abstract: This study investigated the combined effect of resistance exercise and @entity369 ingestion on spontaneous @entity2124 ( @entity2124 ) release. Eight healthy male subjects were studied randomly on four separate occasions [placebo, @entity369 ( @entity534 ), placebo + exercise (Ex), @entity369 + exercise ( @entity534 +Ex)]. Subjects had blood sampled every 10 min for 3.5 h. After baseline sampling (30 min), subjects ingested a 7-g dose of @entity369 or placebo (blinded, randomly assigned). On the exercise days, the subject performed 3 sets of 9 exercises, 10 repetitions at 80% one repetition maximum. Resting @entity2124 concentrations were similar on each study day. Integrated @entity2124 area under the curve was significantly higher on the Ex day (508.7 +/- 169.6 min.ng/ml; P < 0.05) than on any of the other study days. @entity534 +Ex (260.5 +/- 76.8 min.ng/ml) resulted in a greater response than the placebo day but not significantly greater than the @entity534 day. The @entity2124 half-life and half duration were not influenced by the stimulus administered. The @entity2124 secretory burst mass was larger, but not significantly, on the @entity534 , Ex, and @entity534 +Ex day than the placebo day. Endogenous @entity2124 production rate (Ex > @entity534 +Ex > @entity534 > placebo) was greater on the Ex and @entity534 +Ex day than on the placebo day (P < 0.05) but there were no differences between the Ex and @entity534 +Ex day. Oral @entity369 alone (7 g) stimulated @entity2124 release, but a greater @entity2124 response was seen with exercise alone. The combined effect of @entity369 before exercise attenuates the @entity2124 response. Autonegative feedback possibly causes a refractory period such that when the two stimuli are presented there will be suppression of the somatotrope.

title: Oral @entity369 attenuates the XXXX response to resistance exercise.

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity2124 :: (2688,Gene) :: ['growth hormone']


abstract: Telomerase activation through induction of its catalytic component @entity2215 ( @entity2215 ) expression is essential for malignant transformation. @entity2215 promoter mutations namely @entity10207 and @entity59802 that stimulate @entity2215 transcription and telomerase activation have recently been identified in many @entity1 @entity5 . We thus determined these mutations and their biological and clinical implications in @entity259 in the present study. The @entity2215 promoter was sequenced in 10 @entity259 cell lines and 144 @entity5 from 20 @entity1 with @entity2867 ( @entity2867 ), 51 with @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ), 36 with @entity259 ( @entity259 ), and 37 with @entity259 ( @entity259 ). We identified @entity10207 or @entity59802 mutation in 6/8 of @entity2867 cell lines, as well as in @entity5 tissue from 10/20, 13/51, 8/36 and 0/37 @entity1 with @entity2867 , @entity3557 , @entity259 and @entity259 , respectively. In @entity3557 @entity1 , these mutations were exclusively present in the group with age >45 years (P<0.0001), and highly correlated shorter telomeres (P<0.0001) and distant @entity3 (P=0.028). The previous radioactivity exposure did not induce the mutation. The presence of @entity10207 or @entity59802 was an independent predictor associated with shorter @entity66 ( @entity66 ) in the entire cohort (P<0.0001), as well as among @entity1 >45 years (P=0.021). @entity2867 @entity1 carrying the mutation survived shorter than those without mutations, although not statistically significant (P=0.129). The @entity2215 promoter mutation was associated with overall survival (P=0.038) and @entity66 (P=0.058) of @entity259 @entity1 . Taken together, age- and shorter telomere-dependent @entity2215 promoter mutations occur frequently in follicular cell-derived @entity259 ( @entity2867 , @entity3557 and @entity259 ) but not in parafollicular cell-originated @entity259 , and may serve as a marker for aggressive disease and poor outcome.

title: The age- and shorter telomere-dependent XXXX promoter mutation in follicular thyroid cell-derived carcinomas.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['DRS', 'disease-related survival']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid carcinoma', 'follicular thyroid carcinoma', 'thyroid cancer', 'FTC', 'MTC', 'thyroid carcinomas', 'medullary thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity2215 :: ('7015', 'Gene') :: ['TERT', 'telomerase reverse transcriptase']

entities_list: @entity2867 :: ('MESH:D065646', 'Disease') :: ['ATC', 'anaplastic thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity2215 :: (7015,Gene) :: ['TERT']


abstract: An efficient separation process of @entity3096 from Taxus wallichiana var. mairei remainder extracts free of taxoids was developed in this study. AB-8 macroporous resin and @entity8607 resin offered the fine adsorption capacity, and its adsorption rate at 30  C fitted well to the Langmuir and Freundich isotherms. Resin dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments were conducted to optimize the separation process of total @entity3088 from T. wallichiana var. mairei remainder extracts free of taxoids. The optimum parameters for adsorption by AB-8 resin were as follows: (1) the concentration of @entity3088 in a sample solution of 5.61 mg/mL with a processing volume of 2 bed volume (BV) (60 mL); (2) for desorption, @entity1068 -water (80:20, v/v), with 6 BV as an eluent at a flow rate of 2 BV/h. After a one-run treatment with AB-8 resin, the content of @entity3088 was increased 5.10-fold from 4.05 to 20.65%. The optimum parameters for adsorption by @entity8607 resin were as follows: processing volume of 2 BV (30 mL); for desorption, @entity1068 -water (70:30, v/v), with 8 BV as an eluent at a flow rate of 2 BV/h. After one-run treatment with @entity8607 resin, the content of total @entity3088 increased from 20.65 to 65.21%. The method will provide a potential approach for large-scale separation and purification of @entity3096 for its wide pharmaceutical use.

title: Separation and purification of @entity3096 from Taxus remainder extracts free of taxoids using polystyrene and XXXX resin.

entities_list: @entity3088 :: ('MESH:D005419', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoids']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity8607 :: ('CHEBI:61445', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamide']

answer: @entity8607 :: (CHEBI:61445,Chemical) :: ['polyamide']


abstract: @entity9678 ( @entity9678 ) channels are often overexpressed in @entity1 @entity5 . In @entity1778 , @entity9400 .1 regulates pro-survival signals that promote resistance to chemotherapy, raising the possibility that inhibitors of @entity9678 could be therapeutically beneficial. However, because of the role of @entity9678 in cardiac repolarization, blocking these channels may cause @entity943 . We show that CD-160130, a novel pyrimido-indole compound, blocks @entity9678 channels with a higher efficacy for the @entity9678 isoform B, in which the IC50 (1.8  M) was approximately 10-fold lower than observed in @entity9678 isoform A. At this concentration, CD-160130 also had minor effects on @entity12397 , KV 1.3, @entity14489 , and @entity25140 . In vitro, CD-160130 induced @entity1778 cell apoptosis, and could overcome bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-induced chemoresistance. This effect was caused by interference with the survival signaling pathways triggered by MSCs. In vivo, CD-160130 produced an antileukemic activity, stronger than that caused by @entity2592 . Consistent with its atypical target specificity, CD-160130 did not bind to the main binding site of the arrhythmogenic @entity9678 blockers (the Phe656 pore residue). Importantly, in @entity840 CD-160130 produced neither alteration of the cardiac action potential shape in dissociated cardiomyocytes nor any lengthening of the QT interval in vivo. Moreover, CD-160130 had no myelotoxicity on @entity1 bone marrow-derived cells. Therefore, CD-160130 is a promising first-in-class compound to attempt oncologic therapy without @entity1370 , based on targeting @entity9678 . Because @entity1778 and cardiac cells tend to express different ratios of the A and B @entity9678 isoforms, the pharmacological properties of CD-160130 may depend, at least in part, on isoform specificity.

title: New Pyrimido-Indole Compound CD-160130 Preferentially Inhibits the XXXX .1B Isoform and Produces Antileukemic Effects without @entity1370 .

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemias', 'leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

answer: @entity9400 :: (3736,Gene) :: ['KV11']


abstract: Object Current data indicate the rate of @entity542 in @entity1 caused by falling televisions is increasing. The authors describe these injuries and the cost incurred by them. Methods In a single-institution retrospective review, all @entity1 treated for a television-related @entity130 @entity1 's Hospital, a Level I pediatric @entity130 center, between 2009 and 2013 were identified through the institution's @entity130 registry. The type, mechanism, and severity of @entity128 , surgical interventions, outcome, and costs were examined. Results Twenty-six @entity1 were treated for a television-related injury during the study period. Most injuries (22 cases, 85%) occurred in @entity1 aged 2-4 years (mean age 3.3 years), and 19 (73%) of the 26 @entity1 were male. @entity542 occurred in 20 @entity1 (77%); these injuries ranged from concussion to skull @entity174 and subdural, subarachnoid, and @entity548 . The average Glasgow @entity772 Scale score on admission was 12 (range 7-15), and 3 @entity1 (12%) had @entity51 . Surgical intervention was required in 5 cases (19%). The majority of @entity1 made a full recovery. There were no deaths. The total cost for television-related injuries was  1.4 million, with an average cost of  53,893 per accident. Conclusions A high occurrence of @entity542 was seen following television-related accidents in young @entity1 . This injury is ideal for a public education campaign targeting parents, health care workers, and television manufacturers.

title: XXXX following television-related accidents in the pediatric population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['intraparenchymal hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries', 'Head injuries']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['cranial injuries']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trauma', 'injury at LeBonheur']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['Head injuries']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We evaluated the dose-dependency and reversibility of radiation-induced injury in cardiac explant-derived cells (CDCs), a mixed cell population grown from heart tissues. Adult C57BL/6 @entity19 were exposed to 0, 10, 50 and 250 mGy y- @entity16039 for 7 days and atrial tissues were collected for experiments 24   hours after last exposure. The number of CDCs was significantly decreased by daily exposure to over 250 mGy. Interestingly, daily exposure to over 50 mGy significantly decreased the @entity17777 expression and telomerase activity, increased 53BP1 foci in the nuclei of CDCs. However, @entity3512 expression and growth factors production in CDCs were not significantly changed even after daily exposure to 250   mGy. We further evaluated the reversibility of radiation-induced @entity299 at 1 week and 3 weeks after a single exposure to 3   Gy y- @entity16039 . The number and growth factors production of CDCs were soon recovered at 1 week. However, the increased expression of @entity3512 were retained at 1 week, but recovered at 3 weeks. Moreover, the decreased expression of @entity17777 , impaired telomerase activity, and increased 53BP1 foci were poorly recovered even at 3 weeks. These data may help us to find the most sensitive and reliable bio-parameter(s) for evaluating radiation-induced @entity299 .

title: Dose-dependency and reversibility of radiation-induced injury in cardiac explant-derived cells of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['injury in CDCs']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Microwaves have been suggested to induce neuronal injury and increase permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), but the mechanism remains unknown. The role of the @entity7 ( @entity7 )/ @entity319 -Raf/MAPK kinase ( @entity8047 )/extracellular-regulated protein kinase ( @entity3963 ) pathway in structural and functional injury of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) following microwave exposure was examined. An in vitro BBB model composed of the ECV304 cell line and primary @entity35 cerebral astrocytes was exposed to microwave radiation (50  mW/cm(2), 5  min). The structure was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the permeability was assessed by measuring transendothelial electrical resistance (TEER) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) transmission. Activity and expression of @entity7 / @entity319 - @entity3963 pathway components and @entity11177 also were examined. Our results showed that microwave radiation caused intercellular tight junctions to broaden and fracture with decreased TEER values and increased HRP permeability. After microwave exposure, activation of the @entity7 / @entity319 - @entity3963 pathway and Tyr phosphorylation of @entity11177 were observed, along with down-regulated expression and interaction of @entity11177 with @entity11178 ( @entity11178 ). After @entity319 ( @entity21926 ) and @entity16629 ( @entity5732 ) inhibitors were used, the structure and function of the BBB were recovered. The increase in expression of @entity3963 signal transduction molecules was muted, while the expression and the activity of @entity11177 were accelerated, as well as the interactions of @entity11177 with p- @entity3963 and @entity11178 following microwave radiation. Thus, microwave radiation may induce BBB damage by activating the @entity7 / @entity319 - @entity3963 pathway, enhancing Tyr phosphorylation of @entity11177 , while partially inhibiting expression and interaction of @entity11177 with @entity11178 .

title: Activation of XXXX / @entity319 - @entity3963 Pathway Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Injury After Microwave Exposure.

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['VEGF']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1945 and @entity3003 are active in relapsed @entity43 , but attempts to combine these agents are limited by myelotoxicity. This phase I/II trial combined weekly @entity1945 , which is less myelosuppressive than the standard 5-day regimen, with @entity3003 in @entity1 with potentially @entity902 -sensitive relapsed @entity43 (PS-OVCa/PCa). METHODS: Eligible @entity1 had PS-OVCa/PCa, performance status 0-2, and normal bone marrow, @entity177 . On day 1 of a 21-day cycle, @entity1 received @entity3003 (area under the curve [AUC] 5) followed by @entity1945 2.0 mg/m2, both via 30-min intravenous infusion. @entity1945 2.0 mg/m2 also was administered on days 8 and 15. Treatment was withheld for @entity1398 or @entity882 on day 8 or 15. Dose escalation was planned. RESULTS: Seventeen @entity1 received a total of 115 (median, 6) cycles of chemotherapy. With @entity3003 AUC 4, @entity1398 prevented dose escalation of @entity1945 ; hematologic @entity137 caused 34/105 (32%) weekly treatments to be withheld. However, @entity3003 could be dose escalated to AUC 5 when the day 15 dose of @entity1945 was withheld. In the intent-to-treat population, there were 4 (24%) complete and 9 (53%) partial responses, 2 (12%) @entity1 (at the @entity3003 AUC 4 dose) with stable disease, and 2 (12%) nonevaluable @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity3003 (AUC 5) on day 1 in combination with @entity1945 2.0 mg/m2 on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle is well tolerated and active in @entity1 with PS-OVCa/PCa. A phase II trial comparing this with other @entity3003 therapeutic doublets in @entity1 with recurrent @entity43 is warranted.

title: A phase I/II trial of weekly @entity1945 and @entity3003 in potentially XXXX -sensitive relapsed @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'ovarian or peritoneal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal, and hepatic functions']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

entities_list: @entity1945 :: ('MESH:D019772', 'Chemical') :: ['Topotecan', 'topotecan']

answer: @entity902 :: (MESH:D010984,Chemical) :: ['platinum']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The origin of @entity17245 ( @entity17245 ) and @entity2694 ( @entity2694 ) is not fully understood. It is acknowledged as having an unspecific granulomatous inflammatory nature in different locations. Although there are differences between the clinical features of the two conditions, they also share a number of physiopathogenetic, therapeutic and, in some cases, iconographic similarities. Possible clinical recurrences are common in the two conditions and a broad differential diagnosis is required in all cases. Yet, the association of both processes in the same @entity1 , with radiological proof of the migration of the inflammatory injury, is not frequent. CASE REPORT: We report the case of a male @entity1 with a long history of recurring unilateral @entity158 that was sensitive to @entity230 ; criteria for @entity17245 were fulfilled and there was later development of homolateral @entity2694 , six years after the onset of his symptoms. The findings in serial studies conducted with magnetic resonance imaging must be highlighted. The @entity1 was submitted to a surgical intervention to treat the @entity2694 and a chronic inflammatory process was observed in the fibrotic phase. CONCLUSIONS: @entity32 and @entity17245 perhaps have more points in common than has traditionally been accepted. To our knowledge few cases of the above-mentioned association have been reported in the same @entity1 . When confronted by cases of @entity158 with excessive recurrences the physician must consider the possibility of other alternative diagnoses.

title: [ XXXX and @entity2694 . Overlapping conditions in a case with an unusual clinical profile].

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammatory pseudotumour']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital pseudotumour', 'orbital injury', 'OP']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['painful ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity17245 :: ('MESH:D020333', 'Disease') :: ['THS', 'Tolosa-Hunt syndrome']

answer: @entity17245 :: (MESH:D020333,Disease) :: ['Tolosa-Hunt syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess measures of postural stability in a large population of @entity1 aged over 60 years in order to compare performance between fallers and non-fallers and relate postural stability to @entity174 prevalence. METHODS: The sensorimotor, visual and balance functions were measured in 1762 ambulatory, community-dwelling @entity1 aged between 60 and 100 years (mean age, 70.1 years) living in a large semi-urban Australian city. A history of recent falls and @entity174 was recorded at the time of assessment. RESULTS: The prevalence of impairment in all tests increased with age. @entity1 performed significantly better than @entity1 in tests of muscle strength, @entity227 , sway on the floor with eyes open and dynamic balance. In the 12 months before testing, 72.3% of the @entity1 experienced no falls, 18.4% fell only once and 9.3% fell on two or more occasions. Multiple fallers had weaker quadriceps, poorer tactile sensitivity, greater @entity227 and greater body sway than other @entity1 . Test scores for once-only fallers were mostly between those for non-fallers and multiple fallers. Those who suffered recent fall-related @entity174 had significantly reduced tactile sensitivity and quadriceps strength and increased body sway. Postural stability was also impaired in @entity1 taking psychoactive and/or anti- @entity101 medications. CONCLUSION: Tests of postural stability can identify, independently of age, individuals living in the community who are at risk of falls and fall-related @entity174 .

title: Postural stability, falls and XXXX in the elderly: results from the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Men', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field dependence']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: There is no agreed terminology for describing @entity3180 . In this special issue Reilly et al. and Bishop review the history of the most widely used label, 'specific @entity73 ' (SLI), and discuss the pros and cons of various terms. Commentators from a range of backgrounds, in terms of both discipline and geographical background, were then invited to respond to each lead article. AIMS: To summarize the main points made by the commentators and identify (1) points of consensus and disagreement, (2) issues for debate including the drivers for change and diagnostic criteria, and (3) the way forward. CONCLUSIONS _ IMPLICATIONS: There was some common ground, namely that the current situation is not tenable because it impedes clinical and research progress and impacts on access to services. There were also wide-ranging disagreements about which term should be adopted. However, before debating the broad diagnostic label it is essential to consider the diagnostic criteria and the systems used to classify @entity3180 . This is critical in order to facilitate communication between and among clinicians and researchers, across sectors (in particular health and education), with the media and policy-makers and with families and individuals who have @entity3180 . We suggest four criteria be taken into account when establishing diagnostic criteria, including: (1) the features of language, (2) the impact on functioning and participation, (3) the presence/absence of other impairments, and (4) the language trajectory or pathway and age of onset. In future, these criteria may expand to include the genetic and neural markers for @entity3180 . Finally, there was overarching agreement about the need for an international and multidisciplinary forum to move this debate forward. The purpose would be to develop consensus regarding the diagnostic criteria and diagnostic label for @entity1 with @entity3180 . This process should include canvassing the views of families and @entity1 with @entity3180 as well as the views of policy-makers.

title: Terminological debate over @entity73 in XXXX : forward movement and sticking points.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['language impairment']

entities_list: @entity3180 :: ('MESH:D007806', 'Disease') :: ['childhood language problems', 'language problems']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: Two new cell lines were established from a single @entity1 uterine cervical @entity420 which had been successfully transplanted into @entity19 . They were subcultivated more than 70 times over a period of 46 months and designated as TCO-1 and @entity58824 , respectively. Growth characteristics, modes of chromosomes and specific @entity5 makers were different in TCO-1 and @entity58824 . The plating efficiency of TCO-1 was greater and its doubling time was shorter than those of @entity58824 . Modes of chromosomes were 77 in TCO-1 and 94 in @entity58824 . Their chemosensitivities to 13 anticancer drugs were studied by @entity98 assay. Only the @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) was an effective agent for both TCO-1 and @entity58824 cell lines which were characteristically different from each other. The results suggest that @entity1139 would be a promising agent for chemotherapy of @entity1 uterine cervical @entity420 . The influences of 6 hormones ( @entity53 , @entity1420 , @entity586 , @entity11796 , @entity1 menopausal gonadotropin, @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin) on their proliferation were studied by @entity98 assay and dye exclusion assay. TCO-1 and @entity58824 showed no significant changes in proliferation in any of them. It is suggested that hormone replacement therapy could be indicated even for postoperative @entity1 with cervical @entity420 .

title: [Characterization of two novel cell lines established from a single XXXX uterine cervical @entity420 , and their chemosensitivities and hormonal effects on their proliferation].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrotestosterone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

entities_list: @entity11796 :: ('MESH:D017258', 'Chemical') :: ['medroxyprogesterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A 33-year-old @entity1 presented with nonspecific, colicky @entity158 of the left lower abdomen. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a 2-cm mass engulfing the mid-left ureter. Ureteroscopy and biopsy revealed normal mucosa, and CT-guided biopsy of the mass was nondiagnostic. The @entity1 underwent laparoscopic exploration. A frozen section taken from the mass revealed a @entity5 . We excised the whole involved portion of the ureter and performed end-to-end ureteroureteral anastamosis. The postoperative course was uneventful. Examination of a segment of resected ureter revealed a @entity5 diffusely infiltrating the wall of the ureter. There were no features suggesting a malignant phenotype. On follow-up, the @entity1 was found to have developed a stricture at the anastomotic area, which was successfully treated with @entity384 . To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of a @entity5 involving the ureter.

title: XXXX of the ureter: first case reported.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilatation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['granular cell tumour']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Granular cell tumour']


abstract: 1. The antidiuretic effect of @entity918 in @entity2010 was investigated in @entity35 with the @entity74 (Brattleboro @entity35 ). 2. Administration of @entity918 in the food resulted in a marked fall in urine volume and a corresponding rise in osmolality. These effects persisted throughout the period of treatment (6-7 days). 3. Body weight and extracellular volume were significantly reduced in the @entity2740 -treated @entity35 . 4. @entity918 caused an increase in urinary @entity1372 excretion only on the first day of treatment. The resulting small negative @entity1372 balance (in comparison with untreated @entity35 ) remained statistically significant for 2 days only. @entity2740 -treated @entity35 gradually developed a @entity972 deficit which was statistically significant from the fourth day of treatment. 5. Total exchangeable @entity1372 , measured after 7 days of @entity2740 treatment, was not significantly different from that of untreated @entity35 . However, plasma @entity1372 was reduced in @entity2740 -treated animals, whereas erythrocyte @entity1372 concentration was elevated. 6. It is concluded that the antidiuresis resulting from chronic @entity918 administration is associated with a reduction in extracellular volume, but not with a significant overall @entity1372 deficit. @entity918 appears to cause a redistribution of the body's @entity1372 such that the amount of @entity1372 in the extracellular fluid compartment is reduced.

title: The antidiuretic effect of chronic @entity918 treatment in @entity35 with XXXX : water and electrolyte balance.

entities_list: @entity918 :: ('MESH:D006852', 'Chemical') :: ['Hydrochlorothiazide', 'hydrochlorothiazide']

entities_list: @entity2740 :: ('CHEBI:50264', 'Chemical') :: ['thiazide', 'Thiazide']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['hereditary hypothalamic form of the disease']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity2010 :: ('MESH:D003919', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes insipidus']

answer: @entity2010 :: (MESH:D003919,Disease) :: ['diabetes insipidus']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Objective. Conflicting results on the association between @entity9769 polymorphism and @entity135 ( @entity135 ) risk were reported. We therefore performed a meta-analysis to derive a more precise relationship between @entity9769 @entity9770 polymorphism and @entity135 risk. Methods. Three online databases of PubMed, Embase, and CNKI were researched on the associations between @entity9769 @entity9770 polymorphism and @entity135 risk. Twenty-three published case-control studies involving 4,955 cases and 8,805 controls were collected. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to evaluate the relationship between @entity9769 @entity9770 polymorphism and @entity135 risk. Sensitivity analysis, cumulative analyses, and publication bias were conducted to validate the strength of the results. Results. Overall, no significant association between @entity9769 @entity9770 polymorphism and @entity135 risk was found in this meta-analysis (T versus C: OR = 1.04, 95% CI = 0.92-1.18; TT versus CC: OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.90-1.46; CT versus CC: OR = 1.00, 95% CI = 0.85-1.17; CT + TT versus CC: OR = 1.01, 95% CI = 0.87-1.18; TT versus CC + CT: OR = 1.11, 95% CI = 0.98-1.26). In the subgroup analysis by HWE, ethnicity, study design, @entity5 location, and negative significant associations were detected in almost all genetic models, except for few significant risks that were found in @entity259 . Conclusion. This meta-analysis demonstrates that @entity9769 @entity9770 polymorphism may not be a risk factor for the developing of @entity135 .

title: XXXX @entity9770 Gene Polymorphism and Head and Neck Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis Based on 23 Publications.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer', 'HNC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity9769 :: (4524,Gene) :: ['MTHFR']


abstract: Dr. Wagner's description of an advanced macronodular @entity82 is compatible with @entity3851 due to a variety of causes. An alcoholic etiology seems more probable than chronic viral @entity99 since such a diagnosis might also account for the chronic @entity788 , unless it was related to the @entity2963 . However, Dr. Wagner's description favors a diagnosis of biliary pigment sludge related to @entity2142 . Furthermore, the controversy over the extent of Beethoven's @entity167 consumption and the absence of mention of pancreatic @entity730 weakens the case for an alcoholic etiology. On the other hand, Dr. Wagner's emphasis of bluish-green pigmentation of the liver, blackish pigmentation of the spleen, and an arteropathy of the hepatic vessels suggests the probability of @entity9595 , which diagnosis is also in keeping with Beethoven's medical history. In this regard the composer's history of recurrent obscure @entity490 , commencing in his third decade, is especially in keeping with @entity9595 . As many as a third of @entity1 present with recurrent @entity490 , and eventually up to 40% of cases develop significant @entity490 in the course of their disease. While some of these cases of @entity490 have been attributed to @entity157 , @entity843 , @entity788 , perisplenitis, or @entity3949 , the majority remain ill-defined (32). Even so, the diagnosis of @entity9595 remains unproved in the absence of a histological examination and measurement of hepatic @entity68 concentration. It is proposed that the combined additive, toxic effects of @entity167 and @entity68 were the most likely cause of Beethoven's @entity82 .

title: Was Beethoven's XXXX due to @entity9595 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity2963 :: ('MESH:D002769', 'Disease') :: ['cholelithiasis']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity9595 :: ('MESH:D006432', 'Disease') :: ['hemochromatosis']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['cirrhosis']


abstract: @entity30 is a @entity395 in Korea, and only 45 cases have been reported during the period of 34 years from 1952 to 1985. The male to female ratio was about 1.3 to 1 with a slight preponderance of males. The age at diagnosis ranged from 8 to 72 (mean 35.5) years, and the peak incidence occurred in the 3rd, 4th and 5th decades and declined thereafter. More than two thirds of the cases had a grossly demonstrable lesion involving the small bowel, including the terminal ileum. The proportion of @entity1 with @entity66 continued to the large bowel alone was only 15%. @entity490 was common, presenting in 89% of the @entity1 , while such symptoms as @entity221 , @entity360 and @entity294 were not common. Abdominal mass was palpable in more than half the cases, which made it difficult to differentiate @entity30 from @entity694 , especially in cases with a predominant infiltration of the bowel wall and a secondary @entity1066 formation. That is one of the reasons why most cases in Korea have been reported by surgeons. A wide variety of complications were present, of which @entity1744 was the most common. Other complications were free perforation, @entity3147 , @entity292 formation, @entity548 and @entity733 formation, in decreasing order. The incidence of symptomatic perianal disease was only 11%, and this might be due to the small proportion of the disease confined to large bowel. Extraintestinal manifestations were also rare, and only three @entity1 presented symptoms of @entity625 . Other systemic features such as @entity409 , @entity9665 were absent.

title: Clinical features of XXXX in Korea.

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['hematochezia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['macroscopic disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['Abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the colon']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity9665 :: ('MESH:D017445', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesion, eye complications']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: We performed a retrospective study of symptomatic @entity1095 to determine if MR imaging can be used to distinguish slow-flow @entity1211 from high-flow @entity2758 and @entity2548 . Twenty-seven MR examinations in 25 @entity1 with @entity600 outside the CNS were reviewed. Sixteen @entity1211 , nine @entity2758 , and two @entity2548 were included. In all cases, the MR findings were correlated with the results of angiography. The distinction between slow-flow @entity1211 and high-flow @entity2758 and @entity2548 was made primarily on T2-weighted MR images, which showed high signal intensity in @entity1211 and flow voids in high-flow lesions. In addition to the previously described MR features of @entity1211 ( @entity9155 pattern with septations, associated @entity2057 , and typical T1 and T2 signal intensities), several new MR features were apparent. @entity1211 had a propensity for multifocal involvement (37%), orientation along the long axis of extremities or affected muscles (78%), and adherence to neurovascular distributions (64%). Prominent subcutaneous fat was commonly seen adjacent to the @entity600 . MR images of @entity2758 and @entity2548 also commonly showed @entity2057 and subcutaneous fatty prominence. Our results show that slow-flow @entity1211 can be distinguished from high-flow @entity2758 and @entity292 on the basis of spin-echo MR signal characteristics. The associated imaging characteristics help in the differential diagnosis in problematic cases.

title: MR imaging of symptomatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular malformations']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity2758 :: ('MESH:D001165', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous malformations']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistulas']

entities_list: @entity9155 :: ('CHEBI:46670', 'Chemical') :: ['serpentine']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['Venous malformations', 'venous malformations']

answer: @entity1095 :: (MESH:D016491,Disease) :: ['peripheral vascular malformations']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the prognostic value of foetal fibronectin and cervical length for predicting imminent @entity3152 among Dutch @entity1 , who in the Netherlands normally undergo a digital examination of the cervix prior to referral to a hospital or university medical centre. DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. METHODS: Pregnant @entity1 with symptoms of @entity3152 and a gestational age between 24 and 34 weeks were included. A fibronectin smear was taken from them and the cervical length was measured. Primary outcome was delivery within 7 days after inclusion. Sensitivity, specificity and a receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve were calculated. RESULTS: 13 (12%) of the 108 included @entity1 delivered spontaneously within 7 days after inclusion. The fibronectin test had a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 60%. The positive and negative predictive values were 27% and 98% respectively. For @entity1 who had undergone a digital examination prior to testing, the predictive value was slightly less but the difference was not significant. Although measurement of the cervical length scarcely had a predictive value, none of the @entity1 with a cervical length above 35 mm delivered within 7 days. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with an imminent @entity3152 , a negative fibronectin test virtually ruled out delivery within 7 days. The fibronectin test can therefore also be used in the Dutch situation. In @entity1 with a cervix length greater than 35 mm, the chance of a @entity3152 within 7 days is very small and a fibronectin test does not need to be performed in their case.

title: [Predicating imminent XXXX based on a determination of foetal fibronectin in a vaginal smear].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'women']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm labour']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm labour']


abstract: The T cell-derived cytokine interleukin (IL) 4 is known to increase the proliferative response of T cells stimulated with @entity5003 . @entity58 is also an autocrine growth factor for @entity1605 helper cells (Th2) cells. In the present studies, we examined the effect of @entity19 recombinant @entity58 on the expression of the @entity5003 receptor type I (IL 1RtI) in @entity19 Th2 cell lines at the mRNA and surface level. Using a specific anti-murine IL 1RtI monoclonal antibody and flow microfluorometry, we found that @entity58 increased the surface expression of IL 1RtI in a dose-dependent manner. In @entity58392 cells, a subline of the Th2 cell line D10.G4.1, 50-500 pg/ml @entity58 up-regulated the receptor 1.8- to 3.2-fold (p less than 0.05). This up-regulation was also seen at the mRNA level. The effect was not due to increased stability of the mRNA, since @entity58 did not modify the half-life of IL 1RtI mRNA. @entity58 also up-regulated IL 1RtI on CDC25 cells, another Th2 cell line. However, we did not observe an effect of @entity58 on gene expression of IL 1RtI in BALB/c 3T3 fibroblasts. @entity2047 and @entity58 showed an additive effect in up-regulating IL 1RtI and @entity58392 cells. These studies indicate that @entity58 up-regulates IL 1RtI in @entity19 Th2 cells by increasing gene expression for IL 1RtI without affecting mRNA stability. Thus, @entity58 production by Th2 cells may amplify the immune response via up-regulation of IL 1RtI.

title: Interleukin 4 (IL) 4 up-regulates gene and surface @entity5003 receptor type I in XXXX T helper type 2 cells.

entities_list: @entity58392 :: ('p|SUB|D|10|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['D10S']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Although @entity295 is associated with increased production of cellular pro- and anti-inflammatory mediators by monocyte/macrophages, the compartmentalization and nature of such activation has not been clearly defined. The authors examined the activation of nonlymphocytic mononuclear cells in different compartments in the @entity1588 ( @entity1588 ) model of @entity298 . Control and @entity1588 @entity35 mononuclear cells from the peritoneal cavity, bronchoalveolar, as well as the lung vascular compartment were isolated 24 and 48 hours post surgery and release of @entity842 (NO), interleukin (IL)-12, and @entity657 ( @entity657 ) was measured from culture media. Peritoneal macrophages (PMs) from @entity1588 @entity35 increased release of all three mediators compared to controls. Cells from the lung vascular compartment after @entity1588 increased release of NO, but @entity657 release was unchanged. Levels of @entity567 were not detectable. Similarly, bronchoalveolar macrophages (BMs) of @entity1588 @entity35 had increased release of NO, whereas @entity567 was not detectable. Release of @entity657 increased 48 hours after @entity1588 . Almost all PMs and BMs possessed innate phagocytic ability that was not altered during @entity295 . The percentage of cells in the lung vascular compartment that had phagocytic ability, increased 48 hours post @entity1588 , versus controls. The authors also evaluated @entity651 at 24 hours after surgery by measurement of bronchoalveolar lavage protein and LDH activity. There was an increase in both these parameters 24 hours after @entity1588 as compared to controls. Thus, there was heterogenous and compartment-specific activation of mononuclear cells in @entity295 . There was nonspecific inflammatory activation in the primary site of injury. In a remote organ (lung), the authors show for the first time that there was selective activation of NO without increased release of the proinflammatory cytokine, @entity567 . Phagocytic activity was maintained in the bronchoalveolar compartment whereas in the lung vascular compartment, the percentage of phagocytic cells increased.

title: Heterogenous and compartment-specific activation of nonlymphocytic, mononuclear cells in intraabdominal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity657 :: ('24770(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemoattractant protein-1', 'MCP-1']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity1588 :: ('MESH:D002429', 'Disease') :: ['CLP', 'cecal ligation and puncture']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['septic peritonitis']

answer: @entity295 :: (MESH:D018805,Disease) :: ['sepsis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To revise the content of the Functional Index in @entity5442 (FI) and to evaluate measurement properties of a revised FI. METHODS: Previously performed FI (n = 287) were analyzed for internal redundancy and consistency, and ceiling and floor effects. Content was evaluated and a preliminary revised FI was developed. To evaluate the construct validity of the preliminary revised FI, it was compared with isokinetic measurements of muscular strength and endurance, the @entity5442 Activities Profile, disease impact on general wellbeing, and @entity908 phosphokinase levels. Minor adjustments were made and the revised FI was investigated for interrater reliability and intrarater reliability over a 1-week period. After this, some minor, additional adjustments were made leading to the final version, FI-2. RESULTS: Five tasks were removed from the original FI due to ceiling effects. Performance pace and number of repetitions were modified for the remaining tasks. A moderate correlation (r(s) = 0.58) was found between the shoulder flexion task of the preliminary revised FI and isokinetic measurements of shoulder flexion endurance. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for interrater reliability of the revised FI varied from 0.86-0.99 with no systematic differences. ICC for intrarater reliability varied from 0.56-0.99 with systematic differences (P < 0.05) between test and retest in 3 of the tasks. The sit-up task was excluded due to low intrarater reliability resulting in the final 7-item FI-2. There was a good correlation between tasks on the right and left side suggesting that the FI-2 could be performed unilaterally. CONCLUSION: The FI-2 is a valid and reliable outcome measure of impairment for @entity1 with @entity6558 or @entity6017 . It is well tolerated and the unilateral FI-2 requires a maximum of 20 minutes to perform. Further evaluation of sensitivity to change and testing in healthy individuals needs to be conducted.

title: Functional index-2: Validity and reliability of a disease-specific measure of impairment in @entity1 with XXXX and @entity6017 .

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis']

entities_list: @entity5442 :: ('MESH:D009220', 'Disease') :: ['Myositis', 'myositis']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['polymyositis']

answer: @entity6558 :: (MESH:D017285,Disease) :: ['polymyositis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin A @entity1333 (IgA-V), formerly known as @entity5417 (HSP), is the most common small vessel @entity1333 in @entity1 . In recent years, the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of HSP/IgA-V has become a focus of research. METHODS: Renal biopsy specimens from 22 pediatric @entity1 diagnosed with Henoch-Sch  nlein @entity1310 ( @entity1 group) were compared to normal renal tissue in nephrectomy specimens from 20 pediatric @entity1 diagnosed with @entity3969 (control group). All renal specimens were scored according to International Study of @entity8 in @entity1 (ISKDC) and Oxford classification. Immunohistochemical analyses of @entity379 ( @entity379 ), interleukin (IL)-4, @entity4155 and @entity403 expression were performed. RESULTS: All glomeruli and tubules of the HSP/IgA-V @entity1 showed significantly higher @entity379 and @entity4155 expression than those of the control group. Glomerular @entity379 and @entity4155 staining grades correlated with the urinary protein/ @entity1011 ratio (r   =   0.62, p   =   0.02 and r =   0.507, p   =   0.016, respectively). @entity4155 expression also correlated with the percentage of crescents (r   =   0.518, p   =   0.014). @entity3646 staining was present in only nine of the 22 @entity1 biopsies and did not correlate with any of the parameters studied. Interstitial areas of @entity1 biopsies had more @entity403 + cells/ m(2) than those of the control group (p   <   0.001), but differences in glomerular and tubular @entity403 + levels (cells/ m(2)) between the two groups were not statistically different. The ISKDC and Oxford scores did not correlate with any parameter studied. However, endocapillary hypercellularity did correlate with @entity379 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these results, we conclude that @entity379 and @entity4155 contribute to HSP/IgA-V in @entity1 .

title: Studying cytokines of T helper cells in the @entity8 of XXXX ( @entity5417 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['nephritis']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Kidney Disease']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity5417 :: ('MESH:D011695', 'Disease') :: ['Henoch-Sch  nlein purpura']

entities_list: @entity379 :: ('3458', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-y', 'interferon-gamma']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ['Wilms tumor']

answer: @entity1333 :: (MESH:D014657,Disease) :: ['IgA vasculitis']


abstract: @entity1127 are rare lesions in @entity1 undergoing Esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD), and the prevalence varies widely with range of 0.3-4.6% of cases. Duodenal @entity652 most commonly occur in association with @entity1412 . Isolated occurrence of such @entity652 is very rare and presentation as upper gastrointestinal (GI) @entity548 is even rarer. We herein report a case of elderly male @entity1 presenting to emergency department with features of @entity360 . @entity1 was resuscitated followed by EGD was done. On @entity1127 was found and endoscopic polypectomy was done to control the @entity548 . Subsequent colonoscopy was done and was normal. The histopathological examination of the polypectomy specimen revealed @entity6523 which is a @entity558 . We also highlight the clinical presentation, histological types and treatment modalities available in the literature. However, there is lack of consensus regarding the outcome of various procedure described in the literature.

title: @entity652 presenting as XXXX - a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['premalignant condition']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['EGD bleeding duodenal polyp', 'Duodenal polyps']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

entities_list: @entity6523 :: ('MESH:D018256', 'Disease') :: ['tubular adenomatous polyp']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper GI bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleed']


abstract: Although @entity1 with @entity1276 frequently show poor development of nonverbal cognitive skills relative to verbal skills, little is known about the neuropathologic correlates of these discrepancies. In this study, cerebral white-matter structures and lateral ventricles were measured from the magnetic resonance images of age-matched @entity1 with meningomyelocele, meningocele, and @entity1276 and normal subjects. The volume of each lateral ventricle and the cross-sectional area of the corpus callosum and internal capsules were correlated with concurrent measures of verbal and nonverbal cognitive skills. The corpus callosum in the @entity1276 groups was smaller. The lateral ventricles were larger, and the internal capsules were smaller, in all @entity1 groups than in normal subjects. There were no differences in the size of the centra semiovale. Although verbal and nonverbal measures correlated positively with the size of the corpus callosum, the correlation was higher for nonverbal measures. Nonverbal measures correlated with the right, but not the left, lateral ventricle and with the area of the right and left internal capsules. Verbal measures correlated with the left, but not right, lateral ventricle and with the left, but not right, internal capsule. These results show a relationship between the corpus callosum and cognitive skills that is also influenced by @entity1276 -related changes in the lateral ventricles and other cerebral white-matter tracts.

title: Cerebral white matter and cognition in hydrocephalic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus', 'aqueductal stenosis', 'meningomyelocele and aqueductal stenosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clarify the full range of benefits and adverse consequences of @entity1534 eradication as a strategy for @entity356 prevention, the community-based intervention trial was launched in Linqu County, China. DESIGN: A total of 184,786 residents aged 25-54   years were enrolled in this trial and received @entity19018 breath test. @entity1534 positive @entity1 were assigned into two groups, either receiving a 10-day quadruple anti-H. @entity1534 treatment or lookalike placebos together with a single dosage of @entity4546 and @entity1535 . RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity1534 in trial @entity1 was 57.6%. A total of 94,101 subjects completed the treatment. The overall @entity1534 eradication rate was 72.9% in the active group. Gender, body mass index, history of @entity1819 , baseline delta over baseline-value of @entity19018 breath test, missed medication doses, smoking and drinking were independent predictors of eradication failure. The missed doses and high baseline delta over baseline-value were important contributors in @entity1 and @entity1 (all Ptrend<0.001). However, a dose-response relationship between failure rate and smoking or drinking index was found in @entity1 (all Ptrend<0.001), while high body mass index (Ptrend<0.001) and history of @entity1819 were significant predictors in @entity1 . The treatment failure rate increased up to 48.8% (OR 2.87, 95% CI 2.24 to 3.68) in @entity1 and 39.4% (OR 2.67, 95% CI 1.61 to 4.42) in @entity1 with multiple factors combined. CONCLUSIONS: This large community-based intervention trial to eradicate @entity1534 is feasible and acceptable. The findings of this trial lead to a distinct evaluation of factors influencing eradication that should be generally considered for future eradication therapies. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ChiCTR-TRC-10000979 in accordance with WHO ICTRP requirements.

title: A large randomised controlled intervention trial to prevent @entity356 by eradication of XXXX in Linqu County, China: baseline results and factors affecting the eradication.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['stomach disease']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['H. pylori', 'pylori', 'Helicobacter pylori']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity1534 :: (210,Species) :: ['Helicobacter pylori']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We conducted a multi-institutional phase II study to evaluate the tolerability and activity of a sequential schedule of treatment with @entity632 and @entity1205 in chemotherapy-naive @entity1 with @entity0 . METHODS: A total of 73 @entity1 with PS (ECOG) 0-2, aged <70 years and adequate bone marrow, @entity177 were included in the study (13 stage III B and 60 stage IV). The schedule of administration was @entity632 50 mg/m2 by intravenous (i.v.) 30 min injection on day 1 followed the day after by @entity1205 75 mg/m2, by i.v. 60 min infusion. Cycles were repeated every 28 days. RESULTS: Overall, the median number of administered cycles was 6 (range 1-14). The most common @entity137 was hematological, with 56.2% of the @entity1 who experienced grade 3-4 @entity1398 . However, @entity1398 occurred only in 2.8% of the cases. The median cumulative dose of @entity632 was 350 mg/m2 (range 50-700 mg/m2). Eleven @entity1 (15.4%) were documented to have >10% but <20% decrease in the left ventricular ejection fraction. No case of @entity712 was recorded. No @entity1 experienced treatment-related @entity204 . Among the 68 evaluable @entity1 , the overall objective response rate was 73.5% (95% confidence limits: 63-84%): 10 @entity1 (14.7%) obtained a complete remission and 40 (58.8%) had a partial response. Only 10 @entity1 (14.7%) experienced @entity74 . The median duration of response was 10 months (2-54+). CONCLUSION: This sequential treatment with @entity632 and @entity1205 is an effective, feasible and a well-tolerated regimen. The main @entity137 was @entity1398 . The lack of @entity1370 is an important advantage of such a @entity632 - @entity1205 combination and it justifies phase III comparative studies with other @entity8253 /taxanes containing schedules in both advanced and @entity0 .

title: XXXX - @entity1205 sequential schedule: results of front-line treatment in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['early-stage breast cancer', 'advanced breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity8253 :: ('MESH:D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracyclines']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal, liver and cardiac functions']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['cardiotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['progressive disease']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['Doxorubicin']


abstract: Management of @entity10128 with @entity1625 remains controversial. We have used stereotactic thermocoagulation for treatment of @entity10128 with @entity1625 since 1997. Herein, we review our experience in five cases to clarify the usefulness of this treatment. A total of five @entity1 with @entity10128 were treated by stereotactic thermocoagulation at our hospital during the period October 1997 through February 2004. In all @entity1 , the @entity4607 was less than 10mm in diameter and was located on the floor of the third ventricle with sessile attachment to the wall. To identify ictal onset, chronic intracranial electroencephalography was performed in three @entity1 with the use of a depth electrode implanted in the @entity4607 . Attempts were made to induce gelastic @entity410 by electrical stimulation of the @entity4607 in three @entity1 . After magnetic resonance imaging-guided targeting, radiofrequency thermocoagulation of the boundary between the @entity4607 and normal hypothalamus was performed to achieve disconnection effects. Marked reductions in @entity410 frequency were obtained in all cases, with three @entity1 becoming @entity410 -free after the procedure. No intraoperative complications occurred except in one @entity1 who experienced acute and transient panidrosis with hot flushes during coagulation. Our results suggest that stereotactic thermocoagulation of @entity10128 is an acceptable treatment option for @entity1 with intractable @entity410 .

title: Stereotactic radiofrequency thermocoagulation for XXXX with intractable @entity410 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'gelastic seizures']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['intractable gelastic epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity10128 :: ('MESH:C537158', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamic hamartoma']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['hamartoma']

answer: @entity10128 :: (MESH:C537158,Disease) :: ['hypothalamic hamartoma']


abstract: Twenty-six @entity1 underwent conventional exercise/4-h redistribution thallium myocardial perfusion imaging as well as rest/exercise imaging on different days. For the rest/exercise study, @entity1 were imaged 10 min after receiving 1 mCi thallium at rest. The resting study was immediately followed by symptom-limited treadmill exercise. @entity1 were injected with 2 mCi thallium at peak exercise and imaged 10 min later. The entire rest/exercise study was completed in 2 h. There was a high degree of correlation between the two studies. Of the 130 segments analysed, 84 were normal and 46 were abnormal by exercise/redistribution imaging whereas 88 were normal and 42 were abnormal by rest/exercise imaging. Among the 14 @entity1 who had coronary arteriography, both exercise/redistribution and rest/exercise imaging correctly identified 23/35 segments as abnormal (sensitivity [pi003] 66%) and 34/35 segments as normal (specificity = 97%). Furthermore, abnormal segments were more likely to be reversible on the rest/exercise study. The results suggest that the accuracy of rest/exercise thallium imaging is equal to conventional exercise/redistribution imaging in the evaluation of @entity453 . The significant time economy and possible improvement in assessing myocardial viability are important potential advantages of this new technique.

title: Rest/exercise thallium myocardial perfusion imaging: a new and rapid technique to evaluate XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) is recommended for the treatment of @entity308 and @entity148 . However, access is limited. Low-intensity approaches such as guided CBT self-help (bibliotherapy) can increase access to treatment and is recommended by UK guidelines. No previous research has explored the provision of group-based guidance/support for a bibliotherapy approach for @entity308 and @entity148 in community settings. The objective was to carry out a pilot study of a group guided self-help intervention, using community based recruitment methods. METHOD: A randomised controlled trial comparing an 8  week CBT group guided self-help intervention to usual care. Recruitment and the delivery of the intervention were carried out in Glasgow and Derry/Londonderry in partnership with national @entity308 charities. Fifty-three @entity1 were randomised, however we refer only to the forty-six @entity1 who provided baseline data: 16 males and 30 females, aged 16 or over, with a PHQ-9 score of   >=    5, were recruited from the community. The mean age of the sample was 43.7 (sd   =   13) and 93.5% of @entity1 had suffered from low mood for a year or more. RESULTS: There was effective recruitment, randomisation, uptake and adherence with 21 Immediate Access (IA) and 25 Delayed Access Control (DAC) @entity1 . The intervention was highly acceptable to @entity1 attending on average 4.46 of the 8 sessions (sd 3.06), 65.2% attended more than half of all sessions. The mean satisfaction on the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire was 28 out of 32 (sd 4.8). The provisional results in the pilot suggest the intervention may improve both @entity148 and @entity308 . At three months, data collection was achieved from 74% of @entity1 . The trial successfully provided estimates of the sample size needed for the future planned trial. CONCLUSIONS: Low-intensity group-based classes may offer an alternative method of managing @entity308 and @entity148 and warrant further research. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN84893887 . Registered 3 November 2011.

title: A community-based pilot randomised controlled study of life skills classes for individuals with low mood and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Review of the literatureObjective. To retrospectively examine the frequency of published @entity364 by species and the treatment algorithms used to eradicate the disease. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity364 of the spine present unique challenges to the modern multispecialty treatment team. Although rare in comparison to @entity281 have been increasing in incidence over the past several decades. Evidences based practice is limited to referencing smaller case series. METHODS: Medline, Scopus, and Embase searches were carried out by one of the authors as well as by the research desk at the University of Miami/ Calder Memorial Library. We included peer-reviewed papers published between 1948 and September, 2010; case reports, series, and reviews were all examined and compiled into a database. RESULTS: A total of 130 papers, representing 157 cases, were included in the review. Aspergillus (60 cases, 38.2% of the total) and Candida species (36 cases, 22.9% of the total) were the two most common organisms. Surgery was associated with a greater survival rate than medical management alone in @entity1 with Aspergillus (26.9% mortality in surgical @entity1 ; 60% in medically treated @entity1 ) and Candida (0% versus 28.6%). Overall mortality was 19.3%. The overall recurrence rate was 7.4%. @entity2379 use was associated with a higher mortality rate than @entity8201 . CONCLUSIONS: Aspergillus is the most common published pathogen in @entity364 of the spine. Recent publications depicting the use of newer antifungal medications such as @entity8201 report higher survival rates. Surgically treated @entity1 in combination with antifungal therapy showed highest frequencies of @entity1 survival in Aspergillus and @entity6923 .

title: XXXX of the Spine.

entities_list: @entity6923 :: ('MESH:C536777', 'Disease') :: ['Candida infections']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['Amphotericin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections, fungal infections']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['Fungal infections', 'fungal infections']

answer: @entity364 :: (MESH:D009181,Disease) :: ['Fungal Infections']


abstract: @entity532 are a common cause of @entity2685 in neonates. @entity1109 leads to @entity130 and poor limb function. It is not known whether the @entity1 suffers chronic @entity1109 or spinal cord root @entity155 @entity158 ; in adults, @entity1118 is usual after spinal root @entity155 injuries, and this is often intractable. The plexus is repaired surgically in severe neonatal injures; if no spontaneous recovery has occurred by 3 months, and if neurophysiological investigations point to poor prognosis, then nerve trunk injures are grafted, while spinal cord root @entity155 injuries are treated by transferring an intact neighbouring nerve (e.g. intercostal) to the distal stump of the damaged nerve, in an attempt to restore sensorimotor function. Using a range of non-invasive quantitative measures validated in adults, including mechanical, thermal and vibration perception thresholds, we have assessed for the first time sensory and cholinergic sympathetic function in 24 @entity1 aged between 3 and 23 years, who had suffered severe @entity2685 at birth. While recovery of function after spinal root @entity155 was related demonstrably to surgery, there were remarkable differences from adults, including excellent restoration of sensory function (to normal limits in all dermatomes for at least one modality in 16 out of 20 operated cases), and evidence of exquisite CNS plasticity, i.e. perfect localization of restored sensation in avulsed spinal root dermatomes, now presumably routed via nerves that had been transferred from a distant spinal region. Sensory recovery exceeded motor or cholinergic sympathetic recovery. There was no evidence of @entity1118 behaviour or @entity1109 , although @entity158 was reported normally to external stimuli in unaffected regions. We propose that differences in neonates are related to later maturation of injured fibres, and that CNS plasticity may account for their lack of long-term @entity1118 after spinal root @entity155 injury.

title: Restoration of sensory function and lack of long-term XXXX syndromes after @entity2685 in @entity1 neonates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Failure to restore sensation', 'neuropathic syndromes', 'neuropathic']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Obstetric complications']

entities_list: @entity155 :: ('MESH:D014084', 'Disease') :: ['avulsion']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['trophic injuries']

entities_list: @entity2685 :: ('MESH:C536265', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus injuries', 'brachial plexus injury']

answer: @entity1118 :: (MESH:D059350,Disease) :: ['chronic pain']


abstract: Recent studies have implicated a variant of the @entity1289 gene ( @entity1289 ), associated with increased activity of this enzyme, in the development and progression of @entity2316 . This study provides a systematic review of all cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies in @entity1 with insulin-dependent ( @entity1723 ) or non-insulin-dependent ( @entity2175 ) @entity6 of any race, examining the relationship between the @entity1289 -insertion/deletion polymorphism and @entity8 . Nineteen studies in 21 populations published between 1994 and 1997 presenting data on 5336 @entity1 were reviewed. Two investigators independently assessed the studies on methodologic quality, performance of study, and association between the @entity1289 -insertion/deletion polymorphism and @entity8 . Separate analyses of the relationship between genotype and allele frequencies were performed for @entity1 with @entity1723 and @entity2175 by race, using Peto's odds ratio. In Caucasians with @entity1723 , pooling was not performed due to heterogeneity of the studies, but among the homogeneous studies, no association was detected. Likewise, no association was observed in Caucasian @entity1 with @entity2175 (odds ratio [OR], 1.10; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.83 to 1.45). In Asian @entity1 with @entity2175 , the risk of @entity8 was increased in the presence of the @entity336 or ID genotype (OR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.42 to 2.85). Although this analysis fails to confirm an association between the @entity1289 -insertion/deletion genotype and @entity8 in Caucasians with @entity2175 or @entity1723 , a role for this genetic marker in Asian @entity1 cannot be ruled out. However, due to methodologic limitations of individual studies, no definite conclusions can be drawn from this analysis. Clearly, more rigorous methodology needs to be applied in future studies.

title: Association between the XXXX -insertion/deletion polymorphism and @entity2316 : a methodologic appraisal and systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

answer: @entity1289 :: (1636,Gene) :: ['angiotensin-converting enzyme']


abstract: @entity1120 involves the liver, the spleen, and the bone. @entity409 were used during an 8-yr period to evaluate changes caused by this disease. @entity1 were investigated with a liver-spleen scan for @entity490 , mechanical discomfort, enlarged liver or spleen on physical examination, abdominal mass, @entity409 tests, and symptoms of @entity6118 . Fourteen liver-spleen scans were performed in nine @entity1 . @entity409 showed various degrees of enlargement and inhomogeneous uptake. In two @entity1 focal defects were detected. In one, focal defects were due to liver involvement with @entity1120 , but in the other they were caused by metastatic @entity3123 . The study was also useful in detecting @entity1188 and in following enlargement of the spleen after partial splenectomy. The main indication for bone scintigraphy in six @entity1 was @entity158 . This was found to be caused by either @entity39 of the head of the femur, @entity1188 , @entity174 , or @entity4034 . Loosening after total hip replacement was ruled out in three @entity1 and missed in one @entity1 . Scintigraphy appears to be a simple, sensitive test for evaluation of the liver, spleen, and bony skeleton in @entity1 with symptomatic @entity1120 .

title: Scintigraphic findings in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['pathological fractures']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver scintigraphy', 'abnormal liver function', 'Liver-spleen and bone scintigraphy']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['bone infarction', 'splenic infarction']

entities_list: @entity1120 :: ('MESH:D005776', 'Disease') :: ["Gaucher's disease"]

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity6118 :: ('MESH:D006971', 'Disease') :: ['hypersplenism']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['bone pain']

answer: @entity1120 :: (MESH:D005776,Disease) :: ['Gaucher's disease']


abstract: @entity393 ( @entity393 ) is genetically heterogeneous and can be caused by mutations in multiple gene lesions. @entity18260 , caused by mutation of @entity6361 , is one of the common causes of @entity3491 . Mitochondrial mutation is another rare cause of @entity393 , resulting in late onset @entity1274 . Recently, we evaluated a young @entity1 representing bilateral progressive moderate @entity393 with delayed language development, along with her family. Hearing test, temporal bone computed tomography, and genetic evaluation of @entity3492 , @entity22536 , @entity6361 gene mutations were performed on each family member. Her mother was prelingually deaf and displayed @entity15902 ( @entity15902 ) along with @entity5651 . Interestingly, subject's mother showed both @entity6361 mutation and mitochondrial @entity14505 heteroplasmic mutation at the same time. The sisters did not display @entity15902 or @entity5651 . Although the subject's older sister showed both @entity2319 and mitochondrial @entity14505 heteroplasmy, her younger sister showed only @entity14505 homoplasmy, which suggests @entity14505 homoplasmy as the genetic cause of @entity393 . This is the first report of @entity393 caused by mitochondrial @entity14505 homoplasmy from a mother with @entity18260 coexistent with @entity14505 heteroplasmy in the Korean population.

title: A1555G homoplasmic mutation from XXXX heteroplasmic mother with @entity18260 .

entities_list: @entity18260 :: ('MESH:C536648', 'Disease') :: ['Pendred syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3491 :: ('MESH:C580334', 'Disease') :: ['recessive syndromic profound HL']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['prelingual deafness']

entities_list: @entity15902 :: ('MESH:C566366', 'Disease') :: ['EVA', 'enlarged vestibular aqueduct']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural HL']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['HL', 'genetic HL', 'hearing loss', 'Hearing loss']

answer: @entity14505 :: (c|SUB|A|1555|G,DNAMutation) :: ['A1555G']


abstract: @entity957 antigen (SCCA), a 45-kDa @entity5 -associated serpin, mainly consists of two highly homologous molecules, @entity6461 and @entity28306 , which possess unique proteinase inhibitory properties. Importantly, our previous study demonstrated that an intact structure of SCCAs, and not a cleaved form yielded by interacting with target proteinase, is essential for their function as a serpin. The aim of this study is therefore, to develop a simple method of analyzing expression patterns of intact forms of SCCAs (functional SCCAs) in cervical squamous epithelial tissues and to investigate whether there are any differences in the expression of intact forms of SCCAs between normal and malignant cervical squamous epithelial tissues. We used nondenaturing @entity2975 gel electrophoresis (PAGE) with immunoblotting. The newly generated antibody, Pab Y2, recognizes only intact form of SCCAs, while the conventional antibody, Mab 27, reacts with the cleaved form of @entity6461 as well as intact forms of SCCAs. Nondenaturing PAGE using Pab Y2 showed that an intact form of SCCAs in the heat-treated tissue extract at 60 degrees C for 2 h was separated into at least five bands, termed as bands A-E from cathode to anode. By comparison with two-dimensional electrophoresis patterns of SCCAs, it was found that the first three bands, i.e. bands A-C, are derived from the intact form of @entity6461 , while the other two bands, i.e. band D and E are from the intact form of @entity28306 . Specifically, band E, but not band D, of @entity28306 is apparently @entity957 compared with normal squamous epithelium. In conclusion, this novel analytical approach will be useful for investigating the different expression patterns of functional SCCAs between normal and malignant cervical squamous epithelial tissues.

title: Different expression patterns of intact forms of @entity957 antigens between normal and malignant cervical squamous epithelial tissues: nondenaturing XXXX gel electrophoretic analysis.

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['increased in squamous cell carcinomas', 'Squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

answer: @entity2975 :: (CHEBI:51135,Chemical) :: ['polyacrylamide']


abstract: The concept of immunosurveillance against @entity5 has been an extensively debated question over the last decades. Multiple indirect arguments have supported the view that the immune system may control, at least in certain cases, malignant cell growth while direct demonstration is still lacking in the @entity1 . In an attempt to address this issue, we have selected a study model, namely spontaneously regressive @entity320 . In previous series of experiments, the variability of T cell receptors (TCRs) in the lymphocytes infiltrating a regressive @entity5 lesion was investigated. Results demonstrated that clonal T cell populations, precisely defined through their V-D-J junctional sequences, were amplified in situ. One clone was predominant, expressing the V beta 16 variable gene segment. A specific anti-V beta 16 @entity6057 mAb was generated here to purify and functionally characterize the corresponding cells. A @entity5 -infiltrating lymphocyte-derived V beta 16+ T cell line was developed using this reagent. These in vitro cultured cells were found to express the in vivo predominant @entity6057 sequence exclusively and to display an HLA-B14-restricted cytotoxic activity against the autologous @entity5 cells. Immunohistochemical experiments, performed with the anti-V beta 16 mAb, showed that the corresponding CTLs are present in the @entity5 area, some of them being closely opposed to the @entity320 cells. Together, these studies demonstrate the existence of a local adaptive immune response clinically associated to @entity5 regression, thus strongly supporting the validity of the immunosurveillance concept in certain @entity1 @entity5 .

title: Direct evidence to support the immunosurveillance concept in a @entity1 regressive XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: A survey of clinical and therapeutic evolution in @entity1 treated with an atypical antipsychotic, @entity1090 or @entity1037 , was carried out at La Colombi  re Psychiatric Hospital, Montpellier. This prospective observational study was conducted over 6 months. Forty-nine @entity1 were included in the @entity1037 treatment group and thirty-five in the @entity1090 treatment group. The Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale was used for evaluation at day 0, 7, 30, 90 and 180 of treatment. The majority of @entity1 were improved after 30 days of treatment, and clinical improvement was observed in about 60 per cent of @entity1 among those treated at day 180. The main therapeutic benefit occurred in respect of positive @entity716 . @entity1 were discharged after 30 days of treatment. The atypical antipsychotic was not used with an additional neuroleptic for all @entity1 . Tolerance was good, particularly for @entity1037 . On the other hand, according to our results, others studies have to be performed to confirm the impact of the treatment on @entity1017 , assessment of subjective elements such as sedation, and the direct effect of the atypical antipsychotics on primary negative symptoms.

title: [Clinical impact of atypical antipsychotics: prospective 6-month study of inpatients treated with @entity1090 or XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['weight gain']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity1037 :: (MESH:C076029,Chemical) :: ['olanzapine']


abstract: Hedgehog signaling has an essential role in the control of stem cell growth in embryonic tissues. Therefore, this study examined the effect of sonic hedgehog ( @entity6832 ) on the self-renewal of @entity19 embryonic stem (ES) cells and its related mechanisms. @entity6832 increased DNA synthesis blocked by the inhibition of the smoothened receptor. @entity6832 required @entity19990 activation to induce the increases in Notch/Hes-1 and Wnt/ @entity12401 . @entity6832 increased the intracellular @entity460 concentration ([ @entity141 ](i)) and @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) activity. We show that the @entity6832 -induced increase in the @entity19990 mRNA level requires [ @entity141 ](i) and @entity7131 . @entity6832 increased the phosphorylation of @entity12841 ( @entity12841 ), which is blocked by the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor. Subsequently, @entity6832 increased the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB p65 phosphorylation, which was inhibited by blocking @entity7131 and @entity12841 @entity669 kinase. @entity6832 also increased the level of the cell cycle regulatory proteins in a dose-dependent manner. However, @entity6832 decreased the levels of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitory proteins. The effect of @entity6832 on these proteins was inhibited by blocking @entity7131 , @entity12841 , and NF-kappaB as well as transfection of @entity19990 small interfering RNA (siRNA). Finally, @entity6832 -induced progression of the G1/S-phase was blocked by the inhibition of @entity7131 and @entity12841 @entity669 kinase. In conclusion, @entity6832 stimulates @entity19 ES cell proliferation through @entity19990 activation as well as @entity141 / @entity7131 and @entity12841 . Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

title: Sonic hedgehog stimulates @entity19 embryonic stem cell proliferation by cooperation of @entity141 / XXXX and @entity12841 as well as @entity19990 activation.

entities_list: @entity12841 :: ('13649(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity7131 :: (MESH:D020151,Disease) :: ['protein kinase C']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To determine whether @entity5805 treatment benefits @entity1 with indolent @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ), we conducted two randomized trials in 1535 @entity1 with previously untreated stage A @entity1072 . METHODS: In the first trial, 609 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either daily @entity5805 or no treatment; in the second trial, 926 @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either intermittent @entity5805 plus @entity229 or no treatment. Median follow-up for the first and second trials exceeded 11 and 6 years, respectively. The end points were overall survival, response to treatment, and disease progression. RESULTS: Treatment of indolent @entity1072 did not increase survival in either trial. In the treated group, as compared with the untreated group, the relative risk of @entity204 was 1.14 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.92 to 1.41; P=0.23) in the first trial and 0.96 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.75 to 1.23; P=0.74) in the second trial, with 76 percent and 69 percent of @entity1 , respectively, having a response to therapy. Although @entity5805 slowed disease progression, there was no effect on overall survival. In the untreated group in the first trial, 49 percent of @entity1 did not have progression to more @entity1442 and did not need therapy after follow-up of more than 11 years; however, 27 percent of @entity1 with stage A @entity1072 died of causes related to the disease. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5805 does not prolong survival in @entity1 with stage A @entity1072 . Since deferring therapy until the disease progresses to stage B or C does not compromise survival, treatment of indolent @entity1072 is unnecessary.

title: @entity5805 in indolent @entity1072 . French Cooperative Group on XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity5805 :: ('MESH:D002699', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorambucil', 'Chlorambucil']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

answer: @entity1072 :: (MESH:D015451,Disease) :: ['Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia']


abstract: We prospectively examined thyroid function during and following chronic, outpatient therapy with recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ) and Roferon-A (rIFN-alpha 2a). Twenty-two of 30 @entity1 with @entity1358 treated on a phase II open pilot study of concomitant @entity5041 and rIFN-alpha 2a were included. Serum levels of @entity1955 , @entity1954 , free @entity1955 index, thyrotropin, antithyroid antibodies, and thyrotropin (TSH) receptor binding antibodies were measured before therapy and after every other cycle. Selected @entity1 underwent studies after every cycle and following completion of therapy. Twenty @entity1 (91%) developed laboratory evidence of @entity1374 , 11 (50%) developed @entity1375 , five (23%) had a biphasic pattern, and four (18%) had @entity1378 . The incidence of @entity1374 increased with increased number of treatment cycles. Transient @entity1378 was noted in six of the 11 @entity1 studied after the first cycle and persisted after cycle three in only two @entity1 . @entity1375 was not observed after cycle 1, but became increasingly frequent between cycles 2 (56%) and 6 (90%). Thyroid function normalized following therapy in nine of 12 patients tested. Antithyroid antibodies were identified pretherapy in five @entity1 (23%) and de novo in none; TSH receptor binding antibodies were not detected. This study demonstrates a remarkably high frequency of reversible @entity1374 in @entity1 with @entity1358 treated with repeated cycles of @entity5041 plus rIFN-alpha 2a. We conclude that chronic therapy with @entity5041 and rIFN-alpha 2a produces @entity1374 in virtually all @entity1 most likely secondary to a nonspecific, nonautoimmune, toxic manifestation of prolonged treatment. @entity1199 therapy may, therefore, produce @entity1374 by more than one mechanism.

title: Thyroid function abnormalities associated with the chronic outpatient administration of recombinant XXXX and recombinant interferon-alpha.

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['Hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['advanced renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['triiodothyronine']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid dysfunction']

answer: @entity1199 :: (3558,Gene) :: ['interleukin-2']


abstract: The gene (aur) encoding the metalloprotease (aureolysin) of @entity794 from domestic animals was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and sequencing. The aur gene was detected in all 74 isolates from @entity291 , @entity1707 and @entity1573 by PCR amplification and was classified into types I and II by PCR-RFLP patterns. The type II aur gene was contained in 36 (94.7%) of 38 protease-positive isolates as judged by skim milk agar plate culture, while type I was contained in 28 (77.8%) of 36 protease-negative isolates. The deduced @entity535 sequences of aureolysins from type I and II isolates were almost identical with those of the published data. Subsequently, the two aureolysins were purified from the culture supernatants of type I and II isolates. The molecular weights of purified type I and II aureolysins were both estimated at 34kDa by @entity214 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis. These aureolysins had maximum proteolytic activity at 30-50 degrees C and pH 7.0-8.0. Their activity was inhibited by metal- and @entity219 -specific inhibitors, such as @entity1098 , @entity4527 and @entity7437 . Specific activity (activity/protein) of type II aureolysin was two times higher than that of type I. These results indicated that the aur gene is highly conserved with two allelic forms (types I and II) among @entity291 , porcine and avian isolates of @entity794 .

title: Genetic and enzymatic analyses of metalloprotease (aureolysin) from XXXX isolated from domestic animals.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus', 'S. aureus']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity7437 :: ('MESH:C025205', 'Chemical') :: ['1,10-phenanthroline']

answer: @entity794 :: (1280,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']


abstract: A variety of @entity5 and nontumorous lesions were used to illustrate some of the biologic, clinical, and pathologic aspects of @entity209 that have musculoskeletal repercussions. It is clear, both from the discussion and case material, that many mechanisms of ectopic endocrine syndromes have yet to be clarified. Elaborate techniques are available for hormonal estimations, but their routine use is prohibitively expensive and relatively unrewarding. Cells of a given lesion may be functionally heterogeneous or may fail to elaborate active products in substantial amounts. Different cells may produce similar peptides, while the same cells can produce more than one. Despite these difficulties, recognition of ectopic endocrine syndromes remains crucial to diagnosis and @entity1 management, and thus corroboration or correlation must often rest on a cruder basis. In fact, the clinical significance of basic laboratory data, e.g., @entity461 elevation, may vary, as @entity461 may be immunoreactive but biologically inactive. As another example, @entity2741 associated with @entity1582 may be variously related to @entity2742 , @entity8 , @entity2700 . Therefore, roentgenographic evidence of @entity79 or skeletal stigmata of @entity2742 imbues laboratory data with greater significance. @entity8231 are of particular concern to the radiologist, as multiple systemic manifestations, occurring either synchronously or metachronously, may suggest the presence of an underlying or unifying lesion or even of a specific type of @entity5 . They may precede detection of @entity5 by months to years and can develop at any time during their course. @entity8231 may, furthermore, parallel the course of a lesion and be used as indicators of remission or recurrence. Conversely, those unassociated with overt symptoms possess endocrine markers that can reinforce sometimes silent skeletal stigmata. Familiarity with representative secretory products influencing the musculoskeletal system per se may often clarify seemingly innocuous and sometimes asymptomatic skeletal findings. Alert imagers may, therefore, detect, infer, or suspect particular syndromes when they present in a specific sequence or mosaic. Conversely, when apprised of their existence, imagers should know where their related effects may be sought or anticipated. Such relationships, sometimes serendipitously discovered, may be valuable assets in clinical diagnosis and @entity1 management in both suspected and unsuspected cases.

title: Skeletal manifestations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration, or humoral osteolysis']

entities_list: @entity2741 :: ('MESH:D006934', 'Disease') :: ['hypercalcemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'neoplasm', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone destruction']

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['Paraneoplastic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['inappropriate or ectopic endocrine and metabolic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity2742 :: ('MESH:D006961', 'Disease') :: ['hyperparathyroidism', 'coexistent hyperparathyroidism']

answer: @entity209 :: (MESH:D008659,Disease) :: ['ectopic or inappropriate endocrine and metabolic syndromes']