abstract: @entity1 who undergo allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) are clinically immunodeficient for a prolonged period after engraftment. In the present study, we examined immune function after BMT in a series of @entity1 who had received HLA compatible sibling marrow grafts purged of T cells with anti- @entity7279 monoclonal antibody and complement. None of the @entity1 in this analysis received immunomodulating agents and none had developed @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). Initially after BMT, natural killer (NK) cells are the predominant cell type, giving way to CD3+, @entity5893 + T cells after 4 to 8 weeks. Despite the return of normal numbers of T lymphocytes post-BMT phenotypic analysis reveals several long-term abnormalities, including an inverted T4:T8 ratio and a significant fraction of CD3+ T cells that do not co-express @entity7279 . In mitogenic assays, stimulation by either nonspecific lectin (phytohemagglutinin; @entity8990 ) or antibodies to the @entity3138 surface structure (anti-T11(2) + anti-T11(3)) results in decreased levels of T-cell proliferation compared with controls for over 18 months post-BMT. In contrast, the ability of unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) to respond to recombinant @entity1199 ( @entity5041 ) is relatively intact, most likely reflecting early functional reconstitution of the NK cell population. To further characterize the prolonged abnormalities in T-cell proliferation after @entity8990 or @entity3138 stimulation, we examined more proximal events in T-cell activation such as induction of @entity3647 expression and stimulus-induced intracellular @entity460 flux. We found that the induction of @entity3647 ( @entity2902 ) after in vitro activation, although initially abnormal, recovers completely by 6 months post-BMT. We also found that, after @entity3138 stimulation, @entity460 flux in T cells was normal immediately after engraftment. In contrast, after stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies, a large population of T cells do not develop intracellular @entity460 flux compared with controls. We conclude that despite the recovery of normal numbers of T lymphocytes early after engraftment of @entity7279 -depleted marrow, these T cells exhibit several physiologic and functional abnormalities that persist for varying intervals post-BMT. At present, it is unclear which of these specific defects is most closely associated with increased susceptibility to infectious agents after BMT.

title: Reconstitution of T-cell function after XXXX -depleted allogeneic bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity7279 :: (923,Gene) :: ['CD6']


abstract: To investigate the effects of @entity935 (DA) on the release of @entity2041 ( @entity2197 ) from astrocytes, we used astroglia-rich primary cultures from the brains of newborn @entity35 . In the absence of DA, @entity2197 accumulated in the medium of these cultures with a constant rate. In contrast, during incubation of the cells with 50 micro m DA extracellular @entity2197 was not detectable anymore. This disappearance of extracellular @entity2197 was prevented by @entity224 dismutase, indicating that DA does not affect @entity2197 release but rather reacts with the released @entity2197 in a @entity224 -dependent reaction. Incubation of astroglial cultures with 0.5 and 1 mm DA established almost constant extracellular concentrations of @entity274 of 5 microm and 15 microm, respectively. Under these conditions astroglial cultures release @entity52822 ( @entity9492 ). This @entity9492 export was blocked by catalase and by @entity7359 , an inhibitor of the @entity24071 . The effects of DA on the extracellular accumulations of @entity2197 and @entity9492 were not modulated by inhibitors of DA receptors, DA transport, and @entity1154 oxidases. The other @entity2661 adrenaline and @entity1063 showed similar effects on the accumulation of @entity2197 and @entity9492 in the medium compared with those obtained for DA. In conclusion, the data presented demonstrate that DA affects astroglial @entity2197 metabolism by two mechanisms: (i) directly by chemical reaction with extracellular @entity2197 , and (ii) indirectly by generation of @entity273 that leads to the efflux of @entity9492 from astroglial cells. These observations are discussed in the context of the brain's @entity2197 metabolism in @entity191 .

title: Effects of @entity935 on the @entity2041 metabolism of cultured astroglial cells: implications for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity52822 :: ('CHEBI:17858', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione disulphide']

entities_list: @entity2041 :: ('MESH:D005978', 'Chemical') :: ['glutathione']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease"]

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity1154 :: ('CHEBI:25375', 'Chemical') :: ['monoamine']

entities_list: @entity24071 :: ('24565(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['multidrug resistance protein 1']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate post-operative @entity158 intensity, analgesic consumption and the incidence of @entity1118 in @entity1 after different types of @entity0 surgery. @entity1 were randomized to either @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 or nurse-administered @entity1337 . @entity4784 was registered for 24 h. A division of the @entity1 -material into four subgroups was performed: (1) mastectomy; (2) mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection; (3) mastectomy and reconstruction; and (4) mastectomy, reconstruction and axillary lymph node dissection. Visual analogue scale was used to measure @entity158 intensity. Four years after surgery, a questionnaire regarding persistent @entity158 was completed. @entity1 undergoing reconstruction scored higher @entity158 levels than the others. @entity1 -controlled @entity1337 provided better @entity158 relief but also considerably higher consumption of opioids by the @entity1 who underwent breast reconstruction. The incidence of remaining @entity158 was 25% after 3-4 years. Immediate breast reconstruction causes severe post-operative @entity158 that can respond poorly to opioids. @entity1118 after @entity0 surgery is common and should be further analysed aiming at better prevention and treatment options.

title: Immediate reconstruction in XXXX surgery requires intensive post-operative @entity158 treatment but the effects of axillary dissection may be more predictive of @entity1118 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['Opioid-consumption']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic pain', 'chronic pain']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Studies show that intramuscular @entity1425 results in peak plasma concentrations of @entity1425 faster than the subcutaneous route, and therefore, @entity1425 is recommended to be administered intramuscularly. The objective of this study was to determine if the needle length on @entity1425 auto-injectors is adequate to deliver @entity1425 intramuscularly in @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 between the ages of 1 and 12 years who presented to a @entity1 's hospital were enrolled in the study. Ultrasound was used to determine the depth from the skin to the vastus lateralis muscle. The @entity1 's body mass index was recorded. The data were analyzed using simple descriptive statistics, and logistic regression was used to identify variables that might predict whether or not the needle length was exceeded. RESULTS: A total of 256 @entity1 were enrolled. Of these, 158 @entity1 weighed less than 30 kilograms and would be prescribed the 0.15 mg @entity1425 auto-injector. Nineteen of these @entity1 (12%) had a skin to muscle surface distance of >(1/2)'' and would not receive @entity1425 intramuscularly from current auto-injectors. There were 98 @entity1 weighing >or=30 kilograms who would receive the 0.3 mg @entity1425 auto-injector. Of these 98 @entity1 , a total of 29 (30%) had a skin to muscle surface distance of >(5/8)'' and would not receive @entity1425 intramuscularly. CONCLUSION: The needle on @entity1425 auto-injectors is not long enough to reach the muscle in a significant number of @entity1 . Increasing the needle length on the auto-injectors would increase the likelihood that more @entity1 receive @entity1425 by the recommended intramuscular route.

title: XXXX auto-injectors: is needle length adequate for delivery of @entity1425 intramuscularly?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'children', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

answer: @entity1425 :: (MESH:D004837,Chemical) :: ['Epinephrine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity348 ( @entity348 ) has become an established procedure to relieve @entity158 and to increase the range of motion of the destructed elbow in @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ). However, some @entity1 still have limited extension after @entity348 , and the causes of limited extension after @entity348 have yet to be elucidated. METHODS: To examine whether widening of the joint space can cause such limited extension, we retrospectively analyzed 55 cases of linked @entity348 in @entity1 with @entity309 . There were seven male and 40 female with a mean age of 63.8 years (range, 30-80 years) and a mean follow-up of 7.5        4.2 years (range, 2.5-15.6 years). The Mayo Elbow Performance Score (MEPS) and radiological measurements were recorded. Widening of the joint space was calculated by subtracting the length measured on postoperative radiograph from preoperative radiograph. RESULTS: MEPS and range of motion were significantly improved after surgery except for extension. The degree of extension was significantly correlated with radiological widening of the joint space in the limited extension group. Correlation analyses showed that postoperative limited extension was correlated with lower MEPS daily function. CONCLUSIONS: Limited extension after linked @entity348 is partly derived from perioperative widening of the joint space and potentially limits daily function in @entity1 with @entity309 .

title: Limited extension after linked total elbow arthroplasty in XXXX with @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['TEA', 'Total elbow arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Glucocorticoids are commonly used for treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases, while a number of @entity1 show insensitivity to glucocorticoid treatment. The molecular basis of these individual differences in glucocorticoid pharmacodynamics has little been taken into account. Here we focus on the implication of @entity794 -producing superantigen, such as @entity137 toxin-1 (TSST-1), in the glucocorticoid sensitivity of @entity1 peripheral blood mononuclear cells and cell-response to glucocorticoid to produce a transcript for @entity1140 -binding protein (FKBP51). Peripheral blood mononuclear cell-sensitivity to glucocorticoid was assessed by a cell proliferation test. FKBP51mRNA expressions were determined by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). We also compared concentrations of various cytokines produced in culture supernatant between concanavalin A- and TSST-1-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells using a cytometric beads array. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with concanavalin A and TSST-1 was analyzed by a cell-based ELISA. @entity617 markedly inhibited concanavalin A-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, but they scarcely inhibited TSST-1-induced peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation. The mean (S.D.) of immunosuppressant concentrations that would give 50% (IC(50)) values for @entity617 in concanavalin A-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells was 52.6 (54.2) ng/ml, which was significantly lower than that in TSST-1-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells, i.e., 574.2 (817.0) ng/ml (P<0.001). TSST-1-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells for 48 h attenuated @entity617 -induced FKBP51mRNA expressions concomitantly with decreased sensitivity to the anti-proliferative effects of @entity617 . Concentrations of @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) produced from TSST-1-stimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were significantly higher than that from peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated with concanavalin A (P<0.0001). Both concanavalin A and TSST-1 enhanced the phosphorylation of @entity3963 ( @entity3963 ) and @entity1435 , whereas the level of @entity4675 ( @entity4675 ) phosphorylation was only increased by TSST-1-stimulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Furthermore, the decreased FKBP51mRNA by TSST-1was found to be recovered by @entity4675 and mitogen-activated protein kinase ( @entity8047 )/ @entity3963 inhibitors. Our data suggest that TSST-1 reduces activity of glucocorticoid in peripheral blood mononuclear cells by @entity4675 activation and subsequent production of @entity1199 . Therefore, @entity4675 might be an attractive target for overcoming glucocorticoid insensitivity induced by TSST-1 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

title: @entity794 -superantigen decreases FKBP51 mRNA expression and cell-response to suppressive efficacy of a glucocorticoid in XXXX peripheral blood mononuclear cells: possible implication of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxic shock syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3963 :: ('5594', 'Gene') :: ['extracellular signal-regulated kinase', 'ERK']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity4675 :: ('5599', 'Gene') :: ['c-jun terminal kinase', 'JNK']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisolone', 'prednisolone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Targeted speech therapy can lead to substantial naming improvement in some subjects with @entity5547 following dominant-hemisphere @entity64 . We investigated whether treatment-induced improvement in naming is associated with poststroke preservation of structural neural network architecture. METHODS: Twenty-four @entity1 with poststroke chronic @entity2026 underwent 30 hours of speech therapy over a 2-week period and were assessed at baseline and after therapy. Whole brain maps of neural architecture were constructed from pretreatment diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging to derive measures of global brain network architecture (network small-worldness) and regional network influence (nodal betweenness centrality). Their relationship with naming recovery was evaluated with multiple linear regressions. RESULTS: Treatment-induced improvement in correct naming was associated with poststroke preservation of global network small worldness and of betweenness centrality in temporal lobe cortical regions. Together with baseline @entity2026 severity, these measures explained 78% of the variability in treatment response. CONCLUSIONS: Preservation of global and left temporal structural connectivity broadly explains the variability in treatment-related naming improvement in @entity2026 . These findings corroborate and expand on previous classical lesion-symptom mapping studies by elucidating some of the mechanisms by which @entity75 may relate to treated @entity2026 recovery. Favorable naming outcomes may result from the intact connections between spared cortical areas that are functionally responsive to treatment.

title: Success of XXXX Treatment in Aphasia Is Associated With Preserved Architecture of Global and Left Temporal Lobe Structural Networks.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

answer: @entity5547 :: (MESH:D000849,Disease) :: ['Anomia']


abstract: The @entity6371 ( @entity6371 ) phenotype is often attributed to the activity of @entity855 -binding cassette (ABC) transporters such as P-glycoprotein ( @entity1262 ). Previous work has suggested that modulation of @entity6371 may not necessarily be a single gene trait. To identify factors that contribute to the emergence of @entity6371 , we undertook integrative genomics analysis of the @entity43 cell line SKOV3 and a series of @entity6371 derivatives of this line (SKVCRs). As resistance increased, comparative analysis of gene expression showed conspicuous activation of a network of genes in addition to @entity1262 . Functional annotation and pathway analysis revealed that many of these genes were associated with the extracellular matrix and had previously been implicated in @entity5 invasion and cell proliferation. Further investigation by whole genome tiling-path array CGH suggested that changes in gene dosage were key to the activation of several of these overexpressed genes. Remarkably, alignment of whole genome profiles for SKVCR lines revealed the emergence and decline of specific segmental DNA alterations. The most prominent alteration was a novel amplicon residing at 16p13 that encompassed the ABC transporter genes @entity11092 and @entity27185 . Loss of this amplicon in highly resistant SKVCR lines coincided with the emergence of a different amplicon at 7q21.12, which harbors @entity1262 . Integrative analysis suggests that multiple genes are activated during escalation of drug resistance, including a succession of ABC transporter genes and genes that may act synergistically with @entity1262 . These results suggest that evolution of the @entity6371 phenotype is a dynamic, multi-genic process in the genomes of @entity5 cells.

title: Genetic changes in the evolution of multidrug resistance for cultured human XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity6371 :: ('MESH:D018088', 'Disease') :: ['multidrug resistant', 'MDR']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To distinguish two behavioral syndromes of @entity303 : @entity2146 and resistiveness to care. DESIGN: Analysis of @entity10281 ( @entity10281 ) data. SETTING: @entity10281 data from Veterans Administration nursing homes collected from October 13, 2000, through October 14, 2004. @entity1 : @entity1 were 23,837 residents with a positive diagnosis for @entity195 or @entity303 other than Alzheimer's. MEASUREMENTS: Presence of @entity2146 in each @entity1 was based on the recorded value for 6 @entity10281 variables: repetitive questions, repetitive verbalizations, expressions of what appear to be unrealistic fears, repetitive health complaints, @entity7184 or concerns, and repetitive physical movements. @entity1 who exhibited the @entity10281 variable "resists care; resisted taking medications/injections, ADL assistance or eating" anytime within the last 7 days of the assessment and whose behavior was not easily altered were considered "resistive to care." Severity of @entity303 was measured by the Cognitive Performance Scale using 3 @entity10281 items: short-term memory, cognitive skills for daily decision making, and making self understood. RESULTS: @entity2146 alone was present in 17%, resistiveness to care alone in 9%, and both syndromes in 8% of residents. @entity2146 was present in a significant number of residents who were borderline intact, was most common in subjects with moderate @entity73 , and decreased thereafter. In contrast, resistiveness to care was relatively rare in borderline intact and mildly impaired residents and increased gradually, with the highest prevalence in those with very severe @entity73 . The prevalence of resistiveness to care increased as the ability to understand deteriorated. Most residents who were rated as having abusive symptoms were also resistive to care. CONCLUSION: @entity2146 and resistiveness to care are 2 separate behavioral syndromes that may also occur together. It is important to distinguish between @entity2146 and resistiveness to care because these syndromes require different management strategies.

title: @entity2146 and resistiveness to care are two separate behavioral syndromes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity7184 :: ('MESH:D012090', 'Disease') :: ['repetitive anxious complaints']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity2146 :: ('MESH:D011595', 'Disease') :: ['agitation', 'Agitation']

entities_list: @entity10281 :: ('MESH:D020920', 'Disease') :: ['Minimum Data Set', 'MDS']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: 1. Four groups of six @entity95 were given purified diets in which the dietary variables were protein source (isolated soya-bean protein or @entity291 's-milk protein) with or without @entity3857 supplementation (10 g/kg). 2. @entity95 given soya-based diets showed significantly lower serum concentrations of @entity412 and @entity165 (P less than 0.01). The latter changes were confined to the @entity165 fractions of beta-lipoproteins. 3. These changes in serum @entity165 were associated with a significantly increased excretion of acid and neutral @entity3150 in animals given soya-bean protein. 4. There was no evidence to suggest that the effect of dietary protein source on serum lipids and the excretion of total and individual @entity3150 was influenced by @entity3857 supplementation. 5. These results do not support the hypothesis that the hypocholesterolaemia associated with plant proteins is due to the presence of @entity3857 .

title: The effect of dietary protein source and @entity3857 on serum lipids and the excretion of bile acids and neutral @entity3150 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3857 :: ('MESH:D012503', 'Chemical') :: ['saponin', 'saponins']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['Rabbits', 'rabbits']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: The functional response of females of the phytoseiid mite, Iphiseius degenerans (Berlese), to increasing densities of females of its prey, @entity7213 Koch and Eutetranychus orientalis Klein, on bean leaves, were studied under laboratory conditions. Our results indicated that the predator consumed significantly more items of @entity63157 than of @entity7213 at all densities treatments. Daily consumption of the predator increased with increasing prey density until a plateau was reached-maximum number of prey consumed was ca. 4 for @entity7213 and ca. 12 for @entity63157 . A Type II functional response was determined by a logistic regression model. The highest estimated value a (instantaneous rate of attack) and the lowest value of T ( h ) (handling time) were found for the predator feeding on @entity63157 . Prey selection was evaluated by simultaneously presenting both prey species to the predator in various ratios and at increasing densities. I. degenerans showed a higher predation rate and higher preference for @entity63157 at all the ratios and prey densities tested. This may be due to the smaller size or the inactivity of @entity63157 and the inability of the predator to cope with the webbing of @entity7213 . Our results suggest that I. degenerans can be considered a suitable biological control candidate based on its preference for @entity63157 in the Mediterranean region.

title: Consumption rate, functional response and preference of the predaceous mite Iphiseius degenerans to XXXX and Eutetranychus orientalis.

entities_list: @entity7213 :: ('32264', 'Species') :: ['Tetranychus urticae', 'T. urticae']

answer: @entity7213 :: (32264,Species) :: ['Tetranychus urticae']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although drug-induced peripheral @entity1712 complicates antimicrobial therapy, little is known about its frequency and implications. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the frequency and predictors of antibiotic-induced @entity1712 and subsequent @entity56 ( @entity56 ). METHODS: We evaluated a prospective cohort of former inpatients receiving intravenous antibiotic therapy as outpatients with at least 1 differential blood count. We used multivariate Cox proportional hazards models with time-varying antibiotic treatment indicators to assess the effect of demographic data and antibiotic exposures on @entity1712 and subsequent @entity56 , including documented @entity1910 , @entity8 , and @entity99 . Possible @entity1910 with @entity1712 and @entity7586 cases were identified and manually validated. RESULTS: Of 824 @entity1 (60% male; median age, 60 years; median therapy duration, 41 days), 210 (25%) had @entity1712 , with median peak absolute eosinophil counts of 726/mL (interquartile range, 594-990/mL). Use of @entity2176 , @entity114 , @entity1215 , and @entity5136 was associated with a higher hazard of having @entity1712 . There was a subsequent @entity28356 in  64 (30%) of 210 @entity1 with @entity1712 , including @entity1910 (n  = 32), @entity8 (n  = 31), and @entity99 (n  = 13). @entity1 with @entity1712 were significantly more likely to have @entity1910 (hazard ratio [HR], 4.16; 95% CI, 2.54-6.83; P  < .0001) and @entity8 (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.36-3.33; P  = .0009) but not @entity99 (HR, 1.75; 95% CI, 0.92-3.33; P  = .09). Possible @entity7586 occurred in 7 (0.8%) of 824 @entity1 ; 4 (57%) were receiving @entity2176 . CONCLUSIONS: Drug-induced @entity1712 is common with parenteral antibiotics. Although most @entity1 with @entity1712 do not have an @entity28356 , @entity1712 increases the hazard rate of having @entity1910 and @entity8 . @entity7586 was more common than previously described.

title: Peripheral blood eosinophilia and XXXX among @entity1 receiving outpatient parenteral antibiotics.

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal injury']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['rash', 'drug rash']

entities_list: @entity114 :: ('MESH:D010406', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['HSRs', 'hypersensitivity reactions']

entities_list: @entity1215 :: ('MESH:D012293', 'Chemical') :: ['rifampin']

entities_list: @entity7586 :: ('MESH:D063926', 'Disease') :: ['systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome', 'DRESS syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5136 :: ('MESH:C098010', 'Chemical') :: ['linezolid']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['hypersensitivity reactions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6057 ( @entity6057 ) gene rearrangement analysis, i.e. T-cell clonality, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a routine method used to assess the presence of a cutaneous dominant T-cell clone in @entity4888 ( @entity4888 ). OBJECTIVES: To compare the outcome of @entity4888 after treatment with the fate of the cutaneous T-cell clonality, and to determine whether minimal @entity66 can be detected in @entity1 in clinical complete remission. METHODS: Fifty-one @entity1 histologically diagnosed as having @entity4888 (17 stage IA, 21 stage IB and 13 stage III) were included in this retrospective study. T-cell clonality was analysed by GC-clamp multiplex PCRgamma-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis. Every @entity1 had two cutaneous biopsies at least 3 months apart. The second biopsy was performed at the site of a treated lesion. RESULTS: The presence or absence of a dominant T-cell clone in the skin remained identical in 26 of the 31 (84%) @entity1 with persistent disease. Thirteen @entity1 with a detectable dominant T-cell clone at diagnosis went into complete clinical remission. In nine of these 13 (69%) @entity1 , the T-cell clone was no longer detectable after treatment. The remaining four (31%) @entity1 had an unchanged T-cell clonality. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity6057 gene rearrangement imprint is a stable and reliable @entity5 marker of @entity4888 . One-third of @entity1 in complete clinical remission had a cutaneous molecular @entity66 , the prognostic value of which will be analysed in an ongoing prospective study.

title: Minimal XXXX in @entity4888 follow-up can be assessed by polymerase chain reaction.

entities_list: @entity4888 :: ('MESH:D009182', 'Disease') :: ['mycosis fungoides', 'MF', 'MF disease', 'cutaneous lesions of MF']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['residual disease']


abstract: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent stimulant of smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation in culture. To test the role of PDGF in the accumulation of smooth muscle cells in vivo, we evaluated @entity6970 -/- @entity19 that develop complex lesions of @entity731 . Fetal liver cells from @entity1967 -deficient embryos were used to replace the circulating cells of lethally irradiated @entity6970 -/- @entity19 . One month after transplant, all monocytes in @entity1967 -/- chimeras are of donor origin (lack PDGF), and no PDGF-BB is detected in circulating platelets, primary sources of PDGF in lesions. Although lesion volumes are comparable in the @entity1967 +/+ and -/- chimeras at 35 weeks, lesions in @entity1967 -/- chimeras contain mostly macrophages, appear less mature, and have a reduced frequency of fibrous cap formation as compared with @entity1967 +/+ chimeras. However, after 45 weeks, smooth muscle cell accumulation in fibrous caps is indistinguishable in the two groups. Comparison of elicited peritoneal macrophages by RNase protection assay shows an altered cytokine and cytokine receptor profile in @entity1967 -/- chimeras. @entity6970 -/- @entity19 were also treated for up to 50 weeks with a PDGF receptor antagonist that blocks all three PDGF receptor dimers. Blockade of the PDGF receptors similarly delays, but does not prevent, accumulation of smooth muscle and fibrous cap formation. Thus, elimination of @entity1967 from circulating cells or blockade of PDGF receptors does not appear sufficient to prevent smooth muscle accumulation in @entity1442 of @entity731 .

title: Blockade of platelet-derived growth factor or its receptors transiently delays but does not prevent fibrous cap formation in @entity6970 null XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced lesions']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: Rapid and complete tissue reoxygenation is a prime goal of present @entity64 therapy. However, reoxygenation may trigger detrimental cascades that partially antagonize beneficial effects. It was our goal to investigate selective grading of reoxygenation with targeting of single mitochondrial complexes in @entity19 hippocampal slices. Population spike amplitude (PSAP) and @entity2125 were measured during hypoxic @entity519 (15 min) and recovery (45 min). With onset of reoxygenation, slices were treated for different times with @entity20611 (1 mM), @entity12930 (2 mM), or @entity3789 (1 mM), inhibitors of mitochondrial complex I, II, or IV, respectively. Other slices were treated with @entity4571 (1 mM). Posthypoxic recovery of PSAP increased from 32% +/- 43% of onset in control slices to 52% +/- 59% (P <.05) upon treatment with @entity20611 for 1 min and to 62% +/- 37% (P <.05) upon treatment with @entity12930 . With @entity4571 , posthypoxic recovery improved to 73% +/- 25% (P <.05). Oxidation of @entity2125 was prolonged upon treatment with @entity20611 , whereas no change in @entity2125 oxidation was observed with @entity12930 and @entity4571 . Thus, grading of reoxygenation with selective targeting of mitochondrial complex I or II but not of complex IV improves outcome upon reoxygenation in @entity19 hippocampal slices.

title: Graded reoxygenation with chemical inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation improves posthypoxic recovery in XXXX hippocampal slices.

entities_list: @entity3789 :: ('CHEBI:17514', 'Chemical') :: ['cyanide']

entities_list: @entity4571 :: ('MESH:D009536', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide']

entities_list: @entity20611 :: ('MESH:D000654', 'Chemical') :: ['amobarbital']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: Changes in combined oral contraceptives (OCs) include reduction in the @entity172 and @entity3942 dose and recourse to the third generation, less androgenic progestogens. They retain the efficacy and convenience of OCs while reducing the metabolic and cardiovascular effects and the need to identify contraindications and subjects at risk. OCs sometimes cause menstrual cycle problems: @entity1867 and intercurrent @entity548 or @entity548 at any time other than menstruation ( @entity1867 ). OCs cause loose and @entity4 in the endometrium where glands maintain a proliferative-like phase throughout the cycle. Many dilated capillaries with @entity1373 of the endothelial cells rise to the surface. Forgetting or failure to take OC pills are often responsible for intercurrent @entity548 . It is hard to determine what OCs cause less @entity548 than other OCs. The third generation progestogen, @entity2081 , appears to have better cycle control than the two other third generation progestogens (desogestrel and norgestimate). It is not clear whether triphasic OCs with second generation progestogens are better than monophasic third generation OCs. The OC with low dose @entity2082 (20 mcg) (Mercilon) has as low a @entity548 rate as does the OC, @entity62766 (30 mcg). Menstrual cycle disturbances rarely happen. Providers must emphasize to new OC users the possibility of @entity1867 or intercurrent @entity548 , especially during the first cycle. Providers must also inform them that these disturbances do not affect the effectiveness of the OCs and that they should not stop taking OCs if they are concerned about @entity548 . Providers must instruct them what to do if they forget to take a pill(s). Providers should schedule an appointment after a new OC user has completed the third OC packet. They should do a gynecologic exam to search for a @entity281 , @entity1127 or @entity81 , and @entity1373 of the endometrium. If @entity548 persists during the third cycle, the client should change contraception.

title: [ XXXX caused by @entity172 -progestin combinations].

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity2081 :: ('MESH:C033273', 'Chemical') :: ['gestodene']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['endo-uterine polyp']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous stroma']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity2082 :: ('MESH:D004997', 'Chemical') :: ['ethinyl estradiol']

entities_list: @entity62766 :: ('MESH:C034653', 'Chemical') :: ['Varnoline']

entities_list: @entity3942 :: ('CHEBI:50745', 'Chemical') :: ['progestogen']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['genital infection']

entities_list: @entity1867 :: ('MESH:D008796', 'Disease') :: ['metrorrhagia', 'spotting']

entities_list: @entity81 :: ('MESH:D005350', 'Disease') :: ['fibroma']

answer: @entity1867 :: (MESH:D008796,Disease) :: ['Metrorrhagia']


abstract: @entity3427 is one of the most prevalent health problems in @entity1 . The aim of the study was to compare the effect of 755 nm @entity15890 hair removal laser with that of @entity15890 laser plus topical licorice on the improvement of idiopathic @entity3427 . A double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled study was performed on 90 female subjects. The @entity1 were divided into two groups: @entity15890 laser plus 15% licorice gel (group A) and placebo (group B). Each subject received one of both products over one side of the face, twice daily for 24 weeks on the hirsute locations. Each group underwent five sessions of @entity15890 laser at 6-week intervals. To minimize the effects of confounding variables, the test was performed on two separate zones of @entity1 ' skin. The mean    SD numbers of terminal hairs in group A were 7.05    4.55 for zone 1 and 6.06    3.70 for zone 2. In group B, they were 3.18    1.75 for zone 1 and 2.49    1.63 for zone 2. The difference in the mean number of terminal hairs was statistically significant between the two groups (p < 0.001), and there were no serious adverse reactions. The treatment of idiopathic @entity3427 with 755 nm @entity15890 laser plus topical licorice is more effective than @entity15890 laser only.

title: Complementary Therapies for Idiopathic XXXX : Topical Licorice as Promising Option.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity15890 :: ('MESH:C112654', 'Chemical') :: ['alexandrite']

entities_list: @entity3427 :: ('MESH:D006628', 'Disease') :: ['hirsutism', 'Hirsutism']

answer: @entity3427 :: (MESH:D006628,Disease) :: ['Hirsutism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1007 is a major risk factor for @entity453 ( @entity453 ), only limited data are available regarding its direct effect on @entity296 apart from @entity453 . The aim of this study was to evaluate LV systolic function using speckle-tracking echocardiography and investigate the relationship between @entity1007 and @entity296 . METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity95 were randomly divided into three groups: 8 were fed normal chow for 3 months (group 1) and the remaining 20 were fed an atherogenic diet for 2 (group 2) or 3 months (group 3). Global systolic radial, circumferential and longitudinal peak strain were calculated. Serum total @entity165 (TC), low density lipoprotein @entity165 (LDL-C) and myocardial @entity165 levels were measured. RESULTS: Global systolic longitudinal strain were both decreased in the group 2 and 3 (P < 0.001), whereas radial strain were increased (P < 0.001) compared with group 1. Global circumferential strain in the group 3 was significantly reduced (P < 0.001). Serum and myocardial @entity165 concentration markedly increased in the group 2 and group 3 (P < 0.001). There was a significant inverse correlation between longitudinal strain and serum TC, LDL-C as well as myocardial @entity165 levels (r = - 0.723, r = - 0.794, r = - 0.700, P both < 0.001). A significant negative correlation was also noted between circumferential strain and serum TC, LDL-C as well as myocardial @entity165 levels (r = - 0.518, P = 0.007; r = - 0.691, P < 0.001; r = - 0.659, P < 0.001). A significant positive correlation was found between radial strain and serum TC, LDL-C as well as myocardial @entity165 levels (r = 0.432, P = 0.028; r = 0.602, P = 0.001; r = 0.469, P = 0.016). CONCLUSION: Although LV morphology and ejection fractions were not different among the three groups, elevated concentration of @entity165 , especially in serum LDL-C, was significantly associated with LV @entity299 . The findings also indicate that reductions in longitudinal was the first appeared, followed by circumferential, and was compensated for by increasing radial strain.

title: Association of @entity1007 and cardiac function evaluated by speckle tracking echocardiography in a XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial function']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['systolic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Condoms represent an efficient family planning method. Their use was 1st described by the Italian anatomist Fallopio in 1564. Their effectiveness is considered to result in 0.5-2 births/100 years of marriage. 1st descriptions of vaginal contraceptives, by the Egyptians, date back to 1850 B.C. Their effectiveness is considered to be 5-10/100 years of marriage. A combined usage of condom and spermicides such as @entity25605 -9 could thus elevate contraceptive effectiveness more than 20 times. A clinical test of such a combination product was conducted involving 2 groups consisting of 30 @entity1 each (1 control group) in order to evaluate possible alterations in vaginal mucus. By using questionnaires, @entity1 with a history of @entity566 to condoms or vaginal creams were excluded. However, those with symptoms of @entity15231 were not. The 2 groups were subjected to laboratory tests before and after usage: bacterioscopy, culture of vulvovaginal secretions, the saline drop method in order to diagnose Trichomonas, and the @entity4014 drop method in order to diagnose @entity8439 and @entity5132 . Vaginal colposcopy and measuring of @entity15231 were also performed. The results, before and after use, are listed for both groups in 3 tables, with reference to 2 clinical symptoms ( @entity809 ), vaginal pH (normal, above, below), and various microorganisms being isolated. The tables do not allow for any interpretation of significant alterations resulting from the use of the combination product, e.g., the elevation of pH in some cases and 1 failure should be attributed to variations of flora not caused by the product, but being due to chance variations occurring in any given population. The absence of traumatic factors is due to the vaginal structure being functionally adapted, with numerous folds and wrinkles, to coitus. The effectiveness of the product is well documented in literature, and data listing decreased sperm motility is presented. It is concluded that no clinical adverse effects result with reference to the vulvovaginal epithelium or the penis.

title: [Clinical evaluation of combined use of the spermicide XXXX -9 and condoms].

entities_list: @entity4014 :: ('MESH:C029943', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium hydroxide']

entities_list: @entity25605 :: ('MESH:D017137', 'Chemical') :: ['Nonoxynol']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['itching of burning sensation']

entities_list: @entity8439 :: ('2702', 'Species') :: ['Gardnerella vaginalis']

entities_list: @entity5132 :: ('5476', 'Species') :: ['Candida albicans']

entities_list: @entity15231 :: ('MESH:D014848', 'Disease') :: ['vulvovaginal pH', 'vulvovaginitis']

answer: @entity25605 :: (MESH:D017137,Chemical) :: ['Nonoxynol']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 10079 Background: Data regarding the management of @entity1 with metastatic EHE are almost nonexistent. METHODS: From 1990 to 2010, 78 adult @entity1 (pts) with a confirmed diagnosis of EHE were referred to one of the 9 participating institutions, and their medical records reviewed. RESULTS: Forty-two (54%) @entity1 had @entity3 . Median age was 45 years. Systemic therapy was delivered in 34 cases (81%): single agent in 24 cases (71%). Twenty-two @entity1 received cytotoxic chemotherapy: @entity5948 -containing regimen (+/- @entity1260 ): n=16; others: n=6. Twelve @entity1 received an angiogenesis-targeting drug and/or a @entity4149 kinase inhibitor: @entity2857 n=6, @entity2816 : n=2, metronomic @entity786 : n=2, @entity2213 : n=2. No objective response was observed. Fourteen @entity1 had stable disease > 6 months: cytotoxic chemotherapy n=8 ( @entity632 -containing regimen: n=4, other n=4); angiogenesis-targeting agent n=6 ( @entity2857 : n=3, metronomic @entity786 : n=2, @entity2816 n=1). 9/16 (56%) treated with @entity632 -containing regimen had disease progression within 3 months of starting treatment. Median progression-free survival (PFS) was 4.8 months (mo) (95% CI: 2.6-7.1). Age <45 years was the sole factor significantly associated with PFS: 6.7 mo (95% CI: 4.4-9.0) vs 2.2 mo (95% CI: 1.9-2.6) (log-rank test: p=0.03). 16 @entity1 received further lines of systemic treatments (median: 1, range 1-4). Median overall survival (OS) was 41 mo (95% CI: 0.1-90). Age <45 years and performance status <= 1 were the sole factors significantly associated with better OS. 6/8 pts who did not receive systemic treatment are still alive, after a median of 49 months (range 11-188) from the time of distant recurrence, consistent with presence of a subset of @entity1 with @entity66 who do not require systemic treatment. CONCLUSIONS: OS of @entity1 with metastatic EHE appears significantly longer than most other metastatic soft-tissue @entity5 . Anthracyclines and @entity1260 have modest activity while long-term stable disease is achievable with anti-angiogenic drugs which have a better safety profile. Systemic therapy should be avoided in @entity1 with indolent, @entity10094 .

title: XXXX (EHE): Role of systemic therapy and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['indolent disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity5948 :: ('D018943', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracycline']

entities_list: @entity10094 :: ('MESH:D058070', 'Disease') :: ['asymptomatic disease']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['Metastatic epitheloid hemangioendothelioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the outcome of using a rescue therapy including plasma exchange given to @entity1 with a progressive acute @entity5642 and @entity881 . STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: University and county hospital. @entity1 : Included were 76 consecutive @entity1 (41 @entity1 and 35 @entity1 ) treated with plasma exchange as rescue therapy besides optimal conventional therapy during a progressive course of @entity5642 and @entity881 , including @entity810 . Of the 76 @entity1 , 66% needed dialysis. The distribution was hemodialysis in 76%, continuous arteriovenous hemofiltration in 36%, continuous venovenous hemodialysis in 12%, and peritoneal dialysis in 24%. The median organ-failure score was 5 (range, 1-6). Seventy-two percent required mechanical ventilation; @entity326 was present in 88%. The median @entity326 score was 4 (range, 2-4). Nine @entity1 had another reason than sepsis for the @entity881 . INTERVENTION: Plasma exchange (centrifugation technique) was performed until @entity5642 was reversed (median, two times; range, 1-14). Besides antibiotics and fluid administration, most @entity1 received heparin or low molecular weight heparin (77%), @entity230 (87%), and inotropes (88%). More than one vasoactive drug was used in 57% of the @entity1 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Eighty-two percent of the @entity1 survived and could leave the hospital. The previously observed survival rates by others for this category of @entity1 would be <20%, and thus, the outcome in this study is significantly better. CONCLUSION: Plasma exchange using plasma as replacement may, in addition to conventional intensive care, help to reverse severe progressive @entity5642 and @entity881 and improve survival.

title: Plasma exchange as rescue therapy in XXXX including @entity810 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['disseminated intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndrome']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity881 :: (MESH:D009102,Disease) :: ['multiple organ failure']


abstract: PURPOSE: Routine colonic evaluation is advised after an episode of @entity4436 to exclude @entity14 . In the recent years, the possible relation between @entity4436 and @entity14 has been subject of debate. The aim of this study is to evaluate the benefit of routine colonic endoscopy after an episode of @entity4436 . METHODS: Records of all consecutive @entity1 presenting with a radiologically confirmed episode of @entity4436 between 2007 and 2010 were retrieved from an in-hospital database. @entity1 who subsequently underwent colonic evaluation were included. The endoscopic detection rate of hyperplastic @entity1127 , @entity652 and advanced colonic @entity5 was assessed. Findings were categorized on the basis of the most advanced lesion identified. RESULTS: Three hundred and seven @entity1 presented with a radiologically confirmed primary episode of @entity4436 . Two hundred and five @entity1 underwent colonic evaluation. @entity1127 were found in15 (6.8 %), @entity652 in 18 (8.8 %) and advanced @entity1313 in 7 (3.4 %) @entity1 . Only two @entity1 had a @entity14 . CONCLUSION: There appears to be no benefit in performing routine colonic evaluation after an episode of @entity4436 as the incidence of @entity14 is almost equal to that of the general population. A more selective approach might therefore be justified. Potentially, only @entity1 with persisting abdominal complaints after an episode of @entity4436 should be offered colonic evaluation to definitively exclude causal pathology.

title: Endoscopic evaluation of the colon after an episode of XXXX : a call for a more selective approach.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1127 :: ('MESH:D011127', 'Disease') :: ['polyps', 'Hyperplastic polyps']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal malignancy', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity4436 :: ('MESH:D004238', 'Disease') :: ['diverticulitis']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity4436 :: (MESH:D004238,Disease) :: ['diverticulitis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: With the appropriate indications, puncture, aspiration, injection and reaspiration (PAIR) is the most effective minimal invasive method used in the treatment of hydatic cysts. @entity7252 is the hemorrhagia in bile ducts in consequence of any reason. In literature there is no case with @entity7252 because of PAIR. This is the first case with recurrent @entity7252 , @entity281 and @entity55 because of PAIR. CASE: A 66 years old female @entity1 was admitted to hospital with complaints of @entity490 , @entity6552 and melaena. She gave the history of PAIR for two hydatic cysts. At physical examination, there were @entity1087 , @entity925 at right subcostal area and melaena at rectal digital examination. @entity7252 was detected by abdominal ultrasonography and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreaticography (MRCP). An endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreaticography (ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy were performed. The @entity1 was discharged after 6 days hospital stay. One day after the discharge the @entity1 was admitted to hospital with the same complaints again. Performing ERCP and balloon extraction, the @entity1410 filling the common bile duct was removed. After the @entity1 was hemodynamically stable for 3 days, she was discharged from the hospital. A week after that the @entity1 was admitted to hospital with the clinical findings of infected hydatic cyst and @entity55 . The @entity1 was treated medically with mechanical ventilation support for 8 days. CONCLUSION: It should not be underestimated that, there can be serious complications of PAIR like @entity7252 . Therefore, PAIR should be performed only in centers having appropriate medical and surgical facilities.

title: Three complications of Pair (puncture, aspiration, injection, reaspiration) in one case: Recurrent @entity7252 , @entity281 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6552 :: ('MESH:D006396', 'Disease') :: ['hematemesis']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection in cyst cavity']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['tenderness']

entities_list: @entity7252 :: ('MESH:D006431', 'Disease') :: ['hemobilia', 'Hemobilia']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']


abstract: AIMS: To examine the occurrence and quantity of potential pathogens and an indicator of microbial contamination in the sediments of municipal drinking water storage tanks (MDWSTs), given the absence of such data across the United States. METHODS AND RESULTS: Sediment samples (87 MDWST) from eighteen locations across ten states of the United States were collected and assayed by qPCR for a range of potential enteric and opportunistic microbial pathogens and a sewage-associated Bacteroides marker. Potential opportunistic pathogens dominated, with the highest detection of occurrence (per cent positive detection; average cell equivalence (CE)) being Mycobacterium spp. (88  9%; 6  7    8  5 * 10(4) CE g(-1) ), followed by Legionella spp. (66  7%; 5  2    5  9 * 10(3) CE g(-1) ), @entity796 (22  2%; 250      880  CE  g(-1) ) and Acanthamoeba spp. (38  9%; 53      70  CE  g(-1) ), with no detected Naegleria fowleri. Most enteric pathogens ( @entity5363 , @entity526 0157:H7, @entity11621 , @entity2432 and @entity461 ) were not detected, except for  a  trace signal for @entity5363 spp. There was significant correlation between the  qPCR signals of Legionella spp. and Acanthamoeba spp. (R(2)   =  0  61, n  =  87, P  =  0  0001). Diverse Legionella spp. including Leg.  pneumophila, Leg.  pneumophila sg1 and Leg.  anisa were identified, each of which might cause @entity2115 . CONCLUSIONS: These results imply that potential opportunistic pathogens are common within MDWST sediments and could act as a source of microbial contamination, but need downstream growth to be of potential concern. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The results imply that opportunistic pathogen risks may need to be managed by regular tank cleaning or other management practices.

title: Molecular survey of occurrence and quantity of Legionella spp., Mycobacterium spp., XXXX and amoeba hosts in municipal drinking water storage tank sediments.

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity2115 :: ('MESH:D007876', 'Disease') :: ['legionellosis']

entities_list: @entity11621 :: ('28901', 'Species') :: ['Salmonella enterica']

entities_list: @entity2432 :: ('5807', 'Species') :: ['Cryptosporidium parvum']

entities_list: @entity461 :: ('5741', 'Species') :: ['Giardia duodenalis']

entities_list: @entity5363 :: ('197', 'Species') :: ['Campylobacter jejuni', 'Campylobacter']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity796 :: (287,Species) :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Most @entity420 of the prostate with a Gleason score greater than 8 at radical prostatectomy have extraprostatic extension and a high risk of progression. With @entity1486 screening, we have seen some cases of earlier detected, organ-confined, high-grade @entity420 . Few data are available as to the likelihood of cure in these cases. METHODS: We reviewed 27 cases of pathologically organ-confined @entity420 with a prostatectomy Gleason score of 8 to 10. To exclude cases with a significant proportion of Gleason pattern 3, we excluded cases of Gleason score 3+5=8 and Gleason score 5+3=8. All cases of Gleason score 8 at radical prostatectomy were Gleason score 4+4. The prognostic value of the clinical parameters (clinical stage, serum @entity1486 level, age) and pathologic factors (biopsy Gleason score, radical prostatectomy Gleason score, prostatectomy @entity5 volume) were tested to predict postoperative progression. RESULTS: The mean age at diagnosis was 59.7 years (range 46 to 69) with preoperative serum @entity1486 levels ranging from 1.4 to 28 ng/mL (mean 7.8). All @entity5 were classified as pathologic Stage T2N0Mx. Fifteen @entity1 (55.6%) had a Gleason score of 8, 11 @entity1 (40.7%) had a Gleason score of 9, and 1 had a Gleason score of 10 (3.7%). @entity5 volumes ranged from 0.02 to 1.44 cm(3) (mean 0.56). Follow-up information was available for all @entity1 . The mean follow-up for those without progression was 30.6 months (range 7 to 73) and for those with progression was 23.6 months (range 9 to 44). The 33-month actuarial risk of progression was 32%, with 10 @entity1 developing progression during the study. None of the preoperative or postoperative variables predicted progression. CONCLUSIONS: Even when high-grade @entity5 is organ confined, it is associated with a relatively unfavorable short-term outcome that is not predictable on the basis of either preoperative clinicopathologic data or postoperative pathologic information obtained from the radical prostatectomy specimen.

title: Prediction of outcome after radical prostatectomy in @entity1 with organ-confined Gleason score 8 to 10 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: The aim of this study was to determine whether the routine use of sterile gloves when accessing central venous catheters (CVCs) affects the incidence of exogenous @entity295 in paediatric oncology @entity1 . The 36-month study period ran prospectively from September 2000 to August 2003. During this time the routine use of sterile gloves for accessing CVCs was suspended. Sterile gloves were only used when obtaining blood samples from the line or injecting substances that required direct entry into the lumen with removal of line cap. Surveillance cultures of throat and rectum were obtained to detect carriage of potential pathogens. @entity295 was defined as a blood stream infection due to microorganisms not carried by the @entity1 in throat and/or rectum. The incidence of exogenous @entity295 following a change of practice of not routinely using sterile gloves for accessing lines was compared to the incidence of exogenous @entity295 in a historical control group. The number of exogenous @entity295 episodes per inpatient days with gloves and without gloves was calculated for the total number of episodes and for the first episode for each @entity1 . The relative incidence and 95% confidence intervals was also calculated for first and total episodes. For both, all episodes and first episodes there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of exogenous @entity295 comparing the control and study @entity1 . In summary, this study does not support or approve the use of sterile gloves when accessing CVCs in respect of exogenous @entity295 .

title: Does the number of exogenous infections increase in paediatric oncology XXXX when sterile surgical gloves are not worn for accessing central venous access devices?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['Exogenous septicaemia', 'septicaemia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: A few months from the time of this survey, the nearly completed inpatient @entity146 facility within the Aminu Kano @entity580 would be ready for admissions. Understanding the health workers' level of experience of @entity1032 and their likely behavioural responses towards @entity1 with @entity146 , therefore, should be a good baseline to understanding their likely reactions towards admitting such @entity1 within a general hospital setting. The study, which used a pre-tested and adapted attribution questionnaire, was prospective and cross-sectional. Randomly selected health workers in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital had their level of familiarity and attributions towards @entity146 @entity1 assessed. The respondents showed a high level of experience with @entity1032 , with more than 3 in 5 of them having watched movies on @entity1032 before. More than half of them held positive (favorable) attributions towards @entity1 with @entity1032 on nine of the ten assessed attribution factors. Almost all held negative (unfavourable) opinion towards intimate relationships with such @entity1 . Attribution factors, "Responsibility, "Anger", "Dangerousness", "Fear" and "Segregation" were significantly related to the respondents' level of education (P<0.05). Marital status of the respondents related significantly to "Pity" and "Avoidance" factors (P<0.05). Having watched movies on @entity1032 significantly related to "Responsibility" and "Fear" factors (P<0.05). Programs designed to improve the health workers mental health literacy, and increased positive professional contacts with mentally ill @entity1 on treatment, would further enhance their perceived positive attributions towards them.

title: Health professionals' familiarity and attributions to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'people', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity580 :: ('MESH:D003428', 'Disease') :: ["Teaching Hospital's complex"]

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric illness']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['mental illness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate whether the addition of bevacizumab (BVZ) to @entity416 -based chemoradiotherapy in the preoperative treatment of locally advanced @entity5 (LARC) improves efficacy measured by the pathological complete response (pCR) rate. METHODS: A phase II two-step design was performed. @entity1 received four cycles of therapy consisting of: BVZ 10  mg/kg in first infusion on day 1 and 5  mg/kg on days 15, 29, 43, @entity416 1800  mg/m(2)/day 5  days per week during radiotherapy, which consisted of external-beam irradiation (45  Gy in 1.8  Gy dose per session over 5 sessions/week for 5  weeks). Six to eight weeks after completion of all therapies surgery was undergone. To profile the biological behaviour during BVZ treatment we measured molecular biomarkers before treatment, during BVZ monotherapy, and during and after combination therapy. Microvessel density (MVD) was measured after surgery. RESULTS: Forty-three @entity1 were assessed and 41 were included in the study. Three @entity1 achieved a pathological complete response (3/40: 7.5%) and 27 (67.5%) had a pathological partial response, (overall pathological response rate of 75%). A further 8 @entity1 (20%) had stable disease, giving a disease control rate of 95%. Downstaging occurred in 31 (31/40: 77.5%) of the @entity1 evaluated. This treatment resulted in an actuarial 4-year disease-free and overall survival of 85.4 and 92.7% respectively. BVZ with chemoradiotherapy showed acceptable @entity137 . No correlations were observed between biomarker results and efficacy variables. CONCLUSION: BVZ with @entity416 and radiotherapy seem safe and active and produce promising survival results in LARC. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT00847119 . Trial registration date: February 18, 2009.

title: Phase II study of preoperative bevacizumab, @entity416 and radiotherapy for resectable locally-advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity416 :: ('MESH:C110904', 'Chemical') :: ['capecitabine']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: African Americans (AAs) have lower circulating @entity14951 [ @entity14282 ] concentrations and higher @entity263 (CaP) @entity146 than other racial/ethnic groups. The purpose of the current study was to examine the relationship between plasma @entity14282 , African ancestry and @entity263 among AAs and European Americans (EAs). METHODS: Plasma @entity14282 was measured using LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry) in 537 @entity5066 and 663 EA newly-diagnosed CaP @entity1 from the North Carolina-Louisiana @entity263 Project (PCaP) classified as having either 'high' or 'low' @entity146 based on clinical stage, Gleason grade and @entity1486 at diagnosis. Mean plasma @entity14282 concentrations were compared by proportion of African ancestry. Logistic regression was used to calculate multivariable adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95%CI) for high aggressive CaP by tertile of plasma @entity14282 . RESULTS: AAs with highest percent African ancestry (>95%) had the lowest mean plasma @entity14282 concentrations. Overall, plasma @entity14282 was associated positively with @entity146 among @entity5066 @entity1 , an association that was modified by @entity460 intake (ORT 3vs.T1: 2.23, 95%CI: 1.26-3.95 among @entity1 with low @entity460 intake, and ORT 3vs.T1: 0.19, 95%CI: 0.05-0.70 among @entity1 with high @entity460 intake). Among EAs, the point estimates of the ORs were <1.0 for the upper tertiles with CIs that included the null. CONCLUSIONS: Among AAs, plasma @entity14282 was associated positively with @entity263 among @entity1 with low @entity460 intake and inversely among @entity1 with high @entity460 intake. The clinical significance of circulating concentrations of @entity14282 and interactions with @entity460 intake in the @entity5066 population warrants further study.

title: Association between Plasma 25-Hydroxyvitamin D, Ancestry and Aggressive XXXX among African Americans and European Americans in PCaP.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer', 'CaP aggressiveness', 'Prostate Cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness', 'aggressive disease']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxyvitamin D3']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['Prostate Cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This was a study of intra- @entity439 sac pressures in @entity1 who presented with @entity1070 after endovascular repair (EVAR) of @entity1028 ( @entity1028 ). METHODS: Twenty-five @entity1 (18 @entity1 , 7 @entity1 ) with @entity1070 , age (IQR 68 to 80), underwent 31 direct intra- @entity439 sac pressure measurements, DISP at 16 months after EVAR (IQR, 14 to 26 months). Diameter of @entity1028 was 59 mm (IQR, 52 to 67 mm). Six @entity1 underwent DISP twice. Tip-pressure sensors were used through direct translumbar puncture of the @entity1028 except in three @entity1 (transabdominal puncture in 2; endoluminal in 1). Mean pressure index (MPI) was calculated between simultaneously registered intra- @entity439 sac and systemic pressures. Values presented are medians with interquartile range (IQR). RESULTS: Type I @entity1070 (n = 1) showed MPI of 93% in the nidus and 62% in the @entity715 . @entity1070 were associated with lower MPIs in the @entity715 (35%; IQR 24% to 38%) when AAAs shrank (n = 4) compared with when the AAAs remained unchanged (n = 11; MPI, 78%; IQR, 47% to 85%) or expanded (n = 6; MPI, 74%; IQR, 58% to 87%; P = .019). The nidus of @entity1070 (MPI, 79%; IQR, 70% to 90%) had higher pressure than the @entity715 (45%, IQR, 34% to 85%; P = .047; n = 7). Successful embolization of @entity1070 led to @entity1028 shrinkage (n = 3; MPI reduction, 13% to 31%) or diameter stability (n = 3; unchanged MPIs, 37% to 44%). @entity1070 (n = 3) had MPIs in the @entity715 of 33% to 70%. CONCLUSIONS: Endoleaks after EVAR pressurize the @entity1028 sac nonuniformly, with higher, near-systemic, pressure in the endoleak nidus compared with the @entity715 . Nevertheless, @entity1070 in shrinking AAAs have lower intra-sac pressure than expanding or stable @entity439 , and successful endoleak embolization reduces pressure.

title: Endoleaks after @entity439 repair lead to nonuniform intra- XXXX sac pressure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1070 :: ('MESH:D057867', 'Disease') :: ['endoleaks', 'Type II endoleaks', 'Type III endoleaks', 'type II endoleaks']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysms', 'AAA']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1963 in adults is a rare and frequently misdiagnosed cause of long-standing, refractory constipation. Surgical procedures initially developed for pediatric @entity1 have been applied to adults with varying degrees of success. OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to describe a new surgical procedure consisting of laparoscopic rectosigmoid resection with a transanal colonic pull-through followed by a delayed coloanal @entity254 for the treatment of @entity1963 in adults and to present our preliminary results with this technique. DESIGN AND SETTING: This was a descriptive observational study of treatment outcome conducted at the colorectal surgical unit of a university teaching hospital in France. @entity1 : @entity1 were adults with confirmed @entity1963 treated from October 2006 through February 2009. INTERVENTION: Laparoscopic rectosigmoid resection was performed with a transanal colonic pull-through followed by a delayed coloanal @entity254 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical and functional data (Cleveland Clinic Florida incontinence scale and @entity1241 of Life scale) were obtained at postoperative visits. RESULTS: Five @entity1 underwent the procedure. One @entity1 died of postoperative @entity65 . No @entity1 had to be reoperated. No @entity834 occurred. One @entity1 developed anastomotic stricture requiring dilatation. No @entity250 was reported. Postoperative analysis (mean follow-up 16 months) showed good functional outcomes in 3 (75%) of the 4 evaluable @entity1 . LIMITATIONS: This study had only a small number of @entity1 and no controls other comparison with cases reported in the literature. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic rectosigmoid resection with a transanal colonic pull-through followed by delayed coloanal @entity254 represents a valid alternative in the treatment of @entity1963 in adult @entity1 , because it involves minimally invasive surgery, does not require a preventive diverting stoma, and shows anastomotic security.

title: Laparoscopic rectosigmoid resection with transanal colonic pull-through and delayed coloanal @entity254 : a new approach to adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity1963 :: ('MESH:D006627', 'Disease') :: ['Hirschsprung disease']

entities_list: @entity1241 :: ('MESH:D005242', 'Disease') :: ['Fecal Incontinence Quality']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular complications']

entities_list: @entity250 :: ('MESH:D012735', 'Disease') :: ['sexual or urinary dysfunction']

answer: @entity1963 :: (MESH:D006627,Disease) :: ['Hirschsprung disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity310 and @entity4155 act on fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) and contribute to cytokine production, @entity32 , and tissue destruction in @entity309 ( @entity309 ). The aim of this study was to compare their effects on osteogenic differentiation of isolated FLS and on whole bone explants from @entity309 and @entity571 ( @entity571 ) @entity1 . METHODS: Fibroblast-like synoviocytes and bone explants were cultured in the presence or absence of @entity310 and/or @entity4155 . Mineralization of extracellular matrix of FLS was measured by @entity622 red and @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ). mRNA expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR for @entity18297 , @entity1841 , and @entity8087 , key genes associated with osteogenesis. @entity650 and @entity687 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Bone explant structure was quantified by histomorphometry. RESULTS: In @entity571 and @entity309 FLS, the combination of @entity310 and @entity4155 induced matrix mineralization, increased @entity3457 activity and expression of the osteogenesis-associated genes @entity18297 , @entity1841 , and @entity8087 , indicating an osteogenic differentiation. @entity18297 levels increased with @entity310 alone and in combination with @entity4155 . @entity1841 expression decreased with @entity4155 and @entity310 after 12   h with @entity571 FLS and 24   h with @entity309 FLS. @entity8087 expression decreased only with combination of @entity310 and @entity4155 in @entity571 FLS and with cytokines alone and combined in @entity309 FLS. @entity650 and @entity687 production increased with @entity4155 and/or @entity310 in both FLS and bone samples, especially from @entity309 . Treatment of bone explants with cytokine combination increased @entity3457 in @entity571 but not @entity309 samples. A decrease in bone volume was seen with cytokine combination, especially with @entity309 explants. CONCLUSION: Differences were observed for the effects of @entity4155 and @entity310 on osteogenic differentiation. In isolated FLS, increased osteoblastogenesis was observed, contrasting with the inhibitory effect in whole bone, specifically in @entity309 . The net effect of @entity4155 and @entity310 appears to depend on the disease state and the presence of other cells.

title: Differential Effects of XXXX and @entity310 on Osteoblastic Differentiation of Isolated Synoviocytes and on Bone Explants from Arthritis @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['isolated OA', 'OA', 'osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity622 :: ('MESH:C010078', 'Chemical') :: ['alizarin']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['ALP', 'alkaline phosphatase activity']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity4155 :: (3605,Gene) :: ['IL-17A']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Percutaneous @entity1068 sclerotherapy has been reported to be efficacious for head and @entity1211 . We sought to evaluate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous sclerotherapy by using @entity1068 for treatment of @entity5773 . METHODS: Eleven sclerotherapy procedures were performed in seven @entity1 from January 1995 to February 2001. @entity1 age ranged from 19 months to 57 years (mean age, 32 years). Four @entity1 were male and three were female. Mean follow-up was 36 months. The volume of @entity1068 used per treatment session ranged from 2 to 32 cc (mean, 16 cc). RESULTS: Sclerotherapy provided significant improvement or resolution of symptoms for all @entity1 . There were no major complications. One @entity1 had a small (3 x 2 cm) area of skin blistering at the injection site. All @entity1 experienced @entity158 and swelling to a variable degree. Sclerotherapy resulted in resolution of symptoms in six of seven @entity1 . Three @entity1 had resolution of symptoms after one procedure. Four @entity1 each underwent two sclerotherapy procedures. One @entity1 who remained symptomatic but improved after undergoing two procedures underwent an anterior glossectomy and is now asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous @entity1068 sclerotherapy is a safe and effective method of treating @entity5773 .

title: Percutaneous @entity1068 sclerotherapy of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity5773 :: ('MESH:D014060', 'Disease') :: ['symptomatic venous malformations of the tongue']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['neck venous malformations']

answer: @entity5773 :: (MESH:D014060,Disease) :: ['venous malformations of the tongue']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite several therapeutic modalities, @entity3594 ( @entity3594 ) remains a difficult @entity272 to treat. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to test the safety and efficacy of @entity2804 ( @entity2974 ) as a chemical peel in the treatment of @entity3594 in a random sample of Egyptian female @entity1 . METHOD: Six females with @entity75 were included in this pilot study. All @entity1 received chemical peeling sessions using @entity2974 over the affected @entity272 . Sessions were carried out to all @entity1 once per week. Treatment was continued for 1 month. Treatment efficacy was evaluated by determining the average rate of response of the lesions to the treatment on a weekly basis. RESULTS: All @entity1 showed improvement as @entity2117 , thickening, and the overall appearance. The physician assessment was excellent in three lesions, moderate in five, and was mild in two. No side effects had been reported. CONCLUSION: The study may present @entity2974 as a safe, easy, and an effective method for the treatment of @entity3594 .

title: Using XXXX in the treatment of @entity3594 : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['AN lesions']

entities_list: @entity2117 :: ('MESH:D017495', 'Disease') :: ['regard hyperpigmentation']

entities_list: @entity3594 :: ('MESH:D000052', 'Disease') :: ['AN', 'acanthosis nigricans']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions', 'dermatosis']

entities_list: @entity2804 :: ('MESH:D014238', 'Chemical') :: ['trichloroacetic acid']

answer: @entity2804 :: (MESH:D014238,Chemical) :: ['trichloroacetic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The oncologic feasibility of laparoscopic surgery for the cure of @entity14 is under debate. The effect of laparoscopic @entity14 spread has not yet been clarified. HYPOTHESIS: Laparoscopic surgery affects cell-mediated immune response and @entity99 spread dependent on intraperitoneal insufflation. METHODS: Thirty WAG/Rij @entity35 were randomized into 3 operative groups: @entity544 ( @entity515 ) laparoscopy (n = 10), "gasless" laparoscopy (n = 10), and laparotomy (n = 10). To induce liver metastases, 50 000 CC531 @entity694 cells were injected into the portal vein during either laparoscopy or laparotomy. Twenty-eight days after injection, specimens were explanted, sectioned, and examined immunohistochemically for CC531 @entity5 cells (monoclonal antibody CC52), CD44v5, v6 (monoclonal antibody OX49), and Kupffer cells (monoclonal antibody HIS36). For quantification, a morphometric analysis system was applied. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis, Dunn, and Holm tests. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences in @entity99 growth were found between @entity515 laparoscopy and laparotomy (P =.37). However, compared with @entity515 laparoscopy and laparotomy, a significant @entity5 growth was found after gasless laparoscopy (P =.02). Kupffer cells had significantly decreased after @entity515 laparoscopy and laparotomy compared with after gasless laparoscopy (P<.001 and P =.002, respectively). CD44v5, v6 expression was significantly increased after @entity515 laparoscopy and laparotomy compared with after gasless laparoscopy (P =.002 and P =.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: Hepatic resistance to @entity5 growth is best preserved by gasless laparoscopy as opposed to @entity515 laparoscopy or laparotomy. The amount of intra-abdominal pressure with circulatory changes rather than the used gas may explain this finding. On the other hand, conventional laparoscopy vs laparotomy did not preserve hepatic immune function.

title: Impact of laparoscopic and conventional surgery on Kupffer cells, @entity5 -associated CD44 expression, and XXXX spread.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'decrease in intrahepatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer resection on hepatic tumor', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic tumor']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['intrahepatic tumor']


abstract: This paper studies the effect and relationship of @entity64959 in the development of @entity356 , based on an analysis of @entity64959 expression in @entity356 tissue and adjacent tissue. Thirty @entity356 tissue samples taken during surgery with complete pathological data and their related adjacent normal tissue were examined in this study. @entity64959 protein expression in @entity356 tissue and adjacent normal tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Real-time PCR was used to detect @entity64959 mRNA expression, which provided a basis on which to explore the clinical pathological characteristics for @entity1 with @entity356 . Results show that @entity64959 protein in @entity356 tissue and adjacent normal tissue were diffusely expressed both in the cytoplasm and nucleus. The positive expression rate in @entity356 tissue was 73%, higher than that in adjacent normal tissue (47%). Both the reference NAPDH and @entity64959 amplification are reflected in the amplification curve in standard S-shape and the unimodal solubility curve which was not altered by non-specific amplification and primer dimer. @entity64959 mRNA relative expression in @entity5 tissue was 4.899_#x2213;1.412. @entity64959 expression had no direct relationship with the @entity1   age, gender, @entity5 differentiation or infiltration degree, lymphatic @entity3 , distant @entity3 nor pTNM periodization, but was directly related to the size of the @entity5 . All the findings in this paper suggest that @entity64959 can be one of the focuses for diagnosing and treating @entity356 and that its protein expression is likely to increase with the growth of @entity5 , thus playing a great role in the incidence and development of @entity356 .

title: EXPRESSION MECHANISM AND CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF XXXX IN GASTRIC CANCER TISSUE AND ADJACENT NORMAL TISSUE.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity64959 :: (28987,Gene) :: ['NOB1']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate 4 cases in which bioabsorbable polymerized @entity880 tacks failed after arthroscopic shoulder surgery. Four male elite athletes with recurrent shoulder @entity158 were seen a mean of 7.5 months (range, 3-10 months) after initial arthroscopy. Three of the cases involved superior labrum anterior-to-posterior (SLAP) lesion stabilization, and the fourth case was a rotator cuff (RTC) repair. In the three labral repairs, the implant had broken and the unabsorbed fragments were visible with magnetic resonance imaging. The device used in the RTC repair showed no signs of absorption. All 4 @entity1 underwent arthroscopic removal of the polymer tack fragments to alleviate their symptoms, 2 of whom had foreign-body reactions that required synovectomy. On the basis of clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging, 2 of the SLAP lesions and the RTC tear had healed. The third @entity1 with a @entity75 required arthroscopic debridement of a portion of the labrum. The intact RTC implant had backed out of its insertion point. In all 3 labral repairs, the polymerized @entity880 implant experienced a mechanical failure near the head-shaft junction. We theorize that the labral implants failed because of the variable rate of degradation along the shaft of the devices from the intraarticular to intraosseous regions.

title: Failure of polymerized XXXX tacks in shoulder surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['SLAP lesion']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactic acid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) is related to the risk of cardiovascular events in the general population. An association between changes in cIMT and @entity65 is frequently assumed but has rarely been reported. Our aim was to test this association. METHODS: We identified general population studies that assessed cIMT at least twice and followed up @entity1 for @entity583 , @entity64 , or @entity204 . The study teams collaborated in an individual @entity1 data meta-analysis. Excluding individuals with previous @entity583 or @entity64 , we assessed the association between cIMT progression and the risk of cardiovascular events ( @entity583 , @entity64 , @entity204 , or a combination of these) for each study with Cox regression. The log hazard ratios (HRs) per SD difference were pooled by random effects meta-analysis. FINDINGS: Of 21 eligible studies, 16 with 36,984 @entity1 were included. During a mean follow-up of 7  0 years, 1519 @entity583 , 1339 @entity64 , and 2028 combined endpoints ( @entity583 , @entity64 , @entity204 ) occurred. Yearly cIMT progression was derived from two ultrasound visits 2-7 years (median 4 years) apart. For mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness progression, the overall HR of the combined endpoint was 0  97 (95% CI 0  94-1  00) when adjusted for age, sex, and mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness, and 0  98 (0  95-1  01) when also adjusted for vascular risk factors. Although we detected no associations with cIMT progression in sensitivity analyses, the mean cIMT of the two ultrasound scans was positively and robustly associated with @entity65 (HR for the combined endpoint 1  16, 95% CI 1  10-1  22, adjusted for age, sex, mean common carotid artery intima-media thickness progression, and vascular risk factors). In three studies including 3439 @entity1 who had four ultrasound scans, cIMT progression did not correlate between occassions (reproducibility correlations between r=-0  06 and r=-0  02). INTERPRETATION: The association between cIMT progression assessed from two ultrasound scans and @entity65 in the general population remains unproven. No conclusion can be derived for the use of cIMT progression as a surrogate in clinical trials. FUNDING: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.

title: Carotid intima-media thickness progression to predict cardiovascular events in the general population (the PROG-IMT collaborative project): a meta-analysis of individual XXXX data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'participant']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarctions']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['vascular death', 'death']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular risk']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['participant']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Studies have shown that @entity9834 ( @entity9834 ) is superior to delayed laparoscopic cholecystectomy (DLC) for @entity14784 ( @entity14784 ). However, no studies have compared both modalities in @entity1 with delayed presentation. The aim of the study was to compare outcomes between @entity9834 and DLC in @entity14784 @entity1 with more than 7-day symptom duration. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 83 @entity14784 @entity1 who underwent LC after presenting with >7  days of symptoms from June 2010 to June 2015 was performed. @entity1 were divided into L- @entity9834 and @entity11429 , defined as LC performed within the same admission and between 4 and 24  weeks after discharge, respectively. Peri-operative outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: In L- @entity9834 @entity1 , the intra-operative severity was higher (p   <   0.001) and median operative time was longer (L- @entity9834 , 107  min (46-220) vs @entity11429 , 95  mins (25-186)) (p   =   0.048). Conversion rates were also higher in L- @entity9834 than that in @entity11429 (L- @entity9834 , 21.4% vs @entity11429 , 4.9%) (p   =   0.048). While post-operative morbidity was similar, L- @entity9834 was associated with a longer post-operative length of stay as compared to @entity11429 (L- @entity9834 , 2 (1-17) vs @entity11429 , 1 (1-6)) (p   <   0.001). CONCLUSION: DLC provides lower conversion rates and shorter length of stay in @entity14784 @entity1 presenting beyond 7  days of symptoms. This group of @entity1 should be offered DLC.

title: Delayed XXXX : Comparative Outcomes of Same-Admission Versus Delayed Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity9834 :: ('MESH:D017562', 'Disease') :: ['same-admission laparoscopic cholecystectomy', 'SALC']

entities_list: @entity14784 :: ('MESH:D041881', 'Disease') :: ['acute cholecystitis', 'AC']

answer: @entity14784 :: (MESH:D041881,Disease) :: ['Presentation of Acute Cholecystitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 236 Background: In Ontario, there is a concerted effort to screen all @entity5 outpatients for clinically significant symptoms at every visit, without causing undue burden on the @entity1 . Although @entity5815 are common in @entity5 @entity1 , severe @entity1295 may require clinical intervention. To reduce reporting @entity1295 , we evaluated the use of a single item screener question to detect severe @entity1295 , as defined through the FACT-Fatigue Scale (FACT-F), with the goal of reducing @entity1 reporting burden. METHODS: 316 Princess Margaret @entity5 Centre outpatients across a wide range of @entity5 at all phases of therapies and disease stages were asked to report @entity5815 using the FACT-F. The ability of one screener question "I feel fatigued" to detect severe @entity5815 in any of the six other @entity1295 -related questions was evaluated. Using the presence of any severe @entity1295 symptom as the reference, sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the screener question was determined. RESULTS: Median age was 59 (19-91) years; 45% were male. The prevalence of significant, severe @entity1295 -related symptoms for the six individual questions covering various @entity1295 domains ranged from 4% to 7%. 12% of @entity1 exhibited at least one severe symptom on FACT-F (prevalence). Defining a positive screen as "quite a bit" or "very much" fatigued, with 16% prevalence, the screener question was able to correctly identify any severe symptom 81% of the time (Se) and was able to rule out any severe symptoms 92% of the time (Sp). CONCLUSIONS: The use of a screener question to accurately detect @entity1 symptoms provide @entity1 with the ability to be involved in their care without being overly burdened in the process. At the meeting we will provide updated results on 500 @entity1 , the potential modifying role of clinico-demographic factors, and results of the performance two additional screener questions on @entity1295 . While @entity1 -reported outcomes are widely used in research, they may also be a practical and acceptable means to accurately detect clinically important symptoms in the clinic.

title: Assessing the utility of a XXXX -reported screener question to detect @entity5815 : Improving the quality of systematic symptom measurement in clinical practice.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5815 :: ('MESH:D015673', 'Disease') :: ['fatigue symptoms']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Despite research showing no link between the measles-mumps- @entity2462 (MMR) vaccine and @entity72 ( @entity72 ), beliefs that the vaccine causes @entity2438 persist, leading to lower vaccination levels. Parents who already have a @entity1 with @entity72 may be especially wary of vaccinations. OBJECTIVE: To report @entity72 occurrence by MMR vaccine status in a large sample of US @entity1 who have older siblings with and without @entity72 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : A retrospective cohort study using an administrative claims database associated with a large commercial health plan. @entity1 included @entity1 continuously enrolled in the health plan from birth to at least 5 years of age during 2001-2012 who also had an older sibling continuously enrolled for at least 6 months between 1997 and 2012. EXPOSURES: MMR vaccine receipt (0, 1, 2 doses) between birth and 5 years of age. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: @entity72 status defined as 2 claims with a diagnosis code in any position for @entity2438 or other specified @entity245 ( @entity245 ) including @entity13104 , or unspecified @entity245 (International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification 299.0x, 299.8x, 299.9x). RESULTS: Of 95,727 @entity1 with older siblings, 994 (1.04%) were diagnosed with @entity72 and 1929 (2.01%) had an older sibling with @entity72 . Of those with older siblings with @entity72 , 134 (6.9%) had @entity72 , vs 860 (0.9%) @entity1 with unaffected siblings (P   <   .001). MMR vaccination rates (>= 1 dose) were 84% (n   =   78,564) at age 2 years and 92% (n   =   86,063) at age 5 years for @entity1 with unaffected older siblings, vs 73% (n   =   1409) at age 2 years and 86% (n   =   1660) at age 5 years for @entity1 with affected siblings. MMR vaccine receipt was not associated with an increased risk of @entity72 at any age. For @entity1 with older siblings with @entity72 , at age 2, the adjusted relative risk (RR) of @entity72 for 1 dose of MMR vaccine vs no vaccine was 0.76 (95% CI, 0.49-1.18; P   =   .22), and at age 5, the RR of @entity72 for 2 doses compared with no vaccine was 0.56 (95% CI, 0.31-1.01; P   =   .052). For @entity1 whose older siblings did not have @entity72 , at age 2, the adjusted RR of @entity72 for 1 dose was 0.91 (95% CI, 0.67-1.20; P   =   .50) and at age 5, the RR of @entity72 for 2 doses was 1.12 (95% CI, 0.78-1.59; P   =   .55). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In this large sample of privately insured @entity1 with older siblings, receipt of the MMR vaccine was not associated with increased risk of @entity72 , regardless of whether older siblings had @entity72 . These findings indicate no harmful association between MMR vaccine receipt and @entity72 even among @entity1 already at higher risk for @entity72 .

title: XXXX occurrence by MMR vaccine status among US @entity1 with older siblings with and without @entity2438 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Participants', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'child']

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autistic disorder', 'autism']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['PDD', 'pervasive developmental disorder']

entities_list: @entity13104 :: ('MESH:D020817', 'Disease') :: ['Asperger syndrome']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorders']

answer: @entity2438 :: (MESH:D001321,Disease) :: ['Autism']