abstract: @entity1911 is observed with higher frequency in @entity1 with @entity1264 . We report a 36 years old female with @entity1264 who developed mild @entity101 during the fourth month of pregnancy. A cesarean section was performed at 37 weeks of pregnancy. Thereafter, the @entity1 presented severe @entity101 and @entity551 crises, @entity7129 and @entity221 . No evidences of an @entity166 were found. Abdominal ultrasound examination showed a right adrenal mass of 7 x 5 cm. High levels of urinary cathecolamines confirmed the diagnosis of @entity1911 . After three weeks of @entity3159 therapy, the @entity1 was operated. During the surgical procedure, an encapsulated @entity1911 was found and excised. A right @entity8 and @entity715 were also found and a nephrectomy was done. Postoperative evolution was uneventful and the @entity1 remains with normal blood pressure levels six months after the operation.

title: [ @entity1911 and XXXX : postpartum crisis and @entity715 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal atrophy']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma', 'Pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ['von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['renal artery thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

answer: @entity1264 :: (MESH:D009456,Disease) :: ['von Recklinghausen neurofibromatosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Preeclampsia is a @entity74 of pregnancy with a heterogenous presentation, unknown cause and potential severe outcomes for both mother and @entity1 . Preeclamptic @entity1 have increased risk for @entity65 . We aimed to identify heritabilities and phenotypic correlations of @entity1468 and related conditions in the @entity1468 Family Biobank. METHODS: By applying a variance components model, a total of 493 individuals (from 138 families with increased occurrence of @entity1468 ) were classified according to 30 disease-related phenotypes. RESULTS: Of parous @entity1 , 75.7% (263/338) had experienced @entity1468 and 35.7% of @entity1 with and 22.4% without @entity1468 delivered @entity1 small for gestational age (SGA). We identified 11 phenotypes as heritable. The increased occurrence of @entity1468 was reflected by the presence [heritability ( @entity43218 )=0.60)] and severity ( @entity43218 =0.15) of @entity1468 and being born in a preeclamptic pregnancy ( @entity43218 =0.25). Other heritable phenotypes identified included SGA ( @entity43218 =0.40), chronic @entity101 ( @entity43218 =0.57), severity of @entity65 ( @entity43218 =0.31), BMI ( @entity43218 =0.60) and @entity358 ( @entity43218 =0.91). The heritable phenotype @entity1468 overlapped with SGA (P=0.03), whereas @entity358 was phenotypically correlated with @entity65 (P<0.01), SGA (P=0.02) and BMI (P=0.02). CONCLUSION: This is the first study identifying the @entity43218 of a range of health-related conditions in preeclamptic families. Our study demonstrates how refinement of phenotypes leads to better @entity43218 estimation and the identification of a biological relationship between @entity1468 and related traits.

title: Refined phenotyping identifies links between @entity1468 and related diseases in a XXXX family cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['Norwegian Preeclampsia', 'preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['complex genetic disease']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['Norwegian preeclampsia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between serious @entity458 (SPD) and the Physical and Mental Health components of Quality of Life (QOL) while controlling for @entity308 in a national sample of adults with @entity6 . METHODS: SPD was assessed in 1,659 adults with @entity6 who participated in the 2007 @entity910 ( @entity910 ). SPD was measured by the 6-item Kessler scale. @entity308 was assessed with the PHQ-2 screen. Quality of life was measured with the physical (PCS) and mental ( @entity8848 ) components of the SF-12. We used multiple linear regression to assess the relationship between SPD and quality of life while controlling for relevant covariates and @entity308 screen results to assess the independent effect of SPD on QOL above and beyond the effect of @entity308 . RESULTS: Among US adults with @entity6 , 9% had SPD and 15.4% screened positive for @entity308 . Among those with SPD, 85.8% had @entity308 and among those with @entity308 , 50.5% had SPD. In the adjusted model for socio-demographic factors and comorbidities, SPD was significantly associated with lower PCS scores (-5.51 95% CI -7.55; -3.45) and @entity8848 scores (-18.99 95% CI -20.81; -17.18). In the adjusted model that also controlled for @entity308 , SPD was still significantly associated with lower PCS scores (-3.03 95% CI -5.63; -0.43) and @entity8848 scores (-9.46 95% CI -11.67; -7.24). CONCLUSIONS: Among U. S. adults, SPD is associated with significantly diminished QOL above and beyond the effects of @entity308 . Targeted interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of SPD are needed, independent of programs to address @entity308 .

title: Relationship of serious @entity458 to quality of life in adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['Medical Care Expenditure Survey', 'MEPS']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Serotonergic ( @entity750 ; @entity750 ) mechanisms have been implicated in a number of physiological and pathophysiological processes including mood, @entity148 , and cognitive functioning. Among the many @entity750 receptor subtypes, the @entity14919 receptors ( @entity14919 -R) seem to be of particular importance in mediating these effects, and they are prime targets for a variety of psychoactive substances-from hallucinogenic drugs, through atypical antipsychotics, to anxiolytics and antidepressants. Various selective @entity14919 -R ligands induce different behavioral responses. To determine whether receptor downregulation is an essential part of anxiolytic action, levels of @entity14919 receptors were manipulated in @entity35 using a nonpharmacological approach-by the administration of an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) to @entity14919 -R. Each ASODN was injected icv between two and five times at 24-hr intervals. Control @entity35 received injections of either a scrambled oligodeoxynucleotide (ScrODN) or the vehicle only. On Day 6, @entity148 -related behavior was assessed in the elevated plus maze paradigm and performance of memory tasks in the Morris water maze. Gene transcripts were measured by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results show that compared to vehicle and ScrODN control animals, icv @entity14919 -R-ASODN administrations for 4 consecutive days (but not less) significantly @entity146 and improved memory retention performance. The reduction in @entity148 -related behavior in @entity14919 -R-ASODN @entity35 was accompanied by a decrease in @entity14919 -R-mRNA expression in the frontal cortex and in the hippocampus. Receptor downregulation has been proposed as one of the central mechanisms for anxiolytic drug actions. Antisense-mediated downmanipulation of receptors in this study, especially of @entity14919 , supports this theory.

title: Anxiolytic effect and memory improvement in rats by antisense oligodeoxynucleotide to XXXX -2A precursor protein.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['decreased anxietylike behavior']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine', '5-HT']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively evaluate perioperative @entity158 and analgesic and antiemetic use in @entity1 who underwent surgical staging for @entity1204 using traditional versus robotic-assisted laparoscopy. DESIGN: We identified @entity1 in a single institution who underwent minimally hysterectomy for @entity1204 from 2008 to 2012. @entity1 characteristics and perioperative outcomes, including analgesic and antiemetic use and @entity158 scores, were analyzed. After univariate analysis, a multivariate linear regression model was generated to determine factors associated with narcotic use in the post anesthesia care unit (PACU) (Canadian Task Force Classification II-3). SETTING: A single academic institution in the United States from 2008 to 2012. @entity1 : @entity1 undergoing total laparoscopic hysterectomy or robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy for @entity1204 . INTERVENTIONS: Laparoscopic or robotic-assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Three hundred thirty-five @entity1 were included (213 laparoscopy and 122 robotic-assisted laparoscopy). There was no difference in @entity158 scores at 0 to 6 and 6 to 12 hours after surgery; at 12 to 24 hours, robotic-assisted surgery was associated with higher median @entity158 scores (5/10 vs 4/10, p = .012). Robotic-assisted surgery was associated with a longer anesthesia time (289 vs 255 minutes, p < .001), similar antiemetic use (p = .40), and lower narcotic use in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) (1.3 mg vs 2.5 mg morphine equivalents, p = .003). There was no difference in narcotic use on the postoperative floor (p = .46). In multivariate analysis controlling for age, menopausal status, anesthesia duration, and local anesthetic use, hysterectomy type was not a significant predictor of PACU narcotic use (p = .86). CONCLUSIONS: In a retrospective analysis, a robotic-assisted approach to @entity1204 was not associated with reduced PACU narcotic or antiemetic use compared with the traditional laparoscopic approach. Twenty-four-hour narcotic and antiemetic use was also not different between the 2 approaches.

title: Postoperative Pain Scores and Narcotic Use in Robotic-assisted Versus Laparoscopic Hysterectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['Endometrial Cancer Staging']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare the outcomes of @entity1069 ( @entity1069 ) in treating large (>80  mL) in comparison with medium-sized prostate glands (50-80  mL) to determine whether size affects the outcome of @entity1069 . @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 115 @entity1 (mean age 71.5  years) diagnosed with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) attributable to @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ) refractory to medical treatment underwent @entity1069 . Group A (n = 64) included @entity1 with a mean prostate volume of 129 mL; group B (n = 51) included @entity1 with a mean prostate volume of 64 mL. @entity1069 was performed using 100- m particles. Follow-up was performed using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), quality of life (QoL), peak urinary flow rate (Qmax ), post-void residual urine volume (PVR), the International Index of Erectile Function short form (IIEF-5), @entity1486 and prostate volume measured by magnetic resonance imaging at 1, 3 and 6  months, and every 6  months thereafter. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between groups in baseline IPSS, QoL, Qmax , PVR, @entity1486 level or IIEF-5 score. The technical success rate was 93.8% in group A and 96.8% in group B (P = 0.7). A total of 101 @entity1 (55 @entity1 in group A and 46 @entity1 in group B) completed the mean (range) follow-up of 17  (12-33)  months. Compared with baseline, there were significant improvements in IPSS, QoL, Qmax , prostate volume and PVR in both groups after @entity1069 . The outcomes in group A were significantly better than in group B with regard to mean    sd IPSS (-14    6.5 vs -10.5    5.5, respectively), Qmax (6.0    1.5 vs 4.5    1.0  mL/s, respectively), PVR (-80.0    25.0 vs -60.0    20.0  mL, respectively), prostate volume (-54.5    18.0  mL [-42.3%] vs -18.5    5.0 mL [-28.9%], respectively), and QoL score (-3.0    1.5 vs -2.0    1.0) with P values <0.05. The mean IIEF-5 score was not significantly different from baseline in both groups. No major complications were noted. CONCLUSIONS: We found that @entity1069 is a safe and effective treatment method for @entity1 with LUTS attributable to @entity1067 . The clinical and imaging outcomes of @entity1069 were better in @entity1 with larger prostate glands than medium-sized ones.

title: @entity1069 for the treatment of lower urinary tract symptoms caused by XXXX : a comparative study of medium- and large-volume prostates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity1069 :: ('MESH:D053448', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic arterial embolization', 'PAE']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen (PSA)', 'PSA']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: The Swedish @entity1 included in the previous SRS brace study were invited to take part in a long-term follow-up. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of @entity1635 surgery and progression of curves from baseline as well as after maturity. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Brace treatment was shown to be superior to electrical muscle stimulation, as well as observation alone, in the original SRS brace study. Few other studies have shown that brace treatment is effective in the treatment of @entity1635 . METHODS: Of 106 @entity1 , 41 in Malm   (all Boston brace treatment) and 65 in G  teborg (observation alone as the intention to treat), 87% attended the follow-up, including radiography and chart review. All radiographs were (re)measured for curve size (Cobb method) by an unbiased examiner. Searching in the mandatory national database for performed surgery identified @entity1 who had undergone surgery after maturity. RESULTS: The mean follow-up time was 16 years and the mean age at follow-up was 32 years The 2 treatment groups had equal curve size at inclusion. The curve size of @entity1 who were treated with a brace from the start was reduced by 6 degrees during treatment, but the curve size returned to the same level during the follow-up period. No @entity1 who were primarily braced went on to undergo surgery. In @entity1 with observation alone as the intention to treat, 20% were braced during adolescence due to progression and another 10% underwent surgery. Seventy percent were only observed and increased by 6 degrees from inclusion until now. No @entity1 underwent surgery after maturity. Progression was related to @entity159 . CONCLUSION: The curves of @entity1 with @entity1615 with a moderate or smaller size at maturity did not deteriorate beyond their original curve size at the 16-year follow-up. No @entity1 treated primarily with a brace went on to undergo surgery, whereas 6 @entity1 (10%) in the observation group required surgery during adolescence compared with none after maturity. Curve progression was related to @entity44 .

title: A prospective study of brace treatment versus observation alone in XXXX : a follow-up mean of 16 years after maturity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['premenarchal status']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['immaturity']

answer: @entity1615 :: (OMIM:181800,Disease) :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: AIM: To study a natural course of @entity8883 ( @entity8883 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Follow-up clinical, laboratory and radiation examinations were made of 170 @entity1 with @entity8883 . Exocrine secretion of the pancreas was assessed by secretin-pancreozymin test. Morphological signs of @entity788 were studied in @entity1 who had died of @entity788 . RESULTS: In 24% of @entity1 @entity8883 manifested with acute attack. In 76% it was preceded with weak clinical symptoms. @entity8883 ran was complicated with @entity788 , @entity730 and @entity9007 . Pancreatic secretion was suppressed in 87% @entity1 though clinically it was evident only in 12% cases. Autopsy cases of @entity788 carried morphological markers of chronic @entity788 . CONCLUSION: Various clinical forms of @entity8883 represent stages of its development: early symptoms, recurrences, complications and decompensated failure of the pancreatic function. The presence of @entity788 in @entity1 with @entity788 causes difficulties in differential diagnosis between these diseases.

title: [Clinical course of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'pseudotumorous pancreatitis', 'pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity8883 :: ('MESH:D019512', 'Disease') :: ['AP', 'alcoholic pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcinosis']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic pseudocysts']

answer: @entity8883 :: (MESH:D019512,Disease) :: ['alcoholic pancreatitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of endothelial cells on the proliferations of granulocytic, erythrocytic and megakaryocytic progenitor cells. METHODS: @entity1 umbilical vein endothelial cells were collected within 12 hours after cesarean section and were cultured according to Jaffe's method. The @entity1 endothelial culture supernatant (HECS) harvested from primary culture medium was centrifuged. Bone marrow mononuclear cells of @entity19 were prepared and then cultured in semi-solid agar or methylcellulose with the addition of HECS. RESULTS: Colony-forming yields were increased in the culture systems with HECS. But in the systems with no HECS, exogenous @entity2841 , @entity1307 and @entity2772 added to the hematopoietic progenitor cultures were necessary to induce colony-forming. Synergistic increase in progenitor cell expansion was observed when both HECS and exogenous cytokines were added to hematopoietic progenitor cultures. CONCLUSION: 1. Endothelial cells can support the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. 2. HECS as a source of standard hematopoietic growth factors can be used in the expansion of stem cells in vitro and in the therapy of hemopathy. 3. Interactions between endothelial cells and hematopoietic stem cell or progenitors may play an important role in the regulation of hematopoiesis in vivo. 4. Endothelial cells may produce other soluble growth factors potentiating the action of a set of cytokines such as @entity2841 and @entity650 .

title: [Effect of XXXX umbilical vein endothelial cells on granulopoiesis, erythropoiesis and megakaryopoiesis in @entity19 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the value of in vivo confocal microscopy (CM) in the diagnosis of @entity24732 and pre-Descemet's membrane @entity3985 . METHODS: Case report of two @entity1 . Standard slit-lamp and ophthalmic examination and in vivo CM were performed on both @entity1 . The thickness of the @entity267 and the morphology of the corneal epithelium, stroma, endothelium, and subbasal nerves were evaluated by confocal microscopy. RESULTS: Biomicroscopy revealed bilateral, fine, dust-, and flour-like @entity231 in the corneal stroma for the @entity24732 @entity1 . In the pre-Descemet's membrane @entity3985 @entity1 , biomicroscopy showed @entity231 larger than those in the first @entity1 . Both @entity1 were then examined by in vivo CM. Confocal microscopy of the @entity24732 showed intracellular deposits throughout the stroma. In pre-Descemet's membrane @entity3985 , however, these and the extracellular deposits were observed immediately anterior to Descemet's membrane. The thicknesses of the corneas were 560 and 650 microm for Fleck and pre-Descemet's membrane @entity3985 , respectively. The surface epithelium, subbasal nerves, and endothelium showed normal morphology in both @entity1 . CONCLUSION: In vivo CM is a valuable tool in diagnosing rare @entity3985 when the final diagnosis is difficult to obtain with conventional methods.

title: In vivo confocal microscopy of @entity24732 and pre-Descemet's membrane XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['opacities']

entities_list: @entity3985 :: ('MESH:D003317', 'Disease') :: ['corneal dystrophy', 'corneal dystrophies']

entities_list: @entity24732 :: ('MESH:C563256', 'Disease') :: ['Fleck dystrophy']

answer: @entity3985 :: (MESH:D003317,Disease) :: ['corneal dystrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Total thyroidectomy is the treatment of choice for @entity259 ( @entity259 ), but the extent of neck dissection is controversial. Lymph node @entity3 , distant @entity3 , and old age are known predictors of poor survival. @entity1 : @entity1 treated for primary @entity259 at Helsinki University Hospital from 1990 to 2009 were included (n = 54). Their clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome were analysed retrospectively, these @entity1 were followed until @entity204 or their last follow-up date. RESULTS: At last follow-up (3.4-23 years), of 54 @entity259 @entity1 , 19 (35%) were disease-free, 17 (32%) were alive with disease, and 12 (22%) had died of @entity259 ; six @entity1 died of unrelated causes (11%). All disease-free @entity1 were node negative and had normal postoperative calcitonin level. Of 19 disease-free @entity1 , only four (21%) had undergone lymph node dissection. All @entity1 who died of @entity259 were Stage IV at diagnosis and died with distant @entity3 . Disease-specific five-and 10-year survival was 84% and 76.2%. @entity5 (p = 0.004), lymph node @entity3 (p < 0.001), distant @entity3 (p < 0.001), stage (p < 0.001), and elevated postoperative calcitonin (p < 0.001) significantly associated with survival. CONCLUSIONS: Lymph node @entity3 and elevated postoperative calcitonin are important prognostic factors. @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 and/or elevated postoperative calcitonin with present treatments cannot become disease-free, but most of them can live a long life with @entity3 .

title: Lymph node XXXX and elevated postoperative calcitonin: Predictors of poor survival in @entity259 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Advanced T-stage']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma', 'MTC']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) acting as negative regulators of gene expression are differentially expressed in intestinal tissues of @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ). Assessing the functions of miRNAs in @entity19 @entity1960 facilitates elucidating the role of specific miRNAs in @entity1 @entity29 . We aimed to determine the miRNA signature of several models of @entity1960 and to assess the influence of @entity766 on intestinal @entity32 . METHODS: @entity766 -deficient @entity19 and littermate controls were assessed in the standard DSS, TNBS, and @entity1961 T-cell transfer models of @entity1960 . RNAs of @entity19 colon and CD4CD45RB cells were analyzed by miRNA and mRNA microarray, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. T helper (Th) cell polarization was accessed by flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS: Alterations in miRNA expression were identified for acute and chronic DSS and @entity1960 , respectively. The expression of miRs-21, -142-3p, and -223 were distinct between DSS and TNBS models while overlap of numerous miRNAs was found. Importantly, miRs-19b, -192, and -215, that are decreased in @entity29 , were decreased in these models of @entity1960 . @entity766 , which is increased in @entity29 , was increased in @entity1960 . Furthermore, the deletion of @entity766 resulted in the exacerbation of both the TNBS and T-cell transfer models of @entity1960 . CD4CD45RB T cells from @entity766 @entity19 were prone to @entity630 polarization. CONCLUSIONS: MiRNAs are differentially expressed in both @entity1 @entity29 and @entity19 @entity1960 , with overlap of several @entity29 -associated miRNAs. The demonstration that @entity766 deletion exacerbated @entity1961 T-cell-mediated models of @entity1960 provide further evidence that miRNAs play significant roles in the pathogenesis of @entity29 .

title: Divergent Influence of @entity766 Deletion on XXXX Colitis Phenotypes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['TNBS colitis', 'colitis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['Murine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Invasive @entity364 (IFI) affecting transplant recipients are associated with increased mortality and @entity813 . OBJECTIVE: Describe the frequency, clinical features, and outcomes of IFI (except @entity19141 ) in kidney transplant recipients. METHOD: Single-center descriptive study including every kidney transplant recipient with a culture-proven or probable IFI between 2003 and 2013, according to the EORTC-MSG criteria. RESULTS: We identified 45 IFI. There were 13 cases of @entity3 ( @entity5132 : 6 and non- @entity5132 candidial spp.: 7), 11 cases of @entity57 (A.  fumigatus: 9 and A.  flavus: 2); 11 cases of subcutaneous @entity3217 (Alternaria spp.: 9, Paecilomyces @entity1096 , and Pseudallescheria @entity1096 ); 7 cases of cryptococcosis; 2 cases of @entity55 by non-Aspergillus molds (Mucor @entity1096 ); and 1 case of Geotrichum capitatum @entity55 . All @entity1 were recipients from deceased donors. Six cases occurred in the first 3 months post-transplant, 15 cases between the third and twelfth months, and 21 cases after the twelfth month. Treatment options were @entity2380 for @entity6923 , @entity5074 or @entity11794 for @entity2381 , liposomal @entity2379 for cryptococcosis, and @entity2059 plus excision or cryotherapy for subcutaneous @entity3217 . Fifteen @entity1 died (33%). Mortality rates were 15% for @entity3 , 45% for @entity2381 , 71% for cryptococcosis, 100% for non-Aspergillus molds and G.  capitatum @entity55 , and 0% for subcutaneous @entity3217 . Six @entity1 who survived (14%) started regular hemodialysis. CONCLUSION: IFI still have a high mortality and morbidity in kidney transplant recipients, as verified in this report. We reinforce the need for a high index of suspicion and prompt treatment.

title: Invasive XXXX After Kidney Transplantation: A  Single-center Experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity57 :: ('MESH:D055732', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['Candida infections']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2380 :: ('MESH:D015725', 'Chemical') :: ['fluconazole']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['C. albicans', 'C.  albicans']

entities_list: @entity2381 :: ('MESH:D001228', 'Disease') :: ['aspergillosis']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity19141 :: ('MESH:D016720', 'Disease') :: ['pneumocystis infection']

entities_list: @entity1096 :: ('6696', 'Gene') :: ['spp.: 1 and Cunninghamella spp.: 1', 'spp.: 1']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity5074 :: ('MESH:C102790', 'Chemical') :: ['voriconazole']

entities_list: @entity813 :: ('MESH:D055031', 'Disease') :: ['graft dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['itraconazole']

entities_list: @entity11794 :: ('MESH:C105417', 'Chemical') :: ['caspofungin']

answer: @entity364 :: (MESH:D009181,Disease) :: ['Fungal Infections']


abstract: @entity302 has proved to be associated with an increased standardized mortality ratio (SMR), primarily due to @entity410 -related fatalities including @entity944 ( @entity944 ). Recent studies have suggested that the surgical cure of @entity1315 ( @entity1315 ) was likely to normalize the SMR of @entity1 suffering from refractory @entity1315 . However, these studies raise a number of methodological issues, which have not always been fully addressed. Some conclusions have relied on previously reported data, indicating a SMR of approximately 5, and a @entity944 incidence of 9/1000 @entity1 -years in drug-resistant @entity302 . In fact, as shown in this review, SMR varied considerably, from 2 to 16, in the various series of @entity1 with @entity302 , whereas the average @entity944 incidence in the same populations was calculated at 3.7/1000 @entity1 -years. Other conclusions were based on the comparison of either surgically and medically treated @entity1 , or cured and non-cured operated @entity1 . In both situations, the two groups included a different proportion of excellent and poor surgical candidates. The biological differences that distinguish these two populations might explain part of the differences observed in their mortality rate, regardless of the effect of surgery. In @entity25474 involving the insula, the frontal orbital, or the frontal operculum region, might favour ictal @entity943 , central apnoea and secondary generalization, which in turn would increase the risk of @entity944 . Future studies are thus warranted to specifically address these issues.

title: Does XXXX surgery lower the mortality of drug-resistant @entity302 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['SUDEP', 'sudden unexpected death']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['TLE', 'temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['Drug-resistant epilepsy', 'refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity25474 :: ('MESH:C536956', 'Disease') :: ['particular, temporal-plus epilepsies']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Perioperative @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ) has been reported to be a significant prognostic factor for recurrence in @entity157 ( @entity157 ) @entity1 after hepatectomy. @entity1503 ( @entity3257 ) has been used to avoid perioperative @entity1503 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefit of @entity3257 before the surgery in @entity157 @entity1 . METHODOLOGY: We retrospectively analyzed 196 @entity1 undergoing hepatectomy for @entity157 between January 1991 and December 2000. @entity3257 was employed in 113 @entity1 ( @entity3257 group), and the remaining 83 @entity1 underwent hepatectomy without @entity3257 ( @entity3257 ). RESULTS: The overall survival rates in @entity1 who required @entity1503 were significantly lower than in @entity1 operated without @entity1503 (P=0.0001). The need for @entity1503 was significantly less frequent in the @entity3257 group (43 of 113, 38.1%) than in the @entity3257 (51 of 83, 61.4%) (P=0.0012). In multivariate analysis, @entity1503 and multiple HCCs were found to independently affect the overall survival. The differences of overall survival rates between the @entity3257 group and the @entity3257 were not statistically significant (P=0.1063). CONCLUSIONS: @entity3257 significantly reduced the @entity1503 requirement in @entity157 @entity1 undergoing hepatectomy. Although perioperative @entity1503 adversely affected the overall survival in @entity157 @entity1 , @entity3257 was not significantly influential on survival.

title: XXXX before hepatectomy for @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['homologous blood transfusion', 'Autologous blood storage', 'HBT']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-ABS group', 'ABS']

answer: @entity1503 :: (MESH:D006402,Disease) :: ['Autologous blood storage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Global @entity2806 -reperfusion causes delayed cell death in hippocampal CA1 (cornus ammonis 1) pyramidal neurons after reperfusion. Ischemic tolerance evoked by preconditioning (IPC) represents a phenomenon of CNS adaptation to any subsequent @entity63 . This paper was designed to describe changes in the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) protein pathways of the hippocampal area following by IPC. @entity63 was induced by a 4-vessels occlusion (4VO) and the @entity35 were preconditioned by a non-injurious @entity63 . Apoptotic markers were used to follow the degeneration process. Western blot and immunohistochemistry identified p- @entity2509 (phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase) and @entity12220 proteins in injured hippocampal areas. P- @entity2509 quantification increased after IPC and reached the highest level at 24 hours after @entity63 . Interestingly, neuroprotection induced by IPC lead to the opposite effect on MAPK/ @entity12220 , where the level was lowest at 24 hours after @entity63 . Taken together, the present study clearly demonstrates that p- @entity2509 takes part in complex cascades triggered by IPC in the selectively vulnerable hippocampal region. In addition, paper describes a crosstalk between p- @entity2509 and p- @entity12220 which occurs after preconditioning maneuver in 4VO model of global @entity63 .

title: P- @entity2509 involvement in the neuroprotection exerted by ischemic preconditioning in XXXX hippocampus subjected to four vessel occlusion.

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Genetic control of immune reactions has a major role in the development of @entity6331 ( @entity6331 ) and differs between @entity1 with @entity4789 ( @entity4789 ). Some authors think the risk of acquiring @entity6331 is associated with the HLA class II DR and DQ loci, but other views exist, due to the various HLA-typing methods and ways of grouping cases. Our goal was to determine the relations between HLA class II alleles and risk of or protection from @entity4789 in @entity1 with relatively homogeneous clinical manifestations. A total of 70 @entity4789 @entity1 under the age of 18 years were surveyed in Latvia. HLA genotyping of @entity1533 *01 to @entity1533 *18 and @entity3098 *0201-202, *0301-305, *0401-402, *0501-504, and *0601-608 was performed using polymerase chain reaction sequence-specific primers. Data for a control group of 100 healthy individuals typed for HLA by the same method were available from the databank of the Immunology Institute of Latvia. Of the @entity4789 @entity1 , 47 had @entity6331 and 8 had @entity4790 . We concluded that HLA class II @entity1533 *07- @entity3098 *0401-2 and @entity1533 *07- @entity3098 *0302 could be the risk alleles and HLA class II @entity1533 *06 and @entity3098 *0602-8, the protective ones. @entity1 with @entity339 more often had @entity1533 *07 and @entity3098 *0401-2, and @entity1 with @entity75 more often had @entity1533 *07 and @entity3098 *0302. In @entity4790 @entity1 , the @entity3098 *0401-2 allele was more frequent. Genotyping control showed a high risk of @entity4789 and @entity6331 in @entity1 with @entity1533 *01- @entity3098 *0301- @entity1533 *07- @entity3098 *0302 and @entity1533 *15- @entity3098 *0302- @entity1533 *07- @entity3098 *0303.

title: HLA class II associations with @entity6331 among clinically homogeneous XXXX in @entity1 in Latvia.

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['RHD', 'rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4789 :: ('MESH:D012213', 'Disease') :: ['RF', 'rheumatic fever']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral valve regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['multivalvular lesions']

entities_list: @entity4790 :: ('MESH:D002819', 'Disease') :: ["Sydenham's chorea"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: This single-arm, open-label, pilot study was designed to assess the efficacy and cardiovascular safety profile of daclizumab, a humanized monoclonal interleukin (IL)-2Ralpha antibody, in combination with @entity618 ( @entity2098 ), @entity1140 , and early corticosteroid withdrawal in renal transplant recipients. Seventy-nine renal allograft recipients were treated with daclizumab (1 mg/kg; five doses starting on the day before transplant and then every two weeks), @entity2098 (1 g b.i.d.), @entity1140 (0.2 mg/kg/d), and low-dose @entity617 , which was withdrawn at day 150 after transplant. The rate of acute rejection was determined at 12 months. Lipid profile, oral @entity413 tolerance, and adverse events were monitored. Of the 76 @entity1 eligible for analysis, eight (10.5%) developed biopsy-proven acute rejection (BPAR). Ten (13.2%) experienced clinical and/or BPAR. @entity288 were withdrawn completely in 91% of @entity1 at 12 months. Graft and @entity1 survival were 97.5% and 98.7% respectively. Mean total @entity165 and @entity1674 were significantly lower at 12 months post-transplant than at baseline (201 +/- 47.5 vs. 190.8 +/- 43.6 mg/dL, p = 0.005 and 196.2 +/- 133.2 vs. 144.5 +/- 76.8 mg/dL, p < 0.001, respectively). Mean hemoglobin A1c levels did not differ between baseline (5.54%) and 12 months (5.48%). New-onset @entity6 occurred in 6.6% of the non-diabetic transplanted @entity1 . The proportion of @entity1 with abnormal oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT) was 47% at 3 months and 39% at 12 months (p = NS). Daclizumab induction in combination with @entity2098 , @entity1140 , and low-dose (followed by withdrawal) prednisolone appears to be effective and safe in @entity1 receiving renal allografts. The regimen appears to be associated with a favorable cardiovascular profile.

title: Efficacy and cardiovascular safety of daclizumab, XXXX , @entity1140 , and early steroid withdrawal in renal transplant recipients: a multicenter, prospective, pilot trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['post-transplant diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosteroids']

answer: @entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']


abstract: It has been suggested a different biodevelopment in the @entity259 in pediatric age. General and pediatric surgeons from different centres has coincided to operate this kind of pediatric pathology that finally conclude the treatment in the nuclear medicine department from the reference hospital. The objectives of this revision is, to confirm de difference in @entity259 in pediatric age and to know few factors implicated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of 57 @entity1 with @entity259 , medullary and anaplastic were excluded, treated in the nuclear medicine department during the last 20 years. 28% were < 10 years old (16 cases) and 72% > 10 years old (41 cases). This 57 young @entity1 were operated in 22 hospitals and 79% by a general surgeon and 21% by pediatric surgeon. The analysis was performed with SPSS MS Windows 6.0 (chi cuadrado, t-Student-Fisher). RESULTS: There are more reinterventions in @entity1 operated by a general surgeon. There aren't differences between the number of total neck dissections between both groups of surgeons, but when is performed, the incidence of complications is significantly high. In @entity1 < 10 years old, there are more @entity3 and more surgical complications. In spite of, all @entity1 still alive. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 < 10 years old, the illness is more local aggressive and the recurrence and lung @entity3 is high, more surgical complications. We recommend to concentrate this pathology in a few hospitals to achieve more experience and to avoid complications.

title: [ XXXX :Experience 57 cases. Is there a different bio-development in pediatric age?].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer', 'differentiated thyroid cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) is a molecular cytogenetic technique that allows the entire genome of a @entity5 to be surveyed for gains and losses of DNA copy sequences. A limited number of studies reporting the use of this technique in adult @entity16663 have yielded conflicting results. In this study we performed CGH analysis on 13 malignant, 18 benign, and 1 @entity5 of indeterminate malignant potential with the aim of identifying genetic loci consistently implicated in the development and progression of @entity16663 . Tissue samples from 32 @entity1 with histologically proven @entity16663 were available for CGH analysis. CGH changes were seen in all @entity5 , 11 of 18 (61%) @entity652 , and the 1 @entity5 of indeterminate malignant potential. Of the @entity4304 , the most common gains were seen on chromosomes 5 (46%), 12 (38%), 19 (31%), and 4 (31%). Losses were most frequently seen at 1p (62%), 17p (54%), 22 (38%), 2q (31%), and 11q (31%). Of the benign @entity652 , the most common change was gain of 4q (22%). Mann-Whitney analysis showed a highly significant difference between the @entity5 group (mean changes, 7.6) and the @entity652 group (mean changes, 1.1) for the number of observed CGH changes (P < 0.01). Logistic regression analysis showed that the number of CGH changes was highly predictive of @entity5 type (P < 0.01). This study has identified several chromosomal loci implicated in adrenocortical tumorigenesis. Activation of a protooncogene(s) on chromosome 4 may be an early event, with progression from @entity2513 involving activation of oncogenes on chromosomes 5 and 12 and inactivation of @entity5 suppressor genes on chromosome @entity4050 and 17p.

title: Comparative genomic hybridization analysis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2513 :: ('MESH:C563365', 'Disease') :: ['adenoma to carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity16663 :: ('MESH:D000306', 'Disease') :: ['adrenocortical tumors']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma']

entities_list: @entity4304 :: ('MESH:D000310', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal cancers']

answer: @entity16663 :: (MESH:D000306,Disease) :: ['adrenocortical tumors']


abstract: @entity2858 protease (PR) and two drug-resistant variants--PR with the @entity28298 mutation (PR( @entity28298 )) and PR with the @entity28297 mutation (PR( @entity28297 ))--were studied using reduced peptide analogs of five natural cleavage sites ( @entity46524 , p2-NC, p6pol-PR, p1-p6 and NC-p1) to understand the structural and kinetic changes. The common drug-resistant mutations @entity28298 and @entity28297 alter residues forming the substrate-binding site. Eight crystal structures were refined at resolutions of 1.10-1.60 A. Differences in the PR-analog interactions depended on the peptide sequence and were consistent with the relative inhibition. Analog p6(pol)-PR formed more @entity3884 bonds of P2 Asn with PR and fewer @entity558 at P1' Pro compared with those formed by @entity46524 or p2-NC in PR complexes. The P3 Gly in p1-p6 provided fewer @entity558 and @entity3884 bonds at P2-P3 and more water-mediated interactions. PR( @entity28297 ) showed reduced @entity558 Waals interactions with inhibitor compared with PR, which was consistent with kinetic data. The structures suggest that the binding affinity for mutants is modulated by the conformational flexibility of the substrate analogs. The complexes of PR( @entity28298 ) showed smaller shifts of the main chain atoms of Ala82 relative to PR, but more movement of the peptide analog, compared to complexes with clinical inhibitors. PR( @entity28298 ) was able to compensate for the loss of interaction with inhibitor caused by mutation, in agreement with kinetic data, but substrate analogs have more flexibility than the drugs to accommodate the structural changes caused by mutation. Hence, these structures help to explain how @entity645 can develop drug resistance while retaining the ability of PR to hydrolyze natural substrates.

title: Molecular basis for substrate recognition and drug resistance from 1.1 to 1.6 angstroms resolution crystal structures of XXXX protease mutants with substrate analogs.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['van der Waals contacts', 'van der']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity28298 :: ('p|SUB|V|82|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V82A']

entities_list: @entity28297 :: ('p|SUB|I|84|V', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['I84V']

answer: @entity2858 :: (11676,Species) :: ['HIV-1']


abstract: PURPOSE: Traditionally, the treatment of @entity9256 involves both closed and open reduction. However, modern treatment principles increasingly tend toward open reduction and internal fixation to shorten oro-functional rehabilitation. Although this method increasingly gained popularity to date, a controversy regarding the extraoral versus the intraoral surgical approach still exists. The current study aimed to objectively evaluate the outcome of @entity9256 treatment involving open reduction and internal fixation using an intraoral approach. @entity1 AND METHODS: Consecutive @entity1 treated at the Department of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University Hospital of Zurich, between 2005 and 2012 were included. Demographic, presurgical, perisurgical, and postsurgical data were tabulated and statistically evaluated using the    test and the Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: Forty-five @entity1 could be included. Excellent postoperative results were seen in 84% (38 @entity1 ) of the total cohort. @entity260 were seen in 16% (7 @entity1 ). These 7 @entity1 had the following complications: wound dehiscence (7% [n = 3]), @entity4034 (7% [n = 3]), abscess development (4% [n = 2]), @entity39 (2% [n = 1]), and severe nonocclusion (2% [n = 1]). CONCLUSION: Present data showed that the intraoral approach for open reduction and internal fixation in @entity9256 represents a comparable surgical technique regarding @entity174 repositioning and occlusal rehabilitation. Considerably, the risk of concomitant @entity16 or even facial scarring, as demonstrated in the extraoral approach, can be neglected by using this technique. Nevertheless, each case has to be judged on its own accord as to which technique can best treat the underlying @entity174 .

title: Outcome of XXXX repair using an intraoral approach for osteosynthesis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['bone necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular damage']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity9256 :: ('MESH:D018460', 'Disease') :: ['comminuted mandibular fractures', 'comminuted mandibular fracture']

answer: @entity9256 :: (MESH:D018460,Disease) :: ['comminuted mandibular fracture']


abstract: @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) is a purine synthesis inhibitor commonly used as immunosupresive agent in transplantation. Kidney grafts undergo more or less prolonged @entity63 after harvesting which results in variable degrees of @entity63 reperfusion injury. To determine whether the inhibition of early events of cellular infiltration may influence the severity of damage induced by ischemic @entity810 , 45 @entity35 were given @entity2098 at a dose of 20mg/kg/day ( @entity2098 - @entity35 ) by gavage 2 days before (pre- @entity2098 group, n=15) or after (post- @entity2098 group, n=15) clamping the left renal artery for 40 minutes followed by rigt-sided nephrectomy. (control group, n=15) received vehicle. Serum @entity1011 (Screat) was measured daily in all groups. On the 2nd post-ischemic day Screat was significantly lower (p=0.001) in pre- @entity2098 group compared with post- @entity2098 group and control group (4 +/- 2mg/dl post- @entity2098 group vs 1.7 +/- 1.2 mg/dl pre- @entity2098 group, control group 5+/-2, p< 0.05). Kidney biopsies shown that the histologic damage was 54 +/- 28% in post- @entity2098 group vs 34+/- 22% in pre- @entity2098 group and 61 +/- 25% in control group (pre- @entity2098 vs post- @entity2098 , p NS). On the 5th day post-ischemic, @entity2098 - @entity35 showed more severe tubulointerstitial @entity39 (pre- @entity2098 group: 17 +/- 20 %, post- @entity2098 group: 33 +/- 27%) than controls (4 +/- 5%). The severity of ATN was significantly higher in post- @entity2098 group compared with controls (p=0.01). Tubulointersticial T-lymphocyte (T @entity18895 ) and monocyte (ED 1) infiltration evaluated on the 2nd post-ischemic day was less intense in group I (T CD5: 3 +/- 3, ED 1: 10 +/- 9, cel/mm2) compared to post- @entity2098 group (T @entity18895 : 10 +/- 4, ED 1: 55 +/- 40) and to control group (T @entity18895 : 10+/- 4, ED 1: 64 +/- 46). However, on the 5th post- @entity63 day, @entity2613 1 infiltration was significantly higher in post- @entity2098 group (24 +/- 18%) compared to pre- @entity2098 group (5 +/- 5, p NS) and also in pre- @entity2098 group vs control group (31 +/- 33, p< 0.05). Our results suggest that @entity2098 given before a renal @entity63 insult may reduce the severity of histologic damage resulting from @entity63 reperfusion injury.

title: [Effects of @entity618 in ischemic XXXX in @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['cold ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['Mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['Creatinine']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'rats']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute renal failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1892 represents a high proportion of @entity683 cases in some seasons (even over 50%). The @entity1892 study in General Practice (IBGP) is a multicenter study providing information about the clinical, demographic and socio-economic characteristics of @entity1 affected by lab-confirmed @entity683 or B. @entity1892 @entity1 and age-matched @entity683 @entity1 were recruited within the sentinel surveillance networks of France and @entity233 in 2010-11 and 2011-12 seasons. Data were collected for each @entity1 at the swab test day, after 9  2 days and, if not recovered, after 28  5 days. It was related to @entity1 's characteristics, symptoms at presentation, vaccination status, prescriptions of antibiotics and antivirals, duration of illness, follow-up consultations in general practice or emergency room. We performed descriptive analyses and developed a multiple regression model to investigate the effect of @entity1 and disease characteristics on the duration of illness. Overall, 774 @entity683 cases were included in the study: 419 @entity1892 cases (209 in France and 210 in @entity233 ) and 355 @entity683 cases (205 in France and 150 in @entity233 ). There were no differences between @entity683 and B @entity1 in terms of clinical presentation and number of consultations with a practitioner; however, the use of antivirals was higher among @entity1892 @entity1 in both countries. The average (median) reported duration of illness in the age groups 0-14 years, 15-64 years and 65+ years was 7.4 (6), 8.7 (8) and 10.5 (9) days in France, and 6.3 (6), 8.2 (7) and 9.2 (6) days in @entity233 ; it increased with age but did not differ by virus type; increased duration of illness was associated with antibiotics prescription. In conclusion, our findings show that @entity1892 infection appears not to be milder disease than @entity281 .

title: Striking Similarities in the Presentation and Duration of Illness of @entity683 and B in the Community: A Study Based on Sentinel Surveillance Networks in France and XXXX , 2010-2012.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza', 'influenza A']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['influenza B', 'Influenza B']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A infection']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity910 ( @entity910 ) promotes motor recovery after @entity64 in @entity1 , but its efficacy after @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) has not been investigated clinically or in the laboratory. In this study we tested whether @entity910 and a rehabilitation exercise program would @entity51 after @entity1779 in @entity35 . METHODS: @entity35 were subjected to striatal @entity1779 (via infusion of collagenase) or sham @entity64 . Seven days later, treatment began with @entity910 (8 h/d of ipsilateral forelimb restraint), rehabilitation exercises (eg, reaching, walking; 1 h/d), or both for 7 days. Some @entity35 were not treated. Motor deficits were assessed up to the 60-day survival time, after which the volume of tissue lost was determined. RESULTS: Untreated @entity1779 @entity35 made more limb slips traversing a horizontal ladder and showed an asymmetry toward less use of the contralateral paw in the cylinder test of limb use asymmetry (day 28). These @entity35 were also significantly less successful in the Montoya staircase test (days 55 to 59) of skilled reaching. Neither therapy alone provided much benefit. However, the combination of daily exercises and @entity910 substantially and persistently improved recovery. Unexpectedly, this group had a statistically smaller volume of tissue lost than untreated @entity1779 @entity35 . CONCLUSIONS: The combination of focused rehabilitation exercises and @entity910 effectively promotes functional recovery after @entity1779 , while either therapy alone is less effective. This therapy may work in part by reducing the volume of tissue lost, likely through reducing @entity194 while promoting remodeling.

title: @entity910 and rehabilitation exercises @entity51 and volume of brain injury after striatal XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'occlusive stroke']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['CIMT', 'Constraint-induced movement therapy']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['lessen motor deficits']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate and compare differences in the molecular genetics among high-risk (Ashkenazi Jews), intermediate-risk (Sephardic Jews) and low-risk (Palestinians) groups for @entity14 who live in the same geographical region. @entity1 AND METHODS: The 1995-1996 records from the Tel Aviv Medical Center and Muqased hospital (East Jerusalem) randomly identified @entity1 with @entity14 . There were 25 @entity1 from each ethnic group. Epidemiological data were obtained from interviews with the @entity1 and from their hospital charts. The levels of @entity4910 , beta-catenine, @entity5438 , @entity876 , Ki-67 and @entity1722 proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry. The main outcome measures were the association between gene expression and colorectal incidence in the different ethnic groups. RESULTS: Ashkenazi Jews have the highest rate of @entity14 , and are diagnosed at an early stage compared with Palestinians (72% and 33% of the cases are in Dukes' A and B, respectively), and, hence, this may explain the better 5-year survival rate among this group. Sephardic Jews are diagnosed at a more advanced stage, the @entity5 are poorly differentiated and they lack @entity5438 . Palestinians have significantly higher @entity4910 levels. There was a statistically significant inverse correlation between the expression of beta-catenine and @entity4910 , as well as @entity876 and @entity5438 (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Increased expression of @entity4910 , @entity876 , @entity1722 , and decreased expression of @entity5438 may be important events in the three ethnic groups with @entity14 . The lower mortality rate among Ashkenazi Jews may be partially explained by their better molecular biology profile.

title: Fighting XXXX : molecular epidemiology differences among Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews and Palestinians.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1722 :: ('2064', 'Gene') :: ['Her-2/neu', 'Ki-67, beta-catenine and Her-2/neu']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: This study investigated the relationship between psychosocial factors and the decisional consideration of genetic testing of hereditary @entity694 . Attitudes and beliefs about genetic testing, @entity148 and @entity308 levels, coping style, and optimism were used as psychosocial independent variables. Sixty-two registrants (61% males and 39% females) of the Hereditary Gastrointestinal Cancer Registry of the Queen Mary Hospital in Hong Kong completed a mail survey. Mean age of the respondents was 42 years (SD = 9.92 years, range: 18-68 years). Correlational analyses and regression analyses were used to examine the relationships between the dependent and independent variables. @entity1 were concerned about the well-being and reactions of their significant others even more than their own well-being in their decisional consideration processes. Those who had higher perceived risks of being a mutated carrier and higher @entity308 levels tended to emphasize more on the negative consequences of learning the test results and sharing them with relatives. Besides, those who believed that having @entity5 was attributable to personal (e.g., stress) rather than environmental factors considered that the negative consequences were relatively more important than the positive gains in sharing their results with relatives. Our @entity1 tended to be relational or interdependent oriented in their decisional consideration processes related to genetic testing of @entity694 . This result is consistent with the established interdependent orientation of Chinese. @entity1 with higher risk perception focused more on the negative consequences of genetic testing. Psychological counseling might help these @entity1 to cope with their concerns about being diagnosed as gene carriers after genetic testing.

title: Decisional consideration of hereditary XXXX genetic test results among Hong Kong chinese adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']


abstract: Increased oxidation of @entity3363 and free @entity1718 is a well-known phenomenon during cold stress. Nevertheless, sources of the fuels used have not been fully clarified as yet. Thus, the aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of acute cold exposure on lipid and @entity1735 metabolism in @entity1 subcutaneous adipose tissue and to identify the possible regulatory mechanisms involved. Ten volunteers were exposed for 30 min to an ambient temperature of 4 degrees C. Interstitial metabolism was assessed with the aid of the microdialysis technique. Lipolysis intensity was evaluated from changes of @entity653 concentration in plasma and in dialysate. Cold exposure induced a significant increase of @entity653 concentration both in plasma (by 199 +/- 16%, p < 0.01) and in dialysate ( @entity10991 +/- 58%, p < 0.001). No changes in @entity413 concentration were found whether in plasma or in the dialysate. @entity1068 concentration in dialysate increased (148 +/- 15%, p < 0.01), indicating a slower blood flow in the subcutaneous region. Plasma concentrations of various gluco- and/or lipid-regulatory hormones remained unaffected by the cold exposure, except for @entity1063 , which rose about threefold (309 +/- 41%, p < 0.001). The data indicate an important role for subcutaneous adipose tissue in mobilization of free @entity1718 during cold exposure. This process seems to be regulated by the sympathetic nervous system, whereas hormones involved in the regulation of lipid metabolism, such as @entity1425 , insulin, @entity701 , and @entity2124 , may play a less significant role-at least under the conditions studied.

title: Endocrine regulation of subcutaneous fat metabolism during cold exposure in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity3363 :: ('MESH:D002241', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrates']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether @entity1593 ( @entity1593 ) associated with type 1 @entity6 increases the risk of microvascular complications. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: @entity1 (n = 56,514) aged >10 years with @entity6 duration <20 years from 392 centers in Germany and Austria were assigned to one of three categories (n): no @entity1593 (50,933), biopsy-confirmed @entity1593 (812), or suspected @entity1593 (4,769; clinical diagnosis or positive antibodies). The confirmed and suspected groups were combined and analyzed for @entity989 or @entity8 . Cox proportional hazards regression was used to adjust for potential confounders (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c], age at @entity6 onset, sex, smoking, @entity2299 , and @entity101 ). RESULTS: Kaplan-Meier analysis revealed that @entity989 and @entity8 occurred earlier in the presence versus absence of @entity1593 : @entity989 at age 26.7 years (95% CI 23.7-30.2) in 25% of @entity1 with @entity1593 vs. age 33.7 years (33.2-34.4) in 25% without @entity1593 , and microalbuminuria at age 32.8 years (29.7-42.5) vs. 42.4 years (41.4-43.3). The adjusted risk for both @entity989 (hazard ratio 1.263 [95% CI 1.078-1.481]) and @entity8 (1.359 [1.228-1.504]) was higher in @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity1593 versus those without @entity1593 . Cox regression revealed @entity1593 as an independent risk factor for microvascular complications after adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1593 is an independent risk factor for @entity989 and @entity8 in @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 . Our study therefore supports the recommendation for regular serologic testing for @entity1593 , even in the absence of clinical @entity1593 . Further prospective studies are required to investigate whether a gluten-free diet might reduce the risk of @entity74 in @entity1 with @entity6 and @entity1593 .

title: Microvascular Complications in Childhood-Onset Type 1 Diabetes and Celiac Disease: A Multicenter Longitudinal Analysis of 56,514 XXXX From the German-Austrian DPV Database.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity1593 :: ('MESH:D002446', 'Disease') :: ['celiac disease', 'CD']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular disorders']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: @entity12097 ( @entity3229 -y) agonists ( @entity12721 ) are widely prescribed for the treatment of @entity6 . Recently, @entity3229 -y agonists have shown neuroprotective effects in @entity179 . The current study was carried out to investigate the effects of chronic administration of @entity12098 , a @entity3229 -y agonist, on @entity73 in a @entity19 model of @entity195 induced by @entity5591 . @entity5591 was administered in a dose of 1mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.). Cognitive functions were assessed using step-down latency (SDL) on a passive avoidance apparatus and escape latency in Morris water maze test. @entity12098 was also investigated for its effects on parameters of oxidative stress by measuring @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) and @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) levels in the brain. @entity5591 produced significant reduction in SDL and prolongation of escape latency indicating @entity73 in @entity19 . @entity12098 (20 and 40 mg/kg, i.p.), administered for 21 days, showed significant dose-dependent improvement in @entity5591 -induced dysfunctions in long-term and @entity2414 in passive avoidance and Morris water maze tests, respectively. Furthermore, @entity12098 significantly prevented the fall in @entity2197 levels and elevation in brain @entity1865 levels induced by @entity5591 . These results demonstrate that @entity12098 offers protection against @entity5591 -induced dysfunctions in long-term and @entity2414 , possibly due to its antioxidant action, and therefore, could have a therapeutic potential in @entity195 .

title: Improvement in long term and @entity2414 following chronic @entity12098 in @entity19 model of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12097 :: ('19016(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type-II diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone', 'Pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['reduced glutathione']

entities_list: @entity12721 :: ('MESH:D045162', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazolidinediones']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorders']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity5591 :: ('MESH:D012601', 'Chemical') :: ['Scopolamine', 'scopolamine']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['visuo-spatial memory']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: AIM: @entity542 is associated with an acute phase response which is characterized by leucocytosis due to increased levels of @entity2922 and @entity701 . Early @entity4 formation following severe @entity542 may also be associated with microglia activation. Therefore, increased white blood cell (WBC) count after @entity542 may be a predictive parameter of the severity of @entity542 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively studied 59 @entity1 with severe, moderate and minor injury between February 2007 and March 2009. WBC counts of all @entity1 were obtained within the first day of their admission. All @entity1 were divided into separate groups according to their Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) scores and hospital stay durations. Their CT progressions and Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) scores were also assessed. The relationship between these parameters and WBC counts were evaluated by statistical methods. RESULTS: There was a favorable correlation between WBC counts of the @entity1 and GCS scores (pI0.01), hospital stay (p=0.006), CT progression (p < 0.01) and GOS scores (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: AWBC count exceeding 17.5 x 106/l has a predictive value for poor GCS score, and long hospital stay. CT progression tends to be seen in @entity1 with moderate and severe @entity542 .

title: Predictive value of leucocytosis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['Head trauma', 'head trauma', 'head injury', 'craniocerebral trauma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head trauma']


abstract: In nine @entity1 with trigeminal @entity9 after @entity128 , we examined prospectively the effect of peripheral @entity653 neurolysis on abnormal @entity158 . In the @entity158 facial skin area of these @entity1 , we found increased temperature and tactile thresholds and the presence of abnormal temporal summation of @entity158 . In seven @entity1 , @entity9 was peripheral and disappeared after application of local anaesthesia at or proximal to the site of @entity128 . @entity9 was central in two @entity1 , and unresponsive to local anaesthesia applied proximal to the site of @entity128 . Six weeks after injection of @entity653 proximal to the site of @entity128 , no or marginal @entity158 relief was found in 8 @entity1 with peripheral or central trigeminal @entity9 . On the other hand, in one of the @entity1 with peripheral trigeminal @entity9 , @entity653 was given at the site of @entity128 , and produced total @entity158 relief for the whole observation period of 7 months. In this @entity1 , @entity158 relief was associated with normalisation of abnormal temporal summation of @entity158 , which was not observed in the 8 @entity1 with no or marginal @entity158 relief. No further changes in temperature or tactile thresholds were found in any of the 9 @entity1 after a single injection of absolute @entity653 . @entity158 relief in one of the @entity1 probably is related to the ability of @entity653 to inhibit ongoing ectopic impulse generation at the site of @entity128 . We suggest that @entity653 -induced reduction of primary afferent @entity2915 may secondarily result in down-regulation of central @entity528 . The efficacy of application of @entity653 at the site of @entity128 in @entity1 with peripheral trigeminal @entity9 may warrant further investigation. However, this prospective study does not provide evidence that application of @entity653 proximal to the site of @entity128 has a place in the treatment of trigeminal @entity9 .

title: The effect of peripheral @entity653 on trigeminal @entity9 examined by quantitative assessment of abnormal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain and sensory perception', 'pain', 'painful', 'Total pain']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal hyperexcitability']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'Neuropathic pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain and sensory perception']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Infections due to @entity328 are the major cause of adult community-acquired @entity55 , especially in elderly @entity1 with chronic medical conditions. Despite their well-documented efficacy against @entity66 and @entity204 in the elderly population, pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines are still very much underused. OBJECTIVE: A retrospective, case-controlled study was performed to investigate the impact of vaccination with a polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine, together with other risk factors, on the incidence of @entity55 and @entity204 in @entity1 in a long-stay geriatric hospital. METHODS: Subjects were 1,077 residents in a long-stay geriatric hospital in Vienna, Austria, including 359 @entity1 diagnosed as having @entity55 during the period from July 1996 to October 1998 and 718 control subjects. Two controls resident in the hospital during the same time period were matched for each case according to demographic characteristics, @entity102 , and duration of stay in the geriatric ward. The vaccination status was established for all subjects. A logistic regression analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of vaccination and the impact of other cofactors on disease and @entity204 . RESULTS: In cases and controls, 514 (47.7%) had received a pneumococcal vaccine within 2 years prior to the study. There were no differences in demographic characteristics, underlying medical conditions, or duration of stay in the hospital between vaccinated and non-vaccinated @entity1 . In @entity1 diagnosed with @entity55 , 66% were unvaccinated. Logistic regression analysis showed that vaccination significantly decreased the risk of @entity55 (odds ratio 0.279; p < 0.0001). Of the cofactors tested, only gender (lower risk in males) and @entity6 (higher risk) had any impact on disease risk and vaccine efficacy. There appeared to be a highly significant effect of vaccination, reducing the risk of all @entity204 (odds ratio 0.269; p < 0.0001) and @entity204 due to @entity55 (odds ratio 0.331; p < 0.0001). CONCLUSION: This study showed that vaccination with a polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine is effective in all groups of geriatric subjects and has a consequential value for health and well-being of elderly institutionalized @entity1 .

title: Impact of pneumococcal vaccination on morbidity and mortality of geriatric XXXX : a case-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemic disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to clarify the outcome of the ratio of the metastatic lymph nodes (RML) in @entity356 @entity1 . METHODS: The postoperative survival of 650 @entity1 with @entity356 who underwent D2 curative gastrectomy was analyzed with regard to the RML. The location, number, and RML in the N1 station and in all (N1 and N2) stations were analyzed. These data were compared from the viewpoints of staging accuracy and @entity1 survival. RESULTS: The RML was classified as follows: RML 0, no involvement; RML 1, 0 to.1; RML 2,.1 to.25; and RML 3, >or=.25. The 5-year survival rates stratified by RML were RML 0, 86%; RML 1, 68%; RML 2, 35%; and RML 3, 16%. Cox model identified all methods of classifying lymph node @entity3 as independent prognostic indicators in each calculation. However, a second Cox regression revealed that RML was the only independent prognostic factor among the three methods (P <.001). Stage migration was present in 35 cases (15%) when the number was considered. However, only 15 cases (7%) were underdiagnosed when RML was used. CONCLUSIONS: RML is a useful classification of @entity1 with @entity356 . It may prevent the phenomenon of stage migration.

title: Outcome of ratio of lymph node XXXX in @entity356 .

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastasis']


abstract: @entity62881 ( @entity62882 ), a manufacturing intermediate metabolized primarily to the known carcinogens @entity7935 and @entity9308 , has been identified as an impurity in a number of dyes and coloring agents that are components of cosmetics, food products, and pharmaceuticals. Several structural analogs of @entity62882 are carcinogenic as well. @entity62882 was selected for metabolism and @entity137 studies by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) based on the potential for @entity1 exposure, positive Salmonella data, and lack of adequate toxicological data. In the toxicology studies in @entity19 , @entity62882 exhibited properties similar to @entity7935 and @entity9308 . Because both these metabolites induce micronuclei (MN) in rodent bone marrow erythrocytes, @entity62882 was tested for induction of micronuclei in male B6C3F(1) @entity19 . @entity62882 was administered twice by @entity4336 oil gavage at 24 h intervals, at doses of 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg per day. In addition, comparative micronucleus tests were conducted with @entity7935 , @entity9308 , and a mixture of @entity7935 plus @entity9308 ; doses were based on the respective molar equivalents of each metabolite to @entity62882 . It was hypothesized that any observed increase in micronuclei seen in @entity62882 -treated @entity19 would be due primarily to the effects of the @entity7935 metabolite, as @entity7935 is a more potent inducer of chromosomal damage than @entity9308 . Results of this study showed that @entity62882 and @entity7935 were effective inducers of micronuclei, with stronger responses noted for @entity62882 at higher doses. Positive results were also obtained with the mixture of @entity7935 and @entity9308 , although the magnitude of the response was lower than for @entity62882 . @entity9308 gave a weak positive response at doses exceeding its molar equivalent to 100 mg/kg @entity62882 . Overall, the data indicated that @entity62882 is a potent inducer of micronuclei in @entity19 , and its activity appears to be closely related to the activity of @entity7935 , one of its primary metabolites. The results are consistent with a prediction of carcinogenicity for @entity62882 .

title: Micronucleus induction in @entity19 exposed to @entity62881 or its metabolites, @entity7935 and @entity9308 : implications for XXXX carcinogenicity.

entities_list: @entity62881 :: ('MESH:C402345', 'Chemical') :: ['Diazoaminobenzene']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity9308 :: ('MESH:C023650', 'Chemical') :: ['aniline', 'Aniline']

answer: @entity62881 :: (MESH:C402345,Chemical) :: ['diazoaminobenzene']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The posterior reversible @entity75 syndrome is a @entity16 characterized by @entity10 , @entity911 , @entity410 associated with identifiable areas of @entity2657 on imaging studies. The authors report the case  of a @entity1 , 33 years-old, leukodermic with a history of chronic @entity285 and @entity286 consumption, who is admitted to the emergency  department for @entity615 with about six hours of evolution and an intense @entity10  for two hours. His physical examination was remarkable for a blood pressure of 190/100 mmHg and tenderness in epigastrium. His  analytical results revealed emphasis on amylase 193 U/L and lipase 934 U/L. During the observation in the emergency department,he presented a generalized @entity410 . Abdominal ultrasonography was performed and suggestive of @entity788 withoutgallstones signals. Head computed tomography showed @entity510 and a small right frontal cortical @entity548 .  The brain magnetic resonance imaging done one week after admission showed areas of a bilateral and symmetrical T2 / FLAIR  hyperintensities in the subcortical white matter of the parietal and superior frontal regions, suggesting a diagnosis of posterior reversible  @entity75 syndrome. Abdominal computed tomography (10 days after admission) demonstrated a thickened pancreas in  connection with @entity32 and two small hypodense foci in the anterior part of the pancreas body, translating small foci of @entity39 .  The investigation of a thrombophilic defect revealed a heterozygous @entity34609 @entity556 gene mutation. The @entity1 was discharged  without neurological sequelae and asymptomatic. The follow-up brain magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the reversal of the  lesions, confirming the diagnosis.

title: Acute @entity788 and Posterior Reversible XXXX Syndrome: A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['visual  disturbances and seizures', 'tonic-clonic seizure']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological syndrome']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain radiating to the back and vomiting']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['holocranial headache', 'headache']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['Encephalopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize, the organization of health practices related to the reduction of vulnerability to childhood @entity294 . METHODS: A longitudinal study was carried out, with two interconnected transversal cuts, in 14 health services (11 health centres and 3 hospitals), located in six municipalities of Pernambuco that participated of the @entity294 Control Implementation Project coordinated by the Health State Department. The data collection was performed through observation, interviews with professionals and mothers of the @entity1 , and clinic histories revision. RESULTS: Overall, there was a high proportion of @entity1 who either did not get consulted or had to wait for a long time after their arrival at the health service. No orientation was given on the use of oral rehydration salts at home; little advice on the signs and symptoms of an aggravating episode was given, an elevated number of drugs were prescribed to the @entity1 with @entity294 ; and there was high degree of omission to record the @entity1   hydration status and the treatment offered. The educational practice is systematic only in 3 services, and only in these services there is delegation of activities to the nursing team and articulation with community health agents. On the 2nd phase of the study, one of the few changes identified was a discrete increase in weight measurement and its recording on a Chart. However, in the intervention period 69.6% of the health team members noticed an improvement on the pediatric assistance. CONCLUSIONS: The results reveal the great deficiency of the evaluated services in operating educational and healing activities related to @entity294 control. So the observed practices concerning the attention to the @entity1 have contributed to increase childhood vulnerability, which shows the need to reorganize disease control actions, among the myriad of other actions related to this social group.

title: [Organization of health practices and vulnerability to childhood XXXX ]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea', 'Diarrhoea']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Improvements in the understanding of intrahepatic anatomy and radiographic technology have facilitated a segment-oriented approach to liver resection. This approach involves the resection of isolated anatomic segments or sectors of the liver as dictated by the extent of the intrahepatic pathology. Segment-oriented resection allows maximal conservation of normal liver parenchyma while clearing @entity5 . This report describes the technical features and the results of a prospective evaluation of segmental and sectoral resections in the treatment of @entity99 . STUDY DESIGN: @entity1 with @entity99 that were treated with a segment-oriented hepatic resection were identified from a prospective clinical data base. After undergoing segment-oriented liver resection, the @entity1 were followed at regular intervals. Recurrent disease was the end point of the study. Followup is reported at a median of 12 months. This review outlines the technique of resection, intraoperative events, operating time, @entity190 , and the ability to obtain negative resection margins. RESULTS: During the 5-year period between July 1992 and July 1997, 400 @entity1 underwent liver resection for metastatic @entity157 ( @entity157 ). During this period, 79 @entity1 (20%) were treated with a segment-oriented resection. These @entity1 represent the study group for this report. The overall mortality rate was 2.5%; all postoperative @entity204 occurred in @entity1 with @entity157 and @entity82 . Overall morbidity was 26%. The median hospital stay was 8 days. Mean transfusion requirements were 1.0 +/- 0.3 U of packed red blood cells. @entity1 with @entity157 showed a greater transfusion requirement than did @entity1 without @entity157 : 2.7 +/- 1.2 U versus 0.6 +/- 0.2 U (p < 0.05). Of the @entity1 without @entity157 , 17% required transfusion. During the 12-month median followup period, the overall disease recurrence rate was 23%. Disease recurred at the hepatic-resection margin in 2.5% of the @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Segmental resection is a safe technique that allows complete resection of @entity96 with preservation of normal liver parenchyma. Segmental resection is particularly useful for @entity1 with @entity157 and @entity1 undergoing repeat liver resections or bilobar resections.

title: Segment-oriented hepatic resection in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'neoplasms and hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['malignant hepatic neoplasms']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['malignant neoplasms of the liver']


abstract: BACKGROUND:: Neonatal exposure to general anesthetics may pose significant neurocognitive risk. @entity1 epidemiological studies demonstrate higher rates of @entity4207 among @entity1 with multiple, but not single, exposures to anesthesia. The authors employ a @entity35 model to provide a histological correlate for these population-based observations. The authors examined long-term differences in hippocampal synaptic density, mitochondrial density, and dendritic spine morphology. METHODS:: Twenty male @entity35 pups (n = 5/condition) were exposed to 2.5% @entity2614 under one of four conditions: single 2-h exposure on postnatal day 7 (P7); single 6-h exposure on P7; repeated 2-h exposures on P7, P10, and P13 for a cumulative 6 h of general anesthetics; or control exposure to 30% @entity26 on P7, P10, and P13. RESULTS:: Repeated exposure to general anesthetics resulted in greater synaptic loss relative to a single 2-h exposure (P < 0.001). The magnitude of synaptic loss induced by three 2-h exposures (1.977    0.040  m [mean    SEM]) was more profound than that of a single 6-h exposure (2.280    0.045  m, P = 0.022). Repeated exposures did not alter the distribution of postsynaptic density length, indicating a uniform pattern of loss across spine types. In contrast, mitochondrial @entity137 was best predicted by the cumulative duration of exposure. Relative to control (0.595    0.017), both repeated 2-h exposures (0.479    0.015) and a single 6-h exposure (0.488    0.013) were associated with equivalent reductions in the fraction of presynaptic terminals containing mitochondria (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION:: This suggests a "threshold effect" for general anesthetic-induced @entity2359 , whereby even brief exposures induce long-lasting alterations in neuronal circuitry and sensitize surviving synapses to subsequent loss.

title: Long-term Effects of Single or Multiple Neonatal XXXX Exposures on @entity35 Hippocampal Ultrastructure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning disability']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity2614 :: (MESH:C009250,Chemical) :: ['Sevoflurane']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of combining application of @entity1138 and/or amnion transplantation when carrying out pterygium resection. METHODS: Pterygium resection, @entity1138 application and amniotic membrane transplantation were carried out in three combinations: Pterygium resection plus local application of @entity1138 ( @entity1139 group, n=114), Pterygium resection plus amnion transplantation (AMT group, n=119) and Pterygium resection plus @entity1138 application and amniotic membrane transplantation (combined group, n=127). The @entity1 were followed up for 6-18 months. The healing time, the cases of recurrence and complication were recorded and analysed. RESULTS: As for the recurrence rate, it seems that the rate in the combination group (0.79%) was smaller than that in other two groups (5.26% and 6.72%), but the difference between them was insignificant. The @entity1 in the AMT group and in the combined group recovered faster than those in the @entity1139 group. The healing time of the wound in the @entity1139 group (10 +/- 2.8)d was longer than that in the AMT group (4.8 +/- 2.1) d, (P < 0.001) and that in the combined group (5.0 +/- 2.3)d, (P < 0.001). The complication rate of defect at corneal epithelium in the @entity1139 group (10.5%) was significantly higher than that in the AMT group (0%; x2 = 13.2, P < 0.001) and that in the combined group (0.8%; x2 = 211.2, P < 0.001). The @entity450 of conjunctiva and irritation symptoms in eye in the @entity1139 group were more serious than those in other two groups (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Combining application of @entity1139 and AMT together with Pterygium resection decrease the rate of complications, eases the irritation symptoms, facilitates the recovery from the operation and may decrease the recurrence of the disease.

title: [Clinical study in combining application of XXXX and amnion transplantation together with pterygium resection].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin', 'mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The applications of nanoparticles in oncology include enhanced drug delivery, efficient @entity5 targeting, treatment monitoring, and diagnostics. The "theranostic properties" associated with nanoparticles have shown enhanced delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs with superior imaging capabilities and minimal @entity137 . In conventional chemotherapy, only a fraction of the administered drug reaches the @entity5 site or @entity5 cells. For successful translation of these formulations, it is imperative to evaluate the design and properties of these nanoparticles. Here, we describe the design of ultra-small @entity3440 nanoparticles to encapsulate a radiosensitizing drug for combined chemoradiation therapy. The small size of nanoparticles allows for better dispersion and uptake of the drug within the highly vascularized @entity5 tissue. Silica nanoparticles are synthesized using an oil-in-water microemulsion method. The microemulsion method provides a robust synthetic route in which the inner hydrophobic core is used to encapsulate chemotherapy drug, @entity1205 while the outer hydrophilic region provides dispersibility of the synthesized nanoparticles in an aqueous environment. @entity1205 is commonly used for treatment  of  resistant or metastatic @entity263 , and is known to have radiosensitizing properties. Here, we describe a systematic approach for synthesizing these theranostic nanoparticles for application in @entity263 .

title: Radiosensitizing XXXX Nanoparticles Encapsulating @entity1205 for Treatment of @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel', 'Docetaxel']

answer: @entity3440 :: (MESH:D012822,Chemical) :: ['Silica']