abstract: OBJECTIVE: Adaptation of the Clavien-Dindo classification for assessing the severity of complications following the endoscopic treatment of @entity2 and evaluation of its versatility and objectivity. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 1027 @entity0 who presented stones located in upper urinary tract (597 males, 58.1% and 430 females, 41.9%), mean age 38.9  15.6 (range, 4 to 84) years. The age ranged from 4 to 15 years in 46 (4.5%) of the @entity0 . The mean size of the stones was 30.3  0.6 (range, 3 to 150) mm. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and ureteroscopy (URS) were performed by three experienced surgeons, PNL with the @entity0 in the prone position. Fragmentation of stones was carried out using a pneumatic lithotripter. The outcomes were compared using Fisher's exact test and Student's t-test. The Clavien-Dindo grading system was used. RESULTS: We observed 195 (19.0%) @entity0 who presented a total of 250 complications during the postoperative period. Additional interventions have been performed to eliminate 74 complications: 41 under general anesthesia and 33 without it. "Stone free status" was reached in 879 (85.6%) @entity0 . @entity1 were assessed using Clavien grading system: Grade I for 64 complications (6.2%); Grade II for 111 (10.8%); Grade IIIa for 33 (3.2%); Grade IIIb for 39 (3.8%); Grade IVa for 3 (0.3%); Grade IVb for 0; and Grade V for 0. CONCLUSION: There is no ideal classification system for assessing the severity of surgical complications. The Clavien-Dindo classification can be adapted to assess the severity of @entity1 following endoscopic procedures for @entity2 if certain corrections are made.

title: Applicability of the Clavien-Dindo grading system for assessing the @entity1 of endoscopic surgery for XXXX : a critical review.

answer: @entity2


abstract: Excess dietary salt intake is an established cause of @entity1 . At present, our understanding of the neuropathophysiology of salt-sensitive @entity1 is limited by a lack of identification of the central nervous system mechanisms that modulate sympathetic outflow and blood pressure in response to dietary salt intake. We hypothesized that impairment of brain Gai2-protein-gated signal transduction pathways would result in increased sympathetically mediated renal @entity3 retention, thus promoting the development of salt-sensitive @entity1 . To test this hypothesis, naive or renal denervated Dahl salt-resistant and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 were assigned to receive a continuous intracerebroventricular control scrambled or a targeted Gai2-oligodeoxynucleotide infusion, and naive Brown Norway and 8-congenic @entity4 @entity0 were fed a 21-day normal or high-salt diet. High salt intake did not alter blood pressure, suppressed plasma @entity2 , and evoked a site-specific increase in hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus Gai2-protein levels in naive Brown Norway, Dahl salt-resistant, and scrambled oligodeoxynucleotide-infused Dahl salt-resistant but not @entity4 @entity0 . In Dahl salt-resistant @entity0 , Gai2 downregulation evoked rapid renal nerve-dependent @entity1 , @entity3 retention, and sympathoexcitation. In @entity4 @entity0 , Gai2 downregulation exacerbated salt-sensitive @entity1 via a renal nerve-dependent mechanism. Congenic-8 @entity4 @entity0 exhibited @entity3 -evoked paraventricular nucleus-specific Gai2-protein upregulation and attenuated @entity1 , @entity3 retention, and global sympathoexcitation compared with @entity4 @entity0 . These data demonstrate that paraventricular nucleus Gai2-protein-gated pathways represent a conserved central molecular pathway mediating sympathoinhibitory renal nerve-dependent responses evoked to maintain @entity3 homeostasis and a salt-resistant phenotype. Impairment of this mechanism contributes to the development of salt-sensitive @entity1 .

title: Gai2-protein-mediated signal transduction: central nervous system molecular mechanism countering the development of @entity3 -dependent XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: There are varying, often conflicting, reports with respect to altered striatal volume and morphometry in the major @entity4 due to the influences of antipsychotic medications on striatal volume. Thus, disassociating disease effects from those of medication become exceedingly difficult. For the first time, using a longitudinally studied sample of structural magnetic resonance images from @entity0 with @entity5 ( @entity5 ; neurobiologically contiguous with the adult onset form of @entity2 ), their nonpsychotic siblings (COSSIBs), and novel shape mapping algorithms that are volume independent, we report the familial contribution of striatal morphology in @entity2 . The results of our volumetric analyses demonstrate age-related increases in overall striatal volumes specific only to @entity5 . However, both @entity5 and COSSIBs showed overlapping shape differences in the striatal head, which normalized in COSSIBs by late adolescence. These results mirror previous studies from our group, demonstrating @entity1 in @entity5 and COSSIBs as these deficits normalize in COSSIBs in the same age range as our striatal findings. Finally, there is a single region of nonoverlapping outward displacement in the dorsal aspect of the caudate body, potentially indicative of a response to medication. Striatal shape may be considered complimentary to volume as an endophenotype, and, in some cases may provide information that is not detectable using standard volumetric techniques. Our striatal shape findings demonstrate the striking localization of abnormalities in striatal the head. The neuroanatomical localization of these findings suggest the presence of @entity3 in @entity2 and resilience mechanisms in COSSIBs with age dependent normalization. Hum Brain Mapp, 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: XXXX as novel neurodevelopmental endophenotypes in @entity2 : A longitudinal study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 ( @entity2 ) mortality continued to decline from 1985 to 1997. METHODS AND RESULTS: We tabulated @entity2 deaths ( @entity5 -9 codes 410 through 414) in the Minneapolis/St Paul, Minnesota, area. For 1985, 1990, and 1995, trained nurses abstracted the hospital records of @entity0 30 to 74 years old with a discharge diagnosis of acute @entity2 ( @entity5 -9 codes 410 or 411). @entity3 ( @entity3 ) events were validated and followed for 3-year all-cause mortality. Between 1985 and 1997, age-adjusted @entity2 mortality rates in Minneapolis/St Paul fell 47% and 51% in @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively; the comparable declines in @entity6 whites were 34% and 29%. In-hospital mortality declined faster than out-of-hospital mortality. The rate of @entity3 ( @entity5 -9 code 410) hospital discharges declined almost 20% between 1985 and 1995, whereas the discharge rate for unstable @entity4 ( @entity5 -9 code 411) increased substantially. The incidence of hospitalized definite @entity3 declined approximately 10%, whereas recurrence rates fell 20% to 30%. Three-year case fatality rates after hospitalized @entity3 decreased consistently by 31% and 41% in @entity0 and @entity0 , respectively. In-hospital administration of thrombolytic therapy, emergency angioplasty, ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, heparin, and @entity1 increased greatly. CONCLUSIONS: Declining out-of-hospital death rates, declining incidence and recurrence of @entity3 in the population, and marked improvements in the survival of @entity3 @entity0 all contributed to the 1985 to 1997 decline of @entity2 mortality in the Minneapolis/St Paul metropolitan area. The effects of early and late medical care seem to have had the greatest contribution to rates during this time period.

title: Trends in acute XXXX mortality, morbidity, and medical care from 1985 through 1997: the Minnesota heart survey.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4 ( @entity4 ) is a rare @entity2 in @entity0 with important distinctions from the @entity3 . We reviewed the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) to determine factors associated with long-term survival. METHODS: The NCDB was queried for @entity0 less than 18years of age who were diagnosed with @entity4 between 1998 and 2011. Kaplan-Meier analysis was utilized to determine factors significantly associated with overall survival. RESULTS: A total of 111 @entity0 were included (median age: 4years, 69% female). @entity4 was more common in the youngest cohort, with 48% of cases occurring in @entity0 younger than the age of 3. Median @entity2 size was 9.5cm (IQR: 6.5-13.0), and 87% of @entity0 underwent some form of surgical resection. Among @entity0 with available data, 19 of 62 presented with @entity1 . Overall 1- and 3-year survival was 70% and 64%, respectively. Age, @entity2 size, extension of @entity2 into surrounding tissue, and @entity1 were all found to be significantly associated with survival. Among @entity0 who underwent a surgical procedure, margin status was also found to be significantly associated with survival. CONCLUSION: Age, @entity2 size, extension of @entity2 , @entity1 , and margin status are significantly associated with long-term survival in @entity0 with @entity4 .

title: Factors associated with survival in pediatric XXXX : An analysis of the National Cancer Data Base (NCDB).

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to collect data in France in @entity0 with @entity4 -induced @entity3 who required parenteral anticoagulation and for whom other non- @entity4 anticoagulant therapies were contraindicated including @entity0 with @entity1 , cross-reactivity to danaparoid or at high hemorrhagic risk. METHODS: A total of 20 @entity0 , of mean age 72        10  years, were enrolled in this open-label, multicenter clinical study. Exploratory statistical data analysis was performed with descriptive interpretation of intra-individual comparisons using simple univariate statistics. RESULTS: The diagnosis of HIT was confirmed in 16 subjects by an independent scientific committee. Fourteen @entity0 (70  %) were in an intensive care unit during the course of the study. @entity0 were treated with @entity5 for a mean duration of 8.5        6.1  days. The mean starting dose of @entity5 was 0.77        0.45   g/kg/min. Platelet recovery was rapid. aPTT and anti-IIa activity assays were used to monitor the dose of @entity5 . The mean baseline aPTT value was 45.0        9.8  sec and increased to 78.2        35.8  sec two hours after initiating @entity5 . At this time mean @entity5 concentration was 0.34        0.16 and 0.61        0.28   g/ml using ECT and TT measurements, respectively. New and/or extended @entity2 were reported in 25  % of @entity0 and major bleedings were documented in 15  %. Six @entity0 died due to their underlying medical condition. CONCLUSION: Considering its hepatic elimination and its short half-life, @entity5 can be considered as a safe therapeutic option in HIT @entity0 at high hemorrhagic risk and with @entity1 , particularly in an ICU setting.

title: XXXX in the management of @entity4 -induced @entity3 : a multicenter clinical trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) are @entity6 with @entity8 formation accompanied by @entity1 . These conditions are considered to be life-threatening illnesses. Understanding the clinical presentation, risk factors, treatment options and results will be advantageous for physicians in the management of @entity0 in the future. The aim of the present study was to review and analyze the clinical manifestations, drug implications, treatment and outcome of @entity0 with @entity9 and/or @entity2 who had been hospitalized in a tertiary care center. All hospitalized @entity0 with @entity9 and/or @entity2 during a 5-year period were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical severity was graded according to the score of @entity2 (SCORTEN) scale. Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, possible precipitating factors, management and outcome data were collected for analysis. A total of 43 @entity0 (mean age, 49.5 years) were hospitalized and classified into the @entity9 group (55.8%), @entity9 / @entity2 overlap group (20.9%) and @entity2 group (23.3%). The majority of the @entity0 (90.7%) had @entity3 associated with oral drug administration. @entity4 , anticonvulsants and antibiotics were the most common causative agents for the @entity3 . Twenty-eight @entity0 (65.1%) were treated with @entity7 . The mortality rate was 6.9%. Comparison between the survival group and the non-survival group revealed that @entity0 age >70 years (P=0.014) and body surface area involvement >20% (P<0.01) were the significant factors associated with mortality. The use of systemic @entity5 was higher in the survival group in comparison with the non-survival group (65.1 vs. 0%, respectively; P=0.014). The @entity3 in @entity9 and @entity2 are mostly caused by medication. With early recognition and treatment, the mortality rate in this study was lower than that in previous reports. @entity0 age and the area of mucocutaneous involvement were significant factors associated with mortality.

title: Clinical characteristics and treatment outcome of @entity9 and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Interleukin-1beta ( @entity3 ) is a central component in innate immunity and the inflammatory response of mammals. Only recently, the first non- @entity0 @entity3 sequences were published. In this study, we describe a second @entity3 sequence (IL-1beta2) in @entity4 with 74% @entity1 identity to the @entity4 IL-1beta1 sequence. The existence of two @entity3 copies in the @entity4 genome probably originates from the tetraploid nature of the species. In contrast to the first @entity4 @entity3 sequence, IL-1beta2 is represented by multiple genes with 95-99% identity. Detection of several IL-1beta2 sequences within individual homozygous fish suggests the presence of multiple copies of the IL-1beta2 gene in the @entity4 genome, possibly as a result of subsequent gene duplication of IL-1beta2. In vivo, constitutive mRNA expression of both @entity3 genes was found in healthy @entity4 . IL-1beta2 mRNA expression could be up-regulated in head kidney cells similar to @entity4 IL-1beta1, in vivo by infection with Trypanoplasma borreli and in vitro by stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). @entity2 , the major glucocorticoid in fish, is an endocrine-derived fator mediating @entity3 expression. Although constitutive @entity3 expression was inhibited by a physiological dose of @entity2 , @entity2 synergistically enhanced LPS-induced @entity3 expression in @entity4 . Involvement of the transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in expression of IL-1beta1 and IL-1beta2 was demonstrated. Ratio of @entity3 expression was determined and this showed IL-1beta1 mRNA expression to be at least tenfold higher compared with IL-1beta2. The possibilities of IL-1beta2 being a functional gene or approaching pseudogene status are discussed.

title: Differential expression and haplotypic variation of two interleukin-1beta genes in the @entity4 ( XXXX L.).

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4 negative @entity1 ( @entity1 ) include @entity8 ( @entity8 ), @entity9 ( @entity9 ) and @entity7 ( @entity7 ). the @entity5 @entity6 mutation has been introduced since 2008 as a major diagnostic criterion on the one hand and on the other hand, it would be linked to increased risk of @entity3 . AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the association of @entity5 mutation and @entity3 events in @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective study concerning 45 @entity4 negative @entity1 @entity0 (mean age=53 old years, sex ratio=0.8) was conducted. RESULTS: They were classified as @entity8 (22 @entity0 ), @entity9 (17 @entity0 ), @entity7 (3 @entity0 ) and atypical @entity1 (3 @entity0 ). The @entity5 mutation was found in 64.4% of @entity0 : 72.7% of @entity8 @entity0 , 47% of @entity9 @entity0 and 66.7% of @entity7 @entity0 . @entity3 events were recorded in 11 @entity0 (24.4%). Cerebral arteries and portal vein were the most frequent localizations. The @entity5 mutation was an independent risk factor of @entity3 events. CONCLUSION: Consequently, it seems that screening for @entity5 mutation in @entity4 negative @entity1 could play a role in identifying @entity0 at high risk of @entity2 .

title: The XXXX mutation in @entity1 : A predictive factor of @entity3 .

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: During the last years, there has been a growing interest in self-compassion. Empirical evidences show that self-compassion is associated with @entity3 among young adults and it might be considered a buffer factor in several @entity1 . AIMS: The aim of this study was to validate the psychometric properties of the Self-compassion Scale ( @entity6 : Neff, 2003a) after the initial lack of replicating the original six-factor structure. METHOD: Data were collected from the overall database of a research centre (56 @entity0 and 305 @entity0 ; mean age   =   25.19) and comprised four groups: @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity4 and general population. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis supported a two-factor model (self-compassionate attitude versus self-critical attitude) with good internal consistencies, construct-related validity and external validity. Configural, weak measurement and structural invariance of the two-factor model of @entity6 were also shown. CONCLUSIONS: Findings support the generalizability of the two-factor model and show that both properties and interpretations of scores on self-compassion are equivalent across these population groups. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd. KEY PRACTITIONER MESSAGE: A two-factor structure of @entity6 with strong psychometric validity was supported in clinical and non-clinical samples. Helping individuals with limited experiences of compassion to develop positive internal processing systems seems to be related with better mental health, self-acceptance and self-nurturing abilities. The non-probabilistic sampling limits the generalization of our conclusions.

title: Validation of the Psychometric Properties of the Self-Compassion Scale. Testing the Factorial Validity and Factorial Invariance of the Measure among Borderline Personality Disorder, XXXX , @entity4 and General Populations.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 -reperfusion (I/R) is accompanied by liver @entity4 and @entity3 formation. This could be caused by an increase in sinusoidal pressure, a determinant of hepatic transvascular fluid movement. We determined the role of sinusoidal pressure, assessed by triple vascular occlusion pressure (P(to)), in the I/R injury in isolated @entity0 livers perfused with leukocyte-free diluted blood bivascularly via the portal vein and hepatic artery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 was induced at room temperature by occlusion of either the inflow lines of the hepatic artery and portal vein (the open outflow group, n = 10) or both the inflow and the outflow (hepatic venous) lines (the closed outflow group, n = 10) for 1 h, followed by 1-h reperfusion in a recirculating manner. RESULTS: Liver weight in both groups increased biphasically after reperfusion; the initial peak occurred at 3 min and the second peak at 60 min. Immediately after reperfusion, P(to) peaked, followed by a gradual decline. The initial weight increase in groups combined was significantly and positively correlated with an increase in P(to) (r = 0.716, P = 0.0002), but the second peak was independent of P(to). @entity2 , assessed by perfusate levels of hepatic enzymes and reduced bile flow rate, was observed at 60 min after reperfusion in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that increased sinusoidal pressure contributes to only the early liver @entity4 after reperfusion in isolated perfused @entity0 livers. The late @entity4 may be presumably due to @entity2 .

title: Increased sinusoidal pressure is associated with early liver @entity4 in XXXX -reperfusion injury in isolated perfused @entity0 liver.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Apoptosis and autophagy are two patterns of programmed cell death which play important roles in the @entity2 . Oxidative stress is an important factor for the induction of programmed cell death. However, the cellular reactions linking autophagy to apoptosis of disc cells under oxidative stress have never been described. This study investigated the responses of autophagy and apoptosis and their interactions in the nucleus pulposus cells (NP cells) under oxidative stress, with the aim to better understand the mechanism of @entity2 . METHODS: NP cells isolated from @entity0 lumbar discs were subjected to different concentrations of @entity1 for various time periods. Cell viability was determined by CCK-8 assay, and their apoptosis and autophagy responses were evaluated by fluorescent analysis, flow cytometry and western blotting, et al. The interactions of autophagy and apoptosis and the possible signaling pathways were also investigated by using autophagy modulators. RESULTS: @entity1 increased the lysosomal membrane permeability in the NP cells and induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway subsequently. Meanwhile, @entity1 stimulated an early autophagy response through the @entity3 /m-TOR signaling pathway. Autophagy inhibition significantly decreased the apoptosis incidence in the cells insulted by @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These results suggested that controlling the autophagy response in the NP cells under oxidative stress should be beneficial for the survival of the cells and probably delay the process of @entity2 .    2014 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: The responses of autophagy and apoptosis to oxidative stress in nucleus pulposus cells: implications for XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 is a common disorder, affecting approximately 1 out of every 100 @entity0 , with a typical onset during adolescence and early adulthood. The personal and societal costs of @entity1 are extremely high. Prevention of @entity1 , would offer substantial benefits to @entity0 , their family members, and the community at large. The prodromal phase of @entity1 has been recognized since the 19th century. At-risk individuals for @entity2 and @entity1 are the subjects who can provide information for intervention prior to development of @entity2 . This approach is currently being investigated. The question remains, however, whether it can be a diagnostic category by itself. The proposal for including the @entity3 is one of the recommendations by the working group on @entity1 and @entity4 for the forthcoming DSM-V. There are differing views in academia regarding this proposal. Prior to becoming fully @entity2 , a consistent literature demonstrates that @entity0 generally had suffered from accelerating attenuated symptoms and distress. It is important that the prodromal phase be accurately recognized in order to accomplish the goal of prevention. We can then purposefully engage in early intervention aiming toward prevention. A recent strong resurgent interest in this area stems largely from two developments: First, the identification of the neurobiological deficit processes associated with the severity and chronicity of @entity1 , and second, the development of reliable criteria for diagnosis. Although the general at-risk construct appears to offer great potential to advance both the treatment and research dealing with @entity2 , it seems premature to many researchers to include the syndrome as an established entity in the text of the new DSM-V. It would be far more appropriate to include this proposed syndrome in the appendix and evaluate the many contemporary issues in future studies. The main issues involved in this discussion are the clinical validity of the syndrome, concern about stigma and unnecessary treatment, and need for responding to @entity0 ' distress in addition to the ethical dilemma. In this review we examine the issue of inclusion of the @entity3 as a diagnosis.

title: "Attenuated @entity2 " as a XXXX of @entity2 , diagnosis in DSM-V: The debate.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) is effective in @entity0 with @entity3 , but 30% to 50% of subjects are classified as nonresponders. Identifying responders remains a challenging task. AIMS: The LODO-CRT trial investigated the association between left ventricular contractile reserve (LVCR) and clinical and echocardiographic long-term CRT response. METHODS: This is a multicenter, prospective, observational study. Left ventricular contractile reserve was detected using a @entity2 stress echocardiography test, defined as an ejection fraction increase of >5 points. Clinical CRT response was defined as the absence of major @entity1 (ie, @entity1 or @entity3 hospitalization). Echocardiographic response was defined as a left ventricle end-systolic volume reduction of >10%. RESULTS: A total of 221 CRT-indicated @entity0 were studied (80% presented LVCR). During a mean follow-up of 15    5 months, 17 @entity0 died and 16 were hospitalized due to @entity3 . The proportion of clinical responders was 155 (88%) of 177 and 33 (75%) of 44 (P = .036) in the groups with and without LVCR, respectively. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed a significant difference in cardiac survival/hospitalization between @entity0 with and without LVCR. The proportion of echocardiographic responders was 144 (87%) of 166 and 16 (42%) of 38 in the groups with and without LVCR (P < .001), respectively; LVCR showed 90% sensitivity and 87% positive predictive value to prefigure echocardiographic CRT responders. Multivariable analysis identified LVCR and @entity4 as independent predictors of CRT response. The concomitant presence of both factors showed 99% specificity and 83% sensitivity in detecting responders. CONCLUSION: The presence of LVCR helps in predicting a clinical and echocardiographic CRT response. Concomitant assessment of LVCR and @entity4 accurately stratifies responder and nonresponder @entity0 .

title: Low-dose @entity2 test associated with @entity4 : a useful tool to identify cardiac resynchronization therapy responders: data from the LOw dose XXXX stress-echo test in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy (LODO-CRT) phase 2 study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: During the last 20 years, several procedures have been introduced that effectively control @entity1 . Nevertheless, little has been written regarding surgical management of @entity0 with recurrent @entity3 following a failed antireflux procedure. The purpose of this study was to review the results of all operations for recurrent @entity3 . Fifty-five @entity0 had undergone a total of 61 previous operations for reflux (initial operation: Hill, nine; Nissen, 30; Allison, eight; Thal, patch three; Belsey, 10; other, one). Eleven @entity0 underwent a Hill procedure (indications: intractable "gas-bloat" syndrome, 4 @entity0 , @entity3 , 7 @entity0 ). Two developed recurrent @entity3 (18%). Seventy-eight per cent had satisfactory results (mean follow-up 24 months), and there were no deaths. Three individuals had a transabdominal fundoplication. One @entity0 was lost to follow-up while the other two had satisfactory results (follow-up, 1 and 6 years). Twenty-nine @entity0 were subjected to a transthoracic fundoplication, with two deaths (seven per cent). One @entity0 (four per cent) was lost to follow-up at 9 months; mean follow-up was 44 months). Eighty-six per cent had satisfactory results. The sole poor result occurred in a @entity2 @entity0 who ultimately required colon interposition. Twelve @entity0 underwent a Thal-Nissen procedure. One @entity0 was lost to follow-up (eight per cent), while another with @entity2 had an unsatisfactory result (eight per cent); 83% had satisfactory results. The mean follow-up was 70 months. There were no deaths. Overall, 80% of @entity0 subjected to reoperation had satisfactory results. Mortality was four per cent. Reoperations for @entity1 constitute an effective means of controlling recurrent @entity3 and compare favorably with primary operations in both mortality and success rate.

title: Reoperations for XXXX following failed antireflux procedures.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Interdigestive @entity2 has a regulatory function on the microflora of the upper small bowel. Here we investigate the effects of @entity7 and @entity4 on @entity1 -induced @entity5 , the accompanying @entity6 and bacterial translocation. METHODS: @entity0 were fitted with jejunal myoelectrodes and a subcutaneous cannula for continuous infusion of saline or @entity1 . Fasting motility was measured for 6 h on four occasions: one control measurement (day 0) and three measurements on consecutive days (days 1-3) while receiving saline alone (group A), @entity1 alone (group B), saline + @entity7 (group C), @entity1 + @entity7 (group D), saline + @entity4 (group E) or @entity1 + @entity4 (group F). Samples from the @entity3 ( @entity3 ), liver, spleen, duodenum and ileum were taken for quantitative microbial culturing on day 4. RESULTS: Neither @entity7 nor @entity4 increased the number of propagated activity fronts during saline infusion. During @entity1 -induced @entity5 , @entity7 induced more propagated activity fronts in group D (13.4, 9.8 and 8.8 per 6 h) than in group B (7.0, 4.5, 3.8 per 6 h) on days 1, 2 and 3 (P < 0.05 for all days) @entity4 did not induce more propagated activity fronts. Disruption of @entity2 by @entity1 led to @entity6 in the duodenum. @entity7 and @entity4 did not reduce the bacterial growth levels. The total incidence of bacterial translocation was significantly higher in the @entity1 -treated animals than in the saline-treated animals. Neither @entity7 nor @entity4 reduced the bacterial translocation incidence. The number of propagated activity fronts on day 3 and duodenal bacterial growth correlated significantly in groups A, E and F. CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 , but not @entity4 , reduced @entity1 induced @entity5 . Small bowel @entity6 and bacterial translocation were not prevented. Fasting @entity2 has a regulatory function on the intestinal microflora of the upper small bowel.

title: The effects of @entity7 and @entity4 on interdigestive @entity2 , XXXX and bacterial translocation in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: 20 @entity0 with @entity3 and a medical history of less than six hours were treated with immediate percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. The median time from start of symptoms until establishment of reperfusion of the @entity4 related artery was 190 minutes, and the time from admission to insertion of the balloon was 52 minutes. Angioplasty was successful in all @entity0 , with no serious complications. All @entity0 experienced @entity2 relief immediately after angioplasty. No @entity0 died or had further @entity4 . None needed hospitalization during the first three months of follow up. Eight @entity0 had an exercise test between five and seven days after angioplasty and the other 12 at their six-week check up; there were no signs of @entity1 or @entity2 . Measurement of global ejection fraction one week and six weeks after treatment showed median normal values and no significant changes (58% versus 57%). Myocardial perfusion imaging was carried out in eight @entity0 both before hospital discharge and six weeks later. Normalization and improvement was seen in six @entity0 using this method, whereas the perfusion was found unaltered in two @entity0 . Hibernation or stunning, or both are suggested as possible explanations for this. We found the method highly effective and safe in selected @entity0 .

title: [Angioplasty in XXXX ].

answer: @entity3


abstract: Considerable evidence exists that bacteria detect eukaryotic communication molecules and modify their virulence accordingly. In previous studies, it has been demonstrated that the increasingly antibiotic-resistant pathogen @entity3 can detect the @entity0 hormones @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity8 ( @entity8 ) at micromolar concentrations. In response, the bacterium modifies its behavior to adapt to the host physiology, increasing its overall virulence. The possibility of identifying the bacterial sensor for these hormones and interfering with this sensing mechanism offers an exciting opportunity to directly affect the @entity2 process. Here, we show that @entity5 and @entity8 strongly decrease @entity3 biofilm formation. @entity4 , an antagonist of @entity0 natriuretic peptide receptors (NPR), prevents this effect. Furthermore, the @entity0 @entity7 receptor agonist cANF(4-23) mimics the effects of natriuretic peptides on @entity3 , while sANP, the @entity6 receptor agonist, appears to be weakly active. We show in silico that @entity7 , a preferential @entity8 receptor, and the @entity3 protein AmiC have similar three-dimensional (3D) structures and that both @entity8 and @entity4 bind to AmiC. We demonstrate that @entity8 acts as an AmiC agonist, enhancing the expression of the ami operon in @entity3 . Binding of @entity8 and @entity7 agonists to AmiC was confirmed by microscale thermophoresis. Finally, using an amiC mutant strain, we demonstrated that AmiC is essential for @entity8 effects on biofilm formation. In conclusion, the AmiC bacterial sensor possesses structural and pharmacological profiles similar to those of the @entity0 @entity7 receptor and appears to be a bacterial receptor for @entity0 hormones that enables @entity3 to modulate biofilm expression. IMPORTANCE: The bacterium @entity3 is a highly dangerous opportunist pathogen for immunocompromised hosts, especially cystic @entity1 @entity0 . The sites of @entity3 @entity2 are varied, with predominance in the @entity0 lung, in which bacteria are in contact with host molecular messengers such as hormones. The @entity8 ( @entity8 ), a hormone produced by lung cells, has been described as a bacterial virulence enhancer. In this study, we showed that the @entity8 hormone counteracts @entity3 biofilm formation and we identified the bacterial protein AmiC as the sensor involved in the @entity8 effects. We showed that AmiC could bind specifically @entity8 . These results show for the first time that a @entity0 hormone could be sensed by bacteria through a specific protein, which is an ortholog of the @entity0 receptor @entity7 . The bacterium would be able to modify its lifestyle by favoring virulence factor production while reducing biofilm formation.

title: @entity3 Expresses a Functional XXXX Natriuretic Peptide Receptor Ortholog: Involvement in Biofilm Formation.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Nonmuscle invasive urothelial cell @entity3 is the most frequent @entity5 . The high recurrence rate (up to 80%) and risk of progression (up to 30%) reflect the need for long-term follow-up and sometimes multiple interventions. To reduce the rate of recurrences and @entity1 progression, intravesical immunotherapy, especially the use of Bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG), represents the gold standard adjuvant treatment of high-risk nonmuscle invasive @entity2 (NMIBC). This article reviews the role of BCG therapy and several promising new immunotherapeutic approaches such as mycobacterium phlei cell wall-nucleic acid complex, @entity4 ( @entity4 ) antibody, vaccine-based therapy, alpha-emitter therapy, and photodynamic therapy checkpoint inhibitors. METHODS: A systematic literature review was performed using the terms (immunotherapy, NMIBC, BCG, and intravesical) using PubMed and Cochrane databases. RESULTS: BCG represents the most common intravesical immunotherapeutic agent for the adjuvant treatment of high-risk NMIBC. Its use is associated with a significant reduction of recurrence and progression. @entity0 with NMIBC of intermediate and high-risk benefit the most from BCG therapy. To achieve maximal efficacy, an induction therapy followed by a maintenance schedule should be used. Full-dose BCG is recommended to obtain ideal antitumoral activity and there is no evidence of a reduction of side effects in @entity0 treated with a reduced dose. There are multiple new approaches and agents in immunotherapy with potential and promising antineoplastic effects. CONCLUSIONS: The beneficial effect of BCG is well documented and established. To reduce the @entity1 specific mortality, it is essential to follow guideline-based treatment. In @entity0 with BCG-failure, there are new promising alternatives other than BCG but BCG remains the gold standard at this stage.

title: Intravesical immunotherapy in nonmuscle invasive XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: RESULTS: A significant improvement of 60% in the IVRgroupfor the primary composite outcome was found (RR1.60, 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.00, p < 0.001). There was significant improvement in medication compliance (p < 0.001) and decrease in unplanned medical visits (p = 0.023). At one year, the majority of @entity0 (85%) responded positively to using the system again. Follow-up by IVR produced positive outcomes in @entity1 @entity0 . BACKGROUND: There is evidence from large clinical trials that compliance with standardized best practice guidelines (BPGs) improves survival of @entity1 ( @entity1 ) @entity0 . However, their application is often suboptimal. PURPOSE: In this study, the researchers evaluated whether the use of an interactive voice response (IVR) follow-up system improved @entity1 BPG compliance. METHOD: This was a single-centre randomized control trial (RCT) of 1,608 @entity0 (IVR=803; usual care=805). The IVR group received five automated calls in 12 months. The primary composite outcome was increased medication compliance and decreased adverse events.

title: Using interactive voice response to improve disease management and compliance with XXXX best practice guidelines: A randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity1


abstract: The bactericidal and phagocytic capacities of monocytes for @entity1 , @entity2 , @entity3 , and Listeria, and factors that influence these functions were evaluated and compared with those of the polymorphonuclear leukocytes of 30 normal @entity0 subjects. Monocytes killed a significantly smaller proportion of each of the bacterial species than did neutrophils from the same individuals. Whereas the neutrophils of all individuals demonstrated the ability to kill significant numbers of the four bacterial species, there was a marked variation in the effect of monocytes of different individuals on the growth curves of these same bacteria. When the bactericidal capacity of an individual's monocytes to more than one species of bacteria was examined in the same experiment, a significant difference in the effect of monocytes on the growth curve of one bacterial species as opposed to another was noted in 4 of 17 subjects. The bactericidal ability of monocytes of single individuals was consistent on different days in 9 of the 11 subjects whose monocytes were examined more than once against the same bacteria. Studies were performed to determine if the lesser bactericidal capability of monocytes was due to a difference in the ability of monocytes and neutrophils to phagocytize or to a difference in the ability of these cells to kill ingested bacteria or both. The results demonstrated that monocytes phagocytize bacteria significantly less well than neutrophils, but the intracellular killing capacity of both cell types is equal. Addition of @entity4 to cell suspensions completely inhibited intracellular killing by both monocytes and neutrophils, suggesting the possibility that the bactericidal mechanisms in both cell types might be similar. Monocyte killing of @entity1 , @entity3 , and Listeria, but not of @entity2 , was significantly diminished in heat-inactivated autologous serum. Neither increasing the concentration of autologous serum from 10% to 25% nor replacement of autologous serum with pooled human serum had any effect on monocyte killing of any of the four bacteria. These studies demonstrate that peripheral blood monocytes are less bactericidal for the four bacterial species than neutrophils, solely because monocytes are less phagocytic. A baseline for further study of factors that influence monocyte function and for study of this cell in selected @entity0 populations is provided.

title: Phagocytic and bacterial properties of normal XXXX monocytes.

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the influence of concomitant @entity2 ( @entity4 ) with adalimumab (ADA) on outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) using data from an observational study of ADA. METHODS: Data from a German noninterventional study of @entity0 with @entity3 starting treatment with ADA were analyzed retrospectively for effects of concomitant @entity4 on key outcomes, including Disease Activity Score-28 joints, tender and swollen joint counts, skin assessments, and safety. @entity0 were categorized into those with symptoms of axial involvement and those with no symptoms of axial involvement as judged by the examining clinician. RESULTS: A total of 1455 @entity0 met the study criteria, 296 with axial involvement (ADA monotherapy = 165; plus @entity4 = 131) and 1159 with no axial involvement (ADA monotherapy = 658; plus @entity4 = 501). ADA, alone or combined with @entity4 , resulted in strong and comparable reductions in disease activity measures in @entity0 with and those without @entity1 over 24 months of therapy. In multiple regression analyses, concomitant @entity4 did not affect joint or skin outcomes in either the group with axial manifestations or the group without @entity1 . Neither adverse event rates nor withdrawal rates were significantly influenced by concomitant @entity4 . CONCLUSION: ADA is an effective treatment option for @entity0 with @entity3 with or without axial involvement. Compared with ADA monotherapy, the use of concomitant @entity4 with ADA does not improve articular or skin outcomes in @entity0 with @entity3 regardless of axial symptoms. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01111240.

title: Does Concomitant @entity2 with Adalimumab Influence Treatment Outcomes in XXXX with @entity3 ? Data from a Large Observational Study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: The clinical outcome of @entity0 with @entity4 with @entity2 was analyzed. METHODS: Nine @entity0 (median age, 60 years) with primary @entity4 and distant @entity1 , including @entity2 , were treated. The median time to the development of @entity2 was 15 months after the initial visit. @entity0 with poor performance @entity3 or progressive disease were treated with interferon or conservative therapy alone. @entity0 with good performance @entity3 and other well-controlled metastatic foci were treated either with radiotherapy, or by tumorectomy of @entity2 , or both. The median follow-up was 26 months after the initial visit. RESULTS: The 1-year, cause-specific survival rate was 17%. Of the 5 @entity0 treated with alpha-interferon alone, all died of disease after the treatments, without improvement of performance @entity3 , 1 to 4 months after the diagnosis of @entity2 . Two of 4 @entity0 who underwent radiotherapy were treated with a combination of gamma-knife and tumorectomy of @entity2 . They remained alive 10 and 22 months after diagnosis of @entity2 . The 2 @entity0 who underwent the combination treatment of gamma-knife and tumorectomy showed improvement of their performance @entity3 after these treatments for @entity2 . CONCLUSION: Brain @entity1 is an unfavorable prognostic factor in @entity4 . Although a larger number of @entity0 would be necessary to demonstrate the definitive effects of gamma-knife treatment, our results suggest that the combination of gamma-knife and tumorectomy of brain metastases may be recommended for selected @entity0 with good performance @entity3 and other well-controlled metastatic foci.

title: Clinical study of XXXX with @entity2 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) transplantation proves successful in treating @entity1 and injury in many studies. However, their reparative capacity is limited by the poor homing ability in vivo, which is decided mainly by the local expression of chemoattractants. Our study explored the mechanical effects of @entity3 ( @entity3 ) on BMSCs homing ability in treated kidney tissues. METHODS: @entity2 were injected with red fluorescent protein (RFP)-labelled BMSCs and sonicated with microbubble-mediated ultrasound. Then, we tested kidney micro-environment changes induced and their influence on stem cell homing ability. RESULTS: The results showed that the mechanical effects of @entity3 would increase local and transient levels of chemoattractants (i.e. cytokines, integrins and growth factors) in targeted kidney tissues. Transmission electron microscopy showed that vascular endothelial cell was discontinuous in the @entity3 group post-treatment, becoming smooth 72  h later. Confocal laser scanning microscopy and RT-PCR showed up to eight times more stem cells in the peritubular regions of experimental kidneys on days 1 and 3 post-treatment compared with the contralateral kidney. CONCLUSIONS: These results confirmed that renal micro-environment changes caused by appropriate @entity3 may promote BMSC homing ability toward treated kidney tissues without @entity1 and cell damage. KEY POINTS:     This experiment showed a feasible strategy in promoting stem cell homing ability.     The treatment uses diagnostic ultrasound during enhancement with IV microbubbles.     A suitable micro-environment was important for targeted stem cell homing and retention.     The method is effective for stem cell homing to @entity1 .     More work is required with larger animals before potential @entity0 trials.

title: Effects of diagnostic ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction on the homing ability of bone marrow stromal cells to the XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The purpose of this study was to test the feasibility and usefulness of the International Classification of @entity6 , third edition, beta version (ICHD-3b), and compare the differences with the International Classification of @entity6 , second edition (ICHD-2). Consecutive first-visit @entity0 were recruited from 11 @entity1 clinics in Korea. @entity1 classification was performed in accordance with ICHD-3b. The characteristics of @entity1 were analyzed and the feasibility and usefulness of this version was assessed by the proportion of unclassified @entity6 compared with ICHD-2. A total of 1,627 @entity0 were enrolled (mean age, 47.4  14.7 yr; 62.8% female). Classification by ICHD-3b was achieved in 97.8% of @entity1 @entity0 , whereas 90.0% could be classified by ICHD-2. Primary @entity1 (n=1,429, 87.8%) were classified as follows: 697 @entity5 , 445 @entity4 , 22 @entity3 , and 265 other @entity7 . Secondary @entity1 or @entity1 /other facial @entity2 were diagnosed in 163 @entity0 (10.0%). Only 2.2% were not classified by ICHD-3b. The main reasons for missing classifications were insufficient information (1.6%) or absence of suitable classification (0.6%). The diagnoses differed from those using ICHD-2 in 243 @entity0 (14.9%). Among them, 165 @entity0 were newly classified from unclassified with ICHD-2 because of the relaxation of the previous strict criteria or the introduction of a new diagnostic category. ICHD-3b would yield a higher classification rate than its previous version, ICHD-2. ICHD-3b is applicable in clinical practice for first-visit @entity1 @entity0 of a referral hospital.

title: Comprehensive Application of the International Classification of XXXX Third Edition, Beta Version.

answer: @entity6


abstract: The rapid progress in molecular biology has allowed the identification of the genes involved in different functions of normal cells and has also improved our understanding of the mechanisms of @entity0 @entity3 . The @entity5 ) is a small double-stranded DNA tumor virus and its genes can manipulate cell cycle control to promote viral persistence and replication. The E6 and E7 proteins of high-risk HPV bind to cell cycle regulatory proteins and interfere with both G1/S and G2/M cell cycle checkpoints much more effectively than the low-risk HPV. The difference between the ability of low and high-risk HPV types to induce immortalization and transformation may well lie in their abilities to interact with the various cell cycle components, resulting in the loss of multiple cell cycle checkpoints, which are important in host genome fidelity, thus potentially resulting in accumulation of @entity2 . @entity1 is one of the leading @entity1 in @entity0 worldwide, with substantial morbidity and mortality. According to current concepts, HPV is recognized as the single most important causal agent in the pathogenesis of this @entity1 . @entity6 clearly precedes the development of @entity1 , while being regularly associated with @entity1 precursor lesions (all grades of @entity7 ). HPV-infected low-grade @entity7 ( @entity7 ) has three possible outcomes: a) it may regress; b) it can persist; or c) it can make a clinical progression to in situ or @entity4 . It has been well established by prospective cohort studies that the spontaneous regression rate increases in parallel with follow-up duration. In contrast, the clinical progression of lesions usually takes place quite rapidly, i.e. during the first two years from diagnosis. The mechanisms responsible for this divergent clinical behavior of HPV-associated @entity7 are largely unknown, but currently under intense study in different laboratories worldwide.

title: Regulation of cell cycles is of key importance in @entity5 )-associated cervical XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a frequent complication of @entity8 , but it can also occur as a primary @entity5 amid @entity4 . Extrahepatic @entity10 (EHPVO) refers to the obstruction of the extrahepatic portal vein with or without involvement of the intrahepatic portal vein branches, splenic and/or superior mesenteric vein. It is a distinct disorder that excludes @entity6 occurring in concurrence with @entity8 or @entity3 . The term "EHPVO" implies chronicity and is principally reserved for a long-standing condition characterized by cavernous transformation of the portal vein. The most characteristic imaging manifestation is the formation of portoportal collaterals (via the venous plexi of Petren and Saint) that allow hepatopetal flow. However, this collateral circulation is insufficient resulting in clinically significant pre-hepatic portal @entity1 , wherein the liver function and structure remain preserved until late. Although the long-term (more than 10   years) survival with controlled variceal bleeding is up to 100%, affected individuals have an impaired quality of life owing to portal cavernoma cholangiopathy, @entity9 , @entity2 and @entity7 . Imaging diagnosis is not always straightforward as the collaterals can also present as a @entity0 -like solid mass that can be inadvertently biopsied. Moreover, EHPVO has its implications for the biliary tree, arterial circulation, liver/splenic volumes and stiffness, which merit proper understanding but have not been so well described in literature. In this review, we present the complete spectrum of the vascular, biliary and visceral changes with a particular emphasis on what our medical/surgical hepatology colleagues need to know from us in the pre-operative and post-operative settings.

title: Multimodality imaging of primary extrahepatic XXXX (EHPVO): what every radiologist should know.

answer: @entity10


abstract: @entity3 ( @entity3 ) is a common disorder with numerous potential sequelae. Although the majority of these consequences can be reduced with appropriate treatment, only limited data exist regarding the natural @entity4 in untreated individuals. We hereby report a long-term follow-up of all untreated @entity0 (n = 40) followed-up in the Technion Sleep Clinic, using both subjective and objective measurements. In addition, we report a long-term follow-up of 11 @entity0 who attempted dietary @entity7 . The average time interval between the first and second polysomnographies for the untreated group was 5.0 +/- 2.8 yrs, and 2.5 +/- 2.3 yrs for the weight reduction group. There was no significant change in Body Mass Index (BMI) or @entity8 ( @entity8 ) between the two Polysomnographic (PSG) evaluations in the untreated @entity0 . However, eight @entity0 developed @entity5 (n=5) or @entity6 ( @entity6 ) (n=3) between the two evaluations. @entity8 , age and BMI at the time ofthe initial evaluation were not predictive of changes in @entity8 , snoring intensity or minimal @entity2 saturation. However, the @entity0 who developed @entity5 / @entity6 had significantly higher @entity8 than the @entity0 who did not (46 +/- 27 vs. 23 +/- 17 h(-1), P < 0.005). In the weight-loss group, BMI decreased by a mean of 3.1 kg m(-2), and @entity8 decreased by 20events h(-1), P<0.05 for both. There was a significant correlation between the @entity7 and improvement in @entity8 (R = 0.75, P = 0.005). We conclude that in @entity3 @entity0 @entity8 does not necessarily increase over time, but associated @entity5 or @entity6 may develop. When @entity7 is successfully achieved, @entity1 significantly improves with a high correlation between the extent of @entity7 and the improvement in apnoea status.

title: Long-term follow-up of untreated XXXX with @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The postprandial situation is a pro-inflammatory condition most likely linked to the development of @entity3 . We evaluated the relationship between apolipoprotein (apo) B48 and fasting and postprandial leukocyte activation markers. METHODS: Leukocyte activation markers and apo B48 were determined in 80 subjects with and without @entity2 ( @entity2 ). Twelve healthy subjects underwent an oral fat loading test (up to 8  h). RESULTS: Fasting apo B48 was significantly higher in @entity0 with @entity2 (n  =  47, 8.1      5.2  mg/L) than in subjects without @entity2 (n  =  33, 5.9      3.9  mg/L, p  =  0.022). Fasting apo B48 and @entity4 correlated positively with fasting monocyte @entity6 and neutrophil @entity5 expression. Plasma apo B48 and leukocyte activation markers increased after an oral fat load. No correlations were found between fasting or postprandial @entity4 and postprandial leukocyte activation markers. We observed no correlations between postprandial apo B48 and postprandial neutrophil @entity6 or @entity5 expression. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that chylomicron remnants may be responsible for postprandial leukocyte activation in the circulation. The postprandial chylomicron response may be a stronger mediator of postprandial @entity1 than postprandial triglyceridemia.

title: In  vivo evidence for chylomicrons as mediators of postprandial XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Slight differences in the results of papers describing lymphocyte subsets distribution in the peripheral blood of healthy @entity0 may be explained by differences in monoclonal antibody clones and sources, breed and age of animals examined, methods of sample treatment, or methods of result analysis. In this paper, we described the effect of sample processing and of sample storage as well as the effect of age, breed, and gender of @entity0 on lymphocyte subset distribution. No significant differences were found between samples processed following a whole-blood lysis method and samples processed after density gradient separation. Furthermore, no significant differences were found between samples processed within 2h after collection and those stored at 4 degrees C for 12-16 h before processing. Age-related changes were evident in lymphocyte subset distribution in the peripheral blood of 38 Beagles divided according to their age into the six groups: (1) 5-6 days; (2) 2 months; (3) 6 months; (4) 1-2 years; (5) 3-5 years; and (6) >5 years. The percentage of B-lymphocytes (CD21-like positive cells) in the peripheral blood of newborn pups was 39.5+/-5.7 and decreased with advancing age. The percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes was 7.7+/-3.4 after birth and increased with advancing age. No age-related changes were observed in the percentages of @entity1 + lymphocytes. The @entity1 +:CD8+ ratio decreased with advancing age. No significant age-related change was observed for lymphocytes bearing the gammadelta-TCR. Some breed differences were evident. Adult (1-5-year-old) Beagles, German Shepherds, Dalmatians, and Dachshunds were examined. The percentages of lymphocytes were higher in Beagles and Dachshunds than in Dalmatians and German Shepherds. The highest and the lowest absolute lymphocyte counts were found in Beagles and German Shepherds, respectively. As a consequence, German Shepherds showed the lowest absolute counts of the individual lymphocyte subpopulations and the widest neutrophil:lymphocyte ratio. Dalmatians showed the lowest percentage of CD3+ cells, the highest percentage of CD21+ cells, and the lowest @entity1 +:CD8+ ratio. German Shepherds showed the lowest percentage of CD21+ cells and the highest @entity1 +:CD8+ ratio. Females in Beagles and Dachshuns had nonsignificantly higher percentages of total lymphocytes, CD3+, @entity1 +, and nonsignificantly lower percentages of CD21+ lymphocytes. We concluded that there are age-, breed-, and perhaps also gender-related differences in lymphocyte subset distribution in the peripheral blood of @entity0 . Therefore, there is need to use appropriate control group in the experimental protocols. Among-breed differences could explain, at least partly, breed predisposition for some diseases.

title: Lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of XXXX --a flow cytometric study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: AIMS: Loss of cardiac muscle by programmed cell @entity2 contributes to the progression of @entity8 . @entity6 , metabolite waste buildup and energy depletion are components of @entity1 which may initiate caspase dependent and independent cell @entity2 pathways. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that combined @entity6 with @entity7 , a hallmark of @entity1 promotes @entity4 with increasing severity as the pH declines. @entity6 - @entity7 was demonstrated to activate the pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein @entity9 which initiated opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and cell @entity2 in the absence of caspase activation. Because calpains are known to contribute to @entity1 @entity3 in some models, we hypothesized that they are intermediates in the @entity9 -mediated @entity2 caused by @entity6 - @entity7 . MAIN METHODS: Neonatal @entity0 cardiac myocytes were subjected to @entity6 with and without @entity7 and the contribution of calpains to @entity6 - @entity7 cell @entity2 determined. KEY FINDINGS: Here we report that the @entity2 pathway activated by @entity6 - @entity7 is driven by a combination of @entity5 -activated calpains and pro- @entity2 factors (DNases) secreted by the mitochondria. Cytochrome c accumulated in the cytoplasm during @entity6 - @entity7 but caspase activity was repressed through a calpain-dependent process that prevents the cleavage of procaspase 3. Calpain inhibitors provide vigorous protection against @entity6 - @entity7 -induced programmed @entity2 . Knockdown of @entity9 with siRNA prevented calpain activation confirming a central role of @entity9 in this pathway. SIGNIFICANCE: The results implicate @entity9 and calpain as dependent components of @entity2 caused by @entity6 - @entity7 .

title: XXXX promotes @entity5 and @entity2 .

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous morphology and diffusion-imaging studies have suggested that structural changes in white matter is an important part of the pathophysiology of @entity3 ( @entity3 ). However, different methodological approaches and the heterogeneity of @entity0 samples question the validity of the findings. Materials and methods In total, 30 @entity0 were matched for age and sex with 30 healthy controls. All @entity0 underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging, diffusion tensor imaging and T2 fluid-attenuated inversion recovery. Voxel-based morphometry and tract-based spatial statistics were used to compare white matter volumes and diffusion tensor imaging between groups. These data were analysed correcting for the effects of multiple comparisons, age, sex, severity and duration of illness as nuisance covariates. @entity1 were manually identified. RESULTS: Increase in fractional anisotropy in cerebellum was the most prominent result. A decrease in fractional anisotrophy in @entity0 comparable with previous studies was located in forceps minor. There were no differences in the white matter morphology or in the @entity1 between @entity0 and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Decrease in fractional anisotrophy in forceps minor and increase in cerebellum were found, and they were not due to neither @entity1 nor morphology of the white matter. @entity2 could be an important part of @entity3 pathophysiology.

title: Increased fractional anisotropy in cerebellum in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: In @entity0 , mating pheromones induce @entity1 through the activation of two MAP kinases, Fus3 and @entity2 . Here we report the isolation of three mutants, far4, far5, and far6, that have the novel phenotype of regulating both the activity of Fus3 and @entity2 and the accumulation of glycogen. A far4 mutation constitutively activates Fus3 and @entity2 , reduces glycogen, and blocks @entity1 in the presence of alpha factor. In contrast, far5 and far6 mutations increase glycogen and reduce activation of Fus3 and @entity2 by @entity3 . far4, far5, and far6 are recessive and not allelic to @entity6 , @entity7 , or 14 genes known to regulate the pheromone response. Non-allelic noncomplementation occurs between far6 and both far4 and far5, suggesting that FAR6 functionally interacts with FAR4 and FAR5. Additional observations suggest that FAR4 has functional overlap with @entity7 , which we also find to regulate glycogen accumulation. Our results suggest that the activation of the mating MAPK cascade and subsequent @entity1 is influenced by a signal transduction pathway that regulates glycogen. In support of this possibility, we find that Fus3 is activated to a greater extent in a "wimp" strain with defective protein kinase A. Finally, @entity5 and @entity4 have been identified as CEN suppressors of far5, suggesting that the microtubule apparatus may regulate the ability of the pheromone response pathway to promote @entity1 .

title: far4, far5, and far6 define three genes required for efficient activation of MAPKs Fus3 and XXXX and accumulation of glycogen.

answer: @entity2


abstract: A @entity1 model was developed to investigate the efficacy of percutaneous venous catheters with anti-microbial coatings. The catheters used in the study consisted of @entity0 -coated and uncoated catheters, both designed for percutaneous venous access. Five commercial @entity1 were each implanted with three venous catheters and followed for a period of 90 days. Two of the three catheters were coated and one was uncoated. To evaluate the percutaneous aspects of the catheters in the model, two venous access catheters were implanted percutaneously, parallel to the dorsal midline. These catheters were just caudal to the region that is dorsal to the scapula in each animal. In each case, the catheter to the left of the dorsal midline was @entity0 -coated while the catheter to the right of the dorsal midline was uncoated. A @entity0 -coated catheter was also implanted in the left external jugular vein of each animal and buried subcutaneously in order to evaluate the elution of the coating through the body under venous contact. Over the 90 day period, the concentration of @entity0 in the blood rose to a mean peak level of 23.2 ppb following implantation of the catheters and then decreased after the second post-surgery week. The histological evaluation and macroscopic inspection at necropsy revealed minimal tissue response to both coated and uncoated materials. Data on bacterial growth indicated that bacteria were present at the terminal subcutaneous end of two of the uncoated percutaneous catheters. Based upon serum @entity0 levels, exudate formation, histological examination, and bacterial growth information, the @entity1 model was deemed to be suitable for testing the efficacy of catheters containing anti-microbial coatings.

title: A XXXX model for the evaluation of efficacy of anti-microbial catheter coatings.

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: In 2002 the American Joint Committee on Cancer revised the TNM staging system, introducing subclassification for T1 @entity0 , and @entity1 in categories T3a and T3b, respectively. Since @entity2 represents the most common site of extrarenal extension, the relationship between size, and @entity2 and its effect on the T classification was examined in prospective fashion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 175 @entity3 were examined in prospective fashion with careful evaluation for @entity2 . A minimum of 5 @entity2 interface were examined. @entity0 were staged using the 2002 TNM formulation. RESULTS: The distribution of @entity0 types was @entity3 (CC) in 120 cases, @entity3 in 30, @entity3 in 13. T classifications correlated with @entity0 type. Only 3 of 30 @entity3 (10%) and 2 of 9 chromophobe @entity3 (16.6%) demonstrated extrarenal extension compared with 59 of 120 CCs (49%) (p <0.01). @entity2 occurred more often than capsule invasion (49% vs 20%, p <0.01). No @entity0 invaded the capsule that did not also invade the sinus. Compared with 1.1 to 4 cm CCs, of which 85% were renal limited, only 32% of CCs that were 4.1 to 7 cm (p <0.01) and 3% of those larger than 7 cm were renal limited, that is T1b and T2, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of @entity2 increases sharply after @entity0 exceed 4 cm. T1b CC is uncommon and T2 CC is rare if careful evaluation for sinus invasion is performed.

title: T2 XXXX is a rare entity: a study of 120 @entity3 .

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The incidence of early deep @entity2 after arthroplasty of the knee is very low but could represent a serious future problem. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The authors report on a 71-year-old @entity0 with gonarthritis who was supplied with a total knee endoprosthesis and developed a @entity2 followed by @entity3 . RESULTS: The @entity2 was evidently caused by a multiresistant @entity5 (Staph. aureus). The primary clinical signs closely resembled a necrotizing @entity7 . Systemic and local application of @entity6 led to an improvement of the symptoms at secondary sites, but only the amputation of the primarily infected leg was lifesaving. CONCLUSION: In order to prevent such events, the authors recommend a number of additional presurgical measures. Firstly, a swab from the nose and throat should be taken prior to an elective surgery in @entity0 with elevated risk of @entity4 , for example in @entity0 with @entity1 . The @entity1 should be adequately treated before an elective operation is undertaken. Secondly, an early punction of the knee joint should be carried out if there is any doubt regarding inflammation. Isolated infectious agents should be grounds for early revision, which should always be completed with a rinsing procedure and with adequate antibiotics. Immunotherapy should be taken into consideration. Antiepidemic measures are recommended in cases with known Staph. aureus.

title: Overwhelming XXXX with a multi-resistant @entity5 ( @entity5 ) after total knee replacement.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The objective of this study was to provide further insights into the prognostic role of female sex in @entity4 . The prognostic effect of sex in a population-based case series of 3900 @entity4 in central Italy has been evaluated considering the possible confounding role of many demographic and clinical variables (age, period of diagnosis, @entity2 , Clark level, ulceration, lymph node status, @entity1 , histological type, skin site, and pathological T and N). Multiple imputations, according to chained equations, have been used for imputing incomplete values. A Cox proportional hazards model on the risk of @entity3 caused by @entity4 was fitted. Univariate and multivariate effects of sex and of other variables were computed. The 5-year cause-specific survival was 87% (95% confidence interval: 86-89%) for @entity0 and 80% (78-82%) for @entity0 . @entity0 had higher rates at any time since diagnosis. After adjustment for other confounders, @entity0 had a 34% reduced risk compared with @entity0 of dying from @entity4 (hazard ratio=0.66, 95% confidence interval: 0.56-0.79). The present study confirmed a strong protective effect of female sex on @entity4 mortality. The protective factor is still unknown.

title: XXXX survival: sex does matter, but we do not know how.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND Advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) are acknowledged as a novel marker of oxidation-mediated protein damage. This study aimed to investigate the plasma levels of AOPPs in postmenopausal osteoporotic @entity0 , and to determine the relationship between AOPPs accumulation and lumbar @entity1 ( @entity1 ) or bone turnover markers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Lumbar @entity1 was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Plasma AOPPs levels as a marker of protein oxidation damage and @entity3 ( @entity4 ) levels as a marker of lipid peroxidation were measured by spectrophotometry. The concentrations of 2 specific markers of bone turnover, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and @entity5 -resistant acid phosphatase5b, (TRACP 5b) were quantified using ELISA kits. RESULTS We recruited 60 postmenopausal @entity0 meeting @entity2 ( @entity2 ) diagnostic criteria of World Health Organization (WHO) and 60 postmenopausal @entity0 without @entity2 . Plasma levels of AOPPs (P<0.001), BALP (P<0.001) and TRACP 5b (P<0.001) were statistically significantly increased in the postmenopausal osteoporotic @entity0 compared with controls, but there was no statistically significant difference in @entity4 (P=0.124) between the 2 groups. Plasma AOPPs levels were negatively correlated with lumbar @entity1 and positively correlated with bone turnover markers both in postmenopausal osteoporotic @entity0 and in all subjects. However, plasma @entity4 levels were not correlated with lumbar @entity1 or bone turnover markers. CONCLUSIONS In postmenopausal osteoporotic @entity0 elevated AOPPs is associated with reduced @entity1 and @entity1 markers. Because AOPPs is stable and easy to detect it may be used as a simple plasma marker to predict the severity of postmenopausal @entity2 .

title: Advanced Oxidation Protein Products as a Novel Marker of Oxidative Stress in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: @entity4 is associated with @entity3 , predisposing to the development of @entity2 . In 2014, The Medicines and Healthcare Regulatory Agency (MHRA) recommended restricting its use. We assessed whether these recommendations have been implemented in a general practice. STUDY DESIGN: We conducted a prospective study using the general practitioner (GP) computer database on @entity0 who had at least one repeat prescription for @entity4 in 12   months. Data were presented to the doctors and the survey was repeated 7   months later. RESULTS: Sixty-four @entity0 (mean age 61.3  16.4   years) were identified who had received at least one repeat prescription of @entity4 . Twenty @entity0 were being prescribed over the recommended daily dose. Nineteen @entity0 were coprescribed medications known to prolong the QTc interval and two CYP3A4 inhibitors. The repeat survey performed 7   months later demonstrated a 70% reduction in the number of @entity0 prescribed @entity4 to a total of 19 (three @entity0 prescribed above the recommended dose) none of which had a history of @entity1 or were being coprescribed drugs known to prolong the QTc interval. CONCLUSIONS: Following the publication of the MHRA recommendations and presentation of our initial survey, there has been a significant reduction in the number of @entity0 treated with @entity4 and those coprescribed drugs known to prolong the QTc interval. We suggest that regular review of GP practice database should be performed to identify those @entity0 prescribed @entity4 and at risk of life-threatening @entity2 and measures taken to use alternative pharmacological agents.

title: Survey of the use of @entity4 and the association with XXXX in general practice.

answer: @entity3


abstract: PURPOSE: To review trends in the use of postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) in the modern era for N0-N1 margin-negative @entity1 ( @entity1 ) following surgical resection and evaluate the association between PORT dose and overall survival. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of nonmetastatic stage II and III N0-N1 margin-negative @entity1 surgically treated @entity0 within the National Cancer Data Base from 2003 to 2011. Cox proportional hazards regression was performed for multivariable analyses of overall survival and PORT dose. Radiation modalities included nonconformal beam radiation, 3-dimensional conformal radiation (3D-CRT), and intensity-modulated radiation therapy. RESULTS: We identified 2167 (6.7%) and 30,269 (93.3%) @entity0 with surgically resected stage II or III N0-N1 margin-negative @entity1 who were treated with and without PORT, respectively. The proportion of @entity0 treated with PORT (dose range, 45 to 74 Gy) decreased from 8.9% in 2003 to 2006 to 4.1% in 2010 to 2011. Among @entity0 receiving PORT, the use of high-dose (60 to 74 Gy) PORT rose throughout the study period, starting at 34.8% in 2003 to 2006 and rising to 49.3% in 2010 to 2011.Overall, @entity0 who received PORT had worse survival (hazards ratio=1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.20-1.40) compared with those not receiving PORT. This association was unchanged when limited to @entity0 receiving modern treatment with 3-CRT or intensity-modulated radiation therapy (hazards ratio=1.35; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-1.65). CONCLUSIONS: The use of PORT for N0-N1 margin-negative @entity1 decreased from 2003 to 2011. We found no evidence of benefit from PORT for resected N0-N1 margin-negative @entity1 , regardless of dose or technique. PORT should be approached with caution in this group of @entity0 , regardless of radiotherapy technique.

title: Association Between Radiation Dose and Outcomes With Postoperative Radiotherapy for N0-N1 XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: In China, the @entity10 is the most common @entity1 type, and Mckeown esophagectomy (ME) is preferably adopted by thoracic surgeon. But, the surgical @entity2 of ME is great. Thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy (TE) was developed to decrease the operative stress; however, the safety and efficacy were not defined. In this study, clinical outcomes were compared between @entity0 who received ME and TE. METHODS: The data of 113 @entity0 who suffered from @entity7 during the same period were collected. Sixty-two @entity0 received ME (ME group), and 51 @entity0 received TE (TE group). @entity0 ' demographics and short-term clinicopathologic outcomes were comparable between the two groups. Survival rate was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method, and comparisons between groups were performed with log-rank test. RESULTS: @entity0 in TE group had lower body mass index (BMI). @entity1 stage in TE group was much earlier. Both overall and thoracic operation time were longer in TE group. The @entity4 during operation and postoperative day ( @entity8 was less in TE group, which contributed to the less blood transfusion. In TE group, postoperative incidence of @entity6 and @entity9 (p   =   0.035 and p   =   0.033) was lower; the inflammatory response and incision @entity3 were significantly alleviated; the ICU and in-hospital stay was shorter as well because of less surgical @entity2 . No statistically significant difference was found between two groups in terms of overall survival or disease-free survival. CONCLUSIONS: The efficacy and safety of TE were supported by the selected @entity0 in this cohort study. Although it is lack of randomness in this research, some advantages of TE were gratifying such as @entity5 and similar survival with ME. A multicenter prospective randomized study is now required.

title: Comparison of thoracolaparoscopic esophagectomy with cervical anastomosis with McKeown esophagectomy for XXXX .

answer: @entity7


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is unclear whether @entity1 @entity0 should be transferred initially to a @entity1 center or local hospital. METHODS: A systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the evidence for direct transport to specialist centers (SCs) versus initial stabilization at non-SCs (NSCs) for major @entity1 or moderate-to-severe @entity2 . Nine databases were searched from 1988 to 2012. Limitations in the study design informed recommendations for future studies. RESULTS: Of 19 major @entity1 studies, five (n = 19,910) included @entity0 not transferred to SCs and adjusted for case mix. Meta-analysis showed no difference in mortality for initial triage to NSCs versus SCs (odds ratio [OR] 1.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.85-1.23). Within studies excluding @entity0 not transferred to SCs, unadjusted analyses of mortality nonsignificantly favored transfer via NSCs (16 studies; n = 37,079; OR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.68-1.01), whereas adjusted analysis nonsignificantly favored direct triage to SCs (9 studies; n = 34,266; OR, 1.18; 95% CI, 0.96-1.44). Of 11 @entity2 studies, all excluded @entity0 not transferred to SCs and half were in remote locations. There was no significant mortality difference between initial triage to NSCs versus SCs within adjusted analyses (3 studies; n = 1,507; OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.31-1.79) or unadjusted analyses (10 studies; n = 3,671; OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.62-1.23). CONCLUSION: This systematic review demonstrated no difference in outcomes for direct transport to a @entity1 center versus initial triage to a local hospital. Many studies had significant limitations in the design, and heterogeneity was high. Recommendations for future studies include the following: (i) inclusion of @entity0 not transferred to SCs and those dying during transport; (ii) clear description of centers plus transport distances/times; (iii) adjustments for case mix; and (iv) assessment of morbidity and mortality. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Systematic review, level IV.

title: Impact of prehospital transfer strategies in major @entity1 and XXXX : Systematic review, meta-analysis, and recommendations for study design.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Subjective visual vertical ( @entity3 ) is a vestibular test commonly used in adults that has not been well studied in @entity0 . In this test, the @entity0 aligns a projected line with the perceived true vertical. Deviation of >2   is usually associated with @entity2 and may also be seen with central @entity1 . The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of @entity3 in @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, controlled study. METHODS: Thirty-three @entity0 aged 7 to 18 years with (n   =   21) and without (n   =   12) dizziness underwent static @entity3 . History, exam, rotary chair, and caloric testing were used to categorize subjects with dizziness into groups with peripheral vestibular loss (PVL), benign paroxysmal positioning vertigo (BPPV), central vertigo (CV), and nonvestibular dizziness (NVD). RESULTS: Mean @entity3 deviation was significantly higher in the peripheral vestibular loss group (n   =   4; 2.1        1.5) compared to BPPV (n   =   5; 0.5        0.3), CV (n   =   7; 0.4        0.3), NVD (n   =   5; 0.6        0.4), and control (n   =   12; 0.7        0.5) groups by one-way analysis of variance (P   =   .002). @entity3 deviation >2   demonstrated a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 75%, positive predictive value of 100%, and negative predictive value of 97% for PVL. CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 is a simple, noninvasive test that provides a valuable contribution to the assessment of peripheral vestibular function in @entity0 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3b Laryngoscope, 2015.

title: Subjective visual vertical testing in XXXX and adolescents.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Many events occur concurrently during the initiation of the secondary ossification center in the cartilaginous epiphyses of long bones. We have investigated the chronology of interactions between the vascular system and epiphyseal chondrocytes by culturing explanted heads of femurs and humeri from pre- and neonatal @entity0 on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of growing @entity2 embryos. We confirmed that, on the whole, the epiphyseal cartilage was resistant to vascular invasion, whereas the physeal growth plate was resorbed. However, new CAM-derived cartilage canals occasionally penetrated through the articular surface. This caused death of those chondrocytes in the immediate vicinity of the canal but no further reaction. If explants already contained a @entity3 and were halved prior to culture, CAM-derived vessels were attracted to the spongiosa. From there they pushed into the uncalcified cartilage, indicating that calcification was not a prerequisite for vascular invasion. Where at least two vessels were in apposition, a new pseudo-ossification center was initiated: chondrocytes became @entity1 and the matrix calcified. This suggests that cumulative release of diffusible factors from more than one vessel was the trigger for chondrocyte @entity1 , which, in turn, led to the initiation of the @entity3 . CAM cultures thus provide an experimental model for both the quiescent angiogenesis of cartilage canal formation and the reactionary angiogenesis associated with chondrocyte @entity1 . By exploiting the different anatomy of CAM-derived vascularity, events that occur concurrently in vivo can be specially separated in CAM culture.

title: Initiation of the XXXX in long bones: chronology of interactions between the vascular system and the chondrocytes.

answer: @entity3


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity7 (raised blood pressure and @entity4 ) complicates 2% to 8% of pregnancies, and raises morbidity and mortality in the mother and @entity0 . @entity7 is more common in @entity0 with @entity9 and in those who have conditions associated with @entity1 . METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: what are the effects of preventive interventions in @entity0 at risk of @entity7 ? What are the effects of interventions in @entity0 who develop mild to moderate @entity2 during pregnancy? What are the effects of interventions in @entity0 who develop severe @entity2 during pregnancy? What is the best choice of anticonvulsant for @entity0 with @entity11 ? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to February 2010 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically, please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). RESULTS: We found 69 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions. CONCLUSIONS: In this systematic review we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: anticonvulsants, antihypertensive drugs, antioxidants, antiplatelet drugs, @entity10 , bed rest, hospital admission, or day care, @entity3 supplementation, choice of @entity6 during labour, early delivery (interventionist care), evening primrose oil, fish oil, @entity5 , @entity8 supplementation, plasma volume expansion, and salt restriction.

title: @entity7 , @entity11 , and XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: The monoclonal antibody 3H1 mimics the external structure of the @entity5 ( @entity5 ). It therefore has the potential, via the anti-idiotypic network, to stimulate immune responses to @entity5 that may benefit @entity1 @entity0 . @entity0 AND METHODS: A total of 630 @entity0 with previously untreated metastatic @entity1 were randomised in a 2:1 fashion to receive bolus @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and @entity4 (LV) plus either 3H1 (n = 422) or placebo (n = 208). RESULTS: The addition of 3H1 to @entity3 and LV did not result in increased @entity2 . Survival for the full intent-to-treat population was 14.7 months for the 3H1 arm and 15.2 months for the placebo arm (P = 0.80). Anti- @entity5 antibody responses were observed in 70% of @entity0 treated with 3H1. @entity0 with a negative @entity5 response had a median survival of 8.3 months (95% CI 7.5-11.0) compared with @entity0 with a strong response: median survival not reached (P <0.001). CONCLUSION: 3H1 is safe and effectively induces immune responses to @entity5 . Addition of 3H1 to @entity3 and LV was not shown to improve overall @entity0 outcomes. However, improved survival in patients developing anti- @entity5 responses to 3H1 are provocative and should be studied in further clinical trials.

title: Phase III trial of @entity3 and @entity4 plus either 3H1 anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody or placebo in XXXX with advanced @entity1 .

answer: @entity0


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine whether @entity6 or @entity5 co-occurs with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) or @entity2 ( @entity2 ) more often than expected by chance, and, if so, whether the @entity4 generally precede or follow the @entity1 ( @entity1 ). DESIGN: Nested case-control studies using a database of linked hospital record abstracts. SETTING: Southern England. MAIN RESULTS: Both @entity6 and @entity5 preceded @entity3 significantly more often than would be predicted from the control population's experience. The associations were strongest when the mental conditions were diagnosed shortly before @entity3 , although the association between @entity6 and @entity3 was also significant when @entity6 preceded @entity3 by five or more years. Neither @entity6 nor @entity5 occurred before @entity2 more often than expected by chance. However, @entity6 and @entity5 were significantly more common after @entity2 ; the associations were strongest in the year after the initial record of @entity2 . @entity3 was followed by @entity5 , but not by @entity6 , more often than expected by chance and, again, the association was strongest within one year of diagnosis with @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: The concentration of risk of @entity6 or @entity5 one year or less before diagnosis with @entity3 suggests that the two @entity4 might be a consequence of early symptoms of the as yet undiagnosed @entity7 . The data are also, however, compatible with the hypothesis that the @entity4 could be aetiological factors in some @entity0 with @entity3 . Most of the excess @entity5 or @entity6 diagnosed subsequent to diagnosis of @entity1 occurs during the year after @entity1 is diagnosed and the probable explanation is that the @entity4 are sequelae of @entity1 .

title: XXXX and @entity5 in @entity0 with @entity1 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective was to assess whether fluid balance had a determinant impact on mortality rate in a cohort of critically ill @entity0 with severe @entity1 or @entity2 . DESIGN: A prospective and observational study was carried out on an inception cohort. SETTING: The setting was an intensive care unit of a university hospital. @entity0 : @entity0 admitted consecutively in the intensive care unit who were diagnosed with severe @entity1 or @entity2 were included. INTERVENTIONS: Demographic, laboratory, and clinical data were registered, as well as time of @entity2 onset, illness severity (Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment), and comorbidities. Daily and accumulated fluid balance was registered at 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours. Survival curves representing 28-day mortality were built according to the Kaplan-Meier method. RESULTS: A total of 42 @entity0 were included in the analysis: @entity0 , 64.3%; mean age, 61.8  15.9 years. @entity2 was predominant in 69% of the cases. Positive blood cultures were obtained in 17 @entity0 (40.5%). No age, sex, Sepsis-related Organ Failure Assessment, @entity4 , @entity3 , venous saturation of @entity5 , and troponin differences were observed upon admission between survivors and nonsurvivors. However, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II was observed in nonsurvivors, P=.016. Nonsurvivors also showed higher accumulated positive fluid balance at 48, 72, and 96 hours with statistically significant differences. Besides, significant differences (P=.02) were observed in the survival curve with the risk of mortality at 72 hours between @entity0 with greater than 2.5 L and less than 2.5 L of accumulated fluid balance. CONCLUSIONS: Fluid administration at the onset of severe @entity1 or @entity2 is the first line of hemodynamic treatment. However, the accumulated positive fluid balance in the first 48, 72, and 96 hours is associated with higher mortality in these critically ill @entity0 .

title: Fluid balance in @entity1 and XXXX as a determining factor of mortality.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study compared the effects of three @entity2 , including @entity6 , @entity5 and @entity3 on remineralization of artificial root caries. MATERIAL: Demineralized root fragments (n=75) were randomly divided into 5 groups for treatment with the remineralizing agents for 10 minutes: (i) 6.5% @entity6 , (ii) 6.5% @entity5 , (iii) 6.5% @entity3 , (iv) 1000 ppm @entity1 and (v) deionized water (control). The demineralized samples were pH-cycled through treatment solutions, acidic buffer and neutral buffer for 8 days at 6 cycles per day. The remineralization effects were evaluated using knoop microhardness, transverse microradiography (lesion depth and mineral loss) and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Microhardness at different lesion depths was analyzed with two-way ANOVA and Tukey's test; while lesion depths and mineral loss were analyzed with one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test. RESULTS: Artificial @entity0 treated with @entity1 and @entity2 showed significantly greater hardness than the control group (p<0.05). Both lesion depths and mineral loss of the @entity4 -treated groups were significantly lower than the control group (p<0.05), but significantly higher than the @entity1 -treated group. No significant difference in lesion depths and mineral loss were found among the three @entity2 (p>0.05). CONCLUSION: All three @entity2 showed positive effects on artificial root caries remineralization, which are significantly lower than that of 1,000 ppm @entity1 . This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Effect of XXXX on remineralization of artificial root caries.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Severe grey and white matter volume reductions were found in @entity0 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ) that were linked to @entity3 while their underlying pathophysiology remains unclear. For the first time, we analysed the cellular basis of brain volume changes in an animal model (activity-based @entity4 , @entity8 ). METHODS: Female @entity1 had 24   h/day running wheel access and received reduced food intake until a 25% weight reduction was reached and maintained for 2 weeks. RESULTS: In ABA @entity1 , the volumes of the cerebral cortex and corpus callosum were significantly reduced compared to controls by 6% and 9%, respectively. The number of @entity2 -positive astrocytes in these regions decreased by 39% and 23%, total astrocyte-covered area by 83% and 63%. In neurons no changes were observed. The findings were complemented by a 60% and 49% reduction in astrocyte ( @entity2 ) mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: Volumetric brain changes in ABA animals mirror those in @entity0 @entity6 @entity0 . These alterations are associated with a reduction of @entity2 -positive astrocytes as well as @entity2 expression. Reduced astrocyte functioning could help explain @entity5 leading to symptoms of @entity7 and impaired learning. Astrocyte loss could constitute a new research target for understanding and treating @entity9 and @entity6 .

title: Reduced astrocyte density underlying brain volume reduction in activity-based XXXX @entity1 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity2 is one of the major health problems of our world. Recent studies have revealed the relationship between diet and @entity2 . In Iranian traditional medicine, there is a therapeutic diet that is recommended in melancholic diseases like @entity2 . One of the main components of this diet is meat. Meats are divided into 2 groups: recommended and abstinent. The aim of this study was to clarify the logic of this diet through comparing nutritional elements of the 2 groups with each other. For this purpose, prominent books on Iranian traditional medicine were searched for abstinent and recommended meats traditionally prescribed for @entity2 @entity0 . The results of each group were compared with the other by using Mann-Whitney Test (SPSS version 16). The results showed that recommended meats contain higher amounts of @entity3 (P = .01) especially omega-3 (P = .03). Both groups contain high amounts of @entity1 . Iranian traditional medicine recommends consumption of meats that contains @entity1 with @entity4 in @entity2 .

title: XXXX and @entity1 Have a Main Role in Antidepression Diet of Iranian Traditional Medicine.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity0 with penetrating @entity3 have a high mortality. The utilization of sonography in these @entity0 may lead to earlier diagnosis and definitive surgical intervention. METHODS: A retrospective review of all @entity0 admitted to a level I @entity2 center were examined from March 1996 to March 2001 (17,241 @entity0 ). @entity0 were identified with penetrating @entity5 and were evaluated for mechanism of injury, sonographic findings (subxiphoid and parasternal windows), injury severity score, length of stay, and mortality. Surgeons performed all sonography. RESULTS: There were 478 @entity0 who underwent sonography for penetrating @entity5 . Twenty-three @entity0 were identified with positive sonographic findings. Subsequently 20 @entity0 had a @entity3 at surgery. There were no missed injuries. The 3 @entity0 with false positive findings had @entity4 (2 @entity0 ) and morbid @entity1 (1 @entity0 ). Mean time to operation was 13 minutes. Mean injury severity score was 33. Mean intensive care unit and hospital stay was 3.1 days and 7.2 days respectively. Sonography had a specificity of 99.3% and sensitivity of 100% for identifying penetrating @entity3 and a positive predictive value of 87% and negative predictive value of 100%. There were no hospital deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis and management using surgeon performed sonography may reduce the high mortality associated with penetrating @entity3 .

title: Successful diagnosis of penetrating XXXX using surgeon-performed sonography.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine cerebral arterial blood flow in 2 @entity0 exhibiting @entity4 (VBI) before and after spinal manipulative therapy. CLINICAL FEATURES: Two @entity0 had a repetitive/resting @entity1 , one from a spastic torticollis with the onset immediately after self-manipulation by the @entity0 6 months earlier, and the second one with a generalized resting @entity1 , hip clonus, dizziness, and @entity3 . The diagnosis of @entity4 was established by continuous wave Doppler ultrasound and physical examination. INTERVENTION AND OUTCOME: Nonrotary cervical manipulation and diversified technique to the thoracic spine were performed. In the first @entity0 , the spastic @entity1 improved by 80%. The repeat Doppler performed 13 months later showed an improvement in the arterial flow in the right external carotid artery peak flow from 0.7 kHz to 1.75 kHz. In the second @entity0 , the resting @entity1 diminished in 4 days, with the right common carotid artery peak systolic flow improving from 1.0 kHz to 1.9 kHz and the left vertebral artery flow improving from 0.175 kHz to 0.5 kHz. The symptoms of VBI and objective Doppler findings improved following spinal manipulation. Both cases had impaired vertebral arterial flow. CONCLUSION: Spinal manipulation may have a normalizing effect on the sympathetic nervous system, allowing for a change in @entity2 .

title: XXXX and spinal manipulation.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Heavy @entity2 drinking is associated with increased prevalence of systemic @entity1 ( @entity1 ), but the relationship between moderate drinking and @entity1 remains unclear. We explored the possible role of underreporting among moderate drinkers. METHOD: In a cross-sectional analysis of 105,378 @entity0 , we defined a subset among @entity0 reporting three or fewer drinks per day that was likely to include a disproportionate number of underreporters. This subset included @entity0 who, on another occasion, indicated intake of three or more drinks per day or who ever had a diagnosis of an @entity2 -related condition; these @entity0 are called "positive." @entity0 who never reported three or more drinks per day and who had no @entity2 -related diagnosis were called "negative." Logistic regression models estimated the odds ratios (ORs) for prevalent @entity1 (140/90 mm Hg or greater) in the positive and negative subgroups, compared with lifelong abstainers as referent. All @entity0 and four race-gender groups were studied, and they were controlled for age, education, smoking, and body mass index. We also studied the relationship of blood liver transaminase enzyme levels in the positive and negative subgroups at specific @entity2 intake strata. RESULTS: For @entity0 reporting one to two drinks per day, the OR (95% confidence interval) of @entity1 was 1.32 (1.21-1.43) for positive @entity0 and 1.16 (1.09-1.25) for negative @entity0 . For those reporting less than one drink per day, the ORs were 0.97 (0.89-1.06) for positives and 0.92 (0.87-0.98) for negatives. For those reporting one to two drinks per day, positive/negative comparisons showed approximately a 75% increased prevalence of high liver transaminase enzymes. For those reporting less than one drink per day, the positive/negative difference was approximately 30%. CONCLUSION: In these data, increased prevalence of @entity1 among @entity0 reporting one to two drinks per day appears to be partially due to underreporting of @entity2 intake.

title: Higher prevalence of systemic XXXX among moderate @entity2 drinkers: an exploration of the role of underreporting.

answer: @entity1