abstract: A 6-month-old male @entity1 with @entity7276 ( @entity7276 ) who was the first @entity1 of a cousin marriage is presented. The @entity1 had @entity381 and severe @entity417 . Examination of the peripheral blood smear revealed spherocytes and the osmotic fragility of red blood cells was greatly increased. Physical examination of the parents revealed that both parents had mild @entity417 , @entity1087 and @entity381 . Their peripheral blood smears showed spherocytes and a few acanthocytes. @entity2100 of red blood cells of both parents were increased. Red cell membrane electrophoresis indicated a @entity942 was also detected in both parents. Electrophoretic patterns of red cell membrane proteins suggested that the @entity1 was homozygous for the dominant form of @entity7276 associated with @entity36770 , while both parents had the simple dominant form of the disease. Red blood cell transfusions were given to the @entity1 starting at the age of 1 month until splenectomy was performed at the age of 1 year that resulted in complete haematological response. This observation indicates that homozygosity for dominant type of @entity7276 associated with @entity36770 is life compatible and splenectomy may cure the @entity417 .

title: Homozygosity for dominant form of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'child', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity7276 :: ('MESH:D013103', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary spherocytosis', 'HS']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['Osmotic fragility']

entities_list: @entity381 :: ('MESH:D013163', 'Disease') :: ['splenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity36770 :: ('MESH:C566996', 'Disease') :: ['ankyrin deficiency']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of ankyrin in the propositus; mild deficiency']

answer: @entity7276 :: (MESH:D013103,Disease) :: ['hereditary spherocytosis']


abstract: We present the case of a 72-year-old @entity1 referred for @entity1353 and vertigo when admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of @entity472 . She had @entity101 with previous @entity1150 with no known hypercoagulable diathesis. She underwent aortic valve replacement with a Carpentier-Magna bioprosthesis without intraoperative complications; selective cardioplegia before aortic wall suture confirmed that coronary ostia were free. After extracorporeal circulation weaning, an episode of @entity2224 occurred; sinus rhythm was restored using 20 J shock. Considering new episodes of @entity2224 , the increasing number of polymorph ectopic ventricular systoles and the worsening of @entity1 condition despite the use of high doses of inotropes, an intra-aortic balloon pump 1: 1 was inserted via the right femoral artery. Echocardiography (ECG) did not show alteration of the bioprosthesis in the presence of severe left @entity67 (ejection fraction <30%) with ipokinesia of the anterior-lateral wall and moderate-severe @entity339 . Considering the rapid decline of the @entity1 's condition despite the use of high doses of inotropes and an intra-aortic balloon pump, the aortic wall was reopened to control bioprosthesis. The intraoperative finding was unexpected; a @entity715 of length 3-4 cm was found, attached to the prosthetic annulus and protruding into the left main trunk. The @entity715 was immediately sucked up to avoid coronary embolization and, after that, the prosthesis was replaced with a Mitroflow 19 (Sorin Group Inc, Mitroflow Division, Vancouver, Canada) bioprosthesis. Probably, an association between factors could induce @entity715 -like aortic sinuses: annulus dimensions, endothelium damage caused during @entity8704 , tears in the bioprosthetic sewing ring, unknown coagulation diathesis and the structure of the Carpentier-Magna support may have induced this very unusual complication. However, we do not have enough information to establish with certainty the causes of this complication, but discussion of this topic may be useful.

title: Acute bioprosthetic XXXX immediately after aortic valve replacement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular impairment']

entities_list: @entity8704 :: ('MESH:D003649', 'Disease') :: ['decalcification']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report the feasibility of a novel robotic technique for intracorporeal construction of a double Yang-Monti ileal conduit with @entity1494 in an adult @entity1 . METHODS: The Yang-Monti procedure can be considered as an alternative to Mitrofanoff appendicovesicostomy when the appendix is not available or in @entity28 @entity1 . To date, the robotic approach has not been described. We have described all the steps of our surgery, performed on a 35-year-old @entity28 @entity1 with post-traumatic @entity451 and a @entity1494 . We focused on the technical tips and highlighted all the differences with the standard open technique. RESULTS: Our technique provided satisfactory results. No @entity3816 occurred. The operative time was 250 minutes, and the intraoperative @entity190 was 200 mL. The clinical course was uneventful. CONCLUSION: We have shown that robotic intracorporeal realization of a double Yang-Monti ileal conduit with @entity1494 is feasible, extending the potential indications of robot-assisted surgery. The evaluation of more cases is advised.

title: Feasibility of robotic double Yang-Monti ileal conduit with XXXX : surgical technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic bladder', 'bladder augmentation']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity3816 :: ('MESH:D007431', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative complications']

answer: @entity1494 :: (MESH:D001745,Disease) :: ['bladder augmentation']


abstract: Construction workers (CW) are at increased risk for a range of @entity102 . We screened 983 CW for @entity6 and cardiometabolic risk. The age range was 18-64 years, with mean age of 36.3 years. Self-reported questionnaires, Finnish @entity6 risk score and fasting blood tests were collected at the workplace. The unadjusted prevalence of @entity6 were 3.6% and 1.2%, respectively; 21% of CW had the @entity209 ( @entity209 ). The majority were either overweight (48.3%) or @entity28 (21.8%). In a regression model, age remained the strongest predictor of fasting @entity413 (p < 0.001). @entity6 were significantly associated with presence of the @entity209 [odds ratio (OR) 5.6; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.8-11.5, p < 0.001 and OR 5.5; 95% CI: 1.6-18.7, p = 0.006, respectively]. Subjects engaged in greater physical activity outside of work had lower body mass index (26.9 vs. 28.8 kg/m(2), p = 0.03), waist circumference (95.8 vs. 98.1 cm, p = 0.03) and fasting serum @entity1674 (1.1 vs. 1.4 mmol/L, p = 0.03) compared to those who were sedentary. Despite their youth and a physically demanding occupation, CW are at risk of @entity66 . This risk increases with age and the @entity209 . Screening tools may be useful to identify those who are at risk.

title: Prevalence and predictors of XXXX and cardiometabolic risk among construction workers in Ireland: the Construction Workers Health Trust screening study.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardiometabolic diseases']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['pre-diabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes', 'Pre-diabetes and diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome', 'MetS']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: Oxidative-stress resistance in @entity794 is linked to metal ion homeostasis via several interacting regulators. In particular, PerR controls the expression of a regulon of genes, many of which encode antioxidants. Two PerR regulon members, ahpC ( @entity2626 reductase) and katA (catalase), show compensatory regulation, with independent and linked functions. An ahpC mutation leads to increased @entity274 resistance due to greater katA expression via relief of PerR repression. Moreover, AhpC provides residual catalase activity present in a katA mutant. Mutation of both katA and ahpC leads to a severe growth defect under aerobic conditions in defined media (attributable to lack of catalase activity). This results in the inability to scavenge exogenous or endogenously produced @entity274 , resulting in accumulation of @entity274 in the medium. This leads to DNA damage, the likely cause of the growth defect. Surprisingly, the katA ahpC mutant is not attenuated in two independent models of @entity281 , which implies reduced @entity26 availability during @entity281 . In contrast, both AhpC and KatA are required for environmental persistence (desiccation) and nasal colonization. Thus, oxidative-stress resistance is an important factor in the ability of @entity794 to persist in the hospital environment and so contribute to the spread of @entity1 disease.

title: Catalase (KatA) and @entity2626 reductase (AhpC) have compensatory roles in peroxide stress resistance and are required for survival, persistence, and nasal colonization in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2626 :: ('CHEBI:61050', 'Chemical') :: ['alkylhydroperoxide']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: The aim of this study is to investigate the efficacy and long-term results of percutaneous transcatheter @entity1068 sclerotherapy (PTES) for postoperative pelvic lymphocele treatment. Fifty-two @entity1 who were referred for lymphocele treatment were included in this study. Sixty lymphoceles of 52 @entity1 were treated by percutaneous treatment with or without @entity1068 sclerotherapy. Lymphoceles developed in 47 and 5 @entity1 , who underwent gynecologic malignancy operation (31 @entity43 , 10 @entity1204 ) and renal transplantation, respectively. Lymphoceles were catheterized by ultrasonography and fluoroscopy guidance using the Seldinger technique. Lymphoceles smaller than 150 mL underwent single-session @entity1068 sclerotherapy and the others were treated by multiple-session @entity1068 sclerotherapy. In 10 @entity1 , percutaneous @entity1068 sclerotherapy could not be performed and they were treated only by percutaneous catheter drainage. The mean lymphocele volume was 329 mL (15-2900 mL). The mean catheterization duration was 11.8 days (1-60 days). The mean follow up time was 25.8 months (2-64 months). The initial treatment was successful in 46 out of 50 (91%) lymphoceles treated with PTES and 7 out of 10 (70%) lymphoceles treated with percutaneous catheter drainage. @entity532 (secondary infection and catheter dislodgement) were noted in seven (11.6%) @entity1 . Recurrence developed in four and three @entity1 who were treated by PTES and percutaneous catheter drainage, respectively. Five of these @entity1 were treated with PTES without further recurrence. Percutaneous transcatheter @entity1068 sclerotherapy is an effective and reliable method for the treatment of postoperative lymphoceles.

title: Percutaneous transcatheter XXXX sclerotherapy and catheter drainage of postoperative pelvic lymphoceles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer, 6 cervix cancer']

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Minor complications']

answer: @entity1068 :: (MESH:D000431,Chemical) :: ['ethanol']


abstract: Candida @entity375 colonize @entity1 ' oral cavities as commensals or opportunistic pathogens. They may be isolated from water circulating in dental unit waterlines mixed with saliva traces mainly because of dysfunction of anti-retraction valves. Free-living amoebae (FLA), like @entity38963 , are frequently found in aquatic environments and they have also been already isolated from dental unit waterlines. They can be implicated as reservoir for pathogens or directly in infections. This work deals with the survival of three species of Candida ( @entity5132 , @entity7408 and @entity7409 ), in co-cultivation with FLA in tap-water. One strain of each Candida species was studied. Microbiological and microscopic approaches were used; amoebae- @entity375 co-cultivation assays were performed at different temperatures of incubation. Results have shown that @entity38963 were able to internalize Candida @entity375 and promote their proliferation in tap-water with or without saliva traces (2% v/v). Amoebae interact differently with Candida depending on the temperature used and the studied species of @entity375 . In conclusion, this study emphasizes the survival of @entity375 and/or FLA in tap-water. The ability of @entity375 and amoebae to interact should be taken into account because it could lead to candidiasis infection for the frailest @entity1 after a dental treatment.

title: XXXX can promote proliferation of Candida spp. in tap-water.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7408 :: ('5478', 'Species') :: ['Candida glabrata']

entities_list: @entity7409 :: ('5480', 'Species') :: ['Candida parapsilosis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity38963 :: ('5778', 'Species') :: ['H. vermiformis', 'Hartmannella vermiformis']

answer: @entity38963 :: (5778,Species) :: ['Hartmannella vermiformis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inadequate management of @entity282 is common, and @entity282 is a risk factor for prolonged @entity158 . In addition to medical and technical factors, psychological factors may also influence the experience of @entity282 . METHODS: @entity158 was measured postoperatively at 24, 48, and 72 hr in hospital and after 3 months at home in 140 @entity1 undergoing radical prostatectomy (RP). @entity1 answered questionnaires about @entity148 and @entity308 (HAD scale) and health-related quality of life (SF-36) at baseline and 3 months after surgery. RESULTS: In the first 3 postoperative days, mild @entity158 was reported by 45 @entity1 (32%), moderate @entity158 by 64 (45%), and severe @entity158 by 31 (22%) on one or more days. High @entity282 scores were correlated with length of hospital stay and with high @entity158 scores at home. Forty @entity1 (29%) reported moderate (n = 35) or severe (n = 5) @entity158 after discharge from hospital. @entity1 who experienced @entity148 and @entity308 preoperatively had higher @entity282 scores and remained anxious and @entity308 3 months after surgery. The scores for the physical domains in the SF-36 were decreased, while the mental health scores were increased at 3 months. @entity148 and @entity308 were negatively correlated with all domains of the SF-36. CONCLUSION: There is a need for nurses to be aware of the psychological status of RP @entity1 and its impact upon @entity1 ' experience of @entity282 and recovery. The ability to identify @entity1 with @entity458 and to target interventions is an important goal for future research.

title: XXXX , @entity458 and health-related quality of life at baseline and 3 months after radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: 1. An in vivo change from @entity908 kinase MM3 into @entity202 and finally into @entity19303 was described earlier in sera of @entity1 during a post- @entity583 period. The same change takes place in vitro. 2. Parallel to this change, a turn-over from the MB2 isozyme into the @entity7571 form can be detected in vitro. 3. Immediately after the mixing of various extracts from heart tissue and other muscles with a serum with low @entity908 kinase activity, only MM3 and MB2 can be detected. @entity19303 , @entity202 and @entity7571 are not present in muscle cells. From these three observations it can be concluded that the phenomenon of the three MM and two MB isozymes is postsynthetic (i.e. epigenetic). Furthermore evidence is presented that the change from MM3 into @entity19303 is brought about by a thermolabile substance. This factor transforms one of the two M2 chains, present in the MM3 form, into a M1 chain. This results in the @entity202 isozyme. Later on the second M2 chain is also transformed, resulting in the @entity19303 isozyme. The same mechanism is proposed for the observed change in MB pattern.

title: Post-synthetic changes in XXXX kinase isozymes (EC 2.7.3.2).

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity908 :: (MESH:D003401,Chemical) :: ['creatine']


abstract: @entity63 ( @entity63 ) is a major cause of limb loss and mortality among @entity1 with advanced peripheral @entity455 . Our objective was to evaluate the gender-specific differences in @entity1 characteristics and clinical outcomes among @entity1 with @entity63 . We performed a retrospective analysis of 97 @entity1 and 122 @entity1 presenting with @entity63 who underwent angiography from 2006 to 2010. Baseline demographics, procedural details, and lesion characteristics were assessed for each @entity1 . Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to assess long-term @entity1 and lesion-level outcomes. Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to evaluate the relationship between gender and major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). Compared to @entity1 , @entity1 were less likely to have a history of @entity453 (39% vs 54%, p = 0.02) or @entity6 (57% vs 70%, p = 0.05) but had similar baseline medical therapy. At angiography, @entity1 were more likely to have significant femoropopliteal (77% vs 67%, p = 0.02) and multi-level infrainguinal disease (63% vs 51%, p = 0.02). @entity1 were also more likely to undergo multi-vessel percutaneous intervention (69% vs 55%, p = 0.05), but had similar rates of limb salvage after percutaneous intervention or surgical bypass (HR 0.94 [95% CI 0.45-1.94], p = 0.9). During follow-up, @entity1 had higher rates of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events (HR 1.63 [95% CI 1.01-2.63], p = 0.04). In conclusion, @entity1 with @entity63 are more likely to present with femoropopliteal and multi-level infrainguinal disease. Despite similar rates of limb salvage, @entity1 with @entity63 have an increased rate of subsequent major adverse cardiovascular events.

title: Gender-related variation in the clinical presentation and outcomes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['artery disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Critical limb ischemia', 'CLI']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['critical limb ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A @entity662 unit (CPU) for management of @entity1 with @entity662 at low to intermediate risk for @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ) appears safe and cost-effective. We report our experience with a CPU from March 2005 to July 2009. METHODS: Prospective audit of @entity1 presenting with @entity662 suggestive of @entity1187 but no high risk features and managed using a CPU, which included; serial cardiac troponins and electrocardiography and exercise tolerance test (ETT) if indicated. Outcomes assessed included three-month readmission rate and one year mortality. RESULTS: 2358 @entity1 were managed according to the CPU. Mean age 56 years (17-96 years), 59% @entity1 and median stay of 22h (IQR 17-26h). 1933 (82%) were diagnosed as non-cardiac @entity662 . 1741 (74%) @entity1 had an ETT. Median time from triage to ETT was 21h (IQR 16-24h). 64 (2.7%) were readmitted within three months. The majority of readmissions, 39 (61%) were for a non-cardiac cause. Twenty @entity1 (1%) were readmitted with @entity1187 . There was no @entity204 after one year of being discharged as non-cardiac @entity662 . CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms that a CPU with high usage of predischarge ETT is a safe and effective way of excluding @entity1187 in @entity1 without high risk features in a New Zealand setting.

title: XXXX Unit (CPU) in the Management of Low to Intermediate Risk Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Tertiary Hospital Experience from New Zealand.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

answer: @entity662 :: (MESH:D002637,Disease) :: ['Chest Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: During the last decade, increasing efforts have focused on HPV detection in self-obtained samples, to increase the overall proportion of @entity1 participating in cervical @entity5 screening procedures. OBJECTIVES: A clinical evaluation study of an optimized protocol for PCR detection of high-risk @entity1082 ) types in urine compared with cervical samples in consecutive @entity1 referred to the colposcopy clinic with abnormal cervical cytology. STUDY DESIGN: Paired urine and cervical specimens were collected from 100 consecutive @entity1 referred to the colposcopy clinic with abnormal cervical cytology and normal urine parameters. In-house and a commercial PCR method for the detection of HPV types 16 and 18, and a commercial multiplex PCR for HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, and 33 were performed. All HPV cervix-positive/urine-negative paired urine samples were spiked with serial dilutions of cell lines infected with @entity1799 or 18 to test the sensitivity of HPV detection in these urine samples. RESULTS: In all but two cases HPV @entity1799 was detected. In @entity5 cases, the urine/cervix HPV detection sensitivity was 88.8%; in cases with high-grade lesions it was 76.5%; and in cases with low-grade lesions it was 45.5%. In all concordant cases the same HPV type was detected in both samples. The urine/cervix HPV detection sensitivity was higher when urine samples contained two or more epithelial cells per field in urine microscopy. HPV detection in 9 cervix-positive but urine-negative urine samples spiked with serial dilutions of HPV-positive cell lines showed that in these cases urine PCR inhibitors did not affect PCR amplification. CONCLUSIONS: A higher urine/cervix HPV detection sensitivity in @entity5 and high-grade lesions suggests that urine testing could be used to detect HPV mainly when these lesions are present.

title: Evaluation of high-risk XXXX types PCR detection in paired urine and cervical samples of @entity1 with abnormal cytology.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: @entity0 is the most common @entity5 in @entity1 with @entity28502 ( @entity28502 ), an @entity4310 associated with germline mutations in the @entity876 @entity5 suppressor gene. Their lifetime @entity0 risk is 49% by age 60. @entity0 in @entity876 mutation carriers recently have more often been reported to be @entity5282 and @entity1722 positive by immunohistochemistry and FISH in small series. We seek to complement the existing small literature with this report of a histopathologic analysis of @entity0 from @entity1 with documented @entity28502 . Unstained slides and @entity982 -embedded @entity5 blocks from @entity0 from 39 germline @entity876 mutation carriers were assembled from investigators in the @entity28502 consortium. Central histology review was performed on 93% of the specimens by a single breast pathologist from a major university hospital. Histology, grade, and @entity5282 status were assessed by immunohistochemistry; @entity1722 status was defined by immunohistochemistry and/or FISH. The 43 @entity5 from 39 @entity1 comprise 32 invasive @entity513 and 11 @entity3821 ( @entity3821 ). No other histologies were observed. The median age at diagnosis was 32  years (range 22-46). Of the invasive @entity5 , 84% were positive for ER and/or PR; and 81% were high grade. Sixty three percent of invasive and 73% of in situ @entity189 were positive for @entity1722 (IHC 3+ or FISH amplified). Of the invasive @entity5 , 53% were positive for both ER and @entity1722 +; other ER/PR/ @entity1722 combinations were observed. The @entity3821 were positive for ER and @entity1722 in 27% of the cases. This report of the phenotype of @entity0 from @entity1 with @entity28502 nearly doubles the literature on this topic. Most @entity3821 and invasive @entity513 in @entity28502 are @entity5282 positive and/or @entity1722 positive. These findings suggest that modern treatments may result in improved outcomes for @entity1 with @entity28502 -associated @entity0 .

title: XXXX phenotype in @entity1 with @entity876 germline mutations: a @entity28502 consortium effort.

entities_list: @entity28502 :: ('MESH:D016864', 'Disease') :: ['LFS', 'Li-Fraumeni Syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['DCIS', 'ductal carcinomas in situ']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancers', 'breast cancer', 'breast cancers', 'Breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['inherited cancer syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5282 :: ('3164', 'Gene') :: ['hormone receptor']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['Breast cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In this article (the second of two companion studies), we report whether bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) can be used to predict muscle mass in @entity1 with @entity740 ( @entity740 ), and whether using this predicted muscle mass can improve the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR). METHODS: Seventy five non- @entity6 @entity1 with @entity740 (mean age +/- SD, 65.1 +/- 12.0 years; mean GFR 45.9 +/- 28.8 ml/min/1.73 m2) underwent body composition analysis by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry to provide a criterion marker of skeletal muscle mass (appendicular lean mass, ALM). Validity of a published BIA equation to predict ALM was evaluated and a new BIA equation was generated (ALM(BIA)) and cross-validated by the leave-one-out procedure. Renal inulin clearance provided a criterion measure of @entity5017 (G @entity5017 . The performance of the equation including ALM(BIA) to estimate G @entity5017 was compared with demographic variables as used in the m @entity8 (M @entity8 equation, by determining bias, limits of agreement and accuracy. RESULTS: The previously published BIA equation to predict ALM was not valid in these p @entity1 with C @entity740 In contrast, our new ALM(BIA) equation cross-validated successfully. Compared with the M @entity8 demographic variables, using ALM(BIA) to predict G @entity5017 improved estimation performance, showing reduced bias (4.3 vs 15.6 ml/min) and improved limits of agreement (41.1 vs 59.2 ml/min) and accuracy (69.7 vs 39.4% of p @entity1 predicted GFR did not deviate by more than 30% of G @entity5017 . CONCLUSIONS: ALM(BIA) provides a clinically obtainable and valid method to predict muscle mass in p @entity1 with C @entity740 and using ALM(BIA) improves the estimation of G @entity5017 Researchers developing future GFR estimation equations should consider including ALM(BIA).

title: Bioelectrical impedance can be used to predict muscle mass and hence improve estimation of glomerular filtration rate in non- @entity6 XXXX with @entity740 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['MDRD', 'modification of diet in renal disease']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Five @entity15 @entity1 were treated weekly with @entity2592 ( @entity2592 ) on an escalating dose schedule. The dose was initiated at 50 mg/M2 and then increased once each week by 50 mg/M2 (unless @entity137 caused delay). Dosage decisions were based on whether or not the @entity137 ( @entity137 ) or natural killer (NK) cytotoxicity levels had been reduced to a level more than 2 standard deviations below the control range. Cytosine @entity34899 treatment was discontinued in 2 of 5 subjects at doses of 500 mg/M2 due to @entity137 . The 3 remaining @entity1 demonstrated sustained reductions in the percentage of FcR+ cells in their peripheral blood. The maximum percentage reductions from the baseline values ranged from 50% to 76%. Concomitant reductions in the NK activity at the same doses ranged from 65% to 83%. @entity137 activity in all 3 @entity1 , however, was relatively resistant to suppression. The nadirs for the @entity137 activity were only 16% to 44% below the baseline minimum. AraC was shown to reduce the proportion of FcR+ cells and NK cytotoxic activity in preference to @entity137 activity.

title: @entity2592 induced changes in natural killer and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity functions in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['ADCC', 'toxicity', 'antibody-dependent cellular-cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity34899 :: ('CHEBI:22601', 'Chemical') :: ['arabinoside']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytosine arabinoside', 'araC']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: Avoidance conditioning during pregnancy, changes in caretaker behavior during lactation, and changes in offspring @entity2922 levels and behavior were investigated in C57BL/6J @entity19 . Three equal groups of @entity19 were employed. One group was avoidance conditioned prior to pregnancy and continued to avoid shock during pregnancy; a 2nd group was avoidance conditioned during pregnancy; and the 3rd group served as untreated controls. Offspring were crossfostered after birth. During lactation the proportion of time the caretaker spent on the nest was observed. At weaning pups were individually housed. Offspring @entity935 concentrations were measured in the corpus striatum at birth and at days 22 and 42 of age. Their performance was evaluated in the open field at Day 42 of age. The results showed that @entity19 receiving avoidance conditioning prior to parturition were more likely to cannibalize their offspring at parturition than were control animals. Furthermore, preparturiently avoidance conditioned @entity19 spent less time on the nest if they reared offspring from biological mothers who had been avoidance conditioned when compared to similarly treated caretakers who reared offspring from untreated control biological mothers. Regardless of postnatal experiences, adult offspring from avoidance conditioned biological mothers had significantly reduced levels of @entity935 in tissue from the corpus striatum and were significantly less active in the open field when compared with offspring from control biological mothers. Behavioral results support the findings of others that the prenatal environment plays an important role in shaping the later behavior of offspring. The decrease in @entity935 levels suggests that avoidance training as one form of psychosocial stimulation during pregnancy can be disruptive to the development of the @entity935 regulatory mechanisms.

title: The effects of preparturient avoidance conditioning on postnatal caretaker behavior and offspring XXXX levels and behavior in C57BL/6J @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

answer: @entity2922 :: (CHEBI:33567,Chemical) :: ['catecholamine']


abstract: Birds of prey from Northern China (Beijing area) were examined for @entity13727 ( @entity13727 ). A total of 47 specimens from eight different species were analyzed. Muscle and liver were analyzed separately for each bird. Kidneys were pooled by species. @entity12816 exhibited the highest @entity13728 levels (mean muscle and liver concentrations of 12300 and 12200 ng/g lipid weight, respectively), with maxima in an individual bird of 31700 in muscle and 40900 ng/g lw in liver. Congener profiles differed between some species, but were generally dominated by the more brominated congeners (e.g., @entity38486 , -209, -183, -207). @entity13729 was especially elevated compared to other published reports. Interspecies differences in congener concentrations and profiles may be due to diet, behavior, or biotransformation capacities. @entity13729 was detected in 79.4% of the samples. @entity12816 contained the highest @entity13729 levels (mean/maxima of 2150/6220 in muscle and 2870/12200 ng/g lw in liver). @entity13729 was the dominant congener in tissues from some buzzards, scops owls, and long-eared owls. It was the second most abundant congener in @entity12816 . The remarkable levels and dominance of @entity13729 may relate to significant production, usage, or disposal of deca-containing products in China. These observations reinforce the growing view that organisms using terrestrial food chains may have greater exposure to @entity13729 .

title: XXXX in birds of prey from Northern China.

entities_list: @entity13727 :: ('MESH:D055768', 'Chemical') :: ['polybrominated diphenyl ethers', 'PBDEs']

entities_list: @entity12816 :: ('100819', 'Species') :: ['Common kestrels', 'common kestrels']

answer: @entity13727 :: (MESH:D055768,Chemical) :: ['Polybrominated diphenyl ethers']


abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate age-related changes of microvascular functions using wavelet analysis of @entity450 ( @entity450 ), and to develop a new quantification method to present wavelet coefficients for studying the contribution of each blood flow control mechanism to the skin vasodilatory response. 20 older @entity1 between 65 and 85 years of age were recruited into the study. The heater temperature at the sacral skin was raised to 42 degrees C in 2 min and maintained at that temperature for the duration of the 50 minute heating period to induce a biphasic vasodilatory response: axon reflex mediated and @entity842 mediated vasodilation. Wavelet-based spectrum analysis was used to calculate sacral skin blood flow and frequency bands including @entity3156 . Biphasic Thermal Index is defined as ratios of first peak, nadir, and second peak to baseline blood flow. The results showed that older @entity1 have a biphasic blood flow response with lower vasodilatory function. Increased age is associated with an @entity101 and a decrease of skin vasodilatory function (p<0.05). Biphasic Thermal Index is (5.5, 4.5, 10.1) for the 65-75 years group and is (3.7, 3.2, 6.7) for the 75-85 years group. During local heating, the metabolic frequency appears to become the most dominant frequency in power during the second peak, and the power of neurogenic frequency does not seem to significantly increase during the axon reflex mediated vasodilation. Wavelet coefficients averaged during the one-minute period are able to characterize time-series changes of frequencies. This study has shown the feasibility of using wavelet-based spectrum analysis of skin @entity450 to assess skin microvascular function for detection of the specific conditions which constitute the highest risk factors for pressure @entity1066 among older @entity1 . Aging is associated with a decrease of skin blood flow function, which results in increased risk for @entity2806 and pressure @entity1066 .

title: Wavelet analysis of sacral skin XXXX to assess soft tissue viability in older adults.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increase in baseline blood flow']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic damage']

entities_list: @entity3156 :: ('MESH:C566917', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic (0.008-0.02 Hz), neurogenic (0.02-0.05 Hz), myogenic (0.05-0.15 Hz), respiratory (0.15-0.4 Hz), and cardiac (0.4-2.0 Hz) frequencies']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['blood flow oscillations', 'BFO']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity450 :: (MESH:D006940,Disease) :: ['blood flow oscillations']


abstract: The prevalence of sleep related complaints is reported by questionnaire studies to be as high as 83.3% in @entity1 with @entity72 ( @entity72 ). Questionnaire studies report the presence of various @entity4939 in @entity72 . However, no polysomnographic study reports non-REM @entity4939 and only a single study reports REM related @entity4939 in @entity72 . We investigated the prevalence and characteristics of @entity25 by polysomnographic study and questionnaires in a cohort of 23 @entity1 with @entity72 and 23 age-matched @entity1 of a non- @entity2438 comparison group. The results showed significantly more non-REM @entity4939 in 14 @entity1 with @entity72 on polysomnograms (PSG) and 16 @entity72 @entity1 by questionnaire, a finding that was not associated with medication use, other comorbid medical or @entity146 , or @entity25 @entity1353 . Of the 14 @entity1 with @entity72 who had PSG evidence of @entity4939 , 11 of them had a history suggestive of @entity4939 by questionnaire. There was a high sensitivity but a low specificity of @entity4939 in @entity72 by questionnaire in predicting the presence of @entity4939 in the PSG. Of the @entity4939 recorded in the laboratory, 13 @entity72 @entity1 had Disorders of Partial Arousal, consistent with @entity13390 or @entity911 arousals. Furthermore, multiple episodes of partial arousal occurred in 11 of the 13 @entity72 @entity1 who had PSG evidence of Disorders of Partial Arousal. Of the 11 @entity72 @entity1 with multiple episodes of partial arousal, 6 @entity72 @entity1 had multiple partial arousals during both nights' PSG study. Sleep architecture was abnormal in @entity1 with @entity72 , characterized by increased spontaneous arousals, prolonged REM latency and reduced REM percentage. These results suggest a high prevalence of @entity4939 in this cohort of @entity1 with @entity72 and a careful history intake of symptoms compatible with @entity4939 could be prudent to diagnose @entity4939 in @entity72 @entity1 when performing a PSG is not possible.

title: Prevalence of XXXX in @entity2438 @entity1 with @entity25 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity1353 :: ('MESH:D004417', 'Disease') :: ['breathing']

entities_list: @entity4939 :: ('MESH:D020447', 'Disease') :: ['parasomnia', 'parasomnias']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusional']

entities_list: @entity13390 :: ('MESH:D020184', 'Disease') :: ['sleep terrors']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorders', 'sleep disordered']

answer: @entity4939 :: (MESH:D020447,Disease) :: ['parasomnia']


abstract: Since @entity573 was first reported 20 years ago, many investigations about @entity299 and treatment have been carried out. However, etiology still remains unknown. Although many studies focused on @entity453 ( @entity453 ) have been reported, there have been only a few reports of pathological studies on myocardial after-effects of @entity573 using endomyocardial biopsy. In order to investigate the @entity296 , repeated coronary arteriography and endomyocardial biopsy were performed in thirteen @entity1 of @entity573 with @entity453 . Their ages ranged from 19 months to 12 years in the first study, 4 years to 15 years in the second study, and the male to female ratio was 8:5. In this study the interval between the first study and the second one was more than two years and six months. In the second study, progression of the @entity453 was noticed in 23% of the cases. It was unchanged in 54%, and regression was observed in 23%. Twenty-three percent of the @entity1 were found to have an ejection fraction of less than 55%, and abnormal regional wall motion was found in 62% of the @entity1 . Myocardial changes in the second endomyocardial biopsy were @entity82 in 62%, degeneration in 54%, disarray in 32% and inflammatory cell infiltration in 23%. One of the cases with @entity573 , who had mild @entity453 , revealed massive inflammatory cell infiltration and myocytolysis in the second study performed seven years after onset, which suggested chronic @entity2401 . Myocardial changes in the @entity1 with advanced @entity453 were relatively mild, and low EF and abnormal regional wall motion were not always related to severity of @entity453 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Histopathological analysis of XXXX following @entity573 with repeated endomyocardial biopsy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial sequelae']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity573 :: ('MESH:C537014', 'Disease') :: ['Kawasaki disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac complications']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAL', 'coronary artery lesions']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['myocarditis']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial damages']


abstract: @entity7780 is an intracellular prokaryote (endosymbiont) that lives in the body cavity of the aphid. Phylogenetic studies indicated that it is closely related to @entity526 and members of Enterobacteria. The gene order of the region containing the dnaA gene is well conserved in many bacteria. Seven genes of the endosymbiont of the aphid @entity7779 , gyrB, dnaN, dnaA, rpmH, rnpA, yidD, and 60K. were found to be homologous in sequence and relative location to those of @entity526 . We have further sequenced the region downstream of the 60K gene to elucidate the boundary of the conserved region, and found that one more gene, thdF, is conserved. The comparison of gene organizations of the dnaA region of the related bacteria supported the close phylogenetic relationship of @entity7780 to @entity526 . In addition, we have identified @entity26541 and @entity26540 genes next to the thdF gene. @entity26540 protein was reported to be expressed at an elevated level in the endosymbionts of aphids, and is considered to play an important role in their association with the aphid host. Comparison of the structure of the groE operon with that of the endosymbiont of the aphid @entity6294 revealed the conservation of a sequence resembling the @entity526 consensus @entity1457 promoter, and this sequence may be responsible for the high expression of the @entity26540 gene in aphid endosymbionts.

title: Structure of the dnaA region of the endosymbiont, @entity7780 , of aphid XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6294 :: ('7029', 'Species') :: ['Acyrthosiphon pisum']

entities_list: @entity7779 :: ('13262', 'Species') :: ['Schizaphis graminum']

entities_list: @entity7780 :: ('9', 'Species') :: ['B. aphidicola', 'Buchnera aphidicola']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity7779 :: (13262,Species) :: ['Schizaphis graminum']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study examined the influence of race and language on leaving the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) without complete evaluation and treatment (LWCET). METHODS: This retrospective, case-cohort study examined LWCET among @entity1 discharged home from 2 EDs between March 2, 2009, and March 31, 2010. Race and language were obtained by family self-report. We also explored wait time to see a physician as an explanation of racial disparities. RESULTS: One thousand two hundred eighty-five (1.7%) of 76,931 @entity341 encounters ended in LWCET. Factors increasing LWCET were high @entity341 activity, low acuity, and medical assistance (MA) insurance. American Indian, biracial, African American, and Hispanic races were also associated with higher odds of LWCET among visits by MA insurance @entity1 compared with those of white @entity1 on private insurance. Restricting the analysis to visits by MA insurance @entity1 , only American Indian race was associated with LWCET compared with white race. Visits by @entity1 using an interpreter or speaking a language other than English at home had lower odds of ending in LWCET. Sensitivity analyses in subgroups confirmed these findings. We developed a measure of @entity341 activity that correlated well with wait time to see a physician (correlation coefficient = 0.993; P < 0.001). Among non-LWCET visits, wait time to see a practitioner did not correlate with racial disparities in LWCET. CONCLUSIONS: Race, language, and insurance status interact to form a complex relationship with LWCET. Medical assistance insurance status appears to account for much of the excessive instances of LWCET seen in nonwhites. After restricting the analysis to MA insurance @entity1 , only visits by American Indian @entity1 had higher odds of LWCET compared with whites on MA insurance. Wait time to see a physician did not explain racial differences in LWCET.

title: The complex association of race and leaving the pediatric XXXX without being seen by a physician.

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: In this study hind-limb perfusion was used to investigate the influence of thyroid hormones on some metabolic parameters in the skeletal muscle of the @entity35 . Daily injection of 20 microng @entity1955 (T4) per 100 g b. w. for a week caused a 25% increase in @entity26 consumption. Further enlargement of the T4 dose had little additive effect. In the dose range 20--80 microng T4/100g b.w., no important changes occurred in @entity880 production or @entity413 consumption. Only at the highest T4 dose did the @entity413 consumption increase significantly. The most profound effect of T4 was on lipolysis. A daily dose of 20 microng T4/100 g b. w. gave a doubling of @entity653 production rate, the maximum occuring at a dose of 40 microng T4/100 g b. w. Inactivation of the nervous system was without influence on the T4-induced increase in @entity26 consumption. However, the T4-induced elevation of lipolysis disappeared after abolition of the nervous activity. This raises the possibility that the T4 effect on lipolysis in skeletal muscle is a potentiation of @entity2922 effects. The T4-induced @entity26 consumption increase might be dependent not on the lipolytic process but rather on other energy-consuming cell processes.

title: Influence of experimental hyperthyroidism on skeletal muscle metabolism in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['L-thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: 1. There is suggestive evidence that @entity3542 may be a causative factor in @entity13 . 2. To test this hypothesis we selected the VM @entity19 , known for its susceptibility to spontaneous @entity11 formation, and exposed 300 animals to 0.2% @entity11495 in their drinking water. One hundred of this group were exposed both in utero and throughout their adult lives. The remaining 200 animals received @entity3542 from the time of weaning. A further 200 @entity19 were used as controls and received distilled water. 3. All animals were maintained until their natural death and were then subjected to autopsy and routine histological examination. 4. There was no excess of @entity5 in the experimental groups.

title: Chronic low-dose exposure of XXXX in VM-strain @entity19 : central nervous system changes.

entities_list: @entity13 :: ('MESH:C564230', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral glioma']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'mouse strain']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['nervous system tumours']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity11495 :: ('MESH:D012977', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitrite']

answer: @entity11495 :: (MESH:D012977,Chemical) :: ['sodium nitrite']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody that prevents angiogenesis by inhibiting @entity7 ( @entity7 ) activity. Clinically, it has been used to treat a diverse range of @entity5 types. In this pilot phase II study, we investigated the efficacy and safety profiles of bevacizumab in combination with @entity1205 plus @entity900 for @entity1 with advanced @entity1722 -negative metastatic @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 2005 and 2008, 20 @entity1 with @entity0 were recruited from the Taipei Medical University Hospital. Bevacizumab was administered every two weeks in a 12-cycle treatment with @entity1205 plus @entity900 . The primary end-point for this study was the overall response rate. The secondary end-points were progression-free survival and the safety profiles of the combined therapy. RESULTS: The average number of treatment cycles was 10.5 with a response rate of 80%. @entity1398 and @entity16 were the most commonly observed adverse events. Seven @entity1 achieved complete remission and nine @entity1 achieved partial remission. For the overall @entity1 group in this study, the median time-to-progression and overall survival were 28.0 weeks and 52 weeks, respectively. The median time-to-progression and overall survival for the 10 @entity1 that completed all 12 cycles of treatment were 64.0 weeks and 80 weeks, respectively. In one @entity1 , a very rapid reduction in the level of @entity0 was observed one week post-treatment. CONCLUSION: Based on this pilot study, bevacizumab in combination with @entity1205 and @entity900 is likely to be an effective treatment option for metastatic @entity0 that warrants further study.

title: Bevacizumab plus XXXX and @entity900 for metastatic @entity0 : a pilot phase II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer lung metastases', 'breast cancer', 'advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity1205 :: (MESH:C067311,Chemical) :: ['docetaxel']


abstract: A double-blind multicentre study was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of @entity12803 and @entity7988 in the treatment of @entity571 ( @entity571 ). The study comprised 307 @entity1 and the treatment period was 12 weeks. One-hundred and fifty-five @entity1 received 20 mg @entity12803 once-daily and 152 @entity1 received 100 mg @entity7988 b.i.d. Seventy-seven @entity1 were prematurely withdrawn; 32 @entity1 in the @entity12803 group and 45 in the @entity7988 group (p less than 0.05). There were only small insignificant differences in the efficacy parameters with the exception that significantly more @entity1 in the @entity12803 group took @entity1443 tablets during treatment. Adverse events developed in 29.0% of the @entity1 on @entity12803 and in 47.3% of the @entity1 on @entity7988 , this difference was statistically significant (p less than 0.05). The adverse events were predominantly from the gastrointestinal tract and the central nervous system. No serious side-effects occurred and the laboratory parameters showed no clinically relevant changes. The investigator's overall impression of treatment showed no significant difference between groups. Excellent or good results were judged in 55.2% of the @entity1 on @entity12803 and in 62.1% on @entity7988 (p greater than 0.05). @entity12803 appears to have a reasonable balance between efficacy and side-effects in the treatment of @entity571 .

title: A randomised double-blind multicentre trial comparing @entity12803 and XXXX in @entity571 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7988 :: ('MESH:D007660', 'Chemical') :: ['ketoprofen']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity12803 :: ('MESH:C032801', 'Chemical') :: ['tenoxicam', 'Tenoxicam']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

answer: @entity7988 :: (MESH:D007660,Chemical) :: ['ketoprofen']


abstract: We examined the @entity114 and @entity7646 resistance of 496 strains of @entity328 ( @entity2260 ) isolated at Showa University Hospital from November 2004 to May 2005. According to the classification established by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, the ratio of @entity114 susceptible @entity2260 (PSSP) was 25.8%, @entity114 intermediate @entity2260 was 35.9% and @entity114 resistant @entity2260 (PRSP) was 38.3%. The ratios of @entity7646 resistant @entity2260 were 85.3% for @entity2929 and 76.2% for @entity4581 . @entity2260 strains were isolated mainly from pediatric @entity1 , and the ratios of PRSP were similar between outpatients (39.8%) and inpatients (45.6%). We screened for mutations in pbp1a, pbp2b and pbp2x, and the retention rate of the @entity7646 resistance genes, ermB and mefA in 90 strains isolated in the same period. Seventy two strains had at least one mutation in the pbp genes. Interestingly, some of the @entity114 susceptible strains had one or two pbp mutations, suggesting a progressive genetic acquirement of @entity114 resistance. In screening for retention of the @entity7646 resistance genes, we found that 42 strains(46.7%) had ermB, 19 strains (21.1%) had mefA and 13 strains (14.4%) had both ermB and mefA. The possession of resistance genes and the minimal inhibitory concentration indicate that the resistance to @entity2929 and @entity4581 were induced by ermB or mefA, and the resistance to @entity3402 was induced only by ermB. Among the 72 strains with pbps mutations, 65 strains (90.3%) had ermB or mefA or both. Together, these results show that the strains with pbp mutations were being selected and, after acquiring the @entity7646 resistance gene, transform to multidrug resistant @entity2260 .

title: [Analysis of the @entity7646 resistance gene in @entity114 -resistant XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity7646 :: ('CHEBI:25106', 'Chemical') :: ['macrolide']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity4581 :: ('MESH:D017291', 'Chemical') :: ['clarithromycin']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']


abstract: AIMS: To investigate the effects of cold-induced stress on bladder tissue histomorphology and contractility in a @entity35 model. METHODS: Eighteen male @entity35 were divided into three groups: Control group (Group 1), acute cold-stress group (Group 2, kept at +4 degrees C for 8 hr), and chronic cold-stress group (Group 3, kept at +4 degrees C for 4 hr/day for 21 days). At the end of protocols, histological examination of general bladder tissue morphology and determination of mast cells was performed. Organ bath studies were conducted at basal tone where contractile responses to 120 mM @entity972 , electrical field stimulation (EFS), and @entity5402 (10(-9)-10(-4) M) were assessed. Relaxation responses to EFS, @entity3044 (10(-9)-10(-4) M), @entity3302 plus @entity1854 (10(-4) M each) were recorded in @entity5402 pre-contracted strips. All data were compared by one-way ANOVA test. RESULTS: Group 1 revealed regular bladder mucosa with intact urothelium. Groups 2 and 3 showed degeneration of urothelium with accumulation of neutrophils and significantly increased number of mast cells in both mucosa and muscularis. Mast cell counts were significantly higher in Group 3 compared to Group 2. Contractile responses to 120 mM @entity972 and EFS were significantly greater in the control group compared to other groups. @entity5402 caused dose-dependent contractions that were significantly higher in the control group (at 10(-5), 3 x 10(-5), and 10(-4) M doses). There was no statistical difference between the groups in terms of relaxation responses. CONCLUSIONS: In vivo cold exposure induces significant @entity1494 and decreased tissue contractility. Mechanistic pathways involved in the response of the urinary bladder to cold-induced stress need further investigation.

title: Effect of cold-induced stress on XXXX bladder tissue contractility and histomorphology.

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder injury']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity3302 :: ('MESH:D010208', 'Chemical') :: ['papaverine']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol', 'Carbachol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: This study evaluated flexion angles and mechanical loads at the knee during weight-bearing deep flexion in @entity1 with @entity626 ( @entity571 ). Thirty-eight knees of 26 @entity1 (mean age, 73 years; range, 58-81 years) with medial knee @entity571 and 16 knees of 8 healthy volunteers (mean age, 63.4 years; range, 60-65 years) were enrolled. @entity1 were subdivided into two groups based on Kellgren and Lawrence @entity571 grade: moderate @entity571 (grade 2, 17 knees) or severe @entity571 (grade 3 or 4, 21 knees). Motion analysis was performed while rising from maximal knee flexion with one leg for each subject. Maximum knee flexion angles and net @entity121 moments in the weight-bearing motion were compared among the two @entity571 groups and healthy subjects. Mean maximum flexion angle in @entity1 was 91+/-9 degrees. Angles were about 30% smaller than passive range of motion (ROM). Mean angles in healthy subjects, moderate @entity571 and severe @entity571 were 102.7+/-5.0 degrees, 95.6+/-7.7 degrees and 86.5+/-7.2 degrees, respectively, and net @entity121 moments during motion were 5.5+/-1.2%BW*Ht, 4.5+/-1.7%BW*Ht and 3.9+/-1.3%BW*Ht, respectively. Angles and moments were significantly lower in @entity571 @entity1 than in healthy subjects. Maximum flexion angles during weight-bearing rising correlated significantly with @entity8221 score (r=0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.78) and were significantly lower in severe @entity571 @entity1 compared to moderate @entity571 . This measurement may offer an important clinical index for knee @entity571 .

title: Weight-bearing flexion angle correlates significantly with severity of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['quadriceps']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: Thirty-two @entity1534 strains were screened for haemagglutination (HA) activity with erythrocytes of 11 different animal species. Twenty-three strains (72%) that agglutinated @entity1 erythrocytes exhibited a broad-spectrum HA profile. @entity1 , @entity840 and @entity291 erythrocytes high in sialoglycoconjugates were strongly agglutinated by most strains. Except for two, seven strains (22%) that did not agglutinate @entity1 erythrocytes exhibited a narrow-spectrum HA profile, commonly not inhibitable by sialoglycoconjugates or @entity16717 (NANLac). Strains were classified into three major HA classes. HA of 10 strains (31%) in class I was inhibited by different combinations of NANLac, orosomucoid or fetuin, but not by asialofetuin, suggesting the presence of @entity3167 -specific HAs probably recognizing @entity36593 isomer. Twelve strains (38%) in class II exhibited a different receptor specificity binding to different combinations of NANLac, orosomucoid and fetuin, as well as asialofetuin. No inhibition was observed with 10 strains (31%) in class III; thus, this receptor seems different from both the other classes. Of 21 strains (66%) in classes I and II, HA of 11 strains (34%) was inhibited with NANLac, 14 strains (44%) with orosomucoid and 15 strains (47%) with fetuin. The great heterogeneity observed in HA patterns indicates that the HAs of different strains may recognize a heterogeneous class of sialoglycoconjugates on the erythrocyte membrane.

title: Haemagglutination patterns of XXXX . Frequency of @entity3167 -specific and non- @entity3167 -specific haemagglutinins.

entities_list: @entity3167 :: ('MESH:D019158', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acid']

entities_list: @entity16717 :: ('MESH:C000020', 'Chemical') :: ['N-acetylneuraminlactose']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: Plasma-membrane-localized @entity7011 ion channel subunits interacting with ER-localized @entity7010 molecules comprise the major subunit composition responsible for @entity460 release-activated @entity460 channels. @entity7010 "translates" the @entity141 store content into @entity7011 activity, making it a store-operated channel. Surprisingly, in addition to being the physical activator, @entity7010 also modulates @entity7011 properties, including its inactivation and permeation (see Chapter 1). @entity7010 is thus more than a pure @entity7011 activator. Within the past 7 years following the discovery of STIM and Orai proteins, the molecular mechanisms of @entity7010 / @entity7011 activity and their functional importance have been studied in great detail. Much less is currently known about the other isoforms @entity19148 , @entity42801 , and @entity40031 . In this chapter, we summarize the current knowledge about @entity19148 , @entity42801 , and @entity40031 properties and function. Are these homologues mainly modulators of predominantly @entity7010 / @entity7011 -mediated complexes or do store-dependent or -independent functions such as regulation of basal @entity141 concentration and activation of @entity40031 -containing complexes by @entity1426 or by @entity172 receptors point toward their "true" physiological function? Is @entity42801 the @entity7011 of neurons? A major focus of the review is on the functional relevance of @entity19148 , @entity42801 , and @entity40031 , some of which still remains speculative.

title: The neglected CRAC proteins: @entity42801 , @entity40031 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity19148 :: (57620,Gene) :: ['STIM2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity627 are prevalent conditions around the world, but precise information is not easily obtainable in developing countries. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of @entity85 in the community in Cuba using the ILAR/COPCORD core questionnaire and published methodologies. METHODS: The ILAR/COPCORD core questionnaire was administered in the form of a home survey to 300 adult subjects. Cases, defined as those with present @entity158 and no @entity130 , underwent a physical examination and selected laboratory or X ray evaluations. RESULTS: The questionnaire was filled out in a mean time of 8 minutes. Ninety-one subjects had present @entity4512 not related to @entity130 and 83 had had @entity158 in the past. The most frequently affected regions were the lower back (14%); cervical spine (14%); knee (11.5%) and shoulders (10%). @entity571 was the most common diagnosis (19.6%). A total of 166 subjects sought professional help; 56 were treated by a rheumatologist. Most subjects were satisfied with the results of their medical treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Musculoskeletal symptoms were prevalent in this community. A larger study will be necessary to obtain a better estimate of diagnoses with a low prevalence.

title: Prevalence of XXXX and disability in Cuba. A community-based study using the COPCORD core questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal complaints']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['musculoskeletal complaints']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We wished to determine the effects of @entity2390 , a @entity1943 analogue, on @entity1085 function during treatment of @entity2012 . DESIGN: We used a prospective, open label trial of @entity1943 analogue. @entity1 : Seventeen @entity1 with @entity2012 took part. MEASUREMENTS: Ultrasonographic evaluation of @entity1085 contents were performed pretreatment, after 1 month, and subsequently at intervals of 3-6 months. RESULTS: Non-shadowing floating echogenic particles were observed in the @entity1085 in 12 of 17 @entity1 after (mean +/- SEM) 2.5 +/- 0.6 months of treatment. During long-term treatment (mean 20.8 +/- 4.3, median 13, range 1-59 months), ultrasound evidence for @entity2963 was observed in four @entity1 after 20 +/- 4 months (range 4.2-43) months of octreotide therapy. No symptoms of @entity253 have been observed. Duration of @entity2012 , average GH, average @entity442 , gender, age at entry, dose of analogue, and concurrent use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs did not affect the occurrence of sludge or @entity5990 . CONCLUSIONS: Formation of non-shadowing, floating echogenic particles occurs commonly during the first 6 months of treatment with @entity2390 . @entity2963 is a risk of long-term treatment.

title: A prospective examination of @entity2390 -induced XXXX changes in @entity2012 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['gall-bladder']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['Cholelithiasis', 'cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide acetate']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract disease']

answer: @entity1085 :: (MESH:D005705,Disease) :: ['gall-bladder']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to describe household and community ambulatory activity profiles and their relationship to @entity65 in a sample of @entity1 and @entity1 with chronic @entity64 . METHOD: We quantified community-based ambulatory activity profiles in terms of step counts and intensity, along with @entity65 and @entity1295 severity, in a convenience sample of 79 @entity1 and @entity1 with chronic @entity64 . RESULTS: As captured by daily step activity monitoring, @entity1 demonstrated extremely low step counts (1389 +/- 797 steps/day), and almost no step activity at high intensity (78 +/- 168 steps/day at a rate of >or=30 steps/ minute). Mean high intensity activity constituted less than 3 minutes/day. The mean VO2 peak was 13.02 +/- 4.26 mL/kg/min, consistent with profound aerobic deconditioning. Total, low, and high intensity ambulatory activity were associated with VO2 peak. Mean @entity1295 severity was 3.28 +/- 1.36 on a scale of 7.00, with 42% of the sample reporting severe @entity1295 . There were no statistically significant correlations between @entity1295 severity and ambulatory activity or @entity410 measures. CONCLUSION: Our results show that step activity intensity is strongly associated with @entity65 , lending credence to the hypothesis that rehabilitation interventions that build aerobic conditioning can influence daily activity. The challenge is to appreciate the features of ambulatory behavior after @entity64 and to use this information to integrate both exercise interventions and behavioral components into the successful translation of structured activities into home and community routines.

title: Ambulatory activity intensity profiles, @entity410 , and XXXX in @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'hemiparetic stroke']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular fitness', 'fatigue and cardiovascular fitness']

answer: @entity1295 :: (MESH:D005221,Disease) :: ['fatigue']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: @entity1224 ( @entity1224 ) is a rare and devastating condition that is uniformly fatal without fetal intervention. We sought to describe fetal treatment and long-term outcomes of @entity1224 at a single referral center. METHODS: The medical records of @entity1 with fetal @entity1224 evaluated at our center between 1993 and 2011 were reviewed. Maternal history, radiographic findings, antenatal management, and postnatal outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Twelve fetuses with @entity1224 were identified. Eleven had concomitant @entity4 at diagnosis. Six were electively terminated, and 2 had intra- or peripartum demise. Four @entity1 underwent fetal intervention. Two underwent delivery via ex utero intrapartum treatment (EXIT) procedure with tracheostomy placement only, and 2 underwent fetal bronchoscopy with attempted wire tracheoplasty followed by EXIT with tracheostomy at delivery. All 4 @entity1 who underwent EXIT were alive at last follow-up. One @entity1 was ventilator and tracheostomy free and feeding by mouth. CONCLUSION: Long-term and tracheostomy-free survival is possible with appropriate fetal intervention even in the presence of @entity4 . Fetal intervention earlier in pregnancy may improve long-term outcomes, but @entity1 selection for intervention remains challenging. Magnetic resonance imaging may help select those @entity1 for whom fetal intervention before EXIT delivery may be beneficial.

title: Long-term outcomes after fetal therapy for congenital high XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['CHAOS', 'Congenital high airway obstructive syndrome']

answer: @entity1224 :: (MESH:D000402,Disease) :: ['airway obstructive syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Malignant transformations of @entity1870 in premenopausal @entity1 with normal endometrium are extremely rare. We report a case of @entity420 arising from an adenomyotic focus in the uterus, which was found unexpectedly in a @entity1 undergoing myomectomy for @entity1870 . CASE REPORT: A 47-year-old premenopausal @entity1 presented with massive @entity3556 and @entity417 . She was admitted and underwent myomectomy under the initial diagnosis of @entity2909 . Microscopic studies revealed @entity4348 , which was a malignant transformation of a focus of @entity1870 in the surgical specimen. A total hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy with pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy was then performed. Pathologic studies showed no @entity41 in the entire resected specimen except for the previous lesion. The endometrium had normal thickness with mild proliferative activity throughout the cavity. There was no @entity3202 or @entity5072 change in the whole endometrium. The @entity420 was present exclusively in the myometrium, and a transition between the @entity189 and the adenomyotic glands was observed. CONCLUSION: This case report presents evidence that @entity420 may a rise de novo from an @entity75 in the uterus.

title: Very early stage @entity420 arising from XXXX in the uterus.

entities_list: @entity3556 :: ('MESH:D014592', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['adenomyotic lesion']

entities_list: @entity1870 :: ('MESH:D062788', 'Disease') :: ['adenomyosis']

entities_list: @entity5072 :: ('MESH:D000796', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplastic']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['uterine leiomyoma']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1870 :: (MESH:D062788,Disease) :: ['adenomyosis']


abstract: @entity5601 ( @entity5601 )-y is expressed in alveolar macrophages. The anti-inflammatory potential of the @entity5601 -y ligands @entity6170 and @entity12098 were investigated using in vitro alveolar macrophage models and in vivo animal models relevant to @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). @entity5601 -y protein and gene expression in @entity1030 was compared with control smokers and never-smokers. @entity1030 macrophages were used to investigate the effects of @entity5601 -y ligands and @entity288 on lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine production, alternative macrophage activation (M2) gene expression and efferocytosis. The effects of @entity5601 -y ligands in a subchronic @entity286 smoke model in @entity19 were investigated. @entity5601 -y protein expression was similar in @entity1030 @entity1 compared to controls, although increased gene expression levels were observed in @entity1030 @entity1 and control smokers compared to never-smokers. @entity5601 -y ligands reduced @entity5 @entity39 factor-a and CC chemokine ligand-5, but not CXC chemokine ligand-8, in @entity1030 ; these effects were generally less than those of the @entity228 @entity619 . @entity6170 increased M2 gene expression and enhanced efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils. @entity6170 and @entity12098 attenuated airway neutrophilia in a @entity228 -resistant @entity19 model of @entity55 . We show biological actions of @entity5601 -y agonists on @entity228 -resistant disease, @entity286 smoke-induced @entity55 , skewing of macrophage phenotype and clearance of apoptotic neutrophils.

title: The effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-y ligands on in vitro and in vivo models of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity12098 :: ('MESH:C060836', 'Chemical') :: ['pioglitazone']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary inflammation']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD alveolar macrophages', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity5601 :: ('5465', 'Gene') :: ['PPAR', 'Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor']

entities_list: @entity6170 :: ('MESH:C089730', 'Chemical') :: ['Rosiglitazone', 'rosiglitazone']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['COPD']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate factors associated with disease recurrence and survival in @entity1 undergoing nephroureterectomy for @entity3484 ( @entity3484 ) in one centre over an 18-year period. @entity1 AND METHODS: The records of @entity1 who had a nephroureterectomy for @entity3484 at our institution from 1986 to 2004 were reviewed for clinical, pathological and treatment period data. Cox's proportional hazards regression model was used to test the statistical significance of several potential prognostic factors for recurrence and survival. RESULTS The median overall duration of follow-up was 2.5 years for 184 @entity1 . Significant prognosticators for @entity66 ( @entity66 ) by univariate analysis were @entity5 stage (P < 0.01), @entity5 grade (P < 0.01), node-positive disease (P < 0.01), multifocality (P = 0.03), previous cystectomy (P < 0.01) and synchronous bilateral @entity3484 (P = 0.02). On multivariate analysis, only @entity5 stage (P = 0.03) and grade (P = 0.01) correlated with @entity66 . The median recurrence-free survival duration was 2.4 years. In 44 @entity1 , the disease recurred outside the bladder; 15 (8.2%) had local recurrence, 20 (10.9%) distant @entity3 , and nine (4.9%) both local and distant recurrence. Bladder @entity5 occurred in 40 (26.1%) @entity1 with no previous cystectomy. The evaluation of treatment outcome during three periods of the study showed no significant effect on @entity66 . CONCLUSION: @entity5 stage and grade correlated with @entity66 in this cohort, with no improvement in outcome over the 18-year period assessed. @entity1 with high-stage and high-grade disease continue to fare poorly, suggesting a need for changing the treatment protocol. Judiciously applying a multimodal approach to the management of high-risk @entity1 by incorporating neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgical resection might provide, for the first time, the opportunity to improve @entity1 outcome.

title: Nephroureterectomy for treating XXXX : Time to change the treatment paradigm?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity3484 :: ('MESH:D014571', 'Disease') :: ['upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma', 'UUT-TCC']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DSS', 'disease-specific survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity3484 :: (MESH:D014571,Disease) :: ['upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma']


abstract: It has been proposed that the @entity55 and subsequent lung @entity82 induced by @entity1732 occurs when @entity1732 is complexed with ferrous @entity68 and @entity26 . In order to see whether chelation of free @entity68 reduced tissue damage induced by intratracheal @entity1732 , @entity5532 ( @entity10775 ) was administered by continuous subcutaneous infusion to overcome its rapid renal excretion. Thirty-three @entity35 received @entity10775 and 30 @entity35 received an equivalent volume of saline by 7-day infusion pumps. Three days after commencement of infusion, half of each group received intratracheal @entity1732 , the remainder received intratracheal saline. Three weeks after intratracheal injection, the @entity35 were killed and their lungs were removed for histologic and morphometric assessment and collagen estimation. When compared with animals given intratracheal saline, both @entity1732 -treated groups had significant evidence of @entity358 , but @entity10775 was not protective. Similarly, @entity10775 infusion did not reduce the elevation in collagen concentration ( @entity1732 /saline, 49 +/- 3.6; @entity1732 / @entity10775 , 49.8 +/- 4.1; saline/saline, 39.6 +/- 3.9; saline/ @entity10775 , 43.4 +/- 3.8 mg.g-1 wet lung weight) or total lung collagen ( @entity1732 /saline, 29.9 +/- 6.3; @entity1732 / @entity10775 , 33.7 +/- 1.8; saline/saline, 15.5 +/- 2.2; saline/ @entity10775 , 17.8 +/- 1.9 mg.left lung-1) induced by @entity1732 . This lack of effect was not due to @entity68 contamination of the @entity10775 in the pump or to loss of chelation capacity of @entity10775 , at least for as long as 6 days after pump implantation. No @entity10775 was detected in homogenized lung tissue (limits of detection of assay was 8 x 10(-5) M).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity5532 infusion does not inhibit XXXX -induced @entity358 in the @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5532 :: ('MESH:D003676', 'Chemical') :: ['deferoxamine']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonitis']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

answer: @entity1732 :: (MESH:D001761,Chemical) :: ['bleomycin']


abstract: The effects of the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor @entity3593 on slow and fast twitch muscle contractile properties, nerve conduction and @entity519 resistance, and muscle and nerve capillary density were examined in @entity3839 - @entity6 @entity35 . Prolongation of soleus contraction and relaxation were partially prevented by treatment (p less than 0.01). A 22% deficit in fast twitch extensor digitorum longus tetanic tension production was also ameliorated (p less than 0.01). Sciatic motor and sensory conduction velocity, 25% and 12% reduced by @entity6 respectively, were 75% normalized by @entity3593 (p less than 0.01). There was a 47% increase in resistance to @entity519 conduction block with @entity6 (p less than 0.01). @entity3593 treatment resulted in normal @entity519 resistance. Capillarization of nerve and muscle was little affected by @entity6 ; however, there was a 17% increase in capillary density in sciatic nerve, and a 40% increase in extensor digitorum longus muscle with @entity3593 (p less than 0.01). For soleus, a smaller treatment-induced increase in capillary density led to an elevated capillary/muscle fibre ratio (p less than 0.01). These results suggest that @entity3593 promoted angiogenesis. It was concluded that the beneficial effect of preventive @entity3593 treatment is likely to depend upon a reduction of peripheral vascular resistance and improvement of tissue blood flow, which implicates relative @entity519 as an important factor in the development of @entity121 and @entity16 in experimental @entity6 .

title: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibition prevents development of @entity121 and stimulates angiogenesis in @entity3839 - @entity6 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity3593 :: ('MESH:D017706', 'Chemical') :: ['Lisinopril', 'lisinopril']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: 1. In order to define factors which influence plasma @entity2922 levels, and which might be controlled in the interests of reproducability and comparability, plasma @entity1063 plus @entity1425 (NA + A) was measured repeatedly in normal subjects by a double isotope technique. 2. Age and posture were important determinants for plasma NA + A levels, whereas time of day was less important. 3. Levels were higher in old @entity1 aged 70--92 years than in young @entity1 aged 19--28 years, measured after 30 min or 9 h (overnight) recumbency, or after 5 min standing. 4. Duration of recumbency and of upright posture were both important. Recumbent levels were lower after 9 h (overnight) than after 30 min (mid-morning). Upright posture caused an increase in levels within 2 min. Levels peaked between 5 and 20 min, were lower after 12 h than after 20 min, but upright levels were always higher than levels after 9 h recumbency. 5. During continuous recumbency, levels were lowest at 24.00 h, and increased thereafter. During a second hospitalisation, levels at 09.00 h were again higher than levels at 06.00 h after overnight recumbency. 6. Variability of levels obtained by repeated sampling was lower while sitting, during a normal upright day, than after 30 min recumbency. Upright legels may be a better index of cardiovascular sympathetic activity.

title: Variability of plasma XXXX levels: age, duration of posture and time of day.

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['adrenaline']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

answer: @entity2922 :: (CHEBI:33567,Chemical) :: ['catecholamine']


abstract: AIM: To assess the rate and risk factors for @entity5 seeding in a large cohort of @entity1 . METHODS: Over an 8-year period, 1436 @entity157 ( @entity157 ) @entity1 with 2423 @entity5 nodules underwent 3015 image-guided percutaneous cryoablation sessions [1215 guided by ultrasonography and 221 by spiral computed tomography (CT)]. Follow-up CT or magnetic resonance imaging was performed every 3 mo. The detailed clinical data were recorded to analyse the risk factors for seeding. RESULTS: The median follow-up time was 18 (range 1-90) mo. Seeding was detected in 11 @entity1 (0.76%) at 1-24 (median 6.0) mo after cryoablation. Seeding occurred along the needle tract in 10 @entity1 and at a distant location in 1 @entity1 . @entity5 usually showed similar imaging and histopathological features to the primary HCCs. Univariate analyses identified subcapsular @entity5 location and direct subcapsular needle insertion as risk factors for seeding. Multivariate analysis showed that only direct subcapsular needle insertion was an independent risk factor for seeding (P = 0.017; odds ratio 2.57; 95%CI: 1.47-3.65). Seeding after cryoablation occurred earlier in @entity1 with poorly differentiated @entity157 than those with well or moderately differentiated @entity157 [1.33    0.577 mo vs 11.12    6.896 mo; P = 0.042; 95%CI: (-19.115)-(-0.468)]. CONCLUSION: The risk of seeding after cryoablation for @entity157 is small. Direct puncture of subcapsular @entity5 should be avoided to minimise seeding.

title: @entity5 seeding after percutaneous cryoablation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Seeded tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 with a central @entity1019 often adopt an eccentric retinal location (Preferred Retinal Locus, PRL) for fixation. Here, we proposed a novel training paradigm as a model system to study the nature of the PRL formation and its impacts on visual function. The training paradigm was designed to effectively induce a PRL at any intended retinal location by integrating oculomotor control and pattern recognition. Using a gaze-contingent display, a simulated central @entity1019 was induced in eight normally sighted subjects. A subject's entire peripheral visual field was blurred, except for a small circular aperture with location randomly assigned to each subject (to the left, right, above, or below the @entity1019 ). Under this viewing condition, subjects performed a demanding oculomotor and visual recognition task. Various visual functions were tested before and after training at both PRL and nonPRL locations. After 6-10 hr of the training, all subjects formed their PRL within the clear window. Both oculomotor control and visual recognition performance significantly improved. Moreover, there was considerable improvement at PRL location in high-level function, such as trigram letter-recognition, reading, and spatial attention, but not in low-level function, such as acuity and contrast sensitivity. Our results demonstrated that within a relatively short time, a PRL could be induced at any intended retinal location in normally-sighted subjects with a simulated @entity1019 . Our training paradigm might not only hold promise as a model system to study the dynamic nature of the PRL formation, but also serve as a rehabilitation regimen for individuals with central @entity1018 .

title: Integrating oculomotor and perceptual training to induce a pseudofovea: A model system for studying central XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['vision loss']

answer: @entity1018 :: (MESH:D054062,Disease) :: ['vision loss']


abstract: Using first-principles molecular dynamics (AIMD) and constrained density functional theory (CDFT) we identify the pathway of primary electron transfer in the @entity11704 reaction center from the special pair excited state (P*) to the accessory bacteriochlorophyll (BA). Previous AIMD simulations on the special pair (PLPM) predicted a charge-transfer intermediate formation through the excited-state relaxation along a reaction coordinate characterized by the rotation of an axial @entity3793 (HisM202). To account for the full electron transfer we extend the model to include the primary acceptor BA. In this extended model, the LUMO is primarily localized on the acceptor BA and extends over an interstitial water (water A) that is known to influence the rate of electron transfer (Potter et al. Biochemistry 2005 280, 27155-27164). A vibrational analysis of the dynamical trajectories gives a frequency of 30-35 cm(-1) for a molecular motion involving the @entity3884 -bond network around water A, in good agreement with experimental findings (Yakovlev et al. Biochemistry, 2003, 68, 603-610). In its binding pocket water A can act as a switch by breaking and forming @entity3884 bonds. With CDFT we calculate the energy required to the formation of the charge-separated state and find it to decrease along the predicted anisotropic reaction coordinate. Furthermore, we observe an increased coupling between the ground and charge-separated state. Water A adapts its @entity3884 -bonding network along this reaction coordinate and weakens the @entity3884 bond with HisM202. We also present AIMD simulations on the radical cation (P(   +)) showing a weakening of the @entity3884 bond between HisL168 and the 3(1)- @entity16374 of PL. This work demonstrates how @entity572 are crucially coupled to the primary electron transfer and characterizes the reaction coordinate of the initial photoproduct formation.

title: Proton displacements coupled to primary electron transfer in the XXXX reaction center.

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['proton displacements']

answer: @entity11704 :: (1063,Species) :: ['Rhodobacter sphaeroides']


abstract: The @entity1109 ( @entity1109 ) approach provides a valid instrument in predicting @entity716 onset and represents moreover a significant heuristic framework for research. The term " @entity1109 " denotes subtle changes of cognition and perception in the earliest and prodromal stages of @entity716 development. @entity1109 are thought to correspond to disturbances of neural information processing. Following the heuristic implications of the @entity1109 approach, the present paper aims at exploring disturbances of information processing, revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electro-encephalographic as characteristics of the at-risk state of @entity716 . Furthermore, since high-risk studies employing ultra-high-risk criteria revealed non-conversion rates commonly exceeding 50%, thus warranting approaches that increase specificity, the potential contribution of neural information processing disturbances to @entity716 prediction is reviewed. In summary, the at-risk state seems to be associated with information processing disturbances. Moreover, fMRI investigations suggested that disturbances of language processing domains might be a characteristic of the prodromal state. Neurophysiological studies revealed that disturbances of sensory processing may assist @entity716 prediction in allowing for a quantification of risk in terms of magnitude and time. The latter finding represents a significant advancement since an estimation of the time to event has not yet been achieved by clinical approaches. Some evidence suggests a close relationship between self-experienced @entity1109 and neural information processing. With regard to future research, the relationship between neural information processing disturbances and different clinical risk concepts warrants further investigations. Thereby, a possible time sequence in the prodromal phase might be of particular interest.

title: Basic disturbances of information processing in XXXX prediction.

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['BS', 'basic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychosis']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To assess the magnitude and pattern of weight change during long-term treatment with the atypical antipsychotic @entity1089 . METHOD: Data were collected from @entity1 with a DSM-IV diagnosis of @entity161 treated with @entity1089 in the AstraZeneca clinical trials program from July 1993 to May 1999. Weight changes in @entity1 treated for 12, 52, and 104 weeks were analyzed; the primary parameter was the change in weight at week 52. RESULTS: In total, 352 @entity1 were treated with @entity1089 for 52 weeks. The mean @entity1017 at this timepoint was 3.19 kg; median @entity1017 was 2.5 kg. Overall, 37% of @entity1 gained >or= 7% of their baseline body weight; however, the degree of @entity1017 was inversely related to baseline body mass index in this cohort. In @entity1 treated with < 200 mg/day of @entity1089 , mean @entity1017 was 1.54 kg, compared with 4.08 kg for 200 to 399 mg/day, 1.89 kg for 400 to 599 mg/day, and 3.57 kg for >or= 600 mg/day; median @entity1017 was 0.95 kg, 3.40 kg, 2.00 kg, and 3.34 kg, respectively. Analysis of longitudinal weight changes indicated that most @entity1017 (> 60%) occurred within the first 12 weeks of @entity1089 treatment, with modest changes after 6 months. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term treatment with @entity1089 monotherapy is associated with moderate @entity1017 . Most @entity1017 occurs within the first 12 weeks of treatment and has no clear dose relationship.

title: @entity1089 and long-term weight change: a comprehensive data review of XXXX with @entity161 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']