abstract: BACKGROUND: Advances in care for neonates with @entity1152 ( @entity1152 ) has improved overall survival rates. Disease-specific prognostic scores for @entity1152 assess mortality risk without assessing @entity1 morbidity. We undertook an analysis of these and generic scoring systems evaluating their ability to predict early nonmortality outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review of all @entity1 with @entity1152 at our tertiary care @entity1 's hospital. Disease-specific (Spitz, Waterston, and Montreal) and generic prognostic scores (Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology II and Score for Neonatal Acute Physiology-Perinatal Extension) were calculated. Outcomes investigated included mortality and early nonmortality outcomes (leak, stricture, and recurrent @entity292 ). These were assessed individually and as a composite "poor outcome" score. Correlations were sought, and receiver operating characteristic curves were generated. RESULTS: Fifty @entity1 were included for analysis, with 5 deaths (10%) in our series. Eight @entity1 developed a postoperative leak, 18 developed @entity850 requiring dilatation, and 2 developed refistulization. Overall, 51% of survivors had a poor composite outcome. Although no prognostic score achieved statistical significance, the generic scores outperformed the disease-specific scores in predicting early nonmortality outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative morbidity remains common in @entity1 with @entity1152 . Disease-specific, preexisting prognostic scoring systems do not delineate surviving @entity1 at risk for early complications and appears to underperform when compared with generic prognostic scores.

title: An analysis of early nonmortality outcome prediction in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1152 :: ('MESH:D004933', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal atresia', 'EA']

answer: @entity1152 :: (MESH:D004933,Disease) :: ['esophageal atresia']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To investigate the efficacy and @entity137 of a short intensive Uracil/Tegafur (UFT) based chemoradiotherapy scheme combined with @entity12698 in locally advanced @entity788 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: The Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam and the Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam enrolled 83 eligible @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 in a prospective multicentre phase II study. Median age was 62 years, median @entity5 size 40 mm and the majority of the @entity1 (85%) had @entity788 . Treatment consisted of 20 2.5 Gy radiotherapy combined with UFT 300 mg/m(2) per day, @entity4181 ( @entity4181 ) 30 mg and @entity12698 80 0mg for 28 days concomitant with radiotherapy. Four @entity1 were lost to follow-up. RESULTS: Full treatment compliance was achieved in 55% of @entity1 , 80% received at least 3 weeks of treatment. No partial or complete response was observed. Median survival was 10.6 months and median time to progression 6.9 months. @entity137 was substantial with 28% grades III and IV gastro-intestinal @entity137 and two early toxic deaths. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the lack of response, the substantial @entity137 of mainly gastro-intestinal origin and the reported mediocre overall and progression free survival, we cannot advise our short intensive chemoradiotherapy schedule combined with @entity12698 as the standard treatment.

title: Phase II trial of Uracil/Tegafur plus XXXX and @entity12698 combined with radiotherapy in locally advanced @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid', 'leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic head cancers']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity4181 :: (MESH:D002955,Chemical) :: ['leucovorin']


abstract:
UNASSIGNED: Worldwide air pollution is a major health concern. There is accumulating scientific evidence that air pollution plays an important role in extrinsic @entity1240 . This article invites the reader to consider pollution as a possible emerging etiologic agent for the development of @entity1709 . Pollution may be a risk factor for @entity1709 and other facial @entity1538 . Air pollution in the form of airborne particulate matter (PM) and Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) enter the skin via nanoparticles and generate quinones, which are redox-cycling chemicals that produce reactive oxygen species (ROS). The PM increases the amount of ROS that triggers the increase of metalloproteinases that leads to extrinsic @entity1240 , which includes @entity2118 . The incidence of disorders of @entity2117 specifically, @entity1709 , is increased in @entity1 of skin type III-VI living in India and South East Asia. Interestingly, these are also geographic regions with very heavy pollution. India, South East Asia, China, and United States lead the world in air pollution.

 J Drugs Dermatol. 2015;14(4):337-341.

title: Pollution as a Risk Factor for the Development of Melasma and Other Skin Disorders of XXXX   - Is There a Case to Be Made?.

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['pigmentary dyschromias']

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['facial hyperpigmentation']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['skin pigmentation']

answer: @entity2117 :: (MESH:D017495,Disease) :: ['Facial Hyperpigmentation']


abstract: AIM: To compare the levels of @entity282 after cleaning and shaping of root canals using two different root canal irrigants for debridement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty @entity1 with irreversible @entity11624 , @entity14479 and non-vital teeth exhibiting @entity1546 requiring root canal treatment were included. At random, canals were cleaned and shaped with the following protocols. 2% @entity1216 solution in group I and 5.25% @entity8830 solution in group II were used as an irrigants. Access cavities were closed with a sterile @entity2708 pellet and cavit. The @entity1 recorded degree of @entity158 at various time intervals after cleaning and shaping on a visual analogue scale for 1 week. RESULTS: The mean @entity158 score for group I was between 0.65 and 3.35 and for group II was between 0.95 and 4.50. There was significant difference in the @entity158 level between the two groups only at 6 th hour postoperatively (P<0.05) and the @entity158 was more in @entity8830 group. CONCLUSIONS: More @entity158 was present in teeth irrigated using 5.25% @entity8830 when compared to that in teeth irrigated using 2% @entity1216 solution. Significant difference in @entity158 level was present only at 6th hour postoperatively, and at all other periods (24 th hour, 4 th and 7 th days) there was no significant difference in @entity158 level between the two groups.

title: Comparison of 2% XXXX and 5.25% @entity8830 irrigating solutions on @entity282 : a randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity1546 :: ('MESH:D010485', 'Disease') :: ['acute apical periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity14479 :: ('MESH:D003790', 'Disease') :: ['pulp necrosis']

entities_list: @entity8830 :: ('MESH:D012973', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hypochlorite']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity1216 :: (MESH:D002710,Chemical) :: ['chlorhexidine']


abstract: Psychosocial stress is associated with altered immunity, @entity148 and @entity308 . Previously we showed that @entity6100 ( @entity6100 ) promoted microglia activation and social avoidance behavior that persisted for 24days after cessation of @entity6100 . The aim of the present study was to determine if @entity2645 (a tricyclic antidepressant) would reverse @entity6100 -inducedsocial avoidance and ameliorate neuroinflammatory responses. To test this, C57BL/6 @entity19 were divided into treatment groups. One group from @entity6100 and controls received daily injections of @entity2645 for 24days, following 6 cycles of @entity6100 . Two other groups were treated with saline. @entity6100 @entity19 spent significantly less time in the interaction zone when an aggressor was present in the cage. Administration of @entity2645 reversed social avoidance behavior, significantly increasing the interaction time, so that it was similar to that of control @entity19 . Moreover, 24days of @entity2645 treatment in @entity6100 @entity19 significantly decreased stress-induced mRNA levels for @entity777 in brain microglia. Following ex vivo LPS stimulation, microglia from @entity19 exposed to @entity6100 , had higher mRNA expression of @entity777 , @entity637 , and @entity635 , and this was reversed by @entity2645 treatment. In a second experiment, @entity2645 was added to drinking water confirming the reversal of social avoidant behavior and decrease in mRNA expression of @entity777 in microglia. These data suggest that the antidepressant @entity2645 may exert its effect, in part, by down-regulating microglial activation.

title: XXXX attenuates neuroinflammatory signaling and reverses stress-induced social avoidance.

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['RSD', 'repeated social defeat']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2645 :: ('MESH:D007099', 'Chemical') :: ['imipramine']

answer: @entity2645 :: (MESH:D007099,Chemical) :: ['Imipramine']


abstract: Constructs carrying the entire or part of the @entity286 @entity1507 reductase cDNA (NIA) cloned between the promoter and terminator sequences of the 35S RNA of the @entity3260 were introduced into @entity286 , in an attempt to improve @entity1507 assimilation. Several transgenic plants that had elevated NIA mRNA and @entity1507 reductase (NR) activity were obtained. In addition, a few plants that exhibited a chlorotic phenotype characteristic of @entity28030 mutants were also obtained. One of these plants contained no NIA mRNA, no NR activity and accumulated @entity1507 . This phenotype was therefore assumed to result from co-suppression of 35S-NIA transgenes and host NIA genes. @entity28030 plants were also found among the progeny of transformants overexpressing NIA mRNA. Genetic analyses indicated that these @entity28030 plants were homozygous for the 35S-NIA transgene, although not all homozygous plants were deficient for NR. The ratio of normal to @entity28030 plants in the progeny of homozygous plants remained constant at each generation, irrespective of the state of expression of the NIA genes (active or inactive) in the previous generation. This ratio also remained unchanged when field trials were performed in two areas of France: Versailles and Bergerac. The analysis of homozygous plants revealed that co-suppression was reversible at some stage of sexual reproduction. Indeed, host genes and transgenes reactivated at each generation, and co-suppression always appeared after a lag period of normal growth, suggesting that the phenomenon is developmentally regulated.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Co-suppression of XXXX reductase host genes and transgenes in transgenic @entity286 plants.

entities_list: @entity28030 :: ('MESH:C535830', 'Disease') :: ['NR-deficient']

entities_list: @entity3260 :: ('10641', 'Species') :: ['cauliflower mosaic virus']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

answer: @entity1507 :: (CHEBI:48107,Chemical) :: ['nitrate']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Individuals with @entity71 ( @entity71 ) are at increased risk of developing @entity734 ( @entity734 ) and @entity1239 @entity734 . The co-occurrence of @entity71 and @entity734 / @entity1239 @entity734 may in part be mediated by shared genetic liability. Several neurobiological pathways have been implicated in both @entity71 and @entity734 , including @entity935 and @entity750 pathways. We hypothesized that variations in @entity935 and @entity750 neurotransmission genes were involved in the genetic liability to develop @entity734 / @entity1239 @entity734 in @entity71 . The current study included @entity1 with @entity71 (n   =   280) who were originally part of the Dutch International Multicenter @entity71 Genetics study. @entity1 were aged 5-15 years and attending outpatient clinics at enrollment in the study. Diagnoses of @entity71 , @entity734 , @entity1239 @entity734 , age of first @entity1239 and substance use, and @entity285 use severity were based on semi-structured interviews and questionnaires. Genetic risk scores were created for both serotonergic and dopaminergic risk genes previously shown to be associated with @entity71 and @entity734 and/or @entity1239 @entity734 . The @entity750 genetic risk score significantly predicted @entity285 use severity. No significant @entity750   *   @entity935 risk score or effect of stimulant medication was found. The current study adds to the literature by providing insight into genetic underpinnings of the co-morbidity of @entity71 and @entity734 . While the focus of the literature so far has been mostly on @entity935 , our study suggests that @entity750 may also play a role in the relationship between these disorders.

title: @entity935 and @entity750 genetic risk scores predicting substance and @entity1239 use in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence', 'SUDs', 'substance use disorders']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the influence of @entity5161 anaesthesia versus total intravenous anaesthesia with @entity1875 / @entity680 on intraocular pressure (IOP). METHODS: 40 @entity1 undergoing ophthalmic surgery were randomly allocated to two study groups. In group 1 (n = 20), anaesthesia was induced with @entity4490 4 mg/kg and @entity680 15 micrograms/kg. Maintenance of anaesthesia was achieved with @entity5161 0.5-0.8 Vol.% and 70% @entity3810 in @entity26 . @entity1 in group 2 (n = 20) received @entity1875 1.5 mg/kg, which was followed by a continuous infusion of 6 mg/kg/h. In addition, @entity680 15 micrograms/kg was administered, followed by a continuous infusion of 15 micrograms/kg/h. In both groups, endotracheal intubation was facilitated by @entity2900 1 mg/kg, and further @entity121 was achieved with @entity3369 0.07 mg/kg. Measurements of IOP using an applanation tonometer were taken in each @entity1 at 10 different time points. RESULTS: In both groups, there was a significant decrease in IOP after induction of anaesthesia. No significant differences in IOP occurred between groups, with @entity1 in group 2 showing a trend towards lower IOP values. CONCLUSION: We conclude from our results that both anaesthetic techniques can be administered if increases in IOP have to be avoided.

title: [Behavior of intraocular pressure in anesthesia with @entity5161 in comparison with @entity1875 / XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle relaxation']

entities_list: @entity3369 :: ('MESH:D014673', 'Chemical') :: ['vecuronium']

entities_list: @entity680 :: ('MESH:D015760', 'Chemical') :: ['alfentanil']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4490 :: ('MESH:D013874', 'Chemical') :: ['thiopentone']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity3810 :: ('MESH:D009609', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrous oxide']

entities_list: @entity5161 :: ('MESH:D007530', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflurane']

entities_list: @entity2900 :: ('MESH:D013390', 'Chemical') :: ['succinylcholine']

answer: @entity680 :: (MESH:D015760,Chemical) :: ['alfentanil']


abstract: @entity5 is generally considered to be the most important somatic effect of low doses of ionizing radiation. It is therefore of great concern to assess the quantitative @entity5 risk of exposure to radiations of different quality and to obtain information on the dose-response relationships for @entity105 . Tissues in the @entity1 with a high sensitivity for @entity5 induction include the bone marrow, the lung, the thyroid and the breast in @entity1 . If the revised dosimetry estimates for the Japanese survivors of the atomic bomb explosions are correct, there is no useful data base left to derive r.b.e. values for @entity1 @entity105 . As a consequence, it will be necessary to rely on results obtained in biological systems, including experimental animals, for these estimates. With respect to radiation protection, the following aspects of experimental studies on radiation @entity105 are of relevance: Assessment of the nature of dose-response relationships. Determination of the relative biological effectiveness of radiations of different quality. Effects of fractionation or protraction of the dose on @entity5 development. For the analysis of @entity5 data in animals, specific approaches have to be applied which correct for competing risks. These methods include actuarial estimates, non-parametric models and analytical models. The dose-response curves for radiation-induced @entity5 in different tissues vary in shape. This is exemplified by studies on @entity1778 in @entity19 and @entity29060 in different @entity35 strains. The results on radiation @entity105 in animal models clearly indicate that the highest r.b.e. values are observed for neutrons with energies between 0.5 and 1 MeV. On the basis of such results it might be concluded that the maximum quality factor of 10 for neutrons should be increased. Based on current evidence, an increase by a factor of 2 to 3 seems more realistic than a tenfold rise. The diversity of dose-response relationships point to different mechanisms involved in the induction of different @entity5 in various species and even in different strains of the same species.

title: XXXX in experimental animals and its implications for radiation protection.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer induction', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['myeloid leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity29060 :: ('MESH:D015674', 'Disease') :: ['mammary neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity105 :: (MESH:D063646,Disease) :: ['Radiation carcinogenesis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of a minor degree of artificially induced @entity3656 ( @entity3656 ) on plantar pressure distribution in @entity6 @entity1 with @entity1411 . METHOD: In-shoe plantar pressure distributions were measured on the ulcerated foot during walking using F-scan (Tekscan Inc.). To simulate minor @entity3656 , the contralateral leg length was changed by asking @entity1 to walk under three different conditions: wearing shoe of the same sole thickness (NLLD), walking with a bare foot (20mm long leg) and wearing a 40mm-high platform-sole shoe (20mm short leg). These three different walking conditions were compared in a randomised, single-blinded crossover design. RESULTS: The study included 28 @entity6 @entity1 with @entity1411 (53.7    6.8 years; 16 males, 12 female). Notably, the peak pressure and pressure time integral (PTI) were the most affected parameters. PTI significantly increased beneath total foot, mid-foot, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th metatarsal heads (MTHs), and 3rd toe, when the 20mm short leg was simulated (79.4    21.1; 61.5    32.3; 59.9    36.5; 69    42.1; 70.6    42.3; 63.9    33.7; 40.   33.2 kPa  s, respectively), compared with NLLD (73.7    19.9; 55.524; 51.8    30.1; 58.4    37.6; 60.3    39.5; 57.2    32.3; 36.9    33.3 kPa  s, respectively). CONCLUSION: The short leg of @entity6 @entity1 with @entity1411 will be subjected to greater pressure load, primarily beneath the total foot, mid-foot and 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th metatarsal heads. As such, care should be taken to avoid minor @entity3656 , as it could inadvertently develop on using offloading devices. DECLARATION OF INTEREST: The authors have nothing to declare.

title: Effect of simulated leg length discrepancy on plantar pressure distribution in @entity6 @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3656 :: ('MESH:D007870', 'Disease') :: ['leg length discrepancy', 'LLD']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1411 :: ('MESH:D016523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic foot ulceration', 'neuropathic foot ulcers']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

answer: @entity1411 :: (MESH:D016523,Disease) :: ['neuropathic foot ulceration']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the cervicovaginal fetal fibronectin test to predict @entity3152 . DATA SOURCES: We searched MEDLINE, Current Contents, Index Medicus, and proceedings of meetings for studies published between 1991 and June 1997. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: Inclusion criteria were prospective cohort study; test performed between 20 and 36 weeks' gestation; fetal fibronectin measured by a previously described assay, with a cutoff level set at 50 ng/mL; test results not disclosed to @entity1 or physicians; and fewer than 20% of study @entity1 excluded from the analysis. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Twenty-nine relevant studies were stratified according to the prevalence of @entity3152 , the number of tests performed, and delivery before 34, 35, or 37 weeks. Sensitivities, specificities, and likelihood ratios were calculated in each study. The summary estimates of the likelihood ratio for tests yielding positive results or tests yielding negative results along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed in each stratum according to a random-effects model. All summary likelihood ratios for a test yielding positive results indicated a significant association with @entity3152 . The strongest association was found between a single test with positive results and delivery before 37 weeks in a low-risk population (likelihood ratio 7.5; 95% CI 4.6, 12.3). This association also was found in high-risk @entity1 (likelihood ratio 3.5; 95% CI 2.6, 4.6). In high-risk @entity1 , a test yielding negative results was associated with a reduction in risk of @entity3152 (likelihood ratio 0.4; 95% CI 0.3, 0.5). CONCLUSION: Fetal fibronectin in cervicovaginal secretions is associated with @entity3152 in both high-risk and low-risk @entity1 .

title: Prediction of XXXX by fetal fibronectin: a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm delivery']


abstract: @entity3852 , first reported as " @entity189 " by Toker in 1972, is a dangerous, often fatal primary @entity1489 . The current authors report eight @entity1 , only one of whom is considered to have a totally successful clinical outcome. Two @entity1 died and one was preterminal with @entity66 in 10 to 20 months. Two others had recurrence or @entity3 within a year, and two @entity1 died early of @entity66 after first developing regional lymph node involvement. Review of 139 @entity1 reported in the literature indicates local recurrence in 30 per cent, regional lymph node @entity3 in 50 per cent, and @entity204 from @entity5 in 18 per of the cases. All @entity1 in the present series received radiation therapy with encouraging response. The @entity5 was quite radiosensitive, and in only one instance was there recurrence within an irradiated field. Wide surgical excision with prompt postoperative irradiation to the local site and regional lymphatics is the therapy of @entity75 . Regional lymphadenectomy is recommended whenever nodal involvement is suspected. Currently, an aggressive combined surgical and radio-therapeutic approach to this dangerous @entity5 appears warranted, although further data may show that early and routine use of radiotherapy in @entity3852 could obviate the necessity for extensive operative procedures.

title: XXXX : combined surgery and radiation therapy.

entities_list: @entity3852 :: ('MESH:D015266', 'Disease') :: ['Merkel cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['widespread disease', 'intercurrent disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['choice in early lesions']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['trabecular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3852 :: (MESH:D015266,Disease) :: ['Merkel cell carcinoma']


abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate atrial @entity245 ( @entity245 ), P wave dispersion (Pwd), and left atrial (LA) mechanical functions in @entity1 with active @entity2012 . Twenty-three @entity1 with active @entity2012 and 27 age- and sex-matched controls were included in this study. All atrial electromechanical interval parameters (PA lateral, PA septum, PA tricuspid, interatrial @entity245 , intra-LA @entity245 , and intra-right @entity955 ) were measured from mitral lateral annulus, mitral septal annulus, and right ventricular tricuspid annulus by tissue Doppler imaging. LA volumes were measured by the disk method in the apical four-chamber view and were indexed to the body surface area. Mechanical function parameters of LA were calculated. Pwd was performed by 12-lead electrocardiograms. Atrial electromechanical intervals (PA lateral, PA septum, PA tricuspid, interatrial @entity245 , intra-LA @entity245 , and intra-right @entity955 ) and Pwd were similar between @entity1 with @entity2012 and control subjects (all p  >  0.05). LA volumes (maximum, minimum, and presystolic) and LA mechanical functions were not significantly different between the groups (all p  >  0.05). Additionally, serum levels of growth hormone and insulin-like growth factor-1 were not correlated with atrial electromechanical parameters and LA mechanical functions. Atrial electrical conduction times were not prolonged and LA mechanical functions were not impaired in @entity1 with active @entity2012 compared with controls. And the prevalence of supraventricular @entity943 risk may not increase in this population.

title: Atrial conduction times and left atrium mechanical functions in @entity1 with active XXXX .

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['EMD', 'electromechanical delay']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial EMD']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: Massive hyperdiploidy (>50 chromosomes) and @entity8339 (4n) are rare cytogenetic abnormalities in @entity5 , and their significance is unknown. We report on 11 @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) and two @entity1 with a @entity2590 ( @entity2590 ) with massive hyperdiploidy (10 @entity1 ) or @entity8339 (3 @entity1 ) seen at our institution over a 12-year period. Eleven @entity1 were male and two were female. Age range was 44-84 years (median, 70 years). Only one @entity3052 @entity1 had a previous @entity2590 , and no @entity1 had therapy-related disease. One or more copies of chromosomes 8 and 19 were gained in eight @entity1 each; other frequently gained chromosomes included 13, 15, and 21. Eight @entity1 had structural @entity2008 ; del(5q) was most common (five @entity1 ). Eleven @entity1 received induction chemotherapy, but only four achieved complete remission. Survival ranged from 1 to 22 months, with a median of 6 months. We conclude that massive hyperdiploidy and @entity8339 are infrequent abnormalities in @entity3052 and @entity2590 , are seen primarily in de novo disease in older male @entity1 and are associated with a low remission rate and short survival. Massive hyperdiploidy and @entity8339 define a prognostically unfavorable cytogenetic group in de novo @entity3052 .

title: Massive hyperdiploidy and XXXX and @entity2590 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8339 :: ('MESH:D057891', 'Disease') :: ['tetraploidy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['myelocytic malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndrome', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['AML', 'acute myelocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities in addition to chromosome gain']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['tetraploidy in acute myelocytic leukemia']


abstract: This report describes 4 cases of @entity6409 ( @entity6409 ) affecting 2 Jordanian families with a total of 8 @entity1 . In family A, 3 @entity1 out of 6 siblings were affected; and in family B, the eldest of 2 brothers. The @entity1 were between 4 1/2 and 12 years old, and their parents, who are first cousins, were not affected. Diagnosis was determined by history, and clinical, laboratory, and radiographic examinations. All present cases exhibited the typical clinical features of @entity6409 : @entity5656 and soles and the presence of advanced destructive @entity2521 resulting in early loss of both the primary and permanent dentitions. In Case 4, cutaneous lesions were noticed at age 6 months and the @entity1 was edentulous by the age of 12 years. In all cases, there was a relationship between increased severity of @entity272 and seasonal variations and intensified periodontal destruction. There was an early eruption of the permanent teeth. The teeth were caries-free with no sign of root resorption. Dentists play a significant role in the diagnosis and management of @entity6409 @entity1 .

title: XXXX : a review of the literature and report of 4 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5656 :: ('MESH:D017488', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkeratosis of the palms']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity6409 :: ('MESH:D010214', 'Disease') :: ['Papillon-Lef  vre syndrome', 'PLS']

answer: @entity6409 :: (MESH:D010214,Disease) :: ['Papillon-Lef  vre syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Heavy ion beams possess high @entity2483 and a prominent Bragg peak in the @entity1 body, resulting in higher relative biological effectiveness and improved dose distribution. To establish heavy ion therapy techniques for the treatment of @entity263 , phase I/II clinical trials were initiated. METHODS: For 96 @entity1 with @entity263 , three @entity505 ion beams were used to irradiate the prostate and seminal vesicles (20 times/5 weeks) with or without endocrine therapy. Radiation dose was expressed in GyE which was initially thought to be equivalent to photon dose. Total dose was gradually increased from 54 to 72 GyE. RESULTS: @entity505 ion therapy was completed in 20 cases of T1b/T1c/T2aN0M0 as monotherapy, in 8 cases of T2b/T3pN0M0 with neoadjuvant endocrine therapy, and in 68 cases of T2b/T3N0/pN1M0 with neoadjuvant and adjuvant endocrine therapy. Median observation period was 47 months. Grade 3 late radiation morbidity of rectum and/or bladder/urethra developed in one and five cases who received 66 and 72 GyE of radiation, respectively. After these adverse effects were observed, total dose was decreased to 66 GyE and the radiation field was coned down during the treatment course. At 5 years, overall, cause-specific, clinical recurrence-free, and biochemical recurrence-free survival rates were 87.7, 94.9, 90.0, and 82.6%, respectively. Local control was achieved in all @entity1 except one @entity1 who received 54 GyE of radiation. CONCLUSIONS: The therapeutic techniques of @entity505 ion therapy have been established for @entity1 with @entity263 . @entity505 ion therapy may exert excellent effect to the tissues of @entity263 .

title: Phase I/II clinical trials of @entity505 ion therapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['linear energy transfer components']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['T1b-T3 prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity505 :: ('MESH:D002244', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon', 'Carbon']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: It has been suggested that A(3) @entity859 receptors (ARs) play a role in the pathophysiology of @entity2806 with dual and opposite neuroprotective and neurodegenerative effects. This could be due to a receptor regulation mediated by rapid phosphorylation and desensitization carried out by intracellular kinases. In this study, we investigated the involvement of extracellular regulated kinase ( @entity1366 ), members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, in A(3) AR phosphorylation. A(3) AR mediated the activation of @entity1366 with a typical transient monophasic kinetics (5 min). The activation was not affected by hypertonic sucrose cell pre-treatment, suggesting that this effect occurred independently of receptor internalization. The involvement of MAPK cascade in the A(3) AR regulation process was evaluated using two well-characterized MAPK kinase inhibitors, @entity4286 ( @entity4286 ) and @entity5732 (1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis (aminophenylthio) butadiene). The exposure of cells to @entity4286 prevented MAPK activation and inhibited homologous A(3) AR desensitization and internalization, impairing agonist-mediated receptor phosphorylation. @entity4286 inhibited the membrane translocation of G protein-coupled receptor kinase (GRK(2)), which is involved in A(3) AR homologous phosphorylation, suggesting this kinase as a target for the MAPK cascade. On the contrary, the chemically unrelated inhibitor of the MAPK cascade, @entity5732 , did not significantly affect GRK(2) membrane translocation or receptor internalization. Nevertheless, the inhibitor induced a significant impairment of receptor phosphorylation and desensitization. These results suggested that the MAPK cascade is involved in A(3) AR regulation by a feedback mechanism which controls GRK(2) activity and probably involves a direct receptor phosphorylation.

title: Involvement of mitogen protein kinase cascade in agonist-mediated human A(3) XXXX receptor regulation.

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4286 :: ('MESH:C093973', 'Chemical') :: ['PD98059', "2-(2'-amino-3'-methoxyphenyl)oxanaphthalen-4-one"]

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['adenosine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The dopamine transporter is a key protein responsible for regulating dopamine homeostasis. Its function is to transport dopamine from the extracellular space into the presynaptic neuron. Studies have suggested that accumulation of dopamine in the cytosol can trigger oxidative stress and @entity2359 . Previously, ectopic expression of the dopamine transporter was shown to cause damage in non-dopaminergic neurons due to their inability to handle cytosolic dopamine. However, it is unknown whether increasing dopamine transporter activity will be detrimental to dopamine neurons that are inherently capable of storing and degrading dopamine. To address this issue, we characterized @entity19 that over-express the dopamine transporter selectively in dopamine neurons. We report that dopamine transporter over-expressing ( @entity8829 -tg) @entity19 display spontaneous loss of midbrain dopamine neurons that is accompanied by increases in oxidative stress markers, 5-S-cysteinyl-dopamine and 5-S-cysteinyl-DOPAC. In addition, metabolite-to-dopamine ratios are increased and @entity57557 protein expression is decreased in the striatum of these animals. Furthermore, @entity8829 -tg @entity19 also show fine @entity51 on challenging beam traversal that are reversed with l-DOPA treatment. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that even in neurons that routinely handle dopamine, increased uptake of this neurotransmitter through the dopamine transporter results in oxidative damage, @entity528 and l-DOPA reversible @entity51 . In addition, @entity8829 over-expressing animals are highly sensitive to MPTP-induced @entity2359 . The effects of increased dopamine uptake in these @entity19 could shed light on the unique vulnerability of dopamine neurons in @entity191 .

title: Increased expression of the dopamine transporter leads to loss of dopamine neurons, oxidative stress and l-DOPA reversible XXXX .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficits']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity51 :: (MESH:D009461,Disease) :: ['motor deficits']


abstract: Cell sheet engineering is a scaffold-free delivery concept that has been shown to improve mesenchymal stem cell-mediated regeneration of injured or pathologically damaged periodontal tissues in preclinical studies and several clinical trials. However, the best strategy for cell sheet production remains to be identified. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological effects of osthole, a @entity1524 -like derivative extracted from Chinese herbs, on the cell sheet formation and osteogenic properties of @entity1 periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (JBMMSCs). @entity1 -matched PDLSCs and JBMMSCs were isolated, and an appropriate concentration of osthole for cell culture was screened for both cell types in terms of cell proliferation and @entity623 ( @entity623 ) activity. Next, the best mode of osthole stimulation for inducing the formation of sheets by each cell type was selected by evaluating the amount of their extracellular matrix (ECM) protein production as well as osteogenic-related gene expression. Furthermore, both PDLSC and JBMMSC sheets obtained from each optimized technique were transplanted subcutaneously into @entity19 to evaluate their capacity for ectopic bone regeneration. The results revealed that 10(-5) m/L osthole significantly enhanced the proliferation of both PDLSCs and JBMMSCs (P < 0.05), although for JBMMSCs, there was no concentration-related change among the four established osthole groups (P > 0.05). In addition, 10(-5) m/L osthole was the best concentration to promote the @entity623 activities of both cells (P < 0.01). Based on both the production of ECM proteins (collagen type I, integrin b1, and fibronectin) and the expression of osteogenic genes ( @entity623 , @entity8087 ( @entity8087 ), and osteocalcin (OCN)), the provision of 10(-5) m/L osthole throughout the entire culture stage (10 days) for PDLSCs or at the early stage (first 3 days) for JBMMSCs was the most effective osthole administration mode for cell sheet formation (P < 0.05). The results of in vivo transplantation showed that osthole-mediated PDLSC and JBMMSC sheets formed more new bone than those obtained without osthole intervention (P < 0.001). Our data suggest that a suitable concentration and mode of osthole stimulation may enhance ECM production and positively affect cell behavior in cell sheet engineering.

title: The effect of the XXXX -like derivative osthole on the osteogenic properties of @entity1 periodontal ligament and jaw bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell sheets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity8087 :: ('860', 'Gene') :: ['Runt-related transcription factor 2', 'RUNX2']

entities_list: @entity1524 :: ('MESH:C030123', 'Chemical') :: ['coumarin']

entities_list: @entity623 :: ('250', 'Gene') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

answer: @entity1524 :: (MESH:C030123,Chemical) :: ['coumarin']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical characteristics and course of @entity15221 ( @entity2933 ) @entity1445 . METHODS: We assembled a retrospective series of all cases of @entity2933 ingestion see in an urban public-hospital emergency department and entered in a computerized database January 1993 through December 1996. From these cases we extracted demographic information, concurrent drug use, vital signs, Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score, laboratory values, and clinical course. RESULTS: Sixty-one (69%) of the 88 @entity1 were male. The mean age was 28 years. Thirty-four cases (39%) involved coingestion of @entity1068 , and 25 (28%) involved coingestion of another drug, most commonly amphetamines. Twenty-five cases (28%) had a GCS score of 3, and 28 (33%) had scores ranging from 4 through 8. The mean time to regained consciousness from initial presentation among nonintubated @entity1 with an initial GCS of 13 or less was 146 minutes (range, 16-389). Twenty-two @entity1 (31%) had an initial temperature of 35 degrees C or less. Thirty-two (36%) had asymptomatic @entity1168 ; in 29 of these cases, the initial GCS score was 8 or less. Ten @entity1 (11%) presented with @entity551 (systolic blood pressure < or = 90 mm Hg); 6 of these @entity1 also demonstrated concurrent @entity1168 . Arterial blood gases were measured in 30 @entity1 ; 21 had a PCO2 of 45 or greater, with pH ranging from 7.24 to 7.34, consistent with mild @entity12906 . Twenty-six @entity1 (30%) had an episode of @entity391 ; in 22 of these cases, the initial GCS was 8 or less. CONCLUSION: In our study population, @entity1 who overdosed on @entity2933 presented with a markedly decreased level of consciousness. Coingestion of @entity1068 or other drugs is common, as are @entity1168 , @entity2332 , @entity12906 , and @entity391 . @entity551 occurs occasionally. @entity1 typically regain consciousness spontaneously within 5 hours of the ingestion.

title: Clinical course of XXXX @entity1445 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity12906 :: ('MESH:D000142', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory acidosis', 'acute respiratory acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity15221 :: ('MESH:D012978', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-hydroxybutyrate']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity15221 :: (MESH:D012978,Chemical) :: ['gamma-hydroxybutyrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is sparse published information regarding surgical management of females with @entity1408 ( @entity1408 ) or carinatum (PC) deformities. METHODS: During the past 33 years 104 females with @entity1408 , and 21 with PC underwent surgical repair using extensive modifications of the Ravitch technique. Seven had previous right breast implants, 3 had prostheses placed in the @entity1408 . Nine @entity1408 @entity1 underwent successful pregnancy before repair, but had severe third @entity1353 . RESULTS: Very good to excellent results were reported by 96% (mean follow-up, 6 years). Increased endurance, decreased @entity1353 , reduced chest discomfort, and less @entity591 occurred in all within 6 months. No @entity1 had significant breast asymmetry after repair. Complications included mildly @entity2805 (8), transient @entity1143 (3), bar displacement (1), and mild recurrence (3). CONCLUSIONS: Females with symptomatic @entity1408 or PC, can be repaired with low morbidity, mild @entity158 , low cost, and improvement in body image and symptoms. Prostheses are not beneficial in the treatment of physiologic symptoms caused by @entity85 .

title: Management of pectus chest deformities in female XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['dyspnea', 'trimester dyspnea']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2805 :: ('MESH:D017439', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic scar']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['pectus deformities']

entities_list: @entity1408 :: ('MESH:D005660', 'Disease') :: ['PE', 'pectus excavatum', 'PE deformity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Infertility is as an important and common problem in couples necessitating assisted reproductive technology (ART) or drug therapy. Infertility is known as a risk factor for @entity5344 . We aimed on evaluation of the history of @entity249 and previous ART in @entity1 with the above-mentioned @entity5 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: In this retrospective study we evaluated all of the risk factors in @entity1 with @entity0 , @entity43 and @entity1204 who referred to the Gynecological Oncology Clinic in Shahid Sadoughi Hospital in Yazd, Iran from 2002 to 2012. We also investigated the history of @entity249 and ART in these @entity1 before diagnosis of @entity5 . RESULTS: We gathered data from 92 @entity1 with @entity1204 , 84 @entity1 with @entity43 and 113 @entity1 with @entity0 . There was history of @entity249 in 39.1% of @entity1 with @entity1204 who were @entity28 (body mass index, BMI>29) and in 18.8% of @entity1 with @entity1204 and normal body mass index (BMI=25-29). ART had been performed in 7.3% of all @entity1 with @entity1204 . In @entity1 with @entity43 , @entity249 was diagnosed in 28.4% and ART applied in 14.1%. @entity4082 with or without @entity6740 and HMG was the most common drug used for @entity1 with @entity43 . In @entity1 with @entity0 , there was @entity249 in 16.5% and ART performed in 7.3%. CONCLUSION: Although @entity249 was present as an important and fairly common risk factor in some @entity1 with @entity5344 , but some other factors may be more important, including age, BMI and the etiology of @entity249 . Finding the association between ART and gynecological @entity5 needs long cohort studies with follow-up of infertile @entity1 who get the ART or drug therapy for over 15-20 years. We think BMI and age (in addition to @entity249 and ART) are contributing factors for development of gynecological @entity5 .

title: The effect of assisted reproductive technologies on gynecological XXXX : report of our experiences and literature review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['advanced epithelial ovarian cancer', 'ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility', 'primary infertility']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer', 'endometrial cancers']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian, breast and endometrial cancer', 'endometrial, ovarian and breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity4082 :: ('MESH:D002996', 'Chemical') :: ['Clomiphene']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7524 Background: An unmet medical need exists in NSCLC pts after failure of E or G [reversible @entity470 @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKIs)], particularly in pts with @entity9513 @entity470 mutations, the most common mechanism of acquired resistance. @entity12379 (A), an irreversible @entity470 family blocker, has preclinical activity against @entity9513 . A was tested in this phase II study in pts enriched for acquired resistance to E or G. METHODS: Pts in Japan with Stage IIIB/IV NSCLC (ECOG PS 0-1) who had progressed according to RECIST after 1-2 lines of chemotherapy and >= 12 wks of E or G received 50 mg A orally qd. The primary endpoint was objective @entity5 response. RESULTS: Of 62 pts (F:48; M:14), 11.3%, 79% and 9.7% had received prior @entity3866 , @entity4562 or both, respectively. 65% of pts had achieved a prior response with E/G. Median duration between end of prior treatment with E/G and the start of A was 3 wks. 73% of pts were @entity470 mutation-positive in their primary @entity5 . 82% of pts met the definition of acquired resistance to E/G by (1) @entity470 mutation positive or (2) CR/PR to E/G or (3) SD for at least 6 months to E/G and (4) less than 4 wks off E/G. By investigator assessment, 13% of pts treated with A had a PR and the disease control rate (DCR >8 wks) was 72%; these values were 8.2% and 67%, respectively, by independent review. Median PFS was 4.6 months. Similar efficacy was seen in those pts meeting acquired resistance criteria (5.9% PR; 69% DCR; median PFS of 4.4 months, by independent review). Two pts had @entity9513 mutations in their primary @entity5 ; one, harbouring @entity9512 + @entity9513 , had a long SD (308 days). At data cut-off, the 25th percentile of @entity3012 was 10.6 months. Common adverse events included @entity294 , @entity1910 /acne, @entity3136 , nail effects and decreased appetite. CONCLUSIONS: Pts in this study largely meet criteria for acquired resistance to first generation @entity470 TKIs in NSCLC. @entity12379 has demonstrated clinically meaningful efficacy (including 69% DCR >8 wks and 4.4 month median PFS) in these pts.

title: A phase II trial of @entity12379 ( @entity12379 ) in patients (pts) with advanced non-small cell lung cancer previously treated with @entity3866 (E) or XXXX (G).

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity4562 :: (MESH:C419708,Chemical) :: ['gefitinib']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The association between @entity1082 ) types and @entity75 has been shown in many studies. Considering the significance that HPV has in the development of malignant and potentially malignant disorders of the oral mucosa, the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV DNA in different @entity75 . In addition, we wanted to elucidate whether the @entity1083 is associated predominantly with either the lesion or a particular anatomic site of the oral cavity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The study included 246 subjects with different @entity75 , and 73 subjects with apparently healthy oral mucosa (controls). The @entity75 were classified according to their surface morphology and clinical diagnosis. The epithelial cells were collected with a cytobrush from different topographic sites in the oral cavity of the @entity75 and controls. The presence of HPV DNA was evaluated by consensus and type-specific primer-directed polymerase chain reaction. The HPV positivity was detected in 17.7% of @entity75 , significantly more than in apparently healthy mucosa (6.8%), with a higher presence in benign @entity3137 (18.6%). High-risk HPV types were predominantly found in potentially @entity5 ( @entity1799 in 4.3% and HPV31 in 3.4%), while benign proliferative lesions as well as healthy oral mucosa contained mainly undetermined HPV type (13.6 and 6.8%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The distribution of positive HPV findings on the oral mucosa seems to be more associated with a particular anatomical site than the diagnosis itself. Samples taken from the vermilion border, labial commissures, and hard palate were most often HPV positive. Thus, topography plays a role in HPV prevalence findings in @entity75 . Because of the higher prevalence of the high-risk HPV types in potentially @entity5 , these lesions need to be continuously controlled and treated.

title: XXXX in the lesions of the oral mucosa according to topography.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['oral lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant oral disorders']

entities_list: @entity1083 :: ('MESH:D030361', 'Disease') :: ['HPV infection']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative mucosal lesions']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['Human papillomavirus']


abstract: Eighteen @entity1 with @entity5487 were investigated concerning visually induced @entity1319 . All results were analysed quantitatively using a computer. In 16 out of 18 @entity1 , OKN slow-phase velocities were impaired, in the remaining 2 @entity1 they were normal. @entity1 who showed impaired OKN were classified into two groups according to directional asymmetry of OKN impairment. In 7 out of the 16 @entity1 , slow-phases toward the lesion side were predominantly impaired in contrast to the slow-phases toward the intact side (group A). In the remaining 9 @entity1 , slow-phases toward the intact side were predominantly impaired (group B). The smooth pursuit showed the same asymmetry as the OKN slow-phase, except, in 4 @entity1 who showed normal smooth pursuit. All @entity1 showed reduced visual suppression of caloric nystagmus during the slow-phase of nystagmus toward the lesion side, except 3 @entity1 who showed normal visual suppression in both directions. CT scan failed to detect either the brainstem or the @entity76 in any cases, but MRI performed on the most recent cases demonstrated the @entity1188 clearly. These findings suggest that @entity1188 are localized in the medulla in the @entity1 of group A, but extend to the cerebellum as well as to the medulla in @entity1 of group B.

title: Visually induced XXXX in @entity5487 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions']

entities_list: @entity76 :: ('MESH:D002526', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar lesions']

entities_list: @entity5487 :: ('MESH:D014854', 'Disease') :: ["Wallenberg's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1319 :: ('MESH:D015835', 'Disease') :: ['eye movements']

answer: @entity1319 :: (MESH:D015835,Disease) :: ['eye movements']


abstract: Most @entity1 with localized @entity6223 (LJP) manifest serum IgG antibodies specifically reactive with antigens of @entity3841 serotype b (Aa-b). Whether these antibodies are protective, destructive, or irrelevant to the progress of the disease remains unclear. We report results of studies aimed at assessing the subclass IgG responses in 35 LJP @entity1 and 35 periodontally normal control subjects using well-characterized monoclonal antibody subclass reagents in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our data show that the mean value for total IgG reactive with antigens of Aa-b was more than sevenfold higher for @entity1 than for normal control sera (2349.6 micrograms/ml for @entity1 vs 332.2 micrograms/ml for controls). Individual @entity1 and control subjects were classified as high- or low-titer, using twice the median value for total anti-Aa-b IgG in control sera as the cutoff. Of 35 @entity1 , 26 (74%) were high-titer, and 9 (26%) were low-titer. This compares to 5 normal control subjects (14%) high-titer and 30 (86%) low-titer. IgG2 accounted for the major quantitative response in both @entity1 and control subjects. Indeed, the mean IgG2 values for both concentration and percentage of total specific IgG were greater than the combined values for specific anti-Aa-b IgG1, @entity3172 , and IgG4. Of the 26 high-titer sera, IgG2 predominated in 24, with IgG1 and @entity3172 predominating in 1 each; IgG2 predominated in only 2 of the low-titer sera.

title: Titer and subclass distribution of serum IgG antibody reactive with @entity3841 in localized XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6223 :: ('MESH:D010520', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity3841 :: ('714', 'Species') :: ['Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans']

answer: @entity6223 :: (MESH:D010520,Disease) :: ['juvenile periodontitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the frequency of @entity1729 ( @entity1729 ) over a three month period and possible risk factors in the social surroundings, daily routines and health history. DESIGN: A retrospective epidemiological survey by means of questionnaires. SETTING: Gardabaer, a small town, ten km south of Reykjav  k, Iceland. @entity1 : All @entity1 in Gardabaer, six months to six years old (n = 555). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Number of @entity1729 and possible risk factors. RESULTS: The response rate was 81.8%. The most common @entity281 were common cold (n = 345), @entity697 media (n = 82), sore throat (n = 75), and @entity3617 (n = 13). The mean frequency of @entity1729 during the previous three months was 2.2 in @entity1 and 1.7 in @entity1 (p < 0.01). Log-linear regression analysis showed that the predicted number of @entity1729 was 1.9 higher if the @entity1 was attending day care, and that the number of @entity1729 increased by 1.015 with each month until the age of 24 months, but decreased after that by 0.985. CONCLUSIONS: The major factors which affect the frequency of @entity1729 are: age, sex, family history of frequent @entity1729 , @entity565 , @entity566 , and the form of day care. Measures to reduce @entity1729 could involve prospective intervention studies on the form of day care.

title: Upper airway @entity281 in preschool XXXX --frequency and risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['child', 'children', 'girls', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['upper respiratory tract infections', 'URTI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aims of the study are 1) to assess antiarrhythmic prophylaxis efficacy dur-ing the first 2 months after radiofrequency ablation (ARF) due to AF; 2) to define risk factors for early AF recurrence (EAFR) after ARF; 3) to determine the long-term follow-up results and risk factors for late AF recurrence (LAFR). METHODS: A total number of 210 consecutive @entity1 who had undergone ARF due to AF were analyzed. @entity1 were randomized into three groups: Group 1 (G1), without any anti-arrhythmic drug (AAD); Group 2 (G2), with @entity2643 or @entity2778 ; Group 3 (G3), with last ineffective AAD. The study was designed to analyze two periods: short-term observation, the first 2 months after ARF; and at least 2 years of long-term follow-up. RESULTS: After 2 months, clinical data were collected from 171 @entity1 (123 males, mean age of 50.3 years; persistent AF in 19.8%; lone AF in 36.6%). Sinus rhythm (SR) was maintained in 84 (49.1%) @entity1 ; 35 (20.4%) @entity1 presented with a single episode of AF, 39 (23%) @entity1 experienced a reduction in number of AF episodes, and 13 (7.5%) @entity1 showed no improvement. No predisposing factor for early recurrence was found. After a mean follow-up of 55 months, clinical data were collected in 137 @entity1 , of which 47 (34%) maintained SR. Those more likely to sustain SR were: males (82.9% vs. 62.2%; p = 0.018), younger @entity1 (44.8    12.7 vs. 52.5    9.9; p = 0.0001), @entity1 with smaller left atrium diameter (4.05       0.49 cm vs. 4.25    0.51 cm; p = 0.04), and those without any AF recurrence during the first 2 months after ARF (78.7% vs. 35.6%; p < 0.0001). In the multivariable analysis, the inde-pendent risk factors for LAFR were @entity101 (p < 0.001) and persistent AF (p = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Antiarrhythmic prophylaxis does not affect the number of AF recurrences during the first 2 months after ablation. SR maintenance during a blanking period after AF ablation is a positive prognostic factor in long-term follow-up. Persistent AF and @entity101 are independent risk factors for late AF recurrence after @entity358 .

title: Does a blanking period after XXXX impact long-term results? Results after 55 months of follow-up.

entities_list: @entity2643 :: ('MESH:D000638', 'Chemical') :: ['amiodarone']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary vein isolation']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['pulmonary vein isolation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity2858 p6 @entity5024 protein regulates the final abscission step of nascent virions from the cell membrane by the action of two late assembly (L-) domains. Although p6 is located within one of the most polymorphic regions of the @entity2858 @entity5024 gene, the 52 @entity535 peptide binds at least to two cellular budding factors (Tsg101 and ALIX), is a substrate for phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and sumoylation, and mediates the incorporation of the @entity2858 accessory protein Vpr into viral particles. As expected, known functional domains mostly overlap with several conserved residues in p6. In this study, we investigated the importance of the highly conserved @entity563 residue at position 40, which until now has not been assigned to any known function of p6. RESULTS: Consistently with previous data, we found that mutation of Ser-40 has no effect on ALIX mediated rescue of @entity2858 L-domain mutants. However, the only feasible @entity59399 mutation that preserves the overlapping pol open reading frame (ORF) reduces virus replication in T-cell lines and in @entity1 lymphocyte tissue cultivated ex vivo. Most intriguingly, L-domain mediated virus release is not dependent on the integrity of Ser-40. However, the @entity59399 mutation significantly reduces the specific infectivity of released virions. Further, it was observed that mutation of Ser-40 selectively interferes with the cleavage between capsid (CA) and the spacer peptide @entity3419 in @entity5024 , without affecting cleavage of other @entity5024 products. This deficiency in processing of CA, in consequence, led to an irregular morphology of the virus core and the formation of an electron dense extra core structure. Moreover, the defects induced by the @entity59399 mutation in p6 can be rescued by the @entity59400 mutation in @entity3419 that generally enhances processing of the CA- @entity3419 cleavage site. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, these data support a so far unrecognized function of p6 mediated by Ser-40 that occurs independently of the L-domain function, but selectively affects CA maturation and virus core formation, and consequently the infectivity of released virions.

title: Highly conserved @entity563 residue 40 in XXXX p6 regulates capsid processing and virus core assembly.

entities_list: @entity59399 :: ('p|SUB|S|40|F', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S40F']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity59400 :: ('p|SUB|A|1|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['A1V']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Human serum albumin (HSA) is the most abundant protein in the @entity1 plasma. HSA has several physiological roles in the @entity1 body, including storage and transport. Owing to the predominance of albumin in plasma, HSA is often involved in the protein binding of drugs. The aim of this work was to develop a selective, quantitative method for determining albumin in plasma with the purpose of clarifying the fate of metal-based drugs in biological systems. The method can also be applied for determination of urine albumin, which is of relevance in diagnostics of @entity8 . A selective method for quantification of HSA based on labelling the protein with @entity59413 ( @entity9348 ) was developed. Samples were subjected to size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and detection by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP- @entity15 ) monitoring @entity1496 and @entity902 . The @entity1496 signal for the HSA- @entity9348 complex showed linearity in the range 1 to 250  mg  L(-1). The precision was 3.7  % and the accuracy 100.7  % determined by analysis of a certified HSA reference material. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.23 and 9.79  mg  L(-1), respectively. The method was applied for analysis of HSA in @entity1 plasma and urine samples and for studying the binding of @entity900 to proteins in the @entity1 plasma.

title: Selective analysis of human serum albumin based on SEC-ICP- @entity15 after labelling with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity59413 :: ('MESH:C008160', 'Chemical') :: ['iophenoxic acid']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

answer: @entity59413 :: (MESH:C008160,Chemical) :: ['iophenoxic acid']


abstract: Much recent evidence suggests that the medial prefrontal cortex (PFCm) participates in the development and/or expression of learned, primary bradycardiac adjustments in @entity95 . Accordingly, the present experiments were undertaken to determine whether single-unit activity in the precentral agranular and anterior cingulate regions of the PFCm is systematically affected by differential aversive Pavlovian conditioning and, if so, whether such activity is correlated with concomitant heart rate (HR) variables. In these studies, extracellular recordings were made during a training procedure that involved two distinctive, tone conditioned stimuli (CSs); one of these (CS+) was often paired with @entity735 (unconditioned stimulus, US), whereas the other (CS-) was never so paired. Of the 100 spontaneously-active cells whose activity was so evaluated, 74 were found to be tone-responsive and could be classified as belonging to one of 5 subpopulations on the basis of their specific patterns of evoked changes in discharge; additional data suggested that these cells were also generally responsive to the @entity735 US. Regarding the effects of training, the vast majority of cells in these subpopulations showed greater evoked activity changes on CS+, as opposed to CS-, trials, irrespective of the sign (i.e. increase and/or decrease) of their responses. This finding was not confounded by differences in baseline activity preceding CS+ vs CS- trials, which was generally characterized as being both irregular and unrelated to concomitant HR variables; nor could it be attributed to unconditioned responses biases. Thus, the discriminative activity patterns of these cells appeared to reflect the differential Pavlovian contingencies in effect. Moreover, approximately half of these cells exhibited tone-evoked activity changes that were reliably correlated with concomitant HR changes on a trial-by-trial basis. Consequently, the present data indicate that training-induced changes in the CS-evoked activity of PFCm cells are significantly related to aversively conditioned @entity1168 in @entity95 .

title: Single-unit activity in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex during the expression of discriminative XXXX in @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity1168 :: (MESH:D001919,Disease) :: ['bradycardia']


abstract: Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is a novel treatment for recurrent or in-transit unresectable @entity320 metastases based on the administration of anti-neoplastic drugs followed by @entity5 cell electroporation. Whether ECT can also induce anti- @entity5 immunity is unclear. We addressed this issue investigating the presence of dendritic cells (DCs) in the inflammatory infiltrate of ECT-treated lesions. Biopsies from @entity320 @entity1 (n = 9) were taken before ECT (T0), at d7 and d14 after treatment and studied by immunofluorescence with DCs-related antibodies. Epidermal @entity9184 (+) Langerhans cells (LCs) were the most represented subset before treatment. ECT induced a significant reduction in epidermal LCs number at d7 (p < 0.001), while they were completely replaced at d14. Similarly, the few LCs observed intermingled with metastatic @entity320 cells at T0 decreased after treatment (p < 0.001), suggesting an ECT-induced activation of LCs. Consistently, at d1 after ECT (n = 3 @entity1 ), LCs were found to express @entity9350 , which mediates LCs migration to regional lymph nodes, and @entity8730 , the typical DCs maturation marker. In contrast, plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) were not present at T0, but significantly increased after ECT both in @entity320 (p < 0.001) and perilesionally (p < 0.05). Similarly, @entity4897 (+) dermal DCs (dDCs), observed in low number before ECT, strongly increased at d7 and even more at d14 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.001, respectively). Notably, some dDCs expressed @entity8730 . These data suggest that ECT promotes LCs migration from the @entity5 to draining lymph nodes and pDCs and dDCs recruitment at the site of the lesion. These findings may help to design new strategies of in situ DCs vaccination in @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Dendritic cells recruitment in XXXX treated by electrochemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'melanoma metastasis']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma metastasis']


abstract: Twenty-one @entity1 with advanced, measurable, @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) were administered recombinant interferon alfa-2a (rIFN-alpha 2a) (Roferon-A; Roche Laboratories, Nutley, NJ) intramuscularly beginning at 3 x 10(6) units and escalating to 36 x 10(6) units, 5 d/wk for a total induction period of 14 weeks. rIFN-alpha 2a antibody production was measured using an enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Those sera found to be positive for presence of antibody by the EIA were tested for the presence of neutralizing antibodies (NA) by an antiviral neutralization bioassay (ANB). All @entity1 were evaluable for @entity137 , and 19 were evaluable for response and for incidence of antibody formation. Five @entity1 (26%; 95% confidence interval, 6% to 46%) had complete responses (CR) or partial responses (PR) with a median duration of 283 days. An additional ten @entity1 (53%) had minor @entity5 regressions with a median duration of 86 days. Fifty-one percent of evaluable @entity1 are alive at 18.6 months. Antibodies to rIFN-alpha 2a as measured by the EIA, were detected in 12 (63%) @entity1 . NA were measured in the serum of six (50%) of those EIA-positive @entity1 . Overall, six of 19 @entity1 (32%) developed NA. Median time to the development of antibody as measured by EIA or NA was 8 and 14 weeks, respectively. Median NA titer was 1,200 IFN neutralizing U/mL. NA-positive and -negative @entity1 had a median duration of response of 13.7 v 9.9 months, and survival of greater than 21.3 v 18.3 months, respectively. Clinical @entity137 was mild and not therapeutically limiting. Autoantibody production (ANA, rheumatoid factor [RF], Coombs' direct/indirect) occurred in both NA-positive and -negative @entity1 . The clinical significance of the antibodies to rIFN-alpha 2a and the associated autoantibody formation remain unclear; however, presence of antibody was not associated with adverse clinical sequelae.

title: Recombinant interferon alfa-2a in metastatic XXXX : assessment of antitumor activity and anti-interferon antibody formation.

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: @entity2072 has been a popular illicit drug among drug-using pregnant @entity1 over the last three decades. Prenatal @entity2072 exposure (PCE) has significant effects on @entity1 's development throughout early childhood. Very few @entity1 studies, however, report the effects of PCE on adolescent or early-adult development. As knowledge about early childhood effects in @entity1 @entity1 was informed by animal studies, this review considers the effects of PCE on behavioral outcomes in adolescent and young adult animals and provides potential guidance for research in @entity1 @entity1 . Animal models prenatally exposed to @entity2072 manifest @entity51 , decreased social interaction, and @entity146 during competition in adolescence and young adulthood. Altered behavioral adaptation after stress exposure, including hormonal response change, is also evident. @entity71 are reported in adult offspring with PCE, not only in a novel environment, but also in a final task session, indicating effects of @entity11240 on transition and maintenance of attention. Animal studies support that PCE effects may extend beyond early childhood and continue to adolescence and adulthood. Additionally, some studies highlight that behavioral changes in offspring with PCE born without teratogenesis remain latent and reveal themselves during adulthood when animals are under stress conditions. Based on the evidence from animal models, well-designed @entity1 studies are needed to elucidate the effects of PCE on older @entity1 @entity1 . Research models that combine behavioral measures with stressful challenges may hold potential in discerning a longer term influence of PCE.

title: Biobehavioral outcomes in adolescents and young adults prenatally exposed to XXXX : evidence from animal models.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'human']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['increased aggression']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['Attention deficits']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['play deficits']

entities_list: @entity2072 :: ('MESH:D003042', 'Chemical') :: ['Cocaine', 'cocaine']

answer: @entity2072 :: (MESH:D003042,Chemical) :: ['cocaine']


abstract: Single doses of @entity2082 (30 micrograms) were given alone and in combination with either @entity2081 (75 micrograms) or desogestrel (150 micrograms) to 10 healthy female volunteers. The doses of @entity230 were given both orally and by i.v. infusion over 5-7 minutes. Blood samples were taken at regular intervals over 24 hours. The area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC) for oral @entity7869 alone was 867 +/- 338 pg/ml x h, for oral @entity7869 in the presence of @entity2081 it was 795 +/- 206 pg/ml x h and for oral @entity7869 in the presence of desogestrel it was 614 +/- 132 pg/ml x h. With either @entity2081 or desogestrel present, the AUC of @entity7869 was not significantly different from that found when @entity7869 was given alone. In addition, there was no significant difference between @entity7869 + @entity2081 and @entity7869 + desogestrel. Comparing the relative oral and iv doses, the bioavailability of @entity7869 (alone) was 59.0 +/- 13% (n = 6), for @entity7869 plus @entity2081 it was 62.1 +/- 10% and for @entity7869 in the presence of desogestrel it was 62.1 +/- 4.4%. The clearance of @entity7869 (alone) was 19.9 +/- 5.5 l/h and in the presence of @entity2081 it was 19.4 +/- 9.6 l/h. The clearance of @entity7869 in the presence of desogestrel appeared slightly greater at 27.7 +/- 8.9 l/h but none of these clearance values were significantly different from each other. The urinary excretion of @entity58668 was similar after all 6 doses of @entity7869 . These data strongly suggest that following single dose administration, neither @entity2081 nor desogestrel have any inhibitory effect on the metabolism of @entity7869 or alter its kinetics to any clinically significant extent.

title: The pharmacokinetics of XXXX in the presence and absence of @entity2081 and desogestrel.

entities_list: @entity2081 :: ('MESH:C033273', 'Chemical') :: ['gestodene']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethynylestradiol']

entities_list: @entity58668 :: ('MESH:C001380', 'Chemical') :: ['6-beta-hydroxy cortisol']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity2082 :: (MESH:D004997,Chemical) :: ['ethynylestradiol']


abstract: The duckweeds (DW) are considered as a major problem in tropical aquatic system as they grow very fast and produce enormous rich-biomass, which can be harvested for renewable energy operations. But complex lignocellulosic compounds limit their utility in process like anaerobic digestion. This batch study aimed to analyse characteristics (proximate, ultimate and physico-chemical) and possible utility of DW for anaerobic co-digestion with @entity5653 ( @entity5653 ) under mesophilic conditions for 35  d. Two sets of experiment were tested: substrate with and without thermal pre-treatment. Five combinations of DW: @entity5653 (70:20, 60:20, 50:20, 40:20 and 30:20%) were established and biomethanation along with changes in pH, volatile solids (VS), volatile @entity1718 (VFAs), and soluble chemical @entity26 demand (sCOD) of digestate were recorded. The total @entity578 yield (mL @entity578 g(-1) VS) ranged between 60 and 468 for pre-treated, and 9 and 76 for non-pre-treated. The maximum @entity578 yield was 468  mL CH4g(-1) VS in DW: @entity5653 (50:20). Thermally treated setups, showed about 13-, 24.1-, 21.1-, 1.4-, and 2.3-fold higher @entity578 than non-treated setups. The treated mixtures showed high reduction of SCOD (>41-96) and VS (>59-98%) in co-digesters. The high degree of Gompertz curve fitting (R(2)  >  0.99) has suggested pre-treatment of substrate for optimal outputs of co-digester. Based on results obtained, it is suggested that DW (50-60% in digester) can be used as renewable energy resource for biomethanation process after thermal pre-treatment.

title: Effect of thermal pre-treatment on co-digestion of duckweed (Lemna gibba) and XXXX on biogas production.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity5653 :: ('MESH:D019282', 'Disease') :: ['waste activated sludge', 'WAS']

answer: @entity5653 :: (MESH:D019282,Disease) :: ['waste activated sludge']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent clinical and experimental data suggest that @entity251 may protect males against the deleterious effects of repolarization-prolonging drugs. This study tests the hypothesis that @entity586 ( @entity587 ) protects normal females against drug-induced excessive prolongation of repolarization. METHODS AND RESULTS: We used microelectrode techniques to study isolated preparations of @entity95 ventricular endocardium from age-matched normal control female @entity95 and female @entity95 treated with @entity587 for 4 weeks. Serum 17beta- @entity53 levels were identical in the control and @entity587 -treated animals, whereas @entity587 levels were high (equaling those in normal males) only in the @entity587 -treated animals. Basal action potential duration to 90% repolarization (APD90) was significantly shorter in @entity587 -treated (155+/-7.4 ms, n=32) than control females (178+/-6.7 ms, n=29; P<0.05) at cycle length=1000 ms. The increase in APD90 induced by 10(-8) mol/L @entity2781 at cycle length=1000 ms was significantly less in @entity587 -treated females than normal females (DeltaAPD90=8+/-7 and 29+/-5 ms, respectively, P<0.05). At 10(-6) mol/L @entity2781 , the incidence of early afterdepolarizations was 28% in @entity587 -treated and 55% in normal female @entity95 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Elevating @entity587 levels diminishes the effects of @entity2781 to increase APD and induce early afterdepolarizations in females. Moreover, treatment of females with @entity587 results in prolongation of APD and an incidence of early afterdepolarization equal to values previously reported by us for @entity2781 -treated normal males. That serum levels of @entity53 were the same in @entity587 -treated and untreated females suggests that @entity53 is not involved in the response to @entity2781 . Thus, these data suggest that @entity587 and perhaps other androgenic hormones may protect normal females against the risk of @entity2781 -induced @entity943 .

title: @entity251 diminishes the proarrhythmic effects of XXXX in normal female @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity2781 :: ('MESH:C063533', 'Chemical') :: ['dofetilide']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['5alpha-dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['17beta-estradiol', 'estradiol']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity2781 :: (MESH:C063533,Chemical) :: ['dofetilide']


abstract: Treatment of @entity3969 ( @entity3969 ) has presently achieved a 90% survival rate. Stage and grade are considered the most reliable prognostic parameters, but other biological factors are under study in order to improve @entity1 stratification. @entity3141 (DNA) ploidy has been suggested to be useful in this setting. We retrospectively studied 79 @entity1 with @entity3969 (58 pretreated with chemotherapy and 21 not pretreated) by means of flow cytometry. DNA content and synthetic phase values were correlated with pathologic features and outcome. DNA modifications induced by chemotherapy were investigated. Sixty-nine @entity5 were diploid and 10 aneuploid. DNA content did not correlate with clinical course and was not modified by pretreatment. @entity5 were restricted to lower stages. Mean S-phase rate was lower and did not vary according to histology in @entity5 , while it was higher and increased with grade (p = 0.007) in previously untreated @entity5 . The fraction of cells in synthetic activity was related to outcome: @entity1 whose @entity5 displayed higher S-phase rates had a more favorable clinical course. Ploidy did not appear to be of prognostic significance. S-phase rate decreased after chemotherapy (p = 0.0002) and was related to survival. The worse outcome of pretreated @entity1 might be attributed to a minor sensitivity to postoperative treatment: Preoperative chemotherapy would decrease the cell proliferation and might select resistant cellular clones of (possible) neoplastic residues.

title: XXXX . DNA characteristics and their modifications induced by prenephrectomy chemotherapy: a cytofluorimetric study.

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ["Wilms' tumor", 'nephroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3141 :: ('CHEBI:16991', 'Chemical') :: ['Deoxyribonucleic acid']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pretreated tumors', 'Aneuploid tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity3969 :: (MESH:D009396,Disease) :: ['Nephroblastoma']


abstract: We report a 37-year-old pregnant @entity1 with @entity7965 ( @entity7965 ) treated with eculizumab. She had been diagnosed with @entity2150 at age 19 years, and started to receive eculizumab at age 35 years. Thereafter, she had no hemolytic attacks. She became pregnant 2 years later, and treatment with eculizumab was continued. During her pregnancy, she showed no exacerbation of @entity2142 . She delivered a @entity1 by Caesarean section at 37 weeks and 3 days of gestation. Postpartum, anticoagulant therapy was started. Although mild @entity2142 and a rise in FDP/Ddimer were seen, she had no symptoms of @entity715 . Ten days after delivery, she and her baby were discharged. Eculizumab was present in the first breast milk and cord blood but was below detectable levels. The cord blood showed blockage of @entity2142 .

title: Pregnancy and delivery in a @entity7965 XXXX treated with eculizumab.

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['PNH-aplastic anemia']

entities_list: @entity7965 :: ('MESH:D006457', 'Disease') :: ['paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria', 'PNH']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity1 with severe @entity472 who are at high risk for open-heart surgery might be candidates for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). To our knowledge, this is the first report of Streptococcus viridans @entity884 that caused prosthetic @entity340 after TAVR. A 77-year-old @entity1 who had undergone TAVR 17 months earlier was admitted because of evidence of @entity340 . A transthoracic echocardiogram revealed a substantial increase in the transvalvular peak gradient and mean gradient in comparison with an echocardiogram of 7 months earlier. A transesophageal echocardiogram showed a 1.5-cm vegetation obstructing the valve. Blood cultures yielded @entity114 -sensitive S. viridans. The @entity1 was hemodynamically stable and was initially treated with @entity2176 because of his previous @entity114 @entity566 . Subsequent therapy with @entity5553 , oral @entity114 (after a negative @entity114 skin test), and intravenous @entity114 eliminated the symptoms of the @entity281 . Transcatheter aortic valve replacement is a relatively new procedure, and sequelae are still being discovered. We recommend that physicians consider obstructive @entity884 as one of these.

title: @entity340 with XXXX after transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['prosthetic valve endocarditis', 'valve obstruction']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity5553 :: ('D064704', 'Chemical') :: ['levofloxacin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['valvular obstruction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Iron binding, naturally occurring protein @entity291 @entity15790 (bLf) has attracted attention as a safe anti- @entity5 agent capable of inducing apoptosis. Naturally, bLf exists partially saturated (15-20%) with Fe(3+) however, it has been demonstrated that manipulating the saturation state can enhance bLf's anti- @entity5 activities. METHODS: Apo-bLf (Fe(3+) free) and Fe-bLf (>90% Fe(3+) Saturated) were therefore, tested in MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 @entity1 @entity0 cells in terms of @entity137 , proliferation, migration and invasion. @entity4404 Fluos staining was also employed in addition to apoptotic protein arrays and Western blotting to determine the specific mechanism of bLf-induced apoptosis with a key focus on @entity876 and inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP), specifically survivin. RESULTS: Apo-bLf induced significantly greater @entity137 and reduction in cell proliferation in both @entity5 cells showing a time and dose dependent effect. Importantly, no @entity137 was detected in normal @entity1 cells. Both forms of bLf significantly reduced cell invasion in @entity5 cells. Key apoptotic molecules including @entity876 , @entity588 family proteins, IAP members and their inhibitors were significantly modulated by both forms of bLf, though differentially in each cell line. Most interestingly, both Apo-bLf and Fe-bLf completely inhibited the expression of survivin protein (key IAP), after 48  h at 30 and 40 nM in @entity5 cells. CONCLUSIONS: The capacity of these forms of bLf to target survivin expression and modulation of apoptosis demonstrates an exciting potential for bLf as an anti- @entity5 therapeutic in the existing void of survivin inhibitors, with a lack of successful inhibitors in the clinical management of @entity5 .

title: Iron-free and iron-saturated @entity291 @entity15790 inhibit survivin expression and differentially modulate apoptosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Gunshot wounds of the lower extremities are always serious injuries, especially in cases in which bone is affected. Contamination and extensive tissue damage can be life-threatening for the @entity1 and severely affect the function of the extremity. Contamination and @entity281 with multidrug resistant pathogens are regularly encountered particularly in casualties evacuated from crisis regions. Treatment of this special @entity130 , which differs in the form and extent from conventional high-energy @entity130 of the lower extremities, usually requires lengthy and extensive therapy algorithms in order to preserve the affected extremity. @entity1 AND METHODS: Based on the results of 34 gunshot wounds of the lower extremities which were surgically treated in this department between 2005 and 2011, this article reports on procedures used for wound management, soft tissue reconstruction and restoration of bone continuity. This group included 18 @entity1 with a total of 20 gunshot-related @entity174 , 40   % of which affected the lower leg and 35   % the thigh. The affected extremities could be salvaged in all cases. RESULTS: The therapeutic spectrum required for bone reconstruction after soft tissue coverage demonstrated in these case examples ranged from conventional osteosynthesis with or without local cancellous bone transplant with platelet-rich plasma, to healing in a fixator, bone resection and the Masquelet method, distraction osteogenesis using a fixator in order to restore continuity and definitive secondary extension using an intramedullary skeletal kinetic distractor (ISKD) nail. Out of 15 bullet @entity174 affecting large tubular bones 8 could be healed without any @entity3207 , axis deviation or @entity1518 . In 7 cases definitive @entity3207 by an average of 20  mm (minimum 10  mm and maximum 40  mm) was necessary. The average treatment time before full weight-bearing was achieved within tolerable @entity158 limits was 66 weeks (minimum 4 weeks and maximum 267 weeks). @entity4421 and @entity4034 following primary restoration was detected in only one case. CONCLUSION: These results show that the treatment of gunshot wounds of the lower extremities is time-consuming and extensive and requires the complete spectrum of modern @entity130 surgery. Despite the high risk of complications during treatment it is possible and feasible to apply procedures that preserve the extremities.

title: [Treatment of gunshot XXXX of the lower extremity : Part 2: Procedures for secondary reconstruction and treatment results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['local infections']

entities_list: @entity1518 :: ('MESH:C562835', 'Disease') :: ['malrotation']

entities_list: @entity4421 :: ('MESH:D010000', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary osteitis']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['type of injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Ankle brachial index (ABI) is thought to be an efficient means of objectively assessing the potency of lower extremity arterial system. This study is aimed to evaluate the relationship between ABI and @entity65 CVD mortality in Chinese male @entity1 with @entity209 ( @entity209 ). METHODS: 1224 Chinese male @entity1 with @entity209 were selected from Beijing and Shanghai and the baseline examinations were carried out. All the @entity1 were divided into 2 main groups: ABI < or = 0.9 (n = 268) and ABI 0.9 - 1.4 (n = 956). and they were followed up for (13.2 +/- 2.7) months. RESULTS: As to baseline characteristics, age, systolic blood pressure (SBP), @entity101 and @entity6 morbidity and smoking history had significant difference between the 2 groups (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01). All-cause mortality and CVD mortality decreased gradually while the ABI increased from 0.4 to 1.4. With Cox regression analysis, relative ratio (RR) value of all-cause mortality and CVD mortality also showed the decreasing trend with the rising of ABI. CONCLUSION: In Chinese male @entity1 with @entity209 , ABI is one of the most important parameters in indicating possible prognosis and foreseeing all-cause and CVD mortality. Male subjects with relatively old age, higher systolic blood pressure, @entity101 and @entity6 morbidity, smoking history may be associated with lower ABI (< or = 0.9) and relatively higher all-cause and CVD mortality. Our results suggest the urgent need for frequent measurement of the ABI in clinical practice before diagnosing peripheral @entity455 and making therapeutic decision, especially in some high-risk population such as male @entity1 with @entity209 .

title: [The relationship between ankle brachial index and all-cause and XXXX mortality in Chinese @entity209 male cohort].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular disease']


abstract: The principal component of the body wall of the sea @entity9688 Cucumaria frondosa is a dermis consisting of collagen fibrils, microfibrils, proteoglycans and other soluble and insoluble components. A major structural constituent of the dermis is a network of 10_14 nm diameter microfibrils, which surrounds and penetrates bundles of collagen fibrils. This network has been extracted and purified using @entity2097 and bacterial collagenase. Tensile testing of the microfibrillar network in artificial sea water demonstrates that it is reversibly extensible up to approximately 300 % of its initial length. It behaves like a viscoelastic solid, having a long-range elastic component as well as a time-dependent viscous component. Reduction and alkylation of the @entity462 residues in the network do not change its breaking strain or strength, but greatly increase the compliance of the network until, near the breaking strain, the tensile resistance rapidly increases. These data suggest that the strength of the network is due to non-reducible crosslinks, while its elasticity is dependent upon @entity1520 bonds. In deionized water, the network becomes swollen and, although it remains elastic, is much more compliant than when tested in artificial sea water. Examination of whole tissues and purified networks with the electron microscope reveals structures similar to vertebrate fibrillin-containing microfibrils. Considering that the dermis of @entity50792 is a mechanically mutable tissue in which elongation is accompanied by the sliding of collagen fibrils past one another, the microfibrillar network may act to maintain the orientation of fibrillar components during movement and may also provide a long-range restoring force.

title: Morphology and biomechanics of the microfibrillar network of sea XXXX dermis

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity2097 :: ('MESH:D019791', 'Chemical') :: ['guanidine']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

answer: @entity9688 :: (3659,Species) :: ['cucumber']