abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity7214 (JA) and auxin are essential hormones in plant development and stress responses. While the two govern distinct physiological processes, their signaling pathways interact at various levels. Recently, members of the @entity958 @entity9634 ( @entity6207 ) amidohydrolase (IAH) family were reported to metabolize @entity34849 ( @entity34849 ), a bioactive form of JA. Here, we characterized three IAH members, @entity66590 , @entity66591 , and @entity59010 , for their function in JA and @entity6207 metabolism and signaling. Expression of all three genes in leaves was up-regulated by wounding or JA, but not by @entity6207 . Purified recombinant proteins showed overlapping but distinct substrate specificities for diverse @entity3689 conjugates of JA and @entity6207 . Perturbed patterns of the endogenous JA profile in plants overexpressing or knocked-out for the three genes were consistent with @entity66591 and @entity59010 , but not @entity66590 , being the JA amidohydrolases. Increased turnover of @entity34849 in the @entity66592 -overexpressing plants created symptoms of @entity942 whereas increased free @entity6207 by overexpression of @entity66590 and @entity59010 made plants hypersensitive to exogenous @entity6207 conjugates. Surprisingly, @entity66591 overexpression rendered plants highly resistant to exogenous @entity6207 conjugates, indicating its interference with @entity6207 conjugate hydrolysis. Fluorescent protein-tagged @entity59010 and @entity66591 co-localized with the endoplasmic reticulum-localized @entity34849 12-hydroxylase, CYP94B3. Together, these results demonstrate that in wounded leaves JA-inducible amidohydrolases contribute to regulate active @entity6207 and @entity34849 levels, promoting auxin signaling while attenuating JA signaling. This mechanism represents an example of a metabolic-level crosstalk between the auxin and JA signaling pathways.

title: Hormone crosstalk in wound stress response: wound-inducible amidohydrolases can simultaneously regulate XXXX and auxin homeostasis in @entity958 .

entities_list: @entity7214 :: ('MESH:C011006', 'Chemical') :: ['Jasmonate']

entities_list: @entity34849 :: ('MESH:C532883', 'Chemical') :: ['JA-Ile', 'jasmonoyl-isoleucine']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity9634 :: ('MESH:C030737', 'Chemical') :: ['indole-3-acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['JA deficiency']

answer: @entity7214 :: (MESH:C011006,Chemical) :: ['jasmonate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Two new subclades of @entity683 became prominent during the 2014-2015 Northern Hemisphere @entity683 season. The HA glycoproteins of these viruses showed sequence changes previously associated with alterations in receptor-binding properties. To address how these changes influence virus propagation, viruses were isolated and propagated in conventional MDCK cells and MDCK-SIAT1 cells, cells with enhanced expression of the @entity1 receptor for the virus, and analysed at each passage. METHODS: Gene sequence analysis was undertaken as virus was passaged in conventional MDCK cells and MDCK-SIAT1 cells. Alterations in receptor recognition associated with passage of virus were examined by haemagglutination assays using red blood cells from @entity840 , @entity233 and @entity1 . Microneutralisation assays were performed to determine how passage-acquired @entity3689 substitutions and polymorphisms affected virus antigenicity. RESULTS: Viruses were able to infect MDCK-SIAT1 cells more efficiently than conventional MDCK cells. Viruses of both the 3C.2a and 3C.3a subclades showed greater sequence change on passage in conventional MDCK cells than in MDCK-SIAT1 cells, with @entity3689 substitutions being seen in both HA and NA glycoproteins. However, virus passage in MDCK-SIAT1 cells at low inoculum dilutions showed reducing infectivity on continued passage. CONCLUSIONS: Current H3N2 viruses should be cultured in the MDCK-SIAT1 cell line to maintain faithful replication of the virus, and at an appropriate multiplicity of infection to retain infectivity.

title: The characteristics and antigenic properties of recently emerged subclade 3C.3a and 3C.2a XXXX @entity683 passaged in MDCK cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A(H3N2) viruses', 'influenza']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Cardiac output (CO) assessed by thermodilution (TD) and indirect Fick (iFK) methods is commonly employed in @entity1002 ( @entity1002 ) @entity1 , however no study has assessed agreement. This study assess correlation between these methods, and association with hemodynamic/echocardiographic data in @entity1002 @entity1 . Discordance was defined as a 20% difference between TD and iFK CO measurements. Bias and agreement were determined via the Bland-Altman technique in both the overall sample and iFK stratified tertiles. Correlation with each assessment of CO and Right Heart Cath (RHC) hemodynamics was performed. Among 111 RHCs, the mean CO for TD and iFK were 4.65    1.33 (Range: 1.44-9.30) and 5.37    1.51 (Range 3.07-11.80) L/min respectively (P<0.001) with a calculated discordance of 45.9%. A correlation coefficient of 0.66 with a bias of -0.72 L/min was found. The lower and upper limit of precision were -3.12 and 1.68 L/min respectively. By tertile analysis, bias (lower and upper limit of precision) for the low, middle and high tertile groups were -0.24 (-1.88 and 1.40), -0.48 (-2.50 and 1.53) and -1.39 (-4.18 and 1.39) L/min respectively. No significant correlation was found between either method with right atrial pressure or pulmonary capillary wedge pressure or any @entity340 . Substantial discrepancies exist between TD and iFK CO in @entity1002 @entity1 . Although fixed bias was small, the limits of agreement extend into the clinically relevant area, with larger bias being present at higher CO. Studies with flow probes are needed to define which method better represents CO in @entity1002 @entity1 .

title: Cardiac Output Assessment in XXXX Supported with Left Ventricular Assist Device: Discordance between Thermodilution and Indirect Fick Cardiac Output Measurements.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['valvular condition']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['Left Ventricular Assist Devices', 'LVAD']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We previously showed that peak @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ) wall stress calculated for @entity439 in vivo is higher at @entity397 than at elective repair. The purpose of this study was to analyze @entity397 risk over time in @entity1 under observation. METHODS: Computed tomography (CT) scans were analyzed for @entity1 with @entity1028 when observation was planned for at least 6 months. @entity1028 wall stress distribution was computationally determined in vivo with CT data, three-dimensional computer modeling, finite element analysis (nonlinear hyperelastic model depicting @entity439 wall behavior), and blood pressure during observation. RESULTS: Analysis included 103 @entity1 and 159 CT scans (mean follow-up, 14 +/- 2 months per CT). Forty-two @entity1 were observed with no intervention for at least 1 year (mean follow-up, 28 +/- 3 months). Elective repair was performed within 1 year in 39 @entity1 , and emergent repair was performed in 22 @entity1 (mean, 6 +/- 1 month after CT) for @entity397 (n = 14) or acute severe @entity158 . Significant differences were found for initial diameter (observation, 4.9 +/-.1 cm; elective repair, 5.9 +/-.1 cm; emergent repair, 6.1 +/-.2 cm; P <.0001) and initial peak wall stress (38 +/- 1 N/cm(2), 42 +/- 2 n/cm(2), 58 +/- 4 N/cm(2), respectively; P <.0001), but peak wall stress appeared to better differentiate @entity1 who later required emergent repair (elective vs emergent repair: diameter, 3% difference, P =.5; stress, 38% difference, P <.0001). Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves for predicting @entity397 were better for peak wall stress (sensitivity, 94%; specificity,81%; accuracy, 85% [with 44 N/cm(2) threshold]) than for diameter (81%, 70%, 73%, respectively [with optimal 5.5 cm threshold). With proportional hazards analysis, peak wall stress (relative risk, 25x) and gender (relative risk, 3x) were the only significant independent predictors of @entity397 . CONCLUSIONS: For AAAs under observation, peak @entity1028 wall stress seems superior to diameter in differentiating @entity1 who will experience catastrophic outcome. Elevated wall stress associated with @entity397 is not simply an acute event near the time of @entity397 .

title: Prediction of @entity397 risk in XXXX during observation: wall stress versus diameter.

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'AAA']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Incidence and mortality rates of @entity14 in the Czech Republic are one of the highest in the world since over 7,500 @entity1 are diagnosed yearly. About 25% of @entity1 are diagnosed in clinical stage IV and in average more than 50% of @entity1 who are diagnosed initially with resectable disease will relapse sooner or later. Management of palliative treatment of @entity14 therefore is becoming of a great importance. OBSERVATION: We designed a study protocol in 2005 and 16 @entity1 with metastatic @entity14 were treated accordingly in the first line setting with XELIRI regimen (capecitabin, irinotecan) + bevacizumab. The regimen has proven high antitumor effectiveness (78% responses to treatment, median TTP: 12 months, 1-year survival reached 100% of @entity1 ) and excellent tolerance. No serious grade G3 or G4 @entity137 was observed. Increase of blood pressure was observed sporadically within the group. We present below the case of 55 year old @entity1 who underwent treatment of 4 cycles of XELIRI + bevacizumab and reached complete remission of the disease which lasted over the next 9 months (TTP 13 months). CONCLUSION: Successful choice of a regimen of the first line treatment determines the next course of a disease including duration of @entity1 's overall survival. We have confirmed within our pivotal population that combination treatment XELIRI + bevacizumab is a very effective and well tolerated regimen moreover suitable for administration at outpatient setting.

title: [Bevacizumab in combination with capecitabine and irinotecan (XELIRI) in treatment of metastatic XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal malignancies', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: The clinical values of coils embolization in the treatment of @entity2702 ( @entity2702 ) and related complications were investigated. Eleven @entity1 with PAVMs verified by pulmonary arterial angiography were treated by transcatheter coils embolization. Chest X-ray (11 cases), computer tomography (7 cases) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (2 cases) were performed before embolization. Blood-gas analysis was done in 5 cases before and after embolization. The follow-up materials of 8 @entity1 were collected to evaluate the effect of embolization with coils. The clinical manifestations included @entity999 , hemoptysis and decreased oxygenation in 9 @entity1 and the remaining 2 had no symptoms. 9/11 cases were found by chest X-ray and 8 were diagnosed definitely. 7/7, 2/2 cases were diagnosed by CT or MR and diagnosis was made in all cases. Embolization was performed in 29 vessels. Partial pressure of @entity26 in arterial blood of 5 cases changed significantly before and after embolization. Slight complications occurred in 6 @entity1 , such as low fever, @entity662 , @entity5641 . The follow-up results showed that 7 cases were cured effectively. No primary and secondary device migration, and no medical paradoxical embolization occurred. It was concluded that coils embolization is a well-established method for treating PAVMs. It is a minimally invasive lung preserving treatment with high efficiency and less complication.

title: Percutaneous transluminal embolization with coils-treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity999 :: ('MESH:D020766', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral embolus']

entities_list: @entity2702 :: ('MESH:C562404', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary arteriovenous malformations', 'PAVM']

answer: @entity2702 :: (MESH:C562404,Disease) :: ['pulmonary arteriovenous malformations']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT) commonly leads to incomplete cell death and the fate of persistent cells involves, in part, a senescent phenotype. Senescence is terminal growth arrest in response to cell stress that is characterized by increased @entity2315 ( @entity1194 ) the origin of senescence associated-b-gal activity (SA-b-gal). In the current study senescence is examined in vivo after ADT use in a neoadjuvant trial. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Tissue microarrays were generated from @entity263 specimens (n = 126) from a multicenter neoadjuvant ADT trial. Arrays were subjected to multiplexed immunofluorescent staining for @entity1194 , Ki67, cleaved caspase 3 (CC3) and @entity5962 . Automated quantitative imaging was performed using Vectra    and expression correlated with clinicopathologic features. RESULTS: Tissue was analyzed from 59 @entity1 treated with neoadjuvant ADT and 67 receiving no therapy preoperatively. Median follow-up was 85.3 mo and median ADT treatment was 5 mo. In PC treated with neoadjuvant ADT, @entity1194 expression increased in intermediate Gleason score (GS 6-7; p = 0.001), but not high grade (GS 8-10) cancer. Significantly higher levels of @entity1194 were seen in tissues undergoing neoadjuvant ADT longer than 5 months compared to untreated tissues (p = 0.002). In contrast, apoptosis significantly increased earlier (1-4 mo) after ADT treatment (p<0.5). CONCLUSIONS: Increased @entity1194 after neoadjuvant ADT occurs primarily among more clinically favorable intermediate grade @entity5 and enrichment of the phenotype occurs in a temporally prolonged fashion. Senescence may explain the persistence of PCa cells after ADT. Given concerns for the detrimental longer term presence of senescent cells, targeting these cells for removal may improve outcomes.

title: Persistence of senescent XXXX cells following prolonged neoadjuvant @entity342 deprivation therapy.

entities_list: @entity2315 :: ('MESH:D016464', 'Disease') :: ['lysosomal-b-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['Androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy between total ureterectomy and partial ureterectomy in treatment of @entity1698 . METHODS: The clinical data and follow-up results of 102 @entity1 with ureteral @entity189 from August 1996 to August 2011 were analyzed retrospectively. According to surgical procedures, the @entity1 were divided into total ureterectomy group (61 cases) and partial ureterectomy group (41 cases). The subsequent @entity150 incidence, @entity1698 recurrence rate, distant @entity3 rate and survival rate were compared between two groups. The prognostic factors of @entity1698 were analyzed by multivariable Cox regression. RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 (31.1%) suffered subsequent @entity150 in total ureterectomy group, and 10 (24.4%) in partial ureterectomy group(     = 0.550, P = 0.458). Ten @entity1 (16.4%) re-suffered contralateral @entity1698 in total ureterectomy group, and 6 (14.6%) in partial ureterectomy group, 2 (4.9%) ipsilateral and 4 (9.7%) contralateral (     = 0.057, P = 0.811). Eight @entity1 (13.1%) occurred distant @entity3 in total ureterectomy group, and 3 (7.3%) in partial ureterectomy group (     = 0.360, P = 0.549). Twenty @entity1 died of @entity189 in total ureterectomy group, and 18 in partial ureterectomy group. The median survival time was 78 months in total ureterectomy group, and 75 months in partial ureterectomy group. The 1-year, 3-year and 5-year survival rates in total ureterectomy group were 97.8%, 76.8% and 63.6%, and in partial ureterectomy group were 93.0%, 66.9% and 58.8%. The multivariable Cox regression analysis revealed that @entity5 stage (RR = 2.468, P = 0.009) and local lymph node status (RR = 3.081, P = 0.020) were independent prognostic factors of @entity1698 . The 5-year survival rate of Ta-2 stage @entity5 was 73.4%, and of T3-4 stage was 42.8%. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 stage and local lymph node status are key prognostic factors of @entity1698 . The efficacy between total ureterectomy and partial ureterectomy in treating early stage of low @entity1698 is similar. Partial ureterectomy can be used in selective @entity1 .

title: [Comparison of efficacy between total ureterectomy and partial ureterectomy in the treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1698 :: ('MESH:D014516', 'Disease') :: ['ureteral carcinoma']

answer: @entity1698 :: (MESH:D014516,Disease) :: ['ureteral carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Because @entity3041 and reflux are reversible, we believe @entity393 represents true @entity177 in @entity1 with @entity3570 . Our goal was to better define risk factors for @entity393 . METHODS: After institutional review board approval, we reviewed the medical records of 272 @entity1 with @entity3570 . The following factors were evaluated: age, sex, renal and bladder imaging, urodynamic parameters, medications, catheterization program, continence, @entity281 , and surgical history. Renal @entity393 was defined by scarring or a differential function greater than 15% using a nuclear scan. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to test the associations of specific variables with @entity393 . RESULTS: Renal @entity393 was found in 41% of @entity1 with high-grade reflux vs. 2% of @entity1 without reflux. Univariate analysis showed only high-grade reflux and female sex to be independent risk factors. Controlling for age and sex, reflux and initiation of catheterization after 1 year of age are significant risk factors. High bladder pressure and @entity3041 in the absence of reflux were not associated with @entity393 . Multivariate analysis showed that @entity1 with reflux have a 55-fold increased risk of @entity393 . CONCLUSION: By limiting the @entity177 to @entity393 , we identified relevant risk factors: reflux, female sex, and delayed initiation of clean intermittent catheterization. We have also discounted other suspected risk factors: @entity3041 and elevated bladder pressure. Rather than continuing our focus on @entity3041 and urodynamics, we believe more research and management debate should be afforded to females with reflux.

title: XXXX in @entity1 with @entity3570 : analysis of risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity3570 :: ('MESH:D016135', 'Disease') :: ['spinal dysraphism']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal deterioration', 'definition of renal deterioration']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['cortical loss']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['Renal cortical deterioration']


abstract: The antiemetic efficacy of @entity3974 and @entity619 (Ondex) was randomly compared to that of high-dose @entity1769 , @entity619 , and @entity18362 (Control) in the prevention of @entity391 induced by @entity786 - @entity632 chemotherapy in 64 chemotherapy-naive @entity0 @entity1 . For the control of acute @entity391 (day 1), @entity1 were randomized to receive either ondasetron 8 mg p.o. 1 hour prior to chemotherapy (CT) and repeated after 6 and 12 hours plus @entity619 20 mg i.v. 40 minutes prior to CT (Ondex) or @entity619 20 mg i.v. 40 minutes prior to CT, @entity18362 40 mg i.m. 35 minutes prior to CT and @entity1769 3 mg/kg i.v. 30 minutes prior to CT and repeated after 90 minutes followed by 40 mg p.o. every 3 hours for 4 times (Control). To control delayed @entity391 , @entity1 on Ondex received @entity3974 8 mg PO t.i.d. days 2 and 3 and @entity1 in the Control arm received @entity1769 0.5 mg/kg p.o. q.i.d. and @entity619 8 mg i.m. b.i.d. days 2 and 3. Complete and major control of acute @entity391 was observed in 74%/94% and 44%/67% of @entity1 treated with Ondex and Control, respectively (p < .01/p < .005). Acute @entity390 was absent in 38% and 34% of @entity1 treated with Ondex and Control, respectively (p = NS). Complete and major control of delayed @entity391 (days 2-5) was observed in 65%/91% versus 44%/66% of @entity1 in the Ondex and Control arms, respectively (p = NS/p < .01). In @entity1 receiving 6 courses of FEC/ @entity7366 , control of acute @entity391 was significantly superior with Ondex at all treatment courses.

title: @entity3974 and @entity619 versus standard combination antiemetic therapy. A randomized trial for the prevention of acute and delayed @entity391 induced by @entity786 - XXXX chemotherapy and maintenance of antiemetic effect at subsequent courses.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3974 :: ('MESH:D017294', 'Chemical') :: ['ondansetron']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1769 :: ('MESH:D008787', 'Chemical') :: ['metoclopramide']

entities_list: @entity18362 :: ('MESH:D009966', 'Chemical') :: ['orphenadrine']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: PURPOSE: Intensive management is generally recommended for @entity359 associated with @entity2916 ( @entity2916 ), which are known to have a more aggressive nature than @entity5 . In this study we evaluated the management of these @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: The records of 6 @entity1 and 6 @entity1 with @entity2916 and a mean age of 28.8 years) with @entity359 treated from 1984 to 2000 were retrospectively analyzed. All @entity1 had bilateral @entity5 (mean size 6.6 cm). There were 10 lesions classified as small (less than 4 cm), 6 medium (4 to 10 cm) and 8 large lesions (10 cm or greater). Computerized tomography was repeated annually for followup observation and semiannually after embolization. RESULTS: Excluding from study 3 @entity5 treated prophylactically intervention was required in 20%, 50% and 100% of small, medium and large @entity5 , respectively. Among 14 @entity5 followed by observation, 8 grew and 4 required intervention. Uncontrollable @entity548 did not develop in any @entity1 . While some @entity5 showed remarkable growth in decade 3, growth did not exceed 1.5 cm per year. Embolization was performed in 11 @entity5 and @entity5 shrank in 10. Although 1 @entity1 experienced @entity8 , all @entity1 but 1 are alive without @entity177 with a mean followup of 60 months. CONCLUSIONS: Although asymptomatic @entity359 associated with @entity2916 grow gradually, severe @entity548 is rare and most @entity5 can be managed conservatively with annual computerized tomography. Embolization is the first choice of intervention but should be reserved until symptoms develop.

title: Management of @entity8 associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal atrophy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['sporadic tumors', 'multiple tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis complex', 'TSC']

entities_list: @entity359 :: ('MESH:D018207', 'Disease') :: ['angiomyolipomas']

answer: @entity2916 :: (MESH:D014402,Disease) :: ['tuberous sclerosis complex']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1737 ( @entity1737 ) is a neuromuscular @entity792 , where antibodies against the @entity934 receptor destroy this receptor. The role of thymectomy in the treatment of @entity1737 remains controversial. Because of the frequent association with other @entity792 , we hypothesized that @entity1 with multiple autoantibodies (autoAbs) might have a lower chance of reaching complete stable remission after thymectomy. We analyzed sera of 85 @entity1737 @entity1 who underwent a thymectomy between April 2004 and December 2012. We used four different immunodot kits (D- @entity878 , Mons, Belgium): ANA25 Quantrix, Synthetase 10 Diver, @entity5442 7 Diver and Liver 10 profile Diver, all automatized on the BlueDiver Instrument (D- @entity878 ). The @entity1737 Foundation of America (MGFA) postintervention status was used to determine the outcome after thymectomy. AutoAbs other than anti- @entity934 receptor (AChR) antibodies were detected in 29.4% of the @entity1 of whom 16.5% clinically had a second @entity792 . In none of the seronegative @entity1 other autoAbs were detected. No significant difference was observed in the 3-years remission rate after thymectomy in @entity1 with or without antibodies other than anti-AChR antibodies. Although these autoAbs do not predict outcome in our @entity1737 @entity1 cohort, screening for multiple autoAbs in @entity1737 @entity1 might be warranted to identify @entity1 with additional @entity792 .

title: Do associated auto-antibodies influence the outcome of XXXX after thymectomy?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1737 :: ('MESH:D009157', 'Disease') :: ['MG', 'Myasthenia gravis', 'Myasthenia Gravis']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1737 :: (MESH:D009157,Disease) :: ['myasthenia gravis']


abstract: Both pseudocyesis and delusional pregnancy are said to be rare syndromes, but are reported frequently in developing countries. A distinction has been made between the two syndromes, but the line of demarcation is blurred. The aim of this paper is to review recent cases of pseudocyesis/delusional pregnancy in order to learn more about biopsychosocial antecedents. The recent world literature (2000-2014) on this subject ( @entity1 only) was reviewed, making no distinction between pseudocyesis and delusional pregnancy. Eighty case histories were found, most of them originating in developing countries. Fifty @entity1 had been given a diagnosis of @entity716 , although criteria for making the diagnosis were not always clear. The psychological antecedents included ambivalence about pregnancy, relationship issues, and loss. Very frequently, pseudocyesis/delusional pregnancy occurred when a married couple was infertile and living in a pronatalist society. The @entity249 was attributed to the @entity1 , which resulted in her experiencing substantial distress and discrimination. When antipsychotic medication was used to treat @entity716 symptoms in these @entity1 , it led to high prolactin levels and apparent manifestations of pregnancy, such as @entity2588 and @entity6726 , thus reinforcing a false conviction of pregnancy. Developing the erroneous belief that one is pregnant is an understandable process, making the delusion of pregnancy a useful template against which to study the evolution of other, less explicable delusions.

title: Pseudocyesis, delusional pregnancy, and XXXX : The birth of a delusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity6726 :: ('MESH:D005687', 'Disease') :: ['galactorrhea']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity716 :: (MESH:D011605,Disease) :: ['psychosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: More Americans are managing multiple chronic conditions (MCCs), and trends are particularly alarming in youth. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and distribution of 9 chronic conditions in @entity1 and adolescents with and without @entity565 , and adverse @entity565 outcomes associated with having MCCs. METHODS: Cross-sectional interview data from the National Health Interview Survey were analyzed (N  = 66,790) between 2007 and 2012 in youth 0 to 17 years of age. Bivariate analysis methods and multivariate generalized linear regression were used to examine associations. RESULTS: Five percent of @entity1 with @entity565 had 1 or more coexisting health conditions. The prevalence of 1 or more comorbidities was greater among those with @entity565 than those without (5.07% [95% CI: 4.5-5.6] vs 2.73% [95% CI: 2.6-2.9]). Those with @entity565 were twice as likely to have co-occurring @entity101 (prevalence ratio [PR]  = 2.2 [95% CI: 1.5-3.2]) and @entity625 (PR  = 2.7 [95% CI: 1.8-4.0]) compared with those without @entity565 . Every additional chronic condition with @entity565 was associated with a greater likelihood of an @entity565 attack (PR  = 1.1 [95% CI: 1.0-1.2]), all-cause emergency department visits (PR  = 1.3 [95% CI: 1.1-1.5]), and missed school days (PR  =  2.3 [95% CI: 1.7-3.2]). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 and adolescents with @entity565 in the US who suffer from MCCs have increased @entity565 symptoms, missed school days, and all-cause emergency department visits. Further research on optimal management strategies for this group is needed.

title: Asthma outcomes in XXXX and adolescents with multiple morbidities: Findings from the National Health Interview Survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity4002 pose a special challenge to veterinary authorities due to complex and time-consuming surveillance programs taking into account vector habitat. Using stochastic scenario tree modelling, each possible surveillance activity of a future surveillance system can be evaluated with regard to its sensitivity and the expected cost. The overall sensitivity of various potential surveillance systems, composed of different combinations of surveillance activities, is calculated and the proposed surveillance system is optimized with respect to the considered surveillance activities, the sensitivity and the cost. The objective of this project was to use stochastic scenario tree modelling in combination with a simple cost analysis in order to develop the national surveillance system for @entity30661 in Switzerland. This surveillance system was established due to the emerging outbreak of @entity30661 serotype 8 (BTV-8) in Northern Europe in 2006. Based on the modelling results, it was decided to implement an improved passive clinical surveillance in @entity291 and @entity742 through campaigns in order to increase disease awareness alongside a targeted bulk milk testing strategy in 200 dairy @entity291 herds located in high-risk areas. The estimated median probability of detection of cases (i.e. sensitivity) of the surveillance system in this combined approach was 96.4%. The evaluation of the prospective national surveillance system predicted that passive clinical surveillance in @entity291 would provide the highest probability to detect BTV-8 infected animals, followed by passive clinical surveillance in @entity742 and bulk milk testing of 200 dairy @entity291 farms in high-risk areas. This approach is also applicable in other countries and to other @entity66 .

title: Establishing a cost-effective national surveillance system for XXXX using scenario tree modelling.

entities_list: @entity4002 :: ('MESH:D011778', 'Disease') :: ['Vector-borne diseases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['epidemic diseases']

entities_list: @entity30661 :: ('40051', 'Species') :: ['Bluetongue', 'Bluetongue virus']

answer: @entity30661 :: (40051,Species) :: ['Bluetongue']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many Gulf War I veterans report ongoing negative health consequences. The constellation of @entity158 , fatigue, and concentration/memory disturbances is referred to as "Gulf @entity221 ." Prior research suggests that mindfulness-based stress reduction may be beneficial for these symptoms, but mindfulness-based stress reduction has not been studied for veterans with Gulf @entity221 . The objective of this trial was to conduct a pilot study of mindfulness-based stress reduction for veterans with Gulf @entity221 . METHODS: Veterans (N  = 55) with Gulf @entity221 were randomly assigned to treatment as usual plus mindfulness-based stress reduction or treatment as usual only. Mindfulness-based stress reduction was delivered in 8 weekly 2.5-hour sessions plus a single 7-hour weekend session. @entity158 were the primary outcomes, assessed at baseline, after mindfulness-based stress reduction, and 6  months follow-up. Secondary outcomes included symptoms of @entity1005 and @entity308 . RESULTS: In intention-to-treat analyses, at 6-month follow-up, veterans randomized to mindfulness-based stress reduction plus treatment as usual reported greater reductions in @entity158 (f  = 0.33; P  = .049), fatigue (f  = 0.32; P  = .027), and @entity73 (f  = 0.40; P < .001). @entity308 showed a greater decline after mindfulness-based stress reduction (f  = 0.22; P  = .050) and at 6 months (f  = 0.27; P  = .031) relative to treatment as usual only. Veterans with @entity1005 at baseline randomized to mindfulness-based stress reduction plus treatment as usual experienced significantly greater reductions in symptoms of @entity1005 after mindfulness-based stress reduction (f  = 0.44; P  = .005) but not at 6 months follow-up (f  = 0.31; P  = .082). CONCLUSIONS: Mindfulness-based stress reduction in addition to treatment as usual is associated with significant improvements in self-reported symptoms of Gulf @entity221 , including @entity158 , and @entity308 .

title: Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction in Addition to Usual Care Is Associated with Improvements in @entity158 , Fatigue, and XXXX Among Veterans with Gulf War Illness.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive failures']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain, fatigue, cognitive failures', 'Pain, fatigue, and cognitive failures', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['War illness']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['Cognitive Failures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pneumoperitoneum causes intracranial pressure elevation and blood @entity3179 at lower extremities. This study investigates cerebral @entity26 saturation changes during laparoscopy and the effects of intermittent sequential compression (ISC) of the lower extremities in @entity1 during elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy. @entity1 AND METHOD: Sixty @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups according to the application of ISC to the lower extremities. Group I served as control group whereas ISC was applied to group II. Cerebral @entity26 saturation, peripheral blood @entity26 saturation, heart rate, mean blood pressure, and associated changes have been recorded during the operation. RESULTS: Peripheral blood @entity26 saturation and mean blood pressure values did not change significantly after @entity516 . Cerebral @entity26 saturation levels of the group II @entity1 were higher in than the group I @entity1 and the difference between the groups was statistically significant (p = 0.0001). The difference became more prominent following the 35(th) minute of the operation. Mean heart rate of the @entity1 in group II was lower than the @entity1 in group I and the difference was also statistically significant (p = 0.0001). CONCLUSION: In this study, it was found that the decrease in cerebral @entity26 saturation was recovered with ISC application. This simple and reliable technique helps to restore cerebral @entity26 saturation levels while increasing blood return from the lower extremities.

title: Intermittent pneumatic sequential compression of the lower extremities restores the cerebral XXXX saturation during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity516 :: ('MESH:D011027', 'Disease') :: ['pneumoperitoneum']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: @entity1854 ( @entity4982 ) has been widely used to control blood pressure in @entity1 and @entity1 . The goals of this analysis were to develop models that describe the hemodynamic response to @entity4982 dosing in pediatric @entity1 ; examine sources of variation in dose-response, defining age, and size dependencies; and determine vulnerable populations or @entity1 subtypes that may elicit dosing modifications. A multi-center, randomized, double-blinded, parallel-group, dose-ranging, effect-controlled study, followed by an open-label dose titration of an intravenous infusion of @entity4982 was undertaken in 203 pediatric subjects, who required deliberate @entity551 or controlled normotension during anesthesia. A total of 3464 MAP measurements collected from 202 @entity1 during the study's blinded phase, including baseline measurements up to 6 min prior to the blinded were available for analysis. A population K-PD model was developed with a one-compartment model assumed for @entity4982 . Size differences in CL and V of the effect compartment were described using theory-based allometry. An inhibitory sigmoidal Emax model was used to describe the effect of @entity4982 . A power function of age was used to describe age-related differences in baseline MAP. A mixture model of two groups with low and high EC50 was used to explain variability in MAP response. Change in MAP was characterized by a linear disease progression slope during the blinded phase. In the final population model, CL and V increased with weight, and baseline MAP increased with age. The effect compartment half-life of @entity4982 was 13.4 min. The infusion rate producing 50% of Emax (ER50) at steady state for high EC50, was 0.34  g/kg/min and for low EC50 0.103  g/kg/min. The K-PD model well-describes initial dosing of @entity4982 under controlled circumstances; model-based dosing guidance agrees with current practice. An initial titration strategy supported via algorithm-based feedback should improve maintenance of target MAP.

title: A hemodynamic model to guide blood pressure control during deliberate @entity551 with XXXX in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity1854 :: ('MESH:D009599', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium nitroprusside']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity1854 :: (MESH:D009599,Chemical) :: ['sodium nitroprusside']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim was to describe the regulatory B and T cells (Breg and Treg) and T helper 17 (Th17) lymphocytes before and under treatment with biologic drugs, and to assess their potential predictive value as biomarkers of response in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: This was a non-randomised, single-centre, prospective study. @entity1 with active @entity309 (American College of Rheumatology (ACR)/European League Against @entity627 (EULAR) 2010) who required the initiation or switch to any biologic drug except rituximab were included. The main judgement criterion was the frequency and absolute number of @entity11707 (hi) @entity2731 (+) Breg and @entity11707 (hi) @entity3053 (hi) T2/Breg cells, @entity2902 (hi)CD127(low) Treg and CD45RA(-)CD161(+)CCR6(+) Th17 cells measured at inclusion in both @entity1 and controls, and after 1, 3 and 6  months of treatment (M1, M3 and M6) in @entity1 with @entity309 , and compared with the M6 response to treatment (EULAR response and Disease Activity Score in 28 joints (DAS28) remission). RESULTS: Thirty-one @entity1 with @entity309 and 17 controls were included. There was a reduction in T2/Breg frequency at M0 in @entity1 (p   <   0.001) and absolute numbers (p   =   0.014) and in immunopositive vs. immunonegative @entity309 (p   =   0.016). DAS28 remission at M6 was associated with increased frequency of Treg (p   =   0.01). A higher level of @entity11707 (hi) @entity2731 (+) Breg at baseline was associated with DAS28 remission at M6 (p   =   0.04) and a good EULAR response at M6 for abatacept-treated @entity1 (p   =   0.01). A lower M0 level of Th17 was associated with a good EULAR response at M6 (p   =   0.007), notably under anti-cytokine drugs (p   =   0.048). CONCLUSIONS: Altogether, these data, although preliminary, suggest that phenotyping of T and B cells has potential value for the stratification of biologic drugs, notably with respect to choosing between abatacept and anti-cytokine blockade.

title: Th17 and @entity11707 (hi) @entity2731 (+) regulatory B lymphocytes are biomarkers of response to biologics in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: This study was designed to examine the psychological benefits of anaerobic exercise for older adults. Specifically, strength training was employed to examine the effects on mood and @entity148 in a group of healthy but sedentary older @entity1 . 36 @entity1 (mean age = 68.5 yr.) were randomly assigned to groups given high intensity or moderate intensity strength training or to a control group. Strength training was conducted three days a week for 12 weeks. After the training period, both high and moderate strength-training programs produced marked improvements in muscle strength and body composition compared to the control subjects. The average improvements in the high and moderate intensity strength-training groups for muscle strength were 40.5 and 35.5%, respectively, and for percent body fat 1.52 and 2.50%, respectively. As for psychological changes, both training groups significantly improved positive mood (vigor), and the moderate intensity group significantly reduced trait @entity148 compared to means of the control group. Also, both training groups showed some decrease in tension and state @entity148 after the training period. These findings provide evidence for the effectiveness of anaerobic training to enhance perception of psychological well-being in older @entity1 . A moderate intensity rather than high intensity of training regimen may be more beneficial for sedentary older @entity1 to improve @entity458 .

title: Comparison of high and moderate intensity of strength training on mood and XXXX in older adults.

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological health']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: The aim of this study is a next step of our previous, initial, publications--to explore the links between monthly death number (total, and for the major death causes and each gender) with levels of monthly cosmophysical activity in a long-term, big cohort observation. METHODS: Death number during 180 consecutive months from the National Registry of Lithuania for years 1990-2004 were studied. A total of 630,205 @entity204 were analyzed (333,035 males). For comparison, monthly indices of solar activity, geomagnetic activity, and cosmic ray activity and year and month (1-12) of the study were used. The cosmophysical data were obtained from space research centers in the USA, Russia, and Finland. Statistics. Pearson correlation coefficients (r) and their probabilities (P) between compared parameters were calculated. A multivariate model of prediction was designed. RESULTS: It was a significant correlation between @entity204 number and indices of cosmic ray activity and, inverse, of solar activity; in @entity1 stronger than in @entity1 . Monthly geomagnetic activity was significantly correlated with traffic accidents, @entity741 / @entity64 ratio, suicide victim number. @entity204 from @entity64 , noncardiovascular causes, suicide, traffic accidents were related with cosmic ray activity and, inverse, with solar activity. Relationship of @entity741 / @entity64 ratio to year of observation showed additional evidence for the growing role of @entity64 in cardiovascular mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Monthly death number is linked to cosmic ray activity, and inverse, to solar activity. Central place of @entity64 -related @entity204 in cardiovascular mortality is emerging. Geomagnetic activity, in monthly account, plays a relatively minor role. We presume that forces antagonistic to cosmic ray activity, like solar activity and geomagnetic activity, can prevent some negative biologic effects of cosmic ray.

title: Clinical cosmobiology: distribution of XXXX during 180 months and cosmophysical activity. The Lithuanian study, 1990-2004. The role of cosmic rays.

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['total monthly death', 'deaths', 'Deaths']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['deaths']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity376 -specific demethylase 1( @entity34860 ) is implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression in @entity5 . However, the expression of @entity34860 in @entity43 and its clinical significance has not been examined in detail. METHODS: Immunohistochemical was used to detect the expression of @entity34860 in normal ovarian epithelial tissues, @entity9296 , @entity9296 , and @entity7157 . Next, the correlations between expression of @entity34860 and clinicopathological features was assessed in 96 species of @entity19862 and 36 species of @entity4347 . RESULTS: Immunohistochemical results showed that the expression of @entity34860 was gradually increased from benign @entity9296 and @entity9296 to @entity7157 . The positive ratio of @entity34860 expression was 50% in normal ovarian epithelial tissues, 72% in @entity12679 , 73% in @entity8940 , 82% in borderline @entity12679 , 83% in borderline @entity8940 , 94% in @entity19862 and 92% in @entity4347 , respectively. @entity34860 expression levels were associated with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage and lymphatic @entity3 in both serous and @entity4347 samples. Kaplan-Meier curves suggested that overall survival time of @entity1 with high @entity34860 expression was significantly shorter than that of @entity1 with low @entity34860 expression. Multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression indicated that higher @entity34860 expression was a significant independent predictor of poor survival of EOC @entity1 (P   =   0.016). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity34860 may be involved in @entity105 and progression with promising therapeutic potential for @entity43 .

title: Expression of XXXX -specific demethylase 1 in @entity1 @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['various cancers']

entities_list: @entity4347 :: ('MESH:D018282', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cystadenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['Lysine']

entities_list: @entity19862 :: ('MESH:D018284', 'Disease') :: ['serous cystadenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity8940 :: ('MESH:D018291', 'Disease') :: ['mucinous cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity9296 :: ('MESH:D003537', 'Disease') :: ['borderline cystadenoma', 'cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity12679 :: ('MESH:D018293', 'Disease') :: ['serous cystadenoma']

entities_list: @entity7157 :: ('MESH:D003536', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity376 :: (CHEBI:25094,Chemical) :: ['Lysine']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 446 Background: Despite the development of prognostic algorithms based on clinico-pathologic features, the ability to identify @entity146 forms of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) remains suboptimal. Topoisomerase IIA ( @entity14583 ) is a biomarker of DNA replication and a target for antineoplastic agents. Herein, we evaluate the association of @entity14583 expression in @entity1358 @entity5 with pathologic features of @entity146 and risk of @entity5 . METHODS: We identified 947 @entity1 who underwent nephrectomy to treat clinically localized @entity1358 between January 16, 1990, and September 27, 2006. @entity14583 expression was assessed using IHC and scored as number of positive cells per mm(2). We evaluated @entity14583 expression using a continuous variable and tertile categories. For associations with pathologic features, we employed Kruskal-Wallis tests and for associations with @entity5 -specific survival, we generated @entity797 proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS: HigherTOP2a expression is associated with later stage, higher grade and higher Mayo SSIGN score (all p < 0.001). The risk of @entity204 from RCC increases with increasing @entity14583 expression (p trend < 0.0001). Compared to @entity1 in the lowest tertile, those @entity1 with @entity5 in the highest tertile of @entity14583 expression were at increased risk of @entity204 (HR=2.31 95% CI 1.64-3.25; p < 0.0001). Interestingly, among those @entity1 with @entity258 (SSIGN score 0-3; ~95% 10 year survival), those with high @entity14583 were at increased risk of @entity204 (HR=3.09 95% CI 1.29-7.40; p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Higher @entity14583 expression is associated with more @entity146 pathologic features and increased risk of @entity5 among @entity1 undergoing surgery for localized @entity1358 . If confirmed, these data support further inquiry for @entity14583 as a prognostic and predictive biomarker for @entity1358 @entity1 .

title: Association of topoisomerase II expression and @entity5 in XXXX with surgically resected @entity1358 .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive', 'aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer-specific death', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low risk disease']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell renal cell carcinoma', 'ccRCC']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['RCC death', 'death']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spleen-preserving distal pancreatectomy with resection of the splenic vessels (VR-SPDP) is an effective procedure. However, hemodynamic changes in splenogastric circulation may lead to the development of @entity2312 ( @entity2312 ) with a risk of @entity360 . This retrospective study aimed to assess the long-term postoperative clinical follow-up of @entity1 and review the late postoperative abdominal computed tomography (CT) or endoscopic examination. METHODS: From 1988 to 2015, 48 consecutive VR-SPDP for benign or low-grade @entity5 were included. Late postoperative follow-up was undertaken with the use of a prospective database and assessment undertaken by CT and/or endoscopy. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 76 months (range: 12-334 months). Two @entity1 were lost to follow-up. @entity360 occurred in one @entity1 . Endoscopy and abdominal CT showed submucosal @entity2312 in five @entity1 . Ten @entity1 had perigastric varices (27%), but none developed clinical complications from their varices. All varices occurred within one year after distal pancreatectomy and remained stable during follow-up. DISCUSSION: Asymptomatic varices frequently occurred in @entity1 who underwent VR-SPDP, but bleeding risk seemed low. Abdominal CT could identify @entity2312 and distinguish submucosal varices with a higher risk of @entity356 .

title: XXXX risk following spleen preserving distal pancreatectomy with excision of the splenic vessels: a  long-term follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity2312 :: ('MESH:D004932', 'Disease') :: ['GV', 'gastric varices']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['Gastrointestinal hemorrhage', 'gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric bleeding']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric bleeding']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Results from clinical trials have established @entity2240 as a standard of care for first-line treatment of advanced or metastatic @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ); however, many @entity1 , particularly those with a poorer prognosis, do not meet inclusion criteria and little is known about the activity of @entity2240 in these subgroups. The primary objective of this trial was to provide @entity2240 on a compassionate-use basis to trial-ineligible @entity1 with @entity1358 from countries where regulatory approval had not been granted. METHODS: Previously treated and treatment-naive @entity1 at least 18 years of age with metastatic @entity1358 were eligible. All @entity1 received open-label @entity2240 50 mg orally once daily on schedule 4-2 (4 weeks on treatment, 2 weeks off). Safety was assessed regularly, @entity5 measurements done per local practice, and survival data collected where possible. Analyses were done in the modified intention-to-treat (ITT) population, which consisted of all @entity1 who received at least one dose of @entity2240 . This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT00130897. FINDINGS: As of December, 2007, 4564 @entity1 were enrolled in 52 countries. 4371 @entity1 were included in the modified ITT population. This population included 321 (7%) @entity1 with brain metastases, 582 (13%) with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 2 or higher, 588 (13%) non-clear-cell @entity1358 , and 1418 (32%) aged 65 years or more. @entity1 received a median of five treatment cycles (range 1-25). Reasons for discontinuation included lack of efficacy (n=1168 [27%]) and adverse events (n=362 [8%]). The most common treatment-related adverse events were @entity294 (n=1936 [44%]) and @entity1295 (n=1606 [37%]). The most common grade 3-4 adverse events were @entity1295 (n=344 [8%]) and @entity882 (n=338 [8%]) with incidences of grade 3-4 adverse events similar across subgroups. In 3464 evaluable @entity1 , the objective response rate (ORR) was 17% (n=603), with subgroup ORR as follows: brain metastases (26 of 213 [12%]), ECOG performance status 2 or higher (29 of 319 [9%]), non-clear-cell @entity1358 (48 of 437 [11%]) and age 65 years or more (176 of 1056 [17%]). Median progression-free survival was 10.9 months (95% CI 10.3-11.2) and overall survival was 18.4 months (17.4-19.2). INTERPRETATION: In a broad population of @entity1 with metastatic @entity1358 , the safety profile of @entity2240 50 mg once-daily (initial dose) on schedule 4-2 was manageable and efficacy results were encouraging, particularly in subgroups associated with poor prognosis who are not usually entered into clinical trials. FUNDING: Pfizer Inc.

title: Safety and efficacy of XXXX for metastatic @entity1358 : an expanded-access trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2240 :: ('MESH:C473478', 'Chemical') :: ['sunitinib']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal-cell carcinoma', 'RCC']

answer: @entity2240 :: (MESH:C473478,Chemical) :: ['sunitinib']


abstract: Commissural projections are required for left-right coordination during locomotion. However, their role, if any, in rhythm production is unknown. This study uses the neonatal @entity35 in vitro brain stem-spinal cord model to examine the rostrocaudal distribution of locomotor-related commissural projections and study whether commissural connections are needed for the generation of hindlimb rhythmic activity in response to electrical stimulation of the brain stem. Midsagittal lesions were made at a wide range of rostrocaudal levels. Locomotor-like activity persisted in some preparations despite midsagittal lesions extending from C(1) to the mid- @entity17098 level or from the conus medullaris to the T(12/13) junction. In some preparations, midsagittal lesions throughout the entire spinal cord had no effect on @entity2915 if two or three contiguous segments remained intact. Those bridging segments had to include the T(13) and/or @entity17098 levels. These observations suggested that commissural projections in the thoracolumbar junction region were critical. @entity2915 was also elicited in preparations with limited midsagittal lesions focused on the thoracolumbar junction (T(12) through @entity17098 or L(2) inclusive). In other experiments, @entity2915 was evoked by bath-applied @entity750 ( @entity750 ) and @entity1024 ( @entity143 ). Appropriate side-to-side coordination was observed, even when only one segment remained bilaterally intact. Commissural projections traversing the thoracolumbar junction region were most effective. In combination, these results suggest that locomotor-related commissural projections are redundantly distributed along a bi-directional gradient that centers on the thoracolumbar junction. This commissural system not only provides a robust left-right coordinating mechanism but also supports locomotor rhythm generation in response to brain stem stimulation.

title: Contribution of commissural projections to bulbospinal activation of locomotion in the in vitro neonatal XXXX spinal cord.

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-d-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['However, locomotor-like activity', 'locomotor-like activity']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine', '5-HT']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The ideal surgical treatment of multilevel @entity4720 remains unclear. This study analyzed the complications in using @entity702 cages and plating to reconstruct multilevel cervical corpectomies. This was a retrospective analysis of 21 consecutive @entity1 who had multilevel cervical corpectomies and reconstruction with @entity702 cages and anterior plating. Sixteen had 2-level, one had 2.5-level, three had 3-level, and one had 3.5-level corpectomies. All had reconstruction with @entity702 cages and anterior plating. Thirty-three percent of the @entity1 developed complications. Radiographs revealed bony consolidation in 95% of @entity1 . Reconstructing multilevel cervical corpectomies with @entity702 cages and plating is associated with complications. Advantages include rigid immobilization and the avoidance of iliac crest bone graft harvesting. Major complications are largely the result of failures of the cage and plate construct, especially in @entity1 with @entity6092 bone. Supplemental posterior stabilization may be considered for cases with @entity508 or greater than 2-level corpectomies with profound @entity170 .

title: Complications of multilevel cervical corpectomies and reconstruction with XXXX cages and anterior plating.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity6092 :: ('MESH:C567172', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenic']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium']

entities_list: @entity4720 :: ('MESH:D055009', 'Disease') :: ['cervical spondylosis']

answer: @entity702 :: (MESH:D014025,Chemical) :: ['titanium']


abstract: Purpose of this study was to analyse the characteristics of clinical, iconographical, pathological and treatment methods of @entity1222 ( @entity15 ), so as to improve the diagnosis and treatment level of this disease. The clinical data of 35 @entity15 @entity1 were studied retrospectively. These @entity1 were divided into 2 groups according to age <14 years old and >=  14 years old. The clinical symptoms were analysed and the signs, imageology and pathology manifestation and treatment results were evaluated. The results showed that @entity15 clinical manifestations were diverse and complex. Surgical treatment for @entity1 with single system involvement of @entity15 was better than that of multi-system involvement of @entity15 ( @entity15 ). For the latter, combined chemotherapy effects was better. After 3-year follow-up, 1-year OS was 94%    4%, 2-years OS was 91%    5%, 3-year OS was 86%    7%. 3 years OS of group <14 years old and >=  14 years old was 94%    6% and 81%    10% respectively. The OS of former was better than that of the later, but because a small number of cases, this difference was not statistically significant. It is concluded that @entity15 is easy to be misdiagnosed, the pathological biopsy is the gold standard of @entity15 diagnosis. The PET-CT can be of great help in identifying stages and finding lesion areas of the disease. @entity1222 ( @entity1222 ) is more common in adult. Combined chemotherapy can improve the prognosis of the @entity1 . The treatment methods should be choosed according to the stage and classification of disease.

title: [Analysis of clinical, iconographical and pathological characteristics, prognosis and treatment methods for 35 cases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1222 :: ('MESH:D006646', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis', 'Langerhans cell histiocytosis', 'PLCH']

answer: @entity1222 :: (MESH:D006646,Disease) :: ['Langerhans cell histiocytosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The hybrid tracer was introduced to complement intraoperative radiotracing towards the sentinel nodes (SNs) with fluorescence guidance. OBJECTIVE: Improve in vivo fluorescence-based SN identification for @entity263 by optimising hybrid tracer preparation, injection technique, and fluorescence imaging hardware. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : Forty @entity1 with a Briganti nomogram-based risk >10% of lymph node (LN) @entity3 were included. After intraprostatic tracer injection, SN mapping was performed (lymphoscintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomography with computed tomography (SPECT-CT)). In groups 1 and 2, SNs were pursued intraoperatively using a laparoscopic gamma probe followed by fluorescence imaging (FI). In group 3, SNs were initially located via FI. Compared with group 1, in groups 2 and 3, a new tracer formulation was introduced that had a reduced total injected volume (2.0 ml vs. 3.2 ml) but increased particle concentration. For groups 1 and 2, the Tricam SLII with D-Light C laparoscopic FI (LFI) system was used. In group 3, the LFI system was upgraded to an Image 1 HUB @entity2033 with D-Light P system. INTERVENTION: Hybrid tracer-based SN biopsy, extended pelvic lymph node dissection, and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy. OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Number and location of the preoperatively identified SNs, in vivo fluorescence-based SN identification rate, @entity5 status of SNs and LNs, @entity260 , and biochemical recurrence (BCR). RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: Mean fluorescence-based SN identification improved from 63.7% (group 1) to 85.2% and 93.5% for groups 2 and 3, respectively (p=0.012). No differences in @entity260 were found. BCR occurred in three pN0 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Stepwise optimisation of the hybrid tracer formulation and the LFI system led to a significant improvement in fluorescence-assisted SN identification. Preoperative SPECT-CT remained essential for guiding intraoperative SN localisation. @entity1 SUMMARY: Intraoperative fluorescence-based SN visualisation can be improved by enhancing the hybrid tracer formulation and laparoscopic fluorescence imaging system.

title: Optimisation of fluorescence guidance during robot-assisted laparoscopic sentinel node biopsy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity41329 analog ( @entity53753 ) is an antibiotic with antitumor properties demonstrated in preclinical and phase I studies. We conducted a phase II trial to evaluate the efficacy and @entity137 of this agent in @entity1 with advanced @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ). METHODS: Eligible @entity1 had histologically or cytologically confirmed diagnosis of @entity1358 that was either locally advanced unresectable, locally recurrent, or metastatic. @entity1 had to have measurable disease, no prior chemotherapy, life expectancy of greater than 12 weeks, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0-2, adequate-organ function, and be >/=18 years old. @entity1 were treated with @entity53753 at a dose of 165 mg/m(2) daily i.v. over 30-60 min for 5 days. Treatment was repeated every 21 days. Response was assessed every two courses. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 were enrolled. There were sixteen males and eight females with a median age of 60.5 years (range 42-76). Nineteen were Caucasians, seventeen had prior nephrectomy, and thirteen had prior immunotherapy. The major @entity137 was myelosuppression with grade 3 and 4 @entity1398 in 38% of @entity1 and @entity417 in 33% of @entity1 . There were two partial responses (2/24, 8%) and 11 @entity1 (46%) achieved @entity66 ( @entity66 ). The 6-month progression-free rate for @entity1 with @entity66 was 30%. Of the seventeen @entity1 with progressive disease at registration, one had a PR and eight had @entity66 . The overall median survival time for all 24 @entity1 was 10.0 months (90% CI=5.2, 17.4 months). The 12-month survival rate was 39%, with 90% CI=(0.21, 0.58). Nine @entity1 are still alive with survival times ranging from 3.8 to 24.2 months, at a median follow-up time of 11.9 months. CONCLUSION: @entity41329 analog ( @entity53753 ) is well tolerated and has modest antitumor activity in @entity1 with advanced @entity1358 .

title: A phase II study of @entity41329 analog ( XXXX ) in metastatic @entity1358 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['stable disease', 'SD']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell cancer', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity41329 :: ('MESH:C053339', 'Chemical') :: ['Rebeccamycin']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity53753 :: (MESH:C093269,Chemical) :: ['NSC-655649']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The early appropriate care (EAC) protocol and clinical grading system (CGS) propose criteria that suggest timing of definitive @entity174 fixation by assessing risk for complications. This study applies these criteria to a cohort of @entity1 with @entity130 and determines clinical outcomes for groups stratified by risk and timing of @entity174 fixation. METHODS: This retrospective work was performed at a Level I @entity130 center. @entity1 with operative femur, pelvis, acetabulum, and/or thoracolumbar spine injuries were included. @entity174 were treated surgically, either early or delayed. @entity1 were retrospectively categorized into low- or high-risk groups using the EAC protocol and described as stable, borderline, unstable, or in extremis using a modified CGS (mCGS). RESULTS: In the EAC analysis, low-risk @entity1 treated early had fewer complications compared with delayed treatment. Among high-risk @entity1 , no significant difference was noted. With the use of the mCGS, stable @entity1 treated early had fewer complications compared with delayed @entity1 . No difference in complications was detected for unstable and in extremis @entity1 . Borderline @entity1 treated early had fewer complications compared with delayed treatment, although results were not supported by sensitivity analysis. CONCLUSION: The EAC protocol can effectively distinguish @entity1 who are at high risk for complications if treated early. Early treatment in the low-risk group was associated with fewer complications. The mCGS differentiates stable @entity1 who benefit from early definitive treatment of @entity174 as well as severely injured @entity1 (unstable or in extremis) who may benefit from damage-control orthopedics. Borderline @entity1 may also benefit from early definitive treatment, but criteria defining borderline @entity1 require further study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic study, level III.

title: Use of two grading systems in determining risks associated with timing of XXXX fixation.

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['orthopedic injuries', 'trauma']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'Fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture']


abstract: From 1960 to 2007, an important number of @entity1 with primary @entity244 (pSS) along with @entity1374 diagnosed by laboratory data and clinical presentation were reported. The most common @entity1374 found was @entity1669 and the most common hormonal pattern was @entity1375 . The coexistence of SS and @entity1374 is frequent and suggests a common genetic or environmental factor predisposition with similar pathogenic mechanisms. pSS was ten times more frequent in @entity1 with @entity1669 and @entity1669 was nine times more frequent in pSS. Therefore, SS should be studied in @entity1 with @entity1374 . Antigens are shared by both thyroid and salivary glands, which could be responsible for the association between both diseases. Immunogenetic studies had suggested that both diseases have a common genetic predisposition. pSS and @entity1374 @entity1 were mostly @entity1 with positive antithyroglobulin, antiparietal cell and antithyroid peroxidase antibodies. @entity1374 is frequent in pSS @entity1 and those prone to develop @entity1374 are identified by thyroid-related autoantibodies or by rheumatoid factor and anti-Ro/SSA activity. @entity1 with pSS have an increased tendency to develop other @entity792 . @entity1375 was the most common @entity792 developed in pSS @entity1 during follow-up of 10.5 years. @entity706 are also associated with SS and @entity1374 and a 67-fold increased risk for thyroid mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) @entity706 and a 44-fold increased risk for @entity706 is being attributed to @entity1669 and pSS. It is suggested that immune @entity3883 is a causal factor for @entity1892 in pSS and @entity1669 . Other studies are necessary to clarify the shared pathogenesis mechanism in SS and @entity1669 and to understand this fascinating autoimmune association.

title: XXXX in @entity244 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['subclinical hypothyroidism', 'Hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity3883 :: ('MESH:D041781', 'Disease') :: ['mechanism deficiency']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'Lymphomas', 'parotid lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid disease', 'autoimmune thyroiditis']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Sj  gren's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease', 'autoimmune diseases']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease', 'thyroiditis', 'thyroid disease and vice versa', 'thyroid disorders', 'Thyroid dysfunction', 'thyroid disorder']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['Thyroid disease']


abstract: @entity958 @entity535 transporters (AAPs) show individual temporal and spatial expression patterns. A new @entity535 transporter, @entity52286 was isolated by reverse transcription-PCR. Growth and transport assays in comparison to @entity12764 -5 characterize @entity52286 and @entity66484 as high affinity @entity535 transport systems from @entity958 . Histochemical promoter-beta-glucuronidase (GUS) studies identified @entity66484 expression in xylem parenchyma, cells requiring high affinity transport due to the low @entity535 concentration in xylem sap. @entity66484 may thus function in uptake of @entity1522 from xylem. Histochemical analysis of @entity52286 revealed stage-dependent expression in siliques and developing seeds. Thus @entity52286 is probably responsible for import of organic @entity1568 into developing seeds. The only missing transporter of the family AAP7 was nonfunctional in @entity375 with respect to @entity535 transport, and expression was not detectable. Therefore, @entity66485 are the only members of the family able to transport @entity492 with physiologically relevant affinity. @entity12764 are the closest AAP paralogs. Although @entity12764 and @entity52286 originate from a duplicated region on chromosome I, biochemical properties and expression pattern diverged. Overlapping substrate specificities paired with individual properties and expression patterns point to specific functions of each of the AAP genes in @entity1568 distribution rather than to mere redundancy.

title: High affinity @entity535 transporters specifically expressed in xylem parenchyma and developing seeds of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: Previous work has shown the presence of an important intracellular pool of @entity2393 subunit in @entity1 skin fibroblasts as detected with monoclonal antibody DH12 [De Strooper, B., Van der Schueren, B., Jaspers, M., Saison, M., Spaepen, M., Van Leuven, F., Van den Berghe, H. _ Cassiman, J. J. (1989) J. Histochem. Cytochem. 37,299-307]. To analyze this more quantitatively, a radioimmunoassay with radioiodinated monoclonal antibody was developed. The total amount of specific binding sites for monoclonal antibody DH12 on skin fibroblasts was between 0.8-1.5 x 10(6)/cell. After permeabilizing the cells with @entity11040 , a threefold increase in specific binding was observed, which suggested that about 60% of the total amount of @entity8652 -subunit was localized intracellularly. From pulse/chase experiments, it was deduced that an important pool of precursor subunit, as defined by its sensitivity to endoglycosidase treatment, existed in fibroblasts. Since in steady-state-labeling conditions, at least three to four times more precursor than mature subunit was immunoprecipitated with monoclonal antibody DH12, we suggested that the intracellular pool of @entity2393 subunit is mainly precursor pool. This precursor pool contains a degradation compartment and a maturation compartment. Other investigators have found evidence for a recirculating pool of mature integrin in @entity3569 ovary cells. Therefore, the presence of a recirculating pool of integrin in @entity1 fibroblasts was also considered. The data obtained with mAb DH12 showed that less than 10% of the surface pool of integrin was internalized by endocytosis. Since, however, cross linking of @entity8652 -integrins with polyclonal antibodies leads to rapid endocytosis of most of the integrin, it remains possible that the quantitatively small effect was actually an artefact induced by the divalent mAb. We conclude that the intracellular pool of @entity8652 -integrins observed in our previous studies consists of precursor and that in skin fibroblasts no mature @entity2393 is available intracellularly for rapid quantitative modulations at the cell surface.

title: Cultured XXXX fibroblasts contain a large pool of precursor @entity2393 but lack an intracellular pool of mature subunit.

entities_list: @entity11040 :: ('MESH:D004072', 'Chemical') :: ['digitonin']

entities_list: @entity3569 :: ('10029', 'Species') :: ['Chinese hamster']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We reviewed the literature of population-based studies regarding @entity299 and @entity64 occurrence among Alaska Natives. The existing literature suggests that differences in cardiovascular mortality rates and risk factors exist in Alaska Natives by ethnicity and residence. However, data sources are largely limited to mortality data and small community-based studies. OBJECTIVES: Because @entity65 occurrence has not been well studied among Alaska Natives, it is important to avoid sweeping generalizations about the increasing or decreasing prevalences of @entity65 and risk factors. RESULTS: Recent mortality rates from @entity299 (of all types) among Alaska Natives are similar to rates for U. @entity1762 , and mortality rates from @entity64 among Alaska Natives are higher than rates for U. @entity1762 . Mortality rates from @entity741 have been relatively constant among Alaska Natives over the past 20 years, while over the same time period, rates declined dramatically among U. @entity1762 . The @entity741 mortality rates among Alaska Native males are now comparable to rates among U. @entity1762 males. CONCLUSIONS: Although available data indicate no increase in mortality from @entity741 in Alaska Natives, the relatively constant @entity204 rates over the recent 20 years, compared with declining rates elsewhere in the U.S, and the high prevalence of risk factors for @entity741 calls for increased descriptive epidemiologic studies of the incidence and prevalence of @entity65 outcomes. In addition, analytic epidemiologic studies are needed to examine the relationship between lifestyle, especially subsistence and traditional lifestyles, and @entity65 outcomes.

title: XXXX among Alaska Natives: a review of the literature.

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular disease']


abstract: The molecular mechanisms underlying the clinical effects of alpha interferon (IFN) and @entity5371 are not understood. Elimination of infected cells occurs in part by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) expressing @entity1197 ligand and thereby attacking target cells which are positive for the death receptor @entity1197 . Since many viruses have evolved mechanisms to inhibit apoptosis, the opposite, namely, promotion of apoptosis, could be a strategy to strengthen the host antiviral response. In the present study, we have asked whether the antiviral substances IFN and @entity5371 could support @entity1197 -mediated apoptosis by interfering with the activation of caspases, a family of proteases known for their essential role in apoptosis. HepG2 cells, stimulated with the agonistic anti- @entity1197 antibody, served as a minimal model to mimic the @entity1197 stimulation occurring during a CTL attack of target cells in vivo. Apoptosis was quantitated by flow cytometric detection of hypodiploid nuclei. Caspase activity was measured by cytofluorometry, immunocytochemistry, and immunoblot analysis. IFN and @entity5371 sensitized HepG2 cells for @entity1197 -mediated apoptosis. This effect was correlated with an increase in @entity1197 -mediated caspase activation and enhanced cleavage of the caspase substrate @entity12874 polymerase. Furthermore, the positive effect on @entity1197 -mediated caspase activation by IFN and @entity5371 was confirmed by immunocytochemistry for activated @entity522 and by immunoblot detection of activated @entity522 , @entity14544 , and @entity8186 . Our data demonstrate that the antiviral substances IFN and @entity5371 are able to sensitize for @entity1197 -mediated apoptosis. IFN and @entity5371 also enhance @entity1197 -mediated caspase activation, which might in part be responsible for the apoptosis-promoting effect of these antiviral compounds.

title: XXXX and alpha interferon enhance death receptor-mediated apoptosis and caspase activation in human hepatoma cells.

entities_list: @entity12874 :: ('MESH:D011064', 'Chemical') :: ['poly(ADP-ribose)']

entities_list: @entity5371 :: ('MESH:D012254', 'Chemical') :: ['ribavirin']

answer: @entity5371 :: (MESH:D012254,Chemical) :: ['Ribavirin']


abstract: Transient changes in intracellular @entity141 concentration have been well recognized to act as cell signals coupling various environmental stimuli to appropriate physiological responses with accuracy and specificity in plants. @entity13609 ( @entity13609 ) and @entity13609 -like proteins (CMLs) are major @entity141 sensors, playing critical roles in interpreting encrypted @entity141 signals. @entity141 -loaded @entity13609 /CMLs interact and regulate a broad spectrum of target proteins such as channels/pumps/antiporters for various ions, transcription factors, protein kinases, protein phosphatases, metabolic enzymes, and proteins with unknown biochemical functions. Many of the target proteins of @entity13609 /CMLs directly or indirectly regulate plant responses to environmental stresses. Basic information about stimulus-induced @entity141 signal and overview of @entity141 signal perception and transduction are briefly discussed in the beginning of this review. How @entity13609 /CMLs are involved in regulating plant responses to abiotic stresses are emphasized in this review. Exciting progress has been made in the past several years, such as the elucidation of @entity141 / @entity13609 -mediated regulation of @entity67742 /CAMTA3 and plant responses to chilling and freezing stresses, @entity141 / @entity13609 -mediated regulation of @entity32715 , @entity4675 and @entity14520 in homeostasis control of reactive @entity26 species signals, discovery of CaM7 as a DNA-binding transcription factor regulating plant response to light signals. However, many key questions in @entity141 / @entity13609 -mediated signaling warrant further investigation. @entity141 / @entity13609 -mediated regulation of most of the known target proteins is presumed based on their interaction. The downstream targets of CMLs are mostly unknown, and how specificity of @entity141 signaling could be realized through the actions of @entity13609 /CMLs and their target proteins is largely unknown. Future breakthroughs in @entity141 / @entity13609 -mediated signaling will not only improve our understanding of how plants respond to environmental stresses, but also provide the knowledge base to improve stress-tolerance of crops.

title: Involvement of @entity13609 and XXXX -like proteins in plant responses to abiotic stresses.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity13609 :: ('808', 'Gene') :: ['calmodulin', 'CaM', 'Calmodulin']

answer: @entity13609 :: (808,Gene) :: ['calmodulin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate effects and mechanisms of chronic electrical stimulation at acupoints (CEA) using surgically implanted electrodes on food intake, body weight, and metabolisms in diet-induced @entity28 (DIO) @entity35 . METHODS: Thirty-six DIO @entity35 were chronically implanted with electrodes at acupoints ST-36 (Zusanli). Three sets of parameters were tested: electrical acupuncture (EA) 1 (2-s on, 3-s off, 0.5  ms, 15  Hz, 6  mA), EA2 (same as EA1 but continuous pulses), and EA3 (same as EA2 but 10  mA). A chronic study was then performed to investigate the effects of CEA on body weight and mechanisms involving gastrointestinal hormones and autonomic functions. RESULTS: EA2 significantly reduced food intake without uncomfortable behaviors. CEA at @entity1053 weight (P   <   0.05). CEA reduced both postprandial blood @entity413 and HbA1c (P   <   0.05). CEA delayed @entity356 (P   <   0.03) and increased small intestinal transit (P   <   0.02). CEA increased fasting plasma level of @entity15212 ( @entity15212 ) and peptide YY (P   <   0.05); the increase of @entity15212 was inversely correlated with postprandial blood @entity413 (R (2)   =   0.89, P   <   0.05); and the plasma @entity9315 level remained unchanged. EA increased sympathetic activity (P   <   0.01) and reduced vagal activity (P   <   0.01). CONCLUSIONS: CEA at ST-36 reduces body weight and improves blood @entity413 possibly attributed to multiple mechanisms involving @entity344 and hormones via the autonomic pathway.

title: Chronic Electrical Stimulation at Acupoints Reduces Body Weight and Improves Blood @entity413 in Obese XXXX via Autonomic Pathway.

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal motility']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1053 :: ('MESH:D001835', 'Disease') :: ['EA2 reduced body weight and epididymal fat pad']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric emptying']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: General views of practitioners shape medical routine. This study surveyed general views of neurological and @entity146 practitioners in Germany on @entity195 ( @entity195 ). METHODS: 850 surveys were distributed and 637 (75%) recovered. RESULTS: 36% of practitioners reported not having used therapies for medical conditions other than @entity303 in @entity1 with @entity195 for reasons of limited compliance in these @entity1 . Efficacy of antidementia drugs ( @entity8124 , @entity11545 , @entity3393 , @entity11544 ) was rated on a 5-point scale (very good, good, satisfactory, sufficient, insufficient) regarding memory, attention and concentration, aggression, @entity308 , activities of daily living, and dependency on caregivers. 87% of practitioners reported an at least satisfactory effect on at least 2 domains. Practitioners estimated that about 20% of caregivers are treated for @entity146 such as @entity308 . Practitioners that were more aware of caregivers' needs for @entity146 treatment more frequently reported positive feedback of caregivers concerning improvement of the @entity1 in everyday life. Nursing home admission was estimated to result from both progression of @entity303 and diminished forces of the caregivers. CONCLUSIONS: Neurological and @entity146 practitioners perceive antidementia drugs as effective in multiple domains in @entity195 . Appreciation of the overall success of treatment requires consideration of the @entity1 -caregiver dyad.

title: Neurological and XXXX practitioners' views on @entity195 and treatment thereof.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity11545 :: ('MESH:D005702', 'Chemical') :: ['galantamine']

entities_list: @entity3393 :: ('MESH:D008559', 'Chemical') :: ['memantine']

entities_list: @entity11544 :: ('MESH:C072506', 'Chemical') :: ['rivastigmine']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity8124 :: ('MESH:C076946', 'Chemical') :: ['donepezil']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11233 ( @entity11233 ) or @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) originating from the right bundle branch (RBB) is rare and published clinical data on such @entity943 are scarce. In this study, we will describe the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and management of a cohort of @entity1 with this novel @entity943 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Eight @entity1 (5 @entity1 ; median age, 25 years) with RBB- @entity11233 / @entity1165 were consecutively enrolled in the study. Pharmacological testing, exercise treadmill testing, electrophysiological study, and catheter ablation were performed in the study @entity1 , and ECG features were characterized. All RBB- @entity11233 /VTs were of typical @entity714 morphology with @entity616 . The @entity943 , which demonstrated chronotropic variability, were often isorhythmic with sinus rhythm and were accelerated by physical exercise, stress, and intravenous @entity3044 infusion. The rate of RBB- @entity11233 / @entity1165 varied from 45 to 200 beats per minute. Two @entity1 experienced @entity1163 , and 3 had @entity1002 . @entity1406 was proven to be the most effective drug to decelerate the @entity943 rate and relieve symptoms. Electrophysiology study was performed in 5 @entity1 and the earliest activation with a sharp RBB potential was localized in the mid or distal RBB area. Catheter ablation terminated the @entity943 with subsequent RBB block morphology during sinus rhythm. During follow-up, @entity1 ' symptoms were controlled with normalization of left ventricular function either on @entity1406 or by catheter ablation. CONCLUSIONS: RBB- @entity11233 / @entity1165 is an unusual type of @entity943 . It can result in significant symptoms and depressed ventricular function and can be successfully treated with catheter ablation.

title: Idiopathic accelerated idioventricular rhythm or XXXX originating from the right bundle branch: unusual type of @entity943 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['VT', 'ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['left bundle-branch block']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['impaired left ventricular function']

entities_list: @entity11233 :: ('MESH:D016170', 'Disease') :: ['Accelerated idioventricular rhythm', 'AIVR']

entities_list: @entity1406 :: ('MESH:D008790', 'Chemical') :: ['metoprolol', 'Metoprolol']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'arrhythmias', 'arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular dissociation']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the protective properties of combined @entity4023 2% and @entity2656 0.5% ( @entity67847 ) on the corneal endothelium in the presence of oxidative stress induced by @entity273 ( @entity274 ). SETTING: Instituto Oftalmol  gico de Alicante, Universidad Miguel Hern  ndez, Alicante, Spain. METHODS: This was an exploratory randomized controlled parallel-group, masked-assessor study of 3 @entity4023 -based @entity1652 ( @entity1652 ): @entity67847 , Healon ( @entity4023 1%), and Viscoat ( @entity4023 3%-chondroitin @entity1372 4%). The @entity1652 were tested for protective effects on the endothelium following oxidative stress induced by @entity274 at increased concentrations: control (lactated Ringer's solution), 1 mM, 10 mM, and 100 mM. Groups without OVD were used as controls at the same concentrations of @entity2625 . Each animal received the same treatment in both eyes (10 eyes per group). Endothelial cell lesion was assessed using the Janus green photometry absorbance technique. RESULTS: At 10 mM @entity2625 concentration, the value of endothelial cell lesion was significantly lower in the @entity67847 (16.8%, P=.0056), Healon (22.2%, P=.0302), and Viscoat (21.6%, P=.0336) groups than in the control group (29.4%, no OVD). There was a trend in favor of @entity67847 to more efficiently reduce cell lesions of the endothelium, than Healon (P=.055) and Viscoat (P=.1013). Values of endothelial cell lesion at @entity2625 concentrations of 1 mM and 100 mM showed the same trends than those observed at 10 mM. CONCLUSIONS: All of the @entity1652 tested efficiently reduced endothelial lesions against free radicals compared with the control group in which no OVD was used. The following sequence for the efficacy of endothelial cell protection was established: @entity67847 >Viscoat>Healon>no OVD.

title: Hyaluronic acid combined with XXXX to improve protection against free-radical endothelial damage: experimental model.

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity1652 :: ('MESH:D009471', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmic viscosurgical devices', 'OVDs']

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxide']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hyaluronate']

answer: @entity2656 :: (MESH:D008353,Chemical) :: ['mannitol']


abstract: Previous studies indicated that recovery of @entity1545 involves in circadian system and circadian system also modulates cardiovascular function. The present study was focused on the circadian characteristic of blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) of @entity1 with @entity7057 ( @entity7057 ) after neurosurgical operation at the first 24-hour and its relationship to prognosis of @entity7057 . This retrospective study was based on the analysis of circadian rhythm of postoperative @entity1 with @entity7057 who received no anti- @entity101 treatment before operation and during the first 24-hour after operation. Series data of BP and HR after operation were analyzed with cosinor method to determine whether circadian rhythms were present or absent. The @entity1 were divided into two groups, including presence of circadian rhythm group and absence of circadian rhythm group. The basic clinical characteristics of two groups were analyzed with Student's t-test. The percentage of good prognosis in two groups was analyzed with Pearson's Chi-squared test. Statistical results indicated that the percentage of good prognosis was significantly different between the presence and absence group. More cases of good prognosis in presence group of Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) was discovered than in absence group (p=0.032). The results of Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP) and HR were similar as SBP was observed in presence group for DBP (p=0.002) and for HR (p=0.001), respectively. We conclude that the presence or absence of circadian rhythm after operation would be an early predictor of the postoperative prognosis from @entity7057 .

title: Circadian effects on outcome following surgery for intracerebral hemorrhage in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1545 :: ('MESH:D020214', 'Disease') :: ['brain injury']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity7057 :: ('MESH:D020299', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage', 'HICH']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']