abstract: Poor cervical mucus (CM) may be caused by a number of factors, including premature luteinization, local cervical effects, and inadequate folliculogenesis. In an attempt to distinguish between these causes of poor CM, we obtained @entity1420 (P) levels at the time of postcoital tests (PCTs) in infertile @entity1 during spontaneous or @entity4082 (CC)-stimulated cycles. The amount of CM, viscosity, ferning, spinnbarkeit, and cellularity were each scored from 0 to 3 points on the day after detection of the urinary luteinizing hormone surge (luteal day 1). The charts of 46 such @entity1 were retrospectively reviewed. Eleven control @entity1 with good CM scores (greater than 10) had low P levels (less than 2.5 ng/mL). Of the remaining 35 cycles, 19 were marked by low P levels, and 16 were accompanied by P levels of greater than 2.5 ng/mL. Overall, 94.4% of CC-stimulated cycles versus 64.3% of spontaneous cycles had abnormal CM scores (less than 9). On the basis of these inappropriately elevated P levels, premature luteinization can be cited as the cause of poor mucus quality. In fact, premature luteinization may be responsible for some of the purported antiestrogenic effects of CC. Therefore, it is appropriate to draw a P level at the time of a poor @entity10921 , particularly in cycles stimulated by CC.

title: Detection of premature luteinization with serum XXXX levels at the time of the postcoital test.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4082 :: ('MESH:D002996', 'Chemical') :: ['clomiphene citrate']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

answer: @entity1420 :: (MESH:D011374,Chemical) :: ['progesterone']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To analyze whether inflammatory processes in the periodontium in early old age are related to subsequent mortality during 21 years of follow-up in a nondisabled 70-year-old population. SETTING: Community-based population in Copenhagen. DESIGN: The study was based on the Glostrup Aging Study of the 1914 population, with baseline in 1984 when the @entity1 were 70 years old and follow-up 21 years later. @entity1 : Three hundred thirty-five dentate @entity1 and @entity1 participated in the clinical oral health examination. MEASUREMENTS: Severe periodontal @entity32 was measured for all teeth present as the number of teeth with @entity32 and periodontal pockets 6 mm deep or more. Mortality data were obtained from the Danish Death Register at 21-year follow-up. The Cox proportional hazards regression model was used. Covariates were measured at baseline and included number of teeth, caries, sex, education, income, @entity101 , @entity6 , @entity571 , arteriostenosis, @entity583 , comorbidity, fatigue, and ability to brush teeth. RESULTS: The analyses showed that severe periodontal @entity32 in at least three teeth at age 70 was marginally related to mortality during 21-year follow-up (crude hazard ratio (HR)=1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.91-1.78). The estimate increased slightly when adjusted for sex, income, fatigue, and smoking (adjusted HR=1.37, 95% CI=0.97-1.92). The estimates were attenuated when adjusted for the specific @entity66 and @entity571 . CONCLUSION: Inflammation in the periodontium in early old age tends to be associated with mortality in older age.

title: Effect of XXXX in the periodontium in early old age on mortality at 21-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diseases, especially arteriostenosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: Exposures to @entity26678 ( @entity10345 ) were studied for effects on respiratory health of workers in two plants manufacturing @entity2636 foams. Intensive personal monitoring was used to characterize job exposures. Of 4,845 12-min personal samples, 9% exceeded 5 ppb and 1% exceeded 20 ppb. Initial questionnaire and spirometry were obtained in 386 workers (88.7% of target population). Current smoking was associated with lower mean FEV1 and FEF25-75, but percent predicted (% pred) means were normal in all smoking categories. Multiple regression showed significant adverse effects of cumulative TDI exposure on initial level of FVC and FEV1 of current smokers, and an effect at borderline significance (p less than 0.063) on FEF25-75 over all smoking categories. Logistic regression showed that chronic @entity3617 was more prevalent among those with higher cumulative exposures, after controlling for smoking, age, and sex. @entity2710 (MCh) reactivity was associated with reduced airway function, -8.5% pred for FEV1 and -20.0% pred for FEF25-75. In 227 with adequate follow-up, the slopes of annual change were abnormal, for example, FEV1 of -67 ml/yr in current and -53 ml/yr in never smokers. @entity1 had worse FEV1 declines than did @entity1 , -71 ml/yr versus -43 ml/yr. TDI exposure, lifetime or concurrent, had no significant effect on slopes, despite its demonstrated effects on initial level of lung function and on prevalence of chronic @entity3617 .

title: Abnormal lung function in XXXX foam producers. Weak relationship to @entity26678 exposures.

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity26678 :: ('MESH:D014051', 'Chemical') :: ['toluene diisocyanate']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['Methacholine']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

answer: @entity2636 :: (MESH:D011140,Chemical) :: ['polyurethane']


abstract: This study proposes an alternative evaluation of @entity27 ( @entity27 ) based on ECG signal during sleep time. @entity27 is a common @entity25 produced by repetitive occlusions in the upper airways. This respiratory disturbance produces a specific pattern on ECG. Extraction of ECG characteristics, as Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and peak R area, offers alternative measures for a @entity387 pre-diagnosis. 50 recordings coming from the @entity386 Physionet database were used in the analysis, this database is part of the 70 recordings used for the Computer in Cardiology challenge celebrated in 2000. A bivariate autoregressive model was used to evaluate beat-by-beat power spectral density of HRV and R peak area. K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) supervised learning classifier was employed for categorizing @entity386 events from normal ones, on a minute-by-minute basis for each recording. Data were split into two sets, training and testing set, each one with 25 recordings. The classification results showed an accuracy higher than 85% in both training and testing. In addition it was possible to separate completely between @entity386 and Normal subjects and almost completely among @entity386 , Normal and Borderline subjects.

title: Detection of XXXX from surface ECG based on features extracted by an autoregressive model.

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['OSA', 'Obstructive Sleep Apnea']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disorder']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['sleep apnea']

answer: @entity387 :: (MESH:D012891,Disease) :: ['sleep apnea']


abstract: We report 9 rare cases (7 males and 2 females) of @entity356 of the esophagogastric junction. From 1976 to 1988, 1308 cases of @entity356 were resected in our Institute. Of these, 479 (36.6%) cases were @entity356 . Among all 479 early @entity356 , 9 (1.9%) were located within 2 cm of the esophagogastric junction on the lesser curvature and/or posterior wall of the @entity418 . This represents 11.7% (9/77) of the cases of @entity5 at the esophagogastric junction. This incidence contrasts with the 39.5% of early @entity5 elsewhere in the stomach. Overall, 36.6% (479/1308) were @entity356 . Eight of these 9 @entity1 were resected through the abdominal approach and one by the thoracoabdominal approach. Seven underwent proximal and 2 underwent total gastrectomy. On microscopic examination, one @entity5 was m- @entity5 , and 8 were sm- @entity5 . Lymphnode @entity3 was found to be absent in all 9 cases. The prognosis of @entity5 of the @entity418 is generally poorer than that for @entity420 in the corpus or distal stomach. However, @entity5 recurrence 22-91 months postoperatively was zero in these 9 cases of @entity356 at the esophagogastric junction.

title: Clinical and pathological evaluation of early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'early gastric cancer', 'gastric cancers']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['cancer in the gastric cardia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence of postoperative sore throat (POST) following intubation is not well defined in the pediatric population. The etiology is multifactorial and includes @entity73 and @entity4 as a result of the pressures exerted by cuffed or uncuffed tubes. AIM: To determine the incidence of, and risk factors for, POST in intubated @entity1 undergoing elective day-case surgery. METHODS: Five hundred @entity1 aged 3-16 years were studied prospectively. Endotracheal tube (ETT) choice (cuffed or uncuffed) was left to the anesthetist. The cuff was inflated either until loss of audible leak or to a determined pressure using a cuff manometer. The research team then measured the @entity551 ( @entity551 ). POST incidence and intensity was determined by interviewing @entity1 prior to discharge from the same day procedure unit. Chi-square testing and stepwise logistic regression were used to determine the predictors of POST. RESULTS: Of the 111 (22%) @entity1 developed a sore throat, 19 (3.8%) a sore neck, and 5 (1%) a sore jaw. 19% of @entity1 with cuffed ETTs complained of sore throat compared with 37% of those intubated with an uncuffed ETT. The incidence of POST increased with @entity551 ; 0-10% at 0 cm @entity2507 , 4% at 11-20 cm @entity2507 , 20% at 21-30 cm @entity2507 , 68% at @entity551 31-40 cm @entity2507 , and 96% at @entity551 >40 cm @entity2507 . The ETT @entity551 and use of uncuffed ETTs were univariate predictors of POST. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 intubated with uncuffed ETTs are more likely to have POST. ETT @entity551 is positively correlated with the incidence of POST. When using cuffed ETTs, @entity551 should be routinely measured intraoperatively.

title: Predictors of postoperative sore throat in intubated XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impairment of subglottic mucosal perfusion']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['CP', 'cuff pressure']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: From November 1981 through December 1987, 207 @entity1 received @entity12512 ( @entity12512 ) for gynecologic @entity5 at the Mayo Clinic. In seven (3%) of these @entity1 , @entity3417 subsequently developed; one additional @entity1 with @entity3417 after @entity12512 for a gynecologic @entity5 was referred to us from another institution. In these eight @entity1 , irradiation was done either adjuvantly (five @entity1 ) or as salvage therapy after chemotherapy failure (three @entity1 ). @entity3417 was confirmed by laboratory analysis in six cases and was presumed based on the clinical course in two cases. Mean cumulative radiation doses were 2,925 and 5,122 cGy to the abdomen and pelvis, respectively, with para-aortic boosts administered in six cases to a mean cumulative dose of approximately 4,200 cGy. The mean time from completion of @entity12512 to development of @entity843 was 12 months (range, 6 to 18 months). In six @entity1 , therapy was conservative-observation and diuretics. Two other @entity1 required multiple paracenteses for relief of @entity1661 . Parenteral nutrition was given to two @entity1 who had associated @entity1161 . The @entity843 resolved in all eight cases at a mean of 18 months (range, 8 to 30 months) after development. At a mean follow-up of 57 months after initial diagnosis and 16 months after resolution of the @entity843 , seven @entity1 are without evidence of disease and one @entity1 died of @entity189 . Distinguishing this clinical entity from @entity189 is important because of its benign course and its resolution with conservative management.

title: @entity3417 after XXXX for gynecologic @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation enteritis']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal distention']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['recurrent carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3417 :: ('MESH:D002915', 'Disease') :: ['Chylous ascites', 'chylous ascites']

entities_list: @entity12512 :: ('MESH:D000006', 'Disease') :: ['whole-abdomen irradiation', 'WAI']

answer: @entity12512 :: (MESH:D000006,Disease) :: ['whole-abdomen irradiation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4048 is a common and @entity558 for which pharmacological management has limited evidence of efficacy and side-effects. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is a relatively uncommon, non-invasive treatment for @entity4048 , in which non-thermal laser irradiation is applied to sites of @entity158 . We did a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials to assess the efficacy of LLLT in @entity4048 . METHODS: We searched computerised databases comparing efficacy of LLLT using any wavelength with placebo or with active control in @entity12761 . Effect size for the primary outcome, @entity158 intensity, was defined as a pooled estimate of mean difference in change in mm on 100 mm visual analogue scale. FINDINGS: We identified 16 randomised controlled trials including a total of 820 @entity1 . In @entity12761 , results of two trials showed a relative risk (RR) of 1.69 (95% CI 1.22-2.33) for @entity158 improvement of LLLT versus placebo. Five trials of @entity4048 reporting categorical data showed an RR for @entity158 improvement of 4.05 (2.74-5.98) of LLLT. @entity1 in 11 trials reporting changes in visual analogue scale had @entity158 intensity reduced by 19.86 mm (10.04-29.68). Seven trials provided follow-up data for 1-22 weeks after completion of treatment, with short-term @entity158 relief persisting in the medium term with a reduction of 22.07 mm (17.42-26.72). Side-effects from LLLT were mild and not different from those of placebo. INTERPRETATION: We show that LLLT reduces @entity158 immediately after treatment in @entity12761 and up to 22 weeks after completion of treatment in @entity1 with @entity4048 . FUNDING: None.

title: Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in the management of XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo or active-treatment controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['costly condition']

entities_list: @entity4048 :: ('MESH:D019547', 'Disease') :: ['neck pain', 'chronic neck pain', 'Neck pain']

entities_list: @entity12761 :: ('MESH:D059787', 'Disease') :: ['acute or chronic neck pain', 'acute neck pain']

answer: @entity4048 :: (MESH:D019547,Disease) :: ['neck pain']


abstract: Caries is caused when the pH at the tooth surface drops below 5.5. A miniaturized and autonomous pH monitoring nodes can be attached to the tooth surface, like a tooth jewel. This intelligent sensor includes three components: (a) digital micro pH meter, (b) power supply, (c) wireless communicating device. The micro pH meter facilitates long term tooth surface pH monitoring and providing real time feedback to the @entity1 and dental experts. Power supply of this system will be microfabricated biocatalytic fuel cell (enzymatic micro-battery) using organic compounds (e.g. @entity5189 or @entity413 ) as the fuel to generate electricity. When micro pH meter detects the pH lower than 5.5, wireless Bluetooth device sends a caution (e.g. "you are at risk of @entity1547 ") to external monitoring equipment such as mobile phone or a hands-free heads. After reception of the caution, subjects should use routine brushing and flossing procedure or use a medicated chewing gum (e.g. @entity1216 containing chewing gum) or rinse with a mouthwash.

title: Bluetooth technology for prevention of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['dental caries']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity1547 :: (MESH:D003731,Disease) :: ['dental caries']


abstract: Two sisters were diagnosed as having @entity814 at the age of 13 years and eight years and having Wechsler IQs of 48-58 and 71-81 respectively. Neither @entity1 was treated with diet. At the age of 21 years the older @entity1 became pregnant. Her blood @entity815 level was 23mg/100 ml. A low @entity815 diet, instituted from the 10th week of gestation, maintained her blood @entity815 levels below 6mg/100ml for the rest of the pregnancy. A female baby, of birth weight 3216g and normal skull size, was delivered at term. The baby died at 14 days of @entity299 . Pregnancy in a phenylketonuric @entity1 carries high risks to the fetus. A generation of treated phenylketonuric @entity1 is approaching reproductive life, and doctors and the @entity1 themselves need to be alerted to these risks and the need for strict dietary control during pregnancy. There are probably unrecognised @entity1 in the community with @entity814 or with @entity814 whose babies face similar risks. Identification of these @entity1 could be achieved by antenatal Guthrie testing.

title: Progeny, pregnancy and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'girl', 'woman', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['congenital heart disease']

entities_list: @entity814 :: ('MESH:D010661', 'Disease') :: ['phenylketonuria', 'hyperphenylalaninaemia']

answer: @entity814 :: (MESH:D010661,Disease) :: ['phenylketonuria']


abstract: HISTORY AND ADMISSION FINDINGS: A 75-year-old @entity1 with histologically confirmed liver @entity3 from an undiagnosed primary @entity5 was admitted for further diagnosis and treatment. She had no symptoms and was in a very good general condition. The physical examination was unremarkable. INVESTIGATIONS: The liver enzymes GOT and @entity6283 were slightly elevated. The @entity787 ( @entity787 ) and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were markedly raised. Repeat analysis of the liver biopsies revealed a @entity3270 ( @entity3270 ). TREATMENT AND COURSE: Chemoembolization of the advanced liver @entity3 was undertaken. Subsequently the @entity0 was resected. Histological analysis revealed a mammary @entity3270 . Postoperative radiotherapy to the breast was instituted and she was started on @entity440 (30 mg daily). But despite repeat chemoembolization the liver @entity3 continued to grow. Administration of @entity2390 , a @entity1943 analogue, was begun (200 micrograms twice daily). There were no side effects; the @entity5 markers showed definite reduction and scintigraphy demonstrated almost complete regression. Computed tomography indicated a dissociated response of the liver @entity3 to the treatment (some got smaller, one had grown and several new ones had appeared). CONCLUSION: Combined @entity440 and @entity2390 treatment of a metastasizing @entity0 with @entity8799 may give effective palliation.

title: [Metastatic breast @entity3270 --its combined therapy with @entity440 and the XXXX analog @entity2390 ].

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the breast', 'breast tumor']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity8799 :: ('MESH:D018358', 'Disease') :: ['neuroendocrine differentiation']

entities_list: @entity787 :: ('1084', 'Gene') :: ['CEA', 'carcinoembryonic antigen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2390 :: ('MESH:D015282', 'Chemical') :: ['octreotide']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity3270 :: ('MESH:D018278', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid', 'carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['somatostatin']


abstract: A progressive increase in the incidence of @entity2176 resistance in strains of @entity6375 (VREF) has severely constrained treatment options for @entity1 with @entity281 caused by this emerging pathogen. @entity11685 / @entity11686 (Synercid), the first injectable streptogramin antibiotic, is active in vitro against VREF, with an MIC90 of 1.0 mg/L. We studied the clinical efficacy and safety of @entity11685 / @entity11686 in the treatment of @entity281 . Two prospective studies were conducted simultaneously. The first enrolled only @entity1 with @entity281 ; the second included @entity1 with @entity281 caused by other gram-positive bacterial pathogens in addition to VREF. @entity1 were enrolled if they had signs and symptoms of @entity281 and no appropriate alternative antibiotic therapy. The recommended treatment regimen of @entity11685 / @entity11686 was 7.5 mg/kg i.v. every 8 h for a duration judged appropriate by the investigator. A total of 396 @entity1 with @entity281 were enrolled. The most frequent indications for treatment included @entity1320 , @entity582 of unknown origin, urinary tract @entity281 , @entity1212 , and skin and skin structure @entity281 . This @entity1 population had a high prevalence of severe underlying illness, including a history of @entity6 , transplantation, mechanical ventilation, dialysis, chronic @entity409 with @entity82 and @entity74 . The mean (+/- S.D.) duration of treatment was 14.5 +/- 10.7 days (range: 1-108). The majority of @entity1 (82.1%) were treated every 8 h, as assessed on day 2 of treatment, while 15.9% were treated every 12 h. The clinical success rate was 73.6% [142/193 clinically evaluable @entity1 ; 95% confidence interval (CI): 67.4%, 79.8%], the bacteriological success rate 70.5% (110/156 bacteriologically evaluable @entity1 ; 95% CI: 63.4%, 77.7%) and the overall success (both clinical and bacteriological success) rate 65.8% (102/156 bacteriologically evaluable @entity1 ; 95% CI: 57.9%, 72.9%). VREF @entity582 at entry, mechanical ventilation and laparotomy were associated with a worse outcome. @entity11685 / @entity11686 was generally well tolerated. The most common systemic adverse events related to treatment were @entity4841 (9.1%) and @entity925 (6.6%). Related @entity854 were infrequent. In these severely ill @entity1 with @entity281 and no other clinically appropriate therapeutic alternatives, @entity11685 / @entity11686 demonstrated substantial efficacy and a good nervous system, @entity344 .

title: The efficacy and safety of @entity11685 / @entity11686 for the treatment of @entity281 caused by XXXX -resistant @entity6375 . Synercid Emergency-Use Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1212 :: ('MESH:D055499', 'Disease') :: ['catheter-related bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, renal and hepatic tolerability']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['active infection', 'infection', 'VREF infection']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['laboratory abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgias']

entities_list: @entity6375 :: ('1352', 'Species') :: ['Enterococcus faecium']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['oncological disorders']

entities_list: @entity11685 :: ('MESH:C113825', 'Chemical') :: ['quinupristin', 'Quinupristin']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal infection']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['myalgias']

entities_list: @entity11686 :: ('MESH:C113826', 'Chemical') :: ['dalfopristin']

answer: @entity2176 :: (MESH:D014640,Chemical) :: ['vancomycin']


abstract: Seventeen @entity1 with @entity151 entered a phase II trial testing the feasibility of adding high dose @entity1259 (100-120 mg/m2, day 1) in combination with @entity2879 (60-80 mg/m2, days 1-5) and @entity900 (70 mg/m2, day 1) courses repeated every three weeks. Complete responders received thoracic (40 Gy) and prophylactic cranial (30 Gy) irradiation. Sixteen @entity1 were evaluable for response and @entity137 . Myelosuppression was the dose-limiting side effect. @entity221 was observed in eight @entity1 (53%) and @entity3136 in six (40%). No @entity1 had a greater than 14% decline in the cardiac ejection fraction. Strict adherence to the dose-schedule designed was impossible as doses were trimmed and delayed in 30% of instances. The overall objective response rate was 81% (95% confidence limits, 62% to 100%), in limited disease there were complete remissions in 57%. With a 16 months median follow-up, overall median survival was 13 months. This study was unable to prove the feasibility of @entity1259 escalation when added to @entity2879 - @entity900 combination, hampering the dose-intensification Norton-Simon model test.

title: Phase II feasibility study of high dose @entity1259 plus XXXX and @entity900 (HDEEC) regimen in @entity151 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['stomatitis']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenic fever']

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1223 (CO) poisoning is the leading cause of toxicological @entity204 worldwide. Symptoms may be subtle, contributing to its frequent delay in diagnosis. If a seasonal variation occurs, a heightened awareness during peak time may lead to improved recognition and diagnosis. STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine whether monthly variations in @entity5499 occur in emergency departments. METHODS:                 <AbstractText Label="DESIGN" NlmCategory="METHODS">A multicenter retrospective @entity341 ( @entity341 ) cohort. STUDY SETTING: 23 New Jersey and New York emergency departments. SUBJECTS: Consecutive @entity1 with the ICD-9 primary diagnosis of"toxic effects CO" from January 1, 2000 to October 31, 2006. STATISTICS: We tested for significant differences using chi-square and Student's t-test with alpha set at 0.5. RESULTS: There were 1,006 @entity1 who were diagnosed in the @entity341 with CO @entity137 (0.024% of all @entity341 @entity1 ). Mean age was 30 years (SD +/- 20), 54% were female, and Caucasians compromised 54% of @entity1 . Thirty-nine percent of documented @entity1 arrived via ambulance and 90% were subsequently discharged. Incidence of CO visits peaked in December (0.036%) and were least likely in May (0.011%). Mean monthly CO visits were statistically increased during October (p = < 0.0001), November (p = 0.008), December (< 0.0001), January (p = 0.01), and March (p = 0.04). Statistically fewer case of CO exposure were diagnosed in May (p = 0.0003), June (p = 0.005), August (p = < 0.0001), and September (p = 0.002).

title: Monthly variations in the diagnosis of @entity1223 exposures in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1223 :: ('MESH:D002248', 'Chemical') :: ['Carbon monoxide']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity5499 :: ('MESH:D002249', 'Disease') :: ['CO poisoning']

answer: @entity341 :: (MESH:D004630,Disease) :: ['emergency department']


abstract: The @entity5445 ( @entity8142 represents an established therapeutic target in @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Agents that activate this receptor improve @entity413 tolerance alongside a low risk of hypoglycaemia, and have the potential to modify disease progression. Lixisenatide is a new potent and selective @entity8142 agonist currently in development. The preclinical pharmacological profile of Lixisenatide suggests actions that are highly relevant to the long-term maintenance of @entity413 homeostasis. Lixisenatide protected @entity2833 cells (a @entity35 -derived beta-cell line) from both lipid- and cytokine-induced apoptosis. More importantly, Lixisenatide also prevented lipotoxicity-induced insulin depletion in @entity1 islets and preserved insulin production, storage and pancreatic beta-cell function in vitro. Enhancement of insulin biosynthesis and pancreatic beta-cell volume could also be demonstrated in animal models of @entity164 2 @entity6 . The improvement of @entity413 -stimulated insulin secretion provided by Lixisenatide occurred in a strictly @entity413 -dependent manner. In animal models of @entity6 , Lixisenatide improved basal blood @entity413 and HbA(1c) with a rapid onset and sustained duration of action, and prevented the deterioration of pancreatic responsiveness and @entity413 homeostasis. Lixisenatide also delayed @entity356 and reduced food intake. The efficacy/safety profile of Lixisenatide is currently being studied further in an extensive ongoing Phase III clinical study programme. This article reviews the preclinical pharmacological profile of Lixisenatide.

title: Pharmacological profile of lixisenatide: A new @entity8142 agonist for the treatment of XXXX 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes', 'T2DM']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric emptying']

entities_list: @entity8142 :: ('2740', 'Gene') :: ['GLP-1 receptor', 'GLP-1) receptor']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity5445 :: ('2641', 'Gene') :: ['glucagon-like peptide-1']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity18921 (MK), a heparin-binding growth factor, has an important role in @entity5 progression. The outcome of @entity1 with @entity674 ( @entity674 ) is correlated with @entity5 size and mitotic count. The aim of this study was to determine MK expression in @entity674 . METHODS: @entity18921 was detected in 31 (55%) of 57 surgically resected @entity674 by immunohistochemistry with a rabbit antibody against MK and peroxidase method. RESULTS: A significant worse outcome of MK-positive @entity1 was found (P < 0.05; log rank test). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed an independent prognostic impact (relative risk for overall survival 3.64; P < 0.05). Interestingly, MK expression was significantly associated with mitotic rate (P < 0.05; Chi-squared test), but not with @entity5 size (P = 0.97). CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, MK is a prognostic marker for @entity677 @entity1 . MK might also be a useful peripheral @entity5 marker since it can be detected in peripheral serum. Future studies should involve @entity677 @entity1 numbers including @entity5 and serum samples for detection of MK.

title: XXXX as a prognostic marker for @entity674 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity677 :: ('MESH:C564650', 'Disease') :: ['higher GIST', 'GIST']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity674 :: ('MESH:D046152', 'Disease') :: ['GISTs', 'gastrointestinal stromal tumors']

answer: @entity18921 :: (MESH:C068680,Chemical) :: ['Midkine']


abstract: 1. Mongrel @entity235 were anaesthetized with @entity4486 , paralysed, ventilated and vagotomized and given a beta-blocking drug, @entity2778 , in sufficient doses to block the effects of 5 microgram of adrenaline. 2. Changes in inspired @entity515 concentration were produced, causing increases of arterial PCO2 up to 120 mmHg. The effects on myocardial blood flow were measured with radioactive microspheres. @entity453 was sampled. 3. In the absence of beta-blockade, an increase in arterial PCO2 produced variable effects. In some @entity235 coronary blood flow increased, while in others there was no change. There was a mean increase in coronary blood flow at arterial PCO2 values above 85 mmHg which was abolished by beta-blockade. 4. In the presence of beta-blockade, an increase of arterial PCO2 produced @entity308 of left ventricular performance, i.e. a fall of maximum rate of rise of left ventricular pressure and a rise of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure. 5. In the presence of beta-blockade, there were no consistent changes in myocardial blood flow, @entity998 . 6. In the absence of beta-blockade, coronary arterial minus venous ocygen content was reduced by @entity2944 . In the presence of beta-blockade, the changes were small and not statistically significant. The direct coronary vasodilator effect was therfore negligible. 7. It is concluded that the previously reported hypercapnic vasodilatation was mainly an effect of sympatho-adrenergic stimulation by @entity2944 . 8. In the presence of beta-blockade, coronary sinus @entity4095 increased markedly, with little change in coronary sinus @entity26 content; this was consistent with a shift to the right of the oxy-haemoglobin dissociation curve. Under circumstances of @entity2944 , a rise in coronary sinus (and presumably tissue) @entity4095 failed to produce vasoconstriction. 9. It is argued that the vasodilator effect of @entity3884 ions and the vasoconstrictor effect of @entity26 probably cancel one another when the arterial PCO2 is raised.

title: The effect of carbon dioxide upon myocardial contractile performance, blood flow and XXXX consumption.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity4486 :: ('MESH:D002698', 'Chemical') :: ['chloralose']

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular pressure or cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary sinus and arterial blood']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: The most common complication of @entity4091 in immunocompetent @entity1 is @entity14000 , which is very difficult to treat. Significant beneficial effects have been found for @entity3659 , @entity2682 , @entity4481 , @entity2049 , @entity1092 , @entity1288 , @entity228 , topical @entity2951 , @entity1340 , etc. The aim of this open randomized comparative study was to demonstrate clinical efficacy of @entity3659 and @entity4481 . The study included 50 @entity1 , 32 (64%) male and 18 (36%) female, randomized to receive either @entity3659 or @entity4481 (n=25 each). @entity3659 was administered in a dose of 25 mg once daily and @entity4481 in a dose of 75 mg twice daily. Inclusion criteria were as follows: @entity14000 of more than 1 month duration; @entity158 of at least moderate severity; and @entity1 age 40 years or older and no pregnancy. @entity1 with a history of any serious diseases ( @entity1370 ) were excluded. Total treatment period spanned 8 weeks, with @entity1 follow up visits at 2, 4 and 8 weeks to assess the degree of improvement in @entity158 perception and any adverse reaction. @entity1 with four @entity4091 types were included in this study, of which thoracic type predominated (54%). Other types were cervical in 12 (24%), trigeminal in 8 (16%) and lumbosacral in 3 (6%) @entity1 . @entity3290 were reported by 66% of study @entity1 . Satisfactory improvements of @entity158 perception at the end of 8 weeks (>75%) were noticed in @entity4481 group, which was statistically significant (  (2)2=10.08; P<0.05). @entity2133 was the commonest complication in @entity3659 group and dizziness in @entity4481 group. More importantly, none of the @entity1 stopped treatment due to adverse reaction. In conclusion, therapy with @entity4481 is better compared to @entity3659 in @entity14000 @entity1 . However, a similar study in a larger sample is required to validate the present findings.

title: Comparative study of clinical efficacy of @entity3659 and @entity4481 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity1288 :: ('MESH:D010098', 'Chemical') :: ['oxycodone']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['Amitriptyline', 'amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity2682 :: ('MESH:C040029', 'Chemical') :: ['gabapentin']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium valproate']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity4091 :: ('MESH:D006562', 'Disease') :: ['herpes zoster']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['renal, cardiac, hepatic or seizure']

entities_list: @entity3290 :: ('MESH:D062706', 'Disease') :: ['Prodromal symptoms before herpes zoster']

entities_list: @entity14000 :: ('MESH:D051474', 'Disease') :: ['postherpetic neuralgia']

entities_list: @entity4481 :: ('MESH:C080245', 'Chemical') :: ['pregabalin']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

answer: @entity14000 :: (MESH:D051474,Disease) :: ['postherpetic neuralgia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic stenting is an effective method of relieving @entity253 in @entity1 with unresectable @entity5 . If this fails, optimal management is controversial. Percutaneous insertion of plastic or mesh metal stents has been advocated. AIM: To review the outcome of percutaneous plastic stents and compare this with contemporary data from the literature on mesh metal stenting. @entity1 AND METHODS: Over a period of six years, 400 @entity1 had attempted endoscopic stenting for distal @entity5 which failed in 54 (13.5%). These 54 @entity1 were treated with percutaneously placed plastic stents. RESULTS: Percutaneous stenting was technically successful in 48 @entity1 (89%). Early complications occurred in 13 @entity1 (24%), the commonest being acute @entity255 in seven (12%). There was no procedure-related mortality but a 30-day mortality of 11 % (n = 6). Ten @entity1 (18%) required re-admission after 30 days for stent block (mean period 4 months). Forty-seven @entity1 (87%) were followed up until death. The median survival for the @entity1 undergoing palliative stenting was 3 months (5 days to 17 months). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that percutaneous plastic stents can be used safely and effectively in @entity1 who have failed endoscopic stenting.

title: Results of percutaneous plastic stents for XXXX following failed endoscopic stent insertion and comparison with current literature on expandable metallic stents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant biliary obstruction', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant distal biliary obstruction']


abstract: In @entity2491 , de novo synthesis of @entity2125 is regulated through the transcriptional control of the nadA and nadB loci. Likewise, the @entity10402 salvage pathway is controlled at pncB. The transcriptional expression of these three loci is coordinately regulated by the product of nadR. However, there is genetic evidence suggesting that NadR is bifunctional, serving in both regulatory and transport capacities. One class of mutations in the nadR locus imparts a transport-defective PnuA- phenotype. These mutants retain regulation properties but are unable to transport @entity13908 ( @entity6532 ) intact across the cell membrane. Other nadR mutants lose both regulatory and transport capabilities, while a third class loses only regulatory ability. The unusual @entity6532 transport activity requires both the PnuC and NadR proteins, with the pnuC locus residing in an operon with nadA. To prove that nadR encoded a single protein and to gain insight into a regulatory target locus, the nadR and nadA pnuC loci were cloned and sequenced. A DNA fragment which complemented both regulatory and transport mutations was found to contain a single open reading frame capable of encoding a 409-amino-acid protein (47,022 daltons), indicating that NadR is indeed bifunctional. Confirmation of the operon arrangement for nadA and pnuC was obtained through the sequence analysis of a 2.4-kilobase DNA fragment which complemented both NadA and PnuC mutant phenotypes. The nadA product, confirmed in maxicells, was a 365-amino-acid protein (40,759 daltons), while pnuC encoded a 322-amino-acid protein (36,930 daltons). The extremely hydrophobic (71%) nature of the PnuC protein indicated that it was an integral membrane protein, consistent with its central role in the transport of @entity6532 across the cytoplasmic membrane. The results presented here and in previous studies suggest a hypothetical model in which NadR interacts with PnuC at low internal @entity2125 levels, permitting transport of @entity6532 intact into the cell. As @entity2125 levels increase within the cell, the affinity of NadR for the operator regions of nadA, nadB, and pncB increases, repressing the transcription of these target genes.

title: Regulation of XXXX metabolism in @entity2491 : molecular sequence analysis of the bifunctional nadR regulator and the nadA-pnuC operon.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella typhimurium']

entities_list: @entity13908 :: ('MESH:D009537', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide mononucleotide']

entities_list: @entity10402 :: ('CHEBI:36980', 'Chemical') :: ['pyridine nucleotide']

answer: @entity2125 :: (MESH:D009243,Chemical) :: ['NAD']


abstract: CONTEXT: Stimulation of lipolysis, leading to increased blood concentrations of free @entity1718 (FFAs), is a primary effect of GH and phosphorylation of intracellular @entity11715 is a primary mediator of the effects of GH. OBJECTIVE: Based on preliminary results, we intended to test whether FFAs exert a negative feedback inhibition of @entity11715 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle. DESIGN AND @entity1 : Eight healthy young @entity1 were investigated for 8 h on four occasions at four different FFA levels in a single blind, randomized manner. Acipimox was used to suppress FFA levels and Intralipid was infused to obtain appropriate FFA concentrations. @entity1943 was infused to control GH levels and GH, insulin, and glucagon were replaced. Muscle biopsies were taken after 8 h and compared with a fifth biopsy taken under normal basal conditions. SETTING: The study was conducted at a university clinical research unit. RESULTS: GH concentrations remained steady and comparable in all studies and FFA concentrations varied between 0.01 and 1.71 mmol/liter on the four occasions (P < 0.05). We observed a dose-dependent 40% decrease of @entity11715 phosphorylation in skeletal muscle with increasing concentrations of FFAs. CONCLUSIONS: Our results strongly suggest the existence of a negative feedback loop, whereby effects of GH may be dampened by FFA inhibition of GH-dependent @entity11715 phosphorylation. The mechanisms behind and biological consequences of this finding awaits additional studies.

title: Free XXXX inhibit growth hormone/signal transducer and activator of transcription-5 signaling in @entity1 muscle: a potential feedback mechanism.

entities_list: @entity11715 :: ('6776', 'Gene') :: ['STAT5', 'signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT)-5']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['Somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['fatty acids']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To clarify, by three-dimensional (3D) facial scans, if 4- to 6-year-old @entity1 with intraoral sagittal discrepancies and @entity432 show differences in facial morphology when compared to @entity1 without anomalies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Scans of 290 @entity1 presenting with @entity432 were compared to 1772 face scans of age-matched individuals photographed with a faceSCAN II   3D data acquisition system. From these, three study groups were formed comprising 188 @entity1 with distal occlusion/increased overjet (Class II), 37 with mesial occlusion/inverse overjet (Class III), and 65 with @entity432 . These groups were evaluated by age and gender for each group compared to the control individuals. RESULTS: The Class II group showed statistically significant reduced dimensions of head width, upper face width, and midface length. In addition, the mean values for mouth width and lip thickness were higher, and their upper lips were located more anteriorly than in the control group. The Class III group exhibited more markedly retruded upper lips. The facial profile of female 5-year-old Class III @entity1 was significantly more concave. @entity1 in the open-bite group showed reduced upper lip length, with differences only being statistically significant in male 4-year-olds. CONCLUSION: Dental Class II with increased overjet and dental Class III with decreased overjet influence soft tissue morphology and are represented on 3D facial scans.

title: Correlation between XXXX and parameters investigated by three-dimensional facial photography.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['open-bite occlusion', 'occlusal abnormalities']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['occlusal abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multiple tools are used to identify frailty. OBJECTIVE: To compare the global @entity922 ( @entity922 ) with more objective phenotypic tools (modified Fried score and the Timed Up and Go Test [TUGT]). DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: General medical wards in Edmonton, Canada. @entity1 : Adults being discharged back to the community. MEASUREMENTS: All frailty assessments were done within 24 hours of discharge. @entity1 were classified as frail if they scored >= 5 on the @entity922 and/or >= 3 on the modified Fried score, and/or had reduced mobility (>20 seconds on the TUGT). The main outcome was readmission or @entity204 within 30 days. RESULTS: Of 495 @entity1 , 211 (43%) were frail according to at least 1 assessment, 46 (9%) met all 3 frailty definitions, and 17% died or were readmitted to the hospital within 30 days. Although @entity1 classified as frail on the @entity922 exhibited significantly higher 30-day readmission/ @entity204 rates (23% vs 14% for not frail, P = 0.005; 28% vs. 12% in the elderly, P < 0.001), even after adjusting for age and sex (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19-3.41 for all adults; aOR: 3.20, 95% CI: 1.55-6.60 for the elderly), @entity1 meeting either of the phenotypic definitions for frailty but not the @entity922 definition were not at higher risk of 30-day readmission/ @entity204 (aOR: 0.87, 95% CI: 0.34-2.19 for all adults and aOR: 1.41, 95% CI: 0.72-2.78 for the elderly). CONCLUSIONS: Frailty has a significant impact on postdischarge outcomes, and the @entity922 is the most useful of the frequently used frailty tools for predicting poor outcomes after discharge. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2016.    2016 Society of Hospital Medicine.

title: Comparing three different measures of frailty in medical inpatients: Multicenter prospective cohort study examining 30-day risk of readmission or XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['Clinical Frailty Scale', 'CFS']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: @entity12145 ( @entity12145 ) is characterized by inadequate skeletal mineralization. The @entity79 ( @entity79 ) of the radius shaft and the lumbar spine was determined in 13 @entity1 with @entity12145 . Ten @entity1 were on treatment, whereas three @entity1 had discontinued treatment 20-32 months prior to this study. Two of them had radiological evidence of @entity11089 . The radius shaft @entity79 was significantly diminished: Z score was -1.33 +/- 0.89 (P less than 0.001), while the @entity79 of lumbar spine was significantly augmented (Z score +1.95 +/- 1.17, P less than 0.001). A positive correlation was found between the Z scores for the @entity79 of the radius shaft and spine. The two @entity1 with overt @entity11089 had lower radius shaft @entity79 values and a lesser increment of @entity79 of the spine. The @entity79 of cortical bone may be related to the lack of efficacy of the treatment and/or to an intrinsic defect of the bone on this disease. On the other hand, the augmented @entity79 of the lumbar spine might reflect the overabundance of partially mineralized osteoid. The determination of the @entity79 of the radius shaft by @entity11028 was a sensitive method for detecting abnormalities of the bone mass in @entity12145 @entity1 under treatment without radiological signs of @entity11089 .

title: Bone mineral density of the spine and radius shaft in @entity1 with XXXX ( @entity12145 ).

entities_list: @entity12145 :: ('MESH:D053098', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets', 'XLH']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD', 'BMD deficit']

answer: @entity12145 :: (MESH:D053098,Disease) :: ['X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic value of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1 (sTREM-1), @entity1904 ( @entity10132 ), and @entity1851 (CRP) serum levels for differentiating @entity295 from @entity1850 , identifying new @entity221 caused by @entity2259 , and assessing prognosis when new @entity221 occurred. METHODS: We enrolled 144 @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) @entity1 : 60 with @entity1850 ( @entity1850 ) and 84 with @entity295 complicated by new @entity221 at more than 48   h after @entity1213 admission. Serum sTREM-1, @entity10132 , and CRP levels were measured on the day of admission and at the occurrence of new @entity221 (>38.3  C) during hospitalization. Based on the blood culture results, the @entity1 were divided into a blood culture-positive @entity2259 group (33 @entity1 ) and blood culture-negative group (51 @entity1 ). Based on 28-day survival, all @entity1 , both blood culture-positive and -negative, were further divided into survivor and nonsurvivor groups. RESULTS: On @entity1213 day 1, the @entity295 group had higher serum sTREM-1, @entity10132 , and CRP levels compared with the @entity1850 group (P <0.05). The areas under the curve (AUC) for these indicators were 0.868 (95% CI, 0.798-0.938), 0.729 (95% CI, 0.637-0.821), and 0.679 (95% CI, 0.578-0.771), respectively. With 108.9   pg/ml as the cut-off point for serum sTREM-1, sensitivity was 0.83 and specificity was 0.81. There was no statistically significant difference in serum sTREM-1 or @entity10132 levels between the blood culture-positive and -negative @entity2259 groups with @entity1213 -acquired new @entity221 . However, the nonsurvivors in the blood culture-positive @entity2259 group had higher levels of serum @entity10132 (P <0.05), with a prognostic AUC for serum sTREM-1 of 0.868 (95% CI, 0.740-0.997). CONCLUSIONS: Serum sTREM-1, @entity10132 , and CRP levels each have a role in the early diagnosis of @entity295 . Serum sTREM-1, with the highest sensitivity and specificity of all indicators studied, is especially notable. sTREM-1, @entity10132 , and CRP levels are of no use in determining new @entity221 caused by @entity2259 in @entity1213 @entity1 , but sTREM-1 levels reflect the prognosis of @entity2259 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrial.gov identifier NCT01410578.

title: Value of soluble TREM-1, XXXX , and @entity1851 serum levels as biomarkers for detecting @entity2259 among @entity295 @entity1 with new @entity221 in intensive care units: a prospective cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['intensive care unit', 'ICU']

entities_list: @entity1850 :: ('MESH:D018746', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammatory response syndrome', 'SIRS']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity1904 :: (MESH:C029100,Chemical) :: ['procalcitonin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity600 is one of the commonest causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Together with prematurity and @entity295 , they account for over 80% of neonatal deaths. AIM: To determine the incidence and mortality rate of @entity600 in Warri @entity3456 Delta of Nigeria. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Recovery of case notes of all the newborn babies seen from January 2000 to December 2007 at Central Hospital Warri and GN @entity1 's Clinic, Warri, was undertaken. They were analyzed and those with @entity600 were further analyzed, noting the causes, severity of @entity1763 , sex of the babies, management given. RESULTS: A total of 864 out of 26,000 neonates seen within this period had @entity600 . 525 (28/1000 live births) had mild @entity1763 while 32% were severely asphyxiated. 61.5% of the asphyxiated were born at maternities, churches or delivered by traditional birth attendants or at home. @entity1162 was the commonest cause of @entity1763 and @entity1763 was more in neonates from unbooked @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The incidence of bith @entity1763 in Warri is 28/1000. Majority of @entity1 are from prolonged labour and delivery at unrecognized centres. Health education will dratically reduce the burden of @entity1763 neanatorum as unsubtanciated religous beliefs have done a great havoc.

title: Incidence of XXXX as seen in central hospital and GN @entity1 's clinic both in Warri @entity3456 Delta of Nigeria: an eight year retrospective review.

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal sepsis']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['Birth asphyxia', 'birth asphyxia']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['Prolonged labour']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['birth asphyxia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Spasticity is a common manifestation of lesion of central motor pathways. It is essential for correct anti-spastic treatment that passive and active contributions to increased @entity121 are distinguished. Here, we combined biomechanical and electrophysiological evaluation to distinguish the contribution of active reflex mechanisms from passive muscle properties to ankle joint @entity2693 in 31 healthy, 10 @entity64 , 30 @entity15 and 16 spinal cord injured @entity1 . The results were compared to routine clinical evaluation of @entity508 . METHODS: A computer-controlled robotic device applied stretches to the @entity3681 muscles at different velocities (8-200deg/s; amplitude 6  ). The reflex threshold was determined by soleus EMG. Torque and EMG data were normalized to the maximal torque and EMG evoked by supramaximal stimulation of the tibial nerve. Passive resistance (the torque response to stretches) was confirmed to be a good representation of the passive @entity2693 also at higher velocities when transmission in the tibial nerve was blocked by @entity63 . RESULTS: Passive torque tended to be larger in the neurological than in the healthy @entity1 , but it did not reach statistical significance, except in the @entity64 group (p<0.05). Following normalization to the maximal stimulus-evoked torque, the passive torque was found to be significantly larger in neurological @entity1 identified with @entity508 than in non-spastic @entity1 (p<0.01). There was no significant difference in the reflex threshold between the healthy and the neurological @entity1 . The reflex evoked torque and EMG were significantly larger in all neurological groups than in the healthy group (p<0.001). Twenty three @entity1 with evidence of @entity4372 in the @entity1795 (Ashworth score   1) showed normal reflex torque without normalization. With normalization this was only the case in 11 @entity1 . Increased reflex mediated @entity2693 was detected in only 64% @entity1 during clinical examination. CONCLUSION: The findings confirm that the clinical diagnosis of @entity508 includes changes in both active and passive muscle properties and the two can hardly be distinguished based on routine clinical examination. SIGNIFICANCE: The data suggest that evaluation techniques which are more efficient in distinguishing active and passive contributions to @entity121 than routine clinical examination should be considered before anti-spastic treatment is initiated.

title: Distinguishing active from passive components of @entity3681 in XXXX , spinal cord injury and @entity15 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['muscle stiffness']

entities_list: @entity3681 :: ('MESH:D016512', 'Disease') :: ['ankle plantar flexor']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonia']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1795 :: ('MESH:D052582', 'Disease') :: ['plantar flexors']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4309 ( @entity4309 ) is caused by mutations in genes involved in DNA mismatch repair (MMR), mostly in the @entity6756 and @entity4311 genes. The mutation spectrum in the Belgian population is still poorly documented. AIM: To report our experience on the mutation screening in Belgian @entity14 ( @entity14 ) @entity1 , including the investigation of the pathogenicity of the missense and splice mutations. To increase the mutation detection rate by selecting the target population. METHODS: Two hundred and twenty five Belgian @entity1 with familial clustering of @entity14 were genetically tested. Point mutations in the @entity6756 and @entity4311 genes were screened by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) followed by direct sequencing. Genomic deletions and duplications were assessed by multiplex ligase dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and multiplex PCR. Missense mutations were examined for pathogenicity by means of cosegregation of the mutation with the disease, @entity124 ( @entity124 ) in @entity5 , immunohistochemical staining of @entity5 and determination of the population frequency of the particular mutation. RESULTS: Twenty five pathogenic mutations were identified from which 16 were novel: 7 frameshifts, one in frame deletion, 5 genomic deletions, 5 splice defects, 4 nonsense (stop) mutations and 3 missense mutations which were classified as pathogenic (out of 10 missense mutations). In retrospect, a mutation detection rate of 71% was obtained if @entity124 was used as a supplementary selection criterion in addition to familial clustering. CONCLUSION: Different types of pathogenic mutations in the @entity6756 and @entity4311 genes were identified in a Belgian @entity14 group with familial clustering. The mutation detection yield drastically increased by preliminar selection of those @entity14 @entity1 with a microsatellite instable @entity5 . Considerable attention went to the assessment of the pathogenicity of the missense mutations. In practice, the cosegregation with the disease was the most relevant criterion.

title: Germline mutations of the @entity6756 and @entity4311 mismatch repair genes in XXXX ( @entity4309 ) @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['MSI', 'microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['HNPCC-Lynch syndrome', 'Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['familial colorectal cancer', 'CRC', 'familial CRC']

answer: @entity4309 :: (MESH:D003123,Disease) :: ['Belgian hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognosis of @entity5 is poor. The aim was to assess the feasibility of radiotherapy (RT) and concomitant @entity136 and @entity901 in locally advanced @entity788 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 with locally advanced pancreatic (n = 17) or @entity1125 (n = 5) were included. They received two cycles of @entity136 / @entity901 followed by 5 weeks of RT in combination with a weekly fixed dose @entity136 and an escalating dose of @entity901 from 40 up to 70 mg/m(2). National @entity5 Institute-Common @entity137 Criteria 3.0 was used to score weekly the treatment-related @entity137 . RESULTS: The @entity1 treated at a dose of 40 mg/m(2) of @entity901 had no dose-limiting @entity137 . At 50 mg/m(2), two @entity1 developed grade 4 @entity882 . Nine @entity1 received 60 mg/m(2), one developed grade 4 @entity882 . Grade 4 @entity882 in two @entity1 and grade 3 @entity294 in one @entity1 were observed with 70 mg/m(2). Median time to progression was 8 months and median overall survival was 17 months. CONCLUSIONS: RT in combination with @entity136 and @entity901 is feasible in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity5 . The reported time to progression underlines the potential activity of this regimen. The dose of 60 mg/m(2) of @entity901 can be considered as the recommended dose.

title: Feasibility of radiotherapy with concomitant @entity136 and @entity901 in locally advanced XXXX : a prospective dose finding phase I-II study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer and distal cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['pancreaticobiliary cancer', 'pancreaticobiliary tumors', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancer']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer and distal cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The relative effectiveness of inhaled @entity288 and leukotriene receptor antagonists in @entity565 therapy continues to be the subject of clinical studies. Recent studies have examined the impact of these therapies using a retrospective design. Retrospective studies require special attention to nonrandom assignment of @entity1 to treatment groups and, consequently, to the need to appropriately account for baseline differences. OBJECTIVE: To examine the relative effectiveness of @entity5203 vs @entity5023 as controller monotherapy in @entity1 with @entity565 . METHODS: A retrospective cohort analysis of claims data from 6,160 individuals continuously enrolled in 1 of 20 US managed care plans. @entity1 using @entity5023 were matched to those treated with montelukast using propensity scores and age (2-55 years). Health care use was determined for the 12-month periods before and after the initial controller prescription. Outcomes included @entity565 -related hospitalizations and emergency department visits, along with use of oral @entity288 and short-acting beta-agonists. Logistic regression analyses were also performed. RESULTS: Overall, controller therapy significantly reduced the odds of postindex @entity565 -related hospitalizations (odds ratio, 0.56; 95% confidence interval, 0.38-0.79); no significant difference was observed with @entity565 -related emergency department visits (odds ratio, 0.89; 95% confidence interval, 0.76-1.04). Differences in the relative effect in the montelukast and @entity5023 groups were not observed. Similarly, increases in the postindex rate of short-acting beta-agonist use and increases in oral corticosteroid use for both montelukast and @entity5023 @entity1 were noted. CONCLUSIONS: Similar outcomes were observed in montelukast and @entity5023 users in this matched cohort analysis.

title: Observational study of the effects of using montelukast vs XXXX in @entity1 matched at baseline.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5023 :: ('MESH:C065382', 'Chemical') :: ['fluticasone propionate', 'fluticasone']

entities_list: @entity5203 :: ('MESH:C093875', 'Chemical') :: ['montelukast sodium']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity5023 :: (MESH:C065382,Chemical) :: ['fluticasone']


abstract: Thrombolytic therapy reduces early mortality, preserves left ventricular function and improves long term prognosis of @entity583 . However it is relatively expensive and increasing use will have considerable financial consequences. With competing demand for health resources, information on economic evaluation of this revolutionary therapeutic modality is much needed. Economic evaluation of thrombolytic therapy of @entity583 entails the assessment of all resources consumed (costs) directly and indirectly in relation to the administration of thrombolytic drugs, versus the beneficial effects (outcome) on health preservation of the @entity1 . To save 1 year of life, the costs of thrombolytic therapy using intravenous streptokinase, alteplase (recombinant tissue plasminogen activator; rt-PA) or anistreplase (anisoylated plasminogen streptokinase activator complex) under standard restricted indication criteria, vary from 1000 pounds British sterling to 1700 pounds British sterling in the UK, SEK3090 to 9660 in Scandinavia and  US35 000 to 800 000 in the US, depending on time delay in starting treatment after @entity158 onset, size of @entity1188 , thrombolytic agents used, study methodology, lists of clinical events considered in cost counting and the discount rate. Cost-utility analyses revealed that the costs of thrombolytic treatment are similar to those of many other treatments for @entity299 , but methods for evaluating quality of life and utility require further refinement and validation. Economic assessments confirm that thrombolytic treatment of the elderly ( greater than 70 years) is as cost-effective as treatment of younger @entity1 and that both early and late thrombolytic therapy (given 6 to 12 hours after @entity1188 ) are beneficial and cost-effective. There are major logistical problems with prehospital thrombolysis, which despite great initial enthusiasm, is unlikely to be cost-effective in saving lives unless savings in time are greater than 1 hour. Cost-effectiveness/utility value of one drug determined from one study cannot be directly compared with that found in other studies using different drugs. More direct prospective comparative trials will be needed in respect of relative benefits and costs with different agents and adjunctive therapies.

title: Pharmacoeconomic aspects of treatment of XXXX with thrombolytic agents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac or other diseases']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity172 exert both inhibitory and stimulatory effects on the secretion of @entity1176 and gonadotropins in @entity1 . The endogenous opioid peptides seem to mediate, at least in part, the inhibitory action exerted by @entity172 on LH secretion. However, the mechanisms that mediate the stimulatory effect of @entity172 on LH secretion are still unclear. The present study was performed to evaluate whether the endogenous opioid peptides could also participate in the stimulatory effect that @entity172 exert on the gonadotropin response to @entity1176 . In postmenopausal @entity1 , a @entity1176 test was performed both under basal conditions and during the second month of treatment with transdermal 17 @entity10769 (E2). In untreated postmenopausal @entity1 , two different doses of @entity1510 infusion failed to modify the LH and FSH responses to @entity1176 stimulation. During treatment with transdermal E2, the LH response to @entity1176 was significantly increased, while the FSH response was similar to that before treatment. @entity1510 completely counteracted the enhanced LH response to @entity1176 observed during E2 treatment. On the other hand, @entity1510 did not significantly modify the FSH response to @entity1176 . The present results confirm that E2 exerts a sensitizing effect on the pituitary LH response to @entity1176 and suggest that the endogenous opioid system could be involved in this effect.

title: Effects of transdermal 17 beta-estradiol treatment and @entity1510 infusion on gonadotropin response to gonadotropin-releasing hormone in postmenopausal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogens', 'estrogens']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['Naloxone', 'naloxone']

entities_list: @entity10769 :: ('CHEBI:16469', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-estradiol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cardioembolism in paroxysmal @entity955 (pxAF) is a frequent cause of @entity385 . Sensitive detection of pxAF after @entity64 is crucial for adequate secondary @entity64 prevention; the optimal diagnostic modality to detect pxAF on @entity64 units is unknown. We compared 24-hour Holter electrocardiography (ECG) with @entity64 unit ECG monitoring (CEM) for pxAF detection. METHODS: @entity1 with acute @entity385 or transient @entity63 attack were prospectively enrolled. After a 12-channel ECG on admission, all @entity1 received 24-hour Holter ECG and CEM. Additionally, ECG monitoring data underwent automated analysis using dedicated software to identify pxAF. @entity1 with a history of @entity955 or with @entity955 on the admission ECG were excluded. RESULTS: Four hundred ninety-six @entity1 (median age, 69 years; 61.5% male) fulfilled all inclusion criteria ( @entity385 : 80.4%; transient @entity63 attack: 19.6%). Median @entity64 unit stay lasted 88.8 hours (interquartile range, 65.0-122.0). ECG data for automated CEM analysis were available for a median time of 64.0 hours (43.0-89.8). Paroxysmal AF was documented in 41 of 496 @entity1 (8.3%). Of these, Holter detected pxAF in 34.1%; CEM in 65.9%; and automated CEM in 92.7%. CEM and automated CEM detected significantly more @entity1 with pxAF than Holter (P<0.001), and automated CEM detected more @entity1 than CEM (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Automated analysis of CEM improves pxAF detection in @entity1 with @entity64 on @entity64 units compared with 24-hour Holter ECG. The comparative usefulness of prolonged or repetitive Holter ECG recordings requires further evaluation.

title: @entity64 unit electrocardiographic monitoring versus 24-hour Holter electrocardiography for detection of paroxysmal XXXX after @entity64 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'continuous stroke']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: Modifications of classical vesico-urethral suspension, according to Marshall-Marchetti-Krantz, are in widespread use among numerous operations for @entity322 , on account of their mild direct effect on both the urethra and @entity1494 region. However, @entity3833 and @entity546 may be quite frequent consequences later on because of retrosymphysial adhesions and rigid fixation of the vagina. We have, therefore, adopted an approach by which the advantages of mobile sling suspension are combined with indirect elevation of the urethrovesical junction, in that the vagina is fixed to strips obtained from the aponeurosis of the abdominal wall or from lyophilised dura mater. Fascial origin and dura anchorage in the abdominal wall are conducive to achieving a pronounced ventrocranial pull, and involvement of the rectus musculature in bridle action was found to add to the elevation effect in stress situations. A detailed account is given of the surgical technique. The method is contra-indicated or at least not fully sufficient only in cases of severe @entity3087 or descensus of the vagina. Twenty-eight @entity1 have undergone this operation, within one year, with 20 of them (71 per cent) being relieved from complaints and five (18 per cent) substantively improved. Stress quotient and transmission factor are favourably affected, in terms of urodynamics, while ventral urethrovesical fixation is improved, in terms of radiography. Postoperative uroflow parameters have stayed normal. Problems of co-habitation did not occur. The small number of cases and lack of long-time results, therefore, cannot prevent the authors from recommending the technique for verification by re-use.

title: [Colposuspension at the lateral abdominal wall using fascia strips--an adaptable elevation of the @entity1494 in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3087 :: ('MESH:D059952', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic floor insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder neck']

entities_list: @entity546 :: ('MESH:D004414', 'Disease') :: ['dyspareunia']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The aim of this study is to clarify the significance of a major hepatectomy for @entity157 ( @entity157 ). METHODOLOGY: Seventy-eight @entity1 with solitary HCC measuring less than 3 cm in diameter, whose liver function was considered sufficient to tolerate a right hepatic lobectomy, were classified into 2 groups consisting of: a major group (n = 18), who underwent a major hepatectomy (2 segments or more); and, a minor group (n = 60), who underwent a hepatectomy including one segment or less. The early post-operative outcome and the long-term outcomes, comprising @entity1 survival as well as disease-free survival, were compared. In addition, the post-operative long-term changes in liver function tests and esophageal variceal occurrence were also compared. RESULTS: In the post-operative mortality and morbidity, no significant differences were found between the 2 groups. However, 1 @entity1 in the major group unexpectedly died of @entity1578 6 months after operation. No significant difference was observed in @entity1 survival and disease-free survival. The platelet count in the major group tended to decline more rapidly than that in the minor group. Furthermore, 1 @entity1 in the major group demonstrated risky esophageal varices 29 months after operation, which had to be treated by endoscopic injection sclerotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the above findings, a major hepatectomy is therefore not recommended for @entity1 with solitary small HCC measuring 3 cm or less in diameter.

title: Evaluation of major hepatic resection for small XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['small hepatocellular carcinomas', 'HCCs']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To assess the effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with @entity1311 and @entity900 on long-term (5-year) survival of @entity1 with stage @entity3847 to IIB cervical @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three consecutive @entity1 with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage @entity3847 to IIB @entity5 were treated with intravenous @entity1311 (60 mg/m), followed by intravenous @entity900 (60 mg/m) every 10 days. Two weeks after the third cycle of chemotherapy, the @entity1 underwent surgery or radiation therapy, depending on overall condition. They were followed up, and 5-year survival rates and factors affecting prognosis were evaluated. RESULTS: All of 43 @entity1 underwent surgery. Of the 43 @entity1 , 17 (39.5%) showed a complete response, 22 (51.2%) had a partial response to @entity900 - @entity1311 , making the overall response rate 90.7%; the remaining 4 @entity1 (9.3%) had a stable disease. A down-staging response was seen in 72.1% (31/43) of @entity1 showing a response. After surgery, @entity1 received adjuvant therapy according to their pathological findings. Among the 43 @entity1 , 37 were followed up. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that the overall 2- and 5-year survival rates were 94.5% and 89.2%, respectively. Initial stage, response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, differentiation, depth of invasion after chemotherapy, and @entity3 were significantly correlated with survival. Differences in @entity27299 , @entity5 size, and stage before and after chemotherapy were also significantly correlated with survival. In contrast, initial @entity5 size, carcinoembryonic antigen concentration, cell type, and lymphovascular invasion did not correlate significantly with survival rate. CONCLUSIONS: Combination neoadjuvant chemotherapy with @entity1311 and @entity900 may improve long-term survival of @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Neoadjuvant XXXX and @entity900 in @entity5 : long-term results.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'uterine cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['paclitaxel']


abstract: The @entity1133 and heat-induced unfolding-refolding behaviours of @entity1573 egg white ovomucoid and its four fragments representing domains I, II + III, I + II and III were systematically investigated in 0.06 M @entity10457 buffer (pH 7.0) by difference spectral measurements. The effect of temperature on ovomucoid and its fragments was also studied in 0.05 M @entity13101 buffer (pH 5.0) and in presence of 2 M @entity1133 at pH 7.0. Intrinsic viscosity data showed that ovomucoid and its different fragments did not lose any significant amount of their structure under mild acidic conditions (pH 4.6). Difference spectral results showed extensive disruption of the native structure by @entity1133 or temperature. Isothermal transitions showed single-step for domain I, domain I + II and domain III, and two-step having one stable intermediate, for ovomucoid and its fragment representing domain II + III. However, the presence of intermediate was not detected when the transitions were studied with temperature at pH 7.0. Strikingly, the single-step thermal transitions of ovomucoid and its fragment representing domain II + III, became two-step when measured either at pH 5.0 or in presence of 2 M @entity1133 at pH 7.0. Analysis of the equilibrium data on @entity1133 and heat denaturation showed that the second transition observed with ovomucoid or domain II + III represent the unfolding of domain III. The kinetic results of ovomucoid and its fragments indicate that the protein unfolds with three kinetic phases. A comparison of three rate constants for the unfolding of intact ovomucoid with that of its various fragments revealed that domain I, II and III of the protein correspond to the three kinetic phases having rate constants 0.456, 0.120 and 0.054 min-1, respectively. These data have led us to conclude: (i) the unusual stability of ovomucoid towards various denaturants, including temperature, is due to its domain III, (ii) initiation of the folding of the ovomucoid molecule starts from its @entity2733 -terminal region which probably provides the nucleation site for the formation of the subsequent structure and (iii) domains I and II have greater mutual recognition between them as compared to the recognition either of them have with domain III.

title: Unfolding-refolding behaviour of XXXX egg white ovomucoid and its correlation with the three domain structure of the protein.

entities_list: @entity13101 :: ('MESH:D019346', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium acetate']

entities_list: @entity10457 :: ('MESH:C018279', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium phosphate']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chicken']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the serum levels of oxidative stress markers - @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) and protein @entity6738 in babies with perinatal @entity1763 and to correlate their levels with the outcome in terms of mortality and neurodevelopmental sequelae. METHODS: A group of 40 term AGA (appropriate for gestational age) @entity1 with perinatal @entity1763 were selected as cases and same number of healthy babies as controls. Serum levels of oxidative stress markers - @entity1234 and protein @entity6738 were determined in cord blood and at 48 hours of life. Their levels were correlated with the outcome of perinatal @entity1763 in terms of mortality and the long term neurological outcome. RESULTS: @entity1865 and protein @entity6738 , in cord blood were significantly higher among cases (5.88+/-1.40 micromol/L and 1.50+/-0.48 nmol/mg of protein respectively) than controls (3.11+/-0.82 micromol/L and 0.83+/-0.19 nmol/mg of protein respectively). Among the cases, @entity1865 and protein @entity6738 values at 48 hours of life (7.52 +/- 1.06 micrommol/L and 2.91 +/- 0.62 nmol/mg of protein respectively) were significantly higher than those at birth. @entity1865 at birth and 48 hours was significantly higher among babies who had @entity410 than those who remained @entity410 free. These values were also significantly higher in babies who expired as compared to those who survived. Protein @entity6738 values though higher in those who had @entity410 and in those who expired, were not statistically significant from controls. @entity1865 and protein @entity6738 at birth and 48 hours were higher in babies with @entity245 but the association was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: In @entity2806 ( @entity2806 ), oxidative stress markers @entity1865 and protein @entity6738 are high at birth and rise further at 48 hours and the values correlate with the morbidity and mortality. Therefore, determining the serum levels of oxidative stress markers @entity1865 and protein @entity6738 will be of benefit in predicting the outcome in perinatal @entity1763 .

title: Oxidative stress in perinatal XXXX in relation to outcome.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy', 'HIE']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity6738 :: ('CHEBI:23019', 'Chemical') :: ['carbonyl']

answer: @entity1763 :: (MESH:D001237,Disease) :: ['asphyxia']


abstract: The clinical features of @entity1358 may include complex systemic presenting symptoms unrelated to the urogenital tract. A particular characteristic of the @entity5 is the presence of widespread and unusual metastatic sites due to the high frequency of extension of the @entity5 into the renal vein and to subsequent hematogenous invasion. The prognosis, in general, is poor. A contributing factor is that the silent nature of the @entity5 frequently results in far-advanced disease at the time of diagnosis. The overall 10-year survival rate after nephrectomy for @entity1358 is 18% to 27%. The evidence that an immune mechanism regulates @entity5 growth is minimal. @entity8231 and ectopic hormone production result in multiple-systematic symptoms and abnormal clinical chemistries. Compared with other methods of staging, the new @entity2802 system contains a greater number of separate categories for different levels of renal vein, vena caval, and lymph node @entity3 . Although the system is complicated, it allows for a more accurate determination of prognosis. Computerized tomography appears to be the most effective and accurate method for making staging determinations.

title: Pathology, biology, and clinical staging of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['Paraneoplastic syndromes']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinoma']


abstract: Although lower esophageal sphincter (LES) dysfunction has been reported in @entity1 with @entity9237 , recent changes in manometric criteria for @entity2473 and for LES relaxation suggested a need for reassessment. Moreover, LES relaxation in reflux-associated @entity2473 has not been reported previously. On clinical criteria and independent of manometric findings, 22 @entity1 with @entity2473 were assigned to either idiopathic (I-DES, N = 9) or reflux-associated @entity2473 (R-DES, N = 13) groups. @entity1 who underwent manometry for @entity662 (C-NL, N = 10) or reflux (R-NL, N = 10) and had normal peristalsis served as control groups. Percent LES relaxation was significantly reduced in both @entity2473 groups, and R-DES had significantly lower percent relaxation than I-DES. Post-deglutitive nadir sphincter pressure was significantly greater in R-DES than in I-DES. Duration of relaxation was normal in I-DES, but was significantly decreased in R-DES. This study indicates that 1) LES relaxation may be impaired in I-DES @entity1 meeting current criteria for @entity2473 , 2) the impairment in I-DES is primarily in "amplitude" of relaxation, i.e., percent relaxation and nadir pressure, but not duration, 3) LES relaxation may also be impaired in R-DES, and 4) the impairment in R-DES is to a greater degree than in I-DES @entity1 and may be seen in both "amplitude" and duration of relaxation. This study shows that there is a spectrum of @entity1690 in @entity1 with @entity9237 . It also suggests that there may be separate mechanisms for LES relaxation in R-DES @entity1 , one with impaired relaxation and the other with near complete relaxation, "transient" or otherwise, to allow for reflux.

title: Lower esophageal @entity1690 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['sphincter dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity9237 :: ('MESH:D015155', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal spasm', 'diffuse esophageal spasm']

answer: @entity9237 :: (MESH:D015155,Disease) :: ['diffuse esophageal spasm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity118 have been surgically correctable for more than 30 years. The long-term survival rates among @entity1 treated in the early era of cardiac surgery are poorly documented, but such data are of critical importance to the future medical care, employability, and insurability of these @entity1 . METHODS: To determine the natural history of surgically corrected @entity118 , we studied all 123 @entity1 who underwent repair of an @entity154 (ostium secundum or sinus venosus) at the Mayo Clinic between 1956 and 1960, 27 to 32 years after the procedure. The follow-up status of all @entity1 was determined by written questionnaires and telephone interviews. Hospital records and @entity204 certificates were obtained if interim hospitalization or @entity204 had occurred. RESULTS: The overall 30-year actuarial survival rate among survivors of the perioperative period was 74 percent, as compared with 85 percent among controls matched for age and sex. The perioperative mortality was 3.3 percent (four deaths). Actuarial 27-year survival rates among @entity1 in the younger two quartiles according to age at operation (less than or equal to 11 years and 12 to 24 years) were no different from rates among controls--97 percent and 93 percent, respectively. In the two older quartiles (25 to 41 years and greater than 41 years), 27-year survival rates were significantly less (P less than 0.001)--84 percent and 40 percent, respectively--than in controls (91 and 59 percent). Independent predictors of long-term survival according to multivariate analysis were age at operation (P less than 0.0001) and systolic pressure in the main pulmonary artery before operation (P less than 0.0027). When repair was performed in older @entity1 , late @entity712 , @entity64 , and @entity955 were significantly more frequent. CONCLUSIONS: Among @entity1 with surgically repaired @entity118 , those operated on before the age of 25 have an excellent prognosis, but older @entity1 require careful, regular supervision.

title: Long-term outcome after surgical repair of isolated XXXX . Follow-up at 27 to 32 years.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['isolated defect']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity118 :: ('MESH:D006344', 'Disease') :: ['atrial septal defects', 'Atrial septal defects']

answer: @entity118 :: (MESH:D006344,Disease) :: ['atrial septal defect']


abstract: @entity32 is characterized by the influx of neutrophils and is associated with an increased production of reactive @entity26 species that can damage DNA. Oxidative DNA damage is generally thought to be involved in the increased risk of @entity5 in inflamed tissues. We previously demonstrated that activated neutrophil mediated oxidative stress results in a reduction in @entity377 excision repair (NER) capacity, which could further enhance mutagenesis. @entity32 and oxidative stress are critical factors in the progression of @entity1561 that is linked with enhanced @entity96 risk. In this report, we therefore evaluated the role of neutrophils and the associated oxidative stress in damage recognition and DNA repair in steatotic livers of 35 severely @entity28 subjects with either @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) (n=17) or @entity1560 alone (n=18). The neutrophilic influx in liver was assessed by @entity3335 ( @entity3335 ) staining and the amount of oxidative DNA damage by measuring M(1)dG adducts. No differences in M(1)dG adduct levels were observed between @entity1 with or without @entity1561 and also not between individuals with high or low @entity3335 immunoreactivity. However, we found that high expression of @entity3335 in the liver, irrespective of disease status, reduced the damage recognition capacity as determined by staining for histone 2AX phosphorylation (yH2AX). This reduction in yH2AX formation in individuals with high @entity3335 immunoreactivity was paralleled by a significant decrease in NER capacity as assessed by a functional repair assay, and was not related to cell proliferation. Thus, the observed reduction in NER capacity upon @entity99 is associated with and may be a consequence of reduced damage recognition. These findings suggest a novel mechanism of @entity96 development in @entity1 with @entity1561 .

title: Decreased XXXX excision repair in steatotic livers associates with @entity3335 -immunoreactivity.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation', 'Chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3335 :: ('4353', 'Gene') :: ['MPO', 'myeloperoxidase']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NASH', 'nonalcoholic steatohepatitis', 'nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic inflammation']

answer: @entity377 :: (CHEBI:36976,Chemical) :: ['nucleotide']


abstract: Influenza @entity11230 (HA) is a homotrimeric glycoprotein responsible for binding to @entity7451 found in the host cell surface. HA has a prominent 75   -long a-helix ( @entity15657 stalk) that contributes to overall HA structural stability. Among the H1N1 strains, a high level of predicted disorder is found at the base of the @entity15657 stalk, predominantly containing @entity2734 residues. Surprisingly, the significance of @entity2734 residues at the base of the @entity15657 stalk has not been elucidated. In this study, we analyzed the @entity15657 stalk base of 2830 @entity535 sequences of the @entity683 H1N1 subtype obtained from @entity1 , @entity1707 , and avian strains throughout 1918-2012. We detected a structurally conserved twin @entity2734 -residue (N145(2)-N146(2)) present at the @entity15657 stalk base in all H1N1 strains. In addition, we found that the twin @entity2734 -residue maintains both a 2.13    salt bridge and 11.74    110-helix:B-loop distance measurement in all H1N1 strains studied. Both observations were consistent with known @entity2383 . Interestingly, @entity535 substitutions in either or both residues 145(2) and 146(2) were found to alter these measurements and, likewise, shift the empirical distribution of HA @entity535 residues. Thus, we hypothesize that both the N145(2) and N146(2) residues found at the @entity15657 stalk base in all H1N1 strains provide the necessary structural requirements to stabilize the HA protein. More importantly, this would imply that the twin- @entity2734 -residue is an ideal target for anti- @entity683 therapies.

title: Structural insights on the potential significance of the twin @entity2734 -residue found at the base of the hemagglutinin 2 stalk in all XXXX A H1N1 strains: a computational study with clinical implications.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity7451 :: ('MESH:D012794', 'Chemical') :: ['sialic acids']

entities_list: @entity11230 :: ('MESH:D006388', 'Chemical') :: ['hemagglutinin']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['HA crystal structures']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']