abstract: Due to the rapid increase of @entity505 nanotubes (CNT) applications and their inevitable release into the aquatic environment, CNT may interact with and further influence the fate and transport of other pollutants such as @entity25407 ( @entity24055 ). @entity24055 is a high-production-volume chemical that is widely used as an antimicrobial agent, is continually released into the aquatic environment, and is biologically active and persistent. In the present study, the population test with Daphnia magna was performed over 93 days. Different treatments were examined: (a) control, (b) solvent control, (c) 1 mg CNT/L from the beginning, (d) 1 mg CNT/L as of day 14, (e) control with a 2-day pulse of 25   g @entity24055 /L on day 14, 41   g @entity24055 /L (day 54), and 61   g @entity24055 /L (day 68) and (f) same pulses of @entity24055 with co-exposure to 1 mg CNT/L. Significant changes in all three size classes were observed as a result of the long-term exposure to 1 mg CNT/L. Increasing in number of neonates, and decreasing in number of juveniles and adults were observed. Moreover, daphnids were significantly smaller when they were exposed to MWCNT. The exposure with @entity24055 led to size-dependent mortality in Daphnia magna populations and a subsequent recovery. Lower @entity137 of @entity24055 was observed, with the presence of MWCNT in the medium. The reported effects of @entity24055 on population level were compared to the output of an individual-based Daphnia magna population model, in order to verify the model predictions with laboratory data.

title: Population level effects of multiwalled XXXX nanotubes in Daphnia magna exposed to pulses of @entity25407 .

entities_list: @entity25407 :: ('MESH:C009540', 'Chemical') :: ['triclocarban']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['carbon']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity8619 ( @entity8619 ) is a frequently encountered chronic @entity5932 and skin, where the @entity1 often relate the onset and aggravation of oral symptoms to increased levels of stress. Cortisol, also called as "stress hormone" has been used as an indicator in various stress evaluation studies. AIM: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to determine any association between @entity148 and salivary cortisol levels in @entity8619 @entity1 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 20 @entity8619 @entity1 along with same number of age and sex matched healthy controls were included in the study. Saliva was collected from all the subjects between 9.00 to 9.15 am to avoid diurnal variations of cortisol levels. The saliva samples were analysed for cortisol levels by competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Anxiety levels of 40 @entity1 were measured by using Hamilton's @entity148 scale. Student's t-test was used to compare the @entity148 and salivary cortisol levels between both groups. RESULTS: The mean salivary cortisol level of the @entity8619 group showed highly significant difference (p<0.001) from the controls. The mean @entity148 scores of the @entity8619 group showed highly significant difference (p<0.001) from the controls. A positive correlation was found between @entity148 and salivary cortisol levels in the @entity8619 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that @entity148 play a vital role in the pathogenesis of @entity8619 , thus besides traditional treatment, psychological support is also needed.

title: Association of salivary cortisol and XXXX in lichen planus @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8619 :: ('MESH:D017676', 'Disease') :: ['OLP', 'Oral lichen planus']

entities_list: @entity5932 :: ('MESH:C565008', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disease of oral mucosa']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['anxiety levels']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was designed to test the effects of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) in the treatment of chronic @entity741 . METHODS: The reprogramming of passage 3 myocardial fibroblasts was performed by using the lentiviral vector containing 4 @entity1 factors: @entity4729 , @entity4731 , @entity4730 , and @entity517 . The iPSC colonies at P12-17 were allogeneically transplanted into ischemic myocardium of 10 @entity1707 by direct injection. Cohorts of 2 animals were sacrificed at 2,  4, 6, 8, and 12 weeks after injection. RESULTS: No signs of graft versus host disease were evident at any time points. At 2 weeks, clusters of SSEA-4-positive iPSCs were detected in the injected area. At 4 to 8 weeks, these cells started to proliferate into small spheres surrounded by thin capsules. At 12 weeks the cell clusters still existed, but decreased in size and numbers. The cells inside these masses were homogeneous with no sign of differentiation into any specific lineage. Increased smooth muscle actin or @entity65991 positive cells were found inside and around the iPSC clusters, compared with non-injected areas. By real-time polymerase chain reaction, the levels of @entity17980 , basic FGF, and ANRT expression were significantly higher in the iPSC-treated myocardium compared with untreated areas. These results suggest that iPSCs contributed to angiogenesis. CONCLUSIONS: Allogeneically transplanted @entity1707 iPSCs proliferated despite an ischemic environment in the first 2 months and survived for at least 3 months in immunocompetent hosts. @entity8 were also proangiogenic and thus might have beneficial effects on the @entity741 .

title: Induced pluripotent stem cell transplantation in the treatment of porcine chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Transplanted iPSCs']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia', 'ischemic heart diseases']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['myocardial ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of the @entity2178 gene @entity7742 polymorphism on @entity453 and its severity in @entity1 with and without @entity583 . METHODS: A cross sectional study was carried out with 305 Caucasians who were divided into two groups. One group with 201 @entity1 with @entity453 proven by coronary angiography (obstructive lesion > 50%) was further divided into two subgroups; 110 @entity1 with @entity583 and 91 without it. The control group consisted of 104 individuals with normal coronary arteries. Three angiographic criteria were evaluated to determine severity of the @entity453 : number of diseased vessels, morphology of the @entity731 plaque and jeopardy score. Risk factors were also analyzed. Gene polymorphism was evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction endonuclease digestion. RESULTS: The @entity2178 gene TT, MT and MM genotypic frequencies were neither statistically different between @entity453 @entity1 and controls (chi-square = 0.123; p = 0.939) nor between the @entity583 subgroup (chi-square = 2.171; p = 0.338). The @entity453 and @entity583 risk analyzed between TT vs. MM, MT vs. MM and TT+MT vs. MM genotypes were not significant. The severity of @entity731 analysis within the group of @entity1 with @entity453 showed no correlation with the genotypes. Similar results were found between groups with and without @entity583 . CONCLUSIONS: No association was found between the @entity2178 gene @entity7742 polymorphism and @entity453 , neither with its severity nor with @entity583 .

title: [The @entity2178 gene ( @entity7742 ) and the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic disease']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensinogen']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']


abstract: The earliest biochemical event after cross-linking of TCR is the @entity669 phosphorylation of a variety of substrates. At least three nonreceptor @entity669 kinases have been implicated in this signaling cascade: @entity7984 (T), @entity2952 , and @entity6755 . Recently, @entity7985 has been shown to be @entity669 phosphorylated in T cells after receptor activation. This increase in @entity669 phosphorylation correlates with the increased activity of the enzyme. The substrate for @entity7985 , @entity1078 (PIP2), is hydrolyzed to the protein kinase C activator @entity2366 and @entity671 (IP3), which promotes @entity460 release from the endoplasmic reticulum. These results lend support to the notion that @entity460 mobilization after TCR cross-linking is mediated by increased levels of IP3. In this study we have cloned and transfected a @entity1 @entity7984 (T) cDNA in the anti-sense configuration into the @entity1 T cell line, Jurkat, resulting in decreased expression of the protein. We find that cell lines expressing significantly reduced levels of @entity7984 (T) exhibit significantly lower @entity460 influx following OKT3 activation. However, the level of IP3 production was unchanged and @entity10190 and @entity10190 levels were elevated. These data indicate that @entity7984 (T) can regulate @entity460 influx by a mechanism distinct from PIP2 hydrolysis.

title: @entity1 XXXX (T) regulates OKT3-induced @entity460 influx by a mechanism distinct from PIP2 hydrolysis in Jurkat T cells.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity671 :: ('MESH:D015544', 'Chemical') :: ['inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate']

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity7984 :: (2534,Gene) :: ['p59fyn']


abstract: PURPOSE: The superparamagnetic @entity1933 (SPIO) Resovist is a contrast media with shortening of both T(1) and T(2) relaxation time. This study evaluates the impact of SPIO-enhanced T(1)- and T(2)-weighted images for the differentiation of @entity409 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: SPIO-enhanced MRI examinations (1.5 T, Symphony Quantum) of 61 @entity1 were analyzed. Thirty-seven @entity1 had @entity409 (metastases n = 32, HCC n = 5) proven by biopsy or laparotomy, 11 @entity1 had @entity409 (FNH n = 2, @entity2695 n = 4, benign cysts n = 5, normal liver on laparoscopy n = 13). After unenhanced T(1)- and T (2)-weighted imaging, a bolus injection of 1.4 ml SPIO (Resovist) was given, followed by T(1)-weighted imaging at 20 s, 60 s, and 5 min and T(2)-weighted imaging at 10 min post injection. A score from 1 (benign) to 5 (malignant) was used by three blinded radiologist for the ROC analysis of the unenhanced T(1)-/T(2)-weighted images ( @entity13552 ) and of the combinations of unenhanced T(1)/T(2)-weighted and SPIO T(1)-weighted images ( @entity21044 ), unenhanced T(1)/T(2) and SPIO T(2)-w images (set 3) and all images (set 4). RESULTS: The accuracy of plain MRI ( @entity13552 : 56 %) was increased by SPIO-enhanced T(1)-weighted images ( @entity21044 : 81 %) and SPIO-enhanced T(2)-weighted images (set 3: 90 %). Best results were obtained using unenhanced T(1)-weighted, unenhanced T(2)-weighted and both SPIO T(1)-weighted and T(2)-weighted images (set 4: 93%). The accuracy of predicting histopathologic diagnosis was 91%. CONCLUSION: For the differentiation of @entity409 , SPIO-enhanced T(2)-weighted images had a greater impact on the accuracy of MRI than T (1)-weighted images, but SPIO-enhanced T(1)-weighted images provided additional information in some @entity1 and should not be deleted.

title: [Use of SPIO-enhanced T1- and T2-weighted images for the differentiation of XXXX : an ROC analysis].

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['hemangiomas']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['malignant liver lesions', 'benign liver lesions', 'liver lesions']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['liver lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) prophylaxis after allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT) is an ongoing effort but relative effects of different policies are not systematically explored. METHODS: We systematically reviewed 30-year evidence on @entity2132 and quantified the relative effect of different policies using a network meta-analysis. We searched PubMed and the Cochrane Library for randomized studies on the topic. The primary outcome of interest was grade II-IV acute @entity2132 over 0 or I (with odds ratio OR <1 denoting benefit). FINDINGS: Thirty-three eligible studies that enrolled 3,440 @entity1 (published up to June 2014), provided data on seven immunosuppressive drugs namely @entity205 (CsA), @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ), anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), @entity618 ( @entity2098 ), @entity1140 , @entity3446 or @entity288 and their combinations to calculate 14 direct and 21 indirect effects. The majority of trials (32/33) referred to myeloablative conditioning and sibling transplants (25/33). @entity1140 / @entity1500 (OR 0.44; 95% 0.27-0.70, number needed to treat to benefit, i.e. to avert a case of II-IV @entity2132 , NNTB=5) and ATG/CsA/ @entity1500 (OR 0.45; 95%CI 0.26-0.78; NNTB=5) were superior over CsA/ @entity1500 . ATG/CsA/ @entity1500 did not differ from @entity1140 / @entity1500 (indirect evidence). @entity3446 -based prophylaxis outperformed CsA/ @entity1500 (OR 0.10; 95%CI 0.02-0.49, NNTB=4) and marginally outperformed @entity1140 / @entity1500 (OR 0.22; 95%CI 0.05-1.11). Add-on corticosteroids had no benefit over CsA/ @entity1500 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1140 / @entity1500 and ATG/CsA/ @entity1500 were the outperformers over CsA/ @entity1500 , but @entity3446 -based regimens showed also potential. More randomized data are needed for reduced-intensity conditioning, as well as for @entity2098 and @entity3446 -containing regimens.

title: XXXX prophylaxis after transplantation: a network meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['sirolimus', 'Sirolimus']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GvHD', 'Graft-versus-host Disease', 'GvHD prophylaxis']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus', 'Tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity2132 :: (MESH:D006086,Disease) :: ['Graft-versus-host disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although exercise therapy is effective for reducing @entity158 and activity limitations in @entity1 with @entity626 ( @entity571 ), the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate if improvements in neuromuscular factors (i.e. upper leg muscle strength and knee proprioception) underlie the beneficial effects of exercise therapy in @entity1 with knee @entity571 . DESIGN: Secondary analyses from a randomised controlled trial, with measurements at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 38 weeks. SETTING: Rehabilitation centre. @entity1 : One hundred and fifty-nine @entity1 diagnosed with knee @entity571 . INTERVENTION: Exercise therapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Changes in @entity158 [numeric rating scale (NRS)] and activity limitations [Western Ontario and McMaster Universities @entity571 Index (WOMAC) physical function subscale and get-up-and-go test] during the study period. Independent variables were changes in upper leg muscle strength and knee joint proprioception (i.e. motion sense) during the study period. Longitudinal regression analyses (generalised estimating equation) were performed to analyse associations between changes in upper leg muscle strength and knee proprioception with changes in @entity158 and activity limitations. RESULTS: Improved muscle strength was significantly associated with reductions in @entity158 {B coefficient -2.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) -3.7 to -1.4], meaning that every change of 1 unit of strength was linked to a change of -2.5 units of @entity158 }, WOMAC physical function (-8.8, 95% CI -13.4 to -4.2) and get-up-and-go test (-1.7, 95% CI -2.4 to -1.0). Improved proprioception was not significantly associated with better outcomes of exercise therapy (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Upper leg muscle strengthening is one of the mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of exercise therapy in @entity1 with knee @entity571 .

title: Improvement in upper leg muscle strength underlies beneficial effects of exercise therapy in XXXX : secondary analysis from a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['NRS pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report complications encountered by members of a collaborative group who performed radio-frequency (RF) ablation in @entity1 with focal @entity96 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Members of 41 Italian centers that were part of a collaborative group used a percutaneous internally cooled RF ablation technique and a standardized protocol for follow-up. They completed a questionnaire regarding number of deaths, presumed cause of @entity204 , and likelihood of its relationship to the RF procedure; number and types of major complications; and types of minor complications and side effects. Enrollment included 2,320 @entity1 with 3,554 lesions (size, 3.1 cm +/- 1.1 [SD] in diameter): 1,610 had @entity157 with @entity409 ; 693 had @entity3 , predominantly from @entity14 (n = 501); and 17 had @entity201 . Number and characteristics of complications (ie, @entity204 ) attributed to the procedure were reported. Data were subsequently analyzed with analysis of variance to determine whether the major complication rate was related to @entity5 size, number of ablation sessions, or electrode type (single or cluster). RESULTS: In total, 3,554 lesions were treated. Six deaths (0.3%) were noted, including two caused by @entity177 following intestinal perforation; one case each of @entity326 following @entity794 -caused @entity298 , @entity548 following @entity5 rupture, @entity1578 following stenosis of right bile duct; and one case of @entity944 of unknown cause 3 days after the procedure. Fifty (2.2%) @entity1 had additional major complications. The most frequent of these were peritoneal @entity548 , neoplastic seeding, intrahepatic abscesses, and intestinal perforation. An increased number of RF sessions were related to a higher rate of major complications (P <.01), whereas the number of complications was not significantly different when @entity5 size or electrode type were compared. Minor complications were observed in less than 5% of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Results of this study confirm that RF ablation is a relatively low-risk procedure for the treatment of focal @entity96 .

title: Treatment of focal XXXX with percutaneous radio-frequency ablation: complications encountered in a multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['massive hemorrhage', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['liver tumors', 'liver cancer']

entities_list: @entity326 :: ('MESH:D012772', 'Disease') :: ['septic shock']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['liver failure']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['deaths and major and minor complications', 'death']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritonitis']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver tumors']


abstract: The role of single-agent nab- @entity1311 in relapsed or @entity902 -refractory advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) has not been well reported in Western populations. We reviewed our own institution's experience using nab- @entity1311 in these settings. We analyzed the records of stage IV @entity1149 @entity1 with relapsed or @entity902 -refractory disease treated with single-agent nab- @entity1311 at Weill Cornell Medical College between October 2008 and December 2013. The primary endpoint of the study was treatment failure-free survival (TFFS), defined as the time from the start of nab- @entity1311 therapy to discontinuation of the drug for any reason. The best overall response was recorded for each @entity1 , and overall response and disease control rates were calculated. Thirty-one stage IV @entity1149 @entity1 received a median of 4 cycles (range 1-40) of nab- @entity1311 . Dose reduction or drug discontinuation due to @entity137 occurred in 10 @entity1 , mainly because of grade 2/3 fatigue or @entity1897 . The overall response rate was 16.1  %, and the disease control rate was 64.5  %. Median TFFS was 3.5  months (95  % CI 1.3-5.3  months). No statistically significant difference in TFFS based on line of therapy or prior @entity3907 exposure was identified. There was a statistically significant decrease in TFFS for @entity1 with non- @entity420 histology, although there were only five @entity1 in this group. There was a trend toward reduction in the risk of treatment failure with increasing age. One @entity1 remained on nab- @entity1311 therapy for over 3  years. Single-agent nab- @entity1311 was well tolerated and demonstrated efficacy in advanced @entity1149 @entity1 with relapsed or @entity902 -refractory disease. Further prospective clinical trials with nab- @entity1311 in these settings are warranted.

title: Treatment of recurrent and @entity902 -refractory stage IV XXXX with nanoparticle albumin-bound @entity1311 (nab- @entity1311 ) as a single agent.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of laparoscopy in @entity130 is, in general, limited for diagnostic purposes. We aim to evaluate the therapeutic role of laparoscopic surgery in @entity130 @entity1 . METHODS: We analyzed the National @entity130 Data Bank (2007 to 2010) for all @entity1 undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy. @entity1 undergoing a therapeutic laparoscopic surgical procedure were identified and tabulated. Mortality and hospital length of stay for @entity1 with isolated @entity3511 were compared between the open and laparoscopic groups. RESULTS: Of a total of 2,539,818 @entity130 visits in the National @entity130 Data Bank, 4,755 @entity1 underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy at 467 @entity130 centers. Of these, 916 (19.3%) @entity1 underwent a therapeutic laparoscopic intervention. Common laparoscopic operations included diaphragm repair, bowel repair or resection, and splenectomy. @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic surgery had a significantly shorter length of stay than the open group (5 vs 6  days; P < .001). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic laparoscopic surgery for @entity130 is feasible and may provide better outcomes.

title: Laparoscopic surgery for XXXX : the realm of therapeutic management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3511 :: ('MESH:D000007', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal injuries']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: @entity1834 is the most frequent gynaecological problem in adolescent @entity1 (the prevalence is 80-90%). Genetic influence, style of life (diet and physical activity) social, economical and cultural factors can affect symptoms. @entity2918 and @entity4352 produced by endometrium, abnormal uterine smooth muscle contractility and modifications of the local blood flow are responsible for @entity490 . Frequently daily activities are negatively affected (missing time at school) dysmenorrhoea can be primary or secondary to anatomical anomalies of internal genitalia or presence of synechie (post surgery or inflammatory @entity530 ). Therapy may consist of traditional medicine (relaxing techniques such as yoga, agopuncture, mild analgesic drugs or more effective FANS). In case of therapeutical failure, contraceptive and/or @entity4396 agonists can represent the last choice. Endometriosis is less frequent, etiopatogenesis is not completely understood, but the anatomical lesions consist of an @entity2931 -dependent neo-angiogenesis. @entity2931 inhibitors, oral contraceptives or @entity4396 agonists may be useful in treating this pathology. In case of drug failure surgery is suggested. For the effective diagnosis laparoscopy and biopsy are absolutely necessary. @entity3010 is cyclical, extremely complex, unusual in adolescent @entity1 , sometimes associated to pre-existent @entity74 . It can be treated with symptomatic drugs or, more recently, using drugs that alter the levels of @entity750 , but their use in the adolescent @entity1 is not yet recommended.

title: [ XXXX , endometriosis and @entity3010 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen', 'Oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity1834 :: ('MESH:D004412', 'Disease') :: ['Dysmenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity2918 :: ('MESH:D011453', 'Chemical') :: ['Prostaglandins']

entities_list: @entity4352 :: ('CHEBI:25029', 'Chemical') :: ['leucotrienes']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic diseases']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['psychic disorders']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity3010 :: ('MESH:D011293', 'Disease') :: ['Premenstrual syndrome']

answer: @entity1834 :: (MESH:D004412,Disease) :: ['Dysmenorrhea']


abstract: @entity2657 as a complication of the therapy of @entity14785 has been described for over 50 years, although modern awareness dates to about 1967. Almost all cases have occurred in @entity1 with @entity6 ( @entity6 ). Although a few cases of @entity2657 have been reported in @entity1 with @entity1602 ( @entity1602 ), these are in general not well documented by either autopsy data of cat scans. Over a period of 9 years, I have encountered 5 @entity1 who developed @entity2657 as a complication of the therapy of @entity1602 . The initial plasma @entity413 in these @entity1 was 1,496 +/- (SD) 296 mg/dl and plasma osmolality was 382 +/- 29 mosm/kg. All had @entity308 of sensorium to at least a stupor (stage I coma or greater). All were treated with intravenous insulin and either 77 or 154 mM @entity1219 , and plasma @entity413 fell at a mean rate of 38 mg/dl/h. In all @entity1 , plasma @entity413 fell below 250 mg/dl (mean of 18 +/- 66 mg/dl) and all @entity1 experienced increased @entity308 of sensorium, elevated csf pressure, and @entity4 as diagnosed by cat scanning. Therapy with various combinations of @entity413 , @entity2656 and @entity230 were without effect. In 1 @entity1 , insertion of a subdural intracranial screw lowered intracranial pressure from 24 to 3 cm of @entity2507 . Three of the 5 @entity1 died and 2 remain in a persistent vegetative state, 1 of whom is also quadriplegic.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX complicating @entity1602 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity2657 :: ('MESH:D001929', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral edema', 'Cerebral edema']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic ketoacidosis', 'DKA']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain swelling']

entities_list: @entity14785 :: ('MESH:D003926', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic coma']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['nonketotic hyperosmolar coma', 'NKHC']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2657 :: (MESH:D001929,Disease) :: ['Cerebral edema']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The exact role of expectation in conditioned @entity1337 is still elusive as it is not clear whether conditioning is an automatic process or rather it is cognitively mediated. This study is aimed at understanding the role of explicit verbal information in conditioned @entity1337 . METHODS: Two groups of healthy subjects received a conditioning procedure whereby two visual cues were paired with increase and decrease in stimulus intensity. In the 'conditioning/verbal information' group (VER), subjects were informed about the meaning of the cues, whereas no information was given to the second group (noVER). After two conditioning blocks, an evocation session was run in which the stimulus intensity was the same, irrespective of the cues. @entity158 perception was assessed according to a numerical rating scale from 0 (no @entity158 ) to 10 ( @entity158 ). The N2-P2 component of laser-evoked potentials (LEP) was used as an index of index of brain responses to nociceptive stimuli. RESULTS: In the evocation session, only the VER group reported a decrease in @entity158 rating and LEP amplitude when the cues were presented, suggesting that the visual-analgesic association does not occur without explicit verbal information. CONCLUSIONS: In line with the cognitive theory of conditioning, our results indicate that just pairing a cue with different @entity158 stimulus intensities is not sufficient, per se, to produce a learning process. What matters is the informational cognitive content of the cue, i.e. the meaning assigned to the cue itself. These findings may help understand the mechanisms of conditioned @entity1337 and more in general of learning.

title: Role of explicit verbal information in conditioned XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'maximal pain', 'Pain']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the restoration of the bone mass of the distal radius following the use of implants in the distal radial fragment. Highly comminuted Frykman type 7 and 8 @entity174 were studied to determine whether the use of fixation pins in the comminuted distal radial fragment leads to @entity2331 in the distal radial fragment after healing of the @entity174 . METHODS: As part of a clinical trial, 30 @entity1 with @entity7334 of the distal radius were treated with closed reduction, external non-bridging fixation, and early postoperative mobilisation. To detect local @entity2331 , bone density measurements were taken at the distal metaphysis and mid-diaphysis following healing of the fractured radius and the contralateral unaffected radius in 12 @entity1 . RESULT: The mean age of the 12 @entity1 for whom bone density measurements were recorded was 52.5 years (range, 39-87 years). There were 9 females and 3 males included in the study. Seven @entity1 had a Frykman type 8 @entity174 and 5 @entity1 had a Frykman type 7 @entity174 . Significant @entity2331 was absent despite the use of four 2.5-mm fixation pins in the distal fragments of the healed distal radial @entity174 . The median value of the maximal step was 2.8 mm (range, 0-9.1 mm). The median value of the intra-articular interfragmentary gap was 1.8 mm (range, 0-13.4mm). CONCLUSION: The findings of this study do not suggest long-term @entity2331 following the use of four 2.5-mm pins in the distal fragments. The non-bridging fixator, by allowing early physical activity, possibly led to satisfactory functional and structural results.

title: Local XXXX associated with management of intra-articular distal radial @entity174 by insertion of external fixation pins in the distal fragment: prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity7334 :: ('MESH:D057072', 'Disease') :: ['comminuted intra-articular fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity2331 :: (MESH:D001851,Disease) :: ['osteopenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of n-6 and n-3 @entity1474 combined with calorie restriction( CR) in @entity13419 induced @entity31 @entity35 . METHODS: Forty female @entity35 were randomly divided into five groups, control group, model group, CR group, 5:1 @entity5204 ad libitum group, 5: 1 @entity5204 CR group. CR groups provided with a limited daily food allotment of 60% of that eaten by the ad libitum animals for 14 weeks. @entity31 model in @entity35 were given 5. 0% dextran sulfate sodium in their drinking water for 7 days. RESULTS: 5:1 PUFA CR group significantly decreased body weight, disease activity index, macroscopic and histological score compared to model group. In addition, administration of 5: 1 PUFA CR effectively inhibited MPO activity. The levels of @entity1505 and @entity568 in the serum with @entity1960 were decreased by 5: 1 @entity5204 CR (P <0. 05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that combination of calories restriction and n-6/n-3 =5:1 @entity5204 may be more beneficial in attenuating the progression of @entity13419 induced @entity31 .

title: [Effects-of combined calories restriction and XXXX on @entity1960 in @entity35 ].

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'Ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

answer: @entity1474 :: (MESH:D005231,Chemical) :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Amplification of chromosome 11q13 is a frequent event in @entity213 including @entity1697 . METHODS: Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), using a BAC clone specific for the @entity4910 gene ( @entity4910 ), was performed on specimens obtained by fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) from 50 @entity1 with primary @entity957 (OSCCs.). RESULTS: The @entity4910 numerical aberration was identified in 21 (42.0%) of 50 @entity1 with primary OSCCs. The @entity4910 amplification was determined in 16 (32.0%) of these @entity1 . Immunohistochemical staining revealed that all 21 @entity5 showing the @entity4910 numerical aberration overexpressed the @entity4910 protein. The @entity4910 numerical aberration was associated significantly with histopathologic grading (P = 0.032), the mode of invasion (P = 0.047), the presence of @entity5 cells at the resection margin (P = 0.033), pathologic lymph nodestatus (P = 0.045), disease recurrence (P = 0.004), and survival (P = 0.004). The disease-free and overall survival period of @entity1 with the @entity4910 numerical aberration was significantly shorter than that of @entity1 without the @entity4910 numerical aberration (P = 0.0016 and P = 0.0019, respectively). Moreover, a multivariate analysis showed that the @entity4910 numerical aberration retained an independent prognostic value. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity4910 numerical aberration is useful both as a prognostic indicator that is independent of the TNM classification, and an indicator to assist in determination of the appropriate treatment for @entity1 with OSCCs. Analysis of the @entity4910 numerical aberration using FISH on FNABs may be a useful and practical method for predicting @entity146 , recurrence, and clinical outcome in @entity1 with OSCCs.

title: Potential marker of oral squamous cell XXXX detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization in fine-needle aspiration biopsies.

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['oral squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis of the head and neck squamous cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['carcinoma aggressiveness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of @entity32 indexes in @entity418 has not been established. Recent studies have shown that the @entity2 ( @entity2 ) is a useful predictive factor. The purpose of the current study was to determine whether the @entity2 is useful for predicting long-term survival in @entity1 with @entity1721 ( @entity1721 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 293 @entity1 who had undergone esophagectomy for @entity1721 were included. The @entity2 was calculated as body mass index * serum albumin/neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio. Then, @entity1 were divided into two groups: @entity2 >= 18 and @entity2 <18. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to calculate the @entity5 -specific survival (CSS), and the difference was assessed by the log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to evaluate the prognostic factors. RESULTS: In our study, there were 120 @entity1 with @entity2 <18 and 173 @entity1 with @entity2 >= 18. @entity2 was significantly higher in @entity1 with large @entity5 (P=0.028), poor differentiation (P=0.010), deep invasion (P=0.009), and nodal @entity3 (P=0.004). The 5-year CSS was 34.5% in our study. @entity1 with @entity2 <18 had a significantly poorer 5-year CSS compared to @entity2 >= 18 (21.7% versus 43.4%, P<0.001). On multivariate analysis, we showed that the @entity2 was a significant predictive factor of CSS (P=0.024). CONCLUSION: The @entity2 is still a useful predictive factor for long-term CSS in @entity1 with @entity1721 . However, the prognostic value of the @entity2 is yet to be formally tested within randomized trials.

title: A new XXXX index is useful for @entity1 with @entity1721 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['ALI', 'advanced lung cancer inflammation index']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['ESCC', 'esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficiency and @entity137 of postoperative brachytherapy (POBT) in the treatment of resectable mobile @entity957 . @entity1 AND METHODS: This was a retrospective single-center study of @entity1 with SSC of the mobile tongue who were treated between August 1992 and June 2013 by glossectomy and neck dissection followed by (192)Ir interstitial brachytherapy of the @entity5 bed. Endpoints were local control, @entity5 -specific survival (CSS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), and morbidity. Independent prognostic factors were analyzed in a Cox regression model. RESULTS: A total of 112 @entity1 were identified (median age, 55 years [range, 15-84]; 76% male). @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics were: T1T2N0 (85%), pN+ (13%), positive surgical margins (14%), negative margins <5  mm (29%), @entity3067 (14%), @entity7453 (5%), and perineural spread (5%). Median followup was 6.7 years (1.5 months to 17.7 years). Local control, CSS, and @entity1349 rates at 2 years were 79%, 81%, and 72%, respectively. The corresponding 5-year rates were 76%, 67%, and 56%, respectively. After POBT, 22% of @entity1 presented grade >= 2 @entity39 and 8% experienced @entity1118 . Independent prognostic factors were positive surgical margins for poor local control and @entity5 recurrence and @entity7453 for poor @entity1349 . CONCLUSION: POBT provided good local control and better CSS and @entity1349 than reported for surgery alone. Morbidity was higher than that reported for brachytherapy alone but may be considered acceptable in a well-selected @entity1 population at high risk of local recurrence.

title: Postoperative interstitial brachytherapy for resectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['tongue squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7453 :: ('MESH:D008207', 'Disease') :: ['lymphatic vessel invasion']

entities_list: @entity3067 :: ('MESH:C531609', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasic margins']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue']


abstract: This study retrospectively reviewed all @entity1 aged 75 years and over who were admitted to hospital following an @entity542 . All @entity1 were cared for by general surgeons. The study period lasted for 2 years. Fifty five @entity1 with a mean age of 83.8 years (range 75-97) were admitted. Four @entity1 had a Glasgow @entity772 Score (GCS) of <13, all had @entity1504 , only one being fit for neurosurgical intervention. Fifty one @entity1 had a GCS greater than or equal to 13, 25 (49%) were admitted for social reasons, 10 (19.6%) for observation, 9 (17.6%) due to @entity911 and 7 (13.7%) due to other injuries. @entity1 spent a total of 366 days in surgical beds. Twenty five @entity1 were discharged or transferred within 24h of admission and 30 @entity1 remained in hospital for a total of 343 days, therefore, 54% of @entity1 occupy 94% of the time spent in hospital. Of these 160 days were spent awaiting transfer to another hospital, 147 days waiting for social services, 24 days waiting for a terminal outcome and 12 days for unspecified reasons. Only 11 (38%) @entity1 who suffered a fall of unknown cause underwent any follow-up investigations. Elderly @entity1 with @entity542 rarely require neurosurgical intervention. They often have co-existing medical conditions and complex social needs leading to prolonged hospital admission. The management of these @entity1 might be more appropriately undertaken by physicians specializing in elderly care medicine.

title: A retrospective review of emergency admission for XXXX in the over 75s.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries', 'acute head injury']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial injuries']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Primary @entity2 is the fourth most frequently diagnosed @entity5 , but gastric @entity3 from @entity2 is extremely rare. Little is known about its clinicopathological features, prognosis and optimal treatment strategy. The present study reports a case of @entity2 that metastasized to the stomach and to the best of our knowledge, is the first to identify discordance in @entity470 ( @entity470 ) mutation status between the @entity5 and gastric @entity3 . The study also systematically searched the Medline database for similar cases to provide a literature review. Data concerning the clinicopathological features, treatment strategies and outcomes were extracted and analyzed. In total, 22 eligible cases were identified from 16 studies. The average age at presentation was 67.3 years and there was a male predominance of 90.9%. @entity158 (45.5%) was the most common chief complaint, followed by melena (22.7%), @entity390 / @entity391 (13.6%) and hematemesis (9.1%). Three @entity1 were asymptomatic. Five @entity1 sought the initial consultation for gastrointestinal symptoms. The median time between the @entity2 diagnosis and the confirmation of gastric @entity3 was five months. Endoscopically, @entity1819 were described as polypoid masses or volcano-like @entity1066 , mostly involving the gastric corpus, which were identified in 62.5% of the 16 cases in which information regarding the site of @entity3 was available. Gastric metastases were reported from @entity420 , @entity957 , @entity151 and @entity189 of the lung. The median survival following comprehensive treatment strategies was four months, and the one-year post- @entity3 survival rate was 35.3%. In conclusion, although @entity2 @entity3 to the stomach is rare, clinicians should be aware of the possibility of its occurrence. Comprehensive and personalized treatment may be beneficial to @entity1 . @entity470 @entity669 -kinase inhibitor therapy may be the treatment of choice for @entity1149 @entity1 harboring an activating @entity470 mutation in the metastatic lesion.

title: Clinicopathological features and outcome of gastric metastases from XXXX : A case report and systematic review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1819 :: ('MESH:D013272', 'Disease') :: ['gastric lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['primary lung cancer', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['primary lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is well known that with age lipofuscin accumulates in the @entity989 ( @entity989 ). In many inherited @entity1020 such as @entity3987 abnormally high levels of @entity6973 were found by histopathological studies. In recent years, it has become possible to detect and image fundus autofluorescence in the living eye as an index of lipofuscin accumulation in the @entity989 . The aim of our study was to document the intrinsic fundus autofluorescence in @entity1 with different stages of @entity3987 and to correlate fundoscopic features with visual function in these @entity1 . METHODS: Images of fundus autofluorescence were obtained from 10 @entity1 with @entity3987 , using a @entity2788 ( @entity2788 ). Argon laser light (488 nm) was used for illumination, and a wide-bandpass filter with a cutoff of 500 nm was inserted in front of the detector to obtain the autofluorescence images. Images were compared with fundus appearance and @entity941 angiograms as well as with visual acuity, colour vision, visual fields and electrophysiological recordings in these @entity1 . RESULTS: In initial stages of @entity3987 , there were localised areas of hyperfluorescence centrally in the fovea, later being replaced by central hypofluorescence ( @entity3202 ) areas surrounded by hyperfluorescent rings. The evolution of autofluorescence pattern showed centrifugal spreading of retinal dysfunction from the centre towards periphery. Atrophic regions of the @entity989 were associated with low levels of background autofluorescence, lower visual acuity, @entity227 (70% of @entity1 ), central @entity1019 (85% of @entity1 ) and poorer electrophysiological results (reduced PERG responses in 45% of @entity1 with @entity3987 ). CONCLUSIONS: Fundus autofluorescence imaging provides new information regarding the content and spatial distribution of @entity989 lipofuscin in eyes with @entity3987 , which appears to correspond to retinal function. This may "in vivo" give important clues to the pathogenesis and progression of @entity3987 in which non-invasive autofluorescence imaging may replace fluorescein angiography.

title: Fundus autofluorescence imaging in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal colour vision']

entities_list: @entity6973 :: ('MESH:D008062', 'Chemical') :: ['lipofuscin']

entities_list: @entity2788 :: ('MESH:D015785', 'Disease') :: ['Heidelberg Retina Angiograph', 'HRA']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinal pigment epithelium', 'RPE']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['macular dystrophies']

entities_list: @entity3987 :: ('MESH:D057826', 'Disease') :: ["Best's vitelliform dystrophy", "Best's disease"]

answer: @entity3987 :: (MESH:D057826,Disease) :: ['Best's vitelliform dystrophy']


abstract: To ascertain the frequency of treatment-related @entity3052 and @entity2590 ( @entity3052 / @entity4289 ) in an unselected series, we have identified all adult cases analyzed in our department from 1976 to 1993. Further aims were to compare karyotypic features of @entity3052 / @entity4289 with de novo AML/ @entity4289 , in our material as well as in 5098 unselected, cyto- genetically abnormal, published cases, and to analyze associations between type of prior therapy and karyotype. Among our 372 AML and 389 @entity4289 , 47 (13%) were @entity3052 and 62 (16%) were @entity4289 . @entity2214 were significantly more common in @entity3052 and @entity4289 than in de novo disease (68% vs 50%, P < 0.05 and 84% vs 45%, P < 0.001, respectively). Among the available 4230 AML and 1629 @entity4289 (the present series and published cases), 14% were @entity3052 and 15% were @entity4289 . In @entity3052 / @entity4289 , the @entity154 and the ploidy levels differed significantly from de novo cases, with complex and hypodiploid karyotypes being more common in @entity3052 / @entity4289 . In @entity3052 , unbalanced changes in general, t(1;3), der(1;7), 3p-, -5, 5q-, -7, 7q-, t(9;11), t(11;19), t(11q23), der(12p), -17, der(17p), -18, and -21 were significantly more frequent than in de novo AML. In @entity4289 , -5, -7, 7q-, 13q-, der(17p), and -18 were significantly more common. Type of prior treatment correlated significantly with @entity154 in @entity3052 and with ploidy levels in @entity3052 / @entity4289 . The frequencies of several aberrations varied with type of therapy, eg, 5q- was more frequent in radiotherapy-associated @entity4289 , monosomy 7 was more common in @entity3052 and @entity4289 after treatment with alkylators, and t(11q23) in @entity3052 was associated with topoisomerase II inhibitors. Abnormalities significantly more common in de novo disease were +8 as a sole anomaly, balanced changes in general, t(8;21), t(9;22), t(15;17), inv(16), and t(21q22) in AML, and -Y, 5q-, and 20q- as sole anomalies and +8 in @entity4289 . The results emphasize the strong association between previous genotoxic exposure and karyotypic features.

title: Pooled analysis of clinical and cytogenetic features in treatment-related and de novo adult acute myeloid leukemia and XXXX based on a consecutive series of 761 patients analyzed 1976-1993 and on 5098 unselected cases reported in the literature 1974-2001.

entities_list: @entity2214 :: ('MESH:D007945', 'Disease') :: ['Clonal abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['number of anomalies']

entities_list: @entity2590 :: ('MESH:D009190', 'Disease') :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemias', 't-AML']

answer: @entity2590 :: (MESH:D009190,Disease) :: ['myelodysplastic syndromes']


abstract: KEY MESSAGE: Our simulation results clarify the areas of applicability of nine prediction methods and suggest the factors that affect their accuracy at predicting @entity8192 . Whole-genome prediction is used to predict genetic value from genome-wide markers. The choice of method is important for successful prediction. We compared nine methods using empirical data for eight phenological and morphological traits of Asian @entity579 cultivars ( @entity579 .) and data simulated from real marker genotype data. The methods were genomic BLUP (GBLUP), reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces regression (RKHS), Lasso, elastic net, random forest (RForest), Bayesian lasso (Blasso), extended Bayesian lasso (EBlasso), weighted Bayesian shrinkage regression (wBSR), and the average of all methods (Ave). The objectives were to evaluate the predictive ability of these methods in a cultivar population, to characterize them by exploring the area of applicability of each method using simulation, and to investigate the causes of their different accuracies for @entity8192 . GBLUP was the most accurate for one trait, RKHS and Ave for two, and RForest for three traits. In the simulation, Blasso, EBlasso, and Ave showed stable performance across the simulated scenarios, whereas the other methods, except wBSR, had specific areas of applicability; wBSR performed poorly in most scenarios. For each method, the accuracy ranking for the @entity8192 was largely consistent with that in one of the simulated scenarios, suggesting that the simulation conditions reflected the factors that affected the method accuracy for the empirical results. This study will be useful for genomic prediction not only in Asian @entity579 , but also in populations from other crops with relatively small training sets and strong linkage disequilibrium structures.

title: Exploring the areas of applicability of whole-genome prediction methods for Asian @entity579 ( XXXX .).

entities_list: @entity8192 :: ('MESH:C567520', 'Disease') :: ['empirical traits']

entities_list: @entity579 :: ('4530', 'Species') :: ['Oryza sativa L', 'rice']

answer: @entity579 :: (4530,Species) :: ['Oryza sativa L']


abstract: The compound eye of @entity1762 crucivora contains ventrally three types of histologically distinct ommatidia. An ommatidium contains nine photoreceptors, four of which (R1-4) construct the distal tier of the rhabdom. We determined the sensitivity spectra of the R1-4 distal photoreceptors in each type of ommatidia by intracellular electrophysiology and identified UV, blue, double-peaked blue, green, and a green receptor with @entity308 sensitivity in the violet. We localized these receptors in each type of ommatidia by injecting dye after the recording. In type I ommatidia the R1 and R2 cells are UV and blue receptors. When R1 is UV sensitive, R2 is always blue sensitive, or vice versa. R3 and R4 in type I are both green receptors. In type II, R1 and R2 are both double-peaked blue receptors and R3 and R4 are both green receptors with @entity308 sensitivity in the violet. In type III, R1 and R2 are both UV, and R3 and R4 are green receptors. The double-peaked blue, and green receptors with @entity308 sensitivity in the violet in @entity1605 have @entity308 sensitivity at 420 nm, which is probably due to the filtering effect of a fluorescing material present in the @entity1605 . Spectral heterogeneity of ommatidia seems to be a common design of insect compound eyes.

title: The photoreceptor localization confirms the spectral heterogeneity of ommatidia in the male small white butterfly, XXXX crucivora.

entities_list: @entity1605 :: ('OMIM:217000', 'Disease') :: ['type II ommatidia']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

answer: @entity1762 :: (64459,Species) :: ['Pieris rapae']


abstract: Family planning is fundamental for the appropriate structuring of the family. This offers knowledge to decide on the number of @entity1 , and the most adequate moment to have them. The current health information being advertised is based on visual communication. This fact hinders the @entity227 @entity1 to such important knowledge. The present study has as objectives the creation of self-instructional educational material concerning mechanical contraceptive methods and IUD, as well as its evaluation. The research was divided in two methodological parts. In the first part, methods that explored the senses of hearing and touch were elaborated. In the second part, these methods were tested by a sight impaired couple. The data for the evaluation was obtained through interviews. Results show that the use of appropriate content and language facilitate the understanding of the contraceptive methods by these @entity1 . Verbal and tactile communication was favored and contributed on the reconstruction of citizenship for the @entity227 .

title: [Barrier contraceptives and the IUD: educational technology for the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'children']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visually impaired', 'access of visually impaired']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visually impaired']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the long-term outcome in @entity6558 ( @entity6558 ) and @entity6017 ( @entity6017 ), with a particular emphasis on mortality and influence of treatment. METHODS: Diagnosis was based according to the Bohan and @entity14417 . @entity1 have been followed up by a standardised protocol. Deaths were registered and causes of @entity204 were ascertained. Survival probability at 5 and 10years was estimated according to the Kaplan-Meier method, in the overall series and by a diagnostic group and an initial treatment. Mortality hazard ratios (95% CI) for major clinical and demographic features were estimated through univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS: 91 @entity1 (43 @entity6558 and 48 @entity6017 ) were available for the study. Baseline characteristics were not different from those previously reported. Twenty-two @entity1 (24%) died after a median follow-up of 8.7years. As for idiopathic @entity5442 , the survival probabilities at 5 and 10years from the diagnosis were 96.2% and 88.8% for @entity6558 respectively; and 93.9% for @entity6017 , whereas a higher mortality was documented for @entity5 -associated @entity5442 and overlap @entity5442 . Male sex [HR=2.4, 95% CI 1.0 to 5.6], heart involvement (HR=1.8), @entity401 (HR=2.3) and @entity625 (HR=1.8) increased the risk of mortality, these risk excesses were confirmed in the multivariate analysis. Independent of these features, a higher mortality was documented for @entity1 treated with glucocorticoids (HR=2.3) or immunosuppressants (HR=2.1) when compared to @entity1 treated with immunoglobulins. CONCLUSION: Our study, with longitudinal and statistical analyses, suggests that survival has considerably increased in @entity1 with @entity6558 / @entity6017 . Prognostic factors for mortality are male sex, and heart and lung involvement. Immunoglobulin treatment, intravenously or subcutaneously, is associated with a better survival.

title: Impact of treatment on survival in @entity6558 and XXXX . A single-centre long-term follow-up study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6017 :: ('MESH:D003882', 'Disease') :: ['dermatomyositis', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity6558 :: ('MESH:D017285', 'Disease') :: ['PM', 'polymyositis']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['interstitial lung disease']

entities_list: @entity14417 :: ('MESH:C537884', 'Disease') :: ["Peter's criteria"]

answer: @entity6017 :: (MESH:D003882,Disease) :: ['dermatomyositis']


abstract: Stinging insect @entity566 is responsible for more than 10% of all cases of @entity2021 . The potential culprit insects are diverse and vary with geography. The incidence of insect @entity566 is declining in some areas and increasing in others, possibly due to effects of climate change, introduction of species into new areas, outdoor recreational activities, and movement of @entity1 populations that brings insects into contact with a greater number of @entity1 . Flying Hymenoptera and imported fire ant stings are responsible for the majority of @entity1 evaluated for insect @entity2021 . The most efficient means of identifying @entity566 to insects is skin testing although falsely positive and negative results occur. The limitations of testing coupled with the natural temporal variability of @entity56 sensitivity complicate the interpretation of test results. The clinical history is of paramount importance to be certain that the test results are relevant; therefore, screening or testing before a history of a sting reaction is not advisable. Mast cell disorders are associated with severe @entity2021 from insect stings and should be considered in affected subjects. Insect immunotherapy, using venoms for most insects and whole-body extracts for imported fire ants, is proven effective in reducing the likelihood of @entity2021 due to subsequent stings from 40%-60% to less than 5%. Future clinical application of component testing or in  vitro cellular tests, such as the basophil activation test, may improve optimal choices for immunotherapy.

title: Stinging insect XXXX : state of the art 2015.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity2021 :: ('MESH:D000707', 'Disease') :: ['anaphylaxis']

answer: @entity566 :: (MESH:D006967,Disease) :: ['allergy']


abstract: Accurate assessment of early @entity572 alterations may help optimize @entity1 selection and follow-up of @entity572 preservation surgery. Delayed @entity2287 -enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) is sensitive to the glycosaminoglycan content in cartilage that is lost early in the development of @entity571 ( @entity571 ). Hence, the dGEMRIC technique holds promise for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. However, because of the location of the @entity572 and due to the fairly thin cartilage layers that require high spatial resolution, the diagnosis of early @entity572 alterations may be problematic. The purpose of this review is to outline the current status of dGEMRIC in the assessment of @entity572 . A literature search was performed with PubMed, using the terms "cartilage, @entity571 , @entity572 , MRI, and dGEMRIC", considering all levels of studies. This review revealed that dGEMRIC can be reliably used in the evaluation of early stage cartilage pathology in various @entity2720 . Modifications in the technique, such as the operation of three-dimensional imaging and dGEMRIC after intra-articular contrast medium administration, have expanded the range of application. Notably, the studies differ considerably in @entity1 selection and technical prerequisites. Furthermore, there is a need for multicenter prospective studies with the required technical conditions in place to establish outcome based dGEMRIC data to obtain, in conjunction with clinical data, reliable threshold values for normal and abnormal cartilage, and for hips that may benefit from conservative or surgical treatment.

title: Current knowledge and importance of dGEMRIC techniques in diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['hip joint', 'hip joint deep within the body', 'hip joint cartilage']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['hip joint disorders']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

answer: @entity2720 :: (MESH:D007592,Disease) :: ['hip joint diseases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The natural course of native kidneys after @entity8 ( @entity8 ) or dialysis in @entity1 with @entity8 ( @entity8 ) remains poorly understood. METHODS: We measured the total volumes of native kidneys and liver in 78 and 68 @entity8 @entity1 , respectively, who had pre-transplant (within 2 years) and at least one post-transplant computed tomography (CT)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI); in 40 @entity1 with at least two post-transplant but no pre-transplant CT/MRIs; in 9 @entity1 on chronic hemodialysis with at least one CT/MRI before and after beginning dialysis; and in 5 @entity1 who had no image before and more than one image after dialysis. The last imaging was used in @entity1 with multiple studies. RESULTS: Mean total kidney volume (TKV) (    SD) prior to transplantation was 3187    1779 mL in the 78 @entity1 who had imaging before and after transplantation and decreased by 20.2, 28.6, 38.3 and 45.8% after 0.5-1 (mean 0.7), 1-3 (1.8), 3-10 (5.7) and >10 (12.6) years, respectively. In the multivariable analysis, time on dialysis prior to @entity8 and time from baseline to transplantation were negatively associated with reduction in TKV, whereas estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after transplantation and time from transplantation were positively associated with percent reduction in TKV. In the 40 @entity1 with imaging only after transplantation, TKV decreased by 3.2    16.3% between 7.2    6.0 and 11.2    6.8 years after transplantation (P < 0.001). TKV was 11.2    35.6% higher (P = NS) after a follow-up of 3.4    2.0 years in the 9 @entity1 with imaging before and after initiation of hemodialysis and 3.4    40.2% lower (P = NS) in the 5 @entity1 with imaging between 2.0    2.1 and 3.5    3.6 years after initiation of hemodialysis. In the 68 @entity1 with liver measurements, volume increased by 5.8    17.9% between baseline and follow-up at 3.7    3.8 years after transplantation (P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: TKV of native @entity8767 decreases substantially after @entity8 . The reduction occurs mainly during the early post-transplantation period and more slowly thereafter.

title: Volume regression of native @entity8767 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['RT', 'autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease', 'ADPKD', 'renal transplantation']

entities_list: @entity8767 :: ('MESH:D007690', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic kidneys']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal transplantation']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze the risks versus benefits of esophagogastroduodenoscopy performed soon after @entity583 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We studied 200 @entity1 who underwent endoscopy within 30 days after @entity583 with 200 controls matched for age, sex, and endoscopic indication who underwent endoscopy without a history of @entity583 within the prior 6 months. Odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) are reported. RESULTS: The indications for endoscopy included hematemesis in 88, @entity476 in 43, @entity1503 and @entity417 in 33, red blood per rectum in 13, @entity490 in 13, and other indications in 10. Endoscopy was performed a mean (+/- SD) of 9.1 +/- 8.9 days after @entity583 , was diagnostic in 85% of all the @entity1 , and was more frequently diagnostic when performed for hematemesis or @entity476 than when performed for other indications (92% vs 71%, P <0.0003). Common diagnoses included duodenal @entity1066 , gastric @entity1066 , @entity3621 , and @entity2910 . Fifteen post- @entity583 @entity1 (7.5%) suffered @entity532 , including fatal @entity1165 (n = 1), near @entity1576 (n = 1), mild @entity551 (n = 11), and moderate @entity519 (n = 2), compared with three @entity1 (1.5%) in the control group (OR = 5.3, CI = 1.5 to 19). @entity1 who had @entity532 after @entity583 had a significantly higher APACHE II score than those who did not (mean score of 17.3 +/- 5.8 vs 11.7 +/- 5.7, P <0.001). Endoscopic complications occurred in 21% (12 of 58) of post- @entity583 @entity1 who were very ill (APACHE II score > or = 16) but in only 2% (3 of 142) of those whose condition was relatively stable (APACHE II score < or = 15, OR = 12; CI = 3.3 to 45). @entity551 before endoscopy and a high APACHE II score were independent risk factors for complications in post- @entity583 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Relatively stable @entity1 with @entity360 and recent @entity583 can and should undergo esophagogastroduodenoscopy. Most @entity532 in these @entity1 are cardiopulmonary, and they generally occur in very ill @entity1 .

title: Safety and efficacy of esophagogastroduodenoscopy after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2910 :: ('MESH:D004941', 'Disease') :: ['esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic complications']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['fecal occult blood']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity3621 :: ('MESH:D005756', 'Disease') :: ['gastritis']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory arrest']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['Hypotension', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['upper gastrointestinal bleeding']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the association between characteristics of individuals with @entity1566 and @entity3501 and their perceived quality of life. DESIGN/METHODS: The study design is an exploratory, descriptive correlational design. To measure the variables of the study the Quality of Life Survey developed by Randell et al. (2001) was used to measure perceived quality of life related to bowel management. Individual bowel management preferences and subjective costs and benefits of the preferences were gathered through the Neurogenic Bowel Characteristics Survey. @entity1 /METHOD: Data were collected from a random half of the individuals who met the inclusion criteria from the @entity1 database (n=1193). Two hundred and forty one surveys were analyzed for this study. DISCUSSION: More than half of the sample (n=134) provided their own bowel management consisting of digital stimulation, suppositories, and other aids; 8% (n=19) had a colostomy. Regardless of the bowel management program 54% (n=127) were satisfied with current methods. Although time reported to complete bowel programs ranged from 1 to 120 minutes, there was no difference in rating of satisfaction with time. There was a statistically significant difference between those satisfied and dissatisfied with current bowel management and quality of life; those satisfied demonstrated a higher quality of life on three subscales, work function (p= .021), bowel problems (p< .001), and social function (p< .001). Those dissatisfied with their bowel program perceived a lower quality of life and indicated problems of time (p= .001), @entity158 or discomfort (p= .033), and poor results (p< .001). CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Research data provide the @entity1 's perspective on bowel management characteristics, complications, satisfaction, and their perceived quality of life. Results of this research will be incorporated into bowel management education and possible modification of the current inpatient bowel management program.

title: Characteristics of @entity3501 in XXXX and perceived quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

entities_list: @entity3501 :: ('MESH:D055496', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic bowel']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe the findings of fundus autofluorescence (FAF) imaging in @entity1 with blunt @entity2194 . METHODS: In this non-interventional retrospective study, we reviewed medical records and imaging examination results. The data analyzed included gender, age, laterality, @entity130 etiology, time between @entity130 and imaging, visual acuity, changes in the retinal periphery, fundus examination results, and FAF imaging findings. FAF imaging was performed using a Topcon TRC-50DX Retinal Camera (Tokyo, Japan). RESULTS: Eight eyes from 8 @entity1 were studied. The mean age was 27.6 years (range, 19-43 years). @entity1 (n=7) were more frequently affected by blunt @entity2194 than @entity1 (n=1). Physical aggression was the most common @entity130 etiology (n=3), followed by accidents with fireworks (n=2). Other causes were car accidents (n=1), occupational @entity130 caused by a grinder (n=1), or being hit by a stone (n=1). Visual acuity ranged from 20/80 to light perception. @entity2118 ( @entity2118 ) was identified in 5 cases, @entity397 in 3 cases, @entity548 in 3 cases, and @entity989 in 1 case. Hypoautofluorescence was observed in cases of @entity397 , recent @entity548 , and @entity548 , and in two cases of @entity2118 . Hyperautofluorescence was observed in cases of old @entity548 and at the edge of the lesion in two cases of @entity397 . Mild hyperautofluorescence was observed in the posterior pole in @entity989 . Three cases of @entity2118 exhibited hypoautofluorescence with diffuse hyperautofluorescent areas. CONCLUSION: FAF imaging is a non-invasive method for assessing changes in the posterior segment of the eye resulting from blunt @entity2194 . Furthermore, this technique provides valuable information. We described the findings of FAF imaging in cases of @entity2118 , @entity397 , @entity548 , and @entity989 .

title: Fundus autofluorescence in blunt XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Men']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular trauma']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['subretinal hemorrhage', 'intraretinal hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['choroidal rupture']

entities_list: @entity2118 :: ('MESH:D010859', 'Disease') :: ['Traumatic pigment epitheliopathy', 'TPE']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['Purtscher   s retinopathy']

answer: @entity2194 :: (MESH:D005128,Disease) :: ['ocular trauma']


abstract: @entity12819 ( @entity12819 ) is thought to be a prominent neuropeptide in cardiovascular regulation and neuroimmune modulation. There are two isoforms of @entity12819 ( @entity48313 and betaCGRP), and the main @entity12819 receptors are probably composed of a @entity63239 . However, the physiological functions of @entity12819 that are mediated through the CLR/ @entity63239 receptors remain to be clarified. For an improved understanding of the functions, we generated @entity19 deficient in @entity63239 , a specific subunit of @entity12819 receptors, by a conditional gene-targeting technique. The @entity63239 -deficient @entity19 ( @entity63239 (-/-)) exhibited @entity101 , with no changes in heart rate. @entity48313 was found to have a potent vascular relaxant activity compared with @entity48313 in the artery of the WT ( @entity63239 (+/+)) @entity19 . The activities of both @entity12819 isoforms were remarkably suppressed in the arteries of the @entity63239 (-/-) @entity19 . The LPS-induced inflammatory responses of the @entity63239 (-/-) @entity19 revealed a transient and significant increase in the serum @entity12819 levels and high serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines compared with the @entity63239 (+/+) @entity19 . @entity48313 and betaCGRP equally suppressed the production of @entity637 and IL-12 in bone marrow-derived dendritic cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. Their inhibitory effects were not observed in the bone marrow-derived dendritic cells of the @entity63239 (-/-) @entity19 . These results indicate that @entity12819 signaling through CLR/ @entity63239 receptors plays a crucial role in the regulation of both blood pressure by vascular relaxation and proinflammatory cytokine production from dendritic cells.

title: @entity101 and dysregulated proinflammatory cytokine production in receptor activity-modifying protein 1-deficient XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['high blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity63239 :: ('51801(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['RAMP1', 'calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and a receptor activity-modifying protein (RAMP)1']

entities_list: @entity48313 :: ('MESH:D015740', 'Chemical') :: ['betaCGRP', 'alphaCGRP']

entities_list: @entity12819 :: ('12310(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Calcitonin gene-related peptide', 'CGRP']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: @entity447 severity is closely correlated to the @entity2801 ( @entity2801 ) activity, which can be measured in different ways. The original one-stage clotting assay is still the most widely used. The two-stage coagulation assay eliminated many of the drawbacks of the one-stage assay and was further developed into the chromogenic assay, a two-staged test with @entity3459 factors in the first stage, and a FXa-specific chromogenic substrate in the second stage. In many @entity1 with mild or moderate @entity447 , there is a discrepancy between the one-stage and the two-stage assays. If only the one-stage assay is used, some @entity1 will have normal @entity2801 levels and not be diagnosed as having @entity447 or be considered to have a milder @entity548 risk than is the case. Other @entity1 who have normal @entity2801 activity will be diagnosed as @entity447 . All @entity447 treatment centre laboratories should have access to both one-stage and chromogenic @entity2801 :C assays. Appropriate standards should be employed to enable accurate @entity2801 :C measurement. Different assays to measure inhibitor activity to infused @entity2801 have been developed since 1959. Inhibitor results based on the one-stage or chromogenic @entity2801 :C assays are well correlated, but the one-stage assay may be influenced by nonspecific inhibition.

title: One-stage vs. chromogenic assays in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity447 :: ('MESH:D006467', 'Disease') :: ['Haemophilia A', 'haemophilia', 'haemophilia A']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['purified coagulation']

answer: @entity447 :: (MESH:D006467,Disease) :: ['haemophilia A']


abstract: IMPORTANCE: Minimally invasive endoscopic techniques are an appealing alternative to open surgical management of pediatric @entity5142 ( @entity5142 ), but more information is needed to understand the comparative risks, benefits, and limitations of such interventions. OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of @entity384 ( @entity384 ) and laryngotracheoplasty (LTP) in pediatric @entity1 with @entity5142 and to identify @entity1 and disease factors that are associated with successful @entity384 . DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : A retrospective medical record review of @entity1 undergoing @entity384 and LTP for @entity5142 in a tertiary care @entity1 's hospital from 2006 through 2012. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Success was defined as decannulation or tracheotomy avoidance. Additional outcomes were total number of procedures and number of unplanned procedures. Univariate   2 analyses and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify @entity1 and disease factors statistically associated with success within treatment groups. RESULTS: Overall, 86 of 90 @entity1 (96%) successfully avoided tracheotomy or were decannulated. Fourteen @entity1 were successfully treated with @entity384 , but for 13 @entity1 , @entity384 failed, and they underwent LTP. A total of 76 @entity1 underwent LTP. In univariate analyses, @entity1 for whom @entity384 was successful were more likely to have mild (grade 1 or 2; n   =   10) than severe (grade 3 or 4; n   =   4) @entity5142 compared with @entity1 for whom @entity384 failed (grade 1 or 2, n   =   0 vs grade 3 or 4, n   =   13) (P   <   .001). Three @entity1 who underwent initial @entity384 had worsening @entity850 . @entity1 initially treated with @entity384 were more likely to require unplanned surgical intervention during their treatment (6 of 27; 22%) than @entity1 initially treated with LTP (3 of 63; 5%) (P   =   .01). @entity1 initially treated with @entity384 had a lower number of airway interventions and/or evaluations under anesthesia (mean, 6.7) during their course of treatment than @entity1 initially treated with LTP (mean, 9.2) (P   =   .003). In multivariate analyses, only severe @entity5142 was significantly associated with failure of initial @entity384 (13 of 13 [100%] with type 3 or 4 vs 4 of 14 with type 1 or 2 [29%]) (P   =   .002). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: For severe @entity5142 , @entity384 has limited application compared with LTP, and in some cases failed @entity384 is even detrimental, increasing the risk of unplanned urgent interventions compared with LTP.

title: A Comparative Analysis of Open Surgery vs Endoscopic Balloon Dilation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['EBD', 'endoscopic balloon dilation']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity5142 :: ('MESH:D007829', 'Disease') :: ['subglottic stenosis', 'SGS']

answer: @entity5142 :: (MESH:D007829,Disease) :: ['Pediatric Subglottic Stenosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Minimally invasive @entity418 surgery (MIES) has been performed at some experienced health centers. MIES has shown to be feasible and safe in @entity418 surgery. However, there are a few reports concerning the learning curve of MIES. METHODS: From 2004 to 2007, MIES was performed in 28 @entity1 by a single surgeon. This amount includes total MIES that contained thoracoscopic esophagectomy, laparoscopic gastric preparation, cervical @entity254 and hybrid MIES that contained only one scope surgery. Surgical outcomes and clinical factors in the first 14 @entity1 (group A) and the other 14 @entity1 (group B) were compared. RESULTS: There were no differences in clinical factors between the two groups. Total MIES was completed in 14 @entity1 , while 13 @entity1 underwent hybrid MIES. There were 6 cases of emergent conversion to open procedures; one case was a thoracotomy and 5 cases were a laparotomy. Chest, abdominal, and total operation time were shorter in group B (p<0.05). The amount of red cell transfusions and intensive care unit stay times were less in the total MIES group (p<0.05). There was one hospital mortality due to acute @entity649 . @entity260 rate was 43%. CONCLUSIONS: As cases increase, surgical outcomes have improved. We think that this report showed a substantial learning curve for a complex surgery such as MIES.

title: Learning curves of minimally invasive XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complication']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal cancer']


abstract: SCC-RA is one of the fractions of @entity27299 , extracted and purified from uterine @entity957 . I studied SCC-RA in order to evaluate its significance as a @entity5 marker for @entity418 . In 32 of 75 (42.7%) @entity418 patients, serum SCC-RA was positive. As compared with @entity28223 and @entity10580 , SCC-RA was the best marker to monitor @entity418 . SCC-RA positive @entity1 tended to die earlier than negative ones, and it was considered to be one of the prognostic factors. In the immunohistochemical study using anti SCC-RA monoclonal antibody, both the normal epithelium and the @entity189 tissue reacted with SCC-RA. In the @entity189 tissue. SCC-RA reactivity was observed in 27 of 31 specimens (87%). However there was no correlation among the reactivity, the serum level and clinical stage. Furthermore, I studied the relationship between the @entity5 growth and the serum SCC-RA levels in the @entity19 bearing @entity1 @entity1721 xenografts. The SCC-RA levels in @entity19 sera gradually increased and they correlated well to the @entity5 volume. In conclusion, SCC-RA reflected the @entity5 volume and clinical stage, and SCC-RA is useful for monitoring @entity418 @entity1 .

title: [Clinical and fundamental study of a XXXX related antigen (SCC-RA) for @entity1721 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cervical squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1721 :: ('MESH:C562729', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal cancer', 'esophageal carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: Proximal gastrectomy (PG) is occasionally performed to preserve the physiological function of the remnant stomach with the aim of maintaining a gastric reservoir for @entity1 with early @entity356 in the upper third of the stomach. Many reconstructive procedures after PG have been reported, including esophagogastrostomy (EG), jejunal interposition, jejunal pouch interposition, and double tract. However, no general agreement exists regarding the optimal reconstructive procedure. This article reviews the current reconstructive procedures available for PG. We examined the surgical outcomes, @entity260 , endoscopic findings, and quality of life (QOL) according to the reconstructive procedures. We found no significant difference in anastomotic leakage and anastomotic stricture among the procedures. The frequency of @entity354 was higher with simple EG compared with the other reconstructive procedures. Some additional procedures, such as fundoplication, the use of a narrow gastric conduit, and placement of a gastric tube in the lower mediastinum on EG, could decrease the frequency of @entity354 and @entity304 . These additional procedures may improve the QOL; however, the previous studies were small and could not adequately compare the reconstructive procedures. Prospective randomized controlled trials that involve a longer trial period and more institutions are needed to clarify the optimal reconstructive procedures after PG.

title: Reconstruction after proximal gastrectomy for XXXX in the upper third of the stomach: a review of the literature published from 2000 to 2014.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['reflux symptoms']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['reflux esophagitis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity356 is a significant cause of death in Ireland. Surgery offers the best option of cure, but the five-year survival following resection remains dismal at 10-15%. Experience from Japan and from some Western units suggest that an extended (D2) lymphadenectomy in association with gastrectomy increases the prospect of cure, but concern about the morbidity and mortality of this operation and lack of evidence from randomised studies has limited its acceptance. AIMS: This study reports the experience of a specialist upper gastrointestinal unit with D2 gastrectomy in a four-year audit. METHODS: Sixty-two resections were performed for @entity356 . RESULTS: Nineteen @entity1 were deemed unsuitable for the D2 procedure and underwent a more limited lymphadenectomy (D0 or D1). Forty-three @entity1 underwent D2 resection, 12 with an oesophagogastrectomy, 22 with total gastrectomy and nine with a sub-total distal resection. Eight @entity1 undergoing D2 resection had extended resections, five with splenectomy and three with a distal pancreatectomy. @entity532 occurred in 31% of @entity1 . Thirty-day and 90-day mortality were zero. Median survival was 822 days in the D2 group (range 120-1,320). CONCLUSIONS: These results show that a D2 gastrectomy can be performed with a low morbidity and mortality and a median survival of greater than two years.

title: D2 lymphadenectomy in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['Post-operative complications']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['Gastric carcinoma', 'gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: We investigated whether an alteration of myofilament @entity460 responsiveness and contractile activation may in part contribute to @entity712 . A control group of Broad Breasted White @entity233 poults was given regular feed without additive, whereas the experimental group was given the control ration with 700 ppm of @entity15183 at 1 week of age for 3 weeks (DCM). At 4 weeks of age, left ventricular trabeculae carneae were isolated from hearts and @entity460 -force relationships studied. No differences in @entity460 -activation between fibers from control or failing hearts were noted under standard experimental conditions. Also failing hearts demonstrated no significant shift in the population of troponin T isoforms but we did observe a significant 4-fold decrease in TnT content in failing hearts compared to non-failing hearts. Addition of @entity5834 , however, resulted in a greater leftward shift on the @entity460 axis in fibers from failing hearts. At pCa 6, @entity5834 increased force by 26+/-2.1% in control fibers and 44.5+/-8.7% in @entity121 fibers. @entity1919 resulted in a greater rightward shift on the @entity460 axis in failing myocardium. In control muscles, the frequency of minimum stiffness (f(min)) was higher than in muscles from failing hearts. @entity268 and @entity5834 both shifted f(min) to higher frequencies in control fibers whereas in fibers from failing hearts both caused a greater shift. These results lead us to conclude that @entity712 exerts differential effects on @entity268 and @entity5834 responsiveness. Our data suggest that changes at the level of the thin myofilaments may alter myofilament @entity460 responsiveness and contribute to the @entity409 seen in @entity712 .

title: Myofibrillar responsiveness to @entity268 , PKA, and XXXX in an animal model of @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity15183 :: ('MESH:D005664', 'Chemical') :: ['furazolidone']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['contractile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine']

entities_list: @entity1919 :: ('MESH:D000242', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclic AMP']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathic']

answer: @entity5834 :: (MESH:D002110,Chemical) :: ['caffeine']


abstract: We report a case of @entity5 with @entity124 ( @entity124 ) that probably resulted from @entity4309 and that was diagnosed after Cesarean section. The @entity1 was a 28-year-old @entity1 (gravid 1, para 1) without a significant medical history. At 35 gestational weeks, vaginal ultrasonography revealed a 5   cm @entity5 behind the uterine cervix, which was diagnosed as a uterine @entity1868 . The @entity5 gradually increased in size and blocked the birth canal, resulting in the @entity1 undergoing an emergency Cesarean section. Postoperatively, the @entity5 was diagnosed as @entity5 with @entity124 . After concurrent chemoradiation therapy, a lower anterior resection was performed. The @entity1 's family history revealed she met the criteria of the revised Bethesda guidelines for testing the @entity14 for @entity124 . Testing revealed that the @entity5 did indeed show high @entity124 and, combined with the family history, suggested this could be a case of @entity4309 . Our findings emphasize the importance of considering the possibility of @entity4309 in pregnant @entity1 with @entity14 , particularly those with a family history of this condition. We suggest that the presence of @entity4309 should also be considered for any young @entity1 with @entity43 .

title: @entity5 Diagnosed after Cesarean Section in Which High Microsatellite Instability Indicated the Presence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['endometrial, ovarian, or colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity124 :: ('MESH:D053842', 'Disease') :: ['MSI', 'microsatellite instability']

entities_list: @entity4309 :: ('MESH:D003123', 'Disease') :: ['Lynch syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal tumor', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity4309 :: (MESH:D003123,Disease) :: ['Lynch Syndrome']


abstract: By means of an experimental i.v. and i.m. @entity398 administration the quantitative relation between the amount of @entity398 and the quantity of ejected milk in @entity1237 was confirmed. With increasing @entity398 doses the latency period after the i.v. administration shortened, from 0.33 min. after 50 mU to 0.21 min. following 1000 mU. After the 2000 mU dose the latency period did not substantially change any more (0.18 min). The situation was nevertheless different after the i.m. @entity398 administration. No ejection followed after the 50 mU dose. Beginning with the 500 mU dose the latency period shortened, from 2.91 min. to 1.30 min. after the 2000 mU dose. With both administration manners the ejection time was prolonged up to the 1000 mU dose, then it did not substantially change. Similarly also the amount of ejected milk increased with the two administration methods up to 1000 mU, amounting to 20.6% after the i.v. and to 17.9% after i.m. administration. After 2000 mU the amount of milk ejected failed to substantially change, amounting to 19.4% with both administration manners. In experiments with manual udder stimulation with respect to feeding, the stimuli during feeding were found to influence the course of the milk ejection reflex. As compared with the pre-feeding experiments, the latency period after feeding was prolonged from 0.83 min. to 1.49 min; the amount of alveolar milk expressed in per cent of the total milk yield obtained decreased from 18.9 to 7.9%, and the ejection time shortened from 2.29 to 0.70 min. In the study the effect of various feeds on the alveolar milk ejection was also followed. Water administration did not call forth dropping off of the milk. Feeding hay called forth the ejection of 2.5% of alveolar milk occurring after an 0.25 min. latency period. Pollard provoked the ejection of 3% and the ejection time shortened from 2.29 toats (20%) can at least partially be ascribed to milk release during food intake.

title: [Milk ejection in XXXX and its influencing by feed].

entities_list: @entity398 :: ('MESH:D010121', 'Chemical') :: ['oxytocin']

answer: @entity1237 :: (9925,Species) :: ['goats']