abstract: @entity1457 ( @entity1457 ), similar to those used for clinical lithotripsy, can deposit energy deep in tissue and thereby destroy the microvasculature of solid @entity5 . We investigated the potential of @entity1457 , generated by an electromagnetic shockwave source (19 kV capacitor voltage, 1 Hz pulse frequency), as a @entity5 -therapy modality alone and in combination with local @entity5 @entity221 (43.5 +/- 0.1 degrees C, 30 min). Copenhagen @entity35 transplanted with the anaplastic @entity263 sub-line R3327- @entity1809 received 1000 @entity1457 pulses, which delayed @entity5 growth by one @entity5 -doubling time (5 days). Histopathology revealed @entity548 , disruption of @entity5 vasculature, and @entity39 in the focus of the sound field. @entity1603 ( @entity1603 ) incorporation was significantly lower in @entity1457 -treated @entity5 than in controls. Dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies using @entity7241 as contrast agent showed a strong reduction of @entity5 perfusion after @entity1457 treatment, although this effect was partly reversible within 3 days after @entity1457 . While @entity221 alone produced no significant delay in @entity5 growth, the combination of @entity1457 and @entity221 produced @entity5 -growth delay by 2 @entity5 -volume-doubling times. The maximum growth delay was achieved when @entity1457 and @entity221 were separated by 24 hr at the time of maximum perfusion reduction indicated by MRI. Thus, the cytotoxic effect of @entity1457 was enhanced by @entity221 in the anaplastic @entity263 R3327- @entity1809 grown on Copenhagen @entity35 in a synergistic manner, due to blood-flow reduction. In conjunction with other agents, such as @entity221 , @entity1457 might become a @entity5 -therapy modality in solid @entity5 accessible to ultrasound.

title: Synergistic interaction of ultrasonic shock waves and @entity221 in the @entity263 R3327- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1603 :: ('MESH:D001973', 'Chemical') :: ['BUdR', 'Bromodeoxyuridine']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['Dunning-prostate-tumor', 'prostate tumor']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'local cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['Pulsed high-energy ultrasound shock waves', 'PHEUS']

entities_list: @entity7241 :: ('MESH:D019786', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium-DTPA']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

answer: @entity1809 :: (24180(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['AT1']


abstract: @entity14293 , a cytokine composed of @entity14293 and the p40 subunit of IL-12, can enhance the proliferation of @entity2414 cells and production of @entity60 from activated T cells. It can also induce antitumor effects in @entity19 model. To further evaluate the antitumor activity and immune enhancement of @entity14293 in vivo, @entity19 @entity694 cells retrovirally transduced with @entity14293 gene were injected subcutaneously (s.c.) into BALB/c @entity19 . Survival time and @entity5 volume were observed. LDH release assay, @entity665 incorporation assay and ELISA were used to determine CTL activity, proliferation of splenocytes and level of cytokines, respectively. Number of dendritic cells (DCs) was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). @entity14293 secreted by Colon26/ @entity14293 cells suppressed the growth of @entity5 and prolonged the survival time of @entity19 , enhanced proliferation of splenocytes, CTL activity, and number of DCs. @entity14293 also promoted the production of @entity630 cytokines such as @entity60 , IL-12 and @entity637 . However, the level of @entity58 was not enhanced significantly. These data suggested that @entity14293 secreted by @entity5 cells can induce antitumor activity by enhancing immune response.

title: Antitumor activity and immune enhancement of @entity19 interleukin-23 expressed in XXXX @entity694 cells.

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: An exercise test limited to 5 METS or 70% of age-predicted maximal heart rate was performed 1 day before hospital discharge by 225 survivors of acute @entity583 , all of whom were subsequently followed up for at least 5 years. The mortality rate was 11.1% during the first year, but averaged only 2.9% per year from the second to fifth year. Over the entire follow-up period, the five variables that predicted mortality by multivariate analysis were QRS score, an exercise-induced ST segment shift, previous @entity1188 , failure to achieve target heart rate or work load and @entity943 during the exercise test. Because mortality differed markedly before and after 1 year, Cox regression analyses were performed separately for both of these periods. The factors that were predictive of mortality during the first year were an exercise-induced ST shift (p less than 0.0001, relative risk 7.8), failure to increase systolic blood pressure by 10 mm Hg or more during exercise (p = 0.0039, relative risk 4.3) and @entity951 in hospital 48 hours or longer after admission (p = 0.0046, relative risk 3.4). None of these three variables was predictive of mortality after 1 year. Previous @entity1188 (p = 0.0007), QRS score (p = 0.0042) and @entity943 during the exercise test (p = 0.016) were predictive of mortality after the first year. Thus, clinical and exercise test variables are complementary predictors of mortality after @entity583 . An abnormal ST segment response during an early limited exercise test and @entity951 in the hospital are common strong predictors of mortality to 1 year, but not thereafter. Late mortality correlates with markers of poor left ventricular function.

title: Comparison of clinical variables and variables derived from a limited predischarge exercise test as predictors of early and late mortality after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity130 ( @entity130 ) have a wide range of radiological and clinical presentation due to the unique complex bony, ligamentous and vascular anatomy. We recently proposed a rational approach in an attempt to unify prior classification system and guide treatment. In this paper, we evaluate the clinical results of our algorithm for @entity130 treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective cohort series of @entity1 with @entity130 was performed. The primary outcome was the AIS. Surgical treatment was proposed based on our protocol: Ligamentous injuries (abnormal misalignment, facet perched or locked, increase atlanto-dens interval) were treated surgically. @entity174 without @entity130 were treated with a @entity2003 , with exception of @entity174 in the dens base with risk factors for non-union. RESULTS: Twenty-three @entity1 treated initially conservatively had some follow-up (mean of 171 days, range from 60 to 436 days). All of them were neurologically intact. None of the @entity1 developed a new @entity51 . Fifteen @entity1 were initially surgically treated (mean of 140 days of follow-up, ranging from 60 to 270 days). In the surgical group, preoperatively, 11 (73.3%) @entity1 were AIS E, 2 (13.3%) AIS @entity17395 (13.3%) AIS D. At the final follow-up, the American Spine Injury Association (ASIA) score was: 13 (86.6%) AIS E and 2 (13.3%) AIS D. None of the @entity1 had neurological worsening during the follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective cohort suggested that our @entity130 treatment algorithm can be safely used. Further prospective studies with longer follow-up are necessary to further establish its clinical validity and safety.

title: XXXX : Clinical results using a new treatment algorithm.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid cervical orthosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Bone fractures']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['ligamentous injuries', 'Upper cervical injuries', 'UCI']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Upper cervical injuries']


abstract: A phase III multicentre study was carried out with the GnRH agonist @entity7458 (Suprecur) at five university institutions (Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Essen, Kiel, T  bingen, M  nster and Erlangen) to evaluate the effect of @entity7458 (3 x 300 micrograms daily intranasal) on @entity46 for a period of 6 months. Endometriosis was verified by light microscopy in all cases. The data of 430 @entity1 could be evaluated. The extent of the endometriotic lesions was studied before the start and at the end of therapy. The mean age of the @entity1 was 30 +/- 5 years. For 300 @entity1 (66.4%) sterility was a main problem. Previous treatment for @entity46 consisted of operation in 20.5%, treatment with @entity1872 in 16.8% and treatment with gestagens in 11.6% of the @entity1 . Under treatment FSH changed from 11.0 +/- 31.4 mIU/ml to 7.0 +/- 5.6 mIU/ml at the end of therapy; LH from 11.1 +/- 12.9 mIU/ml to 7.4 +/- 7.3 mIU/ml; @entity53 from 113.9 +/- 89.0 to 35.9 +/- 60.3 pg/ml and @entity1420 from 7.2 +/- 11.2 ng/ml to 0.8 +/- 1.4 ng/ml. The effect on @entity46 was judged according to the revised American Fertility Society score (rAFS 1985). The changes of the rAFS-score stages were as follows (before/after therapy): Stage 0: 0%/42.8%; stage I: 43.5%/38.5%; stage II: 31.1%/11.2%; stage III: 18.1%/2.2%; stage IV: 6.3%/0.2%. The total mean AFS-stage changed from 1.9 to 0.7. The frequency of clinical symptoms improved (before/after therapy): dysmenorrhoea 65.0%/11.2%; pelvic @entity158 48.2%/14.1%; @entity158 at the time of gynaelogical examination 40.0%/9.7%.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Treatment of @entity46 with the GnRH agonist XXXX (Suprecur): a multicenter study].

entities_list: @entity7458 :: ('MESH:D002064', 'Chemical') :: ['buserelin', 'Buserelin']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity7458 :: (MESH:D002064,Chemical) :: ['buserelin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Anterior aortic plane systolic excursion (AAPSE) was evaluated in the present pilot study as a novel echocardiographic indicator of transplant-free survival in @entity1 with systemic light-chain @entity2783 . METHODS: Eighty-nine @entity1 with light-chain @entity2783 were included in the post-hoc analysis. A subgroup of 54 @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity299 were compared with 41 healthy individuals to evaluate the discriminative ability of echocardiographic findings. AAPSE is defined as the systolic excursion of the anterior aortic margin. To quantify AAPSE, the M-mode cursor was placed on the aortic valve plane in @entity1162 view at end-diastole. Index echocardiography had been performed before chemotherapy. Median follow-up duration was 2.4  years. The primary combined end point was heart transplantation or overall death. RESULTS: Mean AAPSE was 14      2  mm in healthy individuals (mean age=57      10  years; 56% @entity1 ; BMI=25      4  kg/m(2)). AAPSE  <  11  mm separated @entity1 from age-, gender-, and BMI-matched control subjects with 93% sensitivity and 97% specificity. Median transplant-free survival of @entity1 with AAPSE  <  5  mm was 0.7 versus 4.8  years (P  =  .0001). AAPSE was an independent indicator of transplant-free survival in multivariate Cox regression (echocardiographic model: hazard ratio=0.72 [P  =  .03]; biomarker model: hazard ratio=0.62 [P  =  .0001]). Sequential regression analysis suggested incremental power of AAPSE as a marker of transplant-free survival. An ejection fraction-based model with an overall   (2) value of 22.8 was improved by the addition of log NT-proBNP (  (2)  =  32.6, P  <  .005), troponin-T (  (2)  =  39.6, P  <  .01), and AAPSE (  (2)  =  54.0, P  <  .0001). CONCLUSIONS: AAPSE is suggested as an indicator of transplant-free survival in @entity1 with systemic light-chain @entity2783 . AAPSE provided significant incremental value to established staging models.

title: Anterior Aortic Plane Systolic Excursion: A Novel Indicator of Transplant-Free Survival in Systemic Light-Chain XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['parasternal long-axis']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac amyloid infiltration']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['Amyloidosis']


abstract: @entity1555 ( @entity1555 and @entity1555 ) are caused by defects in the @entity4714 gene. About two-thirds of the affected @entity1 have large deletions or duplications, which occur in the 5' and central portion of the gene. The nondeletion/duplication cases are most likely the result of smaller mutations that cannot be identified by current diagnostic screening strategies. We screened approximately 80% of the @entity4714 coding sequence for small mutations in 158 @entity1 without deletions or duplications and identified 29 mutations. The study indicates that many of the @entity1555 and the majority of the @entity1555 small mutations lie in noncoding regions of the gene. All of the mutations identified were unique to single @entity1 , and most of the mutations resulted in protein truncation. We did not find a clustering of small mutations similar to the deletion distribution but found > 40% of the small mutations 3' of exon 55. The extent of protein truncation caused by the 3' mutations did not determine the phenotype, since even the exon 76 nonsense mutation resulted in the severe @entity1555 phenotype. Our study confirms that the @entity4714 gene is subject to a high rate of mutation in CpG sequences. As a consequence of not finding any hotspots or prevalent small mutations, we conclude that it is presently not possible to perform direct carrier and prenatal diagnostics for many families without deletions or duplications.

title: Spectrum of small mutations in the XXXX coding region.

entities_list: @entity1555 :: ('MESH:D020388', 'Disease') :: ['Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies', 'BMD', 'DMD']

answer: @entity4714 :: (1756,Gene) :: ['dystrophin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To assess the extent of overestimation of the cumulative probability of @entity204 by the Kaplan-Meier method with the competing-risks regression analysis as reference approach. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data were derived from the screening arm of the Rotterdam branch of the European Randomized Study of Screening for @entity263 (ERSPC). The screening arm consisted of 21210 @entity1 between the ages of 55 and 74 at study entry. Follow up concerning mortality was complete through 2008. Endpoints were 5 and 10 year cumulative probabilities of @entity263 @entity204 and @entity204 from other causes. Relative bias was defined as the ratio of the cumulative probability of @entity204 as determined by the Kaplan-Meier method, relative to the cumulative probability obtained by the competing-risks analysis. RESULTS: According to the Kaplan-Meier method, the 5 year cumulative probability of @entity204 from @entity263 was 0.0101, compared with 0.0099 according to the competing-risk analysis [1.8% overestimation]. At 10 year, these numbers were 0.0347 and 0.0321, respectively [8.0% overestimation]. For @entity204 from other causes, the cumulative probabilities at 5 year were 0.0399 and 0.0397 according to the Kaplan-Meier and the competing-risks method [0.6% overestimation], respectively. At 10 year, the probabilities were 0.141 and 0.139 [1.7% overestimation], respectively. CONCLUSIONS: When competing events are present, the competing-risks regression analysis is to be preferred over the Kaplan-Meier method in the estimation of the cumulative probability of the event of interest.

title: Overestimation of XXXX mortality and other-cause mortality by the Kaplan-Meier method.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['Prostate Cancer', 'prostate cancer']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The missed diagnosis of @entity583 has been studied in the Emergency Department, but few studies have investigated how often @entity63 is correctly identified in the outpatient setting. METHODS: This was a single center retrospective observational study of @entity1 with Health Alliance Plan medical insurance hospitalized at a US tertiary center with @entity583 in 2004. Outpatient encounters in the 30 days preceding @entity583 were reviewed by two independent cardiologists for presenting symptoms and diagnostic decision-making in order to classify @entity1 presentations as acute @entity63 , stable @entity951 or neither. RESULTS: There were 331 @entity1 with @entity583 , including 190 (57%) with a primary diagnosis of AMI and evaluated by a physician in the preceding 30 days. This group included 68 @entity1 with 95 documented outpatient encounters by a primary care physician, cardiologist, or other internal medicine specialist which formed the final study population. Mean interval between these encounters and AMI was 17 +/- 11 days. Of these @entity1 , 7 (10%) had symptoms of acute @entity63 , 5 (7%) had @entity5749 , and 56 (83%) had no symptoms of @entity63 at their outpatient encounters. Of the 7 @entity1 with acute @entity301 , 5 were correctly identified and 2 were misidentified. CONCLUSION: A majority of @entity1 with subsequent AMI visit an outpatient provider in the month preceding AMI. However, few present with symptoms of @entity63 in the outpatient setting (10%) and these symptoms are not always identified as such.

title: The recognition of acute XXXX in the outpatient setting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['coronary ischemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary ischemic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['stable angina symptoms']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['coronary ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Interstitial foam cells are occasionally observed in various @entity8 , and they have been reported to belong to the monocyte/macrophage (M phi) lineage and to be associated with heavy @entity644 and @entity407 . We investigated the characteristics of interstitial foam cells and their association with @entity644 and @entity407 in @entity8 ( @entity8 ). METHODS: @entity1 with @entity8 (N = 320) were divided into two groups: group I consisted of 51 @entity1 with interstitial foam cells, and group II consisted of the other 269 without foam cells. We compared clinical parameters and the findings of an immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies to various types of leukocytes and adhesion molecules. RESULTS: The age at renal biopsy, the degree of @entity644 , serum levels of lipids, and other clinical parameters except for sex ratio were not different between the two groups. The ratio of @entity1985 @entity1 was compatible between groups I (56.9%) and II (52.8%). All interstitial foam cells were positive for @entity469 and 25F9, which are markers for M phi and mature M phi, respectively, but were negative for CD3 or cytokeratin. Interstitial infiltrating cells were positive for @entity469 and CD3 but were negative for 25F9. Furthermore, most of interstitial foam cells were positive for both @entity1453 ( @entity1453 ) and @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ), but not for @entity20394 (the third ligand for @entity1453 ). By contrast, most of infiltrating nonfoamy M phi s were positive for @entity20394 and @entity1453 , however, @entity2071 was observed on only some of them. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that interstitial foam cells in @entity8 may not depend on @entity644 nor @entity407 directly. The accumulation of foam cells, which have characteristics of mature M phi, may be related to @entity2071 as a ligand of @entity1453 , whereas infiltration of nonfoamy M phi s has a close relationship with @entity20394 . Thus, the formation of interstitial foam cells may be related to the phenotypical transformation of M phi s.

title: Clinicopathological characteristics of interstitial foam cells in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal diseases', 'MN', 'idiopathic membranous nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1453 :: ('3683', 'Gene') :: ['leukocyte function associated antigen-1', 'LFA-1']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular adhesion molecule-1']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['membranous nephropathy']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity30 is characterized by a chronic and debilitating @entity32 of the gastrointestinal tract. Several factors may contribute to its development. From extensive studies of the @entity1 genome, the polymorphism @entity30747 of the gene @entity10617 ( @entity10617 ) has been related to increased risk of developing this disease. OBJECTIVES: Analyze the role of polymorphism @entity30747 ( @entity61806 ) in @entity1 with @entity30 . METHODS: 238 samples from (control group) and 106 samples from @entity1 with @entity30 recruited at five Southern Brazilian reference centers were evaluated. The genotyping consisted of the amplification via Polymerase Chain Reaction of the genomic segment encompassing @entity30747 , followed by Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism analysis. The amplicons and fragments were separated by agarose gel electrophoresis and confirmed under ultraviolet light. RESULTS: The genotype AG was more prevalent among @entity1 and controls (50% vs 44.8%), followed by genotypes AA (26.4% vs 35.1%) and GG (23.6% vs 20.1%). The frequency of the allele G of the polymorphism @entity30747 was higher in the group of @entity1 with @entity30 (48.6%) than in controls (42.4%), although not reaching statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS: It was not possible to confirm the increased susceptibility on development of @entity30 conferred by polymorphism @entity30747 .

title: XXXX genetic polymorphism: a susceptibility factor for @entity30 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disorder']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30747 :: (c|SUB|T|300|A,DNAMutation) :: ['T300A']


abstract: Objectives. To estimate the prevalence of @entity148 and @entity308 using the Hospital @entity148 and @entity308 Scale (HADS) in a population aged over sixty years with @entity164 2 @entity6 and to study the impact of @entity148 and @entity308 on glycemic balance and disease outcome. Results. The prevalence of @entity148 and @entity308 in the 62 subjects included in the study was, respectively, 40.3% and 22.6%. We found a relationship between these disorders and complicated @entity6 . The subjects having an imperfectly balanced @entity6 had a higher average @entity148 score than those having a good glycemic control (9.1    4.2 versus 6.5    3.1; P = 0.017). No relationship was found between @entity6 balance and @entity308 . Conclusion. Association between @entity148 and @entity308 and @entity6 is frequent and worsens @entity1 ' outcome, in terms of @entity6 as well as in terms of @entity6 complications. Our study shows that there is need for physicians to detect, confirm, and treat @entity148 and @entity308 in elderly @entity6 @entity1 .

title: Prevalence and Impact of XXXX and @entity308 in Tunisian @entity1 over Sixty Years Old.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive disorders', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes imbalance']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['Anxiety']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Infliximab plus @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) is approved for the treatment of @entity309 ( @entity309 ). Based on the benefit/risk profile of this combination therapy, lower doses of @entity1500 would be preferable when infliximab efficacy can be maintained. We evaluated the ability of @entity1 receiving infliximab plus @entity1500 to achieve and maintain a clinical response while the dose of @entity1500 was tapered. METHODS: Infliximab infusions were administered at a minimum dosage of 3 mg/kg at 8-week intervals (following three loading doses at weeks 0, 2, and 6) to @entity1 who had an inadequate response to @entity1500 . @entity1500 tapering was initiated at week 22 or later when at least a 40% improvement in the combined tender and swollen joint count was achieved; dosages were reduced by 5 mg every 8 weeks to a protocol-specified minimum dosage of 5 mg per week. If the required dosage of @entity1500 after a flare was greater than the baseline dosage, the @entity1 was considered a treatment failure. RESULTS: Of the 210 @entity1 enrolled, 159 (76%) achieved a 40% or better improvement in the combined tender and swollen joint count and had their @entity1500 doses tapered. In these 159 responders, the median (mean) dose of @entity1500 was reduced from 15 (16.5) mg per week at baseline to 5 (7.1) mg per week at week 54. From the time of initial response, 79% of these @entity1 had a zero- or a one-vial increase in infliximab, corresponding to an approximate dose increase of 1 mg/kg, through week 54. CONCLUSION: Approximately 75% of the @entity1 participating in this trial achieved at least a 40% reduction in the combined swollen and tender joint count (correlating with an American College of Rheumatology 20% [ACR20] response in 83% of @entity1 ) while reducing the mean @entity1500 dose by 57%.

title: @entity1499 dosage reduction in @entity1 with XXXX beginning therapy with infliximab: the Infliximab @entity309 Methotrexate Tapering (iRAMT) trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: 40 @entity1 with advanced @entity43 were treated with immediate debulking followed by sequential @entity900 and @entity632 every 4 weeks, followed by @entity1605 ( @entity1605 ). Six courses were given when @entity66 ( @entity66 ) was under 2 cm. When @entity66 was over 2 cm, three courses were followed by early debulking and six more courses before @entity1605 . Immediate debulking was optimal in 15 @entity1 (38%) and early debulking in an additional 15 (38%). Pathological complete responses (34 evaluable cases) were observed in 14 cases (41%), partial response in 13 (38%), stable disease in 3 (9%) and progression in 5 (15%). @entity137 was mainly haematological. 11 @entity1 with negative @entity1605 and 15 with @entity66 under 2 cm received intraperitoneal @entity900 200 mg/m2 alone or with @entity2592 . Median survival was 45 months: 58 months for @entity66 under 2 cm at initial laparotomy and 31 months for @entity66 over 2 cm. Median survival was 46 months when early debulking was successful. 5 year disease-free survival was only 16%. However, this multimodal treatment offers prolonged survival, especially in @entity1 optimally debulked either at initial laparotomy or at early debulking surgery.

title: Sequential XXXX - @entity632 , early debulking surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy in advanced @entity43 . Groupe d'Etude et de Recherche sur les Cancers de l'Ovaire et Digestifs (GERCOD).

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['SLL', 'second-look laparotomy']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease', 'RD']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography in the diagnosis of various types of @entity118 . Forty-one adult @entity1 with the clinical diagnosis of @entity118 were studied by transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography (30 @entity1 , 11 @entity1 ; 18 to 81 years of age). Transthoracic echocardiography demonstrated the @entity118 in 33 @entity1 (secundum type in 28, primum type in 3 and sinus venosus type in 2). Transesophageal echocardiography demonstrated the defect in all 41 @entity1 . Thus, in 8 (20%) of 41 @entity1 the @entity118 was demonstrated by transesophageal and not by transthoracic echocardiography. Six of the eight had a sinus venosus type @entity118 ; the other two @entity1 had a secundum @entity118 (one of these two had a technically poor transthoracic echocardiogram and the other had a small @entity118 ). Transthoracic echocardiography, therefore, failed to demonstrate the sinus @entity119 in six (75%) of eight @entity1 . An @entity50 was visualized by transesophageal echocardiography in seven of the eight @entity1 but was not seen on transthoracic echocardiography in any @entity1 . Sinus venosus type @entity118 are frequently not visualized in adults by conventional transthoracic echocardiography. Transesophageal echocardiography is recommended when an @entity118 is clinically suspected but cannot be visualized by transthoracic echocardiography.

title: Transesophageal echocardiography is superior to transthoracic echocardiography in the diagnosis of sinus venosus XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defects', 'atrial septal defect']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['anomalous venous connection associated with the sinus venosus defect']

entities_list: @entity119 :: ('MESH:C548009', 'Disease') :: ['venosus defect']

answer: @entity118 :: (MESH:D006344,Disease) :: ['atrial septal defect']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The stigma against @entity1 with @entity1032 is very high. In Spain there are currently no tools to assess this construct. The aim of this study was to validate the Spanish version of the Community Attitudes towards @entity1032 questionnaire in an adolescent population, and determining its internal consistency and temporal stability. Another analysis by gender will be also performed. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A translation and back-translation of the Community Attitudes towards @entity1032 was performed. A total of 150 students of between 14 and 18 years-old were evaluated with this tool in two stages. Internal consistency was tested using Cronbach a; and intraclass correlation coefficient was used for test-retest reliability. Gender-stratified analyses were also performed. RESULTS: The Cronbach a was 0.861 for the first evaluation and 0.909 for the second evaluation. The values of the intraclass correlation coefficient ranged from 0.775 to 0.339 in the item by item analysis, and between 0.88 and 0.81 in the subscales. In the segmentation by gender, it was found that @entity1 scored between 0.797 and 0.863 in the intraclass correlation coefficient, and @entity1 scored between 0.889 and 0.774. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, the Community Attitudes towards @entity1032 is a reliable tool for the assessment of social stigma. Although reliable results have been found for @entity1 and @entity1 , our results found some gender differences in the analysis.

title: Spanish validation of the social stigma scale: Community Attitudes towards XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['boys', 'girls', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness', 'Mental Illness']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['Mental Illness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8 has been proposed for the risk factor for @entity64 and @entity548 in @entity955 ( @entity955 ). The impact of changes in @entity8 over time and the relationship to @entity64 and @entity548 risk in these @entity1 remain unknown. We investigated sequential change in renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate, @entity470 ) and the risk for clinical events ( @entity64 , @entity204 and major @entity548 ) over time in a cohort of 617 @entity955 @entity1 followed up for 2 years. METHODS: @entity470 was estimated at baseline, 6 months and 12 months using three formulas (Modification of Diet in @entity8 equation, MDRD, @entity740 Epidemiology Collaboration, CKD-EPI, and Cockcroft-Gault equation). Changes in @entity470 and the risk for clinical events were analysed by Cox models, receiver operating curves (ROC), and Kaplan-Meier survival curves. RESULTS: When @entity1 with @entity470 <=60 ml/min/1.73 m(2) were compared to @entity1 with @entity470 >60 ml/min/1.73 m(2), there was an increase over time in @entity64 or @entity204 , or @entity204 , with @entity8 (all p<0.05). An absolute decrease in @entity470 >= 15 ml/min/1.73 m(2) on Cockcroft-Gault and CKD-EPI and >= 25 ml/min/1.73 m(2) on MDRD were associated with an increased risk for @entity64 or @entity204 , @entity204 , and @entity64 at 6 months (all p<0.05), but not major @entity548 . A relative reduction (decline of >= 25%) in @entity470 was also an independent risk. ROC analysis showed that a relative reduction in @entity470 >= 25% at 6 months and 12 months modestly predicted the occurrence of @entity64 or @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity955 (c-indexes: 0.57 to 0.61, p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity955 , an absolute decrease in @entity470 >= 15 ml/min/1.73 m(2) on Cockcroft-Gault and CKD-EPI, and >= 25 ml/min/1.73 m(2) on MDRD, or a relative reduction (>= 25%) in @entity470 , independently predicted the risk for the endpoints ' @entity64 or @entity204 ', ' @entity204 ' or (at 6 months) @entity64 . Deteriorating renal function increases the risk of @entity204 in @entity955 @entity1 .

title: Sequential changes in renal function and the risk of @entity64 and @entity204 in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction', 'Renal Disease', 'Renal dysfunction', 'impaired renal function']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'ischaemic stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Kidney Disease']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: The efficacy of selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for the treatment of @entity148 ( @entity148 ) has been reported in the USA and Europe. However, no clinical investigation has been done with SSRIs in Japanese @entity1 with @entity148 . This study was performed to determine the effectiveness and safety of @entity3755 for generalized @entity148 (GSAD) in Japanese @entity1 . In this double-blind study, @entity1 meeting DSM-IV criteria for GSAD were randomized to receive treatment with @entity3755 or placebo for 10 wk. @entity3755 treatment was initiated at 50 mg/d, and increased by 50 mg weekly to a maximum of 150 or 300 mg/d. The primary efficacy outcome was mean change from baseline on the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale - Japanese Version (LSAS-J) total score. The secondary outcomes were response according to the Clinical Global Impressions - Global Improvement (CGI-I) score and three domains of the Sheehan Disability Scale ( @entity214 ; used to assess @entity73 ). A total of 176 @entity3755 -treated @entity1 and 89 placebo-treated @entity1 were eligible for the efficacy analysis. At week 10, the @entity3755 -treated @entity1 had a significantly greater reduction in the LSAS-J total score compared with placebo-treated @entity1 (p=0.0197), with significantly more @entity3755 recipients being at least much improved on the CGI-I scale compared with placebo-treated @entity1 (p=0.024). @entity3755 -treated @entity1 also had better responses on the @entity214 compared with placebo-treated @entity1 (p=0.0208). @entity3755 was safe and well tolerated. These results suggest that @entity3755 is effective for the treatment of Japanese @entity1 with GSAD.

title: XXXX treatment of generalized @entity148 in Japan: a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial impairment']

entities_list: @entity3755 :: ('MESH:D016666', 'Chemical') :: ['fluvoxamine', 'Fluvoxamine']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['social anxiety disorder', 'SAD']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity3755 :: (MESH:D016666,Chemical) :: ['Fluvoxamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To gain insight into the differences in participation in the screening programme for @entity5 between @entity1 invited by a general practitioner (GP) and @entity1 invited by the local health authority (GGD). Specific attention was given to those groups whose participation is generally below average. DESIGN: Descriptive epidemiological study. METHOD: In the period 2000-2003, 237,719 @entity1 (30-60 years of age) were invited to participate in the national @entity5 screening programme in the Southwest of the Netherlands; 37.1% of the @entity1 were invited by the GP and 62.9% by the GGD. Data were obtained from the Cervix Information System of the GGDs. Differences in attendance between those invited by the GP and those invited by the GGD were tested by linear regression. Participation was defined as the number of @entity1 for whom the result of a cervical smear was known, divided by the number invited. RESULTS: Invitation by a GP led to a 7.9% (95% CI: 7.5-8.3) higher attendance rate than invitation by a GGD. This difference in attendance was higher for @entity1 born in Morocco, @entity233 , Surinam and the Netherlands Antilles/Aruba (17.2%; 95% CI: 15.2-I9.2), young @entity1 (11.9%; 95% CI: 10.8-13.0), @entity1 with a low socio-economic status (11.6%; 95% CI: 10.4-12.7), and @entity1 who lived in highly urban areas (13.0%; 95% CI: 12.3-13.6). The differences were the greatest among non-western @entity1 who were also part of another low-attendance group: 19.0% (95% CI: 16.7-21.2) for @entity1 who lived in highly urban areas and 20.8% (95% CI: 16.8-24.9) for those in the youngest age group.

title: [Participation in the Dutch national screening programme for uterine cervic XXXX higher after invitation by a general practitioner, especially in groups with a traditional low level of attendance].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['uterine cervix cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Functional repair of articular @entity4713 remains a major challenge not only in the field of knee surgery but also in tissue regeneration medicine. The purpose is to clarify whether the spontaneous hyaline cartilage regeneration can be induced in a large @entity4713 created in the femoral condyle by means of implanting a novel double-network (DN) gel at the bottom of the defect. METHODS: Twenty-five mature @entity95 were used in this study. In the bilateral knees of each animal, we created an @entity4713 having a diameter of 2.4-mm in the medial condyle. Then, in 21 @entity95 , we implanted a DN gel plug into a right knee defect so that a vacant space of 1.5-mm depth (in Group I), 2.5-mm depth (in Group II), or 3.5-mm depth (in Group III) was left. In the left knee, we did not apply any treatment to the defect to obtain the control data. All the @entity95 were sacrificed at 4 weeks, and the gross and histological evaluations were performed. The remaining 4 @entity95 underwent the same treatment as used in Group II, and real-time PCR analysis was performed at 4 weeks. RESULTS: The defect in Group II was filled with a sufficient volume of the hyaline cartilage tissue rich in proteoglycan and type-2 collagen. The Wayne's gross appearance and histology scores showed that Group II was significantly greater than Group I, III, and Control (p < 0.012). The relative expression level of type-2 collagen, aggrecan, and @entity39901 mRNAs was significantly greater in Group II than in the control group (p < 0.023). CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that spontaneous hyaline cartilage regeneration can be induced in vivo in an @entity4713 created in the femoral condyle by means of implanting the DN gel plug at the bottom of the defect so that an approximately 2-mm deep vacant space was intentionally left in the defect. This fact has prompted us to propose an innovative strategy without cell culture to repair osteochondral lesions in the femoral condyle.

title: Spontaneous hyaline cartilage regeneration can be induced in an XXXX created in the femoral condyle using a novel double-network hydrogel.

entities_list: @entity4713 :: ('MESH:D010007', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral defects', 'osteochondral defect']

answer: @entity4713 :: (MESH:D010007,Disease) :: ['osteochondral defect']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Outbreaks of @entity1 @entity5746 are increasingly associated with contact with live poultry, but effective control measures are elusive. In 2005, a cluster of @entity1 salmonella Montevideo @entity281 with a rare pattern on pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (the outbreak strain) was identified by PulseNet, a national subtyping network. METHODS: In cooperation with public health and animal health agencies, we conducted multistate investigations involving @entity1 interviews, trace-back investigations, and environmental testing at a mail-order hatchery linked to the outbreak in order to identify the source of @entity281 and prevent additional illnesses. A case was defined as an infection with the outbreak strain between 2004 and 2011. RESULTS: From 2004 through 2011, we identified 316 cases in 43 states. The median age of the @entity1 was 4 years. Interviews were completed with 156 @entity1 (or their caretakers) (49%), and 36 of these @entity1 (23%) were hospitalized. Among the 145 @entity1 for whom information was available, 80 (55%) had @entity294 . Information on contact with live young poultry was available for 159 @entity1 , and 122 of these @entity1 (77%) reported having such contact. A mail-order hatchery in the western United States was identified in 81% of the trace-back investigations, and the outbreak strain was isolated from samples collected at the hatchery. After interventions at the hatchery, the number of @entity1 @entity281 declined, but transmission continued. CONCLUSIONS: We identified a prolonged multistate outbreak of @entity5746 , predominantly affecting young @entity1 and associated with contact with live young poultry from a mail-order hatchery. Interventions performed at the hatchery reduced, but did not eliminate, associated @entity1 @entity281 , demonstrating the difficulty of eliminating salmonella transmission from live poultry.

title: Outbreak of XXXX linked to live poultry from a mail-order hatchery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['bloody diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity5746 :: ('MESH:D012480', 'Disease') :: ['salmonellosis', 'salmonella infections']

answer: @entity5746 :: (MESH:D012480,Disease) :: ['salmonellosis']


abstract: We conducted a retrospective study of 58 cases of @entity1328 (1986-2008) with urine test positive for Cryptococcus sp, in Mycology Laboratory, Santa @entity13389 -Hospital Complex, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil. The diagnosis of cryptococcuria was based on microscopic examination and culture of urinary sediment. Cryptococcus was isolated from other clinical specimens such as blood, cerebrospinal fluid, ascitic and pleural fluids, respiratory secretions, biopsies of skin, nasal and bone marrow. Cryptocccus neoformans was present in 55 cases and Cryptocccus gattii in three cases. Males predominated (79.3%); age ranged from 12 to 86 years. @entity791 ( @entity791 ) were present in 60.3%, 31.1% did not have @entity791 and 5.2% were apparently immunocompetent @entity1 . The most frequent signs and symptoms were @entity10 (53.4%) and fever (51.7%). The most widely used medication was the @entity2379 (43 @entity1 ). The mortality rate was 45%. We conclude that the mycological examination of the urine can be an alternative simple, non-invasive and useful in diagnosis of disseminated @entity1328 , especially when used in conjunction with techniques for demonstration of the capsule ( @entity43334 ) and/or production of melanin in special culture media (Staib agar).

title: Cryptococcuria as manifestation of disseminated XXXX : Staib agar as a selective identification medium.

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity1328 :: ('MESH:D003453', 'Disease') :: ['cryptococcosis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome', 'AIDS']

entities_list: @entity43334 :: ('MESH:C002712', 'Chemical') :: ['nigrosine']

answer: @entity1328 :: (MESH:D003453,Disease) :: ['cryptococcosis']


abstract: @entity2894 can occur as a complication of @entity3039 . We report here a new case of such association. A male @entity1 aged 59 years, complaining of decreased libido for one year, was referred to the emergency department for @entity4125 and severe @entity882 (4000 platelets/mm3). 24 hours after the cutaneous rash the @entity1 presented with clinical symptoms of bilateral cavernous sinus compression comprising @entity1736 , @entity1621 and right @entity1183 . Cranial CT scan showed an enlarged sella and a @entity4611 with signs of intrapituitary @entity548 . Hormonal evaluation showed @entity4089 (50 ng/mL) and @entity4614 , and the @entity1 needed substitution with @entity701 and @entity1955 . Immunoglobulins and corticosteroids were given to the @entity1 to treat @entity882 , then worsening of @entity16 led to pituitary surgery. Histopathological examination found necrotical pituitary tissue. Immunostaining with an anti-prolactin antibody was positive in several groups of cells. @entity16 subsided and @entity882 was corrected by treatment. In conclusion, we report a case of @entity2894 due to severe @entity882 occurring as a complication of a preexisting @entity2013 .

title: @entity2894 and XXXX : a new case and review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity4089 :: ('MESH:D006966', 'Disease') :: ['hyperprolactinemia']

entities_list: @entity1183 :: ('MESH:D006987', 'Disease') :: ['supraorbital hypoesthesia']

entities_list: @entity2013 :: ('MESH:D015175', 'Disease') :: ['macroprolactinoma']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological symptoms', 'neurological and ophtalmological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2894 :: ('MESH:D010899', 'Disease') :: ['Pituitary apoplexy', 'pituitary apoplexy']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary mass']

entities_list: @entity4614 :: ('MESH:D007018', 'Disease') :: ['hypopituitarism']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity3039 :: ('MESH:D016553', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity1621 :: ('MESH:C563492', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral ophtalmoplegia']

answer: @entity3039 :: (MESH:D016553,Disease) :: ['idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura']


abstract: @entity189 of the @entity356 are divided into two types. In the main group of @entity1 (n = 18), @entity189 developed after resection for benign @entity1066 , and in the second group (n = 4) after resection for early @entity356 . In the first group, the mean age of the @entity1 was 63, and the male-to-female ratio of 17:1. The mean interval between the primary operation and the diagnosis of @entity5 was 27 years. Biopsies were positive in 16 out of 18 @entity1 . The resectability rate was 72%, resection being performed with curative intent in 50%. Total gastrectomy was performed in 50% of the cases. There were no postoperative deaths. The 5-year survival rate was 33% for all @entity1 and 50% after tumoral resection. Early detection was achieved by means of an endoscopic survey of the @entity356 . A comparison between @entity356 and other @entity356 in our series fails to reveal any major differences. @entity356 is not specific. In the second group, the mean age of the @entity1 was 72.5 and the sex ratio 1:1. The mean interval between the two operations was 5 years. The resectability rate was 100%, and all the @entity1 survived with follow-up ranging from 2 to 10 years. The second lesion could be considered a @entity5 , but it may have been present and overlooked at the time of the initial gastrectomy. Differentiating between synchronous and metachronous lesions is quite difficult.

title: XXXX in the @entity356 after partial gastrectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'metachronous cancer']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinomas', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric stump carcinoma', 'gastric stump', 'gastric carcinoma', 'gastric stump carcinomas', 'gastric carcinomas']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric adenocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Most cement leaks during vertebroplasty are asymptomatic, but @entity1151 has been reported to cause @entity65 and even death. Adding @entity692 (HA) to polymethylmethacrylate ( @entity4625 ) cement to reduce the quantity of barium may aggravate @entity65 in the event of @entity887 by activating coagulation. Thus, we investigated the cardiovascular changes after @entity1151 of @entity4625 with and without HA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 13 @entity742 , cement (2.0 mL) was injected into the pulmonary trunk. Two different cements were used: 1) standard @entity4625 and 2) @entity4625 with 10% HA ( @entity4625 _ HA). Arterial, central @entity998 were monitored continuously until 60 minutes after the injection. Blood gases and coagulation parameters (antithrombin, D-dimer) were measured before and after injection. RESULTS: Mean pulmonary arterial pressure had increased by approximately 9% ( @entity4625 ) and 14% ( @entity4625 _ HA) 1 minute after injection and stayed elevated. There were no significant differences between the groups. No evidence of @entity1031 was detected. CONCLUSION: @entity887 did not result in clinically significant @entity120 . Adding HA to @entity4625 cement did not cause more severe cardiovascular changes.

title: Cardiovascular changes after XXXX : an experimental study in @entity742 .

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['venous and pulmonary arterial pressures, heart rate, and cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary cement embolism']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['Cement embolism', 'cement embolism']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disturbances', 'cardiovascular deterioration']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary cement embolism']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 1523 Background: : The RECIST criteria (1D measurement) is widely used to measure response in solid @entity5 but there are few studies validating this criteria in @entity1313 . In a small study in childhood @entity1313 , Warren et al. (JNCI 2001;92:205) found a high concordance between 1D, 2D and 3D measurements in detecting partial responses but not disease progression. More recently, Galanis et al (ASCO Abst 423, 2003) found that @entity5 responses assessed by RECIST and 2D measurements were equally associated with survival improvement. In this study we compared the 1D, 2D, 3D and computer assessed @entity5 volume (CV) measurements in adult @entity1313 . METHODS: Tumor size on MRI scans in 80 @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 treated on clinical protocols were measured using 1D, 2D, 3D and CV. A total of 278 T1 post- @entity2287 MRI scans (80 baseline and 198 follow up scans) were evaluated. Volumetric analysis was performed using VITREA. RESULTS: Pearson correlation coefficients (  ) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) are presented in the table for each measurement modality. All    values are greater than 0.70 with 95% CI no wider than 14%. Correlation was best between the 1D vs 2D and 2D vs 3D group. The poorest correlations were between the 1D and 3D and 1D and volumetric criteria. Median progression-free survival (MPFS) and 6-month progression free survival (6m-PFS) were 5.9 months (95% CI=5.0-7.6) and 45% (SD 6%) for 1 D, 6.0 m (5.1-7.6) and 47% (6%) for 2D, 6.0 m (5.1-7.7) and 47% (6%) for 3D, 6.2 m (5.1-8.2) and 49% (6%) for volumetric analysis. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there is good concordance between the RECIST criteria and 2D measurements in determining response, MPFS and 6m-PFS in adult @entity1313 @entity1 . The correlations between 1D or 2D criteria and volumetric measurements are not as strong, but still high. [Figure: see text] No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Comparison of 1D, 2D, 3D and volumetric parameters in measuring XXXX response in high-grade @entity11 in adults.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor', 'brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['gliomas']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: Agitation and other @entity854 in @entity1 with @entity195 are present in at least 50% of @entity1 and are a serious problem for caregivers. Agitation can be divided into aggressive @entity2146 , physically nonaggressive @entity2146 , and verbal @entity2146 . Persecutory delusions of suspiciousness and stealing are the most common @entity716 symptoms. Auditory and @entity1833 are also associated with delusions. Similar to delusions are misidentifications, which are false beliefs probably secondary to @entity1054 . They occur in one third of @entity1 with @entity303 of the Alzheimer type in the form of the belief that strangers are living in the home and misidentification of the @entity1 's home and reflection in the mirror. Passive personality changes are present early in the disease, whereas @entity2146 and @entity716 symptoms occur with disease progression and predict a more rapid rate of @entity73 . Agitation and wandering are related to more severe @entity73 and psychosocial variables, and neurochemical variables that may be related to @entity146 require further study. There are few systematic studies of behavioral or environmental interventions for behavioral symptoms in @entity1 with @entity195 . Current treatment emphasizes education of families, the formation of @entity195 in the nursing home, and adjunctive psychotropic agents to treat well-defined target symptoms.

title: Agitation and other @entity854 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavior disturbance']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['visual hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['noncognitive abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['Alzheimer units', "Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: The study aim was to determine risk factors associated with @entity3152 , perinatal mortality, and neonatal morbidity among 687 indigent, pregnant @entity1 in their first term registered with the New Civil Hospital, Ahmedabad, India, between September, 1989, and March, 1991. @entity1 were scored according to their level of risk: no risk, mild risk, moderate risk, and severe risk, from scores based on sociodemographic and obstetric data: pallor, maternal weight, 2 or more prior abortions, first pregnancy or 5 pregnancies, adolescent pregnancy, prior @entity600 , prior prenatal mortality or @entity2209 . Out of 696 deliveries, there were 71 (10.2%) preterm births, of which 3 (2.38%) were among @entity1 within the no risk groups. There were 47 (11.10%) from the mild risk group and 20 (14.08%) from the moderate risk group. There were 20% from the severe risk group. Perinatal mortality was 84.77/1000 births, and 7.94 among the no risk group. The perinatal mortality rate rose with level of risk, with 92.20 per thousand births for the mild risks to 200 for the severe risks, which was statistically significant. Neonatal morbidity also increased with the increased level of risk. Preterm birth was found not to be associated with pallor and prior history of @entity2209 . Perinatal mortality was not associated with pallor and first pregnancy. Factors significantly associated with preterm births and perinatal mortality were maternal @entity3147 , higher pregnancy order, older maternal age at delivery, and prior preterm births and fetal loss. Pregnant @entity1 with risk factors had greater relative risk of @entity600 and perinatal mortality by 5.01 and 13.09 times. With maternal risk factors, the risk increased by 80.05% and 92.35%. The risk factors were highly sensitive for preterm births (95.77%), but had low specificity (19.69%), and low positive predictive value (11.93%). Perinatal mortality sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive values were 98.31%, 19.90%, and 10.34%n respectively. The findings differed from previously reported studies; scoring system used has a higher sensitivity to predicting @entity600 and perinatal mortality among high risk @entity1 , and poor sensitivity among low risk @entity1 . Moderate and mild could be identified with this system and referred for follow-up.

title: Evaluation of antenatal risk scoring in a XXXX prevention and perinatal loss.

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirth', 'stillbirths']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['preterm birth']


abstract: This report deals with the surgery of @entity2695 other than @entity2758 in the brainstem. The surgical cases were three cavernomas, two @entity8721 , and two @entity1211 . We performed surgery when an @entity2695 bled and the resulting @entity1410 was situated near the surface of the brainstem or the fourth ventricle. The cases were operated on at the subacute or chronic stages after @entity548 . Although a magnetic resonance (MR) image showed a subacute or chronic localized @entity1410 with a low intensity rim, the case was not always a cavernoma, but a @entity8721 . Cavernomas could be totally removed, but @entity8721 could not. In the cases of @entity1211 the diagnosis was obtained radiologically, and when the @entity1410 was large, only @entity1410 evacuation was performed. In all cases the postoperative Karnofsky scores were improved or unchanged. Postoperative rebleeding in the @entity1410 continued insidiously in a case of @entity8721 . The abnormal vessels of @entity8721 in the brainstem were preoperatively not visualized by cerebral angiography or MR imaging, but became visualized by enhanced MR imaging after evacuation of @entity1410 in two cases. It is stressed that an @entity2695 with a @entity1410 intensity core surrounded by a low intensity rim on MR images is not always a cavernoma, but possibly is a @entity8721 .

title: Surgery of @entity2695 in the brainstem with a stress on the presence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformation']

entities_list: @entity8721 :: ('MESH:D013684', 'Disease') :: ['telangiectasias', 'telangiectasia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['angiomas', 'angioma']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['hematoma cavity', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['medullary venous malformation', 'venous malformations']

answer: @entity8721 :: (MESH:D013684,Disease) :: ['telangiectasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Endometriosis affects 5-10% of reproductive-aged @entity1 . The exact etiology is poorly understood. Oxidative stress and intrinsic inflammatory status are associated with the development and progression of @entity46 . @entity731 is a chronic and degenerative process that starts slowly during infancy. The inflammatory process and the oxidative phenomena contribute to the development of @entity731 . The question is whether @entity1 with @entity46 have unfavorable lipid profiles triggered by the inflammatory process and oxidative stress noted in both conditions. Our objective was to determine whether @entity46 promotes changes in plasma lipid profiles in reproductive-aged @entity1 . METHODS: Prospective cohort study at a tertiary care center. Institutional review board approval was obtained. Twenty-five reproductive-aged @entity1 were enrolled. Fifteen @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity46 at the time of laparoscopy. Ten @entity1 composed the control group with no @entity46 . Exclusion criteria included pregnancy, @entity28 , smoking, @entity285 or drug intake, use of hormones, and history of @entity2299 . Serum levels of total @entity165 , @entity1674 , high-density lipoprotein (HDL) @entity165 , and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) @entity165 were measured in both groups. RESULTS: The total @entity165 , @entity1674 , and LDL @entity165 levels were statistically higher in the @entity46 group compared with the control group. High-density lipoprotein was higher in the control group compared with the @entity46 group (P<.001). CONCLUSION: The lipid profile of the @entity46 @entity1 is unfavorable with higher LDL, @entity1674 , and total @entity165 levels and a lower HDL compared with control @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity46 may benefit from earlier screening for @entity2299 as a preventive measure.

title: Endometriosis and Lipid Concentration: Do We Have to Screen XXXX for Hyperlipidemia? [349].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia', 'familial dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'Atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity28 is an increasing problem in Singapore. Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) was introduced at our hospital in 2001 as part of a comprehensive weight management programme. To assess the effectiveness of this procedure, our results to date have been reviewed. METHODS: A prospective database was kept of all @entity1 undergoing LAGB and this was used to retrieve the information. RESULTS: 256 consecutive @entity1 underwent LAGB from January 2001 up to December 2005. There were 163 females and 93 males, with a median age of 36 years (range 18-63 years). Median preoperative weight was 112.7 kg (range 71.5-204 kg) and median body mass index (BMI) was 41.9 (range 32-73). Three @entity1 were converted from laparoscopic to open laparotomy (1.2 percent). 91 percent of @entity1 were discharged home on the first postoperative day. There were seven hospital morbidities (2.7 percent) with one mortality (0.4 percent). During follow-up, 20 @entity1 (7.8 percent) developed late complications requiring revision surgery. Ten were band complications, requiring revision or removal of the band. The other ten were minor access port or tubing complications. Median @entity353 at one year was 27.6 kg (range 5.6-71.2 kg) and median excess @entity353 , using a BMI of 23 as a baseline, was 51.7 percent (range 9-117.5 percent). Easily measurable comorbidities such as @entity6 and @entity101 improved or resolved in 85.4 percent of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: There is a clear demand for LAGB in Singapore. This has increased since the BMI thresholds for severe @entity28 were reduced in Asian @entity1 . The surgery provides effective, lasting @entity353 with improvement or resolution of comorbidity for most @entity1 . LAGB has the advantages of allowing controlled @entity353 and life-long treatment while being easily reversible. When compared to other bariatric surgical procedures, low hospital morbidity has to be offset against the closer follow-up required and the need for secondary surgical procedures in some @entity1 .

title: Laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding for severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['Severe obesity', 'obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Synchronous malignancy in both breasts is a rare incidence. The present study aims at dosimetric comparison of conventional bitangential radiotherapy (RT) technique with conventional [ @entity2194 ( @entity2194 )] and rotational [Helical TomoTherapy(  ) and TomoDirect    (TD); Accuray Inc., Sunnyvale, CA] intensity-modulated RT for @entity1 with @entity0 ( @entity0 ). METHODS: CT data sets of 10 @entity1 with @entity0 were selected for the present study. RT was planned for all @entity1 on both sides to whole breast and/or chest wall using the above-mentioned techniques. Six females with breast conservation on at least one side also had a composite plan along with @entity5 ( @entity5 ) boost using sequential electrons for bitangential and @entity2194 techniques or sequential @entity499 ( @entity499 ) boost (for TD) or simultaneous integrated boost (SIB) for @entity499 . RESULTS: All techniques produced acceptable target coverage. The hotspot was significantly lower with @entity2194 technique and @entity499 but higher with TD. For the organs at risk doses, @entity499 resulted in significant reduction of the higher dose volumes. Similarly, TD resulted in significant reduction of the mean dose to the heart and total lung by reducing the lower dose volumes. All techniques of delivering boost to the @entity5 were comparable in terms of target coverage. @entity499 -SIB markedly reduced mean doses to the total lung and heart by specifically lowering the higher dose volumes. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the cardiac and pulmonary sparing ability of tomotherapy in the setting of @entity0 . ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE: This is the first study demonstrating feasibility of treatment of @entity0 using tomotherapy.

title: Use of tomotherapy in treatment of XXXX : dosimetric comparison study.

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['field-in-field', 'FIF']

entities_list: @entity499 :: ('MESH:C536217', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'helical tomotherapy']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['SBBC', 'synchronous bilateral breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['TB', 'tumour bed']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['synchronous bilateral breast cancer']


abstract: Acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors ( @entity10494 and @entity664 , respectively) are expressed in high levels in adult central nervous system (CNS). We report the time course of developmental appearance and distribution of these factors and of two FGF receptors, @entity10702 and @entity10703 , in the CNS of @entity35 ranging in age from embryonic day 16 to adult. Immunohistochemical analysis showed that sensory neurons in the midbrain were the first cells to contain detectable @entity10494 immunoreactivity at embryonic day 18. The next cell group to contain @entity10494 were motor neurons, which were found to be @entity10494 -positive at the day of birth. A number of other subcortical neuronal populations were observed to contain @entity10494 immunoreactivity after postnatal day 7. Adult levels and distribution patterns of @entity10494 were reached in all CNS areas by postnatal day 28. Basic FGF immunoreactivity was observed at postnatal day 0 in neurons in the CA2 subfield of hippocampus. Astrocytes contained detectable @entity664 immunoreactivity, starting at postnatal day 7. Adult levels and patterns of distribution of @entity664 were reached in all CNS areas by postnatal day 28. These immunohistochemical observations were confirmed by using bioassay and Western blot techniques. @entity10702 and @entity10703 mRNA were expressed in significant levels in all CNS areas at all time points analyzed. The observation that @entity10494 and @entity664 appear in specific and distinct cellular populations at relatively late developmental times suggests that these FGFs may be involved in specific mechanisms of CNS maturation, maintenance, and repair.

title: Developmental time course of acidic and basic fibroblast growth factors' expression in distinct cellular populations of the XXXX central nervous system.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Management of @entity955 ( @entity955 ) focuses on the use of anticoagulation to mitigate the risk of @entity64 . Until recently, @entity2067 antagonist (VKA) treatment was considered the standard of care, with the emergence of non-VKA oral anticoagulants (NOACs) shifting treatment practice. The objective of this study was therefore to assess the use of @entity1229 and the NOACs for @entity64 prevention in @entity1 with @entity955 from the perspective of a Belgian healthcare payer using a cost-effectiveness analysis and the efficiency frontier approach. METHODS: A previously published Markov model was adapted to the Belgian healthcare setting. Clinical events modelled include ischaemic and @entity548 , systemic @entity887 , @entity932 , other major @entity548 , clinically relevant non-major @entity548 , @entity583 , @entity65 and treatment discontinuations. Efficacy and @entity548 data for @entity1229 and @entity5424 5  mg twice daily were obtained from the ARISTOTLE trial, whilst those for other NOACs ( @entity3925 20  mg once daily, @entity3926 110  mg twice daily, @entity3926 150  mg twice daily) were from published indirect comparisons. Acute medical costs were obtained from reimbursement payments made to Belgian hospitals, whilst long-term medical costs and utility data were derived from the literature. The efficiency frontier was calculated using total costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) as outcomes. Univariate and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. RESULTS: @entity1229 and @entity5424 were the two optimal treatment choices, as the other three treatment alternatives including @entity3926 110  mg, @entity3926 150  mg switching to @entity3926 110  mg at the age of 80 years and @entity3925 were extendedly or strictly dominated on the efficiency frontier. @entity5424 was a cost-effective alternative vs @entity1229 at an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of < @entity7634 >7,212/QALY gained. CONCLUSIONS: Amongst NOACs, @entity5424 may be the most economically efficient alternative to @entity1229 in @entity955 @entity1 who are suitable for VKA treatment and eligible for @entity64 prevention in Belgium.

title: XXXX and Systemic @entity887 Prevention in @entity1 with @entity955 in Belgium: Comparative Cost Effectiveness of New Oral Anticoagulants and @entity1229 .

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhagic stroke']

entities_list: @entity2067 :: ('MESH:D014812', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin K']

entities_list: @entity3926 :: ('MESH:C554682', 'Chemical') :: ['dabigatran']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity3925 :: ('MESH:C503223', 'Chemical') :: ['rivaroxaban']

entities_list: @entity5424 :: ('MESH:C522181', 'Chemical') :: ['Apixaban', 'apixaban']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['non-valvular atrial fibrillation', 'NVAF']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular hospitalisation']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['Warfarin', 'warfarin']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prognostic markers in curable STS may have the potential to guide therapy after surgical resection. The purpose of this study was to clarify the prognostic impact of the presence of cells and growth factors belonging to the innate immune system in soft @entity242 (STS). The significance of macrophages ( @entity469 ), their growth factor macrophage colony-stimulating factor ( @entity6824 ), its receptor @entity6823 ( @entity6823 ), natural killer cells ( @entity4755 ) and the general immunomodulating molecule ( @entity2533 ) are all controversial in STS. Herein, these markers are evaluated and compared to the cell proliferation marker Ki67. METHODS: Tissue microarrays from 249 @entity1 with non-gastrointestinal (non-GIST) STS were constructed from duplicate cores of viable and representative @entity5 areas and duplicate cores of peritumoral capsule. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of @entity469 , @entity6824 , @entity6823 , @entity4755 , @entity2533 and Ki67 in @entity5 and peritumoral capsule. RESULTS: In univariate analyses increased expression of @entity6824 (P   =   0.034), Ki67 (P   <   0.001) and @entity2533 (P   =   0.003) in @entity5 correlated with shorter @entity66 ( @entity66 ). Increased expression of @entity469 in @entity5 correlated significantly with @entity5 grade (P   =   0.016), but not @entity66 (P   =   0.270). Increased expression of Ki67 in peritumoral capsule tended to correlate with a shorter @entity66 (P   =   0.057). In multivariate analyses, co-expression of @entity6824 and @entity2533 (P   =   0.022) in @entity5 and high expression of Ki67 (P   =   0.019) in peritumoral capsule were independent negative prognostic factors for @entity66 . CONCLUSIONS: Increased co-expression of @entity6824 and @entity2533 in @entity5 in @entity1 with STS, and increased expression of Ki67 in peritumoral capsule were independent negative prognostic factors for @entity66 .

title: Prognostic impact of @entity4755 , @entity469 , @entity6824 , @entity6823 , Ki67 and @entity2533 in soft XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DSS', 'disease-specific survival']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['tissue sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplastic tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity6823 :: ('1436', 'Gene') :: ['colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor', 'CSF-1R']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['tissue sarcomas']


abstract: Micellar electrokinetic chromatography methods were developed and validated to separate and quantitate anti-HIV drug mixtures containing @entity9611 ( @entity5647 )/ @entity20706 (ddI)/ @entity5198 (mixture A) and @entity5647 /ddI/ @entity486 (mixture B) in human serum. Serum samples were prepared using a solid-phase extraction procedure. The effects of various factors such as buffer type, buffer and surfactant concentrations, and pH on the separations were investigated. The optimized resolution was achieved with a run buffer containing 18 mM @entity3208 in 15 mM @entity1391 and borate buffer (pH 9.0). An uncoated 52 cm (effective length 30 cm)x50 micrometer ID fused- @entity3440 capillary operated at 30 degrees C was used in the analysis with UV detection at 210 nm. @entity62188 was chosen as the internal standard. All analytes were separated within 14 min with a voltage of +15 kV and a current around 30 microA. The methods were validated over the range of 0.5-25.0 microgram/ml for @entity5647 , 0.8-18.5 microgram/ml for ddI, 0.5-22.8 microgram/ml for @entity5198 in mixture A and the range of 0.5-25.0 microgram/ml for @entity5647 , 0.8-18.5 microgram/ml for ddI, 1.2-28.8 microgram/ml for @entity486 in mixture B. Intra-day and inter-day accuracy was less than 12.4% and intra-day and inter-day precision was less than 13.9% for both mixtures. Extraction recoveries of all analytes from serum were higher than 75.9%. The assay should be applicable to pharmacokinetic studies and routine monitoring of these drugs in serum.

title: Determinations of @entity9611 / @entity20706 / XXXX and @entity9611 / @entity20706 / @entity486 in human serum by micellar electrokinetic chromatography.

entities_list: @entity9611 :: ('MESH:D015215', 'Chemical') :: ['zidovudine']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecylsulfate']

entities_list: @entity62188 :: ('MESH:C006470', 'Chemical') :: ['Aprobarbital']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity5198 :: ('MESH:D019829', 'Chemical') :: ['nevirapine']

entities_list: @entity20706 :: ('MESH:D016049', 'Chemical') :: ['didanosine']

entities_list: @entity486 :: ('MESH:D019438', 'Chemical') :: ['ritonavir']

answer: @entity5198 :: (MESH:D019829,Chemical) :: ['nevirapine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 8585 Background: Increased numbers of peripheral blood lymphocytes have been seen in @entity1 receiving high-dose continuous and bolus infusion @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) regimens. The @entity137 of high-dose @entity1199 due to a " @entity2478 requires in- @entity1 administration of such regimens. Daily intravenous doses of @entity1199 of 18-21.6 MIU/m2 over 15-30 minutes have been developed to attempt to lessen @entity137 of this therapy. @entity6359 may increase @entity1199 internalization by the @entity3647 on lymphocytes (Tsunoda, 1992). Previously, we have shown that @entity1 with @entity320 may be treated safely with outpatient intravenous @entity1199 preceded by intravenous @entity6359 daily for 3-5 days (Quan et al, 2003; Quan et al, 2010). The current study involves 17 @entity1 with @entity320 . METHODS: Thirteen @entity1 with stage IV @entity320 received @entity1199 18 MIU/m2 intravenously (IV) preceded by @entity6359 20 mg IV daily for 3 days for six consecutive weeks. Four @entity1 with @entity320 received @entity1199 21.6 MIU/m2 IV preceded by @entity6359 20 mg IV daily for four days every 3 weeks. Peripheral blood lymphocyte counts were measured on the first day of each week of @entity1199 therapy for all @entity1 . Student's t-test was used to compare the highest lymphocyte counts in responding @entity1 vs. non-responders. RESULTS: Four @entity1 experienced either a complete (2) or partial (2) response. Thirteen @entity1 were non-responders. The median lymphocyte count achieved in the responding @entity1 was 4750/mm3 (range: 3100-5314/mm3) compared to the median of 2400/mm3 (range: 1500-4949/mm3) in the non-responders (p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral blood lymphocyte numbers are significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity320 responding to outpatient intravenous @entity1199 preceded by @entity6359 than in non-responders. Further studies using flow cytometry and lymphocyte cytoxicity assays are currently being done.

title: Correlation between lymphocyte counts and response to outpatient intravenous @entity1199 preceded by @entity6359 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6359 :: ('MESH:D015738', 'Chemical') :: ['famotidine', 'Famotidine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2478 :: ('MESH:D019559', 'Disease') :: ['capillary leak" syndrome']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'metastatic melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['metastatic melanoma']


abstract: Antibody inhibition and alpha6beta1 ligand binding experiments indicate that the egg integrin alpha6beta1 functions as a receptor for sperm during gamete fusion; yet, eggs null for the alpha6 integrin exhibit normal fertilization. Alternative integrins may be involved in sperm-egg binding and fusion and could compensate for the absence of alpha6beta1. Various @entity11952 integrins and alphav integrins are present on @entity19 eggs. Some of these integrins are also reported to be receptors for ADAMs, which are expressed on sperm. Using alpha3 integrin null eggs, we found that the alpha3beta1 integrin was not essential for sperm-egg binding and fusion. Oocyte-specific, @entity11952 integrin conditional knockout @entity19 allowed us to obtain mature eggs lacking all @entity11952 integrins. We found that the @entity11952 integrin null eggs were fully functional in fertilization both in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, neither anti-mouse @entity21464 integrin function-blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) nor alphav integrin function-blocking mAb inhibited sperm binding to or fusion with @entity11952 integrin null eggs. Thus, function of @entity21464 or alphav integrins does not seem to be involved in compensating for the absence of @entity11952 integrins. These results indicate that none of the integrins known to be present on @entity19 eggs or to be ADAM receptors are essential for sperm-egg binding/fusion, and thus, egg integrins may not play the role in gamete fusion previously attributed to them.

title: None of the integrins known to be present on the XXXX egg or to be ADAM receptors are essential for sperm-egg binding and fusion.

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Volumetry, measurement of extremity volume, is a commonly used method for upper extremity @entity4269 (UEL) evaluation. However, comparison between different @entity1 with different physiques is difficult with volumetry, because body-type difference greatly affects arm volume. METHODS: Seventy arms of 35 @entity1 who had no history of arm @entity4 or @entity0 were evaluated. Arm volume was calculated using a summed truncated cone model, and UEL index was calculated using circumferences and body mass index (BMI). Examinees' BMI was classified into 3 groups, namely, low BMI (BMI, <20 kg/m), middle BMI (BMI, 20-25 kg/m), and high BMI (BMI, >25 kg/m). Arm volume and UEL index were compared with corresponding BMI groups. RESULTS: Mean (SD) arm volume was 1090.9 (205.5) mL, and UEL index 96.9 (5.6). There were significant differences in arm volume between BMI groups [low BMI vs middle BMI vs high BMI, 945.2 (107.4) vs 1045.2 (87.5) vs 1443.1 (244.4) mL, P < 0.001]. There was no significant difference in UEL index between BMI groups [low BMI vs middle BMI vs high BMI, 97.2 (4.2) vs 96.6 (4.6) vs 96.7 (9.9), P > 0.5]. CONCLUSIONS: Arm volume significantly increased with increase of BMI, whereas UEL index stayed constant regardless of BMI. Upper extremity @entity4269 index would allow better body-type corrected arm volume evaluation compared with arm volumetry.

title: Arm Volumetry Versus Upper XXXX Index: Validity of Upper @entity4269 Index for Body-Type Corrected Arm Volume Evaluation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity4269 :: (MESH:D008209,Disease) :: ['Extremity Lymphedema']


abstract: PURPOSE: From the experience of a large combined series of transperitoneal (TP) and @entity8678 ( @entity8678 ) endoscopic complete and partial nephroureterectomies in @entity1 , we present a logical selective endoscopic approach to benign renal pathology. MATERIALS AND METHODS: During a 5-year period 122 complete nephrectomies and nephroureterectomies (bilateral 2, invisible ectopic 8) and 63 partial nephroureterectomies for duplex (52 upper, 8 lower) or @entity66 ( @entity22301 , cyst 2) were performed. Of the partial nephrectomies, ureterectomy, bladder repair and lower moiety reimplantation were performed in 8. @entity1 age ranged from 2.7 months to 14 years (mean 2.9 years). Preoperative weight ranged from 2.7 to 98 kg (mean 12.3). The position of the renal remnant, the presence or absence of a refluxing ureter and the need for ureterectomy were the major determining factors affecting choice of endoscopic approach. RESULTS: A total of 179 (96.7%) procedures were successfully completed endoscopically. The 6 open conversions (3.2%) occurred early in our experience. The operating time reflected the complexity of the excision and lower urinary reconstruction (lateral and posterior @entity8678 25 to 145 minutes [mean 92]) TP with ureterocelectomy and bladder neck repair 105 to 355 minutes [mean 153]. Hospital stay for @entity8678 and simple TP was 1.5 days (mean 1 to 4) and for complicated TP 2 to 8 days (mean 3.5). CONCLUSIONS: We suggest a posterior @entity8678 approach with isolated renal excision without extended ureterectomy. The lateral @entity8678 approach allows complete ureterectomy as well as better exposure to horseshoe and pelvic kidneys and, therefore, avoids exposure to intraperitoneal structures. Finally, the transperitoneal approach is recommended when complete moiety excision with lower urinary reconstruction is anticipated.

title: Selective approach for transperitoneal and extraperitoneal endoscopic nephrectomy in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity22301 :: ('MESH:D011705', 'Disease') :: ['xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis 1']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['singleton polar disease']

entities_list: @entity8678 :: ('MESH:D012186', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal', 'RP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to evaluate the common utilization of beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors or receptor blockers (RBs) in @entity712 ( @entity712 ). BACKGROUND: We assessed the association between prescriptions of beta-blockers and @entity1289 inhibitors or RBs within three months after hospitalization and mortality for newly diagnosed @entity712 in Alberta, Canada seniors (age 65 years and older). METHODS: Administrative hospital discharge abstracts and drug data during October 1, 1994, to December 31, 1999, were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 11854 hospitalizations for newly diagnosed @entity712 . The use of beta-blockers within three months after hospitalization increased from 7.3% in 1994-1995 to 20.9% in 1999-2000. The use of @entity1289 inhibitor or RBs within three months after hospitalization increased from 31.0% in 1994-1995 to 44.3% in 1999-2000. Adjusted one-year mortality was lower in seniors with prescriptions for beta-blockers (18.2%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 14.2 to 22.2), @entity1289 inhibitors/RBs (22.3%; 95% CI 20.9 to 23.7), or both (16.6%; 95% CI 13.3 to 20.0), compared with those with no prescriptions (29.9%; 95% CI 28.8 to 31.0). Absolute adjusted risk reduction comparing no prescription with prescription of both beta-blockers or @entity1289 inhibitors/RBs was 13.3% for a relative adjusted risk reduction of 44%. CONCLUSIONS: This study of incident @entity712 hospitalizations among seniors demonstrates an association between decreased mortality and the use of beta-blockers, @entity1289 inhibitors/RBs, or combination of both. The effectiveness of beta-blockers and @entity1289 inhibitors/RBs for @entity712 should be more broadly tested in clinical trials that recruit older @entity1 and those with @entity67 .

title: Beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/receptor blockers prescriptions after hospital discharge for XXXX are associated with decreased mortality in Alberta, Canada.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['diastolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: Respiratory motion presents significant challenges for accurate PET/CT. It often introduces apparent increase of lesion size, reduction of measured standardized uptake value (SUV), and the mismatch in PET/CT fusion images. In this study, we developed the motion freeze method to use 100% of the counts collected by recombining the counts acquired from all phases of gated PET data into a single 3D PET data, with correction of respiration by deformable image registration. METHODS: Six @entity1 with diagnosis of @entity2 confirmed by oncologists were recruited. PET/CT scans were performed with Discovery STE system. The 4D PET/CT with the Varian real-time position management for respiratory motion tracking was followed by a clinical 3D PET/CT scan procedure in the static mode. Motion freeze applies the deformation matrices calculated by optical flow method to generate a single 3D effective PET image using the data from all the 4D PET phases. RESULTS: The increase in SUV and decrease in @entity5 size with motion freeze for all lesions compared to the results from 3D and 4D was observed in the preliminary data of @entity2 @entity1 . In addition, motion freeze substantially reduced @entity5 mismatch between the CT image and the corresponding PET images. CONCLUSION: Motion freeze integrating 100% of the PET counts has the potential to eliminate the influences induced by respiratory motion in PET data.

title: Motion freeze for respiration motion correction in PET/CT: a preliminary investigation with XXXX @entity1 data.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: To employ partial 16S rDNA PCR and automated sequencing technique to identify non-culturable causal agents of @entity4008 , 73 peripheral blood samples and 413 culture-negative and eight culture-positive CSF clinical specimens from @entity1 with suspected acute @entity693 were examined for the presence of bacterial genomic DNA employing broad range 16S rDNA PCR followed by sequencing of the amplicons. In blood samples, 63/73 specimens were PCR positive (86.3%) and after direct sequencing of the PCR amplicons, only 12.7% (8/63) gave clear sequencing results and 55/63 (87.3%) were mixed with more than one organism detected. The mixed PCR amplicons were separated by using PAGE and mixed amplicons from 29/55 (52.7%) specimens were successfully identified through sequencing. Of the CSF samples, 8/8 culture-positive samples were also PCR positive and 45/413 (10.9%) of culture-negative gave a strong PCR signal and 88/413 (21.3%) specimens yielded a weak PCR signal. The remaining 280 culture-negative specimens were also PCR negative. Nested PCR was set up for the 88 weak positive samples and yielded 72/88 (81.8%) strong positives, with the remainder failing to amplify 133/413 (32.2%) culture-negative samples were PCR positive. In this study, the most common bacteria identified from blood specimens were @entity3631 , 13/63 (20.6%); Streptococcus spp, 5/63 (7.9%); Acinetobacter spp and Pseudomonas spp 4/63 (6.3%). From culture-negative CSF, the pattern was different in that Staphylococcus spp (13/58, 22.4%), @entity3631 (9/58, 15.52%) and Pseudomonas spp (8/58, 14.79%), were the most frequent. Overall, 16S rRNA broad-range PCR combined with direct DNA sequencing is a valuable molecular tool to aid with the detection as well as identification of non-culturable aetiological agents of acute @entity4008 and can augment cultural methods in the diagnosis of @entity4767 in @entity1 who have been treated with antibiotics. However, this study demonstrates that contamination is an important complication of the molecular assay, which should be attempted to be eliminated through careful laboratory controls. Hence there should be careful interpretation of any molecular finding, in tandem with other laboratory findings, such as culture, immunological and biochemical markers, and the clinical scenario of the @entity1 .

title: Employment of broad range 16S rDNA PCR and sequencing in the detection of aetiological agents of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4767 :: ('MESH:D002494', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system infections']

entities_list: @entity4008 :: ('MESH:D016920', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial meningitis']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity3631 :: ('487', 'Species') :: ['Neisseria meningitidis']

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['meningitis']


abstract: The neurodevelopmental, health, and growth outcomes for 28 six-year-old @entity600 ( @entity600 ) (birth weight less than 1001 gm) @entity1 were compared with those of 26 control @entity1 born at term. The two groups did not differ in mean weight or height, but the @entity600 group had smaller head circumferences (p = 0.015). Kaufman mental processing scores correlated with head circumference (p = 0.0003). Significantly more of the @entity600 @entity1 (61%) had mild or moderate to severe @entity16 compared with control @entity1 (23%) (p = 0.003). Three @entity600 @entity1 had mild @entity306 ; one was blind. Eighteen (64%) of the @entity600 @entity1 had required rehospitalization versus five (20%) of the comparison group. The mean Kaufman Mental Processing Composite was lower for the @entity600 group, but when the data were analyzed by maternal education, only those @entity1 whose mothers had a twelfth-grade education had significantly lower scores (p = 0.0001). A similar pattern of group differences was seen for scores on visual-motor function (p = 0.0045), visual-perceptual abilities (p = 0.003), and attention span (p = 0.0001). No group differences were seen regarding @entity2915 or parental stress. Overall functional disability among the @entity600 @entity1 was considered absent in 46%, mild in 36%, and moderate to severe in 18%. There was a significant association (p = 0.029) between classification of handicap at 12 to 34 months and classification at 6 years. No neonatal factors correlated with 6-year outcome. A significant proportion of @entity600 @entity1 had no severe disabilities, but many had dysfunctions likely to affect learning and behavior in school.

title: Neurodevelopmental, health, and growth status at age 6 years of XXXX with birth weights less than 1001 grams.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic problems']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['extremely low birth weight', 'ELBW']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['spastic diplegia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']