abstract: The @entity5 milieu can influence dendritic cell (DC) differentiation. We analyzed DC differentiation in a 3-dimensional @entity5 model and propose a new mechanism of DC modulation by the @entity5 environment. Monocytes were cultured in the presence of @entity3646 and @entity2841 within multicellular @entity5 spheroids (MCTSs) generated from different @entity5 cell lines. Monocytes invaded the MCTSs and differentiated into @entity5 -associated dendritic cells (TADCs). The antigen expression was altered on TADCs independent of the culture conditions (immature/mature DCs, Langerhans cells) and IL-12 secretion was reduced. Supernatants of MCTSs could partially transfer the suppressive effect. Conditioned media from @entity189 cell lines contained high levels of @entity6824 and @entity650 , both cytokines known to modulate DC differentiation. In contrast, @entity263 MCTS cocultures produced little @entity6824 and @entity650 , but high levels of @entity880 . Indeed, addition of @entity880 during DC differentiation in vitro induced a phenotype comparable with TADCs generated within @entity263 MCTSs. Blocking of @entity880 production in @entity320 MCTS cocultures reverted the TADC phenotype to normal. We therefore conclude that @entity5 -derived @entity880 is an important factor modulating the DC phenotype in the @entity5 environment, which may critically contribute to @entity5 escape mechanisms.

title: Tumor-derived XXXX modulates dendritic cell activation and antigen expression.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma and prostate carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactic acid']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of activation mapping for radiofrequency modification of the sinus node and the long-term success rate of the procedure in a series of @entity1 with @entity7129 . BACKGROUND: The results of radiofrequency @entity7129 have been reported in only a small number of @entity1 . METHODS: The subjects of this study were 29 consecutive drug-refractory @entity1 who underwent catheter @entity7129 . Target sites were selected by activation mapping during @entity7129 . RESULTS: The ablation procedure was successful acutely in reducing the baseline sinus rate to <90/min and the sinus rate during @entity3044 infusion by >20% in 22 of 29 @entity1 (76%). In 13 of 22 @entity1 (59%) with a successful acute outcome, successive applications of radiofrequency energy at the site of earliest endocardial activation resulted in a cranial-caudal migration of earliest endocardial activation from the high lateral right atrium, along with a step-wise reduction in heart rate. In the other nine @entity1 (41%) with a successful acute outcome, the reduction in sinus rate occurred abruptly, unaccompanied by migration of the site of earliest activation. Symptoms @entity7129 recurred at a mean of 4.4+/-; 3 months after the ablation procedure in 6 of 22 @entity1 (27%). After additional procedures in three @entity1 , @entity7129 ultimately were successfully eliminated over the long-term in 19 of 29 @entity1 (66%). CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, radiofrequency ablation is at best only modestly effective for managing @entity1 with @entity7129 . The two different responses of heart rate to radiofrequency ablation may reflect differences in the number and/or multicentricity of subsidiary sites of impulse generation within the sinus node and/or atrium in @entity1 with @entity7129 .

title: Radiofrequency catheter XXXX guided by activation mapping.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['ablation of inappropriate sinus tachycardia', 'sinus tachycardia', 'due to inappropriate sinus tachycardia', 'symptoms of inappropriate sinus tachycardia', 'inappropriate sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

answer: @entity7129 :: (MESH:D013616,Disease) :: ['ablation of inappropriate sinus tachycardia']


abstract: PURPOSE: We determine the function of gastric tissue as a reservoir for urine and driving force for urination. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 12 @entity1 15 to 45 years old underwent gastrocystoplasty (8) or @entity150 replacement (4). In 1 @entity1 bladder neck reconstruction was performed with augmentation using the same gastric segment. Ten @entity1 were followed for 1 to 2 years, and evaluated subjectively and objectively, including a urodynamic study 6 months postoperatively. RESULTS: No @entity1 had @entity3833 or @entity811 , despite urinary pH of 5 or less. Mean bladder capacity after augmentation increased from 130 (range 60 to 150) to 420 ml. (range 400 to 470), and was 350 ml. (range 340 to 380) after gastric replacement. Uninhibited contractions occurred only when bladder filling reached 71 to 92% of ultimate capacity with a mean amplitude of 22 cm. water (range 5 to 38). @entity1 with a @entity356 demonstrated an interrupted biphasic flow pattern with a mean maximum flow rate of 12 ml. per second (range 11.5 to 12.8). Urine was evacuated mainly by contraction of the @entity150 (74%) in stage 1 and by abdominal straining (80%) in stage 2 of voiding. CONCLUSIONS: Stomach seems to be an ideal source of material for @entity1494 or replacement. The high capacity, low pressure reservoir provided by gastric tissue is probably due to the nature of the @entity2472 , which occur only late in filling with a low amplitude. Also, the @entity356 is evacuated mainly by contraction of its musculature, supplemented with abdominal straining at the end of voiding.

title: Micturition after gastrocystoplasty and XXXX replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder augmentation']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['gastric bladder']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric neobladder']

entities_list: @entity2472 :: ('MESH:C536214', 'Disease') :: ['involuntary contractions']

answer: @entity150 :: (MESH:D001749,Disease) :: ['gastric bladder']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine thermal @entity39 zone and the maximal temperature achieved with various electrocautery doses applied to the pubic symphysis of immature @entity235 , and to establish the minimal electrocautery dose needed to affect thermal @entity39 of the germinal chondrocytes of the immature @entity235 pubis. STUDY DESIGN: A randomized, controlled, prospective study. ANIMALS: Twelve puppies, 15 to 17 weeks of age. METHODS: Each treated puppy was randomly selected to receive 3 of 33 possible doses of electrical current applied at uniform intervals along the pelvic symphysis. Three treatment sites were sham-operated controls. All treatment zones were biopsied 7 days after application of electrocautery. Confocal laser microscopy with @entity5384 green and @entity5611 homodimer red stains were used to determine cell type and viability within treatment and control zones. The physeal diameter and thermal @entity39 zone were measured. Thermal @entity39 zone and dose, and temperature and dose were compared using regression analysis. Prediction equation analysis was used to establish dose recommendations. RESULTS: Doses of 40 W produced a highly significant linear relationship (R(2) =.88, P <.01) with thermal @entity39 zone, and a significant linear relationship (R(2) =.76, P <.02) with maximal temperature. CONCLUSIONS: The thermal @entity39 zone within the pelvic symphysis and maximal temperature achieved can be reliably predicted using electrocautery doses of 40 W. For application of electrocautery to induce pubic symphysiodesis, doses should be chosen based on measured or estimated physeal size. Using prediction equation analysis, the surgeon can plan mean thermal @entity39 zone with acceptable variance. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Unipolar needle electrocautery can be used to reliably achieve symphyseal @entity39 . Prediction equation analysis can be used to determine 40-W doses.

title: XXXX pubic symphysiodesis: investigation of electrocautery dose response by histologic examination and temperature measurement.

entities_list: @entity5611 :: ('MESH:D004996', 'Chemical') :: ['ethidium']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['Canine']


abstract: Despite more than two decades of clinical research with chemotherapy, the outcome of @entity11 remains poor. Recent years have seen major advances in elucidation of the biology of these @entity5 , which in turn have led to the current development of innovative therapeutic strategies. The question confronting us at the end of the 1990s is whether we should continue to use and investigate chemotherapy or whether the time has come for experimental treatments. As a contribution to this debate, we reviewed the abundant literature on chemotherapy of @entity11 , paying special attention to methodological features. The new treatment approaches based on current knowledge about @entity11 biology are then briefly summarized. Assessment of more than 20 years of chemotherapy trials is discouraging despite a few areas of modest success. Only @entity1 with specific histology ( @entity3271 , @entity816 ) and good prognostic factors (young age, good performance status) may benefit from chemotherapy, with a possible reversal of @entity51 . However, the real impact on survival is small ( @entity816 ) or undefined ( @entity3271 ). Furthermore, it is unfortunately obvious that the outcome of @entity463 @entity1 is not significantly modified by chemotherapy. We believe the time has come to explore the potential of novel biological therapies in @entity463 @entity1 . This could also be proposed for @entity816 and @entity3271 @entity1 after failure of chemotherapy.

title: XXXX : should chemotherapy be overthrown by experimental treatments?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma', 'glioma', 'malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['Malignant glioma']


abstract: The @entity49295 -cluster of photosystem II (PSII) from @entity10415 was studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy after a series of saturating laser flashes given in the presence of either @entity1042 or @entity1068 . Results were compared to those obtained in similar experiments done on PSII isolated from plants. The flash-dependent changes in amplitude of the EPR multiline signals were virtually identical in all samples. In agreement with earlier work [Messinger, J., Nugent, J. H. A., and Evans, M. C. W. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 11055-11060; Ahrling, K. A., Peterson, S., and Styring, S. (1997) Biochemistry 36, 13148-13152], detection of an EPR multiline signal from the S(0) state in PSII from plants was only possible with @entity1042 present. In PSII from @entity10415 , it is shown that the S(0) state exhibits an EPR multiline signal in the absence of @entity1042 (however, @entity1068 was present as a solvent for the artificial electron acceptor). The hyperfine lines are better resolved when @entity1042 is present. The S(0) multiline signals detected in plant PSII and in @entity10415 were similar but not identical. Unlike the situation seen in plant PSII, the S(2) state in @entity10415 is not affected by the addition of @entity1042 in that (i) the S(2) multiline EPR signal is not modified by @entity1042 and (ii) the spin state of the S(2) state is affected by infrared light when @entity1042 is present. It is also shown that the magnetic relaxation properties of an oxidized low-spin @entity1446 , attributed to cytochrome c(550), vary with the S states. This @entity1446 then is in the magnetic environment of the @entity49295 cluster.

title: Detection of an electron paramagnetic resonance signal in the S0 state of the manganese complex of photosystem II from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity10415 :: ('32046', 'Species') :: ['S. elongatus', 'Synechococcus elongatus']

answer: @entity10415 :: (32046,Species) :: ['Synechococcus elongatus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Observational studies have suggested that antioxidant nutrients may reduce @entity5 and overall mortality risks. However, most randomized trials have failed to show survival benefits. Examining nonlinear associations between antioxidant levels and health outcomes may help to explain these discrepant findings. METHODS: We evaluated all-cause, @entity5 , and cardiovascular mortality risks associated with quintiles (Q1-Q5) of serum antioxidant (vitamins C and E, b-carotene, and @entity4259 ) and @entity904 levels, in 16,008 adult @entity1 of The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III; 1988-1994). RESULTS: Over a median follow-up period of 14.2 years, there were 4,225 deaths, including 891 from @entity5 and 1,891 from @entity65 . We observed a dose-response decrease in @entity5 and overall mortality risks with higher @entity620 levels. In contrast, for @entity904 , risk of @entity5 death decreased from Q1-Q2, with no further decline in risk at higher levels. For @entity270 , having levels in Q4 was associated with the @entity5 mortality risk. Both vitamin A and E had U-shaped associations with all-cause mortality. @entity5 mortality risks decreased from Q1-Q2 for b-carotene and from Q1-Q4 for @entity4259 . However, for b-carotene and @entity4259 , overall mortality risks decreased from Q1-Q2 but then did not change significantly with higher levels. CONCLUSIONS: Antioxidant supplement use should be studied in the context of overall mortality and other competing mortality risks. IMPACT: These data suggest the need for novel intervention studies where doses of these agents are individualized based on their serum levels, and possibly, markers of oxidative stress and systemic inflammatory response.

title: Serum antioxidant nutrients, XXXX , and mortality in U.S. Adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'lowest cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity4259 :: ('MESH:D012643', 'Chemical') :: ['selenium']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin C']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin A']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity904 :: (MESH:D014801,Chemical) :: ['vitamin A']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Malolactic fermentation (MLF) mediated by @entity880 bacteria (LAB) has been shown to modulate chemical and sensory attributes of wine. This study investigated the relation between consumer liking, chemical and sensory attributes of @entity13788 . cv. Pinotage wines that were made over two vintages by four different @entity880 @entity26412 starter cultures as well as a control treatment where MLF was prevented. RESULTS: Descriptive analysis showed that the sensory attributes buttery, caramel, vegetative flavour, fruity and nutty aroma differed significantly between the wines. These effects on the wines were not the same for the two vintages tested. Preference mapping results showed that the sensory attributes influenced the average consumer liking. The main chemical and sensory correlations found for MLF-treated wines were related to @entity12741 ( @entity12741 ) with the buttery character and various esters with fruity aromas. CONCLUSION: Although the direct effect of the bacterial starter cultures on wine sensory attributes is difficult to establish, and subject to variation over vintage, the present work suggests that the contribution of @entity50472 starter cultures to wine sensory attributes can influence consumer liking. Selection of an MLF starter culture can thus potentially be used to develop specific wine styles.    2013 Society of Chemical Industry.

title: The relationships between consumer liking, sensory and chemical attributes of XXXX . cv. Pinotage wines elaborated with different @entity26412 starter cultures.

entities_list: @entity26412 :: ('1247', 'Species') :: ['Oenococcus oeni']

entities_list: @entity13788 :: ('29760', 'Species') :: ['Vitis vinifera L']

entities_list: @entity12741 :: ('MESH:D003931', 'Chemical') :: ['2,3-butanedione', 'diacetyl']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

answer: @entity13788 :: (29760,Species) :: ['Vitis vinifera L']


abstract: The ability of phytoplankton to cope with oxidative stress is one of the main factors that influence its survival in the marine environment, when senescence conditions prevail. In a first attempt to investigate the antioxidant strategies of different phytoplanktonic groups face to oxidative stress, the @entity224 dismutase (SOD; EC 1.15.1.1) activity and photosynthetic pigment content along the growth curves of the dinoflagellate Lingulodinium polyedrum (Stein) Dodge, the prasinophycean Tetraselmis gracilis (Kylin) Butcher and the diatom Minutocellus polymorphus (Hargraves and Guillard) Hasle, von Stosch and Syvertsen were evaluated in batch-cultures. Total SOD activity was determined by an indirect method involving the inhibition of @entity4674 reduction. The contents of photosynthetic pigments were analysed by HPLC using a reverse phase column ( @entity18464 ), based on a ternary gradient. A peak of total SOD activity was detected at the beginning of the T. gracilis and M. polymorphus exponential growth. In L. polyedrum and M. polymorphus, SOD activity increased approximately three times by day 17 of growth, compared to the values obtained on day 3 (exponential phase) of the growth curve. All three species of microalgae had reduced SOD activity at the end of their growth. The levels of peridinin in L. polyedrum increased about 60% by day 17 of growth compared to the values obtained at exponential phase. Tetraselmis gracilis exhibited a remarkable increase (approximately 85%) in @entity2066 concentration after 10-14 days of growth whereas the @entity2066 levels in M. polymorphus decreased about 85% along its growth curve. These findings suggest that the antioxidant response during senescence in batch-cultures differ according to the species. Induction of SOD activity may occur either in the early exponential or stationary growth phases, which is important to prevent oxidative stress triggered by a number of factors that affects growth, such as nutrient and light availability.

title: Changes in XXXX dismutase activity and photosynthetic pigment content during growth of marine phytoplankters in batch-cultures.

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity2066 :: ('MESH:D019207', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-carotene']

answer: @entity224 :: (MESH:D013481,Chemical) :: ['superoxide']


abstract: Three @entity1 with a predominantly @entity241 , desmoplastic, and @entity242 , resembling that of @entity1492 but with ultrastructural and immunocytochemical evidence of rhabdomyoblastic differentiation, are described. The @entity5 were compared light and electron microscopically and immunocytochemically with six classical cases of @entity1492 of the desmoplastic type. The three @entity5 occurred in two @entity1 and one @entity1 who were between 1 and 3 years of age. Ultrastructurally, the @entity5 cells primarily demonstrated fibroblastic and myofibroblastic features, but there were also @entity5 cells with sarcomere-like structures. The spindle-shaped, fibroblast-like @entity5 cells expressed @entity2277 , @entity2283 , and smooth muscle-specific and sarcomere-specific actins. In one @entity5 peculiar intracytoplasmic inclusions were observed by light and electron microscopy. The immunocytochemical analysis indicated that these bodies contained all types of thin and intermediate filaments. In short-term cell cultures the @entity5 cells of two examined @entity5 revealed immunoreactivity for @entity2277 , smooth muscle-specific actin, and @entity2283 . Cytogenetically, both @entity5 displayed a similar chromosomal pattern. One @entity5 contained two abnormal clones with monosomy 19 and monosomy 22, respectively, and the other @entity5 revealed a single clone with monosomy 19. In addition, both @entity5 contained clones with a normal karyotype. Two of the @entity1 with metastatic spread died within 2 years of the primary operation. The third @entity1 is alive with a local recurrence. The three @entity5 described here deviate from @entity1492 in terms of their clinical, ultrastructural, immunocytochemical, and cytogenetic characteristics. The descriptive term "infantile rhabdomyofibrosarcoma" is suggested. The present investigation calls for detailed studies of @entity5 diagnosed as infantile @entity1492 that have metastasized and followed a fatal course.

title: Infantile rhabdomyofibrosarcoma: a high-grade XXXX distinguishable from @entity1492 and rhabdomyosarcoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'girls', 'boy']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['fascicular spindle-cell sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity241 :: ('MESH:D018223', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcomatous']

entities_list: @entity1492 :: ('MESH:D005354', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosarcomas', 'infantile fibrosarcoma']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcoma']


abstract: We initiated a clinical and genetic linkage study on members of a large Venezuelan family with @entity393 . A medical history and a physical examination were performed on 30 family members. Audiometry was carried out in 25 subjects, and in 2 additional @entity1 auditory brainstem responses were obtained. Additional testing (site-of-lesion, electronystagmography and computed tomography) was also obtained in a few subjects. DNA was extracted from blood samples from 25 family members. The type of @entity2319 in this family is neurosensorial, non-syndromic and postlingual. The average age of onset of @entity2319 is 7 years and there is a rapid progression leading to profound @entity2319 . @entity2319 is possibly of cochlear origin and there is no associated vestibular pathology. Analysis of the pedigree discloses a maternal pattern of inheritance with a significant female predominance, compatible with a mutation of the mitochondrial DNA. The molecular DNA analysis for the known mitochondrial mutations are discussed.

title: An analysis of a large postlingually deaf family with hereditary non-syndromic profound XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['deafness', 'Deafness']

answer: @entity393 :: (MESH:D034381,Disease) :: ['hearing loss']


abstract: 1 @entity4783 is a new antagonist analgesic which was offered sublingually to 141 @entity1 with moderate @entity5 as an alternative to their current analgesic. These @entity1 were not on regular strong @entity1286 -like analgesics. 2 Forty-seven @entity1 used the drug on demand in unit doses ranging from 0.15-0.8 mg for an average of 12 weeks. A full-time nurse-observer was used throughout the studies. 3 Good analgesic results were obtained. @entity1118 in the head and neck were especially helped by the drug. There was no indication of @entity734 or tolerance in this study. 4 The main side-effect was drowsiness which lessened with usage of the drug. A major advantage of the drug was the absence of @entity1142 as a side-effect. 5 This sublingual preparation seems worthy of addition to the commercially available range of analgesics in clinical practice.

title: A trial of sublingual XXXX in @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity4783 :: ('MESH:D002047', 'Chemical') :: ['Buprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Certain difficult chronic dull aching pains']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity4783 :: (MESH:D002047,Chemical) :: ['buprenorphine']


abstract: PURPOSE: The modest activity of chemotherapy and biologic agents in the treatment of advanced @entity320 has prompted investigators to consider combinations of chemotherapy and biologic agents (i.e., biochemotherapy) as a way of improving response rates and survival. Although biochemotherapy has generated a great deal of interest over the last several years, and these regimens have produced high response rates in single-institution phase II trials, they have yet to demonstrate a significant survival benefit in randomized trials compared with either chemotherapy or biotherapy alone. METHODS: The available literature regarding the clinical experience with single- and multiagent chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and biochemotherapy was reviewed. RESULTS: Treatment of @entity320 with either single-agent or combination chemotherapy regimens is clearly suboptimal; the majority of responses are partial and of short duration. In contrast, @entity1199 produces long-term durable complete remission in a subset of @entity1 . Over 1,000 @entity1 have been treated with @entity1199 -based biochemotherapy regimens in single-institution phase II trials, and response rates have ranged from 40% to 60%. Most encouraging have been the durable responses observed in 10% to 20% of @entity1 in most of these trials. Large databases, including two meta-analyses, have confirmed the substantial improvement in response rate associated with biochemotherapy regimens that include both @entity1199 and interferon alfa ( @entity3027 ) compared with chemotherapy or biotherapy alone. Biochemotherapy is currently being evaluated in randomized controlled trials to determine if this treatment strategy can provide a survival benefit compared with current standard treatments. A pilot study at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center has demonstrated the feasibility of administering a modification of a concurrent biochemotherapy regimen, initially described by Legha et al, consisting of @entity900 , @entity5713 , and @entity2699 (CVD) plus @entity1199 and @entity3027 in the cooperative group setting. CONCLUSION: These studies provided the rationale for intergroup trial E-3695, which is currently randomizing @entity1 to concurrent biochemotherapy with CVD plus @entity1199 and @entity3027 versus CVD alone.

title: Rationale for intergroup trial E-3695 comparing concurrent biochemotherapy with @entity900 , XXXX , and @entity2699 alone in @entity1 with @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity2699 :: ('MESH:D003606', 'Chemical') :: ['dacarbazine']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity5713 :: (MESH:D014747,Chemical) :: ['vinblastine']


abstract: @entity2838 is an @entity74 characterized by gastrointestinal @entity1127 . The pathologic identification of a @entity1127 is integral to the diagnosis of this syndrome that often remains undiagnosed until after these @entity1127 are identified. Histologically, @entity1127 are characterized by a distinctive arborization of smooth muscle within the lamina propria. Colonic @entity1127 , however, may mimic mucosal @entity1127 or virtually any @entity1586 that undergoes prolapse. In this paper, we explore the morphological features of @entity1586 and the diagnostic challenges associated with these @entity1127 . @entity1586 from @entity1 with @entity2838 were identified (n=34). The control cohort, included mucosal @entity1127 (n=5), @entity1127 (n=10) and tubular @entity652 with prolapse (n=9), @entity1127 (n=2) and @entity1127 (n=14). Intramucosal smooth muscle fibers were identified in all classes of @entity1127 . Twenty-three of the 34 @entity1586 were characterized by lobulated clusters of colonic crypts. On immunohistochemistry, @entity2283 -positive smooth muscle fibers were seen surrounding these lobules. This lobular organization of the crypts was not identified in mucosal @entity1127 and @entity1127 or tubular @entity652 with prolapse; only one of the 14 @entity1127 showed this pattern of reactivity on a @entity2283 stain. Our data suggests that the histologic hallmark of @entity1586 is the lobular organization of the crypts, and that an arborizing pattern of smooth muscle proliferation is neither sensitive nor a specific marker of @entity1586 . The presence of @entity2283 -positive smooth muscle fibers surrounding the lobules is a helpful diagnostic feature of @entity1586 , and facilitates the distinction of these @entity1127 from non- @entity1127 with prolapse-like changes.

title: XXXX : a critical look at @entity1586 .

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['prolapse polyps', 'hamartomatous polyps', 'ganglioneuromatous polyps', 'juvenile polyps', 'polyps', 'Peutz-Jeghers polyp', 'hyperplastic polyps', 'Peutz-Jeghers polyps']

entities_list: @entity2838 :: ('MESH:D010580', 'Disease') :: ['Peutz-Jeghers syndrome']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant condition']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity1586 :: ('MESH:D003111', 'Disease') :: ['colonic Peutz-Jeghers polyps', 'colonic polyp', 'Colonic polyps']

answer: @entity2838 :: (MESH:D010580,Disease) :: ['Peutz-Jeghers syndrome']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the feasibility of biweekly @entity1311 treatment as maintenance chemotherapy for @entity1 with @entity189 . METHODS: Thirty @entity1 with stage III or IV @entity43 who underwent primary optimal surgery and standard 6 cycles of @entity3003 / @entity3907 -based chemotherapy and exhibited a complete clinical response were entered in this study. @entity1311 80 mg/m(2) was administered biweekly for 12 cycles. @entity1 were evaluated monthly for treatment-related @entity137 . RESULTS: Four @entity1 , including 3 disease progressions and 1 @entity236 , came off the protocol therapy. Twenty-six (86.7%) @entity1 received complete treatment. Although the major @entity137 was @entity1398 , most of those @entity1 (27/30, 90.0%) did not experience grade 3 or 4 @entity1398 . Twenty-four (80.0%) @entity1 showed persistent grade 1 @entity16 and the remaining 6 (20.0%) did not as a result of prior therapy. However, none experienced @entity16 progression during or after the protocol therapy. Most (17/22, 77.3%) of the completely treated @entity1 experienced a regression of symptoms during and after therapy. CONCLUSION: Biweekly @entity1311 therapy is well tolerated by @entity1 with @entity189 and is therefore acceptable as a candidate for maintenance chemotherapy in these @entity1 .

title: Feasibility study on biweekly XXXX treatment as maintenance chemotherapy in @entity189 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian, fallopian tube, and peritoneal cancers']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['advanced m  llerian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow suppression']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1712 media (EOM) is an intractable @entity2346 media characterized by a highly viscous effusion containing eosinophils, and high levels of immunoglobulin (Ig) E are detected in the @entity2171 ( @entity2171 ). We carried out a pilot study to determine whether anti-IgE therapy is efficacious in the treatment of EOM. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. @entity1 AND METHODS: Eight @entity1 with EOM received the anti-IgE agent omalizumab for at least 3 months, in addition to ordinary treatments for EOM. They were evaluated by a questionnaire for ear and respiratory symptoms, clinical scores, surrogate markers in the blood, and hearing acuity before and after the anti-IgE therapy. Nine EOM patients without anti-IgE therapy were included as controls. RESULTS: The ear symptom scores and clinical scores gradually decreased during the therapy. In particular, 5 @entity1 who were treated for more than 1 year showed improvement of their clinical scores with resolution of the @entity2171 . The total serum IgE level was significantly elevated after 3 months of therapy (p < 0.01). Deterioration of the bone conduction hearing levels was more frequently found in the control group than in the omalizumab group. CONCLUSION: This pilot study provides new evidence establishing that long-term anti-IgE therapy improved the clinical ear symptoms of EOM and bone conduction hearing levels were mostly preserved. Therefore, long-term anti-IgE therapy can be effective for EOM to inhibit @entity32 in the middle ear.

title: Clinical efficacy of anti-IgE therapy for XXXX media.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['Eosinophilic otitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2171 :: ('MESH:D010034', 'Disease') :: ['MEE', 'middle ear effusion']

answer: @entity1712 :: (MESH:D004802,Disease) :: ['eosinophilic otitis']


abstract: CLINICAL VIGNETTE: Despite being the most common antithrombotic strategy in trials comparing venous with prosthetic grafts, the use of @entity2067 antagonists (VKAs) to improve the outcome of @entity1211 remains the subject of debate. In this systematic review, evidence supporting the use of VKAs for improving venous patency following infrainguinal @entity1211 is provided. CLINICAL QUESTION: A 67 year old @entity1 with lifestyle limiting @entity613 underwent a successful infrainguinal @entity1211 . Can VKAs help preserve patency after @entity1211 surgery? METHODS: A systematic review of electronic databases, including MEDLINE and Embase, was conducted. Only randomized controlled studies comparing VKAs with @entity117 (ASA) were included. The main outcome was bypass patency. RESULTS: Four studies using different intensities of anticoagulation      ASA were identified. All but one showed a benefit of VKAs over ASA with respect to primary patency. However, this benefit was also accompanied by an increased risk of @entity548 . The Dutch Bypass Oral Anticoagulants, or ASA, study was the largest included and showed that VKAs (without concomitant ASA) were superior to ASA alone for the prevention of graft occlusion (hazard ratio 0.69, 95% confidence interval 0.54-0.88). CONCLUSION: Current evidence suggests that VKAs are superior to ASA for the prevention of infrainguinal autologous venous graft @entity715 .

title: Role of @entity2067 Antagonists in the Prevention of XXXX After Infrainguinal Venous Bypass.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity613 :: ('MESH:D007383', 'Disease') :: ['claudication']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous bypass']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombotic Bypass Occlusion']


abstract: The objective was to evaluate the efficacy of worksite weight reduction programs at high-stress worksites. We employed a longitudinal study based on two meal replacements daily with subjects choosing a third 'sensible' meal. The subjects were 492 healthy, overweight @entity1 and @entity1 working in high-stress occupations (police, hospital health professionals, flight crew members, firefighters). The mean group ages ranged from 32.17 +/- 5.70 to 44.50 +/- 16.40 years; the mean group body mass indexes (BMIs) ranged from 27.40 +/- 2.54 to 32.90 +/- 3.39 kg/m(2). The completion rate for the 12 weeks was 79.8%. Reductions in mean weight and mean BMI were greater than in medically supervised clinical trials with non-worksite adults. Firefighters lost the most weight and medical personnel the least. Follow-up found considerable retention of @entity353 . @entity1 lost significantly more weight than @entity1 (p < 0.006). We conclude that employees in some high-stress settings may participate productively in worksite weight reduction and maintenance programs that use meal replacements.

title: Four worksite XXXX programs with high-stress occupations using a meal replacement product.

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: ILSI-HESI sponsored an international consortium for the evaluation of alternative models, including the TrpS3+/- @entity19 . for use in short-term carcinogenicity testing of pharmaceuticals. Products of the ILSI evaluation included guidance for protocol design and assay interpretation, spontaneous @entity5 incidences, diagnostic criteria for common @entity75 , and results of assays for pharmaceutical agents that are known @entity1 and/or rodent carcinogens and non-carcinogens. Based on the ILSI evaluation, recommended protocol elements for this model include: 26-week study duration, groups > or = 15/sex/dose, a positive control group ( @entity7935 or @entity49782 ), a negative control group and 3 dose groups, the high dose set at @entity34681 or MFD, routine in-life evaluations, and complete necropsies with microscopic evaluation of tissues. Favored statistical analyses are trend tests or pair-wise comparisons, with no adjustments for survival. For an assay to be valid, positive control groups must demonstrate an effect, and the @entity34681 or MFD must be reached in both sexes. Criteria for a negative response include a valid assay, no statistical increase in common @entity5 , no biologically significant numerical increase in rare @entity5 , and no @entity5 incidence above that of historical controls. Positive responses can consist of statistically significant increases in the incidence of a common @entity5 or numerical increases in a rare @entity5 , which may not be statistically significant. In either case, the incidence should be clearly above historical control values. Evidence of a dose response or occurrence of @entity1373 in a tissue with a neoplastic response can support interpreting an assay as positive. The two most common spontaneous @entity5 (> 1 %) in @entity186 +/- @entity19 are @entity8646 and @entity242 . Use of implanted electronic transponders can increase the incidence of @entity242 . Important rare spontaneous @entity5 (incidence < or = 1%) are @entity421 and @entity652 . Many other @entity5 types have been reported to occur sporadically in @entity186 +/- @entity19 . Diagnostic challenges for this model include differentiating @entity706 from @entity8792 and recognizing the variable histopathology of @entity242 . In reported bioassays, @entity186 +/- @entity19 responded positively to genotoxic carcinogens, negatively to @entity2618 , and negatively to noncarcinogens, indicating that unlike the 2-year @entity19 assay, this short-term assay is not overly sensitive. Positive responses often elicited an increase in @entity5 that occur spontaneously. To successfully use this model, pathologists must understand the biology of the @entity186 @entity5 suppressor gene and the principles of protocol design and data interpretation for short-term bioassays. They must also know the historical response pattern of @entity186 +/- @entity19 to test agents and be able to accurately diagnose @entity5 in this model. Use of the @entity186 +/- @entity19 presents the pharmaceutical industry with several challenges, one of which is managing the uncertainty created by a lack of precedents for regulatory decisions about some possible outcomes for short-term carcinogenicity assays.

title: The @entity186 hemizygous XXXX in pharmaceutical development: points to consider for pathologists.

entities_list: @entity8646 :: ('MESH:C564767', 'Disease') :: ['malignant thymic lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas', 'subcutaneous sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity8792 :: ('MESH:D013952', 'Disease') :: ['atypical thymic hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity2618 :: ('MESH:D012376', 'Disease') :: ['non-genotoxic rodent carcinogens']

entities_list: @entity49782 :: ('MESH:C013453', 'Chemical') :: ['p-cresidine']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A 33-year-old renal transplant recipient presented with painless swelling of the right knee. Physical examination revealed an impressive @entity1143 with no signs of @entity32 . The @entity1 did not remember a recent trauma, but he mentioned a strain 3 years earlier; radiographic findings had been normal at that time. The @entity1 had suffered from @entity454 due to chronic @entity631 and had previously undergone two transplantations. At presentation, his kidney function was stable under treatment with @entity205 , @entity500 and @entity230 . INVESTIGATIONS: Conventional radiography revealed a @entity5 at the superolateral pole of the right patella. Extensive soft tissue invasion and @entity79 was seen on MRI. A knee arthroscopy with biopsy, performed to aid diagnosis, showed extensive @entity4850 macroscopically; histologically, gouty tophi were found. DIAGNOSIS: Pseudotumor of @entity210 . MANAGEMENT: @entity414 -lowering therapy with @entity11368 was started immediately after diagnosis. A local arthroscopic debridement of the right knee joint was performed 4 months later, and the @entity1 remained asymptomatic for the next 3 years.

title: Pseudotumor of XXXX of a kidney transplant recipient.

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['knee joint effusion']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['Uric-acid']

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity210 :: ('MESH:D006073', 'Disease') :: ['gout in the patella']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['ciclosporin']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity4850 :: ('MESH:D002805', 'Disease') :: ['chondrocalcinosis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity11368 :: ('MESH:D001553', 'Chemical') :: ['benzbromarone']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity210 :: (MESH:D006073,Disease) :: ['gout in the patella']


abstract: Under appropriate conditions, protease-dispersed cytotrophoblast cells from @entity1 term placenta fuse and differentiate into syncytiotrophoblast cells that express @entity1465 . Although @entity1 @entity5804 ( @entity4151 ) is also expressed by the syncytiotrophoblast in vivo, little @entity4151 is expressed by trophoblast cells differentiated in vitro using standard tissue culture medium or keratinocyte growth medium supplemented with fetal bovine serum. In this report, we demonstrate that cytotrophoblast cells fuse and differentiate to a phenotype that expresses large amounts of both @entity1465 and @entity4151 when cultured in medium containing maternal serum. When protease-dispersed cytotrophoblast cells were plated in RPMI-1640 supplemented with 10% second trimester (16-22 week) maternal serum (STMS medium), extensive cell fusion was observed by day 3 in culture. Cell fusion appeared to be essentially complete by day 6, coinciding with the peak of @entity1465 expression and the initiation of @entity4151 expression. The peak of @entity1465 expression occurred between days 4-7 of an experiment; the range for maximal release of @entity1465 was 0.1-3.7 micrograms/24 h.well when cells were plated at a density of 10(6)/well. In contrast, the peak of @entity4151 expression occurred between days 7-11 of an experiment, and the range of maximal @entity4151 release was 0.9-3.5 micrograms/24 h.well. Northern blot analysis indicated that the level of @entity4151 messenger RNA (mRNA) paralleled the release of hormone. However, whereas the @entity7807 -subunit mRNA paralleled the release of @entity1465 , the @entity3507 -subunit mRNA did not, suggesting that the two genes are independently regulated. Cells cultured in nonpregnant (male or female) serum-supplemented medium also differentiated to the syncytiotrophoblast phenotype following a temporal pattern almost identical to that observed for cells cultured in STMS. However, the quantity of hormone released was at least 2-fold greater with STMS. Compared to RPMI-1640 or keratinocyte growth medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, STMS induced equal or greater expression of @entity1465 and substantially greater expression of @entity4151 at the level of both mRNA and protein. The extent of cell fusion, the level of hormone expression, and the regulated patterns of hormone expression suggest that cytotrophoblast cells cultured in maternal serum progress to an advanced stage of trophoblast differentiation.

title: @entity1 cytotrophoblast cells cultured in maternal serum progress to a differentiated syncytial phenotype expressing both @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin and @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5804 :: ('1443', 'Gene') :: ['placental lactogen']

answer: @entity5804 :: (1443,Gene) :: ['placental lactogen']


abstract: It has been shown in animals that neuronal activity in the 'gamma band' (>30 Hz) is associated with cortical activation and may play a role in multi-regional and multi-modal integration of cortical processing. Studies of gamma activity in @entity1 scalp EEG have typically focused on @entity7158 ( @entity7158 ) in the 40 Hz band. To assess further the gamma band @entity7158 further, as an index of cortical activation and as a tool for @entity1 functional brain mapping, we recorded subdural electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals in five clinical subjects while they performed visual-motor decision tasks designed to activate the representations of different body parts in sensorimotor cortex. ECoG spectral analysis utilized a mixed-effects analysis of variance model in which within-trial temporal dependencies were accounted for. Taking an exploratory approach, we studied gamma @entity7158 in 10-Hz-wide bands (overlapping by 5 Hz) ranging from 30 to 100 Hz, and compared these findings with changes in the alpha (8-13 Hz) and beta (15-25 Hz) bands. Gamma @entity7158 (observed in three out of subjects) occurred in two broad bands-'low gamma' included the 35-45 and 40-50 Hz bands, and 'high gamma' the 75-85, 80-90, 85-95 and 90-100 Hz bands. The temporal and spatial characteristics of low and high gamma @entity7158 were distinct, suggesting relatively independent neurophysiological mechanisms. Low gamma @entity7158 often began after onset of the motor response and was sustained through much of it, in parallel with event-related desynchronization (ERD) in the alpha band. High gamma @entity7158 often began during, or slightly before, the motor response and was transient, ending well before completion of the motor response. These temporal differences in low and high gamma suggest different functional associations with motor performance. Compared with alpha and beta ERD, the topographical patterns of low and high gamma @entity7158 were more discrete and somatotopically specific and only occurred over contralateral sensorimotor cortex during unilateral limb movements (alpha and beta ERD were also observed ipsilaterally). Maps of sensorimotor function inferred from gamma @entity7158 were consistent with maps generated by cortical electrical stimulation for clinical purposes. In addition, different task conditions in one subject produced consistent differences in both motor response latencies and onset latency of gamma @entity7158 , particularly high gamma @entity7158 . Compared with alpha and beta ERD, the topography of gamma @entity7158 is more consistent with traditional maps of sensorimotor functional anatomy. In addition, gamma @entity7158 may provide complementary information about cortical neurophysiology that is useful for mapping brain function in @entity1 .

title: Functional mapping of XXXX sensorimotor cortex with electrocorticographic spectral analysis. II. Event-related synchronization in the gamma band.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'humans']

entities_list: @entity7158 :: ('MESH:D009378', 'Disease') :: ['ERS', 'event-related synchronization']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Twenty type classifiers scored @entity558 ( @entity12583 ) of 91,738 first-parity @entity291 from 601 sires and 5518 maternal grandsires. Fertility data during first lactation were extracted for 177,220 @entity291 , of which 67,278 also had a @entity12583 observation, and first-lactation 305-d milk, fat, and protein yields were added for 180,631 @entity291 . Heritabilities and genetic correlations were estimated using a sire-maternal grandsire model. Heritability of @entity12583 was 0.38. Heritabilities for fertility traits were low (0.01 to 0.07), but genetic standard deviations were substantial, 9 d for days to first service and calving interval, 0.25 for number of services, and 5% for first-service conception. Phenotypic correlations between fertility and yield or @entity12583 were small (-0.15 to 0.20). Genetic correlations between yield and all fertility traits were unfavorable (0.37 to 0.74). Genetic correlations with @entity12583 were between -0.4 and -0.6 for calving interval and days to first service. Random regression analysis (RR) showed that correlations changed with days in milk for @entity12583 . Little agreement was found between variances and correlations from RR, and analysis including a single month (mo 1 to 10) of data for @entity12583 , especially during early and late lactation. However, this was due to excluding data from the conventional analysis, rather than due to the polynomials used. RR and a conventional five-traits model where @entity12583 in mo 1, 4, 7, and 10 was treated as a separate traits (plus yield or fertility) gave similar results. Thus a parsimonious random regression model gave more realistic estimates for the (co)variances than a series of bivariate analysis on subsets of the data for @entity12583 . A higher genetic merit for yield has unfavorable effects on fertility, but the genetic correlation suggests that @entity12583 (at some stages of lactation) might help to alleviate the unfavorable effect of selection for higher yield on fertility.

title: Genetic correlations among XXXX score, yield, and fertility in first-parity @entity291 estimated by random regression models.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['body condition']

answer: @entity558 :: (MESH:C536528,Disease) :: ['body condition']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of multislice computed tomography (MSCT) in the evaluation of @entity8 against a gold standard of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We evaluated 30 @entity1 with @entity177 that underwent MSCT to rule out a vascular cause and DSA to confirm a vascular cause suspected at MSCT. MSCT examinations were performed on a 10-detector scanner with intravenous administration of 80 ml of iodinated contrast (300 mg @entity1496 /ml) at a flow rate of 5 ml/s. A total of 71 renal arteries, 56 main and 15 accessory, were evaluated. Arterial stenoses were classified as: grade 0 (normal artery), grade I ( @entity850 < 50%), grade II (> or = 50% and < 70%), grade III (> or = 70%), grade IV (occlusion). @entity850 > or = grade II was considered hemodynamically significant. RESULTS: The findings at MSCT and DSA were identical in 56 (78.8%) renal arteries; MSCT overestimated the degree of @entity850 in 13 (18.3%) cases. All grade III stenoses were detected at MSCT. In the diagnosis of hemodynamically significant @entity850 , MSCT had a sensitivity of 96.5%, specificity 78.5%, accuracy 85.9%, positive predictive value 75.6%, and negative predictive value 97%. CONCLUSIONS: MSCT is a good noninvasive imaging technique for the evaluation of renal vessels; it is useful for screening @entity1 with @entity8 to rule out potentially treatable vascular causes.

title: [Arteriographic correlation in 30 XXXX with @entity8 diagnosed with multislice CT].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal vascular disease', 'kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['arterial hypertension and/or kidney failure']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis', 'stenosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Pistol @entity85 of the femoral @entity135 and slipped @entity4039 can cause anterior impingement leading to @entity158 , @entity16 and eventual @entity571 . Osteoplasty of this metaphyseal prominence, with or without concomitant intertrochanteric osteotomy, using a surgical dislocation approach, can effectively treat this problem. Clinical and radiographic outcomes were assessed in 19 @entity1 who underwent osteoplasty or osteoplasty/intertrochanteric osteotomy via Ganz-type surgical dislocation with average 12-month follow-up. Preoperative and postoperative Western Ontario and @entity571 Index (WOMAC) questionnaires and radiographs were obtained and evaluated. In the osteoplasty group, 7 @entity1 improved, 4 were unchanged, and 2 worsened. In the osteoplasty/osteotomy group, 5 of 6 @entity1 improved. @entity1 with chondral flaps had less improvement. No avascular @entity39 was noted postoperatively, and all trochanteric osteotomies healed. The surgical dislocation approach, combined with osteoplasty and/or bony realignment, is a safe efficacious treatment option for symptomatic pistol @entity85 . Outcomes are worse if there is preexisting @entity16 .

title: Early results of treatment of hip impingement syndrome in slipped @entity4039 and pistol @entity85 of the femoral XXXX using the surgical dislocation technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head-neck junction']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'McMaster Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage damage']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['grip deformity']

entities_list: @entity4039 :: ('MESH:D060048', 'Disease') :: ['capital femoral epiphysis']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head-neck junction']


abstract: Studies have suggested that hypnotic requirements for general anesthesia and emergence may be influenced by gender. In this study, we examined the effect of gender on the hypnotic requirement for @entity909 ( @entity909 ) using either a volatile ( @entity2614 ) or an IV ( @entity1875 ) anesthetic. One-hundred-fifteen unpremedicated, ASA physical status I-II @entity1 , aged 18-40 yr old, received either @entity2614 by mask to a predetermined end-tidal concentration (%ET(sevo)) or @entity1875 by target-controlled infusion (effect site) while breathing spontaneously. After sufficient time for equilibration, @entity909 was assessed by lack of response to mild prodding. The up-down method of Dixon was used to determine the hypnotic target concentration at 50% response ( @entity909 (50)). No statistically significant difference in @entity909 (50) was noted between @entity1 and @entity1 for @entity2614 (0.83% +/- 0.1% and 0.92% +/- 0.09% ET, respectively). @entity1 required significantly more @entity1875 than @entity1 (2.9 +/- 0.2 versus 2.7 +/- 0.1 microg/mL, respectively). However, there was no difference in the bispectral index (BIS) at @entity909 for @entity1 or @entity1 with either hypnotic anesthetic. This investigation identified a small, statistically significant difference in hypnotic requirement at @entity909 (50) between @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity1875 but not with @entity2614 . As defined by BIS, @entity1 and @entity1 had equivalent hypnotic states at @entity909 (50), indicating that gender had no clinically significant effect on hypnotic requirements. However, BIS at a defined clinical end-point ( @entity909 (50)) was significantly different between the @entity2614 and @entity1875 groups, suggesting that neurophysiological effects of these anesthetics may be different. IMPLICATIONS: Gender affects the dosing requirements for, and response to, many drugs used in anesthetic practice. @entity909 is an early clinical marker of hypnotic drug effect. We found no significant difference to either an inhaled ( @entity2614 ) or IV ( @entity1875 ) anesthetic related to @entity1 gender.

title: The influence of gender on @entity909 with XXXX or @entity1875 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity1875 :: ('MESH:D015742', 'Chemical') :: ['propofol']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['loss of consciousness', 'LOC', 'Loss of consciousness']

answer: @entity2614 :: (MESH:C009250,Chemical) :: ['sevoflurane']


abstract: We present a case of an 80-years-old female @entity1 admitted to hospital because of recurrent @entity909 due to @entity4053 , and because of @entity101 . In view of the clinical picture (Whipple's triad) a suspicion of @entity4053 due to an @entity788 aroused. The suspicion was confirmed by a positive fast test. The test was terminated after 22 hours with a @entity413 concentration of 2.0 mmol/l (36 mg/dl) and an @entity2690 level of 16.19 microU/ml. No visual diagnostic was performed due to the lack of the @entity1 's consent, thus no diagnosis of a @entity5 could be established. @entity101 was controlled with two @entity460 channel inhibitors: @entity1855 and @entity3591 were administered orally, in doses of 120 mg and 10 mg per day, respectively. Both medications were chosen because of intolerance to other anti- @entity101 agents. During two-weeks treatment an increase of @entity413 concentrations and no hypoglycemic symptoms were observed. The @entity1 did not agree to surgical intervention and therefore she was discharged in good general condition. CONCLUSION: we observe the efficacy of @entity1855 and @entity3591 administered simultaneously in the medical treatment of endogenous hyperinsulinemic @entity4053 . Their efficacy in the medical treatment of @entity9608 requires further research.

title: [Successful pharmacological treatment of hyperinsulinemic @entity4053 with XXXX and @entity3591 --case report].

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['insulinoma of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive', 'Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor of the pancreas']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['insulinoma']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity909 :: ('MESH:D014474', 'Disease') :: ['losses of consciousness']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: Increased fibrinolysis is an important component of @entity2799 ( @entity2799 ) @entity548 diathesis. @entity2799 blasts overexpress @entity24898 (ANXII), a receptor for @entity35311 ( @entity35311 ), and plasminogen, thereby increasing plasmin generation. Previous studies suggested that ANXII plays a pivotal role in @entity2799 . ANXII binding to @entity35311 can be inhibited by @entity1255 and @entity3562 can be induced by @entity1853 supplementation. In the present study, we used an @entity2799 @entity19 model to study ANXII function and the effects of @entity3562 in vivo. Leukemic cells expressed higher ANXII and @entity35311 plasma levels (11.95 ng/mL in leukemic vs 10.74 ng/mL in wild-type; P = .004). In leukemic @entity19 , administration of @entity1853 significantly increased @entity1255 levels (49.0  mol/mL and < 6.0  mol/mL in the treated and nontreated groups, respectively) and reduced @entity35311 levels to baseline concentrations. The latter were also decreased after infusion of the LCKLSL peptide, a competitor for the ANXII @entity35311 -binding site (11.07 ng/mL; P = .001). We also expressed and purified the @entity24898 component of ANXII in Pichia methanolica. The infusion of @entity24898 in wild-type @entity19 increased @entity35311 and thrombin-antithrombin levels, and the latter was reversed by @entity1853 administration. The results of the present study demonstrate the relevance of ANXII in vivo and suggest that @entity1853 -induced @entity3562 may reverse hyperfibrinolysis in @entity2799 .

title: @entity1853 -induced @entity3562 reverts fibrinolytic pathway activation in a @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2799 :: ('MESH:D015473', 'Disease') :: ['APL', 'acute promyelocytic leukemia', 'APL coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1255 :: ('MESH:D006710', 'Chemical') :: ['homocysteine']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['methionine', 'L-methionine']

entities_list: @entity35311 :: ('18791(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['tPA', 'tissue plasminogen activator']

entities_list: @entity3562 :: ('MESH:D020138', 'Disease') :: ['hyperhomocysteinemia']

answer: @entity2799 :: (MESH:D015473,Disease) :: ['acute promyelocytic leukemia']


abstract: The paper critically analyzes available data on the nutritional and metabolic effects of total parenteral nutrition ( @entity8856 ) and enteral nutrition (EN) in cachectic @entity5 @entity1 . Only papers dealing with adult @entity5 @entity1 and providing data regarding type of @entity5 , duration of the nutritional support, and administration rate of calories and @entity1522 , validated by statistical analysis of the results, are included. The main conclusions are the following: (1) No nutritional variable worsened in @entity5 @entity1 receiving @entity8856 or EN, in conditions in which progressive deterioration of the nutritional status is the rule. (2) The nutritional variables improved by @entity8856 and EN were body weight, fat mass, and some indicators of lean body mass ( @entity1568 balance and whole body @entity972 ). Thyroxin-binding prealbumin and @entity904 -binding protein increased only with @entity8856 , whereas some immunologic indexes (complement factors and lymphocytes) improved only with EN. (3) The daily regimens which improved lean body mass and visceral proteins ranged from 35 to 55 kcal/kg and from 1.2 to 2.0 g of @entity1522 /kg for @entity8856 ; for EN it was 35 kcal/kg and 1.3 g of @entity1522 /kg. However, the enteral regimen capable of improving some immune responses included at least 42 kcal/kg and 2.3 g of @entity1522 /kg. (4) Only three randomized studies were performed to compare @entity8856 and EN, and conflicting results were obtained. Only @entity8856 showed some significant advantages with regard to weight gain, @entity1568 balance, maintenance of serum albumin levels and some mineral balances. However, the advantage of @entity8856 was not clear enough to recommend its indiscriminate use. The choice between @entity8856 and EN should always consider the functionality of the GI tract, the need for hospitalization to start a @entity8856 regimen, and the higher cost of intravenous feeding. (5) When comparing @entity8856 to a standard oral diet, the following variables improved with the nutritional support: body weight, @entity1568 balance, @entity7981 , urinary excretion, and serum levels of @entity69 , cholinesterase, thyroxin-binding prealbumin, and @entity904 -binding protein. (6) When comparing @entity8856 with @entity413 vs @entity8856 with @entity413 -lipids, no major difference was found with regard to most nutritional variables. In conclusion, nutritional support alone probably has a small role in managing a limited number of @entity5 @entity1 dying primarily because of @entity3147 or mainly suffering from nutritional deterioration. It can also have a "permissive" role in those @entity1 potentially candidate to an oncologic treatment which cannot be delivered because of a poor nutritional status.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Effects of artificial nutrition on the nutritional status of XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'advanced cancer']

entities_list: @entity904 :: ('MESH:D014801', 'Chemical') :: ['retinol']

entities_list: @entity7981 :: ('CHEBI:70959', 'Chemical') :: ['3-methylhistidine']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Upper @entity360 is one of the most frequent causes of morbidity and mortality in the course of @entity1575 . The aim of this study was to determine the independent predictors of morbidity, mortality, and survival after the first episode of @entity360 in @entity1 with @entity1575 . METHODS: In a retrospective study of 403 cirrhotic @entity1 who were admitted in the period January 1982 to December 1994 because of a first episode of @entity360 , epidemiological factors, bleeding-related variables and @entity82 -related variables that may be associated with @entity409 , mortality at 48 h and 6 weeks, and survival up to 30 June 1996 were assessed. RESULTS: Forty-five percent of @entity1 developed @entity409 , with a mortality rate of 7.4% at 48 h and 24% at 6 weeks. @entity177 , rebleeding, @entity157 , and @entity99 were independent predictors of mortality. The Kaplan-Meier method showed a median survival of 30.9+/-4.5 months (95% confidence interval 22 to 39.7 months). The cumulative percentage of survivors was 60.2% at 1 year, 33.6% at 5 years, and 14% at 10 years. In a Cox's multiple regression analysis, age, @entity99 , @entity157 , @entity1 -Pugh grade, and @entity177 were independently associated with long-term survival. CONCLUSIONS: The first episode of @entity360 in @entity1 with @entity1575 is associated with high morbidity and mortality. @entity177 , rebleeding, @entity157 , and @entity99 were independent risk factors for @entity204 .

title: Predictors of morbidity and mortality after the first episode of XXXX in @entity1575 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic and extrahepatic complications', 'hepatic and/or extrahepatic complications']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['GI bleeding', 'gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding', 'GI hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: It has been suggested that @entity984 and @entity876 mutated @entity5 might influence the phenotypic behavior of left- and right-sided @entity694 . We investigated the incidence of these mutations in left- and right-sided @entity694 and their possible influence on survival in a homogeneous group of @entity1 with @entity694 . METHODS: The @entity5 of 55 @entity1 with a sporadic Dukes' C @entity694 , all treated with adjuvant chemotherapy were analyzed for the presence of @entity984 and @entity876 mutations. Mutation detection of the @entity984 and @entity876 genes was performed on paraffin-embedded @entity5 material, using denaturating gradient gel electrophoresis. The 5-yr survival rates of @entity984 and @entity876 mutated @entity5 were analyzed regarding right-sided @entity5 (defined as @entity5 up to the splenic flexure) and left-sided @entity5 (defined as @entity5 from the splenic flexure to the rectosigmoid peritoneal reflection). RESULTS: @entity984 mutations occurred more frequently in the right colon compared to the left colon (R = 38% (10/26); L = 10% (3/29); chi2 test: p = 0.014). @entity984 mutations did not influence survival in @entity1 with right-sided @entity694 . @entity1 with @entity984 mutation-negative @entity5 in the right colon, however, had a significantly worse survival than @entity1 with left-sided @entity984 mutation-negative @entity5 (5-yr survival; R: 34% vs L: 65%, log-rank test: p = 0.007). @entity876 mutations of a possible causative nature were found in 24 @entity5 (44%). Neither the incidence (R = 42% (11/26); L = 45% (13/29)) nor the survival of @entity876 mutated @entity5 differed significantly between left- and right-sided @entity5 . Furthermore, survival of @entity1 with @entity876 mutation-negative @entity5 did not differ significantly between left- and right-sided @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: There seems to be no difference in survival rate between @entity1 with @entity984 mutated and @entity984 negative Dukes' C @entity694 ; however, @entity984 mutations are more frequently found in the right colon compared to the left colon. @entity876 mutations do not have predominance for either side of the colon, and there are no differences in survival in @entity1 with left-sided versus right-sided @entity5 . @entity1 with @entity984 -nonmutated @entity5 in the right colon did have a worse survival compared to those with such @entity5 in the left colon. This suggests that other genetic factors may play a role in @entity5 genesis in this subgroup of @entity1 .

title: Impact of @entity984 and @entity876 mutations on survival in XXXX with left- and right-sided Dukes' C @entity694 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ["Dukes' C colon cancers", 'colon tumors', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: 1. The serum concentrations of @entity165 and @entity1674 were measured before and during the treatment of @entity101 . Thirty-six @entity1 were treated with @entity918 and 29 with @entity1482 . 2. Serum @entity165 increased from 214 to 227 mg/100 ml (P less than 0.005) and @entity412 did not change during treatment with @entity918 . Serum @entity412 increased from 112 to 133 mg/100 ml (P less than 0.05) and @entity165 did not change during treatment with @entity1482 . 3. Serum lipid responses to diuretics varied among @entity1 . To identify @entity1 susceptible to larger increases, subgroup analysis was carried out. @entity1 who were younger and had lower pretreatment serum @entity165 and systolic blood pressure had larger increments in @entity165 during treatment. In these subgroups coronary risk status did not improve during therapy. 4. The incidence of @entity583 may not be reduced so long as diuretics serve as first-line drugs in the treatment of mild @entity101 .

title: Raised serum lipid concentrations during diuretic treatment of XXXX : a study of predictive indexes.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1482 :: ('MESH:D013148', 'Chemical') :: ['spironolactone']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: Bladder @entity5 in @entity1 . Epidemiological aspects and treatments, based on a series of 48 cases. Bladder @entity5 are more frequent in @entity1 than in @entity1 , in whom they present certain epidemiological, clinical and therapeutic characteristics. The authors report a retrospective study of 48 cases of @entity150 in @entity1 , observed in the urology department over a 20-year period. These @entity5 represented 4.2% of all @entity150 . The @entity1 had a mean age of 59 years (range: 29 to 77). Only one @entity1 was a smoker (2%). Haematuria was present in 93% of cases, and signs of @entity1494 were present in 60% of cases. All @entity5 were @entity1606 . The @entity5 was classified as stage 0 in 10 cases (20.9%), stage A in 15 @entity1 (31.2%), stage B in 22 @entity1 (45.8%) and stage C in 1 case (2.1%); no @entity1 (0%) were classified as stage D. Our therapeutic protocol was established as a function of the stage of @entity5 invasion. For example, superficial @entity5 were treated conservatively by transurethral resection, either alone or combined with intravesical instillation. Radical surgery was performed whenever possible for invasive @entity5 . External urinary diversion was performed in 11 cases, ureterosigmoidostomy in 3 cases and enterocystoplasty in 5 cases. The clinical course of the 15 superficial @entity5 was marked by recurrence in 5 cases, while that of the 23 invasive @entity5 was marked by local recurrence (3 cases), @entity177 (1 case) and 3 deaths.

title: [Tumors of the bladder in XXXX . Epidemiologic and therapeutic aspects. Apropos of 40 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder irritation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['transitional cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder tumour', 'bladder tumours']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of @entity249 , abortions and perinatal mortality, age at menarche and menopause in @entity66 ( @entity66 ). It was a case control study in which @entity1 and controls matched for age and sex were sent questionnaires about their fertility profile and other obstetric and gynaecological problems. All 80 @entity1 and 70 controls replied but only 68 groups could be matched for this study. The mean age of menarche in @entity1 was significantly older at 13.6 years than in controls at 12.7 years. The mean age at menopause in @entity1 and controls were 47.6 and 50.1 years respectively. The study showed the mean number of @entity1 born to @entity1 with @entity66 was significantly less at 1.9 (SD +/- 0.9) compared to 2.5 (SD +/- 1.2) in controls. Before diagnosis the mean number of @entity1 born to @entity1 was 1.4 and 1.8 in controls. After diagnosis and treatment, @entity1 had 0.5 @entity1 (SD +/- 0.9) compared to 0.7 in controls (SD +/- 1.2). It seems likely that the overall difference in fertility is due to relative @entity249 prior to diagnosis and its correction by a gluten-free diet. Significantly more conceptions amongst @entity1 with @entity66 (15%) ended in miscarriage prior to diagnosis than amongst controls (6%). After diagnosis and treatment the rate of miscarriage was similar at 7 and 12% respectively. There were 120 live babies and 7 @entity2209 to @entity1 compared with 161 live babies and 1 @entity2209 to controls. In conclusion, this study shows that @entity1 with @entity66 are subfertile and have an increased incidence of @entity2209 and perinatal @entity204 .

title: Female fertility, obstetric and gynaecological history in XXXX . A case control study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirth', 'stillbirths']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['coeliac disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1796 produce considerable morbidity, long-lasting disability, and remain a considerable challenge for clinicians and @entity1 . The objective of the study was to assess the effect of amnion-derived multipotent progenitor ( @entity860 ) cells and amnion-derived cell cytokine solution on Achilles tendon healing by using a @entity35 model. METHODS: Achilles tendons of @entity35 were exposed and transected. The distal and proximal ends were injected with either saline, amnion-derived cell cytokine solution, or @entity860 cells in a standardized fashion and then sutured by using a Kessler technique. Tendons from each group (n = 6-13) were collected at weeks 1, 2, and 4 postoperatively and assessed for material properties (ultimate tensile strength, Young modulus, yield strength, and breaking strength). Tendons were also evaluated histologically for cross-sectional area by using @entity1710 - @entity1711 and trichrome stains. RESULTS: Mechanical testing showed that the Young modulus was significantly higher in @entity860 cells-treated tendons at week 4 compared with both saline-treated and amnion-derived cell cytokine solution-treated tendons. Yield strength was significantly higher in the @entity860 cells-treated group compared with saline-treated controls at week 4. No significant differences were observed between the study groups at weeks 1 and 2. DISCUSSION: Amnion-derived multipotent progenitor cells have a positive effect on healing tendons by improving mechanical strength and elastic modulus during the healing process. The presented findings suggest the clinical utility of @entity860 cells in facilitating the healing of @entity397 tendons. Both the Young modulus and yield strengths of tendons increased significantly following treatment with @entity860 cells.

title: Amnion-derived multipotent progenitor cells improve achilles tendon repair in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity1796 :: ('MESH:D013708', 'Disease') :: ['Tendon injuries']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) is believed to be a reliable diagnostic method in assessing the activity of small-bowel @entity30 ( @entity1050 ). However, there are no scales for quantifying MRE scores that could be used in everyday clinical practice. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to construct a simple scale for assessing the activity of @entity1050 (Simple Enterographic Activity Score for @entity30 - @entity1050 ) in MRE and to investigate its clinical usefulness. @entity1 AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of MRE findings in 122 @entity1 with @entity1050 . Disease activity was assessed using the @entity1050 . The reference standard was endoscopic assessment using the Simple Endoscopic Score for @entity30 (SES- @entity1050 ). We assessed correlations between @entity1050 and endoscopic, clinical, and biochemical findings. We also proposed the @entity30 Activity Score to assess total @entity1050 activity by summarizing the colonic SES- @entity1050 and @entity1050 scores. RESULTS: In the validation group (n = 62), a significant correlation between the ileal SES- @entity1050 and ileal @entity1050 scores was noted (r = 0.72, P <0.0001). In @entity1 with isolated small-bowel @entity1050 , there was a significant correlation between @entity1050 and @entity30 Activity Index (CDAI), @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), hemoglobin (Hb), albumin, and platelet count. In @entity1 with @entity30 Activity Score correlated with CDAI, @entity1851 , ESR, Hb, and hematocrit. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1050 is a useful tool for the quantification of small-bowel @entity1050 activity assessed by MRE. The @entity30 Activity Score may be useful in assessing the progression of lesions in @entity1 with @entity1050 .

title: Simple Enterographic Activity Score for XXXX : comparison with endoscopic, biochemical, and clinical findings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Global Crohn's Disease", "Crohn's Disease", "ileocolonic CD, the Global Crohn's Disease", "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1050 :: ('MESH:D006223', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'ileocolonic CD', 'SEAS-CD']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's Disease']


abstract: HISTORY: A 92-year-old @entity1 was found by her domestic help to have suddenly sustained a left-sided weakness in her limbs 30 minutes after she had seemed perfectly well. She had undergone a total hip replacement 4 weeks previously. ADMISSION FINDINGS: Her National Institutes of @entity64 scale (NIHSS) score was 18. She had a @entity1269 with @entity51 , left-sided neglect, @entity4653 and @entity2026 . INVESTIGATIONS: @entity64 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) confirmed the suspected diagnosis of @entity1188 within the territory supplied by the right middle cerebral artery, with diffusion in the periventricular region and the cortex of the right basal temporal lobe. TREATMENT AND FURTHER COURSE: Recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) was administered intravenously. At completion of the infusion the @entity51 had lessened. The NIHSS was reduced to 6 and ultimately was 0. CONCLUSION: @entity1 older than 80 years who have sustained a @entity64 can benefit from rtPA administration. @entity64 -MRI is a valuable tool in the early diagnosis and may improve the safety of thrombolysis, especially in borderline situations such as advanced age or in the face of a closing "time window". Currently the mismatch concept (greater perfusion deficit than diffusion abnormality) does not replace the time criterion.

title: [Successful thrombolysis after an ischemic stroke in an 92-year-old XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['Health stroke', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['left hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['sensory deficits', 'neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic infarction']

entities_list: @entity4653 :: ('MESH:D004401', 'Disease') :: ['dysarthria']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['woman']


abstract: The heart is an important site for @entity715 formation and cardioembolic events are a frequent cause of @entity64 . Many cardiac factors may contribute to the risk of cardioembolism. Clinicians must be mindful that those @entity299 most likely to cause cardioembolic events include @entity955 , @entity1002 , @entity340 , and structural @entity299 . The presence of many such conditions mandates the use of specific preventive therapies. Improved diagnostic methods, particularly TEE, now allow more accurate identification and follow-up of potential cardiac sources. Embolus detection monitoring has the potential to allow in vivo identification of embolic events and offers the possibility of objective longitudinal assessment of the impact of therapy. Intravascular ultrasound is an invasive test, but it may eventually allow the most accurate evaluation of the cardiac chambers. New therapies, and new combinations of currently available compounds, may ultimately offer more specific and efficacious alternatives to prevent formation of cardiac @entity715 and subsequent cardioembolism. The importance of the heart-brain relationship in @entity64 has finally been appreciated. Improved understanding of this complex interrelationship will have great impact on clinical practice in the future.

title: XXXX and the heart.

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac abnormalities', 'cardiac disorders']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['Thrombosis']


abstract: The objective of this study was to measure @entity165 concentrations in @entity6 @entity1 at the beginning of maintenance hemodialysis treatment and to define their role as predictors of subsequent @entity204 on maintenance hemodialysis. The design of this study consisted of a prospective study of all consecutive @entity6 @entity1 newly admitted to 28 German dialysis centers between January 1985 and October 1987. The @entity1 were examined on admission and subsequently followed for 45 months on dialysis. This study included 196 @entity1 , 67 type I (43 male, 24 female, median age 49 years, range 22-73) and 129 type II (54 male, 75 female, aged 64 years, range 37-82). Lipids (total @entity165 , @entity1674 low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 @entity755 and A and anthropometric indices (body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness) were measured. The outcome was @entity204 , i.e., cardiovascular ( @entity583 , @entity944 , other cardiac causes, @entity64 ) and @entity204 during a 45-month follow-up. At the start of treatment, total @entity165 , @entity1674 LDL @entity165 , LDL/HDL ratio and @entity755 were significantly higher in diabetics than in healthy controls or @entity1 with standard primary @entity8 starting dialysis. Only minor differences were found between males and females and type I and type II diabetics. Fourty-three percent of type I and 50% of type II diabetics died, 61% from cardiovascular causes, mostly @entity583 (in 40% reinfarction) and @entity944 . On admission, diabetics subsequently dying from @entity583 had significantly higher median @entity165 than survivors, i.e., 259 versus 222 mg/dl, and higher LDL @entity165 , LDL/HDL ratio and @entity755 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Serum lipids predict XXXX in @entity6 @entity1 on maintenance hemodialysis. Results of a prospective study. The German Study Group @entity6 and Uremia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity755 :: ('338', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein B']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death', 'noncardiovascular death', 'death']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['cardiac death']


abstract: We have assessed the effect of the choice of i.v. induction agent on intubation conditions, 60 s after administration of @entity2898 0.6 mg kg-1. We studied 60 adult @entity1 , allocated randomly to one of two groups. Anaesthesia was induced with @entity680 10 micrograms kg-1 followed by thiopental 5 mg kg-1 (AT-R group; n = 30) or @entity4671 0.3 mg kg-1 (AE-R group; n = 30). Both groups received @entity2898 0.6 mg kg-1. Laryngoscopy was started 60 s later and intubation conditions were evaluated according to a standard score, which considered ease of laryngoscopy, condition of the vocal cords and reaction to intubation. In the AT-R group, overall intubation conditions were scored as excellent in 20 @entity1 , good in nine and fair in the remaining @entity1 . In the AE-R group, overall intubating conditions were excellent in 24 and good in six @entity1 . The difference between the two groups was not significant. Of the three components of the intubation score assessed, response to intubation stimulus was significantly less pronounced in group AE-R compared with group AT-R (P < 0.05): group AE-R, no reaction in 24 @entity1 , slight diaphragmatic movement in five and mild coughing in one @entity1 ; group AT-R, no reaction in 13, slight diaphragmatic movement in 14, mild coughing in two and severe coughing in one @entity1 . We conclude that @entity4671 as part of an induction regimen containing @entity680 and @entity2898 attenuated the reaction to intubation to a greater extent than @entity4490 .

title: Thiopental or @entity4671 for rapid sequence induction with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity680 :: ('MESH:D015760', 'Chemical') :: ['alfentanil']

entities_list: @entity4490 :: ('MESH:D013874', 'Chemical') :: ['thiopental']

entities_list: @entity4671 :: ('MESH:D005045', 'Chemical') :: ['etomidate']

entities_list: @entity2898 :: ('MESH:C061870', 'Chemical') :: ['rocuronium']

answer: @entity2898 :: (MESH:C061870,Chemical) :: ['rocuronium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine aspects of the epidemiology of @entity580 due to @entity7409 . Candida species are important nosocomial pathogens; however, little epidemiologic information is available. @entity1 AND METHODS: We prospectively cultured specimens from 98 @entity1 admitted to the bone marrow transplant unit and a medicine intensive care unit (ICU) of a tertiary care hospital. Specimens from hands of personnel and environmental surfaces were also cultured. Environmental cultures were done before @entity1 were admitted to a studied unit. Restriction enzyme analysis (REA) of chromosomal DNA was used as a typing system to determine the relatedness of strains. RESULTS: @entity7409 was identified from five @entity1 , six hand cultures from four hospital staff, and two environmental surfaces. All five @entity1 had negative initial cultures and acquired @entity7409 after admission to the study unit. There were no significant differences between @entity1 and control subjects in age, underlying disease, immunosuppressive therapy, and instrumentation. The duration of antibiotic therapy (median: 32.8 versus 11.8 days, p = 0.05) and the duration in the unit (means: 30.1 versus 16.1 days, p = 0.048) was longer in @entity1 than in controls. No common source was identified. REA revealed three strain types; however, one strain type was identical in four @entity1 , three staff members, and two environmental surfaces. CONCLUSION: These results suggest exogenous acquisition of @entity7409 . Based upon isolation of identical @entity1 strains of @entity7409 from inanimate surfaces before @entity1 were admitted to a study unit, there is evidence that the organism may have been acquired from the hospital environment. The principal mechanism of transmission was probably indirect contact via the hands of hospital personnel.

title: Nosocomial acquisition of XXXX : an epidemiologic study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['Candida parapsilosis', 'C. parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['nosocomial infection']

answer: @entity7409 :: (5480,Species) :: ['Candida parapsilosis']


abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate @entity1 with @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) disc derangement with its two clinical variants reciprocal clicking (RC) and chronic closed lock (CCL) with regard to the etiologic factors, previous jaw @entity130 and general (GJH) and @entity14884 ( @entity14884 ). 42 @entity1 (21 with RC and 21 with CCL) and 20 control individuals were studied. The @entity1 and controls were asked whether they had sustained any jaw @entity130 in the past and were then examined for the presence of GJH and @entity14884 , using defined criteria. @entity1 and control groups were compared. Statistical evaluation included   (2) test and paired Student's t test. Odds ratio was calculated in order to assess the relative risk of developing RC and CCL when the etiological factor was present. The results showed a significant association between RC and GJH (OR=9.6, p=0.0010) as well as @entity14884 (OR=38, p=0.0001). CCL was clearly associated with GJH (OR=7.5, p=0.0030) while its association with @entity14884 was not significant (OR=9.5, p=0.0582). No significant association with previous @entity130 was found. The results indicate that GJH is an important etiologic factor for the development of RC and CCL of the @entity1348 .

title: Hypermobility and XXXX as etiologic factors in @entity1 with disc derangements of the @entity1348 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity14884 :: ('MESH:D007593', 'Disease') :: ['local joint hypermobility', 'LJH']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the age-related occurrence of specific features of generalised @entity302 (GEA), their correlation with EEG background activity (BA), and their internal correlation. METHODS: 17,723 consecutive routine EEGs from 12,511 @entity1 were annotated and categorised into a database. The first EEG containing GEA from all 325 @entity1 with such activity were selected and categorised for GEA features. The BA was studied in multivariable fractional polynomial regression models including intervening variables. The GEA features were studied in similar models for age-dependency and internal correlation. RESULTS: High GEA-amplitude and low GEA-frequency correlated with @entity73 . The occurrence of 'irregular spike/sharp slow wave' pattern increased with age (p=0.003). Hyperventilation sensitivity was not age-related. There was no correlation between hyperventilation sensitivity and photoparoxysmal response. The age-related probability for specific GEA-types was established. CONCLUSIONS: High GEA-amplitude and low GEA-frequency correlate with @entity73 , indicating cerebral @entity409 . Hyperventilation sensitivity and photoparoxysmal response independently increase the yield of EEG. There is no age-dependency for hyperventilation sensitivity showing that an upper age threshold for hyperventilation provocation is inappropriate. SIGNIFICANCE: The results extend our understanding of GEA and help the electroencephalographer in weighing the various GEA components.

title: Characteristics of generalised XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['BA slowing']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptiform activity']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epileptiform activity']