abstract: The authors reviewed 34 cases of @entity1374 registered in @entity168 from 1985 to 1990. Annual incidence classifies @entity168 as a region with low endemicity. The @entity1 were 31 females and 3 males. In 18 cases, @entity189 was discovered within a multiheteronodular goitre (MHNG) and in 16 cases within an isolated nodule. In each of these sub-groups, 4 micropapilliform @entity5 discovered at the occasion of a histopathological test. The mean age of the @entity1 carrying a @entity5 is 36.5 years and the one of multiheteronodular goitre is 50. No particular risk factor was discovered. Mean age of the disease is 2.8 years as far as @entity5 are concerned, and 8.5 years for multiheteronodular goitre. The anatomical and echographic characters are discussed. What demanded a surgery intervention is reviewed. Mortality during intervention is zero. Morbidity recorded 17% of unilateral recurrent paralysis and 50% of transitory parathyroid insufficiency. Extemporaneous anatomopathological test was contributing in 25% of the cases; definitive test revealed 25 (74%) papilliform @entity5 (of which 8 micropapilliforms) and 9 @entity5 (26%). No canceration @entity4575 was discovered. Evolutive stage is precised: 7 local invasions (isthm and/or capsule), 4 bifocal localizations, 8 @entity5 with adenoid @entity3 , 4 with osseous and/or pulmonary @entity3 . The way to select a therapy is reported and discussed. Cost evaluation is suggested in order to discuss the possibility to acquire for the Territory an equipment for isotopic exams.

title: [ @entity1374 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'noduliferous cancer', 'vesicular cancers', 'noduliferous cancers']

entities_list: @entity168 :: ('MESH:D029461', 'Disease') :: ['French Polynesia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4575 :: ('MESH:D000708', 'Disease') :: ['anaplasia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid epithelioma']

answer: @entity168 :: (MESH:D029461,Disease) :: ['French Polynesia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Large numbers of @entity1 who stand to benefit from the exercise training component of cardiac rehabilitation are not being served due to access issues. Home-based exercise training may be a potentially useful alternative to training in institutional environments. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to examine the benefit of 6 months of hospital-based exercise training versus 6 months of monitored, home-based exercise training with respect to physical, quality of life, and social support outcomes in @entity1 after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial of "direct-to-home" (Home; = 120) versus "direct-to-hospital" (Hosp; = 122) exercise training, 35-49 d post CABG surgery. The primary outcome was peak exercise capacity, measured by peak @entity26 consumption ( @entity4962 ) on a symptom-limited cycle ergometer exercise test. Secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (measured by the SF-36) and social support (measured by the ISEL). Measurements were taken at baseline and after 3 and 6 months of exercise training. RESULTS: The study groups had similar demographic and health profiles at baseline. Peak VO(2) improved significantly in both groups after 6 months of exercise training; 36% in the Hosp group (1,222.1 +/- 269.0 mL x @entity1009 ) to 1,497.2 +/- 594.3 mL x @entity1009 ); < 0.0001) and 31% in the Home group (1,260.3 +/- 306.5 mL x @entity1009 ) to 1,433.4 +/- 589.7 mL x @entity1009 ); < 0.05). The Home group reported greater total social support than the Hosp group at 3 (36.2 +/- 4.5 vs 34.0 +/- 6.7; < 0.0001) and 6 months (36.0 +/- 4.9 vs 34.6 +/- 6.4; = 0.05). The Home group demonstrated a greater improvement in health-related quality of life (physical) by 6 months in comparison to the Hosp @entity1 (51.2 +/- 6.4 vs 48.6 +/- 7.1; = 0.004). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that low-risk CABG surgery @entity1 may be served as well or better with a monitored, home-based exercise program than with an institution-based program.

title: A controlled trial of hospital versus home-based exercise in cardiac XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Ninety-seven @entity1 suffering from Itsenko [correction of Icenko]- @entity4923 were examined. Analysis was made first of all of the clinical and laboratory signs pointing to the presence of other @entity4903 to distinguish two groups of @entity1 . The first group included subjects who did not manifest any @entity66 . The number of @entity1 and @entity1 was the same. The second group was made up of @entity1 with associated Itsenko [correction of Icenko]- @entity4903 . In this particular group, @entity1 were predominant. The first group @entity1 demonstrated the predominance of the @entity6103 incidence, the second group that of the @entity3049 . The method of estimating HLA associations identified is proposed. It allows distinguishing specific and nonspecific associations. In Itsenko [correction of Icenko]- @entity4923 , @entity6103 association is specific, whereas B8 and @entity3049 associations are unspecific. A specific @entity12009 associated with Itsenko [correction of Icenko]- @entity4923 was revealed. A concept of the pathogenesis of Itsenko [correction of Icenko]- @entity4923 is advanced.

title: [The importance of immunogenetic studies in Itsenko- @entity4923 combined with other XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['concomitant diseases']

entities_list: @entity4923 :: ('MESH:D047748', 'Disease') :: ['Cushing disease']

entities_list: @entity12009 :: ('MESH:C538275', 'Disease') :: ['polyendocrine autoimmune syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4903 :: ('MESH:D004700', 'Disease') :: ['endocrine diseases', 'Cushing disease and other endocrine diseases']

answer: @entity4903 :: (MESH:D004700,Disease) :: ['endocrine diseases']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A new adsorbent consisting of fumed, mixed @entity5383 , @entity3440 , and titania in various proportions (AST 50) was investigated. The studied material was prepared by chemical vapor deposition method. The diameter of AST 50 primary particles was equal to about 51  nm which denotes that it can be classified as a nanomaterial. In the presented paper, the adsorption properties of @entity4832 on the ternary @entity8369 were investigated. The polymer macromolecules were characterized by two different molecular weights and degree of hydrolysis. The polymer adsorption reaches the maximum at pH 3 and decreases with the solution pH rise. The reduction of the adsorbed @entity939 macromolecules is related to the electrostatic repulsion forces occurring in the studied system. The AST 50 point of zero charge (pHpzc) obtained from the potentiometric titration is equal to 4.7. Due to the nonionic character of the analyzed macromolecular compound, the polymer attendance has an insignificant effect on the AST 50 surface charge density. In the case of the adsorbent particles zeta potential, the obtained dependencies are different in the absence and presence of @entity939 . The shift of the slipping plane and displacement of the counter-ions from Stern layer by the adsorbed polymer chains have the greatest effect on the    potential value. The stability measurements indicate that the AST 50 suspensions in the presence of the background electrolyte at pH 3 and 6 are unstable. In turn, in an alkaline medium the mixed @entity8369 suspensions exhibit the highest durability, which is a result of a large number of the negative charges on the AST 50 surface. The addition of @entity939 100 significantly improves the suspension stability at pH 3 and 6; at higher pH value, the polymer presence does not influence the system durability. It is related to the steric and electrosteric stabilization of the colloidal particles by the adsorbed @entity4832 macromolecules.

title: Investigation of the XXXX stabilization mechanism and adsorption properties on the surface of ternary mixed nanooxide AST 50 (Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2).

entities_list: @entity4832 :: ('MESH:D011142', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']

answer: @entity4832 :: (MESH:D011142,Chemical) :: ['polyvinyl alcohol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Polyvagal theory emphasizes that autonomic nervous system functioning plays a key role in social behavior and emotion. The theory predicts that @entity146 are associated with reduced heart rate variability, an index of autonomic control, as well as social inhibition and avoidance. The purpose of this study was to examine whether heart rate variability was reduced in treatment-seeking @entity1 diagnosed with @entity148 , a disorder characterized by social fear and avoidance. METHODS: Social @entity148 @entity1 (n=53) were recruited prior to receiving psychological therapy. Healthy volunteers were recruited through the University of Sydney and the general community and were matched by gender and age (n=53). Heart rate variability was assessed during a five-minute recording at rest, with @entity1 completing a range of self-report clinical symptom measures. RESULTS: Compared to controls, @entity1 with social @entity148 exhibited significant reductions across a number of heart rate variability measures. Reductions in heart rate variability were observed in females with social @entity148 , compared to female controls, and in @entity1 taking psychotropic medication compared to non-medicated @entity1 . Finally, within the clinical group, we observed significant associations between reduced heart rate variability and increased social interaction @entity148 , @entity458 , and harmful @entity167 use. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study confirm that @entity148 is associated with reduced heart rate variability. Resting state heart rate variability may therefore be considered a marker for social approach-related motivation and capacity for social engagement. Additionally, heart rate variability may provide a useful biomarker to explain underlying difficulties with social approach, impaired stress regulation, and behavioral inhibition, especially in disorders associated with significant impairments in these domains.

title: Reduced heart rate variability in XXXX : associations with gender and symptom severity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders of social dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['social anxiety disorder', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['social anxiety disorder']


abstract: Treatment strategies for @entity56 are based on allergen avoidance, pharmacotherapy and immunotherapy. Allergen avoidance should always be attempted, even if it is rarely complete and needs several days or weeks to be effective. Pharmacotherapy is aimed at reducing symptoms arising from allergen triggers and @entity32 . In @entity56 , a short treatment course is sufficient to reverse nonspecific hyperreactivity and symptoms. In chronic @entity56 , however, @entity32 is of major importance and symptoms are not always readily controlled. Moreover, the treatment should be prolonged as proposed by Guidelines for the Management of Asthma and @entity2490 (1, 2). Effective and well-tolerated drugs are now available and some may be combined for @entity2490 or @entity565 therapy. In @entity2490 , first-line therapy is still based on non-sedating antihistamines and topical corticosteroids. @entity9992 and other drugs may also be used. For @entity565 , anti-inflammatory therapy is the first-line treatment. In mild sufferers, cromoglycate, @entity19608 or low-dose inhaled @entity230 can be used. For more severe disease, high doses of inhaled @entity288 are proposed. Bronchodilators are used as 'rescue' medications, though many @entity1 with severe symptoms need regular bronchodilator therapy. Long-acting @entity2263 -agonists have been introduced recently, but their exact place in the management of @entity565 is not yet fully established. Immunotherapy was first introduced in 1911 and was based on decades of physicians' experience, rather than on rational thought. Standardized allergens have improved the efficacy of immunotherapy, but the safety of this treatment needs to be improved.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Current trends in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity19608 :: ('MESH:D017835', 'Chemical') :: ['nedocromil']

entities_list: @entity2490 :: ('MESH:D012220', 'Disease') :: ['rhinitis', 'Rhinitis']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases', 'seasonal allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity9992 :: ('MESH:D004205', 'Chemical') :: ['Cromoglycate']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic diseases']


abstract: The objective was to study the demographics, diagnostic procedures and therapies employed in order to provide guidelines to @entity341 ( @entity341 ) physicians. A six-month retrospective analysis of the records of all @entity1 presenting with nontraumatic @entity10 (NTH) to the EDs of the Province of Trieste was performed. Of 38,238 @entity1 screened, 300 (0.8%) presented with NTH and 49.7% were referred to specialists. @entity1 were classified as having secondary @entity10 (41.3%), primary @entity10 (24.3%) and @entity10 with no obvious source (NOS) (34.4%). One hundred and seventy @entity1 were treated with mono- or polytherapy. Of 50 @entity1 with @entity2704 , 36 were treated with NSAIDs and 4 with @entity2703 . 68.4% of @entity1 were referred to a general practitioner and 31.6% were admitted. The frequency of NTH was lower than in other studies. NOS @entity10 was frequent. Only 10% of migraineurs received triptans. Diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for @entity341 physicians are needed.

title: Nontraumatic XXXX in the @entity341 : a survey in the province of Trieste.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2703 :: ('MESH:D014363', 'Chemical') :: ['triptans']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Emergency Department']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study clinicopathologic features, immunohistochemical profile, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of childhood central nervous system primitive @entity4969 (CNS PNETs) with the features of @entity6196 and @entity521 . METHODS: The clinical data, morphologic and immunohistochemical features were analyzed in 4 cases of pediatric CNS PNETs with features of @entity6196 and @entity521 . EnVision method immunohistochemistry was applied. RESULTS: Four @entity1 including three @entity1 and one @entity1 presented at the age from 12 month to 4 years and three @entity5 located in cerebrum, one in brain stem. All @entity5 showed typical combined histological patterns of @entity6196 and @entity521 , demonstrating zones of true rosettes, occasional pseudovascular rosettes, and undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells in a prominent background of mature neuropils. There was focal expression of @entity538 ( @entity538 ) consistent with glial differentiation and @entity2543 ( @entity2543 ) consistent with ependymal differentiation. @entity39 was seen in three cases and @entity730 was present in one case. Immunohistochemically, the rosettes and undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells were positive for @entity2277 , partially positive for @entity538 and @entity2543 but negative for @entity5473 . The @entity5 cells were also positive for @entity5473 in neuropils. The Ki-67 label index ranged from 20% to 60%. CONCLUSIONS: CNS PNETs with the features of @entity6196 and @entity521 is a rare @entity5 with poor prognosis. The @entity5 primarily occurs in childhood, especially @entity1 and belongs to the family of @entity5 of the CNS. The morphologic, immunohistochemical and genetic features are important in differential diagnosis from other @entity5 of the CNS.

title: [Primitive neuroectodermal tumor of central nervous system with features of @entity6196 and XXXX : a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patients', 'boys', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['ependymoblastoma']

entities_list: @entity4969 :: ('MESH:D017599', 'Disease') :: ['neuroectodermal tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'embryonal tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Necrosis']

entities_list: @entity538 :: ('2670', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity2543 :: ('MESH:D017573', 'Disease') :: ['EMA', 'epithelial membrane antigen']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity521 :: (MESH:D009447,Disease) :: ['neuroblastoma']


abstract: PURPOSE:: The aim was to assess the significance of osteogenic surface coatings on implants to enhance osseointegration under @entity3604 . METHODS:: To address the focused question "Do osteogenic surface coatings on implants enhance osseointegration under OP-like conditions?" PubMed/MEDLINE and Google-Scholar databases were searched from 1995 up to and including February 2014 using various keywords. Unpublished data, letters to the editor, review articles, and articles published in languages other than English were excluded. RESULTS:: Of the 28 studies identified, 11 experimental studies were included. These studies were performed on bilaterally ovariectomized animals. In all studies, implant surface roughness was increased by various osteogenetic surface coatings including @entity5383 , @entity692 , @entity78 , and @entity4381 . Nine studies reported that compared with non-coated surfaces, osteogenic coatings on implant surfaces increases bone volume and bone-to-implant contact (BIC) under OP-like conditions. In 2 studies, there was no difference in @entity11899 around @entity692 -coated implants placed in animals with and without OP-like conditions. CONCLUSION:: Osteogenic coatings on implant surfaces enhanced osseointegration in animals with OP-like conditions. However, additional clinical studies are warranted to assess the @entity8038 in increasing osseointegration in @entity1 with @entity170 .

title: Significance of Osteogenic Surface Coatings on Implants to Enhance Osseointegration Under XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3604 :: ('MESH:D058866', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporotic-like (OP-like) conditions']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity78 :: ('MESH:C020243', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium phosphate']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ['role of osteogenic coatings']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity4381 :: ('MESH:C088658', 'Chemical') :: ['zoledronic acid']

answer: @entity3604 :: (MESH:D058866,Disease) :: ['Osteoporotic-like Conditions']


abstract: Five healthy volunteers and 18 @entity1 with various degrees of @entity8 received 500 mg of @entity2889 intravenously as a 30-min infusion. Five dialysis @entity1 were dosed 2 h prior to hemodialysis, and four of them were also dosed between hemodialysis treatments. Plasma and urine samples were collected for up to 48 h and 12 h, respectively. Concentrations of @entity2889 and its open ring metabolite @entity58178 were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and radioimmunoassay, respectively. The subjects were divided into four groups with glomerular filtration rates (GFR) of greater than 80, 30 to 80, 5 to 29, or less than 5 ml/min. There were linear correlations between the GFR and the rates for total plasma clearance as well as renal clearance of @entity2889 (group mean values for total clearance of 186, 74, 53, and 19 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m2, respectively). In subjects with normal renal function, nonrenal clearance accounted for approximately 20% of total elimination, increasing to about 50% in @entity1 with GFR between 5 and 29 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m2. The terminal half-life of @entity2889 increased from 0.9 h in the healthy volunteers to 6.8 h in @entity1 with @entity454 . The half-life of @entity58178 was 2.31 h in the healthy volunteers and increased to 23.6 h in @entity1 with GFR of 5 to 29 ml/min. In @entity1 with @entity454 , half-lives could not be measured, as concentrations were hardly declining during the 48-h observation period. The area under the concentration-time curve for @entity2889 increased more than 10-fold. Both @entity2889 and its open ring metabolite were readily dialyzable, with dialysis clearances of 79 and 81 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m2, respectively.

title: Pharmacokinetics of @entity2889 in subjects with various degrees of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal impairment']

entities_list: @entity2889 :: ('MESH:C059500', 'Chemical') :: ['meropenem']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal impairment']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity34 ( @entity34 ) has been controversially associated with long-lasting @entity2414 . @entity2414 are commonly reported in studies of @entity1 with @entity162 ( @entity162 ). Whether @entity2414 can be exacerbated in @entity1 with @entity162 who receive @entity34 has, to our knowledge, not been systematically examined. We aimed to examine whether long-term effects of @entity2414 could be detected in @entity1 with @entity162 . METHODS: We studied several domains of memory in 3 groups of subjects who were matched for age and sex: a group of healthy comparison subjects, a group of @entity1 with @entity162 who had received @entity34 at least 6 months before memory assessment and another group with @entity162 that had an equal past illness burden but had never received @entity34 . Memory was assessed with the California Verbal Learning Test, the Continuous Visual Memory Test and a computerized process dissociation task that examines recollection and habit memory in a single paradigm. RESULTS: Compared with healthy subjects, @entity1 had @entity2414 . Subjects who had received remote @entity34 had further impairment on a variety of learning and memory tests when compared with @entity1 with no past @entity34 . This degree of impairment could not be accounted for by illness state at the time of assessment or by differential past illness burden between @entity1 groups. CONCLUSIONS: From a clinical perspective, it is unlikely that such findings, even if confirmed, would significantly change the risk-benefit ratio of this notably effective treatment. Nonetheless, they may highlight the importance of attending to cognitive factors in @entity1 with @entity162 who are about to receive @entity34 ; further, they raise the question of whether certain strategies that minimize @entity73 with @entity34 should be routinely employed in this @entity1 group.

title: The long-term impact of treatment with electroconvulsive therapy on discrete memory systems in XXXX with @entity162 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder', 'BD']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory problems', 'verbal learning and memory deficits', 'memory deficits', 'ECT on discrete memory systems', 'Verbal learning and memory deficits']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['ECT', 'Electroconvulsive therapy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: For the prompt and effective management of @entity311 cases (a key strategy for reducing the enormous burden of the disease), healthworkers must prescribe antimalarial drugs according to evidence-based guidelines. In sub-Saharan Africa, the guidelines for use in outpatient settings generally recommend that @entity221 in @entity1 should be suspected to be @entity311 and be treated with an antimalarial drug. The quality of treatment offered to febrile @entity1 at outpatient facilities in this region has now been investigated in a literature review. The results of five methodologically comparable studies were also used to explore the determinants of @entity311 -treatment practices. The quality of treatment prescribed to febrile @entity1 was found to have been generally sub-optimal, with low levels of adherence to national guidelines, the frequent selection of non-recommended antimalarials, and the use of incorrect dosages. Several factors might be to responsible for these shortcomings. Although interventions such as the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy can lead to improvements, a better understanding of the practices of the healthworkers responsible for treating febrile @entity1 will be needed before treatment is made much better. The failure to provide treatment of good quality will become an increasingly important problem as antimalarial policies involving drugs with more complex dosing regimens, such as @entity507 -based combination therapies (ACT), are implemented. If the @entity311 burden in Africa is to be greatly reduced, the deployment of ACT must be accompanied by interventions to ensure the correct treatment of @entity1 at the point of care. Some interventions, such as IMCI, can improve the treatment of not only @entity311 but also other potentially life-threatening illnesses.

title: Quality of treatment for XXXX among @entity1 at outpatient facilities in sub-Saharan Africa.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

entities_list: @entity507 :: ('MESH:C031327', 'Chemical') :: ['artemisinin']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['febrile illness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3145 ( @entity3145 ) is a membranous protein normally present on the surface of the fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells of vessels. @entity3145 is an initiation factor for @entity1003 , and its expression is induced on macrophages and endothelial cells during the inflammatory or immune response. We studied the significance of @entity3145 expression in warm ischemic-reperfusion injury of the liver using a @entity35 model. METHODS: Following laparotomy of Lewis @entity35 , the branches of the hepatic artery and portal vein leading to the median, left, and caudate lobes of the liver were clamped for 2 hr. The liver was reperfused after 120 min of @entity63 . @entity35 were killed at 0, 1, 3, 5, 8, and 12 hr after reperfusion, and liver tissues were harvested. @entity3145 activity was measured by the chromophilic substrate @entity30769 . @entity3145 expression was studied by immunohistochemical staining with the monoclonal antibody HTF-K108. RESULTS: @entity3145 activity in the blood showed a peak at 3 hr after reperfusion (8.9+/-0.5 U/L), then decreased and returned to the normal level by 12 hr (0.9+/-0.3 U/L). @entity3145 activity in ischemic liver tissue increased gradually over 12 hr after reperfusion (1223+/-275 U/g dry weight before @entity63 and 2545+/-284 U/g weight at 12 hr after reperfusion). Histologically spotty necroses were observed in the liver tissue 5 hr after reperfusion. The @entity39 area extended and encompassed almost all of the ischemic liver by 12 hr after reperfusion. Histochemically, @entity3145 staining was negative on the hepatocytes and slightly positive on sinusoid cells of the normal liver. On the other hand, @entity3145 was strongly stained, especially on the @entity1184 monocytic cells accumulating at the site of the @entity39 , but staining was not evident on the @entity39 hepatocytes. A slight degree of @entity3145 staining was observed on the alveolar epithelium of the lung, irrespective of @entity409 and reperfusion. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that @entity3145 plays an important role in the development of the @entity5721 , and the subsequent microcirculatory @entity337 might cause the formation of microthrombus and the development of @entity39 .

title: Expression of tissue factor in @entity5721 of the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5721 :: ('MESH:D015427', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic ischemic-reperfusion injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3145 :: ('MESH:D017695', 'Disease') :: ['Tissue factor', 'TF']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic', 'necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity738 of unknown etiology has been considered an important disease of Texas shrimp mariculture since 1985. Samples of @entity11320 ( @entity11320 ) were collected during 1986, 1987, and 1990 from three farms and an experimental mariculture facility with histories of production loss and increased mortality rates. Histologic and ultrastructural examination of shrimp from the four sites demonstrated two morphologically distinct, Gram-negative, double-enveloped, intracytoplasmic bacteria in @entity39 hepatopancreatic epithelium. The more numerous small, pleomorphic rod as well as the helical organism are both taxonomically unclassifiable. The helical organism lacked ultrastructural characteristics of previously described helical or spiral bacteria. The relationship between the two organisms is unknown, but the pleomorphic rod is thought to play a major role in the disease. The role of a bacterial agent(s) in subsequent disease episodes is suggested by the observation that the use of @entity5385 -medicated feed resulted in increased production and survival. @entity4295 and shrimp mortality correlated directly with the extent of @entity281 by the small pleomorphic rod. Individual discrete bacteria were identified microscopically by Steiner and Steiner's method. Three major developmental stages of the disease were characterized based on the extent and number of hepatopancreatic tubular epithelial cells containing bacteria, the degree of tubular @entity32 , and the extent and chronicity of @entity4295 . Additional studies are needed to clarify the roles of the different bacteria identified and the potential role of environmental factors on the disease process.

title: Microscopic and ultrastructural studies of @entity39 hepatopancreatitis in XXXX ( @entity11320 ) cultured in Texas.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['Granulomatous hepatopancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatopancreatic tubular epithelial necrosis', 'tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5385 :: ('MESH:D010118', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytetracycline']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity11320 :: ('6689', 'Species') :: ['Pacific white shrimp', 'Penaeus vannamei']

answer: @entity11320 :: (6689,Species) :: ['Pacific white shrimp']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7623 is a syndrome characterised by severely delayed @entity356 of solids without an obvious underlying organic cause. Although delayed @entity356 is traditionally considered the mechanism underlying the symptoms in these @entity1 , poor correlations with symptom severity have been reported. AIMS: To investigate proximal stomach function and to study the correlation of delayed @entity356 and proximal @entity409 with symptom pattern and severity in @entity7623 . METHODS: 58 consecutive @entity1 (19 @entity1 , mean (standard deviation) age 41 (2) years) with severely delayed solid @entity356 (gastric half-emptying time (t(1/2))>109 min) without an organic cause were recruited. They filled out a symptom-severity questionnaire and underwent a gastric barostat study for assessment of gastric sensitivity and accommodation. Correlation of these mechanisms with symptom pattern and overall symptom severity (sum of individual symptoms) was analysed. RESULTS: At two different cut-off levels for @entity356 (upper limit of normal t(1/2) up to 1.5 and 2 times), no significant change in symptom pattern occurred. 25 (43%) @entity1 had impaired accommodation, and this was associated with higher prevalence of early satiety (p<0.005) and @entity353 (p = 0.009). 17 (29%) @entity1 had @entity1819 , and this was associated with higher prevalences of @entity158 (p = 0.005), early satiety (p = 0.04) and @entity353 (p<0.005). Overall symptom severity was not correlated with @entity356 or accommodation, but only with sensitivity to gastric distension (R = -0.3898, p = 0.003) and body weight (R = -0.4233, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 with @entity7623 , the symptom pattern is determined by proximal @entity409 rather than by the severity of delayed emptying.

title: Determinants of symptom pattern in idiopathic severely delayed @entity356 : @entity356 rate or proximal XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity to gastric distension']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['stomach dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity7623 :: ('MESH:D018589', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic gastroparesis', 'Idiopathic gastroparesis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric emptying']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['stomach dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The workplace environment has a great influence on employees' health. Job dissatisfaction has been widely recognised as a workplace stressor that can influence employees' psychological and physical health statuses. However, job satisfaction is a multi-dimensional concept, and it is necessary to investigate its different facets and their unique consequences. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the nine facets of job satisfaction and psychological health and somatic complaints (i.e., @entity25 , @entity10 , gastro-intestinal and respiratory problems). METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 567 Malaysian @entity1 working in the public sector. Data collection was conducted using a series of self-administered questionnaires. RESULTS: The results of this study show that there is a link between job satisfaction and @entity458 as well as four somatic complaints. Satisfaction with the nature of work was the strongest predictor for @entity458 , @entity25 , @entity10 and gastro-intestinal problems. CONCLUSION: From the results of this study, we conclude that there is a link between job satisfaction and the health status of employees. In addition, job satisfaction levels vary across different dimensions and can even differ from an individual's feelings of global job satisfaction. Policies and practices should focus on improving working conditions to enhance the fit of the job and the employee.

title: The Relationship Between Job Satisfaction and Psychological/Physical Health among Malaysian Working XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache', 'headaches']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: High-risk @entity1082 (hrHPV) is an essential cause of @entity2622 and is also strongly related to @entity5 development. The hrHPV E6 oncoprotein plays a major role in @entity105 . We aimed to evaluate the frequency of hrHPV DNA and E6 oncoprotein in the anuses of @entity1 with @entity2622 . We analyzed 117 @entity1 with @entity5 and 103 controls for hrHPV and the E6 oncogene. Positive test results for a @entity2622 included 66.7  % with hrHPV-16 and 7.7  % with hrHPV-18. One case tested positive for both HPV variants (0.9  %). The samples from the anal canal were positive for @entity1799 in 59.8  % of the cases. Simultaneous presence of HPV in the cervix and anal canal was found in 53.8  % of the cases. Regarding expression of E6 RNA, positivity for @entity1799 in the anal canal was found in 21.2  % of the cases, positivity for @entity1799 in the cervix was found in 75.0  %, and positivity for HPV-18 in the cervix was found in 1.9  %. E6 expression in both the cervix and anal canal was found in 19.2  % of the cases. In the controls, 1  % tested positive for @entity1799 and 0  % for HPV-18. Anal samples from the controls showed a hrHPV frequency of 4.9  % (only @entity1799 ). The presence of hrHPV in the anal canal of @entity1 with @entity5 was detected at a high frequency. We also detected E6 RNA expression in the anal canal of @entity1 with @entity5 , suggesting that these @entity1 are at risk for anal hrHPV @entity281 .

title: Clinical characteristics of @entity1 diagnosed with carcinoma who tested positive for cervical and anal high-risk XXXX DNA and E6 RNA.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['anal cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: The present study was designed to examine (1) whether there are vasodilator fibres in the masseter muscle, and (2) if there are, to establish the neural pathways mediating these responses in @entity4774 -anaesthetized @entity35 . Electrical stimulation of the central cut end of the lingual nerve (LN) elicited intensity- and frequency-dependent increases of the blood flow in the masseter muscle (MBF) and lower lip (LBF). Increases in both the MBF and LBF evoked by the LN stimulation were reduced by @entity4033 in a dose-dependent manner (1-10 mg kg(-1)). Pretreatment with @entity5521 or @entity1169 at a dose of 100 microg kg(-1) had no effect on the increases in either MBF or LBF evoked by LN stimulation. Pretreatment with @entity3897 (100 microg kg(-1)) significantly reduced the MBF increase induced by LN stimulation, but not that in the LBF. The sectioning of the superior cervical sympathetic trunk did not affect the responses. MBF increases occurred with electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion, and these increases were significantly reduced by the administration of @entity4033 and @entity3897 . @entity3303 microinjection into the trigeminal spinal nucleus or salivatory nuclei caused a significant attenuation of the LN-induced MBF increases. When @entity3505 germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was injected into the masseter muscle, labelled neurones were abundantly observed in the otic ganglion. The present study indicates that there are parasympathetic cholinergic and noncholinergic vasodilator fibres originating from cell bodies in the otic ganglion in the @entity35 masseter muscle. The MBF increase evoked by activation of the parasympathetic fibres occurred via the trigeminal mediated reflex, suggesting that the novel parasympathetic vasodilator response may play an important role in the regulation of the haemodynamics of jaw muscles.

title: Evidence for parasympathetic vasodilator fibres in the XXXX masseter muscle.

entities_list: @entity4033 :: ('MESH:D018738', 'Chemical') :: ['hexamethonium']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity4774 :: ('MESH:D014520', 'Chemical') :: ['urethane']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['Lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) for symptomatic recurrent or residual @entity43 . METHODS: A review was conducted on @entity1 (pts) treated with palliative RT for symptomatic @entity43 at The Ottawa Hospital Regional Cancer Centre between 1990 and 2003. @entity1 demographics, @entity5 factors, treatment variables, and clinical outcome were entered into a database. Symptom response was defined as complete (CR), partial (PR), or none. RESULTS: 62 courses of RT were delivered to 53 pts. The symptoms treated were: @entity548 (40%), @entity158 (37%), and "others" (23%). The most common dose fractionation scheme was 30 Gy in 10 fractions (f) (range: 5 Gy/1 f to 52.5 Gy/20 f). The overall response rate was 100%, with 68% achieving a CR. The CR rates were 88, 65, and 36% for the symptoms of @entity548 , @entity158 , and "others", respectively (P = 0.003). The median duration of response was 4.8 months (range: 1-71 months). In multivariate analysis, the only factors that were found to be significant positive predictors of symptom control were: the symptom @entity548 (P = 0.015) and stage III/IV disease at presentation (P = 0.01). The most commonly reported @entity137 were grades 1 and 2 @entity390 / @entity391 and @entity294 . There were no grade 3/4 @entity137 reported. CONCLUSIONS: Radiotherapy is highly effective in palliating symptomatic @entity43 . Excellent results are achieved for @entity1 presenting with @entity548 or @entity158 . Symptomatic @entity1 should be strongly considered for palliative radiotherapy. Higher doses of radiotherapy should be considered for those with symptoms other than @entity548 or @entity158 and those with longer life expectancies.

title: Effective palliative radiotherapy for symptomatic recurrent or residual XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: One hundred and eighteen @entity1 with inoperable @entity2 were randomly selected for treatment with @entity1499 , @entity786 , @entity4174 , and @entity1891 . These drugs were adminsitered simultaneously to one group of @entity1 and sequentially to the second group. As the statistically sicame evident (51% vs. 21%), an additional 85 cases were treated in this manner without randomization. The objective clinical responses were associated with prolonged survival. A higher response rate with the simultaneous treatment was also evident in @entity1 with @entity4153 (65% vs. 36%) as well as those with @entity957 (33% vs. 13%). These differences were not statistically significant. @entity137 remained within acceptable limits, with a 2% drug related mortality, and was similar in both treatment regimens. Initial performance status was definitely related to survival, but not to @entity5 response. @entity1 with @entity957 showing stabilization of @entity5 growth under treatment had the longest survival. Maintenance therapy with continued four-drug polychemotherapy was not superior to single agent maintenance with @entity786 .

title: Treatment of bronchogenic carcinoma with simultaneous or sequential combination chemotherapy, including @entity1499 , @entity786 , @entity4174 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4174 :: ('MESH:D011344', 'Chemical') :: ['procarbazine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity4153 :: ('MESH:D018288', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic small cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['epidermoid carcinomas', 'epidermoid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the lung']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1891 :: (MESH:D014750,Chemical) :: ['vincristine']


abstract: The aim of the study was to characterize both apoptotic and proliferating cells histologically and to analyze localisation and distribution of various apoptosis-associated proteins in @entity5 of different stages of degeneration in the animal model of @entity19230 -gene defect @entity19 . Such animals show clinical symptoms similar to those of @entity1 suffering from @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ) but develop the @entity5 's mainly in the small intestine. Tumours from all parts of the gut of 90 days old non-treated MIN- @entity19 were classified as @entity420 , histologically. The apoptosis-associated proteins @entity1380 , @entity1379 , @entity899 and the @entity10178 enzyme were investigated immunohistochemically. Additionally the localisation and distribution of proliferating ( @entity1603 -labeling) and apoptotic (KLENOW, TUNEL) cells were analysed. In the summary we point out: 1. The activity of apoptosis increases in early stage of @entity5 as a defensive mechanism of mucosa. 2. A decrease in apoptosis rate occurs during @entity105 . 3. The inversely correlating, clear @entity10178 accumulation accompanying @entity189 development supplies evidence for cyclooxygenase-inhibitor treatment is a promising therapeutic attempt in early stage of @entity1412 .

title: [ XXXX associated loss of apoptosis activity in intestinal neoplams in @entity19230 gene knock-out @entity19 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['Familial Adenomatous Polyposis', 'FAP']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity10178 :: (17709(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['COX-2']


abstract: The @entity286 gene g10 is preferentially and maximally expressed in mature pollen, shows homology to pectate lyases, and is the putative homologue of the @entity523 gene lat56. Analysis of regulatory elements within the g10 promoter was carried out to verify the importance of putative regulatory sequence motifs. Analysis of transgenic plants showed that 1190 bp of g10 5' sequence directed preferential expression of GUS in pollen, with bimodal peaks of expression just before and during pollen mitosis I, and in mature anthers. This was confirmed by northern analysis of native g10 transcripts in isolated spores. Transient expression analysis defined the minimal g10 promoter region capable of directing expression in pollen as -86 to +217. Three upstream regions within -427 bp modulate the expression from g10. Gain-of-function analyses showed that the region from -106 to -53 could enhance pollen-specific expression of a minimal @entity3260 35S promoter. These analyses further showed that sequences upstream of -86 modulate expression in pollen, but are not essential for preferential pollen expression. The function of a conserved GTGA motif shared between the @entity286 g10 and @entity523 lat56 promoters was demonstrated in g10. Thus, further functional evidence is provided for the conservation of mechanisms for the regulation of late pollen genes across species.

title: Functional analysis of cis-regulatory elements within the promoter of the XXXX late pollen gene g10.

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recently developed interventional radiologic techniques, such as @entity887 with @entity902 coils, may induce @entity715 formation within an @entity439 . The aim of the present study was to investigate the frequency of microemboli distal to untreated and treated @entity438 . METHODS: Among a total of 110 @entity1 treated with @entity902 coil @entity887 , 35 @entity1 (27 @entity1 and eight @entity1 , aged 50+/-10 years) who were at high risk of @entity63 complications underwent @entity999 with a transcranial Doppler sonographic monitoring system. All @entity1 were studied before and after coil @entity887 . The @entity439 were located at the internal carotid artery (n=14), the basilar artery (n=10), the middle cerebral artery (n=7), or the vertebral artery (n=4). Twenty-nine (85%) of 35 @entity1 were monitored within 6 hours of the completion of treatment. RESULTS: Microemboli distal to the @entity439 were not detected in any of the @entity1 before treatment. Microemboli were detected in 11 @entity1 (31%) after @entity887 (mean, 16+/-21 per hour; range, 1-74 per hour). Microemboli were detected in five (71%) of seven @entity1 in whom @entity63 complications occurred after treatment, but in only six (21%) of 28 asymptomatic @entity1 . This difference was statistically significant. The rate of occurrence of emboli in @entity1 with @entity63 complications (23+/-30 emboli per hour) was higher than in asymptomatic @entity1 (10+/-7 emboli per hour), but this difference was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: Microemboli were detected significantly more often in @entity1 who suffered from @entity2806 after coil @entity887 of an @entity438 . This observation supports the definition of a high-risk group of @entity1 with incomplete @entity887 or with a large-diameter, @entity439 . The early detection of microemboli after treatment may be an indicator for excessive intraaneurysmal @entity715 formation and could influence the decision for prophylactic treatment with heparin or @entity117 .

title: Detection of microemboli distal to XXXX before and after therapeutic @entity887 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['emboli detection']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolization']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'broad-neck aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysm', 'cerebral aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['cerebral aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between the severity of @entity1844 resulting from @entity626 ( @entity571 ) by an ultrasonographic grading system and the clinical symptoms and functions. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: A tertiary center. @entity1 : @entity1 (N=101) with and without subjective complaints of knee discomfort were consecutively enrolled. @entity1 who had ever received knee arthroplasty, who had @entity625 , and whose knee flexion range of motion was <90   were excluded. A total of 194 knees were evaluated. INTERVENTIONS: Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: A semiquantitative ultrasonographic grading system was used to evaluate the severity of @entity1844 . The clinical symptoms and functions were evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS), Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (WOMAC), and Lequesne index. The association of the VAS/WOMAC/Lequesne index with the ultrasonographic grading was assessed. RESULTS: Positive linear associations were found between the ultrasonographic grading and the following: the VAS and the total scores and @entity158 subscales of both the Lequesne index and WOMAC. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed grade-dependent association between VAS and ultrasonographic grading after adjusting for age, sex, and body mass index. The WOMAC and Lequesne index scores were associated with the ultrasonographic grading in more severe degrees, particularly in the @entity158 subscales. CONCLUSIONS: This semiquantitative ultrasonographic grading system may well reflect the clinical symptoms and functions related to knee @entity571 as evaluated by the VAS, WOMAC, and Lequesne index. This method provides a more comprehensive description and measurement of knee @entity571 .

title: Association between the severity of XXXX related to @entity626 by ultrasonographic evaluation and the clinical symptoms and functions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['femoral condylar cartilage erosion']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory arthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity1844 :: (MESH:D002357,Disease) :: ['femoral condylar cartilage erosion']


abstract: Mammary epithelial cells isolated from pregnant, nonlactating heifers were grown in vitro using collagen substrates. Using these systems, the truncated form of @entity16033 ( @entity16033 ) (des-3- @entity16033 ), @entity16033 , and @entity12304 all stimulated a significant (0.5 to 1 fold) increase in cell proliferation (des-3- @entity16033 greater than @entity16033 greater than @entity12304 ). When grown in media containing serum plus @entity16033 , normal @entity291 mammary cells also produced and secreted at least four species of IGF-binding protein (IGFBP) ranging from 21K to 48K (as demonstrated by ligand blot analysis). However, cells grown in serum free media secreted detectable quantities of only 2 major forms of IGFBP of 34K and 48K. Using immunoblot analysis, these proteins were identified as @entity21904 and @entity37644 , respectively. Both proteins were inducible by the addition of IGF to the serum free media (relative potency; @entity16033 greater than des-3- @entity16033 greater than @entity12304 ). Using RIA analysis, @entity291 mammary cells cultured in the presence of @entity16033 produced 20-25 ng/ml @entity21904 compared to control cultures which secrete approximately 1.0 ng/ml. Cells exposed to des-3- @entity16033 produced 40-60% less @entity21904 whereas insulin and @entity12304 did not stimulate significant @entity21904 production. These data indicate that normal @entity291 mammary cells secret @entity21904 and @entity37644 . This secretion is stimulated by @entity16033 and des-3- @entity16033 suggesting a mechanism for regulating local IGF activity.

title: The direct in vitro effect of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) on normal XXXX mammary cell proliferation and production of IGF binding proteins.

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity11123 ( @entity11123 ) is a @entity8032 that is occasionally associated with @entity1717 ( @entity1717 ) in the neonatal period. @entity14537 ( @entity14537 ) and @entity14234 ( @entity14234 ) are other @entity600 that may be complicated with @entity1717 , however, the detailed clinical characteristics of @entity1717 accompanied with these syndromes remain unclear. We herein conducted a nationwide questionnaire survey in Japan. We sent a primary questionnaire concerning the clinical experience for these syndromes to 347 perinatal care institutions. As a result, 222 departments or hospitals returned the questionnaires and the total numbers of @entity11123 , @entity14537 , and @entity14234 @entity1 were 113, 88, and 51, respectively. We sent a secondary questionnaire to 31 institutions where @entity1 with these syndromes presented with @entity1717 during infancy. The secondary questionnaires were returned from the institutions and the numbers of @entity1 were 16 for @entity11123 , 9 for @entity14537 , and 3 for @entity14234 , respectively. Then, we compared the clinical characteristics of @entity1 suffering from transient @entity1717 with and without these @entity4238 . As a result, @entity11123 , @entity14537 , and @entity14234 @entity1 showed significantly larger body size, lower Apgar scores, higher insulin levels at @entity1717 , and shorter durations of @entity1717 than non-dysmorphic @entity1 with transient @entity1717 . We propose that a careful observation for the signs of @entity1717 , even if not specific to the syndromes, is important for the diagnosis of @entity1 with @entity11123 , @entity14537 , and @entity14234 in the postnatal period.    2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia in @entity11123 , XXXX : A nationwide survey in Japan.

entities_list: @entity14537 :: ('MESH:D058495', 'Disease') :: ['Sotos syndrome', 'SS']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity14234 :: ('MESH:C537705', 'Disease') :: ['Kabuki syndrome', 'KS']

entities_list: @entity11123 :: ('MESH:D001506', 'Disease') :: ['BWS', 'Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformation syndromes']

entities_list: @entity1717 :: ('MESH:D044903', 'Disease') :: ['HH', 'hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4238 :: ('MESH:D057215', 'Disease') :: ['dysmorphic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity8032 :: ('MESH:D019214', 'Disease') :: ['congenital overgrowth syndrome']

answer: @entity14234 :: (MESH:C537705,Disease) :: ['Sotos, and Kabuki syndromes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intracranial-pressure (ICP) monitoring is useful for @entity1 with @entity428 following @entity64 . In this study, the changes in pressure gradients between the two cerebral hemispheres were investigated after @entity64 of one side, and after a craniotomy. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 with @entity1779 and @entity1779 who exhibited mass effect and midline shift to the contralateral side on computed tomography were selected for this study. After admission, both sides of the cranium were drilled, and optical fiber sensors were implanted to monitor the @entity75 ( @entity75 ) in both cerebral hemispheres. All @entity1 underwent surgical @entity1410 evacuations. The preoperative and postoperative @entity75 data from both cerebral hemispheres were collected at various time points and compared pairwise. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences (P < 0.01) in the preoperative @entity75 values between the two hemispheres at three different time points. Differences in the @entity75 values between the two hemispheres at the time of surgery, and 24 and 48 h after surgery, were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The posteroperative BPPs of both hemispheres were statistically significantly lower than preoperative recordings. CONCLUSIONS: @entity75 sensors should be applied to the injured cerebral hemisphere, because this becomes the source of @entity428 . @entity1410 evacuation surgery effectively decreases ICP and eliminates pressure gradients between the two cerebral hemispheres, consequently enabling brain shift correction.

title: Changes in intracranial pressure gradients between the cerebral hemispheres in XXXX with @entity1779 in one cerebral hemisphere.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['increased ICP']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['BPP', 'brain parenchyma pressure']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['Hematoma', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['acute cerebral hemorrhages', 'intracerebral hematomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: This article describes an immunocompetent @entity1 with a spinal @entity733 that developed from @entity7180 asteroides. @entity7180 is a rare etiology for spinal abscesses, especially in immunocompetent @entity1 . @entity7180 usually affects the lungs and brain of immunocompromised individuals. Few reports of @entity7180 involving bones or the spine have been published.The @entity1 had a history of @entity615 and had several procedures to alleviate the @entity158 . In August 1997, the @entity1 had an epidural block and a subsequent infection that was treated with antibiotics. In October 1997, she developed @entity615 greater than her baseline @entity1643 . Additional presenting symptoms were @entity221 , chills, and @entity390 . On admission, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed an @entity7181 . The @entity1 underwent irrigation and debridement. Postoperatively, the @entity1 was initially placed on broad-spectrum antibiotics. After 38 days, the culture was identified as N asteroides, and the @entity1 was placed on appropriate antibiotics. The @entity1 has been followed with MRI prior to the discovery of the @entity733 and annually since the @entity733 due to her baseline @entity1643 . No residual @entity733 was discovered.

title: @entity7180 XXXX : 14-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['increasing back pain', 'chronic back pain']

entities_list: @entity7181 :: ('MESH:D020802', 'Disease') :: ['epidural abscess']

answer: @entity7181 :: (MESH:D020802,Disease) :: ['spinal epidural abscess']


abstract: @entity16 in the region of an internal carotid artery @entity850 are considered to be embolic in most instances. Only in a subgroup has @entity432 with impairment of the collateral supply, caused a state of hemodynamic failure with marked reduction of perfusion pressure. Though unproven, it is reasonable to assume that without surgical intervention, the risk is higher than average for @entity1 with hemodynamic failure. Equally, should there be any postoperative improvement of cerebral blood flow or @entity51 , it should be looked for in this group. Thus, it is necessary to distinguish those with low perfusion pressure from the population of @entity1 with @entity2998 . Preoperative clinical evaluation and direct visualization of the carotid bifurcation should be supplemented by indirect physiological tests which allow assessment of collateral perfusion. Examination of periorbital flow direction or oculoplethysmography could be used as a screening procedure. Negative tests most certainly rule out any severe pressure gradient across the @entity850 , irrespective of the luminal reduction. A positive result, on the other hand, should be further quantified since most indirect tests become positive at relatively small pressure gradients. Studies of cerebral blood flow at rest and during cerebral vasodilation makes it possible to identify @entity1 with severe reduction of cerebral perfusion pressure. Such hemodynamic failure of one hemisphere may be identified in most cases by a conventional non-invasive xenon-133 technique and stationary detectors. Smaller focal regions of hypoperfusion may be identified by computer emission tomography, either by the detection of single-photon emission or by paired detection of annihilation photons. Endarterectomy does improve cerebral hemodynamics in terms of increased flow through the reconstructed vessel and elimination of pressure gradients. The cerebral blood flow, though remains unchanged in the majority of @entity1 , at least when measured at baseline. Only in those @entity1 with a reduction in perfusion pressure can a significant improvement in baseline flow occur. Flow reserve determined by cerebral vasodilation, however, will improve in most @entity1 with hemodynamic failure. In addition, some @entity1 in the low-pressure group develop marked, but temporary, hyperperfusion after reconstruction of very high grade @entity543 . This is considered a result of chronic low perfusion pressure with subsequent loss of autoregulation, and autoregulatory control is first regained after some days.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Hemodynamic significance of internal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurologic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery disease']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic deficits']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['carotid occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

answer: @entity2998 :: (MESH:D002340,Disease) :: ['carotid artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Biomarkers provide clinicians with a predictable model for the diagnosis, treatment and follow-up of medical ailments. Psychiatry has lagged behind other areas of medicine in the identification of biomarkers for clinical diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we investigated the current state of neuroimaging as it pertains to biomarkers for @entity716 . METHODS: We reviewed systematic reviews and meta-analyses of the structural (sMRI), functional (fMRI), diffusion-tensor (DTI), Positron emission tomography (PET) and spectroscopy (MRS) studies of subjects at-risk or those with an established @entity161 . Only articles reporting effect-sizes and confidence intervals were included in an assessment of robustness. RESULTS: Out of the identified meta-analyses and systematic reviews, 21 studies met the inclusion criteria for assessment. There were 13 sMRI, 4 PET, 3 MRS, and 1 DTI studies. The search terms included in the current review encompassed familial high risk (FHR), @entity922 ( @entity922 ), First episode (FES), Chronic (CSZ), @entity72 ( @entity72 ), and @entity23 ( @entity23 ). CONCLUSIONS: Currently, few neuroimaging biomarkers can be considered ready for diagnostic use in @entity1 with @entity716 . At least in part, this may be related to the challenges inherent in the current symptom-based approach to classifying these disorders. While available studies suggest a possible value of imaging biomarkers for monitoring disease progression, more systematic research is needed. To date, the best value of imaging data in @entity914 has been to shed light on questions of disease pathophysiology, especially through the characterization of endophenotypes.

title: Neuroimaging Biomarkers for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['SSD', 'schizophrenia spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic illness']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinical high risk', 'CHR']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['Psychosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Analysis of published survival curves can be used as the basis for incremental cost-effectiveness analyses in which two treatments are compared with one another in terms of cost per life-year saved. In @entity1 with @entity1860 in chronic phase, long-term treatment with alpha-interferon has been reported to improve survival in comparison with standard treatments with cytotoxic drugs. To assess the pharmacoeconomic profile of interferon treatment in terms of cost per life-year gained, we conducted an incremental cost-effectiveness analysis. @entity1 AND METHODS: The clinical material utilised in our analysis derived from four published randomised trials comparing interferon vs. busulphan or @entity1862 . The Gompertz model was used to estimate the total lifetime values of @entity1 -years of subjects receiving interferon in comparison with subjects given a standard cytotoxic treatment. RESULTS: Our primary analysis showed that maintenance treatment with interferon improved survival expectancy by 37 to 93 discounted years for every 100 @entity1 . The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of interferon vs. cytotoxic therapy ranged from  93,000 to  226,000 per life-year gained (discounted costs per discounted years). A secondary analysis showed that the dose of interferon had significant influence on the cost-effectiveness ratio. Because our literature search identified a fifth study that showed an extremely favourable outcome using interferon but that was not included in our primary analysis due to its design, we conducted another secondary analysis based on these five studies that, however, confirmed the results of the primary analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our study indicates that an unselected long-term treatment with interferon implies an unfavourable cost effectiveness ranking in comparison with data of cost per life-year gained which had previously been obtained from other types of medical intervention.

title: Cost-effectiveness of interferon in XXXX : analysis of four clinical studies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['chronic myeloid leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['chronic myeloid leukaemia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The relationship between @entity281 and susceptibility to @entity311 remains unclear. We studied the relationship between these infections. Seven schools in Ilero, Nigeria referred all pupils with @entity221 to our study center for free @entity311 treatment during a 3-month study period. At the end, all pupils submitted a stool sample for microscopic investigation for helminth eggs. We used an unmatched case-control design to calculate the odds ratios for @entity281 in @entity1 with at least one attack of @entity311 (cases) and @entity1 with no @entity311 episodes during the study (controls). We recorded 115 @entity311 cases in 82 of 354 (23.2%), 16 of 736 (2.2%), and 17 of 348 (4.7%) @entity1 ages  <= 5, 6-10, and 11-15 years old, respectively (P = 0.001). @entity281 rate in cases was 21 of 115 (18.3%) compared with 456 of 1,327 (34.4%) in controls. Weighted odds ratio stratified by age group for @entity281 in cases versus controls was 0.50 (95% confidence interval = 0.2-0.84, P < 0.01). Ascaris and hookworm were the most common helminths detected, with prevalence rates of 14 (12.2%) and 6 (5.2%) among cases compared with 333 (25.1%) and 132 (10.0%) in controls, respectively (P = 0.001). The negative association between @entity281 and @entity311 may be of importance in the design of deworming programs.

title: Epidemiological Study of the Association Between XXXX in Nigeria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal helminth infection', 'helminth infection', 'Helminth infection']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['Malaria and Helminth Infections']


abstract: Piritrexim is a lipid-soluble antifolate which, like @entity1499 , has a potent capacity to inhibit @entity9796 reductase. We performed a multicentre phase II study with piritrexim in @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic @entity0 . Twenty-four @entity1 of which sixteen had received prior chemotherapy, were initially treated with 25 mg @entity27308 orally administered trice daily for four days, repeated weekly, with provision for dose escalation or reduction according to observed @entity137 . Of twenty-one @entity1 evaluable for @entity5 response, one @entity1 achieved a partial response which lasted for 24 weeks. Three @entity1 had stable disease during 12 weeks of treatment, seventeen had @entity74 . Pirtrexim was generally well tolerated, in eighteen @entity1 the dose could be escalated. Myelotoxicity was the most frequent observed @entity137 of this piritrexim regimen. @entity1210 and @entity882 grade 3/4 occurred in 38% of the @entity1 sometime during treatment. Pharmacokinetic analysis of piritrexim in three @entity1 during the first treatment cycle, revealed peak levels 1 to 2 h after an oral dose, with a trend towards a higher peak plasma levels and AUCs on the fourth dosing day compared with the first dosing day. In conclusion, orally administered piritrexim appears to be a regimen with little activity in @entity1 with locally advanced or metastatic @entity0 .

title: A phase II and pharmacokinetic study with oral piritrexim for metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity27308 :: ('MESH:C024530', 'Chemical') :: ['piritrexim']

entities_list: @entity9796 :: ('MESH:C010920', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrofolate']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['Leucopenia']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spinal @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptor activation has been demonstrated to play an important role in the processing of spinal nociceptive information and in the determination of the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration (MAC) of inhalational anesthetics. @entity12745 ( @entity12745 )/ @entity29241 ( @entity29241 ), a molecular scaffolding protein that binds and clusters the @entity143 receptor perferentially at synapses, was implicated in @entity143 -induced thermal @entity1931 . The current study investigated the possible involvement of @entity12745 /SAP9O in determining MAC for @entity5161 anesthesia. METHODS: @entity35 were pretreated intrathecally with @entity12745 / @entity29241 antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotide (ODN), sense ODN, missense ODN, or saline every 24 h for 4 days. After initial baseline determination of the MAC, @entity143 or saline was injected intrathecally. Ten minutes later, MAC measurement was repeated. The @entity35 also were evaluated for the presence of @entity717 by intrathecal administration of @entity143 or saline in the saline- and ODN-treated @entity35 . RESULTS: In the groups treated with antisense ODNs, but not in those treated with sense or missense ODNs, there was a significant decrease in @entity5161 MAC that was not accompanied by marked changes in either blood pressure or heart rate. In the saline-treated group, intrathecal @entity143 caused an increase in @entity5161 MAC. In contrast, in the antisense ODN-treated group, intrathecal @entity143 did not produce a significant change in @entity5161 MAC. An @entity143 -induced @entity101 but not heart rate was found in both saline- and antisense ODN-treated groups. Locomotor activity was not changed in any of the treated animals. CONCLUSION: The results indicate not only a significant decrease in MAC for @entity5161 but also an attenuation in the @entity143 -induced increase in @entity5161 MAC in the @entity12745 / @entity29241 antisense-treated animals, which suggests that @entity12745 / @entity29241 may mediate the role of the @entity143 receptor in determining the MAC of inhalational anesthetics.

title: Effect of the deficiency of spinal XXXX / @entity29241 on the minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration of @entity5161 in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['locomotor dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

answer: @entity12745 :: (116681(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['PSD-95']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative risk of @entity358 among @entity1 with @entity1569 , @entity5144 , and @entity29 treated with @entity1499 . DATA SOURCES: PubMed, Cochrane central register of controlled trials, and Embase to 9 January 2014. STUDY SELECTION: Double blind randomised controlled trials of @entity1499 versus placebo or active comparator agents in adults with @entity5144 , @entity1569 , or @entity29 . Studies with fewer than 50 @entity1 or of less than 12 weeks' duration were excluded. DATA SYNTHESIS: Two investigators independently searched both databases. All authors reviewed selected studies. We compared relative risk differences using the Mantel-Haenszel random effects method to assess total respiratory adverse events, infectious respiratory adverse events, non-infectious respiratory adverse events, @entity401 , and @entity204 . RESULTS: Seven studies met our inclusion criteria, six with placebo as the comparator. Heterogeneity across the studies was not significant (I(2)=0%), allowing combination of trial results. 504 respiratory adverse events were documented in 1630 @entity1 . @entity1499 was not associated with an increased risk of adverse respiratory events (relative risk 1.03, 95% confidence interval 0.90 to 1.17), @entity1729 (1.02, 0.88 to 1.19), or non-infectious respiratory events (1.07, 0.58 to 1.96). No @entity204 occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggested that there was no increased risk of @entity358 in @entity1499 treated @entity1 with non-malignant inflammatory diseases. Given the limitations of the study, however, we cannot exclude a small but clinically important risk.

title: @entity1499 use and risk of @entity358 in @entity1569 , XXXX , and @entity29 : systematic literature review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1569 :: ('MESH:D011565', 'Disease') :: ['psoriasis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']

entities_list: @entity5144 :: ('MESH:D015535', 'Disease') :: ['psoriatic arthritis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease', 'pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate', 'methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary deaths', 'death']

answer: @entity5144 :: (MESH:D015535,Disease) :: ['psoriatic arthritis']


abstract: The relationship between early growth and adult femoral geometry has not been studied previously. In 333 adults, we were able to show that @entity1 weight predicts @entity2096 and cross-sectional moment of inertia but not femoral neck length. These results support the hypothesis that growth in early life leads to persisting differences in proximal femoral geometry. INTRODUCTION: Both femoral geometry and bone mass have been shown independently to predict both hip strength and @entity174 risk. Whereas growth during intrauterine and early postnatal life has been shown to influence adult bone mass, the relationship between growth in early life and adult femoral geometry has not been described previously. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied the relationship between growth during early life, adult hip geometry, and proximal femur bone mass in a sample of 333 @entity1 and @entity1 (60-75 years of age), for whom birth weight and weight at 1 year of age were recorded. Hip geometry was derived using Hip Structure Analysis software from proximal femur DXA scans (Hologic QDR 1000). RESULTS: There were significant (p < 0.002) relationships between weight at age 1 year and measures of @entity2096 as well as intertrochanteric (IT) cross-sectional moment of inertia (CSMI), but not with femoral neck length. The relationships with measures of @entity2096 but not CSMI remained after adjusting for adult body weight and were independent of proximal femoral BMC. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that different patterns of growth in utero and during the first year of life lead to persisting differences in proximal femoral geometry, thereby mediating in part the effects of early growth on risk of @entity173 in adulthood.

title: XXXX growth influences proximal femoral geometry in adulthood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infant', 'men']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['femoral width']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Infant']


abstract: Large deletions of exons 2 and 3 of the @entity9996 gene are the most common type of @entity9996 mutation in lymphocytes of newborn @entity1 , and their frequency increases in cultured @entity1 T-lymphoid cells as a result of exposure to @entity2879 . Sequenced PCR products for these deletions are consistent with a V(D)J recombinase-mediated mechanism underlying their genesis. Herein, we describe the isolation and characterization of an @entity2879 -induced mutant CEM cell line that is clonal for a V(D)J recombinase-mediated exon 2 + 3 deletion. @entity1 CCRF-CEM cells were exposed to 5 muM @entity2879 for 4 h, selected in @entity332 , and an exon 2 + 3 deletion mutant was isolated through serial limiting dilution, using a PCR-based assay for detection of the exon 2 + 3 deletion. Untreated CEM cells and cells treated with @entity332 alone were similarly subcultured. The exon 2 + 3 deletion-containing line was termed SJCEM808 and had a slightly longer doubling time than the control lines, tended to clump in suspension, and was characterized by cell membrane blebbing. Compared to the parent line, SJCEM808 had similar cytogenetic abnormalities, lower @entity3138 , @entity4897 , and @entity2282 expression, and negligible @entity12656 expression. However, @entity12656 expression was down-regulated in some untreated parental subclones following similar subculturing. The sequence of the exon 2 + 3 deletion mutation exhibited @entity377 insertions, and the breakpoints were adjacent to heptamer signal recognition sequences in intact @entity9996 , consistent with a V(D)J recombinase-mediated mechanism underlying its genesis. There were no @entity11626 gene or interlocus T-cell receptor (TCR) rearrangements. These results indicate that non-homologous recombination following @entity2879 treatment is neither necessarily accompanied by other large DNA rearrangements nor simply a pre-lethal event, and this cell line may serve as a useful tool for studying illegitimate V(D)J recombinase-mediated deletions.

title: A @entity1 lymphoid leukemia cell line with a V(D)J recombinase-mediated deletion of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'infants', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity332 :: ('MESH:D013866', 'Chemical') :: ['6-thioguanine']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

answer: @entity9996 :: (3251,Gene) :: ['hprt']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated sagittal spinal balance was more important than coronal balance in terms of clinical result of surgery for adult @entity85 . Notably, Schwab reported that one of the target spinopelvic parameters for corrective surgery was that pelvic incidence (PI) minus @entity1515 ( @entity1515 ) should be within +/- 10   . The present study aimed to investigate whether the clinical outcome of corrective fusion surgery was really poor for @entity1 who could not acquire sufficient PI- @entity1515 value through the surgery. METHODS: The present study included 13 @entity1 (mean 68.5 yrs old) with adult @entity85 . Inclusion criteria were corrective fusion surgery more than 4 intervertebral levels, PI- @entity1515 >= 10   on the whole spine X-ray immediately after surgery, and follow-up period >= 3 years. All surgeries were performed by posterior approach. Parameters using SRS-Schwab classification, proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) of >= 15  , implants loosening, and non-union were investigated using the total standing spinal X-ray. Clinical outcomes were evaluated by Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores (JOA score), @entity717 Index, SF-36, Visual Analog Scale for @entity1643 , and satisfaction for surgery using SRS-22 questionnaire. RESULTS: All @entity1 showed the PI- @entity1515 >= 20   before surgery. Although the @entity1515 were acquired mean 23.6   after surgery, significant loss of correction was observed at final follow up. The acquired coronal spinal alignment was maintained within the follow-up period. However, sagittal vertical axis (SVA) was shifted forward significantly, from mean 4.5cm immediately after surgery to 11.1cm at final follow-up. Five @entity1 showed PJK, 10 @entity1 showed implants loosening, 8 @entity1 showed non-union at final follow-up. The JOA score and mental health summary measures of SF-36 were significantly improved at final follow-up. The satisfaction score was mean 3.3 points, including 3 @entity1 with >= 4 points, at final follow-up. The satisfaction score correlated negatively with SVA at final follow-up (  =-0.58 p=0.03). CONCLUSIONS: The forward shift of SVA was frequently observed, and SVA at final follow-up related to the @entity1 's satisfaction of surgery. This study indicated the importance of postoperative PI- @entity1515 value, but also noted 23% of @entity1 acquired good SVA and satisfaction nevertheless they had inadequate postoperative @entity1515 .

title: Mid- and long-term clinical outcomes of corrective fusion surgery which did not achieve sufficient pelvic incidence minus @entity1515 value for adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back pain']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar lordosis', 'LL']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry Disability']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['spinal deformity']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['spinal deformity']


abstract: Over a 30-month period (May 1988 to November 1990) 143 acutely @entity63 lower extremities (126 @entity1 ) were treated with an aggressive surgical approach that included ankle level @entity432 . Twelve lower extremities in 10 @entity1 that remained @entity63 were further treated with adjuvant ankle level urokinase infusion. Sixteen ankle level arteries in 12 extremities were infused with an intraoperative bolus (1 to 2) of urokinase (50,000 to 100,000 units). Continuous postoperative urokinase (25,000 to 50,000 units per catheter per hour x 1 to 5 days) was infused through ankle level arteriotomies in 10 extremities (14 arteries) that did not improve with the initial intraoperative bolus. Concomitant bypass grafting was necessary in four extremities. With adequate inflow established, adjuvant ankle level urokinase salvaged all 12 extremities. The mean increase in ankle/brachial pressure index was 0.84. During continuous postoperative urokinase infusion, lower @entity548 requiring blood transfusion occurred in four @entity1 (50%). No @entity204 occurred in the operative period. Although @entity5925 occurred in 90% of @entity1 , no @entity1 had @entity177 . The addition of ankle level urokinase delivery increased the potential limb salvage from 90% of the entire 143 extremities treated during this period to an actual limb salvage of 98%. A mean follow up of 13 months (6 to 36 months) identified one late amputation. Despite the demanding postoperative management required in these @entity1 and the frequent need for early reoperation, the limb salvage obtained justifies this aggressive adjuvant technique in the management of the acutely @entity63 lower extremity.

title: Increased limb salvage with intraoperative and postoperative ankle level urokinase infusion in acute lower extremity XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['extremity bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity5925 :: ('MESH:D012206', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyolysis']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['tibial-peroneal artery thromboembolectomy']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: Sixty-three @entity1 with severe acute @entity788 have been studied. @entity788 was associated with @entity253 in 23 @entity1 (36.5%) and with @entity988 in 21 (33.3%). It occurred post-operatively in 9, and was associated with other conditions in 10. We evaluated the @entity51 ( @entity51 ) with the appearance of complications. 36 @entity1 (57.2%) had 3-4 @entity51 , 9 (30.2%) had 5-6 @entity51 and 8 (12.6%) had 7 or more @entity51 . Diagnostic laparotomy was performed in 11 @entity1 (17.5%). 55 @entity1 were operated one or more times due to failure of medical treatment and/or local and septic complications. The most frequent complications were @entity788 (60.3%), @entity295 (58.7%) and @entity338 (52.4%). @entity177 occurred in 26 @entity1 and 9 required dialysis. Of the @entity1 with @entity177 , 84.6% (22/26) had 4 or more @entity51 ; 78.4% (29/37) of those with @entity295 and 71.6% (27/38) of those with @entity788 also had 4 or more @entity51 . The mean duration of hospitalization of survivors was 58 +/- 30 days. Overall mortality was 28.6%. We conclude that @entity51 are helpful to predict complications in @entity1 with severe @entity788 .

title: [Acute severe XXXX . Analysis of mortality and morbidity].

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['Pancreatitis', 'pancreatitis', 'pancreatic abscess']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['RPS', 'Ranson prognostic signs']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract disease']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: An unusual low-grade metaplastic carcinoma (m  @entity6962 ) of the uterine corpus occurring in a 45-year-old @entity1 is presented. The @entity5 was polypoid and showed an initial invasion into the myometrium. The epithelial component was composed of low-grade endometrioid glands that focally showed an unusual oxyphilic change of the cytoplasm. These cells contained only a small amount of mitochondria detected with antimitochondrial antibody. The stromal component contained small round cells of bland appearance and appeared to arise from epithelial cells through a metaplastic process, as a gradual transition between epithelial and stromal cells was often seen. An invasive marginal zone of the @entity5 showed @entity4348 pattern without any stromal component. The proliferative activity generally was low. Interestingly, it was clearly accentuated in the epithelial component especially in the peripheral invasive areas, whereas it was very low in the stromal component. The course of disease was indolent. Low-grade m  @entity6962 is to be distinguished from other @entity5 .

title: Low-grade metaplastic adenocarcinoma ( XXXX ) of the uterus: report of an unusual case.

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'biphasic m  llerian tumors']

entities_list: @entity6962 :: ('MESH:D002296', 'Disease') :: ['llerian carcinosarcoma']

answer: @entity6962 :: (MESH:D002296,Disease) :: ['carcinosarcoma']


abstract: Dr. Wagner's description of an advanced macronodular @entity82 is compatible with @entity3851 due to a variety of causes. An alcoholic etiology seems more probable than chronic viral @entity99 since such a diagnosis might also account for the chronic @entity788 , unless it was related to the @entity2963 . However, Dr. Wagner's description favors a diagnosis of biliary pigment sludge related to @entity2142 . Furthermore, the controversy over the extent of Beethoven's @entity167 consumption and the absence of mention of pancreatic @entity730 weakens the case for an alcoholic etiology. On the other hand, Dr. Wagner's emphasis of bluish-green pigmentation of the liver, blackish pigmentation of the spleen, and an arteropathy of the hepatic vessels suggests the probability of @entity9595 , which diagnosis is also in keeping with Beethoven's medical history. In this regard the composer's history of recurrent obscure @entity490 , commencing in his third decade, is especially in keeping with @entity9595 . As many as a third of @entity1 present with recurrent @entity490 , and eventually up to 40% of cases develop significant @entity490 in the course of their disease. While some of these cases of @entity490 have been attributed to @entity157 , @entity843 , @entity788 , perisplenitis, or @entity3949 , the majority remain ill-defined (32). Even so, the diagnosis of @entity9595 remains unproved in the absence of a histological examination and measurement of hepatic @entity68 concentration. It is proposed that the combined additive, toxic effects of @entity167 and @entity68 were the most likely cause of Beethoven's @entity82 .

title: Was Beethoven's @entity82 due to XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity9595 :: ('MESH:D006432', 'Disease') :: ['hemochromatosis']

answer: @entity9595 :: (MESH:D006432,Disease) :: ['hemochromatosis']