abstract: Continuous exposure to naturally-derived chemotherapy agents such as @entity12 may theoretically override drug resistance due to overexpression of the multidrug resistance gene product, @entity9 . @entity3 in high dose may have a similar overriding effect. Data also suggest that @entity7 both by continuous infusion and when combined with a @entity6 compound may be more effective. Forty-four chemotherapy-refractory/relapsed @entity4 @entity0 received the DICE infusional regimen. The programme consisted of @entity3 40 mg i.v. daily for 4 days, @entity7 1500 mg mixed with equal dosing of mesna continuously infused i.v. daily for 4 days, @entity5 25 mg i.v. each day for 4 days and @entity12 150 mg continuously infused i.v. daily for 4 days, all administered every 3 weeks. Doses of @entity7 and @entity12 were escalated by 250 mg and 25 mg, respectively, based on @entity0 tolerance, usually lack of myelosuppression. Special hydration was not required. @entity8 support was provided to @entity0 as required. All @entity0 had disease that had relapsed from or was resistant to @entity13 or a similar @entity14 -containing combination regimen. A majority had previously received at least two regimens and 27% had received three or more. Of 44 @entity0 , 32 (73%) achieved a significant response consisting of 18 complete remissions (CR) (41%) and 14 (32%) partial remissions (PR). There were 81% objective responses in large cell @entity4 comprised of 50% CR and 31% PR. Previous response to chemotherapy predicted response to DICE: 83% (25/30) of prior responders vs 50% (7/14) of non-responders had a response to the treatment regimen (p = 0.031, Fisher's exact test). @entity0 not undergoing transplantation had a median time of 8 months on therapy and a mean of 10 months. @entity2 was haematological (36% developing grade III-IV @entity2 ) and neurological (9%). There were only three episodes of clinical @entity11 or gross haematuria. Infusional DICE is an easily administered and well tolerated programme with significant activity in refractory or relapsed @entity10 and may be useful as a @entity1 -reductive therapy prior to high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation.

title: DICE ( @entity3 , @entity7 , XXXX , @entity12 ) infusional chemotherapy for refractory or relapsed @entity10 ( @entity10 ).

answer: @entity5


abstract: The natural history of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is not well defined and its clinical course is variable. We sought to investigate the survival and incidence of acute exacerbations (AEs) and their significant predictors in newly diagnosed @entity0 . 70 @entity0 newly diagnosed with @entity3 were prospectively followed for at least 3 yrs. Baseline evaluation included Medical Research Council dyspnoea score (MRCDS), 6-min walk test, pulmonary function tests, all of which were repeated at 6 months, and high-resolution computed tomography. A retrospective cohort of 68 @entity0 was used for confirmation. Mean survival from the time of diagnosis was 30 months, with a 3-yr mortality of 46%. A Risk stratificatiOn ScorE (ROSE) based on MRCDS > 3, 6-min walking distance  <= 72% predicted and composite physiologic index > 41 predicted 3-yr mortality with high specificity. 6-month progression of ROSE predicted rapid progression. 3-yr incidence of AE was 18.6%, mostly occurring in the first 18 months; risk factors for AE were concomitant @entity2 and low diffusing coefficient of the lung for @entity1 . Results were confirmed in an independent cohort of @entity0 . In newly diagnosed @entity3 , advanced disease at presentation, rapid progression and AEs are the determinants of 3-yr survival. The purpose of the multifactorial ROSE is to risk-stratify @entity0 in order to predict survival and detect rapid disease progression.

title: Predicting survival in newly diagnosed XXXX : a 3-year prospective study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Cytoreductive nephrectomy is commonly performed in @entity0 with @entity7 before systemic @entity6 ( @entity6 ) therapy. Open nephrectomy is associated with prolonged recovery during which @entity1 can progress. The feasibility of laparoscopic cytoreductive surgery in these @entity0 with large @entity5 was examined. The role of @entity2 morcellation in reducing the recovery period and allowing earlier treatment with @entity6 was investigated. METHODS: @entity0 with metastatic @entity5 underwent either open nephrectomy (group 1, n = 19) or laparoscopic cytoreductive nephrectomy (n = 11; 6 with @entity2 morcellation [group 2], 5 with @entity2 through a small incision [group 3]). The three groups were compared to evaluate relative recovery, suitability for treatment with @entity6 , and laparoscopic port site seeding. RESULTS: A group of 19 @entity0 underwent open nephrectomy (group 1). Eleven @entity0 with a median @entity2 volume of 377 cm3 (median @entity2 diameter 9 cm) underwent laparoscopic cytoreductive nephrectomy. Six of these @entity0 underwent @entity2 morcellation (group 2) and 5 underwent laparoscopic assisted nephrectomy (group 3). There was no difference in @entity0 age, sex, sites of @entity1 , ECOG status, size of @entity5 , or surgical complication rates among groups. @entity0 whose @entity2 was morcellated had reduced postoperative parenteral narcotic requirements and were discharged sooner than @entity0 undergoing open cytoreductive nephrectomy. Time to treatment with @entity6 was shortest in the morcellation group (median time to treatment 37 days). No port site seeding was observed. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic cytoreductive nephrectomy in @entity0 with bulky @entity3 is a safe procedure in selected @entity0 . This pilot study demonstrated a significant association of @entity2 morcellation with less postoperative @entity4 , faster time to discharge, and shorter time to treatment with @entity6 . A randomized study is warranted to determine the role of laparoscopic cytoreductive nephrectomy with @entity2 morcellation.

title: Laparoscopic cytoreductive nephrectomy as preparation for administration of systemic XXXX in the treatment of @entity7 : a pilot study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: Dopaminergic neurons are present in both plexuses of the @entity0 bowel and are upregulated after extrinsic denervation but play unknown roles in enteric nervous system (ENS) physiology. Transcripts encoding @entity2 (DA) receptors D1-D5 were analyzed by reverse transcription-PCR in stomach approximately duodenum approximately ileum approximately proximal > > distal colon. Dissected muscle and myenteric plexus contained transcripts encoding D1-D3 and D5, whereas mucosa contained D1 and D3-D5. D1-D5 expression began in fetal gut [embryonic day 10 (E10)], before the appearance of neurons (E12), and was sustained without developmental regulation through postnatal day 1. In situ hybridization revealed that subsets of submucosal and myenteric neurons contained mRNA encoding D2 or D3. Immunoblots confirmed that D1, D2, and D5 receptor proteins were present from stomach through distal colon. Subsets of submucosal and myenteric neurons were also D1, D2, or D3 immunoreactive. When double labeled by in situ hybridization, these neurons contained mRNA encoding the respective receptors. @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and colonic transit time (CTT) were measured in @entity0 lacking D2, D3, or D2 plus D3. Both @entity1 and CTT were decreased significantly (motility increased) in D2 and D2 plus D3, but not D3, knock-out animals. @entity0 lacking D2 and D2 plus D3 but not D3 were smaller than wild-type littermates, yet ate significantly more and had greater stool frequency, water content, and mass. Because motility is abnormal when D2 is absent, the net inhibitory DA effect on motility is physiologically significant. The early expression of DA receptors is also consistent with the possibility that DA affects ENS development.

title: Physiological modulation of intestinal motility by enteric dopaminergic neurons and the D2 receptor: analysis of XXXX receptor expression, location, development, and function in wild-type and knock-out @entity0 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence and risk factors of overweight (OW) and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) by BMI and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) by waist-to-height ratio, (WHtR) among the Balearic Islands' adult population. METHODS: Cross-sectional nutritional survey carried out in the Balearic Islands (2009-2010). A random sample (n = 1,081) of young (18-35 years) and middle-aged adults (36-55 years) were interviewed and anthropometrically measured. OW (BMI 25.0-29.9 kg/m(2)) and @entity1 (BMI >=  30 kg/m(2)) were defined according to WHO criteria. @entity2 was defined as WHtR >=  0.5. Socio-economic and lifestyle determinants were considered. RESULTS: The overall prevalence of OW/ @entity1 and @entity2 was 29.4% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 26.9-32.3%), 11.2% (95% CI 9.5-13.2%) and 33.1% (95% CI 30.4-36.0%), respectively. @entity0 showed higher prevalence of OW (35.9%, 95% CI 31.6-40.5%) and @entity2 (37.9%, 95% CI 33.6-42.5%) than @entity0 (OW 24.9%, 95% CI 21.7-28.4%; @entity2 29.7%, 95%CI 26.2-33.4%). Overall prevalence of @entity1 was 11.8% (95% CI 9.1-15.1%) in @entity0 and 10.8% (95% CI 8.6-13.5%) in @entity0 . Age and no leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) were main risk factors associated with OW/ @entity1 and @entity2 . Living with at least one @entity0 at home and to be married in @entity0 as well as to be unemployed, to be born in South America, and a low level of education in @entity0 were associated with @entity2 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity0 showed higher prevalence of OW and @entity2 than @entity0 . In both sexes, age is the main risk factor associated with OW/ @entity1 and @entity2 ; in @entity0 also the absence of LTPA plays a significant role.    2015 S. Karger GmbH, Freiburg.

title: Prevalence and Related Risk Factors of Overweight and XXXX among the Adult Population in the Balearic Islands, a Mediterranean Region.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Treating @entity0 with @entity1 relies heavily on rapid and proper diagnosis. Molecular detection such as PCR has become increasingly important and efforts have been made to simplify these detection methods. This study reports the development of a glass fibre-based lateral flow DNA biosensor that uses capture reagents coupled to carrier beads and detector reagent bioconjugated to gold nanoparticles, for the detection of foodborne pathogen, @entity3 . The DNA biosensor contains a test line which captures target PCR amplicons, an internal amplification control (IC) line which captures IC amplicons and a control line which acts as membrane control to validate the functionality of this device. The test line captures biotin labelled DNA, while the IC line captures digoxigenin labelled DNA. The detector reagent recognizes the @entity2 haptens of the amplified DNA and produces visual red lines. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies performed indicated that the capture reagents remained relatively immobile within the matrix of the membrane even after binding of the detector reagent. The DNA biosensor recorded a limit of detection (LoD) of 5ng of target DNA. A clinical evaluation was carried out with 174 strains of @entity3 and non @entity3 bacteria and the DNA biosensor recorded 100% for both sensitivity and specificity when compared to conventional agarose gel detection of DNA. Thus it is a viable alternative to agarose gel analysis and is easy-to-use, disposable and do not require any specialized equipment and use of carcinogenic chemicals.

title: A rapid DNA biosensor for the molecular diagnosis of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY: Many @entity0 with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), risk factors for @entity1 and no obvious contraindications do not receive oral anticoagulation. Estimations of the increased rate of @entity1 due to neglected anticoagulation, particularly in an elderly, non-selected population, are unknown. METHODS: Consecutive @entity0 with paroxysmal or permanent @entity2 admitted to the medical or surgical department of our hospital for any reason were studied. Risk factors for @entity1 and contraindications for anticoagulation were recorded. Estimations of the increased rate of cerebrovascular events due to neglected anticoagulation were based on data of a large meta-analysis. @entity0 were further stratified into different age and risk groups. RESULTS: 484 @entity0 with a mean age of 75 (12) years were studied, 45% were female. 237 @entity0 had no oral anticoagulation at hospital discharge, despite guideline recommendations. Contraindications for anticoagulation were found in 85 (36%) of these @entity0 , resulting in 152 @entity0 with neglected anticoagulation (31% of all @entity0 with @entity2 ). We estimated that, if all those @entity0 would have been treated according to guidelines, 7.4 @entity1 per year could be prevented in the study population. The estimated rate of preventable events was 4.9%/year (7.4/152). CONCLUSIONS: With better adherence to guidelines for oral anticoagulation in @entity0 with @entity2 and risk factors for @entity1 , a significant number of @entity1 could be prevented.

title: @entity2 : estimated excess rate of XXXX due to lacking adherence to guidelines.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We aim to expose our experience in the surgical correction of stress @entity5 (SUI) and to analyze the possible factors that could modify the outputs of this type of surgery. METHODS: We have studied 114 @entity0 who underwent surgery (60 Raz, 36 Burch, and 18 vaginal wall sling), with a mean follow-up time of 10.5 months. RESULTS: We have not succeeded in demonstrating that preoperative factors such as age, irritative voiding symptoms; history of prior hysterectomy or urethropexia, @entity2 , @entity1 or recurrent @entity4 ; the finding of cistocele, a positive Bonney-Marchetti test or bladder unstability, play any role in the outputs. The failure rate was 16.7% for vaginal wall sling procedure, 35% Raz, and 33.3% Burch. "Survival" analysis did not demonstrate differences related to the procedure or the surgeon. We discovered and important decrease of continence rate with time from the intervention. Higher incidence of @entity3 , urinary retention and greater residual urine were detected with transvaginal procedures. There was no difference in the incidence of @entity6 . CONCLUSIONS: We don't believe that the selection of candidates for this type of surgery should be carried out in base to the above mentioned preoperative factors. Also, we observed a consistent decrease of postoperative continence with time. Finally, we have detected a greater incidence of complications after transvaginal procedures.

title: [Comparative analysis of various techniques for the repair of stress @entity5 in XXXX . Review of our experience].

answer: @entity0


abstract: In acute stage of @entity3 , the surrounding zone of fresh @entity4 is termed penumbra, where microglia are activated in response to damaged cell-derived proinflammatory mediators. Rescuing penumbra by regulating inflammatory activity would minimize @entity4 volume, which positively correlates with functional outcome. To elucidate mechanisms by which inflammation occurs in penumbra, we performed immunohistochemical investigations using autopsied @entity0 brains affected by acute, subacute and chronic stages of @entity3 as well as cell culture experiments using a @entity1 microglia-derived cell line (BV-2). In penumbra of fresh @entity4 , immunoreactivity for @entity12 ( @entity12 ), which is responsible for the production and release of the proinflammatory mediator @entity8 ( @entity11 ), was intensely detected in neurons and astrocytes. Furthermore, immunoreactivities for the LPC receptors G protein-coupled receptor 132 ( @entity13 ) and P2X purinoreceptor 7 (P2X7R), as well as the CC chemokine monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( @entity7 ) and its receptor @entity9 , were detectable in activated microglia. Prior to cell culture experiments, it was confirmed that BV-2 cells were immunoreactive for ionized @entity2 -binding adaptor molecule 1 ( @entity10 ), @entity13 , P2X7R, @entity7 and @entity9 . Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that @entity7 and @entity9 mRNA expression levels were significantly increased by LPC stimulation. The LPC-driven increase in @entity7 transcripts was lowered by blockade of @entity13 or P2X7R or by inhibition of Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK) or inhibitor of kBa kinase. The LPC-driven increase in @entity9 transcripts was lowered by blockade of @entity13 or P2X7R or by inhibition of ROCK, phosphatidylinositide 3-kinanse, extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase, or @entity5 mitogen-activated protein kinase. The present results provide in vivo and in vitro evidence that in acute stage of @entity3 , the @entity12 enzyme product LPC is released from neurons and astrocytes and stimulates penumbra microglia via @entity13 and P2X7R, thereby exerting the @entity7 / @entity9 -mediated @entity6 through distinct cell-signaling pathways.

title: Activated microglia in XXXX penumbra upregulate @entity7 and @entity9 expression in response to @entity8 derived from adjacent neurons and astrocytes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: The effects of the nitrovasodilator, @entity5 , on intraocular pressure (IOP) and ciliary vascular tone were compared. IOP was measured in the @entity0 isolated eye that was perfused via the ciliary artery. Separately, vasodilator effects were assessed after raising the vascular tone using @entity3 (10 microM). @entity6 formation (AHF) rate was estimated by a @entity2 dilution method. @entity7 in the ciliary processes was measured by radioimmunoassay. When compared with controls, @entity5 (10 nmole bolus dose) was found to lower IOP (2.2 +/- 0.3 mm Hg; P < 0.01) via a reduction in AHF (12.19 +/- 0.26 microl/min to 6.36 +/- 0.53 microl/min; P < 0.001). @entity4 (1 micromole) also reduced ciliary vascular resistance (81.0 +/- 5.5%; P < 0.01). However, the drug was 20x more potent as an ocular @entity1 than as a vasodilator (ED50 0.28 nmole on IOP, 5.55 nmole on vascular effect). @entity4 (10 nmole) also increased levels of ciliary @entity7 (127 +/- 17 fmol/mg protein to 233 +/- 27 fmol/mg protein; P < 0.01). The IOP-lowering effect of @entity4 does not appear to depend on its ability to activate guanylyl cyclase (GC) in vascular smooth muscle, but rather is likely a consequence of direct activation of ciliary epithelial GC.

title: Intraocular pressure and vascular effects of @entity5 in XXXX perfused eye.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8512 Background: In Phase I/II studies, T and the combination of T+C each demonstrated promising activity against recurrent @entity5 , so a randomized study was performed. METHODS: Eligible @entity0 were <21 yrs with @entity1 at first recurrence after a first regimen of aggressive chemotherapy. 73 @entity0 had prior stem cell transplants. 13 @entity0 received "therapeutic window" @entity6 for 3-6 weeks as part of the study. T+C received T 0.75mg/m2+C 250mg/m2+ @entity7 150 mg/m2 daily*5d q21d. T received T 2.4mg/m2/d*5d q21d. Best response according to the International @entity5 Response Criteria was analyzed in a two-stage sequential design. In the calculation of time to @entity2 , @entity0 taken off study for stem cell transplant, refusal, or unrelated @entity4 were censored at that time. RESULTS: Target accrual 118, accrual 123, eligible 119 @entity0 (1996-2001). @entity3 was the same in both arms. @entity6 had no effect on outcome. There were 11 (19%) CR+PR on T, 18 (31%) on T+C; 19 (32%) CR+PR+MR on T, 26 (45%) on T+C. At least eight more responders in T+C than in T were required by the two-stage design in order to conclude superiority of T+C; with only seven, there is insufficient evidence to reach such a conclusion. For both EFS and S treatment comparisons, the curves were not significantly different. However, the time to disease progression was significantly longer for T+C. The 2-year Progression-Free Survival rates (+/- standard error) were 16%+/-6% (T) vs. 36%+/-9% (T+C), p=0.0379. CONCLUSIONS: There is a trend toward better results with T+C than T. Incorporation of the combination into front line treatment plans deserves further exploration. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Recurrent XXXX : Randomized treatment with topotecan + cyclophosphamide (T+C) vs. topotecan alone(T). A POG/CCG Intergroup Study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an increasingly common treatment for @entity0 with a range of @entity1 . Conditioning with cytotoxic chemotherapy and total body irradiation leaves @entity0 severely immunocompromised. T-cell reconstitution can take several years due to delayed restoration of thymic output. Understanding T-cell reconstitution in @entity0 is complicated by normal immune system maturation, heterogeneous diagnoses, and sparse uneven sampling due to the long time spans involved. We describe here a mechanistic mathematical model for @entity2 T-cell immune reconstitution following pediatric transplantation. Including relevant biology and using mixed-effects modelling allowed the factors affecting reconstitution to be identified. Bayesian predictions for the long-term reconstitution trajectories of individual @entity0 were then obtained using early post-transplant data. The model was developed using data from 288 @entity0 ; its predictive ability validated on data from a further 75 @entity0 , with long-term reconstitution predicted accurately in 81% of @entity0 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Predicting XXXX T-cell reconstitution following paediatric haematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is regulated by the interaction of the REM-ON and REM-OFF neurons located in the pedunculo-pontine-tegmentum (PPT) and the locus coeruleus (LC), respectively. Many other brain areas, particularly those controlling non- @entity3 (NREMS) and waking, modulate @entity3 by modulating these @entity3 -related neurons. Perifornical (PeF) orexin (Ox)-ergic neurons are reported to increase waking and reduce NREMS as well as @entity3 ; dysfunction of the PeF neurons are related to @entity1 . Hence, we were interested in understanding the neural mechanism of PeF-induced @entity3 modulation. As a first step we have recently reported that PeF Ox-ergic neurons modulate @entity3 by influencing the LC neurons (site for REM-OFF neurons). Thereafter, in this in vivo study we have explored the role of PeF inputs on the PPT neurons (site for REM-ON neurons) for the regulation of @entity3 . Chronic male @entity0 were surgically prepared with implanted bilateral cannulae in PeF and PPT and electrodes for recording sleep-waking patterns. After post-surgical recovery sleep-waking- @entity3 were recorded when bilateral PeF neurons were stimulated by @entity2 and simultaneously bilateral PPT neurons were infused with either saline or orexin receptor1 ( @entity4 ) antagonist. It was observed that PeF stimulation increased waking and decreased NREMS as well as @entity3 , which were prevented by @entity4 antagonist into the PPT. We conclude that the PeF stimulation-induced reduction in @entity3 was likely to be due to inhibition of REM-ON neurons in the PPT. As waking and NREMS are inversely related, subject to confirmation, the reduction in NREMS could be due to increased waking or vice versa. Based on our findings from this and earlier studies we have proposed a model showing connections between PeF- and PPT-neurons for @entity3 regulation.

title: REM sleep modulation by perifornical orexinergic inputs to the pedunculo-pontine tegmental neurons in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of late-onset @entity5 and its complications in @entity0 treated with rituximab (RTX) for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and other @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in a prospective registry. METHODS: The AutoImmunity and Rituximab registry is an independent 7-year prospective registry promoted by the French Society of Rheumatology. For each episode of @entity5 , data were validated by the clinician in charge of the @entity0 . RESULTS: Among 2624 @entity0 treated with RTX for refractory @entity3 , and at least 1 follow-up visit (a total follow-up of 4179 @entity0 -years in @entity2 and 987 @entity0 -years in @entity3 ), late-onset @entity5 was observed in 40 @entity0 (25 @entity2 (1.3% of @entity0 with @entity2 , 0.6/100 @entity0 -years), and @entity3 in 15 (2.3% of @entity0 with @entity3 , 1.5/100 @entity0 -years)). 6 @entity0 (15%) had neutrophils <500/mm(3), 8 (20%) had neutrophils between 500 and 1000/mm(3), and 26 (65%) had neutrophils between 1000 and 1500/mm(3). @entity5 occurred after a median period of 4.5 (3-6.5) months after the last RTX infusion in @entity0 with @entity2 , and 5 (3-6.5) months in @entity0 with @entity3 . 5 @entity0 (12.5%), 4 of them with neutrophils lower than 500/mm(3), developed a non-opportunistic serious @entity1 and required antibiotics and @entity4 injections, with a favourable outcome. After resolution of their RTX-related @entity5 , 19 @entity0 (47.5%) were re-treated, and @entity5 reoccurred in 3 of them. CONCLUSIONS: Late-onset @entity5 might occur after RTX and may result in serious @entity1 . Thus, monitoring of white cell count should be performed after RTX. However, in this large registry of @entity0 with @entity3 , the frequency of RTX-induced @entity5 was much lower than that previously reported in @entity0 treated for @entity6 or @entity3 .

title: Late-onset @entity5 after treatment with rituximab for @entity2 and other XXXX : data from the AutoImmunity and Rituximab registry.

answer: @entity3


abstract: When studying the adjustment of muscle perfusion during exercise, the influence of central factors (e.g. blood volume, central blood pressure and venous return) can be reduced by choosing small muscle groups. In the present study parallel determinations of cardiac output (CO), leg blood flow (LBF) and pulmonary @entity0 ( @entity5 ) uptake were performed in 9 healthy male subjects at the onset and cessation of dynamic foot @entity3 . The volunteers exercised with both feet for 5 minutes at 3 different resistances corresponding to 6%, 18% and 30% of the mean maximal @entity4 . Doppler measurements at the aortic root and in the femoral artery were utilized to estimate CO and LBF. @entity0 uptake was analyzed breath-by-breath as the difference between inspired and expired @entity0 volumes. Within the first 10 s of exercise LBF increased from 400 ml x @entity2 ) to about 1,000 ml x @entity2 ) at all exercises intensities. During the subsequent 5 minutes of exercise, LBF decreased to about 800 ml x @entity2 ) at the lowest intensity. By contrast, it increased to about 1,900 ml x @entity2 ) at the highest intensity. The changes in CO during exercise were quantitatively identical with the changes in LBF. The present results suggest that the fine adjustment of muscle blood flow and muscle metabolism starts only after a fast and uniform circulatory on response. The second component may lead to leg perfusion values above, at or below the initial peak perfusion levels. The off-transients of LBF displayed no comparable fast responses. They were slower than the recovery kinetics of any @entity1 measured in the present study.

title: Cardiac output, leg blood flow and XXXX uptake during foot @entity3 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare rates of @entity2 ( @entity2 ) in young @entity0 who were sexually abused, sexually precocious, and engaged in high-risk behaviors with the rates of @entity2 in young @entity0 who had none of these experiences. DESIGN: In this descriptive, comparative study, purposive, nonrandom sampling was used to obtain representation of @entity0 in four ethnic groups. @entity0 completed a questionnaire on their sexual history and high-risk behaviors, @entity1 and age of occurrence, and health issues, including @entity2 . Chi-square analyses were used to explore differences in these risk factors for @entity2 . SETTING: Data were collected at 44 urban and rural sites, including health clinics, private care providers, academic institutions, and Indian reservations. @entity0 : A convenience sample of 1,994 @entity0 ages 18-22 years and representing four ethnic groups. RESULTS: Sexually abused, precocious @entity0 who also engaged in high-risk sexual behaviors were the most likely to have had an STD: The sequence of these events was not significant. High-risk sexual behaviors appeared to be a greater risk factor for @entity2 than @entity1 or precocity. CONCLUSIONS: Young @entity0 who engage in high-risk sexual behaviors, such as sex on a first date or with a stranger, are at great risk for acquiring @entity2 . Nurses must be advocates for sex education in high schools to inform teenagers about the dangers of high-risk behaviors and @entity2 , and to explain ways to handle sexual coercion and possible rape.

title: @entity1 , sex before age 16, and high-risk behaviors of young females with XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 , a selective @entity5 reuptake inhibitor and 5-HT1A partial agonist approved for the treatment of major @entity2 , is extensively hepatically metabolized. The pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and safety of @entity6 were investigated in 2 trials comparing @entity0 with @entity4 with healthy controls. In these phase 1, open-label, parallel-group, single-dose pharmacokinetic studies, @entity6 (20 mg) was administered to @entity0 with mild, moderate, or severe @entity4 or individually matched healthy controls. @entity6 and M17 (the major metabolite) concentrations in plasma were analyzed using validated liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. Forty-eight @entity0 (8 each in mild, moderate, and severe @entity4 groups with matched healthy controls) were evaluated for pharmacokinetic analyses. All pharmacokinetic parameters in @entity0 with mild and moderate @entity4 were similar to those in healthy controls. Mean Cmax and AUC0-    were approximately 29% and 17% lower in @entity0 with severe @entity4 compared with healthy @entity0 ; values for Tmax, and t1/2 were similar between groups. @entity1 was experienced by more @entity0 with @entity4 than controls (10 vs. 5, respectively), and @entity3 (4 @entity0 ) occurred only in @entity0 with severe @entity4 ; other adverse events were roughly equivalent between groups. Following a single, 20-mg oral dose of @entity6 , pharmacokinetics were similar in @entity0 with mild, moderate, or severe @entity4 and healthy controls. No dose adjustment is needed for @entity0 with major @entity2 who have mild, moderate, or severe @entity4 .

title: Pharmacokinetics and Safety of @entity6 in XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Data on the dural invasiveness of @entity7 have been correlated to the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (e.g. @entity10 ). @entity3 proteases have not yet been investigated in @entity0 @entity7 . In this study, @entity8 -embedded material from 84 @entity0 @entity7 ( @entity12 n=18, @entity6 n=21, @entity13 n=18, thyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting @entity5 n=1, nonsecreting @entity5 n=26) and 9 nontumourous anterior pituitary lobes (obtained from @entity0 with @entity2 ) was immunohistochemically analysed for expression of @entity9 , @entity10 , @entity11 ( @entity11 ), @entity15 ( @entity15 ), @entity16 ( @entity16 ), tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA), @entity14 ( @entity14 ), and @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Cavernous sinus invasion was determined by assessment of preoperative magnetic resonance imaging and intraoperative inspection (invasive n=50, noninvasive n=34). In @entity7 , reactions were positive (diffuse expression) to @entity9 (74% of cases), @entity10 (49%), @entity11 (88%), @entity15 (89%), @entity16 (90%), tPA (69%), and @entity14 (87%). A weak expression of @entity4 was found in 12% of the @entity5 . All reactions were positive (focal expression) in every sample of anterior lobe tissue, except for @entity15 (negative in 3 out of 9 cases), and @entity4 (faintly positive in 5 out of 8 cases). @entity5 showed remarkably greater expression of @entity15 than anterior lobe tissue (Chi-square P<0.05). Nonsecreting @entity5 exhibited a stronger tendency towards overexpression of @entity15 in invasive @entity1 when compared to noninvasive @entity5 (Chi-square P=0.053). We found no correlation of @entity10 expression and @entity1 invasion. @entity11 was overexpressed in noninvasive as compared to invasive @entity5 (Chi-square P<0.05). The interrelationship between MMPs and @entity3 proteinases in @entity7 remains to be elucidated. From our data, a correlation between @entity4 and an activation of @entity10 cannot be proven. The @entity15 -system may, however, play a role in dural invasion of @entity7 .

title: Expression of XXXX proteases and metalloproteinases in @entity0 @entity7 and anterior pituitary lobe tissue.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity0 with advanced @entity1 who experience relapse after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) have a poor prognosis. Long-term survival after chemotherapy alone, second myeloablative transplant, or donor leukocyte infusions (DLIs) alone is unusual. DLIs may have minimal effectiveness in advanced disease because adequate cellular responses are not able to develop in the presence of bulky, fast-growing disease. A chemotherapy strategy was used to debulk disease before administration of @entity2 ( @entity2 )-primed DLIs. @entity0 AND METHODS: Sixty-five @entity0 experiencing hematologic relapse of @entity1 after HLA-matched sibling BMT were prospectively treated with @entity4 -based chemotherapy, then @entity2 -primed DLIs. No prophylactic immunosuppression was provided. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of 57 assessable @entity0 experienced a complete response. @entity3 ( @entity3 ) was observed in 56% of the @entity0 . Treatment-related mortality was 23%. Overall survival at 2 years for the entire cohort was 19%. @entity0 with a complete response were more likely to survive, with 1- and 2-year survival rates of 51% and 41%, respectively, with a median follow-up of more than 2 years. The 1-year survival for nonresponders was 5%. A posttransplant remission lasting more than 6 months before relapse was associated with a higher likelihood of response. @entity3 was not required for durable remission. CONCLUSION: Salvage treatment with chemotherapy before DLI can help some @entity0 with advanced myeloid relapse and is not dependent on @entity3 . @entity0 with short remissions after BMT are unlikely to benefit from this approach, and the approach is associated with significant treatment-related mortality. Modifications of this approach or entirely different approaches will be required for most @entity0 with this difficult clinical problem.

title: Prospective trial of chemotherapy and donor leukocyte infusions for relapse of advanced XXXX after allogeneic stem-cell transplantation.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: Low-dose @entity2 ( @entity3 ) is approved for the treatment of recalcitrant @entity1 ( @entity1 ). The objective of this study was to determine the effect of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the percutaneous absorption of @entity3 and its analog @entity8 (EDAM), and develop transdermal (TD) delivery systems of the drugs for the treatment of @entity1 . METHODS: From previously published pharmacokinetic parameters with low-dose @entity3 therapy, and considering a 50 cm2 diffusional area, the target steady state in vitro TD flux for @entity3 was calculated to be 35 micrograms/cm2/hr. Modified Franz diffusion chambers and hairless @entity0 skin were used for in vitro skin permeation studies. Hairless @entity0 were used for in vivo studies. Delivered amounts of @entity3 and EDAM were determined by assaying the receiver phase fluid (or blood) with validated reversed phase HPLC methods. RESULTS: Intrinsic partition coefficient of @entity3 was low (log P = -1.2). Target @entity3 fluxes of > or = 35 micrograms/cm2/hr were achievable only with 1-15% (v/v) @entity7 in @entity4 (PG). Flux of EDAM (85 micrograms/cm2/hr) was higher than @entity3 from an @entity5 ( @entity6 )-5% (v/v) @entity7 system. Clinically significant steady state in vivo blood concentration of @entity3 and EDAM was achieved using delivery systems containing > or = 2.5% @entity7 in PG. Area under the drug concentration-time curves (AUC0-24 hr) for @entity3 were 2379 and 3534 ng*hr/ml from PG-2.5% @entity7 and PG-7.5% @entity7 systems respectively. AUC0-24 hr of EDAM was 6893 ng*hr/ml using a PG-2.5% @entity7 system. CONCLUSIONS: Results of this study show the feasibility of using a transdermal delivery system of @entity3 and EDAM for the treatment of @entity1 .

title: Effect of vehicles and penetration enhancers on the in vitro and in vivo percutaneous absorption of XXXX and @entity8 through hairless @entity0 skin.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to investigate the value of cardiovascular tests to diagnose @entity8 in @entity0 with apparent treatment-resistant @entity2 and to assess the extent of misdiagnosis of @entity2 in @entity0 . BACKGROUND: Adult studies have shown that up to 35% of @entity2 may have been misdiagnosed. These @entity0 may have @entity1 , with @entity6 due to @entity10 , which may be difficult to differentiate from @entity2 . Studies in @entity0 are lacking. METHODS: Thirty-one @entity0 (12 male, mean age 10.07 +/- 5 years [range 4 to 17]) who were previously diagnosed with @entity2 were studied. Inclusion criteria were continued attacks despite adequate anticonvulsant drug treatment (n = 17) or possible @entity2 on the basis of clinical grounds (n = 14). Each @entity0 underwent a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), an orthostatic test and carotid sinus massage during continuous ECG and blood pressure monitoring. Ten @entity0 had Holter monitoring. RESULTS: An alternative diagnosis was found in 19 @entity0 (61.3%), including 8 (47%) of 17 patients taking anticonvulsant medications. Nine @entity0 (29%) developed profound @entity4 or @entity9 during orthostatic test, confirming the diagnosis of @entity5 . Seven @entity0 (22.5%) had @entity7 ( @entity7 ). Two (6.4%) had significant ECG pauses during carotid sinus massage. In these two @entity0 episodes of prolonged @entity9 correlated precisely with @entity3 by Holter recording, was noted. One @entity0 (3.2%) developed psychogenic symptoms during the orthostatic test. CONCLUSION: A simple, non-invasive cardiovascular evaluation may identify an alternative diagnosis in many @entity0 with apparent @entity2 and should be considered early in the management of @entity0 with @entity3 episodes.

title: All @entity3 are not XXXX : many have a cardiovascular cause.

answer: @entity2


abstract: REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Increased serum nonesterified @entity2 ( @entity4 ) and decreased serum electrolytes are linked to abdomasal displacements in post partum dairy @entity0 . Post partum colic in mares may be associated with metabolic changes specific to pregnancy and the periparturient period. OBJECTIVES: To determine if fluctuations in serum @entity4 , ionised @entity1 (iCa) and @entity3 (iMg) occurred in periparturient mares and if these alterations were associated with post partum colic. STUDY DESIGN: Longitudinal observational study. METHODS: Mares from 3 farms in central Kentucky were enrolled. Blood samples were collected 14 days prior to the estimated foaling date, within 4 days post parturition, and 14 and 28 days after foaling for batch analysis of serum @entity4 , iCa and iMg. Health information was provided by farm managers and veterinarians. Data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis   (2) statistic for nonparametric data and a matched case/control approach. Repeated measures logistic regression models were developed. RESULTS: Serum NEFAs were higher at 14-1 day before foaling (mean    s.d., mmol/l), 0.28    0.12, P = 0.04 and from foaling to 4 days after foaling, 0.29    0.20 (P = 0.05) in mares that developed colic compared with those that did not colic, 0.19    0.05 and 0.21    0.14, respectively. Ionised @entity1 was lower at 15-28 days post foaling in mares that showed colic, 1.50    0.17 compared to mares that did not colic, 1.60    0.12, P = 0.02. Risk of colic in post partum mares increased 38% for each 0.1 mmol/l increase in serum @entity4 (odds ratio = 1.38, 95% confidence interval 1.06-1.81, P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Mares with post partum colic had significantly higher serum @entity4 and lower iCa prior to the colic episode compared with mares that did not develop colic. Monitoring these metabolic alterations may lead to predictive and preventive colic strategies for post partum mares.

title: Increased serum nonesterified fatty acid and low ionised XXXX concentrations are associated with post partum colic in mares.

answer: @entity1


abstract: @entity6 / @entity1 oral contraceptives have some side effects, including @entity4 . To alleviate side effects, improvements have been made to low-dose oral contraceptives, including reductions in the amount of @entity1 and/or changes the type of progestin. A compound drug containing 3mg @entity8 and 20 g @entity7 (DRSP/EE20, @entity10  ) was released in overseas markets in 2006, and in Japan in 2010 as a newly developed low-dose medicines. This drug is expected to have lower side effects. We received a medicolegal autopsy case of a young @entity0 who had been prescribed YAZ for @entity5 for 17months. The autopsy revealed a blood clot in her pulmonary artery bifurcation. Blood screening by ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis did not detect any medicinal toxicants. However, from police investigations, it is strongly believed that she had been taking YAZ. Therefore we performed a single ion resolution mode assay and detected DRSP. A quantitative analysis revealed 32.3ng/mL of DRSP. As no other cause of the @entity3 was evident, we consider YAZ as the likely cause of the @entity3 . Recent reports from the past few years suggest a higher risk of @entity4 with DRSP/EE20 than earlier progestin/ @entity1 oral contraceptives. Comparing the risk associated with DRSP/EE20 and DRSP/EE30, one report found no differences and another report showed DRSP/EE20 was associated with a higher risk than DRSP/EE30. No cases of @entity2 caused by @entity6 alone have been reported. But comparing the risk between DRSP/EE20 and other @entity9 /EE20, two studies reported DRSP/EE20 had a higher risk than other @entity9 /EE20. The incidence of @entity4 is highest in the first year of use and decreases thereafter. Because DRSP/EE20 has been on the market for only a couple of years, it is necessary for clinicians to use the drug carefully and accumulate more side-effect data. It is important for forensic scientists to confirm all of the prescribed drugs in autopsy cases, search the risks of identified drugs, particularly new drugs, and provide relevant case information in a timely manner.

title: @entity8 detected in postmortem blood of a young @entity0 with XXXX : A case report and review of the literature.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current evidence suggests a survival benefit to post-operative surveillance following curative @entity2 resection; however, there is still no consensus on the optimal duration and form. OBJECTIVES: The objective is to prospectively audit outcomes of an intensive @entity2 follow-up scheme for time to recurrence and survival. METHODS: We used a surveillance protocol designed to incorporate regular clinical, biochemical, radiological and endoscopic measures at pre-defined intervals. SETTING: The setting was a Department of Colorectal Surgery in a Tertiary Academic Centre. Follow-up was led by specially trained colorectal nurses in conjunction with surgeons. @entity0 : Consecutive @entity0 who had undergone curative treatment for @entity2 were included in this study. MAIN OUTCOMES: Outcomes were measured in terms of overall survival and disease recurrence. RESULTS: There were 436 @entity0 entered into follow-up, all treated with curative intent. Mean age 65.9  years (SD 12.9  years) and 240 male (55.0  %). Ninety-four @entity0 (21.5  %) with stage I disease, 119 (27.3  %) stage IIa, 30 (6.9  %) stage IIb, 18 (4.1  %) stage IIIa, 78 (17.9  %) stage IIIb, 45 (10.4  %) stage IIIc and 52 (11.9  %) stage IV. Overall median survival was 37.5  months for all @entity0 , (range 0.0-207.8  months). Ninety-two (21.1  %) @entity1 were recorded during the course of the study. The overall 5-year actuarial cancer-related survival was 81.7  %. There was a 40.3  % 5-year actuarial survival was recorded in @entity0 with 39 a recurrence, 57.7  % in @entity0 treated with further curative 40 intent and 27.7  % in @entity0 who received palliative treatment 41 (P   <   0.001). Ninety-seven percent of recurrences were detected within 4  years of curative treatment. CONCLUSIONS: This follow-up protocol confers an 81  % overall 5-year actuarial survival. Our study suggests that surveillance after curative resection can be limited to 4  years, which would lead to detection of over 97  % of all recurrences.

title: Intensive surveillance following curative treatment of XXXX allows effective treatment of recurrence even if limited to 4  years.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical efficacy and complications of treating sternal @entity2 by resection and @entity6 mesh thoracic reconstruction. METHODS: This retrospective analysis of eight @entity1 with sternal @entity2 treated in the Department of Orthopedic Surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2008 to June 2012 included five @entity1 and three @entity1 aged 37-66 years (mean, 50.4 years). The histological diagnoses were @entity5 (two cases), @entity4 (one), @entity8 (two), @entity10 (one) and sternal metastasis from @entity0 (two). The @entity2 were invading the manubrium sterni (three cases), manubrium sterni and body (three) and sternal body (two). All @entity1 underwent needle or incisional biopsy prior to sternal @entity2 resection and @entity6 mesh thoracic reconstruction. RESULTS: All @entity1 were followed for 9 months to 4 years. There were no intraoperative complications or operative or postoperative deaths. One @entity1 developed a deep wound @entity7 1 week postoperatively; incisional drainage and debridement resulting in healing within 2 weeks. There was no loosening or exsertion of the @entity6 mesh and no @entity1 developed @entity9 or @entity3 . One @entity1 with @entity8 died of lung metastases 9 months postoperatively, another with @entity8 died of liver metastases 14 months postoperatively; the remaining @entity1 survived without @entity2 recurrence. CONCLUSION: @entity6 mesh chest reconstruction after sternal @entity2 resection has the advantages of simplifying the procedure, achieving a good shape and having few complications. @entity6 mesh is an ideal material for reconstruction of the sternum.

title: @entity2 resection and reconstruction with XXXX mesh: a preliminary study.

answer: @entity6


abstract: When comparing two populations of multiply injured @entity0 differences in @entity0 characteristics must be controlled for. To measure the overall severity of injury, scaling systems are used. If after adjustment for injury severity, the proportion of deaths in the two data sets are still different, the difference is to be considered as due to the quality of care. However, this conclusion is only valid after excluding the possibility that the scale in use fails to adequately reflect certain injuries. The scope of the study is to demonstrate a method for examining this potential interference. As an example, four widely used scales were applied to the data of 418 multiply injured @entity0 . By means of multiple logistic regression analysis, variables were selected which have an influence on prognosis in addition to a scale, thus indicating a subgroup of @entity0 who are underrepresented by the respective scoring system. For the scales examined, these additional variables were: Head and thoracic @entity1 for the Polytrauma score (Oestern), abdominal and thoracic @entity1 for the @entity1 index (Schreinlechner), thoracic @entity1 and age for the @entity1 score (Champion), @entity2 and age for the Injury Severity Score (Baker). We conclude that each score analyzed had its characteristic weak points. Prognostic quality was affected by casemix. Therefore, comparisons between groups of polytraumatized @entity0 may be invalidated. The method outlined here is a useful means for checking a scoring system for these types of interfering variables. Therefore, it is recommended to search routinely for potentially interfering variables before applying a scale. In a given data set of multiply injured @entity0 , appropriate adjustments can then be made for the deficiencies of the scoring system.

title: [Effects of injury pattern on the predictability of 4 multiple XXXX scores. Presentation of a method for identifying artifacts].

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 are surrounded and infiltrated by a variety of stromal cell types, including fibroblasts, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells, which interact with malignant cells to generate the @entity0 microenvironment (TME). This complex environment is thought to be regulated by the @entity0 in order to promote its survival and progression and thus constitutes a potential target for @entity0 therapy. However, intercellular communication within the microenvironment is not yet well understood. The current study investigates the mechanism by which @entity0 and immune cells communicate using an in vitro coculture model. It is demonstrated that @entity3 , a proinflammatory cytokine, secreted by immune cells promotes @entity1 cell invasiveness. In addition, in the presence of @entity3 , the @entity0 cells were able to secrete circulating miRNAs @entity4 and @entity5 to further induce immune cell @entity3 production. Activated immune cells were also found to release @entity4 into the TME. Taken together, these mechanistic findings provide a better understanding of intercellular communication between immune and @entity0 cells in the TME and offer insight into some of the key players that mediate this cross-talk. IMPLICATIONS: This study demonstrates that @entity0 and immune cells communicate via @entity3 and circulating miRNAs to sustain chronic @entity2 and promote prometastatic @entity0 cell behavior. In addition, critical players are identified that mediate intercellular communication in the TME and suggest possible therapeutic approaches that target the microenvironment. Mol Cancer Res; 13(11); 1-7.   2015 AACR.

title: @entity3 Mediates Immune and @entity1 Cell Cross-talk via XXXX and @entity5 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Reducing the frequency of milk recording would help reduce the costs of official milk recording. However, this approach could also negatively affect the accuracy of predicting daily yields. This problem has been investigated in numerous studies. In addition, published equations take into account @entity0 ( @entity0 ), and these are often not available and/or are unreliable in practice. The first objective of this study was to propose models in which the @entity0 was replaced by a combination of data easily recorded by dairy farmers. The second objective was to further investigate the @entity1 (FA) present in milk. Equations to predict daily yield from AM or PM data were based on a calibration database containing 79,971 records related to 51 traits [milk yield (expected AM, expected PM, and expected daily); fat content (expected AM, expected PM, and expected daily); fat yield (expected AM, expected PM, and expected daily; g/day); levels of seven different FAs or FA groups (expected AM, expected PM, and expected daily; g/dL milk), and the corresponding FA yields for these seven FA types/groups (expected AM, expected PM, and expected daily; g/day)]. These equations were validated using two distinct external datasets. The results obtained from the proposed models were compared to previously published results for models which included a @entity0 effect. The corresponding correlation values ranged from 96.4% to 97.6% when the daily yields were estimated from the AM milkings and ranged from 96.9% to 98.3% when the daily yields were estimated from the PM milkings. The simplicity of these proposed models should facilitate their use by breeding and milk recording organizations.

title: Predictions of Daily Milk and Fat Yields, Major Groups of XXXX , and C18:1 cis-9 from Single Milking Data without a Milking Interval.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Genetic influences are thought by many to play an important role in the cause of @entity1 . We studied two closely intermarried families (Family G) whose ancestors immigrated to the United States from Russia. We investigated this family clinically, genealogically, and pathologically. Our pedigree contained 102 members spanning six generations, with 10 affected individuals and 1 affected spouse. Detailed telephone interviews were conducted with affected individuals, with their spouses, and with their at-risk siblings. Medical records of deceased and living affected @entity0 were collected. Physical examinations were performed on 7 at-risk and 5 affected @entity0 . Typical levodopa-responsive @entity3 with @entity8 , @entity7 , resting @entity4 , and impaired postural reflexes was seen in 4 members, @entity2 was present in 3, and 3 had both @entity2 and @entity3 . An autopsy completed on 1 individual, our index case, demonstrated Lewy bodies in the brainstem and neocortex and ubiquitin-positive @entity5 in the CA2-3 region of the hippocampus, consistent with the limbic (transitional) form of @entity6 . This family is distinct both clinically and pathologically from several previously reported @entity1 kindreds.

title: @entity3 , @entity2 , and XXXX : study of family G.

answer: @entity6


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 ( @entity8 , or @entity8 ) is upregulated in grafts with @entity0 . However, the functional role of @entity8 in the pathogenesis of @entity0 remains unclear. @entity8 may regulate lesion development by modulating the early alloimmune response and/or late myointimal thickening. METHODS AND RESULTS: To determine whether @entity8 -mediated pathways protect against or promote @entity0 , we used @entity8 -deficient @entity1 as recipients in our vascularized chronic cardiac rejection model. The severity of vascular thickening in 55-day grafts placed into @entity8 -/- recipients (n=13) was compared with that in wild-type recipients (n=15). Computer-assisted analysis of all elastin-stained vessels (n=283) showed significantly increased luminal occlusion (77.11+/-9.4% versus 40.8+/-13.6%, P<.0001) and intima/media ratios in allografts from @entity8 -/- recipients (1.9+/-1.3 versus 0.4+/-0.3, P=.0002). To elucidate potential mechanisms, we studied @entity8 effects on T-cell differentiation ( @entity6 / @entity5 ) and neointimal smooth muscle cell accumulation. Normalized mRNA levels for @entity6 - (signal transducer and activator of transcription [STAT] 4, interleukin [IL]-2, @entity4 ) and @entity5 - ( @entity7 , @entity2 , and @entity3 ) associated factors were comparable in both groups. In contrast, quantitative analysis of the alpha-actin-positive area showed a significant increase in the contribution of smooth muscle cells within the neointima in allografts from @entity8 -/- recipients (28.2+/-2.0%) compared with wild-type controls (13.2+/-2.3%; P<.0001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 plays a protective role in the development of @entity0 , suppressing neointimal smooth muscle cell accumulation.

title: Exacerbated @entity0 in inducible nitric oxide-deficient XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In a minority of @entity0 with a significant @entity2 history no cause is found despite extensive testing and we diagnose such cases as @entity5 ( @entity5 ). UBDs may have diverse underlying causes and currently no standard management strategy exists in the event of a @entity2 or to cover surgery. AIM: To document the clinical characteristics and response to treatment of UBDs. METHODS: We performed a retrospective chart review of all @entity0 with UBDs who had an invasive procedure at our centre between 1998 and 2014. RESULTS: The commonest symptoms were @entity4 (89%) and @entity2 at the time of surgery (88%) or dental extraction (85%). A total of 33 @entity0 underwent 78 minor and major haemostatic challenges. Haemostatic cover was provided in 28 procedures with @entity3 alone, two with desmopressin and 45 with both agents in combination. A successful haemostatic outcome was observed in 70/78 (90%) cases. No @entity0 required additional surgical intervention to achieve haemostasis, but one @entity0 required a platelet transfusion to control @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study to report on the investigation and treatment of @entity5 . Future studies are needed to further our understanding of the @entity2 phenotype and identify any underlying causes.

title: Unclassified XXXX : outcome of haemostatic challenges following @entity3 and/or desmopressin.

answer: @entity5


abstract: The presence of four different isoforms of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormones (LHRH) and one LHRH receptor ( @entity3 ) has been reported in vertebrates. In the @entity0 genome only LHRH-I and @entity4 genes have been identified. The @entity0 LHRH-I gene is composed of four exons separated by three introns. Three LHRH receptor or receptor-like genes have been demonstrated. The well-established type-I LHRH receptor ( @entity3 -I) gene is composed of three exons separated by two introns. In this study we investigated the expression of transcript forms of @entity3 -I in @entity0 @entity1 ( @entity1 ) with reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using gene specific primers. Thirty-five @entity0 @entity1 specimens were obtained at surgery. Normal @entity0 pituitaries collected at autopsy served as control. RNA extraction and RT-PCR with gene-specific primers for @entity3 -I forward (F1)/reverse (R1), @entity3 -I F2/R3, @entity3 -I F1'/R2' were carried out to determine the mRNA expression for @entity3 -I transcript forms. The expected PCR products amplified with gene specific primers were @entity2 with 319 bp, @entity3 -I F2/R3 with 309 bp and @entity3 -I F1'/R2' with 219 bp. PCR products for @entity2 were detected in 21 (60%) and for @entity3 -I F2/R3 in 5 of 35 (14%) @entity1 samples. No PCR products for @entity3 -I F1'/R2' were found. In conclusion, we detected mRNA for @entity3 -I in @entity0 @entity1 specimens. Our results suggest that @entity3 -I gene may have more than two splice variants or uncharacterised transcript forms of @entity3 -I. Our findings support the merit of further investigation of the expression of @entity3 -I and its transcript forms in @entity0 @entity1 .

title: Expression of mRNA for @entity0 type-I LHRH receptor transcript forms in @entity0 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7272 Background: Exisulind (E) is an oral selective apoptotic antineoplastic drug that exerts its antitumor effect via the inhibition of @entity1 -related @entity12 phosphodiesterase and activation of protein kinase G. E caused growth inhibition when used alone and with chemotherapy in multiple in vitro and in @entity1 models. The aim of this study is to define the maximum tolerated dose (Phase I) and efficacy (Phase II) of V + E in elderly @entity0 with IIIB/IV @entity6 . METHODS: @entity0 (pts) were > 69 yrs of age. No prior chemotherapy was allowed. PS 0-1. Pts were entered on 3 dose levels of E (125 mg BID, 125 mg qAM and 250 mg qPM, and 250 mg BID) with V (25 mg/m(2)) given weekly in a 4 week cycle. Pts with clinical benefit (CR/PR/SD) after 6 cycles of V + E were allowed to continue on E alone Results: 14 pts were enrolled in the phase I portion of the study: 3 on dose level 1, 4 on dose level 2 and 7 on an expanded dose level 3. Median age of this group was 78 yrs (range 72-84). Dose limiting @entity2 included grade (Gr) 3 @entity5 (1 pt) and @entity11 diarrhea (1 pt), both at dose level 2, and Gr 4 @entity3 (1 pt) at dose level 3. The MTD of E was 125 mg BID. One PR was confirmed. 15 pts have been enrolled thus far in the phase II portion of the study (a total accrual of 30 pts is anticipated); median age is 77 yrs (range 71-81). @entity11 /4 treatment-related @entity2 include @entity8 (5 pts; 2 with Gr 4), @entity9 (4 pts), @entity4 (1 pt), fatigue (3 pts), @entity7 (2 pts), and @entity5 (1 pt). 12 pts are evaluable for response: 2 PRs have been confirmed. The preliminary median survival for pts in the phase II portion of the study to date @entity10 weeks (range 1 - 49+ weeks). CONCLUSIONS: E does not appear to worsen the @entity2 of V in untreated elderly @entity0 with advanced @entity6 . The phase II portion of this study is on-going. [Table: see text].

title: Phase I/II study of exisulind (E) and vinorelbine (V) in elderly XXXX with advanced @entity6 ( @entity6 ).

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: A strong antimicrobial synergism between @entity5 (CHX) and @entity3 ( @entity4 ) has been reported, but there is not enough data on the @entity2 of this combination. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the @entity2 of CHX- @entity4 combination in different concentrations and secondary aim is to assess the influence of @entity4 on @entity2 of CHX on cultured @entity0 periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PDL cells were cultured from healthy @entity0 third molar teeth and were exposed to six prepared solutions (0.2% and 2% CHX separately and in combination with 1% and 3% @entity4 ). The @entity1 assay was applied to assess their effects on the viability of the PDL cells. Two-way analysis of variance approach and subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the differences in mean cell viability values. A level of P < 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS: All tested solutions were toxic to PDL cells. There was a significant interaction effect between CHX and @entity4 . The 2% CHX combined with 3% @entity4 was the most and 0.2% CHX was the least cytotoxic solutions. The 2% CHX was significantly more toxic than 0.2% CHX and @entity4 combinations. The @entity2 of 0.2% CHX and @entity4 combinations did not significantly rise by increasing the concentration of @entity4 from 1% to 3%. CONCLUSION: @entity4 affected the @entity2 of CHX in a variable concentration-dependent manner. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that 2% CHX alone and in combination with either 1 or 3% @entity4 are significantly more toxic than 0.2% CHX alone and in combination with 1 and 3% @entity4 . Therefore, to benefit from the synergistic antimicrobial effect between CHX and @entity4 , with a minimal @entity2 , it is recommended to use 0.2% concentration of CHX combined with 3% @entity4 .

title: XXXX of @entity5 - @entity3 combination in different concentrations on cultured @entity0 periodontal ligament fibroblasts.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e16001 Background: Majority of @entity0 with @entity2 present with locally advanced disease. Most of the @entity0 are treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. However, the @entity3 are substantial and can be associated with severe local and systemic @entity3 . Alternate schedules of @entity4 have been tried to overcome these @entity3 . No formal comparison, however, has been reported between alternate schedules and reference regimen in literature. The primary aim is to report a retrospective study comparing alternate schedule of @entity4 with standard three weekly bolus @entity4 in terms of effectiveness and related @entity3 . METHODS: @entity0 with @entity2 who were treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy in our center between periods of 2007-2009 were retrospectively analyzed. Basic demographics and clinical characteristics' of the @entity0 were collected. Parameters such as overall survival rate, locoregional or systemic relapse rates, and time to local/systemic relapse, which show treatment effectiveness and also main @entity3 , parameters were recorded. RESULTS: Fifty five eligible @entity0 were analyzed retrospectively. No significant difference was observed between the two groups of the study as compared to the median overall survival time. One, two, and three-year probability of survival for @entity0 in groups A and B were 75% to 65% in one year, 63% to 56% in two year, and 63% to 52% in three year, respectively. Locoregional relapse and systemic relapse were similar in both groups. Although time to local and systemic relapse was higher in group B as compared to group A, a statistical analysis was failed to show any significant difference. Furthermore, there was no significant difference between groups with respect to major @entity3 . Only development of grade III-IV @entity1 during treatment showed significant effect on OS in univariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity0 with @entity2 , concurrent chemoradiotherapy with weekly @entity4 can be accepted as effective as concurrent chemoradiotherapy with three weekly high dose bolus @entity4 .

title: Weekly XXXX versus standard three-weekly @entity4 in concurrent chemoradiotherapy of @entity2 : Baskent University experience.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The genus Sphingobacterium, whose members are Gram-negative non-fermentative rods, possesses ceramides and related sphingophospholipids (SPLs) with isoheptadecasphinganine and 2-hydroxy or non-hydroxy isopentadecanoic acid. This paper reports evidence that ceramides isolated from Sphingobacterium spiritivorum ATCC 33861 induce endonucleolytic DNA cleavage in @entity0 @entity3 HL-60 cells in vitro, which is the primary characteristic biochemical marker for apoptosis or programmed cell death. Ceramides and SPLs also induced DNA fragmentation and @entity1 activation, followed by changes in morphology, such as alterations in the size of nuclei and cells, and cell cycle shortening. Apoptotic activity correlated with the ceramide structure. Ceramide with a 2-hydroxy fatty acid showed stronger apoptotic activity than ceramide with a non-hydroxy fatty acid. Furthermore, the major five SPLs (ceramide phosphorylethanolamine-1 and -2, ceramide phosphorylinositol-1 and -2, and ceramide phosphorylmannose-1) showed apoptosis-inducing activity in HL-60 cells, indicating that the ceramide moiety of the SPLs plays a crucial role as the intracellular second messenger but that their hydrophilicity is less important in this regard. The hydrophilic part of SPLs may play a role in other cellular response systems. The involvement of @entity2 was implicated in the apoptotic event since @entity2 expression was observed after 3 or 4 h stimulation of HL-60 cells with bacterial ceramides. However, a time-course study for @entity1 activation indicated maximal activity at 1 h after stimulation with bacterial ceramides, suggesting that two (or possibly more) mechanisms of signal transduction, Fas-dependent and Fas-independent, may be involved. @entity2 expression and @entity1 activation by five kinds of SPLs were observed after 3 or 4 h. These results indicate that there is a difference in the response of HL-60 cells to bacterial ceramides and SPLs.

title: Bacterial ceramides and sphingophospholipids induce apoptosis of XXXX leukaemic cells.

answer: @entity0


abstract: This study aimed to summarize our experience in surgical treatment of @entity2 after repair of @entity4 . A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical data of 22 @entity0 who accepted surgical treatment of @entity2 after @entity4 repair. Included were 16 cases of @entity2 after incisional hernia repair, 5 cases of @entity2 after abdominal wall defect repair following @entity1 resection, and 1 case of @entity2 with @entity3 caused by a @entity5 repair with a prosthetic patch. All @entity0 had received local dressing treatment for 2 to 24 months but were not healed. The affected mesh was removed successfully in all @entity0 . Six @entity0 had abdominal wall repair using the component separation technique; 4 @entity0 were treated by strengthened repair with @entity6 mesh; 10 @entity0 were repaired with @entity0 acellular dermal matrix; 1 @entity0 received local dressing changes and vacuum sealing drain treatment without repair; and 1 @entity0 received wound closure without strengthened repair. The postoperative hospital stay was 9-29 days (mean 16 days). After treatment, 19 @entity0 recovered with primary wound healing and 3 @entity0 recovered with secondary healing. All @entity0 were followed up for 6-38 months (mean 26 months), and no @entity4 recurred except 1 case of lower abdominal bulge. @entity2 after @entity4 repair are difficult to treat using prosthetic materials. For satisfactory results, surgery should be performed according to the specific condition of the individual.

title: A retrospective analysis of surgical treatment of @entity2 after repair of XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Microglial activation is a polarized process divided into potentially neuroprotective phenotype M2 and @entity2 phenotype M1, predominant during chronic neuroinflammation. Endocannabinoid system provides an attractive target to control the balance between microglial phenotypes. @entity3 as an immune modulator in the central nervous system acts via not only cannabinoid receptors ( @entity5 and @entity4 ) but also other targets (e.g., @entity7 / @entity8 ). We studied the effect of @entity3 on @entity6 -induced changes in @entity0 primary microglial cultures. Microglial activation was assessed based on @entity1 (NO) production. Analysis of mRNA was conducted for M1 and M2 phenotype markers possibly affected by the treatment. Our results showed that lipopolysaccharide-induced NO release in microglia was significantly attenuated, with concomitant downregulation of M1 phenotypic markers, after pretreatment with @entity3 . This effect was not sensitive to @entity5 or @entity7 / @entity8 antagonism. Administration of @entity4 antagonist partially abolished the effects of @entity3 on microglia. Interestingly, administration of a @entity7 / @entity8 antagonist by itself suppressed NO release. In summary, we showed that the endocannabinoid system plays a crucial role in the management of neuroinflammation by dampening the activation of an M1 phenotype. This effect was primarily controlled by the @entity4 , although functional cross talk with @entity7 / @entity8 may occur.

title: XXXX , Acting via @entity4 Receptors, Alleviates LPS-Induced Neuroinflammation in @entity0 Primary Microglial Cultures.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Since 2003, high-risk @entity3 (HR-NB) @entity0 at our center received anti-GD2 antibody 3F8/ @entity5 + @entity7 - but not myeloablative therapy with autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT). Post-ASCT @entity0 referred from elsewhere also received 3F8/ @entity5 + @entity7 . We therefore accrued a study population of two groups treated during the same period and whose consolidative therapy, aside from ASCT, was identical. We analyzed @entity0 enrolled in 1st complete/very good partial remission (CR/VGPR). Their event-free survival (EFS) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) were calculated from study entry. Large study size allowed robust statistical analyses of key prognosticators including @entity6 amplification, @entity1 ( @entity1 ), @entity2 polymorphisms, and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genotypes of natural killer cells. The 170 study @entity0 included 60 enrolled following ASCT and 110 following conventional chemotherapy. The two cohorts had similar clinical and biological features. Five-year rates for ASCT and non-ASCT @entity0 were, respectively: EFS 65% vs. 51% (p = .128), and @entity4 76% vs. 75% (p = .975). In multivariate analysis, ASCT was not prognostic and only @entity1 -negativity after two cycles of 3F8/ @entity5 correlated with significantly improved EFS and @entity4 . Although a trend towards better EFS is seen with ASCT, @entity4 is near identical. Cure rates may be similar, as close surveillance detects localized relapse and effective salvage treatments are applied. ASCT may not be needed to improve outcome when anti-GD2 immunotherapy is used for consolidation after dose-intensive conventional chemotherapy.

title: Lack of survival advantage with autologous stem-cell transplantation in high-risk XXXX consolidated by anti-GD2 immunotherapy and @entity7 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to quantify the effect of different statistical techniques, inclusion/exclusion criteria, and missing data on the predicted median survival age. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Using the Canadian @entity1 registry (CCFR), the median age of survival was calculated using both the Cox proportional hazards (PH) and the life-table methods. Through simulations, we examined how the median age of survival would change when: (1) @entity0 were excluded, (2) death dates were inaccurate, (3) @entity0 were lost to follow-up, (4) entire years with no clinic visits were excluded even if the    @entity0 had a visit in subsequent years, and (5) censoring @entity0 at their date of transplant. Simulations were run assuming 5-35% of data were affected by each scenario. RESULTS: Over the period 2009-2013, there were 4,666 individuals in the CCFR with 240 deaths. The observed median age of survival calculated by the Cox PH method was 50.9 [95% confidence interval (CI): 47.4, 54.3] and 50.5 from the life-table method (95% CI: 47.5, 53.5). Censoring @entity0 at their transplant date overestimated the median age of survival by 7.2  years (58.1; 95% CI: 53.3, 64.7). Simulations determined that by missing just 15% of deaths, the median age of survival can be overestimated by 3.5  years (54.4; 95% CI: 54.2, 56.1), and having 25% of @entity0 lost to follow-up can underestimate the median age of survival by 3.3  years (47.6; 95% CI: 46.8, 47.7). CONCLUSION: We present several recommendations to assist national @entity1 registries in calculating and reporting the median age of survival in a standardized fashion. It is imperative to state the statistical method used as well as the proportion lost to follow-up and the treatment of missing data and transplanted @entity0 . Registries must be diligent in their data collection as incomplete data can lead to overestimation and underestimation of survival.

title: A standardized approach to estimating survival statistics for population-based XXXX registry cohorts.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Although @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a common cause of @entity1 , it is fortunately amenable to screening with faecal tests for occult blood and endoscopic tests. Despite the evidence for the efficacy of guaiac-based faecal occult blood tests (gFOBT), they have not been popular with primary care providers in many jurisdictions, in part because of poor sensitivity for advanced @entity2 (advanced @entity3 and @entity2 ). In order to address this issue, high sensitivity gFOBT have been recommended, however, these tests are limited by a reduction in specificity compared with the traditional gFOBT. Where colonoscopy is available, some providers have opted to recommend screening colonoscopy to their @entity0 instead of faecal testing, as they believe it to be a better test. Newer methods for detecting occult @entity0 blood in faeces have been developed. These tests, called @entity4 ( @entity4 ), are immunoassays specific for @entity0 haemoglobin. @entity4 hold considerable promise over the traditional guaiac methods including improved analytical and clinical sensitivity for @entity2 , better detection of advanced @entity3 , and greater screenee participation. In addition, the quantitative @entity4 are more flexible than gFOBT as a numerical result is reported, allowing customisation of the positivity threshold. When compared with endoscopy, @entity4 are less sensitive for the detection of advanced @entity2 when only one time testing is applied to a screening population; however, this is offset by improved participation in a programme of annual or biennial screens and a better safety profile. This review will describe how gFOBT and @entity4 work and will present the evidence that supports the use of @entity4 over gFOBT, including the cost-effectiveness of @entity4 relative to gFOBT. Finally, specific issues related to @entity4 will be discussed, particularly with respect to organised @entity2 screening programmes.

title: Faecal immunochemical tests versus guaiac faecal occult blood tests: what clinicians and XXXX screening programme organisers need to know.

answer: @entity2


abstract: For a better understanding of the formal pathogenesis of @entity2 , the @entity1 was investigated three dimensionally. The histological reconstruction method, using serial histological sections, was adopted for the three-dimensional observation. Histology of the case showed @entity3 with occasional fibrous bridging of the portal to portal tract or hepatic vein. Graphic reconstructions revealed various degrees of altered angioarchitecture from place to place. While the conducting portion of the portal vein was almost preserved, the pathological changes mostly began at the parenchymal portion, especially second step or subsequent branches of the portal vein. In general, portal vein branches showed damage such as stenoses, disappearance, an increase and decrease in number and distorted spatial arrangements. Even in less damaged portal tracts, portal veins showed such changes to some extent. In severely damaged places with bridging @entity0 , a normal lobular angioarchitecture was completely lost; instead, portal veins, arteries and hepatic veins were tangled with each other. Parenchymal nutrition was suggested to be dependent on the remaining third-step portal branches or newly formed ones. However, the hepatic vein system had a tendency to be preserved and distributed fluently in the parenchyma. The distortion of these portal vessels indicated various degrees of loss of the lobular architecture. In conclusion, it is suggested that an early histological sign of @entity0 develops in the course of @entity3 .

title: Three-dimensional observations on the alterations of lobular architecture in @entity3 with special reference to its angioarchitecture for a better understanding of the formal pathogenesis of XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 provide a unique platform to dissect disease pathogenesis with the availability of recombinant inbred strains and diverse genetically modified strains. Leveraging these reagents to elucidate the mechanisms of @entity1 tissue injury has been hindered by difficulty establishing persistent @entity1 in these inbred lines. @entity4 ( @entity4 ) infusion provides relatively short term activation of the renin angiotensinogen system (RAS) with concomitant elevated arterial pressure. Longer duration studies using renin @entity0 are powerful models of chronic @entity1 , yet are limited by the genetic background on which the transgene exists and exposure throughout development. The present studies characterized @entity1 produced by transduction with a renin coding AAV (ReninAAV). ReninAAV @entity0 experienced elevated circulating renin with concurrent elevations in arterial pressure. Following a single injection of ReninAAV arterial pressure increased on average +56mmHg that persisted for at least twelve weeks in three distinct and widely used strains of adult @entity0 : 129/S6, @entity3 and DBA/2J. This was accomplished without surgical implantation of pumps or complex breeding and backcrossing. In addition, ReninAAV @entity0 developed pathophysiological changes associated with chronic @entity1 including increased heart weight and @entity2 . Thus ReninAAV provides a unique tool to study the onset of and effects of persistent @entity1 in diverse @entity0 models. This model should facilitate our understanding of the pathogenesis of @entity1 .

title: VIRAL TRANSDUCTION OF RENIN RAPIDLY ESTABLISHES PERSISTANT HYPERTENSION IN DIVERSE XXXX STRAINS.

answer: @entity0


abstract: In the prognosis of @entity0 , pathologists are facing a time of consolidation. Widely accepted guidelines have been gained only recently, with expectations that further developments are soon to come. Prognostic data influence systemic treatment decisions that are largely dependent on stage criteria of lymph nodes and @entity2 size as well as menopausal status. Some researchers propose that @entity4 has no therapeutic consequences and may not be necessary if the majority of @entity1 are to be treated by chemotherapy. Some pathologists take this information as gospel for simplifying the management of a complex disease, whereas others take information available at different levels of certainty and set treatment threshold probabilities on an individual @entity1 basis. With @entity3 and systemic therapy, I believe that combined histologic grade, including an emphasis on mitotic counts and other proliferation indicators, provides information at either end of the staging spectrum. Thus, high-grade, small @entity2 are likely to recur and low-grade, large @entity2 are unlikely to recur, at least within a 2- to 5-year period. Whether use of this information can be extended and verified for use in therapeutic decision making for neoadjuvant chemotherapy or various escalated chemotherapy regimens remains to be established. However, this use of prognostic indicators or predictors to indicate therapeutic responsiveness represents the field's immediate future. There are separate and important indicators of local treatment failure in the breast following conservation. It is likely that the extensiveness of @entity5 is the major determinant of local recurrence and that its interaction with extensiveness, type of @entity3 in situ, and the branching ductal anatomy of the breast are of primary importance. Finally, the groups of conditions recognized as @entity5 continue to provide a fertile field of questioning and discovery. Unassailable at the present time is the evidence that small, low-grade lesions may be treated effectively by planned wide local excision. Precise guidelines and further information are necessary from planned trials stratified by size and histologic criteria. Prognostic considerations have only become important in guiding treatment decisions in the past few decades. The escalating importance of prognostic categories derives from the availability of more varied treatment options, which have applications in the different clinical settings discussed in this chapter.

title: Prognostic indicators in XXXX and who needs them.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Association of knee and @entity3 with @entity1 is poorly understood. We aimed to clarify the independent and combined effects of these orthopedic symptoms on sleep in a large-scale general population. METHODS: Cross-sectional data about @entity3 were collected for 9,611 community residents (53  14 years old) by a structured questionnaire. Sleep duration less than 6 h/d was defined as short sleep. Sleep quality and the presence of knee and @entity3 were evaluated by dichotomous questions. Subjects who complained about knee or @entity3 were graded by tertiles of a numerical response scale (NRS) score and a Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RDQ) score respectively. Multivariate regression analyses were performed to determine the correlates of @entity1 and poor sleep quality. RESULTS: Frequency of @entity0 who complained of the orthopedic symptoms was as follows; @entity2 , 29.0%; @entity3 , 42.0% and both knee and @entity3 17.6%. Both knee and @entity3 were significantly and independently associated with @entity1 ( @entity2 : odds ratio (OR) = 1.19, p<0.01; @entity3 : OR = 1.13, p = 0.01) and poor sleep quality ( @entity2 : OR = 1.22, p<0.01; @entity3 ; OR = 1.57, p<0.01). The group in the highest tertile of the NRS or RDQ score had the highest risk for @entity1 and poor sleep quality except for the relationship between the highest tertile of the RDQ score and @entity1 .(the highest tertile of the NRS: OR for @entity1 = 1.31, p<0.01; OR for poor sleep quality = 1.47, p<0.01; the highest tertile of the RDQ: OR for @entity1 = 1.11, p = 0.12; OR for poor sleep quality = 1.81, p<0.01) Further, coincident knee and @entity3 raised the odds ratios for @entity1 (either of knee or @entity3 : OR = 1.10, p = 0.06; both knee and @entity3 : OR = 1.40, p<0.01) and poor sleep quality (either of knee or @entity3 : OR = 1.61, p<0.01; both knee and @entity3 : OR = 2.17, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: Knee and @entity3 were independently associated with @entity1 and poor sleep quality. Further, they additively increased the correlation with these sleep problems in the general population.

title: Knee @entity2 and Low Back XXXX Additively Disturb Sleep in the General Population: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Nagahama Study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: According to international recommendations, the selection of the biologic disease modifying anti-rheumatic drug (bDMARD) for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is mainly left to the clinician's preference. We analyzed the real-life factors influencing the first-line choice or the switching strategy, focusing on the prescription of abatacept (ABA) or tocilizumab (TCZ) compared to TNFa inhibitors (TNFi). @entity0 enrolled in the Lombardy Rheumatology Network (LORHEN) Registry after January 1, 2010, when all considered bDMARD agents were available, were included. The population was divided into "first-" and "second-line" bDMARD. We included 1910 @entity0 (first line n  =  1264, second line n  =  646). Age was higher in ABA or TCZ vs TNFi treated @entity0 (p  <  0.0001). Positive @entity7 screening was associated with first-line ABA (p  =  0.002). @entity4 ( @entity6 ) combination therapy was lower in the TCZ group (p  =  0.02). The type ( @entity5 , @entity1 , @entity3 ) and the number of comorbidities influenced the choice towards ABA (p  =  0.01). Multinomial logistic regression demonstrated that a second-line treatment, higher age, @entity5 , @entity3 , other comorbidities, and extra-articular @entity2 manifestations were associated with ABA compared to TNFi. TCZ was associated with a second-line treatment, higher age, and more severe disease activity. Stopping the first bDMARD due to adverse events (AE) influenced the choice towards ABA. In real life, higher age and comorbidities influence the choice towards ABA and TCZ compared to TNFi. ABA was preferred in case of suspension of previous treatments due to AE. After failing a first-line TNFi, swapping to a different mechanism of action is more common.

title: Factors influencing the choice of first- and second-line biologic therapy for the treatment of XXXX : real-life data from the Italian LORHEN Registry.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Potential cardiac sources of @entity2 may promote @entity1 . The aim of this study was to evaluate their role in segmental, nongangrenous @entity1 and to determine the usefulness of routine cardiac evaluation in @entity0 with this disease. METHODS: Sixty case and 60 control @entity0 matched for age and gender were included and questioned regarding treatment and prior cardiovascular history or risk factors. Potential cardiac sources of @entity2 , classified as "proven" or " still debated," were screened using an electrocardiogram, rhythmic Holter monitoring over 24 h, and transthoracic echocardiography. RESULTS: Sex ratio (male:female) was 1:2, and mean age was 70 +/- 14 yr. Case and control @entity0 had similar drug use, prior cardiovascular history, and risk factors. A potential cardiac source of @entity2 was found in 26/60 case (43%), compared with 14/60 control @entity0 (23%) (p = 0.02; OR = 2.5, 95% CI = 1.2-5.5). Excluding the "still debated," 21/60 case (35%), compared with 8/60 control @entity0 (13%), had a "proven" cardiac source of @entity2 (p < 0.01; OR = 3.5, 95% CI = 1.4-8.4). Electrocardiogram alone misdiagnosed 72% of the "proven" cardiac sources of @entity2 , whereas the combination electrocardiogram plus Holter monitoring detected 71%, and electrocardiogram plus echocardiography 62%. Twelve of 21 case @entity0 with at least one proven cardiac source of @entity2 , were previously unknown. Anticoagulant therapy was required in 32% of case patients and antiarrhythmic therapy in 25% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Potential cardiac sources of @entity2 were more common in @entity0 with segmental, nongangrenous @entity1 than in control @entity0 . Therefore, these @entity0 should undergo a routine electrocardiogram, rhythmic Holter monitoring, and transthoracic echocardiography. Anticoagulant therapy should also be considered for this @entity0 population.

title: Cardiac sources of XXXX should be routinely screened in @entity1 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Objective This study was performed to analyze the lesion patterns of lacunae-sized @entity3 on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) findings in the perforating arterial territory, and to determine whether this pattern of satellite lesions affected @entity4 ( @entity4 ). Methods Seventy-five @entity0 with acute lacunae-sized @entity3 in the perforating arterial territory (pons or territory of the lenticulostriate arteries), which was confirmed by cranial magnetic resonance image (MRI), were enrolled in this study. These @entity0 were divided into @entity4 (n=30) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) (n=45) groups according to the dynamic scores of the National Institutes of Health @entity2 Scale (NIHSS) within 7 days after @entity2 . The lesion patterns of lacunae-sized @entity3 were divided into single oval or satellite lesions signs based on DWI. The risk factors of @entity2 and the clinical characteristics of all the subjects, including @entity1 , @entity5 patterns in image, and the condition of the basilar artery, were comparatively analyzed. Results The constituent ratio of satellite lesions signs [20/30 (66.7%)] in the @entity4 group was higher than that [10/45 (22.2%)] of the @entity4 group (  (2)= 6.1, p=0.013). Mean NIHSS scores in the @entity4 group on admission were higher than that of the @entity4 group (4.60  1.40 vs. 3.75  1.2, t=2.81, p=0.003). A logistic regression analysis showed that the pattern of satellite lesions was associated with @entity4 .    odds ratio (OR): 3.0, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-7.17, p=0.014   . Conclusion Satellite lesions are one of the features of lacunae-sized @entity3 patterns, which might be an independent predictor in DWI findings for @entity4 in @entity0 with lacunae-sized @entity3 in the perforating arterial territory.

title: The Infarct Shape Predicts Progressive Motor Deficits in XXXX with Acute Lacunae-sized Infarctions in the Perforating Arterial Territory.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a type of @entity2 composed of malformed, dilated blood vessels within the papillary and @entity3 . Currently, pulsed dye laser (PDL) is considered the therapeutic gold standard, although greater than 90% of lesions may be refractory to treatment. Studies have shown that a delay in treatment results in a higher proportion of @entity0 who develop @entity1 and nodularity within lesions that become more resistant to therapy. Therapeutic resistance is multifactorial, but is believed to be largely due to revascularization after laser treatment. Oral @entity4 and topical imiquimod have shown promise as adjunctive therapies to minimize post-laser revascularization, but both have significant side effects. We wish to demonstrate the utility of adjunct topical @entity4 to reduce revascularization after PDL treatment. STUDY DESIGN/ @entity0 AND METHODS: This is a single @entity0 case report of a 56-year-old male @entity0 with an extensive @entity5 . After seeing initial improvement with PDL alone, he began to experience thickening and nodularity of his @entity5 necessitating surgical debulking. Since this procedure, topical @entity4 0.5% ointment has been added to his treatment regimen as an adjunct to PDL. The @entity0 is being treated with PDL (Vbeam Perfecta, Candela/Syneron, Wayland, MA) every 4-6 weeks at varied settings with the following laser parameters: fluence 9-11   J/cm(2) , pulse duration 0.45-1.5   ms, focal spot size 7   mm, cooling 30/20. @entity4 0.5% ointment is applied to the area twice daily. RESULTS: The @entity0 showed significant improvement in color and texture of his @entity5 . Compared to the initial therapy of PDL alone, topical @entity4 ointment in conjunction with PDL demonstrated greater improvement and maintenance of therapeutic results with fewer overall laser treatments. CONCLUSION: Topical @entity4 0.5% ointment is a safe and effective adjunct to PDL in the treatment of @entity5 . Lasers Surg. Med. 48:193-196, 2016.    2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Port wine stain treated with a combination of pulsed dye laser and topical XXXX ointment.

answer: @entity4


abstract: Platelet production, distribution, and destruction have been quantitated in normal @entity0 and in selected @entity0 with @entity3 . In most instances, total production as calculated from the megakaryocyte mass agreed with production estimated from platelet turnover. In @entity0 with megaloblastosis, a discrepancy between these two measurements indicated the presence of ineffective thrombopoiesis. Thrombopoiesis was regulated by (a) alterations in megakaryocyte number, and (b) changes in megakaryocyte volume (produced by changes in endomitosis). The volume-endomitosis changes were closely related to the peripheral platelet count and were a useful indicator of thrombopoietic stimulus. @entity1 have been classified on the basis of the disturbed physiology into disorders of (a) production (hypoproliferative or ineffective), (b) distribution (splenic pooling), or (c) destruction (immune or consumptive). Less than a twofold increase in platelet production in the presence of significant @entity1 was taken to represent impaired proliferation. @entity2 was classified as reactive or autonomous. Reactive @entity2 was consistently associated with a mean megakaryocyte volume and endomitosis less than normal but appropriate for the elevated circulating platelet count. In contrast, the average megakaryocyte volume and nuclear number were always greater than normal in @entity2 findings indicating autonomy.

title: Thrombokinetics in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: There have been no reports on the relationship of subgingival temperature to specific gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) components. Therefore, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine whether there was any relationship between subgingival temperature and GCF levels of neutrophil elastase (NE), @entity10 ( @entity10 ), beta-glucuronidase (BG), @entity3 ( @entity3 ), and interferon alpha (IFN). Furthermore, another objective was to confirm an association of subgingival temperature with clinical parameters and specific @entity1 micro-organisms as has been reported earlier. 27 @entity0 subjects each having healthy (n = 50), @entity6 (n = 59) and @entity5 (n = 53) sites were evaluated. The plaque index (PI), subgingival temperature, probing depth, @entity12 , @entity2 index and gingival index were measured. GCF was sampled following the measurement of the PI and removal of the @entity1 . GCF samples were assayed for the enzymes NE, BG, @entity10 and the cytokines @entity8 and @entity3 . A sterile Gracey curette was utilized at each sampled site to collect @entity1 . The plaque samples were evaluated using an immunoassay. Subgingival temperature was found to directly correlate with all clinical parameters (p < 0.001). Significant, albeit not large, correlations were found between subgingival temperature and NE (r = 0.35, p < 0.001), @entity10 (r = 0.26, p < 0.001) and BG (r = 0.23, p < 0.01). Temperature was found to correlate positively with @entity11 (r = 0.33, p < 0.02) and @entity13 (r = 0.25, p < 0.05) but not with @entity9 (r = 0.02, p = 0.9), @entity7 (r = 0.20, p = 0.1) and A. actinomycetemcomitans (r = 0.01, p > 0.9). In conclusion, subgingival temperature is correlated with the GCF enzymes, NE, @entity10 and BG as well as the clinical parameters and specific plaque micro-organisms associated with @entity4 .

title: Subgingival temperature: relation to gingival crevicular fluid enzymes, cytokines, and XXXX micro-organisms.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Traditionally, immunosuppressive maintenance therapy in solid organ transplantation has consisted of @entity3 ( @entity7 ), @entity5 , and @entity4 . However, lung transplant recipients are far more frequently affected by acute rejection, especially during the first 6 months after the transplantation, than @entity0 with other transplanted organs. Further, they display a greater risk for chronic @entity1 and ultimate graft loss. @entity9 ( @entity9 ) is the major cause of morbidity and mortality among long-term survivors after lung transplantation. Acute pulmonary allograft rejection has been identified as the major risk factor for the development of @entity9 . Based on favourable results in kidney, liver, and heart transplantation, @entity8 and @entity6 have been used as primary prophylaxis and as rescue therapy for recurrent or persistent acute rejection and @entity9 . A secondary indication is CsA @entity2 . This review focuses on reported results of the combination of @entity8 and @entity6 in lung transplantation. These new immunosuppressive drugs have markedly improved the efficacy profiles without additional detrimental @entity2 , and appear to be a safe alternative to CsA and @entity5 in @entity0 following lung transplantation. However, at present, @entity9 is not influenced by these new drugs. The optimal long-term immunosuppressive regimen remains to be established.

title: Lung transplants with @entity8 and XXXX : a review.

answer: @entity6