abstract: @entity1 remains a problem in the management of @entity2 , particularly in the immunocompromised host. Signs and symptoms are non-specific, colonization is difficult to distinguish from invasive disease, @entity4 are commonly negative and @entity0 are often unable to undergo invasive diagnostic procedures. This situation has led to the strategy of initiating empirical therapy in the high-risk @entity0 . A variety of tests has been applied to several body fluids. At the simplest level, the clinician must be familiar with the appearance of various fungi in tissue. Non-culture methods include antibody- and antigen-based assays, metabolite detection and molecular identification. The latter includes PCR identification of fungal DNA from body fluid samples using conserved or specific genome sequences. Detection of glucan in blood has been achieved using crab amoebocyte lysate. With @entity5 , predictive clinical correlates have been defined, respiratory tract cultures are highly predictive of invasive disease in the appropriate setting and certain CT scan findings enable early diagnosis. Bronchoalveolar lavage is also very useful. Galactomannan antigen testing of blood is routine in some European centres, with EIA methodology supplanting agglutination because of apparently greater sensitivity. PCR has been made specific by genus-specific probes, with 100% sensitivity and reasonable specificity. In candidosis, the number of sites of colonization correlates with invasion. Tests for mannan antibodies and antigenaemia are currently of interest. Metabolite assays appeared promising but have not been pursued commercially. In cryptococcosis, pronase treatment of serum has reduced false positives and false negatives, and improved reproducibility of titres. Birdseed agar improves culture specificity. In @entity6 , serology is the exemplar for all mycology. Gene probes have accelerated diagnosis by culture. In histoplasmosis, the antigenuria test's high sensitivity and specificity has dispelled the chronic @entity3 in interpreting antibody test results.

title: Diagnosis of XXXX : current status.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A retrospective review of all hepatic @entity4 identified at autopsy over the 24-year period 1977-2000 at the University Hospital of the West Indies (UHWI), Kingston, Jamaica, was conducted. Post mortem and microbiology records were reviewed. Data collected included age, gender, predisposing factors, organisms isolated, number of @entity4 and associated conditions, such as @entity1 . Data for the adults was analyzed separately. Thirty-nine cases of pyogenic @entity4 were identified from 7480 post-mortems. Thirty-three occurred in adults of mean age 59.5 years. Sixty per cent of the @entity4 were solitary. @entity3 was the predisposing factor in 33% of cases. Six per cent were cryptogenic: 11/33 @entity0 were @entity1 and these were significantly older than non- @entity1 (p < 0.014) @entity6 was the most common organism isolated from @entity1 (6.9). Only 2/33 @entity4 were diagnosed ante-mortem. The @entity4 in @entity0 were more frequently multiple and associated with @entity5 . Gram positive cocci were the commonly isolated organisms in @entity0 . There were no cases of amoebic abscess. The prevalence of @entity2 was low. @entity1 was a significant contributing factor. A high index of clinical suspicion is therefore warranted particularly in elderly @entity1 .

title: XXXX at the University Hospital of the West Indies. A 24-year autopsy review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: AIMS: There is increasing evidence suggesting that @entity2 plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, as well as in the neuroendocrine and reproductive systems. @entity2 is synthesized in the @entity0 placenta. The aim of this study was to relate serum @entity2 levels during pregnancy to @entity1 tolerance, body mass index (BMI) and specific metabolic variables, such as specific insulin and @entity3 . METHODS: A 2-h 75 g oral @entity1 tolerance test was performed in 221 pregnant @entity0 at 22-29 weeks of gestation (median 25th week). Serum @entity2 was measured using a radioimmunoassay. In 49 @entity0 , sequential @entity2 measurements were performed (during pregnancy and post partum (median 5 months)). RESULTS: During pregnancy serum @entity2 was significantly related to body weight (r = 0.49), BMI (r = 0.51), fasting immunoreactive insulin (r = 0.46), specific insulin (r = 0.43) and @entity3 (r = 0.29) (all P-values <0.0001). In @entity0 with mild @entity4 (GDM, n = 55), @entity2 levels were lower compared to @entity0 with normal @entity1 tolerance (n = 166) after adjusting for BMI and fasting insulin (26.9 vs. 19.4 ng/ml, P = 0.0001). @entity2 was significantly higher during pregnancy compared to post partum (mean +/- SE: 24.3+/-1.5 vs. 19.6+/-1.6 ng/ml, P = 0.0003), even after adjustment for changes in BMI and changes in fasting insulin (P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2 levels are elevated in pregnancy. @entity0 with mild GDM presented with relative hypoleptinaemia compared to @entity0 with normal @entity1 tolerance.

title: Relative hypoleptinaemia in XXXX with mild gestational diabetes mellitus.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pleural effusion may complicate acute Stanford type B aortic dissection ( @entity5 ). AIMS: To identify the relationships between the quantity and side of the @entity4 , biomarkers and outcomes in @entity0 with @entity5 . METHODS: We undertook a retrospective review of 105 @entity0 with @entity5 . Their demographics, the data on admission and during hospital stay, the volume of @entity4 calculated from the area on computed tomography images and clinical outcomes were analysed. RESULTS: The median estimated peak volume (median 6.7 days after onset) was 129 ml (63-192, range 26-514 ml) on the left and 11 ml (6-43, range 2-300 ml) on the right. On univariate analysis, the volume of bilateral effusions was associated with @entity3 , hypoalbuminaemia and inflammatory markers, whereas the volume of left-sided effusions was associated with older age, low diastolic blood pressure and maximum aortic diameter. Multivariate analysis revealed that hypoalbuminaemia was independently associated with bilateral effusion volume (P<0.001), while maximum aortic diameter was associated with left-sided effusion volume (P=0.019). A greater volume of bilateral plural effusion was associated with longer intensive care unit stay. CONCLUSIONS: Larger bilateral @entity4 in @entity0 with @entity5 were associated with hypoalbuminaemia and potentially with @entity3 and @entity1 , and may increase the length of intensive care unit stay. Left-sided effusion volume appears to be influenced by the nature of the @entity2 . Multiple mechanisms may underpin the development of @entity4 in @entity5 , and are likely to influence clinical outcomes.

title: Clinical implications of @entity4 in XXXX with acute type B aortic dissection.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a well-documented treatment of @entity1 . Little is known about potential effects of @entity6 on the risk of other chronic immune-related diseases. Over the years, a few casuistic reports have caused concern that @entity6 might act as a trigger of @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: We aimed to investigate the association of @entity6 with the incidence of @entity5 and @entity4 ( @entity4 ), as well as all-cause mortality. METHODS: All Danish citizens without other known diseases were linked and followed through central registries on medications and hospital admissions. @entity0 receiving @entity6 and @entity0 receiving conventional allergy treatment (CAT; nasal @entity2 or oral antihistamines) were compared with regard to mortality and development of @entity5 , @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and @entity4 . Cox regression (survival analysis) with age as the underlying time scale was used to estimate relative risks (hazard ratios [HRs] with 95% CIs) associated with @entity6 compared with CAT adjusted for age, sex, vocational status, and income. RESULTS: During the 10-year study period (1997-2006), a total of 18,841 and 428,484 @entity0 were followed in the @entity6 and CAT groups, respectively. Receiving @entity6 was associated with lower mortality (HR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.62-0.81) and lower incidence of @entity3 (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.52-0.93), @entity4 (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.73-1.05), and @entity5 (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.74-0.99). CONCLUSION: In this registry-based observational study, receiving @entity6 compared with CAT was associated with lower risk of @entity5 and @entity3 , as well as decreased all-cause mortality.

title: Association of subcutaneous allergen-specific immunotherapy with incidence of @entity5 , XXXX , and mortality.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The diagnosis of pediatric @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is based on clinical criteria. Even though chest x- @entity5 (CXR) is only recommended in severe cases, it is often requested from physicians in mild cases, thus increasing radiation exposure. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is not included in the diagnostic workup. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of @entity3 against CXR. METHODS: @entity0 who presented to the emergency department with clinical signs suggesting @entity4 and had already been evaluated with a CXR were included in the study. Availability of a pediatric sonographer expert in @entity3 was also considered a criterion for participation. Chest x- @entity5 and @entity3 were considered positive for @entity4 in cases of alveolar or interstitial pattern of disease. The diagnostic criterion standard was the ex post diagnosis of @entity1 , made by an independent senior expert pediatrician, after evaluation of the complete medical chart. RESULTS: Sixty-nine @entity0 were enrolled in the study, with 66 of 69 positive for @entity4 . Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis results for CXR were 95.5% sensitivity and 100% specificity, whereas for @entity3 , sensitivity was reported 92.42% and specificity 100%. Comparison of the 2 receiver operating characteristic curves revealed no difference in the diagnostic value of the 2 methods for the diagnosis of @entity1 (P = 0.658). However, @entity3 classified more cases as @entity2 compared with CXR. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 plays a significant role in the detection of @entity4 , not inferior to CXR. The aim of this study was to encourage the use of ultrasound as a first-line examination for @entity4 in @entity0 .

title: Lung Ultrasound as First-Line Examination for the Diagnosis of @entity4 in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: [Purpose] To investigate the effects of Phase II cardiac exercise therapy (CET) on exercise capacity and changes in coronary risk factors (CRFs) of @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ). [Subjects] Thirty male subjects with @entity3 were divided into an experimental group (EG) and a control group (CG). Another 30 age-matched subjects with patent coronary arteries served as a normal-control group (NCG). [Methods] Subjects in EG (n=20) trained using a stationary bicycle for 30   min at their target heart rate twice a week for 8 weeks. Exercise capacity was defined as the maximal @entity2 ( @entity2 ) that subjects reached during the symptom-limited maximal exercise test. HR, BP and RPP were recorded. Subjects in EG and CG received exercise tests and screening for CRFs at the beginning of, end of, and 3 months after Phase II CET, while subjects in NCG participated only in the 1st test. [Results] @entity2 of CG did not improve until the 3rd test, while RPP at the 2nd test showed a significant increase. However, EG showed increased @entity2 at the 2nd test without increase of RPP, and increased their high density lipoprotein @entity1 (HDL-C) during the follow-up period between the 2nd and 3rd tests. [Conclusion] Phase II CET shortens the recovery time of exercise capacity, helps to maintain the gained exercise capacity and increases HDL-C in phase III.

title: Supervised Phase II Cardiac Exercise Therapy Shortens the Recovery of Exercise Capacity in @entity0 with Acute XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the efficacy of percutaneous nucleoplasty using coblation technique for the treatment of chronic nonspecific @entity3 ( @entity3 ), after 5 years of follow-up. METHODS: From September 2004 to November 2006, 172 @entity0 underwent percutaneous nucleoplasty for chronic @entity3 in our department. Forty-one of these @entity0 were followed up for a mean period of 67 months. Nucleoplasty was performed at L3/4 in 1 @entity0 ; L4/5 in 25 @entity0 ; L5/S1 in 2 @entity0 ; L3/4 and L4/5 in 2 @entity0 ; L4/5 and L5/S1 in 7 @entity0 ; and L3/4, L4/5, and L5/S1 in 4 @entity0 . @entity0 were assessed preoperatively and at 1 week, 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years postoperatively. @entity1 was graded using a 10-cm Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and the percentage reduction in @entity1 score was calculated at each postoperative time point. The @entity2 Index (ODI) was used to assess disability-related to lumbar spine degeneration, and @entity0 satisfaction was assessed using the modified MacNab criteria. RESULTS: There were significant differences among the preoperative, 1-week postoperative, and 3-year postoperative VAS and ODI scores, but not between the 3- and 5-year postoperative scores. There were no significant differences in age, sex, or preoperative symptoms between @entity0 with effective and ineffective treatment, but there were significant differences in the number of levels treated, Pfirrmann grade of @entity4 , and provocative discography findings between these two groups. Excellent or good @entity0 satisfaction was achieved in 87.9% of @entity0 after 1 week, 72.4% after 1 year, 67.7% after 3 years, and 63.4% at the last follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Although previously published short- and medium-term outcomes after percutaneous nucleoplasty appeared to be satisfactory, our long-term follow-up results show a significant decline in @entity0 satisfaction over time. Percutaneous nucleoplasty is a safe and simple technique, with therapeutic effectiveness for the treatment of chronic @entity3 in selected @entity0 . The technique is minimally invasive and can be used as part of a stepwise treatment plan for chronic @entity3 .

title: Percutaneous Nucleoplasty Using Coblation Technique for the Treatment of Chronic Nonspecific Low Back XXXX : 5-year Follow-up Results.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the evidence regarding the effect of time of gluten introduction and breastfeeding on the risk of developing @entity1 ( @entity1 ). STUDY DESIGN: We included randomized controlled trials and observational studies evaluating the proper timing for introducing gluten to the @entity0 diet, the appropriate quantity of gluten consumption at weaning, and the effect of breastfeeding on @entity1 risk. Studies were located through the electronic databases Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and System for Information on Grey Literature in Europe (SIGLE). Two independent authors collected the data. RESULTS: A total of 1982 studies were identified, 15 of which were eligible for data extraction. A meta-analysis was performed on 2 randomized controlled trials, 10 cohort studies, and 1 case-control study. There was a 25% increase in @entity1 risk with late (>6  months) vs recommended (4-6  months) gluten introduction (risk ratio [RR], 1.25; 95% CI, 1.08-1.45). There was no significant effect of breastfeeding vs no breastfeeding on @entity1 risk (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.28-1.10), with substantial heterogeneity (I(2)  =  92%) among studies. CONCLUSION: There is currently no evidence to support that early introduction of gluten to the @entity0 diet increases the risk of @entity1 ; however, late introduction of gluten may be associated with increased risk of @entity1 . More studies are needed that control for potential confounders and that evaluate environmental factors in low-risk families.

title: Gluten Introduction to XXXX Feeding and Risk of Celiac Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: There is growing evidence for a gut-brain connection associated with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). This suggests a potential benefit from introduced digestive enzymes for @entity0 with @entity3 . METHODS: We performed a double-blind, randomized clinical trial on 101 @entity0 with @entity3 (82 @entity0 and 19 @entity0 ) aged from 3 to 9 years. @entity3 @entity0 were diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity2 4th edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR) diagnostic criteria. Structured interviews of at least one hour each both with the parents and the @entity0 were performed. Later on, another two hours-session was conducted applying the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). @entity3 @entity0 were randomized to receive digestive enzymes or placebo. RESULTS: The @entity3 group receiving digestive enzyme therapy for 3 months had significant improvement in emotional response, general impression autistic score, general behavior and gastrointestinal symptoms. Our study demonstrated the usefulness of digestive enzyme in our population of @entity3 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Digestive enzymes are inexpensive, readily available, have an excellent safety profile, and have mildly beneficial effects in @entity3 @entity0 . Depending on the parameter measured in our study, we propose digestive enzymes for managing symptoms of @entity3 . Digestive enzyme therapy may be a possible option in treatment protocols for @entity3 in the future.

title: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial of Digestive Enzymes in XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Donor-derived @entity3 can be associated with severe complications in transplant recipients. Donor-derived @entity7 has been described in kidney transplant recipients where contamination of the preservation fluid (PF) was a commonly proposed source. In liver transplantation, these @entity3 have been less explored. The aim of this study was therefore to determine the incidence and clinical relevance of Candida contamination of preservation fluid in the context of liver transplantation. A 5-year (2008-2012) retrospective multicentre study involving six French liver transplantation centers was performed to determine the incidence of Candida PF contamination. Postoperative clinical features, outcomes in recipients, and risk factors for Candida-related complications of liver transplantation were studied. Candida sp. was isolated from 28 of 2107 preservation fluid samples (1.33%). @entity6 was the most common @entity4 (n  =  18, 64%). Twenty-two recipients (78.5%) received antifungal therapy (echinocandins in 68%) for 7-37  days. Eight @entity0 developed @entity4 -related complications (28.6%) including hepatic @entity5 (n  =  6) and @entity2 (n  =  2). The 1-year mortality rate among @entity0 after a @entity4 -related complication was 62.5%. The incidence of Candida PF contamination was low, but was associated with @entity1 and high mortality. Close radiological follow-up may enable early recognition of the arterial complications associated with PF contamination by Candida.

title: XXXX after Candida preservation fluid contamination in liver transplant recipients.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and @entity3 are often managed with intrathecal @entity4 treatment (ITB). Complications of ITB include @entity1 at the pump or catheter site and late complications as well as revisions of the pump and catheter because of events such as battery expiration or implant malfunction. The goal of this study is to report the short-term and long-term incidence, risk factors, and treatment outcomes of @entity1 in @entity0 . METHODS: This was a retrospective review of 294 @entity0 with @entity2 . The number of ITB surgeries per @entity0 , risk of @entity1 for primary and secondary ITB-related procedures, microorganisms responsible, and associated factors, such as concurrent orthopaedic interventions, medical comorbidities, and subsequent management of ITB-related @entity1 , were evaluated. RESULTS: Infection occurred in 28/294 @entity0 (9.5%) with a 4.9% rate per procedure. There were 14 acute (within 90 d of surgery) and 14 late @entity1 . The @entity1 risk per ITB procedure was 2.4%. Risk of late @entity1 over 5-year mean follow-up was 0.95% per year. Pump removal with acute contralateral implantation was the most successful treatment of @entity1 . Gross Motor Function Classification System level V and G-tube were the main risk factors for @entity1 . A total of 133 concurrent orthopaedic procedures were performed during 277 ITB procedures with no increased risk of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: ITB in @entity0 with @entity2 has a relatively low and manageable risk of @entity1 . It is important to always consider @entity1 as a complication with ITB because with prompt treatment the positive impact of ITB is still possible. It is safe to perform concurrent orthopaedic procedures with ITB procedures. LEVELS OF EVIDENCE: Level III-therapeutic study.

title: Infection as a Complication of Intrathecal @entity4 Treatment in XXXX With @entity2 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is one of the major complications in @entity0 undergoing long-term hemodialysis. To the best of our knowledge, an @entity10 occurring at the level of preexisting cervical @entity9 has not been well described in the literature. We report a unique case of @entity6 caused by an @entity10 occurring at the same level of preexisting cervical @entity9 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 49-year-old @entity0 was transferred to our emergency department with 5  days of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity6 below the C5 level. The @entity0 had a medical history of hemodialysis for 10  years. Magnetic resonance imaging showed @entity7 by an @entity10 at the level of preexisting cervical @entity9 . Blood culture revealed @entity8 -sensitive @entity3 . Infection of the arteriovenous (AV) shunt was considered as the primary focus of @entity2 and @entity5 . We performed an emergent open door laminoplasty and the vascular team debrided the infected AV shunt site. Approximately 8  months after surgery, the @entity0 was able to perform activities of daily living somewhat independently. CONCLUSIONS: Emergent surgical decompression and intensive medical care led to successful recovery from a septic and quadriplegic state in this @entity0 . When diagnosing a @entity0 who has undergone long-term hemodialysis presenting with @entity1 , the possibility of @entity5 at the same level as @entity9 should be considered.

title: XXXX caused by an @entity10 occurring at the same level of cervical @entity9 : a case report.

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the analgesic efficacy and the opioid-sparing effect of oral @entity6 compared with intramuscular (IM) @entity5 in tonsillectomy. METHODS: Seventy-seven adult @entity0 were randomized into 2 groups: group R (n = 39), which received a single oral preoperative dose of @entity6 50 mg, and group K (n = 38), which received 2 IM doses of @entity5 100 mg (before surgery and after 12 hours). In both groups, additional IM @entity4 1 mg/kg was given. All @entity0 received general anesthesia. A @entity2 score (visual analog scale, 0 to 100) was assessed both at rest and during swallowing at 30 minutes and at 4, 8, 12, 16, and 24 hours after operation. If the @entity2 score exceeded 40, @entity0 were given @entity4 as rescue analgesia. RESULTS: The @entity2 scores during rest and swallowing in group R were significantly lower (p < .05) than those of group K at 4, 8, and 12 hours after operation. @entity4 was given as rescue medication in significantly more @entity0 of group K (76%) than of group R (38%; p < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Oral premedication with @entity6 seems to be more effective than use of @entity5 in decreasing @entity3 and the need for opioid rescue medication after elective tonsillectomy. Both drugs seem to be relatively safe as far as @entity1 is concerned.

title: Preoperative administration of XXXX versus @entity5 for @entity2 relief after tonsillectomy.

answer: @entity6


abstract: 50 @entity0 (mean age 53.8 +/- 9.2 years) were studied at 1.5 to 2 months (U1), 12 months (U2) and 24 months (U3) after acute @entity1 . Late potentials were registered at the body surface using the signal-averaging technique and a digital Butterworth filter with high pass cut-off frequencies DC, 25, 50, 100 Hz and a low pass cut-off frequency 300 Hz, 18 db/octave, and a 24-hour ECG was recorded. All @entity0 underwent coronary angiography at U1. Late potentials were found at least once during the observation period in 56% of @entity0 , and 18% of @entity0 demonstrated late potentials at all three examinations but up to 38% at one of the three examinations. Complex @entity2 (Lown class IV) were found at least once in 48% of @entity0 and at all three examinations in 18% but up to 38% at one of the three examinations. Only four @entity0 demonstrated late potentials and complex @entity2 at all three examination dates. In contrast, 36% of @entity0 showed neither late potentials nor complex @entity2 at all three examinations. When late potentials and complex @entity3 were present simultaneously, the former were most often detected at the cut-off frequencies DC, 25 to 300 Hz (p less than 0.05). The median of the duration of late potentials was significantly longer at @entity4 when complex @entity3 were also present. There was a significant relation between late potentials and complex @entity3 at @entity4 (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.025) and between the latter and disorders of regional wall motion at all examination dates (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Follow-up of late potentials and complex XXXX following @entity1 over a 2-year period].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Video-assisted thoracoscopic (VATS) lobectomy is increasingly accepted for the management of early-stage @entity6 ( @entity6 ), but its role for locally advanced @entity1 has not been as well characterized. We compared outcomes of @entity0 who received induction therapy followed by lobectomy, via VATS or thoracotomy. METHODS: Perioperative complications and long-term survival of all @entity0 with @entity6 who received @entity7 ( @entity7 ) (with or without induction radiation therapy) followed by lobectomy from 1996-2012 were assessed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard analysis. Propensity score-matched comparisons were used to assess the potential impact of selection bias. RESULTS: From 1996 to 2012, 272 @entity0 met inclusion criteria and underwent lobectomy after @entity7 : 69 (25%) by VATS and 203 (75%) by thoracotomy. An 'intent-to-treat' analysis was performed. Compared with thoracotomy @entity0 , VATS @entity0 had a higher clinical stage, were older, had greater body mass index, and were more likely to have @entity3 and @entity5 . Induction radiation was used more commonly in thoracotomy @entity0 [VATS 28% (n = 19) vs open 72% (n = 146), P < 0.001]. Thirty-day mortality was similar between the VATS [3% (n = 2)] and open [4% (n = 8)] groups (P = 0.69). Seven (10%) of the VATS cases were converted to thoracotomy due to difficulty in dissection from fibrotic tissue and adhesions (n = 5) or @entity4 (n = 2); none of these conversions led to perioperative @entity2 . In univariate analysis, VATS @entity0 had improved 3-year survival compared with thoracotomy (61% vs 43%, P = 0.010). In multivariable analysis, the VATS approach showed a trend towards improved survival, but this did not reach statistical significance (hazard ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.32-1.01; P = 0.053). Moreover, a propensity score-matched analysis balancing @entity0 characteristics demonstrated that the VATS approach had similar survival to an open approach (P = 0.56). CONCLUSIONS: VATS lobectomy in @entity0 treated with induction therapy for locally advanced @entity6 is feasible and effective and does not appear to compromise oncologic outcomes.

title: Long-term survival following open versus thoracoscopic lobectomy after preoperative chemotherapy for XXXX   .

answer: @entity6


abstract: A number of studies demonstrate the positive benefits of exercise for @entity0 with @entity1 and @entity2 ; however the exercise program variables resulting in these positive effects have not been evaluated. Therefore the aim of this systematic review was to describe the aerobic exercise program variables used in randomized controlled trials reporting the positive effect of exercise in the treatment of @entity1 or @entity2 . Studies were analyzed for exercise frequency, intensity, session duration, exercise type, intervention duration, delivery of exercise, and level and quality of supervision and adherence. Study quality was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database scale. Three studies met the inclusion criteria. In general, exercise intervention variables are reported poorly. We find that aerobic exercise including treadmill walking and cycle exercise undertaken as a supervised group intervention lasting 30 to 40 min per session and undertaken 3 times weekly at moderate intensity appears to be valuable for @entity0 with @entity1 or @entity2 . Interventions ranged from 10 to 16 wk. No adverse events were reported in the included studies. Evidence suggests that aerobic exercise is safe and beneficial for @entity0 with @entity1 or @entity2 .

title: A systematic review of the aerobic exercise program variables for @entity0 with XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. To evaluate the role of preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) in @entity0 ' prognosis with localized @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Methods. Data from 218 localized @entity3 @entity0 (T1-3 N0/+ M0), operated between 1991 and 2011 at two centers, were evaluated retrospectively. Univariable and multivariable analyses using the Cox regression model were performed to determine the associations of NLR and ANC with @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Prognostic accuracy was evaluated with the Harrell concordance index. Results. The 5-year @entity2 rate was 87.0%. Multivariable analysis identified increased NLR (>= 3.6) and ANC (>= 5300/ L) as independent prognostic factors for @entity2 (hazard ratio (HR) = 4.01, P = 0.018) and (HR = 4.71, P = 0.045). The final model built by the addition of NLR or ANC improved predictive accuracy (c-index: 0.824, 0.842) compared with the clinicopathological base model (c-index: 0.800), which included TNM stage and tumor @entity1 . Conclusions. The NLR and ANC appear to be independent prognostic factors for @entity2 after surgery for localized @entity3 . They significantly increase the accuracy of established prognostic factors. Therefore, we recommend adding NLR and ANC to traditional prognostic model, which may improve its predictive accuracy.

title: Preoperative Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Neutrophilia Are Independent Predictors of Recurrence in XXXX with Localized @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: Skin microcirculation and skin temperature of 10 healthy subjects (6 @entity0 and 4 @entity0 , 20-44 yr of age) without any @entity3 were registered when a thermoindifferent tap water iontophoresis was applied. The aim of this controlled study was to evaluate the development of @entity2 after the intake of 500 mg of @entity1 ( @entity4 ). The measurement was conducted by laser-Doppler flowmetry on the proximal forearm. The skin temperature was measured before and after the treatment by an infrared thermometer. In all @entity0 there was an intense erythema on the side of the cathode and only a modest one on the side of the anode. Without ASA preliminary treatment, the cutaneous flow showed an increase of 106% at the anodal side and that of 834% at the cathodal side (P < 0.001). After ending tap water iontophoresis, the skin temperature increased more on the cathode side than on the anode side (P < 0.001). After the intake of 500 mg ASA, the increase of the flow was 78% at the anode and 88% at the cathode. The comparison of the skin microcirculation did not show any differences at the anodal side when @entity1 was taken before, but a strong suppression of the @entity5 at the cathodal side was observed after the intake of ASA. There is a direct influence of @entity1 on the induction of the @entity6 caused by a @entity5 . The intensity of the induced erythema correlates with the analgesic effects of constant current treatment. An attenuation of the electrotherapeutic analgesia is possible.

title: Reduced @entity2 during tap water iontophoresis after intake of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cognitive theories of @entity2 and @entity1 have traditionally emphasized the role of attentional biases in the processing of negative information. The dot-probe task has been widely used to study this phenomenon. Recent findings suggest that biased processing of positive information might also be an important aspect of developing psychopathological symptoms. However, despite some evidence suggesting @entity0 with symptoms of @entity2 and @entity1 may avoid positive information, many dot-probe studies have produced null findings. The present review used conventional and novel meta-analytic methods to evaluate dot-probe attentional biases away from positive information and, for comparison, toward negative information, in @entity2 and anxious individuals. Results indicated that avoidance of positive information is a real effect exhibiting substantial evidential value among @entity0 experiencing psychopathology, with individuals evidencing primary symptoms of @entity2 clearly demonstrating this effect. Different theoretical explanations for these findings are evaluated, including those positing threat-processing structures, even-handedness, self-regulation, and reward devaluation, with the novel theory of reward devaluation emphasized and expanded. These novel findings and theory suggest that avoidance of prospective reward helps to explain the cause and sustainability of @entity2 states. Suggestions for future research and methodological advances are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record

title: Reward Devaluation: Dot-Probe Meta-Analytic Evidence of Avoidance of Positive Information in Depressed XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: RATIONALE: There is a paucity of evidence regarding the role of tunneled pleural catheters in @entity2 caused by @entity1 that is refractory to medical management. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of tunneled pleural catheter drainage for treatment of refractory @entity2 associated with @entity1 , either when used alone or with concomitant talc pleurodesis performed during thoracoscopy. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study. We identified @entity0 with @entity1 and recurrent symptomatic @entity2 who were treated between 2005 and 2015 by placement of a tunneled pleural catheter. @entity0 underwent either thoracoscopy followed by talc poudrage and pleural catheter placement (group 1) or catheter insertion alone (group 2). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Forthy-three catheters were inserted in 36 @entity0 , with 15 placed in group 1 and 28 in group 2. Successful pleurodesis was seen in 80% in group 1 and 25% in group 2. The median time of catheter placement was 11.5 days in group 1 and 66 days in group 2. There was a significant decrease in hospital admissions and pleural interventions after catheter placement compared with before insertion (P   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This single-center, retrospective study demonstrated the feasibility of catheter placement used alone or with talc poudrage for the treatment of refractory @entity2 associated with @entity1 . The addition of talc poudrage might increase the pleurodesis rate and reduce the days to catheter removal in highly selected @entity0 . Prospective studies on a larger number of @entity0 are warranted to verify the safety and efficacy of this intervention.

title: Tunneled Pleural Catheter Placement with and without Talc Poudrage for Treatment of @entity2 Due to XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The role of matrix metalloproteases and their regulation in the pathology of @entity7 is still unclear. Recently we have demonstrated that incubation of keratinocytes with @entity6 debris and granulation tissue extracts causes induction of gelatinase B ( @entity4 , @entity4 ) secretion in vitro. Antibodies against a variety of growth factors revealed some inhibitory effect on @entity4 induction, caused by debris or granulation tissue extracts. In order to investigate the coherence of growth factor expression and matrix metalloproteinase activity in vivo in @entity7 , we performed quantitative gelatin zymographic analysis with tissue homogenates of 37 @entity6 and nine external ear canal skin (EACS) samples. Furthermore we quantified levels of the cytokines @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity0 , @entity5 and EGF present in tissue extracts, using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and correlated cytokine concentrations with gelatinolytic activities. Zymographic analysis revealed a highly heterogeneous expression of gelatinase A and B in @entity6 specimens. As shown previously, @entity4 , but not @entity3 , was increased in @entity6 when compared to EACS samples. ELISA studies revealed a significantly elevated @entity1 level in @entity6 . Regression analysis involving gelatinolytic activity and cytokine concentrations in tissue homogenates showed no statistically significant correlation between expression of gelatinases and the cytokines @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity0 , @entity5 or EGF. The discrepancy between in vitro observations and the situation in vivo is discussed critically.

title: Up-regulation of matrix metalloprotease-9 in XXXX --correlations with growth factor expression in vivo?

answer: @entity7


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the perception of @entity2 care and consequences according to what Deyo refers to as seven "myths" about @entity1 , in the Norwegian population. METHODS: In spring 2001, seven questions, corresponding to Deyo's myths, were included in an opinion poll (telephone interviews) of a representative sample (n=1015) of the Norwegian population. RESULTS: In total, 41% of the population held that 'If you have a slipped disc you must have surgery'. Approximately 50% believed that 'X-ray and newer imaging tests can always identify the cause of @entity0 is caused by injury and heavy lifting'. Almost 60% agreed that 'Everyone with @entity1 should have a spine X-ray'. However, only one-quarter believed that 'If your back hurts, you should take it easy until the @entity0 goes away', and approximately one-fifth believed that 'Back @entity0 is usually disabling'. Only 12% believed that 'Bed rest is the mainstay of therapy'. More individuals in the lower- compared with the higher-educated groups believed in the myths. CONCLUSION: Information concerning current knowledge on healthcare and health consequences of @entity2 had reached only a small part of the general population. The most important factor for lack of knowledge was education. Developing effective methods to promote adequate self-care and treatment and reduce the risk of chronicity of @entity2 in the lower-educated groups should be a top priority.

title: Are the "myths" of XXXX alive in the general Norwegian population?

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A hallmark of @entity0 and experimental @entity3 is @entity7 (SR) @entity11 -uptake reflecting impaired contractile function. This is at least partially attributed to dephosphorylation of phospholamban by increased @entity12 ( @entity12 ) activity. Indeed inhibition of @entity12 by transgenic overexpression or gene-transfer of constitutively active @entity14 improved @entity11 -cycling, preserved function and decreased @entity2 in small and large animal models of @entity3 , suggesting that @entity14 may represent a potential therapeutic target. We recently identified a novel @entity0 polymorphism ( @entity15 ) in the @entity14 gene with a frequency of 7% in either normal or @entity3 @entity0 . @entity1 , harboring cardiac-specific expression of @entity15 @entity14 , exhibited decreases in contractility, @entity11 -kinetics and SR @entity11 -load. These depressive effects were relieved by @entity8 stimulation. Furthermore, stress conditions (2Hz +/- @entity10 ) induced increases in @entity11 -sparks, @entity11 -waves (60% of @entity15 versus 20% in wild types) and after-contractions (76% of @entity15 versus 23% of wild types) in mutant cardiomyocytes. Similar findings were obtained by acute expression of the @entity15 variant in adult cardiomyocytes in the absence or presence of endogenous @entity14 . The underlying mechanisms included reduced binding of mutant @entity14 to @entity12 , increased @entity12 activity, and dephosphorylation of phospholamban at Ser16 and Thr17. However, phosphorylation of the @entity9 receptor at Ser2808 was not altered while phosphorylation at Ser2814 was increased, consistent with increased activation of @entity11 /calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), promoting aberrant SR @entity11 -release. Parallel in vivo studies revealed that mutant @entity1 developed @entity6 (including bigeminy, trigeminy and @entity5 ), when challenged with @entity8 . Inhibition of CaMKII activity by @entity13 prevented the increased propensity to @entity4 . These findings suggest that the @entity0 @entity15 @entity14 variant impairs SR @entity11 -cycling and promotes arrhythmogenesis under stress conditions, which may present an additional insult in the compromised function of @entity3 carriers.

title: @entity0 XXXX - @entity14 impairs cardiac function and promotes @entity4 .

answer: @entity15


abstract: This longitudinal study was performed in order to clarify the effects of long-term antihypertensive medication on common carotid hemodynamics. A total of 84 @entity0 (54 males and 30 females), who had been receiving treatment with antihypertensive medications for 5 years, were enrolled in this study. The subjects' ages ranged from 62 to 74 (mean 67). They were divided into three groups: 40 were treated with diuretics only (Group D), 28 with @entity2 antagonists only (Group C), and 16 with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors only (Group A). Mean blood flow volume (BF) and circulation resistance (Z) at the common carotid artery were measured by an ultrasonic quantitative flow measurement system. Blood flow volume, Z, and @entity3 ( @entity3 ) were measured twice over a 5-year period in @entity0 and in 49 age-matched normal controls (Group N). Annual reductions in BF (delta BF) and @entity3 (delta @entity3 ), and annual increases in Z (delta Z) were calculated. Blood flow volume of Group D showed larger decreases than that of the other three groups. Circulation resistance of Group C showed smaller increases than that of Group N. Reductions of BF and Z of Group A were similar to those of Group N. Reductions of Z of Group C showed a significant correlation with delta @entity3 . These results indicate that @entity2 antagonists may have beneficial effects on common carotid hemodynamics in elderly @entity0 with essential @entity1 .

title: [Effects of long-term antihypertensive medication on common carotid hemodynamics in elderly XXXX with essential @entity1 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: It is said that the prognosis is generally unfavorable in @entity0 with hypertensive @entity7 showed extravasation on angiogram. Recently, we experienced a case whose prognosis was eventful after the removal of @entity6 . So we reported this case and discussed between @entity2 and @entity7 accompanied with extravasation on angiogram in this paper. A 59-year-old male was transferred to our emergency center because of right @entity4 and mild clouding of consciousness at around nine in the evening on December 12, 1983. At the time of admission, his neurological state was classified into grade II, exhibiting the right putamenal @entity1 and pyramidal destruction type of @entity6 by CT scan with 58 ml of @entity6 volume. The right carotid angiography was immediately performed and confirmed the @entity6 being of lateral type. At that time, extravasation proximal to the lateral lenticulostriate artery was noted. Repeated CT scan revealed the enlarged @entity6 (105 ml) accompanying with @entity1 . At the completion of these examinations, the neurological grade was III. The @entity6 was surgically removed after 4 hours following the onset of @entity7 . His postoperative course was very favorable. Although acute @entity5 appeared later on, it was cured by ventricular drainage. The @entity0 become possible to walk with a helper by 1 month after operation. CT scan obtained 1 month after operation revealed a remarkable @entity3 , which was probably derived from chronic @entity2 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A case favorably progressed after operation for hypertensive XXXX showed extravasation on angiogram occurred in chronic @entity2 ].

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity4 ( @entity4 ), frequently associated with @entity2 and @entity0 , is caused by the accumulation of excess @entity5 within liver cells. @entity6 (PA), a common saturated @entity3 found in mammals, induces the generation of reactive @entity1 species (ROS) and elicits apoptotic cell death, known as lipotoxicity. However, protective mechanisms against PA-induced lipotoxicity have not been elucidated. In this study, we aimed to clarify the role of @entity7 , an adapter protein in the autophagic process, as well as the @entity8 ( @entity8 )- @entity9 ( @entity9 ) pathway, in protecting cells from PA-induced lipotoxicity. The @entity8 - @entity9 pathway is essential for the protection of cells from oxidative stress. @entity7 enhances its binding to @entity9 and leads to @entity8 activation. Here, we show that PA potentiates @entity9 degradation and thereby activates the transcription of @entity8 target genes partially through autophagy. Furthermore, this PA-mediated @entity9 degradation depends on @entity7 . Correspondingly, a lack of @entity7 attenuates the PA-mediated @entity8 activation and increases the susceptibility of cells to oxidative stress. These results indicate that @entity7 plays an important role in protecting cells against lipotoxicity through @entity9 degradation-mediated @entity8 activation.

title: Concerted action of XXXX and @entity8 protects cells from @entity6 -induced lipotoxicity.

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was the estimation of effect of pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy on intensity of @entity1 complains, and comparison of quantity of @entity2 in groups of @entity0 subjected and not subjected the lymphadenectomy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied to 80 @entity0 divided into two groups: 40 @entity0 with @entity3 , who were treated with total abdominal hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy and pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy; and 40 @entity0 with uterine @entity5 or benign neoplasms of uterine adnexa, who were treated with abdominal hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy, but without lymphadenectomy. The measure of intensity of @entity1 complaints was twenty-four hour analgetic requirement of @entity0 in postoperative period, counted by PCA ( @entity0 Controlled Analgesia) pump (Perfusor fm Braun). RESULTS: Twenty-four hour consumption of @entity4 counted by @entity6 pump did not statistically differ in both groups of @entity0 . Twenty-four hour consumption of @entity4 on kilogram of body mass was similarly too. We find 3 (3.8%) intraoperative and 15 (18.8%) @entity2 . The number of complications did not statistical to differ in groups of @entity0 subjected and not subjected lymphadenectomy. CONCLUSIONS: The inclusion of lymphadenectomy into the operation procedures did not increase of @entity1 in the postoperative course. The percentage of @entity2 in both groups was similar. The lymphadenectomy executed in specialised centres of oncological gynaecology is a safe intervention, with a low number of complications.

title: [The effect of pelvic and paraaortic lymphadenectomy on intensity of XXXX and @entity2 ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Given the widely varying types of aquatic ecosystems and bioavailability of chemicals, it is important to develop site-specific water quality criteria (WQC) to ensure criteria are neither over- nor under-protective. In the study, using @entity0 ( @entity1 ) as an example, several approaches to derive site-specific WQC were investigated, including the conventional @entity2 ( @entity2 ), weighted @entity2 based on the proportion of each trophic level, and water effect ratio (WER) method. When corrected to a pH of 7.8, the conventional @entity2 approach resulted in criteria maximum concentration (CMC) and criteria continuous concentration (CCC) of 18.11 and 1.74 g/L, respectively. If @entity2 was weighted according to the current species composition in Tai Lake, the CMC and CCC were 32.81 and 4.48 g/L, respectively. However, available data suggest that many sensitive species inhabiting Tai Lake during 1980s were disappeared. Considering the species composition of the healthier ecosystem in 1980s, the CMC and CCC were 10.99 and 0.38 g/L, respectively, which provide more protective water quality standards. Water effect ratio (WER) was further used to correct for co-occurrence of other toxicants and factors affecting bioavailability of @entity1 . A final WER of 4.72 was applied to adjust the criteria derived by using the weighted @entity2 for the 1980s aquatic community, and the final CMC and CCC obtained were 51.87 and 1.79 g/L, respectively, at a pH of 7.8. Water quality criteria derived using the 1980s species composition and adjusted with WER were deemed the most appropriate WQC for water management and aquatic life protection. Merits of the various approaches for developing WQC for protection of aquatic species were discussed.

title: Site-specific water quality criteria for aquatic ecosystems: A case study of XXXX for Tai Lake, China.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a rare, aggressive @entity2 with a high potential of locoregional relapse after surgery alone. This report is an update of our experience in the treatment of @entity3 . From January 1990 to May 2000, 31 @entity0 with @entity3 , 13 @entity0 and 18 @entity0 aged between 34 and 92 years, were treated at the University of Cologne, Germany. Primary @entity1 sites were in the head and neck region in 13 @entity0 , limbs in 13, and trunk in 5. The @entity1 were stage I in 26 of 31 @entity0 , stage II in 4 of 31 and stage III in 1 of 31. Treatment included surgery alone in 14 of 31 @entity0 , adjuvant postoperative radiotherapy in 16 of 31 @entity0 , 1 of them had incomplete surgery, and definitive radiotherapy in 1 of 31 @entity0 (stage III). Median overall survival (OS) after first diagnosis was 32 months (95% confidence interval: 0-75 months) with a 3-year OS rate of 47% (95% CI: 25-69%). Six of 31 @entity0 relapsed locally after a median of 4 months, 10 of 31 @entity0 developed regional node metastases, and 7 of 31 @entity0 distant metastases. Nine @entity0 died as a direct result of @entity3 . Locoregional control and disease-free survival were significantly improved in the group with postoperative radiotherapy (p = 0.023). Uni- and multivariate analysis revealed that head and neck location of the @entity1 and the lack of postoperative radiotherapy are unfavorable prognostic factors. Postoperative radiotherapy to the @entity1 region and the regional lymphatics is effective in the prevention of locoregional recurrence. Prospective clinical trials should be performed to confirm these observations.

title: Role of postoperative radiotherapy in the management of XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebrovascular complications are often the first cause of hospitalization in @entity0 with @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Screenings for @entity7 among @entity2 @entity0 have yielded discrepant results, likely as a result of heterogeneous or incomplete assessment. We designed a study to identify @entity7 among adults 60 years of age or younger who were consecutively admitted for acute @entity5 or @entity1 ( @entity1 ) to a @entity2 neurology service in Italy. METHODS: @entity0 with first-ever or recurrent events were included, irrespective of gender, risk factors, or @entity2 type. We screened male @entity0 using a-galactosidase A enzyme assay, and female @entity0 using DNA sequencing. @entity7 was eventually established after a broad multidisciplinary discussion. RESULTS: We screened 108 @entity0 (61% males, median age: 48 years); 84% of these @entity0 had @entity2 . De novo @entity7 diagnosis was established in 3 @entity0 (2.8%; 95% confidence interval, .57-8.18): a 59-year-old @entity0 with recurrent lacunar-like @entity2 and multiple risk factors; a 42-year-old @entity0 with recurrent cryptogenic minor @entity2 ; and a 32-year-old @entity0 with recurrent @entity2 previously attributed to Beh  et's disease. Screened @entity0 were systematically asked for typical @entity7 symptoms; each of the de novo @entity0 reported one or more of the following: episodes of hand/foot @entity3 during fever, @entity8 , and family history of @entity4 . In all of the @entity0 events were recurrent, and lacunar-like @entity6 characterized their brain imaging. CONCLUSIONS: Prevalence of @entity7 among nonselected adults 60 years of age or younger with acute @entity5 or @entity1 is not negligible. A systematic search for @entity7 in a @entity2 setting, using a comprehensive clinical, biochemical, and genetic screening protocol, may be worthwhile.

title: De novo Diagnosis of @entity7 among Italian Adults with Acute XXXX or Transient @entity1 Attack.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: In the CHAMPION trial, significant reductions in admissions to hospital for @entity1 were seen after 6 months of pulmonary artery pressure guided management compared with usual care. We examine the extended efficacy of this strategy over 18 months of randomised follow-up and the clinical effect of open access to pressure information for an additional 13 months in @entity0 formerly in the control group. METHODS: The CHAMPION trial was a prospective, parallel, single-blinded, multicentre study that enrolled @entity0 with New York Heart Association (NYHA) Class III @entity1 and a previous admission to hospital. @entity0 were randomly assigned (1:1) by centre in block sizes of four by a secure validated computerised randomisation system to either the treatment group, in which daily uploaded pulmonary artery pressures were used to guide medical therapy, or to the control group, in which daily uploaded pressures were not made available to investigators. @entity0 in the control group received all standard medical, device, and disease management strategies available. @entity0 then remained masked in their randomised study group until the last @entity0 enrolled completed at least 6 months of study follow-up (randomised access period) for an average of 18 months. During the randomised access period, @entity0 in the treatment group were managed with pulmonary artery pressure and @entity0 in the control group had usual care only. At the conclusion of randomised access, investigators had access to pulmonary artery pressure for all @entity0 (open access period) averaging 13 months of follow-up. The primary outcome was the rate of hospital admissions between the treatment group and control group in both the randomised access and open access periods. Analyses were by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00531661. FINDINGS: Between Sept 6, 2007, and Oct 7, 2009, 550 @entity0 were randomly assigned to either the treatment group (n=270) or to the control group (n=280). 347 @entity0 (177 in the former treatment group and 170 in the former control group) completed the randomised access period in August, 2010, and transitioned to the open access period which ended April 30, 2012. Over the randomised access period, rates of admissions to hospital for @entity1 were reduced in the treatment group by 33% (hazard ratio [HR] 0  67 [95% CI 0  55-0  80]; p<0  0001) compared with the control group. After pulmonary artery pressure information became available to guide therapy during open access (mean 13 months), rates of admissions to hospital for @entity1 in the former control group were reduced by 48% (HR 0  52 [95% CI 0  40-0  69]; p<0  0001) compared with rates of admissions in the control group during randomised access. Eight (1%) device-related or system related complications and seven (1%) procedure-related adverse events were reported. INTERPRETATION: Management of NYHA Class III @entity1 based on home transmission of pulmonary artery pressure with an implanted pressure sensor has significant long-term benefit in lowering hospital admission rates for @entity1 . FUNDING: St Jude Medical Inc.

title: Sustained efficacy of pulmonary artery pressure to guide adjustment of chronic XXXX therapy: complete follow-up results from the CHAMPION randomised trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Treatment intensification with autologous bone marrow transplantation (ABMT) was administered to 37 cases of Hodgkin's and @entity8 ( @entity7 and @entity8 ) who were in complete or partial remission (CR or PR) after chemotherapy (MOPP/ABVD or F-MACHOP respectively) and to 12 cases of @entity7 and @entity8 who were in relapse. ABMT treatment was BAVC for @entity8 and BEAM for @entity7 . Marrow cells were harvested from the marrow and cryopreserved. The number of mononuclear marrow cells that was reinfused ranged between 0.19 and 0.80 x 108/Kg b.w. (median 0.39). All the @entity0 were treated with @entity6 ( @entity6 , Filgrastim) at a dose of 5 mg/Kg b.w. from day +4 until the absolute neutrophil count exceeded 1 x109/L for 3 consecutive days. Engraftment was observed in all cases, and no transplant-related @entity1 occurred. The @entity0 with @entity8 and @entity7 received a median of 12 (range 2-19) and 14.5 (range 9-27) doses of @entity6 respectively. Median time to 20 x 109/L platelet count was 14 to 17 days. Median time to an absolute neutrophil count 0.5x109/L was 13 days. A febrile episode during the period of post-transplant aplasia was documented in 35 @entity0 (71%). Fever was associated with Gram+ @entity4 in 31% of the cases and with Gram- @entity4 in 11% of cases. @entity2 was documented in two cases. No @entity3 were recorded. Median hospitalisation time from reinfusion ranged between 19.5 days ( @entity8 ) and 23 days ( @entity7 ). Thirty-four of 37 cases (92%) who were transplanted in CR or in PR are currently alive and in continuous CR with a median follow-up time of 37 months after ABMT. Three of 12 cases (25%) who were transplanted in relapse are alive and in CR. Our data point out that ABMT followed by @entity6 is a safe and a very effective procedure for high risk @entity5 , when ABMT is planned and is performed not as a rescue procedure but when it is integrated in the treatment strategy from the very beginning.

title: Treatment intensification of @entity5 with autologous bone marrow transplantation and XXXX .

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3 ( @entity3 )- @entity0 treated with standard chemotherapy experienced progression rapidly. A novel therapy based on programed death 1 ( @entity7 )/programed death ligand 1 ( @entity6 ) inhibitors showed an increasing potential in several @entity1 including advanced @entity3 . OBJECTIVES: This article is a meta-analysis aiming to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of @entity7 / @entity6 agents in @entity0 with @entity3 . DATA SOURCES: Data were collected from eligible studies searched from PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science. SYNTHESIS METHODS: Pooled hazard ratio (HR) for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and progression-free survival (PFS) was estimated to assess the efficacy of @entity7 / @entity6 inhibitors versus @entity4 , pooled odds ratio (OR) was calculated for objective response rate (ORR). The overall frequency was estimated for 1-year @entity5 , 1-year progression-free survival, and ORR. A subgroup analysis among @entity3 @entity0 tested with different @entity2 ( @entity2 ) status was also performed to figure out the relationship between @entity2 status and efficacy of @entity7 / @entity6 therapies. OR for occurrence of any grade and grade 3 to 5 treatment-related adverse effect was calculated for evaluating the safety of @entity7 / @entity6 therapies. RESULTS: Nine studies were included in this analysis. The pooled HRs for @entity5 and PFS were 0.68 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.61-0.75) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.75-0.91), respectively, the pooled OR for ORR was 1.83 (95% CI 1.41-2.36), indicating a significant improvement in @entity5 , PFS, and ORR. In the results of subgroup analysis, the HR for @entity5 in @entity3 @entity0 was 1.05 (95% CI 0.69-1.59) in @entity0 with mutant @entity2 and 0.66 (95% CI 0.57-0.77) in @entity0 with wild-type @entity2 status. OR for occurrence was 0.36 (95% CI 0.28-0.46) in any grade treatment-related adverse effect and 0.18 (95% CI 0.14-0.22) in grade 3 to 5 treatment-related adverse effect, suggesting a superior safety profile of @entity7 / @entity6 inhibitors. CONCLUSION: The @entity7 / @entity6 therapy significantly prolonged the @entity5 and improved the ORR, simultaneously lowering the treatment-related adverse effect events versus @entity4 .

title: A meta-analysis of efficacy and safety of antibodies targeting @entity7 / XXXX in treatment of advanced @entity3 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Suboptimal uptake of the measles, mumps and @entity1 (MMR) vaccine by certain socioeconomic groups may have contributed to recent large measles outbreaks in the UK. We investigated whether socioeconomic deprivation was associated with MMR vaccine uptake over 16 years. Using immunization data for 72 351 @entity0 born between 1995 and 2012 in Liverpool, UK, we examined trends in vaccination uptake. Generalized linear models were constructed to examine the relative effect of socioeconomic deprivation and year of birth on MMR uptake. Uptake of @entity3 by age 24 months ranged between 82  5% in 2003 [95% confidence interval (CI) 81  2-83  7] and 93  4% in 2012 (95% CI 92  7-94  2). Uptake of @entity2 by age 60 months ranged between 65  3% (95% CI 64  4-67  4) in 2006 and 90  3% (95% CI 89  4-91  2) in 2012. In analysis adjusted for year of birth and sex, @entity0 in the most deprived communities were at significantly greater risk of not receiving @entity3 [risk ratio (RR) 1  70, 95% CI 1  45-1  99] and @entity2 (RR 1  36, 95% CI 1  22-1  52). Higher unemployment and lower household income were significantly associated with low uptake. Contrary to concerns about lower MMR uptake in affluent families, over 16 years, @entity0 from the most socioeconomically deprived communities have consistently had the lowest MMR uptake. Targeted catch-up campaigns and strategies to improve routine immunization uptake in deprived areas are needed to minimize the risk of future measles outbreaks.

title: Effect of socioeconomic deprivation on uptake of measles, mumps and XXXX vaccination in Liverpool, UK over 16 years: a longitudinal ecological study.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Excessive @entity8 transmission in the basal ganglia is a major factor in the neural mechanisms underlying @entity1 . Activation of kappa opioid receptors causes a presynaptic reduction in @entity8 release. Kappa opioid receptors are concentrated in those regions of the basal ganglia associated with increased @entity8 transmission in @entity2 . In this study, we use the @entity12 and @entity9 -treated @entity0 model of @entity2 to investigate whether systemic administration of the kappa opioid agonists @entity14 (CI-977) and U69,593 can alleviate the symptoms of @entity2 either alone or in conjunction with @entity5 replacement therapy. We report that, when administered alone, both @entity14 and U69,593 can increase locomotion in @entity6 -depleted @entity0 . No @entity11 was seen after kappa opioid agonist administration in non-parkinsonian @entity0 . The responses to kappa opioid agonists were blocked by co-administration of either the nonspecific opioid receptor antagonist @entity7 or the selective kappa opioid receptor antagonist @entity13 ( @entity13 ). An important finding is that when @entity14 and L-dopa are administered together, their anti- @entity10 properties are synergistic. Thus, the doses of @entity14 and L-dopa required to alleviate @entity4 when administered together are lower than either administered alone. These data illustrate the importance of kappa opioid receptors in the neural mechanisms controlling @entity3 and suggest that kappa opioid agonists may have a role as adjuncts to @entity5 replacement in the management of @entity1 .

title: Kappa-opioid receptor agonists increase locomotor activity in the @entity6 -depleted @entity0 model of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Testing for oncogenic @entity2 ) DNA at a 1.0-pg/mL threshold represents a promising approach for colposcopy triage of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), but not for @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Considering age or viral load could improve colposcopy triage. METHODS: We determined the sensitivity for detecting @entity4 3 (CIN3) and @entity1 and the percentage of referrals for colposcopy using HPV testing and repeat thin-layer cytopathology in 2198 @entity0 with @entity5 and in 848 @entity0 with @entity3 enrolled in ALTS from November 1996 through December 1998. We analyzed results by age and at two thresholds for HPV load and repeat cytopathology. RESULTS: For @entity5 , the overall sensitivity of HPV testing at 1.0 pg/mL was 96.1% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 92.8 to 99.5%) and varied minimally with age (range, 93.9% to 97.8%). HPV testing at this threshold would refer 31.2% (95% CI = 28.0% to 34.3%) of @entity0 aged 29 years or older as compared with more than 65% of younger @entity0 . Among @entity0 aged 29 years or older with @entity5 , referral for repeat cytopathology of @entity5 had a sensitivity of 90.9% (95% CI = 81.1% to 100.0%) and would refer 50.1% (95% CI = 46.7 to 53.5%). Among all @entity5 , HPV testing using a 10.0-pg/mL threshold decreased sensitivity to 91.5% and referrals to 41.7%. More than 63% of @entity3 would have been referred using any strategy achieving 90% sensitivity. CONCLUSION: For @entity0 with @entity5 , HPV testing was highly sensitive for detecting CIN3 and @entity1 with dramatically fewer referrals of older @entity0 . Neither a single HPV test nor repeat cytopathology provides useful triage for @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Effects of age and XXXX papilloma viral load on colposcopy triage: data from the randomized Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance/Low-Grade @entity3 Triage Study (ALTS).

answer: @entity0


abstract: Although protein kinases and phosphatases have been reported to be involved in fear memory, information about these signalling molecules in the individual phases of contextual fear conditioning (cFC) is limited. C57BL/6J @entity0 were tested in cFC, sacrificed and hippocampi were used for screening of approximately 800 protein kinases and phosphatases by protein microarrays with subsequent Western blot confirmation of threefold higher or lower hippocampal levels as compared to foot shock controls. Immunoblotting of the protein kinases and phosphatases screened out was carried out by Western blotting. A network of protein kinases and phosphatases was generated (STRING 9.1). Animals learned the task in the paradigm and protein kinase and phosphatase levels were determined in the individual phases acquisition, consolidation and retrieval and compared to foot shock controls. Protein kinases discoidin containing receptor 2 ( @entity7 ), @entity4 ( @entity4 ), protein phosphatases dual specificity protein phosphatase ( @entity1 ) and protein phosphatase 2a ( @entity6 ) were modulated in the individual phases of cFC. @entity5 3-phosphatase and @entity2 -3 kinase (PI3K) that is interacting with @entity1 were modulated as well. Freezing time was correlating with @entity6 levels in the retrieval phase of cFC. The abovementioned protein kinases, phosphatases and @entity3 -signalling enzymes were not reported so far in cFC and the results are relevant for interpretation of previous and design of future studies in cFC or fear memory. Protein phosphatase @entity6 was, however, the only signalling compound tested that was directly linked to retrieval in the cFC.

title: Networks of protein kinases and phosphatases in the individual phases of contextual fear conditioning in the C57BL/6J XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: A 43-year-old white @entity0 presented with an 8-month history of @entity1 . He also noted a decrease in range of motion of his upper body. There was no improvement with a 4-week course of topical corticosteroids. Review of systems was negative for @entity12 , @entity8 , @entity14 , and @entity3 . His medical history included @entity4 , @entity5 , and microdiscectomy. His medications included @entity9 and @entity11 . Physical examination revealed a 20-cm erythematous, indurated plaque on the posterior part of the upper back and neck (Figure 1). A lack of skin wrinkling was noted with lateral pressure. Biopsy revealed a periadnexal and mild @entity7 with an increase in connective tissue mucin as demonstrated with colloidal @entity2 (Figures 2A and 2B). Serum protein electrophoresis, hemoglobin @entity10 , and antinuclear antibody titer were within normal limits. A diagnosis of @entity6 mimicking @entity15 was made. @entity13 therapy was started at a dose of 200 mg and, at 2 months' follow-up, the @entity0 's symptoms and appearance were improved.

title: Tumid lupus erythematosus: an unusual XXXX -like presentation.

answer: @entity15


abstract: BACKGROUND: Discordance in hormone receptors (HR) and @entity1 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) status between primary @entity3 and metastatic sites for @entity0 is well established. However, it is uncertain which @entity1 -related factors lead to biopsy when @entity2 are suspected and whether having a biopsy impacts survival. METHODS: The medical charts of @entity0 ( @entity0 ) @entity1 diagnosed January 2000-August 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. A biopsy was defined as a procedure where tissue was obtained and assessed for both HR and @entity4 . Both bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess @entity1 characteristics related to biopsy and whether having a biopsy was associated with improved survival. RESULTS: Of 409 @entity1 suspected of having @entity0 , 165 (40%) had a biopsy, and 34% of these had discordant HR or @entity4 status when compared to the initial diagnosis. In multivariate analysis, having a biopsy was associated with: recurrence in years 2010-2014, disease-free interval of   >   =3  years, stage 0-IIA at presentation, suspected locoregional recurrence, being HR+/ @entity4 -, or missing HR/ @entity4 at diagnosis. A similar multivariate analysis revealed that having a biopsy was associated with improved survival (HR   =   0.67, p   =   0.002). The association of biopsy and improved survival was noted in specific subgroups: @entity1 with missing HR and @entity4 data at initial diagnosis (p   =   0.001), those without @entity2 in liver, lung or brain (p   =   0.001), and being younger than 70  years old at recurrence (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Specific clinical factors were associated with biopsy at the time of suspected recurrence. Having a biopsy was associated with reduced mortality.

title: Biopsy of XXXX @entity2 : @entity1 characteristics and survival.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the activities of the submental muscles using surface electromyography (sEMG) in @entity0 presenting with @entity2 secondary to @entity3 , and to compare the results with those in healthy volunteers. DESIGN: Retrospective study design. SETTING: A @entity2 clinic at a tertiary care university hospital. @entity0 : Twenty-one @entity0 presenting with @entity2 after @entity3 were recruited into the study within 2 months of @entity1 onset. To serve as a control group, 13 healthy volunteers were enrolled. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary sEMG parameters were swallowing onset, pretrigger duration, swallowing duration, and swallowing amplitude. Swallowing functional outcome was evaluated using the Videofluoroscopic @entity2 Scale and the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association National Outcome Measurement System. RESULTS: @entity0 with @entity3 demonstrated significantly delayed swallowing onset (P < .001) and shorter swallowing duration (P = .003) compared with the controls. Duration from the start of sEMG activity and actual laryngeal elevation also was delayed in the @entity0 group (P = .042). At a cut-off point of 0.13 seconds for swallowing onset, sensitivity was 85.7% and specificity was 69.2%. For swallowing duration, sensitivity was 84.6% and specificity was 66.7% with 1.05 seconds as the cut-off point. CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 with @entity3 showed not only delayed swallowing onset and pretrigger duration, but also shorter duration of sEMG activity compared with those in healthy volunteers. Our results suggest that @entity2 after @entity1 might be further compromised by delayed laryngeal response especially after the start of suprahyoid muscle activity, which represents impaired laryngeal protection mechanism.

title: Submental Muscle Activity is Delayed and Shortened During Swallowing Following XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The safety and efficacy of the two most widely used fixed-dose @entity4 -based combination therapies (ACT), artesunate-amodiaquine ( @entity7 ) and artemether-lumefantrine (AL) are well established for single episodes of uncomplicated @entity6 @entity1 , but the effects of repeated, long-term use are not well documented. We conducted a 2-year randomized, open-label, longitudinal, phase IV clinical trial comparing the efficacy and safety of fixed-dose @entity7 and AL for repeated treatment of uncomplicated @entity1 in @entity0 under 5 years at Nagongera Health Centre, Uganda. @entity0 were randomized to @entity7 or AL and all subsequent @entity1 episodes were treated with the same regimen. 413 @entity0 were enrolled and experienced a total of 6027 @entity1 episodes (mean 15; range, 1-26). For the first @entity1 episode, the PCR-corrected-cure rate for @entity7 (97.5%) was non-inferior to that for AL (97.0%; 95% CI [-0.028; 0.037]). PCR-corrected cure rates for subsequent @entity1 episodes that had over 100 cases (episodes 2-18), ranged from 88.1% to 98.9% per episode, with no clear difference between the treatment arms. Parasites were completely cleared by day 3 for all @entity1 episodes and gametocyte carriage was less than 1% by day 21. Fever clearance was faster in the @entity7 group for the first episode. Treatment compliance for subsequent episodes (only first dose administration observed) was close to 100%. Adverse events though common were similar between treatment arms and mostly related to the disease. Serious adverse events were uncommon, comparable between treatment arms and resolved spontaneously. @entity3 and @entity5 occurred in <0.5% of cases per episode, @entity2 tests occurred in 0.3% to 1.4% of cases. Both regimens were safe and effective for repeated treatment of @entity1 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials NCT00699920.

title: Efficacy and Safety of Fixed-Dose Artesunate-Amodiaquine vs. Artemether-Lumefantrine for Repeated Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in Ugandan XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND; A significant phenotypical variability is observed in @entity1 ( @entity1 ), the most common @entity1 . @entity4 ( @entity4 ) has been suggested to be an important disease-promoting factor of the kidney. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is the main protease responsible for @entity4 generation by cleavage of its functionally inactive precursor. We examined the influence of the ECE-1b @entity7 polymorphism on the progression of @entity1 toward @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The A allele was suggested to be associated with higher plasma level of @entity4 . METHODS: 200 @entity1 @entity0 (107 males, 93 females) who had reached @entity3 were analyzed. @entity0 were divided into three groups: (1) 47 @entity0 (23 males, 24 females) with @entity3 later than in 63 yr (slow progressors); (2) 71 @entity0 (38 males, 33 females) with @entity3 before 45 yr (rapid progressors); and (3) 82 @entity0 (46 males, 36 females) with @entity3 between 45-63 yr. Moreover, we analyzed 160 genetically unrelated healthy Czech subjects as the control group (82 males, 78 females, mean age 51.4 +/- 8.2 yr). DNA samples from collected blood were genotyped for ECE-1b @entity7 polymorphism using described polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction enzyme digestion. We compared the frequencies of different genotypes between the groups of slow and rapid progressors and the ages of @entity3 with regard to different genotypes. RESULTS: The ECE-1b @entity7 genotype distribution showed no differences among the groups of slow progressors, rapid progressors, @entity1 group with @entity3 between 45-63 yr and control group. Comparing the ages of @entity3 of all @entity0 , we did not find significant differences in the ages with regard to different genotypes: CC (51.5 +/- 10.1 yr), AC (51.6 +/- 11.4 yr), @entity5 (48.2 +/- 5.9 yr). There was a tendency to lower age of @entity3 in @entity5 homozygotes in comparison with other genotypes (t-test, p = 0.12). We found no influence of gender. CONCLUSION: We excluded the effect of ECE-1b @entity7 polymorphism on the progression of @entity1 . We could observe a mild @entity2 in @entity5 homozygous individuals.

title: The influence of the XXXX gene polymorphism on the progression of @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Cycling probe technology ( @entity1 ) represents a simple method for detection of DNA target sequences. Cycling probe technology utilizes a chimeric DNA-RNA-DNA probe which is cleaved by RNase H when hybridized with its complementary target. Probe cleavage in the presence or absence of target generates @entity1 product or background, respectively. Addition of non-homologous DNA into the @entity1 reaction affects the background and @entity1 product. Low amounts of @entity0 DNA (4-40 ng) result in high background while higher amounts (40-400 ng) inhibit the reaction. The simultaneous addition of @entity3 and @entity2 into the @entity1 reaction containing @entity0 DNA resulted in a significant release of the inhibition and a reduction of background. The presence of @entity3 alone caused an increase of probe cleavage whereas addition of EGTA increased the specificity of the @entity1 . A possible mechanism by which @entity3 could lead to this improvement of @entity1 has been proposed. Using a membrane-binding assay, the authors demonstrated that @entity0 DNA competes with the probe for binding to RNase H. Furthermore, by using a DNA-agarose column, it has been shown that such RNase H-DNA binding can be disrupted by @entity3 . Within the @entity1 reaction, similar @entity3 -mediated displacement of RNase H from @entity0 DNA could lead to an improved @entity1 efficiency.

title: XXXX -mediated improvement of cycling probe reaction.

answer: @entity3


abstract: 1. Isolated longitudinal muscle-myenteric plexus preparations from @entity0 ileum were used to investigate the activity of myenteric neurons when the tissue was stretched in the circumferential direction. Membrane potentials were recorded via flexibly mounted intracellular recording electrodes containing @entity4 in 1 M @entity3 . The preparations were stretched to constant widths (+20% and +40% beyond slack width). 2. Multipolar neurons (Dogiel type II morphology) discharged spontaneous action potentials and proximal process potentials during maintained stretching, three of twenty-one at +20% stretch and seven of nine at +40% stretch. At the maximum extent of stretch tried, +40% beyond slack tissue width, action potentials in Dogiel type II neurons occurred at 10-33 Hz. Neurons with other morphologies were all uniaxonal. Some displayed spontaneous fast EPSPs or action potentials, three of forty one at +20% stretch and seven of nineteen at +40% stretch. 3. In seven of eight Dogiel type II neurons, action potentials or proximal process potentials persisted when membrane hyperpolarization was imposed via the recording electrode. Action potential discharge was abolished by hyperpolarization in seven of nine uniaxonal neurons; the exceptions were two orally projecting neurons. 4. Dogiel type II and uniaxonal neurons were classified as rapidly accommodating if they discharged action potentials only at the beginning of a 500 ms intracellular depolarizing pulse and slowly accommodating if they discharged for more than 250 ms. For Dogiel type II neurons, three of thirteen were slowly accommodating at +20% stretch and two of four at 40% stretch. For uniaxonal neurons the corresponding data were twelve of twenty-six and fifteen of nineteen neurons. The slowly accommodating state was associated with increased cell input resistance in uniaxonal neurons. 5. The spontaneous action potential discharge in Dogiel type II and uniaxonal neurons ceased when the muscle was relaxed pharmacologically by @entity2 (3 microM) or @entity1 (1 microM), although the applied stretch was maintained. At the same time, evoked spike discharge became rapidly accommodating. 6. We conclude that many Dogiel type II neurons, and possibly some orally projecting uniaxonal neurons, are intrinsic, stretch-sensitive, primary afferent neurons that respond to muscle tension with sustained action potential discharge.

title: Intracellular recording from myenteric neurons of the XXXX ileum that respond to stretch.

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the ability of quantitative CT, with special reference to area of @entity6 , to predict early postoperative oxygenation capacity and outcome after lung lobectomy for @entity1 . METHODS: Sixty-two consecutive @entity0 scheduled to undergo lung lobectomy for @entity1 were enrolled in this study. The area of @entity6 (< - 910 Hounsfield units) was measured on a three-dimensional CT lung model. Arterial @entity2 saturation (Sao(2)) was calculated from Pao(2) measured 1 day before and 1 day after surgery with @entity0 at rest breathing room air. A @entity0 was considered to have recovered at the completion of a standardized management regimen. RESULTS: Postoperative Sao(2) (postSao(2)) was predicted by the baseline value and the area of @entity6 with the use of a regression equation. Ten of the 62 @entity0 (16%) had @entity3 (CPCs). The median time to postoperative recovery was 3 days (range, 1 to 17 days). Predicted postSao(2) and predicted postoperative FEV(1) were shown to be significant independent predictors of postoperative CPCs as well as postoperative recovery time. CONCLUSION: Determining the area of @entity6 by quantitative CT is useful in predicting early postoperative oxygenation capacity. Predicted oxygenation capacity and predicted ventilatory capacity independently affect perioperative outcomes. Therefore, using quantitative CT in combination with spirometry may improve risk prediction in @entity0 undergoing lung lobectomy for @entity1 . However, the role of quantitative CT in grading nonemphysematous @entity4 , such as @entity5 , must be investigated.

title: Role of quantitative CT in predicting hypoxemia and complications after lung lobectomy for XXXX , with special reference to area of @entity6 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: RCAS1 is a recently discovered antigen molecule expressed on the membrane of @entity2 cells, and it acts as a ligand for a putative receptor present on immune cells such as T, B and NK cells. It has been suggested that RCAS1 expression is related to the escape of @entity2 from immune surveillance. In this study, the relation between RCAS1 expression and various clinicopathologic variables, including @entity0 prognosis, was investigated in @entity1 through immunohistochemical analysis. METHODS: One hundred two surgically resected @entity3 cases were examined histopathologically by means of the monoclonal antibody 22-1-1, which is specific for RCAS1. The correlation between RCAS1 expression and the clinicopathologic features of @entity0 was evaluated. Moreover, the correlation between RCAS1 expression and the survival of @entity0 was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method log-rank test, and multivariate analysis was performed by using the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS: The samples of 48 of the 102 @entity1 @entity0 (47.1%) were positive for RCAS1. There were significant correlations between RCAS1 expression and either pathologic staging (P = 0.0003) or @entity2 differentiation (P = 0.0308). The survival time for the RCAS1-positive group was significantly shorter than that for RCAS1-negative group (P < 0.0001). Moreover, multivariate analysis for overall survival revealed that RCAS1 expression was a significantly independent prognostic factor in @entity3 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: These results suggested that RCAS1 expression may play an important role in the immune escape mechanism and that RCAS1 expression may be a good indicator of poor prognosis in @entity0 with @entity3 .

title: Expression of XXXX -associated antigen RCAS1 correlates significantly with poor prognosis in @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purpose: @entity0 with @entity2 require repeated imaging for monitoring of aortic root @entity1 . Therefore, we evaluated the agreement and reproducibility of cine-MRI and echocardiography measurements of the sinuses of Valsalva in @entity0 with suspected @entity2 . Materials and Methods: 51 consecutive @entity0 with suspected @entity2 were prospectively examined using cine-MRI and echocardiography. Two readers independently measured aortic root diameters at the level of the sinuses of Valsalva in both cine-MRI and echocardiography. Statistics included intraclass correlation coefficient, Pearson correlation coefficient, Bland-Altman analysis, and two-sided t-test. Results: In 38 of the 51 individuals (74.5%), the diagnosis of @entity2 was established according to the criteria of the Ghent-2 nosology. Cine-MRI measurements of the sinuses of Valsalva revealed a strong correlation with echocardiography (r=0.929), but a statistically significant bias of -1.0mm (p<0.001). The mean absolute diameter for sinuses of Valsalva obtained by cine-MRI was 32.3  5.8mm as compared to 33.4  5.4mm obtained by echocardiography. Interobserver agreement of measurements of the sinuses of Valsalva was higher for cine-MRI than for echocardiography (p=0.029). Conclusion: Despite small, but statistically significant differences in terms of agreement and reproducibility, cine-MRI and echocardiographic measurements of aortic root diameters provide comparable results without a significant clinical difference. Therefore both techniques may be used for monitoring of the aortic root in @entity0 with @entity2 . Key points:       Cine-MRI (ICC: 0.93, CI: 0.88-0.96) and echocardiography (ICC: 0.90, CI: 0.82-0.94) allow assessment of aortic root diameters in @entity0 with @entity2      Cine-MRI offers higher reproducibility of aortic root diameters than echocardiography (95% limits of agreement of   3.6mm versus   5.0mm, p=0.029)      Aortic root measurements with cine-MRI and echocardiography reveal a small (mean difference; -1.0mm) but statistically significant offset (p=0.0004) Citation Format:       Bannas P., Rybczynski M., Sheikhzadeh S. etal. Comparison of Cine-MRI and Transthoracic Echocardiography for the Assessment of Aortic Root Diameters in @entity0 with Suspected Marfan Syndrome. Fortschr R  ntgenstr 2015; 187: 1022-1028.

title: Comparison of Cine-MRI and Transthoracic Echocardiography for the Assessment of Aortic Root Diameters in XXXX with Suspected Marfan Syndrome.

answer: @entity0


abstract: The stratum corneum and DNA repair do not completely protect keratinocytes from ultraviolet B. A third defense prevents cells with DNA photoproducts from becoming precancerous mutant cells: apoptosis of ultraviolet-damaged keratinocytes ("sunburn cells"). As signals for ultraviolet-induced apoptosis, some studies implicate DNA photoproducts in actively transcribed genes; other studies implicate non-nuclear signals. We traced and quantitated the in vivo DNA signal through several steps in the apoptosis-signaling pathway in haired @entity1 . Homozygous inactivation of @entity4 , @entity6 , or @entity5 nucleotide excision repair genes directed the accumulation of DNA photoproducts to specific genome regions. Repair-defective @entity4 -/- @entity1 were 7-10-fold more sensitive to sunburn cell induction than wild-type @entity1 , indicating that 86-90% of the ultraviolet B signal for keratinocyte apoptosis involved repairable photoproducts in DNA; the remainder involves unrepaired DNA lesions or nongenomic targets. @entity6 -/- @entity1 , defective only in excising photoproducts from actively transcribed genes, were as sensitive as @entity4 -/-, indicating that virtually all of the DNA signal originates from photoproducts in active genes. Conversely, @entity5 -/- @entity1 , defective in repairing the untranscribed majority of the genome, were as resistant to apoptosis as wild type. Sunburn cell formation requires the @entity2 @entity0 suppressor protein; 90-96% of the signal for its induction in vivo involved transcribed genes. @entity3 , which regulates the stability of @entity2 through degradation, was induced in vivo by low ultraviolet B doses but was suppressed at erythemal doses. DNA photoproducts in actively transcribed genes were involved in approximately 89% of the @entity3 response.

title: The DNA damage signal for @entity3 regulation, XXXX induction, and sunburn cell formation in vivo originates from actively transcribed genes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Currently available stents for intracranial use usually are balloon-expandable coronary stents that carry the risk of damaging a @entity4 , with potential vessel rupture. We assessed the technical feasibility and efficacy of the combined application of a flexible, self-expanding neurovascular stent and detachable coils in the management of wide-necked @entity1 in @entity0 . METHODS: Four consecutive @entity0 with a wide-necked @entity1 were treated with a combined approach that consisted of delivery of a flexible self-expanding neurovascular stent through a microcather to cover the neck of the @entity2 and subsequent filling of the @entity2 with coils through the stent interstices. The @entity2 were located at the internal carotid artery (n=2) and the basilar tip encroaching the P1 segment (n=2). Previous attempts with conventional endosaccular coil packing alone failed in all cases. RESULTS: Stent placement in the desired position with complete or nearly complete occlusion of the @entity2 was feasible in all @entity0 . In one @entity0 , @entity2 perforation with the microcatheter occurred and necessitated ventricular drainage, which led to a large parenchymal and @entity3 because of the strong anticoagulation regimen. Six-month follow-up demonstrated no focal neurologic sequelae in any of the @entity0 , except slight @entity5 in the @entity0 with @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Preliminary data demonstrate that this extremely flexible stent is technically easy to deploy and can be easily and safely maneuvered through severely tortuous vessels, enabling the treatment of @entity1 . The combination of endovascular reconstruction of the parent vessel with use of a self-expanding stent followed by coil embolization offers a promising therapeutic alternative for wide-necked @entity2 not amenable to coil embolization alone. Although immediate angiographic results are promising, long-term angiographic and clinical follow-up is essential to determine permanent vessel patency and @entity2 rate.

title: Treatment of wide-necked XXXX with a self-expanding stent system: initial clinical experience.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Suppression of the secretion of @entity9 , growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor 1 ( @entity5 ) might be important in the growth regulation and treatment of @entity0 . Because @entity8 may counteract the anti- @entity2 effects of such treatment, the combination of an anti- @entity8 ( @entity4 ), a @entity6 analogue (octreotide) and a potent anti- @entity9 (CV 205-502) might be attractive. In this respect, we performed a first exploratory long-term study on the feasibility of combined treatment and possible clear differences in endocrine and anti- @entity2 effects during such combined treatment vs standard treatment with @entity4 alone. Twenty-two post-menopausal @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 (ER and/or PR positive or unknown) were randomized to receive either 40 mg of @entity4 per day or the combination of 40 mg of @entity4 plus 75 microg of CV 205-502 orally plus 3 x 0.2 mg of @entity7 s.c. as first-line endocrine therapy. An objective response was found in 36% of the @entity1 treated with @entity4 alone and in 55% of the @entity1 treated with combination therapy. Median time to progression was 33 weeks for @entity1 treated with @entity4 and 84 weeks for @entity1 treated with combination therapy, but the numbers are too small for hard conclusions. There was no difference in overall post-relapse survival between the two treatment arms. With respect to the endocrine parameters, there was a significant decrease of plasma @entity5 levels in both treatment arms, whereas during combined treatment plasma growth hormone tended to decrease and plasma @entity9 levels were strongly suppressed; in some @entity1 insulin and @entity3 ( @entity10 ) decreased during the triple therapy. Although there was no significant difference in mean decrease of plasma @entity5 levels between the two treatment arms, combined treatment resulted in a more uniform suppression of @entity5 . Therefore, the addition of a @entity6 analogue and an anti- @entity9 may potentially enhance the efficacy of anti- @entity8 in the treatment of @entity0 owing to favourable endocrine and possible direct anti- @entity2 effects. Large phase III trials using depot formulations (to increase the feasibility) of @entity6 analogues are warranted to demonstrate the potential extra beneficial anti- @entity2 effects of such combination therapy.

title: Feasibility, endocrine and anti- @entity2 effects of a triple endocrine therapy with XXXX , a @entity6 analogue and an antiprolactin in post-menopausal metastatic @entity0 : a randomized study with long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Fetal and placental growth rate in @entity5 has been manipulated by removal of endometrial caruncles prior to conception. This produced two groups of fetuses, one in which prenatal growth rate was similar to normal and a second group in which the fetuses were about half of the normal size. The mortality in the latter group was high, particularly after catheterisation, and there was evidence of early @entity0 and fetal reabsorption. Prior to 125 days the relationship between fetal and placental size was poor, but after 126 days a close correlation between the two was apparent. The small fetuses had comparably small placentas and in all cases there was a close relationship between fetal and placental weight. The experimental @entity6 was associated with hypoglycaemia, @entity3 and hypoinsulinaemia. Plasma T3, T4 and particularly prolactin were very low in the small fetuses whilst levels of @entity4 and @entity2 were high. In contrast to the controls these fetuses showed little evidence of net @entity1 , @entity2 or @entity7 consumption. Infusion of 50% @entity1 into the pregnant ewe, sufficient to elevate maternal plasma @entity1 concentrations 2 to 3 fold, caused a comparable increase in the plasma concentrations of normal fetuses but only a 50% rise in the concentration in small fetuses. In contrast administration of 50% O2 to the ewes sufficient to cause a 2 to 3-fold increase in maternal @entity9 caused only a small increase of arterial @entity9 of normal fetuses but doubled that to normal levels in small fetuses. The results are discussed in relation to the effect of reduced placental size causing a fall in placental and transport and transport capacity and significance of this to the associated @entity8 .

title: Studies on experimental XXXX in @entity5 . The effects of a small placenta in restricting transport to and growth of the fetus.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity2 is the etiological agent of a @entity1 of @entity0 , known as anaplasmosis. The organism appears as a marginal inclusion in parasitized erythrocytes, but certain isolates also have bands associated with the inclusion. Inclusions and associated bands in parasitized erythrocytes in the liver and peripheral circulation were studied by light microscope cytochemistry and electron microscopy. Bands were comet- and dumbbell-shaped by light microscopy and were stained by techniques used to demonstrate protein and fibrin. The same forms, as well as other shapes, were seen in infected erythrocytes which were sectioned and examined by electron microscopy. Bands had longitudinal and transverse periodicity. They did not appear to have a crystalline structure. Their appearance was collated with that of @entity0 fibrin. Bands were well differentiated in erythrocytes that were entensively hemolyzed by natural or artificial means, but poorly differentiated in mildly hemolyzed erythrocytes. @entity1 methods appeared to influence the morphology of bands and their demonstration.

title: The nature of bands in parasitized XXXX erythrocytes.

answer: @entity0