abstract: BACKGROUND: Models of palliative care delivery develop within a social, cultural, and political context. This paper describes the 30-year history of the National @entity5 Association (ANT), a palliative care organization founded in the Italian province of Bologna, focusing on this model of home care for palliative @entity5 @entity1 and on its evaluation. METHODS: Data were collected from the 1986-2008 ANT archives and documents from the Emilia-Romagna Region Health Department, Italy. Outcomes of interest were changed in: number of @entity1 served, performance status at admission (Karnofsky Performance Status score [KPS]), length of participation in the program (days of care provided), place of @entity204 (home vs. hospital/hospice), and satisfaction with care. Statistical methods included linear and quadratic regressions. A linear and a quadratic regressions were generated; the independent variable was the year, while the dependent one was the number of @entity1 from 1986 to 2008. Two linear regressions were generated for @entity1 died at home and in the hospital, respectively. For each regression, the R square, the unstandardized and standardized coefficients and related P-values were estimated. RESULTS: The number of @entity1 served by ANT has increased continuously from 131 (1986) to a cumulative total of 69,336 @entity1 (2008), at a steady rate of approximately 121 additional @entity1 per year and with no significant gender difference. The annual number of home visits increased from 6,357 (1985) to 904,782 (2008). More ANT @entity1 died at home than in hospice or hospital; this proportion increased from 60% (1987) to 80% (2007). The rate of growth in the number of @entity1 dying in hospital/hospice was approximately 40 @entity1 /year (p < 0.01), vs. approximately 177 @entity1 /year for @entity1 who died at home. The percentage of @entity1 with KPS < 40 at admission decreased from 70% (2003) to 30% (2008); the percentage of @entity1 with KPS > 40 increased. Mean days of care for @entity1 with KPS > 40 exceeded mean days for @entity1 with KPS < 40 (p < 0.001). @entity1 and caregivers reported high satisfaction with care in each year of assessment; in 2008, among 187 interviewed caregivers, 95% judged the quality of doctors' assistance, and 91% judged the quality of nurses' assistance, to be "optimal." CONCLUSIONS: The ANT home care model of palliative care delivery has been well-received, with progressively growing numbers of @entity1 served. It has resulted in a greater proportion of home deaths and in @entity1 ' accessing palliative care at an earlier point in the disease trajectory. Changes in ANT chronicle palliative care trends in general.

title: The National XXXX Association Foundation (ANT): A 30 year old model of home palliative care.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Tumor']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the astigmatic effect of a supero-oblique clear corneal phacoemulsification @entity231 incision. SETTING: A university-based general ophthalmology practice. METHODS: All eyes having supero-oblique phacoemulsification @entity231 surgery using the right hand of a single surgeon between April 17, 1997, and July 24, 1997, were prospectively included. There were 52 eyes of 52 consecutive @entity1 . Manifest refraction was performed preoperatively and 1, 3, and at least 6 months postoperatively. A Fourier method of vector analysis was used. RESULTS: Mean @entity2516 (Fourier corrected) for all eyes and all ages preoperatively was -1.422 + 0.085 x 35.85. At 6 months, it was -0.620 + 0.190 x 14.2. There was little difference between right and left eyes. @entity1 older than 80 years had greater induced @entity940 . CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that making a supero-oblique clear corneal phacoemulsification incision while sitting in the more natural superior position does not induce a clinically important amount of oblique @entity940 .

title: Refractive XXXX after oblique clear corneal phacoemulsification @entity231 incision.

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity940 :: (MESH:D001251,Disease) :: ['astigmatism']


abstract: Integrins @entity2928 , aMb2 and aXb2 are expressed on leukocytes. Their primary ligands are counter transmembrane receptors or plasma proteins, such as @entity2071 ( @entity2071 ) or components of complement system (iC3b, iC4b), respectively. Function blocking antibodies for these integrins may also reduce cell adhesion to collagens. To make the first systematical comparison of @entity1 a(L)b2, a(M)b2 and a(X)b2 as collagen receptors, we produced the corresponding integrin aI domains both in wild-type and activated form and measured their binding to collagens I-VI. In the "closed" (wild-type) conformation, the a(L)I and a(M)I domains bound with low avidity to their primary ligands, and the interaction with collagens was also very weak. Gain-of-function mutations a(L) @entity30045 , a(L) K287C/K294C and a(M) @entity30046 are considered to mimic "open", activated aI domains. The binding of these activated aI domains to the primary ligands was clearly stronger and they also recognized collagens with moderate avidity (K(d)400 nM). After activation, the aLI domain favored collagen I (K(d )    80 nM) when compared to collagen IV. The integrin aXI domain acted in a very different manner since already in native, wild-type form it bound to collagen IV and iC3b (K(d)     200-400 nM). Antibodies against aXb2 and aMb2 blocked @entity2799 cell adhesion to the collagenous GFOGER motif, a binding site for the b1 integrin containing collagen receptors. In brief, leukocyte b2 integrins may act as collagen receptors in a heterodimer specific manner.

title: Leukocyte integrins XXXX , aMb2 and aXb2 as collagen receptors--receptor activation and recognition of GFOGER motif.

entities_list: @entity2799 :: ('MESH:D015473', 'Disease') :: ['promyelocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2071 :: ('3383', 'Gene') :: ['ICAM-1', 'intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1']

answer: @entity2928 :: (173,Gene) :: ['aLb2']


abstract: @entity71 ( @entity71 ) is a childhood @entity146 condition characterized by severe @entity23 , inattention and overactivity. @entity2727 ( @entity7541 ), a psychostimulant affecting both the dopaminergic and the noradrenergic systems, is one of the most frequently prescribed treatments for @entity71 . Despite the widespread use of @entity7541 and its proven effectiveness, its precise neurochemical mechanisms of action are under debate. For the most part, @entity7541 's influence on subcortical @entity935 neurotransmission is thought to play a crucial role in its behavioral and cognitive effects. In their hypothesis of biphasic @entity7541 action, Seeman and Madras [42, 43] suggest that therapeutic doses of @entity7541 elevate tonic @entity935 while inhibiting phasic transmitter release in subcortical structures, leading to reduced postsynaptic receptor stimulation and psychomotor activation in response to salient stimuli. Volkow and colleagues [56] suggest that by amplifying a weak striatal @entity935 signal, @entity7541 increases the perception of a stimulus or task as salient. The enhanced interest for the task is thought to increase attention and improve performance. Recent animal studies have however shown that when administered at doses producing clinically relevant drug plasma levels and enhancing cognitive function, @entity7541 preferentially activates @entity935 and @entity1063 efflux within the prefrontal cortex relative to the subcortical structures [5]. Overall, we suggest that the delineated theories of @entity7541 therapeutic action should not be discussed as exclusive. Studies are outlined that allow integrating the different findings and models.

title: Dopaminergic and noradrenergic contributions to functionality in XXXX : the role of @entity2727 .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulsiveness']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['Methylphenidate']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['ADHD']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Discomfort during sexual activity is common after @entity0 . Vaginal @entity172 are effective but commonly avoided due to systemic absorption. Despite the large commercial market for vaginal lubricants, no randomized studies have compared products. We aimed to compare efficacy and acceptability of two major types of lubricant for discomfort during sexual activity in @entity0 @entity1 . In a single-center, randomized, double-blind, AB/BA crossover design, sexually active @entity0 @entity1 used each lubricant for 4  weeks. The primary @entity1 -reported efficacy outcome was total discomfort related to sexual activity (Fallowfield Sexual Activity Questionnaire Discomfort subscale SAQ-D). Acceptability was measured by @entity1 preference and reported intention to continue using the products. Of 38 @entity1 analyzed, over 90  % experienced clinically significant sexually related distress at baseline. Water- and @entity1346 -based lubricants did not differ statistically in efficacy based on total sexual discomfort (difference 0.7, 95  % confidence interval (CI) 0-1.4, p  =  0.06). In a post hoc analysis, @entity158 /discomfort during penetration improved more during @entity1346 -based lubricant use than during water-based lubricant use (odds ratio 5.4, 95  % CI 1.3-22.1, p  =  0.02). All aspects of sexual discomfort measured with diaries were reported more commonly with water- than @entity1346 -based lubricant. Almost twice as many @entity1 preferred @entity1346 -based to water-based lubricant than the converse (n  =  20, 65  %, vs. n  =  11, 35  %). 88  % continued to experience clinically significant sexually related distress despite use of either lubricant. Total sexual discomfort was lower after use of @entity1346 -based lubricant than water-based, but many @entity1 continue to experience sexually related distress.

title: A randomized, double-blind, crossover trial comparing a @entity1346 - versus water-based lubricant for sexual discomfort after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogens']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal breast cancer', 'breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: Intense research has been conducted on @entity683 (H1N1)pdm09 virus to determine the virulence markers. Limited information on characteristics of pandemic virus has become available in @entity233 since the pandemic. In this first report from @entity233 , we investigated the molecular markers that have been associated with increased virulence and @entity684 resistance. We also conducted serological studies in @entity1 after @entity281 , vaccination, exposure, and no-exposure controls to determine the level of protection against the pandemic H1N1 influenza virus. Thirteen rRT-PCR positive samples were analyzed for presence of mutations that have been associated with host range, virulence, and antiviral resistance: substitution @entity13964 in the HA, @entity13967 in the PB2, and @entity15998 in the neuraminidase (NA). In addition, 135 serum samples from vaccinated, recovered, asymptomatic contacts, and control individuals were tested using hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. @entity13964 was detected in nasal samples from two severe cases. No specified mutations in the PB2 and NA were identified. Additional substitutions, @entity28666 , @entity24474 , @entity28667 , @entity28668 in HA, @entity28669 in PB2, and @entity28670 in NA, were detected. HI testing from vaccinated individuals, recovered @entity1 , asymptomatic contacts, and control individuals showed that 97.9, 99.7, 88.2, and 44.2  % had HI titers >= 40, respectively. Molecular markers promoting @entity683 (H1N1)pdm09 to become a pandemic virus are still under investigation. Serological results confirm that younger, un-exposed individuals are at increased risk of @entity778 . @entity683 viruses are still in circulation around the globe. Therefore, these viruses need to be monitored closely for development of new markers including antiviral resistance mutations.

title: Molecular and serological investigations of the @entity778 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['pandemic virus infections']

entities_list: @entity684 :: ('MESH:D053139', 'Chemical') :: ['oseltamivir']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09', 'influenza A']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity233 :: (9103,Species) :: ['Turkey']


abstract: Many @entity1 with @entity565 experience a worsening of symptoms at night and in the early morning, resulting in @entity25 and possibly altered daily performance. A bronchodilator agent that exerts its maximal effect overnight to control nocturnal symptoms, without a worsening of the disease during the daytime, should improve the treatment of @entity565 . This investigation examined the efficacy and kinetics of a new chronotherapeutically optimized, sustained-release theophylline formulation administered @entity2794 ( @entity2794 ) in the evening at 8:00 P.M. in comparison with a conventional sustained-release theophylline administered @entity2794 ( @entity2794 ) at 8:00 A.M. and at 8:00 P.M. in the same dose. After a theophylline clearance study to substantiate normal or slow metabolism of the drug, a dose-titration period, and a 24-h baseline spirometric study of @entity1 not receiving any medication, @entity1 were randomized to 7-day treatment phases with either @entity2794 or @entity2794 . Each outpatient segment of 6 days of @entity2794 and @entity2794 was followed by a 24-h inpatient study on Day 7 when serum drug level and spirometric (PEF, FEV1, and FEF25-75) parameters were obtained every 2 h. The conventional @entity2794 treatment was associated with a constant serum @entity2544 level over the 24 h. In contrast, the @entity2794 treatment was associated with larger peak-to-trough drug level fluctuation, with higher levels produced overnight and lower ones in the evening at the end of the dosing interval. Compared with the baseline references, both @entity2794 and @entity2794 significantly improved airflow over the entire 24 h and to a comparable extent. However, between 2:00 and 6:00 A.M., PEF and FEV1 were significantly greater with @entity2794 than with @entity2794 . The improvement in PEF and FEV1 at this time, because of @entity2794 , was correlated with the serum theophylline level. This was not the case for @entity2794 . The improvement in airflow over baseline values between 2:00 and 6:00 P.M. was not correlated with theophylline level with either treatment regime. Overall, the chronotherapeutically conceptualized @entity2794 treatment administered in the evening resulted in better airflow levels overnight than did the @entity2794 regime without loss of airflow in the afternoon.

title: Twenty-four hour lung function in adult @entity1 with XXXX . Chronoptimized theophylline therapy once-daily dosing in the evening versus conventional twice-daily dosing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2544 :: ('MESH:D013806', 'Chemical') :: ['theophylline']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['twice daily', 'OD', 'once daily', 'TD']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep disruption']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: @entity2903 ( @entity2904 ) is the main chemotherapeutic drug utilized for the treatment of @entity463 multiforme (GMB), however, drug resistance often leads to @entity5 recurrence and poor outcomes. GMB cell lines were treated with @entity2904 for up to two weeks and then subjected to proteomics analysis to identify the underlying molecular pathology that is associated with @entity2904 resistance. Proteomics data showed that @entity2904 altered expression of proteins that related to cytoskeleton structure and function, such as @entity36185 and @entity36186 . qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence were used to verify expression of @entity36185 and @entity36186 in these cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to verify expression of these two proteins in xenografts of a nude @entity19 model, and ex vivo GBM tissue samples. Their expression was knocked down using siRNA to confirm their role in the regulation of GBM cell sensitivity to @entity2904 . Knockdown of @entity36185 expression enhanced sensitivity of U87 cells to @entity2904 treatment. Ex vivo data showed that @entity36185 expression in GBM tissue samples was associated with @entity5 recurrence after @entity2904 chemotherapy. These results indicated cytoskeleton related protein @entity36185 reduced sensitivity of GBM cells to @entity2904 treatment. Further studies should assess @entity36185 as a novel target in GBM for @entity2904 combination treatment.

title: Expression of @entity36185 ( XXXX ) associated with @entity463 cell resistance to @entity2903 .

entities_list: @entity2903 :: ('MESH:C047246', 'Chemical') :: ['Temozolomide']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity36185 :: (110350(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['DHC2']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of contrast-enhanced sonography as an adjunct to conventional transvaginal sonography for detecting @entity1204 and defining the depth of @entity3 . METHODS: A total of 35 @entity1 with @entity1204 diagnosed by endometrial sampling were examined with transvaginal sonography followed by contrast-enhanced sonography before treatment. The contrast enhancement phases (ie, early wash-in/out and late wash-in/out) were visually observed before comparison of @entity5 grouped by average diameter and histopathologic grade. We evaluated the effectiveness of contrast-enhanced sonography as an adjunct to transvaginal sonography in @entity5 imaging. We calculated the accuracy of contrast-enhanced sonography for diagnosing the depth of @entity5 invasion into the myometrium by using arcuate vascular plexus involvement as the sonographic standard for diagnosis of deep @entity2617 . RESULTS: Of the 34 @entity5 identified by contrast-enhanced sonography, 28 (82.4%) showed early wash-in, and 6 (17.6%) showed late wash-in. Similar numbers of cases showed early and late wash-out. The enhancement phases did not differ significantly across groups with different average @entity5 diameters or histologic grades (P > .05). Contrast-enhanced sonography contributed the most to @entity5 imaging in @entity1 with a thin endometrium after endometrial biopsy because it enhanced the contrast between the @entity5 and tissue. The diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced sonography for determining the myometrium infiltration depth was 85.3%. CONCLUSIONS: This study revealed diagnostically useful characteristics of the enhancement phase of @entity1204 . The ability to enhance @entity5 -to-tissue contrast makes contrast-enhanced sonography a valuable adjunct to conventional sonography of @entity1204 , especially for the thin endometrium found after endometrial biopsy. Contrast-enhanced sonography performed well in the diagnosis of the @entity2617 depth when using arcuate vascular plexus involvement as a marker of deep @entity2617 .

title: Imaging of XXXX using contrast-enhanced sonography.

entities_list: @entity1204 :: ('MESH:D016889', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2617 :: ('MESH:D017254', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial infiltration']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['myometrial invasion']

answer: @entity1204 :: (MESH:D016889,Disease) :: ['endometrial carcinoma']


abstract: Cytochrome c translocation from the inner mitochondrial membrane into the cytosol is the initial step of the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. As no evidence was ever presented for cytochrome c translocation during @entity2746 in Lurcher (Lc/+) and weaver (wv/wv) mutant @entity19 , we searched for the presence of such a process in cerebellar homogenates of mutant and wild-type @entity19 from postnatal day (P)1 to @entity32309 . Here we present the first documented time course of cytochrome c translocation spanning the entire period of @entity179 in both mutant types. We identified cytochrome c with Western blotting and monitored cell loss in the cerebellum with @entity5137 immunohistochemistry, Nissl-staining and morphometry. No cytochrome c translocation was ever detected in wild-types at any age investigated. Translocated cytochrome c appeared between P13 and @entity5207 in Lc/+ and between @entity32310 in wv/wv. These two intervals precisely coincide with the respective periods of maximal @entity528 in the cerebellum. Secondary translocation was also observed at a later stage between @entity22427 and @entity28348 in Lc/+ and from @entity20816 onwards in wv/wv. Since no substantial neuronal loss has ever been observed in Lc/+ and wv/wv mutants at these postnatal ages, the delayed translocation may correspond to cytochrome c of extraneuronal, presumably glial origin. Observations of an increased expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein and sustained remodeling of the astrocytic network in the cerebellum of both mutants, long after the cessation of @entity528 make this assumption rather plausible.

title: Translocation of cytochrome c during XXXX in Lurcher and weaver mutant @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity2746 :: ('MESH:D013132', 'Disease') :: ['cerebellar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

answer: @entity2746 :: (MESH:D013132,Disease) :: ['cerebellar degeneration']


abstract: @entity65 ( @entity65 ) are an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A decreased concentration of @entity1254 has been reported in smokers. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of cigarette smoking on the concentration of @entity1254 and @entity972 in @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) and life-time @entity3257 ( @entity3257 ) of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study, and the use of these two markers for risk prediction. Smoking status was assessed by a questionnaire and measurement of plasma @entity4874 concentration. The serum concentration of @entity1254 was measured by ELISA. @entity1254 was binned into tertiles separately for @entity3457 and @entity3257 and the Cox regression was used to assess the effect on mortality. There were 777 @entity3457 and 1178 @entity3257 among the LURIC @entity1 . Within 10 years (median) of follow-up 221 @entity3457 and 302 @entity3257 died. In unadjusted analyses, @entity3457 had lower concentrations of @entity1254 . However, after adjustment for age and gender there was no significant difference in @entity1254 concentration between @entity3457 and @entity3257 . In the Cox regression model adjusted for age and gender, @entity1254 was significantly associated with mortality in @entity3457 , but not in @entity3257 , with hazard ratio (95   % CI) of 1.60 (1.14-2.24) comparing the third with first tertile. In a model further adjusted for the risk factors, such as @entity6 , @entity101 , @entity453 , body mass index, LDL- @entity165 and HDL- @entity165 , @entity1254 was significantly associated with mortality with hazard ratio of 1.83 (1.28-2.62) and 1.56 (1.15-2.11) for @entity3457 and @entity3257 , respectively. We conclude that increased @entity1254 is a strong and independent predictor of mortality in both @entity3457 and @entity3257 . The determination of @entity1254 concentration could be used to identify individuals at increased mortality risk.

title: XXXX and Mortality in Smokers and Non-Smokers of the Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health (LURIC) Study.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['AS', 'active smokers']

entities_list: @entity4874 :: ('MESH:D003367', 'Chemical') :: ['cotinine']

entities_list: @entity1254 :: ('9370', 'Gene') :: ['Adiponectin', 'adiponectin']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'Cardiovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1254 :: (9370,Gene) :: ['Adiponectin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1986 ( @entity1986 ) is an uncommon condition in which the aetiology, treatment and outcome is not well defined. We describe a large series of @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity1986 . METHODS: All @entity1 with biopsy-proven @entity1986 presenting to our institution during a 23-year period were retrospectively reviewed for aetiology, symptoms, treatment, and long-term outcome. RESULTS: A total of 27 @entity1 (16 @entity1 ) were described. Median age was 12  years (range 8  months to 15  years). A potentially adverse drug reaction was found in 12 (44  %) and @entity281 in 8 (30  %). In 13 (48  %) no initiating factor was identified. All but 1 @entity1 were treated with corticosteroids owing to worsening kidney function and 4 @entity1 with other immunosuppressive agents. Fifteen @entity1 (56  %) had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of less than 80  ml/min/1.73  m(2) at last follow-up. Fifteen of the 23 @entity1 investigated (65  %) had coexistent @entity1596 . CONCLUSION: This series represents a subset of paediatric @entity1986 @entity1 in whom there was a clinical indication for a renal biopsy, hence presenting with more severe disease than previously reported. This group were more likely to have no identifiable underlying cause and an increased requirement for @entity228 treatment. Furthermore, more than half of the cases developed @entity740 ( @entity740 ) with @entity8 .

title: Biopsy-proven paediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['impaired kidney function']

entities_list: @entity228 :: ('CHEBI:50858', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroid']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1986 :: ('MESH:D009395', 'Disease') :: ['TIN', 'Tubulointerstitial nephritis']

answer: @entity1986 :: (MESH:D009395,Disease) :: ['tubulointerstitial nephritis']


abstract: AIM: Though @entity2754 ( @entity2754 ) has been overshadowed by current attention given to @entity323 , it is the most widespread form of male @entity250 . Delayed or @entity2754 , a known side effect of selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), has made SSRIs potentially useful in the treatment of this disorder. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of @entity4480 , an SSRI, in the treatment of @entity2754 . METHOD: The study included 20 married @entity1 diagnosed with @entity2754 . The @entity1 were randomly assigned to two groups, @entity4480 (group I) and placebo (group II), each consisting of 10 @entity1 . The effects on the ejaculatory function were estimated by the intravaginal ejaculation latency time. All @entity1 were evaluated by using clinical global impression-improvement Scale (CGI-I). RESULTS: The increase in the intravaginal ejaculation latency time in the @entity4480 group was statistically significant than that of placebo group. Of group I @entity1 , four (40%) were considered as "very much improved" and four (40%) "much improved" by CGI-I and only one of group II @entity1 (10%) showed "much improved". CONCLUSION: @entity4480 appears to be superior to placebo in the pharmacological treatment of @entity2754 when administered on a chronic basis.

title: The efficacy of XXXX in the treatment of @entity2754 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4480 :: ('MESH:C058218', 'Chemical') :: ['duloxetine', 'Duloxetine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity2754 :: ('MESH:D061686', 'Disease') :: ['inhibited ejaculation', 'premature ejaculation', 'PE']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual dysfunction']

answer: @entity4480 :: (MESH:C058218,Chemical) :: ['duloxetine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The role of the HLA phenotype in @entity5 prognosis has been frequently discussed. We previously reported the correlation between HLA alleles and the postoperative prognosis of 204 @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). The present study was based on 695 @entity1 with @entity1149 to confirm these correlations. METHODS: We evaluated the medical records of 695 @entity1149 @entity1 who underwent surgical resection. The serological typing of HLA class I was performed using a microcytotoxicity test of lymphocytes or PCR-sequence-specific oligonucleotides (PCR-SSO), and the correlation between the HLA alleles and the clinicopathological features was analyzed. The survival curves were calculated, and then a comparison of the survival curves was carried out. RESULTS: The HLA-A2 positive(A2(+)) group at stage I showed a more unfavorable prognosis than HLA-A2(-) group in overall survival. At stage II+III, the HLA-A24(+) group had a poorer prognosis than the @entity27767 group, and the HLA-B52(+) group showed unfavorable prognosis. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that HLA-A2 at stage I and HLA-A24 at stage II+III were the independent factors that affected the survival period. CONCLUSIONS: The expression of HLA-A2 was considered as one of the unfavorable prognostic factors in the @entity1149 @entity1 at stage I. @entity27767 group showed a significant unfavorable prognosis at stage II+III. These results suggested that HLA-A2 and HLA-A24 could be the prognostic factors in @entity1 with @entity1149 according to the state of advancement of the disease.

title: Clinical significance of HLA class I alleles on postoperative prognosis of lung cancer XXXX in Japan.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical value of magnetic resonance whole-body diffusion-weighted imaging (WB-DWI) in the @entity5 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six @entity1 with untreated uterine @entity2622 received preoperative conventional MR and WB-DWI scans. WB-DWI scans were also obtained in 30 healthy volunteers. Measurements of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were made on scans of normal uterine cervix and uterine @entity2622 , and benign and metastatic lymph nodes. Statistical analysis was applied to the obtained data. RESULTS: Mean ADC value of uterine @entity2622 was significantly lower than the 3 layers of normal uterine cervix (P = 0.00). When an ADC value of 1.28   10(-3) mm(2)/s is used as the threshold, its sensitivity is 96%, specificity is 100%, and accuracy is 98%. Mean ADC value of metastatic nodes [(0.96    0.14)   10(-3) mm(2)/s] was significantly lower than that of benign nodes [(1.39    0.19)   10(-3) mm(2)/s] (t = 9.93, P = 0.00). When an ADC value of 1.14   10(-3) mm(2)/s is used as the threshold, its sensitivity is 83%, specificity is 98%, and accuracy is 94%. CONCLUSION: WB-DWI scan is capable of distinguishing uterine @entity2622 from normal uterine cervix, and is capable of separating metastatic nodes from benign nodes.

title: XXXX : whole-body diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['staging of uterine cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Staging of uterine cervical carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity1689 is characterized by acinar destruction and @entity82 . We previously reported that apoptosis is involved in acinar destruction in chronic @entity788 in the WBN/Kob @entity35 . This study aimed to elucidate the antiapoptotic effect of Saikokeishito ( @entity30035 ). METHODS: Four-week-old male WBN/Kob @entity35 were fed a special pellet diet ( @entity16634 ) with or without @entity30035 (80 mg/100 g body weight) for 20 weeks. @entity788 was histopathologically examined every 4 weeks, and the expression of apoptosis-related factors such as Fas and @entity23975 ( @entity23975 ) mRNA and protein was analyzed with RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was detected with a TUNEL method. RESULTS: In untreated WBN/Kob @entity35 , chronic @entity788 developed at 12 weeks and progressed with marked acinar cell destruction at 16 weeks. The expression of Fas and @entity23975 peaked at 12 and 20 weeks. An apoptotic index in acinar cells correlated to the expression of Fas and @entity23975 mRNA. However, in the @entity30035 -treated @entity35 , the rate of pancreatic acinar cell destruction, the apoptotic index at 12-20 weeks, and the expression of Fas and @entity23975 at 12 and 20 weeks decreased significantly compared to those in untreated @entity35 . CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity30035 has a therapeutic effect on chronic @entity788 by the suppression of acinar cell apoptosis via the Fas/ @entity23975 system.

title: Suppressive effect of herbal medicine saikokeishito on acinar cell apoptosis in @entity35 spontaneous chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis', 'Pancreas']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1689 :: ('MESH:D050500', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pancreatitis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: The purpose of this study was the assessment of clinical, biochemical, and histologic effects of intraarticular administered adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of @entity571 . @entity571 was induced arthroscopically in the middle carpal joint of all @entity1641 , the contralateral joint being sham-operated. All @entity1641 received treatment on Day 14. Eight @entity1641 received placebo treatment and eight @entity1641 received adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction in their @entity571 -affected joint. The final eight @entity1641 were treated the in @entity571 -affected joint with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Evaluations included clinical, radiographic, synovial fluid analysis, gross, histologic, histochemical, and biochemical evaluations. No adverse treatment-related events were observed. The model induced a significant change in all but two parameters, no significant treatment effects were demonstrated, with the exception of improvement in synovial fluid effusion @entity1421 levels with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells when compared to placebo. A greater improvement was seen with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells when compared to adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction and placebo treatment. Overall, the findings of this study were not significant enough to recommend the use of stem cells for the treatment of @entity571 represented in this model.

title: Evaluation of adipose-derived stromal vascular fraction or bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis', 'osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: @entity206 ( @entity1597 ) and @entity207 ( @entity6842 ) were studied alone and in combination to determine their effect in vitro on intracellular @entity3204 and in vivo against @entity19 @entity3252 . In the in vitro experiments, whereas 1 and 2 microgram/ml @entity1597 had no demonstrable effect on intracellular @entity3204 , 10-20 microgram/ml @entity1597 resulted in death of the intracellular organisms; concentrations as high as 100 microgram/ml @entity6842 had no demonstrable effect against the intracellular organisms. When used in combination, a significant synergistic effect was noted with 2 microgram/ml @entity1597 -50 microgram/ml @entity6842 . Studies on the kinetics of inhibition and/or killing of @entity3204 revealed that 18 hours of treatment with 2 microgram/ml @entity1597 -50 microgram/ml @entity6842 resulted in irreversible inhibition of the intracellular organisms. When used in vivo against a 50,000 LD100 dose of @entity3204 , @entity1597 fed by gavage or mixed in the diet had no effect in @entity19 @entity3252 at doses as high as 200 mg/kg a day. @entity6842 administered by gavage had no effect at doses up to 200 mg/kg a day; but at 300 and 400 mg/kg @entity6842 , protection was 47% and 83%, respectively. Treatment of infected @entity19 was continued for 14 consecutive days, whether the drugs were administered alone or in combination. The combination 200 mg/kg @entity1597 -200 mg/kg @entity6842 , when administered by gavage, protected 87% of @entity19 . Survival after 14 days of @entity6842 mixed in the diet was 0% at 100 mg/kg, 47% at 200 mg/kg, and 100% at 300 mg/kg. Survival with the combination was 40% for 200 mg/kg @entity1597 -100 mg/kg @entity6842 and 100% for 100 mg/kg @entity1597 -200 mg/kg @entity6842 . The half-life of @entity1597 in serum of Swiss Webster @entity19 was calculated to be 24 min. The results obtained in vivo were inferior to those obtainable with the combination of @entity4765 plus @entity4766 . The problems of interpretation of results obtained in the @entity19 model using @entity1597 - @entity6842 and in their extrapolation to the treatment of the infection in @entity1 are discussed.

title: The effect of @entity206 and @entity207 on XXXX in vitro and in vivo.

entities_list: @entity4766 :: ('MESH:D013411', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfadiazine']

entities_list: @entity4765 :: ('MESH:D011739', 'Chemical') :: ['pyrimethamine']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['Trimethoprim']

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['Toxoplasma', 'T. gondii', 'Toxoplasma gondii']

answer: @entity3204 :: (5811,Species) :: ['Toxoplasma gondii']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The primary goal of this study was to identify clinical risk factors, in addition to @entity425 , for @entity2045 in @entity1 with severe ischaemic supratentorial @entity64 . The secondary goal was to investigate the time course of @entity2045 in these @entity1 during the first 26 weeks post- @entity64 . DESIGN: Inception cohort. @entity1 : Forty-three consecutive @entity1 with an @entity64 and an initial @entity912 admitted to an academic hospital. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:                 <AbstractText Label="PRIMARY OUTCOME" NlmCategory="METHODS"> @entity4372 assessed by the Ashworth scale at week 26 post- @entity64 . Potential risks factors: motor functions assessed by the upper-extremity subscore of the Fugl-Meyer motor assessment, Barthel Index at week 1, consciousness, @entity132 , @entity1742 , neglect, and @entity2915 . Secondary outcome: time course of @entity2045 by assessing its prevalence at 6 consecutive moments post- @entity64 during a follow-up period of 26 weeks. RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 (63%) developed @entity4372 during the follow-up period of 26 weeks. During this period, the prevalence of @entity4372 followed a rather dynamic course, with cases of early, transient and late @entity4372 . Univariate analyses yielded none of the selected clinical characteristics as significantly associated with @entity4372 . CONCLUSION: Despite the high incidence of @entity4372 (63%) observed, none of the selected clinical characteristics could be identified as a risk factor for @entity4372 .

title: Are clinical characteristics associated with @entity2045 in severe ischaemic supratentorial XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute ischaemic supratentorial stroke']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbances']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['upper-extremity hypertonia']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['muscle weakness']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyper-reflexia']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypertonia']

entities_list: @entity912 :: ('MESH:D010243', 'Disease') :: ['upper-extremity paralysis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review and ambispective multicenter cohort study. OBJECTIVE: 1. To compare the effects of wide/marginal (en bloc) resection with intralesional resection on local recurrence and survival for @entity3580 and @entity511 of the spine. 2. To determine the influence of radiation therapy in the management of @entity3580 and @entity511 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity3580 and @entity511 of the spine are prone to local recurrence and @entity204 despite being low-grade @entity5 . No study to date has enough numbers or adequate scientific rigor to determine the influence of resection or radiation therapy on outcome. METHODS: A systematic review was performed to evaluate the 2 objectives. In addition an ambispective multicenter cohort analysis of @entity3580 and @entity511 was performed. The GRADE system of analysis integrating the results of the systematic review, the multicenter cohort study and the expert opinion of the Spine Oncology Study Group (SOSG) was used to arrive at treatment recommendations. RESULTS: A total of 63 articles were included in the systematic reviews. Evidence was low quality. En bloc resection appeared to improve both local recurrence and @entity3580 . Radiation therapy had a positive impact on the management of @entity3580 with predictably low side effects. The cohort analysis showed significantly decreased local recurrence for @entity353 (P < 0.0001) with en bloc resection, and significantly decreased @entity204 for both @entity353 (P = 0.0015) with en bloc resection. CONCLUSION: When wide or marginal margins (en bloc) are achieved in surgical resection of @entity3580 and @entity511 of the spine there is a decrease in local recurrence and mortality. Therefore, en bloc resection should be undertaken for the treatment of @entity3580 and @entity511 of the spine. Strong Recommendation, Moderate Quality Evidence.Radiation therapy of at least 60 to 65 Gy equivalents is indicated as an adjuvant treatment for @entity3580 and @entity511 of the spine when there has been incomplete resection or an intralesional margin. Weak Recommendation, Low Quality Evidence.

title: Challenges of local recurrence and cure in low grade XXXX of the spine.

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma', 'chondrosarcomas']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['Chordoma (P < 0.0001) and Chondrosarcoma', 'Chordoma (P = 0.0001) and Chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant tumors']

entities_list: @entity3580 :: ('MESH:D002817', 'Disease') :: ['disease free survival in Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma', 'Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma', 'Chordomas', 'chordomas', 'chordoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant tumors']


abstract: @entity74 and/or fetal genetic factors contribute to variations in response to prenatal @entity167 exposure. To assess the contribution of maternal genotype to @entity1068 teratogenesis, a reciprocal cross study was conducted in an animal model using C57BL/6J (B6) and @entity25 ( @entity25 ) @entity19 . B6 @entity19 are more susceptible than @entity25 @entity19 to prenatal @entity1068 -induced @entity600 but both @entity19 stocks are susceptible to fetal @entity353 following in utero @entity167 exposure. B6 and @entity25 dams were reciprocally mated to B6 or @entity25 males producing four embryonic genotype groups: the true-bred B6B6 and LSLS genotypes, and the genetically similar B6LS and LSB6 genotypes (the F1 genotype). Dams were intubated with either 5.8 g/kg @entity1068 (E) or an isocaloric amount of @entity969 (S) on day 9 of pregnancy. Fetuses were removed on gestation day 18, weighed, and assessed for soft tissue or skeletal @entity600 . Results showed a greater litter weight deficit and @entity600 rate in @entity1068 -exposed F1 litters carried by B6 mothers compared to @entity1068 -exposed F1 litters carried by @entity25 mothers. This result would be expected only if maternal genetic factors contribute significantly towards susceptibility to @entity1068 teratogenesis. The influence of the @entity25 mother was to decrease susceptibility to @entity1068 teratogenesis compared to the B6 mother while the influence of the B6 mother was to increase susceptibility to @entity1068 teratogenesis compared to the @entity25 mother. The average @entity600 rate for F1 litters was significantly less than the predicted midparental value. This shows that the F1 genotype exhibited dominance towards resistance to prenatal @entity167 effects.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Maternal genetic effects on @entity1068 teratogenesis and dominance of relative embryonic resistance to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight deficits']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'increased total malformation', 'malformation']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Maternal genetic factors']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['LS', 'long-sleep']

answer: @entity600 :: (MESH:D000014,Disease) :: ['malformations']


abstract: Thyroid disfunction in the aged is often misdiagnosed either due to scanty symptoms, masking by other ailments or because function tests can be altered by extrathyroid causes such as @entity102 , drugs or undernutrition. We surveyed 93 @entity1 from 60 to 104 years old (73 females) living in geriatric homes. Most received at least 2 drugs for control of @entity101 , @entity453 , @entity6 , @entity304 or @entity881 . No clinical evidence of @entity1374 was found in 75 @entity1 . T3 was 73.6 +/- 25.5 ng/dl, T4 7.3 +/- 1.8 micrograms/dl, TSH 2.8 +/- 0.9 uU/ml and rT3 32.2 +/- 16.3 ng/dl. Antimicrosomal antibodies were negative in all. Significant differences were found comparing these values with those obtained in 26 normal adults with mean age 39.9 years: T3 was lower and TSH and rT3 were higher in the elderly (p less than 0.0001). T3 decreased and rT3 increased in relation to age and males had significantly lower values of T3, T4 and TSH than females. Some evidence of @entity1374 was present in the remaining 18 @entity1 : 9 had multinodular and/or positive antimicrosomal antibodies with euthyroid hormone levels; 6 had elevated T3, T4 and fT4 so @entity1378 was suspected; the remaining 3 @entity1 had TSH levels above 20 uU/ml indicating the presence of @entity1375 of which only one had some clinical manifestation. Thus, @entity1374 in the elderly + is not uncommon (3.2% of @entity1378 and 2.6% @entity1375 in this series) in the absence of clinical manifestation. Treatment may improve the quality of life in these @entity1 .

title: [Problems in the diagnosis of XXXX of the elderly adult].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['psycho-organic deterioration']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disfunction']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid dysfunction']


abstract: The International Society of Gynecological Pathologists recently agreed on a classification of @entity1869 into two main groups; @entity1373 with and without atypia. The lesions were further subdivided into simple and @entity1373 . These guidelines were subsequently adopted by the World Health Organization. The disease is a result of @entity2931 /gestagen imbalance with @entity2931 overexpression. The most important prognostic factor is cellular atypia. Progress to @entity3 is seen in about 20% of the @entity1 with @entity1373 , and most frequently occurs in postmenopausal @entity1 . The treatment of @entity1869 depends on histologic type, @entity1 ' age and whether the @entity1373 is a result of endogenous or exogenous @entity2931 overexpression. The risk for progression to @entity3 is minimal in @entity2931 treated @entity1 with @entity1869 without atypia. @entity1 under 40 years of age in this group can safely be treated with gestagens. In postmenopausal @entity1 with @entity1869 with atypia, the recommended treatment is surgery including removal of the uterus and the ovaries.

title: [Endometrial XXXX --diagnosis and treatment].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasias', 'hyperplasia', 'complex hyperplasia', 'atypical hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['invasive cancer']

entities_list: @entity1869 :: ('MESH:D004714', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial hyperplasia', 'simple or complex hyperplasia']

answer: @entity1373 :: (MESH:D006965,Disease) :: ['hyperplasia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The @entity28 - @entity1555 relationship is complex. In 3045 middle-aged adults, we found that in @entity1 (but not @entity1 ) with discordant fat mass index (FMI)/BMI categories, higher body fat for BMI was associated with lower @entity1555 , suggesting that increased fat mass without an accompanying increase in lean mass may be deleterious to bone. INTRODUCTION: The relationship between @entity28 and @entity1555 is complex. FMI (fat mass (kg)   /   height (m)(2)) is a more accurate measure of fatness than BMI, and depending on body composition, some individuals have discordant BMI/FMI categories. We examined associations between FMI, BMI and @entity1555 in @entity1 in the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study. METHODS: Body composition and @entity1555 of the hip, spine and total body were measured using DXA in 3045 @entity1 (1644 females) aged 45-67  years. Using standard BMI/FMI categories, the @entity1 were classified as underweight/fat deficit, normal, overweight/excess fat, @entity28 . RESULTS: BMI and FMI categories were concordant in 77.3  % of females and 71.2  % of males. There were 12.9  % females and 13.2  % males in a higher FMI than BMI category (high body fat for BMI), whereas 9.8  % females and 15.6  % males were in a lower category (low body fat for BMI). Females with high body fat for BMI had significantly lower covariate-adjusted @entity1555 at the femoral neck, total hip and total body (differences of 3.8, 5.1 and 2.6  %, respectively, all P   <   0.05) than females with low body fat for BMI and lower total body @entity1555 than @entity1 with concordant FMI/BMI (by 1.4  %, P   =   0.04). In males, @entity1555 did not differ significantly between those who were concordant or discordant for FMI/BMI categories. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 (but not @entity1 ) with discordant FMI/BMI categories, higher body fat for BMI was associated with lower @entity1555 , suggesting that increased fat mass without an accompanying increase in lean mass may be deleterious to bone.

title: Discordance between fat mass index and body mass index is associated with reduced bone mineral density in @entity1 but not in XXXX : the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity', 'obese I and obese II-III']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: The spread of Bact. @entity281 throughout a population of thoroughbred @entity95 at a farm in New City, N. Y., was studied over a period of 2 years. The following observations are noteworthy. 1. 50 to 75 per cent of the total mortality was due to Bact. @entity281 . 2. About 50 per cent of the stock was affected locally with Bact. lepisepticum "snuffles." 3. "Snuffles" and mortality rates showed spring and fall rises and low points during the summer. 4. Carrier, morbidity, and mortality rates of various special breeds differed consistently and to a marked degree. All reflected the same seasonal fluctuations as the total population. 5. Individuals within each breed differed in their response to the presence of Bact. lepisepticum; some died of penumonia and @entity295 ; others developed the local @entity281 , "snuffles"; others became "healthy" carriers; and a few remained uninfected.

title: EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES ON RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS OF THE XXXX : IX. THE SPREAD OF BACTERIUM LEPISEPTICUM INFECTION AT A @entity95 FARM IN NEW CITY, N. Y. AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY.

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['nasal infection', 'lepisepticum infection']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['septicemia']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['RABBIT']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Poor homing efficiency is one of the major limitations of current stem cell therapy. Magnetic bionanoparticles (MPs) obtained from @entity33875 have a lipid bilayer membrane and ferromagnetic properties. We evaluated a novel priming strategy using MPs to enhance the homing of transplanted progenitor cells to target tissue. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Effects of @entity2468 on proliferation, viability, and migration of late @entity1 endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) were examined in vitro. Additionally, effects of @entity2468 on gene and protein expression related to survival and adhesion were evaluated. Homing and angiogenic efficiency of @entity2468 transferred late EPCs was evaluated in nude @entity19 hindlimb @entity63 model. RESULTS: Below threshold concentration, @entity2468 transfer did not influence proliferation or survival of late EPCs, but enhanced migration and trans-endothelial migration of late EPCs toward magnet. Below threshold concentration, @entity2468 transfer did not influence gene and protein expression related to survival. In the @entity19 hindlimb @entity63 model, late EPCs treated with high dose @entity2468 (5 ug/mL) showed enhanced homing of injected late EPCs in the @entity63 limb by magnet, compared to low dose @entity2468 (1 ug/mL) treated late EPCs. In addition, high dose @entity2468 transferred EPC showed significantly better improvement of perfusion in @entity63 limb compared to untreated EPC. CONCLUSION: @entity2468 transfer with magnet application can be a promising novel strategy to enhance homing efficacy and outcomes of current stem cell therapy.

title: Magnetic bionanoparticle enhances homing of endothelial progenitor cells in XXXX hindlimb @entity63 .

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity33875 :: ('342108', 'Species') :: ['Magnetospirillum sp. AMB-1']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: AIM: The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the results of the treatment of @entity7334 .4 mm LCP with regard to loss of reduction, clinical outcome and complications. @entity1 : @entity1 treated with a @entity1605 .4 mm LCP following a complex intra-articular distal radius fracture were assessed by clinical and radiological examination of both wrists, the Disability of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH) outcome instrument, Martini score and the pain Visual Analogue Scale score. Forty @entity1 (40 @entity174 : 5 type C1, 11 type C2, and 24 type C3 according to AO/OTA classification) were followed at a mean 18 months from the injury. RESULTS: Of the initial 40 @entity174 , 4 @entity174 required surgical revision (1 because of loss of reduction, 2 due to @entity174 as seen on the postoperative computer tomogram and 1 case of screw displacement in the radial shaft). Radiographs in the immediate postoperative period showed a radial inclination of 22.1 degrees, volar tilt of 7.2 degrees, and ulnar deviation of 0.2 mm (means). At follow-up examination, radial inclination was 23.8 degrees, volar tilt was 6.2 degrees and ulnar deviation was 0.9 mm (means). Average final wrist range of motion was significantly (p < 0.05) decreased in comparison to contralateral wrist. Average DASH and Martini scores were 18 and 27, respectively, with no significant differences between C1-, C2- and C3-type @entity174 . @entity1 who underwent a surgical revision had poorer Martini score. Complications were an EPL @entity397 , a tendon @entity146 and a @entity158 in a @entity1 who underwent revision. CONCLUSION: The treatment of @entity7334 .4 mm LCP provides sufficient fixation to prevent clinically significant @entity393 , acceptable @entity1 outcomes and minimal soft tissue complications.

title: Clinical and radiological outcomes after stabilisation of complex XXXX .4 mm LCP.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture incongruity']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritation']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['tendon rupture']

entities_list: @entity7334 :: ('MESH:D057072', 'Disease') :: ['intra-articular fractures with the volar 2', 'complex intra-articular distal radius fractures with the volar 2']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['complex regional pain syndrome']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of articular reduction']

answer: @entity7334 :: (MESH:D057072,Disease) :: ['intra-articular fractures of the distal radius with the volar 2']


abstract: We evaluated the clinical presentation and prognosis of three @entity1 with @entity631 ( @entity631 ) associated with @entity55 . The @entity1 database of Ni  o Jes  s @entity1 's Hospital was analyzed retrospectively (1996-2007) for @entity1 diagnosed at discharge with both @entity55 and @entity631 . Those with recent pharyngeal or cutaneous infection were excluded. Three @entity1 (1.67, 4.25, and 5 years old, respectively) were selected. All of them had @entity55 , developing both macrohematuria and @entity644 within 24 h after admission. Decreased glomerular filtration rate was found in one @entity1 . Two @entity1 developed arterial @entity101 and one a slight @entity1143 . Two @entity1 had low C3 levels, and one had both low C3 and C4 levels. A @entity328 serotype 17F was isolated from the blood culture of one @entity1 . On follow-up, all @entity1 had normal blood pressure and renal function with microhematuria persisting long term. Our @entity1 with @entity55 -associated @entity631 had a good prognosis for both @entity8 .

title: Acute @entity631 associated with XXXX : a review of three cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary and renal involvement']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia', 'lobar pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['acute glomerulonephritis', 'AGN']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: AIMS: In the @entity1187 setting, the interaction between epicardial @entity3979 and microcirculation subtended by the culprit vessel is poorly understood. The purpose of the present study was to assess the immediate impact of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on microvascular resistance (MR) in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: Thirty-eight @entity1 undergoing PCI for @entity583 were recruited consecutively. Culprit lesions were stented over a Doppler and pressure-sensor-equipped guidewire. In the presence of @entity850 , MR was calculated by taking collateral flow, as measured by the coronary wedge pressure, into consideration. After @entity850 , MR was calculated simply as distal coronary pressure divided by average peak velocity. When collateral flow was incorporated into the calculation, MR increased significantly from 1.70    0.76 to 2.05    0.72 (p=0.001) after PCI in the whole population. Periprocedural changes (/\) in absolute values of MR and troponin T correlated significantly (r=0.629, p=0.0001). In @entity1 who developed periprocedural @entity583 , MR increased significantly after PCI (1.48    0.73 versus 2.28    0.71, p<0.001). Nevertheless, @entity75 did not change MR in @entity1 without periprocedural MI (1.91  0.73 versus 1.81  0.67, p=0.1). CONCLUSIONS: When collateral flow is accounted for, @entity850 increases MR in @entity1 with @entity583 undergoing PCI.

title: Percutaneous coronary intervention increases microvascular resistance in @entity1 with non-ST-elevation XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['removal of the epicardial lesion']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['NSTEMI', 'myocardial infarction', 'non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['removal of epicardial stenosis', 'epicardial stenosis']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['acute coronary syndrome']


abstract: A 40-year-old unmarried male was referred to our hospital with anejaculation. His secondary sex characteristics, sexual function and ejaculation were previously normal but for the last 5 years he found it impossible to ejaculate even though he could achieve an erection. His genital stage was Tanner V, and pubic hair stage was Tanner III. There were no varicoceles or chromosomal aberrations. His testis volume was 10 ml on the right side and 12 ml on the left. His hormonal data were luleinizing hormone (LH) 0.3 mIU/ml (normal: 2.2-8.4 mIU/ml), fillicle stimulating hormone (FSH) 1.5 mIU/ ml (1.8-12 mIU/ml), @entity251 0.05 ng/ml (2.01-7.5 ng/ml). A gonadtropin releasing hormone (GnRH) test and @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) stimulation test revealed low responses of LH, FSH and a normal response of @entity251 . Magnetic resonance imaging of the head revealed @entity308 of the diaphragma sellae, indicating an " @entity4776 ". We diagnosed acquired @entity6126 related @entity4776 . An hCG replacement therapy was introduced and after 3 months the @entity1 's capacity to ejaculate was restored and testis volume was 14 ml on both sides. Six months after hormone replacement therapy, semen analysis revealed @entity3893 . Then we added r-hFSH to his treatment and expect his sperm to reappear.

title: [Acquired male hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (MHH) in a @entity1 with XXXX : a case report].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['slight depression']

entities_list: @entity4776 :: ('MESH:D004652', 'Disease') :: ['empty sella']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadtropic-hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

answer: @entity4776 :: (MESH:D004652,Disease) :: ['empty sella']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Following the evidence, the American Heart Association recently published a Science Advisory with the recommendation that @entity1 with @entity301 ( @entity301 ) should be screened for @entity308 and @entity308 . Also the @entity712 Guidelines recommend routine screening for @entity308 . Screening for @entity148 was not included in these recommendations, despite findings in literature suggesting that cardiac @entity1 are at risk for high levels of @entity148 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the current study is to obtain a realistic estimation of the consequences and implications of this advice for clinical practice. METHOD: Data on @entity148 , and @entity308 , need for help, demographics and disease related variables were collected in a cross-sectional study within a 2-month period (July-August 2008) at the cardiac outpatient clinic of the University Medical Center Groningen (The Netherlands). @entity1 : Data of 217 @entity1 were analyzed, mean age was 58years (  16) and 62% of the respondents were male. RESULTS: Of 217 @entity1 , 26% indicated to have @entity308 and 42% indicated elevated levels of @entity148 . About 35-50% of these @entity1 indicated a moderate to high need for help. The prevalence of @entity148 and @entity308 was mainly associated with demographic factors and the occurrence of stressful life events. CONCLUSION: Routine screening will put an increased demand on psychosocial diagnostics and treatment, therefore the availability of professionals should be guaranteed in advance.

title: The advisory brought to practice: routine screening on @entity308 (and XXXX ) in @entity301 ; consequences and implications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['Heart Failure']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'Coronary Heart Disease']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Previous studies have shown that @entity1378 was related to @entity7025 and @entity7244 . However, it is not clear whether thyroid hormone or thyroid autoantibodies was associated with them. AIMS AND/OR HYPOTHESIS: Thyroid autoimmunity was previously shown to be associated with @entity7025 . Our study aimed to investigate the association between thyroid autoantibodies and @entity7244 in young @entity385 @entity1 with apparent euthyroid states. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed first-onset @entity385 @entity1 (age    <=55 years old) consecutively admitted to a single academic center. Intracranial large @entity2791 was defined as >= 50% luminal diameter narrowing. We compared demographic profiles, risk factors (age, @entity101 , @entity6 , current smoker, @entity955 , @entity407 ), thyroid function test, and thyroid autoantibodies including antithyroperoxidase antibody and antithyroglobulin antibody between @entity1 with and without @entity7244 . We also performed multivariate logistic regression analysis to evaluate the association between thyroid autoantibodies and @entity7244 . RESULTS: A total of 351 @entity1 were analyzed. The mean age of the @entity1 was 47  0        7  7 (range, 10-55 years), and 252 (71  8%) @entity1 were male. We identified @entity7244 in 121 (34  5%) @entity1 . @entity1 with @entity7244 showed a higher frequency of elevated antithyroperpxidase antibody levels in comparison with nonintracranial large @entity2791 group (16  5% vs. 3  9%, P   <   0  001). After adjusting for covariates, the presence of elevated antithyroperpxidase antibody levels (odds ratio: 5  318; 95% confidence interval: 2  157-13  110, P   <   0  001), age (odds ratio: 1  037; 95% confidence interval: 1  002-1  073, P   =   0  039), and @entity955 (odds ratio: 0  091; 95% confidence interval: 0  011-0  756, P   =   0  027) was independently associated with @entity7244 . CONCLUSIONS: Thyroid autoantibodies may be associated with the presence of @entity7244 in young @entity64 @entity1 , potentially providing insight on immune pathogenesis of @entity7244 .

title: Elevated thyroid autoantibodies and intracranial stenosis in XXXX at an early age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial large artery stenosis', 'intracranial artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity2791 :: ('MESH:D012078', 'Disease') :: ['artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthyroidism']

entities_list: @entity7025 :: ('MESH:D009072', 'Disease') :: ['Moyamoya disease']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity3446 -eluting stents (SES) have been demonstrated to reduce restenosis. However, there have been few studies evaluating the impact of @entity177 on the angiographic as well as clinical outcomes after SES implantation. METHODS: This study was composed of 304 consecutive @entity1 having 361 lesions who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with SES. The @entity1 were divided into 3 groups according to renal function (group 1 [n = 204]; @entity1011 clearance (Ccr) > or = 60 ml/min, group 2 [n = 69]; Ccr < 60 ml/min, group 3 [n = 31]; hemodialysis). Clinical and angiographic follow-up were evaluated at 8 months. RESULTS: Clinical follow-up was obtained in all @entity1 and angiographic follow-up was obtained in 283 @entity1 (93.1%). @entity1 in group 3 showed a higher incidence of previous coronary artery bypass graft surgery, and there were more female gender, @entity101 , and less @entity407 in this group. Late lumen loss at 8 months was significantly different among the 3 groups (group 1; 0.16 +/- 0.46 mm, group 2; 0.44 +/- 0.62 mm, group 3; 0.81 +/- 0.88 mm, P < 0.0001). Major adverse @entity299 (MACE) were documented in 22 @entity1 (10.8%) in group 1, 13 @entity1 (18.8%) in group 2, and 12 @entity1 (38.7%) in group 3, respectively (P = 0.0002). CONCLUSION: Neointimal growth following SES implantation is more pronounced in @entity1 with @entity177 , especially those undergoing dialysis, compared with @entity1 with normal renal function. Regardless of the beneficial effect of SES, the increased risk of MACE mainly due to high incidence of target vessel revascularization in the subgroup of @entity1 with @entity177 should be taken into account.

title: Impact of XXXX on clinical and angiographic outcomes following percutaneous coronary intervention with @entity3446 -eluting stents.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['Sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity177 :: (MESH:D051437,Disease) :: ['renal insufficiency']


abstract: This study aimed to investigate the preliminary results achieved with a modified distal first metatarsal osteotomy (reversed L-shaped) for correction of moderate and severe @entity4553 . This prospective study included 31 @entity1 (39 feet) with a mean age of 56 years. All @entity1 underwent a reversed L-shaped osteotomy of the first metatarsal. At follow-up all @entity1 were reviewed clinically and radiologically. @entity1 were categorized into two groups (MTP angle A: < 20 degrees, and B: 20-40 degrees). The AOFAS score improved from 53 points to 91 points at follow-up (p < 0.0001). Group A showed an increase from 56 to 90 points (p = 0.003), group B from 52 to 92 points (p < 0.0001). The mean 1-2-inter-metarsal angle (IMA) decreased from 12.5 degrees preoperatively to 8 degrees at follow-up (p < 0.005): from from 11 degrees to 9 degrees in group A (p = 0.09) and from from 13 degrees to 7 degrees in Group B (p < 0.0001). No nonunion or avascular @entity39 was observed. One @entity6 @entity1 developed a resistant @entity86 . The L-shaped osteotomy provided good and excellent clinical as well as radiological results in the mild and moderate-to-severe @entity4553 treated. The mid- and long-term effect of this @entity164 needs to be further investigated.

title: Treatment of XXXX : preliminary results with a modified distal metatarsal osteotomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity4553 :: ('MESH:D006215', 'Disease') :: ['hallux valgus deformities']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative infection']

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['type of osteotomy']

answer: @entity4553 :: (MESH:D006215,Disease) :: ['hallux valgus deformity']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare early and late outcome of @entity1 with @entity340 treated medically versus surgically and to determine predictors of in-hospital @entity204 . We retrospectively reviewed @entity1 's clinical records, including laboratory findings, surgery, and pathologic files, in an acute-care, 1200-bed teaching hospital. METHODS: One hundred thirty-three episodes of definite @entity340 as defined by the Duke University diagnostic criteria occurred in 122 @entity1 from January 1986 to December 2005. Logistic regression model was used to identify prognostic factors of in-hospital mortality. Long-term follow-up was made to assess late prognosis. RESULTS: Bioprostheses were involved in 52% of cases and mechanical valves in 48%. The aortic valve was affected in 45% of @entity1 . @entity5938 was isolated in 23% of cases, Streptococcus spp in 21%, @entity794 in 13%, and Enterococcus in 8%. Cultures were negative in 18% of cases. Twenty-six @entity1 were treated medically and 107 with combined antibiotics and valve replacement. The operative mortality was 6.5% and the in-hospital mortality, 29%. Presence of an abscess at echocardiography, urgent surgical treatment, @entity712 , @entity882 , and @entity177 were significant predictors of in-hospital @entity204 . Kaplan-Meier survival at 12 months was 42% in @entity1 treated medically and 71% in those treated surgically (P = .0007). Freedom from @entity884 was 91% at the end of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: @entity340 is a serious condition with high mortality. @entity1 with @entity733 had a worse prognosis, and combined surgical and medical treatment could be the preferred approach to improve outcome.

title: Clinical course and predictors of XXXX in @entity340 over a 20-year period.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5938 :: ('1282', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus epidermidis']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity733 :: ('MESH:D000038', 'Disease') :: ['perivalvular abscess']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['prosthetic valve endocarditis', 'Prosthetic valve endocarditis']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: The new enzyme-targeting radiosensitization treatment, Kochi @entity273 -Radiation Therapy for Unresectable @entity189 , type II (KORTUC II), markedly enhances the radiotherapeutic effect of treatment for various types of locally advanced @entity5 . @entity1 who had declined surgical treatment and systemic chemotherapy, as well as a total of 14 @entity0 @entity1 , were enrolled. A maximum of 6 ml of KORTUC II was injected into @entity5 tissue twice a week under ultrasonographic guidance, immediately prior to each administration of radiation therapy. The median observation period was 21.6 months with a range of 4-48 months, and the therapy was well tolerated. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging and @entity419 positron emission computed tomography revealed that all primary @entity0 completely responded, and none of the subjects experienced local recurrence during the observation period. Ultrasonography depicted @entity5 -like findings in 2/14 cases after therapy. The intratumoral flow signal on color-Doppler sonography was positive in 4/14 cases before therapy, and the signal disappeared from all cases after therapy. The absence of a flow signal after therapy suggested that the @entity5 -like findings on ultrasonography were from scar tissue. Excellent local control based on accurate radiological evaluation implies that KORTUC II has the potential to replace surgery as a therapeutic option for @entity0 . Precise evaluation by various radiological modalities helped to gage the success of this therapy.

title: Non-surgical therapy and radiologic assessment of @entity0 treatment with novel enzyme-targeting radiosensitization: Kochi XXXX -Radiation Therapy for Unresectable @entity189 , type II (KORTUC II).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['stage I breast cancer', 'breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['[(18)F]-fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinomas']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['Oxydol']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the feasibility of a 12-week Internet-based self-management program of disease-specific information, self-management strategies, and social support with telephone support for youth with @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ) and their parents, aimed at reducing physical and emotional symptoms and improving health-related quality of life (HRQOL). METHODS: A nonblind pilot randomized controlled trial (NCT01011179) was conducted to test the feasibility of the "Teens Taking Charge: Managing @entity625 Online" Internet intervention across 4 tertiary-level centers in Canada. @entity1 were 46 adolescents with @entity4932 , ages 12 to 18 years, and 1 parent for each @entity1 , who were randomized to the control arm (n = 24) or the Internet intervention (n = 22). RESULTS: The 2 groups were comparable on demographic and disease-related variables and treatment expectation at baseline. Attrition rates were 18.1% and 20.8%, respectively, from experimental and control groups. Ninety-one percent of @entity1 randomized to the experimental group completed all 12 online modules and weekly phone calls with a coach in an average of 14.7 weeks (SD 2.1). The control group completed 90% of weekly attention-control phone calls. The Internet treatment was rated as acceptable by all youth and their parents. In posttreatment the experimental group had significantly higher knowledge (p < 0.001, effect size 1.32) and lower average weekly @entity158 intensity (p = 0.03, effect size 0.78). There were no significant group differences in HRQOL, self-efficacy, adherence, and stress posttreatment. CONCLUSION: Findings support the feasibility (acceptability, compliance, and user satisfaction) and initial efficacy of Internet delivery of a self-management program for improving disease-specific knowledge and reducing @entity158 in youth with @entity4932 .

title: An internet-based self-management program with telephone support for adolescents with XXXX : a pilot randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['Arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA', 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the phenotype and genotype of a Chinese @entity1 and his family affected by @entity5357 . METHODS: The proband, a @entity1 , was the first @entity1 born to a non-consanguineous couple. He showed @entity427 after birth and progressive psychomotor regression from the age of 8 months. From the age of 16 months, he presented @entity410 . When he was admitted at 17 months old, severe @entity1032 and weakness were observed. Fundus examination revealed bilateral cherry-red spots in the macula and @entity1952 . Cranial MRI revealed abnormal signals in the thalamus, basal ganglia and white matter. Enzymatic assay and genetic testing were performed for the diagnosis. His mother visited us at 18 weeks of pregnancy seeking for prenatal diagnosis. @entity17883 gene diagnosis to the fetus was performed by direct sequencing. RESULTS: Significant @entity5357 (A and B) activity in peripheral leucocytes of the @entity1 (0.0 nmol/h/mg compared with normal control, 41.9 to 135.1 nmol/h/mg) supported the diagnosis of @entity5357 . On his @entity17883 gene, two mutations were found. @entity29503 ( @entity29504 ) was novel. c.IVS7-48T was a reported mutation. Now, the @entity1 was 2 years and 3 months old, with @entity177 , severe @entity302 , @entity1939 and @entity4372 . Subsequently, the mother visited us at 18 weeks of pregnancy seeking for prenatal diagnosis. @entity17883 gene analysis of the amniocytes was performed by direct sequencing. Both of the two mutations were not detected from cultured amniocytes. The result revealed that the fetus was not affected by @entity5357 . A healthy @entity1 , the sibling of the proband, was born in term. Postnatal enzyme analysis and genetic analysis of the cord blood cells confirmed the prenatal diagnosis. CONCLUSION: One novel mutation on @entity17883 gene was identified. Prenatal diagnosis to the fetus of this family was performed by amniocytes gene analysis.

title: [ XXXX gene study and prenatal diagnosis for a family affected by @entity5357 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['girl', 'patient', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['progressive general failure']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['blindness']

entities_list: @entity5357 :: ('MESH:D012497', 'Disease') :: ['Sandhoff disease', 'deficient total b-hexosaminidase', 'infantile Sandhoff disease']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity4372 :: ('MESH:D009122', 'Disease') :: ['hypermyotonia']

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['startle reaction']

answer: @entity17883 :: (3074,Gene) :: ['HEXB']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the relationship between the degree of cervical @entity3207 and @entity32 in @entity1 presenting with a midtrimester short cervix. STUDY DESIGN: Amniocentesis was performed on singleton pregnancies between 16-24 weeks' gestation with a sonographic @entity3799 ( @entity3799 ) </= 25 mm. The fluid was assayed for 25 cytokines. Spearman correlations were used to determine which cytokines correlate with @entity3799 . Stepwise regression identified the most significant cytokine and a receiver operating characteristic curve determined the @entity3799 cutoff predictive of @entity32 . RESULTS: In all, 109 amniotic fluid samples were analyzed. Most (21 of 25) cytokines were inversely correlated to @entity3799 . @entity2842 was the most significant by stepwise regression. Using a cutoff of @entity2842 > 1500 pg/mL, @entity3799 of 5 mm had an 86% sensitivity, 85% specificity, 58% positive predictive value, and 96% negative predictive value to predict elevated @entity2842 levels. After excluding @entity1 with @entity281 or labor, findings were similar. CONCLUSION: @entity3799 </= 5 mm is associated with significant increases in amniotic fluid inflammatory cytokines, even in the absence of @entity281 or labor. In the future, differentiation of those with and without @entity32 may aid in choosing therapy directed at the cause of cervical @entity3207 .

title: Is midtrimester short cervix a sign of XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'intraamniotic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3207 :: ('MESH:C535850', 'Disease') :: ['shortening']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['MCP-1', 'Monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['intraamniotic infection', 'infection']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical length', 'CL']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['intraamniotic inflammation']


abstract: The incidence and prognosis of @entity9292 were investigated in a prospective study comprising 136 @entity1 operated on for @entity30 . The incidence of @entity9292 was 27 of 136 (20%), in @entity1 with classical disease 12 of 68 (18%), and in those with @entity30 15 of 68 (22%). A @entity292 preceded the intestinal manifestation of the disease in 6 @entity1 . At the time of diagnosis of @entity30 were observed in 19 cases, including 3 of the 6 with early onset which had resisted treatment and remained active. Five @entity1 developed @entity75 during the course of the disease, all but 2 in temporal relationship to an intestinal recurrence. Of the 27 @entity1 with @entity9292 , 11 were of the low-anal type, whereas 14 were anorectal. Conventional laying open of the @entity292 was undertaken in all @entity1 with classical @entity30 in close conjunction with resection of the @entity1944 . On local surgical treatment 10 of 12 (89%) healed with preservation of continence. Four recurrent @entity292 occurring in conjunction with intestinal recurrence also healed uneventfully. Laying open was undertaken in 11 of the 15 @entity1 with @entity1960 . Healing was obtained in only 4 of these @entity1 . In the remaining 4 severe @entity1960 indicated immediate proctocolectomy. Occurrence of @entity292 involved a significant delay in perineal healing after proctectomy. It is concluded that traditional laying open of an anal @entity292 in @entity1 with classical @entity30 is followed by high rate of uneventful healing. In contrast, local surgical treatment of @entity9292 complicating @entity30 is usually unsuccessful.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity9292 in XXXX : incidence and outcome of surgical treatment.

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['anal lesions']

entities_list: @entity9292 :: ('MESH:D012003', 'Disease') :: ['anal fistulas']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease anal fistulas", "Crohn's colitis", "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The study investigates one-year mortality risk associated with @entity173 in elderly @entity1 , and pre- @entity174 characteristics and events occurring during the acute phase which may represent significant predictors for acute and long-term mortality. METHODS: The study is a prospective cohort study of 252 @entity1 aged 70 and older, consecutively admitted with @entity173 to the Division of Orthopedic Surgery of the Galliera Hospital of Genoa, Italy. At admission, each subject received a standardized diagnostic evaluation, including demographic variables, biochemical markers of nutritional status and basic medical, functional and cognitive assessment. @entity1 were followed by telephone interviews at three months, six months and one year after @entity174 . The relationship between mortality and the risk factors recorded was assessed using logistic regression models. RESULTS: 248 @entity1 were eligible. Cumulative mortality was 4.8% during hospital stay, and 12.5% at 3, 18.9% at 6 and 24% at 12 months. The risk factors significantly associated with mortality were: sex, Acute Physiology Score (APS), comorbidity, functional and cognitive status, and albumin levels. In multivariate models, albumin below 3 g/dL remained the only significant predictor of in-hospital mortality (OR 6,8, 95% CI 1.56-29,7, p<0.001); functional status and comorbidity were significant risk factors of mortality after 6 and 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: These findings confirm the important role of serum albumin in assessing in-hospital health status and defining its role as a strong predictor of early and late mortality after hospital discharge. They also emphasize the effects of comorbidity and functional impairment on long-term mortality after @entity173 . Identifying these predictive factors may be helpful in improving case management during hospital stay and more accurate discharge planning.

title: Predictors of mortality after XXXX : results from 1-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: PURPOSE: Screening for @entity420 ( @entity420 ) has not become policy in part over concerns in identifying the high-risk group. It is often claimed that a significant proportion of @entity1 developing @entity420 do not report preexisting @entity304 or prior treatment for @entity354 ( @entity354 ). As such, our aim was to assess the prevalence of @entity354 , @entity7080 inhibitor (PPI) use and @entity355 ( @entity355 ) and their impact on survival in @entity1 undergoing esophagectomy for @entity420 . METHODS: The study population consisted of 345 consecutive @entity1 who underwent esophagectomy for @entity420 between 2000 and 2011 at a university-based medical center. @entity1 with a diagnosis of @entity1721 and those who underwent esophagectomy for benign disease were excluded. The prevalence of preoperative @entity354 , defined as presence of heartburn, regurgitation or @entity158 , PPI use (>6 months) and @entity355 , defined by the phrases " @entity355 ," "intestinal epithelium," "specialized epithelium," or "goblet cell metaplasia" in the @entity1 ' preoperative clinical notes were retrospectively collected. Overall long-term and stage-specific survival was compared in @entity1 with and without the presence of preoperative @entity354 , PPI use, or @entity355 . RESULTS: The majority of @entity1 (64%; 221/345) had preoperative @entity354 and a history of PPI use (52%; 179/345). A preoperative diagnosis of @entity355 was present in 34% (118/345) of @entity1 . Kaplan-Meier survival analysis revealed a marked survival advantage in @entity1 undergoing esophagectomy who had preoperative @entity354 , PPI use or @entity355 diagnosis (P  <= .001). The survival advantage remained when stratified for American Joint Committee on @entity5 stage in @entity1 with  preoperative PPI use (P = .015) but was less pronounced in @entity1 with @entity354 or @entity355 (P  = .136 and P = .225, respectively). CONCLUSION: These data show that the oft-quoted statistic that the majority of @entity1 with @entity420 do not report preexisting @entity354 or PPI use is false. Furthermore, a diagnosis of @entity355 is present in a surprisingly high proportion of @entity1 (34%). There is a distinct survival advantage in @entity1 with preoperative @entity354 , PPI use, and @entity355 diagnosis, which may not be simply owing to earlier stage at diagnosis. Screening may affect survival outcomes in more @entity1 with @entity420 than previously anticipated.

title: @entity354 , proton-pump inhibitor use and @entity355 in XXXX : Trends revisited.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['reflux symptoms']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['BE', "Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease', 'GERD', 'GERD symptoms']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma', 'EAC']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma']


abstract: Although electroacupuncture (EA) is widely used to treat @entity158 , its mechanisms have not been completely understood. The present study investigated the descending inhibitory system involvement in EA action. Inflammatory @entity158 was induced by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant subcutaneously into one hind paw of @entity35 with @entity75 and sham-operated @entity35 . EA treatment, 10 Hz at 3 mA, was given twice for 20 min each, once immediately post- and again 2 h post-Freund's adjuvant at GB 30, at the junction of the lateral 1/3 and medial 2/3 of the distance between the greater trochanter and sacral hiatus. For sham EA control, acupuncture needles were inserted bilaterally into GB 30 without electrical or manual stimulation. Paw withdrawal latency to a noxious thermal stimulus was measured at baseline and 20 min after EA treatment. Compared to sham EA, EA significantly (P<0.05, n=9) increased withdrawal latency of the inflamed hind paws in the sham-operated @entity35 but not in those with @entity75 , indicating that lesioning blocked EA-produced anti- @entity1931 . EA, compared to sham EA, also significantly inhibited @entity5019 expression in laminae I-II of the spinal cord in the sham-operated @entity35 (58.4+/-6.5 vs. 35.2+/-5.4 per section) but not in those with @entity75 . Further, EA activated @entity750 - and @entity5733 -containing neurons in the nucleus raphe magnus and locus coeruleus that project to the spinal cord. The results demonstrate that EA inhibits transmission of noxious messages and @entity1931 by activating supraspinal neurons that project to the spinal cord.

title: Electroacupuncture suppresses XXXX and spinal @entity5019 expression by activating the descending inhibitory system.

entities_list: @entity1931 :: ('MESH:D006930', 'Disease') :: ['hyperalgesia']

entities_list: @entity5733 :: ('D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['dorsolateral funiculus lesions']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity1931 :: (MESH:D006930,Disease) :: ['hyperalgesia']