abstract: In @entity0 , axillary lymph node invasiveness is the major prognostic factor in predicting relapse and @entity3 . Nevertheless, since 30% of node-negative @entity5 also relapse, it is necessary to develop other independent prognostic factors. Oncogene amplification and overexpression as well as the level of @entity10815 have been proposed as additional prognostic factors. Recent studies suggest that the acidic lysosomal proteinase cath-D, present in all cells and known to be secreted in @entity0 cells, may be implicated in the process of @entity5 invasion and @entity3 . We have compared the cytosolic cath-D level with the amplification and the overexpression of the oncogenes @entity517 and @entity1722 in 62 @entity0 (52 primary and 10 metastatic). Using a cut-off level of 60 pmol/mg protein, the status of cath-D showed a positive correlation with @entity517 amplification (P = 0.01) or overexpression (P = 0.02). In contrast, no correlation was found between cath-D and @entity1722 amplification or overexpression. Also, no correlation was found between cath-D and established prognostic factors such as node invasiveness, @entity134 receptors, grade and menopausal status. Nevertheless, a weak correlation was found between cath-D levels and @entity5 status (P = 0.05). In conclusion, in @entity0 , a high cytosolic cath-D concentration is more frequent in @entity5 with @entity517 amplification and overexpression but is dissociated from @entity1722 amplification or overexpression, suggesting that the determination of cath-D, as well as the latter two markers, will have an additional prognostic value.

title: XXXX and @entity1722 have an additive prognostic value for @entity0 patients.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity10815 :: (1509,Gene) :: ['Cathepsin-D']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The present study investigated the stress adaptation and role of @entity7774 in response to repeated exposures of electric foot shocks of varying intensity. @entity19 were subjected to moderate (0.5mA) or severe (1.5mA) electric foot shocks for 1h for 5 days. Stress-induced behavioral changes were assessed by actophotometer, hole board, open field and social interaction tests. The serum @entity2819 levels were measured as an index of @entity2270 . @entity9887 (a selective @entity14207 blocker) was employed as a pharmacological tool. A single exposure of moderate and severe stress produced @entity146 and increased the @entity2819 levels. The restoration of these alterations was observed in response to repeated exposures of moderate stress, while no adaptation was observed in severe foot shock stress. A single administration of @entity9887 (5mg/kg) exacerbated the moderate stress-induced decrease in behavioral activity and increase in @entity2819 levels on the first day of stress exposure, suggesting the anti-stress role of @entity7774 . In contrast, @entity9887 normalized severe stress-induced behavioral and biochemical alterations suggesting the stress inducing actions of @entity7774 . Furthermore, treatment with @entity9887 abolished the stress adaptive response following repeated exposures of moderate stress suggesting that @entity7774 has an adaptive role. It is concluded that there is a differential adaptive response in foot shock stress depending upon the severity of stress. @entity11502 may act as an anti-stress agent and helps to promote the adaptation during medium stress, whereas it may promote stress response during severe stress.

title: Investigations in foot shock stress of variable intensity in @entity19 : Adaptation and role of XXXX II.

entities_list: @entity7774 :: ('MESH:D000809', 'Chemical') :: ['angiotensin']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral deficits']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity9887 :: ('MESH:C084178', 'Chemical') :: ['Telmisartan', 'telmisartan']

entities_list: @entity11502 :: ('MESH:D000804', 'Chemical') :: ['Angiotensin II']

answer: @entity7774 :: (MESH:D000809,Chemical) :: ['angiotensin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inoperable locally recurrent soft @entity242 (STS) are incurable with chemotherapy. Therefore the National @entity5 Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group are performing phase II studies in an attempt to find better drugs. @entity1 AND METHODS: Thirty-one evaluable @entity1 with incurable soft tissue @entity242 were treated with the antifol 10-EDAM at a dose of 80 mg per m2/week. RESULTS: @entity33 was the most common @entity137 . Only 41% of @entity1 received > or = 90% of the planned dose time because of dose modification mainly for grade 1 @entity33 . Two @entity1 died after @entity1398 episodes. @entity137 otherwise was generally mild (< grade 2). One @entity1 had a pathologically confirmed complete response but relapsed after four months. Another had a partial response lasting 16 weeks. Eleven other @entity1 had stabilization of disease. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, 10-EDAM was not found to be an effective agent to treat @entity242 .

title: Phase II trial of 10-EDAM in @entity242 . A study of the @entity242 Group and the National XXXX Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'tissue sarcomas', 'advanced soft tissue sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis', 'Mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: @entity2008 involving double partial monosomies are very rare. A female @entity1 with non-mosaic monosomy 10p13-->10pter along with monosomy Xp11.4-->Xpter which arose de novo is described. The clinical manifestations of this @entity1 included @entity4242 , mild synophrys, short and down-slanted palpebral fissures, @entity735 , a @entity308 nasal bridge, @entity2169 , @entity4239 , a @entity1274 , and severe @entity851 . @entity16453 and @entity12203 were detected by flexible fibroscopy. No signs of @entity261 or defective cellular immunity could be found. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with whole-chromosome painting probes for chromosomes 10 and X was performed, which excluded the possibility of cryptic translocations of the involved chromosome segments. No submicroscopic chromosome 22q11 deletion could be found by FISH. Thus this very rare coexistence of double independent partial monosomies was confirmed. There are no previous reports of such concurrent double partial monosomies.

title: Double partial monosomies (10p- and Xp-) in a female baby with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic ears']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity4239 :: ('MESH:D008844', 'Disease') :: ['micrognathia']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ptosis of the left eye, long eyelashes']

entities_list: @entity261 :: ('MESH:D007011', 'Disease') :: ['hypoparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['short neck. sensorineural hearing impairment']

entities_list: @entity12203 :: ('MESH:D055092', 'Disease') :: ['laryngomalacia']

entities_list: @entity16453 :: ('MESH:D002754', 'Disease') :: ['Left choanal atresia']

entities_list: @entity4242 :: ('MESH:D008831', 'Disease') :: ['microcephaly']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['Chromosomal abnormalities']

answer: @entity16453 :: (MESH:D002754,Disease) :: ['choanal atresia']


abstract: @entity32735 ( @entity32736 ) is a chemotherapeutic drug that selectively targets @entity5 cells and mediates redox reactions generating reactive @entity26 species. @entity14688 ( @entity14688 ), @entity1110 , and @entity19877 ( @entity19877 ) of the cytosol/nucleus or mitochondria are major @entity1432 -dependent reductases with many functions in cell growth, defense against oxidative stress, and apoptosis. @entity1 TrxRs are @entity16266 -containing flavoenzymes; @entity32736 was an @entity1110 -oxidizing substrate for @entity1 or @entity35 TrxR1 with a Km value of 8.65 microM (kcat/Km of 4.86 x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1)). The reaction involved redox cycling of @entity32736 by @entity26 producing @entity224 and @entity273 . @entity32736 acted as a non-competitive inhibitor (IC50 of 6 microM) for @entity35 @entity19877 . In contrast, direct reaction between @entity32736 and reduced @entity1 @entity14688 was negligible. The corresponding reaction with reduced @entity526 @entity14688 was also negligible, but @entity32736 was a better substrate (kcat/Km of 2.23 x 10(5) M(-1) s(-1)) for @entity19877 from @entity526 and a strong inhibitor of @entity14688 -dependent protein @entity1520 reduction. @entity2151 reductase (RNR), a 1:1 complex of the non-identical R1- and R2-subunits, catalyzes the essential de novo synthesis of @entity49284 for DNA synthesis using electrons from @entity14688 and @entity19877 . @entity32736 inhibited recombinant @entity19 RNR activity with either 3 microM reduced @entity1 @entity14688 (IC50 2 microM) or 4 mM @entity3902 (IC50 6 microM) as electron donors. Our results demonstrate @entity32736 -induced enzymatic generation of reactive @entity26 species by @entity19877 plus a powerful inhibition of RNR. This may explain the effects of the drug on @entity5 cells, which often overproduce @entity19877 and have induced RNR for replication and repair.

title: @entity32735 , a @entity5 -selective drug targeting XXXX and @entity2151 reductase.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'Mammalian']

entities_list: @entity49284 :: ('MESH:D003854', 'Chemical') :: ['deoxyribonucleotides']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity32735 :: ('MESH:C437683', 'Chemical') :: ['Motexafin gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3902 :: ('MESH:D004229', 'Chemical') :: ['dithiothreitol']

entities_list: @entity16266 :: ('MESH:D017279', 'Chemical') :: ['selenocysteine']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity2151 :: ('CHEBI:26561', 'Chemical') :: ['Ribonucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity19877 :: ('25824', 'Gene') :: ['thioredoxin reductase', 'TrxR']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity19877 :: (25824,Gene) :: ['thioredoxin reductase']


abstract: @entity16850 is a @entity5 process that occurs most commonly in @entity1 but can also affect adults. The purpose of this report is to describe a series of 7 cases treated at the Otorhinolaryngology Department of the University Hospital Center in Brazzaville, Congo. Special focus is placed on particularities and pitfalls of management. There were 4 @entity1 and 3 @entity1 with a mean age of 8.4 years (range, 7 to 10 years). The mean duration between the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 3.4 years (range, 1 to 5 years). The initial symptom was choking in 3 cases, hoarseness in 2, and combined choking and hoarseness in 2. Tracheotomy was required in 3 cases. Instrumental debulking was performed in all cases. Two @entity1 died due to @entity3885 . Outcome was favorable in the remaining 5 cases. Our experience highlights the need for early diagnosis for optimal therapeutic outcome. In this regard information campaigns are necessary to educate doctors and parents.

title: [ XXXX : value of early diagnosis, apropos of 7 cases diagnosed at the University Hospital Center in Brazzaville, Congo].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'girls', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstruction of the cannula']

entities_list: @entity16850 :: ('MESH:C537876', 'Disease') :: ['Laryngeal papillomatosis']

answer: @entity16850 :: (MESH:C537876,Disease) :: ['Laryngeal papillomatosis']


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity3918 ) and its resultant complications are a problem worldwide, and especially in developing countries like South Africa (SA). Risk factors associated with @entity3918 are potentially modifiable, but @entity3918 control is poor. Problems in SA include high prevalence of morbidity from @entity3918 and @entity101 ( @entity101 ), lack of recognition of the importance of @entity740 ( @entity740 ), late presentation to health care services, lack of education of health providers and @entity1 , and poor quality of care in primary health care settings (PHC). In response, there has been growing advocacy for prevention strategies and improved support and education for primary health care nurses (PHCNs). A @entity102 Outreach Program (CDOP), based on the chronic care model was used to follow @entity1 with @entity3918 and @entity101 , support PHCN, and improve health systems for management in Soweto. A group of 257 @entity3918 @entity1 and 186 PHCN were followed over 2 years, with the study including the evaluation of 'functional' and clinical outcomes, diary recordings outlining program challenges, and a questionnaire assessing PHCNs' knowledge and education support, and the value of CDOP. CDOP was successful in supporting PHCNs, detecting @entity1 with @entity1442 , and ensuring early referral to a specialist center. It improved early detection and referral of high risk, poorly controlled @entity1 and had an impact on PHCNs' knowledge. Its weaknesses include poor follow up due to poor existing health systems and the programs' inability to integrate into existing chronic disease services. The study also revealed an overworked, poorly supported, poorly educated and frustrated primary health care team.

title: Managing type 2 diabetes in Soweto-The South African XXXX Outreach Program experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'HTN']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Disease']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['Chronic Disease']


abstract: @entity4210 , an obligate intracellular bacterium, is the aetiologic agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis (HGA). A. phagocytophilum virB/D operons encoding type IV secretion system are expressed in cell culture and in the blood of HGA @entity1 . In the present study, their expression across the A. phagocytophilum intracellular developmental cycle was investigated. We found that mRNA levels of both virB9 and virB6 were upregulated during infection of @entity1 neutrophils in vitro. The antibody against the recombinant VirB9 protein was prepared and immunogold and immunofluorescence labelling were used to determine the VirB9 protein expression by individual organisms. Majority of A. phagocytophilum spontaneously released from the infected host cells poorly expressed VirB9. At 1 h post infection, VirB9 was not detectable on most bacteria associated with neutrophils. However, VirB9 was strongly expressed by A. phagocytophilum during proliferation in neutrophils. In contrast, with HL-60 cells, approximately 80% of A. phagocytophilum organisms associated at 1 h post infection expressed VirB9 protein and were colocalized with @entity3220 ( @entity3220 ), whereas, VirB9-undetectable bacteria were not colocalized with @entity3220 . These results indicate developmental regulation of expression of components of type IV secretion system during A. phagocytophilum intracellular life cycle and suggest that bacterial developmental stages influence the nature of binding to the hosts and early avoidance of late endosome-lysosome pathway.

title: Differential expression of VirB9 and VirB6 during the life cycle of @entity4210 in XXXX leucocytes is associated with differential binding and avoidance of lysosome pathway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3220 :: ('3916', 'Gene') :: ['lysosome-associated membrane protein-1', 'LAMP-1']

entities_list: @entity4210 :: ('948', 'Species') :: ['Anaplasma phagocytophilum']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Numerous reports address bariatric outcomes in @entity28 or elderly @entity1 , but data addressing this high-risk combination is lacking. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess outcomes of bariatric surgery in the @entity28 elderly. SETTING: Academic institution, United States. METHODS: All primary bariatric cases performed on @entity1 aged 65 years or older with a body mass index (BMI)>= 50 kg/m(2) were retrospectively analyzed. Surgical approaches included laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB). RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 (26 female, 4 male) with a mean age of 67.1  2.7 years and BMI of 55.9  3.9 kg/m(2), who had LRYGB (n = 16), LSG (n = 6), or LAGB (n = 8), were identified. There were no deaths, conversions, or intraoperative complications. Three @entity1 were lost to follow-up after the 3-month visit. The early (<30 d) major morbidity rate was 10.0%. At a median follow-up of 37 (range, 6-95) months, the cohort had a mean BMI of 42.3  6.7 kg/m(2), which corresponded to a mean percent excess @entity353 of 44.5%  20.5% and mean percent total @entity353 of 24.4%  12.2%. The most percent excess @entity353 was achieved after LRYGB (54.1%  19.4%), followed by LSG (48.3%  10.2%) and then LAGB (26.2%  14.4%). @entity6 medication reduction in number and/or dosage was observed in 40% (6/15) @entity1 , and 33% (5/15) of @entity1 were completely off antidiabetic agents. CONCLUSIONS: Although further research is needed, the present data suggest that successful @entity353 and metabolic improvement can be achieved safely in the high-risk population of @entity28 elderly.

title: Bariatric and metabolic outcomes in the XXXX elderly.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetic']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['super-obese']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['super-obese']


abstract: The specific mechanisms underlying @entity6453 (PQ)-induced @entity651 remain unknown, which limits understanding of its cytotoxic potential. Although oxidative stress has been established as an important mechanism underlying @entity137 , multiple antioxidants have proven ineffective in attenuating the deleterious effects of PQ. Adiponectin, which shows anti-oxidative and antinitrative effects, may have the potential to reduce PQ-mediated injury. The present study determined the protective action of globular domain adiponectin (gAd) on PQ-induced @entity651 , and attempted to elucidate the underlying mechanism or mechanisms of action. BALB/c @entity19 were administered PQ, with and without 12 or 36 h of gAd pre-treatment. The pulmonary oxidative/nitrative status was assessed by measuring pulmonary O2 (   -), @entity224 dismutase (SOD), @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), @entity842 (NO) and 8-hydroxy-2-dydeoxy guanosine ( @entity7599 ) production, and blood @entity6837 (3-NT). At a dose of 20 mg/kg, PQ markedly increased O2 (   -), SOD, @entity1865 , NO and @entity7599 production 3 h post-administration, but did not significantly increase 3-NT levels until 12 h. gAd inhibited these changes in a dose-dependent manner, via transient activation of @entity1865 , followed by attenuation of @entity1865 formation from 6 h onwards. Histological analysis demonstrated that gAd decreased @entity4 and @entity32 . These results suggest that gAd protects against PQ-induced @entity651 by mitigating oxidative/nitrative stress. Furthermore, gAd may be a potential therapeutic agent for PQ-induced @entity651 , and further pharmacological studies are therefore warranted.

title: Adiponectin protects against XXXX -induced @entity651 by attenuating oxidative/nitrative stress.

entities_list: @entity6837 :: ('CHEBI:44454', 'Chemical') :: ['3-Nitrotyrosine']

entities_list: @entity6453 :: ('MESH:D010269', 'Chemical') :: ['paraquat']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['PQ toxicity']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory cell infiltration']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial edema']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity6453 :: (MESH:D010269,Chemical) :: ['paraquat']


abstract: Pale, soft, and exudative meat is a growing problem in the @entity233 industry that has been associated with processing conditions such as improper chilling. This condition is caused by accelerated postmortem glycolysis while carcass temperatures are still elevated, resulting in protein denaturation and poor meat quality. To evaluate the involvement of chilling rate, 48 toms were conventionally processed at 17.5 wk of age and chilled at 0,10, 20, or 30 C for 45 or 90 min and deboned. Temperature and pH of the breast fillet were recorded at 15 min, deboning time, and at 24 h postmortem (PM). @entity393 , L* value, expressible moisture, gel strength, and @entity393 were determined on the fillets at 24 h PM. At 15 min PM, there were no temperature differences among treatments. At deboning, the carcasses chilled at 30 C had the highest fillet temperature and had significantly lower pH values when compared to those chilled at 0 and 10 C. L* value was significantly higher in carcasses chilled at 30 C and deboned at 60 min PM when compared to 0 and 10 C chilled carcasses. There were no significant differences in L* values at 105 min and 24 h PM among any treatment group. @entity393 and @entity393 were significantly higher in carcasses chilled at 30 C compared to the remaining treatments. There were no differences in expressible moisture at 60 or 105 min PM or gel strength at 60 min PM in any of the treatments. However, at 105 min PM, carcasses chiled at 0 C had higher gel strength when compared to the remaining treatments. These results indicate that there is a relationship between chilling rates and meat quality with slower chilling producing PSE-like characteristics.

title: The role of carcass chilling rate in the development of pale, exudative XXXX pectoralis.

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['cook loss', 'Drip loss']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['turkey']


abstract: An objective measurement of @entity148 at defined intervals after the onset of @entity299 was made in 203 @entity1 admitted to the Coronary Care Unit, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, and in 83 @entity1 in a Teesside coronary survey. Of the Teesside @entity1 , 50 were treated at home, 22 were admitted initially to a coronary care unit, and 11 were admitted directly to a general medical ward. In the Edinburgh @entity1 the level of @entity148 was high early in the illness, fell rapidly, and rose again towards the end of their stay in hospital. At 4 months it was that of a normal population. After transfer from the coronary care unit the group was not more anxious than other @entity1 in the ward. Reaction to the illness was unrelated to its physical severity. @entity1 who reacted badly at the beginning were less likely to return to work. The pattern of @entity148 in the Teesside @entity1 resembled that of the Edinburgh group, and reaction to illness was largely independent of physical aspects. Treatment in hospital, either through a coronary care unit initially or in a medical ward, did not increase emotional distress. At 3 months @entity1 treated initially in a coronary care unit were less anxious than the others. Throughout the period of study the Teesside @entity1 were more anxious than the Edinburgh @entity1 and outcome was not related to @entity148 . Social and environmental differences may account for this.

title: @entity148 after a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['acute cardiac symptoms']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart attack']


abstract: The structure and geometry of @entity3884 -bonded complexes formed between heterocyclic bases, namely, @entity4605 and @entity62998 ( @entity62998 ), and water were experimentally studied by NMR spectroscopy in frozen phase and in highly polar aprotic liquefied freon mixtures and theoretically modeled for gas phase. @entity3884 -bonded species in frozen heterocycle-water mixtures were characterized experimentally using 15N NMR. When base was in excess, one water molecule was symmetrically bonded to two heterocyclic molecules. This complex was characterized by the rHN distances of 1.82 Angstrom for @entity4605 and 1.92 Angstrom for @entity62998 . The proton-donating ability of water in such complexes was affected by an anticooperative interaction between the two coupled @entity3884 bonds and exhibited an apparent pK(a) value of about 6.0. When water was in excess, it formed water clusters @entity3884 bonded to base. Theoretical analysis of binding energies of small model heterocycle-water clusters indicated that water in such clusters was oriented as a chain. The NMR estimated rHN distances in these species were 1.69 Angstrom for @entity4605 and 1.64 Angstrom for @entity62998 . Here, the proton-donating ability of the @entity3787 group bonded to the heterocycle was affected by a mutual cooperative interaction with other water molecules in the chain and became comparable to the proton-donating ability of a fictitious acid, exhibiting an apparent pK(a) value of about 4.9. This value seems to depend only slightly on the length of the water chain and on the presence of another base at the other end of the chain if more than two water molecules are involved. Thus, the proton-donating ability of the outer @entity3787 groups of biologically relevant water bridges should be comparable to the proton-donating ability of a fictitious acid exhibiting a pK(a) value of about 4.9 in water. Driven by the mixing entropy, monomeric water presented in the aprotic freonic mixtures above 170 K but completely precipitated upon further cooling. Traces of water could be suspended in the mixtures down to 130 K in the presence of about 20-fold excess of heterocyclic bases. The obtained experimental data indicated that at these conditions water trended to form the symmetric 2:1 heterocycle-water complexes, whose bridge protons resonated around 6.7 ppm.

title: Nuclear magnetic resonance and ab initio studies of small complexes formed between water and XXXX derivatives in solid and liquid phases.

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity62998 :: ('MESH:C007106', 'Chemical') :: ['2,4,6-trimethylpyridine', 'collidine']

entities_list: @entity4605 :: ('MESH:C023666', 'Chemical') :: ['pyridine']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen', 'Hydrogen']

answer: @entity4605 :: (MESH:C023666,Chemical) :: ['pyridine']


abstract: We investigated whether a structured medium- and long-chain @entity1674 (MLCT) diet could decrease accumulation of body fat in healthy @entity1 . The study was conducted under a double-blind randomized design. Ninety-three subjects participated in this study. However, 10 subjects could not consume the specified meal, and one subject wished to opt out. Consequently, the study included 82 subjects. The experimental subjects consumed the test bread, which was made with 14 g of MLCT containing 1.7 g MCFA, daily at breakfast during the study period of 12 weeks, and the control subjects consumed bread made with long-chain @entity1674 (LCT). All subjects consumed the same standard packaged meals. Body composition parameters were body weight, total body fat and abdominal fat, and blood analyses included serum @entity165 , @entity1674 and phospholipids. Significant decreases of body weight, the amount of body fat, subcutaneous and visceral fat were noted in the MLCT group as compared with those of the LCT group for 12 weeks (P<0.05). Furthermore, a significant decrease in serum total @entity165 was noted in the MLCT group as compared with that of the LCT group at 8 weeks (P<0.05). However, other serum parameters were not different between the MLCT and LCT groups. The results suggest that the daily intake of MLCT diet could result in a reduction in body weight and in accumulation of body fat, and, moreover, it could reduce serum total @entity165 .

title: Effect of dietary medium- and long-chain XXXX (MLCT) on accumulation of body fat in healthy @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerols']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1674 :: (MESH:D014280,Chemical) :: ['triacylglycerols']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity14573 is a well-described complication of @entity409 . Previous reports in adults and @entity1 undergoing liver transplantation (LT) were discordant, with the former showing no improvement of @entity79 in the first year after transplantation and the latter demonstrating remarkable benefit from it. Our aim was to perform a pilot study on @entity14573 in @entity1 undergoing LT and evaluate the contribution of growth on @entity79 ( @entity79 ) changes. METHODS: We studied six @entity1 (two male), with a median age at transplantation of 8.8 (range 3.8-16.6) years. Indications for transplantation were @entity2876 and progressive @entity9744 (three @entity1 each). @entity79 was studied with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and biochemical markers of liver and bone function in @entity1 before and at 3, 6, and 12 months after LT. RESULTS: Median L2-L4 spinal @entity79 was 0.54 g/cm2 (range 0.29-0.87) before LT, and 0.58 g/cm2 (0.27-0.86) at 3 months, 0.66 g/cm2 (0.36-1.00) at 6 months, and 0.76 g/cm2 (0.44-1.02) at 12 months after LT (P=0.005). Median height was 133 (range 93-167) cm before LT, and 134 (93-167) at 3 months, 136 (97-167) at 6 months, and 139 (102-167) at 12 months after LT. There was direct correlation between height gain and total body @entity79 improvement (r=0.929, P=0.007). CONCLUSION: @entity79 in @entity1 with chronic @entity409 improves remarkably by 12 months after LT. Catch-up growth in @entity1 can account for the different effect of LT on bone density between adult and pediatric populations in the first year after surgery.

title: Bone mineral density and height gain in XXXX with chronic @entity409 undergoing transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease', 'cholestatic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity14573 :: ('MESH:D012080', 'Disease') :: ['Osteodystrophy', 'osteodystrophy']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD', 'bone disease']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity9744 :: ('MESH:D002780', 'Disease') :: ['familial intrahepatic cholestasis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Sleep is an essential biological process that is thought to have a critical role in metabolic regulation. In @entity1 , @entity25 has been associated with risk for @entity209 , including @entity1017 , @entity6 , @entity28 , and @entity65 . However, our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying effects of @entity25 is only in its nascent stages. In this study we used @entity35 and @entity1 models to simulate modern-day conditions of restricted sleep and addressed cross-species consequences via comprehensive metabolite profiling. Serum from sleep-restricted @entity35 was analyzed using polar and nonpolar methods in two independent datasets (n = 10 per study, 3,380 measured features, 407 identified). A total of 38 features were changed across independent experiments, with the majority classified as lipids (18 from 28 identified). In a parallel @entity1 study, 92 metabolites were identified as potentially significant, with the majority also classified as lipids (32 of 37 identified). Intriguingly, two metabolites, @entity11439 and @entity2366 36:3, were robustly and quantitatively reduced in both species following sleep restriction, and recovered to near baseline levels after sleep restriction (P < 0.05, false-discovery rate < 0.2). Elevated phospholipids were also noted after sleep restriction in both species, as well as metabolites associated with an oxidizing environment. In addition, polar metabolites reflective of neurotransmitters, @entity4571 , and gut metabolism were elevated in sleep-restricted @entity1 . These results are consistent with induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and disruptions of the circadian clock. The findings provide a potential link between known pathologies of @entity25 and @entity209 , and potential biomarkers for @entity25 .

title: XXXX and @entity2366 36:3 are cross-species markers of @entity25 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity11439 :: ('MESH:D019815', 'Chemical') :: ['oxalic acid']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic dysfunction', 'metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['reduced sleep duration', 'sleep loss']

answer: @entity11439 :: (MESH:D019815,Chemical) :: ['Oxalic acid']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Despite long standing @entity1496 supplementation in Iran the prevalence of @entity5651 remains high in some areas. This may suggest that causes other than @entity1496 deficiency, such as @entity1669 , should also be considered. We therefore assessed the prevalence of anti-thyroid antibodies in @entity1 living in an inland area in Iran and correlated these findings with prevalence of @entity5651 within this region. METHODS: In a cross-sectional study, 1948 students were selected by multistage random cluster sampling from the 108 primary schools (age, 7-13 year-old) of the urban and rural areas of Semirom. After obtaining written consent from their parents, the @entity1 were examined by endocrinologists for @entity5651 grading. Grade 2 goitrous @entity1 (108 cases) were compared with non-goitrous @entity1 (111 @entity1 as control group) for anti-thyroid antibodies. RESULTS: Overall, 36.7% of 1948 students had @entity5651 . The mean urinary @entity1496 excretion level was 1.49+/-0.7 micromol/L. This was within normal limits. Of 219 @entity1 studied, 4.3% presented with @entity1375 , and 7.3% had positive anti-thyroid antibodies. There was non-significant difference of positive thyroperoxidase antibody (anti- @entity5787 ) (Odds Ratio= 3.2, p= 0.13) but significant difference of anti Tg between goitrous and non goitrous @entity1 (Odds Ratio: 5.6, 95% CI: 1.18-26.0, p: 0.015). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that @entity792 may be one of the mechanisms responsible for @entity5651 persistence after @entity1496 replenishment in this @entity1496 deficient region, but the role of other factors should also be considered.

title: High prevalence of XXXX in an @entity1496 replete area: do thyroid auto-antibodies play a role?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid diseases']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity5651 :: (MESH:D006042,Disease) :: ['goiter']


abstract: @entity177 ( @entity177 ) is a frequent complication following cord blood transplantation (CBT). For those @entity1 who will not experience autologous recovery, salvage transplantation should be performed as early as possible. However, standardized treatment protocols for @entity177 , such as the optimal stem cell source, preparative regimen and the ideal time for salvage transplantation, have yet to be determined. Therefore, we analyzed 17 @entity1583 @entity1 who received unmanipulated haploidentical peripheral blood (PB) and BM transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) as a salvage therapy for @entity177 after CBT. The median interval between the two transplantations was 38 days. The RIC regimen for salvage transplantation consisted of @entity3118 , antithymocyte globulin, CY and low-dose TBI. The neutrophil and plt engraftments were achieved in 14 (82.4%) and 13 (76.4%) @entity1 , respectively. The cumulative incidences of grades II-IV and grades III-IV aGVHD were 35.3% and 17.6%, respectively. The cumulative incidence of chronic GVHD was 29.4%. After a median follow-up of 43 months, 10 of 17 @entity1 remained alive in CR. The cumulative incidence of TRM at 180 days was 29.4%. The probability of 3-year @entity3012 and @entity1778 -free survival was 57.5%. Our results show that unmanipulated haploidentical PB and BM transplantation under a RIC regimen is an effective treatment for @entity177 after CBT.Bone Marrow Transplantation advance online publication, 3 November 2014; doi:10.1038/bmt.2014.250.

title: Successful early unmanipulated haploidentical transplantation with reduced-intensity conditioning for primary graft failure after cord blood transplantation in @entity1583 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['Primary graft failure', 'pGF']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['fludarabine']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIMS: Data regarding the prevalence of @entity1277 ( @entity1277 ) and their influence on clinical outcomes among @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 (T2DM) are scarce. Our aim is to investigate the frequency of positive screening for @entity1277 , specifically @entity5550 ( @entity5550 ), in a T2DM sample and analyze whether there are any differences among T2DM subjects with a positive screening for @entity1277 or @entity5550 . METHODS: Three hundred and twenty subjects with T2DM were recruited randomly. All @entity1 were evaluated for the presence of @entity1277 by completing the "Eating Attitudes Test-26" (EAT-26). In addition, the "Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patterns-Revised" (QEWP-R) for the screening of @entity5550 was also implemented. Sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical parameters were also recorded. RESULTS: According to EAT-26, 14  % of subjects screened positive for @entity1277 . Regarding QEWP-R, 16  % had a positive screening for @entity1277 , with @entity5550 having a frequency of 12.2  %, being the most prevalent one. There was a positive correlation between the scores obtained with the EAT-26 and the Beck Depression Inventory (p  =  0.0014). @entity1 with @entity5550 were younger (57.5      11.1 vs 63.3      10.3  years; p  =  0.004), with a lesser T2DM duration (8.5      6.1 vs 12.1      9.6  years; p  =  0.002). Weight and BMI among subjects with @entity5550 were greater (89.1      1.3 vs 82.4      16.7  kg; p  =  0.04 and 39.4      10.3 vs 30.7      5.5  kg/m(2); p  =  0.01). The frequency of subjects with one admission related to T2DM or any other condition during the last year was higher (10 vs 3  %; p  =  0.04 and 33 vs 21  %; p  =  0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1277 among T2DM are frequent. Due to their deleterious effect on different metabolic and psychological outcomes, they should be diagnosed promptly, especially @entity5550 .

title: @entity1277 are frequent among @entity164 2 @entity6 XXXX and are associated with worse metabolic and psychological outcomes: results from a cross-sectional study in primary and secondary care settings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity5550 :: ('MESH:D056912', 'Disease') :: ['BED', 'binge eating disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Frailty, defined as a biologic syndrome of decreased reserve and resistance to stressors, has been linked to adverse outcomes after surgery. We evaluated the effect of frailty on 30-day mortality, morbidity, and failure to rescue (FTR) in @entity1 undergoing elective @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) repair. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing elective endovascular @entity1028 repair (EVAR) or open @entity1028 repair (OAR) were identified in the National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database for the years 2005 to 2012. Frailty was assessed using the modified frailty index (mFI) derived from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA). The primary outcome was 30-day mortality, and secondary outcomes included 30-day morbidity and FTR. The effect of frailty on outcomes was assessed by multivariate regression analysis, adjusted for age, American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) class, and significant comorbidities. RESULTS: Of 23,207 @entity1 , 339 (1.5% overall; 1.0% EVAR and 3.0% OAR) died  <=30  days of repair. One or more complications occurred in 2567 @entity1 (11.2% overall; 7.8% EVAR and 22.1% OAR). Odds ratios (ORs) for mortality adjusted for age, ASA class, and other comorbidities in the group with the highest frailty score were 1.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.2-3.0) after EVAR and 2.3 (95% CI, 1.4-3.7) after OAR. Similarly, compared with the least frail, the most frail @entity1 were significantly more likely to experience severe (Clavien-Dindo class IV) complications after EVAR (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.1) and OAR (OR, 1.8; 95%, CI, 1.5-2.1). There was also a higher FTR rate among frail @entity1 , with 1.7-fold higher risk odds of mortality (95% CI, 1.2-2.5) in the highest tertile of frailty compared with the lowest when @entity260 occurred. CONCLUSIONS: Higher mFI, independent of other risk factors, is associated with higher mortality and morbidity in @entity1 undergoing elective EVAR and OAR. The mortality in frail @entity1 is further driven by FTR from @entity260 . Preoperative recognition of frailty may serve as a useful adjunct for risk assessment.

title: Frailty increases the risk of 30-day mortality, morbidity, and failure to rescue after elective XXXX repair independent of age and comorbidities.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency, severity, and associations of symptoms of @entity71 ( @entity71 ) in @entity1 with @entity2724 with and without @entity2725 . DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey. SETTING: Four French national reference centers for @entity2724 . @entity1 : One hundred eight consecutively referred @entity1 aged younger than 18 y with @entity2724 , with (NwC, n = 86) or without @entity2725 (NwoC, n = 22), and 67 healthy controls. INTERVENTIONS: The @entity1 , their families, and sleep specialists completed a structured interview and questionnaires about sleep, @entity25 , @entity1295 , and @entity71 symptoms ( @entity71 -rating scale based upon Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of @entity146 , Fourth Edition, Text Revision [DSM-IV-TR] symptoms), and use of psychostimulants for the treatment of @entity2724 (administered in 68.2%). Polysomnographic measures were collected. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Clinically significant levels of @entity71 symptoms were found in 4.8% of controls compared with 35.3% in @entity1 with NwoC (P < 0.001) and 19.7% in @entity1 with NwC (P < 0.01). Total @entity71 scores were 6.4 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.5, 9.0) in controls compared with 14.2 (95% CI: 10.6, 18.9; P < 0.001), in @entity1 with NwoC and 12.2 (95% CI: 9.8, 15.3; P < 0.01) in @entity1 with NwC; subscores of inattention and @entity2915 /impulsivity were also significantly higher in both @entity2724 groups compared with controls. No difference was found between the NwC and NwoC groups for any @entity71 measure. @entity71 symptom severity was associated with increased levels of @entity25 . Compared with the 34 untreated @entity1 , the 73 @entity1 treated with psychostimulants ( @entity2728 in 91%) showed a trend toward @entity304 but not lower @entity71 symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric @entity1 with @entity2724 have high levels of treatment-resistant @entity71 symptoms. The optimal treatment for @entity71 symptoms in these @entity1 warrants further evaluation in longitudinal intervention studies.

title: @entity71 ( XXXX ) Symptoms in @entity2724 : A Cross-Sectional Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2725 :: ('MESH:D002385', 'Disease') :: ['cataplexy']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['lower narcolepsy symptoms']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Mental Disorders']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity2724 :: ('MESH:D009290', 'Disease') :: ['narcolepsy']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity2728 :: ('MESH:C048833', 'Chemical') :: ['modafinil']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['daytime sleepiness', 'sleepiness, fatigue, and insomnia']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['ADHD']


abstract: The increasingly performed en bloc resection of @entity96 has contributed to the improvement of long-term survival in @entity1 with @entity201 . Based on preoperative definition of operative strategy we tried to avoid any traumatization of the hilar region. Between September 1997 and September 2002, 82 @entity1 with @entity201 were treated at our department. Three @entity1 were excluded from any surgery. The resection rate was 75% (59 of 79); 79% (38 of 48) of en bloc resections of the @entity5 and adjacent liver were formally curative. The hospital mortality was 7%. The 1- and 3-year survival rates of @entity1 after explorative laparotomy, palliative and curative resection was 27 and 7%, 67 and 26%, 89 and 45% ( p<0.001), respectively. The 1- and 3-year survival rates of @entity1 after en bloc resection were 78 and 49%, respectively. In @entity1 with formally curative en bloc resection ( n=38), the 3-year survival rate was 63%; in @entity1 with N0/R0 resection ( n=31) it was 71%. Lymph node involvement proved to be the only independent prognostic marker if @entity1 who underwent hilar and en bloc resection were included in the multivariate analysis. The R situation was the only significant predictor for @entity1 after en bloc resection. These data justify the extended diagnostic work-up and the principal liver resection in @entity201 .

title: [ XXXX -- results of en bloc resection of @entity5 and liver].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['hilar cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['hilar tumor']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver and hilar tumor']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['Hilar cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: A 68-year-old @entity1 was evaluated by her primary physician for swelling and @entity158 in the right neck. Treatment with antibiotics failed to achieve any improvement. Two weeks later, she was hospitalized to the gastroenterology department because of @entity409 and @entity55 . @entity5642 ( @entity5642 ) was diagnosed, and protease inhibitor and @entity479 pulse therapy were started. She was transferred to our department for further evaluation the following day. Bone marrow examination revealed hemophagocytosis and infiltration of CD3-positive cells. @entity3928 were identified in the liver. Her prothrombin time was 35.7% of the standard value 17  days from disease onset, despite improvement of @entity5642 . She was diagnosed with @entity879 based on the Japanese diagnostic criteria. Her general condition worsened quickly, which prevented use of chemotherapy, and she died after a total course of 19  days. Autopsy revealed atypical lymphocytes in the liver. The diagnosis was @entity3191 .

title: A case of @entity3191 presenting with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity3928 :: ('MESH:C536030', 'Disease') :: ['Multiple masses']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['acute liver failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3191 :: ('MESH:D016411', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral T-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['DIC', 'Disseminated intravascular coagulation']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['acute liver failure']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Enhanced responses to vasoconstriction induced by neuropeptide Y and a2-adrenoceptor agonists have been seen following pharmacological activation of the adenylyl cyclase (AC) system. Since preliminary studies revealed only minor responses to @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ) in @entity1 omental arteries, we have investigated whether enhanced activity of AC may unravel further functional @entity2178 receptors. @entity1 omental arteries were obtained in conjunction with elective gut surgery. After dissection of the vessel, the endothelium was removed by 10 sec of @entity6000 treatment. Ring segments (1-2 mm long) were mounted on a myograph and studied. @entity2178 produced small contractions, 27  5% relative to the response elicited by 60 mM @entity3529 . However, enhanced @entity2178 (105  10%, p<0.001) responses were seen during AC activation by @entity1928 (0.1-1   M). This enhanced contractile response to @entity2178 was not inhibited by the @entity2178 type 2 ( @entity19496 -receptor antagonist @entity11083 (0.1   M), but was blocked in an insurmountable way by the @entity7743 antagonist @entity1564 (1 nM) and in a surmountable manner by @entity9886 (0.1   M) and @entity7056 (0.1   M). Pertussis toxin (a Gi-protein blocker) and the protein kinase C inhibitor, @entity25387 (0.01, 0.1 and 1   M), markedly reduced this response, while the protein kinase A inhibitor, @entity9501 (1, 10   M), had no effect. RT-PCR provided evidence for the presence of mRNA for both @entity7743 - and @entity19496 -receptors. The results suggest that both a @entity268 -dependent and a @entity268 -independent mechanism are involved in the contractile responses to @entity2178 in @entity1 omental arteries and that both responses are mediated via the @entity7743 -receptor.

title: Evidence for a cyclic AMP-dependent pathway in angiotensin @entity7743 -receptor activation of XXXX omental arteries.

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II', 'Ang II']

entities_list: @entity7056 :: ('MESH:C081309', 'Chemical') :: ['irbesartan']

entities_list: @entity1564 :: ('MESH:C081643', 'Chemical') :: ['candesartan']

entities_list: @entity7743 :: ('185', 'Gene') :: ['AT1', 'angiotensin II type 1 (AT1)-receptor']

entities_list: @entity9886 :: ('MESH:D019808', 'Chemical') :: ['losartan']

entities_list: @entity1928 :: ('MESH:D005576', 'Chemical') :: ['forskolin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate a @entity1 meibomian gland epithelial cell line (HMGEC) as a model for meibomian gland (patho)physiology in vitro. METHODS: HMGEC were cultured in the absence or presence of serum. @entity38353 lipid staining, ultrastructural analysis and lipidomic analyses were performed. Impedance sensing, desmoplakin 1/2 mRNA and cytokeratin (CK) 1, 5, 6, 14 levels were evaluated. Serum containing medium supplemented with higher serum, @entity413 , an omega-3 lipid cocktail, @entity7784 or sebomed medium were investigated for lipid accumulation and ultrastructural morphology. RESULTS: Lipid droplet accumulation in HMGEC was induced by serum containing media after 1 day, but decreased over time. Cultivation in serum induced desmosome and cytokeratin filament formation. Desmoplakin 1/2 gene levels were significantly upregulated after 1d of serum treatment. Furthermore, the normalized impedance increased significantly. Lipidome analysis revealed high levels of phospholipids (over 50%), but very low levels of wax @entity13507 and @entity8557 (under 1%). Stimulation with @entity7784 increased lipid accumulation after one day. CONCLUSION: Serum treatment of HMGEC caused lipid droplet formation to some extent but also induced keratinization. The cells did not produce typical meibum lipids under these growth conditions. HMGEC are well suited to study (hyper)keratinization processes of meibomian gland epithelial cells in vitro.

title: Serum-Induced Keratinization Processes in an Immortalized XXXX Meibomian Gland Epithelial Cell Line.

entities_list: @entity7784 :: ('MESH:D015118', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosapentaenoic acid']

entities_list: @entity8557 :: ('MESH:D002788', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesteryl esters']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: INTRODUCTION. @entity1742 is regarded as @entity16 characterized by a loss of ability to execute and carry out skilled movements and gestures despite intact motor and sensory systems, coordination, and comprehension. As reflected in the specialized literature, there are currently few tests that provide a global evaluation of this syndrome. This research created and designed a test for the Evaluation of @entity3140 (EULA), based on theoretical models of @entity1742 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS. A sample of 57 @entity1 was selected with subjective cognitive manifestations (complaints of @entity73 ) and 39 subjects without @entity73 . Both groups were given the EULA test as well as other tests. The structure of the EULA was verified with principal components factor analysis, and the reliability and validity of this instrument were also calculated. RESULTS. The factor analysis classified all of the items in the test in nine factors with an explained total variance of 69.91%. The high reliability of the test was reflected in a Cronbach's alpha of 0.929 and a Guttman split-half coefficient of 0.870. The construct validity was also satisfactory as shown in the significant correlation of six of the nine factors in the test with two other well-known @entity1742 subtests. CONCLUSIONS. The healthy subjects had a higher test score than the subjects with complaints of @entity73 , which confirmed the reliability and construct validity of the EULA.

title: Creation and design of a test for the Evaluation of XXXX (EULA) based on a cognitive model: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorder']

entities_list: @entity3140 :: ('MESH:D038062', 'Disease') :: ['Upper Limb Apraxia']

entities_list: @entity1742 :: ('MESH:D001072', 'Disease') :: ['Apraxia', 'apraxia']

answer: @entity3140 :: (MESH:D038062,Disease) :: ['Upper Limb Apraxia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Since the discovery of the first documented case of Paecilomyces in 1963, only five cases of Paecilomyces @entity1244 have been described to date and all of them have predisposing factors such as immunocompromised status or prior nasal surgery. We present the first case of Paecilomyces lilacinus @entity1244 in a fit young @entity1 with no identified predisposing factors. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first known case in the UK and in Europe. CASE PRESENTATION: A 20-year-old Iraqi @entity1 who has lived in the UK for the past five years presented with @entity5254 , @entity9905 , and nasal obstruction. She was previously fit and well and had no significant medical history. Imaging revealed a @entity364 that was eventually revealed on cytological examination to be P. lilacinus. CONCLUSIONS: P. lilacinus is both a difficult and important organism to identify because it has intrinsic anti-fungal resistance. In our case, the @entity281 was severe and recurrent, and the organism demonstrated resistance to common oral anti-fungal agents. There was a delay in its diagnosis, owing to its similarity in appearance to Penicillium and a difficulty in distinguishing between the two without specialized knowledge of @entity364 . In the field of otolaryngology, Paecilomyces is relatively unknown. Our intention is to raise awareness of this organism as well as to describe the challenges in its management.

title: Paecilomyces lilacinus causing debilitating XXXX in an immunocompetent @entity1 : a case report.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity5254 :: ('MESH:D002559', 'Disease') :: ['rhinorrhea']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['fungal taxonomy', 'fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1244 :: (MESH:D012852,Disease) :: ['sinusitis']


abstract: This paper describes the development of an isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the routine analysis of recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ) in liposome samples. The chromatographic system employed a C4 column maintained at 30 degrees C eluted with 52.5% (w/w) @entity1626 in water, containing 100 mM @entity12160 and 10 mM @entity30057 . To remove phospholipid interference the chromatographic method was combined with a lipid-extraction procedure. No significant loss of @entity5041 was noted upon inclusion of this extraction step. The protein eluted from the column with a capacity factor (k') of 5.8. The method was validated for robustness, linearity, precision and reproducibility. It was shown that the method was linear over a sample concentration range of 1-100 microg/ml. Upon assessment of the intra-day and inter-day precision, the relative standard deviations (RSD) were within the range of the methodical error (approximately 5%), except at the lower concentration of 10 microg/ml, where the intra-day RSD was relatively high (17.8%). The recovery of @entity5041 upon liposome preparation and subsequent analysis of the samples was in the range 94+/-9%. The results indicate that the method is suitable for routine quantitation of @entity5041 in liposomal samples.

title: Development of a routine analysis method for liposome encapsulated recombinant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1626 :: ('MESH:C032159', 'Chemical') :: ['acetonitrile']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: PURPOSE: Three-dimensional (3D) printing for preoperative planning has been intensively developed in the recent years. However, the implementation of these solutions in hospitals is still difficult due to high costs, extremely expensive industrial-grade printers, and software that is difficult to obtain and learn along with a lack of a defined process. This paper presents a cost-effective technique of preparing 3D-printed liver models that preserves the shape and all of the structures, including the vessels and the @entity5 , which in the present case is @entity14 . METHODS: The @entity1 's computed tomography scans were used for the separation and visualization of virtual 3D anatomical structures. Those elements were transformed into stereolithographic files and subsequently printed on a desktop 3D printer. The multipart structure was assembled and filled with @entity1346 . The @entity1 underwent subsequent laparoscopic right hemihepatectomy. The entire process is described step-by-step, and only free-to-use and mostly open-source software was used. RESULTS: As a result, a transparent, full-sized liver model with visible vessels and colorectal metastasis was created for under  150, which-taking into account 3D printer prices-is much cheaper than models presented in previous research papers. CONCLUSIONS: The increased accessibility of 3D models for physicians before complex laparoscopic surgical procedures such as hepatic resections could lead to beneficial breakthroughs in these sophisticated surgeries, as many reports show that these models reduce operative time and improve short term outcomes.

title: Cost-effective, personalized, 3D-printed liver model for preoperative planning before laparoscopic liver hemihepatectomy for XXXX metastases.

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal liver metastasis']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the influence of hip and pelvic @entity174 , especially acetabular @entity174 complicated by @entity1930 on clinical features and prognosis of @entity1930 . METHODS: From January 1987 to January 2000, 17 @entity1 (14 male and 3 female) who had hip and @entity174 complicated by @entity1930 were treated with operative reduction and internal fixation and followed up from 10 months to 5 years. The average age was 38 years (ranging 23-56 years). The left extremities were involved in 11 @entity1 and the right in 6. Twelve @entity1 underwent primary exploration and neurolysis and 5 @entity1 underwent secondary operation. RESULTS: Preoperatively, 8 @entity1 were treated with large doses of oral narcotics to control their severe @entity158 . Three of the 8 @entity1 underwent @entity1 -controlled analgesia and epidural analgesia. After operation, excellent and good rates of reduction and functional recovery of sciatic nerve were 94.1% and 88% respectively. Four @entity1 still had @entity158 and 2 @entity1 failed to recover. Sciatic nerve function improved within 3-6 months after surgery in 11 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Hip and @entity174 can result in @entity1930 , especially common @entity3030 and prognosis is poor. Open reduction and internal fixation combined with nerve exploration and neurolysis should be used as early as possible for severe @entity158 .

title: Hip and XXXX and @entity1930 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3030 :: ('MESH:D020427', 'Disease') :: ['peroneal nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['sciatic pain']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['sciatic nerve injury']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['pelvic fractures']


abstract: Insulin-like growth factors I and II ( @entity442 and @entity5100 ) are growth factors implicated in both normal mammary gland development and @entity0 . We have previously reported on the effects of components of the IGF system on breast epithelial cells. Since data suggests that stromal-epithelial interactions play a crucial role in @entity0 , we have now investigated the mitogenic properties of @entity442 , @entity5100 , @entity2301 ( @entity2301 ) and @entity4179 ( @entity4179 ) on @entity1 breast stromal cells in primary culture. We show that, under serum-free conditions, stromal cells are stimulated to grow in response to @entity442 and @entity5100 in a dose-dependent manner. @entity442 and @entity4179 , a potent stimulator of @entity1 breast epithelial cell growth in primary culture and also associated with @entity0 , appear to stimulate stromal cell growth in a synergistic manner. @entity2301 does not inhibit the stimulation of growth by @entity442 , or @entity442 plus @entity4179 . However, @entity2301 does inhibit the stimulation of growth by @entity5100 . In contrast to our previous results with @entity1 breast epithelial cells, @entity2301 does not have an IGF-independent inhibitory effect on stromal cell growth. This study is the first to address the effects of @entity442 , @entity5100 and @entity2301 alone and in combination with @entity4179 on @entity1 breast stromal cell growth in primary culture. Characterizing the role of the IGF system in both normal breast epithelial cells and stromal cells will aid in our understanding of the mechanisms behind the role of the IGF system in @entity0 .

title: @entity2301 and XXXX on @entity1 breast stromal cells in primary culture.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2301 :: ('3486', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3', 'IGFBP-3']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

answer: @entity4179 :: (1950,Gene) :: ['epidermal growth factor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Locally advanced and/or @entity0 (LABC) is a heterogeneous disease. Molecular markers may help to understand this heterogeneity. This paper reports the results of a study assessing the potential prognostic or predictive value of @entity1722 , @entity876 , @entity4910 , @entity1758 , ER and @entity7273 expression by immunohistochemistry from @entity1 included in an EORTC-NCIC-SAKK trial. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 448 @entity1 with a cytological or histological diagnosis of LABC were randomised into a trial comparing two @entity4349 -based neoadjuvant regimens. Chemotherapy was followed by standard locoregional therapy. Survival was comparable in both arms. We collected and analysed centrally paraffin-embedded @entity5 specimens from 187 (72.5%) of 258 @entity1 that had a histological diagnosis. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 included in this molecular marker study 114 relapsed and 91 died. In the multivariate analysis @entity876 positivity was associated with a shorter progression-free survival [hazard ratio (HR) = 1.96; 95% CI 1.33-2.91; P = 0.0008) and a shorter overall survival (HR = 1.98; 95% CI 1.28-3.06; P = 0.002). @entity7273 positivity predicted for a longer overall survival (HR = 0.54; 95% CI 0.35-0.83; P = 0.0045). CONCLUSIONS: @entity876 was an independent factor predicting for survival. In order to clarify whether @entity876 is a pure prognostic and/or a predictive factor, a phase III trial is being conducted (EORTC 10994/BIG 00-01 study) using functional assay in @entity375 from frozen @entity5 samples.

title: Locally advanced/ XXXX treated with intensive epirubicin-based neoadjuvant chemotherapy: are there molecular markers in the primary @entity5 that predict for 5-year clinical outcome?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity4349 :: ('CHEBI:48120', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['inflammatory breast cancers']


abstract: The search for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) defects in @entity5 has been the subject of several recent studies. We have performed qualitative and quantitative analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNAs in a series of 19 renal and 12 thyroid oncocytic @entity5 to identify specific alterations that might predict the clinical and biological behavior of these @entity5 . Allelic losses were seen in 2 of 19 @entity703 and 5 of 12 @entity259 . Among all loci (3p, 3q, 9q, 10q, 11p, 17p, and 17q) that showed losses, losses at 10q (one @entity703 and three @entity259 ) were significantly higher (P < 0.05) than expected. Analysis of the COX I region previously reported to be altered in oncocytomas and the delta-loop region of mtDNA showed no detectable abnormalities in the restriction pattern in 10 renal and five @entity259 . PCR analysis of the commonly deleted 4,977-bp region failed to detect an increased frequency of mtDNA deletions in @entity5 compared to the controls. In addition, segmental amplification of the complete mtDNA from a @entity8880 using nine sets of primers revealed no gross alteration in mtDNA. @entity5 showed a mean 5-fold increase in mitochondrial DNA, which was significant (P < 0.001) when compared to corresponding controls. The relative increase in the cellular content of mtDNA may be associated with alterations in the normal coordinated interaction between the nuclear and mitochondrial genomes. Allelic deletions at 10q may be significant in the biology of oncocytic @entity5 , and their impact on the clinical behavior of these @entity5 warrants further investigation.

title: Analysis of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA alterations in thyroid and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Oncocytic tumors', 'oncocytic neoplasms', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity8880 :: ('MESH:C537750', 'Disease') :: ['renal oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid tumors']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor', 'renal tumors']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['renal oncocytic tumors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Malignant @entity3885 by an unresectable @entity5 makes ingesting food or liquids impossible for @entity1 . The @entity1 's quality of life deteriorates rapidly, leading to a dismal prognosis. The modified Devine exclusion (MDE) method of open laparotomy has been reported to be effective in such cases. METHODS: We performed laparoscopic MDE gastrojejunostomy in 8 cases. The @entity1 data collected included surgical time, morbidity and mortality, length of stay, the state and duration of adequate oral ingestion, and outcome. RESULTS: The median surgical time was 191 minutes. There were no complications postoperatively. The median postoperative stay was 7 days. In that time, feeding conditions were restored to pre-illness levels. All @entity1 were palliated successfully using this procedure. CONCLUSIONS: Laparoscopic MDE gastrojejunostomy allows @entity1 to regain their ability to eat, significantly improving their quality of life. This alternative laparoscopic procedure is effective for @entity1 whose prognosis is poor as a result of unresectable @entity5 .

title: Laparoscopic modified Devine exclusion gastrojejunostomy as a palliative surgery to relieve malignant XXXX by unresectable @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['pyloroduodenal obstruction']

answer: @entity3885 :: (MESH:D008173,Disease) :: ['pyloroduodenal obstruction']


abstract: The relative contribution of @entity1063 ( @entity1063 ) and @entity1425 ( @entity1425 ) in the control of lipid mobilization in @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ) during exercise was evaluated in @entity1 treated with a @entity1943 analogue, @entity2390 . Eight lean and eight @entity28 young @entity1 matched for age and physical fitness performed 60 min exercise bouts at 50% of their maximal @entity26 consumption on two occasions: (1) during i.v. infusion of @entity2390 , and (2) during placebo infusion. Lipolysis and local blood flow changes in @entity1386 were evaluated using in situ microdialysis. Infusion of @entity2390 suppressed plasma insulin and @entity2124 levels at rest and during exercise. It blocked the exercise-induced increase in plasma @entity1425 while that of @entity1063 was unchanged. Plasma natriuretic peptides (NPs) level was higher at rest and during exercise under @entity2390 infusion in lean @entity1 . Under placebo, no difference was found in the exercise-induced increase in @entity653 between the probe perfused with Ringer solution alone and that with @entity5521 (an alpha-adrenergic receptor antagonist) in lean subjects while a greater increase in @entity653 was observed in the @entity28 subjects. Under placebo, @entity1169 infusion in the probe containing @entity5521 reduced by about 45% exercise-induced @entity653 release; this effect was fully suppressed under @entity2390 infusion while @entity1063 was still elevated and exercise-induced lipid mobilization maintained in both lean and @entity28 individuals. In conclusion, blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors during exercise performed during infusion of @entity2390 (blocking the exercise-induced rise in @entity1425 but not that of @entity1063 ) does not alter the exercise-induced lipolysis. This suggests that @entity1425 is the main adrenergic agent contributing to exercise-induced lipolysis in @entity1386 . Moreover, it is the combined action of insulin suppression and NPs release which explains the lipolytic response which remains under @entity2390 after full local blockade of fat cell adrenergic receptors. For the moment, it is unknown if results apply specifically to @entity1386 and exercise only or if conclusions could be extended to all forms of lipolysis in @entity1 .

title: @entity1425 but not @entity1063 is a determinant of exercise-induced lipid mobilization in XXXX @entity1386 .

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine', 'adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline', 'norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['subcutaneous adipose tissue', 'SCAT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Constitutively active NFkB promotes survival of many @entity5 , especially @entity784 and @entity1778 by upregulating antiapoptotic proteins such as inhibitors of apoptosis (IAPs) and FLICE-like inhibitory proteins (cFLIPs). IAPs and cFLIPs negatively regulate the ripoptosome, which mediates cell death in an apoptotic or necroptotic manner. Here, we demonstrate for the first time, that @entity9104 antagonizes NFkB by suppressing @entity14688 ( @entity14688 ), a major regulator of NFkB transcriptional activity. @entity9104 -mediated inhibition of NFkB causes ripoptosome formation via downregulation of IAPs and cFLIPs. In addition, @entity9104 promotes mitochondrial Smac release and subsequent degradation of IAPs, further enhancing cell death in @entity5 cells displaying constitutive NFkB activity. Significantly, CTCL @entity1 treated with @entity9104 display substantial ripoptosome formation and @entity522 cleavage in T-cells. @entity9104 induces cell death predominantly in malignant or activated T-cells. Further, we show that malignant T-cells can die by both apoptosis and necroptosis, in contrast to resting T-cells, which are restricted to apoptosis upon @entity9104 administration. In summary, our data provide new mechanistic insight in the regulation of cell death by targeting NFkB via @entity14688 in @entity5 . Thus, interference with @entity14688 activity is a novel approach for treatment of NFkB-dependent @entity5 .

title: Targeting XXXX by dimethyl fumarate induces ripoptosome-mediated cell death.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemias']

answer: @entity14688 :: (7295,Gene) :: ['Thioredoxin-1']


abstract: During the 40 years since its discovery, @entity175 (CT) has been regarded primarily as an inhibitor of bone resorption and its therapeutic applications have been based on this property. A significant body of literature also indicates additional anabolic effects in animal and in vitro models. In a variety of @entity604 histomorphometric models in the @entity35 , CT, especially the salmon species, prevents or retards @entity604 . In other species, similar results have been obtained, except in the beagle given @entity1 CT, in which a recent study reported increased bone resorption and @entity604 . Consonant with the histomorphometric effects in several different species, bone mass (density) measured by a variety of methods increases, reversing the @entity604 induced by the model. In related studies of mechanical properties, bone strength is increased by CT except in the beagle study which utilized @entity1 CT. In other species, experimentally induced @entity174 show either accelerated healing or heal normally, and there is no effect of CT to impair healing. Finally, studies of bone formation/mineralization strongly suggest an anabolic effect on cartilage formation, bone matrix synthetic activity, and bone growth. These animal effects are reflected by recent fracture prevention studies in @entity1 . If its anabolic effects are ultimately found to be separable and additive to CT's basic action to inhibit bone resorption, new approaches to @entity170 prevention, and possibly other treatment situations such as cartilage regeneration, may evolve using novel CT-like molecules.

title: Effects of XXXX on animal and in vitro models of skeletal metabolism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity175 :: ('MESH:D002116', 'Chemical') :: ['calcitonin']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

answer: @entity175 :: (MESH:D002116,Chemical) :: ['calcitonin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. Despite growing literature on @entity455 , specific information about the cognitive and functional profiles of @entity1 with basilar @entity432 (BAOD) is scarce. The aims of this study were (1) to compare the cognitive statuses of BAOD survivors versus healthy controls and (2) to correlate the functional capacity outcomes with the cognitive profiles of BAOD @entity1 . Methods. Comprehensive cognitive and functional assessments were carried out in 28 @entity1 with BAOD and 27 age- and education level-matched healthy controls. Results. Compared to matched controls, @entity1 @entity73 in selective, sustained, and set-shifting attention, processing speed, visuospatial skills, mental flexibility, and monitoring rules. There were significant @entity2414 (immediate and delayed recall and recognition). Functional capacity outcomes were significantly related to the cognitive test results. Seventy-five percent of @entity1 had a Modified Rankin Scale score of 0 or 1. Conclusions. Our results indicate good functional outcomes in a selected group of BAOD survivors, despite the presence of subnormal performance on some cognitive tests, including tests of attention, executive function, and long-term memory.

title: @entity73 in Stroke Survivors with Basilar XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['posterior vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['presented impairments']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion disease']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in verbal episodic memory (immediate and delayed recall) and visuospatial episodic memory']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['Artery Occlusive Disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Initiating outpatient therapy with ventricular assist devices (VAD) was important in the progress of mechanical circulatory support. This article reviews our experience with VAD therapy from the start of our outpatient program until the present. METHODS: Medical records of @entity1 who received a Thoratec para-corporeal VAD, HeartMate vented electrical VAD, or HeartMate pneumatic VAD between 12/1/97 and 9/1/01 were reviewed. Variables included age, type of devices, total duration of VAD support, discharge status, duration of outpatient support, outcome (transplanted, died on support, ongoing), in-hospital length of stay after transplantation, and complications during VAD support. RESULTS: There were 53 device implants in 46 @entity1 . The cumulative @entity1 -days of VAD support was 7,468 (mean duration of support, 138 +/- 195 days; median, 95 days; range, 2 to 948 days). Twenty of the 46 @entity1 were discharged with a VAD. The cumulative outpatient days was 3,600 (mean outpatient duration, 157 +/- 164 days; median, 83 days; maximum, 560 days). Of the 20 outpatients, 11 received cardiac transplantation, 5 died, and 4 are ongoing as of 9/1/01. Major complications that occurred in the outpatient setting included 5 @entity204 after hospital readmission (1 sepsis, 1 conduit tear, 3 neurologic events); 4 device infections (3 sepsis, 1 pouch infection); and 3 device malfunctions that required reoperation for pump replacement (1 HeartMate pneumatic and 2 HeartMate vented electrical). No @entity204 occurred in an outpatient setting. CONCLUSIONS: Ventricular assist devices effectively support outpatients for months to years. The anticipated time for postoperative recovery and VAD training before discharge is approximately 14 to 21 days, although shorter times may be possible in the future. Establishing a successful outpatient VAD program is a crucial step toward VAD as definitive therapy for end-stage @entity299 .

title: Treatment of end-stage XXXX with outpatient ventricular assist devices.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['heart disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the extent to which breast milk is replaced by intake of other liquids or foods, and to estimate energy intake of @entity1 defined as exclusively ( @entity31493 ), predominantly ( @entity19949 ) and @entity0 ( @entity0 ). DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SETTING: Community-based study in urban Pelotas, Southern Brazil. SUBJECTS: A total of 70 @entity1 aged 4 months recruited at birth. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Breast milk intake measured using a "dose-to-the-mother" @entity20962 turnover method; feeding pattern and macronutrient intake assessed using a frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: Adjusted mean breast milk intakes were not different between @entity31493 and @entity19949 ( @entity31493 , 806 g/day vs @entity19949 , 778 g/day, P=0.59). The difference between @entity31493 and @entity0 was significant ( @entity0 , 603 g/day, P=0.004). Mean intakes of water from supplements were 10 g/day ( @entity31493 ), 134 g/day ( @entity19949 ) and 395 g/day ( @entity0 ). Compared to @entity31493 these differences were significant ( @entity31493 vs @entity19949 , P=0.005; @entity31493 vs @entity0 , P<0.001). The energy intake of @entity1 receiving @entity291 or formula milk (BF+CM/FM) in addition to breast milk tended to be 20% higher than the energy intake of @entity31493 @entity1 ( @entity31493 , 347 kJ/kg/day vs BF+CM/FM, 418 kJ/kg/day, P=0.11). CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence that breast milk was replaced by water, tea or juice in @entity19949 compared to @entity31493 @entity1 . The energy intake in BF+CM/FM @entity1 tended to be 20% above the latest recommendations (1996) for breast-fed and 9% above those for formula-fed @entity1 . If high intakes are maintained, this may result in @entity28 later in life. SPONSORSHIP: International Atomic Energy Agency through RC 10981/R1.

title: Breast milk and energy intake in exclusively, predominantly, and XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['PartBF', 'partially breast-fed']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity20962 :: ('MESH:D017666', 'Chemical') :: ['deuterium-oxide']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['partially breast-fed']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4710 ( @entity4710 ) has always been a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for the cardiologists. There are many modalities to treat the problem. Of the available pharmacological treatment, the role of @entity1855 and @entity859 is under debate. This study was carried out to detect and compare the efficacy of both drugs. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of intravenous @entity859 and @entity1855 in termination of @entity4710 . METHODS: This experimental study was carried out in the Emergency department of Chauhdry Pervaiz Elahi Institute of Cardiology, Multan from to August 2008 to February 2010. A total of 120 @entity1 with @entity4710 were divided in two groups. @entity1 in group A were treated with @entity859 and group B @entity1 received @entity1855 . RESULTS: The efficacy of @entity859 was proven among 56 (93%) @entity1 , while @entity1855 in 43 (71%) @entity1 . The results were statistically significant (p-value <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although, both the drugs have high efficacy, @entity859 is more effective than @entity1855 for termination of @entity4710 .

title: Comparing the efficacy of intravenous XXXX and @entity1855 in termination of acute paroxysmal supra ventricular tachycardia.

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['PSVT', 'Paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

answer: @entity859 :: (MESH:D000241,Chemical) :: ['adenosine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To identify associations between demographic, disease-related, and psychological variables and severe distress from @entity5 treatment. METHODS: This study was cross-sectional and questionnaire based. We included @entity1 with @entity5 treated between 1997 and 2007 in the Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam. Pelvic floor symptoms were assessed with urogenital distress inventory and defecatory distress inventory. Scores were dichotomized into severe (>90th percentile) versus nonsevere distress. Disease-related variables were extracted from medical files. Psychological factors included mental and physical well-being, optimism, and body image, which were assessed with standardized questionnaires. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: A total of 282 @entity1 were included: 148 were treated with radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection, 61 @entity1 were treated with surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy, and 73 @entity1 were treated with primary radiotherapy. Demographic: Multivariate analyses showed no significant relation between demographic variables and symptoms. Disease-related: None of these variables were significantly associated in multivariate analyses. Psychosocial: In all treatment groups, multivariate associations were found. In general, better mental and physical well-being was associated with nonsevere PFSs. Increased body image disturbance was associated with severe defecation symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Few associations were found between demographic and disease-related variables and distress from PFS after @entity5 treatment. However, better mental and physical well-being is associated with nonsevere distress from @entity790 and more body image disturbance with severe PFSs. Improving these factors might reduce distress from PFSs and should be a focus of future research.

title: Severe XXXX treatment are predominantly associated with mental and physical well-being and body image: a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic floor symptoms (PFSs) after cervical cancer', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity790 :: ('MESH:D014564', 'Disease') :: ['urogenital and defecation symptoms']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['pelvic floor symptoms after cervical cancer']


abstract: We experienced a rare case of sinus histiocytosis with @entity400 ( @entity9312 ) accompanying @entity1906 . The @entity1 is a 64-year-old @entity1 with an early symptom of rt. @entity1897 . She had a 4-month history of @entity10 with a 5-week history of @entity1183 in the rt. supraorbital nerve area, and lost her weight by 10 kg in 2 months. She developed rt. @entity129 and @entity1183 in the lt. mandibular nerve area. Laboratory findings showed that @entity3064 , LDH and CRP were higher than normal. Of CT, MRI and MRA, the images of her head were normal. However, the Gd-enhanced MRI only showed a diffuse pachymeningeal enhancement. After about 3 months from the onset of rt. @entity1897 , she died of DIC of unknown etiology. As a result of examinations in anatomical pathology, she was diagnosed as having sinus histiocytosis with @entity400 ( @entity9312 ). There were a large number of histiocytes on the pachymeninx. These findings suggest that @entity1906 caused @entity129 . We emphasize that use of Gd-enhanced MRI in the early stage is important for diagnosis.

title: [ XXXX accompanying @entity1906 with an early symptom of right @entity1897 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cranial neuropathy', 'trochlea nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity9312 :: ('MESH:D015618', 'Disease') :: ['Rosai-Dorfman disease']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral facial palsy']

entities_list: @entity1906 :: ('MESH:D014390', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis']

entities_list: @entity400 :: ('MESH:D014202', 'Disease') :: ['massive lymphoadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity9312 :: (MESH:D015618,Disease) :: ['Rosai-Dorfman disease']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Surface electromyography measurements of the upper trapezius muscles were performed in @entity1 with a chronic @entity74 Grade 2 and those with nonspecific @entity4048 . OBJECTIVE: To determine the etiologic relation between acceleration-deceleration @entity130 and the presence of cervical @entity121 in the chronic stage of @entity74 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND INFORMATION: From a biopsychosocial perspective, the acceleration-deceleration @entity130 in @entity1 with @entity74 is not regarded as a cause of chronicity of @entity4048 , but rather as a risk factor triggering response systems that contribute to the maintenance of @entity4048 . One of the contributing factors is dysfunction of the cervical muscles. Considering the limited etiologic significance of the @entity130 , it is hypothesized that in @entity1 with @entity4048 , there are no differences in muscle activation patterns between those with and those without a history of an acceleration-deceleration @entity130 . METHODS: Muscle activation patterns, expressed in normalized smooth rectified electromyography levels of the upper trapezius muscles, in @entity1 with @entity74 Grade 2 were compared with those of @entity1 with nonspecific @entity4048 . The outcome parameters were the mean level of muscle activity before and after a physical exercise, the muscle reactivity in response to the exercise, and the time-dependent behavior of muscle activity after the exercise. RESULTS: There were no statistical significant differences in any of the outcome parameters between @entity1 with @entity74 Grade 2 and those with nonspecific @entity4048 . There was only a tendency of higher muscle reactivity in @entity1 with @entity74 Grade 2. CONCLUSIONS: It appears that the cervical @entity121 in @entity1 with chronic @entity74 Grade 2 is not related to the specific @entity130 mechanism. Rather, cervical @entity121 appears to be a general sign in diverse chronic @entity4048 syndromes.

title: Cervical XXXX in chronic @entity74 grade 2: the relevance of the @entity130 .

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['whiplash-associated disorder']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle dysfunction']

answer: @entity121 :: (MESH:D009135,Disease) :: ['muscle dysfunction']


abstract: @entity65 is prevalent among @entity1 with @entity64 ; thus, cardiologists frequently treat @entity1 at high risk for @entity64 . Results from recent clinical trials of antiplatelet medications, given alone or in combination, may be of special interest to cardiologists. The MATCH study demonstrated no significant difference between @entity1397 alone and @entity1397 plus @entity117 in reducing risk of vascular events after @entity64 or transient @entity63 attack. A 1.3% increased risk of major @entity548 was associated with @entity1397 plus @entity117 . In CHARISMA, @entity1397 plus @entity117 did not reach statistical significance vs. placebo plus @entity117 in reducing incidence of @entity583 ( @entity583 ), @entity64 , or @entity204 from cardiovascular causes in @entity1 with stable @entity66 ; @entity1397 was associated with an increase in moderate @entity548 . These results suggest that @entity1397 plus @entity117 may be inappropriate as first-line therapy for secondary @entity64 prevention. In @entity1 with established @entity65 at risk for @entity583 or other vascular events, physicians must weigh the benefits and risks before choosing this therapy. Selection of an antiplatelet agent must be based on @entity1 history, including previous @entity583 and @entity64 , susceptibility to @entity548 , and other high-risk factors (e.g. advanced age and @entity6 ). @entity117 plus extended-release @entity4341 may be more effective than @entity1397 for preventing @entity64 in high-risk @entity1 . This article strives to put MATCH and CHARISMA results into context by providing an overview of antiplatelet therapy, including relevant clinical trial results, a review of current practice guidelines, and a summary of an ongoing study that will improve clinical decision making.

title: Antiplatelet therapy in XXXX : implications of Management of Artherothrombosis with @entity1397 in High-risk @entity1 and the @entity1397 for High Artherothrombotic Risk and Ischemic Stabilization, Management, and Avoidance studies' results for cardiologists.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atherothrombotic disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity4341 :: ('MESH:D004176', 'Chemical') :: ['dipyridamole']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['cerebrovascular disease']