abstract: During @entity1 embryogenesis the trophectoderm represents the first epithelial structure formed. The cell adhesion molecule @entity3112 is ultimately necessary for the transition from compacted morula to the formation of the blastocyst to ensure correct establishment of adhesion junctions in the trophectoderm. Here, we analyzed to what extent @entity3112 confers unique adhesion and signaling properties in trophectoderm formation in vivo. Using a gene replacement approach, we introduced @entity21043 cDNA into the @entity3112 genomic locus. We show that the expression of @entity21043 driven from the @entity3112 locus reflects the expression pattern of endogenous @entity3112 . Heterozygous @entity19 co-expressing E- and @entity21043 are vital and show normal embryonic development. Interestingly, @entity21043 homozygous mutant embryos phenocopy @entity3112 -null mutant embryos. Upon removal of the maternal @entity3112 , we demonstrate that @entity21043 is able to provide sufficient cellular adhesion to mediate morula compaction, but is insufficient for the subsequent formation of a fully polarized functional trophectoderm. When ES cells were isolated from @entity21043 homozygous mutant embryos and @entity44 were produced, these ES cells differentiated into a large variety of tissue-like structures. Importantly, different epithelial-like structures expressing @entity21043 were formed, including @entity1576 , @entity1544 with signs of keratinization and secretory epithelia with goblet cells. Thus, @entity21043 can maintain epithelia in differentiating ES cells, but not during the formation of the trophectoderm. Our results point to a specific and unique function for @entity3112 during @entity19 preimplantation development.

title: Gene replacement reveals a specific role for XXXX in the formation of a functional trophectoderm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratomas']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous epithelia']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory epithelia']

answer: @entity3112 :: (12550(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['E-cadherin']


abstract: The objective of this prospective study was to evaluate the role of preoperative ultrasonography (US) for @entity8611 localization in @entity1 with @entity459 ( @entity459 ) prior to initial surgery. Fifty-two consecutive @entity1 with @entity459 , diagnosed in our institution within a period of 2 years, were referred for preoperative US and subsequently for bilateral surgical neck exploration. The combination of a confirmatory pathologic report and normalization of blood @entity460 concentration for a period of at least 3 months was considered an operative success. In 50 @entity1 (96.2%) a single @entity3243 was excised, and in one @entity1 (1.9%) hyperplasia of three glands was found at surgery. In the one surgical failure, no parathyroid pathology was identified in the neck; therefore the operative success in this series was 98%. The sensitivity of preoperative US was 83% with a specificity of 100%. In the absence of @entity1374 ( @entity66 ), the sensitivity of preoperative US increased to 90%, whereas in @entity1 with @entity66 the sensitivity was only 64%. Our findings support the notion that @entity1 with @entity459 should be investigated with US before initial surgery. Bilateral surgical exploration is warranted in @entity1 with @entity66 . In the absence of such thyroid pathology, an US finding positive for @entity652 should allow the surgeon to perform unilateral neck exploration only, with consequent reduction of operation time and @entity260 .

title: High-resolution ultrasonography: highly sensitive, specific technique for preoperative localization of XXXX in the absence of multinodular @entity1374 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism', 'PHPT']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity8611 :: ('MESH:D010279', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid lesion']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity3243 :: ('MESH:D010282', 'Disease') :: ['parathyroid adenoma']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid multinodular disease']

answer: @entity3243 :: (MESH:D010282,Disease) :: ['parathyroid adenoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: Severe @entity565 exacerbations during pregnancy are a common complication leading to poor health outcomes for both the mother and the baby. @entity565 exacerbations are caused most frequently by respiratory viruses. A balance between antiviral and inflammatory immune responses is critical during pregnancy; the balance may be altered by @entity1729 . METHODS: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from (i) non-pregnant healthy controls, (ii) pregnant non-asthmatics, (iii) post-partum non-asthmatics, (iv) non-pregnant asthmatics (v) pregnant asthmatics, and (vi) post-partum asthmatics. Cells were cultured in vitro with the mitogen phytohaemagglutinin or with a strain of the 2009 pandemic @entity1707 @entity683 . Interferon (IFN)-y, @entity688 and @entity4155 protein were measured from culture supernatant. Neutrophil counts were obtained in samples from pregnant and post-partum @entity1 . RESULTS: Following the phytohaemagglutinin stimulation of PBMCs, pregnant asthmatics had significantly higher @entity4155 and significantly lower @entity379 responses compared with healthy non-pregnant @entity1 . Following infection with @entity683 , a significant reduction was also observed in @entity379 and @entity688 production from PBMC of pregnant asthmatics. The @entity4155 response to phytohaemagglutinin correlated with the neutrophil percentage. Differences in @entity379 , @entity688 and @entity4155 were found to persist for at least 6 months post-partum. CONCLUSIONS: A reduction in antiviral and regulatory immunity with @entity32 during pregnancy occurs in PBMC from pregnant @entity1 with @entity565 . This novel information may relate to the increased susceptibility and disease severity to respiratory virus infections observed during pregnancy.

title: Alterations in inflammatory, antiviral and regulatory cytokine responses in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from pregnant XXXX with @entity565 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['increased inflammation']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['asthma', 'Asthma']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['asthma and respiratory virus infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: To study the effectiveness of laryngotracheal reconstruction with rib cartilage graft for @entity850 and/or anterior neck defect, 62 @entity1 with @entity850 and/or anterior neck defect underwent laryngotracheal reconstruction with autogenous rib cartilage graft. The surgical procedures were laryngotracheotomy with rib cartilage graft interposition and @entity6619 -tube stent placed in the region of @entity850 and/or anterior neck defect for the period of between 10 days and 12 months. Three @entity1 with @entity5142 and @entity4048 underwent a single-stage reconstruction with a combined rib cartilage graft interposition and fasciocutaneous flap reparation. One @entity1 with a complex subglottic and superior @entity6184 underwent a staged operation. Of the 62 @entity1 , 46 @entity1 (74.1%) were successfully decannulated. One @entity1 had combined @entity5142 , which was healed, and superior @entity6184 , which is undergoing treatment. 15 @entity1 (24.2%) had failure in decannulation due to either wound @entity281 followed by rib cartilage @entity39 , or granulation tissue formation and @entity256 . Of these 15 @entity1 , ten required revision operations and @entity245 . The duration of follow-up ranged from 1 to 10 years. Of 46 @entity1 , who were successfully decannulated, 36 had a satisfactory airway and a functional voice; two had @entity256 due to partial laryngectomy for laryngocarcinoma recurrence 1 year after decannulation; eight were lost to follow-up after successfully decannulated. We conclude that this method can provide effective treatment for @entity850 and/or @entity4048 . It is relatively simple with a high decannulation rate in selected @entity1 .

title: Laryngotracheal reconstruction with autogenous rib cartilage graft for XXXX and/or anterior neck defect.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['delayed healing']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity6184 :: ('MESH:D014135', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic tracheal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['anterior neck defects']

entities_list: @entity5142 :: ('MESH:D007829', 'Disease') :: ['subglottic stenosis', 'complex subglottic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['laryngotracheal stenosis', 'complex laryngotracheal stenosis']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['complex laryngotracheal stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity37415 ( @entity37415 ) is a novel 130-nm, albumin-bound (nab) particle form of @entity1311 designed to utilize endogenous albumin pathways to increase intratumor concentrations of the active drug. This multicenter phase II study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity37415 260 mg/m2 every 3 weeks in @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: @entity1 with histologically confirmed, measurable @entity1149 received @entity37415 as first-line therapy. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity1 were enrolled. The overall response rate was 16%; the disease control rate was 49%. Median time to progression was 6 months, and median survival was 11 months. The probability of not having progressed by 1 year was 13%; the probability of surviving 1 year was 45%. No severe @entity56 reactions were reported despite the lack of premedication; 95% of @entity1 were treated without dose reduction. Two @entity1 (5%) discontinued therapy because of treatment-related @entity137 ( @entity16 , fatigue [1 each]). No grade 4 treatment-related @entity137 occurred. CONCLUSIONS: @entity37415 260 mg/m2 administered IV over 30 min without premedication was well tolerated. Significant @entity5 responses and prolonged disease control were documented in this group of @entity1 with @entity1149 . Exploration of higher doses of @entity37415 alone and in combination with other drugs active in @entity1149 is warranted.

title: XXXX , a novel Cremophor-free, albumin-bound particle form of @entity1311 for the treatment of advanced @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitivity']

answer: @entity37415 :: (MESH:C466458,Chemical) :: ['Abraxane']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Drug-eluting stents have been shown to reduce @entity256 in many types of lesions. The purpose of this article is to assess the efficacy of @entity3446 - and @entity1311 -eluting stents in @entity1 with bifurcation lesions. METHODS: Between June 2003 and October 2004, 205 @entity1 were enrolled in a prospective randomized trial; 103 @entity1 were assigned to @entity3446 stents and 102 @entity1 to @entity1311 stents. All @entity1 were treated by provisional T-stenting. RESULTS: There were no differences between groups in terms of age, risk factors, clinical condition, location of the bifurcation lesion, or other technical factors. Angiographic data and immediate results were also similar in both groups. Three @entity1 developed inhospital non-Q-wave acute @entity583 (2 from the @entity3446 group and 1 from the @entity1311 group). Follow-up angiography was obtained in 109 @entity1 (53%). In the @entity3446 group, 5 @entity1 developed @entity256 (9%): 1 at the main vessel, 2 at the side branch, and 2 in both branches. In contrast, 16 @entity1 from the @entity1311 group had @entity256 (29%): 6 at the main vessel, 5 at the side branch, and 5 in both branches. @entity75 revascularization at 24 +/- 5 months post stenting occurred in 4 @entity1 from the @entity3446 group (4%) and in 13 from the @entity1311 group (13%) (P < .05). Late loss at the main vessel in the @entity3446 group @entity1 was 0.31 +/- 0.59 versus 0.60 +/- 0.77 mm in @entity1 from the @entity1311 group (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with bifurcation lesions treated by @entity3446 showed significantly lower rates of late loss, @entity256 and @entity75 revascularization than @entity1 treated with @entity1311 -eluting stents.

title: Drug-eluting stents for the treatment of bifurcation lesions: a randomized comparison between XXXX and @entity3446 stents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Target lesion', 'target lesion']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim was to study the L-type @entity460 current (ICa,L) in cardiac myocytes as a possible target of insulin in the regulation of cardiac function. METHOD: Using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique, we investigated the stimulation of ICa,L by insulin in isolated @entity35 ventricular myocytes. RESULTS: The stimulation of ICa,L by insulin was dose-dependent (EC50 = 33 nM) and reversible. Maximum stimulation of ICa,L over basal ICa,L was 86 +/- 11% (n = 25) at 1 microM insulin. Insulin (1 microM) shifted the current-voltage relationship and potential-dependent availability of ICa,L to more negative potentials by about 3.5 and 1.5 mV, respectively. The maximum conductance of ICa,L was increased by 1 microM insulin, from 26 +/- 4 to 39 +/- 5 nS (n = 11). @entity3044 (100 nM), which stimulated ICa,L by 156 +/- 23% (n = 10) over basal ICa,L, acted faster than insulin. The half-maximum stimulation of ICa,L by @entity3044 and insulin was reached after 44 +/- 5 and 80 +/- 9 s, respectively. Insulin and @entity3044 responses were not additive. Insulin (1 microM) and @entity3044 (100 nM) stimulation of ICa,L was inhibited by @entity10995 (1 mM) to 12 +/- 3 and 32 +/- 4%, respectively. Insulin (1 microM) increased @entity268 content in @entity35 cardiomyocytes by about two-fold. @entity2135 ( @entity2135 ; 5 microM) increased ICa,L by only 5.9 +/- 0.9% (n = 6). CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that insulin stimulates the L-type @entity460 current in isolated @entity35 ventricular myocytes in a dose-dependent and reversible manner and suggest that this effect is mediated by insulin receptors and the @entity268 -dependent protein kinase.

title: Insulin stimulates the L-type Ca2+ current in XXXX cardiac myocytes.

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['Isoproterenol', 'isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect and safety of the oral administration of retinal antigens as a treatment of @entity32 . METHODS: In a phase I/II randomized masked trial, @entity1 with @entity1596 who were dependent on immunosuppressive agents were randomly assigned to receive either retinal S antigen alone (10 @entity1 ), retinal S antigen and a mixture of soluble retinal antigens (10 @entity1 ), a mixture of soluble retinal antigens alone (10 @entity1 ), or placebo (15 @entity1 ). An attempt was then made to taper @entity1 completely off their standard immunosuppressive therapy over an 8 week period. The primary study endpoint was time to ocular inflammatory attack. The secondary study endpoint was the ability to taper @entity1 completely off their immunosuppressive or cytotoxic medication within 8 weeks. RESULTS: Time to development of the main study endpoint was not statistically significantly different for any of the four treatment groups. However, the group receiving the purified S antigen alone appeared to be tapered off their immunosuppressive medication more successfully compared with @entity1 given placebo (P = .08), whereas all the other groups appeared to do worse than did those receiving placebo. No toxic effects attributable to any treatment were observed. CONCLUSIONS: This phase I/II study is the first to test the use of orally administered S antigen in the treatment of @entity1596 . Although not statistically significant, @entity1 given S antigen were more likely to be tapered off their chronically administered systemic immunosuppressive therapy than were the other groups tested.

title: Treatment of XXXX by oral administration of retinal antigens: results of a phase I/II randomized masked trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['ocular inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1596 :: ('MESH:D014605', 'Disease') :: ['uveitis', 'endogenous uveitis']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['uveitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This article describes the long-term effects of augmenting @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) with exposure and ritual prevention or stress management training in @entity1 with DSM-IV @entity3119 ( @entity3119 ). METHOD: Between November 2000 and November 2006, 111 @entity3119 @entity1 from 2 academic outpatient centers with partial SRI response were randomized to the addition of exposure and ritual prevention or stress management training, delivered twice weekly for 8 weeks (acute phase); 108 began treatment. Responders (38 of 52 in the exposure and @entity558 , 11 of 52 in the stress management training condition) entered a 24-week maintenance phase. The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) was the primary outcome measure. RESULTS: After 24 weeks, @entity1 randomized to and receiving exposure and ritual prevention versus stress management training had significantly better outcomes (mean YBOCS scores of 14.69 and 21.37, respectively; t = 2.88, P = .005), higher response rates (decrease in YBOCS scores >=  25%: 40.7% vs 9.3%, Fisher exact test P < .001), and higher rates of excellent response (YBOCS score  <= 12: 24.1% vs 5.6%, Fisher exact test P = .01). During the maintenance phase, the slope of change in YBOCS scores was not significant in either condition (all P values >=  .55), with no difference between exposure and ritual prevention and stress management training (P > .74). Better outcome was associated with baseline variables: lower YBOCS scores, higher quality of life, fewer comorbid Axis I diagnoses, and male sex. CONCLUSIONS: Augmenting SRIs with exposure and ritual prevention versus stress management training leads to better outcome after acute treatment and 24 weeks later. Maintenance outcome, however, was primarily a function of @entity3119 severity at entrance. Greater improvement during the acute phase influences how well @entity1 maintain their gains, regardless of treatment condition.

title: Six-month follow-up of a randomized controlled trial augmenting @entity750 reuptake inhibitor treatment with exposure and ritual prevention for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3119 :: ('MESH:D009771', 'Disease') :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder', 'OCD']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['ritual prevention condition']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity3119 :: (MESH:D009771,Disease) :: ['obsessive-compulsive disorder']


abstract: @entity29986 and @entity1141 affect the postnatal development of organs, their physiological functioning in adulthood and the incidence of related diseases at an advanced age. Hypogonadic (hgn/hgn) @entity35 are characterized by male sterility, reduced female fertility, progressive @entity177 and @entity851 , all controlled by a single recessive allele (hgn) located on chromosome 10. Since our previous studies indicated that the @entity509 ( @entity1141 ) of the affected organs was present at birth, we examined the embryonic pathogenesis. We mated hgn/hgn females to Brown Norway males and backcrossed F(1) males to hgn/hgn females. The resulting N(1) fetuses were genotyped using a hgn-linked microsatellite. Both sexes of hgn/hgn fetuses showed low body weight after @entity2085 ( @entity2085 ) 15.5 and @entity8 after @entity2085 17.5. Their kidneys contained a reduced number of nephrons in a poorly formed nephrogenic zone and renal cortex. The hgn/hgn ovaries contained a small number of oogonia at @entity2085 15.5 and oocytes after @entity2085 17.5. @entity851 were obvious after @entity2085 17.5, and reduced numbers of Sertoli cells were detected at @entity2085 19.5 and 21.5. The seminiferous cords in hgn/hgn testes contained more apoptotic and mitotic cells than those in +/hgn testes. These findings suggest that the phenotypes described in adult hgn/hgn @entity35 result from @entity2085 , which continues to early postnatal stage and causes a reduction in functional tissues and cells. Since hgn/hgn @entity35 have an insertion mutation in the microtubule-associated protein Spag5 gene, the @entity2085 described in hgn/hgn @entity35 might result from defective cell proliferation.

title: Embryonic pathogenesis of hypogonadism and @entity8 in hgn/hgn @entity35 characterized by male sterility, reduced female fertility and progressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['Testicular growth defects', 'growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic hypogenesis', 'ED', 'embryonic day']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity29986 :: ('OMIM:300200', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['renal insufficiency']


abstract: To examine the various mechanisms involved in compensatory growth in @entity5660 , an experimental protocol involving 1, 2 or 4 weeks of fasting followed by a single ad libitum re-feeding period of 4 weeks was designed for alevins. Morphological parameters including body weight, specific growth rates (SGR), and coefficient factor decreased significantly during fasting. Re-feeding accelerated growth and restored final body weight in groups previously fasted. Plasma insulin and @entity413 decreased in fasting, while normal levels were restored in all re-fed groups. The expression profile of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in liver and of the main muscle growth regulators in white muscle was examined using real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Fasting decreased the expression of @entity29114 mRNA in both tissues, while re-feeding restored expression to control values. In contrast, @entity34152 expression was not affected by any treatment in either tissue. Insulin- and @entity29114 -binding assays in partial semi-purifications (of soluble proteins) in white skeletal muscle showed that insulin binding was not affected by either fasting or re-feeding, whereas fasting up-regulated @entity29114 binding. The expression of @entity44333 mRNA in white skeletal muscle also increased with fasting, while IGFRIa increased with re-feeding, indicating that the two receptor isoforms are differentially regulated. The mRNA expression of myogenic regulator factors and fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) was not affected throughout the experiment, except for myogenin, which first decreased and then showed a rebound effect after 4 weeks of fasting. Myostatin mRNA expression did not change during fasting, although re-feeding caused a significant decrease. In conclusion, re-feeding of previously fasted trout induced compensatory growth. The differential regulation in muscle expression of @entity29114 , @entity29114 receptors, and myostatin indicates their contribution to this compensatory mechanism.

title: Role of insulin, insulin-like growth factors, and muscle regulatory factors in the compensatory growth of the trout ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity5660 :: ('8022', 'Species') :: ['Oncorhynchus mykiss']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5660 :: (8022,Species) :: ['Oncorhynchus mykiss']


abstract: PURPOSE: Laparoscopic-assisted sigmoidectomy is a widely applied technique in the operative treatment of @entity66 . Treatment guidelines recommend operation of complicated @entity4436 and after recurrent attacks of uncomplicated @entity4436 . These guidelines have become subject to controversy. The objective of this study was to assess disease-related quality of life after laparoscopic sigmoidectomy. METHODS: Data were collected retrospectively. @entity1 filled in a form describing their quality of life. All @entity1 undergoing elective operation for @entity66 between 1999 and 2006 at the Department of Surgery of the Uster Hospital, a regional medical center in Switzerland were included. The measurement tool we used is the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index (GIQLI). Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test or unpaired t-tests were applied to determine statistical significance of differences observed. RESULTS: A total of 130 @entity1 were included and 120 questionnaires were available for analysis. Mean follow-up was 40  months. Of the total, 48% reported a GIQLI >100 before the operation, which rose to 83% after the operation (p   <   0.0001). Mean GIQLI was 95 before and 114 after the operation (p   <   0.0001). @entity15776 @entity1 reported lower GIQLI rates. Overall, 96% were satisfied with the operation. CONCLUSIONS: The results in this study population show that in a majority of @entity1 who underwent elective laparoscopic-assisted sigmoidectomy for recurrent @entity4436 gastrointestinal quality of life improved with the operation.

title: Gastrointestinal quality of life after laparoscopic-assisted sigmoidectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diverticular disease']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['diverticular disease']


abstract: The role of the two known catalases in @entity796 in protecting planktonic and biofilm cells against @entity273 ( @entity274 ) was investigated. Planktonic cultures and biofilms formed by the wild-type strain PAO1 and the katA and katB catalase mutants were compared for their susceptibility to @entity274 . Over the course of 1 h, wild-type cell viability decreased steadily in planktonic cells exposed to a single dose of 50 mM @entity274 , whereas biofilm cell viability remained at approximately 90% when cells were exposed to a flowing stream of 50 mM @entity274 . The katB mutant, lacking the @entity274 -inducible catalase KatB, was similar to the wild-type strain with respect to @entity274 resistance. The katA mutant possessed undetectable catalase activity. Planktonic katA mutant cultures were hypersusceptible to a single dose of 50 mM @entity274 , while biofilms displayed a 10-fold reduction in the number of culturable cells after a 1-h exposure to 50 mM @entity274 . Catalase activity assays, activity stains in nondenaturing @entity2975 gels, and lacZ reporter genes were used to characterize the oxidative stress responses of planktonic cultures and biofilms. Enzyme assays and catalase activity bands in nondenaturing @entity2975 gels showed significant KatB catalase induction occurred in biofilms after a 20-min exposure to @entity274 , suggesting that biofilms were capable of a rapid adaptive response to the oxidant. Reporter gene data obtained with a katB::lacZ transcriptional reporter strain confirmed katB induction and that the increase in total cellular catalase activity was attributable to KatB. Biofilms upregulated the reporter in the constant presence of 50 mM @entity274 , while planktonic cells were overwhelmed by a single 50 mM dose and were unable to make detectable levels of @entity7791 . The results of this study demonstrated the following: the constitutively expressed KatA catalase is important for resistance of planktonic and biofilm @entity796 to @entity274 , particularly at high @entity274 concentrations; KatB is induced in both planktonic and biofilm cells in response to @entity274 insult, but plays a relatively small role in biofilm resistance; and KatB is important to either planktonic cells or biofilm cells for acquired antioxidant resistance when initial levels of @entity274 are sublethal.

title: Protective role of catalase in XXXX biofilm resistance to @entity273 .

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['beta-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: Audiovestibular sequelae of @entity8425 , due to lightning or electric current, are probably much more common than indicated in literature. The aim of the study was to review the impact of @entity8425 on the cochleovestibular system. Studies were identified through Medline, Embase, CINAHL and eMedicine databases. Medical Subject Headings used were ' @entity8425 ', 'lightning', ' @entity2319 ' and 'vertigo'. All prospective and retrospective studies, case series and case reports of @entity1 with cochlear or @entity16 due to lightning or electrical current injury were included. Studies limited to external and @entity2172 were excluded. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria. Fifteen reported @entity16 following electric current injury (domestic or industrial); a further 15 reported @entity23869 and five concerned pathophysiology and management. There were no histological studies of electrical current injury to the @entity1 audiovestibular system. The commonest acoustic insult after @entity23869 is conductive @entity393 secondary to tympanic membrane rupture and the most frequent vestibular symptom is transient vertigo. Electrical current injuries predominantly cause pure @entity1274 and may significantly increase a @entity1 's lifetime risk of vertigo. Theories for @entity16 in @entity8425 include disruption of inner ear anatomy, electrical conductance, @entity519 , vascular effects and stress response hypothesis. The pathophysiology of @entity16 following @entity8425 is unresolved. The mechanism of @entity23869 is likely to be quite different from that following domestic or industrial @entity8425 . The formulation of an audiovestibular management protocol for @entity1 who have suffered electrical injuries and systematic reporting of all such events is recommended.

title: Inner XXXX following electric current and @entity23869 : a literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear injuries']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['vestibular damage', 'cochleovestibular damage', 'audiovestibular damage']

entities_list: @entity8425 :: ('MESH:D004556', 'Disease') :: ['electrical injury']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity23869 :: ('MESH:D015168', 'Disease') :: ['injury following lightning strike', 'lightning injury', 'lightning injuries']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['ear damage']


abstract: The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of cultured wild @entity9052 root extracts (cWGRE) on the sperm of boars and the reproductive system of @entity840 . Firstly, semen collected from boars (n=10) were incubated in 38  C for 1h with @entity3624 and @entity3624 oxidase to generate ROS. The cWGRE was added to the sperm culture system to test its antioxidant effect on the boar sperm. The amount of Reactive @entity26 Species (ROS) was measured by a chemiluminescence assay using @entity6931 . The results indicated that the addition of cWGRE to boar sperm culture inhibited @entity3624 and @entity3624 oxidase-induced ROS concentrations. Treatment with cWGRE also had a positive effect on maintaining sperm motility. Effects of cWGRE administration on @entity620 -deficient @entity840 were further investigated. Hartley @entity840 (n=25) at 8 weeks of age were randomly divided into five groups. With the exception of the positive control group, each group was fed @entity620 -deficient feed for 21days (d). Respective groups were also orally administered cWGRE, @entity9052 extract, or mixed @entity13885 for 21 days. In comparison to the control group, oral administration of cWGRE reduced (P<0.05) amount of lipid peroxidation and increased (P<0.05) both @entity2041 peroxidase concentrations and the trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity. In addition, administration of cWGRE induced increases (P<0.05) in body weight, @entity251 concentrations, and spermatid populations. The results of the present study support our hypothesis that cWGRE has positive effects on male reproductive functions via suppression of ROS production.

title: Antioxidant effects of cultured wild @entity9052 root extracts on the male reproductive function of boars and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3624 :: ('MESH:D019820', 'Chemical') :: ['xanthine']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity13885 :: ('MESH:D036145', 'Chemical') :: ['ginsenosides']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pigs']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the computed tomography (CT) findings of primary @entity2 (LELC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical information and CT findings of 41 @entity1 with pulmonary LELC were reviewed. CT images of 2 or 5mm thickness were obtained with a pre-treatment CT and were jointly evaluated by two radiologists. RESULTS: Thirty central @entity5 and 11 @entity1263 with diameters ranging from 1.0 to 8.7cm (mean, 4.1  1.9cm) were identified. Central @entity5 appeared to be larger than @entity1263 (P=0.017). @entity5 occurred more frequently in right middle lobe (31.7%) and left lower lobe (29.3%). CT findings of @entity1 with early stage were similar to those observed in @entity1 with advanced stage except that lymphadenopathy was significantly more common in @entity1 with advanced stage. CT findings of pulmonary LELC consisted of well defined border (63.4%), lobulation (78.0%), vascular or bronchial encasement (43.9%), @entity55 (41.5%), @entity1143 (12.2%) and @entity730 (4.9%). On contrast-enhanced CT scans, inhomogeneously enhanced @entity5 were significantly larger than homogeneously enhanced @entity5 (P<0.001). @entity3329 was seen in 28 @entity1 , and lymph nodes with homogeneous enhancement were observed in 24/28 @entity1 . Enlarged lymph nodes were more frequently occurred in peribronchial or hilar nodes (53.7%), subcrinal nodes (39.0%), right lower paratracheal nodes (31.7%) and right upper paratracheal nodes (22.0%). CONCLUSION: Pulmonary LELC usually appeared as a large, central, well @entity5 with vascular or bronchial encasement and @entity55 . Calcification was rare in pulmonary LELC. @entity3329 was common, usually with homogeneous enhancement.

title: Computed tomography characteristics of primary @entity2 in 41 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity1263 :: ('MESH:D010524', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral tumors']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumors', 'defined and lobulated tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The stem cell marker nestin is an intermediate filament protein that plays an important role in cell integrity, migration, and differentiation. Nestin expression occurs in approximately one third of @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ), and its expression strongly correlates with @entity5 staging and @entity3 . Little is known about the mechanisms by which nestin influences @entity1124 progression. Here, nestin overexpression in @entity1124 cells increased cell motility and drove phenotypic changes associated with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in vitro; conversely, knockdown of endogenous nestin expression reduced the migration rate and reverted cells to a more epithelial phenotype. @entity19 xenograft studies showed that knockdown of nestin significantly reduced @entity5 incidence and volume. Nestin protein expression was associated with @entity1594 status in @entity1124 cells; hence, nestin expression might be regulated by the @entity2533 / @entity1594 pathway in @entity1124 . We examined nestin expression after @entity2533 treatment in @entity1 @entity788 PANC-1 and PANC-1 shSmad4 cells. The @entity2533 / @entity1594 pathway induced nestin protein expression in @entity1124 cells in a @entity1594 -dependent manner. Moreover, increased nestin expression caused a positive feedback regulator of the @entity2533 signaling system. In addition, @entity519 was shown to induce nestin expression in @entity1124 cells, and the @entity519 -induced expression of nestin is mediated by the @entity2533 / @entity1594 pathway. Finally, the antimicrotubule inhibitors, @entity11119 and @entity12900 , exhibited anti-nestin activity; these inhibitors might be potential antimetastatic drugs. Our findings uncovered a novel role of nestin in regulating @entity2533 -induced EMT. Anti-nestin therapeutics may serve as a potential treatment for @entity1124 @entity3 .

title: Stem cell marker nestin is critical for @entity2533 -mediated @entity5 progression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDAC', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity12900 :: ('MESH:C009684', 'Chemical') :: ['withaferin A']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity11119 :: ('MESH:D015638', 'Chemical') :: ['cytochalasin D']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Recent studies suggest that @entity1261 prevents @entity299 following @entity583 ( @entity583 ) likely through regeneration of the myocardium and coronary vessels. However, it remains unclear whether @entity1261 administered at the onset of reperfusion prevents @entity63 /reperfusion injury in the acute phase. We investigated acute effects of @entity1261 on @entity583 size and the incidence of lethal @entity943 and evaluated the involvement of the @entity4357 -3 kinase (PI3K) in the in vivo @entity235 models. METHODS: In open-chest @entity235 , left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was occluded for 90 minutes followed by 6 hours of reperfusion. We intravenously administered @entity1261 (0.33 micro/kg/min) for 30 minutes from the onset of reperfusion. @entity2307 , a PI3K inhibitor, was selectively administered into the LAD after the onset of reperfusion. RESULTS: @entity1261 significantly (p<0.05) reduced @entity583 size (38.7+/-4.3% to 15.7+/-5.3%) and the incidence of @entity2224 during reperfusion periods (50% to 0%) compared with the control. @entity1261 enhanced Akt phospholylation in ischemic @entity235 myocardium. Wortmannin blunted both the @entity1188 size-limiting and anti-arrhythmic effects of @entity1261 . @entity1261 did not change myeloperoxidase activity, a marker of neutrophil accumulation, in the @entity1188 . CONCLUSION: An intravenous administration of @entity1261 at the onset of reperfusion attenuates @entity63 /reperfusion injury through PI3K/Akt pathway in the in vivo model. @entity1261 administration can be a promising candidate for the adjunctive therapy for @entity1 with @entity583 .

title: Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mediates cardioprotection against @entity63 /reperfusion injury via XXXX -3-kinase/Akt pathway in @entity235 hearts.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2307 :: ('MESH:C009687', 'Chemical') :: ['Wortmannin']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarcted myocardium']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac remodeling']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI', 'myocardial infarct', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity4357 :: (MESH:D010716,Chemical) :: ['phosphatidylinositol']


abstract: A 27-year-old male presented with @entity2414 . With magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), enhanced masses on the right side of @entity2339 , right side of anterior basal ganglia, and left side of @entity2339 were found. Histological analysis of the @entity5 by stereotactic biopsy proved it to be a @entity3438 . When related to the map of the thalamic nuclei, the @entity5 involved anterior column of the fornix and anterior nuclei of the thalamus. Neuropsychological tests prior to radiation therapy disclosed only short-term @entity2414 . The @entity1 received radiation therapy to a total dose of 55 Gy to the @entity75 . After the completion of radiation therapy, the enhanced effect disappeared on @entity2287 enhanced T1-weighted MRI. Single photon emission computed tomography indicated improvement in blood flow in the anterior portion of the bilateral thalami. Neuropsychological tests after radiation therapy showed improvement in short-term memory compared with baseline. Test results have remained stable for two and half years. This case indicates the possibility of improvement in memory function by treatment for @entity5 when it involves part of Papez circuit. Nevertheless, a decrease in intellectual ability by irradiation remains the major problem. Better approaches not only for cure but also to reduce the late effects should be undertaken when radiation therapy is the treatment of choice.

title: A XXXX with improvement in short-term @entity2414 brought about by radiation therapy for @entity3438 involving Papez circuit.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory loss', 'memory disturbance']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity3438 :: ('MESH:D018237', 'Disease') :: ['germinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity978 is a malignancy curable by combination chemotherapy in newly diagnosed @entity1 . Management of refractory disease or relapse has been unsatisfactory with salvage chemotherapy alone, although some @entity1 with long initial remission can be cured with this approach. Because correlations between dose intensity and response to treatment in animal models and in clinical studies have been positive, high-dose chemotherapy (HDT) with bone marrow (BM) or peripheral blood stem-cell (PBSC) transplantation support has been used in an attempt to improve disease-free and overall survival in @entity1 with refractory disease or relapse. Controversy exists over who and when to transplant. Results are difficult to interpret because of the heterogeneous nature of the @entity1 under study and short follow-up times. In general, @entity1 disease-free and overall survival appear to be improved with HDT and PBSC support when compared with historical controls. Allografting has also been tried in @entity978 as well, but is not recommended due to high associated mortality. Improvements in supportive care for transplantation in general, and antiviral and @entity2132 prophylaxis in particular, have decreased early mortality associated with allografting in other @entity5 , but not yet in @entity978 . The fact that allografted @entity1 who survive the initial transplant procedure have an impressively lower relapse rate makes @entity978 @entity1 potential candidates for future studies of allografting under more modern circumstances. Some suggestions are made about the introduction of new approaches to treatment.

title: XXXX and transplantation: a room with a (nontransplanter's) view.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the arousal effect of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation of Baihui (GV 20), Shuigou (GV 26), etc. on severe @entity542 @entity1 . METHODS: A total of 90 cases of severe @entity542 were randomly allocated to routine medication, @entity1510 and EA groups, with 30 cases in each group. For @entity1 of the routine medication group, mild @entity2332 therapy, medicines for dehydration, hormonal therapy, @entity384 , cerebral nutrition supporting, anti- @entity32 , etc. were given. For @entity1 of the @entity1510 group, intravenous drip of @entity1510 0.4 mg/kg in the first 3 days, 0.2 mg/kg for 7 days and 0. 1 mg/kg afterwards. For @entity1 of the EA group, EA (1 Hz/50 Hz) was given for 30 min once daily. All the treatments were conducted once a day for 14 days. The Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) were used for assessing the therapeutic effect. RESULTS: In comparison with pre-treatment in each one of the routine medication, @entity1510 and EA groups, GCS scores were all obviously increased in the 3 groups following the treatment, and one month's follow-up (P<0. 05). The GCS scores of both @entity1510 and EA groups were significantly higher than those of the routine medication group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found between the @entity1510 group and EA group in GCS scores (P>0. 05). According to the GOS, one month's follow-up showed that of the three 30 cases in the routine medication, @entity1510 and EA groups, 6, 12 and 14 were improved, 8, 10 and 10 moderate handicap, 8, 3 and 2 severe handicap, 5, 3 and 2 vegetative state, and 3, 2 and 2 dead, with the arousal rates being 46. 66% , 73. 33% and 80. 00%, respectively. The therapeutic effects of both @entity1510 and EA groups were significantly superior to those of the routine medication group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: EA intervention at early stage can promote the recovery of neurological function, accelerate the consciousness from @entity772 and improve the outcomes of @entity1 with severe @entity131 .

title: [Clinical observation on electroacupuncture for arousing consciousness of @entity772 XXXX with severe trauma brain injury].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['vascular dilation']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['craniocerebral injury']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['naloxone']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a growing public health concern, especially among adolescents. In the current edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , NSSI is classified as a criterion of @entity4225 ( @entity4225 ). However, a distinct @entity66 will now be included in @entity4987 as a "condition requiring further study." It is important to note that, at this time, there is little direct evidence supporting the @entity4987 proposal over the DSM-IV classification. To address this need, the current study examined the extent to which NSSI occurs independently of @entity4225 and has clinical significance beyond a diagnosis of @entity4225 in adolescent @entity146 @entity1 . @entity66 was assessed based on the proposed @entity4987 criteria in 198 adolescents ages 12 to 18 (74% female; 64% Caucasian, 14% Hispanic, 10% African American, and 12% mixed/other ethnicity) from a @entity146 hospital. Major @entity74 , @entity4225 , and suicide ideation and attempts were assessed with structured clinical interviews; @entity10204 and loneliness were measured with validated self-report questionnaires. First, results indicated that @entity66 occurred independently of @entity4225 . Specifically, although there was overlap between the occurrence of @entity4225 and @entity66 , this overlap was no greater than that between @entity4225 and other @entity74 (e.g., @entity148 and @entity1316 ). Second, @entity66 demonstrated unique associations with clinical impairment-indexed by suicide ideation and attempts, @entity10204 , and loneliness-over and above a @entity4225 diagnosis. Taken together, findings support the classification of NSSI as a distinct and clinically significant diagnostic entity.

title: Nonsuicidal XXXX : an empirical investigation in adolescent @entity146 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['borderline personality disorder', 'BPD', 'Axis II BPD']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['NSSI disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity10204 :: ('MESH:D021081', 'Disease') :: ['emotion dysregulation']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Axis I disorders']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['self-injury disorder']


abstract: 1) The present paper concerns the relationship between localization and extension of @entity356 and the spectral characteristics of the EGG in 73 subjects (32 @entity1 and 41 @entity1 ). 2) The recordings were made in the morning (during 1 h) on fastened @entity1 . Three sets of bipolar cutaneous electrodes were placed on the abdomen around the pyloric radiological projection taken for @entity2270 (radius 7 cm; angle 60 degrees); sampling period for analysis is 1 per sec. The spectrum is computed (FFT) for 256 samples in each channel. 3) In the control subjects (n = 72: 24 @entity1 and 48 @entity1 ), the "normal characteristics" of the peak EGG are the following: frequency: 2.89 +/- 0.2 c/min; amplitude 40 +/- 20 microV (2-5 derivation), whatever the age. 4) In the cancerous subjects significative increase of the mean spectral component amplitude of the gastric frequency was always found in all different localizations. However, this criterion of amplitude was missing for the corpus localization. 5) The process of infiltration of the wall was accompanied by a significative decrease of the mean frequency. But in ulcerous, vegetant or stenosant cases the frequency was not affected in contrast with the amplitude. 6) In extensive cases the decrease of the frequency was more important. If in several cases ( @entity5 , @entity5 of the lesser or greater curvature), no significative abnormality of the spectrum was observed, abnormalities are frequent in @entity299 .

title: [Surface electrogastrography (EGG) in XXXX : influence of the localization and @entity5 characteristics on the spectral components of the signal].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['mucous cancers', 'early cancers']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac, fundic and antral neoplasies']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The recruitment to the skin of drug-responsive T cells is responsible for the inflammatory profiles of non-immediate @entity56 (niDHRs). @entity1910 ( @entity1910 ) and @entity6715 ( @entity6715 )/toxic @entity6715 ( @entity137 ) have quite distinct T cell infiltrating patterns. OBJECTIVE: To investigate serum levels of @entity373 , @entity371 and @entity379 in @entity1 with niDHRs, including @entity1910 and @entity6715 / @entity137 , to evaluate correlations between the cytokines, and to determine whether the inflammatory factors correlate with clinical severity in @entity1 with @entity6715 / @entity137 . METHOD: Twenty-four @entity1 with @entity6715 / @entity137 , 24 @entity1 with @entity1910 , and 24 healthy donors with good tolerance to the drugs involved in the drug reactions were recruited into the study. The modified severity-of-illness score for @entity137 (SCORTEN) and detachment of body surface area (dBSA) were used to assess the clinical severity of @entity6715 / @entity137 . Serum levels of @entity373 , @entity371 and @entity3027 were determined by ELISA. RESULTS: The niDHRs group, @entity6715 / @entity137 and @entity1910 subgroups all exhibited significantly higher levels of @entity373 , @entity371 and @entity379 compared with the control group (P < 0.001). Serum @entity379 levels were positively correlated with @entity373 levels and @entity371 levels in @entity1 with niDHRs (rs = 0.576, rs = 0.449, P < 0.05). None of the levels of @entity373 , @entity371 and @entity379 had any correlation with modified SCOTEN index or dBSA in @entity6715 / @entity137 group. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest Th1 cytokine @entity379 and chemokines @entity373 and @entity371 may play roles in the pathogenesis of niDHRs.

title: Serum @entity379 -inducible chemokines @entity373 and XXXX are elevated in non-immediate @entity56 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6715 :: ('MESH:D013262', 'Disease') :: ['epidermal necrolysis', 'SJS', 'Stevens-Johnson syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['Maculopapular exanthema', 'MPE']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['drug hypersensitivity reactions']

answer: @entity371 :: (3627,Gene) :: ['CXCL10']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1504 are @entity395 . If misdiagnosed and untreated they can lead to serious condition of @entity1 and life-threatening. This group of complications ought to be kept in mind in @entity1 with @entity102 media. AIM OF THE STUDY: We discuss types of otogenic complications and performed treatment. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of @entity1 treated in our department between 1998-2006 was made. About 700 ear operations were performed in that period of time. RESULTS: @entity1504 were noticed in 9 cases. Despite performed treatment one @entity1 with cerebellum abscess died. The rest @entity1 were operated with good result. CONCLUSIONS: Precise otolaryngological examination with additional investigations like CT and MRI are very important to establish the final diagnosis and save @entity1 's health or life.

title: [ XXXX from data collected at Department of Otolaryngology Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University between 1998-2006].

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare diseases']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic otitis']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['Intracranial otogenic complications', 'Otogenic intracranial complications']

answer: @entity1504 :: (MESH:D002561,Disease) :: ['Otogenic intracranial complications']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous studies have demonstrated @entity51 in @entity161 . However, only a few longitudinal studies report on the effects of antipsychotic treatment on @entity51 and their results are inconsistent. In the present study, @entity2451 suppression and its neural generators were investigated in antipsychotic-na  ve first-episode @entity1 with @entity161 before and after 6 months of treatment with @entity1089 . METHODS: Thirty-four antipsychotic-na  ve first-episode @entity161 @entity1 and age and gender matched healthy controls were tested in an auditory sensory gating paradigm at baseline and after 6 months. During this period, the @entity1 were treated with @entity1089 , while controls received no treatment. Sixteen @entity1 completed the study. RESULTS: @entity1 showed significant reduced @entity2451 suppression compared with controls at baseline but not at follow-up. Furthermore, a significant positive correlation between baseline @entity2451 suppression and dose of @entity1089 at follow-up was found. @entity2451 suppression in @entity1 receiving above median dosages of @entity1089 increased significantly from baseline to follow-up. At baseline, a frontocentral source was significantly more active in @entity1 than in controls at the time of the testing stimulus. CONCLUSIONS: The present findings suggest that @entity2451 suppression deficits are already present at an early stage of @entity161 . Furthermore, particularly those @entity1 with more severe gating deficits appeared to need higher dosages of @entity1089 , although their clinical symptoms did not seem to indicate this. @entity1089 treatment significantly improved these gating deficits. Furthermore, a frontocentral source in the brain appeared to be involved in the deficient @entity2451 gating of the @entity1 .

title: @entity2451 suppression and its neural generators in antipsychotic-naive first-episode XXXX before and after 6 months of @entity1089 treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['sensory gating deficits']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine', 'Quetiapine']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The roadmap concept suggests the use of on-treatment @entity97 DNA to guide treatment strategy of chronic @entity1956 @entity1 treated by @entity14278 . Our aim was to validate the roadmap approach of @entity17705 switch therapy in @entity1 with incomplete response to @entity14278 . METHODS: Consecutive chronic @entity1956 @entity1 on @entity14278 monotherapy were studied. Incomplete virological response was defined as detectable @entity97 DNA after 6-12 months of treatment. Maintained virological response was defined as undetectable @entity97 DNA until the last follow-up. RESULTS: Among the 79 @entity1 on @entity14278 , 39 (49%) had undetectable @entity97 DNA after 6-12 months of @entity14278 treatment and 40 (51%) had incomplete virological response. In total, 33 incomplete responders switched to @entity17705 at 11 months (6-23), and 26 (79%) achieved maintained virological response after 25 months (4-46). Low @entity97 DNA level before switch therapy was the independent factor associated with maintained virological response to @entity17705 (P=0.01). A total of 24 of 25 (96%) @entity1 with @entity97 DNA<2,000 IU/ml, versus 2 of 8 (25%) @entity1 with @entity97 DNA>= 2,000 IU/ml, had maintained virological response after switching to @entity17705 . Although rtM204I and/or rt @entity29900 was detected in 3 of 7 @entity1 with incomplete virological response to @entity17705 , none of the @entity1 with @entity97 DNA<2,000 IU/ml during @entity14278 treatment harboured these @entity535 substitutions. CONCLUSIONS: Roadmap approach using @entity17705 switch at month 6-12 among incomplete responders to @entity14278 is recommended if the @entity97 DNA is <2,000 IU/ml at the time of switching.

title: Efficacy of @entity17705 switch therapy in chronic @entity1956 XXXX with incomplete virological response to @entity14278 .

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity14278 :: ('MESH:C487779', 'Chemical') :: ['telbivudine']

entities_list: @entity17705 :: ('MESH:C413685', 'Chemical') :: ['entecavir']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the @entity137 and clinical benefit from adjuvant chemoradiotherapy consisting of protracted venous infusion @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) and concomitant radiotherapy in @entity1 with resected @entity788 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between 1994 and 1999, 52 @entity1 who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. The @entity5 bed and regional nodes received a dose of 45 Gy in fractions of 1.8 Gy followed by boost to the @entity5 bed if the surgical margins were involved (total dose, 54 Gy). The @entity1 also received concomitant @entity1487 by protracted venous infusion (200-250 mg/m(2)/day, 7 days/week) during the entire radiotherapy course. RESULTS: Fifty-two @entity1 (30 @entity1 , 22 @entity1 ) were enrolled and treated on this protocol. The median age was 63 years (range, 38-78 years), and the median Karnofsky Performance Status was 80 (range, 70-100). Thirty-five percent had involved surgical margins and 59% had involved lymph nodes. All @entity1 completed therapy, and there were no Grade IV/V @entity137 observed. With median follow-up of 24 months (range, 3-52 months) for surviving @entity1 , the median survival is 32 months, and 2-year and 3-year survivals are 62%, and 39%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Radiotherapy with concomitant @entity1487 by protracted venous infusion as adjuvant treatment for resected @entity788 is well tolerated. This approach allows for greater dose intensity with reduced @entity137 . The median survival of this cohort of @entity1 compares favorably with our earlier experience and other published series.

title: Adjuvant radiotherapy and concomitant @entity1487 by protracted venous infusion for resected XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: @entity2794 determine relevant personal and societal burden, and thus the use of @entity1 -reported outcome measures (PROMs) investigating the level of disability and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) have been increasingly used in @entity10 research. The aim of this review was to address the status of research on disability and HRQoL, by addressing results from recently published clinical trials as well as in longitudinal observational studies on @entity10 @entity1 . PubMed has been searched for papers in which measures of HRQoL and/or disability were used as primary or secondary outcome on adult subjects with primary @entity10 , and published in 2010-2012. Among the 70 records retrieved, 12 papers were selected for narrative synthesis. They included data on 2,621 @entity1 with @entity5330 , chronic @entity2794 , and/or chronic @entity2704 with and without medication overuse. The selected trials investigated the efficacy of different pharmacological prophylaxis, of some surgical approaches, of education programmes and osteopathic manipulative treatment; two studies reported longitudinal observations of @entity1 currently under treatment. Overall, the results of our review showed that @entity10 frequency as well as HRQoL and disability were positively impacted by treatment interventions; positive outcomes were less evident in two studies, and similar results were found in the two observational studies. Our findings confirmed that the most commonly used PROMs, including disease-specific tools to assess disability and HRQoL and SF-36, are sensitive to the beneficial effects occurring over time in functioning and quality of life domains in @entity10 @entity1 . They also suggest that the personal and societal costs of @entity2794 are likely to be reduced when @entity10 @entity1 receive appropriate treatments and when continuity of care is offered. In terms of future directions, we note that the systematic use of appropriate PROMs should be encouraged both in the clinical practice and in the research field, as they offer a valid option to assess the global effect of treatments on @entity1 -perceived sense of well-being and quality of performance.

title: Disability and quality of life in XXXX : where we are now and where we are heading.

entities_list: @entity5330 :: ('MESH:D020326', 'Disease') :: ['episodic migraine with and without aura']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['Headache disorders', 'headache disorders', 'daily headache']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity179 are progressive and irreversible and they can be initiated by mutations in specific genes. Spalt-like genes (Sall) encode transcription factors expressed in the central nervous system. In @entity1 , SALL mutations are associated with @entity4310 characterized by @entity1032 , @entity1274 and motoneuron problems, among others. @entity238 sall mutants exhibit severe @entity149 at embryonic stage 16, which surprisingly reverts later in development at embryonic stage 17, suggesting a potential to recover from @entity179 . We hypothesize that this recovery is mediated by a reorganization of the transcriptome counteracting SALL lost. To identify genes associated to @entity179 , we used mRNA-Seq to compare the transcriptome of @entity238 sall mutant and wild type embryos from @entity179 and reversal stages. RESULTS: @entity179 stage is associated with transcriptional changes in 220 genes, of which only 5% were already described as relevant for @entity179 . Genes related to the groups of Redox, Lifespan/Aging and @entity2383 are significantly represented at this stage. By contrast, @entity179 reversal stage is associated with significant changes in 480 genes, including 424 not previously associated with neuroprotection. Immune response and Salt stress are the most represented groups at this stage. CONCLUSIONS: We identify new genes associated to @entity179 by using an mRNA-Seq approach. The strong homology between @entity238 and @entity1 genes raises the possibility to unveil novel genes involved in @entity179 also in @entity1 .

title: Whole transcriptome analysis of a reversible neurodegenerative process in XXXX reveals potential neuroprotective genes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural deafness']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'Neurodegenerative diseases', 'neurodegeneration and neuroprotection', 'Neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary syndromes']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['Mitochondrial diseases']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: Wastewater effluents have been documented as major contributors of hormone endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) in to the aquatic ecosystem. The need for rapid, simple and cost effective methods to detect these EDCs has increased. The use of Radio-immunoassays (RIA) were assessed to determine the fate of @entity53 in a laboratory batch test and the three natural @entity172 ( @entity1815 (E1), @entity53 (E2) and @entity11111 (E3)) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) with different types of configurations. Precision of the RIAs were done using intra-assay and inter-assay validations. The E2 intra-assay variation was <8% and inter-assay variation was <11% for standards 1 to 6. E1 RIA showed less than 8% for both the intra-assay and inter-assay variations. E3 RIA showed extremely good variations with both the intra and inter-assay variations being below <8% for all standards. The lab scale investigation showed a 94% reduction in E2 after 5 h and after 10 h both @entity39174 were no longer detected. The simple activated sludge process, the biological nutrient removal (BNR) activated sludge process and the oxidation pond had final effluent concentrations of 10.75, 5.96 and 25.48 pg E2/mL respectively; 20.80, 9.30 and 46.55 pg E1/mL, respectively, and 0.12, 0.07 and 0.17 ng E3/mL, respectively. Thus far findings indicated that the RIA can be employed as a rapid technique for detection of natural @entity172 in water. Results indicate that these potential problematic hormone EDCs are still present in final wastewater effluents that are discharged in to South African aquatic sources.

title: Application of radio-immunoassays to assess the fate of XXXX EDCs in full scale wastewater treatment plants.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: In @entity712 the chronic sympathetic stimulation alters the cardiac beta-adrenergic pathway. This alteration leads to a diminished contractile response to stimulation of the cardiac beta 1 receptor. A blockade of the beta 1 receptor partly restores the physiologic response to sympathetic stimulation at rest and during exercise. Several mechanisms resulting from the competitive blockade of the beta 1 receptor may be important. The major effect of beta-blockers seems to be triggered by a reduction of the heart rate at rest resulting in an increase of the left ventricular ejection fraction on the average by 7-8%. @entity1 with @entity712 who are treated with a beta-blocker experience initially a slight decrease of the left ventricular function. beta-blocker therapy should therefore be initiated only in @entity1 with stable @entity712 . The starting dose of the beta-blocker has to be very small, e.g, 5 mg @entity1406 , 1.25 mg @entity2179 or 3.125 mg @entity1405 . In a stepwise fashion the dose has to be increased to a full beta blocking effect over a period of 4-8 weeks. Despite a careful dose titration only 90% of the @entity1 tolerate this regimen. @entity1 with high resting heart rates and/or @entity384 will have the greatest benefit. The two main reasons for withdrawal of the beta-blocker are deterioration of @entity712 or symptomatic @entity551 . Symptomatic improvement and a significant increase of exercise capacity appear gradually and can be measured only after more than 1 month duration of therapy. Three multicenter studies (MDC. CIBIS I, @entity1405 ) evaluated the influence of beta-blockers on prognosis of @entity712 . The MDC trial demonstrated a slower progression of @entity712 with @entity1406 . The MDC and the CIBIS I trial could not show a significant improvement of prognosis. The larger trial with @entity1405 was the first study to demonstrate a decreased mortality in @entity1 who initially tolerate the beta-blocker therapy. One major concern in that study is the evaluation and classification of @entity1 in the run-in phase who do not tolerate the beta-blocker. Definite studies (BEST, CIBIS II; COMET; RESOLVED; MERIT) are designed to answer these problems and to evaluate the effect of beta-blockers on mortality. Until the results of these studies are available the main goal of treatment with beta-blockers remains symptomatic improvement. Further, there is good evidence for an additional increase in life expectancy. In order to achieve optimal medical treatment and to avoid side-effects careful clinical evaluation and management of the @entity1 is mandatory during therapy with beta-blockers.

title: [Therapy of XXXX with beta-blockers?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity1405 :: ('MESH:C043211', 'Chemical') :: ['carvedilol', 'Carvedilol']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['Metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity2179 :: ('MESH:D017298', 'Chemical') :: ['Bisoprolol']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: Prospective phytoestrogen exposure was assessed using both biomarkers and estimates of intake in 89 British @entity1 recruited into the Norfolk arm of the European Prospective Investigation into @entity5 and Nutrition study, @entity1 who subsequently developed @entity263 . Results were compared with those from 178 healthy @entity1 matched by age and date of recruitment. Levels of seven phytoestrogens ( @entity8139 , @entity670 , @entity8136 , @entity24827 , equol, @entity24828 , and @entity24215 ) were measured in spot urine and serum samples. Five single-nucleotide polymorphisms in @entity5549 , @entity4819 , @entity1782 , and @entity443 genes were genotyped. Urinary levels of all phytoestrogens correlated strongly with serum levels. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.63 ( @entity8136 ) to 0.88 ( @entity8139 ) (P < 0.001). Urinary and serum levels correlated significantly with @entity3093 intake assessed from food diaries (R = 0.15-0.20; P < 0.05) but not with that from a food-frequency questionnaire. Odds ratios for phytoestrogen exposure, as assessed using the four methods, were not significantly associated with @entity263 risk (P = 0.15-0.94). @entity1 with the CC genotype for the ESRI PvuII polymorphism had significantly higher risk for @entity263 compared with @entity1 with the TT genotype [adjusted odds ratio = 4.65 (1.60-13.49); P = 0.005]. Our results utilizing a combined prospective exposure provide no evidence that phytoestrogens alter @entity263 risk in British @entity1 , whereas the C allele for the PvuII polymorphism may be associated with increased risk.

title: Phytoestrogen exposure, polymorphisms in @entity5549 , @entity4819 , @entity1782 , and XXXX genes, and their associations with @entity263 risk.

entities_list: @entity8139 :: ('MESH:C004742', 'Chemical') :: ['daidzein']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3093 :: ('CHEBI:18220', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavone']

entities_list: @entity24827 :: ('MESH:C050052', 'Chemical') :: ['O-desmethylangolensin']

entities_list: @entity8136 :: ('MESH:C086566', 'Chemical') :: ['glycitein']

entities_list: @entity24828 :: ('MESH:C029498', 'Chemical') :: ['enterodiol']

entities_list: @entity24215 :: ('MESH:C029497', 'Chemical') :: ['enterolactone']

answer: @entity443 :: (6462,Gene) :: ['SHBG']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the prevalence of the cultivable subgingival microbiota in periodontal diseases and to draw attention to the polymicrobial nature of periodontic @entity281 . METHODS: The study population consisted of 95 @entity1 , 51 females and 44 males, aged 14-62 years. Twenty-nine @entity1 exhibited @entity7278 ( @entity7278 ), six @entity6223 ( @entity6223 ), and 60 @entity2521 ( @entity2521 ). Two to four pooled bacterial samples were obtained from each @entity1 . Samples were collected with sterile paper points from the deepest periodontal pockets. The samples were cultured under anaerobic and microaerophilic conditions using selective and non-selective media. Isolates were characterized to species level by conventional biochemical tests and by a commercial rapid test system. RESULTS: @entity3288 and Capnocytophaga spp. were the most frequently detected microorganisms in all diagnostic groups. @entity2523 and Peptostreptococcus micros were found more frequently in @entity7278 and @entity2521 @entity1 , while @entity3841 and @entity4424 were associated with @entity7278 , @entity6223 and @entity2521 @entity1 . The other bacterial species, including Actinomyces spp., Streptococcus spp. and Eubacterium spp., were detected at different levels in the three disease groups. CONCLUSIONS: The data show the complexity of the subgingival microbiota associated with @entity2520 groups, indicating that the detection frequency and levels of recovery of some periodontal pathogens are different in teeth affected by different forms of @entity2520 .

title: Microbiological characteristics of subgingival microbiota in @entity7278 , XXXX and @entity2521 subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['periodontal disease', 'different periodontal disease']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['adult periodontitis', 'AP']

entities_list: @entity6223 :: ('MESH:D010520', 'Disease') :: ['LJP', 'localized juvenile periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3288 :: ('28131', 'Species') :: ['Prevotella intermedia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity4424 :: ('539', 'Species') :: ['Eikenella corrodens']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['RPP', 'rapidly progressive periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['Porphyromonas gingivalis']

answer: @entity6223 :: (MESH:D010520,Disease) :: ['localized juvenile periodontitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While studying volatile compounds in model experiments which simulated the broiling of meat (the reactions of @entity8690 with @entity376 ), there were @entity41007 identified. They belong to food contaminants and they could be originated from the detergents and petroleum as well as geochemical samples, but they were also obtained in Maillard reactions. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the studies was the attempt of the @entity41007 identification being formed in the model reaction of @entity8690 with @entity376 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Aqueous solutions of @entity8690 and @entity376 (at concentration of 0.1 mol/dm3 each) were mixed in equal volumes 10 cm3 + 10 cm3. The pH of the mixtures were adjusted to 5.6 using @entity1792 -phosphorous buffer. In that way conditions simulating pH of meat were obtained. The mixtures were heated inside the gastronomic roaster during 0, 5, 10, 15, 30, 45 and 60 minutes respectively, at the temperature 185 +/- 5 degrees C. After reactions, in the mixtures, the profiles of volatile compounds, including @entity41007 , were analyzed by GC- @entity10579 method. The compounds were being identified by: comparing each @entity10579 ( @entity10579 ) with spectra from the known libraries of @entity10579 ; calculating the linear retention indexes (LRI); seeking similar LRI values of analogue compounds in literature. Amounts of volatiles were calculated in relation to amount of internal standard (IS) [-], dividing the area of the compound by area of IS. RESULTS: The kinds and amounts of @entity41007 depended on the duration of the reaction time. Maximally 16 various @entity41007 were developed. More of these compounds could be identified with the probability of 85-90%, using only @entity10579 , because of the lack information in literature. Moreover, the multi-dimensional GCxGC- @entity10579 or other chromatographic methods in order to make these compounds being better explored seems to be advisable. CONCLUSIONS: The identification of the compounds being formed during broiling of meat is very important, because of the fact that many of arising substances are considered to be unhealthy and undesirable food contaminants. Thus these compounds should be routinely investigated in food products.

title: [Identification of @entity41007 being formed in the model reaction of XXXX with @entity376 ].

entities_list: @entity10579 :: ('MESH:D015211', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'mass spectrum']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity41007 :: ('CHEBI:38976', 'Chemical') :: ['alkylbenzenes']

answer: @entity8690 :: (MESH:D012266,Chemical) :: ['ribose']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 1.3   kb xyl-A gene encoding @entity6122 isomerase from a hyperthermophilic eubacterium @entity40443 RKU-10 (TnapXI) was cloned and over-expressed in @entity526 to produce the enzyme in mesophilic conditions that work at high temperature. The enzyme was concentrated by lyophilization and purified by heat treatment, fractional precipitation, and UNOsphere Q anion-exchange column chromatography to homogeneity level. The apparent molecular mass was estimated by @entity214 -PAGE to be 49.5   kDa. The active enzyme showed a clear zone on Native-PAGE when stained with @entity5045 . The optimum temperature and pH for @entity413 to @entity8691 isomerization were 98     C and 7.0, respectively. @entity6122 isomerase retains 85% of its activity at 50     C (t1/2 1732   min) for 4   h and 32.5% at 90     C (t1/2 58   min) for 2   h. It retains 90-95% of its activity at pH 6.5-7.5 for 30   min. The enzyme was highly activated (350%) with the addition of 0.5   mM @entity3158 and to a lesser extent about 180 and 80% with the addition of 5 and 10   mM @entity3281 and @entity1025 , respectively but it was inhibited (54-90%) in the presence of 0.5-10   mM @entity141 with respect to apo-enzyme. @entity413 isomerization product was also analyzed by Thin Layer Chromatography (Rf 0.65). The enzyme was very stable at neutral pH and sufficiently high temperature and required only a trace amount of @entity3158 for its optimal activity and stability. Overall, 52.2% conversion of @entity413 to @entity8691 was achieved by TnapXI. Thus, it has a great potential for industrial applications.

title: Cloning, purification, and characterization of XXXX isomerase from @entity40443 RKU-10.

entities_list: @entity6122 :: ('MESH:D014994', 'Chemical') :: ['Xylose', 'xylose']

entities_list: @entity5045 :: ('MESH:C009591', 'Chemical') :: ['2, 3, 5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride']

entities_list: @entity8691 :: ('CHEBI:48095', 'Chemical') :: ['D-fructose']

entities_list: @entity40443 :: ('93930', 'Species') :: ['Thermotoga naphthophila']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['D-glucose']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity6122 :: (MESH:D014994,Chemical) :: ['xylose']


abstract: In this prospective study, 20 @entity1 undergoing mean duration (2-3 h) neurosurgical operations on fossa cranii posterior, and cervical and dorsolumbar rachis, were induced with 0.3 mg/kg @entity4671 bolus dose. To maintain anesthesia, @entity4671 perfusions at 10 micrograms/kg/min (group I) and 20 microg/kg/min (group II) were administered. @entity3575 at fractionated doses was used as analgesic without association to @entity3810 and relaxation was achieved with @entity6305 . Quality of hypnosis, changes in serum concentration of @entity701 as well as hemodynamic and electrolyte changes were evaluated. Serum concentrations of @entity701 , @entity413 , @entity1372 and @entity972 were measured in basal state, and during perioperative and postoperative period. Hemodynamic status was monitored and side effects were recorded. @entity1 of group I presented signs of @entity942 consisting of marked sympathetic response. When @entity4671 perfusion ceased, both groups presented serum concentrations of @entity701 under the lower normal limit. Six hours after operation, mean serum concentration of @entity701 in group 2 @entity1 was significantly lower than in group I @entity1 ; in their samples, a dose-dependent recovery was detected. Serum @entity413 concentration increased during anesthesia and operation and serum electrolyte concentration remained within normal range during perioperative and postoperative periods. Our results demonstrate that a 20 micrograms/kg/min @entity4671 infusion is adequate to achieve neuroanesthesia when @entity3810 administration is contraindicated.

title: [ XXXX perfusion in neurosurgery].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity4671 :: ('MESH:D005045', 'Chemical') :: ['etomidate']

entities_list: @entity6305 :: ('MESH:D010197', 'Chemical') :: ['pancuronium bromide']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['Fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['deficient hypnosis']

answer: @entity4671 :: (MESH:D005045,Chemical) :: ['Etomidate']


abstract: We discussed 13 @entity1 , 10 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 -aged 12-17, who fell ill of @entity161 . 12 of them had a @entity161 parent, 2 of them other @entity161 relatives. All grew up in an isolated and facadelike family. Their education was limited and rigid. They often lived in strained relations. There was no delimination between the family-members-as familytherapists describe it as typical in families with a @entity161 member. They were conspicuous long before the outbrake of their @entity161 : 8 without initiative, overadapted and well behaving, 3 overactive, 2 aggressive towards their mothers, 8 @entity1 heavily depending on their mothers, the 2 @entity1 correspondingly on their fathers. 5 were overprotected by their mothers and 5 affectively isolated within their families. There is strong evidence they were MBD- @entity1 . All were isolated at school, could not meet basic requirements, 7 were retarded in their speech development. It is assumed that MBD- @entity1 develop @entity161 when confronted and affectively and perceptively overstressed due to our society's role-change-demands; for this age leads to different social relationships (own family, peergroup, professional position). This unbearable situation leads to panic and @entity1949 . And so they became less capable to perceive distinctively, and they lost a part of their toilsamly conditioned reactions. These reactions can be compared with those of normals, who get into panic, are flooded by irritations or sensorily deprivated. The loss of the conditioned reactions corresponds with the observations made on animals being overstressed in their discriminatory capability. Contrary to these normal reactions the symptoms of @entity161 remain unchanged, because the return into reality for them creates an unbearable demand. Therefore contrary to normal it is possible that the loss of conditioned reactions of these @entity1 goes on for a long time, which equals a @entity161 .

title: [Anamnesis of adolescent schizophrenics. A contribution on the problem of the etiology of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['auto-sensory deprivation']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic', 'schizophrenic defect']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: AIM: To describe the prevalence of all forms of scrotal @entity730 within a symptomatic paediatric population and to compare this with previous reported data in paediatric and adult populations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of testicular ultrasound examinations performed in a single institution over a 55 month period. All examinations were performed by experienced operators using high-frequency linear array transducers. Types of scrotal @entity730 and position were recorded with all available images analysed by experienced radiologists. RESULTS: A total 516 male @entity1 under the age of 19 years (mean age 10.5 years) were included. The prevalence of @entity31316 ( @entity31316 ) was 8.7% and the prevalence of non- @entity31316 macrocalcification was 0.4%. 2.3% of the @entity1 had scrotal pearls and 0.2% had epididymal @entity730 recorded. No other form of @entity730 was identified. A  single @entity1 had a co-existing @entity5 and @entity31316 at examination. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of @entity31316 in the symptomatic paediatric population is greater than that reported in the symptomatic adult population, whereas the prevalence of intra-testicular macrocalcification is lower. It is speculated that @entity31316 and macrocalcification represent different pathways for the possible risk of @entity5 development.

title: Scrotal @entity730 in a symptomatic paediatric population: Prevalence, location, and appearance in a cohort of 516 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31316 :: ('MESH:C566478', 'Disease') :: ['TM', 'testicular microlithiasis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular tumour']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In @entity1 with advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) aged more than 70 years, the benefit-to-risk ratio of doublet chemotherapy vs single-agent is not established. METHODS: We performed a meta-analysis (MA), with a PubMed query using keywords simultaneously (Randomized controlled trial, Aged, Anti-neoplastic combined chemotherapy protocols/therapeutic use, @entity189 , @entity1149 /drug therapy). Abstracts from ASCO, WCLC, and ESMO proceedings were reviewed. Articles were also obtained by cross-checking references. Third-generation agents ( @entity136 , @entity1206 , @entity1311 , @entity1205 ) in combination with or without @entity902 were included. The efficacy outcomes were Overall Response Rate (ORR) and 1-Year Overall Survival (OS). We used EasyMA software and a random-effect model in case of heterogeneity. RESULTS: This MA comprised 10 studies including 2605 @entity1 (mean age 74; 1866 @entity1 and 620 @entity1 ; 654 stage IIIB and 1677 stage IV; 839 @entity1544 , 968 @entity420 , 521 other pathological types). One-year OS (including the last trial by @entity36713 ) did not significantly improve for doublets compared with single-agents (HR 0.92; 95% Confidence Interval or CI: 0.82-1.03) whereas it improved significantly before inclusion of this last study, when the study by Quoix et al., the most favorable to doublets, was included. However, doublet chemotherapy significantly improved ORR after inclusion of Abe study (HR 1.51; 1.22-1.86; p<0.001). OS was not significantly improved, neither by doublets including @entity902 (HR 0.90, 0.70-1.16), nor by those without @entity902 (HR 0.94, 0.84-1.07). ORR, but not OS, was improved by doublets including a @entity3907 ( @entity1205 and @entity1311 ) (HR 1.72; 1.28-2.33) except for @entity1311 with a significant OS and ORR benefit. All-grade neutropenia @entity882 and @entity417 were significantly more frequent with doublets than with single-agents (HR 1.26, 1.15-1.39; 1.75, 1.11-2.77 and 1.33, 1.17-1.52 respectively). Grade 3/4 @entity882 and @entity417 but not neutropenia were significantly more frequent with doublets (HRs 2.13, 1.01-4.49 and 1.84, 1.29-2.63 respectively). CONCLUSION: Compared with single-agents, doublets significantly improved ORR but not OS. They induced significantly more frequent @entity882 and @entity417 . The benefit-to-risk ratio of doublets in advanced @entity1149 might be more favorable than that of single agents, based on ORR but not OS.

title: Comparison of the efficacy and safety of single-agent and doublet chemotherapy in advanced XXXX in the elderly: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer', 'Non-small cell lung']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1206 :: ('MESH:C030852', 'Chemical') :: ['vinorelbine']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell cancers']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A consensus conference recommended empirical antibiotic therapy for all @entity1 with @entity86 and treatment withdrawal after 48 or 72 h if cerebrospinal fluid culture results are negative. However, this approach is not universally accepted and has not been assessed in clinical trials. METHODS: We performed a cohort study of all @entity1 who received a diagnosis of @entity86 from January 1998 through May 2005 in a teaching hospital. From January 1998 through September 2003 (control period), guidelines were lacking or were not implemented. From October 2003 through May 2005 (interventional period), all @entity1 received a predefined intravenous antibiotic therapy that was discontinued on the third day if the @entity693 was considered aseptic. Clinical outcome and duration of antibiotic therapy were analyzed for each @entity1 . RESULTS: Seventy-five episodes of @entity86 (21 cases of @entity4008 and 54 cases of @entity5827 ) were investigated. @entity1 with @entity5827 received antibiotic treatment for a mean +/- standard deviation duration of 11+/-5 days during the control period and 3.5+/-2 days during the intervention period (P=.001). The duration of antibiotic treatment for @entity4008 was not significantly different between the 2 periods. All episodes of bacterial and @entity5827 were cured, and complications were rare during both periods. CONCLUSIONS: Stopping antibiotic treatment after 3 days is effective and safe for @entity1 with @entity86 whose cerebrospinal fluid culture results are negative.

title: Evaluation of the management of postoperative XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative meningitis']

answer: @entity5827 :: (MESH:D008582,Disease) :: ['aseptic meningitis']