abstract: BACKGROUND: It is observed that combined liver and colon surgery especially when this includes major liver resection with Pringle maneuver (PM) performance does not have a favorable outcome. Aim of our experimental study is to investigate the impact of portal triad occlusion on the large bowel and @entity0 and potent protective effects of the variants of (PM) in the combined surgical cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four @entity1 were divided into four groups. In group A (control group), 1cm of the left partial colon was resected and then an end-to-end @entity4 was performed. In group B, a continuous PM for 30 minutes was performed followed by resection of 1cm of the left colon and an end-to-end @entity4 . In group C, the left colonic resection and @entity4 was performed after intermittent PM (IPM), which was 10 minutes PM followed by 5 minutes reperfusion repeated for three circles. In group D, an @entity2 preconditioning for 10 minutes was initially performed followed by 5 minutes reperfusion and then continuous PM for 30 minutes. Finally the @entity1 in group D underwent a 1cm left colonic resection and an end-to-end @entity4 . RESULTS: The percentage of @entity6 was higher in the B group (P = 0,19). The percentage of @entity0 was not significantly higher even when we compared all "occlusion" groups (B+C+D) with the sham group. No evidence of @entity5 was found in the sham group whereas amylase and @entity7 levels were higher in Groups B, C and D together (P = 0,0267). The comparison of group A to group B showed a significant difference (P = 0,0014) caused by continuous PM for 30 minutes, but there was no such result after IPM. CONCLUSIONS: Major liver resections are performed with PM in order to minimize intra-operative @entity3 . In the combined cases of colon surgery and major liver resections where PM is needed our results showed that IPM presents with better outcome and could be preferred compared with the other PM variants.

title: Variable Pringle Maneuvers and Effect on Intestinal Epithelium in @entity1 . A Pilot Experimental Study in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: The modulation of the firing discharge of medial septal neurons and of the hippocampal electroencephalogram (EEG) mediated by actions on alpha2-adrenoreceptors (ARs) was investigated in awake @entity0 . Bilateral i.c.v. infusion of a relatively low dose (0.5 microg) of the alpha2-AR agonist @entity2 produced a reduction in the theta rhythmicity of both medial septal neurons and the hippocampal EEG. In contrast, a high dose of @entity2 (5 microg) increased the percentage and degree of rhythmicity of theta bursting medial septal neurons as well as the theta power of the hippocampal EEG. On the other hand, administration of alpha2-AR antagonist @entity3 produced the opposite dose-dependent effect. While a low dose of the antagonist (20 microg) produced an increase in both the theta rhythmicity of medial septal neurons and the theta power of the hippocampal EEG, a high dose (100 microg) caused a reduction of theta rhythmicity in both the medial septum and hippocampus. These results suggest that low doses of alpha2-ARs agents may act at autoreceptors regulating the synaptic release of @entity1 , while high doses of alpha2-ARs drugs may have a predominant postsynaptic action. Similar results were observed after local injection of the alpha2-AR drugs into the medial septum suggesting that the effects induced by the i.c.v. infusion were primarily mediated at the medial septal level. We suggest that noradrenergic transmission via the postsynaptic alpha2-ARs produces fast and strong activation of the septohippocampal system in situations that require urgent selective attention to functionally significant information (alert, aware), whereas the action via the presynaptic alpha2-ARs allows a quick return of the activity to the initial level.

title: Modulation of theta rhythmicity in the medial septal neurons and the hippocampal electroencephalogram in the awake XXXX via actions at noradrenergic alpha2-receptors.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: To compare the effectiveness of intraoperative three-dimensional (3D) image and conventional two-dimensional (2D) fluoroscopic images, which are used in the treatment of acute calcaneal @entity1 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 40 @entity0 who suffered calcaneal @entity1 and underwent surgery at Inje University Busan Paik Hospital. The @entity0 were divided into two groups. Only 2D fluoroscopy was used to evaluate 20 @entity0 of group 1. On the other hand, 3D fluoroscopy was performed on the remaining 20 @entity0 of group 2; 3D fluoroscopy was performed on these @entity0 after they were extensively evaluated by 2D fluoroscopy during surgery. We reviewed the radiographic and clinical outcomes of these @entity0 , whose average follow-up period was 42.6 months. RESULTS: In group 2, 3D fluoroscopy detected four cases (20%) of articular incongruence and screw misplacement. All these complicated cases were corrected during surgery. At the final follow-up session, the mean American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) hind foot score was 78.3 (range, 65 to 95) in group 1 and 82.3 (range, 68 to 95) in group 2. CONCLUSIONS: Intraoperative 3D imaging of calcaneal @entity1 is considered to be useful in evaluating the congruence of joints and the placement of implants.

title: Intraoperative Three-Dimensional Imaging in Calcaneal XXXX Treatment.

answer: @entity1


abstract: We investigated the feasibility of contrast enhanced (CE)-dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the detection of @entity4 induced hypoperfusion in an experimental @entity0 model. Adult @entity0 were subjected to unilateral @entity4 of 360 or 720 degrees. After 1 h, the tail veins of the anaesthetized @entity0 were cannulated and T2 -, diffusion-weighted and T1-weighted CE-dynamic MRI were subsequently performed by a 1.5 T MRI scanner. On apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) images, the region of interest values of the ischaemic and control testes was compared. From CE-dynamic MR images, the maximal slopes of contrast enhancement were calculated and compared. In @entity4 of 360 degrees, the maximal slope of contrast enhancement was 0.072%/s vs. 0.47%/s in the contralateral control @entity2 (p < 0.001). A torsion of 720 degrees diminished the slope of contrast enhancement to 0.046%/s vs. 0.37%/s in the contralateral @entity2 (p < 0.001). Diminished blood flow during torsion also followed in decreased ADC values in both 360 degrees (12.4% decrease; p < 0.05) and 720 degrees (10.8% decrease; p < 0.001) of torsion. Torsion of the @entity2 causes @entity1 and decreased @entity3 uptake in a @entity0 model that can be easily detected and quantified by CE-dynamic MRI. In diffusion-weighted MRI images, acute hypoperfusion results in a slight decrease of ADC values. Our results suggest that CE-dynamic MRI in combination with diffusion-weighted MRI can be used to detect compromised blood flow due to acute @entity4 .

title: Magnetic resonance imaging of experimental XXXX .

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: In order to study the effect of concentrates restriction on feed consumption, diet digestibility, and utilization of @entity3 in captive @entity4 ( @entity4 ), two feeding trials were conducted on three juveniles, four sub-adults, and three adults. During trial I, the conventional zoo diets of juveniles, sub-adults, and adult contained 22, 17, and 16% of concentrates on @entity1 ( @entity1 ) basis, respectively. During trial II, the amount of concentrate was reduced by 50%. A digestion trial of five days collection period was conducted during each period. The animals ate more roughages when concentrates were restricted. Intake of @entity1 (g/kg BW(0.75) /day) was highest in sub-adults, followed by juveniles and adults. Apparent digestibility of @entity2 ( @entity2 ), neutral detergent soluble (NDS), and supply of digestible energy (DE) was highest in juveniles, followed by sub-adults and adults. Based upon the estimated metabolic fecal @entity3 (MFN) and calculated endogenous urinary @entity3 (EUN) and dermal losses, minimum dietary @entity2 required to meet maintenance requirement was estimated to be 6.12, 6.05, and 5.97% in juveniles, sub-adults, and adults, respectively. Restriction of concentrates resulted in decreased (P   <   0.05) digestibility of @entity1 and GE, but the diet still supplied adequate amounts of DE and @entity2 to fulfill estimated requirements of energy and protein during the period of experimentation. Thus, the concentrates portion of the diets of captive @entity4 should be fed in a restricted way so as to reduce the intake of excessive calories and the potential risk of @entity0 . Zoo Biol. 9999:1-11, 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Effect of concentrates restriction on feed consumption, diet digestibility, and XXXX utilization in captive @entity4 ( @entity4 ).

answer: @entity3


abstract: The continuous use of @entity6 can result in the development of drug resistance. @entity7 -resistant clinical isolates, spontaneous and induced mutants of @entity0 have been documented. The azoles block the @entity9 biosynthesis pathway by inhibiting the enzyme 14-alpha-demethylase, product of the CYP51. Fungal @entity7 resistance involves both @entity2 changes in the target site that alter drug-target interactions and those that decrease net @entity7 accumulation. The reduced intracellular accumulation has also been correlated with overexpression of multidrug resistance (MDR) efflux transporter genes of the @entity3 -binding cassette (ABC) and the @entity5 ( @entity5 ) classes. About 20 genes are involved in the A. fumigatus @entity9 biosynthesis pathway. There are several duplicated genes in this pathway. Interestingly, erg3 and erg11 showed two copies in A. fumigatus. In general, @entity0 spp. have proportionally more @entity5 transporter encoding genes than @entity1 , @entity8 , and @entity4 . The drug H+ (12 and 14 spanners) sub-families are also proportionally greater than in the other species. Although the numbers of ABC transporter encoding genes are comparable, again the @entity0 spp. have more ABC transporters related to multidrug permease than the other fungal species.

title: The @entity9 biosynthesis pathway, transporter genes, and @entity7 resistance in XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: @entity1 is a complicated multistep process that involves interactions between @entity2 cells and their surrounding microenvironments. Previously, we have established a series of lung @entity4 cell lines with varying degrees of invasiveness. Tracheal graft assay confirmed that cell lines with higher in vitro invasiveness had greater in vivo invasive potential. In this study, we used these model cell lines to identify invasion-associated genes using cDNA microarray with colorimetric detection. A more invasive subline, CL 1-5-F 4, derived from metastatic @entity0 of severe combined immunodeficient @entity3 inoculated with CL 1-5 cells, was combined with CL 1-0, CL 1-1, and CL 1-5 in cDNA microarray screening. cDNA microarray membranes, each containing 9600 nonredundant expressed sequence tag clones, were used to identify differentially expressed genes in these cell lines. For statistical analysis, self-organizing map algorithm was performed to identify the expression patterns. Positive correlation between gene expression levels and cell line invasiveness was found in 2.9% of the 9600 putative genes. On the other hand, negative correlation was found in 3.3% of the genes. The trends of expression of some of the genes were also confirmed by Northern hybridization and flow cytometry. Our data demonstrated that genes related to cell adhesion, motility, angiogenesis, signal transduction, and some other expressed sequence tag genes may play significant roles in the @entity1 process. These results substantiate the model system with which one can identify invasion-associated genes by using cDNA microarray and @entity2 cell lines of different invasiveness. This technique may allow us to explore complex interactions between multiple genes that orchestrate the process of @entity2 @entity1 .

title: Global analysis of gene expression in invasion by a XXXX model.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Up to 30% @entity2 @entity0 suffer recurrence within 5 years of curative surgery. We sought to improve existing protein-coding gene and microRNA expression prognostic classifiers by incorporating epigenetic biomarkers. METHODS: Genome-wide screening of DNA methylation and pyrosequencing analysis of @entity8 promoter methylation were performed in two independently collected cohorts of @entity1 . The prognostic value of @entity8 promoter methylation alone and in combination with mRNA and miRNA biomarkers was assessed by Cox regression and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in both cohorts. RESULTS: Promoters of genes marked by polycomb in embryonic stem cells were methylated de novo in @entity2 and identified @entity0 with poor prognosis. The @entity8 locus was methylated de novo in stage I @entity2 (p < 0.0005). High @entity8 promoter methylation was associated with worse @entity2 -specific survival (hazard ratio [HR], 2.6; p = 0.02) and recurrence-free survival (HR, 3.0; p = 0.01), and identified high-risk @entity0 in stratified analysis of stages IA and IB. Four protein-coding gene ( @entity6 , @entity3 , @entity4 , and @entity7 ), @entity5 expression, and @entity8 promoter methylation were each independently associated with outcome (HR, 2.8; p = 0.002; HR, 2.3; p = 0.01; and HR, 2.4; p = 0.005, respectively), and when combined, identified high-risk, therapy naive, stage I @entity0 (HR, 10.2; p = 3   *   10). All associations were confirmed in two independently collected cohorts. CONCLUSION: A prognostic classifier comprising three types of genomic and epigenomic data may help guide the postoperative management of @entity2 @entity0 at high risk of recurrence.

title: An Integrated Prognostic Classifier for XXXX Based on mRNA, microRNA, and DNA Methylation Biomarkers.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Yukyung karne (YK) is a traditional Tibetan formulation used for many centuries for the treatment of @entity3 . However, the pharmacological basis of its anticancer property is not well understood. In the present study, the anticancer property of YK was investigated in cell culture. METHODS: The growth inhibitory property of YK was evaluated in SKOV6, IHH, HepG2 and HEK293 cell lines using @entity4 assay. The pro-apoptotic activity of drug was analyzed by terminal deoxynuleotidyl transferase @entity8 nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA fragmentation assays. Confocal microscopy was used to show the release of @entity10 and its co-localization with mitochondria with the help of dsRed mitotracker in SKOV6 cells. The inhibition in cell proliferation was also visualized by confocal microscopy after @entity7 incorporation. The activation of @entity1 suppressor @entity5 was evaluated by Western blotting while @entity2 levels in culture supernatant were measured by a colorimetric method. RESULTS: YK specifically and efficiently induced apoptotic killing of the @entity0 @entity3 SKOV6 cells as indicated by increased DNA fragmentation and nick end DNA labeling. Confocal microscopy suggested inhibition of cell proliferation and increase in @entity10 release via perturbation in mitochondrial membrane potential (    m). Further, YK up-regulated the expression of @entity1 suppressor @entity5 and key cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor @entity9 , and inhibited @entity2 secretion by cells. Interestingly, YK also exhibited a synergy with @entity6 which is a well-known anti- @entity1 therapeutic drug. CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacological properties of YK to impose growth arrest and trigger pro-apoptotic death in cells amply justify its usage in primary as well as adjunct therapy for @entity3 .

title: Molecular insights into the anti- XXXX properties of traditional Tibetan medicine Yukyung Karne.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Introduction of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) has dramatically changed the management of locally advanced @entity0 (LABC). However, very few randomized trials of NACT have been carried out specifically in LABC @entity1 in our country. In this retrospective analysis, we presented our experience with NACT in LABC @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Medical records of 148 @entity1 of stage III LABC @entity1 treated with NACT, followed by surgery and radiotherapy from January 2006 to December 2010 were reviewed. Clinical and pathological responses to different chemotherapy regimens were assessed according to World Health Organization criteria. Various factors influencing response to NACT and clinical outcome were identified and analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 90 (60.8%) @entity1 received @entity5 -based chemotherapy and 52 (35.1%) @entity1 received mixed @entity5 and @entity4 -based chemotherapy.119 @entity1 (80.4%) responded to NACT either in the form of complete or partial response (PR). Complete response was seen in 27 (18.2%) @entity1 and 92 (62.2%) @entity1 showed PR after NACT. Pathological complete response was seen in 24 (16.2%) @entity1 -. At a median follow-up period of 44 months 36 @entity1 (24.3%) developed relapse of which six @entity1 developed locoregional recurrence, while 28 (18.9%) @entity1 developed distant @entity2 . Nodal status, response to chemotherapy, pathological @entity3 size <3 cm and extracapsular extension (ECE) came out to be important prognostic factors in this study. CONCLUSION: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is a reasonable alternative to upfront surgery in the management of LABC. Clinicopathological variables such as nodal status, response to chemotherapy, pathological @entity3 size and presence of ECE had significant impact on disease free survival.

title: Outcome of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced XXXX : A tertiary care centre experience.

answer: @entity0


abstract: An outcrossed @entity0 pedigree was developed for quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping of @entity1 by breeding dysplastic Labrador retrievers to trait-free greyhounds. Measured susceptibility traits included age at onset of femoral @entity3 (OSS), maximum hip distraction (laxity) index ( @entity2 ), and the dorsolateral subluxation (DLS) score. The pedigrees consisted of 147 @entity0 representing four generations. For 59 @entity0 genotyped with 65 microsatellites, the median heterozygosity and polymorphic information content (PIC) values of the F(1) generation were 0.82 and 0.68, respectively. Seventy-seven percent of microsatellites had a PIC greater than 0.59 in the F(1)s. Ninety-six percent of alleles showed Mendelian inheritance. Based on marker informativeness, approximately 350 randomly selected markers would be required for genome-wide screening to obtain an average interval between informative markers of 10 cM. Heritability was estimated as 0.43, 0.5, and 0.61 for OSS, @entity2 , and the DLS score, respectively. Biometric estimates of the mean (+/- variance) effective number of segregating QTLs was 1.2 (+/- 0.05), 0.8 (+/- 0.02), and 1.0 (+/- 0.03) for OSS, @entity2 , and the DLS score, respectively. The distributions of simulated backcross trait data suggested that the loci controlling these traits acted additively and that the @entity2 may be controlled by a major locus. When combined with previous power and quantitative genetic analyses, these estimates indicate that this pedigree is informative for QTL mapping of @entity1 traits.

title: Genetic structure of susceptibility traits for @entity1 and microsatellite informativeness of an outcrossed XXXX pedigree.

answer: @entity0


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Context     @entity1 ( @entity1 ) is a subgroup of @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Both @entity1 and @entity6 have been successful as adjunctive treatment modalities in substance abuse treatment. Studies have indicated that gardening promotes neuroendocrine and affective restoration from stress. Objectives     The study intended to assess the effect of @entity1 versus nonhorticultural @entity6 on @entity4 levels, @entity3 , symptoms of @entity5 ( @entity5 ), @entity2 cravings, and quality of life. Methods     The research team designed a randomized pilot study. Setting     The study was open for participation from July 2012-October 2012. It took place during multiple occurrences of a 28-d treatment programs for substance use disorder at a Veterans Affairs medical center. @entity0     @entity0 were 49 veterans, averaging 46.4 y old (SD = 11.9); the dropout rate was 37%. Intervention     @entity0 were randomly assigned to the @entity1 or the @entity6 group. They attended supervised @entity1 and @entity6 groups 5 h/d for 3 wk. Outcome Measures     Pre- and posttreatment, @entity0 completed the Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire-Short Form (Q-LES-Q-SF), the @entity2 Craving Questionnaire (ACQ-NOW), the @entity5 Checklist Civilian Version (PCLC), and the Center for Epidemiologic Studies @entity3 Scale (CES-D). Salivary @entity4 samples were taken at wk 1, 2, and 3. Results     A repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) (F2,20 = 0.878) revealed that the @entity1 performed was associated with a 12% reduction in salivary @entity4 levels from wk 1 to wk 3, but the difference was not statistically significant (P = .43). Separate 1-way analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) revealed no statistically significant differences in the self-administered tests, although both the Q-LES-Q-SF and CES-D showed a trend toward improving quality of life and @entity3 in the @entity1 group compared with the @entity6 group. Additional analysis of the nonbiologic tests suggests that most @entity0 in the @entity1 and @entity6 had some benefit from the programmed activities. Conclusions     The trends suggest that @entity1 may modulate stress in veterans, as evidenced by decreased @entity4 levels and @entity3 , and may improve quality of life more than the programs in which the @entity6 group participated. Further investigation with larger samples, including a nontreatment control group, is needed to determine whether the observed trends are treatment effects or due to abstinence.

title: Horticultural Therapy: A Pilot Study on Modulating XXXX Levels and Indices of Substance Craving, @entity5 , @entity3 , and Quality of Life in Veterans.

answer: @entity4


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Introduction. @entity6 ( @entity6 ) may result in a chronic debilitating disease. Dural @entity2 with a physiologic venous pressure gradient has been identified as a potential etiology in a number of @entity6 @entity0 . Intracranial venous stenting has emerged as a potential treatment alternative. Methods. A systematic review was carried out to identify studies employing venous stenting for @entity6 . Results. From 2002 to 2014, 17 studies comprising 185 @entity0 who underwent 221 stenting procedures were reported. Mean prestent pressure gradient was 20.1   mmHg (95% CI 19.4-20.7   mmHg) with a mean poststent gradient of 4.4   mmHg (95% CI 3.5-5.2   mmHg). Complications occurred in 10 @entity0 (5.4%; 95% CI 4.7-5.4%) but were major in only 3 (1.6%). At a mean clinical follow-up of 22 months, clinical improvement was noted in 130 of 166 @entity0 with @entity1 (78.3%; 95% CI 75.8-80.8%), 84 of 89 @entity0 with @entity5 (94.4%; 95% CI 92.1-96.6%), and 64 of 74 @entity0 with @entity3 (86.5%; 95% CI 83.0-89.9%). In-stent @entity4 was noted in six @entity0 (3.4%; 95% CI 2.5-4.3%) and stent-adjacent @entity4 occurred in 19 @entity0 (11.4%; 95% CI 10.4-12.4), resulting in restenting in 10 @entity0 . Conclusion. In @entity6 @entity0 with @entity2 and a physiologic pressure gradient, venous stenting appears to be a safe and effective therapeutic option. Further studies are necessary to determine the long-term outcomes and the optimal management of medically refractory @entity6 .

title: Endovascular Treatment of XXXX in @entity6 : Complications, Neurological Outcomes, and Radiographic Results.

answer: @entity2


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 1538 Background: @entity7 mellitus, a state of @entity4 intolerance associated with pregnancy is increasing in prevalence. Data regarding the risk associated with @entity7 is sparse and conflicting. The current study was conducted to examine the risk of incident over-all and site-specific @entity1 associated with a history of @entity2 in a historical cohort study of @entity0 in Maccabi Healthcare Services, a large health maintenance organization in Israel. METHODS: All @entity0 aged 15 to 50 years who underwent 50g @entity4 challenge tests between March 13, 1995 and May 27, 2009, without history of @entity1 , @entity2 or @entity3 were included. Clinical and demographic parameters at index date including age, socioeconomic level, BMI and parity were collected. @entity7 was based on the 100g oral @entity4 tolerance test using the standard Carpenter _ Coustan criteria. The main endpoint of the study was a diagnosis of @entity1 obtained from the Israel Cancer Register through linkage data. RESULTS: Among the 185,315 @entity0 who had undergone @entity4 challenge during the study period, 11,264 (6.1%) were diagnosed with gestational @entity2 . During a total follow-up period of 1.05 million @entity0 years, 2034 incident cases of @entity1 were identified. GDM was associated with a hazard ratio (HR) of 7.12 (95% CI: 1.71-29.67) for @entity5 and a HR of 1.69 (95% CI: 0.96-2.97) for @entity6 . The association between GDM and @entity6 was limited to @entity0 with five or more years of follow-up (HR=4.43; 1.79-10.96). CONCLUSIONS: @entity7 mellitus is strongly associated with an increased long-term risk of @entity5 and probably with @entity6 .

title: @entity7 and risk of incident primary XXXX : A large population-based cohort study in Israel.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the association between guideline recommended drugs and @entity3 in older adults with multiple chronic conditions. DESIGN: Population based cohort study. SETTING: Medicare Current Beneficiary Survey cohort, a nationally representative sample of Americans aged 65 years or more. @entity0 : 8578 older adults with two or more study chronic conditions ( @entity10 , @entity6 , @entity4 , @entity1 , @entity8 , @entity5 , @entity2 , and @entity11 ), followed through 2011. EXPOSURES: Drugs included b blockers, @entity7 channel blockers, @entity14 , @entity15 , renin-angiotensin system (RAS) blockers; selective @entity9 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin @entity12 reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs); statins; @entity17 ; and @entity13 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Adjusted hazard ratios for @entity3 among @entity0 with a condition and taking a guideline recommended drug relative to @entity0 with the condition not taking the drug and among @entity0 with the most common combinations of four conditions. RESULTS: Over 50% of @entity0 with each condition received the recommended drugs regardless of coexisting conditions; 1287/8578 (15%) @entity0 died during the three years of follow-up. Among cardiovascular drugs, b blockers, @entity7 channel blockers, RAS blockers, and @entity16 were associated with reduced mortality for indicated conditions. For example, the adjusted hazard ratio for b blockers was 0.59 (95% confidence interval 0.48 to 0.72) for @entity0 with @entity10 and 0.68 (0.57 to 0.81) for those with @entity8 . The adjusted hazard ratios for cardiovascular drugs were similar to those with common combinations of four coexisting conditions, with trends toward variable effects for b blockers. None of @entity14 , @entity15 , or SSRIs/SNRIs was associated with reduced mortality. @entity13 was associated with a reduced risk of @entity3 among those with @entity10 (adjusted hazard ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.56 to 0.85) and @entity11 (0.44, 0.30 to 0.62). Attenuation in the association with reduced risk of @entity3 was found with @entity13 in @entity0 with some combinations of coexisting conditions. CONCLUSIONS: Average effects on survival, particularly for cardiovascular study drugs, were comparable to those reported in randomized controlled trials but varied for some drugs according to coexisting conditions. Determining treatment effects in combinations of conditions may guide prescribing in @entity0 with multiple chronic conditions.

title: Association between guideline recommended drugs and XXXX in older adults with multiple chronic conditions: population based cohort study.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is an alpha2-adrenergic agonist that causes sleep-like sedation and mild @entity3 without @entity6 or @entity4 , and has relative @entity2 . Due to these properties, it may be an effective agent for prolonged use in the sedation of @entity0 in the paediatric cardiothoracic intensive care unit. We reviewed our experience with the drug to detail its safety and efficacy. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of all @entity0 who received @entity5 over a six month period in a dedicated paediatric cardiothoracic intensive care unit. @entity0 were identified from pharmacy records showing administration of drugs. We collected demographic data, information relating to doses of @entity5 , physiologic parameters, and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: We identified 54 @entity0 who received the drug. The median age of recipients was 6 months, with a range from 1 day to 16 years. The mean duration of administration was 37.3 hours, with a range from 2 to 177 hours. The mean duration of continuation of administration after extubation was 16.7 hours, with a range from zero to 112.5 hours. Physiologically, there were no clinically significant changes in mean arterial pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, or saturations of @entity1 before, during, or after utilization of the drug. Use of @entity5 significantly reduced the need to administer narcotics, and scores using the COMFORT system were not different between @entity0 who received @entity5 and those who did not. CONCLUSIONS: In this limited and retrospective review, @entity5 was found to be safe and efficacious. Its use as a sedative agent for extended periods of time in critically-ill @entity0 deserves investigation in a prospective and controlled manner.

title: Prolonged use of XXXX in the paediatric cardiothoracic intensive care unit.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Increasing arterial @entity1 partial pressure ( @entity6 ) by breathing hyperoxic gases is an effective means of improving @entity0 oxygenation, although the efficacy of adding @entity4 to the inspiratory gas has been discussed controversially. This study aimed at analyzing the impact of different inspiratory @entity4 fractions on the time course of oxygenation and perfusion changes in experimental @entity0 during and after inspiratory @entity5 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Perfusion and oxygenation of @entity2 DS- @entity3 were studied during spontaneous breathing of pure @entity1 or hyperoxic gas mixtures containing different @entity4 fractions (1, 2.5 or 5%). Red blood cell (RBC) flux was assessed as a measure of @entity0 perfusion using the laser Doppler technique and temporal changes in mean @entity0 @entity6 were measured polarographically. RESULTS: Mean @entity0 @entity6 increased 3.6-fold with pure @entity1 , approx. 3.3-fold when 1 or 2.5% @entity4 was added and 2.7-fold during @entity7 breathing. RBC flux also increased by 25-30% with all gases. With pure @entity1 and with 1% @entity4 (+99% O2), perfusion changes paralleled those of the mean arterial blood pressure whereas with higher @entity4 fractions, a decrease in resistance to flow was observed. The differences found with the various gas mixtures were more pronounced after the end of @entity5 . With pure @entity1 , perfusion immediately returned to pretreatment values whereas with higher @entity4 fractions perfusion remained elevated for at least 30 min. CONCLUSIONS: Higher inspiratory @entity4 fractions (2.5 or 5%) lead to a prolonged improvement of @entity0 perfusion after the end of inspiratory @entity5 when compared with pure @entity1 breathing. Since no principal differences in oxygenation and perfusion were seen between the gases containing 2.5 and 5% @entity4 , the former may be preferable for inspiratory @entity5 .

title: Dynamics of @entity0 oxygenation and red blood cell flux in response to inspiratory XXXX combined with different levels of inspiratory hypercapnia.

answer: @entity5


abstract: Smoking is the most important cardiovascular (CV) risk factor. Stopping smoking halves the CV risk. Every clinician should provide a brief intervention with smokers. Intensive treatment should be available to those who need it. There are 37 Centers for @entity1 @entity2 in the Czech Republic, which offer treatment including a psychobehavioral intervention and pharmacotherapy ( @entity5 , @entity4 , @entity3 ). Czech physicians, pharmacists and nurses are regularly educated about smoking cessation. We describe the results of intensive treatment offered by our centers. Treatment includes screening (1 h), an intervention (2 h), and follow-up visits during the next 12 months. Among 3532 @entity0 , 34.3 % had CO-validated abstinence at 12-months (including 489 @entity0 who attended the screening visit + only the 12-month follow up visit). Among @entity0 who underwent the intervention, the abstinence rate was 38.2 %. The majority of @entity0 who underwent the intervention (N=2470) used some form of pharmacotherapy. After one year, the abstinence rate was 43.4 %, compared to 15.9 % (N=573) without pharmacotherapy. Only 28 % of @entity0 came on the recommendation of a physician. Despite the decrease in CV risk following smoking cessation and the effectiveness of treatment, centers are underutilized.

title: @entity1 XXXX , the most important cardiovascular risk factor: treatment in the Czech Republic.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pandoraea spp. are recently discovered bacteria, mainly recovered from @entity4 ( @entity4 ) @entity0 , but their epidemiology and clinical significance are not well known. We describe an epidemic spread of Pandoraea pulmonicola from 2009 in our @entity4 center, involving 6 out of 243 @entity4 @entity0 . METHODS: Bacterial identification used amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA), @entity8 mass spectrometry (MALDI- @entity8 MS) and 16S rDNA gene sequencing. The clonal link between strains was assessed with pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) using XbaI. Clinical data were gathered for all @entity0 . RESULTS: The index case was chronically colonized since 2000. The main hypothesis for this bacterial spread was a droplet cross-transmission, due to preventive measures not being strictly followed. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed resistance to @entity7 , @entity5 and @entity6 . However, there was susceptibility to @entity1 - @entity2 . All @entity0 were chronically colonized with @entity3 , and the acquisition of P. pulmonicola resulted in chronic colonization in all @entity0 . Three @entity0 died, and two @entity0 remained clinically stable, whereas one @entity0 had a decline in lung function. CONCLUSIONS: This study, which is the first to describe an epidemic spread of P. pulmonicola, notes the potential transmissibility of this bacterial species and the need for infection control measures.

title: Epidemic spread of Pandoraea pulmonicola in a XXXX center.

answer: @entity4


abstract: @entity2 ( @entity2 ), as a group, are among the most common @entity1 affecting @entity0 . The primary defect is typically a @entity1 of one of the lysosomal enzymes, often causing accumulation of undegraded substrates within the lysosome. This accumulation causes numerous secondary effects that contribute to the disease phenotype. Viral-mediated @entity1 ( @entity1 ) can supply a persistent source of the deficient enzyme. However, with some notable exceptions, @entity1 has been only modestly successful as a single approach. Recently, various therapies have been combined in order to more effectively target the diverse pathogenic mechanisms at work in @entity2 . One strategy that has shown promise involves providing a persistent source of the deficient enzyme ( @entity1 , stem cell transplantation) while targeting a secondary consequence of disease with a more transient approach (substrate reduction, anti-inflammatories, pharmacological mimetic, etc.). This general strategy has resulted in both additive and synergistic effects. Interestingly, some therapeutic approaches by themselves provide essentially no clinical benefit but contribute greatly to the overall efficacy when used in combination with other treatments. Unfortunately, no therapeutic combination is universally effective. This adds to the difficulty in predicting and identifying combinations that will be most effective for individual @entity2 . A better understanding of both pathogenic and therapeutic mechanisms is necessary in order to identify potentially successful combinations. While a single treatment would be ideal, the complex nature of these diseases may unavoidably limit the efficacy of single therapies. In order to more successfully treat @entity2 , a shift in focus towards a combination therapy may be necessary.

title: Combination therapies for XXXX : is the whole greater than the sum of its parts?

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 is the most frequent form of @entity1 . We herein assessed the effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) in the prevention of @entity1 overall in @entity3 ( @entity3 ) @entity0 at risk for @entity2 . We hypothesized that PPSV23 vaccination is superior in preventing @entity5 compared with placebo in @entity3 @entity0 . METHODS: A prospective, multicenter, double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled (1:1) trial was conducted across departments of rheumatology in Japanese National Hospital Organization hospitals. @entity3 @entity0 (n   =   900) who had been treated with biological or immunosuppressive agents were randomly assigned PPSV23 or placebo ( @entity6 ). The primary endpoints were the incidences of all-cause @entity1 and @entity5 . The secondary endpoint was death from @entity5 , all-cause @entity1 , or other causes. Cox regression models were used to estimate the risk of @entity1 overall for the placebo group compared with the vaccine group. RESULTS: Seventeen (3.7%) of 464 @entity0 in the vaccine group and 15 (3.4%) of 436 @entity0 in the placebo group developed @entity1 . There was no difference in the rates of @entity1 between the two study groups. The overall rate of @entity1 was 21.8 per 1000 @entity0 -years for @entity0 with @entity3 . The presence of @entity4 (hazard ratio: 3.601, 95% confidence interval: 1.547-8.380) was associated with an increased risk of @entity1 in @entity3 @entity0 . CONCLUSION: PPSV23 does not prevent against @entity1 overall in @entity3 @entity0 at relative risk for @entity2 . Our results also confirm that the presence of @entity4 is associated with @entity1 in Japanese @entity0 with @entity3 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: UMIN-CTR UMIN000009566 . Registered 17 December 2012.

title: The 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in @entity0 with XXXX : a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Volumetric analysis of the olfactory cleft by using computed tomography has been associated with olfaction in @entity0 with @entity1 ( @entity1 ). However, existing studies have not comprehensively measured olfaction, and it thus remains unknown whether correlations differ across specific dimensions of odor perception. OBJECTIVE: To use comprehensive measures of @entity0 -reported and objective olfaction to evaluate the relationship between volumetric olfactory cleft opacification and olfaction. METHODS: Olfaction in @entity0 with @entity1 was evaluated by using "Sniffin' Sticks" tests and a modified version of the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders. Olfactory cleft opacification was quantified by using two- and three-dimensional, computerized volumetric analysis. Correlations between olfactory metrics and olfactory cleft opacification were then calculated. RESULTS: The overall @entity1 cohort included 26 @entity0 without @entity2 (CRSsNP) (68.4%) and 12 @entity0 with @entity2 (CRSwNP) (31.6%). Across the entire cohort, total olfactory cleft opacification was 82.8%, with greater opacification in the CRSwNP subgroup compared with CRSsNP (92.3 versus 78.4%, p < 0.001). The percent total volume opacification correlated with the total Sniffin' Sticks score (r = -0.568, p < 0.001) as well as individual threshold, discrimination, and identification scores (p < 0.001 for all). Within the CRSwNP subgroup, threshold (r = -0.616, p = 0.033) and identification (r = -0.647, p = 0.023) remained highly correlated with total volume opacification. In @entity0 with CRSsNP, the threshold correlated with total volume scores (r = -0.457, p = 0.019), with weaker and nonsignificant correlations for discrimination and identification. Correlations between total volume opacification and the Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders were qualitatively similar to objective olfactory findings in both CRSwNP (r = -0.566, p = 0.070) and CRSsNP (r = -0.310, p = 0.141) subgroups, although neither reached significance. When examined by two-dimensional planes, the percent opacification of the anterior plane had the strongest correlations with objective olfaction. CONCLUSION: Olfactory cleft opacification correlated with objective measures of olfaction in @entity0 with @entity1 , which correlated with threshold values in @entity0 with CRSsNP and all dimensions of olfaction in those with CRSwNP.

title: Olfactory cleft computed tomography analysis and olfaction in XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The influence of bile reflux in the development of @entity2 remains controversial. This was tested in a cohort of @entity0 who had undergone gastrectomy, a procedure often entailed by substantial bile reflux. METHODS: A population-based cohort study of @entity0 who had undergone gastrectomy for peptic @entity3 in 1964-2008 in Sweden. Follow-up for @entity1 and censoring for death were achieved through linkages to nationwide registries of @entity1 and Population, respectively. The number of observed @entity1 cases in the gastrectomy cohort was divided by the expected number, calculated from the incidence of the entire Swedish population of corresponding age, sex and calendar year. Relative risks were thus presented as standardised incidence ratios with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS: After exclusion of all @entity0 -years the first year after surgery, the final gastrectomy cohort comprised of 19,767 @entity0 . These @entity0 were followed up for a median of 17 years, and contributed with a total of 348,231 @entity0 -years at risk. The observed number of @entity0 with @entity2 (n=7) was not higher than the expected (n=11.6), providing a standardised incidence ratio of 0.6 (95%CI 0.2-1.2). There were no clear differences between sexes, age groups or latency intervals after gastrectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Gastrectomy for peptic @entity3 does not appear to increase the risk of @entity2 .

title: The risk of XXXX after gastrectomy for peptic @entity3 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: Evidence suggests that @entity0 with @entity2 from the United States have an earlier age of onset and a more difficult course of @entity3 than those from Germany and the Netherlands. These characteristics were related to a greater family burden of @entity1 and the experience of more psychosocial adversity in childhood. We hypothesized that this greater @entity3 burden would extend to the offspring of the @entity7 @entity0 . METHODS: 968 outpatients (average age 41) with @entity2 gave informed consent for participation in a treatment outcome network and filled out a detailed questionnaire about their @entity3 and family history of @entity3 , including whether their offspring had a diagnosis of @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity4 or substance abuse, suicide attempt or "other" @entity3 . Of those with @entity0 , 356 were from the @entity7 and 132 were from Europe. RESULTS: Compared to the Europeans, offspring of @entity0 from the @entity7 had significantly (p<0.001) more @entity5 , @entity2 , @entity6 , and "other" illnesses. The number of illnesses in the offspring was related to the @entity2 parent being from the @entity7 , having had childhood adversity, more than 20 prior episodes, and more parental @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: While the findings are limited by their basis on self report, the distribution of the percentages in the @entity7 offspring are similar to those of Axelson et al. (2015) who used direct interviews. The higher burden of @entity3 in the offspring and their in direct progenitors from the @entity7 compared to Europe warrant new attempts at better treatment and prevention.

title: More @entity3 in offspring of XXXX @entity0 from the U.S. compared to Europe.

answer: @entity2


abstract: BACKGROUND: No previous study has assessed the role of @entity1 in predicting the long-term risk of @entity3 recurrence after cardioversion. METHODS: One hundred and fifty-nine consecutive @entity0 with persistent @entity3 undergoing successful cardioversion were enrolled. Renal function was assessed based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) at baseline and during follow-up. @entity0 were prospectively followed up for eGFR and recurrence of @entity3 up to 1 year. RESULTS: @entity0 were divided into 4 groups based upon their eGFR (group 1 >90 mL/min: 33 @entity0 , group 2: 60-90 mL/min: 55 @entity0 , group 3: 30-59 mL/min: 53 @entity0 , group 4: <30 mL/min: 18 @entity0 ). Overall, 101 out of 159 (64%) @entity0 experienced @entity3 recurrence within 1 year follow-up. @entity3 recurrence was independently associated with the level of reduction of eGFR at baseline (eGFR < 30 mL/min: hazard ratio [HR] 6.82, P < 0.001; eGFR 30-59 mL/min: HR 3.31, P = 0.01; eGFR 60-90 mL/min: HR 2.10, P = 0.13; eGFR > 90 mL/min reference group). In @entity0 with maintained sinus rhythm after 12-month follow-up eGFR was increased (8.46    9.49 mL/min [range -7 to 43]), whereas @entity0 with @entity3 recurrence showed a decrease in eGFR over time (-5.75    9.4 [range -32 to 25], P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Among a group of @entity0 with persistent @entity3 undergoing successful cardioversion, @entity1 (based on estimated GFR) was associated with an increased risk of @entity3 recurrence. Maintenance of sinus rhythm was associated with improvement in eGFR in @entity0 with mild or moderate @entity2 .

title: XXXX and @entity3 recurrence following cardioversion.

answer: @entity1


abstract: Opioids have been implicated in @entity3 and in the regulation of reproductive behavior and endocrinology of mammals. Previous studies have indicated that @entity1 administration in adults regulates preproenkephalin MRNA levels in several hypothalamic brain nuclei. We have determined preproenkephalin mRNA levels in @entity1 -treated juvenile male and female @entity0 to investigate the developmental pattern of estrogenic regulation of enkephalinergic neurons in the medial preoptic area. @entity0 were treated with @entity2 (20 microgram/kg/day) or oil from day 21 to 23. Sections of the medial preoptic area (mPOA) were studied by in situ hybridization histochemistry at the single cell level and quantified with the assistance of an image analysis system. Our data indicate that males contain higher levels of preproenkephalin mRNA per neuron than females. In addition, our results indicate that @entity1 causes an upward shift in the amount of mRNA expressed per cell, females demonstrating a greater response to @entity1 than males. An increase in soma cell area following @entity1 treatment was observed only in female mPOA enkephalinergic neurons. Taken together, these results indicate a sex difference in total @entity4 levels and in estrogenic regulation of preproenkephalin mRNA in the POA of juvenile @entity0 . These results are discussed in relation to the differential role opioids may play in male and female reproductive physiology.

title: Sex differences in estrogenic regulation of preproenkephalin mRNA levels in the medial preoptic area of prepubertal XXXX .

answer: @entity0


abstract: OBJECT: Presentation of a 34-year-old pregnant @entity0 with skew deviation due to peripheral @entity4 caused by @entity8 . METHODS: A multidisciplinary approach (neuroophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, neuroradiology) revealed the diagnosis of @entity7 . CASE REPORT: The @entity0 presented with @entity1 of the left ear, associated with a rotatory vertigo and @entity3 . Otorhinolaryngological examination showed a unilateral peripheral vestibular loss, a @entity2 towards the unaffected right side, no @entity6 and a left perception @entity3 , mainly in the frequencies between 2-6 KHz. The @entity0 was treated with Zovirax IV. Neuroradiological examination (MRI without contrast) revealed no abnormalities. @entity5 from skew deviation was noted +/- 10 days after onset of @entity8 . Neuroophthalmological and orthoptic examination showed a comitant right @entity9 of 6 diopters and a spontaneous @entity2 to the right. CONCLUSION: Skew deviation can be caused by a sudden unilateral cochleo-vestibular loss as described by A.B. Safran. (4,6,7,8).

title: @entity5 from skew deviation in XXXX . A case report.

answer: @entity7


abstract: Delayed @entity5 after whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) is of increasing concern in @entity1 who survive more than one year with brain @entity2 from @entity0 . Radiation-related @entity3 is detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and has been correlated with @entity6 . This study assessed the risk of developing @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in @entity0 @entity1 who underwent either WBRT plus stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) or SRS alone. We retrospectively compared 35 @entity1 with @entity0 who received WBRT and SRS to 30 @entity1 who only received SRS. All @entity1 had evaluable imaging at a median of one year after their initial management. The development of white matter T2 prolongation as detected by T2 or FLAIR imaging was graded: grade 1  =  little or no white matter T2 hyperintensity; grade 2  =  limited periventricular hyperintensity; and grade 3  =  diffuse white matter hyperintensity. After WBRT plus SRS, @entity1 demonstrated a significantly higher incidence of @entity3 (p  <  0.0001). After one year, 71.5  % of @entity1 whose treatment included WBRT demonstrated @entity3 (42.9  % grade 2; 28.6  % grade 3). Only one @entity1 receiving only SRS developed @entity3 . In long-term survivors of @entity0 , the risk of @entity3 was significantly reduced when SRS alone was used for management. Further prospective studies are necessary to determine how these findings correlate with @entity5 . WBRT usage as initial management of limited @entity4 should be replaced by SRS alone to reduce the risk of delayed @entity3 .

title: White matter changes in XXXX @entity1 who undergo radiosurgery alone compared to whole brain radiation therapy plus radiosurgery.

answer: @entity0


abstract: 631 @entity0 treated with @entity15 were evaluated for adverse reactions. @entity15 doses ranged from 37-714 mg/kg/day (mean 260 mg/kg/day) and duration of treatment ranged from 1 to 276 days (mean 11.1 days). 82% of @entity0 were treated for more than 7 days. 92 (14.6%) experienced @entity3 and 20 @entity0 (3.2%) experienced local adverse reactions. @entity1 , manifest by @entity2 , cutaneous reactions, or @entity9 occurred in 0.3, 1.8 and 1.1%, respectively. @entity7 developed in 0.5% overall and was dose and duration related. Hepatotoxicity occurred in 1.7%, @entity4 in 1.9% and @entity8 in 0.3%. Nephrotoxicity, expressed as elevated serum @entity6 , was seen in 0.5%. @entity5 was seen in one group of @entity0 that received cefamandole concomitantly. As these complications were not seen in other @entity0 , these complications are probably due to @entity13 . In comparison with @entity12 , @entity14 , @entity10 , and @entity11 , a similar number and severity of adverse reactions were seen. Although the incidence of certain adverse reactions may be underestimated due to the short duration of therapy, @entity15 appears to be exceptionally safe and well tolerated.

title: The safety and tolerance of XXXX .

answer: @entity15


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the respective effects of @entity4 and emulsified @entity6 administered alone and in combination with @entity7 on the quality of induction of anesthesia, physiological variables and recovery in @entity0 . STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, experimental trial. ANIMALS: Thirty-six adult mixed-breed @entity0 . METHODS: Animals were randomly assigned to one of four induction protocols: @entity4 alone (group P); emulsified @entity6 alone (group EI); both @entity4 and @entity7 (group @entity3 ), or both emulsified @entity6 and @entity7 (group EID). Pulse rate (PR), respiratory rate (fR ), @entity1 and arterial blood gases were measured at baseline, before induction, immediately after intubation (time  0), and at 5  minute intervals until the @entity0 began to swallow and the @entity2 was extubated. The quality of induction and recovery, and degree of @entity5 were scored by a single investigator unaware of group assignment. The durations of anesthesia and recovery, and the incidence of adverse events were recorded. RESULTS: There were no clinically significant differences among the groups in induction quality. Systolic arterial pressure was lower in EID compared with P at 5  minutes. PR and fR were lower in @entity3 and EID compared with P after induction. The PaCO2 at 5  minutes was higher than at baseline in group P. @entity5 score was lower in EID than in P. Time from induction to extubation and time from extubation to sternal recumbency were lower in EID compared with @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: There were no clinically significant differences among the groups in induction quality. In @entity3 and EID, but not in P, PR and fR were decreased after induction. The EID combination resulted in smooth and rapid induction and recovery and thus may be useful clinically for induction of anesthesia.

title: Comparison of the effects of @entity4 and emulsified XXXX alone or combined with @entity7 on induction of anesthesia in @entity0 .

answer: @entity6


abstract: Previous studies have shown that laparoscopic interventions are associated with increases in intracranial pressure. However, the consequences on cerebral blood flow (CBF) are unknown. This study investigates the effects of @entity3 ( @entity1 ) @entity2 on CBF in @entity4 . Ten @entity4 (weight, 20-26 kg) were anesthetized with 1.4% @entity7 and @entity5 (1 microg/kg per minute). Mechanical ventilation (fraction of inspired @entity0 = 0.4) was set to maintain normocapnia (end-tidal @entity1 tension = 35 mm Hg). Arterial and central venous catheters were placed for measurement of mean arterial blood pressure and central venous pressure. Bilateral internal carotid artery blood flow was measured using two transient time flow probes placed around both carotid arteries (with ligated external carotid arteries). Cortical and subcortical cerebral blood flow was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Sagittal sinus pressure was measured via a superior sagittal sinus catheter. After baseline measurements, the peritoneal cavity of the animals was insufflated with @entity1 to achieve an intraabdominal pressure of 12-mm Hg. After 10 minutes of stable @entity1 , @entity2 measurements were repeated. Increases in central venous pressure (6.3 +/- 2.1 to 11.1 +/- 3.0 mm Hg) and sagittal sinus pressure (8.0 +/- 2.8 to 11.9 +/- 3.0 mm Hg) were noted during @entity1 @entity2 (P < .05). Bilateral internal carotid artery blood flow (46.0 +/- 7.4 vs 47.7 +/- 7.1 mL/100g per minute), cortical CBF (263 +/- 115 vs 259 +/- 158 tissue perfusion units), and subcortical CBF (131 +/- 145 vs 133 +/- 149 tissue perfusion units) did not change during @entity1 @entity2 . The current data show that @entity1 @entity2 increases sagittal sinus pressure without changing CBF. Increases in sagittal sinus pressure are likely related to @entity6 caused by increases in intraabdominal pressure.

title: Effects of @entity3 XXXX on cerebral hemodynamics in @entity4 .

answer: @entity2


abstract: Immunoglobulin G (IgG)-producing plasma cells are the predominant immunoglobulin secreting plasma cells in @entity0 @entity3 , compared with immunoglobulin A- and immunoglobulin M-producing plasma cells. In this study, the cells expressing mRNA, that encoded the distinct IgG subclasses, were detected using an in situ hybridization technique in 25 periapical lesions. These lesions consisted of 14 periapical @entity2 and 11 @entity5 . Four oligonucleotide probes were chemically synthesized from IgG subclass-specific hinge region genes to ensure specificity of the probes. Plasma cells expressing mRNA, which coded for the IgG subclasses, were detected in @entity1 -fixed/paraffin wax-embedded sections. Background staining was negligible in all of the sections tested. The in situ hybridization method used in this study was both specific and sensitive for the detection of mRNA encoding each of the four distinct IgG subclasses, whereas the cells retained good morphology. The relative proportions of plasma cells expressing each of the IgG subclass-specific mRNAs in both @entity2 and cysts were as follows: IgG1 (57.4 and 55.5%); IgG2 (34.1 and 34.6%); @entity4 (4.0 and 4.3%); and IgG4 (4.0 and 5.5%). There were no significant differences between the percentages of plasma cells expressing each of the IgG subclass mRNAs between the two types of lesions. IgG1 producing plasma cells comprised the highest proportion of IgG-producing plasma cells in both types of @entity3 . IgG2-producing plasma cells were next in abundance, followed by plasma cells for either @entity4 or IgG4, which were in roughly equivalent numbers.

title: Relative distribution of plasma cells expressing immunoglobulin G subclass mRNA in @entity0 XXXX using in situ hybridization.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We developed clinical practice guidelines to assess the individual risk-benefit profile of @entity7 replacement therapy in adult @entity9 (HG), defined by the presence of specific signs and symptoms and serum @entity3 (T) below 12  nmol/L. @entity0 : The task force consisted of eight clinicians experienced in treating HG, selected by the Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE). The authors received no corporate funding or remuneration. CONSENSUS PROCESS: Consensus was guided by a systematic review of controlled trials conducted on @entity0 with a mean T  <  12  nmol/L and by interactive discussions. The guidelines were reviewed and sequentially approved by the SIE Guidelines Commission and Executive Committee. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend @entity8 ( @entity8 ) for adult @entity0 with severely reduced T levels (T  <  8  nmol/L) to improve body composition and sexual function. We suggest that @entity8 be offered to subjects with T  <  12  nmol/L to improve glycaemic control, lipid profile, sexual function, bone mineral density, muscle mass and @entity5 , once major contraindications have been ruled out. We suggest that lifestyle changes and other available interventions (e.g. for @entity6 ) be suggested prior to @entity8 . We suggest that @entity8 should be combined with currently available treatments for individuals at high risk for complications, such as those with @entity1 and/or @entity2 . We recommend against using @entity8 to improve cardiac outcome and limited mobility. We recommend against using @entity8 in @entity0 with @entity4 , unstable cardiovascular conditions or elevated haematocrit. The task force places a high value on the timely treatment of younger and middle-aged subjects to prevent the long-term consequences of hypoandrogenism.

title: Outcomes of @entity7 replacement therapy in adult XXXX : recommendations from the Italian society of endocrinology.

answer: @entity9


abstract: Old world hantaviruses, causing @entity2 ( @entity2 ), still present a public health problem in Asia and Eastern Europe. The majority of cases has been recorded in China. The aim of our study was to generate @entity0 recombinant neutralizing antibodies to a hantavirus by phage display technology. To preserve the structural identity of viral protein, the panning procedure was performed on native @entity1 propagated in Vero-E6 cells. In total, five complete human recombinant IgG antibodies were produced in a baculovirus expression system. All of them were able to completely neutralize HTN, and Seoul (SEO) virus in a plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Three of these antibodies could also completely neutralize Dobrava (DOB) virus but not Puumala (PUU) virus. All antibodies bind to @entity3 G2 protein localized in the virus envelope. The sequence areas within the HTN (76-118)-G2 protein detected by five selected antibodies were mapped using peptide scans. Two partial epitopes, 916-KVMATIDSF-924 and 954-LVTKDIDFD-963, were recognized, which presumably are of paramount importance for docking of the virus to host cell receptors. A consensus motif 916-KVXATIXSF-924 could be identified by mutational analysis. The neutralizing antibodies to the most widely distributed hantaviruses causing @entity2 might be promising candidates for the development of an agent for prevention and treatment of @entity2 in @entity0 .

title: XXXX recombinant neutralizing antibodies against @entity3 G2 protein.

answer: @entity0


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Many US adults have multiple chronic conditions, and @entity3 and @entity1 are among the most common dyads. @entity1 and @entity5 prevalence are increasing, and both conditions negatively affect cardiovascular health. Early diagnosis and treatment of @entity1 and @entity5 can benefit @entity0 with @entity3 by preventing @entity2 . METHODS: We analyzed 2011 Minnesota Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data to describe the proportion of adults with @entity3 screened for @entity1 according to US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendations for blood @entity4 testing. Covariates associated with lower odds of recent screening among adults without @entity1 were determined using weighted logistic regression. RESULTS: Of Minnesota adults with self-reported @entity3 , 19.6% had a diagnosis of @entity1 and 10.7% had a diagnosis of @entity5 . Nearly one-third of adults with @entity3 without @entity1 had not received blood @entity4 screening in the past 3 years. Factors associated with greater odds of not being screened in multivariable models included being aged 18 to 44 years (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.55); being nonobese, with stronger effects for normal body mass index; having no check-up in the past 2 years (AOR, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.49-4.17); having @entity3 treated with medication (AOR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.49-2.71); and completing less than a college degree (AOR, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.14-1.84). Excluding respondents with @entity5 or those not receiving a check-up did not change the results. CONCLUSIONS: Failure to screen among providers and failure to understand the importance of screening among individuals with @entity3 may mean missed opportunities for early detection, clinical management, and prevention of @entity1 .

title: Blood XXXX screening rates among Minnesota adults with @entity3 , Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2011.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The goal of this study was to determine whether the EEG could predict if @entity0 with focal @entity3 would eventually be uncontrolled (U), more than two @entity3 per month, or be controlled (C), fewer than two @entity3 per year. Using these latter criteria, U and C @entity0 were randomly selected from our files, 150 in each of these two groups; 804 EEGs were found in the U and 674 in the C group. Excluded were @entity0 with @entity4 and also the @entity2 of childhood. Age was an important factor since @entity0 5-18 yrs old were more often under good control (C group), and those 21-48 yrs of age were more often under poor control (U group). With rare exceptions, focal spikes and focal slow waves in every area were much more often seen in U @entity0 than C @entity0 . No spikes or rare spikes appeared especially in the controlled @entity0 , and many or very many spikes in the uncontrolled @entity0 , mainly on the first or second EEG. No slow waves or a mild degree of slowing was seen especially in the C @entity0 , while greater degrees of @entity1 were noted much more often in the U @entity0 . For conditions to identify the C group, the best predictors were no spikes or rare spikes, especially on the first or second EEG, properly identifying two-thirds of the C @entity0 and misidentifying only one-fourth of the U group. To identify the U @entity0 on any EEG, many or very many spikes at any location or frontal spikes correctly designated a U @entity0 in 84%, but incorrectly predicted a C @entity0 as uncontrolled in 29%. For the first or second EEG, these values were 61% and 21%. Thus, the EEG, especially by its first or second record, can predict well the probable future of the uncontrolled @entity0 , so that extraordinary means may be instituted early to avoid a deteriorating condition. When complete EEGs are done with sleep records and the results are quantified, reasonable prediction of eventual outcome can usually occur that is much more timely than waiting over 9 yrs, using only clinical data.

title: Focal XXXX and EEG: prognostic considerations.

answer: @entity3


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the variables determining morbidity, mortality and outcome in subjects with @entity5 treated at a single center over a 10-year period. METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on a series of 59 @entity0 with @entity5 surgically treated with stereotactically guided aspiration or open craniotomy excision. Such variables as age, gender, clinical presentation, number of days to diagnosis, location, number of lesions, predisposing factors, mechanism of @entity4 , etiological agent, and therapy were analyzed independently. Complications were defined as any deviation from the normal postoperative course occurring within 30 days of surgery, and classified according to a four-point gradual severity scale. Postoperative outcome was appraised through the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) 6 months after surgery, 0-4 points were considered poor outcome and 5 points good outcome. RESULTS: Eighty abscesses were diagnosed and surgically managed in 59 @entity0 . The mean age was 44.69 years (range: 0.16-77); 59.3% were female. The median number of days to diagnosis was 7. Most frequent clinical presentations included @entity3 (52.5%), @entity1 (42.4%), and focal @entity2 (39%). Mechanism of @entity4 was mainly hematogenous spread (32.2%). Stereotactically guided aspiration was the treatment of choice for 74.6% of the @entity0 , whereas 25.4% of the cases were managed through open craniotomy excision. Outcome was favorable in 81.35% (n = 48) of the subjects. General morbidity was 27.1%, and mortality stood at 10.16%. Out of a total 38.98% (n = 23) of complications, two-thirds were due to medical causes. The analysis of variables revealed that only age (p = 0.02), immunosuppression (OR 5.83; p = 0.012) and hematogenous spread (p < 0.01) were associated with poor outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppression, hematogenous spread and advanced age were predictors of poor prognosis. Most of the complications following @entity5 management were not directly related to surgery or surgical technique.

title: Supratentorial and infratentorial XXXX : surgical treatment, complications and outcomes--a 10-year single-center study.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity4 gene is characterised by numerous polymorphic sites, three of which (XbaI, EcoRI, SpIns/Del) are related to levels of total @entity0 (TC), low-density lipoproteins, @entity4 and tryglicerides, and to @entity2 ( @entity2 ) and/or @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Moreover, conflicting results emerge from literature. To assess how each polymorphism of the @entity4 gene was associated with @entity2 and @entity3 risk, we carried out a meta-analysis of all published studies. METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty case-control studies were considered, for a total of 6077, 3870 and 11616 individuals, respectively, for XbaI, EcoRI and SpIns/Del polymorphisms. For each polymorphism we calculated the risk of @entity2 / @entity3 on the overall sample and for large and small studies separately. No evidence of increased risk emerged for XbaI polymorphism. Whereas, positive associations were detected for EcoRI, SpIns/Del and risk of @entity2 and @entity3 , with odds ratio (OR) of 1.73 (95% CI, 1.19-2.50) and 1.19 (95% CI, 1.05-1.35) for carriers of @entity5 and @entity1 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the small size of most studies and the incomplete understanding of the effects of these polymorphisms on lipid metabolism and on final clinical implications, the findings suggest that EcoRI and SpIns/Del polymorphisms significantly increase the risk of @entity2 and @entity3 . Despite the rarity of the allelic variant of EcoRI polymorphism, its presence is strongly related to the occurrence of @entity2 / @entity3 . Moreover, there is a high consistency between small and large studies. The results on SpIns/Del polymorphism seem the most interesting and reliable, considering both the number of subjects analysed and the consistency of the evidence of its effect on lipid levels. These results need to be confirmed by larger and appropriately powered studies.

title: XXXX gene polymorphisms and @entity2 : a meta-analysis.

answer: @entity4


abstract: The purpose of this paper is to review the outcome of @entity0 with posttraumatic @entity8 . Between April 1972 and March 1996, the Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the King-Drew Medical Center managed or was consulted on 5,474 @entity1 @entity0 (4,584 @entity0 with penetrating injuries and 890 with @entity6 ) who were admitted emergently for @entity3 and who underwent tube thoracostomy. @entity0 were not given routine prophylactic antibiotics merely because they had a chest tube placed. Based on our previous reports on @entity1 , our criteria for empiric antibiotic administration included (1) emergent or urgent thoracotomy, (2) soft-tissue destruction of the chest wall by shotgun injuries, (3) lung contusion with hemoptysis, (4) associated @entity5 requiring exploratory laparotomy, or (5) associated open @entity2 . Eighty-seven of these 5,474 @entity0 developed posttraumatic @entity8 , for an incidence of 1.6%. These 87 @entity0 were treated with tube thoracostomy, image-guided catheter drainage, or open thoracotomy with decortication. Seventy-nine of 87 @entity0 (91%) were cured without conversion to open thoracostomy. Four @entity0 required conversion to open thoracostomy, and there were three deaths. Even though a majority of our @entity0 required decortication, successful management of posttraumatic @entity8 also was achieved with closed-tube thoracostomy or image-guided catheter drainage based on clinical and radiographic findings with appropriate @entity0 selection. When @entity9 did occur in our group, @entity4 was the most common microbe isolated, followed by anaerobic bacteria. In correlating microbiologic data with outcomes, @entity4 , especially @entity7 -resistant @entity4 , was the most frequent cause of antibiotic failure. Because of the low incidence of posttraumatic @entity8 , we do not recommend routine antibiotic prophylaxis for all @entity1 @entity0 who undergo closed-tube thoracostomy. A review of the role of tube thoracostomy, intrapleural fibrinolytic therapy, image-guided catheter drainage, video-assisted thoracoscopy, and open thoracotomy for the management of @entity9 is provided.

title: Posttraumatic @entity8 : a 24-year experience at a major XXXX center.

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To define the accuracy of preoperative evaluation of prognostic factors in detecting @entity0 with low risk of node @entity1 in which different surgical approaches can be proposed. SUBJECTS: Seventy-five @entity0 with a histologically proven @entity3 were considered in this study. METHODS: All the @entity0 underwent a preoperative evaluation of grading (G), and @entity1 (M) by endometrial biopsy and transvaginal ultrasound (TVS). In 41 @entity0 preoperative ploidy of @entity2 cells (P) was determined by flow cytometry. Pre-surgical G, M and P were then compared with surgical specimens. We considered 'low risk', @entity0 with no or moderate @entity1 , well-differentiated histological grading and diploid DNA. RESULTS: We were able to identify 19/23 (82.6%) low risk cases. Correct identification of high risk @entity0 was obtained in 49/52 (94%) @entity0 . In three low risk @entity0 , correctly diagnosed preoperatively, the final FIGO stage was IIIA (two for adnexal involvement and one for positive peritoneal washing). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that it is possible to detect preoperatively @entity0 with a low risk of node @entity1 . Alternative surgical approaches, i.e. vaginal surgery, can be taken into account in such @entity0 .

title: Reliability of preoperative evaluation of prognostic factors in XXXX .

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVES: @entity0 frequently experience @entity1 of moderate to severe degree during gynaecologic procedures. This prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial was aimed to investigate the analgesic efficacy of preoperative oral @entity6 , intravenous @entity2 , @entity3 spray, @entity5 and @entity4 on fractional curettage procedure. METHODS: A total of 144 mutiparous @entity0 were randomly allocated to one of the six groups. The first group (control group) consisted of 22 @entity0 and they did not receive any treatment. The second group had 26 @entity0 receiving oral 25 mg @entity6 . The 23 @entity0 of the third group received two puff @entity3 sprays on cervical mucosa. t0 he forth group consisted of 25 @entity0 receiving 100 mg @entity5 . In the fifth group, the 23 @entity0 received 1000 mg intravenous @entity2 and the sixth group consisted of 25 @entity0 receiving @entity4 . RESULTS: @entity5 was the best choice for reducing @entity1 score during curettage procedure (t2:intra-operative). All analgesic procedures were significantly effective in reducing @entity1 during postoperative period (t3). Significant @entity1 reduction was achieved for both intra- and postoperative period by using analgesics. INTERPRETATION _ CONCLUSIONS: The results of our study showed that @entity3 puffs provided the @entity1 relief than the other analgesics used. Therefore, @entity3 may be considered as the first choice analgesic in fractional curettage (NCT ID: 01993589).

title: Effect of @entity2 , @entity6 , @entity3 spray, XXXX _ @entity4 application for @entity1 relief during fractional curettage: A randomized controlled trial.

answer: @entity5


abstract: BACKGROUND: Odontogenic keratocyst (OKC) is a @entity0 with an aggressive clinical behavior and a high recurrence rate. Although epigenetic alterations have been reported in different @entity0 , these events were not investigated in OKC yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of methylation in @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity6 , @entity2 and @entity4 genes in OKC @entity0 . METHODS: Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to evaluate the presence of methylation in 10 samples of OKCs, 10 samples of dental follicles and six samples of normal mucosa. RESULTS: The methylation status of the @entity3 gene was similar among the three groups. In @entity5 gene, 30% of OKCs were methylated while no methylation could be detected in the other groups. High frequency of @entity6 methylation (90%) was observed in dental follicles, however, some @entity1 (10%) and normal mucosa samples (33%) were also methylated. Concerning the @entity4 gene, positive results were detected only in dental follicles (40%). No positive result was observed considering @entity2 gene. CONCLUSIONS: Our data show methylation of the promoter of @entity5 gene in OKCs. In addition, methylation of the @entity6 and @entity4 genes are commonly found in dental follicles. Further studies are necessary to determine the functional relevance of these alterations.

title: Methylation of @entity3 , @entity5 , @entity6 , XXXX and @entity2 genes in odontogenic keratocysts.

answer: @entity4


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Innovation is a hallmark of surgical practice. It is generally accepted that a new procedure will undergo technical changes during its evolution; however, quantitative accounts of the process are limited. METHODS: Multiple groups, including our own, have recently described a minimally-invasive approach to conventional kidney transplantation (KT) operation. Unique to our experience is a structured development of the technique within the confines of a safe surgical innovation framework - the IDEAL framework (idea, development, exploration, assessment, long-term monitoring; stages 0-4). We here provide a first-hand narrative of the progress of robotic KT operation from preclinical trial to clinical application. RESULTS: Overall, 54 @entity0 underwent robotic KT with regional @entity2 successfully. Major technical changes including selection of optimal @entity0 position (flank vs. lithotomy), robotic instrumentation, @entity1 method (bulldog vs. tourniquet) and suture material (prolene vs. GoreTex) occurred early during the procedure development (IDEAL stage 0, preclinical). Minor technical changes such as utilization of the aortic punch for arteriotomy (case 3), use of barbed suture during ureteroneocystostomy (case 6) and extraperitonealization of the graft kidney (case 6) that increased the efficiency and safety of the procedure continued throughout procedure development (IDEAL stages 1-2, clinical stages). CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrate that a surgical technique evolves continually; although, the majority of technical alterations occur early in the life-cycle of the procedure. Development of a new technique within the confines a structured surgical innovation framework allows for evidence based progression of the technique and may minimize the risk of harm to the @entity0 .

title: Ontogeny of a surgical technique: Robotic kidney transplantation with regional XXXX .

answer: @entity2


abstract: IntroductionCognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) @entity1 ( @entity1 ; @entity5 , @entity4 , and @entity3 ) are effective treatment options for @entity2 ( @entity2 ) syndrome and are currently recommended by clinical guidelines. We compared the cost-utility from the healthcare and societal perspectives of CBT versus @entity1 (combination of @entity5  +  @entity4 ) and usual care (TAU) groups in the treatment of @entity2 .MethodsThe economic evaluation was conducted alongside a 6-month, multicentre, randomised, blinded, parallel group, controlled trial. A total of 168 @entity2 @entity0 from 41 general practices in Zaragoza (Spain) were randomised to CBT (n  =  57), @entity1 (n  =  56) or TAU (n  =  55). The main outcome measures were Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALYs, assessed using the EuroQoL-5D questionnaire) and improvements in health-related quality of life (HRQoL, assessed using EuroQoL-5D visual analogue scale, EQ-VAS). The costs of healthcare utilisation were estimated from @entity0 self-reports (Client Service Receipt Inventory). Cost-utility was assessed using the net-benefit approach and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves (CEACs).ResultsOn average, the total costs per @entity0 in the CBT group (1,847  ) were significantly lower than @entity0 receiving @entity1 (3,664  ) or @entity6 (3,124  ). @entity0 receiving CBT reported a higher quality of life (QALYs and EQ-VAS scores); the differences between groups were significant only for EQ-VAS. From a complete case analysis approach (base case), the point estimates of the cost-effectiveness ratios resulted in dominance for the CBT group in all of the comparisons performed, using both QALYs and EQ-VAS as outcomes. These findings were confirmed by bootstrap analyses, net-benefit curves and CEACs. Two additional sensitivity analyses (intention-to-treat analysis and per protocol analysis) indicated that the results were robust. The comparison of @entity1 versus TAU yielded no clear preference for either treatment when using QALYs, although @entity1 was determined to be more cost-effective than TAU when evaluating EQ-VAS.ConclusionsDue to lower costs, CBT is the most cost-effective treatment for adult @entity2 @entity0 . Implementation in routine medical care would require policymakers to develop more widespread public access to trained and experienced therapists in group-based forms of CBT.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN10804772. Registered 29 September 2008.

title: Cost-utility of cognitive behavioural therapy versus U.S. food and drug administration recommended drugs and usual care in the treatment of @entity0 with XXXX : an economic evaluation alongside a 6-month randomised controlled trial.

answer: @entity2


abstract: An eight-year-old Japanese @entity0 developed @entity3 , followed by @entity2 and @entity10 . He was taken to an emergency room but could not be resuscitated. At autopsy, the left main coronary trunk (LMT) demonstrated an increase in caliber with severe luminal narrowing, and the @entity6 ( @entity6 ) subsequent to the LMT showed severe @entity9 . Microscopically, the intima of the LMT demonstrated severe @entity1 and infiltration of lymphocytes and histiocytes suggesting @entity11 , and the small lumen was occupied by a fresh @entity7 . The @entity6 showed significant intimal thickening with strong lymphocytic inflammation at the edge of the thickening. The left ventricle showed widespread @entity5 in the recovery stage. There were no findings of @entity8 , @entity11 or fibrocellular changes in the ascending aorta or intravisceral arteries other than the LMT and the @entity6 under investigation. The increase in the caliber of the LMT and the limitation of @entity12 to the LMT and the subsequent branch suggested @entity4 ( @entity4 ), but it was atypical that the @entity0 had no clinical history consistent with @entity4 . The present case showed no findings suggesting classical @entity14 (cPAN) at the acute or scar stage in the other vessels being investigated, and cPAN in childhood is rare compared to @entity4 . A nonspecific inflammatory reaction (single organ @entity11 , SOV) was also considered as a possible cause, but it is difficult to determine whether the cause of the @entity13 in the present case was SOV because the sampling of arteries was insufficient. If forensic pathologists make unusual findings suggesting @entity11 at autopsy, the collection of a sufficient number of vessels of various sizes is warranted.

title: Sudden death of a XXXX from @entity5 due to @entity12 of the left coronary trunk.

answer: @entity0


abstract: BACKGROUND: Accacoelium contortum (Rudolphi, 1819) Monticelli, 1893 is a frequent but poorly known @entity3 found on gills, pharynx and digestive tract of the @entity4 @entity4 (L.). Although the morphology of A. contortum agrees with that of a typical endoparasitic @entity3 , with two relatively small suckers and no large holdfasts, this parasite is normally ectoparasitic. The main objective of this paper is to explore this peculiar host-parasite relationship. METHODS: A total of 106 @entity4 were examined for the presence of A. contortum. The oropharyngeal chamber (gills and pharynx) and the digestive tract were analysed. As the previous descriptions of this species seem to be based on contracted specimens, for the morphological study the parasites were killed using two methods: with hot 70  % @entity2 (with relaxed bodies) and with 70  % @entity2 at room temperature (with contracted bodies). For histological studies, samples from fresh fish with parasitised left gills, pharynx and digestive tract were fixed in buffered 10  % @entity1 . For molecular studies the 18S, 28S and ITS-2 sequences were provided and compared with the available data in GenBank  . RESULTS: New information on the morphology of A. contortum and on the parasite-related response and pathological alterations in the host are given. New diagnostic traits for some structures are provided: e.g. tegumental papillae of the forebody with apical @entity0 and mouth surrounded by a circum-oral crown of simple papillae. The length of the ventral sucker peduncle and the position of the vitellarium were found to be associated with the contraction degree of the specimen. Immature individuals of this species are described for the first time. An intense proliferative inflammatory response of host gill and pharynx epithelium at the host-parasite interface was detected and parasites became partially covered by overgrowths of host tissues. CONCLUSIONS: The induction of prominent histological alterations associated with A. contortum seems to be an adaptation to the external environment, an unusual location for @entity3 .

title: Accacoelium contortum (Trematoda: Accacoeliidae) a XXXX living as a monogenean: morphological and pathological implications.

answer: @entity3


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite many advances in assisted reproductive techniques (ART), little is known about preferences for technological developments of @entity0 undergoing fertility treatments. The aims of this study were to investigate the preferences of infertile @entity0 undergoing ART for controlled ovarian stimulation ( @entity3 ) treatments; to determine the utility values ascribed to different attributes of @entity3 treatments; and to estimate @entity0 's willingness to pay (WTP) for @entity3 . METHODS: A representative sample of ambulatory @entity0 ready to receive, or receiving, @entity3 therapies for @entity1 were recruited from seven specialized private centres in six autonomous communities in Spain. Descriptive, inferential and conjoint analyses (CA) were used to elicit preferences and WTP. Attributes and levels of @entity3 treatments were identified by literature review and two focus groups with experts and @entity0 . WTP valuations were derived by a combination of double-bounded (closed-ended) and open questions and contingent ranking methods. RESULTS: In total, 160 @entity0 [mean (standard deviation; SD) age: 35.8 (4.2) years] were interviewed. Over half of the @entity0 (55.0%) had a high level of education (university degree), most (78.8%) were married and half (50.0%) had an estimated net income of >   1502 per month and had paid a mean (SD)    1194.17 (   778.29) for their most recent hormonal treatment. The most frequent causes of @entity1 were related to @entity2 (50.3%). In 30.6% of cases, there were two causes of @entity1 . The maximum WTP for @entity3 treatment was    800 (median) per cycle; 35.5% were willing to pay an additional    101-   300 for a 1-2% effectiveness gain in the treatment. Utility values (CA) showed that effectiveness was the most valued attribute (39.82), followed by costs (18.74), safety (17.75) and information sharing with physicians (14.93). CONCLUSIONS: WTP for @entity3 therapies exceeds current cost. Additional WTP exists for 1-2% effectiveness improvement. Effectiveness and costs were the most important determinants of preferences, followed by safety and information sharing with physicians.

title: Willingness to pay and conjoint analysis to determine @entity0 's preferences for ovarian stimulating hormones in the treatment of XXXX in Spain.

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: The National @entity1 Data Base (NCDB) has reported on many @entity1 occurring in @entity0 and @entity0 in the U. S. from >1400 contributing hospitals. The current report on @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is a companion to an upcoming @entity0 Care Evaluation study of this relatively common and serious @entity1 . METHODS: This report is comprised of all @entity5 cases submitted to the NCDB divided into two diagnostic-year groups: 1985-1988 and 1990-1993. Variables routinely collected by hospital @entity1 registries have been analyzed to report on patterns of diagnosis and treatment. RESULTS: High grade @entity5 cases were more likely to be Stage IV (40.8%) than were low or intermediate grade cases (34.8% and 32.5%, respectively). @entity0 with @entity5 arising from lymph node sites tended to present with more @entity4 (55.8% with Stages III and @entity3 ), whereas @entity0 with @entity5 arising from extranodal sites and non-lymph node nodal sites presented at an earlier stage (64.7% and 74.0%, respectively, with Stage I or @entity2 ). Approximately 67% of all @entity0 underwent chemotherapy, whereas only 25% underwent surgery or radiation. By histology, 5-year survival was 68.8% for low grade disease, 51.9% for intermediate grade disease, and 45.8% for high grade disease; by stage, survival rates ranged from 73.5% for Stage I to 42.9% for Stage @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: To the authors' knowledge, the 91,306 cases in this study represent the largest contemporary sample of @entity5 @entity0 . The material reported here may serve as a reference with which to compare local patterns with national data. The Working Formulation's ability to stratify @entity0 ' survival rates confirms its utility for @entity5 . Stage according to the American Joint Committee on @entity1 also was accurate in predicting survival.

title: The National XXXX Data Base report on @entity5 .

answer: @entity1


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate clinical and epidemiological characteristics and clinical outcomes in @entity0 hospitalized with @entity2 ( @entity2 ), with a comparison between Chagas and @entity5 . METHOD: This is a retrospective cohort study involving 136 @entity0 consecutively admitted with @entity2 between January 1 and December 31, 2011, with the following outcomes: @entity3 , @entity4 , rehospitalization, and @entity1 . Individuals aged >=  18 years with @entity2 were included while those with more than 10% of missing data regarding outcomes were excluded. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 17.0. Chi-squared test was used to compare proportions. Student's T test was used to compare means. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used to compare rehospitalization rates between the two groups over time. RESULTS: Chagasic and non-chagasic @entity0 were compared. The first had lower mean systolic blood pressure (111.8  18.4 versus 128.8  24.4, p<0.01), lower mean diastolic blood pressure (74.5  13.6 versus 82.0  15.2, p<0.01) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (26.5  6.2 versus 41.5  18.9, p<0.01). In all, 20 @entity0 with Chagas (50.1%) were rehospitalized, compared to 35 @entity0 in the non-Chagas group (35.4%, p=0.04). Log rank test = 4.5 (p<0.01) showed that rehospitalization rates between the two groups over time (Kaplan-Meier curves) differed. CONCLUSION: @entity5 was associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure and lower left ventricular ejection fraction. The rehospitalization rate was higher in @entity5 .

title: Decompensated XXXX versus non- @entity2 at a tertiary care hospital: Clinical characteristics and outcomes.

answer: @entity2


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This paper reports for the first time three cases of @entity1 by @entity4 via organ transplantation; all the organs coming from the same asymptomatic infected donor. The need is considered for the implementation of compulsory screenings for HTLV antibodies on organ donors and on blood banks. METHODS: The determination of antibodies for @entity4 /II on samples of serum and cerebral spinal fluid from the @entity0 and the donor was performed by enzyme immunoassay and western blot. Analysis of proviral DNA was performed by polymerase chain reaction. To detect changes in the sequence of @entity3 , the tax gene was sequentiated, amplified, and compared with ATK prototype stocks. Spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging, cerebral spinal fluid, and somatosensory evoked potential studies were carried out in all @entity0 . RESULTS: All three transplanted @entity0 developed a @entity2 within a very short period of time. In all three @entity0 and donor the virus belonged to the Cosmopolitan A subtype. The homology of @entity4 sequences recovered from the @entity0 and donor was 100% in all four cases. Proviral load was high in all three @entity0 . The factors that certainly contributed to the @entity1 in the first place, and the development of the disease later, were on the one hand the high proviral load and their immunosuppressed condition, and on the other the virus genotype, which proved to be an aggressive variant. However, the analysis of the histocompatibility antigen showed that two of the @entity0 carried an haplotype that has been associated with a lower risk of developing this disease. CONCLUSIONS: It is argued that, although in Spain and other European countries there is not compulsory screening for HTLV antibodies because of the studies that show a low seroprevalence, in view of the cases here reported, and to avoid the serious consequences that such @entity1 has on transplanted @entity0 , compulsory screenings, both on organ donors and on blood banks, should be implemented.

title: Post-transplantation XXXX @entity2 in three recipients from a single donor.

answer: @entity4


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy in the @entity1 in 38 @entity0 who received definitive treatment and were followed-up >5 years between 1980-2009. METHODS: The median age at diagnosis and follow-up period were 16.5 years and 128.3 months, respectively. Treatment was irradiation alone or adjuvant @entity2 -based chemotherapy followed by reduced-dose local irradiation. Seven @entity0 progressed at 12.9-133.9 months and 1 died of disease 89.3 months after therapy initiation. RESULTS: The treatment strategies were divided into three groups: Group A (1980-1988, n=5): whole brain with local irradiation; Group B (1989-2002, n=16): chemotherapy with or without reduced irradiation dose; and Group C (2003-2009, n=17): neoadjuvant chemotherapy (3 courses) followed by 30.6-Gy whole ventricle irradiation for @entity0 with localized complete response, and additional local boost of 19.8-Gy for others. There were 7 recurrent cases, all in Group B. The progression-free survival was significantly longer in Groups A and C vs. Group B (p<0.001). Decreased Karnofsky performance status was observed in 2 (40%), 6 (37.5%), and 0 cases in Groups A-C, respectively. The main reasons for the good results in Group C might be the neoadjuvant chemotherapy with whole ventricle radiotherapy and introduction of neuroendoscopy, especially for @entity3 , resulting in a substantial reduction of time from the diagnosis to 1(st) treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy followed by whole ventricle radiotherapy, with or without local boost, and with use of neuroendoscopy results in good disease-control without late complications in @entity4 @entity0 .

title: Improvement of Long-term Results with Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy for XXXX .

answer: @entity1


abstract: BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab (Herceptin  , Roche) has significantly improved the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity5 -positive metastatic @entity0 . Some @entity1 remain in remission for many years. However, there are no prognostic markers associated with long-term survival. This study aimed to analyse treatment patterns of @entity5 -positive metastatic @entity0 at a single institution and explore prognostic factors for long-term survival after @entity5 -targeted treatment. @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all @entity1 with @entity5 -positive metastatic @entity0 receiving first-line treatment with @entity5 -targeted therapy between 2004 and 2014 at the University Hospital of Zurich (n = 81). @entity4 ( @entity4 ) and other time-to-event endpoints were determined with Kaplan-Meier curves and clinicopathological factors predicting long-term outcome were identified by use of the log-rank test. RESULTS: The median @entity4 for the cohort was 5.9 years (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.5-8.3). Twenty @entity1 (28.6%) remained in complete remission after 1 year, 11 (15.7%) after 2 years and 4 (5.7%) beyond 5 years. The median progression-free survival was 13.6 months (95% CI 9.0-18.3). The objective response rate (ORR) was 60.5% with 16 (19.8%) complete responses and 33 (40.8%) partial responses. Six (7.4%) @entity1 had brain metastases as first site of relapse and they had a median @entity4 of 1.9 years (95% CI 1.7-2.2 years). Thirty-four of all 81 @entity1 (42%) had developed brain metastases by the time of @entity2 or last follow-up. Median @entity4 after diagnosis of brain metastases was 26 months (95% CI 19.9-32.0). Only primary brain metastases were found to be a prognostic marker associated with shorter overall survival. Hormone-receptor status and presence of visceral metastases at primary diagnosis were not associated with prognosis. Only four @entity1 (4.9%) developed some degree of @entity3 under treatment with trastuzumab. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 -targeted treatment has improved the overall survival of @entity1 with @entity5 -postive metastatic @entity0 with median @entity4 exceeding 5 years. There are, however, no predictive markers for a long-term survival. Only the absence of primary brain metastases seems to be an indicator of a good prognosis.

title: Exploring prognostic factors for XXXX -positive metastatic @entity0 : a retrospective cohort study in a major Swiss hospital.

answer: @entity5