaysia. Three of the studied strains (VREr5, VREr6, VREr7) were each isolated from different body sites of a single @entity0 ( @entity0 Y) and had different @entity6 patterns. While VREr6 and VREr7 were phenotypically and genotypically similar, the initial isolate, VREr5, was found to be more similar to VRE2 isolated from another @entity0 ( @entity0 X), in terms of the genome contents, sequence types and phylogenomic relationship. Both the clinical records and genome sequence data suggested that @entity0 Y was infected by multiple strains from different clones and the strain that infected @entity0 Y could have derived from the same clone from @entity0 X. These multidrug resistant strains harbored a number of virulence genes such as the epa locus and pilus-associated genes which could enhance their persistence. Apart from that, a homolog of @entity2 @entity4 locus was identified in VREr5 which might be involved in biofilm formation. Overall, our comparative genomic analyses had provided insight into the genetic relatedness, as well as the virulence potential, of the four clinical strains.

title: Comparative genome analysis of multiple @entity3 -resistant XXXX isolated from two fatal cases.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Obesity is a serious medical condition affecting more than 30  % of Indiana, and 25  % of Unites States pregnant @entity0 . Obesity is related to maternal complications, and significantly impacts the health of pregnant @entity0 . The objective of this study was to describe the relationship between maternal complications and pre-pregnancy maternal weight. METHODS: Using logistic regression models, we analyzed 2008 to 2010 birth certificate data, for 255,773 live births abstracted from the Indiana Vital Statistics registry. We examined the risk of reproductive factors, @entity5 and perinatal (intrapartum) complications for underweight, healthy weight, overweight and @entity2 @entity0 for this population. RESULTS: @entity0 who received prenatal care were more likely to be @entity2 [adjusted odds ratio (AOR)   =   1.82 (1.56-2.13)]. While @entity0 with parity of zero (0) were less likely to be @entity2 [AOR   =   0.89, 95  % CI (0.86-0.91)]. @entity0 giving birth to twins [AOR   =   1.25, 95  % CI (1.17- 1.33)], @entity0 delivering by Caesarian section [AOR   =   2.31, 95  % CI ( 2.26-2.37)], and @entity0 who previously had a Caesarian section [AOR   =   1.95, 95  % CI (1.88-2.02)] were more likely to be @entity2 . There was evidence of metabolic like complication in this population, due to @entity2 . Obesity was significantly associated with obstetrical conditions of the @entity4 , including pre-pregnancy @entity1 , pre-pregnancy @entity3 , pregnancy-induced @entity3 and @entity8 [AOR   =   5.12, 95  % CI (4.47-5.85); AOR   =   3.87, 95  % CI (3.68-4.08); AOR   =   7.66, 95  % CI (6.77-8.65); AOR   =   3.23, 95  % CI (3.07-3.39); and AOR   =   1.77, 95  % CI (1.31-2.40), respectively. @entity2 modestly increased the risk of induction, epidural, @entity6 , and @entity7 [AOR   =   1.26, 95  % CI (1.23-1.29); AOR   =   1.15, 95  % CI (1.13-1.18); AOR   =   1.20, 95  % CI (1.12-1.28); and AOR   =   1.44, 95  % CI (1.30-1.61)], respectively. Obese @entity0 were less likely to have blood transfusions [AOR   =   .74, 95  % CI (0.58-96)], vaginal tears [AOR   =   0.51, 95  % CI (0.44-0.59)], or infections [AOR   =   86, 95  % CI (0.80-0.93)]. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that maternal @entity2 in Indiana, like other populations in the USA, is associated with high risks of maternal complications for pregnant @entity0 . Pre-pregnancy @entity2 prevention efforts should focus on targeting @entity0 , adolescent and young @entity0 , if the goal to reduce the risk of maternal complications related to @entity2 , is to be reached.

title: Relationship between maternal XXXX and prenatal, @entity4 , obstetrical and perinatal complications of pregnancy in Indiana, 2008-2010.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Susceptibility testing of fungi by flow cytometry (also called fluorescence-activated cell sorting [FACS]) using vital staining with @entity3 showed a good correlation with the standard M27-A procedure for assessing MICs. In this study we determined MICs for blood culture isolates from @entity0 with @entity4 by NCCLS M27-A and FACS methods and correlated the clinical outcome of these @entity0 with in vitro antifungal resistance test results. A total of 24 @entity0 with @entity4 for whom one or more blood cultures were positive for a Candida sp. were included. Susceptibility testing was performed by NCCLS M27-A and FACS methods. The correlation of MICs (NCCLS M27-A and FACS) and clinical outcome was calculated. In 83% of the cases, the MICs of @entity2 determined by FACS were within 1 dilution of the MICs determined by the NCCLS M27-A method. For proposed susceptibility breakpoints, there was 100% agreement between the M27-A and FACS methods. In the FACS assay, a @entity2 MIC of <1 microg/ml was associated with cure (P < 0.001) whereas an MIC of > or =1 microg/ml was associated with @entity1 (P < 0.001). The @entity5 -derived @entity2 MICs did not correlate with outcome (P = 1 and P = 0.133).

title: Antifungal susceptibility testing of XXXX by flow cytometry correlates with clinical outcome.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: We conducted a multiinstitutional phase II study of @entity2 in combination with @entity3 and trastuzumab in @entity1 eligible to receive first- or second-line treatment for @entity1 epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 ( @entity4 )-positive ( @entity4 (+)) @entity0 ( @entity0 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: The study was designed to test that the true confirmed response rate (CRR) was at most 45% vs. a true CRR of at least 65%. Between March 2005 and June 2008, eligible @entity1 received @entity2 825 mg/m   orally on days 1 to 14, @entity3 25 mg/m   intravenously on days 1 and 8 every 3 weeks, and trastuzumab 8 mg/kg intravenously on day 1 week 1 and 6 mg/kg every 3 weeks. The main outcome measure was CRR. RESULTS: Of 47 @entity1 accrued, 45 were evaluable. This design required at least 25 confirmed responses in the 45 evaluable @entity1 for the treatment to be considered promising. Thirty @entity1 (67%) achieved a confirmed response; 25 @entity1 (56%) had a confirmed partial response (PR); 5 @entity1 (11%) had confirmed complete responses (CRs). Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 11.3 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 8.4-16.7 months). Median overall survival was 28.5 months (95% CI, 24.8-36.4 months). CONCLUSIONS: This triplet combination demonstrated promising activity in @entity1 with @entity4 (+) @entity0 .

title: Phase II interventional study (N0337) of @entity2 in combination with @entity3 and trastuzumab for first- or second-line treatment of XXXX -positive @entity0 : a north central cancer treatment group trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity1 free radicals (OFRs) are associated with ischaemia-reperfusion injury involving many organs, including the heart, which can lead to @entity3 in the cardiac ultrastructure. This is seen upon the release of the aortic crossclamp when the ischaemic myocardium is reperfused in @entity0 undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Various studies have shown that by adding OFR scavenging agents or antioxidants to the CPB prime or cardioplegia, cardiac performance improves. @entity6 is an osmotic diuretic with free radical scavenging properties, which has been shown to reduce the extent of @entity2 and improve the function of the myocardium. This study evaluated how effective @entity6 is as an OFR scavenger by administering different concentrations of cardioplegia antegrade into the aortic root, thus maximising its effects directly upon the myocardium rather than being diluted in the CPB prime. Thirty-three @entity0 undergoing primary coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were, by double blind random selection, allocated into one of three groups: group 1, a control group (consisting of 11 @entity0 ) receiving no @entity6 ; group 2 (11 @entity0 ), receiving a concentration of 4 g/l; and group 3 (11 @entity0 ), receiving 8 g/l. Three blood samples were taken directly from the coronary sinus during bypass: the first sample at the start of bypass, just prior to the crossclamp being applied; the second sample just after removal of the crossclamp; and the third sample just prior to termination of bypass. All samples were then centrifuged and the plasma analysed for @entity4 ( @entity5 ) using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). @entity5 , an endproduct of lipid peroxidation, causes cellular damage and disruption of cell membranes when tissue antioxidants are exhausted. The more @entity5 produced, the greater the depletion of tissue antioxidants secondary to OR formation during reperfusion when the aortic crossclamp is removed. HPLC is a useful biochemical study; however, it is not a direct indicator of @entity3 , such as an invasive test would be, and this should be borne in mind. Statistically, the results do not show a significant difference among the three groups or among the three samples. However, a trend can be seen, which shows lower levels of @entity5 in the two groups receiving @entity6 and there is an indication of a rise in @entity5 levels upon the start of reperfusion in the two groups receiving @entity6 , but not the control group. It is concluded that further samples would be needed to find a significant difference in @entity5 concentrations.

title: @entity6 in cardioplegia as an XXXX free radical scavenger measured by @entity4 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Molecular structural changes in hair, skin and breast associated with @entity0 have been observed using synchrotron fibre diffraction. These results raised the possibility that such hair studies might be used as a non-invasive diagnostic marker for @entity0 . A series of double-blinded studies was undertaken to establish the specificity of such a tool. Hair samples from controls, @entity1 with @entity2 of the breast and other sites including the colon were studied. An associated study of collagenous colon tissue was also undertaken. MATERIAL/METHODS: Single hairs were used for the fibre diffraction study. Collagenous colon samples were dissected near the @entity2 and from the ends of the colon section. The protocols followed exactly the associated @entity0 studies. RESULTS: A ring of radius 4.53+/- 0.03 nm, superimposed on the patterns obtained for the controls, was observed in the diffraction patterns for the hair of all @entity3 @entity1 . This radius is different from that observed for @entity0 . In the collagen tissue study, two discrete sets of additional rings are superimposed on the normal collagenous colon pattern, one for samples adjacent to the @entity2 and one for samples distal from the @entity2 . The latter revealed that tissue at the point of dissection was not always normal. CONCLUSIONS: Here we show that, since the sensitivity and specificity for the difference observed in the diffraction patterns of hair in @entity3 are both 100%, a fibre diffraction analysis could be a simple, non-invasive screening test for @entity3 .

title: Fibre diffraction from a single hair can provide an early non-invasive test for XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Errors of medication are frequent causes of hazards to @entity0 . It has been suggested that containers that look alike constitute a risk of such errors. In this article, we present an example of how reporting incidents of potential risks, can be applied in their clinical management. MATERIAL AND METHODS: As part of a medical technology assessment project on risk management in a delivery department, the staff were encouraged to report incidents that could create a potential risk to @entity0 . The incidents were assessed by a project group as either a general problem to @entity0 safety or a solitary incident. If considered a general problem, procedures should be changed and implemented in the department. RESULTS: Two incidents were reported, where @entity3 and @entity1 were found in a box supposed to contain @entity2 for new-born babies. These were considered a general problem by the project group, and the procedure for storing and managing @entity3 and @entity1 in the delivery department was changed to prevent new cases. DISCUSSION: Near misses occur more often than actual errors, and we argue that, as they are easier to discover, it is important to learn from them and thus prevent further incidents. A forum should be set up to exchange experiences of acknowledged risks, hazards, analytical results and preventive solutions.

title: [Risk management by reporting critical incidents. @entity2 and XXXX mix-up at a birthing unit].

answer: @entity3


abstract: The interaction of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) with cell surface glycosaminoglycans has been shown to promote the endothelial release of prostacyclin (PGI2). Because PGI2 plays an important role in gastric cytoprotection, we examined whether @entity5 prevents water-immersion restraint stress (WIR)-induced @entity2 in @entity0 by promoting the endothelial release of PGI2. Intravenous administration of @entity5 (250 U/kg) prevented WIR-induced @entity2 in @entity0 . Gastric levels of @entity4 , a stable metabolite of PGI2, were significantly increased 0.5 and 1 hour after WIR in animals administered @entity5 compared with control animals. The effects induced by @entity5 in animals subjected to WIR were not observed in animals that were administered DEGR-Xa, a selective inhibitor of thrombin generation, or Trp49-modified @entity5 , which lacks affinity for heparin. In animals subjected to WIR gastric mucosal blood flow was significantly reduced with a simultaneous increase in gastric mucosal microvascular permeability. Activated neutrophils have been implicated in the WIR-induced @entity1 flow by increasing microvascular permeability. Although @entity5 prevented the @entity1 flow and the increase in gastric mucosal microvascular permeability in animals subjected to WIR, neither DEGR-Xa nor Trp49-modified @entity5 had any effect. Pretreatment of animals with @entity3 completely inhibited the protective effects of @entity5 against WIR-induced @entity2 and the @entity5 -induced increase in post-WIR gastric @entity4 levels. These results strongly suggest that @entity5 prevents stress-induced @entity2 by increasing the gastric levels of PGI2 through the interaction of @entity5 with cell-surface glycosaminoglycans, thus increasing gastric mucosal blood flow both by vasodilation and by inhibiting neutrophil activation.

title: Antithrombin prevents stress-induced @entity2 by increasing the gastric prostacyclin level in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: We studied @entity3 immunohistochemical staining intensity both in prostatic biopsy and surgical samples of @entity0 with @entity2 to determine if it might provide prognostic information for the decision of re-biopsy indication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 28 @entity0 undergone radical prostatectomy whose final pathologic examination revealed @entity2 were included in the study. 12 @entity0 with BPH in their pathological examination of both prostatic biopsy and open prostatectomy were considered as a control group. Intensity of @entity3 receptor was examined with immunohistochemical staining according to standard techniques. RESULTS: Positive @entity3 receptor staining was obtained 89.3% of biopsy samples and 93% of surgical samples in all @entity1 @entity0 . The rate of agreement in @entity3 receptor staining of biopsy samples and radical prostatectomy samples was 76% in same @entity0 (p=0,54). Similarly, the @entity3 receptor levels in biopsy specimens of @entity0 with BPH open surgery compared with samples of the agreement still rate was 41%( p=0.41). @entity2 exchanging @entity3 receptor levels in @entity0 with biopsy specimens in @entity0 with BPH were found significantly more (p=0,008). CONCLUSION: Our this study, the feasibility of presence of @entity3 receptor staining in biopsy samples was shown. We have also demonstrated that @entity3 staining intensity was higher in prostatic biopsy samples of @entity0 with @entity2 than @entity0 with BPH. This leads a conclusion that, higher @entity3 expression levels in biopsy specimens may be used to decide re-biopsy in borderline preoperative PSA levels as well as in the cases with suspicious pathological findings for @entity1 .

title: Predictive value of Cyclooxygenase-2 over expression for identifying XXXX from benign prostatic hyperplasia in prostate biopsy specimens.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Baseball pitchers appear to be prone to @entity2 and its branches. The cause is probably related to repetitive compression of or @entity6 on the vessels at the level of the pectoralis minor muscle and the humeral head, which is exacerbated by the pitching motion. The incidence of @entity2 and its branches among pitchers and other athletes is not known, nor is it clear whether pitchers who are at high risk of @entity5 can be identified before irreversible damage to the vessels has occurred. Perhaps @entity0 who have documented compression or occlusion of the vessel with the arm in the abducted, externally rotated position are at higher risk. Screening pitchers to identify those with axillary artery compression, @entity3 , or @entity4 has also not been shown to be effective. Certainly, many pitchers will have some level of compression of the axillary artery with their arm in the pitching position but will never develop any clinical abnormality requiring treatment. Screening would therefore probably lead to a high false-positive rate. It is clear, however, that pitchers who complain of @entity1 -type symptoms such as early fatigue or who have evidence of emboli require a complete evaluation to rule out any abnormality of the axillary artery or one of its branches. Orthopaedic surgeons who see pitchers and other athletes involved in repetitive overhead motions need to be aware of this disorder so that they order the appropriate tests and obtain a vascular consultation--and make a prompt diagnosis. Treatment will vary depending on the type of lesion and on which vessel or vessels are involved, and should be decided on by the team of surgeons treating the @entity0 .

title: An XXXX involving the axillary artery and its branch vessels in a major league baseball pitcher. A case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity6 is an anesthetic agent with rapid onset, short duration of action, a generally stable hemodynamic profile, and cerebroprotective effects. It is used in the hospital setting to facilitate emergency endotracheal intubation. This helicopter EMS used @entity6 as an intubating agent without paralytics for 2 years. METHODS: Intubations performed by the helicopter crew using @entity6 alone were reviewed. Intubation was classified as successful or unsuccessful. Successful intubations requiring three or more attempts or repeated doses of @entity6 were interpreted as difficult. RESULTS: Fifty @entity0 received @entity6 to facilitate orotracheal intubation. @entity6 was the sole agent in 44 of these cases. Mean age was 31 years (range 4-79); 35 @entity0 (80%) were @entity0 . Most @entity0 (79%) were victims of blunt @entity1 . The mean dose of @entity6 was 0.5 mg/kg (range 0.3-1.1). Hemodynamic parameters remained stable. Intubation was successful in 39 @entity0 (89%). Intubation was difficult in seven @entity0 (16%) and unsuccessful in five (11%). @entity7 was noted in three of the five @entity0 for whom intubation was unsuccessful. Other complications included @entity2 in eight @entity0 and @entity3 -like activity in one @entity0 . CONCLUSION: @entity6 can be used to facilitate emergency endotracheal intubation in the prehospital air medical setting, with a success rate of 89%. At the doses used in the study, hemodynamic parameters remained stable, but intubation was difficult or unsuccessful in 27% of @entity0 . @entity7 , which may represent orofacial @entity5 or inadequate relaxation, is common in @entity0 who cannot be intubated with @entity6 . @entity6 is recommended as a sole agent for facilitating intubation only when rapid sequence intubation with @entity4 is contraindicated or otherwise undesirable.

title: XXXX as a sole agent for endotracheal intubation in the prehospital air medical setting.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 occurs frequently in @entity0 with @entity1 associated with functional or @entity2 . AIMS: To evaluate whether: (i) the prevalence of delayed @entity3 is influenced by the presence of @entity2 ; (ii) demographic or clinical factors predict modestly or markedly ( @entity4 ) delayed emptying. @entity0 : A total of 327 consecutive out- @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: Routine diagnostic work-up and evaluation of demographic factors, gastrointestinal symptom evaluation and scintigraphic @entity3 of solids were performed. RESULTS: @entity2 were detected in 227/327 (65%) @entity0 : 33% had delayed emptying and 20% @entity4 . Female gender (OR: 2.1; 95% C.I.: 1.3-3.4). overweight (0.5; 0.3-0.9), relevant postprandial fullness (1.8; 1.1-3.2) and relevant epigastric bloating (1.8; 1.1-2.9), but not the presence of @entity2 , were associated with delayed emptying. Female gender (3.9; 1.3-11.9) and relevant postprandial fullness (4.1; 1.7-10.2) were associated with @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: (i) There is a high prevalence of delayed @entity3 and @entity4 in out- @entity0 with @entity1 , which is not influenced by the presence of @entity2 ; (ii) female gender, low body weight, relevant fullness and bloating are associated with delayed emptying; female gender and relevant postprandial fullness predict @entity4 .

title: Predictors of XXXX in out- @entity0 with secondary and idiopathic @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: On the basis of sequence similarities to the @entity2 @entity9 and @entity6 gene, the @entity0 alternatively spliced mRNA has been suggested to be a Golgi secretory pathway @entity1 -ATPase ( @entity6 ). Data in this report lend further support for this hypothesis in that @entity5 gradient fractionation of @entity0 liver microsomes resulted in @entity6 comigrating with the Golgi @entity3 binding protein @entity11 , which was well resolved from the endoplasmic reticulum marker @entity10 . Also, in PC-12 cells, antibody to @entity6 colocalized with an antibody to the Golgi marker @entity8 . To study the biological effects of @entity6 expression, we performed stable overexpression of @entity6 in COS-7 cells. Seven clones were selected for further comparison with COS-7 cells containing an empty expression vector. Overexpression of @entity6 resulted in a significant reduction of plasma membrane @entity1 -ATPase, sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum @entity1 -ATPase, and @entity10 expression in these clones. In contrast, the expression of the Golgi @entity3 -binding protein @entity11 increased significantly. The phosphoenzyme intermediate formed using membranes from clone G11/5 was @entity3 dependent, significantly more intense than in COS-7 cells, and not affected by @entity7 treatment. @entity3 uptake by G11/5 microsomes was @entity4 dependent and significantly greater than in microsomes from parent COS-7 cells. The overexpression of @entity6 significantly increased the growth rate of these cells compared with COS-7 cells containing only the empty vector. These data demonstrate that overexpression of the @entity0 @entity6 results in significant changes in the expression of @entity3 transport and storage proteins in COS-7 cells.

title: Characterization of Cos-7 cells overexpressing the XXXX secretory pathway @entity1 -ATPase.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We report herein a case of functional and aesthetic rehabilitation with maxillary prosthesis supported by only two zygomatic implants for a @entity0 with severe @entity6 resulting from subtotal maxillectomy for @entity4 . A 76-year-old @entity0 was referred to our facility with @entity2 . After several examinations, a clinical diagnosis of @entity4 (cT3N1M0 stage IVA, American Joint Committee on @entity1 ) was made. @entity5 utilizing Le Fort I osteotomy and functional neck dissection were performed. A conventional resection denture was made and employed postoperatively, but was unable to be suitably retained due to insufficient residual maxillary structures. Six months after @entity1 resection, two zygomatic implants were inserted into bilateral zygomatic bones. Magnetic attachments were applied as a mechanism for attaching the implants and resection denture. After application of these implants, retention and stability of the prosthesis was considerably improved. The @entity0 became able to eat a normal diet. From an aesthetic perspective, the @entity3 was also properly restored, leading to an acceptable facial appearance.

title: Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation with maxillary prosthesis supported by two zygomatic implants for @entity6 resulting from XXXX ablative surgery: a case report/technique article.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Agricultural chemical inputs have been considered as a risk factor for the global declines in amphibian populations, yet the application of agricultural fungicides has increased dramatically in recent years. Currently little is known about the potential @entity0 of fungicides on the embryos of amphibians. We studied the effects of ten commonly used fungicides (four strobilurins, two SDHIs, two @entity3 , @entity4 and folpet) on @entity5 embryos. Lethal and teratogenic effects were respectively examined after 48  h exposure. The median lethal concentrations (LC50s) and the median teratogenic concentrations (TC50s) were determined in line with actual exposure concentrations. These fungicides except two @entity3 showed obvious lethal effects on embryos; however LC50s of four strobilurins were the lowest and in the range of 6.81-196.59   g/L. Strobilurins, SDHIs and @entity4 induced severe @entity1 in embryos. Among the ten fungicides, the lowest TC50s were observed for four strobilurins in the range of 0.61-84.13   g/L. The teratogenicity shared similar dose-effect relationship and consistent phenotypes mainly including microcephaly, @entity2 , somite segmentation and narrow fins. The findings indicate that the developmental @entity0 of currently-used fungicides involved with ecologic risks on amphibians. Especially strobilurins are highly toxic to amphibian embryos at  g/L level, which is close to environmentally relevant concentrations.

title: Strong lethality and teratogenicity of strobilurins on XXXX embryos: Basing on ten agricultural fungicides.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity2 cells with high metastatic potential and stem cell-like characteristics express the cell surface marker @entity7 . @entity7 isoforms that include the v6 exon are co-receptors for the receptor @entity8 kinases MET and  @entity5 . We studied CD44v6 signaling in several @entity6 cell lines, and its role in @entity2 growth and @entity1 in several models of @entity6 . METHODS: We analyzed the effects of v6 peptides that interfere with the  co-receptor functions of CD44v6 for MET and @entity5 in  @entity2 and @entity1 grown from cells that express different @entity7  isoforms, including CD44v6. The peptides were injected into @entity4 with @entity2 and @entity3 with orthotopic or xenograft @entity2 . We also tested the effects of the peptides in @entity3 with xenograft @entity2 grown from @entity0 @entity2 samples and @entity3 that express an oncogenic form of RAS and develop spontaneous @entity6 ( @entity11  @entity3 ). We measured levels of CD44v6 messenger RNA (mRNA) in @entity6 tissues from 136 @entity0 . RESULTS: Xenograft @entity2 grown from @entity0 @entity2 cells  injected with v6 peptides were smaller and formed fewer @entity1 in @entity3 . The v6 peptide was more efficient than the MET inhibitor @entity10 and/or the @entity5 inhibitor @entity9 in reducing xenograft @entity2 growth and @entity1 . Injection of @entity11 @entity3 with the v6 peptide increased their survival time. Injection of @entity3 and @entity4 bearing @entity1 with the v6 peptide induced regression of @entity1 . Higher levels of CD44v6 mRNA in @entity0 @entity6 tissues were associated with increased expression of MET, @entity2 @entity1 , and shorter @entity0 survival times. CONCLUSIONS: Peptide inhibitors of CD44v6 isoforms block @entity2 growth and @entity1 in several independent models of @entity6 . The v6 peptides induced regression of @entity1 . Levels of CD44v6 mRNA are  increased, along with those of MET mRNA, in @entity0 with metastatic @entity6 , compared with nonmetastatic @entity2 ; the increased levels correlated with shorter @entity0 survival time.

title: Inhibition of Tumor Growth and XXXX in @entity6 Models by Interference With CD44v6 Signaling.

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This retrospective study was undertaken to evaluate the combined effect of immediate intravesical chemotherapy and subsequent bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin (BCG) therapy. METHODS: The study population consisted of 207 intermediate- or high-risk @entity0 with non-muscle invasive @entity2 who underwent an induction course of BCG between 1993 and 2007. We introduced single immediate instillation of 50 mg @entity3 for all cases in 2004, and thus earlier cases could be considered as historical controls. The primary endpoint was @entity4 ( @entity4 ). For cumulative analysis, we systematically reviewed studies indexed in databases. Including ours, the records of 856 @entity0 from a total of 7 studies, including ours, were finally analyzed. RESULTS: In our cohort, the 5-year @entity4 in @entity0 who received the combination therapy was 66.2%, compared to 55.2% in the BCG alone group (p = 0.149). Multivariate analysis on @entity1 recurrence showed that @entity0 with the combination therapy had a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.74 (p = 0.189). A subsequent literature review revealed that @entity4 rates in the combination groups were higher than those in the corresponding BCG alone groups in 4/7 studies (p = 0.02-0.15), and lower in 1 study (p = 0.51). We identified 5 studies which examined a HR for combination therapy, and performed a cumulative analysis. Adding a single chemo-instillation prior to BCG resulted in a significant @entity1 recurrence (summary HR 0.69, p = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis suggested that the combination of single chemo-instillation with subsequent BCG therapy exhibited an additive effect against potential @entity1 recurrence.

title: The role of single instillation chemotherapy in XXXX who receive subsequent bacillus Calmette-Gu  rin: A retrospective single centre study, and systematic review of the literature.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIM: To conduct a meta-analysis of all the studies published in literature over the past three decades on the prevalence of @entity3 in preschool @entity0 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The Pubmed data base revealed only one systematic review on the prevalence of @entity4 in @entity0 up to 5 years old. The search included works published from January 1982 to September 2012, using the following combinations of keywords: 1) " @entity3 " AND " @entity0 "; 2) " @entity3 in primary dentition"; 3) " @entity5 "prevalence". The inclusion criteria for papers on @entity4 were the deciduous dentition observed only on the palatal and buccal sides with the distinction of erosion, @entity5 . We took into consideration only randomized control trials. We excluded articles not written in English, case reports, historical and forensic studies, in vitro and in vivo studies. In case of doubt and/or when an abstract was not available, the full text copy of the article was examined. The first search on Pubmed revealed 29 articles, the same found in the study of Kreulen [2010], however we selected only multicentric studies focused on @entity0 of age below 5 years old, in which only the primary dentition (D) and only anterior teeth (incisors) were considered. RESULTS: Both forest plot and scatter plot showed the prevalence of @entity3 in primary dentition, and that older @entity0 had a more severe @entity3 . CONCLUSION: @entity3 should be considered a paediatric dentistry pathological entity as well as dental caries, and it can be related to more severe @entity1 such as @entity2 . In addition, taking care of these little @entity0 is important because they might suffer ipersentiveness, and also pulpal pathology caused by the typical structure of deciduous teeth, where the pulp cavity is wide and close to the dentine and the enamel.

title: Meta-analysis of the prevalence of XXXX in primary dentition.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The Afrotropical pouched @entity0 Saccostomus campestris displays @entity3 in the use of daily torpor; males reluctantly enter torpor. We tested the hypothesis that males may compensate for a limited heterothermic capacity with lower basal and resting metabolic rates relative to females. We also investigated the association between gonadal activity (testosterone) and the propensity for daily torpor. Body temperature and @entity1 consumption were measured at various ambient temperatures and were compared between sexes under ad libitum and restricted-diet treatments. Whereas no significant sex differences were observed in body temperature and @entity1 consumption under ad libitum treatment, there were pronounced differences in heterothermic responses under food restriction. Females employed torpor more frequently and also had lower minimum torpor body temperatures (ca. 25 degrees C) than males (ca. 29 degrees C). @entity2 inhibited torpor in males, whereas the majority of saline-treated animals employed torpor under both ad libitum and restricted-diet treatments. This study demonstrated that the limited capacity of male S. campestris to enter torpor is a consequence of reproductive activity and that opportunistic breeding and the absence of seasonal testes regression compromises the capacity to conserve energy through daily torpor.

title: Reproductive activity influences thermoregulation and torpor in pouched XXXX , Saccostomus campestris.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Currently, there is no standardized approach to the management of @entity3 in @entity0 and there are no published practice guidelines for the procurement of neuroimaging. Presented is a 2-year-old female @entity0 who experienced a 3- to 5-minute episode of staring and @entity8 twitching associated with high fever. On initial presentation, the @entity0 appeared well and had a normal neurological examination. No focus of @entity2 was identified, and she was diagnosed with @entity3 . The @entity0 was discharged home with close neurology and primary care follow-up but returned the following day with @entity7 , toxic appearance, and right lower @entity4 . Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed left-sided cranial @entity9 and the @entity0 was managed with antibiotics and surgical drainage. A literature review to answer the question "Do @entity0 with @entity3 require emergent neuroimaging?" yielded a small number of retrospective reviews describing the utility of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and lumbar puncture in the work-up of @entity3 . Current evidence indicates that neuroimaging is not indicated in an otherwise healthy @entity0 who presents with @entity3 if the @entity0 is well appearing and has no evidence of focal @entity1 on examination. As this case demonstrates, however, serious conditions such as @entity5 and @entity6 (though rare) should be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity3 and physicians should remain aware that the need for neuroimaging and/or lumbar puncture may arise in the appropriate clinical setting.

title: @entity6 Presenting as a XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: This study was designed to assess the efficacy and safety of two immunosuppressant regimens in kidney transplantation based on the administration of @entity4 -one of them with @entity4 , @entity2 , and @entity1 (n=239) and the other with @entity4 , and @entity1 (n=236). After completing the initial 3-month study, the @entity0 remaining in the study (197 and 195, respectively) were assessed for 3 years. The incidence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) episodes treated during this period was 28.8% with dual-drug therapy and 29.7% with triple-drug therapy. Late @entity3 : episodes between 4 and 36 months were scarce (3.3% in dual and 4.2% in triple therapy). Chronic rejection incidence was 7.7% and 8.9%, respectively. The @entity0 who experienced @entity3 episodes during the first 3 months developed chronic rejection more frequently than those who did not suffer @entity3 . @entity0 survival at 3 years was 95% vs 95.6%, and graft survival was 86.6% vs 86.5% (NS). Doses and blood levels of @entity4 were similar in the two groups. Adverse effects were similar among both treatment groups. Median SCr was 123.8 micromol/L vs 114.9 micromol/L in @entity0 who did experience @entity3 : 145.9 micromol/L vs 132.6 micromol/L in those with early @entity3 ; and 194.5 micromol/L vs 152 micromol/L in those who presented with late @entity3 . Need for de novo posttransplant insulin was 4.2% in the dual-drug group and 3.8% in the triple-drug cohort. These results demonstrate that, after 3 years of follow up, there were similar efficacy data among the dual- and triple-drug regimens. Thus, addition of @entity2 does not contribute any advantage in the middle term.

title: Comparison between a two-drug regimen with @entity4 and steroids and a triple one with XXXX in kidney transplantation: results of a European trial with 3-year follow up.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: A phase II trial investigated the activity and @entity2 of a bolus administration schedule of @entity3 , @entity4 ( @entity4 ), and @entity5 (LV) therapy in @entity0 with untreated advanced @entity1 . @entity0 AND METHODS: Forty-five @entity0 in this multicenter, open, nonrandomized study received @entity3 130 mg/m(2) on the first day of each course and @entity4 and LV 350 mg/m(2) and 20 mg/m(2), respectively, as a daily bolus for 5 days, every 21 days, for a maximum of six courses. RESULTS: Partial responses occurred in 18 @entity0 , giving an intent-to-treat response rate of 40.0%. Median time to response was 12.7 weeks; median duration of response was 18.4 weeks. Median progression-free survival was 5.9 months; median survival was 14 months. The independent prognostic factors for improved overall survival were good performance status and negative carcino-embryonic antigen blood level. Incidences of adverse effects were reduced after the @entity4 dose was reduced to 300 mg/m(2). Reversible @entity2 occurred in 44.4% of @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Bolus administration of @entity3 , @entity4 , and LV as first-line therapy for untreated advanced @entity1 is efficacious and safe. In addition to a more favorable safety profile, the 300 mg/m(2) dosage offered improved dose-intensity compared with the initial dosage.

title: Bolus @entity4 and @entity5 with @entity3 as first-line treatment in metastatic XXXX .

answer: @entity1