abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to evaluate the long-term effect of the use of a @entity158 pump after arthroscopic subacromial decompression. METHODS: This prospective, randomized study included 50 @entity1 : 25 @entity1 had a 24-hour @entity158 pump with 0.375% @entity1342 infusion and a continuous rate of 5 mL/h in the subacromial space after arthroscopic subacromial decompression, and 25 @entity1 did not. Rehabilitation was similar in both groups. Evaluation methods were clinical examination, radiographic evaluation, and isometric elevation strength measurements, as well as the University of California, Los Angeles and Constant shoulder scores. All the operations were done by 1 experienced orthopaedic surgeon, and all the evaluations at follow-up were done by 1 independent, blinded examiner. There were no differences between the study groups preoperatively. Of the @entity1 , 47 (94%) were available at a minimum follow-up of 2 years (range, 24 to 32 months). RESULTS: Concerning the duration of sick leave (P = .053) and ability to return to work (P = .321), the group differences were not statistically significant. At follow-up, the shoulder scores (University of California, Los Angeles and Constant) were significantly better than preoperatively (P < .001) in both groups, although no differences were found between the groups. The isometric elevation strengths of the operated shoulders were equally good in both groups (P = .976) as well, and no significant differences were observed between the operated shoulders and nonoperated shoulders at follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: According to this study, the use of a @entity158 pump after arthroscopic subacromial decompression did not have any long-term effects on the @entity1 ' recovery, return to work, or final result at the minimum 2-year follow-up. The results were significantly better at follow-up than preoperatively in both groups. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level II, prospective, randomized therapeutic study lacking statistical significance and narrow confidence intervals.

title: Long-term Effect of the Use of a XXXX Pump After Arthroscopic Subacromial Decompression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the proliferation and differentiation behaviour of a defined cell population gained from the @entity1 growth plate, namely, chondro-progenitorcells (CPCs), in the initial inflammatory phase of growth @entity130 response in vitro. METHODS: Growth plate cells were sorted via FACS and differentiated along adipogenic and osteogenic lineage to confirm their progenitor features. To mimic the inflammatory phase of injury response at the growth plate they were treated with @entity1356 and exposed to cyclic mechanical loading. A BrdU assay was used to investigate CPC proliferation. CPC differentiation behaviour was analysed by RT-PCR. RESULTS: CPCs ( @entity1195 -, @entity2280 -, @entity12359 +, @entity5399 +, and CD105+) showed a successful differentiation along adipogenic and osteogenic lineage. Under conditions simulating the inflammatory phase of injury response at the growth plate in vitro CPCs differentiated towards @entity1184 while chondrogenesis and ossification were inhibited. Proliferation was not significantly altered. CONCLUSION: This study showed that CPCs can be isolated from the @entity1 growth plate and expanded in vitro. In the first phase of injury response at the growth plate these cells differentiate towards @entity1184 . As longitudinal growth is obtained by chondrocyte proliferation and volume increase during @entity1184 this maturation might be the first step towards post-traumatic growth disorders such as unwanted premature ossification of the growth plate.

title: Behaviour of @entity1 physeal chondro-progenitorcells in early growth XXXX response in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['plate injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['plate injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: An important question in the sequencing of anti- @entity5 therapies in @entity1 with @entity463 ( @entity463 ) is whether concurrent anti-angiogenesis therapies improve or impair brain concentrations of concomitantly administered cytotoxic therapies. The purpose of this study is to assess the intratumoral disposition of @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) via microdialysis before and after bevacizumab in an intracranial @entity463 xenograft model. METHODS: Microdialysis probes were placed within @entity5 and contralateral brain in athymic @entity35 bearing @entity8001 @entity1779 . @entity2904 (50 mg/kg oral) was administered 10 days thereafter. Extracellular fluid (ECF) was collected for 6 h. @entity1493 was administered (10 mg/kg IV), and @entity2904 was re-dosed (50 mg/kg oral) 36 h thereafter with additional ECF collection. All ECF samples were assessed for @entity2904 concentration with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS: @entity5 @entity2904 mean area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-   )) was 3.35  g h/mL pre- @entity1493 . Post- @entity1493 , @entity5 mean @entity2904 AUC(0-   ) was 3.98  g h/mL. In @entity5 brain, mean @entity2904 AUC(0-   ) pre- @entity1493 was 3.22  g h/mL and post- @entity1493 was 3.34  g h/mL. CONCLUSIONS: There were no statistically significant changes in @entity2904 pharmacokinetics before or after @entity1493 in the athymic @entity35 @entity8001 @entity11 model. @entity1493 and @entity2904 are being investigated as a combination therapy in several ongoing studies for @entity1 with @entity11 . These data reassuringly suggest that @entity1493 does not significantly change the ECF @entity5 concentrations of @entity2904 in either @entity5 -bearing or normal brain when dosed 36 h prior to @entity2904 .

title: The impact of bevacizumab on @entity2903 concentrations in intracranial @entity8001 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'Tumor', 'non-tumor']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial glioma', 'glioma']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['GBM', 'glioblastoma']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral gliomas']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: AIMS: This report describes patterns of treatment changes with the @entity7856 ( @entity7856 ) inhibitors @entity9498 , @entity7855 and @entity6697 , and variables associated with those treatment changes, during the 6-month, prospective, pan-European @entity323 Observational Study (EDOS). METHODS: EDOS observed 8047 @entity1 > or = 18 years old with @entity323 ( @entity323 ), who began or changed @entity323 therapy as part of their routine healthcare. @entity1 could change @entity323 treatment at any time during EDOS. Data were collected at baseline and at 3 (+/- 1) and 6 (+/- 1) months. Analyses included @entity323 treatment-na  ve @entity1 with complete follow-up who were prescribed a @entity7856 inhibitor at baseline (n = 4026). RESULTS: Most @entity1 , regardless of what @entity7856 inhibitor they were prescribed at baseline, continued on that same @entity7856 inhibitor throughout the study. Continuation rates were approximately 89% in the @entity9498 cohort, vs. 63-64% in the @entity7855 and @entity6697 cohorts. The variables most strongly associated with increased risk of switching were prescription of @entity7855 or @entity6697 , vs. @entity9498 , at baseline (odds ratios 4.43 and 4.14 respectively; p < 0.0001). Of @entity1 who switched from @entity9498 to another treatment, nearly 25% had switched back to @entity9498 by study end. In contrast, of @entity1 who switched from @entity7855 or @entity6697 , < 10% from each cohort had switched back to their original treatment by study end. CONCLUSION: The data suggest that @entity9498 treatment in treatment-na  ve @entity323 @entity1 may increase their likelihood of treatment continuation. These findings should be interpreted conservatively due to the observational nature of the study.

title: Patterns of switching @entity7856 inhibitors in the treatment of XXXX : results from the @entity323 Observational Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7856 :: ('8654', 'Gene') :: ['PDE5', 'phosphodiesterase type 5']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED', 'Erectile Dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity9498 :: ('MESH:C429886', 'Chemical') :: ['tadalafil']

entities_list: @entity7855 :: ('MESH:C101426', 'Chemical') :: ['sildenafil']

entities_list: @entity6697 :: ('MESH:C426063', 'Chemical') :: ['vardenafil']

answer: @entity323 :: (MESH:D007172,Disease) :: ['erectile dysfunction']


abstract: Resection of primary @entity5 of the floor of the mouth mandates consideration of the management of the mandible which may be either involved by direct invasion or by close proximity. Segmental mandibulectomy can usually be performed when the @entity5 is either massive or directly invading the mandible. However, the cosmetic and functional results of segmental mandibulectomy are unsatisfactory. Whenever the @entity5 is close to the mandible or adherent to the periosteum, consideration should be given to marginal mandibulectomy. Over a period of 8 years, we have treated 65 @entity1 with @entity1697 . Of these, 22 underwent marginal mandibulectomy. The number of @entity1 staged T1, T2, and T3 were 4, 13, and 5, respectively. Most had oblique marginal mandibulectomy including the resection of the upper rim and medial cortex of the mandible. Vertical or horizontal mandibulectomy was rarely used. In each @entity1 the preoperative workup included dental X-rays, panoramic films, and computerized tomography (CT) scan of the head and neck. The decision as to the extent of mandibulectomy was made primarily based on the clinical judgement. Seven @entity1 underwent marginal mandibulectomy through the @entity2133 . However, in the remaining 15 @entity1 , the cheek flap approach was utilized. The defect following marginal mandibulectomy was reconstructed either with split thickness skin graft, tongue flap, or myocutaneous flap. Small defects were left open to heal by granulation and secondary intention. Split thickness skin grafts healed very well over the surface of resected mandibles. Good @entity5 control was achieved at the primary site and the functional and cosmetic results were excellent.

title: Marginal mandibulectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['open mouth']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the floor of the mouth']

answer: @entity1697 :: (MESH:D009062,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the floor of the mouth']


abstract: Propolis, or @entity5157 glue, which contains a complex mixture of secondary metabolites, has long been used in many countries for the management of several diseases. The purpose of this study was to evaluate, by means of several pharmacological models, the anti- @entity1931 effect of propolis collected in the south of Brazil. The abdominal constrictions induced in @entity19 by intraperitoneal injection of @entity1543 (0.6%), @entity4563 (50 mg kg-1) or zymosan (40 mg kg-1) were inhibited to different extents by an extract of propolis (1-60 mg kg-1) administered intraperitoneally 30 min earlier; mean ID50 (concentrations resulting in 50% inhibition) values were 2.7, 10.8 and 10.7 mg kg-1, respectively, and maximum inhibition was 58 +/- 5, 57 +/- 10 and 51 +/- 5%, respectively. Given orally (25-200 mg kg-1, 1h previously) propolis also inhibited the abdominal constrictions induced by @entity1543 (maximum inhibition 43 +/- 5%). When injected intraperitoneally (3-60 mg kg-1, 30 min previously), propolis attenuated both the neurogenic (first phase) and inflammatory (second phase) @entity158 responses and paw @entity4 caused by intraplantar injection of @entity406 (2.5%); maximum inhibition was 32 +/- 5, 43 +/- 6 and 19 +/- 2%, respectively. Oral administration of propolis (25-200 mg kg-1, 1 h previously) inhibited both phases and reduced the @entity4 formation associated with the second phase of the @entity406 test (maximum inhibition 22 +/- 5, 33 +/- 6 and 26 +/- 3%) and extract of propolis (3-30 mg kg-1 i.p. or 25-100 mg kg-1 p.o., respectively 30 min and 1 h previously) significantly inhibited @entity2951 -induced @entity158 with maximum inhibition of 39 +/- 8 and 41 +/- 8%, respectively. When assessed in the Randall-Sellito test of @entity158 , the extract of propolis (3-30 mg kg-1, i.p., 30 min previously) significantly reversed the @entity1931 induced by intraplantar injection of @entity1812 (3 nmol per paw) in @entity35 (P < 0.01). In contrast with morphine the extract of propolis (< or = 100 mg kg-1, 30 min previously) was ineffective when assessed in the tail-flick and hot-plate thermal assays. @entity1510 (5 mg kg-1 i.p.) reversed (P < 0.01) the effect of @entity1286 (5 mg kg-1 s.c.) by 70 and 94% respectively in the first and second phases of the @entity406 test, but did not interfere with the analgesic effect of propolis (10 mg kg-1 i.p., 30 min previously). These results show that ethanolic extract of propolis, given systemically, has significant anti- @entity1931 action when assessed in chemical, but not thermal, models of nociception in @entity19 and @entity35 . Its analgesic action seems to be unrelated to release or activation of the opioid system.

title: Anti- @entity1931 effect of an ethanolic extract of propolis in @entity19 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia', 'hyperalgesic']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['Naloxone']

entities_list: @entity1812 :: ('MESH:D001920', 'Chemical') :: ['bradykinin']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: 1. Eight cases of @entity29281 @entity4968 following ingestion of @entity15645 tablets for suicidal attempt are described. The mean age of the @entity1 was 23 years (range 14-25). 2. The clinical picture consisted of @entity3621 , altered sensorium and peripheral @entity455 in all cases, @entity943 (3), @entity1087 and @entity177 (1 each). Six @entity1 died, the mean hospital stay was 19 h (range 4-72). 3. Post-mortem examination was performed in two @entity1 , revealing @entity4 , @entity344 , petechial @entity548 on the surface of liver and brain. Histopathological changes included @entity4 , desquamation of the lining epithelium of the bronchioles; vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, dilatation and @entity99 , sinusoids and areas showing nuclear fragmentation. 4. The clinical picture of @entity26444 @entity4968 is described and precaution in the distribution and use of this pesticide recommended.

title: Acute @entity29281 XXXX following ingestion of @entity15645 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular failure']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['engorgement of hepatic central veins']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary oedema']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal mucosal congestion']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity29281 :: ('MESH:C044646', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphine']

entities_list: @entity15645 :: ('CHEBI:38495', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium phosphide']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity26444 :: ('MESH:C001864', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminum phosphide']

answer: @entity4968 :: (MESH:D011041,Disease) :: ['poisoning']


abstract: This study used a guided process-dissociation procedure to examine the contribution of controlled and automatic uses of memory to a cued-recall task in 24 @entity1 with unilateral @entity1315 (TLE: 12 left-sided; 12 right-sided), and 12 neurotypical controls. In an inclusion task, @entity1 attempted to complete three-letter word stems using previously studied words, in an exclusion task they aimed to avoid using studied words to complete stems. @entity1 with left TLE produced fewer target completions under inclusion conditions. Completion rates were not significantly different under exclusion conditions. Estimates derived from process dissociation calculations, confirmed that the cued-recall deficit in left TLE @entity1 arose entirely from impairment in controlled memory processes. There were no group differences in the estimates of automatic processes. Recognition judgements of stems corresponding to studied words did not differ between the groups. Overall the results support the view that controlled and automatic memory processes are mediated by separable neural systems. Hippocampal and related structures within the left MTL are more important than corresponding right hemisphere structures for the controlled retrieval of verbal material. In contrast, the findings from this study do not suggest that the left and right temporal lobes make a differential contribution to automatic memory processing. The theoretical and clinical relevance of these findings are discussed.

title: Controlled recall of verbal material in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To introduce clinical and demographic characteristics of our @entity1 with periocular @entity1909 . DESIGN: Retrospective study. @entity1 : Thirteen @entity1 diagnosed with periocular @entity1909 . METHODS: We included @entity1 who presented to our ophthalmology clinic with @entity158 , @entity450 , and tenderness on the eyelids, and were diagnosed with @entity1909 based on clinical characteristics on dermatologic and ophthalmologic evaluation. Mean age was 31.5 years, and 31% of @entity1 were female. RESULTS: Subjective complaints included burning and @entity9467 in 85% and itching in 15% of the @entity1 . Clinical findings on the eyelid skin were erythematous patches and plaques with multiple pustules (69%), @entity2681 and @entity4530 remnants on an erythematous base (7.7%), squamous and crusted patches and plaques (15%), and erythematous patches (7.7%). In 85% of the @entity1 , similar lesions were detected on the other parts of the face. The treatment comprised wet dressings, weak steroid ointments for erythematous areas, and antibiotic ointments for crusted areas. Fifteen percent of the @entity1 received @entity1667 because they had significant periorbital @entity4 . The lesions had improved in all @entity1 at the 1-week visit after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1909 should be considered in the differential diagnosis of periocular infections and @entity2688 . Meticulous questioning is of utmost importance for correct diagnosis and may prevent unnecessary systemic antibiotic use.

title: Periocular XXXX mimicking @entity2688 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl-prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['preseptal cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['Paederus dermatitis']

answer: @entity1909 :: (MESH:D003872,Disease) :: ['Paederus dermatitis']


abstract: The majority of antigen receptor diversity in mammals is generated by V(D)J recombination. During this process DNA double strand breaks are introduced at recombination signals by lymphoid specific @entity52780 proteins generating blunt ended signal ends and hairpinned coding ends. Rejoining of all DNA ends requires ubiquitously expressed DNA repair proteins, such as @entity23005 and @entity15543 / @entity15826 . In addition, the formation of coding joints depends on the function of the scid gene encoding the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase, @entity10322 , that is somehow required for processing of coding end hairpins. Recently, it was shown that purified @entity52780 proteins can cleave DNA hairpins in vitro, but the same activity was also described for a protein complex of the DNA repair proteins @entity9485 / @entity15124 / @entity15125 . This leaves the possibility that either protein complex might be involved in coding end processing in V(D)J recombination. We have therefore analyzed V(D)J recombination in cells from @entity1 with @entity6575 , carrying a mutation in the @entity9485 gene. We find that V(D)J recombination frequencies and the quality of signal and coding joining are comparable to wild-type controls, as analyzed by a cellular V(D)J recombination assay. In addition, we did not detect significant differences in @entity2612 sequences of endogenous Ig lambdaL and kappaL chain gene loci cloned from peripheral blood lymphocytes of an @entity6575 @entity1 and of healthy individuals. These findings suggest that the @entity9485 / @entity15124 / @entity15125 complex is not involved in coding end processing of V(D)J recombination.

title: Normal V(D)J recombination in cells from XXXX with @entity6575 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6575 :: ('MESH:D049932', 'Disease') :: ['NBS', 'Nijmegen breakage syndrome']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The predominant cause of @entity204 in @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is @entity453 ( @entity453 ). Little is known about prevalence of silent @entity63 in developing nations. We compared prevalence of silent @entity63 in @entity6 to a control group by exercise myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and electrocardiogram (ECG) in developing nations. The prospective multinational @entity63 Assessment with Exercise imaging in Asymptomatic @entity6 recruited @entity1 at 12 sites in Asia, Africa, and Latin America. @entity6 @entity1 were age- and gender-matched 2:1 to non- @entity6 individuals with >= 1 @entity453 risk factor. Subjects underwent exercise tests that were interpreted in core labs in blinded fashion. The study included 392 @entity6 and 205 control @entity1 . Among @entity1 with diagnostic ECGs, a similar proportion of @entity6 and controls had @entity63 ECG (15% vs 12%, p = 0.5). A significantly higher proportion of @entity6 group had @entity296 compared with controls (26% vs 14%, p <0.001). In @entity1 with @entity63 on MPI, only 17% had @entity63 ECG, whereas in those without @entity63 on MPI, 10% had @entity63 ECG. In a multivariable model, @entity6 was independently associated with abnormal MPI (odds ratio 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.3-3.5, p = 0.004). @entity1 were less likely to have @entity63 by MPI than @entity1 (10% vs 30%, p <0.001) and concordance between ECG and MPI was much worse in @entity1 . In conclusion, in this large prospective study, asymptomatic @entity6 @entity1 had (1) more @entity63 by exercise MPI than ECG, (2) more @entity63 by MPI but not ECG than control group, and (3) @entity63 by MPI was less in @entity1 than @entity1 .

title: Exercise stress tests for detecting myocardial ischemia in asymptomatic XXXX with @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'men', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['MPI abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus', 'DM', 'Diabetes study']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity28 induced by a @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) diet may program susceptibility in offspring, altering pancreatic development and causing later development of @entity102 , such as @entity28 and @entity6 . Female @entity19 were fed standard chow (SC) or an @entity1386 diet for 8 weeks prior to mating and during the gestational and lactational periods. The male offspring were assessed at birth, at 10 days, and at 3 months of age. The body mass (BM) gain was 50% greater before pregnancy and 80% greater during pregnancy in @entity1386 dams than SC dams. Dams fed an @entity1386 diet showed higher oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT), blood pressure, serum @entity2819 , and insulin levels than dams fed SC. At 10 days of age and at 3 mo old the @entity1386 offspring showed greater BM and higher blood @entity413 levels than the SC offspring. The mean diameter of the islets had increased by 37% in the SC offspring and by 155% in the @entity1386 offspring at 10 days of age. The islet mass ratio (IM/PM) was 88% greater in the @entity1386 offspring at 10 days of age, and 107% greater at 3 mo of age, compared to the values obtained at birth. The @entity1386 offspring had a beta cell mass (BCM)/PM ratio 54% lower than SC offspring at birth. However, @entity1386 offspring displayed a 146% increase in the BCM/PM ratio at 10 days of age, and 112% increase at 3 months of age than values at birth. A 3 mo of age, the @entity1386 offspring showed a greater OGTT and higher levels of than SC offspring. In conclusion, a maternal @entity1386 diet consumed during the preconceptional period and throughout the gestational and lactational periods in @entity19 results in dramatic alterations in the pancreata of the offspring.

title: @entity28 during the preconception and early life periods alters pancreatic development in early and adult life in male XXXX offspring.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Maternal obesity', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The parahippocampal areas including the subiculum, pre- and parasubiculum, and notably the entorhinal cortex (EC) are intimately involved in the generation of limbic @entity410 in @entity1315 . We investigated changes in the expression of 10 major GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs in subfields of the ventral hippocampus, ventral subiculum, EC, and perirhinal cortex (PRC) at different intervals (1, 8, 30, and 90 days) after @entity4176 (KA)-induced @entity159 priming epileptogenesis in the @entity35 . The most pronounced and ubiquitous changes were a transient (24 h after KA only) down-regulation of y2 mRNA and lasting decreases in subunit a5, b3, and    mRNAs that were prominent in all hippocampal and parahippocampal areas. In the subiculum similarly as in sectors @entity1249 and @entity1251 , levels of subunit a1, a2, a4, and y2 mRNAs decreased transiently (1 day after KA-induced @entity159 ). They were followed by increased expression of subunit a1 and a3 mRNAs in the dentate gyrus (DG) and sectors @entity1249 and @entity1251 , and subunit a1 also in the EC layer II (30 and 90 days after KA). We also observed sustained overexpression of subunits a4 and y2 in the subiculum and in the Ammon's horn. Subunit y2 mRNA was also increased in sector @entity1249 at the late intervals after KA. Taken together, our results suggest distinct regulation of mRNA expression for individual GABAA receptor subunits. Especially striking was the wide-spread down-regulation of the often peri- or extrasynaptically located subunits a5 and   . These subunits are often associated with tonic inhibition. Their decrease could be related to decreased tonic inhibition or may merely reflect compensatory changes. In contrast, expression of subunit a4 that may also mediate tonic inhibition when associated with the   -subunit was significantly upregulated in the DG and in the proximal subiculum at late intervals. Thus, concomitant up-regulation of subunit y2, a1 and a4 mRNAs (and loss in   -subunits) ultimately indicates significant rearrangement of GABAA receptor composition after KA-induced @entity410 .

title: Changes in the expression of GABAA receptor subunit mRNAs in parahippocampal areas after @entity4176 induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity4176 :: ('MESH:D007608', 'Chemical') :: ['kainic acid']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: Mild @entity417 is common. However, determination of postnatal hemoglobin level or @entity68 supplementation are not routine in many obstetric units. This study was designed to evaluate the impact of mild @entity417 and @entity68 supplementation on @entity1 . One hundred fifty @entity1 who had postnatal hemoglobin levels between 80 and 99 g/L were randomly assigned into two groups with @entity68 tablets or placebo provided from the time of diagnosis until reassessment at 6 weeks. The @entity1 ' general well-being, hemoglobin levels, @entity68 status, side effects, and compliance were assessed. One hundred twenty-two @entity1 returned for reassessment. Twelve (9.8%) of the 122 @entity1 recruited and four (3.2%) of 122 nonanemic matched controls complained of @entity1296 2 days after delivery; the difference was statistically significant (chi2 test, p<0.05). At 6 weeks postpartum, significantly more @entity1 were anemic (chi2 test, p<0.05) and @entity68 deficient (chi2 test, p<0.01) in the placebo group. The score of general well-being as assessed by a 4-point scale was significantly higher in the @entity68 supplementation group (Mann-Whitney test, p<0.05). The amounts of drugs consumed in both groups were comparable and the incidences of side effects were similar.

title: Mild XXXX : is it a problem?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['postnatal anemia']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

answer: @entity417 :: (MESH:D000740,Disease) :: ['postnatal anemia']


abstract: @entity3039 ( @entity3039 ) continues to intrigue pediatricians and hematologists alike. @entity1 can have a dramatic presentation with wide-spread bleeds over a few days. There is an aura and fear of intra-cranial @entity548 that drives the physician to recommend and the @entity1 's family to accept drug treatment. Difference of opinion among physicians in the recommendations for treatment is not uncommon, even though recent evidence-based guidelines recommend a conservative, observation-based approach for the majority of @entity1 with newly diagnosed childhood @entity3039 . It is important to note that a specific 'platelet cut-off count', is no longer suggested as an indication by itself to recommend drug therapy. The manuscript is an update on newly diagnosed @entity3039 in @entity1 . Recent changes in definitions and recommendations for treatment are highlighted. Pros and cons of 1st line drugs, including corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and anti-D are listed. Adjunctive therapies for the management of @entity1415 and @entity931 are described. @entity1416 and emergency splenectomy in the backdrop of severe @entity882 is discussed. Realistic case scenarios, common errors and frequently asked questions are included for a practical and easy reading.

title: Newly diagnosed immune XXXX : update on diagnosis and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1415 :: ('MESH:D004844', 'Disease') :: ['epistaxis']

entities_list: @entity1416 :: ('MESH:D020762', 'Disease') :: ['Role of splenic artery embolization']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['Immune thrombocytopenia', 'ITP']

entities_list: @entity931 :: ('MESH:D008595', 'Disease') :: ['menorrhagia']

answer: @entity882 :: (MESH:D013921,Disease) :: ['thrombocytopenia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Biochemical failure, defined here as a rise in the serum @entity1486 ( @entity1486 ) concentration to >0.3 ng/mL or the initiation of adjuvant therapy, is thought to be an adverse prognostic factor for @entity1 who undergo radical prostatectomy (RP) as definitive treatment for clinically localized @entity263 ( @entity9527 ). We have developed an artificial @entity1274 (ANN) to predict biochemical failure that may benefit clinicians and @entity1 choosing among the definitive treatment options for @entity9527 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical and pathologic data from 196 @entity1 who had undergone RP at one institution between 1988 and 1999 were utilized. Twenty-one records were deleted because of missing outcome, Gleason sum, @entity1486 , or clinical stage data. The variables from the 175 remaining records were analyzed for input variable selection using principal component analysis, decision tree analysis, and stepped logistic regression. The selected variables were age, @entity1486 , primary and secondary Gleason grade, and Gleason sum. The records were randomized and split into three bootstrap training and validation sets of 140 records (80%) and 35 records (20%), respectively. RESULTS: Forty-four percent of the @entity1 suffered biochemical failure. The average duration of follow up was 2.5 years (range 0-11.5 years). Forty-two percent of the @entity1 had pathologic evidence of non-organ-confined disease. The average area under the receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve for the validation sets was 0.75 +/- 0.07. The ANN with the highest area under the ROC curve (0.80) was used for prediction and had a sensitivity of 0.74, a specificity of 0.78, a positive predictive value of 0.71, and a negative predictive value of 0.81. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that ANN models can predict @entity1486 failure using readily available preoperative variables. Such predictive models may offer assistance to @entity1 and physicians deciding on definitive therapy for CaP.

title: Artificial XXXX model to predict biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the prostate']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural network']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['PSA', 'prostate specific antigen']

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['neural network']


abstract: We performed a @entity521 cell (Neuro2a) culture assay modified slightly from a method reported previously to provide a simple and sensitive evaluation of @entity20301 ( @entity20301 ) @entity137 in shellfish. The cell bioassay was just as sensitive for C-toxins as for gonyautoxins. The sensitivity of our cell bioassay was 4 times that of the current standard @entity19 bioassay. Using the cell bioassay, we evaluated @entity137 in 361 shellfish samples collected from Mikawa Bay and Ise Bay, Aichi Prefecture, Japan, from April 1999-March 2002. The results were compared with those obtained in a postcolumn derivatization liquid chromatographic analysis. @entity20301 toxins were detected in 236/361 samples by both assays, and there was a fairly good correlation (r = 0.9001, n = 236, p < 0.001) between the results from the two assays. We applied this cell bioassay when short-necked clams in the bay turned poisonous in 2001. The chronological changes in @entity137 in the short-necked clams were analyzed and compared with those of the cell density of poisonous plankton (Alexandrium tamarense) occurring in the bay. The @entity137 in shellfish peaked 2 weeks after the cell density reached a maximum. We recommend using the cell bioassay for routine monitoring of @entity137 in shellfish living in natural marine environments.

title: Cell bioassay for @entity20301 ( XXXX ): comparison with postcolumn derivatization liquid chromatographic analysis and application to the monitoring of @entity20301 in shellfish.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'PSP toxicity']

entities_list: @entity20301 :: ('MESH:D057096', 'Disease') :: ['PSP', 'paralytic shellfish poisoning']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

answer: @entity20301 :: (MESH:D057096,Disease) :: ['PSP']


abstract: A 63-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital with @entity400 and somnolence, followed soon by @entity772 . @entity417 and @entity2479 were observed. The blood smear exhibited rouleaux formation and leukoerythroblastosis. A @entity236 resulted in dry tap. The biopsy specimens revealed remarkable infiltration of @entity1582 cells with @entity82 . The M-component of IgG-lambda type and @entity2915 were detected in the serum. Liver and renal functions, however, were within normal range. His consciousness recovered after plasmapheresis. Two courses of VMCP ( @entity1891 , @entity3601 , @entity4408 and @entity617 ) did not affect the @entity1581 . Five courses of VAD ( @entity1891 , @entity632 and @entity619 ) could lower the level of IgG. He died of @entity55 . The plasma of some @entity1 with multiple @entity1582 may contain unidentified factors which increase the plasma @entity3265 .

title: [ XXXX , hyperviscosity syndrome, hyperammonemia and myelofibrosis in a patient with IgG, lambda type multiple @entity1582 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4408 :: ('MESH:D002225', 'Chemical') :: ['carboquone']

entities_list: @entity1581 :: ('MESH:D010265', 'Disease') :: ['paraproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3601 :: ('MESH:D008558', 'Chemical') :: ['melphalan']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-ammonemia']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aspiration']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity772 :: (MESH:D003128,Disease) :: ['Coma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the long-term results of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in low to moderate myopic corrections using the Pulzar Z1 system (CustomVis), a 213 nm wavelength solid-state laser. SETTING: University refractive surgery center. METHODS: This prospective noncomparative case series comprised 20 @entity1 (40 eyes) who had refractive surgery using the Pulzar Z1 laser system. Manifest refraction, uncorrected visual acuity, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA), safety, predictability, stability, and confocal microscopy images were evaluated. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 (20 eyes) had PRK and 10 @entity1 (20 eyes) had LASIK. The mean follow-up was 13.9 months +/- 1.1 (SD) (range 12 to 17 months) and 14.6 +/- 1.2 months (range 12 to 18 months) in the PRK group and LASIK group, respectively. No eye lost a line of Snellen BSCVA during the follow-up period; 2 eyes (10%) gained 2 Snellen lines. There was a statistically significant decrease in spherical equivalent manifest refraction postoperatively in both groups (P<.05). Refractive stability was obtained during the first postoperative month and remained stable during the follow-up period, with no significant changes between any interval in both groups (P>.05). At the last follow-up, 95% of all eyes were within +/-1.00 diopter of emmetropia. No @entity260 were observed. CONCLUSION: Refractive surgery using the Pulzar Z1 213 nm wavelength solid-state laser was a safe, effective procedure in the treatment of low to moderate @entity1714 .

title: One-year results of photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis for XXXX using a 213 nm wavelength solid-state laser.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['late postoperative complications']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['myopia']


abstract: AIMS: We investigated the ability of T-wave pseudonormalization and ST-segment elevation, which are demonstrated in @entity1188 -related leads during submaximal exercise testing, to predict late recovery of contractile function. METHODS: We studied 88 consecutive @entity1 (73 males, mean age 59 +/- 8 years) with anterior @entity1188 , persistent T-wave inversion and a documented lesion of the proximal segment of the left anterior descending coronary artery. They all underwent 2D-echocardiography on admission, 4 weeks as well as 6 months after @entity583 to evaluate the dysfunction score and the ejection fraction. Submaximal (75% of maximal predicted heart rate) exercise testing was performed in 80 @entity1 2 weeks after @entity583 following discontinuation of treatment. RESULTS: During exercise testing, 59 of the 88 @entity1 showing negative T-waves on the resting electrocardiogram exhibited pseudonormalization (group A) in at least three adjacent precordial leads, whilst 29 (group B) did not. @entity1 of group A more frequently exhibited an early @entity908 kinase peak (41% vs 24%, P < 0.05) and residual angiographic perfusion (97% vs 69%, P < 0.05). The dysfunction score did not change in group B (from 19 +/- 7 to 22 +/- 4), but decreased in group A (from 18 +/- 4 to 11 +/- 6 P < 0.05). The ejection fraction was similar in the two groups on admission (group A: 48 +/- 7%, group B: 45 +/- 10%), but was significantly different at 4-week (52 +/- 99 vs 42 +/- 11%, P < 0.05) and 6-month follow-up (58 +/- 9 vs 44 +/- 10%, P < 0.01). The concomitant presence of ST-segment elevation and T-wave normalization showed the highest positive predictive value for left ventricular function recovery (100%). CONCLUSIONS: T-wave normalization induced by submaximal exercise test is frequently associated with residual perfusion to the @entity1188 area and predicts progressive improvement in regional wall motion, especially if associated with ST-segment elevation. Therefore, these electrocardiographic findings may be used as easily obtainable markers of residual viability that predict late recovery in contractile function.

title: Exercise-induced T-wave normalization predicts recovery of regional contractile function after anterior XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ulcer surgery and the epidemiology of peptic @entity1066 perforation have changed considerably in recent decades. @entity1 /METHODS: Within two prospective studies, 170 perforated peptic @entity1066 @entity1 from 12 Eastern European centres and 37 @entity1 from 11 German centres were analysed. RESULTS: The median age of @entity1 was 43 years in the Copernicus study and 49 years in the MEDWIS study (P=n.s.), being higher for MEDWIS female @entity1 (73 vs 53 years, respectively; P<0.05). Female @entity1 made up 17% (29/170) of the Copernicus study and 35% (40/170) of the MEDWIS study (P<0.05). Twenty-three per cent (40/170) of @entity1 in the Copernicus study and 54% (20/37) in the MEDWIS study had gastric @entity1066 perforation (P<0.001). The proportion of definitive operations was higher in Eastern Europe (41.1%; 67/163) than it was in Germany (16.1%; 5/31) (P<0.01). German @entity1 experienced more general complications than Eastern European @entity1 (35 vs 12%, respectively; P<0.01) and a higher mortality [13% (5/37) vs 2% (4/170), respectively; P<0.01]. Delayed admission > or =12 h and age > or =60 years remained predictors for complications in multivariate logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The proportion of both @entity1 and @entity2275 was higher among German @entity1 , while Eastern European @entity1 underwent more definitive operations. German @entity1 experienced more general complications and a higher mortality. Complications were related to high age and delayed admission.

title: Perforated peptic XXXX : is there a difference between Eastern Europe and Germany? Copernicus Study Group and Acute Abdominal Pain Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2275 :: ('MESH:D013276', 'Disease') :: ['gastric ulcers']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer']


abstract: Psychologic factors in functional @entity2210 have been discussed in many previous articles. However, the relationship between @entity308 and functional @entity2210 is still obscure. We investigated the impact of @entity308 on clinical symptoms and @entity943 in functional @entity2210 . Thirty-nine @entity1 with functional @entity2210 and 18 healthy subjects were included. @entity1 were investigated with clinical symptoms assessment, Zung's self-rating @entity308 scale, and electrogastrography. @entity1 with functional @entity2210 were divided into two groups: 21 @entity1 with @entity308 and 18 @entity1 without @entity308 . The @entity308 @entity1 had similar total gastrointestinal symptom severity scores compared with the nondepressed @entity1 , but with higher total symptom frequency scores (p < 0.05). With regards to symptoms, the @entity308 @entity1 had higher abdominal fullness severity and frequency scores and @entity390 frequency scores. The @entity1 with functional @entity2210 had a lower percentage of normal slow wave in both the fasting and fed states and a higher percentage of bradygastria in the fasting state and tachygastria in the postprandial state (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the percentage of bradygastria or tachygastria between the @entity308 and nondepressed @entity1 . There was no correlation between the specific type of electrogastrographic abnormality and the presence or absence of @entity308 in functional @entity2210 @entity1 .

title: The correlation of @entity308 and @entity943 in functional XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity2210 :: ('MESH:D004415', 'Disease') :: ['dyspepsia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['gastric dysrhythmia']

answer: @entity2210 :: (MESH:D004415,Disease) :: ['dyspepsia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aetiology of @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ) is presently considered to be multifactorial, and stress has been regarded as an important factor in their onset. Many studies have evaluated the importance of stress in @entity2956 ; however, only @entity1 with @entity2956 and stress have been assessed. This study aimed at evaluating signs and symptoms of @entity2956 in stress-free @entity1 . METHODS: The temporomandibular joints (TMJs) of 40 stress-free @entity1 were evaluated during clinical examination and in MRI. RESULTS: The individuals lived in an area without electric power supply or telephone services. They worked in agriculture and fishery. 77.5% of the @entity1 presented normal mandibular function; 70% presented normal mandibular trajectory; 61.25% did not present sounds in @entity1348 and 93.75% did not present joint @entity158 during palpation. Image screening showed that 70% of @entity1348 presented normal disc position. Only one @entity1 (1.25%) presented @entity2956 . CONCLUSIONS: The absence of stress is a strong factor for the non-development of @entity2956 .

title: Evaluation of temporomandibular joint in stress-free XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['TMD', 'temporomandibular disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study identified predictors of psychosocial outcome in @entity161 . METHOD: A mixed group of @entity1 diagnosed with @entity161 were assessed as part of a routine clinical evaluation. A linear regression analysis was conducted in order to examine the effect of duration of @entity221 , number of previous hospitalisations, history of @entity716 and age at illness onset on @entity1 ' functioning, as assessed with the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale. RESULTS: Number of previous @entity716 as well as duration of @entity221 were the strongest predictors of @entity1 ' levels of functioning amongst all main outcome measures. Older age at illness onset also predicted poorer functioning. Limitations. A principal limitation of our study is that our sample included predominantly Caucasian males; therefore, any extrapolation to other groups may remain speculative. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary results suggest that psychosocial outcome in @entity161 may be affected by different factors. Longer history of @entity716 emerged as the most significant determinant of poorer outcome while longer duration of @entity221 and older age at illness onset were also associated with detrimental effects. Our findings may reflect the combined influences of @entity16 , exposure to psychotropic medication and psychosocial interventions as well as the vicissitudes of natural aging processes embedded in a chronic @entity1032 .

title: Global assessment of psychosocial functioning and predictors of outcome in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic episodes']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['untreated illness']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: A soluble form of @entity7527 (sCD23) was found in the urine from 12 normal individuals but was not present in 20 normal sera, suggesting that sCD23 produced by cells in tissues is eliminated in the urine. The sCD23 from urine differed in physicochemical properties from the sCD23 found in supernates from B-lymphoblastoid cell lines (B-LCL) and in the sera of @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ). On SDS-PAGE analysis under reducing conditions urinary sCD23 showed two bands corresponding to molecular weights of 45-60 kD and 28-35 kD indicating that sCD23 may be excreted in combination with another molecule. When subjected to gel filtration in its native state, sCD23 from urine showed a major peak at approximately 150 kD and a minor peak (probably a breakdown product) at 21 kD. Urinary sCD23 was more strongly held by DEAE-cellulose and required 0.5 M buffer pH 8.0 for elution, suggesting that it is more anionic than sCD23 from culture supernates. Five MoAbs recognizing different epitopes on sCD23 from B-LCL supernates were tested on urinary sCD23. Four of the MoAbs were reactive but one (EBVCS-1) was not. Urinary sCD23 did not bind to IgE. The level of sCD23 found in normal urine (approximately 0.02-0.05 micrograms/ml) was exceeded in 17 of 24 cases of @entity1072 . In one case with a high cell count and a serum concentration of 10 micrograms/ml, the urine contained 80 micrograms/ml sCD23. In another case a high serum sCD23 was not matched by a high urinary level. In this case the gel filtration pattern was closer to that found with urine sCD23 rather than the B-LCL pattern found with sera of other @entity1072 @entity1 .

title: Urinary excretion of @entity7527 antigen in normal individuals and XXXX with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL)

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['B type chronic lymphocytic leukaemia', 'B-CLL']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The vasculitides are often considered diseases caused by an immune response to a causative antigen. However, multiple decision points are involved in guiding an inflammatory process toward healing and repair versus destruction and disease. This review focuses on determinants that have the potential to alter decision points but have only recently begun to attract attention. @entity74 often exhibit a strict age preference. Progress has been made in the understanding of immunosenescence and its implications for immunocompetence as well as for the development of @entity32 . A second aspect in the pathogenesis of @entity1333 is the distinct tissue tropism, involving preference for vessels of defined sizes and distributions. Studies in giant cell @entity1333 have begun to shed light on the interaction between the affected tissue and the inflammatory cells and suggest that the vascular microanatomy determines the organization of the infiltrate. An important role may be attributed to the tunica adventitia, which harbors regulatory cells and probably provides the port of entrance for infiltrating cells. Finally, data are accumulating on the importance of the host's immunoresponsiveness in the decision between a beneficial and a pathologic @entity32 . Studies in @entity226 have shown that differences in the immunomodulatory milieu that are partially accomplished through the action of cytokines are responsible for disease heterogeneity and outcome.

title: Multisystem interactions in the pathogenesis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity226 :: ('MESH:D013700', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell arteritis']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Vasculitic disorders']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

answer: @entity1333 :: (MESH:D014657,Disease) :: ['vasculitis']


abstract: The increase of sympathetic activity in @entity712 is accompanied by a reduced parasympathetic tone. The @entity916 -angiotensin system has not only multiple interactions with the sympathetic nervous system, but may also influence vagal tone directly by @entity2178 . Animal studies show a reduction of parasympathetic tone by a direct action of @entity2178 in the area postrema where the blood brain barrier is absent. It is possible that, in addition to the sympathetic and @entity916 -angiotensin system, the parasympathetic nervous system may also influence prognosis in @entity712 . Therefore, baroreflex sensitivity as (CBS) an index of vagal tone was examined in 35 @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity712 (NYHA II-III). Independent of the severity of @entity712 was the lower the higher plasma- @entity916 -activity was. Fifty-six months after the initial examination a comparison of the surviving @entity1 (Group 1, n = 20) with the @entity1 who died or underwent heart transplantation (Group 2, n = 15) did not reveal significant differences in the initial hemodynamic data. However, group 2 @entity1 showed a tendency to higher initial plasma- @entity916 -activity and significantly lower BS 1.3 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.2 +/- 0.3 ms/mm Hg; p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity712 a relation between the @entity916 -angiotensin system and the parasympathetic nervous system is likely as there is a significant negative relationship between BS and plasma- @entity916 -activity. Among @entity1 with a similar degree of @entity712 a low vagal tone identifies @entity1 with a poor prognosis.

title: [Interaction between the @entity916 system and parasympathetic nervous system in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure BS', 'heart failure']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the change in serum intestinal @entity844 binding protein ( @entity1630 ) in @entity1 with @entity55 and its correlation with @entity344 . METHODS: A total of 82 @entity1 with community-acquired @entity55 who were treated from January to October, 2015 were enrolled, among whom 34 had mild @entity55 and 48 had severe @entity55 . According to pediatric @entity3124 score (PCIS), the @entity1 with severe @entity55 were further divided into non-critical group (25 @entity1 ) and critical group (23 @entity1 ). Thirty healthy @entity1 who underwent physical examination at outpatient service were enrolled as the control group. ELISA was used to measure serum @entity1630 level, and the acute @entity344 (AGI) grade was determined for @entity1 with severe @entity55 . Serum @entity1630 level was compared between groups, and the correlations of @entity1630 with AGI grade and PCIS were analyzed. RESULTS: The severe @entity55 group showed a significantly higher serum @entity1630 level than the control group and the mild @entity55 group (P<0.01), and the mild @entity55 group also showed a significantly higher serum @entity1630 level than the control group (P<0.01). The critical group showed a significantly higher serum @entity1630 level than the non-critical group (P<0.01). The @entity1 with grade I-IV AGI had significantly higher serum @entity1630 levels than the control group (P<0.01), and the serum @entity1630 level increased significantly with the increasing AGI grade (P<0.01). Serum @entity1630 level was positively correlated with AGI grade (P<0.01) but negatively correlated with PCIS (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity55 experience an increased serum @entity1630 level which can be used as a sensitive indicator for the early diagnosis of @entity344 and the evaluation of conditions in @entity1 with @entity55 .

title: [Change in serum intestinal @entity844 binding protein and its significance in @entity1 with @entity55 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal injury']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal injury']


abstract: A 70-year-old @entity1 visited a nearby physician with a chief complaint of @entity221 and was admitted to a hospital with a diagnosis of acute @entity2885 . After discharge, @entity4658 persisted and examination revealed an intravesical @entity5 . The @entity1 was referred to this department for close examination and treatment. The right kidney was hydronephrotic. The intravesical @entity5 that was resected was solid yellowish-white and ranged from the neck of the uterus to both ureteral orifices. In addition, a grain-sized tumoral lesion, was found in the lower part of the ureter and was also resected. There was sclerotic thickening localized to the right intramural ureter, which had a slightly @entity4 interior. This was considered to be the cause of the @entity3041 and a ureteral stent was put in place. Pathological diagnosis was given as @entity16207 . With this case, placement of a ureteral stent was chosen based on the findings of a minimal @entity1901 , a narrow area of @entity2318 in the intramural ureter as a probable cause of @entity3041 , and a judgement of mild obstruction. A stent is less invasive for @entity1 , but consideration should be given to @entity293 due to long-term placement recurrence of @entity16207 due to the increased risk of @entity281 , and trouble with periodical exchanging of catheters due to aggravated @entity2318 . Absence of @entity4658 or signs of recurrence after seven months' placement suggests that use of the stent was the best method.

title: [A case of ureterovesical XXXX that manifested @entity3041 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1901 :: ('MESH:D014515', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'solid tumor']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity16207 :: ('MESH:D008287', 'Disease') :: ['malacoplakia']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary infection']

answer: @entity16207 :: (MESH:D008287,Disease) :: ['malacoplakia']


abstract: 1. Plasma and platelet free @entity2922 concentrations were measured in 22 normal subjects and in 10 treated and 11 untreated @entity1 with heterozygous @entity4310 . 2. Plasma @entity1063 concentrations were significantly higher in both treated and untreated hypercholesterolaemic @entity1 than in normal subjects. @entity1425 concentrations did not differ. 3. Platelet @entity1063 levels were higher in untreated hypercholesterolaemic @entity1 than in normal subjects. 4. Positive correlations between the plasma @entity1063 concentration and the platelet @entity1063 concentration were observed in both normal subjects and hypercholesterolaemic @entity1 . 5. Combining the data for normal subjects and hypercholesterolaemic @entity1 revealed that the plasma @entity1063 concentration correlated positively with the plasma @entity165 concentration. The platelet @entity1063 concentration was also found to correlate with the plasma @entity165 concentration. 6. Our results suggest that an increased plasma @entity165 concentration may be associated with increased sympathetic nervous system activity as indicated by elevated plasma and platelet @entity1063 levels. Increases in circulating @entity2661 may contribute to the @entity1423 seen in @entity4310 .

title: Plasma and platelet free XXXX concentrations in @entity1 with @entity4310 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet hyperaggregability']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['Adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypercholesterolaemia']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity2922 :: (CHEBI:33567,Chemical) :: ['catecholamine']


abstract: @entity53490 Independence (Gfi) transcription factors play essential roles in @entity1210 , differentially activating and repressing transcriptional programs required for hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell (HSPC) development and lineage specification. In mammals, @entity53491 regulates hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), myeloid and lymphoid populations, while its paralog, @entity53492 , regulates HSC, megakaryocyte and erythroid development. In @entity3392 , @entity53491 is essential for primitive @entity1210 ; however, little is known about the role of @entity53491 in definitive @entity1210 or about additional gfi factors in @entity3392 . Here, we report the isolation and characterization of an additional hematopoietic gfi factor, @entity53492 . We show that @entity53491 and @entity53492 are expressed in the primitive and definitive sites of @entity1210 in @entity3392 . Our functional analyses demonstrate that @entity53491 and @entity53492 have distinct roles in regulating primitive and definitive hematopoietic progenitors, respectively. Loss of @entity53491 silences markers of early primitive progenitors, scl and @entity4061 . Conversely, loss of @entity53492 silences @entity46548 , @entity53493 , ikaros and @entity53494 , indicating that @entity53492 is required for definitive @entity1210 . We determine the epistatic relationships between the gfi factors and key hematopoietic transcription factors, demonstrating that @entity53491 and @entity53492 join @entity37310 , scl, @entity46548 and @entity53493 as critical regulators of teleost HSPC. Our studies establish a comparative paradigm for the regulation of hematopoietic lineages by gfi transcription factors.

title: Teleost XXXX independence (gfi) genes differentially regulate successive waves of @entity1210 .

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoiesis']

answer: @entity53490 :: (368715(Tax:7955),Gene) :: ['growth factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity1419 ( @entity1419 ) arises from intrahepatic bile duct epithelium and is the second most prevalent among primary @entity96 . The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of cholangiocarcinogenesis. METHODS: We studied the incidence of @entity124 ( @entity124 ) involving eight highly polymorphic microsatellite markers and alternations of the @entity984 , @entity876 and @entity7465 genes in @entity1 @entity1419 tissues. Overexpression of @entity7465 oncoprotein was also immunohistochemically studied. RESULTS: Of all 65 cases examined, @entity984 gene mutation was found in three cases (4.6%) at codon 12. Analysis of @entity876 alterations was performed in 28 cases including 22 frozen samples and mutations were found in three cases (10.7%). Overexpression of @entity7465 protein was observed in 25 (41.7%) out of 60 cases analyzed. In 22 frozen samples, seven (31.8%) cases showed @entity7465 amplification and four (18.2%) cases revealed @entity124 -positive phenotype. Among the cases analyzed, all the @entity5 with @entity7465 amplification/overexpression harbored the wild-type @entity876 gene and all the @entity124 -positive cases were from @entity3928 ( @entity3928 ) + periductal-infiltrating (PI) subtype. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity7465 plays a role, which might be partially through inhibiting @entity876 activity, in cholangiocarcinogenesis and that M

title: XXXX and alternative genetic pathway in @entity1419 .

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['MSI', 'microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['MF', 'mass-forming']

entities_list: @entity1419 :: ('MESH:C535533', 'Disease') :: ['Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma', 'ICC']

answer: @entity124 :: (MESH:D053842,Disease) :: ['Microsatellite instability']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cyclic @entity391 is an uncommon disorder that can be described as recurrent, self-limiting, fairly uniform episodes of intractable @entity390 and @entity391 with no identifiable organic cause, separated by symptom-free intervals. There is no established therapeutic regimen for this disorder. METHODS: Fourteen @entity1 referred to the Pediatric Gastroenterology Clinic were diagnosed with cyclic @entity391 from May 1984 to January 1995. Vomiting, the predominant symptom, was present in all @entity1 and was severe enough to require hospitalization in 11. Associated symptoms included abdominal ain, @entity10 , @entity390 , aura, and @entity221 . Diagnostic studies were done to rule out organic causes as indicated in individual @entity1 . Daily @entity109 was prescribed in all 14 @entity1 . The dose ranged from 30 to 120 mg/hs, (mean 2 mg.kg-1.day-1), with a median dose of 60 mg/hs [corrected]. Prior therapy with @entity1169 (3 @entity1 ) and butalbital (2 @entity1 ) had been ineffective. RESULTS: Eleven @entity1 had complete resolution of their symptoms, and 3 @entity1 had marked improvement in their symptoms with infrequent attacks of reduced severity. The only side effects associated with long-term @entity109 therapy were behavioral in nature, namely hyperactivity and disruptive behavior at school. CONCLUSIONS: The results of our series of 14 @entity1 , all of whom received barbiturates, support the usefulness of this therapeutic approach. Hence we feel that daily low-dose @entity109 therapy is a safe and effective therapy in preventing @entity16052 in @entity1 .

title: Use of barbiturates in the treatment of cyclic XXXX during childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

entities_list: @entity16052 :: ('MESH:C536228', 'Disease') :: ['episodes of cyclic vomiting']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity391 :: (MESH:D014839,Disease) :: ['vomiting']


abstract: More than 80% of undifferentiated @entity189 @entity1 with N3 disease (AJC-UICC 1987) will die with or from distant metastases within 3 years after the first symptom. From February 1986 to November 1987 30 consecutive @entity1 with very advanced @entity66 were entered in a programme with chemotherapy-radiotherapy (CT-RT) alternation after a thorough work-up to eliminate the possibility of distant metastases. PROTOCOL: two cycles of @entity900 100 mg/m2 day 1, @entity1732 15 mg intravenously day 1 and 16 mg/m2 per day by continuous infusion days 1-5; @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) 650 mg/m2 per day by continuous infusion days 1-5 4 weeks apart. This was followed by two series of high-energy radiotherapy, 35 Gy/3.5 weeks, with a third chemotherapy cycle in between. 27 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 were treated, the median age was 37 years (range 17-71) and the mean WHO performance status was 1 (range 0-3). @entity2802 classification: 15 T4, 9 T3, 6 T2, 28 N3 and 2 N2c. 18 @entity1 had nodes larger than 8 cm and 24 had bulky bilateral cervical nodes. @entity137 for this protocol was moderate, @entity390 and @entity391 being the main side-effects. Results after two CT cycles were 3 complete responses (CR; 10%), 22 partial responses (PR; 73%), 2 disease stabilizations, 2 progressions, and 1 @entity1 inevaluable. Of the 30 @entity1 , 27 @entity1 completed the CT-RT protocol, 2 @entity1 died before radiotherapy and 1 refused treatment after 2 days on protocol. 25 @entity1 were in CR 3 months after the end of radiotherapy. As of August 1991, with a median follow-up of 55 months (range 43-63), there are 17 @entity1 alive, 2 of them with active disease and 15 are NED (2 after salvage therapy).

title: Alternating chemo-radiotherapy with @entity900 and @entity1487 plus @entity1732 by continuous infusion for locally advanced undifferentiated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['local disease']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma nasopharyngeal type']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['carcinoma nasopharyngeal type']


abstract: Research into @entity2704 pathophysiology has been hampered by the episodic nature and unpredictable onset of @entity2704 attacks. Recently, newer imaging techniques have been providing noninvasive methods of studying metabolism and hemodynamics in the brains of migraineurs during and between acute attacks. 133Xe blood flow techniques, transcranial Doppler, and SPECT have all been employed to investigate hemodynamic changes during @entity2795 . PET has been useful in the study of @entity5330 , with findings of increased blood flow related to @entity158 in cortical areas and in the medial brainstem. Currently, three functional MRI imaging techniques are being used in @entity2704 research. Diffusion-weighted imaging has shown normal findings in measures of the ability of neurons to maintain osmotic gradients. Studies using perfusion-weighted imaging have shown alterations in relative cerebral blood flow (CBF), relative cerebral blood volume, and mean transit time during @entity227 . The blood @entity26 level-dependent technique can supply information related to neuronal activation during @entity2795 . @entity7748 has been used with mixed success to look for evidence of abnormal energy metabolism in the brains of migraineurs. Magnetoencephalography studies support the presence of a spreading @entity308 -like phenomenon in @entity2795 . Two groups have used transcranial magnetic stimulation to assess whether neurons in the occipital cortex are hyperexcitable, predisposing @entity1 to develop aura symptoms. Despite conflicting findings, @entity227 appears to be generally associated with transient decreases in regional CBF.

title: Functional neuroimaging: enhanced understanding of XXXX pathophysiology.

entities_list: @entity2795 :: ('MESH:D020325', 'Disease') :: ['migraine with aura', 'migraine aura', 'acute migraine aura']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['migraine visual aura', 'migraine with visual aura']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5330 :: ('MESH:D020326', 'Disease') :: ['migraine without aura']

answer: @entity2704 :: (MESH:D008881,Disease) :: ['migraine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Two novel agents, @entity3926 and @entity3925 , recently gained market authorisation for prevention of @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) after hip and knee arthroplasty. However, safety data of the new oral anticoagulants with a long-term use of 42 days are not available for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Furthermore, there are no clinical trials comparing @entity3926 and/or @entity3925 with @entity11270 , which is used in most Dutch departments of orthopaedic surgery. Our aim is to compare the 42-day use of @entity3926 and @entity3925 versus @entity11270 after TKA in a clinical explorative pilot study by assessing the incidence of major @entity548 and clinically relevant non-major @entity548 using a standardised model of @entity548 definitions. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A randomised open-label pilot study was conducted. @entity1 >= 18 years and weighing more than 40 kg who were scheduled for a primary elective TKA were included. @entity1 were randomly assigned to three groups. @entity1 took either a daily oral dose of @entity14534 220 mg (n=50), 10 mg of oral @entity3925 (n=50) or subcutaneous @entity11270 0.3 ml (n=50) for 42 days. The primary safety outcome measure was the incidence of @entity548 events. Major @entity548 events and clinically relevant non-major @entity548 events were defined according to accepted guidelines. The secondary measures of this study were the occurrence of @entity1211 , time until the @entity548 event, compliance, duration of hospital stay, rehospitalisation, outpatient clinic visits and interventions following complications. Additionally, coagulation monitoring, knee flexion range of motion and @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score were evaluated. DISSEMINATION: The results of this trial provided insight into the validity of design for an adequately powered multicentre study investigating the safety of the new oral anticoagulants compared with @entity11270 , an anticoagulant applied for prevention of @entity1211 after knee arthroplasty in the Dutch situation. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01431456.

title: Direct treatment comparison of @entity3926 and @entity3925 versus @entity11270 in the prevention of XXXX after total knee arthroplasty surgery: design of a randomised pilot study (DARINA).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['Knee injury']

entities_list: @entity11270 :: ('MESH:D017762', 'Chemical') :: ['nadroparin']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity14534 :: ('MESH:C453962', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran etexilate']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

answer: @entity1211 :: (MESH:D054556,Disease) :: ['venous thromboembolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Any material placed in the urinary tract is susceptible to the formation of encrustations of crystalline bacterial biofilms. These biofilms cause severe complications in some cases. The strategies used so far for reduction of these complications by surface modifications of the implant material failed to show the expected results. @entity1 AND METHODS: In this study, we investigated amorphous @entity505 coatings (a-C:H) for their ability to effectively reduce or to repress the progressive formation of infection-enhancing crystalline biofilms as new functional surface coatings. In nine @entity1 suffering for several years from stenting, a-C:H-coated ureteral stents were tested in treatment attempts. The current replacement intervals amounted to a mean of 77 days; the principle cause for early replacement was massive stent encrustations associated with symptomatic @entity293 . RESULTS: In total, 20 coated ureteral stents were tested spanning indwelling times between 3 and 4 months. No stent-related complications occurred. In all cases extraordinarily facile handling, @entity158 during replacement, and markedly increased tolerance were observed. Symptomatic @entity293 were reduced by more than 50%. The stents remained virtually free of encrustations. CONCLUSION: a-C:H coatings are a novel strategy leading to an enhancement of long-term applicability of ureteral stents and catheters and to improved @entity1 comfort.

title: [Plasma-deposited XXXX coating on urological indwelling catheters: Preventing formation of encrustations and consecutive complications].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infections']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['less pain']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: MDR @entity796 strains are isolated from clinical specimens with increasing frequency. It seems that acquiring genes which determine antibiotic resistance usually comes at a biological cost of impaired bacterial physiology. There is no information on investigations comparing phenotypic differences in MDR and @entity4289 @entity796 strains in literature. The study included 150 clinical @entity796 isolates (75 classified as @entity4289 and 75 as MDR). PFGE analysis revealed five pairs of identical isolates in the group of MDR strains and the results obtained for these strains were not included in the statistical analyses. MDR strains adhered to @entity852 to a lesser extent than @entity4289 strains. The growth rate in the liquid medium was significantly lower for MDR strains. Detectable amounts of alginate were present in the culture supernatants of seven @entity4289 and six MDR strains. The MDR @entity796 strains which were investigated produced significantly lower amounts of extracellular material binding Congo Red, lower lipolytic, elastase, LasA protease, phospholipase C activity and pyocyanin quantity in culture supernatants when compared with @entity4289 strains. No significant differences were observed between MDR and @entity4289 strains in proteolytic activity. In conclusion, the MDR @entity796 strains have impaired virulence when compared to @entity4289 strains.

title: Reduced expression of virulence factors in multidrug-resistant XXXX strains.

entities_list: @entity852 :: ('MESH:D011137', 'Chemical') :: ['polystyrene']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa', 'P. aeruginosa']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the operation of lung transplantation for end-stage @entity2415 . METHODS: From September 2002 to February 2005, 9 @entity1 with @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) underwent lung transplantation. The types of surgery included single lung transplantation in 2 @entity1 , lung transplantation with asynchronous contralateral lung @entity353 (one week later) in 1, single lung transplantation with synchronized contralateral lung @entity353 in 4, and bilateral sequential lung transplantation without cardiopulmonary bypass in 2. RESULTS: The volume of chest drainage was more than 2000 ml at the first postoperative day in 2 @entity1 , one was reoperated for hemostasis and another was successfully responded to conservative therapy. The ventilation time was ranged from 3 to 22 days postoperatively. Two @entity1 were received tracheotomy. Seven @entity1 achieved good results, two of them had returned to work, and 1 @entity1 had lived for 30 months. One @entity1 was died of severe acute rejection (4A) at 15th postoperative day and 1 succumbed to multisystem @entity881 due to severe @entity281 . CONCLUSION: End-stage @entity2415 is an indication for single lung transplantation. Single lung transplantation with contralateral lung @entity353 is a good way to utilize donor. If @entity1 suffered from @entity281 , double-lung transplantation should be considered first.

title: [The operative technique selection of lung transplantation for end-stage XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['volume reduction']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection combine fungal infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['organ failure']

answer: @entity2415 :: (MESH:D004646,Disease) :: ['emphysema']


abstract: This phase I study was carried out to evaluate the optimal dose of @entity2903 in combination with @entity3003 and @entity1311 in @entity1 with advanced solid @entity5 . @entity1 with advanced @entity320 or @entity151 that could benefit from the combination of @entity3003 and @entity1311 were eligible. A standard 3+3 @entity1 cohort dose escalation design was used. @entity1311 and @entity3003 were administered at fixed doses of 175 mg/m on day 1 and an area under the curve of 5, respectively. @entity2903 was administered at a dose of 75 mg/m/day from days 2-6 and subsequent cohorts were dose escalated by 25 mg/m increments. Cycles were repeated every 28 days. The primary objective of this study was to determine the maximum tolerated dose of this combination. Fourteen @entity1 were enrolled and 12 @entity1 were evaluable for @entity137 and response (six with @entity320 and six with @entity151 ). The maximum tolerated dose of @entity2903 was 125 mg/m, with fixed doses of @entity3003 and @entity1311 . There were no treatment delays nor dose reductions at this level. There were two partial responses and two @entity1 with stable disease in the @entity320 group. Four @entity1 had a partial response, and one had stable disease in the @entity151 group. There were sustained responses in three of the four @entity1 with @entity320 who achieved a clinical benefit. In conclusion, the combination of @entity3003 , @entity1311 , and @entity2903 is well tolerated and warrants further study.

title: Phase I dose finding study of @entity3003 , XXXX , and @entity2903 in advanced solid @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide', 'temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Improvement of efficiency of gene transfer to endothelium could be useful for several applications. We tested the hypothesis that cationic nonviral molecules augment adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to blood vessels, perhaps by alteration of the surface charge of adenovirus and facilitation of binding to endothelium. METHODS: Carotid arteries from @entity95 were incubated in vitro for 0.5 to 2 hours with an adenoviral vector alone or noncovalent complexes of adenovirus with @entity5731 (a cationic polymer) or lipofectin (a cationic lipid). Binding of adenovirus to the vessels was evaluated immediately after incubation with virus, and assay of transgene (ss-galactosidase) activity and histochemistry were performed 24 hours after gene transfer. To determine whether cationic molecules can be used to augment alteration of vascular function by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer, we also examined effects on gene transfer of endothelial @entity842 synthase. RESULTS: Assay of ss-galactosidase activity indicated that both cationic molecules increased transgene expression in vessels by approximately 5- to 6-fold. In contrast, when endothelium was removed from the vessels after gene transfer, @entity5731 and lipofectin did not significantly increase transgene activity. Histochemistry for ss-galactosidase also suggested that the adenovirus-cationic molecule complexes augmented transgene expression mainly in the endothelium. In addition, we found that complexing adenovirus with cationic molecules increased binding of adenovirus to the vessels. After gene transfer with recombinant adenovirus containing endothelial @entity842 synthase, @entity460 ionophore ( @entity3365 ) produced greater relaxation of vessels treated with adenovirus complexed with @entity5731 or lipofectin than those treated with adenovirus alone. CONCLUSIONS: Cationic molecules improve the efficiency of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to blood vessels.

title: Cationic polymer and lipids enhance adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to XXXX carotid artery.

entities_list: @entity5731 :: ('CHEBI:61490', 'Chemical') :: ['poly-L-lysine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In @entity2348 , CNS @entity32 is a frequently observed complication that may cause @entity455 including @entity2553 . Here, we describe the first @entity1 with @entity281 -induced @entity2553 . METHODS: A 35 year old @entity1 with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt that was implanted years before developed @entity2103 and @entity2147 one week before admission to the hospital. RESULTS: After admission, the shunt was removed, and an external ventricular drainage was inserted. Microbiological analyses revealed coagulase-negative Staphylococcus on abdominal and cranial catheters. Follow-up NMR showed @entity1188 . Transcranial doppler sonography and cerebral arteriography revealed severe generalized @entity2553 . Inspite of triple-H therapy and intraarterial spasmolysis, bilateral anterior and media artery @entity1188 evolved. The @entity1 was dismissed in a vegetative state. CONCLUSIONS: This case shows that severe @entity2553 are a serious complication in @entity1 with @entity2348 that should be considered in @entity1 , that don't improve following adequate antibiotic treatment.

title: @entity2553 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular complications']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial shunt infection']

entities_list: @entity2103 :: ('MESH:D005155', 'Disease') :: ['facial nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity2147 :: ('MESH:D006970', 'Disease') :: ['somnolence']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['shunt infection']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasms', 'cerebral vasospasms']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['shunt infection']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14 is one of the most common causes of @entity5 in Australia. The distribution of @entity1127 in the colon may effect the efficacy of a screening modality. The aim of this study was to determine the age-matched anatomic location and histologic type of @entity1127 at colonoscopy over a 10-year period at our endoscopy unit. STUDY: Endoscopy reports on 2,578 @entity1 were reviewed; polyp/lesion histology and location (left, right, or both) were determined in 2,553. RESULTS: Of all @entity1127 observed, 1,310 (51%) cases were left-sided, 510 (20%) were right-sided, and 733 (29%) were synchronous. @entity652 were present in 1,659 cases (65%); of these, 734 (44%) were left-sided only and 405 (24.5%) were right-sided only. @entity189 was observed in 189 (7%) cases, of which 71 (37.5%) were left-sided only. There was an increased right-sided prevalence of @entity652 or @entity189 with age (p = 0.0029). CONCLUSION: This was not a screening study, but it has shown that a significant number of @entity652 and @entity189 lie proximal to the @entity4558 . Thus, in the absence of left-sided lesions, it is expected that examination of the colon limited to the @entity4558 would miss 23% of such lesions. The increasing right-sided prevalence of these lesions with age suggests that evaluation of the proximal bowel is particularly important in older @entity1 .

title: The anatomical distribution of XXXX at colonoscopy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'colorectal polyps observed']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer-related deaths']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma', 'carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4558 :: ('MESH:D013158', 'Disease') :: ['splenic flexure']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['Colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas', 'adenoma', 'Adenomas']

answer: @entity1127 :: (MESH:D011127,Disease) :: ['colorectal polyps']


abstract: @entity244 was, for a long time, considered a non-removable area and @entity1 affected by low-grade @entity11 (LGGs) or high-grade @entity11 (HGGs) in this region were considered inoperable. Several studies have demonstrated a large functional reshaping of language networks in @entity1 affected by @entity11 or @entity64 involving @entity244 , and the complete resection of this region invaded by LGG has recently been reported. We report our experience in the removal of @entity244 invaded by @entity11 . Four @entity1 underwent awake surgery, with neuropsychological and neurophysiological monitoring and direct cortico-subcortical @entity162 , for resection of LGG (one case) and HGGs (three cases) invading @entity244 . Resection rates were evaluated by means of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) perfusion for LGG and HGGs, respectively. HGGs were totally resected and LGG was partially resected (67%), according to functional limits. No @entity1 reported @entity51 . The @entity1 affected by LGG underwent postoperative chemotherapy. Two of the @entity1 harbouring HGGs died 21 and 23 months after surgery and postoperative adjuvant treatment, respectively. The third one is still alive and progression-free 21 months after surgery. Awake surgery is a reliable and effective technique for resection of @entity11 invading @entity86 . LGGs in this region can safely be removed, according to the functional subcortical boundaries, allowing postoperative adjuvant treatment, functional reshaping and multi-step surgery. HGGs, instead, can be completely removed without deficits and sometimes beyond the contrast enhancement area, allowing the best possible oncological prognosis for the @entity1 .

title: Is the resection of @entity11 in @entity244 reliable? : XXXX resection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar stimulation']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ["Wernicke's territories without postoperative permanent deficit"]

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Wernicke's territories", "Wernicke's area"]

answer: @entity244 :: (MESH:D014899,Disease) :: ['Wernicke's area']


abstract: A randomized, comparative, prospective clinical trial was carried out at a tertiary care center to compare the efficacy of two antibiotic regimens in the prophylaxis of @entity86 in @entity1 undergoing biliary tract surgery. One hundred @entity1 undergoing cholecystectomy or biliary tract exploration were randomly allocated to one of the following antibiotic regimens: the standard regimen of three doses of @entity115 / @entity798 (1000/200 mg) given by intravenous infusion, or a single dose of @entity13665 (400 mg) given orally. @entity1 were monitored during their stay in the hospital and over a 2 week period as outpatients. Fifty adult @entity1 were included in each group. Mean age was 49 years, and sex distribution was 82 @entity1 and 18 @entity1 . The groups were comparable in terms of demographic characteristics and comorbidity. There were no cases of @entity86 in the @entity13665 group, but five cases of @entity281 occurred in the @entity115 / @entity798 group (P < 0.05). No adverse effects were observed with either antibiotic. The treatment cost per @entity1 was significantly lower for @entity13665 . The results indicate that @entity13665 is well tolerated and more effective than @entity115 / @entity798 for prophylaxis following gallbladder and biliary tract surgery. In addition, @entity13665 has the advantage of being more cost-effective and easier to administer than @entity115 / @entity798 so it could be considered as an alternative for antibiotic prophylaxis in these types of surgical procedures.

title: Comparison of XXXX vs. @entity115 / @entity798 as antibiotic prophylaxis in cholecystectomy and/or biliary tract surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity115 :: ('MESH:D000658', 'Chemical') :: ['amoxicillin']

entities_list: @entity13665 :: ('MESH:C054360', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftibuten']

entities_list: @entity798 :: ('MESH:D019818', 'Chemical') :: ['clavulanic acid']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection']

answer: @entity13665 :: (MESH:C054360,Chemical) :: ['ceftibuten']