abstract: UNASSIGNED: e13527 Background: Chemotherapeutic agents that have shown improved @entity1 outcome when combined with anti- @entity7 therapy were recently identified to induce the mobilization of pro-angiogenic @entity878 expressing monocytes (TEMs) and endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) by platelet-release of stromal cell-derived factor-1a (SDF-1a). @entity7 blockade was found to counteract cell mobilization. We aimed to determine why agents like @entity136 do not elicit TEM and EPC recruitment and may therefore lack synergy with anti- @entity7 therapy. METHODS: Locally advanced @entity788 @entity1 (n = 20) were monitored during 16 weeks of neoadjuvant therapy. Treatment was based on @entity136 with or without the addition of bevacizumab. Blood levels of pro-angiogenic cell populations and angiogenesis factors were determined in 2-week intervals. RESULTS: The lack of EPC mobilization during @entity136 therapy was associated with severe @entity882 and reduced SDF-1a blood concentrations. Furthermore, myelosuppression by @entity136 correlated significantly with loss of TEMs. With respect to angiogenic factors stored and released by platelets, plasma levels of the angiogenesis inhibitor @entity3499 were selectively decreased and correlated significantly with @entity882 in response to @entity136 therapy. CONCLUSIONS: A thorough literature screen identified @entity882 as a common feature of chemotherapeutic agents that lack synergy with anti- @entity7 treatment. Our results on @entity136 therapy indicate that myelosuppression (in particular with respect to thrombocytes and monocytes) interferes with the mobilization of pro-angiogenic cell types targeted by bevacizumab and may further counteract anti-angiogenic therapy by substantially reducing the angiogenesis inhibitor @entity3499 .

title: The role of myelosuppression in synergy between chemotherapy and anti- XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VEGF']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) in @entity1 with stable @entity301 is unknown. We sought to determine whether the 6MWT predicted @entity65 in ambulatory @entity1 with @entity301 . METHODS: We measured 6MWT distance and treadmill exercise capacity in 556 outpatients with stable @entity301 from September 11, 2000, through December 20, 2002. @entity1 were followed up for a median of 8.0 years for @entity65 ( @entity712 , @entity583 , and @entity204 ). RESULTS: Cardiovascular events occurred in 218 of 556 @entity1 (39.2%). @entity1 in the lowest quartile of 6MWT distance (87-419 m) had 4 times the rate of events as those in the highest quartile (544-837 m) (unadjusted hazard ratio, 4.29; 95% CI, 2.83-6.53; P < .001). Each SD decrease in 6MWT distance (104 m) was associated with a 55% higher rate of @entity65 (age-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.35-1.78). After adjustment for traditional risk factors and @entity299 severity measures (ejection fraction, inducible @entity63 , @entity67 , @entity1472 -terminal portion of the prohormone of @entity3876 , and @entity1851 ), each SD decrease in 6MWT was associated with a 30% higher rate of @entity65 (hazard ratio, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.10-1.53). When added to traditional risk factors, the 6MWT resulted in category-free net reclassification improvement of 39% (95% CI, 19%-60%). The discriminative ability of the 6MWT was similar to that of treadmill exercise capacity for predicting @entity65 (C statistics both 0.72; P = .29). CONCLUSIONS: Distance walked on the 6MWT predicted @entity65 in @entity1 with stable @entity301 . The addition of a simple 6MWT to traditional risk factors improved risk prediction and was comparable with treadmill exercise capacity.

title: Six-minute walk test as a prognostic tool in stable XXXX : data from the heart and soul study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3876 :: ('4879', 'Gene') :: ['brain-type natriuretic peptide']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic adrenalectomy (LA) is the standard treatment for benign @entity75 . The laparoscopic approach has also been increasingly accepted for adrenal metastases but remains controversial for @entity1636 ( @entity1636 ). In a retrospective cohort study we compared the outcome of LA versus @entity1538 ( @entity1538 ) in the treatment of stage I and II @entity1636 . METHODS: This was a double cohort study comparing the outcome of @entity1 with stage I/II @entity1636 and a @entity5 size <10 cm submitted to LA or @entity1538 at Lille University Hospital referral center from 1985 to 2011. Main outcomes analyzed were: postoperative morbidity, overall survival, and disease-free survival. RESULTS: Among 111 consecutive @entity1 operated on for @entity1636 , 34 met the inclusion criteria. LA and @entity1538 were performed in 13 and 21 @entity1 , respectively. Baseline @entity1 characteristics (gender, age, @entity5 size, hormonal secretion) were similar between groups. There was no difference in postoperative morbidity, but @entity1 in LA group were discharged earlier (p < 0.02). After a similar follow-up (66    52 for LA and 51    43 months for @entity1538 ), Kaplan-Meier estimates of disease-specific survival and disease-free survival were identical in both groups (p = 0.65, p = 0.96, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: LA was associated with a shorter length of stay and did not compromise the long-term oncological outcome of @entity1 operated on for stage I/II @entity1636  <= 10 cm @entity1636 . Our results suggest that LA can be safely proposed to @entity1 with potentially malignant @entity75 smaller than 10 cm and without evidence of extra-adrenal extension.

title: Long-term survival after adrenalectomy for stage I/II @entity1636 ( XXXX ): a retrospective comparative cohort study of laparoscopic versus open approach.

entities_list: @entity1538 :: ('MESH:D005902', 'Disease') :: ['open adrenalectomy', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['adrenal lesions']

entities_list: @entity1636 :: ('MESH:D018268', 'Disease') :: ['ACC', 'adrenocortical carcinoma']

answer: @entity1636 :: (MESH:D018268,Disease) :: ['ACC']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The prevalence of @entity302 is about 0.5-1%, and approximately 70% of @entity1 are cured with first anti- @entity302 drugs and the remaining @entity1 need multiple drugs. @entity4481 as an add-on therapy has a postive effect on refractory @entity410 in adults. To the best of our knowledge, there is no research with this drug in childhood @entity302 . We use @entity4481 in @entity1 with refractory @entity410 as an add-on therapy. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of @entity4481 in the @entity410 for @entity302 . MATERIAL _ METHODS: Forty @entity1 with refractory @entity410 who were referred to Mofid @entity1 's Hospital and Hazrat Masoumeh Hospital were selected. A questionnaire based on @entity1 record forms, demographic data (age, gender,   ), type of @entity410 , clinical signs, EEG record, imaging report, drugs that had been used, drugs currently being used, and the number of @entity410 before and after @entity4481 treatment was completed. We checked the number of @entity410 after one and four months. RESULTS: After one month, 26.8% of @entity1 had more than a 50% reduction in @entity410 and 14.6% of these @entity1 were @entity410 -free; 12.2% had a 25-50% reduction; and approximately 61% had less than a 25% reduction or no change in @entity410 . After the fourth month, 34.1% of @entity1 had more than a 50% reduction in @entity410 and 24.4% of these @entity1 were @entity410 -free. Additionally, 65.9% of @entity1 had less than 50% reduction in @entity410 (9.8% between 25-50% and 56.1% less than 25% or without improvement). CONCLUSION: We recommend @entity4481 as an add-on therapy for refractory @entity410 (except for @entity410 ) for @entity1 .

title: @entity4481 in childhood XXXX : a clinical trial study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4481 :: ('MESH:C080245', 'Chemical') :: ['Pregabalin', 'pregabalin']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'reduction of seizures', 'seizures', 'myoclonic seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['active epilepsy', 'refractory epilepsy', 'epileptic', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: Local invasion and metastatic spread to distant sites are major causes of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity5 . Since appropriate in vivo models do not exist, little is known about the underlying mechanisms of @entity5 growth and invasion. We, therefore, developed an animal model of @entity5 and established organotropic metastatic variants of PC12 @entity35 @entity1911 cells. PC12 cells were established as xenografts to BALB/c NCR-NU @entity19 . Subsequent to development of @entity5 or @entity3 , primary cultures from @entity5 , @entity3 to lymph nodes, lungs and liver were established. These were subcultured in vitro and reinjected for up to five successive in vivo/in vitro cycles. Xenografted PC12 cells grew @entity5 with a doubling time of 6.78 +/- 0.58 days during log phase of @entity5 growth, killing hosts within 5-12 weeks depending on the experimental conditions. Tumors reproducibly metastasized to lymph nodes and the lung. Spontaneous @entity3 to the liver were not observed, but were achieved by intrasplenic injection of parent PC12 cells. In vitro, the metastatic cell lines displayed striking differences in morphology, overall growth patterns and nutritional requirements as well as binding to purified extracellular matrix proteins compared to the parent cell line. In vivo, the metastatic variants showed marked enhancement of metastatic ability. This is the first report of PC12 @entity35 @entity1911 cells to exhibit the malignant phenotype in vivo. We also established variant PC12 cell lines that preferentially metastasized to specific sites and that had acquired different in vitro behavior and ability to metastasize. This unique model system should be useful for further studies relating to the invasion and @entity3 of @entity1911 and may prove valuable for investigations of novel antineoplastic therapies in vitro and in vivo.

title: A unique allogenic model of @entity3 : PC12 @entity35 XXXX xenografts to @entity19 and establishment of @entity3 -derived PC12 variants.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1911 :: ('MESH:D010673', 'Disease') :: ['pheochromocytoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'malignant pheochromocytoma', 'local tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity1911 :: (MESH:D010673,Disease) :: ['pheochromocytoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The eye occupies 0.1% of the total body surface yet it accounts for 8-13% of battle @entity130 in modern warfare worldwide. Protective eyewear can prevent over 90% of these @entity4858 in both military and civilian settings. This study presents an analysis of a military casualty database and describes the proportion and distribution of @entity4858 among Israel Defense Force (IDF) Soldiers. METHODS: All @entity130 @entity1 recorded in the IDF @entity130 Registry (ITR) in whom @entity4858 related to combat or to training was documented were reviewed. RESULTS: There were 129 @entity1 with @entity4858 sustained during combat or training between 1997 and 2013: 75% of @entity130 were related to combat and the remainder occurred during training. Penetrating @entity130 accounted for 74% of combat related @entity130 and 28% of training related @entity130 . Sixty-six percent (66%) of these casualties were subsequently re-classified as no longer fit for combat duties. Combat related @entity130 resulted in a higher incidence of severe @entity130 compared to training related @entity130 (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Despite optimal medical care, the majority of soldiers who sustain @entity4858 during military service suffer from @entity717 and most are no longer fit for combat service. A majority are discharged from military service. Protective eyewear could potentially prevent penetrating @entity1949 which are the most common cause of injury. Further research on optimal orbital protection is critical for both the military and the civilian sectors.

title: XXXX in the Israeli Defense Force: "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure"

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['fragmental wounds']

entities_list: @entity4858 :: ('MESH:D005131', 'Disease') :: ['eye injuries', 'ocular injury', 'documented eye injury']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['substantial disability']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injuries', 'fragmental injuries', 'Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity4858 :: (MESH:D005131,Disease) :: ['Eye injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: To investigate the clinical effect of treatment with @entity9206 La-5 and @entity9207 (Probio-Tec AB-25) to maintain remission in @entity1 with @entity31 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity31 in remission - including proctitis and at least one relapse within the last year were randomised (2:1) in a double-blind placebo-controlled study to Probio-Tec AB-25 or placebo for 52 weeks. The @entity1 were evaluated clinically, endoscopically and histologically at entry and if relapsing. No other medication for @entity31 than the study drug was allowed during the study. Primary endpoint was maintenance of clinical remission, secondary endpoints comparisons of days to relapse, and safety and tolerability of the study drug. The concentrations of the probiotic bacterial strains in stool were analysed in a subset of @entity1 . RESULTS: Thirty-two @entity1 were randomised. Twenty @entity1 received Probio-Tec AB-25 and twelve @entity1 received placebo. Five @entity1 (25%) in the Probio-Tec AB-25 group and one @entity1 (8%) in the placebo group maintained remission after 1 year of treatment (p=0.37). The median time to relapse was 125.5days (range 11-391 days) in the probiotic group and 104 days (range 28-369 days) in the placebo group respectively, (p=0.683). Probio-Tec AB-25 was overall well tolerated. CONCLUSIONS: In this small randomised placebo-controlled trial no significant clinical benefit of Probio-Tec AB-25 could be demonstrated in comparison with placebo for maintaining remission in @entity1 with @entity31 . A difference may be achieved in larger studies, but the clinical significance of this would be questionable. This study was registered in ClinicalTrial.gov (NCT00268164).

title: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial with @entity9206 La-5 and XXXX for maintenance of remission in @entity31 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'left-sided ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity9206 :: ('1579', 'Species') :: ['Lactobacillus acidophilus']

entities_list: @entity9207 :: ('552531', 'Species') :: ['Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12']

answer: @entity9207 :: (552531,Species) :: ['Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12']


abstract: 1. The patch-clamp technique, both cell attached and inside-out patches, was used to examine the effects of @entity17230 (LBK) and @entity3365 on ion channels in cultured Colony 29 epithelial cells derived from a @entity1 @entity420 . 2. LBK and @entity3365 applied directly to the intact cell stimulated the opening of a number of types of ion channel including @entity141 -activated K+ channels. 3. By use of inside-out patches, anion channels could be stimulated to open by application of protein kinase A and @entity855 to the cytosolic surface. @entity141 -activated K+ channels were also identified in isolated membrane patches. 4. The results suggest that the anion secretion which is stimulated by LBK is a complex event, involving the activation of a number of different types of ion channel, and that part of the response is the result of hyperpolarization of the cell by activation of @entity141 -activated K+ channels. From the data presented in this and the accompanying papers it appears that the @entity141 -sensitive K+ channels would be equally effective in either the apical or basolateral membranes.

title: Activation of ion channels by XXXX in the HCA-7 colony 29 @entity1 @entity420 cell line.

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity17230 :: ('MESH:D007609', 'Chemical') :: ['lysylbradykinin']

answer: @entity17230 :: (MESH:D007609,Chemical) :: ['lysylbradykinin']


abstract: @entity157 ( @entity157 ) is a highly prevalent and lethal @entity5 . Several studies have shown that @entity157 is the main cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity82 . A better knowledge of the natural history of the @entity5 and the development of staging systems has allowed to refine the prognosis of the @entity1 . The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer system (BCLC) has become the preferred staging system since it takes into account the @entity5 characteristics, the degree of @entity409 and the physical performance. It has been endorsed by several scientific associations and research consortia as it does not just define prognosis, but, more interestingly, it links staging with prognosis assessment and treatment recommendation. Curative therapies such as resection, transplantation and ablation can improve survival in @entity1 diagnosed at an early @entity157 stage and may offer a long-term cure with overall survival that may exceed 70% at 5 years. @entity1 with intermediate stage @entity157 benefit from chemoembolization and proper selection of candidates permits a 50% survival at 3-4 years. Finally, @entity1 diagnosed at an advanced stage benefit from @entity2857 , an oral available, multikinase inhibitor with antiangiogenic and antiproliferative effects. Current research efforts are aimed at further refining prognosis prediction through molecular profiling and enhanced clinical characterization. At the same time, better knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of @entity5 should result in a further improvement of the current life expectancy of @entity1 .

title: Treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver impairment']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'Hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: The in vivo microdialysis methodology was used to assess the effect of @entity1024 ( @entity143 ) receptor ligands on @entity2227 ( @entity367 ), @entity492 ( @entity2574 ) and @entity11224 ( @entity1246 ) extracellular levels in the striatum of anaesthetized @entity35 , after damage to the @entity935 (DA) nigrostriatal pathway by injections of different doses of @entity2955 ( @entity2955 ) seven days earlier. The @entity2955 treated @entity35 were divided into two groups, corresponding to animals with 20-80% (partial) and 85-99% (extensive) striatal DA tissue depletion, respectively. In @entity35 with partial DA depletion, the striatal extracellular @entity2574 levels significantly increased after intrastriatal dialysis perfusion with @entity3390 (100 microM), an antagonist of @entity143 receptors. In addition, a change in the pattern of local @entity143 (500 microM)- induced efflux of @entity2574 was observed in the striatum of these @entity35 . However, in these partially DA-depleted striata no changes were found in basal extracellular levels of @entity367 , @entity2574 and @entity1246 or in @entity143 - and @entity3390 -mediated effluxes of @entity367 and @entity1246 relative to striata from sham @entity35 . In contrast, @entity35 with extensive striatal DA depletion exhibited a significant increase in @entity2574 and @entity1246 extracellular striatal levels, after intrastriatal dialysis perfusion with @entity143 . In addition, the @entity3390 -mediated stimulation of extracellular @entity2574 levels was accentuated along with the appearance of a @entity3390 mediated increase in extracellular striatal @entity367 . Finally, basal extracellular levels of @entity2574 , but not of @entity367 and @entity1246 , were found to increase in extensive DA-depleted striata when compared to sham and partially DA-depleted striata. Thus, a differential regulation of basal and @entity143 receptor-mediated release of transmitter @entity1522 occur seven days after partial and extensive DA-depleted striatum by @entity2955 -induced lesions of the nigrostriatal DA pathway. These findings may have implications as regards the participation of @entity143 receptors in the compensatory mechanisms associated with the progress of @entity191 , as well as in the treatment of this @entity16 .

title: Differential regulation of @entity2227 , @entity492 and XXXX release by @entity1024 receptors in @entity35 striatum after partial and extensive lesions to the nigro-striatal dopamine pathway.

entities_list: @entity11224 :: ('CHEBI:30566', 'Chemical') :: ['gamma-aminobutyrate']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-OH-DA', '6-hydroxydopamine']

answer: @entity11224 :: (CHEBI:30566,Chemical) :: ['gamma-amino-butyrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Treatment of @entity234 ( @entity234 ) is far from satisfactory. There is an urgent need for a therapy that is efficacious, safe, affordable, and of short duration. METHODS: A randomized open-label study was conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of 2 regimens of @entity17998 administered intramuscularly. Group A received 11 mg/kg/day for 14 days (n = 217) and group B received 11 mg/kg/day for 21 days (n = 112) for the treatment of @entity234 in India. RESULTS: Mild grade injection site @entity158 was the most common adverse event. There was no nephrotoxicity, but 4 @entity1 in group A had to discontinue treatment because of grade 3 elevation of hepatic enzymes. Initial cure was observed in 91.2% and 96.4% of @entity1 in group A and group B, respectively. Definitive cure at 6 months of follow up was seen in 82% of @entity1 in group A and 92% of @entity1 in group B by intention-to-treat analysis and in 84.3% of @entity1 in group A and 92.8% of @entity1 in group B by per protocol analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Although the cure rate in the group of @entity1 who received the 14-day regimen was not optimal, the results with respect to initial cure were encouraging. Further studies that combine a short course of @entity17998 with treatment with another antileishmanial agent are warranted. ( ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT00629031).

title: Short-course XXXX treatment of @entity234 in India: 14-day vs 21-day treatment.

entities_list: @entity17998 :: ('MESH:D010303', 'Chemical') :: ['paromomycin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity234 :: ('MESH:D007898', 'Disease') :: ['VL', 'visceral leishmaniasis']

answer: @entity17998 :: (MESH:D010303,Chemical) :: ['paromomycin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of laparoscopy in the management of early stage @entity1204 . METHODS: Fifty-two @entity1 with @entity1204 who underwent surgical staging consisting of total hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection, and cytology between 1998 to 2002 were included in the study. Laparotomy and laparoscopy were randomly offered to @entity1 upon admittance. RESULTS: Of 52 @entity1 , 26 underwent laparotomy and the remaining 26 underwent laparoscopic staging surgery. No significant difference existed between the demographic characteristics of the 2 groups. The mean number of harvested lymph nodes was 18.2 in the laparoscopic group and 21.1 in the laparotomic group (P>0.05). Pelvic lymph node @entity3 were detected in 7.7% of the @entity1 in the laparoscopy group and 15.4% in the laparotomy group, and the difference was not significant. Adjuvant radiotherapy was applied later to 42.3% of the laparoscopy group and 38.5% of the laparotomy group. Operative morbidity was higher in the laparotomy group mainly because of @entity6081 , and the @entity1 in the laparotomy group had a longer hospital stay. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic surgery is a method that can be applied as well as laparotomy in the management of @entity1204 . Lymph node number and detection of lymph node @entity3 did not differ significantly in laparotomic and laparoscopic approaches. @entity2737 were more frequent in laparotomies.

title: Laparoscopy or laparotomy for the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity6081 :: ('MESH:D013530', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative wound infection']

entities_list: @entity2737 :: ('MESH:D014946', 'Disease') :: ['Wound infections']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: Concomitant neonatal suprarenal @entity548 and @entity521 is rare. The clinical and radiologic manifestations recorded in 11 @entity1 with this entity are compared with the findings in 32 cases with @entity548 . Because of the many similarities in presentation the combined lesion must always be considered when a neonate is found to have a retroperitoneal, extra-renal mass. Our present approach to the investigation includes conventional chest and abdominal radiography aimed to demonstrate possible paravertebral widening. Serial ultrasonographies are easy to carry out and indispensable. The low specificity of urography makes us refrain from this modality as a routine. Scintigraphy, in @entity1 and @entity1 considered useful in demonstrating extent and spread of @entity521 , has hardly been employed in neonates. The true value of the modality in this particular age group remains to be settled. CT scanning does not seem to provide essential information additional to that of sonography and may therefore be excluded from the protocol. Determination of urinary excretion of @entity2922 metabolites is of crucial significance and a compulsory part of the investigation.

title: Suprarenal haematoma versus @entity521 complicated by XXXX . A diagnostic dilemma in the newborn.

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['simple adrenal haemorrhage', 'haemorrhage']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['haemorrhage']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4593 Purpose: @entity2247 inhibitors have also been shown to have anti-neoplastic effects in a variety of @entity5 types including @entity263 . This trial evaluated the efficacy of @entity2247 inhibitor @entity12698 in PSA-recurrent @entity263 after radiation therapy (XRT) or radical prostatectomy (RP). METHODS: 24 @entity1 with rising PSA after definitive XRT (n=4) or RP (n=20) were treated with @entity12698 at 400 mg/day (n=12) or 800 mg/day (n=12) (bid dosing). PSA levels were obtained at 3, 6, and 12 months after initiation of treatment. Data was evaluated by calculating 1) PSA doubling times (PSADT) and 2) slope of logPSA vs. time before and after @entity12698 treatment at each time point. @entity251 levels were also obtained. RESULTS: 22 of 24 (92%) @entity1 had an inhibitory effect on their serum PSA after 3 mos of treatment: 8/24 had a decline and 3/24 had stabilization of their PSA. Of the remaining 13 @entity1 , 11 had slowing of their PSADT - mean increase (i.e. slowing) in PSADT of 4.5-fold from pre-treatment. Only 2 @entity1 (12%) had no initial change in their PSADT at 3 mos., yet both @entity1 eventually showed increase of PSADT (2.2-fold and 4.0-fold) by 12 mos. Short-term responses at 3 mos. continued at 6 and 12 mos. of treatment. There was a significant shift of @entity1 with rapid towards slower/stable PSADT at all time points (p = 0.008) (table). Comparison of rate of PSA rise before vs. after @entity12698 treatment showed significant flattening of mean slope of logPSA vs. time from pre-treatment (1.48) vs. 3 mos. (0.09), 6 mos. (0.35) and 12 mos. (0.46) (p < 0.05 for each time point), There was no significant change in @entity251 levels suggesting an @entity342 -independent mechanism. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2247 inhibitors may decrease serum PSA levels in @entity1 with biochemical progression after XRT or RP. These results suggest that @entity2247 inhibitors may help delay disease progression in these @entity1 . [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase II trial of XXXX in PSA recurrent @entity263 after definitive radiation therapy or radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone', 'Testosterone']

entities_list: @entity12698 :: ('MESH:C105934', 'Chemical') :: ['celecoxib']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity12698 :: (MESH:C105934,Chemical) :: ['celecoxib']


abstract: @entity934 -induced currents were measured in dissociated muscle fibres from the @entity19 interosseus. Fast and slow desensitization could be distinguished, the latter ending in a steady-state current. The time constants of the two phases of current decrease and the steady-state current were decreased when the superfusing solution contained di- or trivalent cations in addition to the 0.2 mM @entity1025 present in the control solution. When @entity141 , @entity1025 or @entity11329 was added at the time at which the current had settled to a near steady-state, there was a fall of current, the time course of which was much faster than that during desensitization. The amplitude and the time course of current change were nearly the same for @entity141 and @entity1025 , showing that the effect was not specific for any particular cation. No evidence of intracellular action of the cations was found. The [ @entity1617 ]-current relationship was shifted to a higher [ @entity1617 ] by raising [ @entity1025 ] or [ @entity11329 ]. Recovery of the ability to react to @entity1617 was slowed by increasing [ @entity11329 ], but the initial recovery of fast and slow time constants of desensitization was not much changed. Recovery was impeded by the presence of a low (conditioning) [ @entity1617 ]; this effect was enhanced by @entity11329 . It was concluded that the effects of polyvalent cations are similar to those of non-specific blockers.

title: Comparison of the effects of @entity141 and those of XXXX and @entity11329 on endplate currents in @entity19 interosseus muscles.

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1025 :: (CHEBI:18420,Chemical) :: ['Mg2+']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of @entity2194 and @entity227 among new @entity1 at the eye clinic of Hospital Sultan Haji Ahmad Shah, Temerloh, Pahang. METHOD: In this cross-sectional prospective study, 1081 new @entity1 were examined over a period of six months. Age, gender, ethnicity, visual acuity and diagnosis were noted from the medical records. RESULTS: Out of 1081 examined, 607 (56.1%) were males, 783 (72.4%) were Malays. The mean age of @entity1 was 45.2 years (ranging from one month to 91 years). @entity231 (248, 22.9%) was the most common @entity2194 , followed by @entity989 (124, 11.5%) and @entity2194 (106, 9.8%). Majority of the @entity1 (48) suffering from @entity2194 had @entity5744 . In 85 premature @entity1 screened for @entity989 , 19 showed different stages of @entity989 . @entity227 was noted in 89 (8.2%) @entity1 , severe @entity227 in 12 (1.1%) and @entity1939 in 35 (3.2%); vision could not be determined in 85 premature @entity1 (7.9%). @entity231 was singled out as the cause of severe @entity227 in 11 out of 12 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Health education at primary health centres and availability of eye specialists in all the district hospitals will facilitate the rehabilitation of @entity227 and blind @entity1 by providing early treatment for eye problems (specifically prescription for spectacles, medical treatment and @entity231 surgery with intraocular lens implantation).

title: Prevalence of @entity2194 and XXXX among the rural population - a case study of temerloh hospital.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infants', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['eye diseases', 'eye disease', 'ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visually impaired', 'Visual impairment', 'visual impairment']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract', 'Cataract']

entities_list: @entity5744 :: ('MESH:D005547', 'Disease') :: ['foreign body cornea']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy', 'retinopathy of prematurity', 'retinal diseases']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visual impairment']


abstract: The exercise intensity associated with an elevated but stable blood @entity880 (HLa) concentration during constant load work (the maximal steady state, @entity2746 ) has received attention as a candidate for the "optimal" exercise intensity for endurance training. Identification of @entity2746 ordinarily demands direct measurement of HLa or respiratory metabolism. The purpose of this study was to test the ability of heart rate (HR) to identify @entity2746 during steady state exercise, similar to that used in conventional exercise prescription. Trained runners (n = 9) and cyclists (n = 12) performed incremental and steady state exercise. @entity2746 was defined as the highest intensity in which blood @entity880 concentration increased < 1.0 mM from minutes 10 to 30. The next higher intensity workbout completed was defined as > @entity2746 . HR models related to the presence or absence of steady state conditions were developed from the upper 95% confidence interval of @entity2746 and the lower 95% confidence interval of > @entity2746 . Cross validation of the model to predict @entity2746 was performed using 21 running and 45 cycling exercise bouts in a separate group. Using the @entity2746 upper 95% confidence interval model 84% and 76% of workbouts were correctly predicted in cyclists and runners, respectively. Using the > @entity2746 lower 95% confidence interval model, 76% and 81% of workbouts were correctly predicted in cyclists and runners, respectively. Prediction errors tended to incorrectly predict non-steady state conditions when steady state had occurred (16/26) (62%). We conclude that use of these simple HR models may predict @entity2746 with sufficient accuracy to be useful when direct HLa measurement is not available.

title: A simplified approach to estimating the maximal XXXX steady state.

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity86 is the most frequent complication of abdominal surgery. Therefore, we investigated the individual effects of synthetic barrier [hyaluronic acid/ @entity5224 (HA/CMC)] and pharmacologic agents [low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) @entity3840 inhibitor (COX-2 inhibitor)] using animal model of @entity1320 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cecum was rubbed with sterile @entity167 wet gauze until subserosal @entity548 and punctate bleeding developed under the general anesthesia. Five animal groups were prepared using the film HA/CMC, gel HA/CMC, LMWH and COX-2 inhibitor. RESULTS: The grade of adhesion by modified Leach method for group I (control), II (film type HA/CMC), III (gel type HA/CMC), IV (LMWH) and V (COX-2 inhibitor) were 5.35  1.8, 6.15  1.3, 4.23  2.6, 5.05  0.7 and 5.50  0.9, respectively. Group III showed the least grade of adhesion and it is statistically significant in adhesion formation (p=0.028). The numbers of lymphocytes were significantly low in group III and group V compared to the control group (lymphocyte: p=0.004). The mast cell counts were generally low except for the control group (I: 1.05, II: 0.35, III: 0.38, IV: 0.20, V: 0.37), however, it was not statistically significant (p=0.066). CONCLUSION: The gel barriers were shown to be partly efficient in inhibiting the formation of postoperative adhesions and might provide an option for abdominal surgery to reduce postoperative adhesions. The LMWH and COX-2 inhibitor had been known for their inhibitor effect of fibrin formation and anti-angiogenic/ anti-fibroblastic activity, respectively. However, their preventive effects of adhesion and @entity82 were found to be obscure.

title: Comparative study for preventive effects of @entity1320 using XXXX enzyme (COX-2) inhibitor, low molecular weight heparin (LMWH), and synthetic barrier.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5224 :: ('MESH:D002266', 'Chemical') :: ['carboxymethylcellulose']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative adhesion']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal adhesion']

answer: @entity3840 :: (5743,Gene) :: ['cyclo-oxygenase-2']


abstract: In previous experiments we implicated projections from the @entity6324 ( @entity6324 ) to a subcortical field, involving portions of the posterior caudate-putamen and amygdala, in the classical conditioning of emotional responses to acoustic stimuli in the @entity35 . In the present series of experiments we examined whether intrinsic neurons in the subcortical field mediate emotional conditioning and, if so, whether the critical neurons are contained within the amygdala or the caudate-putamen. @entity35 were prepared with a unilateral electrolytic lesion of the @entity6324 . Contralaterally, intrinsic neurons were destroyed in the subcortical field by microinjection of @entity4326 . This lesion combination leaves one @entity6324 and one subcortical field intact but disconnected. Controls received unilateral injection of @entity1391 buffer vehicle into the subcortical field contralateral to the @entity75 or were unoperated. After two weeks the animals were instrumented for continuous, computer-assisted recording of arterial pressure and heart rate and subjected to classical conditioning trials involving the presentation of a pure tone in association with foot-shock. The occurrence of the shock with respect to the tone was random for a pseudoconditioned control group. Conditioned changes in mean arterial pressure, heart rate and emotional behavior ('freezing') elicited by the tone were assessed during extinction trials. Following completion of the experiments, the @entity35 were sacrificed and their brains were removed and sectioned using standard procedures. Lesion location and size was evaluated with the assistance of a computer-based image processing system. In unoperated conditioned @entity35 the acoustic stimulus elicited increases in arterial pressure and heart rate, and induced freezing. The arterial pressure and freezing responses differed in conditioned and pseudoconditioned @entity35 , but the heart rate response did not. Therefore, only the arterial pressure and freezing responses reflect the formation of an association between the tone and shock. Destruction of intrinsic neurons in the subcortical field contralateral to a unilateral @entity75 disrupted the associative conditioning of the arterial pressure and freezing responses. These were reduced in magnitude to the level observed in pseudoconditioned @entity35 . The non-associative heart rate change was not affected by the lesions. That @entity4326 destroyed intrinsic neurons and spared fibers in the subcortical field was demonstrated anatomically and biochemically.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Intrinsic neurons in the amygdaloid field projected to by the XXXX mediate emotional responses conditioned to acoustic stimuli.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['MG lesion']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity4326 :: ('MESH:D007051', 'Chemical') :: ['ibotenic acid']

entities_list: @entity6324 :: ('MESH:D016697', 'Disease') :: ['medial geniculate body', 'MG']

answer: @entity6324 :: (MESH:D016697,Disease) :: ['medial geniculate body']


abstract: @entity5 cell nuclear DNA content of 40 biopsy imprints of @entity189 was measured by Leitz @entity57156 microspectrophotometer using scanning method. The pathological diagnosis and histological classification were done on the same specimens. By morphology, the poorly differentiated @entity957 (34 cases) could be divided into four subtypes: ordinary nucleus type (14), spindle nucleus type (5), large and pleomorphic nucleus types (12 and 3). The first two types revealed a bimodal peak DNA histogram (2C and 4C) and slightly scattering toward the right to the 8C region in some nuclear DNA. The large nucleus type showed the bimodal peaks with a broad 4C and many nuclear DNA located in the 4C-8C range. The pleomorphic nucleus type appeared as multiple low peaks diffusing between 2C-12C. The vesicular nucleus cell @entity189 (3 cases) had a double peak DNA histogram similar to the ordinary nucleus type. The undifferentiated cell @entity189 (1 case) showed a broad unimodal peak DNA, ranging from 2C to 6C. The well differentiated @entity957 (2 cases) had a double peak DNA, which was close to the normal diploid pattern but each peak was relative wide and a few DNA value located beyond the 4C region. The results indicate that DNA values showing a predominance of double peak histogram and diploid pattern imply the low grade @entity5 in its biological behavior. In contrast, those showing the aneuploid and multiploid patterns in the majority of @entity5 cells point to the high grade @entity5 . Hence, the supplementary DNA measurement of @entity189 cells can judge exactly the @entity5 and provide evidence for prognosis.

title: [Nuclear DNA content in @entity189 ( XXXX ) cells].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer', 'malignant degree of the tumor', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['NPC', 'carcinoma']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['NPC']


abstract: BACKGROUND: SWENOTECA has since 1998 offered @entity1 with clinical stage I (CS I) nonseminoma, adjuvant chemotherapy with one course of @entity1732 , @entity2879 and @entity900 ( @entity12962 ). The aim has been to reduce the risk of relapse, sparing @entity1 the need of toxic salvage treatment. Initial results on 312 @entity1 treated with one course of adjuvant @entity12962 , with a median follow-up of 4.5 years, have been previously published. We now report mature and expanded results. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a prospective, binational, population-based risk-adapted treatment protocol, 517 Norwegian and Swedish @entity1 with @entity5 received one course of adjuvant @entity12962 . @entity1 with @entity3 ( @entity3 ) in the primary @entity5 were recommended one course of adjuvant @entity12962 . @entity1 without @entity3 could choose between surveillance and one course of adjuvant @entity12962 . Data for @entity1 receiving one course of @entity12962 are presented in this study. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 7.9 years, 12 relapses have occurred, all with IGCCC good prognosis. The latest relapse occurred 3.3 years after adjuvant treatment. The relapse rate at 5 years was 3.2% for @entity1 with @entity3 and 1.6% for @entity1 without @entity3 . Five-year cause-specific survival was 100%. CONCLUSIONS: The updated and expanded results confirm a low relapse rate following one course of adjuvant @entity12962 in @entity5 . One course of adjuvant @entity12962 should be considered a standard treatment in @entity5 with @entity3 . For @entity1 with @entity5 without @entity3 , one course of adjuvant @entity12962 is also a treatment option.

title: One course of adjuvant XXXX in clinical stage I nonseminoma mature and expanded results from the SWENOTECA group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['CS I nonseminoma', 'testicular tumor']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['lymphovascular invasion', 'LVI']

answer: @entity12962 :: (CHEBI:34567,Chemical) :: ['BEP']


abstract: @entity413 is an essential source of energy for body metabolism and is transported into cells by @entity413 transporters (GLUTs). Well-characterized class I @entity25842 is subdivided into GLUTs1-4, which are selectively expressed depending on tissue @entity413 requirements. However, there is no available data on the role of GLUTs during tooth development. This study aims to clarify the functional significance of class I @entity25842 during @entity19 tooth development using immunohistochemistry and an in vitro organ culture experiment with an inhibitor of @entity60227 , phloretin, and @entity25842 and @entity41341 short interfering RNA (siRNA). An intense @entity25842 -immunoreaction was localized in the enamel organ of bud-stage molar tooth germs, where the active cell proliferation occurred. By the bell stage, the expression of @entity25842 in the dental epithelium was dramatically decreased in intensity, and subsequently began to appear in the stratum intermedium at the late bell stage. On the other hand, @entity41341 -immunoreactivity was weakly observed in the whole tooth germs throughout all stages. The inhibition of @entity60227 by @entity16802 in the bud-stage tooth germs induced the disturbance of primary enamel knot formation, resulting in the developmental arrest of the explants and the squamous metaplasia of dental epithelial cells. Furthermore, the inhibition of @entity60227 in cap-to-bell-stage tooth germs reduced tooth size in a dose dependent manner. These findings suggest that the expression of @entity25842 and @entity41341 in the dental epithelial and mesenchymal cells seems to be precisely and spatiotemporally controlled, and the @entity413 uptake mediated by @entity25842 plays a crucial role in the early tooth morphogenesis and tooth size determination.

title: XXXX uptake mediated by @entity413 transporter 1 is essential for early tooth morphogenesis and size determination of @entity19 molars.

entities_list: @entity16802 :: ('MESH:D010693', 'Chemical') :: ['phloretin']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'Glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the recovery of pancreatic function after severe @entity656 ( @entity656 ), especially the influence of necrosectomy on endocrine and exocrine functions. METHODS: Prospective cohort study including 39 @entity1 with severe @entity656 . According to need or no need for surgical necrosectomy, @entity1 were further subdivided into 2 groups. Functional pancreatic evaluation was carried out 12 months after the @entity656 episode. Endocrine function was evaluated by an oral @entity413 tolerance test and exocrine function by fecal fat excretion, fecal chymotrypsin (FQ), and @entity1062 ( @entity1062 ). RESULTS: Most of the @entity1 with necrosectomy had an abnormal exocrine pancreatic function, with @entity6123 in 25%. In the group without surgery, exocrine function was pathologic in only 13.3% and there were no cases of @entity6123 . Endocrine function was pathologic in 75% of @entity1 undergoing necrosectomy versus 26.7% in the nonoperated group. In this latter group, the @entity1 with abnormal endocrine function did not require insulin therapy, while in 33.3% of @entity1 in the necrosectomy group insulin was necessary. CONCLUSIONS: In our homogeneous series of severe @entity656 , @entity73 significantly pancreatic endocrine and exocrine function. On the other hand, most @entity1 with the same origin and severity index, but without surgical debridement, maintained normal pancreatic function.

title: Pancreatic function after severe XXXX : the role of necrosectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['ABP', 'acute biliary pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['necrosectomy impaired']

entities_list: @entity6123 :: ('MESH:D045602', 'Disease') :: ['steatorrhea']

entities_list: @entity1062 :: ('MESH:D013736', 'Disease') :: ['secretin-cerulein tests', 'SCT']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity656 :: (MESH:D019283,Disease) :: ['acute biliary pancreatitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Port-site @entity3 is an extremely rare event in @entity1 with @entity5 treated with robotic-assisted surgery. However, as robotic procedures are increasing, the incidence of port-site metastases might also increase. The purpose of our review is to evaluate the up-to-now existing literature data on robotic port-site @entity3 in the field of gynecological oncology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The authors retrieved the included results of the study after performing a systematic search in PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library. RESULTS: In total, 20 @entity1 were included in the study. The mean age of them was 56.3 (range 27-82) years. In the majority of the cases, @entity1204 was responsible for port-site recurrences. The port-site @entity3 occurred after 1-36  months postoperatively with the @entity5 measuring from 0.8 to 10.5  cm. As far as the management of this type of local recurrence, the most common therapeutic strategy adopted was the local excision followed by combined radiotherapy/chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Robotic surgery is a rather new technique and port-site @entity3 is a rare complication of it. Due to this fact, we could not reach safe conclusions. The purpose of this study was to raise doctor's clinical suspicion level to such a rare complication. Additional studies should be performed with the intention to clarify both port-site @entity3 rates in gynecological oncology @entity1 , as well as to elucidate the possible mechanisms of this type of local recurrence.

title: Port-site metastases in XXXX with gynecological @entity5 after robot-assisted operations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Extra-neural @entity3 from @entity463 ( @entity463 ) are rare. Because gelatinases-A and -B have been implicated in @entity5 invasion/ @entity3 in @entity5 , we compared the expression of gelatinase-A and -B in 2 @entity1 (both had a prior craniotomy performed) with extraneural @entity3 from @entity463 to expression levels in 24 other @entity11 ; 15 non-metastatic GBMs, 9 other lower grade @entity11 , and 7 normal brain tissues. METHODS: The @entity5 from both @entity1 , @entity1 # 1's extraneural @entity3 , 24 other @entity11 , 1 sample of reactive astrocytes and 7 normal brain tissues were studied using gelatin zymography. The active form of gelatinases was confirmed by co-migration after activation with APMA. RESULTS: Expression of the latent form of gelatinase-A correlated with @entity11 grade (r = 0.486; p = 0.0053). Active gelatinase-A was found only in the 2 GBMs with extraneural @entity3 and @entity1 # 1's cervical @entity3 . In contrast, latent gelatinase-B levels correlated more strongly with histologic grade (r = 0.577; p = 0.0009) (higher levels with higher grades). Very high levels of gelatinase-B were seen in both GBMs with extraneural @entity3 , a cervical extraneural @entity3 , and 2 GBMs without @entity3 . CONCLUSIONS: We observed that gelatinases-A and -B are present in most @entity11 but we found active gelatinase-A only in the GBMs with extraneural @entity3 suggesting that the active form of this enzyme may determine the metastatic potential of GBMs. We propose that high levels of gelatinolytic activities are associated with intracerebral invasion and rarely, @entity3 of GBMs.

title: High levels of gelatinase-B and active gelatinase-A in metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['non-neural tumors', 'tumor', 'intracerebral tumor']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma multiforme', 'GBM']

answer: @entity463 :: (MESH:D005909,Disease) :: ['glioblastoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects and indications of total hip replacement (THR) and transplantation of vascularized bone graft in treating late @entity63 @entity39 of the femoral head. METHODS: From March 1986 to March 1993, 81 @entity1 with late @entity63 @entity39 underwent treatment. Of 81 @entity1 , 59 @entity1 who suffered in unilateral hip were divided into 2 groups: 26 underwent total hip replacement and 33 underwent transplantation of vascularized bone graft. There was no significant difference in the Harris-scores of the two groups before operations (P>0.05). The Harris hip scores were compared between different ages (<30 years, 31-50 years, and >51 years) in two groups. RESULTS: The follow-up ranged from 10 years and 3 months to 16 years and 5 months (15 years and two months on average). The changes of Harris-scores of the two groups after operations had significant difference in initial stage (P<0. 05), but had no significant difference in the long term (P>0.05). The change of Harris-scores of @entity1 who underwent total hip replacement had no significant difference between different ages (P>0.05), but that of @entity1 who underwent transplantation of vascularized bone graft had significant difference between different ages (P<0.05). Both groups had satisfactory effects in treating late @entity63 @entity39 of the femoral head. CONCLUSION: Both methods are effective in treating late @entity63 @entity39 of the femoral head. Total hip replacement can be more effective in senior @entity1 . Transplantation of vascularized bone can be more effective in young @entity1 .

title: [Comparison of total hip replacement and transplantation of vascularized bone graft in treating late XXXX @entity39 of the femoral head].

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemic']


abstract: Seven repeated cross-sectional parasitological surveys, collecting a total of 13,912 blood samples, were carried out from September 1995 to February 1998 in three irrigated @entity579 growing villages and three villages without irrigated agriculture in the area surrounding Niono, Mali. Parasite prevalence varied according to season and agricultural zone, but showed similar patterns for villages within the same zone. Overall, @entity311 prevalence was 47% in the villages without irrigated agriculture and 34% in the irrigated @entity579 growing villages. In a village in the irrigated zone, and a village in the non-irrigated zone, 1067 and 608 @entity1 up to the age of 14 years, respectively, were followed in a passive malariological study for the period of 13 months. Fevers were @entity13415 using a statistical method, taking into account the parasitaemia in afebrile controls from the cross-sectional surveys. The incidence of @entity311 fevers differed markedly between the two zones and over time. In the village in the irrigated zone, the incidence of @entity311 fevers was fairly constant over the year at 0.7 per 1000 @entity1 per day. In the village without irrigated agriculture, incidence was low during the dry season (at 0.6 per 1000 @entity1 per day), whereas it was high during the rainy season (at 3.2 per 1000 @entity1 per day). These results correspond well to the @entity311 transmission observed in a concurrent entomological survey. @entity579 cultivation in the semi-arid sub-Saharan environment altered the transmission pattern from seasonal to perennial, but reduced annual incidence more than two-fold.

title: @entity311 incidence in relation to XXXX cultivation in the irrigated Sahel of Mali.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity13415 :: ('MESH:D020969', 'Disease') :: ['attributed to malaria']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['rice']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Despite existing strategies for the treatment of @entity2553 after @entity510 , @entity2553 remains a persistent contributor to @entity204 and disability. The intracisternal application of thrombolytic agents to dissolve @entity510 has been advocated. The goal of this analysis was to assess the currently available evidence regarding the effectiveness of this treatment. METHODS: We conducted a systematic review of the published literature; all controlled trials were included. The outcomes of interest were delayed @entity51 , poor Glasgow Outcome Scale scores, and @entity204 . A formal meta-analysis was performed with a random-effects model. RESULTS: The search revealed nine trials or trial subgroups (only one of which was randomized), with a total enrollment of 652 @entity1 . Pooled results demonstrated beneficial effects of treatment, with absolute risk reductions of 14.4% (95% confidence interval, 6.5-22.5%; P < 0.001) for delayed @entity51 , 9.5% (95% confidence interval, 4.2-14.8%; P < 0.01) for poor Glasgow Outcome Scale scores, and 4.5% (95% confidence interval, 1.5-7.5%; P < 0.05) for @entity204 . Regression analysis revealed that treatment effects did not significantly differ among the studies on the basis of the type of thrombolytic agent used (tissue plasminogen activator versus urokinase) or the method of administration (intraoperative versus postoperative) (P > 0.10). Studies that enrolled only @entity1 at high risk for @entity2553 seemed to demonstrate greater treatment effects. CONCLUSION: The meta-analysis suggests a clinically relevant and statistically significant beneficial effect of intracisternal thrombolysis. However, the results of the analysis are limited by the predominance of nonrandomized studies. Further randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trials of high-risk @entity1 would be justified.

title: Does intracisternal thrombolysis prevent @entity2553 after XXXX ? A meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage', 'subarachnoid clot']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyse clinical severity/activity of @entity309 ( @entity309 ) according to smoking status. METHODS: The QUEST- @entity309 multinational database reviews @entity1 for Core Data Set measures including 28 swollen and tender joint count, physician global estimate, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), HAQ-function, @entity158 , and @entity1 global estimate, as well as DAS28, rheumatoid factor (RF), nodules, @entity2681 and number of DMARDs were recorded. Smoking status was assessed by self-report as 'never smoked', 'currently smoking' and 'former smokers'. @entity1 groups with different smoking status were compared for demographic and @entity309 measures. RESULTS: Among the 7,307 @entity1 with smoking data available, status as 'never smoked,' 'current smoker' and 'former smoker' were reported by 65%, 15% and 20%. Ever smokers were more likely to be RF-positive (OR 1.32;1.17-1.48, p<0.001). Rheumatoid nodules were more frequent in ever smokers (OR 1.41;1.24-1.59, p<0.001). The percentage of @entity1 with erosive @entity625 and @entity2760 was similar in all smoking categories. Mean DAS28 was 4.4 (SD 1.6) in non-smokers vs. 4.0 (SD 1.6) in those who had ever smoked. However, when adjusted by age, sex, disease duration, and country gross domestic product, only ESR remained significantly different among Core Data Set measures (mean 31.7mm in non-smokers vs. 26.8mm in ever smoked category). CONCLUSIONS: @entity309 @entity1 who had ever smoked were more likely to have RF and nodules, but values for other clinical status measures were similar in all smoking categories (never smoked, current smokers and former smokers).

title: Smokers and non smokers with @entity309 have similar clinical status: data from the multinational QUEST- XXXX database.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity2760 :: ('MESH:D011111', 'Disease') :: ['extra-articular disease']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['RA']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the genetic forms of follicular cell @entity259 (FCTC) ( @entity3557 (PTC and @entity6888 )), to identify criteria to individually predict the development of the same disease for relatives, and to assess the role of molecular markers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of this disease. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: One hundred and ninety adult @entity1 aged 20 to 84 years with histologically verified PTC and @entity6888 and 20 @entity1 (12 @entity1 with PTC and 8 with @entity5 ) aged 2 to 16 years were examined. To assess the role of the @entity817 gene as a molecular marker for @entity259 , DNA was isolated from the @entity259 tissue of 29 @entity1 , which had been obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) and scraping and swabbing the cytological specimen previously showing an area containing @entity5 cells. A @entity817 @entity22191 ( @entity8554 ) mutation in the FNAB specimens was tested by allele-specific ligation, followed by PCR amplification. RESULTS: The examinees' families were found to have a segregation of @entity5 and nontumor diseases (13.6%). @entity5 of different sites were observed in 15% of the @entity1 ' relatives. @entity5 were detected in 6.1% of the @entity1 and in 25% of the examined @entity1 (3/12). PTC was ascertained to accumulate as two clinical forms in the families. One form belongs to familial PTC (FPTC) in which two or three generations of relatives in the family are afflicted by only PTC and have a more severe phenotype of the disease. The other includes an association of FPTC with @entity703 . Furthermore, FPTC and PTC may be a component of multitumor syndromes, such as @entity7582 , @entity1050 , and @entity1412 . The familial hereditary forms of FCTC were generally revealed in 4.2% of the @entity1 . @entity817 v600E mutations were found in only 3 @entity1 with Stages II and III PTC and were not in all the 12 @entity1 with PTC. CONCLUSION: The found clinical manifestation of the hereditary forms of FCTC permits the identification of @entity1 at high risk for this disease. No correlation between somatic @entity817 mutations with a less favorable course in PTC can be noticed because there are few observations. Analysis of published data on the role of molecular markers in FCTC has shown that the existing specific somatic changes complement information in the differential cytological diagnosis when examining FNAB specimens.

title: [Follicular cell (papillary and follicular) XXXX , genetic inheritance, and molecular diagnostic markers].

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity7582 :: ('MESH:D018761', 'Disease') :: ['multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign thyroid tumors', 'benign thyroid tumor', 'Neoplasias', 'Multiple primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

entities_list: @entity1050 :: ('MESH:D006223', 'Disease') :: ['Cowden syndrome']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid tumor', 'thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['papillary kidney cancer']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid carcinoma']


abstract: A group of 15 normal subjects performed a maximal-exercise test on a treadmill. Arterial @entity880 measurements were related to @entity26 consumption ( @entity4962 ) in an exponential fashion (individual correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9 to 0.99). In the same subjects, minute ventilation (VE) was related to @entity4962 in an exponential fashion (individual correlation coefficients ranged from 0.98 to 1). There was a close correlation (r = 0.97, p less than 0.001) between the slope of the log of @entity880 versus @entity4962 and the slope of the log of VE versus @entity4962 . A computer program for predicting the @entity4962 corresponding to the accumulation of arterial @entity880 above the resting normal value (1.3 mM), defined as the @entity880 threshold, is described. The program is based on the slopes of the exponential relationship between @entity880 and @entity4962 and between VE and @entity4962 derived in the normal subjects. The program analyses 30-second values of @entity4962 and VE. In 28 subjects, the reproducibility of the @entity880 threshold prediction was evaluated during two exercise tests 1-7 days apart. The mean predicted @entity4962 at the @entity880 threshold was 18.6 +/- 7 ml/(kg.min) during test 1 and during test 2 it was 17.9 +/- 7.3 ml/(kg.min); r = 0.91, p less than 0.001. The corresponding values for maximal @entity4962 were 30.4 +/- 13 ml/(kg.min) and 31 +/- 13 ml/(kg.min); r = 0.99, p less than 0.001. It is concluded that this program offers a reproducible method of determining the @entity880 threshold during exercise testing employing a frequently used clinical protocol.

title: Computer analysis of @entity26 consumption and minute ventilation for the detection of the XXXX threshold.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactate']


abstract: The quality and progress of treatment for 3406 @entity1230 @entity1 was reviewed retrospectively. Two periods (1972 to 1981, the first decade, and 1982 to 1991, the second decade) were compared. Sixty-nine percent of @entity1 with @entity1230 had @entity131 , 62% thoracic @entity130 , and 86% @entity174 (40% open @entity174 ). Concerning injury combinations, there was an increase of head/extremity injuries and @entity764 , whereas all combinations with @entity3511 decreased. The relation between severity of injury as well as number of injured body regions and the mortality rate was significant. In the second decade prehospital care became more @entity146 with an increase in use of intravenous fluid resuscitation (from 80% to 98%), intubation (from 84% to 91%), and chest tube insertion (from 37% to 76%). Rescue times were progressively shortened. For initial clinical diagnosis of massive @entity548 , ultrasound (89%) nearly replaced peritoneal lavage (10%) and led to earlier surgical approach. For diagnosis of @entity542 , CT scan was used more frequently. Primary stabilization of long bone @entity174 , especially of the lower limb, is recommended. Concerning complications, the change in volume therapy helped to nearly eliminate @entity810 (from 8.4% to 3.7%), the modification of respirator treatment led to a decrease of @entity338 ( @entity649 ; from 18.2% to 12.0%), whereas the rate of @entity881 increased. The mortality rate declined from 37% in the first decade to 22% in the second decade. The incidence of lethal @entity881 increased from 13.8% in the first decade to 18.6% in the second decade, whereas the mortality rate of @entity649 decreased from 32.4% to 15.9%. Further reduction of incidents of @entity204 is only possible with causal therapy of posttraumatic organ failure immediately after injury.

title: Treatment results of @entity1 with XXXX : an analysis of 3406 cases treated between 1972 and 1991 at a German Level I @entity130 Center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral injuries']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic/extremity injuries']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple trauma']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal injuries']

answer: @entity1230 :: (MESH:D009104,Disease) :: ['multiple trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare @entity837 and @entity1090 for the treatment of @entity716 and @entity2146 associated with @entity303 , with a priori hypotheses that @entity1090 would be more efficacious for @entity716 and @entity837 for @entity2146 . METHODS: A 12-week randomized, controlled trial in nondepressed @entity1 with @entity303 hospitalized because of behavioral symptoms (N = 103) was conducted at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center. @entity1 were consecutively recruited on an inpatient unit if they had at least one moderate to severe target symptom ( @entity146 , @entity2146 , hostility, suspiciousness, @entity1833 , or delusions). Once they improved sufficiently, they were discharged to nursing homes, personal care homes, or residential homes for continued treatment. Planned pre-post and mixed model analyses of the main outcome measures of Neurobehavioral Rating Scale and Side Effect Rating Scale at baseline and at weekly/biweekly intervals were conducted. RESULTS: Completion rates did not differ for @entity837 and @entity1090 (overall completion rate: 44%). Agitation symptoms ( @entity146 , @entity2146 , or hostility) and @entity716 (suspiciousness, @entity1833 , or delusions) decreased in both treatment groups but the improvement did not differ significantly between the two groups. There was a significant increase in side effect burden with @entity1090 but not with @entity837 such that the two groups differed significantly. CONCLUSION: No statistical difference was found in the efficacy of @entity837 and @entity1090 for the treatment of either @entity2146 or @entity716 in @entity1 with @entity303 . These findings need to be replicated before @entity837 or other serotonergic antidepressants can be recommended as alternatives to antipsychotics for the treatment of @entity2146 or @entity716 associated with @entity303 .

title: A double-blind comparison of XXXX and @entity1090 for the treatment of behavioral and @entity716 associated with @entity303 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggression']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity837 :: ('MESH:D015283', 'Chemical') :: ['citalopram']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis', 'psychotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity837 :: (MESH:D015283,Chemical) :: ['citalopram']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Refractory wound healing is a major complication of @entity6 , which restricts wound healing by interfering with the inflammatory response, decreasing granulation, causing @entity1897 , and inhibiting angiogenesis. @entity66 has been proposed as an important pathogenic factor in @entity2412 . Edaravone (3-methyl-1-phenyl-2-pyrazolin-5-one) is a strong free radical scavenger that suppresses the effect of oxidative stress. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Streptozotocin-induced @entity6 was established in adult C57BL/6 @entity19 , and full-thickness skin was then removed from the dorsomedial back using an 8-mm biopsy punch. Edaravone or vehicle alone was applied to the wound on day 0 and day 4 after wound creation. The wound was monitored with a digital camera and analyzed on days 0, 4, and 7 after wound creation. RESULTS: This study investigated whether accelerated wound closure occurred in the edaravone group (n = 24) compared with the vehicle-alone group (n = 15). On day 7, wound closure between the 2 groups was statistically different (P = 0.0019). Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis were markedly promoted. The possibility of an inhibitory effect of edaravone characterized by suppression of oxidative stress was explored. Edaravone-induced upregulation of @entity13471 ( @entity13471 ) mRNA expression, and @entity13471 protein was immunohistochemically detected. CONCLUSION: Edaravone upregulates @entity13471 expression and accelerates wound healing.

title: Edaravone, a Free Radical Scavenger, Accelerates Wound Healing in XXXX @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Oxidative stress']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2412 :: ('MESH:D048909', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic wound complications']

entities_list: @entity13471 :: ('18127(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['eNOS', 'endothelial nitric oxide synthase']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Heart transplantation is a treatment option for @entity1 as well as for adults with @entity299 . OBJECTIVE: To report the experience of a tertiary center with heart transplant program in pediatric population and in adults with @entity299 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The study consisted of the evaluation of pediatric as well as adult @entity1 undergoing heart transplantation for @entity299 . We evaluated the following indication and complications such as renal dialysis, graft @entity455 , @entity5 and survival. RESULTS: From October 1992 to November 2013, 134 @entity1 had transplantation, and there were 139 transplantations and 5 retransplantations. The immunosuppression regimen is based on calcineurin inhibitors and cytostatic drugs. The type of @entity299 indicated for transplantation was @entity296 in 70% and @entity299 in 30%. Of these 134 @entity1 , 85 @entity1 were alive. Actuarial survival is 77.4%, 69.6%, 59.3% at 1, 5, and 10 years after transplantation. Three @entity1 underwent renal transplantation, 1 @entity1 is in renal dialysis, and 8.2% of @entity1 had @entity1071 . Two @entity1 had retransplantation for graft @entity455 ; 1 of them required a simultaneous kidney transplant and died 30 days after the procedure and 1 @entity1 is clinically well 2 years after retransplantation. CONCLUSION: Heart transplantation in @entity1 and in adults with @entity299 is a promising therapeutic option and enables long-term survival for these @entity1 .

title: Heart transplantation in pediatric population and in adults with XXXX : long-term follow-up, critical clinical analysis, and perspective for the future.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathies']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity1071 :: ('MESH:D008232', 'Disease') :: ['post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease', 'congenital heart disease']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['congenital heart disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2903 is a novel oral alkylating agent, active against @entity320 . Combinations of chemotherapy and biological response modifiers have been associated with increased antitumour activity. A multicentre phase II study was performed to assess the activity and @entity137 of @entity2903 in combination with interferon alpha-2b. @entity1 AND METHODS: Eligible @entity1 had histologically confirmed @entity320 . Previously untreated @entity1 received @entity2903 administered orally at a dose of 150 mg/m/day for 5 days every 4 weeks, in combination with interferon given continuously subcutaneously twice a week at a dose of 10 MU/m. Treatment continued until disease progression or for a maximum of 12 months. RESULTS: From June 1999 to August 2002, 27 eligible @entity1 were included in the study at six centres. Median age was 59 (28-77) years; 17 male and 10 female @entity1 were recruited; the median Karnofsky performance score was 90 (70-100); three @entity1 had received prior adjuvant interferon; the majority of @entity1 had fewer than three involved sites. A total of 96 cycles were administered; there were one complete response, four partial response and five stable disease (overall response rate: 18.5%, 95% confidence interval: 6.3-38.1). All responses were seen in @entity1 with exclusively lymph node and pulmonary disease [M1a (one @entity1 ); M1b (four @entity1 )]. The median response duration was 6.9 months. One @entity1 remains in complete remission at 4 years. The median time to progression and the median survival were 1.87 and 9.5 months, respectively. Haematological @entity137 was @entity1398 G-IV: 1, G-III: 4, @entity882 G-III: 2, and @entity417 G-III: 2. Predominant non-haematological @entity137 was hepatotoxicity G-III: 4. Other @entity137 were mild or moderate. Dose reduction was required for nine cycles of interferon, one of @entity2903 and two of both drugs. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2903 in combination with interferon is a well-tolerated palliative regimen that has moderate activity against @entity320 . Further evaluation of this regimen in comparative studies or in combination with other drugs is warranted.

title: Phase II multicentre study of XXXX in combination with interferon alpha-2b in metastatic @entity320 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide', 'temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity2903 :: (MESH:C047246,Chemical) :: ['temozolomide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to compare retrospectively the longterm functional results of straight or @entity2418 coloanal @entity254 and @entity14 in @entity1 operated for @entity189 . STUDY DESIGN: Of the 260 @entity1 who underwent rectal resection for @entity189 in our department during a 12-year period, 105 were included in this study. Of these, 37 had straight coloanal, 15 @entity2418 coloanal, and 53 low colorectal anastomoses. RESULTS: At 1 year of followup, continence was significantly better after low colorectal than straight coloanal @entity254 (perfect continence: 81% versus 51%; p < 0.01). No significant difference was observed for continence after @entity14 . Stool frequency during a 24-hour period was significantly higher after straight coloanal @entity254 than after either @entity2418 coloanal (p < 0.05) or @entity14 (p < 0.01). Night stools were significantly more frequent after straight than @entity2418 coloanal @entity254 (p < 0.05). Three years after surgery, continence had improved in the three groups, as 70% of the straight coloanal group, 91% of the @entity2418 coloanal group, and 94% of the colorectal @entity254 group had perfect continence (p < 0.02 versus straight coloanal @entity254 ). No significant difference for continence was observed between the @entity14 groups. Neither were significant differences observed among the three groups for urgency, gas/stool discrimination, stool frequency (including night stools), or the need for medication. CONCLUSIONS: The functional results of both @entity2418 coloanal and low stapled colorectal @entity254 seem better than those of straight coloanal @entity254 . Both @entity2418 and low-stapled procedures can safely be proposed for @entity1 with @entity189 requiring total mesorectal rectal excision; however, because low stapled colorectal @entity254 seems to us easier and faster to perform, we consider it the best option for rectal reconstruction after proctectomy for @entity189 , provided it is possible based on the level of the @entity5 .

title: Functional outcome after coloanal versus XXXX for @entity189 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['J-pouch coloanal and low colorectal anastomosis', 'low colorectal anastomosis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['low colorectal anastomosis']


abstract: AIMS: @entity5036 ( @entity5036 ) early during @entity583 ( @entity583 ) is often considered high risk for mortality. Little is known about how different @entity5036 types influence prognosis. METHODS AND RESULTS: The @entity432 -2 trial recruited 17 073 @entity1 with @entity1109 lasting >30 min and either ST elevation with or without @entity714 ( @entity714 ) or presumed-new @entity714 ( @entity714 ). Electrocardiograms were performed before and 60 min after the start of fibrinolytic therapy. Using @entity1 with normal intraventricular conduction as a reference, odds ratios (ORs) for 30-day mortality were calculated for different @entity5036 types ( @entity714 , @entity714 with anterior @entity583 , and @entity714 with @entity4156 ) present at randomization and/or 60 min, with adjustment for recruitment region, pre-infarction characteristics, time to randomization, hemodynamics, and Killip class. At randomization, the 873 @entity1 (5.11%) with @entity5036 had worse baseline characteristics than @entity1 without @entity5036 . In @entity1 presenting with @entity714 (n=300), the ORs for 30-day mortality were 1.90 (95% CI 1.39-2.59) before and 0.68 (0.48-0.99) after adjustment for other prognosticators. In @entity1 presenting with @entity714 (n=415) and anterior @entity583 , the ORs were 3.52 (2.82-4.38) before and 2.48 (1.93-3.19) after adjustment. In @entity1 presenting with @entity714 and @entity4156 (n=158), the ORs were 1.74 (1.06-2.86) before and 1.22 (0.71-2.08) after adjustment. Within 60 min, 143 @entity1 (0.92%) developed new @entity5036 . The adjusted ORs for 30-day mortality were 2.97 (1.16-7.57) in the 25 @entity1 with new @entity714 , 3.84 (2.38-6.22) in the 100 with new @entity714 and anterior @entity583 , and 2.23 (0.54-9.21) in the 18 with new @entity714 and @entity4156 . CONCLUSION: @entity714 accompanying anterior @entity583 at presentation and new @entity5036 (including @entity714 ) early after fibrinolytic therapy are independent predictors of high 30-day mortality. These electrocardiographic features should be considered in risk stratification to identify high-risk @entity1 .

title: Prognostic differences between different types of @entity5036 during the early phase of @entity583 : insights from the XXXX ( @entity432 )-2 trial.

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['RBBB', 'LBBB', 'right bundle branch block', 'left bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5036 :: ('OMIM:113900', 'Disease') :: ['Bundle branch block', 'BBB']

entities_list: @entity4156 :: ('MESH:D056989', 'Disease') :: ['inferior AMI']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Hirulog and Early Reperfusion or Occlusion']


abstract: Extracellular matrices (ECM) present around unfertilized and fertilized @entity1 oocytes were studied ultrastructurally in samples prepared in the presence of @entity3739 red to facilitate stabilization of extracellular materials. Unfertilized @entity19 , hamster, and @entity1 oocytes have an ECM comprising granules and filaments in their perivitelline spaces (PVS). This matrix is more abundant in the @entity1 than in hamsters and @entity19 . The granule/filament matrix appears identical to the matrix seen between cumulus and corona radiata cells following @entity3739 red processing and previously shown to comprise protein and hyaluronic acid. By including @entity3739 red during fixation, it is possible to demonstrate the existence of cortical granule exudate in the PVS of fertilized oocytes from hamsters, @entity19 , and @entity1 . Much of the cortical granule exudate is trapped in the PVS and forms a new coat around the fertilized oocyte. This material is particulate when stained with @entity3739 red and appears to be uniformly dispersed around the entire oocyte surface. We refer to this new coat as the cortical granule envelope. This envelope is observed in the PVS of all developmental stages up to and including blastocysts in all three species. Following hatching of @entity19 and hamster blastocysts, the cortical granule envelope is no longer present. Possible functions of this envelope are discussed.

title: Perivitelline space of XXXX oocytes: extracellular matrix of unfertilized oocytes and formation of a cortical granule envelope following fertilization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity3739 :: ('MESH:D012428', 'Chemical') :: ['ruthenium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['mammalian']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To partially characterize the cDNA, @entity535 sequence, and tertiary structure of feline @entity45298 , describe its cellular location in mature granulocytes, and determine whether @entity1378 cats have anti- @entity45298 antibody. SAMPLE POPULATION: Bone marrow RNA and whole blood from @entity468 of various sources and feline serum samples submitted for measurement of total @entity1955 concentration from September 2006 to July 2007. PROCEDURES: Feline @entity45298 cDNA was amplified from bone marrow RNA; presumptive splice sites were determined by comparison with @entity1 sequences. Intracellular localization of @entity45298 in granulocytes was determined by use of immunofluorescence and electron microscopy, and molecular weight and partial tertiary structure were determined by use of immunoblotting of granulocyte lysates. Anti-human @entity45298 ( @entity3335 ) antibody was detected via ELISA. RESULTS: A 2,493-bp sequence encompassing the 2,160-bp cDNA with presumably the same number and size of exons as @entity3335 was generated. Translation predicted 85% homology with @entity3335 . Feline @entity45298 was localized to neutrophil primary granules, and immunoblotting revealed heavy and light bands with molecular weights similar to those of @entity3335 . The prevalence of anti- @entity3335 antibody did not differ between nonhyperthyroid and @entity1378 @entity468 or among @entity1378 @entity468 subclassified by treatment modality. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Moderate homology existed between feline @entity45298 and @entity3335 cDNA and protein. Although findings suggested a similar tertiary structure and function for the 2 proteins, they also suggested that inability to detect a high prevalence of anti- @entity3335 antibody in @entity1378 @entity468 may be attributable to antigenic differences between the @entity1 and feline proteins rather than a lack of autoantibody.

title: Partial characterization of feline XXXX and investigation of its potential role as an autoantigen in @entity1378 @entity468 .

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroid']

answer: @entity45298 :: (100142673(Tax:9685),Gene) :: ['myeloperoxidase']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal anastomoses may require early evaluation and treatment via flexible endoscopic techniques when complications arise. There is reticence, however, to perform endoscopy given the applied mechanical forces. We aimed to identify the incidence of gastrointestinal anastomotic perforation or disruption resulting from endoscopy performed  <=6  weeks of anastomoses. METHODS: Review of @entity1 from 2002 to 2013 who underwent flexible endoscopy within 6  weeks of creation of gastrointestinal @entity254 . Exclusion criteria included intraoperative endoscopy, anastomotic perforation prior to endoscopy, and endoscopy remote from the anastomotic site. Data are presented as median (interquartile range; IQR) or percentages as appropriate. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 met our criteria (age 69  years [IQR 54-77], 54  % @entity1 ]). Endoscopy was performed at a median postoperative time of 18  days (IQR 8-30). Indications for endoscopy included @entity548 (66  %), obstruction (13  %), @entity158 (13  %), concern for pancreatic duct leak (4  %), and concern for @entity63 (4  %). Six @entity1 underwent therapeutic endoscopic procedures including coagulation (8  %), @entity384 (8  %), tube decompression (8  %), and stent placement (4  %). There were no anastomotic perforations or disruptions as a result of endoscopy. CONCLUSION: Despite theoretical risks of adverse events of flexible endoscopy in the early postoperative period, no endoscopic perforations or disruptions occurred in recently created surgical anastomoses.

title: Endoscopy in the early postoperative setting after primary gastrointestinal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilation']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is anticipated that current and future preventive therapies will likely be more effective in the early stages of @entity303 , when everyday functioning is not affected. Accordingly the early identification of @entity1 at risk is particularly important. In most cases, when subjects visit an expert and are examined using neuropsychological tests, the disease has already been developed. Contrary to this cognitive games are played by healthy, well functioning elderly @entity1 , subjects who should be monitored for early signs. Further advantages of cognitive games are their accessibility and their cost-effectiveness. PURPOSE: The aim of the investigation was to show that computer games can help to identify those who are at risk. In order to validate games analysis was completed which measured the correlations between results of the 'Find the Pairs' memory game and the volumes of the temporal brain regions previously found to be good predictors of later @entity73 . @entity1 AND METHODS: 34 healthy elderly subjects were enrolled in the study. The volume of the cerebral structures was measured by MRI. Cortical reconstruction and volumetric segmentation were performed by Freesurfer. RESULTS: There was a correlation between the number of attempts and the time required to complete the memory game and the volume of the entorhinal cortex, the temporal pole, and the hippocampus. There was also a correlation between the results of the Paired Associates Learning (PAL) test and the memory game. CONCLUSIONS: The results gathered support the initial hypothesis that healthy elderly subjects achieving lower scores in the memory game have increased level of @entity194 in the temporal brain structures and showed a decreased performance in the PAL test. Based on these results it can be concluded that memory games may be useful in early screening for @entity73 .

title: Monitoring the early signs of XXXX in elderly by computer games: an MRI study.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive decline']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinico-epidemiological profile, pattern of infections, feeding practices, socio-demographic risk factors and outcome of hospitalized @entity1 with moderate acute @entity3147 (MAM) and @entity697 ( @entity697 ). METHODS: Cases ( @entity1 aged 1-60 mo with @entity697 or MAM) and controls ( @entity1 with weight for height z score more than -1 SD) were recruited from November 2011 through July 2013. Overall, 126 cases and 126 controls were included. RESULTS: Only 33  % of malnourished @entity1 (cases) were exclusively breast fed. Among controls, 71  % were exclusively breast fed for the first 6 mo after birth. Most cases had associated infections (p 0.004) and @entity417 (p   <   0.001). ROC curve revealed 120  mm mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) as the best cut off for predicting @entity697 . Mothers' education, pre-lacteal feeds and co-morbidities were independent predictors of @entity3147 (R(2)   =   22.1  %) by logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS: Though 11.5  cm MUAC has been mentioned by WHO as the cut off for identifying @entity697 , a higher cut off (12  cm) may be required to use it as a screening tool. Mothers' education, pre-lacteal feeds and co-morbidities were found to be independent determinants for @entity3147 in the present @entity1 population, indicating the need towards a targeted approach for modifying these factors.

title: Epidemiological and Clinical Profile of Hospitalized XXXX with Moderate and Severe Acute @entity3147 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['SAM', 'severe acute malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']