abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2 in @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is common even in the early stages of the disease. Our objective was to improve early detection of @entity2 in @entity1 . METHODS: Seventy-five @entity0 with relapsing remitting (RR) @entity1 and 20 controls were enrolled. Two RRMS groups were defined according to their results at the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). @entity0 with a z score below two standard deviations were considered impaired. We quantified T2 and T1 lesion volumes, and cerebral white and grey matter volumes on a conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Global @entity4 was evaluated using the third ventricle (V3) width (in mm). An average brain model was built based on controls and compared with the @entity0 's MRI to quantify regional volumetric changes. RESULTS: Sixteen (21.3%) @entity0 with RRMS had low PASAT performance. They had a higher Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score (P  =  0.019). T2 and T1 lesion volumes, and grey and white matter volumes were the same in both groups. An enlargement of the V3 width was observed in the low performer group (P  =  0.044) and V3 width was correlated with the PASAT score (r  =  -0.271; P  =  0.021). A composite score, named HV3, was obtained by adding the EDSS and V3 width (in mm) and correlated with the PASAT (r  =  -0.325; P  =  0.006). A cutoff HV3 score of over 5.5 identified @entity0 with low PASAT performance, with a positive predictive value of 92.5% and an accuracy of 70.1%. @entity3 was detected in the supplementary motor area, the cingulate gyrus, the right thalamus, and the inferior parietal lobules of @entity0 with lower PASAT performance. CONCLUSION: Specific brain morphological changes, including an enlargement of the V3 width, are associated with low PASAT performance in @entity0 with RRMS. The HV3 score is an additional and complementary tool, accessible in clinical practice, to suspect easily @entity2 in @entity0 with RRMS and to better identify @entity0 requiring a complete cognitive assessment.

title: The HV3 Score: A New Simple Tool to Suspect @entity2 in XXXX in Clinical Practice.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 is a national problem that has gained significant attention in both the medical literature and the national media. @entity1 in the adult population has been associated with increased failure of conservative treatments. Our hypothesis is that childhood @entity1 is associated with a loss of reduction after closed treatment of @entity2 . METHODS: A total of 157 @entity0 with consecutive @entity2 who underwent closed reduction in the emergency department or the operating room were included from the office records of the sole pediatric orthopaedic subspecialist group in a metropolitan area from January 2011 to June 2012. All cases were initially treated with fiberglass casting with or without closed reduction. All @entity0 completed the casting treatment and demonstrated radiographic union. @entity0 ' age, weight, height, number of office visits, subsequent surgeries, and @entity2 angulation were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Sixty-six (42%) @entity0 were overweight (BMI>85th percentile) and 46 (29%) @entity0 met the criteria for @entity1 (BMI>95th percentile). Fourteen normal-sized @entity0 (12%) and 13 @entity1 @entity0 (28%) required a reduction in the operating room after initial treatment, which was significant (P=0.02). Obese @entity0 needed significantly more visits requiring radiographs (P=0.004). Obese @entity0 were significantly less likely to have an initial perfect reduction in the emergency room (P=0.005). CONCLUSIONS: The results of closed reduction and casting for displaced @entity2 are typically excellent with few complications or risks. The present study supports the hypothesis that @entity1 results in a higher rate of malreduction and subsequent manipulations with closed reduction and casting. Close follow-up and early consideration for additional treatment in this @entity0 population may help reduce the need for further manipulations. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III.

title: Childhood XXXX Increases the Risk of Failure in the Treatment of Distal Forearm Fractures.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Gangliosides are @entity1 -conjugated glycosphingolipids that are believed to regulate cell differentiation as well as the signals of several signal molecules, including @entity0 ( @entity0 ). These compounds are localised in a glycosphingolipid-enriched microdomain on the cell surface and regulated by the glycosphingolipid composition. However, the role of @entity3 in porcine embryos is not yet clearly understood. Therefore, in this study, the relationship between @entity2 (GD1a) and @entity0 activation was investigated during meiotic maturation and further development in porcine oocytes. Porcine oocytes were cultured in the NCSU-23 medium supplemented with or without EGF and GD1a for 44h. Assessment of meiotic maturation was performed by using aceto-orcein staining method. Also, protein levels in matured oocytes were evaluated by Western blot analysis. After fertilization, presumptive zygotes were cultured in the PZM-3 medium for 6 days. All experiments were repeated more than 3 times. Data were analysed by using Student's t-test and Duncan's multiple range test. The proportion of GV arrested oocytes at 22h was significantly different between the EGF+GD1a-treated and untreated group (41.6  1.5 v. 25.0  0.0%; P<0.05). After completion of meiotic maturation (44h), the proportion of MII was significantly different between the EGF+GD1a-treated and untreated group (89.9  3.6 v. 57.4  5.3%; P<0.05). Also, expression of @entity0 protein in matured porcine oocytes was increased in the presence of EGF and GD1a. After IVF, the percentage of penetrated oocytes was significantly higher in the EGF+GD1a-treated group (89.1  2.3%), resulting in higher than normal pronucleus formation (2PN of 43.1  5.2%). Finally, in result, differences in preimplantation developmental potential were detected between the oocytes that were matured with or without EGF and GD1a (50.4  6.1 v. 27.2  2.7%; P<0.05). These results suggest that GD1a improves the developmental competence of embryos via enhanced meiotic maturation of porcine oocytes by @entity0 activation.

title: 300 XXXX improves meiotic maturation and preimplantation development of porcine oocytes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity5 nucleates two complexes, namely @entity5 complex 1 and 2 ( @entity7 and @entity8 ), which are implicated in cell growth, survival, metabolism, and @entity0 . Phosphorylation of the a-subunit of translation initiation factor @entity9 at @entity1 51 (eIF2a @entity10 ) is a key event of mRNA translation initiation and a master regulator of cell fate during cellular stress. Recent studies have implicated @entity5 signaling in the stress response, but its connection to eIF2aS51P has remained unclear. Herein, we report that genetic as well as catalytic inhibition of @entity8 induces @entity9 aS51P. On the other hand, the allosteric inhibitor @entity4 induces @entity9 aS51P through pathways that are independent of @entity7 inactivation. Increased @entity9 aS51P by impaired @entity8 depends on the inactivation of @entity2 , which primes the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident kinase @entity6 / @entity6 . The biologic function of @entity9 aS51P was characterized in @entity3 ( @entity3 )-mutant cells, which are defective in @entity8 and @entity2 activity. @entity3 -mutant cells exhibit increased @entity6 activity, which is downregulated by the reconstitution of the cells with an activated form of @entity2 . Also, @entity3 -mutant cells are increasingly susceptible to ER stress, which is reversed by @entity2 reconstitution. The susceptibility of @entity3 -mutant cells to ER stress is further enhanced by the pharmacologic inhibition of @entity6 or genetic inactivation of @entity9 aS51P. Thus, the @entity6 /eIF2aS51P arm is an important compensatory prosurvival mechanism, which substitutes for the loss of @entity2 under ER stress. IMPLICATIONS: A novel mechanistic link between @entity5 function and protein synthesis is identified in @entity3 -null @entity0 cells under stress and reveals potential for the development of antitumor treatments with stress-inducing chemotherapeutics. Mol Cancer Res; 13(10); 1-12.   2015 AACR.

title: @entity8 Balances @entity2 Activation and XXXX @entity1 51 Phosphorylation to Promote Survival under Stress.

answer: @entity9


abstract: @entity1 is an aggressive, destructive process most commonly affecting the immunocompromised host. Although frequently fatal, prognosis is related directly to early recognition and aggressive treatment. Various reports advocate computed tomography (CT) scanning as the study of choice in evalucating suspected invasive @entity4 , reserving magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for select cases. Others report lack of correlation between CT and surgical or pathological findings. Our aim wasq to investigate the usefulness of CT and MR in the diagnosis of @entity1 . We retrospectively reviewed four cases of biopsy-proven invasive disease. Correlations between radiographic, endoscopic, and surgical findings were investigated. Rhizopus species were detected in three cases and mixed Mucor and Aspergillus species in another. Superimposed bacterial @entity5 was confirmed in all cases. CT findings were nonspecific, revealing pansinusitis; no @entity3 or intracranial extension was noted. Mild @entity6 was noted in one case. Anterior rhinoscopy revealed nonviable tissue in two @entity0 . Nasal endoscopy later confirmed tissue @entity2 in a third @entity0 , whereas a final @entity0 had normal findings on both exams. Nonspecific findings resulted in delay of diagnosis by 48-72 hours in two @entity0 with presumed bacterial @entity5 . MR revealed intracranial extension in two @entity0 and better represented intraoperative findings. In conclusion, CT findings in @entity1 may be nonspecific and underestimate extent of disease. A high index of suspicion and early endoscopic examination with biopsy are mandatory for evaluation. MRI may better represent disease progression and should be considered early.

title: Usefulness of computed tomography and magnetic resonance in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: Background   To determine the prevalence of a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the endolymphatic @entity1 population. Methods   This was a retrospective chart and radiology review of @entity0 seen at a tertiary care medical center. @entity0 were identified using the International Classification of Diseases, 9th edition, code 386.xx (Meniere disease-unspecified), and were required to have undergone an imaging study that included views of the jugular bulb that were available for review. A radiologist then evaluated all of the imaging studies for evidence of @entity3 or inner ear dehiscence with a @entity2 . Results   The prevalence of a @entity3 in all endolymphatic @entity1 @entity0 was 9.0% (7 of 78), and it was 4.5% (7 of 156) in all ears. The prevalence of @entity3 ipsilateral to an ear with endolymphatic @entity1 was 4.6% (4 of 88 ears); it was 4.4% (3 of 68 ears) in ears without endolymphatic @entity1 . The incidence of inner ear dehiscence with a @entity3 was 1.3% (1 of 78). Electrocochleography results were not correlated with jugular bulb volume. Discussion   The results of this study indicate that a small subset of @entity0 treated for endolymphatic @entity1 @entity0 have a @entity3 . Overall, these results suggest that @entity3 does not play a major role in endolymphatic @entity1 , although it may play a role in a few isolated @entity0 .

title: The Prevalence of High-Riding Jugular Bulb in XXXX with Suspected Endolymphatic Hydrops.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine @entity6 levels in @entity0 with suspected intracranial events and to determine whether @entity6 levels could be used in the discrimination of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity3 in the emergency room. METHODS: Blood samples were obtained from the @entity0 prior to imaging to determine the levels of @entity6 . @entity0 were divided into diagnostic groups after the imaging. One hundred and seventy-six @entity0 , who were enrolled in the study, were as follows: 50 @entity2 ( @entity2 ) @entity0 (M/F: 24/26), 47 @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 (M/F: 27/20), 29 @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 (M/F: 17/12) and 50 healthy controls. Differences and correlations between groups were analyzed. RESULTS: Plasma levels of @entity6 in @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity3 were 5.49 ng/dL (IQR 4.73 to 6.96), 4.50 ng/dL (IQR 3.04 to 9.77), and 5.90 ng/dL (IQR 3.11 to 13.26), respectively. It was found to be 2.0 ng/dL (IQR 1.57 to 2.5) in healthy volunteers. There was no significant correlation between @entity6 levels and @entity5 Score (ICHS) (r = 0.231, p = 0.118). However, significant positive correlation was found between @entity6 levels with the National Institutes of Health @entity1 Scale (NIHSS) (r = 0.365, p = 0.009) and the BotterelHunt and Hess Scale (BHHS) (r = 0.590, p = 0.001). The @entity6 levels of 41 (32.5%) @entity0 who died were found to be significantly higher than those 85 (67.5%) @entity0 who were discharged (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 levels in @entity0 with @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity3 are significantly higher than healthy volunteers, but the plasma level of @entity6 is not decisive in the discrimination of @entity2 , @entity4 , and @entity3 .

title: @entity6 Levels in XXXX , @entity4 and @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) and @entity4 ( @entity4 ) play an important role in angiogenesis. We wanted to determine if concentrations of growth factors in the coronary sinus (CS) and @entity5 ( @entity5 ) are higher in @entity2 @entity0 with total occlusions than in those with partial occlusions. Fifty-one @entity0 scheduled for coronary artery angiography were evaluated for possible recruitment. A 6F Goodale-Lubin catheter was used to collect blood from the CS and @entity5 . Data for all but four @entity0 were gathered successfully, leaving 47 study @entity0 . The reviewer was blinded to growth factor data when interpreting coronary angiographic findings. Of the 47 enrolled @entity0 , 32 had at least one diseased vessel, seven of whom had at least one major total @entity3 . In all 32 @entity0 , the concentrations of @entity1 in the CS were higher than those in the @entity5 (31.5 +/- 2.7 vs 27.1 +/- 1.8 pg/mL; p = 0.005). @entity0 with total occlusions had higher @entity1 concentrations in the CS than those with non-total occlusions (38.9 +/- 8.0 vs 29.5 +/- 2.6 pg/mL; p = 0.037). The differences in @entity4 in the two groups were not statistically significant. The higher CS @entity1 concentrations in @entity0 with total occlusion indicate that @entity1 may play a part in the development of angiogenesis.

title: Effects of total coronary artery occlusion on vascular endothieial growth factor and XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: AIM: In @entity3 ( @entity3 ) hands, we applied high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) and 3  Tesla (3  T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), which are new methods for erosion detection and @entity2 ( @entity2 ) quantification. We compared the erosion measurements between these techniques with conventional radiographs (CR) in order to examine their significance for evaluating @entity4 . METHODS: In 16 @entity3 @entity0 , HR-pQCT of metacarpophalangeal and wrist joints, 3  T MRI of wrist joints, as well as CR in both hands and feet were performed. Ten @entity0 had 1-year follow-up CR. CRs were graded according to the modified Sharp score (MSS). Bone erosions were evaluated in HR-pQCT and MRI. @entity2 pattern was quantified from MRI for volume, signal change and total burden. RESULTS: The erosion detection sensitivity of MRI was 85.7% and CR was 60.9% when HR-pQCT was considered as a reference method. The smallest dimensions of erosion detected by HR-pQCT, MRI and CR were 0.09, 0.14 and 0.66  cm, respectively. Baseline total MSS was correlated with HR-pQCT erosion measures, MRI erosion measures and MRI @entity2 volume (P  <  0.05). The mean difference between baseline and 1-year follow-up MSS (delta MSS) was 1.2. A trend was observed toward a correlation between delta MSS and MRI @entity2 volume and burden. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that HR-pQCT detects more and smaller bone erosions compared to MRI and CR. In addition, 3  T MRI can provide quantitative measurement of @entity2 . Combination of HR-pQCT and MRI modalities may provide powerful tools to @entity1 and bone damage in @entity3 .

title: Correlation of XXXX of the wrist and metacarpophalangeal joints evaluated by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, 3  Tesla magnetic resonance imaging and conventional radiographs in @entity3 .

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors attempted to determine the incidence of and risk factors for @entity3 in @entity0 treated for @entity1 . They also sought to describe the corresponding posttreatment radiographic changes. METHODS: Between 1989-1993, 83 @entity0 received curative radiation therapy for @entity1 . Of these, 39 @entity0 were treated with definitive radiation therapy, and 44 @entity0 were treated with adjuvant radiation therapy after surgical resection. The median radiation therapy dose was 54 gray (Gy), and the median treatment area was 182 cm2. Chest radiographs obtained after radiation therapy were reviewed and scored for margin definition, @entity2 , and texture quality. RESULTS: A total of 17 @entity0 (20%) developed @entity3 ( @entity3 ). The median radiation therapy dose for the @entity3 cohort was 54 Gy, and the median treatment volume was 193 cm2. The median time to onset of symptoms was 3 weeks after radiation therapy, and the median duration of symptoms was 10 weeks. Of the 15 evaluable @entity0 , symptoms resolved for 9 @entity0 , improved but persisted for 4 @entity0 , and @entity3 was fatal for 2 @entity0 . The incidence of @entity3 was increased for @entity0 with low performance status, comorbid lung disease, smoking history, low pulmonary function tests, and for those @entity0 who did not undergo a surgical resection. Posttreatment radiographic changes were common and progressed with time. Radiographic changes were more pronounced in the @entity3 cohort, and extended outside the radiation therapy treatment field in the majority of @entity0 (67%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3 developed in 20% of @entity1 @entity0 . Risk factors included low performance status, comorbid lung disease, smoking history, low pulmonary function tests, and the absence of a surgical resection. Posttreatment radiograph changes were common and progressed with time, and typically were not confined to the radiation therapy treatment field.

title: @entity3 and radiographic changes after thoracic radiation therapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2 @entity0 are predisposed to developing insulin resistance and associated @entity5 such as @entity1 and @entity4 . The objective of this study was to determine the effect of bariatric surgery on adipose-derived inflammatory cytokines (adipokines), which play a key role in insulin resistance and @entity2 . We hypothesized that there is a significant increase in serum and tissue anti-inflammatory @entity7 with a decrease in circulating pro-inflammatory @entity6 and @entity8 , leading to reduced @entity3 post-bariatric surgery. METHODS: In this study, we investigated the effects of laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) and laparoscopic gastric band on serum and tissue levels of @entity7 and serum levels of @entity8 and @entity6 . Samples of serum and adipose tissue were collected at the time of surgery, 2  weeks and 6  months postoperatively. Adipokine levels were assayed by ELISA kits. RESULTS: A significant increase in @entity7 levels 2  weeks after surgery was observed in the subcutaneous adipose tissue in both groups combined. Serum @entity7 in LRYGB @entity0 showed an increasing trend, while @entity8 showed a decreasing trend post-surgery. There was no difference in @entity6 among the groups. The number of @entity0 enrolled did not allow for statistical power to be reached. CONCLUSION: Our results show significant and rapid increases in subcutaneous adipose @entity7 as early as 2  weeks post-bariatric surgery demonstrating reduced @entity3 and possibly reduced insulin resistance. Future studies are warranted in larger cohorts with additional measurements of insulin sensitivity and @entity3 .

title: Effect of bariatric surgery on systemic and adipose tissue XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Pure @entity3 are considered to be @entity4 and less likely to @entity1 than other nonseminomatous @entity6 . Therefore, @entity0 with mature @entity3 are considered to be candidates for surveillance protocols. We report on the clinical history and treatment of 44 @entity0 with a primary pure @entity7 . In all, 35 @entity0 (79.5%) presented with clinically low-stage disease [n = 26, clinical stage I (59.1%); n = 9, clinical stage IIA/B (20.4%)] and underwent radical orchiectomy followed by retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy (RPLND); nine @entity0 (20.5%) presented with clinically advanced disease (clinical stage IIC to stage IV). @entity2 blocks were available for pathological reevaluation and serial sections were obtained in all cases. The frequency of lymph node @entity1 in @entity0 with clinical stage I disease was 19.2%; in @entity0 with clinical stage IIA/B the risk was 66%. Pathohistological diagnosis of @entity3 was confirmed in all cases; however, 17/20 @entity0 demonstrated scars or @entity5 in the adjacent parenchyma, indicating a burned-out @entity2 and 3/20 demonstrated microfocal germ cell @entity2 elements. None of the clinical stage I @entity0 relapsed during follow-up; relapse rate among @entity0 with stage IIA/B disease was 33%. Our data demonstrate the malignant potential of pure testicular @entity3 . Based on our results, @entity1 in testicular @entity3 seem to result from metastazising non-germ-cell components undergoing early regression as demonstrated by the high frequency of burnedout @entity2 . We recommend serial sections of the orchiectomy specimen in all cases of pure @entity3 for deciding on adequate management: RPLND in cases with associated scars, @entity5 or microfocal malignant germ cell components, and surveillance in cases with pure mature @entity3 .

title: [Clinical stage I XXXX of the testis--retroperitoneal lymphadenectomy or surveillance?].

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the underlying mechanism for the therapeutic effect of a traditional Chinese medicinal recipe, Antidotal and Myogenic Ointment ( @entity7 ), on the foot @entity3 in @entity0 @entity1 using cDNA microarray technology. METHODS: 45 @entity1 were made @entity0 by i. p. injection of @entity4 . The treated animals were then fed for 6 months,and subjected to the dissection of distal popliteal artery after ligation of the vessels. Another month later, grade @entity2 was produced on the bottom of their foot as a model of @entity5 . The @entity1 were then randomly divided into three groups (15 each) to receive @entity7 , @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and saline for 30 days, with dressing change in every 2 days. The area of @entity3 wound and their healing rate were recorded before and after the treatment. Total RNA was extracted from the tissue samples collected near the wound, and the expression profile of cytokine genes demonstrated using the microarry for @entity1 . RESULTS: In comparison with the saline group, difference in the level of expression was found in 25 genes (23 of them were up-regulated and 2 down-regulated) in @entity6 group, and 30 genes in @entity7 groups (29 of them up-regulated and 1 down-regulated ). In comparison with @entity6 group, difference in level of expression was found in 16 genes in @entity7 group, with 11 up-regulated and 5 down-regulated. Neurotrophic factors and chemotactic factors, etc were among the genes involved. CONCLUSION: In comparison with @entity6 , @entity7 is more effective in the treatment of foot @entity3 in @entity0 @entity1 . It is possible that @entity7 produces such effects through the regulation of balance in cytokine expression.

title: [A microarray study on the molecular mechanism for the therapeutic effect of Antidotal and Myogenic Ointment on the foot @entity3 in @entity0 XXXX ].

answer: @entity1


abstract: AIM: Evidence suggests that subchondral bone can be used as a predictor for the onset of @entity3 . As such, there is a need to accurately and reproducibly quantify subchondral bone in areas where @entity3 develops. In this paper, we present a novel technique for the segmentation of subchondral bone in the tibiofemoral joint and assess the reproducibility of this method with multiple measures and users. METHODS: The right hind leg of seven C57BL/6 @entity0 were excised and imaged in  CT. The menisci and patella were manually segmented and the image data was Gaussian filtered and binarized. An in-house algorithm was used to generate cortical and epiphyseal volumes of interest and standard morphometric indices for bone were computed. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), absolute precision error (PE( @entity2 )), and precision error as a percentage of the coefficient of variation of the repeated measurements (PE(%CV)) were calculated for each index. Additionally, an inter-user study was performed using the same indices and statistics. RESULTS: For repeated measures, ICC ranged from 0.869 (cortical bone volume fraction, femur) to 0.994 (degree of anisotropy, femur). Similarly, PE(%CV) ranged from 0.84% (cortical bone volume fraction, femur) to 5.11% (connectivity density, tibia). For repeated users, no effect was seen in the femur with a slight effect in the tibia. CONCLUSIONS: A novel method for the @entity1 is presented and is shown to be reproducible in C57BL/6 @entity0 . This tool will allow for high-throughput studies of @entity3 in animal models.

title: Reproducibility of compartmental subchondral bone morphometry in the XXXX tibiofemoral joint.

answer: @entity0


abstract: Fifteen worm-free @entity1 (two-and-a-half to three months or four to four-and-a-half months old) were infected with 3500 or 4000 Ostertagia ostertagi larvae on five days each week for six weeks, and their performance compared to that of controls. Eleven @entity1 were killed after eight weeks and four were challenged with @entity5 to determine whether any cross resistance had developed. A feature of the O ostertagi @entity0 was the considerable variation in response. Overall liveweight gain was lowered by 24 per cent in the two-and-a-half to three-month-old infected @entity1 , mainly due to reductions of 27 to 40 per cent in four of the seven @entity1 . There was no consistent effect in the older @entity1 . The worm populations consisted mainly of early fourth stage larvae and developing worms, but a small percentage reached sexual maturity and these produced a low faecal egg count (1 to 63 eggs per gram). Numerous intraluminal refractive crystals were present in the gut of both @entity3 and developing stages, possibly reflecting degenerative changes. @entity2 of the @entity4 with patchy loss of differentiation was a feature of the @entity0 , and in four lambs serum pepsinogen concentrations were elevated. Exposure to O ostertagi did confer some protection against challenge with @entity5 in that worm counts were reduced to about 60 per cent of those in controls, although no increase was observed in the numbers of arrested larvae. The successful passage of O ostertagi through young @entity1 could be important in mixed or alternate grazing systems by providing a reservoir of @entity0 for the alternate host.

title: Effect of Ostertagia ostertagi on lamb performance and cross resistance to XXXX .

answer: @entity5


abstract: @entity5 is a rare condition with known risk factors. The @entity7 describes @entity6 of the arm or breast in the setting of adjuvant @entity4 ( @entity4 ) after breast conservation surgery. @entity5 , in the absence of @entity4 , is rarer still. We present a unique case of @entity5 , diagnosed 6 years after conservative surgery for @entity0 when no adjuvant @entity4 was given. @entity3 in the breast delayed the investigation of skin changes, with an eventual diagnosis of @entity6 . An isolated pituitary @entity1 9 months from the diagnosis, the first such reported case, adds to the complexity of the case. The diagnosis and management of @entity5 is discussed. @entity6 is a rare occurrence after breast conservative surgery. @entity2 can impede early diagnosis. The disease can display unique metastatic potential.

title: @entity6 arising in an unirradiated breast with subsequent pituitary XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin signs is associated with Aspergillus are rare and are seen principally in immunodepressed @entity0 . Distinction is generally made between primary @entity2 , caused by direct cutaneous inoculation with the offending organism, and secondary @entity2 , associated with peripheral emboli from an area of chronic @entity4 . There have been rare reports of indirect satellite skin signs resulting from @entity3 , and below we present such a case. @entity0 AND METHODS: A 40 year-old immunocompetent @entity0 consulted for erysipeloid plaques on the lower limbs recurring over a period of seven months. X-rays and CAT scans of the sinus demonstrated asymptomatic axillary @entity6 probably caused by Aspergillus. The diagnosis was confirmed by surgery, which resulted in cure without additional antifungal treatment. The @entity1 subsided and after 15 months, there was no recurrence of lesions. DISCUSSION: The absence of relapse following treatment of the focus of @entity8 forms a major argument in favour of a causal relationship between the @entity7 . The hypothesis of a septic embologenic mechanism within the sinus was abandoned in favour of a mechanism similar to streptococcal nodular erythema, seen in diseases involving immune complexes, possibly caused by @entity5 to Aspergillus proteins. This case history demonstrates the existence of satellite skin signs of @entity3 indicative of neither primary nor secondary @entity8 .

title: [Erysipelas-like XXXX of the legs revealing aspergilloma of the maxillary sinus].

answer: @entity7


abstract: This study was conducted to elucidate the magnitude of problem and the clinical course of invasive @entity7 from 13 government hospitals in Thailand between 1994 and 1999. Thirty-six strains of @entity5 were isolated from 16 blood and 24 cerebrospinal fluid specimens; 4 @entity0 had positive culture in both blood and CSF. Of the 16 strains, 9 (56.3%) were serogroup B. Seventy-one and eighty-four percent of the isolates were susceptible to @entity1 and @entity4 / @entity3 respectively. Five out of six @entity1 -nonsusceptible strains were found to be relatively resistant to @entity1 with the MIC of 0.125 microg/ml. Of 33 @entity0 whose medical records were available, 21 were males and 12 were females, with a mean age of 11.2 years. Fifteen @entity0 (45.5%) presented with meningococcemia and 18 @entity0 (54.5%) presented with @entity8 . @entity2 and @entity6 were found in 24.2% and 33.3% of @entity0 respectively. The overall mortality rate was 9.1%. In conclusion, @entity7 is not common in Thailand, meningococcemia is a life-threatening condition whereas @entity8 is much less severe. The prevalence of meningococci relatively resistant to @entity1 seems to be increasing.

title: Epidemiology of XXXX in 13 government hospitals in Thailand, 1994-1999.

answer: @entity7


abstract: @entity7 ( @entity4 und @entity8 ) are different forms of @entity6 , well defined both clinically and genetically. In absence of typical clinical features of @entity4 (caf  -au-lait-spots, cutaneous @entity5 , Lisch-nodules) or @entity8 ( @entity2 ) clinical classification is often not possible. @entity5 are more common in @entity4 and @entity3 are typical for @entity8 , but pathological histology does not provide sufficient evidence for diagnosis. We describe 14 @entity0 who presented with the clinical picture of multiple @entity1 . Detailed family history, exact clinical examination including an ophthalmological examination led to the diagnosis of @entity8 in four cases. Mutation analysis confirmed the diagnosis of @entity8 in one case by identification of a 163 base pair deletion in the @entity8 transcript. To investigate the expression of @entity8 and neurofibromin we stained @entity1 paraffin sections of six patients with antibodies against peptides of the @entity4 and the @entity8 protein. Based on preserved immunoreactivities we were able to exclude diagnosis of @entity4 in three and @entity8 in two cases. In four @entity0 the clinical symptoms could confirm the diagnosis of @entity9 . Combining the results of clinical, neurogenetical and immunohistochemical examinations we could diagnose @entity4 or @entity8 in ten @entity0 in total. Immunoreactivity led to the suggestion of @entity8 in two @entity0 ; the other two @entity0 whose @entity1 were not stained so far, could as yet not be classified for NF.

title: [ @entity6 versus XXXX ].

answer: @entity9


abstract: BACKGROUND: The infectivity of @entity1 gametocytes is typically determined by microscopically examining the midguts of mosquitoes that have taken a blood meal containing potentially infectious parasites. Such assessments are required for the development and evaluation of transmission-reducing interventions (TRI), but are limited by subjectivity, technical complexity and throughput. The detection of circumsporozoite protein (CSP) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and enhanced chemiluminescent slot-blot (ECL-SB) may be used as objective, scalable alternatives to microscopy for the determination of @entity0 prevalence. METHODS: To compare the performance of the CSP ELISA and ECL-SB for the detection of mosquito @entity0 , four groups of Anopheles stephensi mosquitoes were infected with cultured @entity1 gametocytes. At day-8 post- @entity0 (PI), parasite status was determined by microscopy for a sample of mosquitoes from each group. At days 8 and 10 PI, the parasite status of separate mosquito samples was analysed by both CSP ELISA and ECL-SB. RESULTS: When mosquito samples were analysed 8  days PI, the ECL-SB determined similar @entity0 prevalence to microscopy; CSP ELISA lacked the sensitivity to detect CSP in all infected mosquitoes at this early time point. When mosquitoes were analysed 48  h later (10  days PI) both assays performed as well as microscopy for @entity0 detection. CONCLUSIONS: Whilst microscopical examination of mosquito guts is of great value when quantification of parasite burden is required, ECL-SB and CSP ELISA are suitable alternatives at day 10 PI when @entity0 prevalence is the desired endpoint, although CSP ELISA is not suitable at day 8 PI. These results are important to groups considering large-scale implementation of TRI.

title: A comparison of XXXX circumsporozoite protein-based slot blot and ELISA immuno-assays for oocyst detection in mosquito homogenates.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Subjects with severe hypoxemic @entity3 have shown a high mortality in previous studies. METHODS: All adult ICU @entity0 requiring mechanical ventilation from 2005 to 2010 at Mayo Clinic were screened for severe @entity1 ( @entity2 score of >= 3). Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, prone positioning, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV), and inhaled vasodilators were considered as rescue strategies. A propensity-based scoring was created for the indication or predilection to use each strategy. A model was created to evaluate the association of each rescue strategy with hospital mortality. RESULTS: Among 1,032 subjects with severe @entity1 , 239 subjects received some form of rescue strategy (59 received a combination of therapies, and 180 received individual therapies). Inhaled vasodilators were the most common, followed by HFOV. Rescue strategies were used in younger subjects with severe oxygenation deficits. Subjects receiving rescue strategies had higher mortality and longer ICU stays. None of the strategies individually or in combination showed a significant association with hospital mortality after adjusting covariates by propensity scoring. Adjusted Odds ratios and respective 95% CI were as follows: HFOV 0.67 (0.35-1.27), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation 0.63 (0.18-1.92), prone position 1.07 (0.49-2.28), and inhaled vasodilators 1.17 (0.78-1.77). CONCLUSIONS: In this retrospective comparative effectiveness study, there was no association of rescue strategies with hospital mortality in subjects with severe @entity1 .

title: A Comparative Effectiveness Study of Rescue Strategies in 1,000 Subjects With Severe XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: Resistance to @entity1 analogue inhibitors of the reverse transcriptase of the @entity2 often involves phosphorolytic excision of the incorporated chain terminator. Previous crystallographic and modeling studies suggested that this reaction could only occur when the enzyme resides in a pre-translocational stage. Here we studied mechanisms of polymerase translocation using novel site-specific footprinting techniques. Classical footprinting approaches, based on the detection of protected nucleic acid residues, are not sensitive enough to visualize subtle structural differences at single @entity0 resolution. Thus, we developed chemical footprinting techniques that give rise to hyperreactive cleavage on the template strand mediated through specific contacts with the enzyme. Two specific cuts served as markers that defined the position of the polymerase and RNase H domain, respectively. We show that the presence of the next correct @entity4 , following the incorporated chain terminator, caused a shift in the position of the two cuts a single @entity0 further downstream. The footprints point to monotonic sliding motions and provide compelling evidence for the existence of an equilibrium between pre- and post-translocational stages. Our data show that enzyme translocation is reversible and uncoupled from @entity0 incorporation and the release of @entity3 . This translocational equilibrium ensures access to the pre-translocational stage after incorporation of the chain terminator. The efficiency of excision correlates with an increase in the population of complexes that exist in the pre-translocational stage, and we show that the latter configuration is preferred with an enzyme that contains mutations associated with resistance to @entity1 analogue inhibitors.

title: Site-specific footprinting reveals differences in the translocation status of XXXX reverse transcriptase. Implications for polymerase translocation and drug resistance.

answer: @entity2


abstract: We investigated the mechanism of @entity6 detected in a repeated-dose @entity1 study using @entity4 that were treated with a humanized antibody drug. This drug was an IgG1 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) that binds to the @entity0 @entity7 .24 antigen named anti- @entity7 .24 MoAb. The presence of the @entity7 .24 antigen on the erythrocyte membranes and the erythrocyte agglutination following the addition of anti- @entity7 .24 MoAb was examined. In addition, an indirect Coombs' test, a hemolysis assay and the measurement of anti-single stranded-DNA antibodies were performed using test animal serum or plasma. The specific binding of @entity3 - and 125I-labeled anti- @entity7 .24 MoAb to the erythrocyte membrane was not observed. @entity7 .24 antigen was not identified on the erythrocyte membranes. However, a high concentration (more than 713 microg/mL) of anti- @entity7 .24 MoAb hemagglutinated the erythrocyte suspensions. The cause of this agglutination was unclear, but it is assumed that the non-specific binding and/or adhesion caused the direct agglutination. In the examination using test serum from the anemic monkeys, a positive reaction in the indirect Coombs' test was noted. Moreover, in these Coombs' test-positive animals, the production of anti-single stranded-DNA antibodies was sequentially increased. In the female monkey sacrificed in extremis due to severe @entity2 , an in vitro hemolytic reaction was detected attributable to complement activation. From these results, the @entity6 detected in the repeated-dose @entity1 study was diagnosed as a drug-induced @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and the primary cause was assumed to be production of IgG class anti-erythrocyte autoantibodies.

title: Investigation of the mechanism of drug-induced @entity5 in XXXX elicited by a repeated-dose of a humanized monoclonal antibody drug.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The aim of the present study was to compare the effect of social stress on the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) and @entity9 ( @entity1 )-induced pituitary-adrenocortical activity. Also the significance of @entity4 (PG) generated by constitutive and inducible cyclooxygenase ( @entity11 and @entity7 ) in the stimulation of @entity2 by AVP under basal and crowding stress conditions was investigated. The control @entity0 were housed 7 in a standard cage and stressed @entity0 were crowded 24 in a cage of the same size during 7 days. The activity of @entity2 was determined by measuring plasma ACTH and serum @entity3 levels 1 h after i.p. AVP administration. @entity6 (2.0 mg/kg i.p.), a non-selective COX inhibitor, @entity8 (0.2, 2.0, and 5.0 mg/kg), a more potent @entity11 than @entity7 inhibitor, and compound @entity10 (0.2 and 2.0 mg/kg) a selective @entity7 inhibitor, were administered i.p. 15 min prior to AVP (5.0 microg/kg i.p.) to control or crowded @entity0 . The obtained results indicate that social stress for 7 days considerably inhibits the stimulatory action of AVP on ACTH secretion, while it intensifies the @entity5 -induced ACTH secretion. @entity6 , @entity8 and @entity10 significantly diminished the AVP-elicited ACTH and @entity3 secretion in non-stressed @entity0 . None of these COX antagonist induced any significant inhibition of the AVP-induced ACTH and @entity3 secretion in stressed @entity0 . Therefore, PG generated by @entity11 or @entity7 do not participate to a significant extent in the HPA stimulation by AVP during crowding stress. These results suggest that social crowding stress desensitizes the PG stimulatory mechanism which considerably mediates the AVP-induced HPA stimulation under basal conditions. The results contrast with a lack of any involvement of PG in the @entity5 -induced stimulation of HPA response under basal or crowding stress conditions.

title: Effect of cyclooxygenase inhibitors on the vasopressin induced ACTH and XXXX response during crowding stress.

answer: @entity3


abstract: Malnutrition in elderly @entity0 contributes to @entity2 and @entity3 . The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of nutritional improvement on bone metabolism in elderly community-dwelling @entity0 . A 12-month randomized controlled trial of 71 ambulant @entity0 aged > or =70 years with BMI < or =21 kg/m(2 )and @entity2 at the hip was undertaken. They received either calcium (1 g) and vitamin D (800 units of cholecalciferol) only (group 1: n=35) or calcium/vitamin D and one or two cartons of a nutritional supplement drink which provided 300 Kcal, 12 g protein, 11.6 g fat and 36.8 g carbohydrate per carton (group 2: n=36). Body composition and @entity1 ( @entity1 ) were assessed at baseline and 12 months. Biochemical markers of bone turnover were measured at baseline and at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Group 2 gained significantly more weight [mean (SD) group 1: 0.15 (2.45), group 2:2.66 (2.8) kg P<0.001] and fat mass [group 1: -0.26 (1.8), group 2:1.9 (1.7) kg P<0.001]. @entity1 at the spine, femoral neck and total hip did not change significantly, although there was a positive trend at the total hip in group 2 [group 1: -0.5 (5.2), group 2:1.25 (3.3)%, P=0.13]. In a subgroup analysis, irrespective of their treatment group, there was a significant difference in changes in @entity1 at the lumbar spine and total hip in those who lost body weight (A) compared to those who had maintained or increased their weight (B), [mean (SD) % change in @entity1 lumbar spine; A: -1.64 (3.75), B: 0.96 (2.75) P=0.013, total hip A: -2.09 (6.0), B: 1.04 (3.3), P=0.05)] A significant reduction in serum @entity5 , a marker of bone resorption, was seen in group 2 [% decrease at 3 months, group 1: 1 (8.7), Group 2: 32 (5.8), P<0.01]. Serum @entity4 ( @entity4 ) increased significantly in group 2 with a maximal increase (27%) observed at 6 ( P<0.01) and 9 months ( P<0.05). A small increase in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase was seen at 12 months in group 2 [% increase group 1:5 (5), group 2: 17 (6), P=0.05]. Serum osteocalcin increased at 12 months in group 2 ( P=0.01). Dietary improvement in elderly @entity0 with low BMI is associated with a reduction in bone resorption with a small but "net" positive effect on bone formation.

title: Effects of dietary improvement on bone metabolism in elderly underweight @entity0 with XXXX : a randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate software accuracy and influence of body mass index on image quality of Lunar iDXA (Lunar, Madison, WI, USA; software enCORE 12.0) in @entity2 (VFs) assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 65 normal or overweight @entity0 (group 1) and 64 @entity1 @entity0 (group 2) with indication for morphometric evaluation of the spine. @entity0 underwent iDXA, with scans performed in the standard manner by an expert technologist. Lateral images of the spine were subsequently evaluated by a musculoskeletal radiologist as the gold standard. Our analysis considered five points: vertebral bodies missed or not assessable or wrongly labeled on T4-L4 segment, diagnostic performance of the automatic morphometric point-positioning system in the detection of VFs, upgrading and downgrading of @entity2 , radiologist intervention rate, and BMI influence. RESULTS: In group 1, 57/845 (6.7%) vertebral bodies and 34/832 (4.1%) in group 2 were not assessable-the upper thoracic spine. enCORE failed to recognize vertebral levels in 5.4% of the @entity0 (7.7% in group 1 vs. 3.1% in group 2). On a lesion-based analysis sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the software were 81.4, 93.8, and 93.1% in group 1 and 69.1, 88.3, and 86.7% in group 2, respectively. For 52.7% of the vertebrae in group 1 (51/8 upgraded/downgraded) and 70.0% in group 2 (96/26 upgraded/downgraded), a point correction was necessary and this changed the diagnosis respectively in 29.2 and 50.0% of the @entity0 . Differences in diagnostic performance and point correction rate were significantly different between the two groups; however, BMI did not significantly affect vertebral level labeling and was correlated with a better visualization of the whole T4-L4 spine segment. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides new and interesting information about the accuracy, reliability, and imaging quality provided by iDXA in the assessment of VFs.

title: New dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry equipment in the assessment of vertebral XXXX : technical limits and software accuracy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To describe changes in drug treatment and clinical outcomes of @entity6 ( @entity6 ) during the past decade. METHODS: The national database of the @entity2 centres collects clinical and @entity0 -derived data from unselected outpatients with inflammatory @entity3 . Cross-sectional data from 2000 to 2012 of around 1000 @entity0 with @entity6 per year were compared with regard to clinical presentation and quality of life indicators. RESULTS: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have been the predominant treatment choice in @entity6 over the years with a prescription rate of 67% of @entity0 in 2012. Currently, almost half of the @entity0 with @entity6 in German rheumatology centres are treated with @entity1 necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi). Often, both treatments are used in combination (33%), followed by combinations of NSAIDs and synthetic disease modifying antirheumatic drugs (sDMARDs) with 23% or TNFi alone (21%). In 2012, 10% of @entity0 each received NSAID or sDMARD monotherapy. @entity5 , @entity7 , glucocorticoids and analgaesics alone or in combination with other treatments were given to 10% of @entity0 , respectively. Over the years, we have seen remarkable improvements in disease control and @entity0 reported outcomes. These developments are consistent with enhanced functional status, increasing employment rates and decreasing sick leave, hospitalisation and @entity4 . CONCLUSIONS: In the German rheumatology secondary/tertiary care setting, routine care of @entity0 with @entity6 has changed tremendously during the past decade. Increasingly, more efficacious treatment options are reflected in improved clinical outcomes, quality of life and participation in the labour force.

title: Trends in treatment and outcomes of XXXX in outpatient rheumatological care in Germany between 2000 and 2012.

answer: @entity6


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 129 Background: @entity5 / @entity2 (DP) plus bevacizumab (B) demonstrated a superior progression-free survival (PFS) but did not prolong @entity6 ( @entity6 ) in comparison to DP monotherapy in CALGB 90401, a study of 1,050 @entity0 with metastatic @entity3 ( @entity3 ) who had not received prior chemotherapy for metastatic disease. @entity4 use increases VEGF levels, suggesting the benefit of bevacizumab may be greater in @entity0 who use @entity4 . METHODS: The association of @entity4 usage and @entity6 was evaluated. @entity0 -reported history of @entity4 usage was prospectively collected for @entity0 on CALGB 90401. Within each smoking status group, the log-rank test was used to compare the survival time between the two treatment arms. The proportional hazards model was used to test for smoking by treatment interaction predicting @entity6 . RESULTS: Of 865 @entity0 with available smoking history, 21%, 30% and 49% were current, former, and never smokers. As summarized in the table below, there was a non-statistically significant improvement in @entity6 for current smokers treated on the DP+B arm compared to the DP arm. However, treatment-by-smoking interaction was not statistically significant in predicting @entity6 (p=0.299). CONCLUSIONS: There was a trend toward an improvement in @entity6 for current smokers treated with DP+B. The accuracy of @entity0 -reported smoking status will be confirmed with serum @entity7 levels in a pilot study. The effect of @entity4 use on cancer outcomes with VEGF targeted therapy will be evaluated in other @entity1 .

title: Evaluating the effect of XXXX on @entity3 outcomes with VEGF-targeted therapy.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify the characteristics of @entity0 with "persistent @entity3 " (PerCI), as perceived by Australian and New Zealand intensive care unit clinicians. @entity0 with PerCI were defined as those whose reason for being in the ICU was now more related to their ongoing @entity3 than their original reason for admission to the ICU. DESIGN AND @entity0 : Using a web-based survey, we recruited clinicians affiliated with the Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society (ANZICS) Clinical Trials Group (CTG) who cared for adults. Clinicians included doctors, nurses, physiotherapists, dietitians, research managers and others. We used the ANZICS-CTG mailing list to email a single request for anonymous participation. RESULTS: A total of 101 eligible clinicians responded to our survey. PerCI was believed to develop after a median of 10 days (IQR, 7-14 days), and to be somewhat uncommon (occurring in 10% of all ICU @entity0 [IQR, 5%-15%], and in 50% of all @entity0 with a prolonged ICU length of stay [IQR, 20%-60%]). Ninety per cent of respondents thought that @entity0 with PerCI required ongoing invasive mechanical ventilation, and the most common problems were thought to be @entity2 (68%), @entity1 (59%) and acquired @entity4 (54%). Ten per cent of @entity0 with PerCI were expected to be alive and well and at home 6 months after ICU discharge, with another 15% alive and at home but requiring significant help. The remainder were expected to die within 6 months or to need institutional care. CONCLUSION: @entity0 with PerCI appear to be an identifiable group of ICU @entity0 , with definable characteristics, substantial stress associated with their care, and poor perceived long-term outcomes.

title: Persistent XXXX characterised by Australian and New Zealand ICU clinicians.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIMS: @entity6 is a ubiquitously expressed @entity4 -activated intracellular @entity5 protease. Altered expression of @entity3 has been implicated in @entity2 progression and response to chemotherapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: The aim of the current study was to confirm previous data that suggested that @entity6 expression is associated with relapse-free survival in trastuzumab treated @entity0 @entity1 (n=93). An expanded @entity1 cohort from Nottingham was used (n=194; including 72 of the previous cohort), and an independent @entity1 cohort from Newcastle (n=87). All @entity1 received trastuzumab following adjuvant therapy according to local guidelines with expression of @entity6 investigated using standard immunohistochemistry. Results show that @entity6 expression is associated with relapse-free survival in both the Nottingham (P=0.01) and Newcastle (P=0.019) cohorts, with high expression associated with adverse relapse-free survival. Expression was also associated with poor relapse-free survival when @entity1 cohorts were combined (n=281, P=0.01). @entity6 remained, from multivariate analysis, an independent marker for relapse-free survival in the Newcastle cohort (hazard ratio (HR) =5.169; 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.468-18.200; P=0.011). CONCLUSIONS: @entity6 expression is associated with poor relapse-free @entity0 @entity1 treated with trastuzumab. Further work is warranted to standardise and develop methodology with a view to potentially introducing assessment of this important biomarker into clinical practice. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: @entity6 is associated with adverse relapse free XXXX : a confirmatory study.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) has become a concept commonly used in the related research. Using the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire for Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF), this study evaluated the Quality of Life (QOL) of @entity0 living with @entity2 / @entity3 (PLWHA) in Zhejiang province, China, and assessed the influences of demographic, laboratory and disease-related variables on QOL. This cross-sectional study was conducted among PLWHA aged >=  18 years in Taizhou municipality, Zhejiang province, China, between August 1 and October 31, 2014. A multiple linear regression model was used to analyze the influential factors. Of 403 subjects, 72.48% were male, 72.46% had received a high- school or above education, 94.79% were of Han ethnicity, and 65.51% were non farmers. The total score of QOL was 15.99  1.99. The scores of QOL in physiological, psychological, social relation, and environmental domains were 14.99   2.25, 14.25   2.12, 13.22   2.37, and 13.31   1.99 respectively. Except the total score of QOL and the score of environmental domain (p<0.05), the scores in other domains had no significant difference with the results of the national norm level. The multiple linear regression model identified the physical domain related factors to be age (b = -0.045), @entity1 count (b = 0.002), and ART adherence(b = 1.231). And it also showed that psychological domain related factors included @entity1 count (b = 0.002) and WHO clinical stage (b = -0.437); social domain related factors included WHO clinical stage (b = -0.704) and ART adherence (b = 1.177); while environmental domain related factors included WHO clinical stage (b = -0.538), educational status(b = 0.549) and ART adherence(b = 1.078).Those who are young, with higher level of education, higher @entity1 count and good access and adherence of ART, are likely to have better QOL among PLWHA in Zhejiang province. This suggests that in addition to ART, many other factors should be taken into consideration to improve the QOL of PLWHA. The relatively lower scores the subjects received in social relation and environmental domains also suggest that social relation and environmental interventions need to be strengthened.

title: Quality of Life of @entity0 Living with @entity2 / XXXX : A Cross-Sectional Study in Zhejiang Province, China.

answer: @entity3


abstract: AIM: To examine blood flow in renal and intrarenal arteries and its changes in the acute pharmacological test with @entity7 in @entity0 with chronic @entity4 (CGN). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Renal circulation was studied in 50 @entity0 with CGN using ultrasound dopplerography (USDG) of renal vessels on the unit GE Logiq 400 CL PRO Series. The velocity and indices of peripheral blood resistance in the major renal artery (RA) and in intrarenal arteries were estimated. In 26 @entity0 the blood flow was studied again after intake of 50 mg @entity7 . RESULTS: Poor renal blood flow was registered in cortical parenchyma in 36% CGN @entity0 (with @entity2 in 75%). Multifactorial regression analysis has demonstrated that only blood @entity5 was independently related with slowing down of the blood flow at the level of RA and intrarenal arteries. Morphological index of activity correlated with resistance indices while a high sclerosis index correlated with @entity3 . Older @entity0 had higher resistance indices. @entity7 significantly accelerated blood flow and insignificantly changed indices of peripheral resistance including those in @entity8 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: Poor blood flow in the cortical layer of @entity1 in CGN, according to USDG, occurs rather frequently and was associated with @entity8 and older age of the @entity0 . Blocking of renin-angiotensin system at the level of @entity6 formation improves renal blood flow in most of the @entity0 .

title: [Role of ultrasound dopplerography with acute @entity7 test in assessment of renal hemodynamics in chronic XXXX ].

answer: @entity4


abstract: The mechanisms of progression from @entity5 to @entity5 and @entity1 are not well elucidated. Hepatocellular apoptosis could be one of the key factors in the pathogenesis of @entity8 ( @entity8 ). @entity2 ( @entity2 ) protects liver cells from various toxins. We previously reported that @entity2 is critically important for the survival of hepatocytes due to its mitochondrial association. This study aims to investigate the relationship between @entity2 and hepatocellular apoptosis in vivo models of high-fat diet-induced @entity8 and in vitro models of @entity7 -induced @entity3 . @entity0 were fed a high-fat diet for 8, 12 and 16  weeks. Hepatic histological lesions, liver function and apoptosis were examined. @entity2 expression, in association with @entity6 and cytochrome c leakage, which are both indicators of cell apoptosis, was measured. Results showed that a high-fat diet altered liver function and histology in a manner resembling @entity8 . Hepatic protein and mRNA @entity2 expression was decreased as @entity8 progressed. Meanwhile, cell apoptosis increased as result of @entity6 activation and cytochrome c release, indicating that @entity2 might be involved in @entity8 pathogenesis. Furthermore, in @entity7 -induced @entity2 , over-expression of @entity2 decreased cells apoptosis. In contrast, repression of @entity2 expression by siRNA increased cell apoptosis. In conclusion, these data imply that cell apoptosis contributes to the pathogenesis of @entity8 , during which @entity2 expression is downregulated. Increasing @entity2 expression in hepatocytes may forestall cell apoptosis as result of @entity4 insult.

title: Increased hepatic apoptosis in high-fat diet-induced XXXX in @entity0 may be associated with downregulation of hepatic stimulator substance.

answer: @entity8


abstract: In @entity3 , the risk of complication rises with increasing size, and treatment can be obligatory. Here we present a case of a 46-year-old female who suffered from a @entity9 causing @entity2 and vena cava compression, leading to therapy refractory ascites, @entity8 and venostasis-associated @entity4 with @entity6 . The @entity0 did not experience @entity1 rupture or @entity5 . Surgical resection was impossible because of @entity7 of the non-affected liver. Orthotopic liver transplantation was identified as the only treatment option. The @entity0 's renal function remained stable even though progressive morbidity and organ allocation were improbable according to the @entity0 's lab model for @entity10 (labMELD) score. Therefore, non-standard exception status was approved by the European organ allocation network "Eurotransplant". The @entity0 underwent successful orthotopic liver transplantation 16 mo after admission to our centre. Our case report indicates the underrepresentation of morbidity associated with refractory ascites in the labMELD-based transplant allocation system, and it indicates the necessity of promptly applying for non-standard exception status to enable transplantation in @entity0 with a severe clinical condition but low labMELD score. Our case highlights the fact that liver transplantation should be considered early in @entity0 with non-resectable, symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Orthotopic liver transplantation for XXXX : A case report.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: The pre- and peri-natal drug exposures reported by @entity0 participating in a case-control study of @entity0 in Colorado were examined for association with @entity0 @entity1 . METHODS: Mothers of case and control @entity0 underwent a standardized telephone interview and obstetric and newborn medical record review. The interview included questions on the use of prescription and non-prescription drugs, nutritional supplements, recreational and drugs of abuse. The mother's obstetric record was abstracted for information about pharmacologic agents taken before and during the antepartum period. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant risk ratios associating @entity1 with prenatal exposure to @entity8 , @entity2 , or @entity4 . Mothers of four case @entity0 and one control @entity0 reported specific exposure to @entity3 . There were no statistically significant increases in the odds ratio (OR) for any suture type among @entity0 exposed to hypoxigenic agents, sympathomimetic or parasympatholytic agents, or metal-containing agents. The OR was 1.87 (lower bound of the two-sided 95% test-based confidence interval (CI): 1.08) among @entity0 with sagittal/lambdoid suture synostosis who were exposed to nitrosatable drugs @entity7 , @entity6 , and @entity5 compared to controls. CONCLUSIONS: Certain nitrosatable drugs may be associated with increased risk of @entity0 @entity1 . A possible mechanism related to ischaemia/reperfusion injury is suggested.

title: Maternal exposure to prescription and non-prescription pharmaceuticals or drugs of abuse and risk of XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity1 microenvironment is critical to @entity1 growth and therapy resistance. We previously characterized @entity0 ovarian @entity4 ( @entity4 ). @entity4 are multi-potent cells that can differentiate into @entity1 microenvironment components including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts and adipocytes. We previously reported @entity4 , compared to normal MSCs, express high levels of @entity5 proteins and promote @entity1 growth by increasing numbers of @entity1 stem-like cells (CSCs). We demonstrate here that @entity2 cell-secreted Hedgehog (HH) induces CA-MSC @entity6 expression. CA-MSC-derived @entity6 reciprocally increases @entity2 cell HH expression indicating a positive feedback loop. Interruption of this loop with a HH pathway inhibitor or @entity6 blocking antibody decreases CA-MSC-derived @entity6 and @entity1 -derived HH preventing enrichment of CSCs and reversing chemotherapy resistance. The impact of HH inhibition was only seen in CA-MSC-containing @entity1 , indicating the importance of a humanized stroma. These results are reciprocal to findings in pancreatic and @entity3 , suggesting HH signaling effects are @entity1 tissue specific warranting careful investigation in each @entity1 type. Collectively, we define a critical positive feedback loop between CA-MSC-derived @entity6 and @entity2 cell-secreted HH and present evidence for the further investigation of HH as a clinical target in @entity2 .

title: @entity0 @entity4 promote XXXX chemotherapy resistance via a @entity6 /HH signaling loop.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Transcutaneous @entity4 (TPVR) has become an alternative to heart surgery for @entity0 after previous right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) or pulmonary artery (PA) surgical interventions. The objective was to present immediate and long-term outcomes of transcutaneous @entity4 . METHODS: Between 06/2009 and 06/2016, 46 @entity0 underwent TPVR. Initial diagnoses included @entity2 , common arterial trunk, transposition of great arteries post Rastelli correction, left ventricle outflow obstruction after Ross operation, @entity6 , and isolated @entity5 . Thirty eight @entity0 (78%) had previously implanted conduits in the pulmonary position, the rest had either RVOT patch reconstruction (n = 6; 13%) or biological valve implantation (n = 2; 4%). They presented primarily with @entity5 (n = 18; 39%) or regurgitation (n = 28; 60%). RESULTS: All procedures were successful - 44 Melody and 2 Edwards-Sapien valves were implanted. Before each procedure exclusion of potential coronary compression and RVOT prestenting was performed. Significant RVOT systolic gradient reduction (from 35.3    19.5 to 13.5    7.1 mm Hg; p < 0.001) and decrease of right to left ventricle systolic pressure ratio from 0.58    0.18 to mean 0.37    0.1 (p < 0.001) was achieved. Also, in every @entity0 PA-RVOT competence was restored, with minor @entity3 in only a few @entity0 . Post procedure follow-up ranged from 2 to 86 (mean 35.2) months. Follow-up fluoroscopy or chest X- @entity7 revealed 6 stent @entity1 (2 stent defragmentation - with only one significant @entity5 ). CONCLUSIONS: TPVR is a safe procedure with encouraging results, it also enables deferring surgical reintervention in the majority of @entity0 .

title: Immediate and long-term outcomes of percutaneous XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: Regulatory sequences in higher genomes can map large distances from gene coding regions, and cannot yet be identified by simple inspection of primary DNA sequence information. Here we describe an efficient method of surveying large genomic regions for gene regulatory information, and subdividing complex sets of distant regulatory elements into smaller intervals for detailed study. The @entity1 @entity3 gene is expressed in a number of distinct embryonic locations that are involved in the patterning of skeletal and soft tissues. To identify sequences responsible for @entity3 regulation, we first isolated a series of overlapping bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) that extend varying distances upstream and downstream of the gene. A LacZ reporter cassette was integrated into the @entity3 transcription unit of each BAC using homologous recombination in bacteria. Each modified BAC was injected into fertilized @entity1 eggs, and founder transgenic embryos were analyzed for LacZ expression mid-gestation. The overlapping segments defined by the BAC clones revealed five separate regulatory regions that drive LacZ expression in 11 distinct anatomical locations. To further localize sequences that control expression in developing @entity2 , we created a series of BAC constructs with precise deletions across a putative joint-control region. This approach further narrowed the critical control region to an area containing several stretches of sequence that are highly conserved between @entity1 and @entity0 . A distant 2.9-kilobase fragment containing the highly conserved regions is able to direct very specific expression of a minimal promoter/LacZ reporter in proximal limb joints. These results demonstrate that even distant, complex regulatory sequences can be identified using a combination of BAC scanning, BAC deletion, and comparative sequencing approaches.

title: A general approach for identifying distant regulatory elements applied to the XXXX gene.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity0 endometrial stem cells (hEnSCs) are a new source of adult multipotent stem cells with the ability of differentiation into many cell lineages. Many stem cell sources are desirable for differentiation into Schwann cells. Schwann-like cells derived from hEnSCs may be one of the ideal alternative cell sources for Schwann cell generation. In this study, for differentiation of hEnSCs into Schwann cells, hEnSCs were induced with @entity2 /FSK/PDGF-AA/HRG as an induction medium for 14  days. The cells were cultured in a @entity3 ( @entity3 ) and fibrin gel matrix. The viability of cultured cells in the fibrin gel and @entity3 was analyzed with @entity5 ( @entity1 ) assay for 7  days. The attachment of cells was analyzed with SEM and @entity4 staining. The expression of S100 and P75 as Schwann cell markers was evaluated by immunocytochemistry and quantitative real-time PCR (RT-PCR). The evaluation of the @entity1 assay and gene expression showed that the survival rate and differentiation of hEnSCs into Schwann cells in the fibrin gel were better than those in the @entity3 group. These results suggest that @entity0 EnSCs can be differentiated into Schwann cells in the fibrin gel better than in the @entity3 , and the fibrin gel might provide a suitable three-dimensional (3D) scaffold for clinical applications for cell therapy of the nervous system.

title: Differentiation of XXXX Endometrial Stem Cells into Schwann Cells in Fibrin Hydrogel as 3D Culture.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The main first-line treatment strategy for @entity5 is to reduce intraocular pressure (IOP) by @entity3 medications, but many @entity0 require multiple medications for adequate IOP control. Fixed-combination therapies provide several benefits, including simplified treatment regimens, theoretical improved treatment adherence, elimination of the potential for washout of the first drug by the second, and the reduction in ocular exposure to preservatives. b-Adrenoceptor antagonists (particularly 0.5% @entity11 ) are the most commonly used agents in combination with other classes of drugs as fixed-combination eyedrops, but they are contraindicated in many @entity0 , owing to local @entity4 or systemic side effects. A fixed-combination preparation without a b-blocker is therefore warranted. This paper reviews the clinical effectiveness of @entity12 1% and @entity13 0.2% fixed combination (BBFC) for use in @entity0 with primary @entity7 and @entity10 . We searched PubMed and the ClinicalTrials.gov registry, and identified three randomized controlled trials comparing BBFC vs its constituents ( @entity13 vs @entity12 ), and one comparing BBFC with unfixed @entity13 and @entity12 . All of the studies demonstrated mean diurnal IOP to be statistically significantly lower in the BBFC group compared with constituent groups and noninferior to that with the concomitant group using two separate bottles. The safety profile of BBFC was consistent with that of its individual components, the most common ocular adverse events being @entity8 , @entity2 , and @entity1 . Common systemic adverse effects included @entity9 , oral dryness, @entity6 , somnolence, and decreased alertness. BBFC seems to be a promising new fixed combination for use in @entity5 @entity0 . However, long-term effects of BBFC on IOP, treatment adherence, and safety need to be determined.

title: Clinical effectiveness of XXXX 1%- @entity13 0.2% fixed combination for primary @entity7 and @entity10 .

answer: @entity12


abstract: BACKGROUND: Myocardial involvement occurs in about 20% of @entity0 with @entity2 . The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of conduction disturbances, their association with other manifestations of the disease. OBJECTIVE: Determine the prevalence of @entity1 in @entity0 with @entity2 attended in an institute in Mexico City and their relation with other manifestations of the disease. METHODS: One hundred thirteen @entity0 admitted to the Institute with a diagnosis of @entity2 were divided into those with conduction disturbances (n = 23) and those without (n = 90). Over a mean follow-up of 10.2 +/- 7.8 years, clinical course, treatment, duration of the disease, types of conduction disturbances and systemic alterations were examined. RESULTS: There was an overwhelming predominance of @entity0 in both groups. Conduction disturbances occurred in about 20% of the @entity0 with @entity2 and that was not possible to find significant differences in the outcome of them. As could be expected a significant difference between the two groups was QRS axis, related to anterior hemiblock, the most common conduction alteration observed. During the follow-up one @entity0 death in-group A, but none in group B. CONCLUSION: Conduction disturbances were present in 20%; in agree with other authors in the literature. However, did not participate in the outcome of the disease.

title: @entity1 in XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e21174 Background: Personalized medicine has become increasingly important in the management of oncology @entity0 . Traditional approaches require a large numbers of unselected @entity0 to enroll on clinical studies with empirically derived therapies. Newer approaches include analysis of @entity2 specimens to determine potential predictive and prognostic clinical biomarkers. Recently, a study by Von Hoff and colleagues utilized a molecular analysis of freshly biopsied @entity2 to determine gene array profile along with immunohistochemical staining in effort to generate potential targets for therapeutic intervention. This approach led to 28% of the study @entity0 achieving a 33% increase in progression free survival. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) occur in only one out of one million @entity0 and many @entity0 have @entity1 at the time of diagnosis (1). The rarity of this disease makes it difficult to study and with few treatment options the prognosis is poor (5). The standard management of this disease is largely surgical, with a role for adjuvant mitotane post-operatively, and palliative chemotherapy in the case of @entity1 (9). METHODS: Six consecutive unselected @entity0 at UCLA Medical Center were chosen for this study. The @entity0 had surgery at UCLA and had a portion of their @entity2 fresh frozen and sent CARIS MPI where molecular analysis was performed. A gene microarray profile that focused on 81 genes, potentially important in oncogenesis and oncomaintenance, was run as well as immunohistochemistry staining of 50 proteins important in cell growth and division. Genetic data were categorized, qualitatively reviewed, and attempts at correlations were made. RESULTS: The microarray data provided some consistencies across the @entity0 . All the @entity0 were found to overexpress DNA associated molecules such as; @entity7 , @entity8 , @entity10 , and @entity9 also found to be underexpressed were molecules involved in signaling pathways such as; @entity4 and @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: While many @entity2 have known @entity3 contributing to their molecular phenotype @entity6 has yet to have any clearly defined molecular defect. This brief molecular study and clinical description of six @entity6 @entity0 illustrates the heterogeneity of this disease.

title: Molecular analysis of @entity6 ( XXXX ) @entity2 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 ( @entity1 ) represents an important nutrition source for high-risk newborns. Holder pasteurization (HoP) is the most recommended procedure for @entity1 treatment, providing a good compromise between microbiological safety and biological quality. HoP was previously shown to affect @entity1 cytokines, growth factors and hormones levels, whilst no data concerning the possible effects of HoP on neurobiomarkers (NB) are available. Therefore, our study investigated whether the concentration in @entity1 of a well-known NB involved in brain development/damage, namely @entity2 , changes due to HoP. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a pretest-test study in 11 mothers, whose @entity1 samples were sub-divided into two parts: the first was immediately frozen (-80  C); the second was pasteurized with Holder method before freezing. @entity2 @entity1 levels were measured using a commercially available immunoluminometric assay. RESULTS: @entity2 protein was detected in all milk samples. Results showed significant differences between groups (P   <   0.05) in @entity2 levels after HoP. CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide evidence that @entity2 is present in preterm milk as well as in term milk during maturation degree. Moreover, the results confirm the susceptibility of this neurotrophic factor to pasteurization stresses and the need to develop new storage techniques to preserve the biological quality of @entity0 milk.

title: Holder Pasteurization affects @entity2 Concentrations in XXXX Milk.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used to develop predictive tools to enable the clinical decision-making process. This study aimed to investigate the use of an ANN in predicting the outcomes from enhanced recovery after @entity2 surgery. METHODS: Data were obtained from consecutive @entity2 @entity0 undergoing laparoscopic surgery within the enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) program between 2002 and 2009 in a single center. The primary outcomes assessed were delayed discharge and readmission within a 30-day period. The data were analyzed using a multilayered perceptron neural network (MLPNN), and a prediction tools were created for each outcome. The results were compared with a conventional statistical method using logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: A total of 275 @entity1 @entity0 were included in the study. The median length of stay was 6  days (range 2-49  days) with 67 @entity0 (24.4  %) staying longer than 7  days. Thirty-four @entity0 (12.5  %) were readmitted within 30  days. Important factors predicting delayed discharge were related to failure in compliance with ERAS, particularly with the postoperative elements in the first 48  h. The MLPNN for delayed discharge had an area under a receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) of 0.817, compared with an AUROC of 0.807 for the predictive tool developed from logistic regression analysis. Factors predicting 30-day readmission included overall compliance with the ERAS pathway and receiving neoadjuvant treatment for @entity1 . The MLPNN for readmission had an AUROC of 0.68. CONCLUSIONS: These results may plausibly suggest that ANN can be used to develop reliable outcome predictive tools in multifactorial intervention such as ERAS. Compliance with ERAS can reliably predict both delayed discharge and 30-day readmission following laparoscopic @entity2 surgery.

title: The use of artificial neural networks to predict delayed discharge and readmission in enhanced recovery following laparoscopic XXXX surgery.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: No previous meta-analysis was to report the association between the @entity3 ( @entity3 ) XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms and serum lipids in Chinese. We performed the study to investigate their potentially association. METHODS AND RESULTS: Studies in English and Chinese were found via a systematic search of Pubmed, Embase, CNKI and Wanfang databases. The dominant genetic model and random-effects model were used to pool data from individual studies. As a result, a total of 30 articles with 5611 subjects for XbaI and 2653 subjects for EcoRI were included in the current study. For the XbaI polymorphism, overall, subjects carrying X+ allele were significantly associated with higher TC,TG and LDL compared with X-X- genotype (Pvalue =0.0006, OR (95 %) = -0.55 (-0.86,-0.23); Pvalue = 0.0004, OR (95 %) = -0.30 (-0.47,-0.14); (Pvalue = 0.05, OR (95 %) = -0.23(-0.46,-0.00), respectively). Similar results were observed in the subgroups of Han, healthy individuals (HT), @entity0 ( @entity0 ), @entity1 ( @entity1 ), and @entity4 . For HDL, positive association between X+ allele with Lower lipid value was found in @entity0 and @entity1 subgroups. For EcoRI polymorphism, overall, the E- allele carriers were found to be obviously linked with elevated LDL and lower HDL compared with E + E+ genotype (Pvalue = 0.02,OR (95 %) = -0.27 (-0.49,-0.05); Pvalue = 0.01, OR (95 %) = 0.17 (0.03, 0.30), respectively). TC was significantly high in subjects carrying E- allele in the subgroup of @entity2 . No evidence of publication bias was observed. CONCLUSIONS: The two genetic variants of @entity3 may be associated with serum lipids in Chinese.

title: Association between the XXXX XbaI and EcoRI polymorphisms and lipids in Chinese: a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity3


abstract: UNASSIGNED: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been suggested to play critical roles in skeletal muscle in response to exercise. Previous study has shown that @entity6 was involved in a novel model regulating the mitochondrial network. However, its role in mitochondrial biogenesis remains poorly understood. Therefore, the current study was aimed to examine the effect of @entity6 on mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle. Real-time quantitative PCR analysis demonstrated that aberrantly expressed @entity6 is involved in exercise activity and @entity6 is decreased by exercise training compared with the sedentary control @entity0 . @entity6 suppresses mitochondrial biogenesis of C2C12 myocytes by targeting the 3'-UTR of @entity3 ( @entity2 ). Overexpression of @entity6 was capable of inhibiting the protein expression levels of @entity2 . Moreover, @entity6 overexpression suppressed the @entity1 MAPK signaling pathway and down-regulated the expression of phosphorylated @entity4 (P-MK2), a downstream kinase of @entity1 . The phosphorylation of @entity5 ( @entity5 ) that plays a functional role in linking the activation of the @entity1 pathway to enhanced transcription of the @entity2 was also inhibited by the overexpression of @entity6 . These findings revealed a novel regulation mechanism for @entity6 in skeletal myocytes, and contributed to a better understanding of the modulation of skeletal muscle in response to exercise.

title: MicroRNA-761 regulates mitochondrial biogenesis in XXXX skeletal muscle in response to exercise.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infection is a complication of TRUS prostate biopsy, despite the use of antimicrobial prophylaxis. Worryingly the rate of @entity1 following TRUS biopsy has been shown to be increasing. We aimed to determine the rate, severity, risk factors, standard patterns of care and microbiology resistance profiles associated with TRUS biopsy @entity3 . METHODS: A retrospective case-control study was conducted. Using electronic coding all @entity0 who presented to Cabrini Hospital with @entity3 following a TRUS biopsy from 2009 to 2013 were identified. Validated cases were matched to controls in a ratio of 1:3. Eligible controls were required to have undergone a TRUS biopsy at the same surgical institution as the case and in the closest period of time. Demographic, procedural and @entity0 related data-points were recorded for all @entity0 using hospital and urologist records. Univariate logistic regression models were constructed and used to determine risk factors associated with @entity2 . RESULTS: 71 cases developed @entity3 following TRUS biopsy and were matched to 213 controls. The average rate of @entity3 over the 5-year study period was 1.5  %. A SOFA score   >=    2 was identified in 28  % of cases. We found a high prevalence of antimicrobial resistant @entity4 , with 61  % of blood culture isolates classified as Multidrug resistant organisms. Eight different prophylactic antimicrobial regimens were identified with 33  % of cases receiving ineffective antimicrobial prophylaxis. Statistically significant risk factors included previous antimicrobial use and prior international travel within the six months prior to biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: TRUS biopsy is an elective procedure and as such needs to be associated with minimal morbidity. The patterns of care surrounding periprocedural variables for TRUS biopsies were non-uniform and diverse. A wide variety of different prophylaxis regimens and bowel preparation routines were recorded. @entity0 with risk factors for @entity3 may represent a better target population for intervention with alternative preventative strategies. Alternative preventative options include augmented prophylaxis, tailored prophylaxis or the TP biopsy approach either as a first line biopsy modality or based on epidemiological risk factors.

title: Risk factors for XXXX following prostate biopsy - a case control study.

answer: @entity2


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity14 is a @entity13 inhibitor with significant preclinical activity in @entity12 ( @entity12 ) cells. This phase 2 study used a two-stage Simon design to determine the @entity14 response rate in @entity0 with relapsed or refractory @entity12 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity14 (75 mg) was administered orally, twice a day, continuously for 28-day cycles. Response was evaluated after 3 cycles. RESULTS: Thirty-six @entity0 received therapy. The median age was 65 years (range: 43-81) and the median number of prior therapies was 5 (range: 2-11). The most common grade 3 and 4 @entity2 included @entity6 , @entity11 , @entity8 , @entity4 , and @entity9 . Three @entity3 occurred possibly related to @entity14 (2 due to @entity5 , 1 due to @entity7 ). After @entity14 discontinuation, 3 additional @entity3 occurred due to disease progression. The response rate (CR + PR) was 5.6% with a mean duration of response of 4.95 months and median progression-free survival time of 3.52 months. One @entity0 had a very good partial response (VGPR), 1 @entity0 had a partial response, 17 @entity0 had stable disease, 13 @entity0 had @entity1 @entity0 could not be assessed for response. Pharmacodynamic studies revealed variable effects on bone marrow CD138+ cell @entity13 and @entity10 phosphorylation. The best clinical response, a prolonged VGPR, occurred in a @entity0 with an @entity15 translocation. CONCLUSIONS: Single-agent @entity14 was tolerable and had minimal activity in this heavily pre-treated population.

title: A Phase 2 Trial of XXXX ( @entity14 , @entity14 ), an Oral @entity13 Inhibitor, in Relapsed/Refractory @entity12 .

answer: @entity14


abstract: This article reports on the application of organically modified @entity4 (ORMOSIL) nanoparticles as a nonviral vector for efficient in vivo gene delivery. Highly monodispersed, stable aqueous suspension of nanoparticles, surface-functionalized with @entity2 groups for binding of DNA, were prepared and characterized. Stereotaxic injections of nanoparticles, complexed with plasmid DNA encoding for EGFP, into the @entity0 ventral midbrain and into lateral ventricle, allowed us to fluorescently visualize the extensive transfection of neuronal-like cells in substantia nigra and areas surrounding the lateral ventricle. No ORMOSIL-based @entity1 was observed 4 weeks after transfection. The efficiency of transfection equaled or exceeded that obtained in studies using a viral vector. An in vivo optical imaging technique (a fiber-based confocal fluorescent imaging system) provided an effective means to show the retention of viability of the transfected cells. The ORMOSIL-mediated transfections also were used to manipulate the biology of the neural stem/progenitor cells in vivo. Transfection of a plasmid expressing the nucleus-targeting fibroblast growth factor receptor type 1 resulted in significant inhibition of the in vivo incorporation of @entity3 into the DNA of the cells in the subventricular zone and the adjacent rostral migratory stream. This in vivo approach shows that the nuclear receptor can control the proliferation of the stem/progenitor cells in this region of the brain. The results of this nanomedicine approach using ORMOSIL nanoparticles as a nonviral gene delivery platform have a promising future direction for effective therapeutic manipulation of the neural stem/progenitor cells as well as in vivo targeted brain therapy.

title: Organically modified XXXX nanoparticles: a nonviral vector for in vivo gene delivery and expression in the brain.

answer: @entity4


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although the global incidence of @entity3 )-associated @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is increasing, there is little information on southern Chinese population available. METHODS: We analyzed 207 @entity0 which constituted 63.5% of all newly diagnosed @entity2 in Hong Kong during a 5-year period from 2005 to 2009. RESULTS: We used E6/7 mRNA as a marker of oncogenic involvement and found 20.8% (43/207) of @entity2 and 29.0% (36/124) of tonsillar SCC was associated with HPV. @entity4 was identified in all cases except one (HPV-18). @entity0 with HPV-associated OPSCCs were significantly younger than HPV-negative @entity0 (mean age: 59.8 vs. 63.9 years, P = 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that HPV-associated @entity2 was more likely to occur in nonsmokers (39.5% vs. 15.1%, OR: 2.89, P = 0.05), nondrinkers (52.5% vs. 25.6%, OR: 2.72, P = 0.04), originate from the palatine tonsils (83.7% vs. 53.7%, OR: 3.88, P = 0.01), present with an early @entity1 (T1/2; 79.1% vs. 47.6%, OR: 3.81, P = 0.004), and exhibit basaloid differentiation (33.3% vs. 7.3%, OR: 19.74, P = 0.006). HPV positivity was an independent predictor for better prognosis for both 5-year overall and 5-year disease-specific survivals (DSS; 63.0% vs. 29.7%, HR: 0.33, P < 0.001, and 87.8% vs. 42.6%, HR: 0.16, P < 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION: The estimated age-standardized incidence of @entity2 in Hong Kong during the period 2005-2009 was 0.12/100,000/year. IMPACT: This study has provided the most comprehensive clinical and pathologic information to date about this newly recognized disease in southern Chinese. In view of the global trend, we should anticipate and prepare for an increase in HPV-related @entity2 in southern China. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(1); 1-9.   2015 AACR.

title: Prevalence, Clinicopathological Characteristics, and Outcome of @entity3 -Associated XXXX in Southern Chinese @entity0 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: PURPOSE: We assessed the effect of intraoperative @entity4 infiltration into the neurovascular bundle of the prostatic nerve on @entity2 and @entity0 outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study included 40 American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I to III @entity0 undergoing transvesical prostatectomy. Following surgical resection of the prostate the neurovascular bundle of the prostatic nerve was infiltrated with either 10 ml. @entity4 0.5% or saline. @entity2 intensity was assessed using a @entity0 generated 100 mm. visual analog scale and a @entity0 controlled analgesia device. Additional analgesic requirements, time to ambulation, length of hospitalization and return to normal activity were also recorded. RESULTS: There were no differences in visual analog scale for @entity1 , @entity0 controlled analgesia demands or actual @entity3 delivered. Similarly, saline versus @entity4 infiltration did not influence ambulation time (21.3 +/- 2.7 versus 25.0 +/- 11.8 hours, respectively), length of hospitalization (7.06 +/- 0.8 versus 7.11 +/- 0.6 days, respectively), return to normal activity (14.4 +/- 8.8 versus 14.2 +/- 8.2 days, respectively) or @entity0 satisfaction. On postoperative days 1 and 2 more @entity0 in the saline treatment group requested additional oral analgesia compared to the @entity4 treatment group. However, no statistical difference was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS: Following transvesical prostatectomy, prostatic nerve blockade has no beneficial effects on @entity2 or @entity0 outcome.

title: @entity4 infiltration into the neurovascular bundle of the prostatic nerve does not improve XXXX or recovery following transvesical prostatectomy.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate if antim  llerian hormone ( @entity2 ) is associated with @entity3 . DESIGN: Prospective cohort study within a block-randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of low-dose @entity1 . SETTING: Not applicable. @entity0 (S): @entity0 (n = 1,228) were of ages 18-40  years with a history of one to two pregnancy losses and were actively attempting pregnancy without fertility treatment. INTERVENTION(S): Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): @entity3 . RESULT(S): Relative risks (and 95% confidence interval [CIs]) of @entity0 chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)-detected and clinical @entity3 were assessed with the use of log binomial models with robust variance and inverse probability weights adjusted for age, race, body mass index, income, trial treatment assignment, parity, number of previous losses, and time since most recent loss. @entity2 levels were defined as: low (<1.00  ng/mL; n = 124), normal (referent; 1.00-3.5  ng/mL; n = 595), and high (>3.5  ng/mL; n = 483). Of the 1,202 @entity0 with baseline @entity2 data, 19 (17.3%) with low @entity2 experienced a clinical loss, compared with 61 (11.4%) with normal @entity2 and 50 (11.8%) with high @entity2 levels. Low or high @entity2 levels, compared with normal @entity2 , were not associated with clinical loss. Results for hCG-detected @entity3 mirrored those of clinical loss. CONCLUSION(S): @entity2 values were not associated with hCG-detected or clinical @entity3 in unassisted conceptions in @entity0 with a history of one to two previous losses. Our data do not support routine @entity2 testing for prediction of @entity3 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT00467363.

title: Antim  llerian hormone and XXXX from the Effects of @entity1 in Gestation and Reproduction trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1 have been increasing in the United States and worldwide. We studied medical examiner @entity2 death autopsy (MEADA) records for the state of Maryland, compared selected characteristics with state and national total @entity2 deaths (TADs), and comprehensively reviewed relevant literature to define characteristics of @entity2 deaths and to provide insight for the design of future preventive strategies directed at this subgroup. DESIGN: Protocols for autopsy and clinical data. SETTING: The Office of the Chief Medical Examiner of the State of Maryland. SUBJECTS: All MEADAs in the state of Maryland from 1988 through 1992. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Descriptive analysis. RESULTS: Maryland MEADAs (63 cases) represented 16.62% of Maryland TADs (379 cases). Most common characteristics of individuals on whom autopsies were performed: inner-city residence; single; black male; 15 to 54 years old; history of @entity2 ; no other significant medical condition; fatal episode more likely to begin at home; pronounced dead at hospital; time of death between midnight and 6 AM; no particular seasonality; and typical gross and/or microscopic pathology. Analysis also revealed that 17.46% of deceased @entity2 @entity0 had a history of @entity3 ; 12.69% had positive toxicology for drugs of abuse; 9.52% were @entity0 and young @entity0 up to 4 years old, all of whom were found, unresponsive, at home; and white females comprised the highest number of TADs but the lowest number of MEADAs. CONCLUSION: Asthma education programs focused on asthmatic inner-city black males, especially those with a history of @entity3 , and on parents of inner-city asthmatic @entity0 and @entity0 may be a useful preventive strategy. International, national, and regional MEADA databases may also be of use in the design and monitoring of preventive strategies directed at this subgroup.

title: Medical examiner @entity2 death autopsies: a distinct subgroup of XXXX deaths with implications for public health preventive strategies.

answer: @entity2


abstract: @entity0 -transfer reactions are an important class of reactions in many chemical and biological processes. Barrier heights of @entity1 -transfer reactions are underestimated significantly by popular exchange-correlation functional with density functional theory (DFT), while coupled-cluster (CC) method is quite expensive and can be applied only to rather small systems. Quantum Monte-Carlo method can usually provide reliable results for large systems. Performance of fixed-node diffusion quantum Monte-Carlo method (FN-DMC) on barrier heights of the 19 @entity1 -transfer reactions in the HTBH38/08 database is investigated in this study with the trial wavefunctions of the single-Slater-Jastrow form and orbitals from DFT using local density approximation. Our results show that barrier heights of these reactions can be calculated rather accurately using FN-DMC and the mean absolute error is 1.0  kcal/mol in all-electron calculations. Introduction of pseudopotentials (PP) in FN-DMC calculations improves efficiency pronouncedly. According to our results, error of the employed PPs is smaller than that of the present CCSD(T) and FN-DMC calculations. FN- @entity2 using PPs can thus be applied to investigate @entity1 -transfer reactions involving larger molecules reliably. In addition, bond dissociation energies of the involved molecules using FN-DMC are in excellent agreement with reference values and they are even better than results of the employed CCSD(T) calculations using the aug-cc-pVQZ basis set.    2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Barrier heights of XXXX -transfer reactions with diffusion quantum monte carlo method.

answer: @entity0