abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 , an @entity6 , was isolated from Salvia austriaca transformed roots grown in in vitro conditions. The compound is known to have antibacterial, cytotoxic and anti- @entity1 properties. This study evaluates the ability of pure @entity5 and extracts obtained from the S. austriaca hairy roots and roots from field-grown plants to inhibit @entity0 acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase. Both extracts were found to have similar actions against acetylcholinesterase. The IC50 for extracts from transformed and untransformed roots were 142.5 and 139.5     g   @entity4 , respectively. The highest activity towards @entity0 acetylcholinesterase was demonstrated by @entity5 (IC50    =   54.84     g   @entity4 ). With respect to @entity3 inhibition, the root extracts demonstrated stronger activity (IC50    =   23.6     g   @entity4 : field-grown plants and 41.6     g   @entity4 : transformed roots) than @entity5 (IC50    =   195.9     g   @entity4 ). @entity5 showed significant cytotoxicity against A549 cell line (IC50    =   9.1     g   @entity4 ), whereas the activities for the extracts from S. austriaca roots of field-grown plants (IC50    =   75.7     g   @entity4 ) and hairy roots (IC50    =   86.2     g   @entity4 ) were lower. Computer modelling suggests that @entity5 should not demonstrate @entity2 or genotoxic activity. It also indicates that @entity5 should demonstrate very rapid transport from the body with very good blood-brain barrier penetration, but with no cumulative effect on the @entity0 body. The obtained results indicate that @entity5 is a safe compound and may be used for further investigations in pharmacological activities. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: @entity5 and Extracts from Salvia austriaca Roots as XXXX Cholinesterase Inhibitors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES: To describe and understand the perceptions of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and the interests and preferences for a @entity1 intervention of @entity0 on @entity3 -deprivation therapy (ADT) within a two-phase (formative and intervention research) feasibility study.   . RESEARCH APPROACH: Qualitative, descriptive.   . SETTING: Princess Margaret Cancer Centre and Odette Cancer Centre, both in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.   . @entity0 : 27 @entity0 on ADT.   . METHODOLOGIC APPROACH: @entity0 were recruited from @entity2 clinics. Nine focus groups were conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 until data saturation was reached. Probe questions assessed perceptions regarding @entity1 and preferences for a mobile @entity1 intervention. Data were transcribed verbatim, and a thematic analysis was conducted.   . FINDINGS: Twenty-seven @entity0 with a mean age of 73.5 years (SD = 8.1 years) volunteered for the study. Most @entity0 were aware of the health risks associated with @entity1 , but most discussed @entity1 in terms of increasing physical activity (PA). Many @entity0 were interested in a mobile application to reduce @entity1 and expressed that the design should be easy to use, have an alerting function to interrupt sitting, have the ability to track and monitor PA levels, be tailored to the individual, and involve social support.    . CONCLUSIONS: These findings will inform the development and evaluation of a novel @entity1 intervention to improve health outcomes in this population.   . INTERPRETATION: Oncology nurses may serve as a motivational factor in encouraging @entity0 on ADT to reduce @entity1 .    .

title: A Qualitative Study Exploring the Perceptions    of Sedentary Behavior in XXXX Survivors Receiving @entity3 -Deprivation Therapy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity4 is an inevitable result of getting older in both sexes. This loss is accelerated in @entity0 in the early years following menopause and in both sexes with drugs and diseases, prominently @entity5 . @entity2 and @entity5 , both of which are widely recognized clinical entities, have been thought to arise from low @entity3 levels and high thyroid hormone levels, respectively. However, when @entity3 declines, follicle-stimulating hormone, an anterior pituitary hormone, rises. Likewise, when thyroid hormone levels rise in @entity5 , thyroid-stimulating hormone levels fall. We have used a complement of @entity1 genetic, pharmacological, and cell biological approaches to unravel a direct action of follicle-stimulating hormone and thyroid-stimulating hormone on bone remodeling and bone mass. Apart from establishing a novel pituitary-bone axis of physiological significance, our studies challenge the existing 1-hormone, 1-disease paradigm in endocrinology and suggest that a plurality of hormonal disturbances involving pituitary hormones cause postmenopausal and @entity5 . New therapeutic targets thus emerge from these studies. Mt Sinai J Med 76:474-483, 2009. (c) 2009 Mount Sinai School of Medicine.

title: Paradigm shift in the pathophysiology of postmenopausal and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity3 in hospitalized @entity0 is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: We examined whether @entity2 is more strongly associated with relative or @entity3 . DESIGN: The study was an observational cohort study. @entity0 AND SETTING: A total of 2290 @entity0 acutely admitted to a tertiary hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: The relative @entity3 ( @entity3 ratio [SHR]) was defined as admission @entity1 divided by estimated average @entity1 derived from glycosylated hemoglobin. The relationships between @entity1 and SHR with @entity2 (in-hospital death or critical care) were examined. RESULTS: In univariable analyses, SHR (odds ratio, 1.23 per 0.1 increment [95% confidence interval, 1.18-1.28]; P < .001) and @entity1 (odds ratio, 1.18 per mmol/L [1.13-1.23]; P < .001) were associated with @entity2 . In multivariable analysis, the association was maintained for SHR (odds ratio, 1.20 per 0.1 increment [1.13-1.28]; P < .001), but not @entity1 (odds ratio, 1.03 per mmol/L [0.97-1.11]; P = .31). Background @entity3 affected the relationship between @entity1 (P = .002) and @entity2 , but not SHR (P = .35) and @entity2 . In @entity0 with admission @entity1  <=10 mmol/L, the odds ratio for @entity2 was higher in the fourth (2.4 [1.4-4.2]; P = .001) and fifth (3.9 [2.3-6.8]; P < .001) SHR quintiles than in the lowest SHR quintile. CONCLUSIONS: SHR controls for background glycemia and is a better biomarker of @entity2 than @entity3 . SHR identifies @entity0 with relative @entity3 at risk of @entity2 . Future studies should explore whether basing @entity1 -lowering therapy on relative, rather than absolute, @entity3 improves outcomes in hospitalized @entity0 .

title: Relative @entity3 , a Marker of @entity2 : Introducing the Stress XXXX Ratio.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Adjuvants Systems (AS) containing immunostimulant combinations are used in @entity0 vaccines. Safety pharmacology studies evaluated the cardiorespiratory effects of AS in conscious telemetered @entity2 and in anaesthetised @entity1 . Sixteen telemetered @entity2 (4/group) received intramuscular injections of saline at Day 0, and one clinical dose of AS01, AS03, AS04 or AS15 at Day 7 (7  the equivalent @entity0 dose on a bodyweight basis). Bodyweights were measured through Day 14 and cardiorespiratory parameters and body temperature through 72 h post-treatment. Anaesthetised @entity1 (4/group) received one intravenous injection of AS01, AS03 or AS15 at 1 mL/kg bodyweight (140  the equivalent @entity0 dosages), or saline. Cardiorespiratory parameters were measured for 120 min post-dose. In @entity2 , food consumption and mean bodyweight decreased with AS03, and mean body temperature slightly increased with AS01, AS03 and AS15, but were not considered to be adverse. Cardiovascular effects (a slight, reversible increase in mean heart rate and shortened mean RR/PR/QT-intervals) were observed with AS15. No relevant clinical effects or effects on QRS-complex/QTc-interval durations, arterial pressure or respiratory parameters were observed. In @entity1 , there were no consistent treatment-related effects. Collectively, this suggests that AS01, AS03, AS04 and AS15 are not associated with potentially deleterious effects on ventricular repolarisation, atrio/intra-ventricular conductivities or respiratory functions.

title: Effects of Adjuvant Systems on the cardiovascular and respiratory functions in telemetered conscious XXXX and anaesthetised @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Clinical studies have shown that probiotics positively affect oral health by decreasing gum bleeding and/or reducing salivary counts of certain oral pathogens. Our aim was to investigate the inhibitory effect of six probiotic lactobacilli against opportunistic @entity12 species. Sugar utilisation by both lactobacilli and Candida was also assessed. Agar overlay assay was utilised to study growth inhibition of @entity9 , @entity13 and Candida krusei by @entity5 , @entity7 @entity10 Shirota, @entity14 , @entity7 CD2, @entity11 LB86 and @entity11 LB Lact. The inhibitory effect was measured at pH 5.5, 6.4, and 7.2, respectively, and in the presence of five different @entity6 in growth medium ( @entity0 , @entity1 , @entity3 , @entity2 , and @entity8 ). Growth and final pH values were measured at two-hour time points to 24 h. @entity5 showed the strongest inhibitory activity in @entity1 and @entity0 medium against @entity9 , followed by @entity10 Shirota, @entity14 and @entity7 CD2. None of the lactobacilli tested affected the growth of C. krusei. Only @entity5 produced slight inhibitory effect on @entity13 . The lower pH values led to larger inhibition zones. Sugar fermentation profiles varied between the strains. @entity10 Shirota grew in the presence of all @entity6 tested, whereas @entity7 CD2 could utilise only @entity0 and @entity1 . All Candida species metabolised the available @entity6 but the most rapid growth was observed with @entity13 . The results suggest that commercially available probiotics differ in their inhibitory activity and @entity4 utilisation; the above properties are modified by different pH values and @entity6 with more pronounced inhibition at lower pH.

title: Inhibitory activity in vitro of probiotic lactobacilli against XXXX under different fermentation conditions.

answer: @entity12


abstract: In a population-based case-control study we have previously shown that 14% of healthy Manitobans carry one or two mutations in the @entity5 locus, a gene highly associated with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The @entity5 protein is the receptor responsible for recognition of bacterial peptidoglycans, and it is plausible that @entity5 is involved in the recognition of mycobacteria. Thirty-seven percent of Manitobans with @entity1 had >or=1 @entity5 mutation, leading to a threefold increased risk of @entity1 for single-mutant carriers and a 30-fold increased risk for double-mutant carriers. In the same population groups, we assessed the seroprevalence for Mycobacterium @entity4 and found it to be 35%, with no differences between @entity1 , @entity2 ( @entity2 ), and controls. Because of high rates of @entity1 and @entity2 in Manitoba, we assessed whether there was an interaction between carrying a @entity5 mutation and M. @entity4 seropositivity. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serum antibodies to M. @entity4 in @entity3 was adapted for @entity0 use. DNA was purified from whole blood. Subjects were genotyped for three @entity5 variants, @entity7 , @entity8 , and @entity6 . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that @entity5 gene mutations significantly associated with @entity1 , but M. @entity4 serology did not. Furthermore, there was no interaction between @entity5 mutation status and M. @entity4 serology status. For those with the @entity5 mutation, the likelihood of @entity1 subjects having positive M. @entity4 serology was similar to that of controls (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 0.55-3.11). No interaction could be proven for @entity2 or by combining @entity1 and @entity2 compared to controls. In conclusion, we could not find an interaction between the @entity5 genotype and M. @entity4 serology in relationship to @entity1 or @entity2 .

title: Testing the interaction between @entity5 status and serological response to Mycobacterium XXXX in cases of inflammatory bowel disease.

answer: @entity4


abstract: PURPOSE: The value of specialization has frequently been challenged by many health care institutions and providers. This review was conducted to determine whether there were any outcome differences in the management of @entity2 complicating @entity3 . METHODS: We conducted an historical cohort study using hospital charts of all cases of @entity2 complicating @entity3 that were operated on in four university-affiliated hospitals between 1975 and 1995. There were 122 @entity0 , with 37 under the care of fully trained colorectal surgeons and 85 under the care of general surgeons. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in @entity0 demographics, preoperative comorbidities, or the number of preoperative diagnostic investigations between the two groups. The colorectal surgeons performed more intraoperative ureteral stenting (Colorectal Surgery 55.5 percent vs. General Surgery 24.4 percent, P = 0.001). The general surgeons performed more initial diverting Hartmann's and colostomy procedures (Colorectal Surgery 5.4 percent vs. General Surgery 27 percent, P = 0.013). The @entity0 in the General Surgery group had longer preoperative lengths of stay (median Colorectal Surgery 3 (range, 1-28) days vs. General Surgery 8 (range, 0-29) days; P < 0.001), longer postoperative lengths of stay (median Colorectal Surgery 11 (range, 5-40) days vs. General Surgery 14 (range, 2-80) days; P = 0.001), and longer total lengths of stay (median Colorectal Surgery 14 (range, 6-62) days vs. General Surgery 24 (range, 6-100) days; P < 0.001). The @entity0 in the General Surgery group experienced a higher rate of wound @entity1 (Colorectal Surgery 5.4 percent vs. General Surgery 12.9 percent), and a larger proportion of them experienced complications (Colorectal Surgery 27 percent vs. General Surgery 41.2 percent). CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that specialization in colon and rectal surgery contributed to an improved outcome, with a lower rate of diverting procedures, a shorter hospital stay, and a lower rate of complications.

title: The value of specialization--is there an outcome difference in the management of @entity2 complicating XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 value rewards less when these are delivered in the future as opposed to immediately, a phenomenon referred to as delay discounting. While delay discounting has been studied during the anticipation of rewards and in the context of intertemporal decision-making, little is known about its neural correlates in the outcome phase (during reward delivery) and their relation to @entity4 . Personality traits that have been associated with increased delay discounting include @entity1 and, potentially, @entity3 . Here we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in 72 healthy @entity0 while they carried out a @entity2 ( @entity2 ) task with a delay manipulation. In sixty percent of the experimental trials, @entity0 won rewards that differed in magnitude (0.05   , 0.50    or 1   ) and delay until delivery (immediately, 10 days, or 100 days). A factor analysis on questionnaires yielded two factors reflecting Impulsivity and @entity3 , which we used to examine potential relationships between @entity4 and delay discounting. When winning a reward, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) activation was higher for immediate compared to delayed rewards. Moreover, amygdala activation correlated with reward magnitude for immediate but not for delayed rewards. Amygdala activation to winning immediate rewards was higher in more impulsive @entity0 , while mPFC activation to winning immediate rewards was higher in more anxious-depressed @entity0 . Our results uncover neural correlates of delay discounting during reward delivery, and suggest that @entity1 and subclinical @entity3 are related to stronger neural responses for winning immediate relative to delayed rewards.

title: XXXX without decision-making: medial prefrontal cortex and amygdala activations reflect immediacy processing and correlate with @entity1 and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with a complication of pregnancy are at increased risk of @entity1 and mortality later in life. Yet, information on risk of recurrent events in @entity0 with a previous cardiovascular event is lacking. We aimed to assess the relationship between early @entity3 , (recurrent) miscarriage and the risk for recurrent @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 . METHODS: We included 1014 @entity0 with a mean age of 60 years from the SMART study, a prospective ongoing cohort study among subjects with clinically @entity2 . The included @entity0 had a history of >= 1 pregnancy and were followed for the occurrence of subsequent vascular events. The relationship between the pregnancy complications ((miscarriage (gestational age <14 weeks), recurrent miscarriage (>= 3 miscarriages) and early @entity3 (gestational age 14-32 weeks)) and @entity1 and mortality were estimated using multivariable adjusted hazard ratios. RESULTS: During a mean follow-up of 5.0 years, 80 @entity0 had a recurrent cardiovascular event, of which 28 were fatal. A history of recurrent miscarriage was associated with an increased risk for a recurrent cardiovascular event (hazard ratio 4.3 95% confidence interval 1.7--10.9). In addition, early @entity3 was related to a 4.1 (95% confidence interval 1.5--11.3) fold increased risk of @entity1 in @entity0 with previous @entity1 . No statistically significant relationships were found for less than three miscarriages. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with previous @entity1 , an obstetric history of recurrent miscarriage is associated with an increased risk of recurrent @entity1 and early @entity3 with @entity1 .

title: Relationship between recurrent miscarriage and early @entity3 and recurrent events in XXXX with @entity2 : The SMART study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity11 , approved in late 2014 in the United States and Japan for the treatment of @entity2 characterized by difficulty achieving and/or maintaining sleep, is a dual orexin receptor antagonist and the first drug in its class to reach the market. Its development followed from the 1998 discovery of orexins (also called hypocretins), excitatory neuropeptides originating from neurons in the hypothalamus involved in regulation of sleep and wake, feeding behavior and energy regulation, motor activity, and reward-seeking behavior. @entity11 objectively improves sleep, shortening the time to achieve persistent sleep and reducing wake after sleep onset, although at approved doses ( <=20 mg) the benefit was subjectively assessed as modest. Its half-life of 12 hours is relatively long for a modern hypnotic; however, at approved doses ( <=20 mg) next-day sedation and driving impairment were much less apparent than at higher doses. @entity11 is metabolized by the hepatic @entity10 system and should be avoided in combination with strong @entity10 inhibitors. Drug levels are higher in @entity0 and @entity3 @entity0 ; hence, dosing should be conservative in @entity3 @entity0 . Administration with food delays drug absorption and is not advised. No dose adjustment is needed for advanced age, @entity1 , or mild-to-moderate @entity5 . @entity11 in contraindicated in @entity7 and has not been studied in @entity0 . In alignment with the changes begun in 2013 in the labeling of other hypnotics, the United States Food and Drug Administration advises that the lowest dose effective to treat symptoms be used and that @entity0 be advised of the possibility of next-day impairment in function, including driving. Infrequent but notable side effects included @entity6 , @entity9 , and suicidal ideation that were dose-related and reported to be mild. Given its mechanism of action, @entity8 and rapid eye movement (REM) @entity4 could potentially occur in some @entity0 taking this medication.

title: Profile of XXXX in the management of @entity2 .

answer: @entity11


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a common cause of the @entity8 . Treatment with standard regimens fails to induce complete remission in most @entity0 . We evaluated the efficacy of combination therapy with rituximab, low-dose, oral @entity5 , and an accelerated @entity3 taper ( @entity9 ) for the treatment of @entity1 . METHODS: We analyzed 15 consecutive @entity0 with @entity1 treated with @entity9 at Massachusetts General Hospital. Seven @entity0 (47%) received @entity9 as initial therapy, and the other eight @entity0 (53%) received @entity9 for relapsing or refractory disease. All @entity0 had at least 1  year of follow-up. The co-primary outcomes were attainment of partial and complete remission. Partial remission was defined as a urinary protein to @entity6 ratio (UPCR)   <   3  g/g and a 50% reduction from baseline. Complete remission was defined as a UPCR   <   0.3  g/g. Secondary outcomes were serious adverse events and the change in @entity4 , serum @entity6 , serum albumin, @entity2 , @entity7 , and immunoglobulin G levels after 1  year of treatment. RESULTS: Over a median follow-up time of 37 (IQR, 34-44) months, 100% of @entity0 achieved partial remission and 93% of @entity0 achieved complete remission at a median time of 2 and 13  months, respectively. After 1  year of treatment, median (IQR) UPCR declined from 8.2 (6.6-11.1) to 0.3 (0.2-0.7) g/g (P   <   0.001). Three serious adverse events occurred over 51 @entity0 years. No @entity0 died or progressed to ESKD. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of @entity1 with @entity9 resulted in high rates of complete remission. Larger studies evaluating this regimen are warranted.

title: Combination therapy with rituximab, low-dose @entity5 , and XXXX for @entity1 : a case series.

answer: @entity3


abstract: @entity3 is a life-long debilitating @entity2 affecting tens of millions of @entity0 worldwide. The serendipitous discovery of antipsychotics focused pharmaceutical research on developing a better antipsychotic. Our understanding of the disorder has advanced however, with the knowledge that @entity1 are required for @entity0 in order to improve their everyday lives. While antipsychotics treat @entity4 , they do not enhance cognition and hence are not antischizophrenics. Developing pro-cognitive therapeutics has been extremely difficult, however, especially when no approved treatment exists. In lieu of stumbling on an efficacious treatment, developing targeted compounds can be facilitated by understanding the neural mechanisms underlying altered cognitive functioning in @entity0 . Equally importantly, these cognitive domains will need to be measured similarly in animals and @entity0 so that novel targets can be tested prior to conducting expensive clinical trials. To date, the limited similarity of testing across species has resulted in a translational bottleneck. In this review, we emphasize that @entity3 is a disorder characterized by abnormal @entity1 . Quantifying these abnormalities using tasks having cross-species validity would enable the quantification of comparable processes in rodents. This approach would increase the likelihood that the neural substrates underlying relevant behaviors will be conserved across species. Hence, we detail cross-species tasks which can be used to test the effects of manipulations relevant to @entity3 and putative therapeutics. Such tasks offer the hope of providing a bridge between non-clinical and clinical testing that will eventually lead to treatments developed specifically for @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Developing treatments for XXXX in @entity3 : the challenge of translation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Novel molecular photochemistry can be developed by combining high pressure and laser irradiation. For studying such high-pressure effects on the confined electronic ground and excited states, we extend the PCM (polarizable continuum model) SAC (symmetry-adapted cluster) and SAC-CI (SAC-configuration interaction) methods to the PCM-XP (extreme pressure) framework. By using the PCM-XP SAC/SAC-CI method, molecular systems in various electronic states can be confined by polarizable media in a smooth and flexible way. The PCM-XP SAC/SAC-CI method is applied to a @entity1 ( @entity2 ) molecule in @entity0 at high pressure (1-60 GPa). The relationship between the calculated free-energy and cavity volume can be approximately represented with the Murnaghan equation of state. The excitation energies of @entity1 in @entity0 show blueshifts with increasing pressure, and the extents of the blueshifts significantly depend on the character of the excitations. Particularly large confinement effects are found in the Rydberg states. The energy ordering of the lowest Rydberg and valence states alters under high-pressure. The pressure effects on the electronic structure may be classified into two contributions: a confinement of the molecular orbital and a suppression of the mixing between the valence and Rydberg configurations. The valence or Rydberg character in an excited state is, therefore, enhanced under high pressure.

title: Modeling Molecular Systems at Extreme Pressure by an Extension of the Polarizable Continuum Model (PCM) Based on the Symmetry-Adapted Cluster-Configuration Interaction (SAC-CI) Method: Confined Electronic Excited States of XXXX as a Test Case.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Allogeneic donor T cells in bone marrow transplantation (BMT) can contribute to @entity6 (GVL) effects but can also cause @entity6 ( @entity6 ). A successful method for the ex vivo treatment of donor T cells to limit their @entity6 potential while retaining GVL activity would have broad clinical applications for @entity0 undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for @entity1 . We hypothesized that donor lymphocyte infusions treated with @entity8 , an immunosuppressive @entity7 analog, would have reduced @entity6 potential in a fully major histocompatibility complex-mismatched C57BL/6 --> B10.BR @entity2 BMT model. Recipients of @entity8 -treated donor lymphocyte infusions (F-DLI) had significantly reduced @entity6 mortality, reduced histopathologic evidence of @entity6 , and lower inflammatory serum cytokine levels than recipients of untreated DLI. Combined comparisons of @entity6 incidence and donor-derived hematopoietic chimerism indicated that F-DLI had a therapeutic index superior to that of untreated DLI. Furthermore, adoptive immunotherapy of @entity4 using F-DLI in the C57BL/6 --> B10.BR model demonstrated a broad therapeutic index with markedly reduced @entity6 activity and preservation of GVL activity compared with untreated allogeneic T cells. @entity8 exposure markedly reduced the @entity3 + @entity5 (low)-naive donor T-cell population within 48 hours of transplantation and altered the relative representation of cytokine-producing @entity3 + T cells, consistent with T-helper type 2 polarization. However, proliferation of @entity8 -treated T cells in allogeneic recipient spleens was equivalent to that of untreated T cells. The results suggest that @entity8 reduces the @entity6 potential of donor lymphocytes through effects on a @entity3 + @entity5 (low) T-cell population, with less effect on alloreactive T cells and @entity3 + @entity5 (high) memory T cells that are able to mediate GVL effects. Thus, F-DLI represents a novel method of immune modulation that may be useful to enhance immune reconstitution among allograft recipients with reduced risk of @entity6 while retaining beneficial GVL effects.

title: Ex vivo XXXX exposure inhibits graft-versus-host activity of allogeneic T cells while preserving graft-versus-leukemia effects.

answer: @entity8


abstract: The V0V1-ATPase of @entity3 catalyzes @entity1 synthesis coupled with proton translocation. It consists of an ATPase-active V1 part (ABDF) and a proton channel V0 part (CLEGI), but the arrangement of each subunit is still largely unknown. Here we found that acid treatment of V0V1-ATPase induced its dissociation into two subcomplexes, one with subunit composition ABDFCL and the other with EGI. Exposure of the isolated V0 to acid or 8 m @entity2 also produced two subcomplexes, EGI and CL. Thus, the C subunit (homologue of d subunit, @entity0 @entity5 ) associates with the L subunit ring tightly, and I (homologue of 100-kDa subunit, @entity0 @entity4 ), E, and G subunits constitute a stable complex. Based on these observations and our recent demonstration that D, F, and L subunits rotate relative to A3B3 (Imamura, H., Nakano, M., Noji, H., Muneyuki, E., Ohkuma, S., Yoshida, M., and Yokoyama, K. (2003) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 100, 2312-2315; Yokoyama, K., Nakano, M., Imamura, H., Yoshida, M., and Tamakoshi, M. (2003) J. Biol. Chem. 278, 24255-24258), we propose that C, D, F, and L subunits constitute the central rotor shaft and A, B, E, G, and I subunits comprise the surrounding stator apparatus in the V0V1-ATPase.

title: Subunit arrangement in V-ATPase from XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: To evaluate the incidence of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) in @entity0 with @entity2 using a nationwide retrospective population-based dataset. @entity0 newly diagnosed with @entity2 between 1997 and 2010 were identified using Taiwan's National Health Insurance database. @entity0 with antecedent @entity1 were excluded. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for @entity1 were calculated and compared with the @entity1 incidence in the general population. Risk factors for @entity1 development were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models. Effects of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy after @entity2 diagnosis were regarded as time-dependent variables to prevent immortal time bias.During the 14-year study period (follow-up of 56,214 @entity0 -years), 707 @entity1 developed in 12,127 @entity0 with @entity2 . The SIR for all @entity1 was 2.78 (95% confidence interval 2.58-3.00). SIRs for follow-up periods of>5, 1-5, and<1 year were 1.87, 2.04, and 6.40, respectively. After the exclusion of @entity1 occurring within 1 year of @entity2 diagnosis, SIRs were significantly higher for @entity1 of the colon, rectum, and anus (2.14); lung and mediastinum (1.58); breast (1.68); cervix (1.65); uterus (7.96); bladder (3.17), and thyroid (2.23); as well as for @entity3 (3.98) and others (3.83). Multivariate analysis showed that age >=  50 years was a significant @entity1 risk factor (hazard ratio [HR] 1.60). Different treatments for @entity2 , including radiotherapy (HR 2.07) and chemotherapy (HR 1.27), had different impacts on @entity1 risk. @entity0 with @entity2 are at increased risk of @entity1 development. Age >=  50 years, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are independent risk factors. Close surveillance of @entity0 at high risk should be considered for the early detection of @entity1 .

title: Secondary Primary Malignancy Risk in XXXX With @entity2 in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 has an inhibitory action on ultraviolet (UV) B-induced melanocyte activation. This study examined the sex differences in the inhibitory action of @entity5 on UVB-induced melanocyte activation. METHODS: We irradiated the eye and ear of male and female @entity0 with UVB at a dose of 1.0 kJ/m(2) using a 20SE sunlamp. We orally administered @entity5 (750 mg/kg/day) at 30 min before UVB exposure. RESULTS: @entity5 inhibited the UVB-induced epidermal melanocyte activation, and the effect was more remarkable under UVB eye irradiation than under UVB ear irradiation. Furthermore, the melanocyte activity suppression effect was stronger in female @entity0 than in male @entity0 . Following the administration of @entity5 , the female displayed increased blood levels of b-endorphin and  -opioid receptor and @entity1 receptor b expression in comparison to the male. Furthermore, the effect of melanocyte activity suppression in the female @entity0 was decreased by the administration of @entity3 (antagonist of @entity2 receptor) or @entity4 (antagonist of  -opioid receptor). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the suppression by @entity5 of the UVB-induced melanocyte activation (UVB sensitivity) is stronger in female @entity0 than in male @entity0 , and that female hormones and b-endorphin play an important role in this sex difference. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: The gender differences in the inhibitory action of UVB-induced melanocyte activation by the administration of XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: This split-mouth clinical study aimed to investigate levels of @entity3 (a2M) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of @entity4 @entity0 pre- and post-scaling and root planing (SRP) with or without adjunctive use of @entity2 fibers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 30 @entity0 of @entity4 , samples of GCF were collected from the gingival sulcus before SRP. Recording of clinical parameters was conducted. This was followed by @entity1 ( @entity1 ) of @entity2 fibers in test sites. In control sites, no @entity1 was done. Second samples of GCF were taken 90 days after treatment. Samples of crevicular fluid were analyzed to determine the levels of a2m. RESULTS: A gain of clinical attachment (CAL) of 3.30 mm for SRP and @entity1 and for SRP alone was 1.62 mm (p < 0.001). The pocket probing depth was significantly decreased by 2.43 mm for SRP and @entity1 and for SRP alone was 1.61 mm (p < 0.001) after 90 days. @entity3 was significantly reduced in GCF by SRP and SRP and @entity1 after 90 days (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Clinical and biochemical variables showed a more favorable outcome when SRP was combined with @entity1 of @entity2 fibers in management of @entity0 suffering from @entity4 .

title: @entity3 Levels in Gingival Crevicular Fluid Pre- and Post-scaling and Root Planing with Adjunctive XXXX Fibers in @entity4 : A Randomized Controlled Trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Little is known about whether @entity7 is a presentation of @entity5 . There is a paucity of knowledge about their causal relationship and also the impact of different antithrombotic strategies on the subsequent presentation of symptomatic @entity5 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We studied 7,526 Chinese @entity0 diagnosed with non-valvular @entity7 and no documented history of @entity6 . The primary endpoint was the new occurrence of @entity6 or @entity8 . After a mean follow-up of 3.2  3.5 years (24,071 @entity0 -years), a primary endpoint occurred in 987 @entity0 (13.1%). The overall annual incidence of @entity6 was 4.10%/year. No significant differences in age, sex, and mean CHA2DS2-VASc score were observed between @entity0 with and without the primary endpoint. When stratified according to the antithrombotic strategies applied for @entity2 prevention, the annual incidence of @entity6 was 5.49%/year, 4.45%/year and 2.16%/year respectively in those prescribed no antithrombotic therapy, @entity3 , and @entity9 . Similar trends were observed in @entity0 with @entity8 . @entity1 , smoking history and @entity4 requiring dialysis were predictors for primary endpoint in all antithrombotic therapies. CONCLUSION: In @entity0 with non-valvular @entity7 , there is a modest association with @entity6 . @entity0 prescribed @entity9 had the lowest risk of new onset @entity6 .

title: Impact of Antithrombotic Therapy in XXXX on the Presentation of @entity6 .

answer: @entity7


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of laparoscopic resection of the uterosacral ligaments in @entity0 with @entity4 . DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial. SETTING: Two academic departments. One hundred eighty @entity0 undergoing operative laparoscopy as first-line therapy for stage I to IV symptomatic @entity1 . INTERVENTION(S): Operative laparoscopy including uterosacral ligament resection or conservative surgery alone. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Proportion of @entity0 with recurrence of moderate or severe @entity5 1 year after surgery. RESULT(S): No complications occurred. Among the @entity0 who were evaluable 1 year after operative laparoscopy, 23 of 78 (29%) @entity0 who had uterosacral ligament resection and 21 of 78 (27%) @entity0 who had conservative surgery only reported recurrent @entity5 . The corresponding numbers of @entity0 at 3 years were 21 of 59 (36%) @entity0 and 18 of 57 (32%) @entity0 , respectively. Time to recurrence was similar in the two groups. @entity3 was substantially reduced, and @entity0 in both groups experienced similar and significant improvements in health-related quality of life, @entity2 profile, and sexual satisfaction. Overall, 68 of 90 (75%) @entity0 in the uterosacral ligament resection group and 67 of 90 (74%) @entity0 in the conservative surgery group were satisfied at 1 year. CONCLUSION(S): Addition of uterosacral ligament resection to conservative laparoscopic surgery for @entity1 did not reduce the medium- or long-term frequency and severity of recurrence of @entity5 .

title: Laparoscopic uterosacral ligament resection for XXXX associated with @entity1 : results of a randomized, controlled trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) may exhibit a fusiform, epithelioid or mixed pattern of growth. Only rare articles report the cytologic and immunohistochemical features of @entity1 . CASE: A 57-year-old @entity0 presented with a @entity1 mass in the small intestine omentum measuring 8 x 7 cm; it was surgically removed. Five years later 2 mesenteric relapses were studied by fine needle aspiration biopsy and later surgically excised. Cytologically the smears contained small clusters of epithelioid and plasmacytoid cells with round nuclei. The presence of nucleoli and occasional nuclear grooves were prominent. Focally the background was myxoid. Histologically the @entity1 showed an epithelioid pattern with moderate pleomorphism and mitoses in 6 of 50 high-power fields. Immunohistochemical study showed positivity for @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity3 , smooth muscle actin and caldesmon, and focally for @entity4 and cytokeratin. CONCLUSION: This case illustrates the difficulty in making a reliable diagnosis of the epithelioid variant of GIST by cytology alone. The immunohistochemical panel (apart from @entity5 ) should include smooth muscle markers and cytokeratins because they are more likely to be reactive. A complete cytoimmunohistochemical evaluation is mandatory to make an accurate diagnosis.

title: Malignant epithelioid gastrointestinal XXXX : report of a case with cytologic and immunohistochemical studies.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity12 ( @entity12 ) has been known to promote cardiac oxidative stress in models of @entity3 and @entity1 . @entity6 ( @entity9 ) is a potent antioxidant. The impact of @entity9 and @entity12 on cardiac oxidative status in healthy hearts is unclear. AIM: we aimed to determine the impact of @entity12 and/or @entity9 on blood pressure and myocardial oxidative status in normal @entity2 hearts. METHOD: Young adult @entity2 were randomly assigned into four groups; conventional diet (control), @entity12 , @entity9 , or simultaneous combination of @entity12   +   @entity9 for 10 weeks. Blood pressure, lipids levels, and cardiac levels of oxidants and antioxidants were measured. RESULT: @entity12 was associated with an increase in @entity5 level and a mild @entity3 (SBP), whereas @entity9 reduced SBP. Relative to control, no changes were observed in levels of @entity7 and @entity8 ( @entity11 ) system, however, a significant decrease in @entity10 reactive substances (TBARS) level was observed in all groups with a parallel increase in @entity13 activities. @entity4 dismutase and @entity13 activities were increased in the @entity9 group. Relative to the @entity12 group, the @entity12   +   @entity9 group was associated with a significant increase in the activities of @entity11 peroxidase and reductase. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in TBARS levels and the increase in @entity13 activities suggest that normal hearts adapt compensatory mechanisms to prevent oxidative damage in response to the mild increase in SBP associated with @entity12 . Use of @entity9 with @entity12 further enhanced antioxidant activities probably to balance the potential increase in reactive @entity0 species.

title: An evaluation of the effect of XXXX on blood pressure and myocardial oxidative status following intake of western diet.

answer: @entity6


abstract: @entity1 is a common disorder, affecting approximately 1 out of every 100 @entity0 , with a typical onset during adolescence and early adulthood. The personal and societal costs of @entity1 are extremely high. Prevention of @entity1 , would offer substantial benefits to @entity0 , their family members, and the community at large. The prodromal phase of @entity1 has been recognized since the 19th century. At-risk individuals for @entity2 and @entity1 are the subjects who can provide information for intervention prior to development of @entity2 . This approach is currently being investigated. The question remains, however, whether it can be a diagnostic category by itself. The proposal for including the @entity3 is one of the recommendations by the working group on @entity1 and @entity4 for the forthcoming DSM-V. There are differing views in academia regarding this proposal. Prior to becoming fully @entity2 , a consistent literature demonstrates that @entity0 generally had suffered from accelerating attenuated symptoms and distress. It is important that the prodromal phase be accurately recognized in order to accomplish the goal of prevention. We can then purposefully engage in early intervention aiming toward prevention. A recent strong resurgent interest in this area stems largely from two developments: First, the identification of the neurobiological deficit processes associated with the severity and chronicity of @entity1 , and second, the development of reliable criteria for diagnosis. Although the general at-risk construct appears to offer great potential to advance both the treatment and research dealing with @entity2 , it seems premature to many researchers to include the syndrome as an established entity in the text of the new DSM-V. It would be far more appropriate to include this proposed syndrome in the appendix and evaluate the many contemporary issues in future studies. The main issues involved in this discussion are the clinical validity of the syndrome, concern about stigma and unnecessary treatment, and need for responding to @entity0 ' distress in addition to the ethical dilemma. In this review we examine the issue of inclusion of the @entity3 as a diagnosis.

title: "Attenuated @entity2 " as a @entity3 of XXXX , diagnosis in DSM-V: The debate.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of liver @entity1 markers and ultrasonic examination for determining compensated @entity2 in @entity0 with chronic @entity3 , and screen applicable non-invasive diagnostic marker for compensated @entity2 . METHODS: Serum @entity5 ( @entity5 ), Type III procollagen (PCIII), laminin (LN) and Type IV collagen ( @entity4 ) were measured from 350 @entity0 with chronic @entity3 , who were also detected with liver biopsy and ultrasonography. To determine the cut-off value of every serum liver @entity1 marker for diagnosing compensated @entity2 , data was analysed with clinical epidemiology methods. Then evaluated and compared all the markers. RESULTS: 85 out of 350 @entity0 were diagnosed as compensated @entity2 by liver biopsy, and 81 had @entity2 images by ultrasonic examination. @entity5 achieved the biggest area under the ROC curve. The cut-off values with best sensitivity and accuracy of @entity5 , PCIII, LN and @entity4 were 154.35 microg/L, 198.44 microg/L, 137.58 microg/L and 100.80 microg/L respectively. The related diagnostic sensitivities of @entity5 , PCIII, LN and @entity4 were 82.4%, 63.5%, 57.3% and 70.6%, specificities were 79.3%, 54.0%, 56.8%, 68.3%, and accuracies were 80.0%, 56.3%, 56.9%, 68.9%, respectively. Parallel tests could increase the diagnostic sensitivity, but decreased specificity and accuracy accordingly. Compared with other non-invasive diagnostic methods, @entity5 was the best marker (mu > or =1.814, P<0.05). The level of @entity5 at 119.17 microg/L was suitable for determining compensated @entity1 , with a 87.1% sensitivity, 67.6% specificity, 72.3% accuracy, 46.25% positive predictive value and 94.7% negative predictive value. CONCLUSION: Among the non-invasive serum diagnostic markers for liver @entity1 and ultrasonic examination for @entity1 image, @entity5 is the best marker for diagnosing compensated @entity2 .

title: [Screening and evaluation of non-invasive diagnosis markers for compensated @entity2 in XXXX with chronic @entity3 ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The high prevalence and incidence of @entity1 and @entity5 in @entity6 adolescent @entity0 are serious health problems. Because of the shared risk factors for @entity1 and @entity5 , a targeted prevention of both conditions is a priority. OBJECTIVE: We determined whether an adapted interpersonal psychotherapy prevention program is more efficacious for reducing excess @entity4 and worsening @entity5 than health education in adolescent @entity0 at high risk of @entity1 and @entity5 . DESIGN: A parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted between September 2008 and January 2013 in a university-based laboratory and a federal research hospital. The study included 113 adolescent (12-17-y-old) @entity0 deemed at high risk of @entity1 and @entity5 because of a body mass index (BMI) between the 75th and 97th percentiles and reports of episodes of a loss of control over their eating. @entity0 were randomly assigned to participate in an adapted interpersonal psychotherapy or a health-education group program for 12 weekly 90-min group sessions. Follow-up assessments occurred immediately after group programs and at 6 and 12 mo. RESULTS: Participation in both conditions was associated with decreases in expected BMI gain, age-adjusted BMI metrics, the percentage of fat by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, symptoms of @entity3 and @entity2 , and the frequency of loss-of-control eating over 12 mo of follow-up (Ps < 0.001) with no group difference. In follow-up analyses, interpersonal psychotherapy was more efficacious than health education at reducing objective binge eating at the 12-mo follow-up (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention with adolescent @entity0 with loss-of-control eating is associated with lower age-adjusted BMI and percentage of adiposity as well as improved mood symptoms over 1 y. Interpersonal psychotherapy further reduced objective binge eating. Additional research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms by which physical and psychological improvements were observed. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00680979.

title: Targeted prevention of excess XXXX in high-risk adolescent @entity0 : a randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the efficacy of transcatheter @entity4 (TAE) compared with surgery in the management of @entity0 with recurrent @entity2 ( @entity2 ) after failure of endoscopic hemostasis. @entity0 AND METHODS: Publications in English and non-English literatures (OVID, MEDLINE, and EMBASE) and abstracts from major international conferences were searched for studies comparing TAE with surgery for treatment of @entity2 after @entity1 . Outcome measures included rebleeding rate, all-cause mortality rate, and need for additional interventions to secure hemostasis. RESULTS: From 1234 citations, 6 retrospective comparative studies were included that involved 423 @entity0 (TAE, 182, 56% male; surgery, 241, 68% male). TAE @entity0 were older (mean age, TAE 75, surgery, 68). The risk of rebleeding was significantly higher in TAE @entity0 compared with surgically treated @entity0 (relative risk [RR] 1.82, 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.23-2.67), with no statistically significant heterogeneity among the included studies (P=0.66, I (2)=0.0%). After sensitivity analysis excluding studies with a large age difference between the two groups, a higher risk of @entity3 remained in the TAE group (RR 2.64, 95%CI] 1.48-4.71). No significant difference in mortality (RR 0.87, 95%CI 0.59-1.29) or requirement for additional interventions (RR 1.67, 95%CI 0.75-3.70) was shown between the two groups. CONCLUSION: A higher rebleeding rate was observed after TAE, suggesting surgery more definitively secured hemostasis, with no significant difference in mortality rate or requirement of additional interventions. The TAE @entity0 were older and in poorer health, thus future randomized studies are needed for accurate comparison of the two modalities.

title: Embolization versus surgery for peptic ulcer XXXX after failed endoscopic hemostasis: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity1 size, a significant prognostic indicator, is closely analyzed in @entity0 undergoing observation or treatment. It has historically been reported in terms of linear size; however, volumetric assessments can now be performed routinely. We examine the use of described measurement techniques in large published clinical series to assess their consistency. METHODS: Computerized searches of the MEDLINE database (Pubmed) from 1975 to August 2014 were conducted with the purpose of identifying large series describing the management of VSs. Articles that reported @entity1 size measurements were included if they described greater than 600 @entity0 . RESULTS: 19 studies were found fitting the inclusion criteria, consisting of large retrospective studies with sample sizes ranging from 614 to 2991. A total of 17 studies reported linear measurements, while 2 studies reported volumetric assessments of @entity1 size. Significant variations were found regarding methods for linear measurement. Furthermore, several papers did not provide any details regarding the measurement technique. Inclusion of intracanalicular portions of the @entity1 was highly variable. Volume assessments were performed by segmented volume analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Among the large published series on VSs, significant variation exists regarding the utilized measurement technique to assess size. Volumetric assessments have the greatest clinical utility, sensitivity and accuracy in measuring @entity1 size and growth. Standardization of volume assessments will provide the best method for producing consistent literature findings.

title: Analysis of XXXX size: A literature review on consistency with measurement techniques.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence and prognostic impact of late @entity3 complications after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are unknown. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to identify the incidence, predictors, and prognostic impact of major late @entity3 complications (MLBCs) (>= 30 days) after TAVR. METHODS: Clinical and echocardiographic outcomes of @entity0 who underwent TAVR within the randomized cohorts and continued access registries in the PARTNER (Placement of Aortic Transcatheter Valves) trial were analyzed after stratifying by the occurrence of MLBCs. Predictors of MLBCs and their association with 30-day to 1-year mortality were assessed. RESULTS: Among 2,401 @entity0 who underwent TAVR and survived to 30 days, MLBCs occurred in 142 (5.9%) at a median time of 132 days (interquartile range: 71 to 230 days) after the index procedure. @entity2 (n  = 58 [40.8%]), @entity1 (n  = 22 [15.5%]), and traumatic falls (n  = 11 [7.8%]) were identified as the most frequent types of MLBCs. Independent predictors of MLBCs were the presence of low hemoglobin at baseline, @entity4 or @entity6 at baseline or 30 days, the presence of moderate or severe @entity5 at 30 days, and greater left ventricular mass at 30 days. MLBCs were identified as a strong independent predictor of mortality between 30 days and 1 year (adjusted hazard ratio: 3.91; 95% confidence interval: 2.67 to 5.71; p  < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: MLBCs after TAVR were frequent and associated with increased mortality. Better individualized and risk-adjusted antithrombotic therapy after TAVR is urgently needed in this high-risk population. (THE PARTNER TRIAL: Placement of AoRTic TraNscathetER Valve Trial; NCT00530894).

title: Incidence, predictors, and prognostic  impact of late XXXX complications after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Locally applied @entity3 , such as @entity6 , have been shown in several studies to inhibit peri-implant bone resorption and recently to enhance peri-implant bone formation. Studies have also demonstrated positive effects of @entity5 (HA) particles on peri-implant bone regeneration and an enhancement of the anti-resorptive effect of @entity3 in the presence of @entity4 . In the present study, both @entity5 nanoparticles (nHA) and @entity6 were combined to achieve a strong reinforcing effect on peri-implant bone. The nHA- @entity6 combination was first investigated in vitro with a pre-osteoclastic cell assay (RAW 264.7) and then in vivo in a @entity1 model of @entity2 . The in vitro study confirmed that the inhibitory effect of @entity6 on @entity0 osteoclast precursor cells was enhanced by loading the drug on nHA. For the in vivo investigation, either @entity6 -loaded or pure nHA were integrated in hyaluronic acid hydrogel. The gels were injected in screw holes that had been predrilled in @entity1 femoral condyles before the insertion of miniature screws. Micro-CT-based dynamic histomorphometry and histology revealed an unexpected rapid mineralization of the hydrogel in vivo through formation of granules, which served as scaffold for new bone formation. The delivery of @entity6 -loaded nHA further inhibited a degradation of the mineralized hydrogel as well as a resorption of the peri-implant bone as effectively as unbound @entity6 . Hyaluronic acid with @entity6 -loaded nHA, thanks to its dual effect on inducing a rapid mineralization and preventing resorption, is a promising versatile material for bone repair and augmentation. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: In vitro and in vivo investigation of bisphosphonate-loaded XXXX particles for peri-implant bone augmentation.

answer: @entity5


abstract: We reviewed the records of 100 consecutive @entity0 with histologically verified @entity4 who underwent transsphenoidal decompression of the optic nerves and chiasm. The @entity0 ' ages ranged from 18 to 80 years, with a median of 52 years. Preoperatively, all @entity0 had objective signs of @entity3 . Postoperatively, visual acuity was normal or improved in 79% of the eyes and the visual fields were normal or improved in 74%. The visual outcome (for both acuity and fields) was better in younger @entity0 and those with a shorter duration of symptoms. @entity0 with lesser degrees of preoperative visual acuity compromise had better postoperative visual acuity outcome. However, the severity of preoperative @entity3 did not seem to predict postoperative field outcome, and even @entity0 with severe preoperative field defects often had striking postoperative improvement. @entity0 who had undergone prior operation were less likely to have either @entity3 after reoperation. @entity2 in visual acuity was noted in only 5 @entity0 (6 eyes). Complications were few. There were 4 instances of @entity6 , but only 2 @entity0 needed operative repair. There was no instance of permanent @entity5 , although 17 @entity0 developed transient @entity5 . In most cases, visual improvement was sustained. The average duration of follow-up was 26 months. Three @entity0 required a subsequent operation to correct @entity3 in the immediate postoperative period, but only 1 @entity0 has undergone late operation for recurrence of @entity1 . There was no operative mortality.

title: Visual recovery after transsphenoidal removal of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Pluripotent stem cells are increasingly used for therapeutic models, including transplantation of neural progenitors derived from @entity0 embryonic stem cells (hESC). Recently, long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), including @entity5 ( @entity5 ) derived from the @entity4 - @entity6 -imprinted locus, were found to be expressed during neural developmental events. Their deregulations are associated with various @entity2 . The @entity4 - @entity6 -imprinted locus encodes abundant noncoding RNA (ncRNA) that are regulated by differential methylation on the locus. The aim of our research was to study the correlation between the @entity4 - @entity6 -derived ncRNA and the capacity of hESC neural lineage differentiation. We classified hESC into @entity5 -ON and @entity5 -OFF based on the expression levels of @entity5 as well as its downstream microRNA by qRT-PCR. Initial embryoid body (EB) formation was conducted to examine the 3 germ layer's differentiation ability. Complementary DNA microarray was used to analyse the gene expression profiles of hESC. Directed neural lineage differentiation was performed, followed by analysis of neural lineage marker expression levels and neurite formation via qRT-PCR and immunocytochemistry methods to investigate the capacity of neural differentiation in @entity5 -ON and @entity5 -OFF hESC. As for statistics, error bars indicate standard error of the mean. Student's t-test was used for calculating P-values, and a P-value of less than 0.05 was considered to be significant. Our results showed that @entity5 -ON and @entity5 -OFF hESC differed greatly in @entity4 - @entity6 -derived ncRNA expression levels, but had comparable pluripotency gene expression profiles. Genes related to nervous system development and @entity1 were differentially expressed in @entity5 -OFF hESC, where @entity4 - @entity6 -derived ncRNA were repressed compared to @entity5 -ON ones before differentiation. In neural lineage-like cells derived from @entity5 -OFF hESC, lower expression levels of neural lineage markers and @entity3 were observed compared to @entity5 -ON hESC at the same time points after differentiation. We suggest that the expression of @entity4 - @entity6 -derived lncRNA, @entity5 , can be used as a simple and effective screening criterion for identifying @entity5 -ON hESC with activation of @entity4 - @entity6 -imprinted ncRNA as starting materials to benefit neural lineage-associated studies.

title: 346 expression of imprinted noncoding RNA from the @entity4 - @entity6 locus in XXXX embryonic stem cells advantages neural lineage differentiation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the predictive value of @entity3 , Ki-67, @entity4 protein detection in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for @entity2 of @entity5 (AGEJ). METHODS: Preoperative biopsy specimens and clinical data of 72 @entity0 of locally advanced Siewert II( AGEJ between June 2010 and December 2013 were reviewed. All the @entity0 received SOX scheme neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and were divided into effective group(complete response plus partial response) and ineffective group(stable disease plus @entity1 ). Expressions of above 3 proteins were detected by immunohistochemistry in all the @entity0 before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The relationship between various proteins and efficacy of chemotherapy was analyzed by univariate and logistic multivariate regression analyses. RESULTS: All the 72 @entity0 successfully completed 2 cycles of SOX neoadjuvant chemotherapy, among them, 5 cases(6.9%) with complete response, 30 cases (41.7%) with partial response, 31 cases(43.1%) with stable disease, 6 cases(8.3%) with @entity1 , including 35 cases in effective group and 37 cases in ineffective group. Compared with ineffective group, the positive expression rate of @entity3 was significantly reduced(25.0% vs. 45.9%, P=0.020), and that of Ki-67 significantly increased (77.1% vs. 43.2%, P=0.003), however, there was no significant difference in the expression rate of @entity4 between the two groups(P>0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that Ki-67 was the independent predictive factor for the efficacy of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (P=0.015). Spearman rank correlation showed that Ki-67 expression was positively correlated with @entity4 expression (r=0.259, P=0.028), but @entity3 expression was not correlated with Ki-67 or @entity4 (r=0.140, 0.042, P=0.240, 0.725, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: SOX neoadjuvant chemotherapy is safe and effective for AGEJ, especially for @entity0 with depressed expression of @entity3 and elevated expression of Ki-67, which both may be used as reference for the prediction of chemotherapy efficacy. There is no correlation between @entity3 and Ki67 proteins, so combined detection may improve the predictive value.

title: [Predictive value of XXXX , Ki-67, @entity4 protein detection in neoadjuvant chemotherapy for @entity2 of @entity5 ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To examine the outcome of surgery for idiopathic @entity3 (iNPH) and how outcome relates to the preoperative static and pulsatile @entity1 ( @entity1 ). METHODS: An observational cohort study included all @entity0 with iNPH managed at our department during the years 2002-2012 in whom overnight @entity1 monitoring was part of the preoperative work-up. Clinical data were retrieved from a quality registry and @entity1 scores from a pressure database. RESULTS: The study included 472 @entity0 , 316 in the surgery group and 156 in the nonsurgery group. Among those treated surgically, 278 (90%) showed clinical improvement (Responders) whereas 32 (10%) had no improvement (Nonresponders). Among Responders, only about one third reached the best clinical scores; moreover, the difference in clinical score between Responders and Nonresponders declined with time after surgery, particularly after 3-4 years. The surgery was accompanied by acute intracranial @entity2 in 11 @entity0 (3.5%), of whom 4 (1.3%) died. Survival (age at death) was significantly greater among the Responders than in Nonresponders. Although the static @entity1 was normal in all @entity0 , the @entity1 was significantly greater in Responders than in Non-responders. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 was greater in shunt Responders than Nonresponders. Although the clinical improvement declined over time and the majority did not experience complete relief of symptoms, shunt Responders lived significantly longer than Nonresponders. The present observations suggest that the current surgical treatment regimens for iNPH (primarily shunt surgery) address only some aspects of the disease process, in particular the aspect of brain water disturbance.

title: Outcome of Surgery for XXXX : Role of Preoperative Static and Pulsatile Intracranial Pressure.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the population referred for @entity5 surgery, identify factors that influenced decision to treat, and @entity0 suitable for ophthalmic training. @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 2,693 consecutive referrals over 6 years were interrogated using Business Objects software on @entity5 electronic @entity0 records. RESULTS: A total of 2,693 @entity0 were referred for @entity5 surgery (group A). Of these @entity0 2,132 (79%) had surgery (group B) and 561 (21%) did not (group C). Age for group B vs group C: 672 (32%) vs 115 (20%)  <=69 years, P<0.001; 803 (38%) vs 225 (40%) 70-79 years, P=0.48; 586 (27%) vs 203 (36%) 80-89 years, P<0.05; 71 (3%) vs 18 (3%) >= 90 years, P=1.0. Visual acuity, group B vs group C: 556 (26%) vs 664 (59%) 6/12 or better; 1,275 (60%) vs 367 (33%) 6/18-6/60; 266 (12%) vs 64 (6%) counting fingers or worse, P<0.05. Medical history for group B vs C: @entity3 : 55 (2.6%) vs 29 (5.2%), P<0.05; @entity2 : 158 (7.4%) vs 60 (10.7%), P<0.05; @entity1 : 372 (17.4%) vs 96 (17.1%), P=0.87; @entity9 / @entity7 : 382 (17.9%) vs 93 (16.6%), P=0.53; @entity6 : 535 (25.1%) vs 155 (27.6%), P=0.35; @entity4 : 971 (45.5%) vs 263 (46.9%), P=0.73. Ocular history for group B vs C was significant (P<0.05) for age-related @entity8 255 (12.0%) vs 93 (16.6%), other macular pathology 38 (1.8%) vs 25 (4.5%), corneal pathology 92 (4.3%) vs 36 (6.4%), @entity10 37 (1.7%) vs 22 (3.9%). Detailed data on presenting complaint, ophthalmic history, and social status is discussed. CONCLUSION: We observed that surgery at a younger age with good levels of visual acuity was a factor in deferring @entity5 surgery. @entity3 , @entity2 , @entity10 , corneal and macular pathology significantly affected decision not to operate. We estimate that 80% of @entity0 would be suitable for ophthalmic training.

title: XXXX surgery: factors influencing decision to treat and implications for training (south-east Scotland 2008-2014).

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Weight modification after a diagnosis of @entity3 and its impact on outcomes remain unclear. Thus we aimed to examine the association of @entity2 and weight changes from baseline oncology consultation with @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) in @entity0 with @entity1 . METHODS: @entity0 aged  >=  18 years who were diagnosed with @entity1 in British Columbia from 2008 to 2010 and who received adjuvant chemotherapy were included in the study. Cox proportional hazards regression models were fitted to evaluate the impact of different body compositions and degree of weight changes from baseline assessment with outcomes while controlling for potentially confounding covariates, such as age and sex. RESULTS: A total of 539 @entity0 with @entity1 were included: median age was 69 years (range, 26-94 years), 52% were @entity0 , and 53% had Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-1. Those with weight gains of  >=  10% had a median @entity4 of 37 months compared with 49 months in those with weight gains of  < 10% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.94; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56-1.59; P  = .82). However, this finding was not significant. In Cox models, @entity0 who exhibited weight losses of  >=  10% experienced significantly inferior @entity4 (HR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.44-8.13; P  = .0046) and @entity4 (HR, 2.63; 95% CI, 1.04-6.67; P  = .041) compared with those who experienced weight losses of <  10%. Weight gains, losses, or changes of equal or less magnitude did not show any significant associations with outcomes (all P > .05). CONCLUSIONS: Weight losses of  >=  10% from baseline evaluation bodes a worse prognosis among @entity0 with @entity1 .

title: Impact of Weight Changes After the Diagnosis of XXXX Cancer on Survival Outcomes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Due to the inability of classical chemotherapeutic agents to exclusively target @entity1 cells, these treatments are associated with severe @entity2 profiles. Thus, long-circulating liposomes have been developed in the past to enhance accumulation in @entity1 tissue by passive targeting. Accordingly, commercially available liposomal formulations of sterically stabilized liposomal @entity4 (Caelyx  , @entity4  , Lipodox  ) are associated with improved off-target profiles. However, these preparations are still not capable to selectively bind to target cells. Thus, in an attempt to further optimize existing treatment schemes immunoliposomes have been established to enable active targeting of @entity1 tissues. Recently, we have provided evidence for therapeutic efficacy of anti- @entity5 -targeted, surface modified @entity4 loaded liposomes. Our approach involved a technique, which allows specific post-modifications of the liposomal surface by primed antibody-anchor conjugates thereby facilitating personalized approaches of commercially available liposomal drugs. In the current study, post-modification of sterically stabilized liposomal @entity6 was thoroughly investigated including the influence of different modification techniques ( @entity3 , SPIT, SPIT60), lipid composition ( @entity7 /Chol, @entity8 /Chol), and buffers (HBS, SH). As earlier in vivo experiments did not take into account the presence of non-integrated ab-anchor conjugates this was included in the present study. Our experiments provide evidence that post-modification of commercially available liposomal preparations for active targeting is possible. Moreover, lyophilisation represents an applicable method to obtain a storable precursor of surface modifying antibody-anchor conjugates. Thus, these findings open up new approaches in @entity0 individualized targeting of chemotherapeutic therapies.

title: Liposomal XXXX for active targeting: surface modification of the nanocarrier evaluated in vitro and in vivo - challenges and prospects.

answer: @entity4


abstract: 1. Changes in plasma alpha 1-acid glycoprotein ( @entity2 ) concentration and immune responses following @entity0 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection were studied in broiler @entity1 . 2. Higher plasma @entity2 concentrations were observed from 12 to 48 h after a single injection of LPS. 3. The highest concentration of plasma @entity2 was observed on day 2 followed by a gradual decrease in chicks injected with 150 micrograms/kg body weight of LPS every day for 13 d. 4. Plasma @entity2 concentration in chicks injected daily with LPS at 900 micrograms/kg body weight for 13 d increased on day 2, and decreased on day 4 to the concentration found before the injection. The concentration increased again on day 10. 5. Changes in plasma interleukin-1 (IL-1) like activity were similar to those in plasma @entity2 concentration when LPS was injected daily at 900 micrograms/kg body weight for 3 d. 6. Responses of blood mononuclear cell (MNC) proliferation to mitogen or concanavalin A, (Con A), and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) were positively correlated with changes in plasma @entity2 concentration. 7. The results suggest that plasma @entity2 concentration could be used as a positive indicator of changes in blood MNC proliferation to a mitogen and in plasma IL-1 like activity.

title: Changes in plasma alpha 1-acid glycoprotein concentration and selected immune response in broiler XXXX injected with @entity0 lipopolysaccharide.

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. The S-ROM-A prosthesis has been designed for the Asian proximal femur with a small deformed shape and narrow canal. In this study, the clinical and radiological results using the S-ROM-A prosthesis for Japanese @entity0 with @entity2 due to @entity5 and excessive posterior pelvic tilt were examined. Methods. 94 hips were followed up for a mean of 55 months, with a mean age at surgery of 61 years. The primary diagnoses were 94 coxarthritis cases, including 51 @entity5 and 37 primary OA, 1 avascular @entity1 , 2 @entity4 , and 3 Perthes disease. Thirty-one hips had been treated with @entity3 . Preoperative intramedullary canal shapes were stovepipe in 23 hips, normal in 51 hips, and champagne-flute in 5 hips. The maximum pelvic inclination angle was 56  . Results. The mean JOA score improved from 46 points preoperatively to 80 points at final follow-up. On radiological evaluation of the fixation of the implants according to the Engh classification, 92 (97%) hips were classified as "bone ingrown fixation." Conclusion. In primary THA, using the S-ROM-A prosthesis for Asian @entity0 with proximal @entity2 , even after osteotomy and with posterior pelvic tilt, provided good short- to midterm results.

title: Total Hip Arthroplasty Using the S-ROM-A Prosthesis for Anatomically Difficult Asian XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: PURPOSE: Eighty percent of local recurrence after resection of @entity2 classically occurs within two years of surgery. Pretherapeutic staging is frequently limited to clinical examination, although the accuracy of endoanal ultrasonography has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to report the long-term results of preoperative radiation therapy and resection of pretherapeutic endoanal ultrasonography-staged T3 and T4 @entity2 . METHODS: This retrospective review analyzed a series of 113 @entity0 who underwent radiation therapy followed by surgery. All @entity0 underwent an endoanal ultrasonography. Median follow-up was 75 months. RESULTS: Fifty-seven percent of @entity0 were pT3 or T4. Thirty-six percent had involvement of lymph nodes. Five-year rates of survival, local recurrence-free survival, and disease-free survival were 79, 73, and 68 percent, respectively. Ten-year rates were 65, 63, and 62 percent, respectively. Median time to detection of local recurrence was 39 months. Eight of ten local recurrences occurred after two years of follow-up. Eight of ten @entity0 with local recurrence had pretherapeutic endoanal ultrasonography-staged N+ @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These results appear to justify a follow-up program for @entity0 with pretherapeutic endoanal ultrasonography-staged N+ @entity1 . However, a minimum of seven years of follow-up is needed to obtain an accurate assessment of results.

title: Long-term results of preoperative radiotherapy for 113 cases of UT3 and UT4 XXXX : a need for long-term follow-up.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Although chemokines are well known to function in chemotaxis, additional roles for these molecules in the immune system are not well understood. Dendritic cells (DCs) developmentally regulate the expression of chemokine receptors to facilitate their migration from the peripheral tissues to regional lymph nodes. Expressions of @entity11 and @entity9 on immature DCs are down-regulated on maturation, whereas @entity8 is selectively expressed on mature DCs. In the present study, we examined the effects of @entity10 and CCL21, 2 @entity8 ligands, on endocytosis of @entity3 ( @entity4 )-dextran by @entity0 DCs. Both @entity10 and CCL21 markedly induced rapid uptake of @entity4 -dextran by mature DCs but not immature DCs. In contrast, @entity7 , a ligand of @entity11 and @entity9 , induced rapid uptake of @entity4 -dextran by immature DCs but not mature DCs. @entity10 -induced endocytosis could be completely blocked by @entity2 toxin B, which inhibits the Rho guanosine triphosphatase proteins, Rho, @entity1 , and @entity5 . This process was not abrogated by @entity6 , a specific inhibitor of Rho-associated kinase. In addition, @entity10 rapidly enhanced @entity5 and @entity1 activity in mature DCs. These findings demonstrate that certain chemokines induce rapid endocytosis in each relevant DC population. It is suggested that @entity8 ligands activate @entity5 and @entity1 , thereby inducing the endocytosis in mature DCs.

title: @entity8 ligands induce rapid endocytosis in mature dendritic cells with concomitant up-regulation of XXXX and @entity1 activities.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study is to compare the clinical outcome in T2 @entity0 @entity1 who underwent preoperative chemotherapy (PC) and who did not. The study also tried to define a subgroup of @entity1 , who are more beneficial after PC in terms of lower re-excision rates, better cosmetic results and local recurrence free survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 251 consecutive @entity1 treated for nonmetastatic T2 invasive @entity0 were analyzed retrospectively. Of those; 141 underwent primary surgery (PS) followed by chemotherapy, whereas 110 were treated with combination of PC and surgery. RESULTS: The @entity1 who were treated with PC had a significantly higher incidence of negative margins and lower rate of re-excision (5% vs. 16%, p  =  0.02). Of all @entity1 attempted breast conserving surgery (BCS), @entity1 in the PC group were more likely to undergo BCS as their definitive operation compared to @entity1 with PS group (BCS rates; PC group: 99% vs. PS group: 92%, p  =  0.05). @entity3 (OR: 7, 95% Cl, 2.7-18.4, p  =  0.0001) and PC (OR  =  0.2; 95% CI, 0.06-0.72, p  =  0.01) were factors associated with margin positivity in @entity1 treated with BCS. There was no statistically significant difference in 5 year local-recurrence free survival rates between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Our study shows that PC significantly decreases the re-excision in @entity1 undergoing BCS with primary T2 @entity0 . This data suggests that any @entity1 with a @entity2 greater than 2  cm might be considered for PC to increase BCS success with final negative margins.

title: Preoperative chemotherapy for T2 XXXX is associated with improved surgical outcome.

answer: @entity0


abstract: HYPOTHESIS: Precise preoperative staging for @entity3 is difficult, despite recent advances in hepatobiliary imaging. However, the most accurate preoperative staging may be possible by integrating preoperative key data. OBJECTIVE: To establish useful strategies for the surgical treatment of @entity3 based on information available before resection. DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: University hospital and @entity2 center. @entity0 AND METHODS: From January 1, 1978, through March 31, 2001, 152 @entity0 with @entity3 underwent surgical resection with curative intent. Preoperative diagnoses of the T factor ( @entity6 ) and N factor (image-N) in the @entity5 classification were determined by evaluating all findings of diagnostic imaging, including ultrasonography, enhanced computed tomography, endoscopic ultrasonography, and angiography. The distribution of lymph node @entity1 and prognostic factors were also analyzed. RESULTS: The overall diagnostic accuracy for @entity6 was 52.6% (95% confidence interval, 44.7%-60.6%) and was lower in @entity0 with @entity4 and pT2 disease (37.2% and 33.9%, respectively). However, @entity6 was a significant predictor of lymph node @entity1 and @entity0 outcome. Preoperative staging for N was more difficult, with only 24.5% (95% confidence interval, 12.4%-36.5%) of the node-positive @entity0 being correctly diagnosed. An analysis of harvested lymph nodes showed that the cystic, pericholedochal, and posterosuperior peripancreatic nodes were the most prevalent sites of @entity1 , and these were considered key nodes for the lymphatic spread of @entity3 . By combining data on @entity6 and positivity of these key nodes, more accurate @entity5 staging was possible. Although an extended lymph node dissection provided significantly better survival in @entity0 with pN2 disease, there was no survival advantage to more radical operations, including bile duct resection or pancreaticoduodenectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Although precise preoperative @entity5 staging for @entity3 was difficult, the most accurate staging before resection was possible by integrating @entity6 classification and data from the intraoperative histopathologic examination of key lymph nodes. Based on this staging, we propose algorithms for the surgical treatment of @entity3 .

title: Strategies for surgical treatment of XXXX based on information available before resection.

answer: @entity3


abstract: HlyU in @entity0 is known to be the transcriptional activator of the hemolysin gene, HlyA and possibly a regulator of other virulence factors influencing growth, colonization and pathogenicity of this infective agent. Here we report the crystal structure of HlyU from @entity0 N16961 (HlyU_Vc) at 1.8  . The protein, with five a-helices and three b-strands in the topology of a1-a2-b1-a3-a4-b2-b3-a5, forms a homodimer. Helices a3-a4 and a b sheet form the winged helix-turn-helix (wHTH) DNA-binding motif common to the transcription regulators of the SmtB/ArsR family. In spite of an overall fold similar to SmtB/ArsR family, it lacks any metal binding site seen in SmtB. A comparison of the dimeric interfaces showed that the one in SmtB is much larger and have salt bridges that can be disrupted to accommodate metal ions. A model of HlyU-DNA complex suggests bending of the DNA. @entity1 38 in the structure was found to be modified as @entity2 ; the oxidized form was not seen in another structure solved under reducing condition. Although devoid of any metal binding site, the presence of a @entity1 residue exhibiting oxidation-reduction suggests the possibility of the existence of a redox switch in transcription regulation. A structure-based phylogenetic analysis of wHTH proteins revealed the segregation of metal and non-metal binding proteins as well as those in the latter group that are under redox control.

title: Crystal structure of HlyU, the hemolysin gene transcription activator, from XXXX N16961 and functional implications.

answer: @entity0


abstract: RDEC-1 (serotype O15) is an attaching and effacing strain of @entity1 enteropathogenic @entity3 (REPEC) that causes @entity2 in postweanling @entity1 . It expresses AF/R1 pili that mediate Peyer's patch M-cell adherence. We investigated Peyer's patch adherence, the presence of virulence genes, ileal brush @entity4 , and pilus expression in 9 strains representing several serotypes of REPEC as well as in two commensal strains. Postweanling @entity1 were inoculated with 10(6) organisms and sacrificed at 24 h, and tissues were prepared for examination by light microscopy. Strains B10 and RDEC-1 were also studied at 12 and 72 h postinoculation. All REPEC strains were eaeA positive, expressed pili, and adhered to ileal brush borders. Both commensal strains expressed pili, and one strain adhered to brush borders. All REPEC strains demonstrated some degree of Peyer's patch lymphoid follicle adherence, ranging from diffuse coverage to small patches covering two to three dome epithelial cells. Strains C102 and C110 had genes homologous with the structural subunit gene of the AF/R1 pilus (afrA) of RDEC-1, which correlated with greater degrees of lymphoid follicle adherence and lesser degrees of ileal villus adherence. The observation that all REPEC strains adhere to Peyer's patch epithelium suggests the possibility that @entity0 strains of enteropathogenic @entity3 (EPEC) might do likewise. EPEC strains might thus serve as mucosal vaccine vectors in @entity0 . Better understanding of the molecular mechanism of REPEC adherence should provide a model for the targeting of the Peyer's patch in @entity0 .

title: Peyer's patch adherence of enteropathogenic XXXX strains in @entity1 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: The @entity1 innervating the anterior tongue contains two types of @entity2 -responsive fibers: one, the N-type, receives input from receptor cells, the @entity2 responses of which are strongly inhibited by @entity4 , whereas the other, the E-type, receives input from cells poorly sensitive or insensitive to @entity4 . To investigate the formation of this differentially responsive neural system, we crushed the @entity0 CT nerve and examined the subsequent recovery of @entity2 responses and @entity4 sensitivity of the regenerated nerve and behavioral discrimination between @entity2 and @entity3 . At 2 weeks after the nerve crush, no significant response of the nerve to chemical stimuli was observed. At 3 weeks, responses to salts gradually reappeared. In this period, almost all single fibers responding to @entity2 were insensitive to @entity4 (E-type). At 4 weeks, some of the single fibers showed @entity4 sensitivity (N-type) and behavioral discrimination between @entity2 and @entity3 reappeared. After >or=5 weeks, the number of N-type fibers had reached the control level and became approximately equal to that of E-type fibers. During the course of recovery, N-type and E-type fibers were clearly distinguishable on the basis of their @entity4 sensitivities, their @entity3 / @entity2 response ratios, and their concentration-response relationships to @entity2 . These results suggest that two salt-responsive systems are independently reformed after the nerve crush. The selective synapse reformation may account for recovery of behavioral discrimination between @entity2 and @entity3 after taste nerve crush and regeneration. It may also explain stable sensory coding for taste quality during the continuous turnover of receptor cells in the healthy animal.

title: Recovery of XXXX -sensitive neural coding during regeneration of the gustatory nerve: behavioral-neural correlation of salt taste discrimination.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Angiogenesis represents a compensatory response targeted to preserve the integrity of tissues subjected to @entity3 . The aim of the present study was to examine whether reparative angiogenesis is impaired in spontaneously @entity4 @entity2 (SHR), as a function of progression of @entity4 . In addition, the potential of gene therapy with @entity0 @entity8 (HK) in revascularization was challenged in SHR and normotensive @entity2 -Kyoto @entity2 (WKY) that underwent excision of the left femoral artery. Expression of @entity1 and HK was upregulated in @entity3 hindlimb of WKY but not of SHR. Capillary density was increased in @entity3 adductor muscle of WKY (from 266+/-20 to 633+/-73 capillaries/mm(2) at 28 days, P<0.001), whereas it remained unchanged in SHR (from 276+/-20 to 354+/-48 capillaries/mm(2), P=NS), thus compromising perfusion recovery as indicated by @entity5 flow ratio (0.61+/-0.08 versus 0.92+/-0.07 in WKY at 28 days, P<0.05). In separate experiments, saline or 5x10(9) pfu adenovirus containing the HK gene (Ad. @entity6 -cHK) or the beta-galactosidase gene (Ad. @entity6 -LacZ) was injected intramuscularly at 7 days after the induction of @entity3 . Ad. @entity6 -cHK augmented capillary density and accelerated hemodynamic recovery in both strains, but these effects were more pronounced in SHR (P<0.01). Our results indicate that native angiogenic response to @entity3 is impaired in SHR, possibly as a result of defective modulation of endothelial cell mitogens. Supplementation with @entity7 , one of the growth factors found to be deficient in SHR, restores physiological angiogenic response utilitarian for tissue healing. Our discoveries may have important implications in vascular medicine for therapeutic benefit.

title: Rescue of impaired angiogenesis in spontaneously @entity4 @entity2 by intramuscular @entity0 XXXX gene transfer.

answer: @entity8


abstract: Microvascular barrier integrity is dependent on bioavailable nitric oxide (NO) produced locally by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). Under conditions of limited substrate or cofactor availability or by enzymatic modification, eNOS may become uncoupled, producing superoxide in lieu of NO. This study was designed to investigate how eNOS-dependent superoxide production contributes to endothelial barrier dysfunction in @entity4 and its regulation. C57BL/6J @entity1 were challenged with intratracheal @entity3 . Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was analyzed for protein accumulation, and lung tissue homogenate was assayed for @entity6 content and function. @entity0 lung microvascular endothelial cell (HLMVEC) monolayers were exposed to @entity3 in vitro, and barrier integrity and superoxide production were measured. Biopterin species were quantified, and coimmunoprecipitation (Co-IP) assays were performed to identify protein interactions with eNOS that putatively drive uncoupling. @entity1 exposed to @entity3 demonstrated eNOS-dependent @entity2 without evidence for altered canonical NO signaling. @entity3 -induced superoxide production and permeability in HLMVEC were inhibited by the NOS inhibitor nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, eNOS-targeted siRNA, the eNOS cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin, and superoxide dismutase. Co-IP indicated that @entity3 stimulated the association of eNOS with @entity5 ( @entity5 ), which correlated with augmented eNOS S-glutathionylation both in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, @entity5 -specific inhibition prevented @entity3 -induced eNOS modification and increases in both superoxide production and permeability. These data indicate that eNOS uncoupling contributes to superoxide production and barrier dysfunction in the lung microvasculature after exposure to @entity3 . Furthermore, the results implicate @entity5 -mediated eNOS-S-glutathionylation as a mechanism underlying @entity3 -induced eNOS uncoupling in the lung microvasculature.

title: @entity5 -dependent glutathionylation of XXXX leads to uncoupled superoxide production and endothelial barrier dysfunction in acute lung injury.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In @entity0 , invalid visual targets that mismatch spatial expectations induced by attentional cues are considered to selectively engage a right hemispheric "reorienting" network that includes the temporal parietal junction (TPJ), the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), and the medial frontal gyrus (MFG). However, recent findings suggest that this hemispheric dominance is not absolute and that it is rather observed because the TPJ and IFG areas in the left hemisphere are engaged both by invalid and valid cued targets. Because of this, the BOLD response of the left hemisphere to invalid targets is usually cancelled out by the standard "invalid versus valid" contrast used in functional magnetic resonance imaging investigations of spatial attention. Here, we used multivariate pattern recognition analysis (MVPA) to gain finer insight into the role played by the left TPJ and IFG in reorienting to invalid targets. We found that in left TPJ and IFG blood @entity1 level-dependent (BOLD) responses to invalid and valid targets were associated to different patterns of neural activity, possibly reflecting the presence of functionally distinct neuronal populations. Pattern segregation was significant at group level, it was present in almost all of the @entity0 to the study and was observed both for targets in the left and right side of space. A control whole-brain MVPA ("Searchlight" analysis) confirmed the results obtained in predefined regions of interest and highlighted that also other areas, that is, superior @entity3 , show different patterns of BOLD response to valid and invalid targets. These results confirm and expand previous evidence highlighting the involvement of the left hemisphere in reorienting of visual attention (Doricchi et al. 2010; Dragone et al. 2015). These findings suggest that asymmetrical reorienting deficits suffered by right brain damaged @entity0 with left @entity4 , who have @entity2 in contralesional reorienting and less @entity2 in ipsilesional reorienting, are due to preserved reorienting abilities in the intact left hemisphere.

title: The Response of the Left Ventral Attentional System to Invalid Targets and its Implication for the XXXX : a Multivariate fMRI Investigation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish the methods to get high activity, high purity, and adequate Schwann cells (SCs), and to provide sufficient seed cells for the peripheral nerve repair. METHODS: Six 5-day-old, male or female, @entity0 were selected and the sciatic nerve (control group) and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) (experimental group) were harvested. Then the sciatic nerves and DRG were digested by co-enzyme and dispersed by medium containing serum to isolate SCs. Freshly isolated SCs from @entity0 were cultured, purified and subcultured. The 1st generation of SCs were chosen to draw the growth curve of SCs by the counting method and to detect the proliferation of SCs by @entity1 assay at 8 days of culture, the purity of SCs by immunocytochemistry of anti-S-100 and the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) concentration by ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 36-43 DRGs could be obtained in each @entity0 . The number of obtained single SC in experimental group [(7.5 +/- 0.6) x 10(6)] was significantly higher than that in control group [(3.5 +/- 0.4) x 10(6)] (t = 13.175, P=0.000). SCs reached logarithm proliferation phase at 3 days. With time, the cell number and the proliferation absorbance (A) value of 2 groups all showed upward trend. The number and A value of experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group (P < 0.05). The SCs purity of experimental group (92.08% +/- 3.45%) was significantly higher than that of control group (77.50% +/- 3.57%) (t = 6.689, P = 0.001). The concentrations of @entity2 at 3 days and 5 days in experimental group were significantly higher than those of control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The sufficient amount, high purity, and viability of SCs from DRGs can meet the needs of studies on peripheral nerve repairment.

title: [Study of isolation and purification of primary Schwann cells from different parts of nerve tissue in XXXX ].

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5 ( @entity6 ) has anti-fibrotic potential in lung, kidney and other organs. The exogenous @entity6 is released from @entity10 ( @entity10 ) and can influence the renal @entity1 by blocking the differentiation of quiescent renal fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. But whether @entity6 affects renal epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Our study is aimed at investigating the in vitro effects of @entity6 on transforming growth factor-b1 ( @entity3 )-induced EMT in renal tubular epithelial cells ( @entity0 cells) and the associated mechanisms. The induced EMT is assessed by Western blotting analysis on the expressions of @entity2 , @entity9 and fibronectin. @entity0 cells were treated with @entity10 before incubating with @entity3 to investigate its effect on EMT and the related molecular mechanism. Results demonstrated that @entity10 decreased the expression of @entity2 and fibronectin, and increased the expression of @entity9 . @entity10 reduced the expression of TGF-b receptor type I (TbR I) and TGF-b receptor type II (TbR II). In addition, @entity10 attenuated @entity3 -induced increase of @entity4 expression and @entity7 phosphorylation. Moreover, it inhibited the @entity3 -induced nuclear translocation of bb-catenin. These effects of @entity10 on fibronectin, @entity9 and TbR I were abolished by the @entity7 inhibitor @entity8 or @entity4 inhibitor @entity11 , or @entity4 siRNA interference. We get the conclusion that @entity10 attenuated @entity3 -induced EMT in @entity0 cells through both @entity7 -dependent and @entity4 -dependent pathways.

title: XXXX Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-b1-Induced EMT via Wnt/Catenin Pathway.

answer: @entity5


abstract: A case of a 37-year-old @entity0 with urinary retention secondary to @entity13 is described. He was admitted to our hospital with complaints of @entity3 , @entity4 , @entity1 , and gait disturbance. He had begun treatment 1 week previously for high @entity3 , @entity1 and joint @entity2 at an outpatient department. On admission, neurological examination revealed neck stiffness, @entity6 and @entity5 of the extremities, @entity8 of the lower extremities, and @entity12 . A spinal fluid examination revealed @entity13 . @entity10 , @entity7 , @entity11 , tetraparesis, and urinary retention appeared after admission. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head revealed no abnormal lesions. On the 2nd day of hospitalization, a Foley catheter was inserted for urinary retention. The @entity0 was treated with conservative therapy, and his symptoms gradually resolved. The Foley catheter was removed on hospital day 13, but @entity9 was persisted. MRI of the lumbar spine revealed herniated lumbar discs at level @entity14 , L4-5, and L5-S1, but the nerve roots were not compressed. The @entity0 was managed with clean intermittent catheterization for more than two weeks. Cystometry revealed @entity9 . Nineteen cases of urinary retention secondary to @entity13 have been reported in the previous literature. We reviewed their clinical presentation and treatment.

title: [A case of urinary retention secondary to XXXX ].

answer: @entity13


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) was one of the preferred treatments for @entity3 . However, the motion of adjacent segment was significantly increased after operation. So cervical disc arthroplasty have been suggested to keep the motion of adjacent segment. A new implant named dynamic cervical implant (DCI) has been developed to keep the motion of adjacent segment. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 91 @entity0 treated for single level @entity2 with anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF), dynamic cervical implant (DCI) and cervical total disc replacement (CTDR) between sep 2009 and Mar 2011 in our hospital. They were divided into three groups by surgical methods: ACDF group (group A, 34 cases), @entity4 group (group B, 25 cases), CTDR group (group C, 32 cases). Operation time, intraoperative @entity1 , preoperative and postoperative JOA score and JOA recovery rate were compared among the three groups. Pre-and postoperative hyperextension and hyperflexion radiograms were observed to measure range of motion (ROM) of C2-7, operative and adjacent levels. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in operative time, intraoperative @entity1 , and JOA recovery rate (P > 0.05) among three groups. But the differences of their postoperative JOA scores and preoperative JOA scores were of statistical significance (P < 0.05). Compared the pre-and postoperative ROM of C2-7, operative, upper and lower levels of each group respectively, the difference between preoperative ROM and postoperative ROM of group A were of statistically significant (P < 0.05), while was no statistically significant of group C (P > 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between preoperative ROM and postoperative ROM of upper and lower levels in group B (P > 0.05), but had statistically significance of C2-7 and operative levels (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Three operations are effective therapies for single level @entity2 . But each group has respective advantages and disadvantages.

title: Comparisons of three anterior cervical surgeries in treating XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: The results of jejunoileostomy performed on 130 extremely @entity1 @entity0 in 1972-1982 are presented. The mean preoperative body weight was 130.9 kg. The postoperative observation period was 2-10 years and in 85 cases it was more than 5 years. The Salmon-Scott technique of jejunoileostomy was used in 6 cases and the Payne-De Wind method in 124. Overweight was reduced from 118% to 30.4% of normal body weight (Broca Index). Weight reduction was classified as very good or good in 82% of the @entity0 . It was accompanied by @entity5 and improved working capacity. Disturbed @entity4 and lipid balances normalized and @entity3 disappeared. The direct postoperative mortality was 3.8%, and another @entity0 died from long-term metabolic complications. Clinical symptoms of @entity6 appeared in one @entity0 and were successfully managed with conservative treatment. Most other metabolic disturbances were transient and without clinical manifestations. They gradually subsided as adaptation progressed in the active intestinal remnant. Follow-up studies 5 to 10 years after jejunoileostomy showed that its therapeutic effects were lasting and the @entity0 were free from persistent @entity2 . In the authors' opinion, jejunoileostomy is an effective therapeutic method, though associated with certain risks.

title: Long-term results of XXXX .

answer: @entity1