abstract: PURPOSE: @entity4550 (SPA) are historically associated with poor outcomes. We seek to characterize current associations with @entity733 formation, surgical @entity1018 . METHODS: All cases of @entity4550 presenting to an affiliated hospital between April 2008 and 2013 were critically reviewed. RESULTS: Thirty @entity1 met inclusion criteria. Average age was 28.7        24.4. The male to female ratio was 2:1. @entity733 were identified in 56.7% of @entity1 . Adults were less likely than @entity1 to present with abscesses (28.6% vs. 81.3%, p   =   0.008). Of the other factors analyzed, only antibiotic use before admission (70.5% vs. 23.1%, p   =   0.03) and maximum restriction (-2.5        1.2 vs. -0.9        0.7, p   =   0.008) were associated with SPA. Temperature at presentation (37.9        0.9 vs. 37.1        0.4, p   =   0.04), relative proptosis (5.8        3.3   mm vs. 2.1        1.1, p   =   0.002) and @entity733 volume (4.3        1.3   mm(3) vs. 0.7        0.5   mm(3), p   =   0.0004) were associated with progression to surgery. Reoperation was required in 26.7% of @entity1 . Of these, two-thirds had combined superior/medial abscesses that re-accumulated after isolated endonasal surgery. Two of the 3 @entity1 with profound @entity1018 had a dental etiology. CONCLUSIONS: Only young age, prior antibiotics and degree of restriction predicted the presence of an @entity733 . @entity7823 was more common than anticipated, and drainage of superior/medial abscesses by endoscopic surgery alone had the strongest association with surgical failure. @entity1 with odontogenic abscesses must be treated with particular caution.

title: XXXX and Subperiosteal Abscess: A 5-year Outcomes Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['failure and vision loss', 'vision loss']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7823 :: ('MESH:D021821', 'Disease') :: ['Re-accumulation']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['Abscesses', 'abscess']

entities_list: @entity4550 :: ('MESH:D054517', 'Disease') :: ['Orbital cellulitis and subperiosteal abscess', 'orbital cellulitis']

answer: @entity4550 :: (MESH:D054517,Disease) :: ['Orbital Cellulitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Sensorimotor impairments and @entity308 (PSD) influence arm motor recovery post- @entity64 . Feedback provision improves upper limb motor learning in @entity1 with @entity64 but factors including PSD may affect ability to use feedback. We evaluated the influence of PSD on the ability to use auditory feedback for upper limb recovery and motor learning in @entity1 with @entity64 . METHODS: @entity1 (n=24) practiced 72 pointing movements/session (6 targets, 12 sessions, randomized) with auditory feedback on movement speed and trunk displacement. The presence of PSD (Beck's @entity308 Inventory; BDI-II) was assessed at pre-intervention (PRE). Arm motor impairment (Fugl-Meyer Assessment, shoulder horizontal adduction, shoulder flexion, elbow extension ranges, trunk displacement) and arm use (Motor Activity Log) were assessed at PRE, immediately after (POST) and retention (3mos; @entity8958 ). @entity1 were divided into two groups based on BDI-II scores: >= 14/63 (DEP group; n=8; score: 20.5    7.5) and  <=13/63 (no PSD ( @entity11702 ) group; n=16; score: 5.0    3.8). Changes in impairment and arm use levels were assessed (mixed-model ANOVAs). RESULTS: All @entity1 improved arm use. DEP had lower Fugl-Meyer scores, used more compensatory trunk displacement and had lower shoulder horizontal adduction range compared to @entity11702 . CONCLUSION: The presence of PSD diminished the ability to use auditory feedback for arm motor recovery and motor learning.

title: @entity308 influence use  of  feedback for motor learning and  recovery in  XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'chronic stroke']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive symptoms']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['chronic stroke']


abstract: The @entity2931 -induced @entity703 of the @entity329 has been extensively used not only as a model for @entity8 , but also for hormonal carcinogenetic studies. In spite of all the different approaches, its histogenesis remains unresolved. The two classical hypotheses are an epithelial origin (in the proximal convoluted tubules) or a mesenchymal-blastemal origin (in the interstitial cells). In the present study two types of @entity1613 were seen: @entity6554 and @entity8302 . The first neoplastic stage consisted of interstitial or blastemal cells aggregated in the form of microscopic nodules (tumourlets). In the more advanced @entity5 the blastemal pattern was the more predominant, but we also observed other patterns of epithelial, mesenchymal or neural types. These findings were confirmed by ultrastructural analysis, which revealed blastemal-epithelial transitions and mesenchymal and mesonephric features, as well as the presence of neurosecretory granules. The paucity of immunohistochemical studies on these @entity5 led us to apply a panel of the most frequently used antibodies in diagnostic pathology to 36 cases of our series. There was co-expression of cytokeratins and @entity47850 , which were the most intensely stained, together with S-100 protein. Further positivities were seen for carcinoembryonic antigen, @entity65832 , neuron-specific enolase and HNK-1. These results lend support to the revised, new histological classification confirmed by the ultrastructural findings, allowing us to postulate a tumoural origin in the renal interstitial cells, which may be nephrogenic undifferentiated cells that possess an epithelial, mesenchymal and neuroectodermal phenotype.

title: Morphological and immunohistochemical support for the interstitial cell origin of @entity2931 -induced XXXX in the @entity329 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity8302 :: ('MESH:D007984', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial cell hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity329 :: ('10036', 'Species') :: ['Syrian golden hamster']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['preneoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity6554 :: ('MESH:D015499', 'Disease') :: ['tubular dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['kidney tumour']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['kidney tumours']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity3174 is an effective anticonvulsant that has not previously been studied prophylactically in bipolar (BP) @entity1 . Thus a study of @entity3174 prophylaxis was undertaken and is herein reported. METHOD: Bipolar @entity1 were studied who had at least one episode per year in the previous 2 years despite ongoing prophylaxis. @entity1 were stable for a mean of 4 months (range 1-13) before entering the study. @entity3174 or placebo was added to their current therapy in a double-blind cross-over design for 6 months in each phase. Thirty observation periods of 6 months each were studied for 23 @entity1 . RESULTS: Three @entity1 had relapse on @entity3174 and nine had relapse on placebo. There was a significant prophylactic effect of @entity3174 in @entity162 [Cox's F-test for comparing survival in two groups: F(6, 18) = 3.44, p = 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests prophylactic effects of add-on @entity3174 in @entity162 . However, the number of @entity1 was small and confirmation is necessary.

title: Prophylactic effect of XXXX in @entity162 : a controlled study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['BP illness', 'BP disorder']

entities_list: @entity3174 :: ('MESH:D010672', 'Chemical') :: ['phenytoin', 'Phenytoin']

answer: @entity3174 :: (MESH:D010672,Chemical) :: ['phenytoin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the feasibility and effect of neuromuscular stimulation on recovery of mobility after surgical fixation for @entity173 . DESIGN: Double-blind study with stratified randomization. SETTING: Home-based rehabilitation program. @entity1 : Twenty-four @entity1 over the age of 75 years with @entity173 . INTERVENTIONS: Neuromuscular or placebo stimulation of the @entity121 of the @entity174 , applied for 3 hours a day, for 6 weeks, commencing 1 week after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Recovery of walking speed and ability, postural stability, lower-limb muscle power, and @entity158 at 7 and 13 weeks after surgery. RESULTS: @entity1 in the neuromuscular stimulation group showed faster recovery of mobility. Of the @entity1 receiving stimulation, 9 of 12 recovered their prior levels of indoor mobility ability by 13 weeks compared with 3 of 12 in the placebo group (Fisher exact test, P=.046). There were no differences in recovery of walking speed in the first 7 weeks, but @entity1 in the stimulation group had greater recovery between 7 and 13 weeks (mean difference=-.13m/s; 95% confidence interval, -.23 to -.01). CONCLUSIONS: Neuromuscular stimulation at home is feasible and may be effective in speeding recovery of mobility after surgical fixation of @entity173 .

title: Neuromuscular stimulation of the @entity121 after XXXX : a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractured leg']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['quadriceps muscle']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: AIM: This prospective study was aimed to assess the opinion, awareness and attitude of interns regarding @entity158 assessment, @entity158 management and common barriers in effective @entity158 therapy for @entity1 experiencing @entity158 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A questionnaire including demographic details, knowledge of the tools of @entity158 assessment, choice of drugs used, side effects, lacunae in existing knowledge and barriers in @entity158 management was designed. A total of 160 interns were approached, out of which 149 returned the completed questionnaire. Only a few of them had a chance exposure to @entity5 management but none of them had undergone any formal training, teaching or classes in this field. RESULTS: Most respondents knew that the @entity158 can be measured and the ways to do it. A significant number considered @entity1286 as the preferred drug for managing @entity5 and thought @entity1286 is responsible for @entity1576 . About 72% interns knew about transdermal preparation of @entity3575 and its usage in malignancy but only a few were aware of @entity4783 transdermal patch. Though they were enthusiastic about relieving the @entity5 @entity1 from suffering, they had limited knowledge of how to achieve this. The common barriers identified by them were lack of adequate knowledge and training and limited availability of opioids. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study emphasize the need of special training programs @entity158 management in order to change the current prevailing situation and improve the quality of @entity1337 provided to the @entity1 .

title: Current Clinical Opinions, Attitudes and Awareness of Interns Regarding Post-operative and XXXX Management in A Tertiary Care Centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer pain']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity4783 :: ('MESH:D002047', 'Chemical') :: ['buprenorphine']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['addiction and respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer Pain']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Ebola virus (EBOV) @entity3082 in Western Africa is the largest in recorded history and control efforts have so far failed to stem the rapid growth in the number of @entity281 . Mathematical models serve a key role in estimating @entity3082 growth rates and the reproduction number (R0) from surveillance data and, recently, molecular sequence data. Phylodynamic analysis of existing EBOV time-stamped sequence data may provide independent estimates of the unobserved number of @entity281 , reveal recent epidemiological history, and provide insight into selective pressures acting upon viral genes. METHODS: We fit a series mathematical models of @entity166 dynamics to phylogenies estimated from 78 whole EBOV genomes collected from distinct @entity1 in May and June of 2014 in Sierra Leone, and perform evolutionary analysis on these genomes combined with closely related EBOV genomes from previous outbreaks. Two analyses are conducted with values of the latent period that have been used in recent modelling efforts. We also examined the EBOV sequences for evidence of possible episodic adaptive molecular evolution during the 2014 outbreak. RESULTS: We find evidence for adaptive evolution affecting L and GP protein coding regions of the EBOV genome, which is unlikely to bias molecular clock and phylodynamic analyses. We estimate R0=2.40 (95% HPD:1.54-3.87 ) if the mean latent period is 5.3 days, and R0=3.81, (95% HPD:2.47-6.3) if the mean latent period is 12.7 days. The estimated coefficient of variation (CV) of the number of transmissions per infected host is very high, and a large proportion of @entity281 yield no transmissions. CONCLUSIONS: Estimates of R0 are sensitive to the unknown latent infectious period which can not be reliably estimated from genetic data alone. EBOV phylogenies show significant evidence for superspreading and extreme variance in the number of transmissions per infected individual during the early @entity3082 in Sierra Leone.

title: Phylodynamic analysis of ebola virus in the 2014 sierra leone XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

answer: @entity3082 :: (MESH:D004671,Disease) :: ['epidemic']


abstract: The shdA gene is carried on a 25-kb genetic island at centisome 54 (CS54 island) of the @entity2491 chromosome. In addition to shdA, the CS54 island of @entity2491 serotype Typhimurium strain LT2 contains four open reading frames designated ratA, ratB, sivI, and sivH. DNA hybridization analysis revealed that the CS54 island is comprised of two regions with distinct phylogenetic distribution within the genus @entity2491 . Homologues of shdA and ratB were detected only in serotypes of @entity11621 . I. In contrast, sequences hybridizing with ratA, sivI, and sivH were present in @entity11621 . II and @entity66993 in addition to @entity11621 . I. Deletion of the ratA and sivI genes did not alter the ability of @entity2491 serotype Typhimurium to colonize the organs of @entity19 . Insertional inactivation of the sivH gene resulted in defective colonization of the Peyer's patches of the terminal ileum but normal colonization of the cecum, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen. Deletion of the shdA gene resulted in decreased colonization of the cecum and Peyer's patches of the terminal ileum and colonization to a lesser degree in the mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen 5 days post-oral inoculation of @entity19 . A strain containing a deletion in the ratB gene exhibited a defect for the colonization of the cecum but not of the Peyer's patches, mesenteric lymph nodes, and spleen. The shdA and ratB deletion strains exhibited a shedding defect in @entity19 , whereas the sivH deletion strain was shed at numbers similar to the wild type. These data suggest that colonization of the @entity19 cecum is required for efficient fecal shedding in @entity19 .

title: Molecular and phenotypic analysis of the CS54 island of XXXX : identification of intestinal colonization and persistence determinants.

entities_list: @entity2491 :: ('90371', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium', 'Salmonella']

entities_list: @entity11621 :: ('28901', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica subsp', 'S. enterica subsp']

answer: @entity2491 :: (90371,Species) :: ['Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) with @entity75 ( @entity75 ) harboring an @entity470 ( @entity470 ) mutation shows good response to @entity4149 kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study is to assess the appropriate timing of brain radiotherapy (RT) for asymptomatic @entity75 in @entity470 mutant @entity1149 @entity1 . METHODS: There were 628 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity470 mutant @entity1149 between October 2005 and December 2011. Treatment outcomes had been retrospectively evaluated in 96 @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity75 without prior TKI treatment. 39 @entity1 received first-line brain RT, 23 @entity1 received delayed brain RT, and 34 @entity1 did not receive brain RT. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 26  months, the 2-year @entity1349 was 40.6  %. Univariate analyses revealed that ECOG performance status (p   =   0.006), other distant metastases (p   =   0.002) and first line systemic treatment (p   =   0.032) were significantly associated with @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). Multivariate analyses revealed that other sites of distant metastases (p   =   0.030) were prognostic factor. The timing of brain RT was not significantly related to @entity1349 (p   =   0.246). The 2-year @entity75 progression-free survival (PFS) was 26.9  %. Brain RT as first-line therapy failed to demonstrate a significant association with @entity75 PFS (p   =   0.643). CONCLUSIONS: First-line brain RT failed to improve long-term survival in TKI-na  ve @entity470 mutant @entity1149 @entity1 with asymptomatic @entity75 . Prospective studies are needed to validate these clinical findings.

title: Radiotherapy for asymptomatic @entity75 in @entity470 mutant XXXX without prior @entity4149 kinase inhibitors treatment: a retrospective clinical study.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['BM', 'brain metastasis']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'Non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes perceived by @entity1 in their sexual lives after orchidectomy and radiation therapy of the pelvic and para-aortic nodes for early-stage @entity4797 (ST). @entity1 AND METHODS: A questionnaire mainly based on two self-completed instruments, previously used to assess the sexual life of @entity1 affected by @entity5 (the UCLA/RAND sexual module and the Groningen sexual questionnaire) was mailed to a consecutive series of 143 @entity1 treated for ST between 1961 and 1995, and who showed no signs of disease after primary treatment. RESULTS: Ninety-eight questionnaires (69%) were returned and were evaluable. The median age of the @entity1 was 48 years (range 26-85) at the time they completed the questionnaire, with the median follow-up of 123 months (range 15-496). Most of the @entity1 (86%) had been sexually active during the month before completing the questionnaire. Of these @entity1 , 25% reported a low libido and 14% defined their sexual capacity as poor; 14% of the @entity1 avoided sexual contact after treatment because of the disease and/or @entity5 therapies. After therapy, a minority of the @entity1 found it more difficult to achieve and maintain an erection. Similarly, a few @entity1 reached orgasm less intensely and less frequently. During the period after treatment, 24% reported a low semen volume, 14% @entity2754 , 2% late ejaculation and 2% an @entity2754 . Most of the @entity1 considered the information and counselling given by their physician about the sexual sequelae of therapy to be insufficient. However, the amount of information about the disease and treatment was considered to be good by, respectively, 64% and 61% of the @entity1 . The only variable predictive of sexual adjustment was age at the time of the administration of the questionnaire. CONCLUSION: The sexual adjustment of @entity1 treated with orchidectomy and radiation therapy for early-stage ST is generally good, but a few have negative experiences. Although the main predictive factor is age, communication is an important issue and better information tools could lead to better adjustment.

title: Evaluation of sexual life after orchidectomy followed by radiotherapy for early-stage XXXX of the testis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2754 :: ('MESH:D061686', 'Disease') :: ['absence of ejaculation', 'premature ejaculation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['testicular seminoma']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['seminoma']


abstract: In reaction centers from @entity11704 (formerly called @entity11704 ), light causes an electron-transfer reaction that forms the radical pair state (P+I-, or PF) from the initial excited singlet state (P) of a bacteriochlorophyll dimer (P). Subsequent electron transfer to a @entity3276 (Q) produces the state P+Q-. Back electron transfer can regenerate P from P+Q-, giving rise to 'delayed' fluorescence that decays with approximately the same lifetime as P+Q-. The free-energy difference between P+Q- and P can be determined from the initial amplitude of the delayed fluorescence. In the present work, we extracted the native @entity3276 ( @entity12931 ) from Rps. sphaeroides reaction centers, and replaced it by various @entity30813 , @entity30812 , and @entity43336 . We found a rough correlation between the halfwave reduction potential (E1/2) of the @entity3276 used for reconstitution (as measured polarographically in @entity6442 ) and the apparent free energy of the state P+Q- relatively to P. As the E1/2 of the @entity3276 becomes more negative, the standard free-energy gap between P+Q- and P decreases. However, the correlation is quantitatively weak. Apparently, the effective midpoint potentials (Em) of the @entity15942 in situ depend subtly on interactions with the protein environment in the reaction center. Using the value of the Em for @entity12931 determined in native reaction centers as a reference, and the standard free energies determined for P+Q- in reaction centers reconstituted with other @entity15942 , the effective Em values of 12 different @entity15942 in situ are estimated. In native reaction centers, or in reaction centers reconstituted with @entity15942 that give a standard free-energy gap of more than about 0.8 eV between P+Q- and P*, charge recombination from P+Q- to the ground state (PQ) occurs almost exclusively by a temperature-insensitive mechanism, presumably electron tunneling. When reaction centers are reconstituted with @entity15942 that give a free-energy gap between P+Q- and P* of less than 0.8 with @entity15942 that give a free-energy gap between P+Q- and P* of less than 0.8 eV, part or all of the decay proceeds through a thermally accessible intermediate. There is a linear relationship between the log of the rate constant for the decay of P+Q- via the intermediate state and the standard free energy of P+Q-. The higher the free energy, the faster the decay. The kinetic and thermodynamic properties of the intermediate appear not to depend strongly on the @entity3276 used for reconstitution, indicating that the intermediate is probably not simply an activated form of P+Q-.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Radical-pair energetics and decay mechanisms in reaction centers containing @entity30813 , @entity30812 or @entity43336 in place of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity12931 :: ('MESH:D014451', 'Chemical') :: ['ubiquinone']

entities_list: @entity11704 :: ('1063', 'Species') :: ['Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides', 'Rhodobacter sphaeroides']

entities_list: @entity30813 :: ('MESH:D000880', 'Chemical') :: ['anthraquinones']

entities_list: @entity43336 :: ('MESH:D016227', 'Chemical') :: ['benzoquinones']

entities_list: @entity6442 :: ('MESH:D004126', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylformamide']

entities_list: @entity30812 :: ('MESH:D009285', 'Chemical') :: ['naphthoquinones']

answer: @entity12931 :: (MESH:D014451,Chemical) :: ['ubiquinone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We investigated anti- @entity6 , hypolipedimic and antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract from leaves and fruit peel of Punica granatum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Streptozotocin induced @entity6 Wister @entity35 were used in this study consisting of seven groups of six animals each. Groups (1) normal control, (2) @entity6 control, (3) leaves extract 100 mg/kg b.w. of P. granatum, (4) leaves extract 200 mg/kg b.w. of P. granatum, (5) fruit peel extract 100 mg/kg b.w. of P. granatum, (6) peel extract 200 mg/kg b.w. of P. granatum and (7) glibenclamide respectively. Fasting blood sugar was recorded on 1(st), 7(th), 14(th), 21(st) and 28(th) day. At the end of the experiment Lipid profile and levels of antioxidants were determined. Safety profile of both extracts was evaluated using acute and chronic @entity137 studies. RESULTS: Higher dose of fruit peel extract of P. granatum (PEPG) and glibenclamide significantly lowered blood glucose level from 7(th) day onwards however glibenclamide was found to be more effective. Leaves extract at higher dose and fruit extract at lower dose also significantly lowered blood glucose level from 14(th) day onwards. Leaves extract at lower dose also significantly lowered blood glucose level from 21(st) day onwards. Glibenclamide and higher dose of fruit PEPG extract significantly reduced the total cholesterol, triglyceride levels and significantly increased the high density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Glibenclamide followed by higher dose was found more effective in reducing plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and increasing levels of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase and @entity12609 ). No @entity137 was observed even when both extracts were administered at 10 times of higher dose used in this study and no significant changes were seen when it were used chronically. CONCLUSION: Leaves and fruit PEPG possesses significant anti- @entity6 , hypolipedimic and antioxidant properties. This study supports the traditional use of P. granatum in @entity6 . Fruit peel which is normally thrown by many while eating pomegranate fruit is having anti- @entity6 , hypolipedimic and Antioxidant activity. Furthermore high therapeutic index is safe for chronic use.

title: Evaluation of antidiabetic, hypolipedimic and antioxidant activity of hydroalcoholic extract of leaves and fruit peel of Punica granatum in male XXXX albino @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['Wistar']


abstract: Impairment or @entity1018 due to @entity18489 occurs in about 10% of @entity1 with @entity174 . The assessment of optic nerve function is important for decisions regarding optic nerve decompression. But examination of vision and pupillary reflexes may be difficult, especially in uncooperative @entity1 with @entity1662 and primary disturbances of pupillary functions. In these cases, optic nerve function can be monitored by means of flash-evoked visual potentials elicited by use of a LED-goggle stimulator. VEPs were recorded in ten @entity1 with @entity542 comprising @entity174 and cerebral concussion with prolonged alteration of consciousness. Recordings were obtained in the acute phase upon admission. Visual acuity and visual fields were examined after regaining consciousness and the clinical findings correlated to the initial VEPs. Upon clinical examinations, four @entity1 with initially normal VEPs had normal vision on both eyes. One @entity1 initially revealed unilateral reduction of the VEP-amplitude of more than 50% and clinically showed a concentric @entity227 . Three @entity1 with unilateral loss of potentials were amaurotic on this side. Perception of light was preserved in one @entity1 in whom VEPs were absent. One @entity1 with bilateral loss of potentials was blind when consciousness was regained. In general, pupillary light reflexes tested at admission corresponded to the VEP-findings. In two cases, however, pupillary reactivity was lost, but VEPs were still present. These @entity1 had normal vision, but exhibited a lesion of the efferent pathways of pupillary reflexes. In two other @entity1 , examination of pupillary reactivity could not be performed due to extreme @entity4 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Flash-evoked visual potentials in the early diagnosis of @entity18489 due to craniofacial XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1018 :: ('MESH:D054062', 'Disease') :: ['loss of vision']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field defect']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['cranio-facial fractures']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema of the eyelids']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

entities_list: @entity18489 :: ('MESH:D020221', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['reduced consciousness']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent reports have characterized virological and clinical features of the novel reassortant avian-origin @entity778 . However, cardiovascular involvement during @entity281 is still unclear. In this study, we evaluate @entity299 among @entity281 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 40 @entity1 who were laboratory-confirmed with @entity281 were retrospectively included and grouped by Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) score into four subgroups I(0-10), II(11-20), III(21-30) and IV(31-71). @entity65 and markers of @entity299 including creatinine kinase (CK), CK iso-enzyme (CK-MB), @entity6949 ( @entity6949 ) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were assessed. Electrocardiogram (ECG) and echocardiography (ECHO) were also performed. RESULTS: Half of @entity1 manifested with @entity65 , with @entity551 (47  5%) and @entity712 (40  0%) the most prevalent. CK, CK-MB and @entity6949 showed marked increase with H7N9 virus infection but significantly decreased after H7N9 viral tests turned negative. More than half of @entity1 presented with an abnormal ECG, but most of them are benign changes. ECHO examination showed different degree of @entity299 . Pulmonary artery systolic pressure was increased in all groups. @entity299 was more evident in @entity1 with higher APACHE II score. CONCLUSIONS: H7N9 virus exerts a transient @entity65 . @entity1 with a higher APACHE II score are more susceptible to @entity299 .

title: Transient @entity299 during XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A (H7N9) virus']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity6949 :: ('7137', 'Gene') :: ['cTNI', 'cardiac troponin I']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['H7N9 infection', 'H7N9-infected']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac damage', 'cardiac injury', 'impairment of cardiac function', 'Cardiac damage']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular complications', 'impairment on the cardiovascular system', 'cardiovascular complications']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['H7N9 infection']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Aim of the present study was to investigate the relations between myocardial mechanics and the extent of @entity1184 and @entity82 in @entity1121 ( @entity1121 ). Forty-five consecutive @entity1 with @entity1121 and 15 subjects without structural @entity299 were included. Cardiac magnetic resonance with late @entity2287 enhancement (LGE) imaging was performed to evaluate biventricular function, LV mass index and presence/extent of LGE, expression of replacement @entity82 . Myocardial T1 relaxation, a surrogate of @entity82 , was measured from Look-Locker sequence. Feature-tracking analysis was applied to LV basal, mid and apical short-axis images to assess systolic and diastolic global LV circumferential strain (CS) and strain rate ( @entity9362 ). Peak systolic CS and @entity9362 were significantly higher among @entity1121 @entity1 as compared to control subjects (p  =  0.015 and p  =  0.007, respectively). The ratio of peak @entity9362 during early filling to peak systolic @entity9362 was significantly lower among @entity1121 @entity1 (p  =  0.002). At multivariate linear regression analysis, LV mass index (p  <  0.001) and   %LV LGE (p  =  0.011) were significantly and independently related to peak systolic CS; LV mass index (p  <  0.001) and   %LV LGE (p  =  0.023) were significantly and independently related to peak systolic @entity9362 ;   %LV LGE (p  =  0.021) and T1 ratio (p  =  0.006) were significantly and independently related to the ratio of peak @entity9362 during early filling to peak systolic @entity9362 . LV systolic mechanics are enhanced and LV diastolic mechanics are impaired in @entity1121 . Extent of @entity1184 and replacement @entity82 influence the LV systolic mechanics while extent of replacement @entity82 and @entity82 influence the LV diastolic mechanics.

title: Systolic and diastolic myocardial mechanics in @entity1121 and their link to the extent of XXXX , replacement @entity82 and @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial fibrosis', 'fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['HCM', 'hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity1184 :: (MESH:D006984,Disease) :: ['hypertrophy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To see whether intravenous @entity898 would improve outcome in @entity1 with @entity879 after @entity1443 @entity1445 . DESIGN: A prospective randomised controlled study. SETTING: The Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London. @entity1 : 50 consecutive @entity1 (21 male) aged 16-60 with @entity879 after @entity1443 @entity1445 who had not previously received @entity898 . INTERVENTIONS: Conventional intensive liver care plus either @entity898 (25 @entity1 ) in the same dose regimen as used early after a @entity1443 @entity1445 , except that the infusion was continued until recovery from @entity75 or @entity204 , or an equivalent volume of 5% dextrose (25 @entity1 ). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Survival; incidence of @entity4 , @entity177 , and @entity551 requiring inotropic support; liver function as assessed by prolongation of the prothrombin time; and degree of @entity75 . RESULTS: The rate of survival was significantly higher in the @entity898 treated group than in the controls (48% (12/25 @entity1 ) v 20% (5/25); p = 0.037, 95% confidence interval for difference in proportions surviving 3% to 53%). @entity898 treated @entity1 had a lower incidence of @entity4 (40% (10/25) v 68% (17/25); p = 0.047, 95% confidence interval for difference in incidence 2% to 54%), and fewer developed @entity551 requiring inotropic support (48% (12/25) v 80% (20/25); p = 0.018, 95% confidence interval 7% to 57%). Rates of deterioration and recovery of liver function, however, were similar in the two groups. No adverse reactions to @entity898 were seen. CONCLUSIONS: @entity898 is safe and effective in @entity879 after @entity1443 @entity1445 .

title: Intravenous @entity898 in @entity1443 induced XXXX : a prospective controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity879 :: ('MESH:D017114', 'Disease') :: ['fulminant hepatic failure']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral oedema']

entities_list: @entity898 :: ('MESH:D000111', 'Chemical') :: ['Acetylcysteine', 'acetylcysteine']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

answer: @entity879 :: (MESH:D017114,Disease) :: ['fulminant hepatic failure']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity19462 and @entity17913 are endosomal proteolytic enzymes involved in the degradation of extracellular matrixes, angiogenesis and antigen presentation. Cathepsins could thus play several roles in the disease process of @entity309 . The aim of this study was to examine differences in @entity19462 and @entity17913 levels in serum and SF of @entity309 @entity1 with and without @entity7134 and RF. METHODS: In this study 121 @entity1 with @entity309 and clinical signs of @entity603 were recruited. @entity1 characteristics were collected and matched samples of serum and SF were analysed for @entity19462 , @entity17913 , @entity7134 , IgA and IgM RF, CRP and @entity1549 . RESULTS: SF levels of @entity17913 , @entity19462 and @entity1549 were significantly higher than in serum. Serum levels of both cathepsins were significantly higher in @entity1 with @entity7134 , IgM-RF and IgA-RF compared with @entity1 without these antibodies. SF levels of both cathepsins correlated with DAS28 and CRP in @entity7134 - and RF-positive but not in seronegative @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The differences in @entity19462 and @entity17913 between @entity309 @entity1 with and without autoantibodies indicate that these cathepsins have a specific role in the disease process of seropositive @entity309 . In this phenotype, cathepsin serum levels may reflect the autoimmune activity, whereas the levels in SF may reflect the local inflammatory and matrix degrading process in the joint.

title: @entity19462 and XXXX in serum and synovial fluid in @entity309 with and without autoantibodies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['knee synovitis']

entities_list: @entity19462 :: ('1520', 'Gene') :: ['cathepsin S', 'Cathepsin S']

answer: @entity17913 :: (1514,Gene) :: ['cathepsin L']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of @entity801 and @entity3402 given once daily versus the more common 8-hour dosing regimen for the treatment of postpartum @entity7288 . STUDY DESIGN: In a prospective, placebo-controlled, double-blinded study, @entity1 who had postpartum @entity7288 diagnosed were randomly selected to receive 1.5 mg/kg @entity801 and 900 mg @entity10758 administered every 8 hours versus @entity801 5 mg/kg and @entity10758 2700 mg administered as a single-daily dose. The single-dose group received an infusion of @entity801 and @entity3402 , followed by an administration of intravenous placebo 8 and 16 hours later to maintain blinding. Treatment success was defined as absence of fever 72 hours after initiation of antibiotic therapy. RESULTS: One hundred ten @entity1 were enrolled. The daily-dose group (n = 55) and the thrice-daily dose group (n = 55) were similar with respect to age, gravidity, parity, gestational age, and maternal weight. Clinical characteristics (including maximum temperature, presence of predelivery @entity5870 , white blood cell count, and mode of delivery) were also similar. There was no difference in the mean time from initiation of therapy until becoming afebrile in the daily-dose group (27.4 +/- 24.9 hours) compared with the thrice-daily dose group (32.9 +/- 26.3 hours). Forty-five of 56 (82%) @entity1 in the daily-dose group and 38 of 55 (69%) @entity1 in the thrice-daily dose group had treatment success (P =.12). CONCLUSION: Once-daily dosing with @entity801 and @entity3402 in @entity1 with postpartum @entity7288 has a similar success rate as the standard every 8-hour dosing schedule.

title: @entity801 and XXXX therapy in postpartum @entity7288 : the efficacy of daily dosing versus dosing every 8 hours.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity10758 :: ('MESH:C007084', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin phosphate']

entities_list: @entity7288 :: ('MESH:D004716', 'Disease') :: ['endometritis']

entities_list: @entity5870 :: ('MESH:D002821', 'Disease') :: ['chorioamnionitis']

entities_list: @entity3402 :: ('MESH:D002981', 'Chemical') :: ['clindamycin']

answer: @entity3402 :: (MESH:D002981,Chemical) :: ['clindamycin']


abstract: Abstract Objective. Evidence supports @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) as a means to reduce overtreatment of @entity263 (PCa). The consequences of close and long-standing follow-up with regard to outpatient visits, tests and repeated biopsies are widely unknown. This study investigated the trajectory and costs of @entity3457 in @entity1 with localized PCa. Materials and methods. In total, 317 PCa @entity1 were followed in a prospective, single-arm @entity3457 cohort. The primary outcomes were number of @entity1 contacts, @entity1486 (PSA) tests, biopsies, hospital admissions due to biopsy complications and @entity1 eventually undergoing curative treatment. The secondary outcome was cost. Results. The 5 year cumulative incidence of discontinued @entity3457 in a competing-risk model was 40%. During the first 5 years of @entity3457 @entity1 underwent a median of two biopsy sets, and @entity1 were seen in an outpatient clinic including PSA testing three to four times annually. In total, 38 of the 406 biopsy sessions led to hospital admission and 87 of the 317 @entity1 required treatment for @entity1876 ( @entity1876 ). With a median of 3.7 years' follow-up, the total cost of @entity3457 was @entity7634 (   ) 1,240,286. Assuming all @entity1 had otherwise undergone primary radical prostatectomy, the cost difference favoured @entity3457 with a net benefit of    662,661 (35% reduction). Conclusions. @entity3457 entails a close clinical follow-up with a considerable risk of rebiopsy complication, treatment of @entity1876 and subsequent delayed definitive therapy. This risk should be weighed against a potential economic benefit and reduction in the risk of overtreatment compared to immediate radical treatment.

title: Active surveillance for @entity263 : An analysis of XXXX contacts and utilization of healthcare resources.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['low-risk prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity1876 :: ('MESH:D001748', 'Disease') :: ['bladder outlet obstruction', 'BOO']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['active surveillance', 'AS']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: @entity1744 is a common @entity344 characterized by @entity490 , bloating, and disturbed defecation in the absence of other medical conditions with similar presentations. Because physical findings and currently available diagnostic tests lack sufficient specificity for clinical use, the diagnosis of @entity5377 is based on characteristic symptoms as outlined in several symptom-based criteria for @entity5377 . When used in combination with a detailed history, physical examination, and limited diagnostic testing, these criteria are a valid method of diagnosing @entity5377 . Once a confident diagnosis of @entity5377 has been made, treatment of @entity5377 should be based on the predominant symptom while taking into account the severity of symptoms and the degree of functional impairment both physically and psychologically. Most @entity1 with @entity5377 have mild symptoms and education, reassurance, dietary and lifestyle changes, and a therapeutic physician- @entity1 relationship form the backbone of treatment. A smaller number of @entity1 have moderate symptoms, which are typically intermittent, but may at times interrupt their normal activities. In addition to dietary and lifestyle modifications, pharmacologic intervention based on the predominant symptom ( @entity294 , @entity1142 , or @entity158 ) may be used to relieve symptoms. Finally, a small subset of @entity1 has severe or intractable symptoms. These @entity1 , often seen in tertiary referral centers, often have constant @entity158 symptoms and @entity73 . A multidisciplinary approach including pharmacologic treatments, psychologic treatments, and possibly a mental health or @entity158 center involvement may be beneficial.

title: XXXX : evaluation and treatment.

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychosocial impairments']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorder']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['Irritable bowel syndrome']

answer: @entity1744 :: (MESH:D043183,Disease) :: ['Irritable bowel syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conditional survival (CS) provides better estimates of the survival probability at each follow-up time, and its usefulness has been proven in several solid @entity5 . OBJECTIVE: To assess the changes in 5-yr CS rates after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract @entity189 (UTUC) and to determine how well-established prognostic factors evolve over time. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : We analysed data from 3544 @entity1 treated with RNU at 15 international academic centres between 1989 and 2012. INTERVENTION: RNU. OUTCOMES MEASUREMENTS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Conditional intravesical recurrence-free (IVRFS), @entity5 -specific survival (CSS), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) estimates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method. A multivariable Cox regression model was used to calculate proportional hazard ratios for the prediction of mortality. RESULTS AND LIMITATIONS: The 5-yr @entity150 recurrence-free survival, CSS, and @entity1349 rates were 54.9%, 72.2%, and 62.6%, respectively. Given a 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-yr survivorship, the 5-yr conditional @entity1349 rates improved to 65.2%, 69.3%, 71.5%, and 73.0%, respectively. The 5-yr CS improvement was primarily noted among surviving @entity1 with @entity5 . The impact of pathologic parameters on CS estimates decreased over time for both CSS and @entity1349 , whereas the impact of age and gender increased with survivorship. No survival benefit was noted regarding the adjuvant chemotherapy status. Findings were confirmed upon multivariable analyses. @entity5 location, the presence of @entity189 in situ, and the type of bladder cuff excision were continuously predictive for IVRFS whatever the survivorship. A limitation is the retrospective design. CONCLUSIONS: CS analysis demonstrates that the @entity1 risk profile evolves during the post-RNU follow-up. The probability of survival markedly increases over time in @entity1 having high-stage disease. The impact of prognostic pathologic features decreases over time and can disappear for long-term CS. @entity1 SUMMARY: In this study, we found that the risk of intravesical recurrence, @entity5 -specific survival, and overall mortality evolves over the follow-up after surgery. Taking into account the survivorship provides better estimates of the survival probability at each follow-up time.

title: Conditional Survival After Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'cancer', 'malignancies', 'advanced-stage disease']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['Carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Five @entity1 from two consanguineous families presented with @entity302 beginning in infancy and severe @entity2055 , moderate @entity1274 , and a renal salt-losing @entity8 with normotensive @entity5838 . We investigated the genetic basis of this @entity74 , which we call the @entity47328 (the presence of @entity302 , @entity2055 , @entity1274 , and @entity8 ). METHODS: Whole-genome linkage analysis was performed in the four affected @entity1 in one of the families. Newly identified mutations in a @entity972 -channel gene were evaluated with the use of a heterologous expression system. Protein expression and function were further investigated in genetically modified @entity19 . RESULTS: Linkage analysis identified a single significant locus on chromosome 1q23.2 with a lod score of 4.98. This region contained the @entity35112 gene, which encodes a @entity972 channel expressed in the brain, inner ear, and kidney. Sequencing of this candidate gene revealed homozygous missense mutations in affected @entity1 in both families. These mutations, when expressed heterologously in @entity1238 oocytes, caused significant and specific decreases in @entity972 currents. @entity19 with @entity44922 deletions became dehydrated, with definitive evidence of renal salt wasting. CONCLUSIONS: Mutations in @entity35112 cause a @entity74 , consisting of @entity302 , @entity2055 , @entity1274 , and @entity8 . Our findings indicate that @entity35112 plays a major role in renal salt handling and, hence, possibly also in blood-pressure maintenance and its regulation.

title: @entity302 , @entity2055 , XXXX , @entity8 , and @entity35112 mutations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['tubulopathy']

entities_list: @entity5838 :: ('MESH:D000471', 'Disease') :: ['hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis']

entities_list: @entity47328 :: ('MESH:C557674', 'Disease') :: ['EAST syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural deafness']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['specific disorder', 'autosomal recessive disease']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['sensorineural deafness']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Impairment of cell adhesion plays a vital role in @entity5 progression. E- and @entity6076 , @entity6460 , and @entity14048 are all adhesion molecules that have been implicated in the progression of several different @entity5 types. To help explain the potential role these adhesion molecules have in @entity43 , comparisons were made between expression patterns in normal ovary and various grades of primary and metastatic @entity43 . METHODS: Thirty-two primary and 8 metastatic @entity1 @entity43 and 18 samples of normal ovarian tissue were examined for adhesion molecule expression using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: @entity14048 and @entity6460 revealed an inverse relationship between @entity5 grade and expression levels, characterized by high expression in low-grade @entity5 and low expression in high-grade @entity5 and @entity3 . @entity14048 and @entity6460 also demonstrated a shift in cellular localization from the membrane in grade 1 @entity5 to the cytoplasm in grade 3 @entity5 . @entity6076 expression showed a positive trend between expression levels and @entity5 grade. @entity5962 expression varied little between different @entity5 grades and @entity3 . Inclusion cysts (n = 6) and surface invaginations often strongly expressed @entity14048 , @entity6460 , and @entity5962 . @entity14048 expression was variable in ovarian follicles and corpora lutea depending on their stage of development. CONCLUSIONS: Although sample size is limited, these findings suggest that @entity43 is associated with down-regulation and altered cellular localization of @entity14048 and @entity6460 . In addition, variable @entity14048 expression during follicular and luteal development suggests that it has a physiological function in the ovary. Further investigation will be needed to see if it is also regulated this way during progression of @entity43 .

title: Loss of expression and altered localization of XXXX and @entity6460 protein are associated with @entity43 progression.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancers', 'progression of ovarian epithelial carcinomas', 'ovarian cancer', 'ovarian epithelial carcinomas', 'epithelial ovarian cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity14048 :: (3732,Gene) :: ['KAI1']


abstract: In a prospective cohort study we investigated the course of allergic sensitization from childhood to puberty in a group of @entity1 with @entity12131 . An attempt was made to correlate the findings with the persistence of @entity565 . A total of 150 @entity1 with @entity12131 established at 7 years of age were evaluated when 8-10 years of age. A battery of skin-prick tests (SPTs) to common environmental allergens, a detailed clinical history for @entity565 severity classification, and spirometric analyses, were performed. In 127 of these @entity1 a re-evaluation was performed at puberty. A variety of statistical methods were used to analyze the results regarding changes in skin test reactivity to individual aeroallergens and atopic index (degree of @entity402 ), as well as to determine any correlation between these changes and the persistence of @entity565 in puberty. A wide spectrum of modification in skin reactivity to common environmental allergens was observed, including the complete loss of sensitization to some allergens or the development of a new one to others. Specifically, 34% of @entity748 @entity1 sensitive to @entity7130 and 52.7% sensitive to cat lost their sensitivity in puberty, while only 7.5% and 11.1%, respectively, became sensitized (p = 0.03 and p = 0.001, respectively). In contrast, regarding pollen sensitivity, 30.2% and 24% of @entity748 @entity1 became sensitive in puberty to olive pollen and grasses mix, respectively, and only 11.7% and 12.5%, respectively, lost their sensitivity to these allergens (p = 0.04). No correlation was shown between the skin test reactivity changes to individual allergens and the persistence of @entity565 , but a significant correlation was found between atopic index to indoor allergens in childhood and the persistence of @entity565 at puberty (p = 0.04). Interestingly, multi-sensitivity to allergens (>/= 4 allergens) in childhood was also found to correlate with the persistence of @entity565 at puberty [p = 0.05, odds ratio (OR) = 2.65, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.2-7.2]. Our findings indicate that significant modification of skin reactivity to common environmental allergens in atopic @entity1 with @entity565 in puberty can occur. However, no association between these changes and the persistence of @entity565 could be demonstrated, although @entity1 with @entity56 and multi-reactivity were found to have a higher probability of maintaining their @entity565 in puberty.

title: Skin-prick test findings in atopic @entity748 XXXX : a follow-up study from childhood to puberty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatic']

entities_list: @entity12131 :: ('MESH:C565292', 'Disease') :: ['atopic asthma']

entities_list: @entity7130 :: ('6956', 'Species') :: ['Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['indoor allergic sensitization']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: AIM: To estimate @entity2721 ( @entity2721 ) and risk factors for @entity170 in @entity1 with @entity565 ( @entity565 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study included 119 @entity1 (48 males and 71 females) aged 18 to 49 years who had no diseases or states that can induce @entity2721 , except @entity565 . The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups: 1) those untreated with glucocorticoids (GC); 2) those who received inhaled GC; and 3) those who permanently took oral and inhaled GC. The @entity1 underwent questionnaire survey, double-power X-ray absorption of the lumbar vertebral column and proximal femur, and X-ray study; forced expiratory volume per sec and peak expiratory function were measured. RESULTS: In Group 1 @entity1 , there was a high incidence of @entity2331 that increased with the severity of @entity565 . About 2.5-year therapy with inhaled GC in large and small doses had no impact on @entity2721 . The prolonged use of systemic GC caused a marked reduction in @entity2721 and led to the development of @entity174 . Changes were detected in both the lumbar spine and proximal femur. In males and females, @entity2721 decreases were equal. @entity2721 correlated with the duration of GC therapy and with age at its initiation, but not with the daily dose of GC. In 15.4% of the @entity1 , @entity2721 remained in the normal range despite the prolonged use of GC in large doses. @entity174 were observed at the values of @entity2721 , which had not reached the stage of @entity170 according to the WHO criteria, which was indicative of qualitative GC-induced bone tissue changes. CONCLUSION: GC is an important, but not alone, risk factor for @entity170 in @entity748 @entity1 . The high rate of low @entity2721 among the @entity1 receiving no GC suggests that it is necessary to make an early diagnosis and to perform rational treatments.

title: [Bone mineral density and risk factors for developing @entity170 in XXXX @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporetic fractures', 'osteoporetic fractures']

entities_list: @entity565 :: ('MESH:D001249', 'Disease') :: ['BA', 'bronchial asthma']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity2721 :: ('MESH:D018213', 'Disease') :: ['mineral bone tissue density', 'MBTD']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['bronchial asthma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Bevacizumab is an antibody directed against @entity7 . It is approved for the treatment of many @entity5 . Its side effects are currently not well known by physicians. CASE REPORT: A 70-year-old female with metastatic @entity694 was admitted in the intensive care unit because of a @entity772 , four days after having received a combined monthly chemotherapy containing bevacizumab, @entity901 , 5  flurouracile, and @entity4181 for the fourth time. On clinical examination, she presented with lower limbs @entity508 and @entity101 . Etiologic investigations, including cerebral tomodensitometry, cerebrospinal fluid examination, psychotropic drugs urinary testing, and electroencephalogram, were negative. Consciousness improved without any other treatment than @entity3360 and @entity3773 , but the @entity1 was initially confused. Cerebral magnetic resonance imaging showed changes suggestive of posterior reversible @entity75 syndrome, but also involving frontal lobes. There were additional biological and echocardiographic changes suggestive of @entity299 . The @entity1 recovered completely of both cardiac and neurologic manifestations 10  days later. CONCLUSION: Physicians should be aware of cardiovascular adverse effects of bevacizumab. @entity101 must be treated to avoid more severe complications. When a posterior reversible @entity75 syndrome occurs, @entity299 should be investigated.

title: [Reversible posterior XXXX syndrome and cardiomyopathy after bevacizumab therapy].

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatine']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['High blood pressure', 'hypertension']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer diseases']

entities_list: @entity3773 :: ('MESH:C015568', 'Chemical') :: ['urapidil']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity3360 :: ('MESH:D009529', 'Chemical') :: ['nicardipine']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac involvement']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['encephalopathy']


abstract: Pregnancy is infrequently complicated by the diagnosis of a concurrent @entity0 . This presents a particularly complicated clinical problem. The treatment of @entity0 in young @entity1 involves a number of difficult decisions regarding therapy. These decisions become even more complex when the concerns of the safety of an unborn @entity1 are added to the equation. For @entity0 diagnosed late in the third trimester, it is relatively straight forward to delay therapy until after delivery. For @entity1 diagnosed earlier in pregnancy, there are legitimate concerns that delays in therapy may adversely affect outcomes. While there are no randomized trials addressing the optimal treatment of @entity1 in this situation, there are case reports, case series, and cohort experiences that provide some insight. There are recommendations available from an international working group and from the National @entity5 Network that address the treatment of @entity1 in this situation. There is general consensus that both surgery and chemotherapy are relatively safe after the first trimester of pregnancy. It is generally agreed that therapeutic radiation, if necessary, should be delayed until completion of pregnancy.

title: "I'm pregnant and I have XXXX ".

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Comprehensive Cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Severe symptomatic and unstable @entity4713 of the knee are difficult to treat. A variety of surgical techniques have been developed. However, the optimal surgical technique is still controversial. We present a novel technique in which autologous bone grafting is combined with @entity737 ( @entity737 ). METHODS: Isolated severe @entity4713 of the medial or lateral femoral condyle were treated by a two-step procedure. Firstly, chondrocytes were harvested during arthroscopy and cultured for 6 weeks. Secondly, a full thickness corticospongious autologuos bone graft, harvested from the medial or lateral femur condyle, is impacted in the defect and covered by @entity737 . The fibrin gel fills up to the exact shape of the chondral lesion and polymerizes within 3 min after application. RESULTS: From 2009 to 2011, 9 @entity1 , median age 35 years (range 23   47), were treated by the combined autologous bone grafting and @entity737 technique. Median defect size was 7.1 cm2 (range 2.5   12.0), and median depth of the lesion was 0.9 cm (range 0.8   1.2). Median follow-up was 9 months (range 6   12 months). Six @entity1 were available for 12-month follow-up. The mean IKDC score showed a 6-month improvement from 35 (SD    16) to 51 (SD    18) (n = 9; p = 0.01), and a 1-year improvement from 35 (SD    16) to 57 (SD    20) (n = 6; p = 0.03). The mean KOOS improved from 44 (SD    16) to 62 (SD    19) (n = 9; p = 0.07) at 6-month follow-up and from 44 (SD    16) to 65 (SD    24) (n = 6; p = 0.1) at 12-month follow-up. There was one failure that needed conversion to a unicompartmental knee arthroplasty. CONCLUSION: Combined autologous bone grafting and @entity737 may offer an alternative surgical option for severe and unstable @entity4713 of the knee.

title: Treatment of severe XXXX of the knee by combined autologous bone grafting and autologous chondrocyte implantation using fibrin gel.

entities_list: @entity737 :: ('MESH:D057873', 'Disease') :: ['gel-type autologous chondrocyte implantation', 'GACI']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4713 :: ('MESH:D010007', 'Disease') :: ['osteochondral defects']

answer: @entity4713 :: (MESH:D010007,Disease) :: ['osteochondral defects']


abstract: 1. @entity460 balances and formation rates of new bone measured with an improved tracer technique using 85Sr have been determined simultaneously in 21 @entity1 with @entity174 . 2. A weak positive association was found between @entity460 balance and the kinetically measured @entity460 accretion rate, which is the sum of the true rate of bone formation and various long-term exchange processes. 3. The more negative balances were associated with significantly greater early loss of tracer taken up into bone by 'accretion', so that long-term (greater than 200 day) uptake was reduced. 4. This indicates that @entity1 actively losing bone mineral have lower true rates of bone formation and higher rates of long-term exchange than their fellow @entity1 who are more nearly in @entity460 equilibrium. 5. No statistically significant association was found between measured rates of bone resorption and @entity460 balance.

title: Rates of new bone formation in XXXX with @entity174 .

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic osteoporosis and vertebral crush fractures']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity299 ( @entity299 ) are increasingly being used in @entity454 ( @entity454 ) @entity1 . These @entity1 have a high risk of device @entity281 . OBJECTIVES: To study the optimal management of device @entity281 in @entity1 with @entity454 . METHOD: We used the United States Renal Data System (USRDS) to assess the presence of a @entity299 and associated comorbidities, risk factors for @entity281 , and mortality following device extraction or medical management in @entity454 @entity1 with @entity299 . Univariable, multivariable, and survival analyses were performed using USRDS data from 2005 to 2009. RESULTS: Of 546,769 @entity1 , 6.4% had @entity299 and 8.0% of those developed @entity299 . The major risk factors for device @entity281 were black race, temporary dialysis catheter, and body mass index >25. @entity1 with artificial valves were excluded from the analysis. Only 28.4% of infected @entity299 were removed. @entity299 removal was more common in those with @entity712 . The median time to @entity204 following diagnosis of a @entity299 was 15.7 months versus 9.2 months for those treated via device extraction versus medical-only therapy (hazard ratio: 0.75; 95% confidence interval: 0.68-0.82). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with @entity454 and infected CIEDs have a poor prognosis. Rates of device extraction are low, but this strategy appears to be associated with modest improvement in survival.

title: Cardiac implantable electronic device XXXX in @entity1 with @entity454 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac implantable electronic devices', 'CIED infection', 'CIED']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: AIMS: Within the brain, subgroups of neurons respond differently to altered @entity413 concentrations. Identification of @entity11095 Y in hypothalamic neurons that sense @entity413 suggests a role for @entity10969 in @entity413 sensing. Using in vitro and in vivo techniques to monitor transmitter release, we investigated whether lowering @entity413 concentration affects the release of @entity11095 Y from the brain, and whether this process is altered in Type I (insulin-dependent) @entity6 . METHODS: Male @entity35 were treated with 48 mg/kg @entity3839 or vehicle intravenously. The effect of reduced @entity413 on endogenous @entity11095 Y overflow from slices of @entity2339 and medulla incubated in Krebs solution was examined 4 weeks later. The @entity2339 was separated into a dorsal region containing the paraventricular nucleus and a ventral region containing the arcuate nucleus. RESULTS: @entity3839 -induced @entity6 increased basal @entity11095 Y overflow in the dorsal and @entity4037 ( p<0.05) but not the medulla. In vitro @entity11095 Y overflow was reduced by low @entity413 in the dorsal @entity2339 in @entity6 , but not in control @entity35 . No effect of reduced @entity413 was observed in the @entity4037 or medulla. In vivo push-pull studies in the paraventricular nucleus also showed greater @entity11095 Y overflow in @entity6 @entity35 relative to control @entity35 ( p<0.05). Insulin-induced hypoglycaemia induced a decrease in @entity11095 Y overflow in @entity6 @entity35 , while an increase was observed in control @entity35 ( p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These region-specific effects of low @entity413 on @entity11095 Y overflow in @entity6 @entity35 support a part for @entity11095 Y in altered @entity413 sensing in @entity1723 .

title: Involvement of @entity10969 in @entity413 sensing in the dorsal @entity2339 of @entity3839 @entity6 XXXX - in vitro and in vivo studies of transmitter release.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozotocin', 'Streptozotocin']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['Type I diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4037 :: ('MESH:D006555', 'Disease') :: ['ventral hypothalamus']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: @entity245 ( @entity245 ) affect more than 3% of @entity1 and are attributable to single-gene mutations at more than 1000 loci. Traditional methods yield molecular diagnoses in less than one-half of @entity1 with NDD. @entity5555 ( @entity5555 ) and whole-exome sequencing (WES) can enable diagnosis of NDD, but their clinical and cost-effectiveness are unknown. One hundred families with 119 @entity1 affected by NDD received diagnostic @entity5555 and/or WES of parent- @entity1 trios, wherein the sequencing approach was guided by acuity of illness. Forty-five percent received molecular diagnoses. An accelerated sequencing modality, rapid @entity5555 , yielded diagnoses in 73% of families with acutely ill @entity1 (11 of 15). Forty percent of families with @entity1 with nonacute NDD, followed in ambulatory care clinics (34 of 85), received diagnoses: 33 by WES and 1 by staged WES then @entity5555 . The cost of prior negative tests in the nonacute @entity1 was  19,100 per family, suggesting sequencing to be cost-effective at up to  7640 per family. A change in clinical care or impression of the pathophysiology was reported in 49% of newly diagnosed families. If WES or @entity5555 had been performed at symptom onset, genomic diagnoses may have been made 77 months earlier than occurred in this study. It is suggested that initial diagnostic evaluation of @entity1 with NDD should include trio @entity5555 or WES, with extension of accelerated sequencing modalities to high-acuity @entity1 .

title: Effectiveness of exome and genome sequencing guided by acuity of illness for diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity5555 :: ('MESH:D042822', 'Disease') :: ['Whole-genome sequencing', 'WGS']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['NDDs', 'Neurodevelopmental disorders']

answer: @entity245 :: (MESH:D002658,Disease) :: ['neurodevelopmental disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Respiratory and @entity177 are common dysfunctions during post-liver transplantation period that increase post-operative mortality and morbidity rates. Intra-operative fluid therapy is an important factor associated with @entity177 . OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relation between intra-operative fluid therapy and early renal and @entity1576 after liver transplantation. METHODS: In this randomized clinical study, 67 adult @entity1 with @entity3851 who underwent orthotopic deceased donor liver transplantation were randomly allocated into two groups. The restricted fluid group, which received a controlled fluid administration of normal saline, 5 mL/kg/hr during anesthesia, and non-restricted fluid group received a controlled infusion of normal saline 10 mL/kg/hr during anesthesia. Early post-operative respiratory and @entity177 in both groups were assessed. The @entity1 were monitored during the three stages of liver transplantation for their hemodynamic indices. The trial is registered with the Iranian Randomized Clinical Trial Registry, number IRCT2013101811662N4. RESULTS: The baseline demographic and clinical characteristics were similar in both studied groups. The prevalence of @entity1576 in the non-restricted fluid group (15%) significantly (p=0.01) higher than that in the restricted fluid group (0%). The post-operative mean  SD serum @entity1011 was 1.0  0.1 mg/dL in the non-restricted fluid group and 1.1  0.2 in the restricted fluid group (p=0.43). No @entity1 in the studied groups required post-operative continuous renal replacement therapy. CONCLUSIONS: Restricted crystalloid fluid administration during orthotropic liver transplantation though decreased post-operative chance of @entity338 , did not increase @entity8 .

title: Restricted Crystalloid Fluid Therapy during Orthotopic Liver Transplant Surgery and its Effect on Respiratory and XXXX in the Early Post-operative Period: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency', 'pulmonary and renal insufficiency', 'renal insufficiencies']

entities_list: @entity338 :: ('MESH:D011665', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity3851 :: ('MESH:D058625', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage liver disease']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['Renal Insufficiency']


abstract: A method that combines NMR spectral and structural information into a constructed three-dimensional (3D)-connectivity matrix is developed for modeling biological binding activity of small molecules. The 3D-connectivity matrix for a molecule is defined by associating the distances between all possible @entity505 -to- @entity505 connections with their assigned @entity505 NMR chemical shifts. In this project we selected from the total 3D-connectivity matrix a subset, the two-dimensional (2D) @entity7352 - @entity7352 COSY and a theoretical long range 2D @entity7352 - @entity7352 distance connectivity spectral plane. Patterns of @entity7352 chemical shifts observed at these two relative distances for 50 @entity230 were used to produce a mathematical relationship for the @entity230 ' relative binding affinity (pK(i)) to the aromatase enzyme. We call this technique comparative structural connectivity spectra analysis (CoSCoSA) modeling. Using combinations of the 2D COSY and 2D long-range distance spectra as modeling parameters, we built four CoSCoSA models. One model was made from the 2D COSY spectra alone and another was developed using only the 2D long-range distance spectra. Then the COSY and long-distance spectra were combined in two different ways: starting with the combined principal components (PCs) from the separately calculated COSY and distance spectra or using the combined raw spectra (3D). The best CoSCoSA model was based on the combined PCs from COSY and distance spectra. This model had an r(2) of 0.96 and a leave-one-out cross-validation (q(2)) of 0.92. In general CoSCoSA modeling combines the quantum mechanical information inherent in NMR chemical shifts with internal molecular atom-to-atom distances to give a reliable and straightforward basis for predictive modeling. The technique has the flexibility and accuracy to outperform not only the cross-validated variance q(2) of previously published quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) but also those obtained by related quantitative spectral data-activity relationships (QSDARs) lacking connectivity dimensions.

title: Comparative structural connectivity spectra analysis (CoSCoSA) models of XXXX binding to the aromatase enzyme.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity230 :: (MESH:D013256,Chemical) :: ['steroids']


abstract: Antiangiogenic activity of @entity6108 on the @entity5 neogenesis was investigated by evaluating the density of neocapillaries induced by @entity157 cells (HepG2) in @entity19 , using intravital fluorescence videomicroscopy. Male BALB/c @entity19 (20-25 g) were used, and a dorsal skin-fold chamber was implanted. HepG2 (30 microl of 2 x 10(6) cells) were inoculated on the upper surface of the skin within the chamber. The @entity19 were divided into two groups as follows. @entity3733 solution (0.1%) was fed (HepG2 group, n=5) or @entity6108 solution (3000 mg/kg bw) was fed oral daily (HepG2-Cur group, n=5), one day after the inoculation of HepG. On days 7 and 14 post- @entity5 -inoculation, the @entity5 microvasculature was visualized by injecting 0.1 ml of 0.5% @entity34156 -labeled dextran intravenously, and observed under an intravital fluorescence videomicroscope. Based on the recorded videoimage, the @entity5 neocapillary density and microvasculature were evaluated using a digital image analysis and correlated with the @entity5 area. The image analysis demonstrated that in the HepG2-group the neocapillary densities were significantly increased on day 7, and day 14, compared to the aged-matched Sham-group (P<0.05). In the HepG2-Cur group, the increase of @entity5 neocapillary density was attenuated significantly. It was suggested that high dose of @entity6108 might be an effective anti-angiogenic drug in the treatment against @entity5 .

title: Antiangiogenic activity of @entity6108 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells implanted XXXX .

entities_list: @entity34156 :: ('CHEBI:60604', 'Chemical') :: ['rhodamine B isothiocyanate']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['Dimethyl sulfoxide']

entities_list: @entity6108 :: ('MESH:D003474', 'Chemical') :: ['curcumin']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['nude mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: @entity3645 ( @entity7902 ) regulate energy expenditure by activating G-protein Coupled @entity6741 Receptor @entity26738 / @entity26738 by @entity268 -dependent mechanisms. Cholecystectomy (XGB) increases @entity7902 recirculation rates resulting in increased tissue exposure to @entity7902 during the light phase of the diurnal cycle in @entity19 . We aimed to determine: 1) the effects of XGB on basal metabolic rate (BMR) and 2) the roles of @entity26738 on XGB-dependent changes in BMR. METHODS: BMR was determined by indirect calorimetry in wild type and @entity26738 deficient ( @entity26738 -/-) male @entity19 . Bile flow and @entity7902 secretion rates were measured by surgical diversion of biliary duct. Biliary @entity7902 and @entity165 were quantified by enzymatic methods. @entity7902 serum concentration and specific composition was determined by liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. Gene expression was determined by qPCR analysis. RESULTS: XGB increased biliary @entity7902 and @entity165 secretion rates, and elevated serum @entity7902 concentration in wild type and @entity26738 -/- @entity19 during the light phase of the diurnal cycle. BMR was ~25% higher in cholecystectomized wild type @entity19 (p <0.02), whereas no changes were detected in cholecystectomized @entity26738 -/- @entity19 compared to wild-type animals. CONCLUSION: XGB increases BMR by @entity26738 -dependent mechanisms in @entity19 .

title: Metabolic Effects of Cholecystectomy: Gallbladder Ablation Increases Basal Metabolic Rate through G-Protein Coupled XXXX Receptor @entity26738 -Dependent Mechanisms in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity6741 :: ('CHEBI:3098', 'Chemical') :: ['Bile Acid']

entities_list: @entity3645 :: ('MESH:D001647', 'Chemical') :: ['Bile acids']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity6741 :: (CHEBI:3098,Chemical) :: ['Bile Acid']


abstract: AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate success of endoscopic lithotripsy for @entity3226 following stress urinary incontinance surgery and contraception surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Charts of @entity1 admitted in two centers between January 2006 and March 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and seven @entity1 were enrolled in our study. @entity1 demographic parameters including age, main complaint(s), previous surgery type, time to diagnosis were analyzed. Also operative time, hospitalisation lenght, perioperative and @entity260 ( s) were evaluated. RESULTS: Five @entity1 had undergone @entity2701 free @entity365 and one @entity1 had undergone transobturator tape procedure. Median age was 62 (50-71) years. In one @entity1 @entity3226 formed around an intrauterine device. @entity3833 (85%), @entity811 (57%) and recurrent @entity293 (57%) were the main complaints. The median diagnosis time was 44.1 months. Abdominal ultrasonography and non contrast enhanced computer tomography were performed for five and two @entity1 respectively and diagnosis was confirmed cystoscopically. Endoscopic lithotripsy using @entity23008 laser lithotripter or pneumatic lithotripter was used for all cases. The mean operation time was 41.2 minutes (20-70) and success was 100%. There was no intraoperative complication. Only one @entity1 had fever higher than 38  C postoperatively and was treated by appropriate antibiotic. The median hospitalisation time was 1.57 day. CONCLUSION: In conclusion endoscopic lithotripsy is a safe and effective approach to manage @entity3226 associated with mid-urethral synthetic slings and intrauterine devices.

title: Management of XXXX associated with foreign bodies following incontinence and contraception surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3226 :: ('MESH:D001744', 'Disease') :: ['bladder stone']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity811 :: ('MESH:D006417', 'Disease') :: ['hematuria']

entities_list: @entity365 :: ('MESH:D014627', 'Disease') :: ['vaginal tape procedure']

entities_list: @entity293 :: ('MESH:D014552', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract infection']

answer: @entity3226 :: (MESH:D001744,Disease) :: ['bladder stones']


abstract: The effects of @entity2845 and of the lack of gravity on muscle fibres, fibre type composition and myosin light chain pattern, as well as on muscle mechanoreceptors were investigated in the slow-twitch soleus (SOL) and fast-twitch extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles of young growing and adult @entity35 after suspension @entity2845 (SH) of their hind limbs. The animals were suspended by their tail so that their hind limbs were relieved of their normal weight-bearing function for 3-6 weeks. In normal 3- to 4-week-old @entity35 the SOL contained about 50% type I fibres and their percentage increased up to about 80% until the 10th week, with simultaneous reduction of type IIA fibres. After 3 to 6 weeks of suspension treatment maintained from 3- to 4-week-old @entity35 up to 6 to 10 weeks of age, the SOL still only contained about 50% of type I fibres. The content of fast LC1 and LC2 in the SOL of 6-week-old @entity35 after 3 weeks of suspension was higher than that of control litter-mates reflecting the higher occurrence of IIA fibres in the suspended solei. No changes in fibre type composition were observed after SH performed in adult @entity35 . SH thus leads, in young animals, to the arrest of conversion of type IIA to type I fibres resulting in the persistence of the fibre type composition and of the myosin light chain pattern corresponding to those present in the SOL at the time of the onset of suspension. In both young and adult @entity35 , SH markedly decreased the mass and the mean cross-sectional area of the SOL, mainly due to the severe @entity194 of type I fibres. We observed no signs indicating @entity121 due to the SH either in young or adult animals. In contrast to profound changes in the SOL, no significant differences were found in the EDL in any of the parameters studied. No changes in the investigated parameters of muscle spindles and tendon organs were observed after SH, performed either in young or in adult @entity35 . We thus conclude that SH leads to @entity2057 and that it influences mainly or exclusively type I fibres in muscles with a postural function such as the SOL.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Arrest of developmental conversion of type II to type I fibres after suspension XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinesia']

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle atrophy']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['conversion of type I back to type IIA muscle fibres']

answer: @entity2845 :: (MESH:D018476,Disease) :: ['hypokinesia']


abstract: The clinical picture of venous or arterial @entity715 in the presence of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies is referred to as the @entity1701 . A 5-month-old baby @entity1 who was quite healthy so far was referred to our clinic with @entity146 , @entity391 , and abdominal distension for 30 hours. Surgical exploration exposed a gangrenous ileal segment about 15 cm long. The postoperative period was unremarkable. Investigation to identify the risk factors for mesenteric @entity715 found anticardiolipin antibodies (isotype Ig G) and decreased protein C level. Protein S and antithrombin III were within normal levels. Hb electrophoresis results showed no HbS, and neither @entity5337 nor prothrombin 20210 mutations were detected. Eight months postoperatively, anticardiolipin antibodies were found within normal levels. @entity4555 , ds DNA, and ss DNA were negative. Direct coombs test and protein C, C3, and C4 were also within normal levels. She had no @entity715 episode in the 24 months postoperatively, although no anticoagulant medication was administered. To the authors' knowledge this case is the first report of segmental @entity1188 in transient @entity1701 in the pediatric population.

title: Transient @entity1701 in an @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['antiphospholipid syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['Lupus anticoagulant']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

answer: @entity1188 :: (MESH:D007238,Disease) :: ['with segmental small bowel infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity86 is one of the most common complications following parathyroidectomy for @entity459 ( @entity459 ). The aim of this study was to analyze the predictive value of biochemical parameters as indicators for episodes of @entity3747 in @entity1 undergoing parathyroidectomy for @entity459 . METHODS: The @entity1 with @entity459 who underwent parathyroidectomy between February 2004 and February 2014 were studied retrospectively at a single medical center. The @entity1 were divided into biochemical, clinical, and no postoperative @entity3747 groups, based on different clinical manifestations. Potential risk factors for postoperative @entity3747 were identified and investigated by univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Of the 139 cases, 25 @entity1 (18.0%) were diagnosed with postoperative @entity3747 according to the traditional criterion. Univariate analysis revealed only @entity623 ( @entity623 ) and the small area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve for @entity623 demonstrates low accuracy in predicting the occurrence of postoperative @entity3747 . Based on new criteria, 22 @entity1 were added to the postoperative @entity3747 group and similar biochemical parameters were compared. The serum @entity623 was a significant independent risk factor for postoperative @entity3747 (P = 0.000) and its AUC of ROC curve was 0.783. The optimal cutoff point was 269 U/L and the sensitivity and specificity for prediction were 89.2% and 64.3%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The risk of postoperative @entity3747 after parathyroidectomy should be emphasized for @entity1 with typical symptoms of @entity3747 despite their serum @entity460 level is in normal or a little higher range. Serum @entity623 is a predictive factor for the occurrence of postoperative @entity3747 .

title: Preoperative serum XXXX : a predictive factor for early hypocalcaemia following parathyroidectomy of @entity459 .

entities_list: @entity3747 :: ('MESH:D006996', 'Disease') :: ['hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity459 :: ('MESH:D049950', 'Disease') :: ['primary hyperparathyroidism', 'PHPT']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative hypocalcemia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity623 :: ('250', 'Gene') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase']

answer: @entity623 :: (250,Gene) :: ['alkaline phosphatase']


abstract: PURPOSE: To show the influence of retentive cavity, cavity wall preparation and different luting techniques on the @entity174 resistance of severely damaged teeth restored with adhesive core build-ups and monolithic @entity8463 crowns. METHODS: Extracted molars were prepared with 2 mm ferrule height and divided into eleven groups (n = 8/group). In nine groups a @entity432 with a width and depth of 1 or 2 mm was prepared. Two control groups without a retentive cavity were made. @entity8463 crowns were manufactured. 48 copings were cemented with glass-ionomer cement (Ketac Cem), the others (n = 40) with adhesive resin cement (Panavia F 2.0). Artificial ageing was carried out in the following way: n = 88, thermocycling (10,000 cycles, 6   C/60   C), n = 80 chewing simulation (1,200,000 cycles, 64 N). The samples were tested for load at first damage and @entity174 load with non-axial force. For statistical analysis ANCOVA with post hoc, Bonferroni-adjusted t-test were used ( p <=  0.05). RESULTS: No differences between the tested cements were detected. Influence of the cavity wall thickness was significant ( p = 0.001). Mostly, the samples with wall thickness of 2 mm showed better results. Both control groups (no cavity) showed results comparable to study groups with cavity. CONCLUSIONS: Retentive cavity is most likely not mandatory. However, if prepared, the cavity wall thickness is of higher importance than cavity depth. Glass-ionomer and adhesive resin cement are comparable for use with zirconia crowns.

title: Is mechanical retention for adhesive core build-up needed to restore a vital tooth with a monolithic XXXX crown? - An in vitro study.

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['retentive occlusal cavity']

entities_list: @entity8463 :: ('MESH:D015040', 'Chemical') :: ['zirconium', 'Zirconium']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity8463 :: (MESH:D015040,Chemical) :: ['zirconium']


abstract: PURPOSE: Biologically based treatment optimisation can be based on the local mean values of the number of clonogenic cells and the cellular radiation response taken over macroscopic tissue voxels. Steep @entity26 gradients in @entity5 may often lead to microscopic distributions of radiation resistance at the cellular level, far beyond the geometrical resolution of current diagnostic and radiotherapeutic methods. The present work focuses on quantifying the radiobiological effect of such microscopic distributions through tissue-oxygenation modelling and on calculating the corresponding radiation response on both micro- and macroscopic scales. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A simple model of tissue vasculature was developed with microvascular density and heterogeneity as its main parameters. New analytical expressions are presented for calculating the effective radiation response of tissues with generally heterogeneous radiation resistance and clonogen density. RESULTS: The @entity26 distributions derived for different parameter sets agree very well with clinically measured @entity26 distributions for both @entity5 and normal tissues. In addition to the vascular density, vascular heterogeneity is an important factor while estimating the @entity519 fraction in tissue. It is shown that both the local and global dose-response relation for tissues with heterogeneous radiation resistance can be accurately calculated from the effective initial clonogen number N(0,eff) and the effective radiation resistance D(0,eff). New equations are derived for calculating these quantities, for instance, from measured @entity26 distributions. CONCLUSIONS: With the new methods presented here, existing techniques to measure the micro- and macroscopic @entity26 distribution either using standard tumour-type or @entity1 -specific oxygenation data can be used for biologically based treatment plan optimisation.

title: Radiation response of XXXX and generally heterogeneous tissues.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity519 :: (MESH:D000860,Disease) :: ['hypoxic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study addresses the prevalence and clinical presentation of @entity1 with @entity725 ( @entity725 ) in the greater Accra metropolitan area. METHODS: This is a retrospective case series of 455 @entity1 (813 eyes) at the Emmanuel Eye Clinic. @entity1 were diagnosed from May 2008 to Nov 2011. The definition of @entity725 conformed to the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology (ISGEO) criteria. Information collected included basic demographic data, distribution of @entity726 subtypes, measured intraocular pressure (IOP), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and optic disc measurements. RESULTS: Nearly 24% presented blind in at least one eye. The average age was 56.7 +/-16.7 years and the average IOP was 33.9 mmHg +/- 12.7 mmHg for right eyes and 33.5 mmHg +/-12.0 mmHg for left eyes. The mean vertical cup to disc ratio (vCDR) was 0.83 for right eyes versus 0.82 for left eyes. A total of 32 @entity1 (53 eyes) were diagnosed with @entity9032 ( @entity9032 ). Statistically significant differences between the @entity9032 and high tension groups included age (45.3 +/- 16.7 vs. 56.7 +/-16.7, p<0.001), mean IOP (19.1 mmHg +/- 4.5 mmHg vs. 33.7 +/- 12.4 mmHg, p<0.001) and mean vCDR (0.76 +/- 0.17 vs. 0.83 +/-0.10, p<0.01). Comparing age-matched @entity9032 @entity1 with high tension @entity726 @entity1 showed no significant difference in vCDR. CONCLUSIONS: The clinical presentation of @entity725 at the Emmanuel Eye Center is characterized by elevated IOP and grossly advanced @entity1781 . Significant differences between high tension @entity726 and @entity9032 were identified.

title: Presentation of XXXX in the greater accra metropolitan area of ghana.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity725 :: ('MESH:C562750', 'Disease') :: ['POAG', 'primary open angle glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity9032 :: ('MESH:D057066', 'Disease') :: ['normal tension glaucoma', 'NTG']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']