abstract: PURPOSE: To provide Dutch normal values for rehabilitation outpatients with @entity3 or @entity2 utilizing the World Health Organization Quality of Life questionnaire abbreviated version (WHOQOL-BREF) and analyse influence of diagnosis and @entity0 characteristics on normal values and increase understanding in those values. METHODS: Five hundred and forty-two outpatients were referred to a rehabilitation psychologist. Referral diagnoses were "musculoskeletal", " @entity3 ", "neurological" and "miscellaneous". Comparisons between groups were made for each of the four domains of the WHOQOL-BREF (scoring range 4-20). RESULTS: Domain scores of rehabilitation outpatients were physical domain 11.0 (  2.7), psychological domain 13.6 (  2.4), social domain 14.8 (  3.4) and environmental domain 14.2 (  2.2). Outpatients with @entity3 reported the lowest scores on the WHOQOL-BREF when compared to the "musculoskeletal", "neurological" and "miscellaneous" groups. Increased age, lower education, living alone and unemployment had a negative impact on WHOQOL-BREF scores. Compared to the general Dutch population, rehabilitation outpatients scored, unadjusted for age, significantly lower difference for the physical domain 4.5 [95  % confidence interval (CI) 4.2; 4.8], the environment domain 1.7 (95  % CI 1.5; 2.0), the psychological domain 1.1 (95  % CI 0.4; 1.2) and the social domain 0.4 (95  % CI 0.0; 0.8). CONCLUSIONS: WHOQOL-BREF scores of rehabilitation outpatients are lower and differed significantly from normal values of a Dutch population in all four domains. Therefore, the WHOQOL-BREF can be used to measure the subjective @entity1 . The subjective impact of @entity3 was found to be particularly high.

title: Quality of life in rehabilitation outpatients: normal values and a comparison with the general Dutch population and psychiatric XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Serum biomarkers for the early detection of @entity2 are not currently available. We evaluated the usefulness of a novel serum marker, @entity4 , in the diagnosis of @entity2 , as compared to @entity3 antigen (CA) 19-9. METHODS: We collected pretherapeutic sera from 92 @entity0 with @entity2 , as well as sera from 28 @entity0 with other @entity2 , 11 @entity0 with @entity2 , and 69 healthy controls. Serum levels of @entity4 were measured using a standard sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls, serum levels of @entity4 were higher in @entity2 @entity0 (P < 0.001), and in @entity0 with @entity2 (P < 0.001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis indicated that serum @entity4 performed better than serum CA19-9 for distinguishing @entity0 with @entity2 from healthy controls [areas under the curve (AUC) for @entity4 and CA19-9 were 0.922 and 0.884, respectively]. When we validated the study, the sensitivity of @entity4 for @entity2 was 94.9%, specificity was 64.0%, and accuracy was 77.5% for the @entity4 cutoff value of 3.49 ng/ml. No correlation was seen between serum @entity4 and CA19-9 levels, with the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the combined markers reaching 100.0, 60.0, and 77.5%, respectively. No significant differences were seen among any stages of @entity2 . In surgical specimens, immunohistochemical analysis found a correlation between serum @entity4 levels and @entity4 expression in @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 is expressed in @entity2 , and serum levels of @entity4 offer a useful indicator for distinguishing between @entity0 with @entity2 and healthy subjects. Serum @entity4 has potential for use as a screening serum marker for @entity2 , including @entity1 .

title: Serum tumor antigen XXXX as a diagnostic biomarker in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: In the dome of the bladder of the @entity2 muscarinic receptor stimulation has been shown to release a factor from the urothelium that exerts an inhibitory effect on the underlying smooth muscle. We examined whether the urothelium in the trigone of the bladder also releases this factor, identified which receptors stimulate its release and investigated possible cross-talk among these receptor systems in the trigone. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Paired longitudinal strips of @entity2 bladder were isolated, the urothelium was removed from 1 strip per pair and tissues were set up in gassed Krebs solution at 37C. Cumulative concentration-response curves to @entity5 , @entity3 or @entity0 were constructed. In some tissues a second @entity3 curve was constructed in the presence of 1 microM. @entity5 or 1 microM. @entity0 . In a further group of tissues the second @entity3 curve was constructed in the presence of 1 microM. @entity5 and 1 microM. @entity4 or 1 microM. @entity0 and 100 nM. @entity6 . RESULTS: In the presence of an intact urothelium contractile responses to @entity5 and @entity0 but not to @entity3 were @entity1 . In the presence of 1 microM. @entity5 or 1 microM. @entity0 the responses of intact urothelium strips to @entity3 were significantly @entity1 . This effect was absent in the presence of @entity4 and @entity6 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 and @entity0 induce the release of a urothelium derived inhibitory factor in the bladder trigone. The factor appears to mediate cross-talk between these systems and the alpha-adrenoceptor system in this region of the bladder.

title: Urothelium derived inhibitory factor and cross-talk among receptors in the trigone of the bladder of the XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We sought to assess the efficacy of facial translocation in the management of @entity1 and paranasal sinuses. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: From July 1993 to December 1999, 75 @entity0 , aged 3 to 102 years old, underwent facial translocation. Thirty-three (44%) @entity0 also underwent a combined neurosurgical procedure. Nineteen (25%) had previous surgery. These @entity0 were followed up to 6 years. RESULTS: There were 21 benign and 54 @entity1 . There were no perioperative @entity2 . The morbidity rate was 31%. Of the 54 @entity0 with @entity1 , the actuarial 3-year survival rate was 59%, whereas the local control rate was 54%. CONCLUSION: The facial translocation technique offers favorable exposure of the critical zones of the anterior and middle cranial base, thus facilitating extensive resection and reconstruction. SIGNIFICANCE: This study demonstrates that facial translocation is one of the best surgical approaches to the skull base.

title: The use of the facial translocation technique in the management of XXXX of the paranasal sinuses and skull base.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity4 after induction of general anesthesia results largely from core-to-peripheral redistribution of body heat. Both central inhibition of tonic thermoregulatory vasoconstriction in arteriovenous shunts and anesthetic-induced arteriolar and @entity2 contribute to this redistribution. @entity7 , unique among anesthetics, increases peripheral arteriolar resistance; in contrast, @entity3 causes profound venodilation that other anesthetics do not. We therefore tested the hypothesis that induction of anesthesia with @entity7 causes less core @entity4 than induction with @entity3 . Twenty @entity0 undergoing elective surgery were randomly assigned to anesthetic induction with either 1.5 mg/kg @entity7 (n = 10) or 2.5 mg/kg @entity3 (n = 10). Anesthesia in both groups was subsequently maintained with @entity5 and 60% @entity8 in @entity1 . Forearm minus finger, skin-temperature gradients <0 degrees C were considered indicative of significant @entity6 . @entity7 did not cause vasodilation just after induction, whereas @entity3 rapidly induced vasodilation. Core temperatures in the @entity0 given @entity7 remained significantly greater than those in the @entity0 induced with @entity3 . These data suggest that maintaining vasoconstriction during induction of anesthesia reduces the magnitude of redistribution @entity4 . IMPLICATIONS: @entity4 during the first hour of anesthesia was less after induction of anesthesia with @entity7 than @entity3 . Maintaining arteriovenous shunt vasoconstriction during induction of anesthesia reduces the magnitude of redistribution @entity4 .

title: Induction of anesthesia with @entity7 reduces the magnitude of redistribution XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: In 15 @entity0 (8 @entity0 , 7 @entity0 ), aged 44-81 years, with idiopathic @entity1 , the effects of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) were observed for up to 3 years. Of these @entity0 , four had been without previous levodopa treatment, five had been on levodopa/decarboxylase inhibitor for 6.4 years and six @entity0 had been on levodopa/decarboxylase inhibitor and @entity7 for a period of 7.5 years. @entity8 proved to be effective in all three groups of @entity0 and for each main symptom of the disease. @entity6 and @entity2 showed a better response than @entity4 . A decline in efficacy could be observed after 18 months of treatment. By increasing the levodopa dosage, the worsening of the symptomatology could be reduced again and after 3 years @entity0 were slightly better off than before the introduction of @entity8 . Fine motor performance showed a longer-lasting improvement than walking, which was affected by an increase of freezing. @entity8 was not fully sufficient when given in monotherapy and the levodopa saving effect was only temporary. Parallel with the decline in the therapeutic response as assessed by the rating scales, there was a worsening in the on/off symptomatology. The on/off symptoms, evaluated by @entity0 themselves, had shown very small or no improvement at the beginning of @entity8 administration, contrasting with the findings reflected in the assessment scales. The most frequent side-effects were @entity5 and @entity4 . @entity3 did not prove a problem. @entity4 were not seen during monotherapy with @entity8 in de novo @entity0 .

title: Three-year observation of @entity8 ( @entity8 ) in advanced and newly treated XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the additional analgesic efficacy of the rectal administration of @entity3 suppository compared with placebo in @entity0 undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. METHODS: A total of 40 consecutive @entity0 undergoing biopsy were enrolled in this study. @entity0 were randomized equally into two treatment groups. In group 1, @entity0 received an intrarectal 100-mg @entity3 suppository 1 hour before biopsy. In group 2, @entity0 received a glycerin suppository as a placebo intrarectally 1 hour before biopsy. All @entity0 received 10 mL of 2% @entity2 gel intrarectally 10 minutes before biopsy. A self-administrated visual analog scale was used to measure the @entity1 scores at the end of the biopsy and 2 hours and 1 day after the biopsy. RESULTS: The mean @entity0 age was 63.3 +/- 6.8 years and 61.6 +/- 6.7 years in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The mean @entity1 score in groups 1 and 2 was 3.4 +/- 1.3 versus 5.9 +/- 1.7 (P < 0.0001), respectively, at the end of the biopsy. The mean @entity1 score at 2 hours and 1 day after the procedure was 1.2 +/- 1.0 versus 3.6 +/- 1.4 (P < 0.0001) and 0.5 +/- 0.9 versus 1.4 +/- 1.3 (P = 0.017) in groups 1 and 2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Intrarectal @entity3 suppository administration is a simple, safe, and effective procedure to reduce @entity1 and improve @entity0 ' tolerance of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. We recommend intrarectal @entity3 suppository administration, together with intrarectally administered @entity2 gel, in @entity0 undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.

title: XXXX suppository administration in conjunction with @entity2 gel during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Aim. To comparably assess the perioperative risk factors that differentiate off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) grafting cases from those sustaining unplanned conversion to on-pump beating heart (ONCAB/BH) approach, in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) < 40%. Methods. Perioperative variables were retrospectively assessed in 216 @entity0 with @entity6 < 40%, who underwent myocardial revascularization with OPCAB (n = 171) or ONCAB/BH (n = 45) approach. The study endpoints were operative mortality (30-day) and morbidity assessed by length of intensive care unit stay (LOS-ICU), using 2 days as cut-off point. Results. Poor @entity6 , increased EuroSCORE II, acute presentation, @entity4 , @entity2 , perioperative @entity1 , clinical status deterioration upon admission and during ICU stay, acute @entity3 , and @entity5 supported by inotropes and/or balloon-pump counterpulsation were significantly related to ONCAB/BH group (P < 0.05). EuroSCORE II (P = 0.01) and @entity6 (P = 0.03) were the most powerful discriminative predictors of intraoperative conversion to ONCAB/BH. Operative mortality was 2.9% in OPCAB and 6.6% in ONCAB/BH group (P = 0.224), while 23.4% @entity0 in OPCAB and 42.2% in ONCAB/BH approach had a LOS-ICU > 2 days (P = 0.007). Conclusions. @entity0 with @entity6 < 40% undergoing ONCAB/BH are subjected to more preoperative comorbidities and implicated ICU stay than their OPCAB counterparts, which influences adversely short-term morbidity, while operative mortality remains unaffected.

title: A multidisciplinary approach to unplanned conversion from off-pump to on-pump beating heart coronary artery revascularization in XXXX with compromised left ventricular function.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the safety and efficacy of arm crank ergometry in @entity0 @entity1 after axillary lymph node dissection, with regard to changes in bioelectrical impedance analysis, arm circumference, muscular strength, quality of life and @entity2 . DESIGN: Randomized controlled clinical intervention trial. SUBJECTS: Forty-nine @entity1 with @entity0 after axillary lymph node dissection. METHODS: Arm crank ergometer training twice-weekly was compared with usual care over 12 weeks. RESULTS: The arm crank ergometer group improved significantly in terms of lean body mass and skeletal muscle mass, and showed a significant decrease in body fat. In the arm crank ergometer group, as well as the usual care group, a significant increase in armpit circumference was detected during the training period. The magnitude of the gain was higher in the usual care group. For all other measured regions of the arm a significant decrease in circumference was seen in both groups. Muscular strength of the upper extremity increased significantly in both groups, with a greater improvement in the arm crank ergometer group. In both groups a non-significant trend towards improvement in quality of life was observed. The arm crank ergometer group showed significant improvements in physical functioning, general @entity2 and physical @entity2 . CONCLUSION: These results confirm the feasibility of arm crank ergometer training after axillary lymph node dissection and highlight improvements in strength, quality of life and reduced arm symptoms with this training.

title: Influence of arm crank ergometry on development of lymphedema in XXXX @entity1 after axillary dissection: A randomized controlled trail.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) resulting from primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is considered harmful to the @entity0 , but its clinical significance remains unclear. This study explored the relationship of cardiac function examined by echocardiography and serum @entity4 kinase (CK) and CK-MB levels with @entity3 in a cohort of Chinese @entity1 @entity0 . MATERIAL/METHODS: We retrospectively analysed the clinical and angiographic data in 228 @entity1 @entity0 in whom the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) was successfully recanalized by primary PCI. Cardiac function was evaluated by use of echocardiography before discharge from hospital. RESULTS: The in-hospital mortality rate in the @entity3 group was 13.4% (16/119), which was significantly higher than the 4.6% (5/109) mortality rate in the non- @entity3 group (P=0.021). The median of peak serum CK level was remarkably lower in the suppression-type @entity3 group than in the non- @entity3 group. There were no significant differences in the peak serum CK or CK-MB levels between the irritation-type @entity3 group and the non- @entity3 group. The peak CK and CK-MB levels were significantly higher in the no-reflow-type @entity3 group than in the non- @entity3 group. Left ventricular ejection fraction in the no-reflow-type @entity3 group was significantly lower than in the non- @entity3 group; left ventricular end-diastolic volume was significantly higher than in the irritation-type @entity3 subgroup; and left ventricular end-systolic volume was greater than that in non- @entity3 group and suppression-type @entity3 group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 (especially the no-reflow type) may lead to @entity2 and increase the mortality rate. However, suppression- and irritation-type @entity3 may imply the existence of surviving myocardium.

title: Altered serum XXXX kinase level and cardiac function in ischemia-reperfusion injury during percutaneous coronary intervention.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: As there is no satisfying animal model simulating the @entity1 and palate anatomy in a standardized defect on one hand, and comprising the possibilities for extensive surgical procedures on the other hand, an improved fetal lamb model for cleft surgery was developed. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prior to the main study with 16 animals, a pilot study with 4 @entity0 was conducted. In the pilot study, the unilateral defect was induced at 75 days of gestation. Within 22 days the defect was repaired in 3 @entity0 ; 1 lamb remained unoperated. Disappointing results from the pilot study led to an earlier defect induction (60 to 64 days of gestation) and earlier repair (71 to 84 days) in the main study with 16 @entity0 . The subsequent delayed repair of the defect was carried out using a Tennison-Randall technique in 10 @entity0 . In 4 @entity0 the defect was repaired postnatal, using the same technique. Two @entity0 had to be excluded from the study. After being euthanized, all animals were investigated macro- and microscopically. RESULTS: According to our criteria, the esthetic results ranged from satisfactory to good. Cutis and mucosa showed a full recovery whereas subcutis and the orbicularis oris muscle showed healing with scar formation. On average the operated lips were 9% shorter and were also thinner than the contralateral control side. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, the results of the closure of a standardized lip and @entity2 in several stages of gestation were documented. Early intervention led to better esthetic results, but increased the risk of abortion by 25%. There was no prevention of scarring in subcutaneous and muscle tissue. Because there was no alignment of the orbicularis oris muscle, the goal of a functional perfect result was not achieved.

title: Prenatal @entity1 and XXXX repair in a 2-step fetal lamb model.

answer: @entity2


abstract: RATIONALE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is common in @entity0 with @entity2 , particularly resistant @entity2 . Treatment with an antihypertensive agent alone is often insufficient to control @entity2 in @entity0 with @entity1 . OBJECTIVES: To determine whether continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) added to treatment with an antihypertensive agent has an impact on blood pressure (BP) levels. METHODS: During the initial 6-week, two-center, open, prospective, case-control, parallel-design study (2:1; @entity1 /no- @entity1 ), all @entity0 began treatment with an @entity4 receptor antagonist, @entity3 , 50 mg daily. In the second 6-week, sex-stratified, open, randomized, parallel-design study of the @entity1 group, all subjects continued to receive @entity3 and were randomly assigned to either nightly CPAP as add-on therapy or no CPAP. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Twenty-four-hour BP monitoring included assessment every 15 minutes during daytime hours and every 20 minutes during the night. Ninety-one @entity0 with untreated @entity2 underwent a home sleep study (55 were found to have @entity1 ; 36 were not). @entity3 significantly reduced systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial BP in both groups (without @entity1 : 12.6, 7.2, and 9.0 mm Hg; with @entity1 : 9.8, 5.7, and 6.1 mm Hg). Add-on CPAP treatment had no significant changes in 24-hour BP values but did reduce nighttime systolic BP by 4.7 mm Hg. All 24-hour BP values were reduced significantly in the 13 @entity0 with @entity1 who used CPAP at least 4 hours per night. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 reduced BP in @entity1 , but the reductions were less than in no- @entity1 . Add-on CPAP therapy resulted in no significant changes in 24-hour BP measures except in @entity0 using CPAP efficiently. Clinical trial registered with www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00701428).   .

title: Blood Pressure Response to @entity3 and Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in XXXX and Obstructive Sleep Apnea.

answer: @entity2


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity5 with @entity5 (GPA) is a rare systemic @entity4 . While aetiology is unknown the prominent respiratory involvement suggests inhaled antigens may be involved. The aim of this study was to identify environmental risk factors associated with GPA in Canterbury, New Zealand. METHODS: A case-controlled study was undertaken. All GPA cases fulfilled American College of Rheumatology (ACR), Chapel Hill Consensus Criteria (CHCC) or the European Medicines Agency (EMA) criteria. Each case was gender matched with four controls - 2 musculoskeletal ( @entity2 or @entity0 ) and 2 respiratory ( @entity1 or @entity3 ). One musculoskeletal control and one respiratory control were age matched with the case at the time of the interview (interview) and the remaining two controls were age matched at the time their case experienced the first symptom of @entity4 (index). A structured questionnaire to assess potential environmental agents was administered without blinding for case/control status. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression to allow for the individual matching of cases and controls to assess for association between environmental factors and GPA. RESULTS: 49 cases and 196 controls were recruited. 53  % were male and the mean        standard deviation (SD) age of the cases was 64.9        12.4  years, interview controls 65.1        12.4.years and index controls 53.9        14.5  years. Any reported exposure to dust (specifically @entity6 and grain dust) was associated with GPA, @entity7 (95  % confidence interval (CI); 1.5-8.3, p   =   0.003). Occupation as a farm worker was associated with GPA OR 3.43 (1.5-7.5, p   =   0.002). Specific gardening activities were associated with GPA including digging (OR 3.2; 1.4-7.0; p   =   0.003), mowing (OR 2.7; 1.3-5.8; p   =   0.008) and planting (OR 2.6; 1.2-5.5; p   =   0.013). CONCLUSION: We have replicated findings from northern hemisphere studies identifying dust exposure as well as farm exposure as risk factors for the development of GPA. We have shown activities associated with exposure to inhaled antigens, in particular those related to farming or gardening activities may increase the risk of GPA.

title: Association between environmental exposures and @entity5 with XXXX in Canterbury, New Zealand.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) constitutes a major public health problem. Most of the acute disturbances of autonomic nervous system activity seen in clinical practice resulting from @entity4 are due to @entity3 ( @entity3 ), which precipitates a complex set of changes causing lack of food tolerance. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of @entity1 on gastric myoelectric activity in @entity5 @entity0 . MATERIAL/METHODS: 24 @entity0 (23 male, 1 female; mean age 43.6 +/- 7 yr.) hospitalized for @entity1 in the Department of Neurotraumatology were included in the study. Gastric myoelectric activity was recorded using the Synectics system (Sweden) on the 1st and 2nd day after injury. The control group consisted of healthy volunteers matched for age and gender. RESULTS: In the control group, electrogastrography (EGG) showed the percentage of time with bradygastria, normogastria and tachygastria to be 9.7 +/- 6.4, 88.3 +/- 7.6 and 2.0 +/- 3.5 respectively. The amplitude of the signal was 181 +/- 11.5 [micro V2]. In @entity1 @entity0 , the percentage of time with bradygastria and tachygastria increased to 46.5 +/- 21.8 (p=0.03) and 5.5 +/- 11.8 (p=0.001) respectively, while the duration of normogastria decreased to 47.2 +/- 20.4 (p=0.001). Highly significant changes were observed in signal amplitude, which increased to 766 +/- 550 [micro V2] (p=0.0007). There was positive correlation between GCS and normogastria (r=0.66, p<0.001) and negative correlation between GCS and bradygastria (r=-0.77, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity5 , the functional brain-gut link is altered, causing @entity2 and intolerance to feeding. Prokinetics during enteral feeding are recommended.

title: Gastric myoelectric activity in XXXX with closed head brain injury.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The responsiveness of the parabrachial region to electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve was first examined in anesthetized @entity0 . Action potentials were recorded in 30 parabrachial sites by single and train electrical pulses to the superior laryngeal nerve. The average latency, from the onset of stimulation to the first action potentials, was 9.9 ms (range, 6.5-18.8 ms). The responsiveness of parabrachial neurons to chemical stimulation of the laryngeal region was next examined using anesthetized, immobilized, and artificially ventilated @entity0 in which the @entity5 were bilaterally sectioned. Taste stimuli were applied to the laryngeal region through a tracheal tube and rinsed with 0.15 @entity2 . A total of 66 responses were recorded from 26 neurons. The most effective stimulus for these neurons was 0.03 M @entity6 , followed by 0.01 M @entity4 , 0.5 M @entity3 , 0.5 M @entity1 , and distilled water. Seven responses were derived from 0.15 @entity2 . These neurons were mainly located in a posterodorsolateral part of the parabrachial nucleus. These results suggest that chemical signals from the laryngeal region are transmitted to the parabrachial nucleus through the superior laryngeal nerve.

title: Responses of neurons in the parabrachial region of the XXXX to electrical stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve and chemical stimulation of the larynx.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Endothelial cell injury and subsequent death play an essential role in the pathogenesis of @entity2 . Autophagy of endothelial cells has a protective role against development of @entity2 , whereas the molecular regulation of endothelial cell autophagy is unclear. MicroRNA-30 ( @entity5 -30) is a known autophagy suppressor in some biological processes, while it is unknown whether this regulatory axis may be similarly involved in the development of @entity2 . Here, we aimed to answer these questions in the current study. METHODS: We examined the levels of endothelial cell autophagy in @entity4 (-/-) @entity1 suppled with high-fat diet (HFD), a @entity1 model for @entity2 (simplified as HFD @entity1 ). We analyzed the levels of @entity6 ( @entity6 , or Beclin-1) and the levels of @entity5 -30 in the purified @entity3 + endothelial cells from @entity1 aorta. Prediction of the binding between @entity5 -30 and 3'-UTR of @entity6 mRNA was performed by bioinformatics analyses and confirmed by a dual luciferase reporter assay. The effects of @entity5 -30 were further analyzed in an in vitro model using oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-treated @entity0 aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). RESULTS: HFD @entity1 developed @entity2 in 12 weeks, while the control @entity4 (-/-) @entity1 that had received normal diet (simplified as NOR @entity1 ) did not. Compared to NOR @entity1 , HFD @entity1 had significantly lower levels of endothelial cell autophagy, resulting from decreases in @entity6 protein, but not mRNA. The decreases in @entity6 in endothelial cells were due to HFD-induced increases in @entity5 -30, which suppressed the translation of @entity6 mRNA via 3'-UTR binding. These in vivo findings were reproduced in vitro on ox-LDL-treated HAECs. CONCLUSION: Upregulation of @entity5 -30 by HFD may impair the protective effects of endothelial cell autophagy against development of @entity2 through suppressing protein translation of @entity6 .

title: Endothelial Cell Autophagy in @entity2 is Regulated by @entity5 -30-Mediated Translational Control of XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity11 mycotoxins are common contaminants of @entity4 and cause several fatal @entity5 . Liver is a target organ of @entity10 in intact animals, but liver slices and primary hepatocytes, which do not proliferate in culture, are resistant to @entity11 exposure. @entity2 cell lines, on the other hand, undergo cell division in culture and are sensitive to the toxic effects of @entity10 . It was therefore hypothesized that @entity11 @entity1 is dependent on cell proliferation. To test this hypothesis, the partially hepatectomized @entity0 was used as a model to determine whether @entity11 produced greater @entity1 in rapidly proliferating liver in vivo. @entity0 were dosed intraperitoneally with @entity8 ( @entity9 ) 24 h after sham operation or partial hepatectomy (PH) and were killed 24 h later. The dose-related increase in free @entity7 bases (a biomarker of @entity11 exposure) was enhanced in the PH-treated rats. Serum @entity3 and enzymes were higher in PH-treated @entity0 dosed with @entity9 than in those given PH without @entity9 or in sham-operated, @entity9 -dosed @entity0 . Multiple daily doses of @entity9 after surgery elevated the number of apoptotic hepatocytes in both sham-operated and PH-treated @entity0 to about the same degree, suggesting that apoptosis is not associated with the enhanced @entity1 of @entity9 in regenerating liver. Proliferating cells appear to be more sensitive to the toxic effects of @entity10 . This enhanced @entity1 may be related to the increased ability of @entity10 to disrupt @entity6 metabolism in hepatectomized @entity0 , but this is yet to be determined.

title: Role of proliferation in the XXXX of @entity8 : enhanced hepatotoxic response in the partially hepatectomized @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The corpus luteum was investigated in 18 @entity0 undergoing hysterectomy. Preoperative ultrasonography with measurements was performed before the corpus luteum was extirpated, weighed, inspected and the diameters were measured. The concentrations of @entity2 and @entity1 were also determined in peripheral serum. The ultrasound pictures show that the corpus luteum has a slightly cloudy central part, which can vary from hypoechoic to hyperechoic. The peripheral part (corpus luteum 'wall') has a stronger echo and the maximal and minimal thicknesses can be measured. The results showed correlations between ultrasound measurements and anatomical measurements for wall thickness, outer diameter, inner diameter and wall area of the corpus luteum (n = 12, p < 0.02-0.0001). Moreover, all @entity5 with a @entity4 (five of 13 @entity0 ) on ultrasound scan had a cystic central structure. Based on these findings, we suggest that an ultrasound investigation of the corpus luteum in the mid-luteal phase should use the following criteria to classify it into four types. Type a: @entity4 with wall of < 3 mm; type b: hyperechoic central part with wall of < 3 mm; type c: @entity4 with wall of >or= 3 mm; and type d: hyperechoic central part with wall of >or= 3 mm. The finding of a hypoechoic central region with a thin wall (< 3 mm) may indicate @entity3 , since significantly lower serum @entity2 levels were found in @entity0 with this type of corpus luteum.

title: Investigation of the XXXX corpus luteum by ultrasonography: a proposed scheme for clinical investigation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Compensatory increases in food intake are commonly observed after a period of food deprivation in many species, including @entity1 and @entity0 . Thus it is interesting that @entity2 fail to increase food intake after a period of food deprivation, despite a fall in plasma leptin concentrations similar to those seen in food-deprived @entity1 and @entity0 . In previous laboratory studies, food-deprived @entity2 increased the amount of food hoarded. We hypothesized that leptin treatment during food deprivation would attenuate food-deprivation-induced increases in hoarding. Baseline levels of hoarding were bimodally distributed, with no hamsters showing intermediate levels of hoarding. Both high (HH) and low hoarding (LH) hamsters were included in each experimental group. Fifty-six male hamsters were either food deprived or given ad libitum access to food for 48 h. One-half of each group received intraperitoneal injections of leptin (4 mg/kg) or vehicle every 12 h during the food-deprivation period. Within the HH group, the hoarding score increased significantly in food-deprived but not fed hamsters (P < 0.05). Leptin treatment significantly decreased hoarding in the food-deprived HH hamsters (P < 0.05). The LH hamsters did not increase hoarding regardless of whether they were food deprived or had ad libitum access to food. These results are consistent with the idea that HH hamsters respond to energetic challenges at least in part by changing their hoarding behavior and that leptin might be one factor that mediates this response.

title: Food hoarding is increased by food deprivation and decreased by leptin treatment in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: We performed a phase II study combining 41.8 degrees C whole body @entity1 with ICE chemotherapy, i.e. @entity4 (5 g/m(2)), @entity6 (300 mg/m(2)) and etoposide (150 mg/m(2) on days 2 and 3), administered every 4 weeks, for @entity0 with @entity7 . Of 27 chemon  ive, non-metastatic @entity0 enrolled, 25 @entity0 were evaluable for response. Overall response rate was 20% (five partial remissions; 95% CI 8.9-39.1%). Median survival time from the start of treatment for all @entity0 was 76.6 weeks (95% CI 65.4-87.8 weeks). Progression free survival for all @entity0 measured 29.6 weeks (95% CI 24.4-34.7 weeks). One year overall survival was 68% and 2 year overall survival was 20%. Major treatment toxicities included grade 3/4 @entity5 and @entity3 in 74 and 33% of treatment cycles, respectively. One @entity0 died due to @entity2 . These promising results are consistent with continued clinical investigation; a phase III clinical trial with whole body @entity1 as the independent variable has been initiated.

title: @entity4 , @entity6 and etoposide combined with 41.8 degrees C whole body XXXX for @entity7 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is an ocular surface @entity2 that can lead to fatal @entity1 . @entity0 developing, @entity2 -associated lymphangiogenesis have a significantly increased risk of @entity1 , because @entity2 spread primarily occurs via lymphatic vessels to the draining lymph node. Here, we describe a novel immune-competent @entity3 model of @entity4 that displays @entity2 -associated lymphangiogenesis with development of @entity1 . METHODS: C57BL/6 @entity3 received C57BL/6N-derived dermal @entity4 cells ( @entity7 [ @entity7 ] @entity6 [ @entity6 ]+) or B16F10 via subconjunctival injection. A clinical score quantified primary @entity2 growth and @entity1 were identified by macroscopic examination of the draining lymph nodes, lung, and spleen. @entity2 and @entity1 was achieved by immunohistochemical staining for markers of pigmented cells ( @entity9 [ @entity9 ]) and S-100, and of cell proliferation (Ki67). The intra- and peritumoral @entity5 + blood and @entity8 ( @entity8 )+ lymphatic vessels were quantified immunohistochemically. RESULTS: All @entity3 rapidly developed aggressive @entity9 +, S100+, and Ki67+ @entity4 . @entity1 were found in the lymph node (9%) and lung (6%) of @entity7 - @entity6 R24C-treated @entity3 and in the spleen (8%) and lung (17%) of B16F10-treated @entity3 . The amount of peri- and intratumoral blood vessels was significantly increased compared with lymphatic vessels. CONCLUSIONS: This @entity4 model in immune-competent animals offers new possibilities to study the pathobiology of @entity2 growth, invasion, and mechanisms of @entity1 spread, and provides a robust model to explore new immune-based and antilymphangiogenic treatment modalities of this malignancy.

title: A Novel Model of Metastatic @entity4 in Immune-Competent XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Organophosphorus nerve agents inhibit @entity5 ( @entity5 ) which causes the breakdown of the transmitter @entity2 ( @entity3 ) in the synaptic cleft. Overstimulation of cholinergic receptors (muscarinic and nicotinic) by excessive amounts of @entity3 causes several health problems and may even cause @entity0 . Reversible @entity5 inhibitors play an important role in prophylaxis against nerve agents. The presented study investigated whether @entity6 (7-MEOTA) and 7-MEOTA- @entity4 derivatives can act as central and peripheral reversible @entity5 inhibitors and simultaneously antagonize muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. The possible mechanism of action was studied on cell cultures (patch clamp technique, @entity1 mobilization assay) and on isolated smooth muscle tissue (contraction study). Furthermore, the kinetics of the compounds were also examined. CNS availability was predicted by determining the passive blood-brain barrier penetration estimated via a modified PAMPA assay. In conclusion, this study provides promising evidence that the new synthesized 7-MEOTA- @entity4 derivatives have the desired anticholinergic effect; they can inhibit @entity5 , and nicotinic and muscarinic receptors in the micromolar range. Furthermore, they seem to penetrate readily into the CNS. However, their real potency and benefit must be verified by in vivo experiments.

title: Cholinergic properties of new XXXX - @entity4 derivatives.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 appears to be more enduring amongst @entity0 with @entity2 , suggesting that it is a more chronic problem or more poorly managed in this population. This is not helped by a lack of evidence about the effectiveness of psychological therapies for @entity0 who have @entity2 and @entity1 . Behavioural activation, which aims to counteract @entity1 by increasing individuals' level of meaningful activity and their exposure to positive reinforcers, has proven to be as effective as cognitive behavioural therapy in the general population. Given that this therapy makes fewer communicative demands and focuses on activity, it was thought that behavioural activation would be both accessible and apt for @entity0 with @entity2 , who are often socially marginalised. METHODS/DESIGN: This study is a multi-centre single-blind randomised controlled trial of behavioural activation versus a self-help attention control intervention for @entity1 in adults with mild/moderate @entity2 . The study has an internal pilot in one centre, to establish that recruitment can be built up and sustained at the required level, before being rolled out across the other sites. One hundred sixty-six @entity0 will be randomly assigned to the behavioural activation or self-help interventions, which will be delivered to individuals with mild to moderate @entity2 , accompanied by someone who provides them with regular support. Both interventions are manualised and will be delivered over a period of approximately 4  months. The primary outcome measure will be the Glasgow @entity1 Scale, a self-report measure which is completed at baseline and 4 and 12  months post-randomisation. Secondary outcomes include measures of @entity0 ' activity levels, proxy reports of @entity1 , and cost-effectiveness. DISCUSSION: The study will provide evidence about the effectiveness of behavioural activation for @entity1 , adapted for @entity0 who have mild/moderate @entity2 , and will inform the delivery of psychological therapies to @entity0 with @entity2 in practice. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Date trial registered: Nov. 13, 2012; trial registration number: ISRCTN 09753005.

title: BEAT-IT: Comparing a behavioural activation treatment for XXXX in adults with @entity2 with an attention control: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background @entity5 is generally incurable. Initial treatment is not standardized but usually includes cytotoxic chemotherapy. @entity9 , an immunomodulatory compound, and rituximab, an anti- @entity8 antibody, are active in @entity0 with recurrent @entity5 . We evaluated @entity9 plus rituximab as a first-line therapy. Methods We conducted a single-group, multicenter, phase 2 study with induction and maintenance phases. During the induction phase, @entity9 was administered at a dose of 20 mg daily on days 1 through 21 of every 28-day cycle for 12 cycles; the dose was escalated to 25 mg daily after the first cycle if no dose-limiting adverse events occurred during the first cycle and was reduced to 15 mg daily during the maintenance phase. Rituximab was administered once weekly for the first 4 weeks and then once every other cycle until disease progression. The primary end point was the overall response rate. Secondary end points included outcomes related to safety, survival, and quality of life. Results A total of 38 @entity0 were enrolled at four centers from July 2011 through April 2014. The median age was 65 years. On the basis of the Mantle Cell Lymphoma International Prognostic Index scores, the proportions of @entity0 with low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk disease at baseline were similar (34%, 34%, and 32%, respectively). The most common grade 3 or 4 adverse events were @entity6 (in 50% of the @entity0 ), @entity7 (in 29%), @entity4 (in 13%), an @entity2 (" @entity1 flare") (in 11%), @entity3 (in 11%), serum sickness (in 8%), and fatigue (in 8%). At the median follow-up of 30 months (through February 2015), the overall response rate among the @entity0 who could be evaluated was 92% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78 to 98), and the complete response rate was 64% (95% CI, 46 to 79); median progression-free survival had not been reached. The 2-year progression-free survival was estimated to be 85% (95% CI, 67 to 94), and the 2-year overall survival 97% (95% CI, 79 to 99). A response to treatment was associated with improvement in quality of life. Conclusions Combination biologic therapy consisting of @entity9 plus rituximab was active as initial therapy for @entity5 . (Funded by Celgene and Weill Cornell Medical College; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01472562 .).

title: @entity9 plus Rituximab as Initial Treatment for XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Blood pressure (BP) instability after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is a risk factor for @entity1 . The role of the operative technique in the development of post-CEA hemodynamic instability is unclear. The primary goal of this study was to systematically review the literature to determine whether @entity2 in the early postoperative period is dependent on the surgical technique used. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science through June 2016 without restrictions to language or starting date. The interventions of interest were eversion CEA (E-CEA) compared with conventional CEA (C-CEA) with or without patch plasty. The primary outcome of interest was the incidence of postoperative need for vasodilator therapy because of @entity2 in the early postoperative period, the duration of which was predefined in the individual studies. Secondary outcomes were the intergroup mean difference of the mean within-group changes of postoperative (24  hours) to baseline systolic BP, the incidence of @entity4 requiring vasopressor therapy, and the rate of complications. The odds ratio (OR) of each binary outcome was pooled across studies with its 95% confidence interval (CI). For meta-analysis of continuous outcomes, the weighted mean differences with the corresponding 95% CIs were pooled. Strength of evidence of the outcomes was judged according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) guidelines. RESULTS: We identified six studies, of which four were nonrandomized prospective and two retrospective with low to moderate risk of bias. In addition, results of a post hoc analyses of a randomized controlled trial were included, resulting in a total number of seven included studies. Duration of the postoperative study period ranged from 1 to 6  days. The meta-analysis of all studies regarding the primary outcome demonstrated increased rates of post-CEA @entity2 after E-CEA (pooled OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.82-4.16; I(2)  = 49.9%). The pooled weighted intergroup mean difference between the E-CEA and C-CEA effects on postoperative systolic BP was  +12.92  mm Hg (95% CI, 8.06-17.78; I(2)  = 93.6%; P  < .0001). @entity4 was significantly higher in the C-CEA group (pooled OR, 11.37; 95% CI, 1.95-66.46; I(2)  = 0%). There was no difference in postoperative complications including @entity5 , @entity0 , neck @entity6 , or @entity3 . Strength of evidence contributing to the primary outcome as well as the @entity4 outcome was graded as moderate and that contributing to the other secondary outcomes was graded as very low. CONCLUSIONS: E-CEA increases the risk for post-CEA @entity2 , whereas C-CEA is more often associated with @entity4 , Careful BP monitoring at least in the early postoperative period after CEA is mandatory, especially when the eversion technique is used.

title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of postcarotid endarterectomy XXXX after eversion versus conventional carotid endarterectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: The @entity3 ( @entity3 ) frequently results in a fibroproliferative response that precludes effective alveolar repair. @entity1 ( @entity6 ), a potent epithelial and mesenchymal cell mitogen, may modulate the response to @entity4 . In this study, we determined whether bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) concentrations of @entity6 are increased during the first 2 wk after the onset of @entity3 and, if so, whether increased @entity6 levels in lavage fluid are associated with increased levels of procollagen peptide III (PCP III), a biological marker of fibroproliferation, and with increased fatality rates. We enrolled 74 consecutive @entity0 with @entity3 prospectively identified on admission to the intensive care unit of a tertiary care hospital, and 11 @entity0 with chronic @entity2 . Thirteen healthy volunteers served as control subjects. @entity6 concentrations were measured in BALF recovered on Days 3, 7, and 14 after the onset of @entity3 (total of 130 lavage samples). @entity6 was detected in the lavage fluid of 90% of @entity0 with @entity3 (67 of 74), and in 100% of @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) (10 of 10), but in none of 13 normal volunteers. At each day tested, the median lavage @entity6 level of @entity0 with @entity3 was significantly higher than that of normals. The overall fatality rate was 45% (33 of 74 @entity0 ). In a univariate analysis, the median @entity6 levels in nonsurvivors were 1.5-fold higher at Day 7 (p = 0.06) and 1.8-fold higher at Day 14 (p = 0.048). The fatality rate was 4 times higher (CI 1.6, 17.5) for @entity0 with both increased lavage @entity6 and PCP III concentrations at Day 7 than for @entity0 with low @entity6 and PCP III values, indicating a synergistic relationship between @entity6 and PCP III. We conclude that increased levels of @entity6 in BALF are common in @entity0 with @entity3 and that lavage @entity6 is associated with a marker of the fibroproliferative response in sustained @entity3 .

title: Elevated @entity1 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of XXXX with @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Nocturnal paroxysmal arousals with @entity1 have been described in a few individuals, and their possible @entity2 origin as @entity7 has been suggested. However, the clinical and polysomnographic differentiation from @entity4 and physiologic movements during sleep have not been clarified yet. In this study, we evaluated a group of @entity0 with nocturnal @entity1 and tried to characterize paroxysmal arousals. Thirty-four @entity0 (mean [+/-SD] age 22.7 [+/-12.9] years) noting nocturnal motor @entity3 or behaviors and 12 healthy controls (mean age 24.1 [+/-3.1] years) underwent nocturnal polysomnography with video-tape recording and @entity1 analysis. Arousals with motor attacks were classified as minimal, minor, or major depending on semiology, complexity, and duration of behaviors. All @entity0 showed several minimal (e.g., scratching or rubbing the nose and the head) and minor (e.g., pelvic thrusting or swinging with dystonic component) attacks, and 53% also had major episodes (e.g., sudden elevation of the head and trunk from the bed with complex behaviors) occurring mainly in non-rapid eye @entity6 . In all the @entity0 , motor attacks were characterized by stereotypy, sudden onset, short duration, and repetitiveness. In 80%, @entity2 were found. All control subjects showed motor events, but they were fewer, slower, nonstereotyped, and semiologically different from the @entity0 '. No significant difference in conventional sleep parameters between the two groups were found. Paroxysmal arousals with @entity1 probably represent a particular form of @entity5 rather than an unusual @entity4 . The semiologic characteristics of these type of arousals are difficult to recognize and differentiate from physiologic movements or @entity4 without video-polygraphic analysis.

title: Nocturnal paroxysmal arousals with XXXX during sleep: @entity5 or @entity4 ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Mastermind-like domain containing 1 ( @entity5 ) is a causative gene for the fetal development of male external genitalia. Almost 10% of @entity0 with both severe and non-severe @entity3 exhibit mutations of @entity5 . The aim of this work was to determine whether polymorphisms of @entity5 are a genetic risk factor for @entity3 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study included 150 @entity3 with a range of severities and 150 controls. Direct sequencing of the @entity5 coding exons and their flanking splice sites was performed. In silico secondary and tertiary structure prediction and accessibility of changed @entity2 were evaluated using JPred, Netsurf and PHYRE software. Functional studies of the transactivation of haplotypes on @entity4 promoter were performed in  vitro using cDNAs of missense variants of @entity5 . RESULTS: The @entity6 polymorphism was identified in 17/150 @entity0 and 12/150 controls (11.3% vs. 8.0%, p  =  0.32). The @entity7 polymorphism was identified in 22/150 @entity0 and 12/150 controls (14.6% vs. 8.0%, p  =  0.068). The double polymorphism (S-S haplotype) was present in 16/150 @entity0 and 6/150 controls (10.6% vs. 4.0%, p  =  0.044, OR  =  2.87, CI from 1.09 to 7.55). The association of polymorphisms consistently revealed a modification in the structure prediction or @entity1 accessibility in all three in silico models. The @entity6 , @entity7 and @entity6  +  @entity7 proteins did not exhibit reduced transactivating activity on @entity4 promoter. CONCLUSION: Polymorphisms of @entity5 gene are frequent in @entity0 with @entity3 . Although no change in transactivation was noted on @entity4 promoter, the in silico studies and the significantly increased incidence of the S-S haplotype in hypospadiac @entity0 raise the hypothesis of a particular susceptibility conferred by these variants.

title: Polymorphisms of XXXX gene in @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: RATIONALE: In response to injury, the rodent heart is capable of virtually full regeneration via cardiomyocyte proliferation early in life. This regenerative capacity, however, is diminished as early as 1 week postnatal and remains lost in adulthood. The mechanisms that dictate postinjury cardiomyocyte proliferation early in life remain unclear. OBJECTIVE: To delineate the role of @entity6 , a regulator of age-associated physiology, in regulating cardiac regeneration secondary to @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in neonatal and adult @entity0 hearts. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity2 was induced in neonatal and adult hearts through experimental @entity3 via coronary ligation. Adult hearts demonstrated overt cardiac structural and functional remodeling, whereas neonatal hearts maintained full regenerative capacity and cardiomyocyte proliferation and recovered to normal levels within 1-week time. As early as 1 week postnatal, @entity6 expression was found to have increased and was maintained at high levels throughout the lifespan. Intriguingly, 7 days after @entity3 , @entity6 levels further increased in the adult but not neonatal hearts. Delivery of a @entity6 mimic to neonatal hearts prohibited both cardiomyocyte proliferation and subsequent cardiac recovery post @entity3 . Conversely, locked nucleic acid-based anti- @entity6 treatment diminished post- @entity3 @entity6 upregulation in adult hearts and significantly improved post- @entity3 remodeling. In isolated cardiomyocytes, we found that @entity6 directly regulated cell cycle activity and @entity1 via modulation of its targets, including @entity4 , @entity5 , and @entity7 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 is a critical regulator of cardiac repair and regeneration post @entity3 in neonatal hearts. Modulation of @entity6 may be harnessed for cardiac repair in adult myocardium.

title: MicroRNA-34a Plays a Key Role in Cardiac Repair and Regeneration Following XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intramedullary clavicle fixation is a potential alternative to plate fixation. Previous studies documenting the complication rates of intramedullary clavicle fixation have demonstrated variable rates of soft tissue complications and @entity3 healing. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We asked the following questions: (1) Does use of the Rockwood Clavicle @entity4 (DePuy Orthopaedics Inc, Warsaw, IN) predispose @entity0 to soft tissue complications requiring additional surgery or a high infection risk? (2) Does the Rockwood Clavicle @entity4 provide a truly minimally invasive insertion technique and reliable @entity3 fixation? @entity0 AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 18 @entity0 (mean age, 31 years) who sustained a closed midshaft @entity3 of the clavicle treated with open intramedullary nailing with a Rockwood Clavicle @entity4 . We determined the incidence of complications and rate of @entity3 healing. RESULTS: Fourteen complications occurred in 10 @entity0 . Five @entity0 experienced a complication with @entity3 healing, including three nonunions. Nine @entity0 experienced complications relating to soft tissue, including @entity1 , or posterior @entity2 from @entity4 prominence. CONCLUSIONS: The Rockwood Clavicle @entity4 remains a historically relevant method of clavicle fixation. However, due to an unacceptably high rate of nonunion, repeat operation, and soft tissue complications, we do not recommend this device for treating @entity3 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Excessive complications of open intramedullary nailing of midshaft @entity3 with the Rockwood Clavicle XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Changes in @entity3 concentration and osmolality in lateral ventricle cerebrospinal fluid (c.s.f.) caused by intracarotid infusion of hypertonic solutions were measured in conscious @entity2 . Intracarotid infusion (1.5 ml X min-1) of 1.0 or 2.0 mol X kg-1 or @entity0 4.0 mol X kg-1 produced significant increased in osmolality and increases in @entity3 concentration of the c.s.f. 5 and 10 min after the beginning of the infusion. No significant effect was seen following intracarotid infusion of 0.15 M- @entity1 . Only intracarotid @entity1 1.0 or 2.0 mol X kg-1 caused significant drinking. Blood osmolality was significantly increased by the two hypertonic @entity1 solutions as well as by hypertonic @entity0 . In conclusion, drinking in @entity2 following peripheral administration of hypertonic solutions is probably due to an osmoreceptor mechanism. A c.s.f. @entity3 receptor mechanism is unlikely because hypertonic @entity1 or @entity0 both increased the @entity3 concentration in c.s.f. but only the osmotically effective @entity1 solution produced significant drinking.

title: Osmotically induced drinking in the XXXX : an osmoreceptor or a @entity3 receptor mechanism?

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity0 with @entity5 have increased risk of @entity10 . It is already known that lifestyle-related disorders and the use of antipsychotics are closely related with the progression of @entity10 in @entity4 @entity0 . @entity2 as well as @entity8 play an important role in the cause of @entity7 in Asia and Japan. Thus, we studied the prevalence of @entity3 in @entity4 inpatients in Japan using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHOD: This cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to December 2013. Study @entity0 were 152 hospitalized @entity0 (61 @entity0 and 91 @entity0 ) in the Department of Psychiatry at Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa City, Japan. Mean ages were 50.0 and 57.1 years old for @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. The diagnoses (DSM-IV-TR criteria) of @entity0 were @entity5 (69.1%), @entity11 (18.4%), and other @entity4 (12.5%). We checked physical status, metabolic status of @entity9 and lipid levels, and brain MRI within 1 week of admission. RESULTS: The study group showed a significantly high prevalence of @entity1 and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterolemia in both sexes (n = 61 in @entity0 , n = 91 in @entity0 , P < .05). In the study group, serum fasting plasma @entity9 and hemoglobin A1c levels were significantly high (n = 152, P < .05), but serum HDL @entity6 and total @entity6 were significantly low in both sexes (n = 61 in @entity0 , n = 90 in @entity0 , P < .05), and @entity12 were low in @entity0 (n = 61, P < .05). Silent @entity13 was recognized at a higher rate (n = 98, P < .05) compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 in this study had an increased ratio of silent @entity13 compared with Japanese healthy controls, accompanied with higher ratios of @entity1 and low HDL @entity6 .

title: Increased Silent Brain Infarction Accompanied With High Prevalence of @entity1 and Dyslipidemia in XXXX Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a constellation of clinical and radiologic findings. Fluctuations in blood pressure, @entity3 , and reversible brain MRI findings mainly in posterior cerebral white matter are the main manifestations. @entity1 has been associated with multiple conditions such as @entity5 , pregnancy, organ transplant, and @entity10 ( @entity10 ). Case Presentation. A 22-year-old @entity0 with history of @entity8 complicated with @entity4 secondary to @entity9 class IV presented with recurrent @entity3 and uncontrolled @entity2 . She was found to have @entity6 and @entity7 . Repeat kidney biopsy showed diffuse endocapillary and extracapillary proliferative and membranous @entity9 (ISN-RPS class IV-G+V) and endothelial swelling secondary to severe @entity2 but no evidence of @entity10 . Brain MRI showed reversible @entity1 that resolved after controlling the blood pressure, making @entity1 the diagnosis. Conclusion. @entity1 is an important entity that must be recognized and treated early due to the potential reversibility in the early stages. Physicians must have high suspicion for these unusual presentations. We present a case where performing kidney biopsy clinched the diagnosis in our @entity0 with multiple confounding factors.

title: XXXX , Recurrent @entity3 , and @entity7 in a Young @entity0 with @entity9 : A Diagnostic Dilemma.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: @entity0 colic is a prevalent physiological event of healthy @entity0 under 3 months of age, which can disrupt the @entity0 's home environment. Despite its benign natural history, sometimes it requires a therapeutic approach. There is limited evidence supporting the use of complementary and alternative treatments. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a mixture of standardized extract of matricariae Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity2 (H122) compared with @entity1 (DSM 17938) and with @entity3 for the treatment of infantile colic. @entity0 AND METHODS: A multicenter prospective, randomized comparative study was conducted involving 133 @entity0 with colic, according to Rome III criteria, who were assigned at random to receive Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity2 (H122) (Group A; n=45), @entity1 DSM 17938 (10 CFU) (Group B; n=45) or @entity3 (GroupC; n=43). Treatment was given to subjects for 21 days and they were followed for 4 weeks. Treatment success was assessed at the end of study period. Daily crying and fussing times were recorded in a structured diary, and maternal questionnaires were completed to monitor changes in @entity0 colic symptoms and adverse events. RESULTS: Treatment success was observed in 30 out of 45 @entity0 (66.7%) of @entity0 in Group A, while it was seen in 31 out of 45 @entity0 (68.9%) of Group B and in 19 out of 43 (44.2%) of subjects of Group C (  : 6.8; p=0.03). Mean daily crying time was more significantly reduced (from 211.3  40 min/day to 69.6  59 min/day) in the Group A and in Group B (from 201.6  32.5 min/day to 58.1  48.9 min/day) when compared with Group C (from 199.5  32 min/day to 106  56.5 min/day) (p<0.01, p=0.006 respectively). No significant difference was observed comparing Group A and B (p=0.4). No adverse events were reported in any group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that administration of Chamomilla L., Melissa Officinalis L. and tyndallized @entity2 (H122) and @entity1 DSM 17938 are significantly more effective than @entity3 in improving colic symptoms. Therefore, the use of herbal supplements may represent a new therapeutic strategy in the management of colicky @entity0 .

title: PP-12 EFFICACY OF A STANDARDIZED EXTRACT OF MATRICARIAE CHAMOMILLA L., MELISSA OFFICINALIS L. AND TYNDALLIZED @entity2 (H122) COMPARED WITH XXXX (DSM 17938) AND WITH @entity3 FOR THE TREATMENT OF INFANTILE COLIC.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relation between left ventricular (LV) remodeling and @entity2 after @entity1 is poorly documented. We investigated the relations between LV size, @entity4 , and function and @entity2 in 263 @entity0 from the Survival and Ventricular Enlargement (SAVE) study, using quantitative 2D echocardiography and ambulatory ECG monitoring after @entity1 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Transthoracic 2D echocardiograms and @entity2 monitoring were performed at baseline (mean, 11 days) and 1 and 2 years after @entity5 . LV size, short-axis muscle (mass) area (LVMA), and function were quantified from 2D echocardiograms. The prevalence of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and frequent @entity6 ( @entity6 [ @entity6 ] >10/h) was assessed from ambulatory ECG. @entity3 and @entity6 >10/h occurred in 20% and 29% of @entity0 at baseline, in 22% and 35% at 1 year and 23% and 39% at 2 years, respectively. @entity3 and @entity6 >10/h at baseline and 1 and 2 years were significantly related to LV size, LVMA, and function. Furthermore, changes in LV size and function from baseline to 2 years predicted both @entity3 and @entity6 >10/h. The study was underpowered to detect treatment effect of ACE inhibitors and beta-adrenergic receptor blockers but did not alter the relations between @entity2 , LV size, and function. CONCLUSIONS: Quantitative echocardiographic assessment of LV size, LVMA, and function and changes in these measurements over time predict @entity2 after @entity5 . Altered LV architecture and function during postinfarction LV remodeling provide an important substrate for triggering high-grade @entity2 .

title: Left ventricular remodeling and @entity2 after XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the rate of early (first trimester) and late (second and third trimester) fetal loss in @entity0 who are @entity2 homozygous. METHODS: Between December 1995 and February 2007, consecutive, unrelated white @entity0 who were @entity2 homozygous and who had been pregnant at least once were recruited from 10 French hemostasis units. For reasons of comparison, we included @entity0 who were @entity2 heterozygous and a group of noncarriers. The frequency of early and late fetal loss was assessed retrospectively and compared among the three groups. The effect of concomitant @entity1 was evaluated. The overall pregnancy outcome was reported. RESULTS: We analyzed 240 thromboprophylaxis-free pregnancies in 95 @entity0 who were @entity2 homozygous, 425 in 195 @entity0 who were @entity2 heterozygous, and 182 in 73 @entity0 who were noncarriers. The risk of late fetal loss was higher in @entity0 who were homozygous (13/95, 13.7%) compared with those who were noncarriers (1/73, 1.4%, odds ratio 11.41, 95% confidence interval 1.46-89.46, P=.002), whereas it was similar in @entity0 who were heterozygous and in noncarriers (6/195, 3.1% compared with 1/73, 1.4%, P=.68). The percentage of @entity0 with early fetal loss was similar in the three groups (P=.81). The live-birth rate was 80%, 84%, and 85%, respectively, for @entity0 who where homozygous, heterozygous, and noncarriers (P=.88). CONCLUSION: The @entity2 homozygous genotype increases the risk of late fetal loss. However, the overall likelihood of a positive outcome is high in our series of @entity0 who were homozygous. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: XXXX homozygous genotype and pregnancy outcomes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Dietary patterns with @entity1 have been recommended, but the relative contributions of individual foods and food components, alone or in combination, remain undefined. Male @entity10 (-/-) @entity0 were fed either a purified AIN-93G control diet, a @entity11 ( @entity11 ), or a @entity11 with 10% @entity3 powder (TP), 2% soy germ (SG), or the combination, for 4 wk (n = 10 per group). Plasma total @entity2 and @entity6 were measured with enzymatic colorimetric kits, and @entity14 ( @entity14 ) was measured by ELISA. Liver lipids were extracted with @entity9 : @entity5 , and @entity6 , free and esterified @entity2 measured with enzymatic colorimetric kits. Expression of @entity16 , @entity15 , @entity12 , and @entity13 in the liver was determined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Sections of the aortic root and aorta were cut and stained with @entity7 and @entity8 (H_E) to assess extent of @entity4 . @entity11 -fed animals had greater liver and adipose weights, plasma @entity2 and @entity14 , hepatic lipids, and @entity4 than AIN-93G animals. TP and SG did not decrease @entity4 as measured by H_E-stained sections of the aortic root, aortic arch, and descending aorta. The TP diets further increased plasma @entity2 , but also led to increased expression of the @entity12 /8 transporters involved in @entity2 efflux. Addition of SG alone to the @entity11 attenuated @entity11 -induced increases in plasma @entity2 , liver lipids, and gonadal adipose weight. The results of this study do not support the use of either TP or SG for reduction of @entity4 , but suggest some beneficial effects of SG on lipid metabolism in this model of @entity1 .

title: Effects of XXXX and Soy Germ on Lipid Bioaccumulation and @entity4 in @entity10 (-/-) @entity0 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Recently, @entity0 serotypes 6C and 6D have been identified. It is thought that they emerged by the replacement of wciN(b) in the capsular loci of serotypes 6A and 6B, respectively. However, their evolution has not been unveiled yet. To investigate the evolution of four serotypes of @entity2 serogroup 6, four genes of the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) locus, wchA, wciN, wciO, and wciP, of isolates of @entity2 serotypes 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D were sequenced. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was performed to investigate their genetic backgrounds. The wchA gene of serotype 6C and 6D isolates was distinct from that of serotype 6A and 6B isolates, which may suggest cotransfer of wchA with wciN(b). Otherwise, serotypes 6C and 6D displayed different genetic backgrounds from serotypes 6A and 6B, which was suggested by MLST analysis. In addition, serotype 6C isolates showed distinct wciP polymorphisms from other serotypes, which also indicated that serotype 6C had not recently originated from serotype 6A. Although serotype 6D shared the same @entity1 polymorphisms of wciO with serotype 6B, wciP of serotype 6D differed from that of serotype 6B. The data indicate the implausibility of the scenario of a recent emergence of the @entity3 locus of serotype 6D by genetic recombination between serotypes 6B and 6C. In addition, five serotype 6A and 6B isolates (6X group) displayed @entity3 loci distinct from those of other isolates. The @entity3 locus homogeneity and similar sequence types in MLST analysis suggest that most of the 6X group of isolates originated from the same ancestor and that the entire @entity3 locus might have recently been transferred from an unknown origin. Serotype 6B isolates showed two or more @entity3 locus subtypes, indicating a recombination-mediated mosaic structure of the @entity3 locus of serotype 6B. The collective data favor the emergence of @entity3 loci of serotypes 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D by complicated recombination.

title: Comparison of capsular genes of XXXX serotype 6A, 6B, 6C, and 6D isolates.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is often delayed in @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . Serum total @entity4 levels are inversely associated with @entity3 . However, no studies have examined whether this can be used as a biochemical marker for identifying asymptomatic @entity1 @entity0 at higher risk for having obstructive @entity3 . METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study of 460 consecutive asymptomatic @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 . All @entity0 underwent coronary computed tomographic angiography, and their serum total @entity4 levels were measured. Obstructive @entity3 was defined as >= 50% diameter stenosis in at least one coronary artery. RESULTS: Serum total @entity4 tertiles showed an inverse association with the prevalence of obstructive @entity3 . In multivariate logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio for the highest versus the lowest tertile of total @entity4 was 0.227 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.130 to 0.398), and an increment of 1  mol/L in serum total @entity4 level was associated with a 14.6% decrease in obstructive @entity3 after adjustment for confounding variables. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that the area under the curve for the Framingham Risk Score (FRS) plus serum total @entity4 level was 0.712 (95% CI, 0.668 to 0.753), which is significantly greater than that of the FRS alone (P=0.0028). CONCLUSION: Serum total @entity4 level is inversely associated with obstructive @entity3 and provides additive risk information over the FRS. Serum total @entity4 may be helpful for identifying asymptomatic @entity0 with @entity2 2 @entity1 who are at higher risk for obstructive @entity3 .

title: Serum Total @entity4 Levels Provide Additive Risk Information over the Framingham Risk Score for Identifying Asymptomatic @entity1 XXXX at Higher Risk for Coronary Artery Stenosis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: There remains a proportion of @entity0 with unfavorable outcomes after @entity3 , of particular relevance in those who present with a good clinical grade. A forewarning of those at risk provides an opportunity towards more intensive monitoring, investigation, and prophylactic treatment prior to the clinical manifestation of advancing @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: To assess whether biochemical markers sampled in the first days after the initial @entity4 can predict poor outcome. METHODS: All @entity0 recruited to the multicenter @entity6 in @entity4 Trial (STASH) were included. Baseline biochemical profiles were taken between time of ictus and day 4 post ictus. The t-test compared outcomes, and a backwards stepwise binary logistic regression was used to determine the factors providing independent prediction of an unfavorable outcome. RESULTS: Baseline biochemical data were obtained in approximately 91% of cases from 803 @entity0 . On admission, 73% of @entity0 were good grade (World Federation of Neurological Surgeons grades 1 or 2); however, 84% had a Fisher grade 3 or 4 on computed tomographic scan. For @entity0 presenting with good grade on admission, higher levels of @entity5 , @entity2 , and white blood cells and lower levels of hematocrit, albumin, and hemoglobin were associated with poor outcome at discharge. @entity5 was found to be an independent predictor of outcome for @entity0 presenting in good grade. CONCLUSION: Early recording of @entity5 may prove useful in detecting those good grade @entity0 who are at greater risk of clinical deterioration and poor outcome.

title: Elevated Baseline @entity5 as a Predictor of Outcome After @entity3 : Data From the @entity6 in XXXX (STASH) Trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: Mastectomy is necessary for 40% of the @entity4 in situ. If @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is systematically proposed, 81% of the @entity1 would choose immediate versus delayed breast reconstruction, but the actual @entity0 rate is only approximately 50% of them. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify objective characteristics that distinguish the @entity1 who actually underwent @entity0 from those who did not. METHODS: Several criteria of 248 @entity1 who have undergone mastectomy for @entity4 were analyzed. Factors studied were age, body mass index, @entity2 , @entity3 use, and weight of the specimen of resection. RESULTS: The rate of @entity0 was 43%. An increase in age and weight of the resection specimen, irrespective of the body mass index, was associated with a lower rate of @entity0 . Thus, an increase of 100  g in the weight of the breast induces a significant reduction of the @entity0 (33%). CONCLUSIONS: In our series, older @entity1 or @entity1 with larger breasts (irrespective of the body mass index) were less likely to undergo @entity0 . In order to be in line with the @entity1 's desire, the surgeons of our unit should broaden their indications of @entity0 . The lack of reconstruction of large breasts should certainly be compensated in part with the recent development of free tissue transfers in our unit. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.

title: @entity1 age and breast resection weight affect immediate postmastectomy breast reconstruction in XXXX in situ.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To evaluate the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and intraocular pressure (IOP) of premature @entity0 and to document correlation of them with gestational age, chronological age, and birth weight of @entity0 . Using a hand-held applanation tonometer and a portable pachymeter, IOP and @entity2 of 170 premature @entity0 were measured just before initial @entity1 of @entity3 screening examination and re-measured 4  weeks after the first visit. The @entity2 and IOP were positively correlated during the first (r  =  0.616, p  <  0.001) and second (r  =  0.564, p  <  0.001) visits. The mean @entity2 at first and second visits were 568.1      22.1 (527-628) and 561.6      21.4 (520-619)   m, consecutively (p  <  0.001). Gestational age, chronological age and birth weight of @entity0 were found to be negatively correlated with @entity2 at first (r  =  -0.751, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.745, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.581, p  <  0.001, consecutively) and second (r  =  -0.729, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.729, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.555, p  <  0.001, consecutively) visits. The mean IOP at first and second visits were 14.1      1.9 (11-19) and 13.7      1.7 (11-18) mmHg, consecutively (p  <  0.001). Gestational age, chronological age, and birth weight of @entity0 were found to be negatively correlated with IOP at first (r  =  -0.724, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.715, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.558, p  <  0.001, consecutively) and second (r  =  -0.704, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.703, p  <  0.001; r  =  -0.518, p  <  0.001, consecutively) visits. @entity2 and IOP of the premature @entity0 with a smaller gestational age were found to be higher (p  <  0.001 for both). Premature @entity0 with smaller gestational age have higher @entity2 and IOP values when compared to older @entity0 . These values tend to become lower 4  weeks after the first examination as @entity0 become older. The @entity2 and IOP were positively correlated with each other and both were negatively correlated with gestational age, chronological age, and birth weight during first and second visits.

title: Central corneal thickness and intraocular pressure in premature XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 as determined by quantitative MRI can be used to characterize disease progression in @entity1 . Many studies have addressed white matter (WM) alterations leading to @entity2 , while changes of the cerebral cortex have been studied to a lesser extent. In vivo, the cerebral cortex has been difficult to study due to its complex structure and regional variability. Measurement of cerebral cortex thickness at different disease stages may provide new insights into grey matter (GM) pathology. In the present investigation, we evaluated in vivo cortical thickness and its relationship to disability, disease duration, WM T2 hyper-intense and T1 hypo-intense lesion volumes. High-resolution MRI brain scans were obtained in 20 @entity0 with clinically definite @entity1 and 15 age-matched normal subjects. A novel method of automated surface reconstruction yielded measurements of the cortical thickness for each subject's entire brain and computed cross-subject statistics based on the cortical anatomy. Statistical thickness difference maps were generated by performing t-tests between @entity0 and control groups and individual thickness measures were submitted to analyses of variance to investigate the relationship between cortical thickness and clinical variables. The mean overall thickness of the cortical ribbon was reduced in @entity1 @entity0 compared with controls [2.30 mm (SD 0.14) versus 2.48 mm (SD 0.11)], showing a significant main effect of group (controls versus @entity0 ). In @entity0 , we found significant main effects for disability, disease duration, T2 and T1 lesion volumes. The visualization of statistical difference maps of the cortical GM thickness on inflated brains across the cortical surface revealed a distinct distribution of significant focal thinning of the cerebral cortex in addition to the diffuse cortical @entity2 . Focal cortical thinning in frontal [2.37 mm (SD 0.17) versus 2.73 mm (SD 0.25)] and in temporal [2.65 mm (SD 0.15) versus 2.95 mm (SD 0.11)] brain regions was observed, even early in the course of the disease or in @entity0 with mild disability. @entity0 with longstanding disease or severe disability, however, presented additionally with focal thinning of the motor cortex area [2.35 mm (SD 0.19) versus 2.74 mm (SD 0.15)]. We conclude that in vivo measurement of cortical thickness is feasible in @entity0 suffering from @entity1 . The data provide new insight into the cortical pathology in @entity1 @entity0 , revealing focal cortical thinning beside an overall reduction of the cortical thickness with disease progression.

title: Focal thinning of the cerebral cortex in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: to investigate an outbreak of community-associated @entity3 -resistant @entity2 (CA- @entity2 ) USA300 in a hospital setting, and the effect of infection control measures. DESIGN: outbreak investigation and retrospective chart review. SETTING: local inpatient and outpatient clinic. @entity0 : all @entity0 with a history of skin and soft tissue infections with culture-confirmed @entity3 -resistant @entity2 USA 300 infection from September, 2014, through June, 2015. INTERVENTIONS: an outbreak investigation with a "search and destroy" policy was carried out. A review of infection control practices was conducted. Chart reviews were conducted to study the management and outcomes of the @entity0 . Infection control measures included education and cultures of skin colonization sites (anterior nares, pharynx, perineum). Specific decontamination schemes for uncomplicated and complicated carriers were enforced. Separate decontamination schemes for neonates and @entity0 under 5  years of age were implemented. RESULTS: between September 2014 and June 2015, 12 clinical cases and six carriers were identified. Of the twelve clinical presentations with positive cultures, eight were @entity0 . Of the four @entity0 who had a relapse, three were @entity0 (75%). After outbreak investigation and infection control measures have been implemented, three persistent carriers remained. A policy of periodic screening, consultation, and watchful waiting for @entity1 was instituted for these @entity0 . No new cases linked to the CA- @entity2 outbreak have since been reported. CONCLUSION: we report the first Belgian outbreak of CA- @entity2 USA300 in this article. A strict search and destroy strategy and continued surveillance are required in the management of CA- @entity2 USA300.

title: USA300, A strain of community-associated @entity3 -resistant XXXX , crossing Belgium's borders: outbreak of skin and soft tissue infections in a hospital in Belgium.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A mild and controlled acute inflammatory reaction in hamster cheek pouch was created without any exogenous, but rather by locally activated and liberated, mediators. A pressure of 60 mm Hg was applied to part of the everted cheek pouch eight times with a 10-min recovery period in between. The microvascular response was followed by intravital microscopy and the permeability changes were monitored with intravital fluoroscopy and intravenous @entity2 dextran (mol wt 150,000). The number of extravasated polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) was calculated by a new, whole tissue, histological technique. In three experimental groups (-)- @entity4 ( @entity1 -receptor agonist) 0.05 mg/100 g body wt., @entity4 0.05 mg/100 g body wt., and @entity3 2 mg/100 g body wt. was given intravenously before pressure was applied. A fourth group, with no drug given, served as control. There was a rapid increase in the number of @entity2 dextran leakages and extravasated PMNLs in the control group. @entity3 almost completely inhibited @entity2 dextran permeability and extravasation of PMNLs. The @entity1 agonist markedly diminished the number of @entity2 dextran leakages for 75 min. The number of extravasated PMNLs was also reduced. Treatment with @entity4 , which is supposed to have no @entity1 -receptor effect, gave a slight reduction in number of @entity2 dextran leakages and almost a complete inhibition of PMNL extravasation. Thus we conclude that @entity3 is a very potent antiinflammatory agent even in the early phase of @entity0 . @entity4 diminished the inflammatory response, probably by preventing endothelial gap formation. @entity4 prevented PMNL extravasation either by interaction with the PMNL itself or with the endothelium.

title: @entity3 , XXXX ( @entity1 agonist), and @entity4 in acute @entity0 induced by repeated ischemia in hamster cheek pouch.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Daily patterns of animal behavior are potentially of vast functional importance. Fitness benefits have been identified in nature by the association between individual timing and survival or by the fate of individuals after experimental deletion of their circadian pacemaker. The recent advances in unraveling the molecular basis of circadian timing enable new approaches to natural selection on timing. The investigators report on the effect and fate of the mutant @entity1 (Brdm1) allele in 4 replicate populations of house @entity0 in a seminatural outside environment over 2 years. This allele is known to compromise circadian organization and entrainment and to cause multiple physiological disturbances. @entity0 (N=250) bred from @entity1 (Brdm1) heterozygotes were implanted subcutaneously with transponders and released in approximately Mendelian ratios in four 400 m(2) pens. An electronic system stored the times of all visits to feeders of each individual. The study first demonstrates that @entity0 are not explicitly nocturnal in this natural environment. Feeding activity was predominantly and sometimes exclusively diurnal and spread nearly equally over day and night under the protective snow cover in winter. The effect of @entity1 (Brdm1) on activity timing is negligible compared to seasonal changes in all genotypes. Second, the @entity1 (Brdm1) allele did not have persistent negative effects on fitness. In the first year, the allele gradually became less frequent by reducing survival. New cohorts captured had the same @entity1 (Brdm1) frequency as the survivors from previous cohorts, consistent with an absence of an effect on reproduction. In the second year, the allele recovered to about its initial frequency (0.54). These changes in selective advantage were primarily due to female @entity0 , as females lived longer and the sex ratio dropped to about 25% males in the population. While it is unknown which selective advantage led to the recovery, the results caution against inferences from laboratory experiments on fitness consequences in the natural environment. It also demonstrates that the activity of @entity0 , while strictly nocturnal in the laboratory, may be partially or completely diurnal in the field. The new method allows assessment of natural selection on specific alleles on a day-today basis.

title: Lab XXXX in the field: unorthodox daily activity and effects of a dysfunctional circadian clock allele.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relationship between @entity1 and @entity6 , and to determine the clinical spectrum of @entity2 in such @entity0 . METHODS: Seventy-five @entity0 with @entity1 underwent auditory examinations. The subjects comprised 35 males and 40 females. Fourteen females had @entity4 . Another 75 schoolchildren with the same gender profile were selected for audiometric testing as a control group. @entity0 with sonographically evident urogenital system abnormalities were excluded from the control group. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity1 (4/75) (5.3%) was higher than in the control group (0%). The prevalence in @entity0 with @entity3 was significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity1 than in the normal population (28.5%). Audiometric results showed that four of the 75 @entity0 manifested ipsilateral @entity5 , particularly in the high-frequency range. All were females with coexisting @entity3 . Two were diagnosed with mild @entity5 while the other two had moderate @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study suggest that @entity2 was found to be associated with @entity1 . Further audiometric follow-up of @entity0 with @entity1 seems worthwhile.

title: @entity6 associated with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preclinical studies suggest that @entity2 receptors are expressed by airway vagal afferent nerves and contribute to the hypersensitisation of sensory neurons. @entity2 receptors could mediate sensitisation of the cough reflex, leading to chronic cough. We aimed to investigate the efficacy of a first-in-class oral @entity2 antagonist, @entity3 , to reduce cough frequency in @entity0 with refractory chronic cough. METHODS: We did a double-blind, placebo-controlled, two-period, crossover study at one UK centre. With a computer-generated sequence, we randomly assigned @entity0 with refractory chronic cough to @entity3 , 600 mg twice a day, or to placebo (1:1), and then, after a 2 week washout, assigned @entity0 to receive the other treatment. @entity0 , health-care providers, and investigators were masked to sequence assignment. We assessed daytime cough frequency (primary endpoint) at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment using 24 h ambulatory cough recordings. The primary analysis used a mixed effects model with the intention-to-treat population. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01432730. FINDINGS: Of 34 individuals assessed between Sept 22, 2011, and Nov 29, 2012, we randomly assigned 24 @entity0 (mean age 54  5 years; SD 11  1). In the observed case analysis, cough frequency was reduced by 75% when @entity0 were allocated to @entity3 compared when allocated to placebo (p=0  0003). Daytime cough frequency fell from a mean 37 coughs per h (SD 32) to 11 (8) coughs per h after @entity3 treatment versus 65 (163) coughs per h to 44 (51) coughs per h after placebo. Six @entity0 withdrew before the end of the study because of taste disturbances, which were reported by all @entity0 taking @entity3 . INTERPRETATION: @entity2 receptors seem to have a key role in mediation of cough @entity1 . Antagonists of @entity2 receptors such as @entity3 are a promising new group of antitussives. FUNDING: Afferent Pharmaceuticals.

title: XXXX receptor antagonist ( @entity3 ) in refractory chronic cough: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: In order to observe the expression of Fas, @entity1 and @entity3 and apoptosis of bone marrow @entity4 (+) cells in @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and to explore the relation between the expression of these antigens and apoptosis, the expression of Fas, @entity1 and @entity3 and apoptosis of bone marrow @entity4 (+) cell were evaluated by flow cytometry in 26 @entity0 with @entity5 including 9 cases of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 1 case of @entity2 with ringed sideroblasts (RAS), 9 cases of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and 7 cases of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), 10 @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and 6 control @entity0 with normal bone marrow. The results showed that the expression of Fas and @entity1 of @entity4 (+) cells significantly increased in all types of @entity5 @entity0 compared with control group (P < 0.01). The expression of @entity3 on @entity4 (+) cells in @entity2 and @entity2 @entity0 was much higher as compared with that in control group (P < 0.01), but there was no significant difference between @entity2 /RAS @entity0 and control group (P > 0.05). The expression rates of Fas on @entity4 (+) cells were almost identical in all kinds of @entity5 , but there was significant difference on the expression of @entity3 ( @entity2 /RAS < @entity2 < @entity2 ). Apoptosis of @entity4 (+) cells significantly increased in @entity2 /RAS and @entity2 @entity0 compared with control group (P < 0.01), but there was no difference between @entity2 and control group. Moreover, apoptosis of @entity4 (+) cells in control much higher than that in @entity6 group (P < 0.01). There was no correlation between the expression of Fas or @entity1 and apoptosis on @entity4 (+) cell of @entity5 @entity0 . Nevertheless, there was a negative correlation between the expression of @entity3 and apoptosis. It is concluded that apoptosis of @entity4 (+) cells was affected by a lot of factors in @entity5 , in which @entity3 is an important factor of depressing apoptosis. During the progress from @entity5 to @entity6 , apoptosis changes from overgoing to deficiency in @entity4 (+) cell.

title: [Expression of Fas, XXXX and @entity3 and apoptosis of bone marrow @entity4 + cells in @entity0 with @entity5 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The presence in serum of antibodies to viral antigens is generally considered a well-defined marker of past @entity1 or vaccination. However, analyses of serological data that use a cut-off value to classify individuals as seropositive are prone to misclassification bias, in particular when studying infections with a weak serological response, such as the sexually transmitted @entity2 ). METHODS: We analyzed the serological concentrations of HPV @entity3 (HPV16) antibodies in the general Dutch population in 2006-2007, before the introduction of mass vaccination against HPV. We used a 2-component mixture model to represent @entity0 who were seronegative or seropositive for @entity3 . Component densities were assumed to be log-normally distributed, with parameters possibly dependent on sex. The age-dependent mixing proportions were smoothed using penalized splines to obtain a flexible seroprevalence profile. RESULTS: Our results suggest that @entity3 seropositivity is associated with higher antibody concentrations in @entity0 as compared with @entity0 . Seroprevalence shows an increase starting from adolescence in @entity0 and @entity0 alike, coinciding with the age of sexual debut. Seroprevalence stabilizes in @entity0 around age 40, whereas it has a decreasing trend from age 50 onwards in @entity0 . Analyses that rely on a cut-off value to classify @entity0 as seropositive yield substantially different seroprevalence profiles, leading to a qualitatively different interpretation of @entity3 @entity1 dynamics. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide a benchmark for examining the effect of @entity3 vaccination in future serological surveys. Our method may prove useful for estimating seroprevalence of other infections with a weak serological response.

title: Estimating Seroprevalence of XXXX Using a Mixture Model with Smoothed Age-dependent Mixing Proportions.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this survey was to determine the range of surgical objectives, strategies, and outcomes of primary cytoreductive operations performed by gynecologic oncologists. METHODS: A survey addressing the definition of "optimal" cytoreduction, the use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, disease sites precluding optimal cytoreduction, reasons optimal cytoreduction or cytoreduction to a visibly disease-free outcome is or is not accomplished, the use of 15 specific operative procedures, and attitude toward postfellowship training in the surgical management of advanced @entity1 was mailed to candidate and full members of the Society of Gynecologic Oncologists. Analysis of discrete and binomial data utilized the chi(2) and independent samples t tests. Logistic regression confirmed relationships between responses and both the definition of optimal cytoreduction and the attitudes toward postfellowship training. RESULTS: Three hundred ninety-three (61.4%) of 640 physicians provided utilizable data. A median of 95% of @entity0 were reported to be operated on primarily and 5% were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P < 0.0001). A median of 9 (range 0-15) of the surveyed procedures were utilized. Forty-seven (12.0%) respondents defined optimal cytoreduction as no @entity2 , 54 (13.7%) used a 5-mm threshold, 239 (60.8%) used a 1-cm threshold, and 48 (12.6%) utilized a 1.5- to 2.0-cm threshold. Small dimensions of @entity2 (0-5 mm versus 1-2 cm) defined optimal cytoreduction for physicians indicating that fewer disease sites precluded optimal cytoreduction (P = 0.02), using a larger number of the surveyed procedures (P = 0.04), and in practice longer (P = 0.001). Three hundred seventeen (83.9%) of 378 respondents favored development of postfellowship training in cytoreductive surgery. Physicians against postfellowship training used fewer of the surveyed procedures because of concerns about efficacy (P = 0.01). More recent fellowship graduates favored postfellowship training (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: A range of surgical objectives, strategies, procedures used, and outcomes exists among gynecologic oncologists. Confirmation of the efficacy of cytoreductive surgery may cultivate a consensus about the most appropriate therapeutic objective and strategy for advanced @entity1 . Cooperative efforts should be undertaken to offer postfellowship training.

title: What are the current surgical objectives, strategies, and technical capabilities of gynecologic oncologists treating XXXX ?

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The precise etiology of border zone @entity5 is controversial. @entity2 due to @entity3 (ICA) is suggested as a cause of border zone @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To investigate changes in prevalence and volume of @entity1 border zone lesions over time in @entity0 with occlusive disease of the ICA after 1 year of follow-up. DESIGN: Follow-up study. SETTING: Referral center. @entity0 : Fifty-eight @entity0 with an occlusion of the ICA were included. At baseline, @entity6 were classified on magnetic resonance imaging, and vasomotor reactivity was assessed with transcranial Doppler ultrasonography with @entity4 challenge. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in prevalence and volume of @entity6 were monitored and were correlated with @entity4 reactivity at baseline. RESULTS: No significant changes in the prevalence of any @entity5 types were observed after 1 year of follow-up in the hemispheres ipsilateral or contralateral to the @entity3 . However, in hemispheres ipsilateral to an occluded ICA, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone @entity5 (P =.002). In hemispheres with a low @entity4 reactivity, we found an increase in mean volume of internal border zone lesions after 1 year ( @entity4 reactivity, <or=18%, P =.02 and 19%-35%, P =.02). These changes were not observed for external border zone lesions. CONCLUSION: The association between impaired vasomotor reactivity and an increase in @entity1 lesion volume in the internal border zone suggests a hemodynamic component.

title: Prevalence and volume of internal border zone lesions in XXXX with impaired cerebral @entity4 vasomotor reactivity: a follow-up study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Temporary @entity7 or pseudotattoos have become increasingly widespread among @entity0 and adolescent. A generalized skin reaction, type @entity5 is unusual, and rarely reported. We describe the case of a 7-year-old @entity0 who reported erythematous papular bull's-eye shaped lesions and consolidated @entity1 primarily in the upper and lower extremities. These lesions were compatibles with @entity5 . He also showed an @entity2 on his leg, shaped like a dolphin. In this area, a temporary henna tattoo was painted 1-month earlier. Patch test was positive for @entity3 ( @entity6 ). Skin reactions due to henna are rare. Most of the reactions are due to additives, especially @entity6 , an @entity4 derivative, which is added to speed up the process of skin dyeing and to give a darker brown to black color ("black" henna). As @entity7 are becoming increasingly popular, prevention requires the annual provision of information to consumers, especially young @entity0 and their parents.

title: XXXX -like Secondary to @entity3 Due to Henna Tattoo Plus Residual Hypopigmentation.

answer: @entity5