abstract: Pattern recognition receptors such as @entity2938 ( @entity2938 ) and 4 ( @entity2939 ) are important in detecting and responding to stress and bacterial stimuli. Defect or damage in the @entity2938 and @entity2939 pathways can lead to sustained @entity32 , characteristic of @entity29 ( @entity29 ). The goal of this study was to identify fruit fractions that can be tested further to develop them as complementary therapies for @entity29 . In order to do this, we identified fruit fractions that mediate their anti-inflammatory response through the @entity2939 and @entity2938 pathway. @entity1 Embryonic Kidney (HEK)- @entity2939 and @entity2938 cells were stimulated with their respective ligands to induce @entity32 . These cells were treated with one of the 12 fractionated fruits and the inflammatory effect measured. 10 of the fruits came up as anti-inflammatory in the @entity2939 assay and nine in the @entity2938 assays. Many of the fruit fractions mediated their anti-inflammatory actions either mainly in their hydrophobic fractions (such as elderberry) or hydrophilic fractions (such as red raspberry), or both. The strongest anti-inflammatory effects were seen for feijoa and blackberry. This study shows that fruits can have multiple fractions eliciting anti-inflammatory effects in a pathway specific manner. This suggests that the compounds found in fruits can act together to produce health benefits by way of reducing @entity32 . Exploiting this property of fruits can help develop complimentary therapies for inflammatory diseases.

title: Anti-inflammatory activity of fruit fractions in vitro, mediated through toll-like receptor 4 and 2 in the context of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: Our previous phase II study of @entity900 and @entity136 in @entity3620 showed a 47.6% (95% CI 26.2-69.0%) response rate with symptom improvement in responding @entity1 . Here we confirm these findings in a multicentre setting, and assess the effect of this treatment on quality of life and pulmonary function. Fifty-three @entity1 with pleural @entity3620 received @entity900 100 mg m(-2) i.v. day 1 and @entity136 1000 mg m(-2) i.v. days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28 day cycle for a maximum of six cycles. Quality of life and pulmonary function were assessed at each cycle. The best response achieved in 52 assessable @entity1 was: partial response, 17 (33%, 95% @entity13401 -46%); stable disease, 31 (60%); and progressive disease, four (8%). The median time to disease progression was 6.4 months, median survival from start of treatment 11.2 months, and median survival from diagnosis 17.3 months. Vital capacity and global quality of life remained stable in all @entity1 and improved significantly in responding @entity1 . Major @entity137 were haematological, limiting the mean relative dose intensity of @entity136 to 75%. This schedule of @entity900 and @entity136 is active in @entity3620 in a multicentre setting. Investigation of alternative scheduling is needed to decrease haematological @entity137 and increase the relative dose intensity of @entity136 whilst maintaining response rate and quality of life.

title: A multicentre phase II study of @entity900 and XXXX for @entity3620 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: The cell nucleus is a prominent target of autoantibodies in @entity792 . Approximately 2% of the population in Europe and North America suffers from systemic @entity627 , such as @entity309 , @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ), and @entity2631 . The molecular mechanisms of systemic @entity792 are largely unknown despite its high prevalence. Contributing factors that have been considered include (1) genetic predisposition, (2) influence of hormones, and (3) environmental factors. The latter are mainly correlated with the generation of @entity2631 , as xenobiotic-induced subsets of this disease have been observed in individuals exposed to @entity3440 ( @entity3758 ) dusts, organic solvents, heavy metals, and certain drugs. In addition to the epidemiological relevance, animal models of xenobiotic-induced @entity792 serve as elegant tools for controlled induction of antigen-driven autoimmune responses. Because antigen processing and presentation constitute the basis for every antigen-driven autoimmune response, effects of xenobiotics on degradation of nuclear autoantigens have been characterized to elucidate molecular mechanisms of @entity792 that target the cell nucleus. By means of a cell-based disease model, it has been shown that xenobiotics such as @entity3143 , @entity902 salts, and @entity3440 (nano)particles specifically alter structure, function, and proteolysis in the cell nucleus. Signature proteins of the cell nucleus redistribute to aberrant, nucleoplasmic clusters, where they colocalize with proteasomes and are subjected to proteasomal proteolysis. Recruitment of nuclear autoantigens to proteasomal degradation is correlated with autoimmune responses that specifically target these antigens in both animal models of xenobiotic-induced @entity792 and @entity1 with @entity2631 .

title: Xenobiotic-induced recruitment of autoantigens to nuclear proteasomes suggests a role for altered antigen processing in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity3143 :: ('MESH:D008627', 'Chemical') :: ['mercuric chloride']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity2631 :: ('MESH:D012594', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic scleroderma', 'scleroderma']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity', 'systemic autoimmune disorders']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

answer: @entity2631 :: (MESH:D012594,Disease) :: ['scleroderma']


abstract: We have carried out three case-control studies on the relative risk of @entity135 in association with indoor air pollution. The studies performed at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology of the University of Heidelberg comprised 369 male @entity1 with @entity957 of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx; one thousand, four hundred and seventy-six healthy subjects were used as controls and were matched for sex, age and residential area. The relative risk (RR) of @entity5 related to daily exposure to fossil fuels due to stove heating with oil, coal, gas and wood in a period longer than 40 years was 2.5 [confidence interval (CI): 1.51-4.05]. After adjustment for @entity286 and @entity167 the RR declined slightly to 2.0 [CI: 1.10-3.46] but was still significant. Increased risks were also found for daily exposure in a kitchen containing air oil, coal or wood oven for a period longer than 40 years (RR = 1.7; CI: 1.01-2.71). In this latter group the RR because 1.4 after adjustments for use of @entity286 and @entity167 [CI: 0.76-2.41]). The RR of @entity5 related to daily exposure to fossil fuels due to stove heating with oil, coal, gas and wood in a period longer than 40 years was 3.6 [CI: 2.04-6.41]. After adjustments were made for @entity286 and @entity167 , the RR declined slightly to 3.3 [CI: 1.43-7.55] but was still significant. Elevated risks were also found for daily presence in a kitchen with oil, @entity40580 for a period longer than 40 years (RR = 1.6 [CI: 0.89-2.77].(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Indoor air pollution by emissions from individual fossil fuel stoves. Possibly a so-far underestimated risk factor in development of XXXX of the head and neck area].

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal cancer', 'pharyngeal cancer']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity40580 :: ('MESH:C537038', 'Disease') :: ['coal or wood ovens']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancers']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate long-term safety and efficacy of hypofractionated stereotactic photon radiotherapy with 5 five fractions at 10 Gy each in @entity1 with centrally located @entity320 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-one @entity1 with centrally located @entity320 were treated stereotactically at a linear accelerator with 6 MV photon beams with 5 fractions at 10 Gy each. Examinations were performed at baseline and every 3 months in the first 2 years, then every 6 months until 5 years and yearly thereafter. Median follow-up was 37.8 months (IQR 19.2-49.9). They included visual acuity assessment, routine ophthalmological examinations with fundoscopy, echography for measurement of @entity5 dimensions, medical examinations and, if necessary, @entity941 angiography. RESULTS: Initial @entity5 base diameters, height and volume were 11.20mm (IQR 9.10-13.70), 9.80 mm (IQR 7.80-11.70), 4.53 mm (IQR 3.33-6.43) and 253.8mm(3) (IQR 127.5-477.0). @entity5 control and eye retention rates were 97.7% and 86.4% after 5 years, respectively. Eight @entity1 developed @entity3 and 3 of them died due to @entity3 during the follow-up period. Median visual acuity decreased from 0.67 initially to 0.05 at the last individual follow-up (p<0.001). The most common @entity137 (any grade) were @entity989 (n=39), @entity1781 (n=32), radiogenic @entity231 (n=21), @entity2297 (n=15) and @entity936 (n=10). The 5 year probabilities to remain free of these side effects (any grade) were 26.0%, 45.4%, 55.4%, 72.6% and 80.5%, respectively. The most important prognostic factors for @entity137 were the largest @entity5 base diameter, @entity5 height and @entity5 distance to the optic disk. CONCLUSION: Hypofractionated stereotactic photon radiotherapy with a total dose of 50 Gy delivered in 5 fractions is a highly effective treatment option in @entity1 with centrally located @entity320 and has a moderate @entity137 profile.

title: Hypofractionated stereotactic photon radiotherapy of posteriorly located XXXX with five fractions at ten Gy--clinical results after six years of experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['radiation retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Local tumor']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity936 :: ('MESH:D015352', 'Disease') :: ['dry eye syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal melanoma']

entities_list: @entity2297 :: ('MESH:D015355', 'Disease') :: ['neovascular glaucoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['choroidal melanoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the long-term effectiveness of expandable @entity8877 in treatment of @entity179 . METHODS: Between January 2005 and January 2008, 72 @entity1 with @entity179 were treated by expandable @entity8877 and followed up for 5 years. Of 72 cases, 41 were male and 31 were female with an average age of 40.5 years (mean, 35-65 years), including 35 cases of @entity2649 , 20 cases of @entity179 , and 17 cases of serious lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion combined with lumbar instability. The disease duration was 6-28 months (mean, 9 months). The affected lumbar segments were L3,4 in 6 @entity1 , L4,5 in 37 @entity1 , and L5, S1 in 29 @entity1 . The @entity717 index (ODI) was used to evaluate the effectiveness before and after operation and to calculate the improvement rate. During the follow-up, the anteroposterior, lateral, and dynamic X-ray films were taken to evaluate the operated segment fusion rate. The intervertebral lordosis angle was measured, and adjacent segment degeneration was observed. RESULTS: The operation time was 35-90 minutes (mean, 65 minutes); the intraoperative @entity190 was 200-450 mL (mean, 280 mL), and all the @entity1 received intraoperative autologous blood transfusion; the postoperative bedridden time was 3-7 days (mean, 4.5 days); the hospitalization days were 10-18 days (mean, 12 days). No complications of @entity128 , @entity1971 , or cerebrospinal fluid leakage occurred during operation. All @entity1 achieved primary healing of the incisions. All 72 @entity1 were followed up for 5 years. At 3 months, 1 year, and 5 years after operation, the ODI were 8.2 +/- 2.6, 6.9 +/- 1.9, and 6.4 +/- 1.3 respectively, showing significant differences when compared with preoperative value (41.5 +/- 3.5) (P < 0.05); the improvement rates were 87.3% +/- 1.2%, 90.1% +/- 0.8%, and 91.6% +/- 1.3% respectively, showing no significant difference (F=0.492, P=0.375); the intervertebral lordosis angles were (5.1 +/- 1.2), (5.0 +/- 0.5), and (5.4 +/- 0.8) degrees respectively, showing no significant difference (F=0.570, P=0.453). At 5 years after operation, the intervertebral fusion rate was 100%, with no adjacent segment degeneration. CONCLUSION: Using expandable @entity8877 to treat @entity179 can get stabilization without pedicle screw fixation, the good effectiveness is shown after long-term follow-up.

title: [Long-term follow-up study on expandable XXXX in treatment of @entity179 ].

entities_list: @entity2649 :: ('MESH:C563613', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spinal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1971 :: ('MESH:D011128', 'Disease') :: ['cauda equina injury']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve root injury']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative lumbar disease', 'degenerative lumbar instability']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry disability']

answer: @entity8877 :: (168400,Gene) :: ['Cage']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Drug resistance, absence of an effective vaccine, and inadequate public health measures are major impediments to controlling @entity3964 @entity311 worldwide. The development of antimalarials to which resistance is less likely is paramount. To this end, we have exploited the chaperone function of @entity3964 Hsp90 (PfHsp90) that serves to facilitate the expression of resistance determinants. METHODS: The affinity and activity of a @entity10043 analogue Hsp90 inhibitor ( @entity59852 ) on PfHsp90 was determined using surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies and an ATPase activity assay, respectively. In vitro, antimalarial activity was quantified using flow cytometry. Interactors of PfHsp90 were determined by LC-MS/MS. In vivo studies were conducted using the @entity2637 infection @entity19 model. RESULTS: @entity59852 exhibited antimalarial activity in the nanomolar range, displayed synergistic activity with @entity503 in vitro. Affinity studies reveal that the PfHsp90 interacts either directly or indirectly with the @entity3964 @entity503 resistance transporter (PfCRT) responsible for @entity503 resistance. @entity59852 synergized with @entity503 in the @entity2637 @entity19 model of @entity311 to reduce @entity5895 and improve survival. CONCLUSIONS: We propose that the interaction of PfHsp90 with PfCRT may account for the observed antimalarial synergy and that @entity59852 is an effective adjunct for combination therapy.

title: A @entity10043 analog synergizes with XXXX (CQ) by targeting @entity3964 Hsp90 (PfHsp90).

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['P. falciparum', 'Plasmodium falciparum']

entities_list: @entity5895 :: ('MESH:D018512', 'Disease') :: ['parasitemia']

entities_list: @entity503 :: ('MESH:D002738', 'Chemical') :: ['chloroquine']

entities_list: @entity2637 :: ('5821', 'Species') :: ['P.berghei', 'Plasmodium berghei']

answer: @entity503 :: (MESH:D002738,Chemical) :: ['chloroquine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many prognostic studies in @entity82 were performed without distinguishing between compensated and decompensated @entity1 and/or have evaluated the prognostic role of variables that are not routinely used. The aim was to evaluate predictors of survival in compensated and decompensated @entity82 separately but in a concurrent cohort and focused on routine clinical variables. METHODS: Secondary analysis of a prospective cohort with @entity82 collected in a tertiary center between August 2000 and May 2002 and followed until @entity204 or April 2006. Univariate, stratified univariate analysis, and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed. Receiving operating characteristics curves were used to identify the best cutoff of variables predictive of @entity204 . RESULTS: A total of 242 @entity1 were included (122 compensated, 120 decompensated). In a median follow-up of 30 months (range, 6 to 50 mo), 62 (26%) @entity204 occurred, 24 (20%) in the compensated and 38 (32%) in the decompensated group. In the whole cohort, decompensation was the strongest predictor of @entity204 . In the compensated group, age, albumin, and platelets and in the decompensated group model for @entity3851 , platelets, and albumin were identified as independent predictors of @entity204 . A serum albumin of 4 g/dL was the best cutoff to identify @entity1 at risk for @entity204 in the compensated group with a hazard ratio of 13.3 [95% confidence interval, 1.8-98.8] in those with an albumin of <4.0 g/dL. CONCLUSIONS: Albumin is a predictor of @entity204 in compensated and decompensated @entity82 . In compensated @entity82 a subset @entity1 with particularly good prognosis can be identified. Different predictors were observed in both stages, confirming that compensated and decompensated @entity82 are 2 separate disease stages.

title: Serum Albumin Can Identify XXXX With @entity82 With a Good Prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity370 is a specific cutaneous lesion of @entity370 that is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to analyse the clinicopathological features of 10 @entity1 with @entity370 and its relationship with the systemic features of the disease. @entity1 AND METHODS: The @entity1 with systemic @entity370 , diagnosed from 1974 to 2002 at a university hospital in Barcelona, Spain, who developed subcutaneous involvement, were included in the study. The diagnosis of systemic @entity370 was made according to conventional criteria. All the @entity1 were monitored prospectively at the @entity370 clinic of the hospital. Skin biopsies were performed when granulomatous cutaneous involvement was suspected clinically. RESULTS: Granulomatous cutaneous involvement was demonstrated in 85 of 480 @entity1 with systemic @entity370 . In 10 of these 85 @entity1 @entity370 was diagnosed (11.8%). The lesions were most frequently located in the extremities, involving the forearms in nine @entity1 . Indurated linear bands from the elbow to the hand were observed in five @entity1 . In all of our @entity1 the subcutaneous nodules appeared at the beginning of the disease. In six @entity1 , the nodules remitted spontaneously in less than 2 years. In two cases foreign particles were detected under polarized light. CONCLUSIONS: @entity370 is a quite uniform clinicopathological entity usually appearing at the beginning of the disease. It usually heralds forms of @entity370 with nonsevere systemic involvement and is not associated with chronic @entity66 .

title: XXXX --clinicopathological study of 10 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['Subcutaneous sarcoidosis', 'sarcoidosis', 'subcutaneous sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['fibrotic disease']

answer: @entity370 :: (MESH:D012507,Disease) :: ['Subcutaneous sarcoidosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A cortical tissue @entity39 from a focal freezing injury expands to 140% of its initial volume within 24 hrs in @entity35 . Previous studies of our laboratory have shown that administration of the NOS inhibitor @entity5118 (AG) prior to @entity130 attenuates this process of secondary @entity75 . Objective of the present study was to analyse whether this agent is also protective when treatment commences after the insult. METHOD: A highly standardized freezing lesion was induced in the brain cortex of 30 anaesthetized @entity35 . The animals were divided into three experimental groups. Animals of group I (sham-5 min, n=10) were sacrificed 5 min after @entity130 for quantitative histomorphometric assessment of the primary @entity75 . Animals of group II (sham-24 h, n=10) received isotonic saline (16.7 ml/kg b.w., i.p.) at 15 min and 8 hrs after @entity130 . In the treatment group (group III, AG-24 h, n=10), AG was administered (100 mg/kg b.w.) also at 15 min and 8 hrs after @entity130 . 24 hrs later--the time point of maximal lesion spread--the animals of group II and III were sacrificed for quantification of the secondary lesion growth. FINDINGS: The focal freezing injury produced a cortical @entity39 volume of 6.07+/-1.04 mm(3) immediately after @entity130 (group I). After sham treatment, the @entity39 expanded to 8.39+/-1.57 mm(3) within 24 hrs (group II) corresponding to a lesion growth of 138% compared to the primary @entity39 ( p<0.01 vs. group I). In animals treated with AG after the @entity130 (group III), the volume of @entity39 was significantly attenuated at 24 hrs to 6.77+/-0.87 mm(3) representing an expansion of the lesion to only 112% ( p<0.05 vs. group II). Thus, AG was inhibiting the secondary growth of @entity39 by no less than 69%. INTERPRETATION: The findings demonstrate that AG retains its neuroprotective potential against secondary @entity75 from @entity130 even when administration begins after @entity130 .

title: Secondary growth of a cortical XXXX : effect of NOS inhibition by @entity5118 post insult.

entities_list: @entity5118 :: ('MESH:C004479', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoguanidine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cortical lesion', 'brain damage']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['necrosis']


abstract: 1. The purpose of this study was to describe the response properties of neurons in the supplementary motor area (SMA), including the @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ) of three @entity2608 ( @entity2608 ) performing visually guided eye and forelimb movements. Seven hundred thirty single units were recorded in the dorsomedial agranular cortex while monkeys performed a go/no-go visual tracking task. The unit activity associated with rewarded, task-related movements was compared with that associated with unrewarded, spontaneous movements executed in the intertrial interval or when the task was not running. A number of neuronal response types were identified. 2. Sensory cells were characterized by their response to the visual and/or auditory target stimuli combined with no discharge associated with eye or forelimb movements. New information was provided about the receptive fields of the visual cells; they varied in size and, although many included the ipsilateral hemifield, they tended to emphasize the contralateral. A significant proportion of the visually responsive cells had receptive fields restricted to within 8 degrees of the fovea. The response latency was relatively long (greater than 90 ms) and variable. 3. Preparatory set cells were activated from the appearance of the target until the presentation of the go/no-go cue. This subpopulation ceased firing 50-100 ms before the movement was initiated. These cells tended to respond best in relation to @entity910 . The response latency was similar to that of the sensory cells, although some of these units began to discharge in anticipation of predictable target presentations. These neurons were not active before unrewarded, spontaneous saccades. 4. Sensory-movement cells comprised the largest population of neurons identified in SMA. They were active from the appearance of the target until after the execution of the saccade. These neurons tended to respond preferentially in association with contraversive saccades. The latency of response to the target was significantly longer than that of the sensory cells. There was a large amount of variability in the time to reach the peak level of activation, and this population of units generally became inactivated shortly after the saccade was initiated. Although there were counterexamples, most sensory-movement cells responded equally in association with visually and auditory guided movements. In addition, these neurons were not active in relation to self-generated eye movements made during the intertrial intervals. 5. Pause-rebound cells were identified by their suppression at the appearance of the target and subsequent discharge associated with the saccade. These units tended to respond preferentially to contralateral targets.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Neuronal activity related to visually guided saccadic eye movements in the supplementary motor area of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2608 :: ('9544', 'Species') :: ['rhesus monkeys', 'Macaca mulatta']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['SEF', 'supplementary eye fields']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['contralateral movements']

answer: @entity2608 :: (9544,Species) :: ['rhesus monkeys']


abstract: Introduction   @entity1352 is a @entity5 of mesenchymal pluripotent cells. Objectives   We present a case of @entity1352 in the posterolateral wall of the oropharynx. Resumed report   The @entity1 , a 23-year-old @entity1 , was admitted with a history of @entity1282 and difficulty in breathing for 8 months, resulting in progressive deterioration and onset of snoring, muffled voice, and @entity158 . An @entity5 in the left posterolateral wall touched the base of the @entity5773 . The @entity1 underwent endoscopic pharyngectomy to remove the lesion. Pathologic examination revealed @entity1352 with positive margins, and Mohs technique was proposed for margin control. The margins were disease-free, without the need for total laryngectomy. The pharynx was reconstructed with a microvascular forearm flap. The @entity1 developed postoperative stability. Conclusion   Despite its name, @entity1352 is rarely sourced directly from synovial membranes. It is most commonly found in the vicinity of large joints. The location at the head and neck, a location poor in synovial tissue, is unusual. @entity1352 in the head and neck has an aggressive nature and poor prognosis. Resection with negative margins remains the foundation of therapy, which is not so easily achieved in the head and neck. It is important for the otorhinolaryngologist and head and neck surgeon to be familiar with this @entity146 , which carries high mortality and morbidity. The appropriate diagnosis and treatment can improve prognosis and @entity1 survival.

title: XXXX in head and neck: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5773 :: ('MESH:D014060', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral tongue']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal tumor', 'malignant tumor']

entities_list: @entity1352 :: ('MESH:D013584', 'Disease') :: ['synovial sarcoma', 'Synovial sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['local pain']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity1352 :: (MESH:D013584,Disease) :: ['Synovial sarcoma']


abstract: Ninety-one @entity1 with progressive @entity785 have been examined both clinically and serologically in order to have a better prognostic insight. Three main serological profiles have been isolated. The patients with anticentromere antibodies (ACA) represented one third of the cases, developed @entity272 rather later and rarely exhibited ankyloses and @entity1066 . The esophagus was commonly involved while the lung, heart and kidneys were not. ACA-positive @entity1 were not identified with the @entity4067 , as the latter disclosed other profiles with the same frequency. Patients with anti-Scl-70 antibody represented one fourth of the cases and had the fastest progression, developing @entity1463 in less than 5 years after the onset of @entity2407 . @entity82 , as well as joint, @entity299 , were found in most of them. Patients with anti-SSA/Ro antibodies were uncommon, but corresponded to a severe subset, having a fast progression and a constant involvement of the lung. Probably due to the rougher definition of their serology, patients with antinuclear, antispeckle-patterned and anti-Ku antibodies or without any detectable antibody could be defined less easily and corresponded to an intermediate position between ACA- and anti-Scl-70-positive @entity1 . Though it is probably premature to trust it completely, a serological classification may provide the prognostic clues clinical classifications cannot.

title: Serological profiles as prognostic clues for progressive XXXX : the Italian experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['Ankyloses and lung fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerations']

entities_list: @entity2407 :: ('MESH:D011928', 'Disease') :: ["Raynaud's phenomenon"]

entities_list: @entity4067 :: ('MESH:D017675', 'Disease') :: ['CREST syndrome']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart and kidney involvement']

entities_list: @entity1463 :: ('MESH:D012598', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity785 :: ('MESH:D012595', 'Disease') :: ['systemic sclerosis']

answer: @entity785 :: (MESH:D012595,Disease) :: ['systemic scleroderma']


abstract: AIMS: To establish a laboratory model to compare the effectiveness of detergent-based disinfection procedures for reducing cross-contamination risks during handling of contaminated @entity1573 . METHODS AND RESULTS: During handling of @entity1573 , artificially contaminated with @entity10435 PT4, the organism was widely spread to hands, cloths, and hand- and food-contact surfaces. Hygiene procedures were assessed on the basis of their ability to reduce the number of recoverable salmonellas to <1 CFU. Although detergent-based cleaning using a typical bowl-wash routine without rinsing produced some risk reduction (from 100 to 61.4% of contaminated surfaces), it was insufficient to consistently restore surfaces to a @entity10281 state. By combining detergent-based cleaning with a rinsing step or with @entity9784 at 500 ppm (of available @entity3878 ) some further reduction in microbial risk was achieved, but was not considered satisfactory for food hygiene purposes. By contrast the risk reduction produced by @entity9784 at 5000 ppm was highly significant and was sufficient to reduce the number of contaminated surfaces to 2.9%. CONCLUSIONS: A key step in achieving a @entity10281 state through detergent-based cleaning is rinsing but even this will not produce a ' @entity10281 ' result for difficult surfaces such as the chopping board or the dishcloth. Disinfectant compounds should be considered in order to reduce the potential for foodborne @entity580 within the home environment. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Although tests are available to determine the performance of disinfectants, there are no quantitative procedures available to compare the risk reduction achieved by disinfection with that produced by detergent-based procedures. This study describes a reproducible laboratory method which can be used to differentiate the effectiveness of different hygiene procedures for reducing cross-contamination risks during @entity12168 .

title: The effects of cleaning and disinfection in reducing XXXX contamination in a laboratory model kitchen.

entities_list: @entity9784 :: ('MESH:D006997', 'Chemical') :: ['hypochlorite']

entities_list: @entity3878 :: ('MESH:D002713', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorine']

entities_list: @entity1573 :: ('9031', 'Species') :: ['chickens', 'chicken']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ['cross infection']

entities_list: @entity12168 :: ('MESH:C562385', 'Disease') :: ['food handling']

entities_list: @entity10435 :: ('149539', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enteritidis']

answer: @entity10435 :: (149539,Species) :: ['Salmonella']


abstract: This experimental study was performed to investigate the role of @entity63 -reperfusion injury on retinal @entity842 activity and to determine whether @entity2390 , the synthetic analogue of natural @entity1943 , modifies the @entity842 activity during @entity2479 -reperfusion in a quinea @entity1707 model. Three groups of seven pigmented male quinea @entity1707 were formed; Control, @entity63 and the @entity63 / @entity2390 groups. 90 minutes of pressure-induced @entity2479 and 24 h of reperfusion were established in the @entity63 and @entity63 / @entity2390 groups. Saline for the @entity63 group and 50 microg/kg of @entity2390 for the @entity63 / @entity2390 group were administered intraperitoneally five times with 6-h intervals. At the end of the reperfusion period both eyes of the animals of the three groups were enucleated. One eye of each animal was randomly selected for biochemical assay and the other for histopathological analysis. Retinal @entity1507 levels were measured and histopathological changes were evaluated in the groups. The mean retinal @entity1507 levels of the control, @entity63 and @entity63 / @entity2390 groups were 157.6 +/- 25.2, 106.4 +/- 20.1 and 96.4 +/- 17.7 micromol/l, respectively. @entity1507 levels decreased significantly both in the @entity63 (p < 0.01) and @entity63 / @entity2390 (p < 0.01) groups versus control. In the @entity63 group, retinal histopathological changes, which were different from the control group, were prominent @entity4 , polymorphonucleated leukocytes infiltration and vacuolated spaces in the inner retina. No significant change was observed in the histopathological specimens of the @entity63 / @entity2390 group. Significant increase in the thickness of the inner plexiform layer of the retina of the @entity63 group was observed versus the control and @entity63 / @entity2390 groups (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively). The thickness of the inner plexiform layer of the retina of the @entity63 / @entity2390 group did not change versus the control group. It was concluded that @entity842 activity decreased during @entity2479 -reperfusion and, although @entity2390 prevented the histopathological damage, it could not ameliorate the @entity842 activity of the retina.

title: @entity842 and XXXX in retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity2479 :: ('MESH:D012173', 'Disease') :: ['retinal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrate', 'nitrate']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide', 'Octreotide']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity2390 :: (MESH:D015282,Chemical) :: ['octreotide']


abstract: In recent years evidence has accumulated indicating the presence of functional receptors for most neurotransmitters on astrocytes. In particular, receptors coupled to adenylate cyclase have been demonstrated, in primary astrocyte cultures, for vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity9620 ), @entity1063 (NA) and @entity859 . Here we provide, in primary cultures of cerebral cortical astrocytes prepared from neonatal @entity19 , a detailed characterization of a @entity268 -dependent process elicited by @entity9620 , NA and @entity859 , i.e. the hydrolysis of glycogen. The EC50s for the glycogenolytic effect of @entity9620 , NA and @entity859 are 3, 20 and 800 nM, respectively. The initial rate of glycogen hydrolysis is, in nmol/mg prot/min, 9.1 for @entity9620 and 7.5 for NA. The effect of NA is predominantly mediated by beta-adrenoceptors, although an alpha 1-adrenergic component, acting most likely through protein kinase C activation, is also present. The action of @entity9620 is mimicked by peptides sharing sequence homologies such as PHI and secretin. @entity2227 , @entity1246 , @entity5402 and the peptides NPY and @entity1943 do not influence glycogen levels. The glycogen content of the cultures can be markedly increased by anabolic factors present in fetal calf serum, by high (e.g. 25 mM) @entity413 in the medium and by 48-h pretreatment of the cultures with @entity8279 . These results indicate that the glycogen content of astrocytes is under the dynamic control of various factors, including certain neurotransmitters. They also further stress the notion of a functional interaction between neurons and glial cells aimed at maintaining local energy metabolism homeostasis.

title: Characterization of the glycogenolysis elicited by vasoactive intestinal peptide, @entity1063 and @entity859 in primary cultures of XXXX cerebral cortical astrocytes.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['Glutamate']

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine']

entities_list: @entity8279 :: ('CHEBI:50095', 'Chemical') :: ['dibutyryl cAMP']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The advantages of endoscopic transethmosphenoidal surgery for @entity977 using a navigation system were reported. The surgical technique was as follows. First, sphenoidal sinuses were opened via the bilateral ethmoidal sinuses and the olfactory clefts. Then the septum of the sphenoidal sinuses was resected. Next, an endoscope was inserted via the left nasal cavity and fixed in place. The @entity5 was then removed via the right nasal cavity. Our approach for @entity977 provided sufficient working space and permitted the surgeon to carry out the procedure using both hands. In addition, use of the InstaTrak System made it possible to recognize the orientation of the surgical field in the sella turcica. Thus, the @entity5 could be resected more easily and safely. It is concluded that this approach will be particularly useful for @entity1 with narrow nasal cavities or poor development of the paranasal sinuses.

title: Endoscopic transethmosphenoidal approach for XXXX with image guidance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumors']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary tumors']


abstract: This paper aims to review the evidence for long-term effectiveness of @entity353 on @entity165 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and @entity1674 in overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 . Current evidence is mostly based on short-term studies. A systematic review of long-term lipid outcomes of @entity353 in studies published between 1966 and 2001, was conducted. Inclusion criteria included all cohort studies and trials carried out on @entity1 with body mass index of greater than or equal to 28 kg m(-2). Studies had at least two weight change measurements and follow-up of more than 2 years. Thirteen long-term studies with a follow-up of more than 2 years were included. @entity165 has a significant positive linear relationship with weight change (r = 0.89) where change in weight explains about 80% of the @entity165 difference variation (Adj R2 = 0.80). For every 10 kg @entity353 a drop of 0.23 mmol L(-1) in @entity165 may be expected for a @entity1 suffering from @entity28 or are grossly overweight. @entity353 has long-term beneficial effects especially on LDL and @entity165 . @entity353 in @entity28 @entity1 should be encouraged and sustained.

title: Effects of XXXX in overweight/ @entity28 individuals and long-term lipid outcomes--a systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'person', 'people']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss', 'Weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obese']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['Cholesterol', 'cholesterol']

answer: @entity353 :: (MESH:D015431,Disease) :: ['weight loss']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Resistance to radiation is a major problem in @entity5 treatment. The mechanisms of radioresistance remain poorly understood; however, mounting evidence supports a role for microRNAs (miRNAs) in the modulation of key cellular pathways mediating the response to radiation. The present study aimed to identify specific miRNAs and their effect on radioresistant cells. The global miRNA profile of an established @entity2 cell line and the corresponding control cells was determined. Differential expression of the miRNAs was confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT  -PCR). The binding effect of identical novel miRNAs and target mRNAs was determined by luciferase assay. @entity2 cells were transfected with miRNA-specific mimics or inhibitors. The @entity10322 ( @entity10322 ) protein level was tested by western blot analysis. Radiosensitivity of @entity5 cells was determined using colony formation assay. Among the differentially expressed miRNAs, 25  miRNAs were overexpressed while 18  were suppressed in the radioresistant cells, both basally and in response to radiation compared to their control. An miRNA signature @entity40913 exhibited a >5-fold increase in the radioresistant cells. @entity40913 was demonstrated to bind to @entity10322 3'UTR, which is involved in DNA repair. Ectopic expression of @entity40913 significantly increased the survival fraction of irradiated @entity5 cells. Inhibition of @entity40913 reversed the radioresistance of @entity5 cells and subsequently suppressed the expression of miR  -1323-regulated @entity10322 protein. The present study indicated that miRNAs are involved in the radioresistance of @entity1 @entity2 cells. A possible mechanism for resistance to radiation was via enhanced DNA repair. The present study demonstrated a role for @entity40913 in modulating radioresistance and highlights the need for further study investigating the potential role of @entity40913 as both a predictive marker of response and a novel therapeutic agent with which to enhance the efficacy of radiotherapy.

title: Knockdown of microRNA-1323 restores sensitivity to radiation by suppression of @entity10322 activity in radiation-resistant XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lung cancer', 'lung cancer', 'radioresistant lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity10322 :: ('5591', 'Gene') :: ['DNA-PKcs', 'DNA-dependent protein kinase', 'PRKDC']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ) have been previously reported to be associated with @entity1908 in sexually active @entity1 . The UK national guidelines on @entity2953 recommend screening for other @entity2953 in @entity1 with @entity1908 attending a genitourinary medicine (GUM) clinic. However, there is a paucity of literature on this association, which we reviewed. We looked at the sexual behaviour and the coincidence of @entity2953 in @entity1 with @entity1908 attending a GUM clinic and in inmates from a young offender institution (YOI) attending between 1 January 1998 and 31 December 1999. A total of 47 @entity1 with @entity1908 were identified in the GUM clinic population during this period and 15 @entity1 in the YOI group. Consecutive new and rebooked sex-matched @entity1 served as a control group. Among the GUM clinic attendees 36% of @entity1 with @entity1908 had multiple sexual partners in the preceding 3 months compared with 21% in the control group (P=0.11). Thirty-four per cent of @entity1 with @entity1908 had a previous history of STI vs 17% in the control group (P=0.058). The number of @entity1 with coexistent @entity2953 was not significantly different in both groups (49% vs 44%, P=0.68). The number of @entity1 in the YOI group was too small for a statistical analysis. This study showed that @entity1 with @entity1908 had comparable rates of @entity2953 as with the GUM clinic population. It therefore supports the national guidelines in recommending screening for other @entity2953 in @entity1 with @entity1908 .

title: Are @entity2953 associated with XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['Sexually transmitted infections', 'STIs']

answer: @entity1908 :: (MESH:D012532,Disease) :: ['scabies']


abstract: @entity5132 is an important opportunistic fungal pathogen of immunocompromised individuals. One critical virulence attribute is its morphogenetic plasticity. Hyphal development requires two temporally linked changes in promoter chromatin, which is sequentially regulated by temporarily clearing the transcription inhibitor @entity44678 upon activation of the @entity268 /PKA pathway and promoter recruitment of the histone deacetylase @entity22726 under reduced @entity34056 signaling. Molecular mechanisms for the temporal connection and the link to @entity34056 signaling are not clear. Here, through a forward genetic screen, we report the identification of the GATA family transcription factor Brg1 as the factor that recruits @entity22726 to promoters of hypha-specific genes during hyphal elongation. BRG1 expression requires both the removal of @entity44678 and a sub-growth inhibitory level of @entity3446 ; therefore, it is a sensitive readout of @entity34056 signaling. Interestingly, promoters of hypha-specific genes are not accessible to Brg1 in @entity375 cells. Furthermore, ectopic expression of Brg1 cannot induce hyphae, but can sustain hyphal development. Nucleosome mapping of a hypha-specific promoter shows that @entity44678 binding sites are in nucleosome free regions in @entity375 cells, whereas Brg1 binding sites are occupied by nucleosomes. Nucleosome disassembly during hyphal initiation exposes the binding sites for both regulators. During hyphal elongation, Brg1-mediated @entity22726 recruitment causes nucleosome repositioning and occlusion of @entity44678 binding sites. We suggest that nucleosome repositioning is the underlying mechanism for the @entity375 -hyphal transition. The hypha-specific regulator @entity39314 is a key downstream target of Brg1 and functions after Brg1 as a built-in positive feedback regulator of the hyphal transcriptional program to sustain hyphal development. With the levels of @entity44678 and Brg1 dynamically and sensitively controlled by the two major cellular growth pathways, temporal changes in nucleosome positioning during the @entity375 -to-hypha transition provide a mechanism for signal integration and cell fate specification. This mechanism is likely used broadly in development.

title: A GATA transcription factor recruits @entity22726 in response to reduced XXXX signaling to establish a hyphal chromatin state in @entity5132 .

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

answer: @entity34056 :: (853529(Tax:4932),Gene) :: ['Tor1']


abstract: Forty-two @entity1 with @entity370 were studied with special attention to @entity8 and disturbance of @entity460 metabolism. Abnormal @entity460 metabolism was found in 19 @entity1 and prednisone corrected hypercalcaemia in those affected within two weeks, except in one @entity1 who had concomitant @entity459 . @entity177 was found in 19 @entity1 , 15 of whom had hypercalcaemia. @entity229 had a beneficial effect on kidney function within four weeks in all @entity1 except in one with co-existing @entity631 . Arterial @entity101 was found in six @entity1 , @entity644 in six, and @entity730 in six. Among 14 @entity1 who underwent renal biopsy, @entity738 were found in five. In only one of these was @entity2883 extensive bringing out @entity177 and @entity204 within two years after temporary remission with @entity229 . Co-existent non-sarcoid diseases affecting the kidneys or @entity460 metabolism occurred in ten out of 23 @entity1 with @entity370 and @entity8 / @entity460 abnormality. In most cases these conditions contributed more to the prognosis than did @entity370 . From the present series and review of the literature it appears that young males within the first two years of diagnosis are at the greatest risk of hypercalcaemia or @entity8 .

title: Renal manifestations and abnormal XXXX metabolism in @entity370 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease', 'kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity738 :: ('MESH:D006099', 'Disease') :: ['granulomas']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisone', 'prednisone']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure', 'Renal failure']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcinosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity2883 :: ('MESH:D014890', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatosis']

entities_list: @entity370 :: ('MESH:D012507', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['glomerulonephritis']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ) with hyperleukocytosis of at least 100 x 10(9) per L are at high risk of @entity204 due to @entity358 . Although the efficacy of leukapheresis in terms of prompt cytoreduction is generally accepted, published data regarding the clinical value of immediate therapeutic leukapheresis are limited and conflicting. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: To determine whether leukapheresis has a favorable impact on early mortality, the clinical course of 53 newly diagnosed @entity1 with @entity3052 and hyperleukocytosis admitted between 1995 and 2005 was analyzed retrospectively. Before August 2001, 28 @entity1 received chemotherapy without leukoreduction ( @entity1129 ). Thereafter, all @entity3052 @entity1 with hyperleukocytosis were scheduled to receive leukapheresis, which was performed in 25 @entity1 (Cohort B). RESULTS: There were no procedure-related adverse events. By Day 21 of therapy, 13 of 53 @entity1 had died, resulting in an overall @entity204 rate of 25 percent. In a multivariate logistic regression model, @entity1 in Cohort B had a significantly lower risk of @entity204 than @entity1 in @entity1129 (16% vs. 32%, respectively; p = 0.015). @entity1353 (p = 0.005), elevated @entity1011 (p = 0.028), and higher @entity880 dehydrogenase serum levels (p = 0.021) were independent risk factors for @entity204 . With a median follow-up of 24.2 months, the overall survival was similar in both cohorts ( @entity1129 , 7.5; Cohort B, 6.5 months). Thus, leukapheresis had no impact on @entity1 ' long-term survivals. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience suggests that @entity3052 @entity1 with hyperleukocytosis receiving leukapheresis had a significantly lower risk for @entity204 by Day 21 than @entity1 treated without leukapheresis. We therefore have adopted leukapheresis as a standard procedure in our department.

title: Impact of leukapheresis on @entity204 rate in adult XXXX presenting with hyperleukocytosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary or cerebral leukostasis']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['early death']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: Transgenic @entity286 genotypes expressing the @entity2829 @entity11219 gene were developed with altered catalase (CAT) levels that resulted in a moderate increase of CAT activity in two transgenic lines. @entity2348 , with a pathogen that does not share homology with the transgene, caused local and systemic down-regulation of the steady state mRNA levels of the 35S-driven transgene in a manner resembling post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS). Phenotypic symptoms of @entity56 acquired resistance (SAR) were similar in control SR1 and the transgenic genotypes. Induction of hin1, used as a molecular marker of plant responses to invading bacteria, displayed a similar pattern between control and transgenic lines, but some variation in the levels of expression was observed. The major difference was recorded in the ability of the plants to restrict bacterial growth during HR. All transgenic lines were more sensitive than control SR1, with two lines exhibiting a significantly reduced capacity to inhibit bacterial growth. This is consistent with the putative enhanced capacity of transgenic lines containing the @entity2829 @entity11219 gene to more effectively remove @entity274 , which may act as a direct antimicrobial agent. Steady state mRNA levels of @entity58756 varied among the genotypes, possibly indicating differences in strength of the SAR signal. Transgenic line 2, which was the most sensitive during HR, was most effective in restricting bacterial growth during SAR. This indicates that a reverse correlation might exist between the severity of @entity281 during HR and the ability to inhibit bacterial growth during SAR. Growth under high light conditions affected plant-pathogen interactions in control SR1, as well as in transgenic line 8. Early induction and higher expression of @entity58756 was detected in both SR1 and line 8 in high light-grown plants as compared with their low light-grown counterparts. Our data indicate that growth under high light conditions can predispose plants to better resist pathogen attack, and may amplify local and systemic defense signals. Finally, one transgenic line, which exhibited 1.3-fold higher average CAT activity in comparison with the untransformed SR1 control, suffered significantly less @entity6453 (MV) damage than untransformed control plants at moderate and high MV concentrations.

title: Transgenic @entity286 plants expressing the XXXX @entity11219 gene have altered catalase levels that affect plant-pathogen interactions and resistance to oxidative stress.

entities_list: @entity6453 :: ('MESH:D010269', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl viologen']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['Bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['hypersensitive response (HR) and systemic']

answer: @entity2829 :: (4577,Species) :: ['maize']


abstract: @entity75 ( @entity75 ) is a rare @entity792 characterized by symptoms of acute or subacute @entity75 associated with increased antithyroid antibody levels. @entity7993 is also a rare entity that occurs in less than 5% of @entity1 with systemic @entity370 . @entity7993 usually presents with @entity129 , @entity602 , or new-onset @entity410 . We report a case of a 49-year-old caucasian @entity1 , previously healthy, who initially presented for a workup of a new-onset @entity410 . She had a gradually progressive course with @entity149 and recurrent partial @entity410 refractory to conventional antiepileptic drugs. Her @entity410 responded well to a course of intravenous immunoglobulin. She was subsequently diagnosed with @entity75 and @entity10070 based on serological and pathological studies. She improved neurologically once the @entity410 were controlled. @entity75 is a rare condition that is potentially treatable and presents with various neuropsychiatric manifestations. It is a diagnosis of exclusion that requires a strong clinical suspicion and is often underrecognized.

title: @entity75 or XXXX ? A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'woman']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cranial neuropathies']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Hashimoto encephalopathy', 'HE', 'encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['neurocognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity7993 :: ('MESH:C535814', 'Disease') :: ['Neurosarcoidosis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

entities_list: @entity10070 :: ('MESH:D017565', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary sarcoidosis']

answer: @entity7993 :: (MESH:C535814,Disease) :: ['neurosarcoidosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background. Activating mutations in the @entity8958 gene leads to @entity259 ( @entity259 ). Guidelines encourage performing @entity8958 analysis in subjects with @entity4310 . Materials and Methods. Design. Observational, case series report study. @entity1 . Subjects diagnosed with @entity259 , with a thyroidectomy performed in a single center in Costa Rica between the years 2006 and 2015. Diagnosis and Follow-Up. Pre- and postoperative calcitonin, @entity8958 mutation, and neck ultrasound and tomography were obtained. Results. 21 subjects with histological diagnosis of @entity259 were followed up. The average age at diagnosis was 52.0    15.7 years. The preoperative mean value of calcitonin was 1340    665   pg/mL. Evidence of @entity8958 mutation was found in 26.3% of the @entity1 , with only 2 of them grouped in the same kindred. We found statistically significant differences in mean ages between mutated (38.4    20.2   y) versus nonmutated @entity8958 gene (54.6    11.8   y, p = 0.04). There were no significant differences regarding @entity5 size, metastases, and surgical reintervention. Conclusions. We report the results of @entity8958 mutation analysis in subjects with @entity259 in a single center of Costa Rica. The availability of this tool increases the probability of identifying familial @entity259 , with the benefit of detecting affected subjects and their relatives at an earlier age.

title: Genetic and Clinical Features of XXXX : The Experience of a Single Center in Costa Rica.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary and sporadic disease']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma', 'MTC']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Granulomatous @entity784 ( @entity784 ) are rare and represent a diagnostic challenge. Only limited data on the clinicopathological and prognostic features of granulomatous @entity784 are available. We studied 19 @entity1 with granulomatous @entity784 to further characterize the clinicopathological, therapeutic, and prognostic features. OBSERVATIONS: The group included 15 @entity1 with @entity4888 ( @entity4888 ) and 4 with @entity42424 ( @entity42424 ) defined according to the World Health Organization-European Organization for Research and Treatment of @entity5 classification for @entity706 . @entity1 with @entity4888 and @entity42424 displayed overlapping histologic features and differed only clinically by the development of bulky skin folds in @entity42424 . Histologically, epidermotropism of lymphocytes was not a prominent feature and was absent in 9 of 19 cases (47%). Stable or progressive disease was observed in most @entity1 despite various treatment modalities. Extracutaneous spread occurred in 5 of 19 @entity1 (26%), second @entity706 developed in 4 of 19 @entity1 (21%), and 6 of 19 @entity1 (32%) died of their disease. Disease-specific 5-year survival rate in @entity4888 was 66%. CONCLUSIONS: There are clinical differences between @entity4888 and @entity42424 , but they show overlapping histologic findings and therefore cannot be discriminated by histologic examination alone. Development of hanging skin folds is restricted to the intertriginous body regions. Granulomatous @entity784 show a therapy-resistant, slowly progressive course. The prognosis of @entity4888 appears worse than that of classic @entity4888 .

title: @entity4888 and XXXX : a multicenter study of the @entity706 Histopathology Task Force Group of the European Organization For Research and Treatment of @entity5 (EORTC).

entities_list: @entity4888 :: ('MESH:D009182', 'Disease') :: ['GMF', 'nongranulomatous mycosis fungoides', 'granulomatous mycosis fungoides']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid neoplasms', 'cutaneous lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['CTCLs', 'cutaneous T-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity42424 :: ('MESH:D016410', 'Disease') :: ['granulomatous slack skin', 'GSS']

answer: @entity42424 :: (MESH:D016410,Disease) :: ['granulomatous slack skin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity13104 ( @entity13104 ) is an @entity72 that is characterized by significant difficulties in social interaction and nonverbal communication, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior and interests. Difficulties with respect to pragmatic speech, reading emotional and social cues, differentiating between fact and fiction, and taking into account the influence of context on a statement are commonly described features. However, hitherto established questionnaires did not focus on these symptoms. METHODS: In this study we present a short (11 questions) questionnaire which focuses on self-rated pragmatic speech abilities, the Freiburg Questionnaire of linguistic pragmatics (FQLP). Psychometric properties of the questionnaire were explored in a sample of 57 @entity1 with @entity13104 , 66 @entity1 with other @entity146 , and a convenience sample of 56 @entity1 . RESULTS: Reliability analysis showed a high Cronbach's a. Strong correlations could be demonstrated for the FQLP with the @entity2438 Quotient and the Empathy Quotient. Concerning divergent validity a moderate correlation was found between the FQLP and self-rated symptoms of @entity1314 . No significant correlation was found between the FQLP and the vocabulary skills. The receiver operating characteristics curve showed an excellent diagnostic accuracy of the FQLP (.97). CONCLUSIONS: As the control group consisted of @entity1 without @entity146 and @entity1 with different @entity146 , the results indicate that the construct examined by the FQLP is quite specific to the peculiarities of @entity13104 . The FQLP is a reliable, brief and valid instrument. First results regarding sensitivity and specificity are highly promising.

title: Freiburg Questionnaire of linguistic pragmatics (FQLP): psychometric properties based on a XXXX sample.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders', 'mental disorder']

entities_list: @entity13104 :: ('MESH:D020817', 'Disease') :: ['AS', "Asperger's Syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity1314 :: ('MESH:D010554', 'Disease') :: ['personality disorders']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: Exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) has been reported to be associated with increased respiratory, cardiovascular, and @entity358 . Previously we have shown that PM can induce oxidative DNA damage in A549 @entity1 lung epithelial cells. The aims of the present study were to investigate the variability of the DNA-damaging properties of PM sampled at different locations and times and to relate the observed effects to the @entity3787 -radical ( @entity2145 )-generating activities of these samples. Weekly samples of coarse (10-2.5 microm) and fine (<2.5 microm) PM from four sites (Nordrheim Westfalen, Germany) were analyzed for @entity3884 - @entity2625 -dependent @entity2145 formation using electron paramagnetic resonance and formation of @entity7599 ( @entity7599 ) in @entity291 thymus DNA using an immuno-dot-blot assay. DNA strand breakage by fine PM in A549 @entity1 lung epithelial cells was quantified using the alkaline comet assay. Both PM size distribution fractions elicited @entity2145 generation and @entity7599 formations in @entity291 thymus DNA. Significantly higher @entity2145 generation was observed for PM sampled at urban/industrial locations and for coarse PM. Samples of fine PM also caused DNA strand breakage in A549 cells and this damage could be prevented using the @entity3787 -radical scavengers @entity24013 and @entity3733 . The observed DNA strand breakage appeared to correlate with the @entity3787 -radical-generating capacities of the PM samples but with different profiles for rural versus urban/industrial samples. In conclusion, when considered at equal mass, @entity2145 formation of PM shows considerable variability with regard to the sampling location and time and is correlated with its ability to cause DNA damage.

title: XXXX -radical-dependent DNA damage by ambient particulate matter from contrasting sampling locations.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity7599 :: ('MESH:C040791', 'Chemical') :: ['8-OHdG', '8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine']

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxide']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethyl sulfoxide']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lung disease']

entities_list: @entity24013 :: ('MESH:C017245', 'Chemical') :: ['5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide']

answer: @entity3787 :: (MESH:D017665,Chemical) :: ['Hydroxyl']


abstract: Aim: To study the relationship between @entity1321 and prognosis of @entity14 . Methods: Data of 4501 @entity14 @entity1 were analyzed from national colorectal registry. The survival analysis was done using the Kaplan-Meier method. The Log-rank test was used to compare the survival rate between @entity1321 . The probability value of less than 0.05 (P-value < 0.05) was considered as statistically significant. The simple Cox proportional hazards regression analysis was used to explore the crude hazard ratio. Results: More than 13% of @entity1 reported to have @entity1321 . The 3-year survival rate after treatment were 48.3% (95% CI = 43.9% to 52.8%) for @entity1321 (n = 593) and 54.9% (95% CI = 53.1% to 56.6%) for non- @entity1321 (n = 3908). The 5-year survival rate for @entity1321 was 37.3% (95% CI = 31.9% to 42.8%), which was shorter than non- @entity1321 (45.6%, 95% CI = 43.5% to 47.7%). After adjusting the hazard ratio by other prognostic variables, @entity1321 among @entity14 @entity1 were statistically significant factor for poor survival, with adjusted hazard ratio of 1.22 (P-value = 0.008). Conclusion: Presence of @entity1321 is associated with poor survival rate among @entity14 @entity1 .

title: Intestinal Obstruction: Predictor of Poor Prognosis in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction', 'intestinal obstruction and non-intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In recent years, the measurement of cerebral regional @entity26 saturation (rSO2) during resuscitation has attracted attention. The objective of this study was to clarify the relationship between the serial changes in the cerebral rSO2 values during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) and the neurological outcome. METHODS: We measured the serial changes in the cerebral rSO2 values of @entity1 with out-of-hospital @entity1167 before and after ECPR in Osaka National Hospital. RESULTS: From January 2013 through March 2015, the serial changes in the cerebral rSO2 values were evaluated in 16 @entity1 . Their outcomes, as measured by the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) score at discharge, included good recovery (GR) (n   =   4), vegetative state (VS) (n   =   2), and @entity204 ( @entity204 ) (n   =   10). In the poor neurological group (VS and @entity204 : n   =   12; age, 52.8        4.0  years), the cerebral rSO2 values showed a significant increase during ECPR (5  min before ECPR: 52.0        1.8%; 2  min before ECPR: 56.1        2.3%; 2  min after ECPR: 63.5        2.2%; 5  min after ECPR: 66.4        2.2%; 10  min after ECPR: 67.6        2.3% [P   <   0.01]). In contrast, in the good neurological group (GR: n   =   4; age, 53.8        6.9  years), the cerebral rSO2 values did not increase to a significant extent during ECPR (5  min before ECPR: 61.9        3.1%; 2  min before ECPR: 57.1        4.0%; 2  min after ECPR: 59.6        3.8%; 5  min after ECPR: 61.0        3.7%; 10  min after ECPR: 62.0        3.8% [P   =   0.88]). Our study suggested that the @entity1 whose cerebral rSO2 values showed no significant improvement after ECPR might have had a good neurological prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The serial changes in the cerebral rSO2 values during ECPR may predict a @entity1 's neurological outcome. The further evaluation of the validity of rSO2 monitoring during ECPR may lead to a new resuscitation strategy.

title: The relationship between cerebral regional XXXX saturation during extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the neurological outcome in a retrospective analysis of 16 cases.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: In this prospective study, an attempt was made to determine the relationship between coitus and onset of labor. 140 pregnant @entity1 at and beyond 28 weeks of pregnancy were studied. @entity1 with clinically evident causes of @entity3152 like incompetent os, @entity2978 , twins, and antepartum @entity548 were excluded. Cases with abnormal presentations were also excluded. These @entity1 knew their last menstrual period. Detailed history of any symptoms of @entity5860 was requested. 79.29% of the @entity1 were between 20 and 29 years of age. Both primigravidas and multigravidas were included. Out of 42 @entity1 with history of regular coitus during pregnancy, 17 @entity1 (40.48%) had preterm onset of labor, while 30 out of 98 (30.61%) had preterm onset of labor. There was no difference in the behavior of primigravidas and multigravidas. However, it was found that @entity1 who had @entity5860 had a significantly higher incidence of @entity3152 (46.88%) as compared with @entity1 with sexual activity but without such symptoms (20.O%) (p 0.005). When symptomatic @entity1 with positive sexual activity and negative coital history were compared, the incidence was similar: 46.88% and 48.07%, respectively. However, when symptomatic @entity1 with a positive history of sexual activity were compared with asymptomatic @entity1 without sexual activity, the occurrence of @entity3152 was significantly more in the positive group: 20% vs. 10.87% in the negative history group (p .05). The significantly higher increase in @entity3152 in @entity1 who had symptoms of @entity5860 and coitus implies that semen rather than coitus may affect the onset of labor. Further studies are required to learn more about this observation.

title: Sexual activity and onset of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labor']

entities_list: @entity2978 :: ('MESH:D006831', 'Disease') :: ['hydramnios']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5860 :: ('MESH:D060737', 'Disease') :: ['coitus and symptoms of lower genital tract infection', 'lower genital tract infection']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm labour']


abstract: The possible roles of certain oncogenes in the development of @entity977 has not been investigated. We have examined the expression of @entity517 , @entity1639 , and @entity13327 in a number of @entity1 @entity977 by ribonuclease protection assays, as these oncogenes have been implicated to have roles in the pathogenesis of other @entity1 @entity5 (12, 13, 15, 16). In several @entity5 examined (9 of 30) @entity517 was expressed at levels 4-9 times greater than the level detected in normal postmortem pituitary. Although a larger percentage of negative immunohistochemical-staining @entity5 overexpressed @entity517 , @entity517 over-expression was not limited to this group of @entity5 . @entity1639 was overexpressed in 1 of 30 @entity5 examined at a level 5.8-fold higher than that detected in normal postmortem pituitary. This @entity5 stained positive for ACTH by immunohistochemistry and was considered highly aggressive, demonstrating @entity3 ; however, when other ACTH-staining and invasive @entity977 were examined, no abnormality in the expression of @entity1639 was detected. In 30 @entity5 , @entity13327 was expressed at approximately the same level as that detected in normal postmortem pituitary. We conclude that @entity517 is overexpressed in a subgroup of @entity977 and that this overexpression occurs broadly among the different groups of immunohistochemical-staining @entity5 . @entity1639 overexpression appears to be much less common in @entity977 and does not necessarily correlate with the ability of the @entity5 to become invasive. @entity13327 does not appear to have a role in the pathogenesis of @entity977 .

title: @entity517 , XXXX , and @entity13327 gene expression in @entity1 @entity977 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasion beyond the sella turcica']

answer: @entity1639 :: (2353,Gene) :: ['c-fos']


abstract: @entity27662 --a new injectable formulation with a duration of action of 2-3 days--was compared with conventional intramuscular and oral formulations of @entity1767 and @entity14753 in the initial treatment of acutely disturbed, @entity716 @entity1 . The @entity1 were stratified into 3 diagnostic categories: acute @entity914 (48 @entity1 ), @entity162 (22 @entity1 ), and exacerbation of chronic @entity914 (73 @entity1 ). The @entity1 were rated on the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Bech-Rafaelsen Mania Rating Scale (BRMAS) (only @entity162 @entity1 ) and globally on the Clinical Global Impression (CGI). The study was an open, randomized multicentre trial with a 6-day treatment period. The @entity27662 @entity1 received 1-4 doses, the @entity1767 @entity1 1-26 and the @entity14753 @entity1 1-22 doses. The assessments on the CGI showed that all 3 treatments caused a clear reduction of the severity of illness scores in all 3 diagnostic categories, with no differences between treatments. The ratings of the acute and chronic @entity716 @entity1 on the BPRS also showed significant reductions in scores with no differences between treatments. All 3 treatments caused a rapid remission of symptoms on the BRMAS. @entity1767 induced @entity2845 in significantly more @entity1 than @entity27662 after 24 h. Later there were no significant differences between treatments. @entity27662 fulfils many desires for an amended neuroleptic formulation for the initial treatment of acutely disturbed @entity716 @entity1 .

title: A controlled Nordic multicentre study of XXXX in oil solution, @entity1767 and @entity14753 in the treatment of acute @entity716 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity14753 :: ('MESH:D003006', 'Chemical') :: ['zuclopenthixol']

entities_list: @entity914 :: ('MESH:D011618', 'Disease') :: ['psychoses']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity27662 :: ('MESH:C060342', 'Chemical') :: ['zuclopenthixol acetate', 'Zuclopenthixol acetate']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['Haloperidol', 'haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

answer: @entity27662 :: (MESH:C060342,Chemical) :: ['zuclopenthixol acetate']


abstract: A clone was isolated from a cDNA library constructed from @entity109 -treated @entity35 @entity35 liver and proven to correspond to the full-length mRNA of a polymorphic variant of Sprague-Dawley @entity7570 . Eight @entity377 differences were detected in a single 76- @entity377 stretch and confirmed to be present in the genomic clone. They are seated in a region implicated in the definition of a substrate binding domain of the native P450. Three out of the eight @entity377 changes are nonconservative, implicating the replacement of Thr/Ala 207, @entity815 /Ile 213, and Ile/ @entity2596 232. This is the first report of an allelic variant of @entity7570 , a new example of interstrain P450 variability. The @entity12531 subfamily is composed of several genes coding for active @entity251 6 beta-hydroxylases which are expressed in the liver. @entity12531 genes are under strong and distinct developmental regulation. Conversely to @entity7570 , transiently expressed in immature animals, @entity12284 is constitutively expressed in the liver early after birth and characterized by an extinction in the adult females. Castration of 90-day-old male @entity35 causes a @entity353 (80%) of @entity12284 mRNA relative abundance. Administration of @entity3033 restores the physiological levels of @entity12284 mRNA characteristic of the male @entity35 liver. Our results demonstrate the existence of a direct relationship between the male hormonal status and the constitutive expression of @entity35 liver @entity12284 .

title: Cloning and characterization of a novel XXXX allelic variant: analysis of @entity7570 and @entity12284 sex-hormone-dependent expression reveals that the @entity12284 gene is regulated by @entity251 .

entities_list: @entity3033 :: ('MESH:D043343', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone propionate']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['drastic reduction']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

answer: @entity7570 :: (25642(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['CYP3A1']


abstract: Reductions in everyday problem solving (EPS) are often reported in older age, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The authors examined the role of 2 variables predicted to mediate (neuropsychological abilities and health status) or moderate (health status) the relationship between age and EPS performance. Toward these ends, they compared EPS and neuropsychological performance in 50 functionally independent adults with @entity740 ( @entity740 ) and 64 control @entity1 matched on age and education. Both older age and @entity740 were associated with worse performance on measures of EPS and memory/executive abilities. Neuropsychological abilities were positively associated with EPS performance. In both the full sample and control @entity1 only, memory/executive functioning mediated the association between presence of @entity102 and EPS. Furthermore, memory/executive functioning partially mediated the link between age and EPS. Findings indicate that relations among age, health status, and EPS are not straightforward. Although performance on neuropsychological measures appeared to underlie EPS declines in @entity102 , increasing age remained independently associated with reduced EPS. The authors discuss implications for models of adult developmental changes in everyday cognition.

title: Neuropsychological mediators of the links among age, XXXX , and everyday problem solving.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease', 'CKD']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic illness']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2321 is a rare disease combining @entity2651 , @entity3798 , and @entity3797 . The quality of life is greatly impaired very early, with major difficulty for feeding and drawbacks of usual dental prostheses. Early implant placement is a therapeutic alternative. It is usually performed in areas of stable growth, such as the mandibular symphysis. We report the case of very early implant placement in a @entity1 presenting with @entity2651 related to @entity2321 . CASE PRESENTATION: A 6-year-old male @entity1 was treated with maxillary and mandibular implant-borne prosthetic rehabilitation. Five implants were placed in the mandible and seven in the maxilla. The esthetic and functional outcome was satisfactory, improving the quality of life. DISCUSSION: Very early implant-borne prosthetic rehabilitation is an alternative, which could become a first line treatment. It restores oro-facial functions allowing for a better development of maxillo-facial bones. This alternative is not without risks. But is it acceptable to wait until teenage with an inadequate removable prosthesis, because growth is not completed?

title: [ XXXX due to @entity2321 : rehabilitation with very early dental implants].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity3798 :: ('MESH:D007039', 'Disease') :: ['hypotrichosis']

entities_list: @entity2651 :: ('MESH:D000848', 'Disease') :: ['hypodontia']

entities_list: @entity2321 :: ('MESH:D004476', 'Disease') :: ['ectodermal dysplasia', 'Anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity3797 :: ('MESH:D007007', 'Disease') :: ['hypohidrosis']

answer: @entity2651 :: (MESH:D000848,Disease) :: ['Hypodontia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To derive Normal Tissue Complication Probability (NTCP) models for severe patterns of early radiological radiation-induced @entity651 (RRLI) in @entity1 treated with radiotherapy (RT) for @entity2 . Second, derive threshold doses and optimal doses for prediction of RRLI to be used in differential diagnosis of @entity5 recurrence from RRLI during follow-up. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Lyman-EUD (LEUD), Logit-EUD (LogEUD), relative seriality (RS) and critical volume (CV) NTCP models, with DVH corrected for fraction size, were used to model the presence of severe early RRLI in follow-up CTs. The models parameters, including a/b, were determined by fitting data from forty-five @entity1 treated with IMRT for @entity2 . Models were assessed using Akaike information criterion (AIC) and area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Threshold doses for risk of RRLI and doses corresponding to the optimal point of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve were determined. RESULTS: The a/bs obtained with different models were 2.7-3.2  Gy. The thresholds and optimal doses curves were EUDs of 3.2-7.8  Gy and 15.2-18.1  Gy with LEUD, LogEUD and RS models, and  d of 0.013 and 0.071 with the CV model. NTCP models had AUCs significantly higher than 0.5. Occurrence and severity of RRLI were correlated with @entity1 ' values of EUD and  d. CONCLUSIONS: The models and dose levels derived can be used in differential diagnosis of @entity5 recurrence from RRLI in @entity1 treated with RT. Cross validation is needed to prove prediction performance of the model outside the dataset from which it was derived.

title: Normal tissue complication probability models for severe acute radiological XXXX after radiotherapy for @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung tumors', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

answer: @entity651 :: (MESH:D055370,Disease) :: ['lung injury']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: For the study of the function of genes of interest in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and for successful gene therapy, it is fundamental to develop a method of efficient gene transfer into HSCs. In @entity19 experiments, efforts have been made to raise the transduction efficiency by modifying the vectors, administrating @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) to donor @entity19 , selecting cytokine cocktails to better sustain the long-term repopulating potential of the stem cells, and so on. The objective of this study is to examine whether the use of @entity10305 ( @entity10305 )-expanded bone marrow cells provide an improved source for retroviral gene delivery to HSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Unfractionated bone marrow cells from one @entity19 were cultured in serum-free medium containing @entity10305 . Both floating and attached cells were transferred to retronectin precoated dishes and infected with virus supernatant from MP34 cells stably transduced with pMY/GFP retrovirus. After 3-day infection, the green fluorescence protein-positive fraction was sorted and the cells were transplanted to lethally irradiated @entity19 . RESULTS: The experiments illustrated that the number of bone marrow-derived competitive repopulation units (CRUs) was increased from 600 to 9300 per @entity19 after a 3-week culture period with @entity10305 . Following retroviral transduction of the expanded cells, the absolute number of sorted retrovirus-transduced CRUs was 4200. Using these retrovirus-transduced cells in noncompetitive reconstitution assay, we achieved radiation protection and long-term bone marrow reconstitution in 100% of the recipients with average myeloid and lymphoid chimerisms of 70% and 50%, respectively, even if we transplanted 150 recipients with cells derived from a single donor @entity19 . CONCLUSION: In conclusion, @entity10305 -expanded bone marrow cells constitute an excellent source of stem cells that could be used in a range of gene delivery protocols.

title: Hematopoietic stem cells expanded by XXXX are excellent targets for retrovirus-mediated gene delivery.

answer: @entity10305 :: (14164(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['fibroblast growth factor-1']


abstract: Poly(A)-binding protein ( @entity26332 ) is considered an essential component of a eukaryotic cell; deletion of the @entity26332 -coding gene in @entity375 leads to a lethal phenotype. @entity26332 is implicated in numerous aspects of posttranscriptional regulation, including mRNA turnover and translational initiation. A nested set of degenerate PCR primers designed from regions conserved among @entity375 , @entity1238 , and @entity1 @entity26332 sequences was used to amplify genomic DNA fragments from @entity958 . Hybridization screening of genomic and cDNA libraries with a genomic PCR probe led to the isolation of three diverse @entity958 genes encoding PABPs, @entity61915 , @entity61916 , and @entity61917 . All three sequences contain the expected four RNA-recognition motifs. Sequence diversity between these genes equals or exceeds the diversity among animal and fungal sequences. One of the genes, @entity61917 , and its cDNA were completely sequenced. Its open reading frame encodes a 73.2-kDa protein containing a number of @entity535 motifs characteristic of PABPs from different species. Moreover, in vitro synthesized @entity61917 protein bound to @entity61918 with high specificity. All three genes isolated showed organ-specific patterns of expression. @entity61917 and @entity61916 RNAs were detected only in floral organs, with the highest level of expression in immature flowers. @entity61915 RNA was observed predominantly in roots, was less abundant in immature flowers, and was not detected in any other organ examined (stems, leaves, mature flowers, siliques). This suggests a potentially unique role for PABPs in organ-specific posttranscriptional regulation in plants.

title: Differential organ-specific expression of three poly(A)-binding-protein genes from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity61918 :: ('MESH:C030810', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(A)-Sepharose']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Passive smoke exposure increases the risk of lower @entity1729 (LRI) in @entity1 , but the extensive literature on this association has not been systematically reviewed for nearly ten years. The aim of this paper is to provide an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of studies of the association between passive smoking and LRI, and with diagnostic subcategories including @entity5924 , in @entity1 aged two years and under. METHODS: We searched MEDLINE and EMBASE (to November 2010), reference lists from publications and abstracts from major conference proceedings to identify all relevant publications. Random effect pooled odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. RESULTS: We identified 60 studies suitable for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Smoking by either parent or other household members significantly increased the risk of LRI; odds ratios (OR) were 1.22 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.35) for paternal smoking, 1.62 (95% CI 1.38 to 1.89) if both parents smoked, and 1.54 (95% CI 1.40 to 1.69) for any household member smoking. Pre-natal maternal smoking (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.38) had a weaker effect than post-natal smoking (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.45 to 1.73). The strongest effect was on @entity5924 , where the risk of any household smoking was increased by an OR of 2.51 (95% CI 1.96 to 3.21). CONCLUSIONS: Passive smoking in the family home is a major influence on the risk of LRI in @entity1 , and especially on @entity5924 . Risk is particularly strong in relation to post-natal maternal smoking. Strategies to prevent passive smoke exposure in young @entity1 are an urgent public and @entity1 health priority.

title: Parental and household smoking and the increased risk of bronchitis, @entity5924 and other lower XXXX in infancy: systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5924 :: ('MESH:D001988', 'Disease') :: ['bronchiolitis']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infection']

answer: @entity1729 :: (MESH:D012141,Disease) :: ['respiratory infections']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The best noninvasive method predicting clinical relapse remains undetermined in infliximab (IFX)-treated @entity1 with @entity30 . METHODS: All @entity1 with @entity1050 on IFX maintenance treatment and in clinical remission for at least 16 weeks, between 2011 and 2014, were enrolled in a prospective single-center study. The @entity30 Activity Index (CDAI), fecal calprotectin, @entity1851 levels, antibodies (ATI), and trough level (TLI) of IFX were measured at every IFX infusion. The best thresholds of TLI (2 versus 3  g/mL) and calprotectin (50 versus 250  g/g stools) were identified across four logistic regression models. RESULTS: One hundred nineteen @entity1 (mean age: 34    12 yrs, mean disease duration: 7.8 yrs) were included. Mean follow-up was 20.4 months, and 17% of the @entity1 were on IFX and @entity500 at inclusion. During follow-up, 37 @entity1 (31.1%) relapsed, 78% within the first 6 months. The clinical characteristics of the relapsed and nonrelapsed @entity1 were similar. After logistic regression, fecal calprotectin >250  g/g stools (OR: 4.09; 95% CI, 1.01-16.21; P = 0.049) and TLI <2  g/mL (OR: 14.85; 95% CI, 3.67-60; P < 0.0001) were associated with loss of response. A training cohort of 55 @entity1 was isolated randomly to implement prediction rules for loss of response. The best predictive rules were the combination of a TLI <2  g/mL and a fecal calprotectin level >250  g/g stools (78.3%). These rules were validated on a test cohort of 64 @entity1 with an accuracy of 87%, (sensitivity = 0.94, specificity = 0.84, positive predictive value = 0.73, and negative predictive value = 0.97). CONCLUSIONS: In IFX-treated @entity1 with @entity1050 in clinical remission, a combination of TLI (<2  g/mL) and fecal calprotectin (>250  g/g of stools) is a good model for predicting loss of response. In contrast with previous data, low TLIs ranging from 2 to 3  g/mL should neither systematically lead to the optimization of IFX use nor a switch in the treatment.

title: Development and Internal Validation of a Model Using Fecal Calprotectin in Combination with Infliximab Trough Levels to Predict Clinical Relapse in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity500 :: ('MESH:D001379', 'Chemical') :: ['azathioprine']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's Disease", "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's Disease']


abstract: @entity99 are a common cause of @entity204 worldwide. However, few @entity1 are candidates for resection at the time of presentation. Microwave ablation is a viable alternative available for these @entity1 . To date, only straight antennas are used for microwave ablation. Recently, a prototype loop-shaped microwave antenna was developed that, in animal studies, more effectively kills @entity5 . For this study, the dual-probe lesions were created by placing the probes in both @entity5 and normal livers. Lesions were created with 60 watts applied power for 5-7 minutes. The livers were sectioned and stained for viability. The average ablation volume was 63.9 +/- 8.7 cm(3). Microwave ablation with the loop probes results in complete @entity5 kill at the ablation/ @entity5 interface, and adjacent to surrounding blood vessels. In addition, vessels within the ablation/ @entity5 interface failed to show viable cells. The shape of the lesions was not distorted by proximity to blood vessels. The advantages of this configuration over conventional straight probes include the ability to encircle a @entity5 , deliver large amounts of precisely targeted microwave energy to the @entity5 , and spare normal liver outside the loop.

title: Microwave ablation of XXXX using dual-loop probes: results of a phase I clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic tumors']


abstract: Introduction. @entity2419 is a rare @entity600 which nonetheless has a classic presentation. This study presents one of the largest single series of new @entity1 with MCC and provides an exhaustive review and catalogue of publications from the international literature. Materials and Methods. Retrospective chart review performed in two academic medical centers and literature review performed with primary verification of all quoted references. Results. Ten @entity1 with MCC were identified (8 @entity1 and 2 @entity1 ). All @entity1 presented with the classic findings of this @entity154 , and the length of the skin defect correlated with an increase in the @entity1 's age. Surgical excision was complete in all cases. Thorough international literature review yielded only 195 verifiable previously reported cases. Conclusions. This is one of the largest series of new @entity1 with @entity2419 presented in the world literature. Although rare (with less than 200 cases published to date) this entity does have a reliable presentation that should lead to rapid and accurate diagnosis. Complete surgical excision at an early age is appropriate since the anomaly increases in length commensurate with the @entity1 's age.

title: XXXX : review of an uncommon entity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boys', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly']

entities_list: @entity2419 :: ('MESH:D002972', 'Disease') :: ['Midline cervical cleft', 'midline cervical cleft']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['congenital malformation']

answer: @entity2419 :: (MESH:D002972,Disease) :: ['Midline cervical cleft']