abstract: Object Following resection of a brain @entity3 , stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) to the cavity is an emerging alternative to postoperative whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT). This approach attempts to achieve local control without the neurocognitive risks associated with WBRT. The authors aimed to report the outcomes of a large @entity1 cohort treated with this strategy. Methods A retrospective review identified 91 @entity1 without a history of WBRT who received Gamma Knife (GK) SRS to 96 @entity3 resection cavities between 2007 and 2013. Patterns of intracranial control were examined in the 86 cases with post-GK imaging. Survival, local failure, and distant failure were estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Prognostic factors were tested by univariate (log-rank test) and multivariate (Cox proportional hazards model) analyses. Results Common @entity5 were non-small cell lung (43%), @entity320 (14%), and breast (13%). The cases were predominantly recursive partitioning analysis Class I (25%) or II (70%). Median preoperative @entity3 diameter was 2.8 cm, and 82% of @entity1 underwent gross-total resection. A median dose of 16 Gy was delivered to the 50% isodose line, encompassing a median treatment volume of 9.2 cm(3). Synchronous intact @entity3 were treated in addition to the resection bed in 43% of cases. @entity1 survived a median of 22.3 months from the time of GK. Local failure developed in 16 cavities, for a crude rate of 18% and 1-year actuarial local control of 81%. Preoperative @entity3 diameter >=  3 cm and residual or recurrent @entity5 at the time of GK were associated with local failure (p = 0.04 and 0.008, respectively). Distant @entity177 occurred in 55 cases (64%) at a median of 7.3 months from GK. Salvage therapies included WBRT and additional SRS in 33% and 31% of @entity1 , respectively. @entity3909 developed in 12 cases (14%) and was associated with breast histology and infratentorial cavities (p = 0.024 and 0.012, respectively). Conclusions This study bolsters the existing evidence for SRS to the resection bed. Local control rates are high, but @entity1 with larger preoperative @entity3 or residual/recurrent @entity5 at the time of SRS are more likely to fail at the cavity. While most @entity1 develop distant @entity177 , an SRS approach spared or delayed WBRT in the majority of cases. The risk of @entity3909 does not appear to be elevated with this strategy.

title: Stereotactic radiosurgery to the resection bed for intracranial @entity3 and risk of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['leptomeningeal carcinomatosis', 'Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial failure']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity3909 :: (MESH:D055756,Disease) :: ['leptomeningeal carcinomatosis']


abstract: Quantitative assessment of left @entity67 in @entity583 was made by computer analysis of the two-dimensional echocardiogram. @entity851 cross-sectional images of the left ventricle at the levels of the mitral valve, papillary muscle and apex were recorded by a phased array sector scanner in 20 @entity1 with @entity583 and ten normal controls. End cardial and epicardial outlines at end-diastole and end-systole were traced and analyzed by a computer system. @entity851 cross-sectional images of the left ventricle were divided equally into octants and analyzed with a fixed external reference system, using the center of gravity of end-diastolic left ventricular cavity and the axis intersecting this and the right side of the posterior interventricular septum as the reference point and line. @entity1347 , area, wall thickness and those changes during cardiac cycle were measured and calculated in each octants. Regional contractility of the left ventricle was evaluated by systolic percent change of segmental hemiaxis, area and wall thickness. These parameters were significantly reduced in the @entity1188 segments documented by left ventriculography and electrocardiography. The area method is better than the hemiaxis system in both reproducibility and variability. The center of gravity of the left ventricular cavity determined by the computer shifted slightly towards the anterior wall during systole in normal subjects, possibly reflecting anterior swinging motion of the entire heart. The center of the gravity of the left ventricular cavity in @entity583 showed the tendency to shift towards the @entity1188 region, suggesting the possibility that the location of asynergic area can be detected by determining the direction of the gravity center shift during systole in @entity1 with a single @entity1188 . This finding gives a basis of using the fixed reference system for the detection of asynergy. The use of computers for the analysis of short-axis two-dimensional echocardiographic images is very useful for the quantification of regional contractility of the left ventricle in a clinical setting.

title: [Computer analysis of wo-dimensional echocardiogram for the quantitative evaluation of left XXXX in @entity583 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['Short-axis']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['Segmental hemiaxis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcted', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular asynergy']

answer: @entity67 :: (MESH:D018754,Disease) :: ['ventricular asynergy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Pharmacological enhancement of coagulation using activated prothrombin complex concentrate (APCC) or activated factor VII (FVIIa) might be useful hemostatic approaches to @entity548 emergencies during anticoagulant therapy. However, any such intervention should not increase thrombotic risk. We therefore investigated their hemostatic and prothrombotic potential during propagation of large arterial-type thrombin in anticoagulated @entity6599 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: High dose @entity18422 , a competitive inhibitor of thrombin (0.6 mg/kg/h), or inactivated FVIIa (FVIIai), a competitive inhibitor of FVIIa (2 mg/kg) were used for anticoagulation. APCC or FVIIa were administered to @entity18422 -anticoagulated animals only. Primary hemostasis was assessed as template @entity548 time (BT). @entity715 formation was quantified as @entity527 ( @entity527 ) and platelet deposition (PLD) in synthetic vascular grafts that were deployed for 40 min into arteriovenous shunts. RESULTS: @entity18422 (n=11) prolonged BT to 279% (95% CI +/-140%; P<0.019), reduced @entity527 to 33% [+/-8%; P<0.001]; and PLD to 39% [+/-11%; P<0.001] of untreated controls. FVIIai (n=3) prolonged BT (222% [+/-51%; P<0.010]) without inhibiting @entity715 propagation. APCC (n=10) reduced the antithrombotic effect of @entity18422 ( @entity527 52% [+/-9%; P<0.002], PLD 61% [+/-17%; P=0.028] versus @entity18422 alone) at a dose (250 U/kg) that had no effect on the BT (327% [+/-150%; P=0.607]. Meanwhile, FVIIa (n=12) normalized the BT to 115% (+/-32%; P<0.05) at a dose (270 microg/kg) that was not yet prothrombotic ( @entity527 26% [+/-4%; P<0.001], PLD 39% [+/-9%; P=0.970]). CONCLUSION: Administration of FVIIa during antithrombotic treatment with direct thrombin inhibitors might support hemostasis before promoting the intraluminal expansion of thrombi.

title: Hemostatic effect of activated factor VII without promotion of @entity715 growth in XXXX -anticoagulated primates.

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['fibrin deposition', 'FD']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity18422 :: ('MESH:C109573', 'Chemical') :: ['Melagatran', 'melagatran']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus', 'Thrombus']

answer: @entity18422 :: (MESH:C109573,Chemical) :: ['melagatran']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Although there have been many reports regarding clinical outcomes of endoscopic treatment for early @entity356 (EGC), little is known about detection of recurrence after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). This study aims to clarify the clinical value of serological marker or imaging tools, including conventional CT and PET-CT scans, in detecting recurrent @entity356 after ESD in Korea. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From July 2004 to March 2008, 212 @entity1 who had received ESD for EGC were enrolled in the study. For preoperative staging, conventional CT and PET-CT scans were performed in 141 @entity1 , and for detection of recurrence of @entity5 , conventional CT, PET-CT scans and @entity5 marker; @entity787 , CA19-9, AFP were checked in 165 @entity1 . RESULTS: The local recurrence rate was 4.7% (10/212) during the study period. At 9 months after endoscopic treatment, 3 cases recurred. Four showed recurrence at 12 months, 2 at 18 months and 1 at 24 months. The positive rate was 7.1% (10/141) in conventional CT and 0% (0/24) in PET-CT scans for preoperative staging. Conventional CT and PET-CT scans could not detect local recurrence of @entity5 during the follow-up period. @entity5 markers did not show any significant correlation with recurrence of @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: The study suggests that conventional CT, PET-CT scans and @entity5 marker have no role in the primary surveillance of early @entity356 and/or in detecting recurrence after endoscopic treatment. For early diagnosis of recurrence after endoscopic treatment, a biopsy specimen from the endoscopic examination has to be obtained at regular intervals.

title: Early detection of recurrence after endoscopic treatment for early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Tumour', 'cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: We present a full-term female @entity1 with @entity7553 characterized by extensive vesicular and pustular @entity272 associated with @entity55 and severe respiratory distress that appeared during the first hours after birth. The @entity1 was born by cesarean section with no history of rupture of membranes. The mother had a vaginal discharge 3 weeks before delivery. The diagnosis was made by culture of pustular fluid, which grew @entity5132 . Systemic cultures were negative. The @entity1 required a very brief course of conventional mechanical ventilation in spite of impressive and extensive lung infiltrates on the chest radiograph. She made a very quick clinical recovery although it is remarkable that antifungal treatment with @entity2379 was begun very late in her clinical course at the time when she was showing obvious signs of major improvement. Current management guidelines strongly recommend specific therapy for @entity1 with invasive @entity7553 or with burn-like extensive @entity1909 even without lung involvement. We are not suggesting any change in these recommendations; however, at least in our @entity1 , when @entity2379 was started, she was clearly recovering; it seems possible that her disease although extensive might have experienced an unusual spontaneous regression. This case can provide further insights into this @entity281 .

title: XXXX : a rare and unpredictable disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'infants', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2379 :: ('MESH:D000666', 'Chemical') :: ['amphotericin B']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity7553 :: ('MESH:D002177', 'Disease') :: ['congenital candidiasis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['unusual neonatal infection']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

answer: @entity7553 :: (MESH:D002177,Disease) :: ['Congenital candidiasis']


abstract: The incidence of Aeromonas-associated @entity294 in @entity1 attending the hospital attached to the Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, India was investigated during May 1984-May 1987. Microbiological examination of single faecal samples from 2,661 @entity1 showed the presence of various enteropathogens of which details of only Aeromonas isolations are given and discussed in the present article. A small control sample of 105 age-matched healthy volunteers were also examined. Only 55 @entity1 (2.1% of all @entity1 ) showed Aeromonas spp. in their stool samples on culture. Aeromonas as a single pathogen was isolated from 37 @entity1 and, from 18 @entity1 it was mixed with other enteropathogens. Stools of healthy controls did not contain any pathogen. Seven of 25 isolates of A. caviae, all 18 isolates of A. sobria and all 7 isolates of A. hydrophilla were shown to be enterotoxigenic by @entity95 ileal loop test. There was no immunological cross-reaction between Aeromonas enterotoxin and @entity526 labile toxin antiserum. The Aeromonas isolates were susceptible to most of the commonly used antimicrobial agents except @entity869 and @entity5821 .

title: Aeromonas-associated XXXX in north India.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity5821 :: ('MESH:D002512', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalothin']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity294 :: (MESH:D003967,Disease) :: ['diarrhoea']


abstract: During the 4 year routine study of smears in 2,919 pregnant @entity1 , 33 cases of abnormals of the uterine cervix were detected (1.13%). The @entity1 were followed with uterine cervical cytology and colposcopy and in case of need, sometimes punch biopsies were performed. The results of the cytologies, 33 cases with abnormalities were detected. There were 26 cases classified as class IIIa, 7 cases were class IIIb. All the cases underwent colposcopy. For the 17 cases that showed lesions by colposcopy, and punch biopsies were performed. The results of histologic examination were wide variety, five @entity102 , one @entity6205 , one @entity6348 , three moderate @entity1141 , three severe @entity1141 , three @entity189 in situ, and one @entity189 . Only two cases were treated during pregnancy; one with @entity6205 underwent Laser vaporization and another with @entity189 underwent LEEP conization. Other cases were given conservative treatment during pregnancy. Excluding one case for persistence smear class IIIa of histology @entity6205 , all the cases showed regression of @entity1141 and @entity189 in situ with treatment after delivery. We conclude that lesions up to @entity189 in situ do not require intervention during pregnancy but @entity189 is suspected, diagnostic LEEP conization is necessary, even during pregnancy.

title: A study of abnormal cervical cytology in pregnant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6205 :: ('MESH:D062688', 'Disease') :: ['condyloma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['microinvasive carcinoma', 'carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic cervicitis']

entities_list: @entity6348 :: ('MESH:C535775', 'Disease') :: ['mild dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of robotic surgery on the surgical approach to @entity1204 in a gynecologic oncology center over a short time. DESIGN: Prospective analysis of @entity1 with early-stage @entity1204 who underwent robotic surgery. SETTING: Teaching hospital. @entity1 : Eighty @entity1 who underwent robotic surgery. INTERVENTIONS: Between November 2006 and October 2008, 80 consecutive @entity1 with an initial diagnosis of @entity1204 consented to undergo robotic surgery at the European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: We collected all @entity1 data for demographics, operating time, estimated @entity190 , histologic findings, lymph node count, analgesic-free postoperative day, length of stay, and intraoperative and early @entity260 . Mean (SD) @entity1 age was 58.3 (11.5) years (95% confidence interval [CI], 55.7-60.9). Body mass index was 25.2 (6.1) kg/m(2) (95% CI, 23.6-26.7). In 3 @entity1 (3.7%), conversion to conventional laparotomy was required. Mean operative time was 181.1 (63.1) minutes (95% CI, 166.7-195.5). Mean docking time was 4.5 (1.1) minutes (95% CI, 2.2-2.7). Mean hospital stay was 2.5 (1.1) days (95% CI, 2.2-2.7), and 93% of @entity1 were analgesic-free on postoperative day 2. CONCLUSIONS: Over a relatively short time using the da Vinci surgical system, we observed a substantial change in our surgical activity. For @entity1204 , open surgical procedures decreased from 78% to 35%. Moreover, our preliminary data confirm that surgical robotic staging for early-stage @entity1204 is feasible and safe. Age, @entity28 , and previous surgery do not seem to be contraindications.

title: Robotic surgery: changing the surgical approach for XXXX in a referral cancer center.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Standard triage systems result in high rates of overtriage to achieve acceptably low undertriage. We previously validated optimal triage variables and used these to implement a new simplified triage system (NEW) at our hospital. METHODS: All @entity130 entries from May 2010 to Feb 2013 were prospectively reviewed. Calculation of the undertriage and overtriage rates was based on the need for any urgent or life-saving intervention. RESULTS: We identified 704 @entity130 @entity1 . Level 1 activations were reduced from 32% (OLD) to 19% in the NEW system (P < .05). Overtriage was reduced from 79% (OLD) to 44% in the NEW system (P < .01). The undertriage rate was 1.6% in the NEW system, compared with 1.2% in the OLD system (P = nonsignificant). Of all @entity1 , 14% (63) required a life-saving intervention. There were no deaths among undertriaged @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The NEW simplified triage system significantly reduced the rate of overtriage, while safely maintaining a low undertriage rate.

title: A simplified XXXX triage system safely reduces overtriage and improves provider satisfaction: a prospective study.

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 1070 Background: @entity3907 -based @entity5948 containing chemotherapy has been established as treatment option in the adjuvant setting of early @entity0 . Indication was recently enlarged for high risk node negative @entity0 . Promising retrospective data indicate equi-efficacy of @entity5948 -free chemotherapy in @entity1722 / @entity1722 -negative @entity1 (Gennari et al., Slamon et al.). @entity5948 -free regimens are probably associated with less long-term @entity137 , especially cardiac @entity137 . METHODS: The SUCCESS-C trial is an open-label, multicenter, 2x2 factorial design, randomized controlled, phase III study comparing the disease free survival in @entity1 treated with 3 cycles @entity1487 500mg/m(2)-epirubicine 100mg/m(2)- @entity786 500mg/m(2) (FEC) chemotherapy, followed by 3 cycles @entity1205 100mg/m(2) (D) chemotherapy, versus 6 cycles @entity1205 75mg/m(2)- @entity786 600mg/m(2) (DC) chemotherapy. @entity137 data after end of treatment are available from 1,452 @entity1 . RESULTS: Chemotherapy was prematurely stopped in 51 pts (7.2%) receiving @entity13998 and in 57 pts (7.7%) with DC (p=0.71). Dose reductions occurred significantly more often in the @entity13998 arm (2.7%) than in the DC arm (1.9%, p=0.024), reasons did not differ significantly between both arms (p=0.093). Incidence of treatment-postponement was significantly higher for @entity13998 (9.4% @entity13998 vs. 7.6% DC; p=0.0008). @entity137 as a reason for treatment-postponement occurred significantly more frequent within the @entity13998 -arm ( @entity13998 : 18.1%, DC: 6.6%, p<0,0001); non-haematological @entity137 as a reason for treatment postponement was nearly equal within both arms (8.6% @entity13998 vs. 8.8% DC, p=0.9). @entity1261 support was applied in 22.7% of all chemotherapy cycles ( @entity13998 : 22.2% vs. DC: 23.2%, p=0.21). Severe @entity137 (NCI-grade > 2) were reported in 910 cases for @entity13998 and in 848 cases for DC arm (p= 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Significantly more dose-reductions of chemotherapy and a significant higher incidence of treatment-postponement occurred in the @entity13998 arm. The @entity137 profiles of both treatment arms differ discretely and support the continuation of the trial until target recruitment (n=3,547).

title: The SUCCESS-C trial: Interim analysis of XXXX evaluating the role of an @entity5948 -free chemotherapy regimen in the adjuvant treatment of @entity1722 / @entity1722 -negative @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Monitored toxicity', 'toxicities', 'Haematological toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['Anthracycline', 'anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorouracil']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We examined the effects of the unilateral cortical stimulation on the survival of neurons showing degenerative changes and compared those in delaying the progression of @entity746 ( @entity746 ) between the unilateral cortical stimulation and the bilateral one in an animal experimental model using @entity19 . METHODS: We used 19 @entity24869 @entity19 and randomly divided into three groups: the control group (n=6) (the implantation of electrodes in the bilateral motor cortex without electrical stimulation), the unilateral stimulation group (n=7) (the implantation of electrodes in the unilateral motor cortex with a 24-hour cortical stimulation) and the bilateral stimulation group (n=6) (the implantation of electrodes in the bilateral motor cortex with a 24-hour cortical stimulation). RESULTS: The mean survival period was significantly longer in the bilateral stimulation group as compared with the control group (124.33    11.00 days vs. 109.50    10.41 days) (P<0.05). In addition, on postoperative weeks 11, 12, 13, 14 and 15, the mean Rota-rod score was significantly higher in the unilateral stimulation group as compared with the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, despite a lack of statistical significance, it was the lowest in the bilateral stimulation group on postoperative weeks 13, 14, 15 and 17. On postoperative weeks 11, 12, 13, 14 and 16, the mean score of paw-grip endurance was significantly higher in the unilateral stimulation group as compared with the control group (P<0.05). Furthermore, despite a lack of statistical significance, it was the lowest in the bilateral stimulation group on postoperative weeks 13, 14, 15 and 17. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, our results indicate that the bilateral epidural cortical stimulation might have a treatment effect in a @entity19 model of @entity746 . But it is the limitation that we examined a small number of experimental animals. Further studies are therefore warranted to establish our results and to identify the optimal parameters of the epidural cortical stimulation in a larger number of experimental animals.

title: An animal study to examine the effects of the bilateral, epidural cortical stimulation on the progression of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice', 'murine']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

answer: @entity746 :: (MESH:D000690,Disease) :: ['amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e16634 Background: With the increasing incidence of primary @entity320 a greater number of physicians will need to be knowledgeable in the appropriate treatment of @entity320 @entity1 . Compliance with NCCN guidelines may lead to less morbidity, more accurate staging, and improved outcomes. METHODS: We retrospectively studied 301 @entity1 seen at Charleston Area Medical Center, (a large university affiliated community hospital) from 2000-2007 with primary @entity320 identified from out @entity5 registry. We confirmed treatment data by reviewing pathology and operative reports and reviewing outpatient records. RESULTS: Our overall compliance with NCCN guidelines with respect to surgical margins and sentinel lymph node staging was 71% and 69%, respectively. Documented margins of excision conformed to NCCN guidelines in 67% of Tis @entity5 , 66% of T1 @entity5 , 82% of T2 @entity5 , 74% of T3 @entity5 , and 59% of T4 @entity5 . Compliance with sentinel node biopsy guidelines was documented in 90% of Tis @entity5 , 45% of T1 @entity5 , 79% of T2 @entity5 , 88% of T3 @entity5 , and 92% of T4 @entity5 . The most important factor found to be associated with noncompliance was age > 80 years. CONCLUSIONS: We found that treatment conformed to NCCN guidelines in only two-thirds of our @entity1 . Further investigation is needed to determine the effect of this on @entity1 outcomes.

title: The treatment of primary XXXX at a community teaching hospital: A study of compliance with NCCN guidelines.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: A study evaluated a training-of-trainers strategy to update @entity645 / @entity791 knowledge and improve attitudes and behavior among health professionals and the public. A survey was carried out among health workers and villagers. An initial workshop was given to 55 staff from several health institutions. Trainees were provided limited funds to conduct secondary workshops at local levels. They were requested to diffuse knowledge to @entity1 during routine health visits. A follow-up survey was conducted 18 months later in counties in which workshops were not held. Knowledge, attitudes, and behavior were compared both at the baseline and follow-up surveys, and before and after the intervention. Nearly 95% (94.8%, or 13,782) of health workers in Fuyang Prefecture were trained secondarily at local levels. Knowledge was significantly higher in intervention (88.5-99.8%) compared with nonintervention (37.4-53.7%) counties, and after intervention (22.2-66.6%), respectively (p < .01). Attitudes toward @entity1 with @entity645 / @entity791 improved significantly in intervention counties. Condom use during last sexual intercourse increased from 11.0% to 33.5% in health workers (p < .01) and from 8.7% to 18.5% among villagers (p <.01). The strategy wascost effective for improving knowledge and attitudes and promoting condom use.

title: Diffusion of @entity645 / XXXX knowledge, positive attitudes, and behaviors through training of health professionals in China.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: To explore whether femoral cartilage thickness is related (and changes) with muscle strength in subjects with @entity626 ( @entity571 ). Forty @entity1 (27  F, 13  M) with knee @entity571 -who were under quadriceps muscle strengthening program-were enrolled in the study. Isokinetic/isometric knee muscle strength measurements (at 30-60   angles and 60-180   velocity) were performed at baseline, end of the muscle strengthening program, and third month control visit using a biodex dynamometer. Femoral cartilage thicknesses (at medial/lateral condyle and intercondylar area) were measured using ultrasonography. Seventy-nine knees of 40 @entity1 (27 F, 13 M) aged 52.03        11.72  years (range, 26-71) were analyzed. Mean VAS scores on the first and third months were significantly lower than the initial values (p   <   0.001, p   =   0.049). Isometric peak torque and total work values at 180    /s were significantly higher than the baseline measurements at first and third month controls (all p   <   0.05). Cartilage thicknesses (at three sites) were significantly higher than the baseline measurements (all p   <   0.05) on the third month but not on the first month (all p   >   0.05). Femoral cartilage thicknesses were positively correlated with isometric strength values at baseline and third month. We propose that femoral cartilage thicknesses increase on the third month of strengthening therapy. Since this late-phase thickening parallels the earlier increase in muscle strength (starting, on the first month), we speculate that regeneration rather than @entity4 might be the primary underlying cause.

title: The relationship between femoral cartilage thickness and muscle strength in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: @entity8184 is a protistan parasite living in the digestive tract of many animals, including @entity1 . This highly prevalent @entity11333 is suspected to be linked to @entity1744 ( @entity21968 ), a chronic @entity29 . Here, we first compared the prevalence of @entity8184 among 56 @entity21968 @entity1 (40 @entity21968 with @entity1142 ( @entity21968 -C), 9 @entity21968 with @entity294 ( @entity21968 -D), 4 mixed @entity21968 ( @entity21968 -M) and 3 unsubtyped @entity21968 ( @entity21968 ) according to the @entity3354 ) and 56 control (i.e. without any diagnosed chronic or acute @entity344 ) subjects. The highest prevalence of @entity8184 spp. was observed in the @entity21968 group, but was only statistically significant in @entity1 (36.8% in the @entity21968 group versus 4.8% in the control group). We then conducted a meta-analysis including epidemiological studies attempting to determine whether @entity8184 carriage could be linked to @entity21968 , and highlighted that @entity21968 @entity1 had a relative risk of 2.34 to be infected by @entity8184 when compared to non- @entity21968 subjects. We also looked for @entity2525 , which is often associated with @entity21968 , and identified this parasite only in some @entity21968 @entity1 (n=6/56). Several studies provided evidence for a major role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of @entity21968 . Thus, we investigated the possible impact of @entity8184 carriage on the enteric bacterial community through quantification of 8 major bacterial groups from the enteric flora. Our data indicated that @entity1 with @entity21968 -C had a significant decrease in Bifidobacterium sp. when infected by @entity8184 . Interestingly, in control subjects (i.e. without any @entity344 ) positive for @entity8184 , Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, which is known for its anti-inflammatory properties, was significantly decreased in @entity1 . Our results support the hypothesis that @entity8184 might be linked to the pathophysiology of @entity21968 -C and intestinal flora imbalance.

title: XXXX is associated with decrease of fecal microbiota protective bacteria: comparative analysis between @entity1 with @entity1744 and control subjects.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity11333 :: ('MESH:D007411', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal parasite']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity3354 :: ('MESH:C565336', 'Disease') :: ['Rome III criteria']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorder']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['functional bowel disorder']

entities_list: @entity8184 :: ('MESH:D016776', 'Disease') :: ['Blastocystis']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['Irritable Bowel Syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2525 :: ('MESH:D010022', 'Disease') :: ['Dientamoeba fragilis']

answer: @entity8184 :: (MESH:D016776,Disease) :: ['Blastocystis']


abstract: We performed a cross-sectional study to detect @entity7446 ( @entity7446 ) in 63 subjects occupationally exposed to herbal and fruit tea dust and in 63 corresponding controls. The evaluation included a questionnaire, skin prick tests to workplace and common inhalant allergens, spirometry, and @entity112 challenge test. The evaluation of the work-relatedness of @entity565 in the exposed workers was based on serial peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) measurements and bronchoprovocation tests. We found a higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms in the exposed workers, whereas spirometric parameters were significantly lower. The prevalence of sensitisation to allergens and of bronchial hyperresponsivenss (BHR) did not differ significantly between the groups. The prevalence of @entity565 was also similar in both groups (8.0 % vs. 6.4 %; P=0.540). Work-relatedness of symptoms was reported by all asthmatic tea workers and by no control with @entity565 . Significant work-related changes in PEFR diurnal variations and in non-specific BHR, suggesting @entity56 , were found in one tea worker with @entity565 (1.6 %). No specific workplace agent causing @entity7446 in the affected subject was identified. None of the tea workers with @entity565 met the criteria for medical case definition of the reactive @entity409 (RADS). Our data confirm workplace exposure to herbal and fruit tea dust as a risk factor for @entity7446 .

title: XXXX in subjects occupationally exposed to herbal and fruit tea dust.

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['airway dysfunction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic OA']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity7446 :: ('MESH:D059366', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'occupational asthma']

answer: @entity7446 :: (MESH:D059366,Disease) :: ['Occupational asthma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Advanced @entity16 (bare bone) at presentation is considered a contraindication to meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT), yet there are few other options for young @entity1 where arthroplasty is not appropriate. This study hypothesis is that MAT in @entity1 with advanced @entity16 can obtain good clinical outcomes, equivalent to @entity1 with minimal @entity16 . METHOD: A prospective longitudinal study of 99 consecutive @entity1 who underwent MAT between May 2005 and Feb 2013, with a minimum of 1-year follow-up. @entity1 were categorised into two groups: 60 in Group A (Good) up to ICRS Chondral grade 3b involving <1  cm(2) and 39 in Group B (Bare) ICRS grade 3b involving >1  cm(2) or worse. Outcomes were assessed by PROMS (KOOS, IKDC, Lysholm, Tegner Activity Scale), with an endpoint of meniscal allograft failure. RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 2.9  years (range 1.1-9.1, SD 1.23), with a similar male to female and lateral to medial ratios between the groups (n.s). The age of Group B was significantly older than Group A (35 vs 29  years, p  =  0.002). The status of the articular cartilage at the time of transplant was directly related to the number of years since index meniscectomy [(A) Mean 6.9  years, SD 6.3; (B) 11.9 years, SD 7.4; p  =  0.001]. Pre-operatively, @entity1 in Group B had significantly worse @entity158 and functional outcome scores (KOOS p  =  0.022, Lysholm p  =  0.025, @entity158 subset p  =  0.035). The mean increase PROMs was significant in both groups at 1  year (KOOS p  <  0.05, IKDC p  <  0.001, Lysholm p  <  0.001), and the @entity158 and functional scores were no longer significantly different between groups (n.s.). The outcome measures continued to improve in both groups at 2 and 3  years, with slightly greater improvement in Group A. Failure of the meniscal allograft occurred in 9 @entity1 (A:1, B:8) at a mean time of 1.1  years (SD 0.55). Kaplan-Meier survival at 2  years was 97.9  % (A) and 78  % (B) (p  =  0.002). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated a relationship between survival and chondral grade (p  =  0.001) and number of concomitant procedures (p  <  0.001). CONCLUSION: @entity1 with advanced @entity16 should not be excluded from MAT. Though there is a higher initial failure rate, these @entity1 obtain a similar therapeutic benefit to the traditional, ideal @entity1 group. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III.

title: Outcome of meniscal allograft transplantation related to articular cartilage status: advanced XXXX should not be a contraindication.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['chondral damage']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['IKDC pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['chondral damage']


abstract: @entity933 is a common syndrome in hospitalised @entity1 , particularly in the elderly. While @entity1767 has long been the preferred treatment, atypical antipsychotics are now often used, even though their efficacy and safety remain unclear. The review was intended to identify published studies on use of @entity1037 , @entity1090 , @entity1089 , @entity1280 , and @entity1770 in managing @entity933 ; to assess their methodological quality; and to formulate clinical recommendations. From Medline and Embase databases (1996-2008), we included all retrospective and prospective group studies that made use of standardised symptom rating scales. We classified studies according to research design quality and extracted information on efficacy and safety. Overall, we found methodological quality to be low-to-moderate although it does seem to be improving. While two randomised @entity1037 trials and one @entity1090 trial found these molecules to be as effective as @entity1767 , results are contaminated by various biases. The only available randomised @entity1089 trial used @entity14867 as the control. These agents appear reasonably safe and induce fewer extrapyramidal side effects than @entity1767 does. Occasional @entity551 has been reported with @entity1090 and @entity1089 , and occasional worsening of @entity933 with @entity1037 . Data are scarce on their potential for relieving acute @entity2146 in @entity933 . @entity1767 remains a time-tested treatment, particularly in critical care; safe, it is available in oral, IM and IV forms. Newer agents may be preferable when looking to avoid neurological side effects. Data on @entity1280 and @entity1770 are sparse; these molecules most likely are unsafe given their @entity943 -inducing potential.

title: [Atypical antipsychotic efficacy and safety in managing XXXX : a systematic review and critical analysis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol', 'Haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity14867 :: ('MESH:C012052', 'Chemical') :: ['amisulpride']

entities_list: @entity933 :: ('MESH:D003693', 'Disease') :: ['delirium', 'Delirium']

entities_list: @entity1037 :: ('MESH:C076029', 'Chemical') :: ['olanzapine']

entities_list: @entity1770 :: ('MESH:C094645', 'Chemical') :: ['aripiprazole']

entities_list: @entity1089 :: ('MESH:C069541', 'Chemical') :: ['quetiapine']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity933 :: (MESH:D003693,Disease) :: ['delirium']


abstract: Explants of cells of a @entity1 @entity11 were evaluated with the nuclear fluorochrome @entity14939 , by phase-contrast illumination, and by Giemsa staining correlated with double immunofluorescence for @entity538 ( @entity538 ) and fibronectin (FN). FN-positive (FN+) cells lacked @entity538 detectable by immunofluorescence. Their mean nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio was large (0.192). Actual mean areas of nuclei (1,252 microns2) and cytoplasm (8,376 microns2) of FN+ cells compared with mean areas of fibroblasts suggested that the high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio of FN+ cells was due to their microscopically evident reduced cytoplasmic spreading rather than to larger nuclei. Some FN+ cells showed marked variation in nuclear and nucleolar size and shape. Others had abnormal mitoses or hyperchromatic nuclei. @entity538 -positive ( @entity538 +) cells lacked FN detectable by immunofluorescence. @entity538 + cells were smaller and less round than FN+ cells. Their usual location was growing on a layer of FN+ cells. The mean nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio (0.245) of @entity538 + cells was the highest in the study, surpassing the ratio of the continuous @entity11 line LM (0.176). Mean areas of nuclei (289 microns2) and of cytoplasm (1,350 microns2) of @entity538 + cells suggested that their high nuclear-to-cytoplasmic ratio was due to their microscopically evident reduced cytoplasmic spreading. Reduced spreading was associated with extension of long, thin cytoplasmic processes. The majority of @entity538 + cells showed marked cytoplasmic basophilia, nuclear hyperchromasia, and clumped chromatin. Features observed in both FN+ and @entity538 + cells from this high-grade @entity816 are features associated with malignant transformation in more thoroughly studied tumor systems.

title: Products of cells cultured from @entity11 . V. Cytology and morphometry of two cell types cultured from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity538 :: ('2670', 'Gene') :: ['GFAP', 'glial fibrillary acidic protein']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity14939 :: ('MESH:C007293', 'Chemical') :: ["4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole"]

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) is a serious complication of @entity542 with the incidence rate of 0.5%-5%. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic decompression of the optic canal for @entity18489 . METHODS: In this study, 11 @entity1 treated in our hospital from January 2009 to January 2015 with the @entity227 resulting from @entity1781 were retrospectively reviewed for preoperative vision, visual evoked potential (VEP) scan, surgical approach, postoperative visual acuity, complications, and follow-up results. RESULTS: All these @entity1 received endoscopic decompression of the optic canal. At the 3-month follow- up, the visual acuity improvement rate of the 11 @entity1 was 45.5%. The vision acuity of 2 cases improved from hand movement to 0.08 and 0.3 after operation. Another @entity1 's vision acuity returned to 0.05 compared to light sensation preoperatively. Two cases had finger counting before surgery but they had a vision acuity of 0.4 and light sensation respectively after surgery. However, the other 6 cases' vision did not improve after surgery. CONCLUSION: Endoscopic decompression of the optic canal is an effective way to cure @entity1781 . VEP could be used as an important reference for preoperative and prognosis evaluation. Operative time after @entity130 is only a relative condition that may affect the therapeutic effect of optic canal decompression. Poor results of this procedure may be related to the severity of the @entity18489 .

title: Endoscopic decompression of the optic canal for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity18489 :: ('MESH:D020221', 'Disease') :: ['optic nerve injury', 'optic nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['TON', 'Traumatic optic neuropathy']

answer: @entity1781 :: (MESH:D009901,Disease) :: ['traumatic optic neuropathy']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and the complications of intra-articular @entity1348 ( @entity1348 ) injections in 40 @entity1 with @entity571 of the @entity1348 . The subjects were randomly divided into two groups, and the @entity1 received either two intra-articular injections with @entity4023 or two intra-articular injections with @entity288 , 14 days apart. The effect of the treatment was evaluated 14 days, 1 and 6 months after the initial injection and was based on the following measurements: @entity158 intensity, @entity158 localization, joint sounds, mandibular function and complications. Both groups of @entity1 had less @entity158 intensity at the 6-month follow-up, and there was significantly less @entity158 intensity in the group of @entity1 receiving @entity4023 compared with @entity288 (P = 0.001). A decrease in crepitation was seen in both groups. In the 20 subjects receiving @entity4023 both the mandibular vertical opening and protrusion increased significantly (P < 0.000). Lateral movement from the affected side increased both in subjects injected with @entity4023 (P = 0.024), and those injected with @entity288 (P = 0.042). In conclusion, this study confirms that injections in the @entity1348 with @entity4023 or @entity288 may reduce @entity158 and improve function in @entity1 with @entity571 . The injections were more effective in @entity1 with only @entity158 compared with @entity1 suffering from both @entity1348 and @entity158 . Injection with @entity4023 was significantly more effective in decreasing @entity158 intensity than @entity288 . @entity158 after injections may be observed.

title: @entity571 of the @entity1348 : an evaluation of the effects and complications of corticosteroid injection compared with injection with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity4023 :: ('MESH:D006820', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium hyaluronate']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['myofascial pain', 'TMJ pain', 'Temporary pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1348 :: ('MESH:D013706', 'Disease') :: ['TMJ', 'temporomandibular joint']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity4023 :: (MESH:D006820,Chemical) :: ['sodium hyaluronate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To attempt to confirm a previous report of superior effectiveness of using two thyroid hormones rather than one hormone to treat @entity1375 . METHODS: This trial attempted to replicate prior findings, which suggested that substituting 12.5 microg of @entity1954 (LT(3)) for 50 microg of @entity1955 (LT(4)) might improve mood, cognition, and physical symptoms in @entity1 with @entity1375 . Additionally, this trial aimed to extend the previous findings to fatigue and to assess for differential effects in subjects with low fatigue and high fatigue at baseline. A randomized, double-blind, two-period, crossover design was used. At an endocrinology and @entity6 clinic, 30 adult subjects with @entity1375 stabilized on LT(4) were recruited. @entity1 randomly assigned to treatment sequence 1 received their standard LT(4) dose in one capsule and placebo in another. @entity1 assigned to sequence 2 received their usual LT(4) dose minus 50 microg in one capsule and 10 microg of LT(3) in the other. At the end of the first 6 weeks, subjects were crossed over to receive the other treatment. Carryover and treatment effects were assessed by t tests. RESULTS: Of the 30 enrolled study subjects, 27 completed the trial. The mean LT(4) dose was 121 +/- 26 microg/day at baseline. No significant differences in fatigue and symptoms of @entity308 were found between treatments. Measures of working memory were unchanged. During substitution treatment, the free @entity1955 index was reduced by 0.7 (P<0.001), total serum @entity1955 was reduced by 3.0 microg/dL (P<0.001), and total serum @entity1954 was increased by 20.5 ng/dL (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: With regard to the outcomes measured, substitution of LT(3) at a 1:5 ratio for a portion of baseline LT(4) yielded no better results than did treatment with the original dose of @entity2016 alone.

title: Substitution of XXXX at a 1:5 ratio for a portion of @entity1955 : effect on fatigue, symptoms of @entity308 versus treatment with @entity1955 alone.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism', 'primary hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['thyroxine', 'levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity1954 :: ('MESH:D014284', 'Chemical') :: ['liothyronine', 'triiodothyronine']

answer: @entity1954 :: (MESH:D014284,Chemical) :: ['liothyronine']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the signal properties of 2D @entity1054 ( @entity1054 ), quiescent-interval single-shot (QISS), ECG-gated 3D fast spin-echo (FBI), and ungated 3D fast spin-echo ghost (Ghost) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) over a range of flow velocities in a pulsatile flow phantom with a 50% diameter @entity850 at 1.5T. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Blood-mimicking fluid was pumped at eight peak flow velocities through a stenotic region in triphasic and monophasic waveforms. Vascular signal proximal, within, and distal to the @entity850 was measured from the source images of the four MRA methods. Coronal maximum intensity projection images were used to compare image quality. RESULTS: @entity1054 and QISS signal trends were similar, but QISS exhibited the most consistent signal across velocities. At high velocities (>=  42.4 cm/s), @entity1054 showed poststenotic signal loss that was not observed with QISS. FBI and Ghost signals peaked at low velocities (3.9-9.7 cm/s) without flow compensation and at high velocities (>=  64.6 cm/s) with flow compensation. CONCLUSION: FBI and Ghost demonstrated @entity734 on blood flow velocity and flow compensation. @entity1054 was sensitive to flow artifacts at high velocities. QISS proved most robust for accurately depicting the normal lumen and @entity850 under a wide range of flow conditions. Monophasic and triphasic flow did not appreciably affect the signal performance of any method.

title: Nonenhanced methods for lower-extremity MRA: a phantom study examining the effects of XXXX and pathologic flow waveforms at 1.5T.

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1054 :: ('MESH:D000377', 'Disease') :: ['TOF', 'time of flight']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity850 :: (MESH:D003251,Disease) :: ['stenosis']


abstract: Twelve @entity1 with @entity3975 of the cervix uteri were followed for 2-15 years after diagnosis. Three @entity1 died within 14 months. All had lymph node @entity3 and/or vascular involvement and exhibited @entity5 invasion to a depth of 1.2-3.2 cm. @entity3975 is defined as a @entity5 with the appearance of @entity957 without any glandular pattern and with demonstrable intracellular @entity3558 . The @entity3558 is best demonstrated by alcian blue and periodic acid-Schiff-diastase. In 265 cases of @entity957 , stage IB, lymph node @entity3 were present in 14%. In the cases of @entity3975 , the prevalence of nodal @entity3 was 33%. Because @entity3975 appear to be @entity957 are, it may be advisable to stain all cervical @entity957 for @entity3558 if they demonstrate finely vacuolated cytoplasm and lack peripheral palisading. Immunohistochemical studies for @entity787 ( @entity787 ), keratin, and epithelial membrane antigen were positive in all @entity5 to varying degrees. The detection of @entity787 may be of additional help in establishing a diagnosis.

title: XXXX of uterine cervix stage IB. Long-term follow-up, histochemical and immunohistochemical study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3975 :: ('MESH:D018277', 'Disease') :: ['Mucoepidermoid carcinoma', 'mucoepidermoid carcinoma', 'mucoepidermoid carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'more aggressive lesions than squamous cell carcinomas', 'squamous carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity787 :: ('1084', 'Gene') :: ['CEA', 'carcinoembryonic antigen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3975 :: (MESH:D018277,Disease) :: ['Mucoepidermoid carcinoma']


abstract: Intracellular @entity460 plays an essential role in regulation of many cellular processes, but increases in internal @entity460 levels can also exacerbate pathophysiologic or pharmacologic responses, in particular @entity943 . Pharmacologic increases in intracellular @entity460 may be obtained by opening @entity460 channels, either directly or indirectly, or by increasing @entity460 release from intracellular stores. In this study, @entity6928 administered intracoronarily (i.c.) through the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) dose-dependently elicited @entity943 . @entity5217 (3 micrograms/kg/min i.c.), @entity18955 (1 micrograms/kg/min i.c.) or @entity8452 (0.03 micrograms/kg/min i.c.) exacerbated @entity943 . Specifically, the ED50 values for @entity5166 were shifted from 0.56 mM in the vehicle group to 0.17, 0.27, and 0.20 mM in the @entity5217 , @entity18955 , and @entity8452 groups, respectively. Coronary blood flow (CBF) and blood pressure (BP) did not change significantly in any treatment group. Effects of @entity5217 were not mediated by either insulin or decreased @entity413 levels, since infusions of insulin (decreasing blood @entity413 to 20 mg/dl) did not exacerbate @entity943 . In vitro electrophysiologic studies showed that @entity5217 (1 microM) and @entity8452 (1 microM) did not significantly affect @entity2045 ( @entity2045 ). In contrast, @entity18955 (1 microM) significantly prolonged @entity2045 . These results demonstrate that @entity5217 , @entity18955 , and @entity8452 tend to exacerbate @entity5166 -induced @entity943 . We suggest that @entity5217 and @entity8452 may exacerbate @entity943 by increasing internal @entity460 from intracellular stores, whereas @entity18955 may increase internal @entity460 by increasing influx of @entity460 across the sarcolemma.

title: Effects of intracoronary @entity5217 on XXXX -induced @entity943 in anesthetized dogs.

entities_list: @entity18955 :: ('MESH:C022799', 'Chemical') :: ['clofilium']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['action potential durations', 'APD']

entities_list: @entity5217 :: ('MESH:D005905', 'Chemical') :: ['glyburide', 'Glyburide']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity6928 :: ('MESH:C028019', 'Chemical') :: ['cesium chloride']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmias', 'arrhythmias', 'myocardial arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5166 :: (MESH:D002586,Chemical) :: ['cesium']


abstract: Arsenic (As) is used in the treatment of @entity1778 and @entity0 due to its oxidative cytotoxic action. However, it is also toxic to normal cells. One proposed anticancer mechanism induced by As might be nitrosative stress (NS). It is believed that antioxidant flavonoids in combination with As might reduce its toxic action on normal cells without interfering with its antitumor action. In the present study, we evaluated the antineoplastic potential of As on breast @entity1 @entity5 lines MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 treated with redox-modulating flavonoids, such as quercetin (Q) and silymarin (S). Even though both cell lines differed about their oxidative responsiveness, their viability was decreased by NS induction through y-glutamyltranspeptidase inhibition. Arsenic triggered NS in both MCF-7 and ZR-75-1 cultures, with the formers more sensitive without recovering their pre-treatment capacity. ZR-75-1 cells maintained their antioxidant status, whereas MCF-7 ones treated with S, As, and As + Q did not. Silymarin did not interfere with the described As bioactivity. NS was an anticancer mechanism exerted by As depending on the redox cellular response that could be differentially modified by dietary antioxidants. Hence, it is worthwhile to consider the use of dietary antioxidants as adjuvant in @entity5 chemotherapy, especially when using As.

title: Effect of arsenite on nitrosative stress in @entity1 XXXX cells and its modulation by flavonoids.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: @entity1 responses to placebo and sham effects are a major obstacle to the development of therapies for @entity75 , including @entity191 ( @entity191 ). Here, we used functional brain imaging and network analysis to study the circuitry underlying placebo effects in @entity191 subjects randomized to sham surgery as part of a double-blind gene therapy trial. Metabolic imaging was performed prior to randomization, then again at 6 and 12 months after sham surgery. In this cohort, the sham response was associated with the expression of a distinct cerebello-limbic circuit. The expression of this network increased consistently in @entity1 blinded to treatment and correlated with independent clinical ratings. Once @entity1 were unblinded, network expression declined toward baseline levels. Analogous network alterations were not seen with open-label levodopa treatment or during disease progression. Furthermore, sham outcomes in blinded @entity1 correlated with baseline network expression, suggesting the potential use of this quantitative measure to identify "sham-susceptible" subjects before randomization. Indeed, Monte Carlo simulations revealed that a priori exclusion of such individuals substantially lowers the number of randomized @entity1 needed to demonstrate treatment efficacy. Individualized subject selection based on a predetermined network criterion may therefore limit the need for sham interventions in future clinical trials.

title: Network modulation following sham surgery in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain disorders']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Purpura pigmentosa chronica is an inflammatory @entity272 probably caused by an @entity56 . @entity56 or @entity1333 has been considered as a possible mechanism. OBJECTIVE: Detailed analysis of cell adhesion molecule (CAM) modulation may give further insights into the pathogenesis and underlying immune reaction of this disease. METHODS: By immunohistochemical techniques we investigated the in situ expression of integrins, selectins, and CAMs of the immunoglobulin superfamily. RESULTS: Infiltrating lymphocytes expressed @entity1454 , @entity3138 , VLA-4, and @entity16445 , whereas some of the macrophages were also positive for @entity49608 and @entity1454 . @entity10503 was found on lymphocytes near the basement membrane of the epidermis. Compared with uninvolved or healthy skin endothelial cells showed upregulation of @entity2071 , @entity4725 , and, focally, @entity4105 . Some fibroblasts were positive for @entity2071 . @entity2071 was also upregulated on lesional keratinocytes that also expressed alpha 2, alpha 3, and alpha 6 integrin chains on basal and suprabasal epidermal layers. CONCLUSION: Our findings demonstrate characteristic modifications in the expression of @entity6391 chronica and indicate the involvement of the epidermis in this disease. This modulation shows close parallels to those described for chronic delayed-type immune reactions of the skin.

title: Cellular adhesion antigen modulation in XXXX chronica.

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['immunocomplex vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity6391 :: ('MESH:D012174', 'Disease') :: ['CAMs in purpura pigmentosa']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['Delayed-type hypersensitivity', 'allergic reaction']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin disorder']

answer: @entity6391 :: (MESH:D012174,Disease) :: ['purpura pigmentosa']


abstract: The @entity3392 maxillary @entity26726 can protract and retract in response to stimuli, and appears connected to a prominent blood sinus on the lateral aspect of the maxillary bone. However, the mechanism of @entity26726 movement is not described. Using whole-mount phalloidin staining of the sinus region, we observed long filamentous actin cables, suggesting highly organized vascular smooth muscle cells, surrounding an endothelial chamber. Although the chamber is variably filled by erythrocytes in vivo, cardiac injection of fluorescent dextrans shows that it consistently contains plasma. Full-thickness confocal imaging of dextran-injected adults containing EGFP(+) endothelial cells revealed a vascular complex with three compartments, here named the distal bulb, central chamber, and accessory chamber. The early ontogeny of all three compartments was confirmed in a whole-mount series of Tg( @entity29361 :EGFP) juveniles. In wild type adults, the fine structure of each chamber was studied using @entity982 - and plastic-section histochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. The distal bulb and central chamber have smooth muscle coats with luminally-elongated septa, forming semi-detached blood-filled lacunae. The central chamber walls and septa are extensively innervated by small, unmyelinated axons, as confirmed by immunohistochemical detection of acetylated tubulin, a component of axonal cytoplasm. The accessory chamber appears neither innervated nor muscularized, but is an endothelial cul-de-sac with a thickened elastic adventitia, suggesting an extensible fluid reservoir. We propose that we have identified a new organ in @entity3392 , the maxillary @entity26726 blood sinus, whose neurovascular specializations may contribute to @entity3392 sensory biology and appendage control. Anat Rec, 2014.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

title: Anatomy and Ontogeny of a Novel Hemodynamic Organ in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

answer: @entity3392 :: (7955,Species) :: ['Zebrafish']


abstract: PURPOSE: During the last 10 years there has been controversy in the approach to severe @entity2650 . Many pediatric urologists have elected to perform a 2-staged procedure to minimize complication rates and improve cosmesis. We continued to perform a single staged repair using the Hodgson XX or Koyanagi technique for even the most severe @entity2650 . We review our results during the last 5 years in severe cases of @entity12094 with @entity2357 or penoscrotal transposition. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records of 20 consecutive @entity1 presenting to a single surgeon from 1996 to 2000 with severe @entity12094 were reviewed. @entity1 underwent a 1-stage repair using an operative microscope. Cases not requiring further surgery were grouped as successful while cases requiring subsequent procedures were considered as complications. RESULTS: After an average followup of 23 months 16 @entity1 have not required subsequent procedures. Two @entity1 had urethrocutaneous fistulas and 2 had a urethral diverticulum for an overall complication rate of 20%. All 4 @entity1 were successfully treated with 1 additional procedure and have not required further intervention. Another @entity1 with a small urethral diverticulum is being treated conservatively. All @entity1 had satisfactory cosmetic results. CONCLUSIONS: We believe that a single staged repair can be safely and effectively performed even in @entity1 with the most severe @entity12094 . The Hodgson XX and Koyanagi repairs are excellent techniques with relatively low complication rates. Pediatric urologists should continue to use these techniques in their armamentarium and strive to perfect a 1-stage approach to severe @entity2650 .

title: Results of single staged XXXX surgery to repair @entity12094 with @entity2357 or penoscrotal transposition.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12094 :: ('MESH:C566526', 'Disease') :: ['penoscrotal hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity2650 :: ('MESH:D007021', 'Disease') :: ['hypospadias']

entities_list: @entity2357 :: ('MESH:C537770', 'Disease') :: ['bifid scrotum']

answer: @entity2650 :: (MESH:D007021,Disease) :: ['hypospadias']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity1186 often develop primary @entity943 ( @entity943 ) early after @entity1563 . In contrast, acute @entity63 induced by @entity432 during routine coronary angioplasty rarely elicits such @entity943 . This study was designed to assess the role of intracoronary @entity715 in arrhythmogenesis during acute @entity63 . METHODS AND RESULTS: We compared the incidence of @entity943 associated with acute left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) @entity715 elicited in open-chest anesthetized @entity235 by @entity8425 (n = 10) or intracoronary stent (n = 9) versus @entity432 (n = 15). Compared with animals subjected to @entity432 , those with @entity715 had a significantly greater incidence of @entity943 , defined as nonsustained @entity1165 (total duration > 10 seconds), sustained @entity1165 , or @entity2224 developing within the first 30 minutes of occlusion. In the combined @entity715 groups, @entity943 developed in 11 of 19 animals (58%) (6 of 10 @entity235 with @entity8425 and 5 of 9 stent animals). In contrast, @entity943 occurred in only 1 of 15 animals (7%) subjected to @entity432 . This striking and significant difference in @entity943 occurred despite the fact that radioactive microsphere perfusion analysis documented that the extent of left @entity67 rendered @entity63 was equal in all groups (percent of left @entity67 with occlusion flow < or = 50% of baseline: @entity8425 , 25.2 +/- 5.3%; stent, 27.1 +/- 3.6%; balloon, 34.3 +/- 11.6%; P = NS). Furthermore, there were no differences between the animals with @entity715 or @entity432 with respect to changes in echocardiographic parameters of left ventricular function, aortic pressure, or heart rate after occlusion. CONCLUSIONS: These data provide evidence that despite equal magnitudes of jeopardized myocardial mass, acute @entity63 induced by @entity1563 results in a greater incidence of @entity943 than does @entity432 . These findings suggest that the process of intracoronary @entity715 itself exerts arrhythmogenic effects above and beyond the impact of @entity63 on @entity1562 induced by @entity1563 .

title: Arrhythmogenic influence of intracoronary XXXX during acute myocardial ischemia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1563 :: ('MESH:D054059', 'Disease') :: ['coronary occlusion', 'thrombotic coronary occlusion']

entities_list: @entity8425 :: ('MESH:D004556', 'Disease') :: ['electrical injury']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['balloon occlusion', 'LAD balloon occlusion', 'nonthrombotic balloon occlusion']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1562 :: ('MESH:D017682', 'Disease') :: ['myocardium']

entities_list: @entity1186 :: ('MESH:D003328', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary artery thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis', 'thrombotic occlusion']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular myocardium']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['MVA', 'arrhythmias', 'malignant ventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: The effects of @entity4087 (100 and 200 microg/kg s.c.), @entity56573 (1 and 2.5 mg/kg i.p.), @entity54315 (2.5 and 4 mg/kg i.p.) and @entity7301 (630 microg/kg i.p.) were studied on the extracellular concentration of @entity935 (DA) and @entity16750 ( @entity4925 ) in the nucleus accumbens of chloral @entity19695 -anesthetized @entity35 , using intracerebral microdialysis. @entity4087 , a non selective @entity750 2C/2B/2A (5-HT2C/2B/2A) receptor antagonist, significantly increased DA release, which reached a peak level (+ 20%) 60 min after drug injection and slowly returned back to baseline values. @entity4087 also caused a dose-dependent increase in @entity4925 outflow. Pretreatment with @entity4087 (200 microg/kg) did not change the inhibition of DA release induced by @entity3826 (100 microg/kg), whereas it prevented the reduction of @entity4925 outflow induced by @entity3826 (100 microg/kg). Administration of @entity56573 , a selective blocker of 5-HT2C/2B receptors, dose-dependently increased DA outflow. The dose of 2.5 mg/kg @entity56573 caused a linear increase of DA output which reached a peak (+75%) 40 min after injection, while 1 mg/kg induced a more gradual increase of DA release which peaked (+54%) 60 min after administration of the drug. Treatment with @entity54315 , a selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist, did not produce any significant effect on DA outflow. Administration of @entity7301 , a mixed 5-HT2A/2C receptor antagonist, did not cause any significant change of DA and @entity4925 outflow. Taken together, these data indicate that selective blockade of 5-HT2/2B receptor subtypes increases DA release in the @entity35 nucleus accumbens.

title: Selective blockade of XXXX 2C/2B receptors enhances @entity935 release in the @entity35 nucleus accumbens.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity4087 :: ('MESH:C031649', 'Chemical') :: ['mesulergine', 'Mesulergine']

entities_list: @entity3826 :: ('MESH:D001058', 'Chemical') :: ['apomorphine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity7301 :: ('MESH:D016713', 'Chemical') :: ['ritanserin']

entities_list: @entity16750 :: ('CHEBI:61409', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydroxyphenylacetic acid']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pertussis remains a public health problem in countries with high vaccination coverage. Classic vaccination approaches have failed to effectively control the infection. The incidence of @entity5695 hospitalizations in @entity1 is high, especially in those younger than 3 months who are in high risk of a severe disease and @entity204 . Additional strategies are recommended for short-term protection of this vulnerable population. In this study, we estimated the impact of 2 strategies for @entity5695 prevention in @entity1 younger than 1 year of age-a cocoon vaccination strategy and the vaccination of pregnant @entity1 (VPW)-and the cost-benefit of these approaches relative to the current vaccination policy in Spain. METHODS: A cost-benefit analysis was conducted from the perspective of the publically-funded Spanish healthcare system, based on the yearly number of hospitalizations during the period of 2009 to 2011. We calculated the absolute risk reduction, the number of parents that would need to be vaccinated to prevent 1 hospitalization or @entity204 in @entity1 <1 year, and the net benefit-to-cost ratio of each strategy. RESULTS: From 2009 to 2011, the incidence of @entity5695 in Spain was 153.44 hospitalizations per 100,000 @entity1 <1 year. The absolute risk reduction for hospitalization would be 42.1/100,000 with cocooning and 75.2/100,000 with VPW. The number of parents needed to vaccinate with the cocoon strategy to prevent 1 @entity5695 hospitalization would be 4752 and to prevent 1 @entity204 , more than 900,000. With VPW, 1331 pregnant @entity1 would have to be vaccinated to prevent 1 hospitalization and 200,000 to prevent 1 @entity204 . The benefit-to-cost ratio was 0.04 for cocooning and 0.15 for VPW.

title: Cost-benefit of the introduction of new strategies for vaccination against XXXX in Spain: Cocooning and pregnant vaccination strategies.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'women']

entities_list: @entity5695 :: ('MESH:D014917', 'Disease') :: ['pertussis']

answer: @entity5695 :: (MESH:D014917,Disease) :: ['pertussis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To estimate the degree of long-term use of @entity9038 , @entity2492 and @entity12124 among Danes aged 65 and older and the association with sociodemographic factors and use of other drugs. METHODS: Danish register-based study of 5000 @entity1 and 5000 @entity1 aged 65 or older on 1 January 2004. Information on sociodemographic factors and drug redemptions were collected for 2003, with follow-up of @entity9038 , @entity2492 and @entity12124 redemptions in 2004. Long-term use was defined as redemptions corresponding to a continuous daily use for more than 4 weeks (based on    @entity3603 ). The association between long-term use and sociodemographics and drug use was estimated by logistic regression. RESULTS: Ten per cent of all @entity1 and 16% of all @entity1 had a long-term use for minimum 4 weeks corresponding to 94% of the male and 93% of the female users. Four per cent of the @entity1 and 6% of the @entity1 had redeemed more than    @entity3603 per day in 2004. Long-term use was associated with: Being a @entity1 , high age, widowed or divorced, high education and high gross income. Long-term use was also associated with use of other drugs, the association with ATC group N being the strongest. Restricting the analyses to individuals who had minimum one @entity9038 , @entity2492 or @entity12124 redemption gave similar results. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the guidance for length of use is not followed. Long-term use of @entity9038 , @entity2492 and @entity12124 is associated with sociodemographic factors and use of other drugs, particularly from ATC group N.

title: Long-term use of @entity9038 , XXXX and @entity12124 among Danish elderly and the association with sociodemographic factors and use of other drugs.

entities_list: @entity9038 :: ('MESH:C515050', 'Chemical') :: ['zopiclone']

entities_list: @entity2492 :: ('MESH:C049109', 'Chemical') :: ['zolpidem']

answer: @entity2492 :: (MESH:C049109,Chemical) :: ['zolpidem']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recently, fat injection has been performed across the globe and has several advantages. However, there have not been many studies regarding the relationship between complications and contributing factors. The authors analyzed factors present when complications occurred during fat injections into the face. METHODS: A retrospective chart review was performed for 62 @entity1 who had moderate complications among the 1261 @entity1 who had received full-face fat injection between April of 2004 and July of 2008. Complications included chronic @entity4 , @entity730 , @entity82 , acne, @entity10 , @entity809 , drooping, and irregularity. RESULTS: There were no differences among the first, second, and third injection groups regarding age, body weight, height, or body mass index. However, there were statistically significant differences in injection amount and complication occurrence time (p < 0.0001). There were statistically significant differences in injection amount and complication occurrence time between the fresh and frozen fat (p < 0.0001). There were statistically significant differences regarding age, injection amount, and complication occurrence time according to the complication groups (p < 0.0001). There was also a difference between timing of the injection and the complication frequency (Fisher's exact test, p < 0.0001) and between fat status and the complication frequency (Fisher's exact test, p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: @entity4 , @entity730 , @entity82 , acne, @entity10 , @entity809 , drooping, and irregularity after full-face fat injection were observed as moderate complications. Although further study will be needed for the effective analysis of complications according to the number of injection or fat status, the authors found significant differences in age, complication occurrence time, and injection amount between some complication groups. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Risk, II.

title: An analysis of the experiences of 62 XXXX with moderate complications after full-face fat injection for augmentation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edema', 'Chronic edema']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesia']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcification']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: We recently demonstrated that the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) @entity8932 ( @entity8932 ), @entity1990 , and @entity5751 are expressed in @entity19 colonic epithelium in a compartmentalized manner. Here we report the localization of @entity12428 , the receptor for bacterial flagellin, and its distinctive down-regulation during experimental @entity1960 . Guts from normal BALB/c @entity19 and those with dextran @entity2397 (DSS)-induced @entity1960 were compared. Each gut was divided into seven segments (stomach, small intestine [three parts], and colon [three parts]), and epithelial cells and crypt units were collected by scraping and @entity1098 treatment, respectively. Northern blotting showed that @entity12428 mRNA was preferentially expressed in the epithelium of the proximal colon in normal @entity19 . Laser capture microdissection coupled to reverse transcriptase PCR confirmed this localization. @entity12428 protein expression reflected mRNA expression, as evidenced by Western blotting. In @entity19 with acute @entity1960 , @entity32 occurred mainly in the distal colon. Interestingly, while @entity8932 , @entity1990 , and @entity5751 were up-regulated in the inflamed colon, @entity12428 was down-regulated at both the mRNA and protein levels. Decreased @entity12428 expression was more evident during @entity1960 . Additional in vitro studies using a @entity19 cell line, Colon-26, showed that @entity60 ) time- and dose-dependently down-regulates @entity12428 . In conclusion, epithelial cells, mainly in the proximal colon, constitutively express @entity12428 . @entity12428 expression is down-regulated in vivo during acute and chronic DSS-induced @entity1960 , in contrast to the expression of @entity8932 , @entity1990 , and @entity5751 . The mechanism governing @entity12428 regulation may therefore differ from that controlling other PRRs. Finally, @entity60 may be involved in down-regulating @entity12428 expression.

title: Epithelial toll-like receptor 5 is constitutively localized in the XXXX cecum and exhibits distinctive down-regulation during experimental @entity1960 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2397 :: ('MESH:C012036', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium sulfate']

entities_list: @entity60 :: ('15978(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['IFN-gamma', 'gamma interferon (IFN-gamma']

entities_list: @entity1960 :: ('MESH:D003092', 'Disease') :: ['colitis', 'chronic colitis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: @entity5417 in an adult @entity1 , localised only to the gastrointestinal system is very rare. A 50 year old male was treated in our Intensive Department because of @entity649 ( @entity649 ) and @entity177 . After temporary improvement massive @entity360 developed with shock. Blood was found in the descending duodenum without evident pathology at endoscopy. Angiogram showed @entity548 at the hepatic flexure of the colon, which was successfully treated by a coil and @entity548 was also present in the terminal part of the small intestine. The catheter was left in situ and the @entity548 part of the bowel was painted intraoperatively, so we could resect the stained part of the intestine. Because of rebleeding, bowel resection was performed an other two occasions in the same way. The histology of the bowel showed @entity5417 in each specimen. Our @entity1 was totally non-responsive to treatment, which is usually successful in this disease. After the resections the @entity548 stopped temporarily, but as the underlying disease was unmanageable the @entity1 died but we have not found any surgical complication at autopsy. We think that this method in the surgical treatment of massive @entity548 is very useful and effective.

title: [Massive @entity360 in XXXX in an adult].

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'intestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity5417 :: ('MESH:D011695', 'Disease') :: ['Henoch-Schoenlein syndrome']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity5417 :: (MESH:D011695,Disease) :: ['Henoch-Schoenlein purpura']


abstract: PURPOSE: The study was undertaken to improve the results of intensive chemotherapy in @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) in accelerated ( @entity1860 ) and blastic phases ( @entity1860 ) by the addition of @entity2841 ( @entity2841 ) as supportive therapy. @entity1 AND METHODS: Forty-eight @entity1 were treated with @entity5699 120 mg/m2 intravenously on day 1, @entity2592 (ara-C) 1.5 g/m2/d by continuous infusion over 24 hours for 4 days, and @entity8313 ( @entity1667 ; The Upjohn Co, Kalamazoo, MI) 100 mg/d for 5 days, followed on day 5 by @entity2841 125 micrograms/m2/d over 6 hours until recovery of granulocyte count above 2.0 x 10(3)/microliters. Twenty-four @entity1 had @entity1860 , and 24 had @entity1860 . RESULTS: During remission induction, 45 @entity1 (94%) developed febrile episodes ( @entity221 of unknown origin, 23 @entity1 [48%]; documented infections, 22 @entity1 [46%]). The median time to recovery of granulocyte count above 0.5 x 10(3)/microliters was 29 days and to platelet count above 30 x 10(3)/microliters, 28 days. Overall, 14 of 48 @entity1 (29%) achieved a @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ), and seven (15%) reverted to a second chronic phase. @entity1503 was noted in eight of 24 @entity1 with @entity1860 (33%), and in six of 24 @entity1 with @entity1860 (25%). Cytogenetic responses were observed in 11 @entity1 (23%), but were transient. Sixteen @entity1 developed either @entity6112 , @entity551 , @entity1143 , or @entity2396 , or a combination of these side effects. These side effects were severe in four @entity1 and are likely to be disease-associated, as a similar regimen of intensive chemotherapy and @entity2841 at the same dose and schedule in @entity981 was not associated with these side effects. CONCLUSIONS: The results pertinent to remission rates, induction mortality, myelosuppression profile and related complications, and overall survival were not significantly improved compared with previous experience. In summary, the results of intensive chemotherapy in @entity1860 -transformed phases remain poor, despite the addition of @entity2841 as a supportive measure.

title: Treatment of @entity1860 in accelerated and blastic phases with @entity5699 , high-dose @entity2592 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1667 :: ('MESH:D008775', 'Chemical') :: ['methylprednisolone']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleuropericardial effusions']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity6112 :: ('MESH:D016055', 'Disease') :: ['fluid retention']

entities_list: @entity5699 :: ('MESH:D003630', 'Chemical') :: ['daunorubicin']

entities_list: @entity2396 :: ('MESH:D010493', 'Disease') :: ['pericarditis']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['complete hematologic remission', 'CHR']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity8313 :: ('MESH:D008776', 'Chemical') :: ['Solu-Medrol']

entities_list: @entity2841 :: ('1437', 'Gene') :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor', 'GM-CSF']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'CML-BP', 'CML-AP', 'chronic myelogenous leukemia']

answer: @entity2841 :: (1437,Gene) :: ['granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the role of Kupffer cells (KCs) in acute @entity548 necrotizing @entity651 (AHNP-LI). METHODS: Forty-two @entity35 were allocated to four groups [sham operation, AHNP model, @entity2545 ( @entity21953 ) pretreatment, @entity21953 control]. In @entity21953 pretreatment group, @entity21953 was administered by caudal vein injection 24 h before the AHNP model induction. Blood from the iliac artery, alveolar macrophages and tissues from the pancreas and lung, were collected in six animals per group 3 and 6 h after acute @entity788 induction. @entity1505 , IL-1 of serum, @entity1589 (MPO) of lung tissue, NF-kappaB activation of alveolar macrophages were detected. Serum AST and ALT in sham operation group and @entity21953 control group were tested. In addition, histopathological changes of the pancreas and lung were observed under light microscope. RESULTS: MPO of lung tissue and @entity1505 , IL-1 levels of serum were all reduced significantly in @entity21953 pretreatment group compared to those in AHNP group (P<0.01). NF-kappaB activation of alveolar macrophages was also attenuated significantly in @entity21953 pretreatment group compared to that in AHNP group (P<0.01). The pathological injury of the lung was ameliorated obviously in @entity21953 pretreatment group compared to that in AHNP group. Nevertheless, the serum amylase level did not reduce and @entity130 was not prevented in @entity21953 pretreatment group. CONCLUSION: @entity651 induced by AHNP is mediated by KC activation and AHNP-LI can be significantly ameliorated by pretreatment with @entity21953 and KCs play a vital role in AHNP-LI.

title: Role of Kupffer cells in acute XXXX necrotizing @entity651 of @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['Pulmonary injury', 'pancreatitis-associated lung injury']

entities_list: @entity2545 :: ('MESH:C038958', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium chloride']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury of the pancreas']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the correlation between changes in portosystemic collaterals, evaluated by multidetector-row computed tomography imaging using multiplanar reconstruction (MDCT-MPR), and prognosis in @entity1 with @entity548 @entity2312 ( @entity2312 ) after endoscopic treatment. METHODS: Forty-nine @entity1 with primary hemostasis for variceal bleeding received radical endoscopic treatment: endoscopic injection sclerotherapy (EIS) or endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL). @entity1 were classified according to the rate of reduction in feeding vessel diameter on MDCT-MPR images, into the narrowing (n=24) and no-change (n=25) groups. We evaluated changes in portosystemic collaterals by MDCT-MPR before and after treatment, and determined rebleeding and survival rates. RESULTS: The left gastric and paraesophageal (PEV) veins were recognized as portosystemic collaterals in 100 and 80%, respectively, of @entity1 with @entity2312 on MDCT-MPR images. The rebleeding rates at 1, 2, 3, and 5 years after endoscopic treatment were 10, 15, 23, and 23%, respectively, for the narrowing group, and 17, 24, 35, and 67%, respectively, for the no-change group (P=0.068). Among no-change group, the rebleeding rate in @entity1 with large PEV was significantly lower than that with small PEV (P=0.027). The rebleeding rate in @entity1 with small PEV of the no-change group was significantly higher than that in the narrowing group (P=0.018). There was no significant difference in rebleeding rates between the no-change group with a large PEV and narrowing group (P=0.435). CONCLUSION: Changes in portosystemic collaterals evaluated by MDCT-MPR imaging correlate with rebleeding rate. Evaluation of portosystemic collaterals in this manner would provide useful information for the management of @entity548 @entity2312 .

title: Evaluation of portosystemic collaterals by MDCT-MPR imaging for management of XXXX @entity2312 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2312 :: ('MESH:D004932', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal varices', 'EV']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic']


abstract: @entity6928 triggered activities in cat heart in vivo were studied by using floating microelectrode and contact electrode to record transmembrane and monophasic action potentials (TAP and MAP). Ten seconds after @entity6928 (0.5 m mol/kg, i.v.), early after depolarization (EAD) appeared in the middle-later period of phase 3 in both TAP and MAP. Thirty seconds after @entity6928 , the amplitude of TAP-EAD was 25.6 +/- 9.3 mV and that of MAP-EAD was 3.4 +/- 1.3 mV. The potential changes of the EADs could be divided into three kinds, i.e. the "tail", the "plateau" and "peak" types. Delayed after depolarization (DADs) could also be induced by @entity6928 in the phase 4 of the TAP and MAP in two @entity468 . The amplitudes of TAP-DAD and MAP-DAD were 13.0 +/- 5.3 mV and 3.3 +/- 0.6 mV respectively. The types of the afterdepolarizations in MAP were very similar to those in TAP. The @entity1165 could be induced by repeated injections of @entity6928 . According to the occurrence of after depolarization (AD) and the relationship between the coupling interval of the AD and that of the ventricular beat, two kinds of generation of @entity943 were suggested, i.e. one triggered by AD of the myocardium under the electrode and the other induced by AD originating from the other sites of the myocardium.

title: [Electrophysiological studies of after-depolarizations and XXXX in the heart in vivo].

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular extrasystole and/or tachycardias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['arrhythmias']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background/Aims: Intravenous bisphosphonate therapy is the first-line treatment in moderate-to-severe @entity6926 ( @entity6926 ), but there are varied treatment protocols with little data on long-term efficacy. This study evaluates the clinical outcomes when transitioning from active bisphosphonate treatment to maintenance therapy. Methods: A retrospective review was conducted on 17 @entity1 before treatment, following active treatment (zoledronate 0.05 mg/kg 6-monthly or pamidronate 6-9 mg/kg/year) and after establishment on maintenance treatment for more than 2 years (zoledronate 0.025 mg/kg 6-monthly or pamidronate <4 mg/kg/year). Results: There was a significant reduction in mean fracture rate from 1.5    1.1 @entity174 /year at baseline to 0.7    0.7 @entity174 /year on active treatment. Z-scores for lumbar spine bone mineral density, bone mineral content, volumetric bone mineral density and bone mineral content for lean tissue mass increased during active treatment. These improvements were maintained during the period of maintenance treatment. Vertebral height improved in fractured thoracic vertebrae from pre-treatment to active therapy and improved further during maintenance treatment. Metacarpal cortical thickness and relative cortical area also increased over the treatment periods. Conclusion: Maintenance intravenous bisphosphonate therapy preserved the beneficial effects of active treatment at the doses stated above. Further studies are required to determine the optimal bisphosphonate treatment regimen in the management of @entity1 with @entity6926 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: The Long-Term Effects of Switching from Active Intravenous Bisphosphonate Treatment to Low-Dose Maintenance Therapy in XXXX with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['osteogenesis imperfecta', 'OI']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: @entity259 may invade the mediastinum by direct extension of the @entity5 or @entity3 to the paratracheal or retroclavicular-parajugular lymph nodes. From 1975 to 1991 in 47 out of 622 @entity259 @entity1 (7.6%) [14 papillary (PTC), 5 follicular (FTC), 16 medullary (MTC) and 12 @entity189 ( @entity189 )] transsternal @entity5 resection has been performed. Four @entity1 ( @entity189 three, MTC one) deceased 7, 8, 35, and 41 days after resection of the @entity5 due to @entity4617 , and in one @entity1 because of acute arteriotracheal @entity548 after external irradiation; no @entity1 deceased after transsternal resection as a result of cervicomediastinal lymphadenectomy. At the time of primary operation 80% of @entity1 showed an advanced @entity5 stage (greater than pT3). In 34% of @entity1 (PTC 64%, FTC 40%, MTC 13%, @entity189 25%) no @entity5 recurrence was observed neither by imaging nor by biochemical methods. In 18 @entity1 a transsternal microdissection of all four cervicomediastinal lymph node compartments has been performed. Histological analyses of excised and @entity5 involved lymph nodes revealed in 9 @entity1 unilateral cervical and mediastinal and in 9 @entity1 bilateral cervical and mediastinal lymph node @entity3 . In the case of unilateral cervicomediastinal lymph node @entity3 2 out of 2 @entity1 with papillary and 2 out of 6 @entity1 with @entity259 could be cured surgically. In the case of bilateral cervicomediastinal lymph node @entity3 3 out of 4 @entity1 with @entity3557 , but no other @entity259 @entity1 were free of disease. In conclusion, main indications for transsternal cervicomediastinal resection in @entity259 are (1) @entity5 extending to the upper mediastinum, but without lymph node @entity3 , and (2) @entity259 with unilateral cervicomediastinal lymph node @entity3 . In the case of bilateral cervicomediastinal lymph node @entity3 probable only @entity3557 are supposed to be curable by transsternal multicompartmentectomy.

title: [Trans-sternal cervico-mediastinal @entity5 resection and lymphadenectomy in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinomas', 'papillary thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['UTC', 'undifferentiated carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4617 :: ('MESH:D006338', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac or tumor disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma', 'thyroid cancer', 'thyroid carcinomas', 'Thyroid carcinoma', 'thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['thyroid gland cancer']