abstract: @entity3204 ( @entity3204 ) is an obligate intracellular parasite which can infect almost all warm-blood animals, leading to @entity3252 . Screening and discovery of an effective vaccine candidate or new drug target is crucial for the control of this disease. In this study, the recombinant @entity3204 elongation factor 1-alpha (rTgEF-1a) was successfully expressed in in @entity526 . Passive immunization of mice with anti-rTgEF-1a polyclonal antibody following challenge with a lethal dose of tachyzoites significantly increased the survival time compared with PBS control group. The survival time of @entity19 challenged with tachyzoites pretreated with anti-rTgEF-1a PcAb also was significantly increased. Invasion of tachyzoites into @entity19 macrophages was significantly inhibited in the anti-rTgEF-1a PcAb pretreated group. @entity19 vaccinated with rTgEF-1a induced a high level of specific @entity1619 . gondii antibodies and production of @entity60 , @entity58 . The expression levels of MHC-I and @entity8200 molecules as well as the percentages of @entity1961 (+) and CD8(+) T cells in @entity19 vaccinated with rTgEF-1a was significantly increased, respectively (P < 0.05), compared with all the controls. Immunization with rTgEF-1a significantly (P < 0.05) prolonged survival time (14.53    1.72 days) after challenge infection with the virulent @entity27774 . These results indicate that @entity3204 EF-1a plays an essential role in mediating host cell invasion by the parasite and, as such, could be a candidate vaccine antigen against @entity3252 .

title: XXXX Elongation Factor 1-Alpha (TgEF-1a) Is a Novel Vaccine Candidate Antigen against @entity3252 .

entities_list: @entity27774 :: ('383379', 'Species') :: ['T. gondii RH strain']

entities_list: @entity3252 :: ('MESH:D014123', 'Disease') :: ['toxoplasmosis']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity3204 :: ('5811', 'Species') :: ['T. gondii', 'Toxoplasma gondii']

answer: @entity3204 :: (5811,Species) :: ['Toxoplasma gondii']


abstract: An oxidant/antioxidant imbalance is seen in the lungs of @entity1 with @entity565 . This oxidative stress in asthmatic airways may lead to activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors, NF-kappaB and @entity9829 . We examined the effect of the small molecule inhibitor of redox-regulated NF-kappaB and @entity9829 transcription, @entity63051 on airway @entity32 and @entity1224 ( @entity1224 ) in a @entity19 model of @entity565 . @entity63051 is a potent nonpeptide inhibitor of NF-kappaB and @entity9829 based upon a beta-strand template that binds to and inhibits the cellular redox protein thioredoxin. BALB/c @entity19 after i.p. OVA sensitization (day 0) were challenged with intranasal OVA on days 14, 25, 26, and 27. @entity63051 , administered intranasal on days 25-27, blocked the airway inflammatory response to OVA assessed 24 h after the last OVA challenge on day 28. @entity63051 reduced eosinophil, @entity1312 , and @entity639 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and airway tissue @entity1712 and mucus hypersecretion. @entity63051 also decreased @entity1224 in vivo to @entity2710 . These results support redox-regulated transcription as a therapeutic target in @entity565 and demonstrate that selective inhibitors can reduce @entity32 and @entity1224 .

title: A small molecule inhibitor of redox-regulated NF-kappa B and activator protein-1 transcription blocks XXXX in a @entity19 @entity565 model.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['allergic airway inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilia']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['AHR', 'airway hyperreactivity']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['allergic airway inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and long-term results of early gastric surgery for @entity1 with isolated @entity356 following acid @entity130 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) series was routinely performed around the 4th week after acid @entity130 . @entity1 with @entity356 and no risk of delayed esophageal stricture underwent early solitary gastric surgery, which was defined when performance of the procedure took place within 2 months of the injury. RESULTS: From June 1988 to June 2000, 35 of 378 @entity1 with acid @entity130 developed isolated @entity356 . Twenty-four (68.6%) lesions were located in the antrum, and 11 (31.4%) in the gastric body. Postprandial vomiting presented earlier for the antral stricture group (17.6 +/- 1.1 versus 25.4 +/- 3.4 days after injury; p = 0.005). The UGI series was performed from 16 to 41 days after injury (average 25 days). Of the 35 acid @entity130 @entity1 in this study, 4 were excluded because of late referrals to our institution or the @entity1 's hesitation which resulted in delayed surgery. The remaining 31 @entity1 underwent gastric surgery 35.7 +/- 3.2 days after ingestion (34.6 +/- 3.6 and 38.1 +/- 3.4 days for cases of antral and gastric body stricture, respectively). Surgical procedures consisted of hemigastrectomy (n = 16), antrectomy (n = 2), gastroenterostomy (n = 2), subtotal gastrectomy (n = 6), and total gastrectomy (n = 5). There were 4 cases of @entity260 (12.9%) including adhesion ileus (n = 2), wound @entity281 (n = 1), and massive, postoperative UGI @entity548 (n = 1). Surgical mortality was zero. All @entity1 tolerated oral intake well after surgery. During the minimum follow-up period of 1 year, 1 @entity1 developed @entity850 , which was resolved by dilation, and there was 1 case of dumping syndrome, which was treated by diet control. CONCLUSION: Early surgery correction is feasible and safe if @entity1 with isolated @entity356 following acid @entity130 are carefully selected. All @entity1 in our study recovered early, with a low morbidity rate.

title: Early surgical correction for isolated @entity356 following acid XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['esophagojejunostomy stenosis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric stricture']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['corrosion injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['corrosion injury']


abstract: @entity12924 ( @entity12924 ) is a rare form of acquired @entity2026 in @entity1 , characterized by @entity302 , which occur mostly during sleep. After normal speech and language development, @entity2026 develops between the ages of 3-7 years in a period ranging from days to months. The @entity302 usually disappear after reaching adulthood, but language outcomes are usually poor if no treatment focused on restoration of (non-) verbal communication is given. @entity1 often appear deaf-mute, but sign language, as part of the treatment, may lead to recovery of communication. The neural mechanisms underlying poor language outcomes in @entity12924 are not yet understood. In this detailed functional MRI study of a recovered @entity12924 @entity1 - that is, a @entity1 no longer suffering from @entity302 , audiovisual multi-sensory processing was investigated, since @entity12924 @entity1 are often proficient in reading, but not in speech perception. In the recovered @entity12924 @entity1 a large difference in the neural activation to auditory stimuli was found in the left versus the right auditory cortex, which cannot be attributed to @entity393 . Compared to healthy proficient readers investigated earlier with the same fMRI experiment, the @entity1 demonstrated normal letter-sound integration in the superior temporal gyrus as demonstrated by the multi-sensory interaction index, indicating intact STG function. Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) based fiber tracking in the @entity12924 @entity1 showed fibers originating from Heschl's gyrus that seem to be left-right inverted with respect to HG fiber pattern described in the literature for healthy controls. In the @entity1 , in both hemispheres we found arcuate fibers projecting from (homologues of) Broca's to @entity244 , and a lack of fibers from arcuate left inferior parietal and sylvian areas reported in healthy subjects. We observed short arcuate segments in the right hemisphere. Although speculative, our results suggest intact temporal lobe processing but an altered temporal to frontal connectivity. The altered connectivity might explain observed short-term verbal @entity2414 , disturbed (speech) sound-motor interaction and online feedback of speech and might be one of the neuronal factors underlying @entity12924 .

title: Evidence for normal letter-sound integration, but altered language pathways in a case of recovered XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12924 :: ('MESH:D018887', 'Disease') :: ['Landau-Kleffner Syndrome', 'LKS']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory problems']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic discharges']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Wernicke's areas"]

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

answer: @entity12924 :: (MESH:D018887,Disease) :: ['Landau-Kleffner Syndrome']


abstract: The monomer and dimer of the bacterium @entity5134 endonuclease (SMnase) are each catalytically active and the two subunits of the dimer function independently of each other. Specific interfacial waters may play a role in stability, complex formation, and functionality. We performed molecular dynamics simulations of both a subunit of SMnase and its model built complex with DNA and analyzed the relation of the hydration sites to the catalytic mechanism. It was found that the binding of DNA has little influence on the global hydration properties of the protein, including occupancy and water residence time distributions. DNA and protein recognition in our model mainly involves direct contacts by @entity3884 bond and hydrophobic interactions. Water-mediated contacts exist, but are less common. Three interior water clusters were identified for SMnase. One cluster around the active site in the monomer-DNA complex shows relatively strong interactions between hydration sites as well as between the sites and the biomolecules. The simulated cluster properties agreed well with experimental data. The @entity1760 ion shows ligand exchange. Although Mg2+ keeps six ligands during the entire simulation, upon the binding of DNA, @entity2734 119 loses its coordination with @entity1025 , while one nonbridging @entity26 of the @entity1391 of a DNA residue and two @entity26 atoms of the side chain of @entity367 127 become the ligands. Waters in a nearby cluster exchange and participate in the resolvation of groups in the presence of DNA. Water thus not only participates in the cleavage of DNA but also can stabilize the transition state and the leaving groups in our model.

title: Solvent participation in XXXX endonuclease complexes.

entities_list: @entity5134 :: ('615', 'Species') :: ['Serratia marcescens']

entities_list: @entity3884 :: ('MESH:D006859', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity5134 :: (615,Species) :: ['Serratia marcescens']


abstract: Circadian clocks comprise several regulatory feedback loops that control gene transcription. However, recent evidence has shown that posttranslational mechanisms are also required for clock function. In @entity958 , members of the PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR (PRR) family were proposed to be components of the central oscillator. Using a @entity6765 -specific antibody, we characterized changes in @entity6765 protein levels in relation to its mRNA levels under various circadian conditions. Under long-day conditions, @entity6765 mRNA levels are undetectable at dusk but @entity6765 protein levels remain maximal. Upon dark transition, however, @entity6765 levels decrease rapidly, indicating dark-induced, posttranslational regulation. We demonstrated that the Pseudo-Receiver (PR) domain of @entity6765 interacts directly with the F box protein ZEITLUPE (ZTL) in vitro and in vivo. Analyses of mutants and transgenic plants revealed an inverse correlation between @entity6765 and ZTL levels, which depends on the PR domain. These results indicate that @entity6765 is negatively regulated by ZTL, which likely mediates its ubiquitination and degradation. Phenotypic analyses of @entity6765 ztl double mutants showed that @entity6765 is required for ZTL functions. ZTL contains a Light- @entity26 -Voltage domain, and its activity may be directly regulated by blue light. Consistent with this notion, we found that blue light stabilizes @entity6765 , although it does not alter ZTL levels. Together, our results show that ZTL targets @entity6765 for degradation by 26S proteasomes in the circadian clock and in early photomorphogenesis.

title: Targeted degradation of PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATOR5 by an SCFZTL complex regulates clock function and photomorphogenesis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN:: A retrospective review. OBJECTIVE:: To study time to development, clinical and radiographic characteristics, and management of proximal junctional @entity1513 (PJK) following thoracolumbar instrumented fusion for @entity85 ( @entity85 ). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA:: PJK continues to be a common mode of failure following @entity85 surgery. Although literature exists on possible risk factors, data on management remain limited. METHODS:: A retrospective review of medical records of 289 consecutive @entity85 @entity1 who underwent posterior segmental instrumentation incorporating at least 5 segments was conducted. PJK was defined as proximal kyphotic angle >10 degrees. RESULTS:: PJK occurred in 32 @entity1 (11%) at a mean follow-up of 34 months (range, 1.3-61.9  19 mo). Sixteen (50%) @entity1 were revised (mean, 1.7 revisions; range, 1-3) at a mean follow-up of 9.6 months (range, 0.7-40 mo); primary indications for revision were @entity158 (n=16), @entity602 (n=6), instability (n=4), and instrumentation protrusion (n=2). Comparison of preindex and postindex surgery radiographic parameters demonstrated significant improvement in @entity1515 (24 vs. 42 degrees, P<0.001), pelvic incidence-lumbar @entity1515 mismatch (30 vs. 11 degrees, P<0.001), and pelvic tilt (29 vs. 23 degrees, P<0.011). The mean T5-T12 @entity1513 worsened (30 vs. 53 degrees, P<0.001) and the mean global sagittal spinal alignment failed to improve (9.6 vs. 8.0 cm, P=0.76). There was no apparent relationship between the absolute PJK angle and revision surgery (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:: The @entity1 in this series who developed PJK had substantial preoperative positive sagittal malalignment that remained inadequately corrected following surgery, likely resulting from a combination of inadequate surgical correction and a significant compensatory increase in @entity1513 . In the absence of direct relationship between a greater PJK angle and worse clinical outcome, clinical symptoms and neurological status rather than absolute reliance on radiographic parameters should drive the decision to pursue revision surgery.

title: Time to Development, Clinical and Radiographic Characteristics, and Management of Proximal Junctional Kyphosis Following Adult Thoracolumbar Instrumented Fusion for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1513 :: ('MESH:D007738', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic kyphosis', 'kyphosis']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity1515 :: ('MESH:D008141', 'Disease') :: ['lordosis', 'mean lumbar lordosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['adult spinal deformity', 'ASD']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['Spinal Deformity']


abstract: @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ) provides accurate nodal staging for @entity0 . This technique has been introduced in Siriraj Hospital since 1998. The goal of this study is to assess its accuracy in predicting the state of the axilla, and compare the results of standard examination and multilevel sectioning. A retrospective analysis of 195 @entity0 @entity1 who underwent both @entity1600 biopsy (using dye alone as the lymphatic mapping) and axillary node dissection during 1998-2002 were analyzed. All slides including SLNs and the non-SLNs (NSLNs) were reviewed and multilevel study was performed on all SLNs and NSLNs [four levels of @entity1710 - @entity1711 (HE) at 200   m interval and keratin stains on the first and fourth levels]. Of 195 @entity1 , 30% of cases were @entity1600 -positive (32 NSLN-positive and 27 NSLN-negative). Additional study could detect positive axillary nodes 10.8% (4 @entity1600 -positive and 5 NSLN-positive) more than standard HE stain. The false negative rate increased from 20.3% to 24.1%. The concordance between @entity1600 and NSLN statuses was 89.7%. The sensitivity was 75.9%. By multivariate analysis, the significant predictors for axillary node @entity3 were @entity5 size of more than 2.2 cm, histologic type of @entity513 ( @entity513 ), not otherwise specified (NOS) and lymphovascular invasion (LVI). By univariable analysis, the significant predictors of NSLN @entity3 after positive- @entity1600 were outer location of the @entity5 , LVI and perinodal extension. In conclusion, use of multilevel and immunohistochemistry increased detection of positive-SLNs. Caution should be kept in accepting @entity1600 biopsy using peritumoral dye technique alone as the procedure for staging due to a high false-negative rate. The concordance rate of 89.7% confirmed the reliability of @entity1600 . Outer location of @entity5 , LVI and perinodal extension is significant predictors of positive-NSLN after positive- @entity1600 .

title: Histologic evaluation of sentinel and non-sentinel axillary lymph nodes in XXXX by multilevel sectioning and predictors of non-sentinel @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['Sentinel lymph node', 'SLN']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['IDC', 'invasive ductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the therapeutic action and safety of @entity12802 , a new non steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, in 2 oral daily dose regimens of 8 and 16 mg in comparison with oral @entity3522 150 mg/day in @entity1 with @entity309 . METHODS: Double blind double-dummy cross-over, controlled trial. The two treatments were given for ten-day periods, separated by a three-day wash-out interval. @entity1 of both sexes with classical or definite @entity309 according to the A.R.A. criteria were enrolled in the study. RESULTS: Fourteen @entity1 (12F, 2M) were admitted, mean age 61.6 years +/- 6.7 (+/-SD), duration of illness 12.7 years +/- 11.9. @entity12802 8 and 16 mg/day showed a good therapeutic activity, comparable with @entity3522 150 mg/day. Two @entity1 complained adverse events with @entity3522 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity12802 16 mg/day was associated with a more sharp action and a better tolerability than @entity3522 in @entity309 . The twice a day dosage of @entity12802 revealed to be appropriate.

title: [Analgesic dose range finding of @entity12802 compared to @entity3522 . Crossover double blind study in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity12802 :: ('MESH:C059451', 'Chemical') :: ['Lornoxicam', 'lornoxicam']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The circadian system is known to play a role in @entity413 metabolism. Chronotype reflects the interindividual variability in the phase of entrainment. Those with later chronotype typically prefer later times in the day for different activities such as sleep or meals. Later chronotype has been shown to be associated with @entity209 , @entity6 and poorer glycemic control in type 2 @entity6 @entity1 . In @entity6100 ", a form of circadian misalignment due to a mismatch between social rhythms and the circadian clock, has been shown to be associated with insulin resistance. Other @entity25 (insufficient sleep, poor @entity25 and sleep @entity386 ) have also been shown to affect @entity413 metabolism. In this study, we explored whether there was a relationship between chronotype, social jetlag and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels in @entity5710 @entity1 , independent of other @entity25 . A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Family Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Bangkok, from October 2014 to March 2016 in 1014 non-shift working adults with @entity5710 . Mid-sleep time on free day adjusted for sleep debt (MSFsc) was used as an indicator of chronotype. Social jetlag was calculated based on the absolute difference between mid-sleep time on weekdays and weekends. The most recent HbA1c values and lipid levels were retrieved from clinical laboratory databases. Univariate analyses revealed that later MSFsc (p = 0.028) but not social jetlag (p = 0.48) was significantly associated with higher HbA1c levels. Multivariate linear regression analysis was applied to determine whether an independent association between MSFsc and HbA1c level existed. After adjusting for age, sex, @entity285 use, body mass index (BMI), social jetlag, sleep duration, @entity25 and sleep @entity386 risk, later MSFsc was significantly associated with higher HbA1c level (B = 0.019, 95% CI: 0.00001, 0.038, p = 0.049). The effect size of one hour later MSFsc on HbA1c (standardized coefficient = 0.065) was approximately 74% of that of the effect of one unit (kg/m(2)) increase in BMI (standardized coefficient = 0.087). In summary, later chronotype is associated with higher HbA1c levels in @entity1 with @entity5710 , independent of social jetlag and other @entity25 . Further research regarding the potential role of chronotype in @entity6 prevention should be explored.

title: Later chronotype is associated with higher hemoglobin A1c in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity6100 :: ('OMIM:300082', 'Disease') :: ['addition, "social jetlag']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'increased diabetes risk']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep quality', 'sleep disturbances']

entities_list: @entity5710 :: ('MESH:D011236', 'Disease') :: ['prediabetes']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5710 :: (MESH:D011236,Disease) :: ['prediabetes']


abstract: Objective To prepare and characterize the monoclonal antibody (mAb) against F domain of @entity1 @entity21864 (GrnF). Methods @entity375 expression vector containing GrnF gene was constructed using molecular biological technology. Then eukaryotic fusion protein human serum albumin (HSA)-GrnF from @entity375 vector was expressed and purified. BALB/c @entity19 were immunized by the purified HSA-GrnF fusion protein. The splenocytes of the BALB/c @entity19 were isolated from spleen and fused with @entity19550 @entity1582 cells. Indirect ELISA and limiting dilution assay were used for screening hybridoma cell lines. The specificity of monoclonal antibodies against GrnF was evaluated with indirect ELISA, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. The immunoglobulin subclass was identified with mouse monoclonal antibody isotyping reagents. Results Two hybridoma cell lines, 1G6 and 4E8, were obtained and heavy chain subclasses of the two hybridoma cell lines were IgG1. Conclusion The mAbs that can specifically recognize GrnF have been successfully prepared.

title: [Preparation and characterization of monoclonal antibodies against F domain of XXXX @entity21864 ].

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between (i) structural joint changes (i.e. joint space narrowing and @entity5040 formation) and laxity and (ii) joint @entity893 and @entity571 ( @entity571 ) of the knee. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out on 35 outpatients with @entity626 . Weight-bearing radiographs of the knees were used to assess joint space narrowing (JSN) and @entity5040 formation. Knee joint laxity was assessed using a device that measures the angular deviation of the knee in the frontal plane ( @entity14884 ). Malalignment was assessed using a goniometer. All analyses were performed using knees as units of analysis (i.e. 70 knees). RESULTS: The mean laxity of 70 knees was 8.0+/-4.1 degrees. Knees with minute JSN were significantly more lax than knees with no JSN. There was no significant relationship between @entity5040 formation and laxity. Malaligned knees were significantly more lax than aligned knees. CONCLUSION: Both joint space narrowing and @entity893 are related to laxity. These results support the premise that biomechanical factors play a role in the @entity528 .

title: Structural joint changes, XXXX , and laxity in @entity626 .

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis of the knee']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['OA', 'laxity in osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity5040 :: ('MESH:D054850', 'Disease') :: ['osteophyte']

entities_list: @entity14884 :: ('MESH:D007593', 'Disease') :: ['varus-valgus laxity']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration of the osteoarthritic knee joint']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['malalignment']

answer: @entity893 :: (MESH:D017760,Disease) :: ['malalignment']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5096 Background: Survival of @entity1 with recurrent @entity5 remains poor with traditional treatments. Intraperitoneal hyperthermic chemotherapy following surgical surgical cytoreduction of @entity5 (SSC-HIPEC) has not been widely used to treat @entity5 despite promising results in recurrent @entity1820 . Our aim was to evaluate its safety and efficacy in this group of @entity1 . METHODS: @entity1 undergoing SSC-HIPEC at our institution 2002-2003 were identified and retrospective chart review was performed to determine pre-operative indications, peri-operative course, morbidity, and outcome. RESULTS: Ten @entity1 underwent SSC-HIPEC. Median age was 60 yr. (37-73), and @entity66 sites were ovarian =6, endometrial=3, and primary peritoneal=1. All @entity1 had previously been heavily treated with primary surgery and multiple chemotherapies. Closed-system intraperitoneal perfusion of @entity900 (100 mg/m(2)) heated to a minimum of 40(o)C (104(o)) for 90 minutes was performed following cytoreductive surgery. Mean operative time was 9.7 hours (6-14 hrs) and mean @entity190 1000cc (350-2400cc). Post-operatively, mean return to bowel function was 5.8 days (3-8 d) and mean length of hospital stay was 11.2 days (7-16 d). Peri-operative morbidities included UTI=1, @entity55 =1, fistula=1, @entity1143 =1, and grade 1-2 @entity8 =2. There were no peri-operative deaths. 8 @entity1 (80%) have no evidence of disease at 4-11 months post-operatively. CONCLUSIONS: SSC-HIPEC is well tolerated by heavily pre-treated @entity1 with recurrent @entity5 , and has potential to significantly prolong survival. This treatment warrants further investigation as a second-line therapy in a Phase II design. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Secondary surgical cytoreduction and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemoperfusion (SSC-HIPEC) for recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['intra-abdominal tumor', 'gynecologic cancer', 'gynecologic cancers']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['gynecologic malignancies']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The use of adjuvant treatment(s) following initial hysterectomy and retroperitoneal nodal harvesting of @entity1 with clinical stage I and II cervical @entity189 is (are) presently based on the pathological assessment of surgical specimens. This report sought to delineate further the clinical application of potential therapeutic interventions and associated follow-up investigations of this @entity1 cohort. METHODS: The American College of Radiology (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria are evidence-based guidelines for specific clinical conditions that are reviewed every two years by a multidisciplinary expert panel. The guideline development and review include an extensive analysis of current medical literature from peer reviewed journal and the application of a well-established consensus methodology (modified Delphi) to rate appropriateness of imaging and treatment procedures by the panel. In those instances where evidence is lacking or not definitive, expert opinion may be used to recommend imaging or treatment. RESULTS: From this process, 5 unique clinical variants were developed. These scenarios pertained to options of adjuvant radiation therapy and chemotherapy, methods of delivery of radiotherapy to optimize target volume coverage while simultaneously minimizing radiation exposure of adjacent healthy organs, and recommendations for @entity1 follow-up care. Group members reached consensus of topic ratings in descending order of importance. A risk assessment breakdown was established to highlight the most likely indications for adjuvant treatment(s). CONCLUSION: This assembly by the ACR of physicians involved in the management of @entity1 with early @entity5 was able to describe appropriateness criteria to aid other practitioners in selecting reasonable implementation of postoperative therapies and subsequent surveillance studies. These guidelines await further validation and refinement by both current and future prospectively randomized clinical studies regarding this @entity1 population.

title: ACR Appropriateness Criteria   role of adjuvant therapy in the management of early XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage cervical cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects and mechanisms of the inflammatory reaction related to @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) and induced by activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. METHODS: A @entity19 model of @entity1561 was established by feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet.Activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway was achieved by @entity1239 administration to the @entity1561 modeled @entity19 and normal controls. Liver biopsies were taken and the concentrations of cytokines were measured. Isolated liver primary Kupffer cells and RAw264.7 cells were cultured, pre-treated or not with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and exposed to @entity1239 , after which the supematant concentrations of @entity777 and @entity637 were determined by ELISA. The protein expression levels of phosphorylated (p)-NF-kB and I k B were detected in primary cultured Kupffer cells by western blotting. RESULTS: The @entity19 model of @entity1561 was successfully established, as evidenced by findings from liver biopsy and serum liver function tests. The degree of @entity409 in the @entity1561 @entity19 decreased after @entity1239 administration, and the level of serum @entity637 also significantly decreased. The levels of serum @entity637 were 21.95+/-0.8 pg/mL in @entity1239 -treated @entity19 and 38.07+/-1.7 pg/mL in the non- @entity1239 -treated @entity1561 @entity19 (P less than 0.05). The @entity1239 treatment also significantly reduced the concentration of @entity637 in the culture supematants of Kupffer cells after LPS stimulation; moreover, the supematant level of @entity637 decreased significantly after the @entity1239 treatment (Pless than 0.05). LPS stimulation of the RAw264.7 cells led to an increased level ofp-NF-kB and a reduced level ofI-kB, suggesting that the NF-kB pathway had been activated; different doses of @entity1239 pre-treatment led to down-regulation of the p-NF-kB level and up-regulation of the I-kB level, both in dose-dependent manners. CONCLUSION: Activating the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway inhibits the @entity1561 -related inflammatory reaction, and the mechanism for this inhibition involves the NF-kB signaling pathway.

title: [Effects and mechanisms of the inflammatory reaction related to XXXX and induced by activation of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway].

entities_list: @entity1239 :: ('MESH:D009538', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotine']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NASH', 'nonalcoholic steatohepatitis']

answer: @entity1561 :: (MESH:D065626,Disease) :: ['NASH']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To observe the @entity17468 ( @entity3880 ) inhibition of @entity801 -induced reactive @entity26 species generation in cochlea of @entity840 and to investigate the protective mechanism of @entity17468 on @entity801 @entity2167 . METHODS: Eighty-eight @entity840 were divided randomly into four groups (GM, @entity3880 + GM, @entity3880 , and Saline). @entity801 -induced reactive @entity26 species (ROS) formation in cochlear tissue was detected directly with electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry at 1st, 5th and 10th day after administration of the drugs. At the same time, ABRs of @entity840 were recorded and ultrastructural changes of lysosomes in the cochlear hair cells were observed with transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: 1. At 1st day after administration of @entity3880 and GM, there was some increase in EPR spectrometry in group GM and @entity3880 + GM, There was no significant difference of ABR thresholds and ultrastructural changes of lysosomes in the cochlear hair cells among four groups(P > 0.05). 2. At 5th day, there was significant increase in of EPR spectrometry in group I (37.74 +/- 4.10, P < 0.01). At 10th day after administration of @entity3880 and GM, there was no significant difference in EPR spectrometry among four groups (P > 0.05). In GM group, ultrastructural changes of lysosomes beneath cuticular plate of cochlear hair cells were more significant at 10th day than those at 5th day, including the increased number and volume of lysosome. In group GM, the longer the @entity801 administrated, the more significant increase in ABR thresholds had been noted. CONCLUSION: @entity3880 significantly inhibits @entity801 -induced reactive @entity26 species generation in cochlea of @entity840 , which showed that @entity3880 has protective effect on @entity801 - @entity2167 and -phospholipidosis in @entity840 .

title: [Experimental study on @entity17468 inhibition of @entity801 -induced generation of reactive XXXX species in @entity840 cochlea].

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin', 'Gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['guinea pigs', 'guinea pig']

entities_list: @entity17468 :: ('MESH:C017645', 'Chemical') :: ['polyaspartic acid']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the clonality of uterine @entity2909 , especially the relationship between different nodules in multinodular cases. METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from fresh tissue samples and digested through incubation with Hpa II and amplified through nested polymerase chain reaction for @entity16055 kinase (PGK) gene. The products were treated with Bst XI and resolved on agarose gels. RESULTS: Among the 103 cases examined, 32 (31%) carried the polymorphic Bst XI site at the PGK locus. Eighty-nine @entity5 from the 29 cases were subjected to the cloning assay. Loss of polymorphism at the PGK locus was found in all @entity5 nodules, indicating the monoclonality of the @entity5 . The relationship between @entity5 was also assessed by comparing their inactivated alleles. Seven nodules from a @entity1822 were found to have originated from a single cell. However, the relationship was found to be more complicated, as demonstrated in 15 cases of @entity11708 . The same inactivated allele was found in all nodules of 8 cases and in most nodules in 2 cases, while totally different inactivation patterns were observed in 5 cases. The difference was not associated with cell proliferation. CONCLUSIONS: Clonality analysis can be applied to define the clonality of focal or nodular lesions. Uterine @entity2909 are of clonal origin. Multiple uterine @entity2909 may be subtyped into fully independent and aggressive types as well as a mixed type of both.

title: Clonality of multiple uterine XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'multiple tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity11708 :: ('OMIM:150800', 'Disease') :: ['multiple leiomyomas']

entities_list: @entity16055 :: ('CHEBI:61304', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoglycerate']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity2909 :: ('MESH:D007889', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyomas']

answer: @entity2909 :: (MESH:D007889,Disease) :: ['leiomyomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity1713 surgery is associated with a high incidence of post-operative @entity158 , @entity390 and @entity391 . Previous studies demonstrated a beneficial role of pre-emptive analgesia using regional anesthetic blocks for this type of surgery. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the pre-emptive analgesic effect of @entity6058 in @entity1 undergoing @entity1713 surgery under general anesthesia. METHODS: With the approval of the Institutional Ethics Committee and written informed consent, 60 adult @entity1 were randomized prospectively, in a double-masked manner, to receive intravenously either @entity6058 30 mg or saline placebo 30 min before operation. @entity158 scores at 2, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h after surgery, the number of @entity1 requiring post-operative analgesia, total consumption of analgesics, the incidence of oculocardiac reflex as well as the incidence and severity of post-operative @entity390 and @entity391 were recorded. RESULTS: The @entity6058 group required post-operative analgesia less frequently than the placebo group (p < 0.0001). The @entity6058 group had significantly lower @entity158 scores at all measurement time points (p < 0.001) and lower intra- and post-operative total consumption of analgesics (p < 0.01). The incidence and severity of @entity390 and @entity391 were lower in @entity1 given @entity6058 when compared with placebo-treated @entity1 (p < 0.05). The incidence of oculocardiac reflex was not significantly different between groups (p = 0.14). CONCLUSIONS: The use of @entity6058 for pre-emptive analgesia is effective in @entity1 undergoing @entity1713 surgery under general anesthesia.

title: @entity6058 as a pre-emptive analgesic in XXXX surgery: a prospective, randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['retinal detachment', 'Retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity6058 :: ('MESH:D020910', 'Chemical') :: ['ketorolac']

answer: @entity1713 :: (MESH:D012163,Disease) :: ['retinal detachment']


abstract: The connections between the host and @entity750 -containing neurons grafted to the spinal cord have been analysed using electron microscopic immunohistochemistry. Adult @entity35 with @entity1128 lesions of the brain and spinal cord received implants of embryonic medullary raph   neurons at three sites in the spinal cord. Eight to 10 months after grafting, the transplanted @entity750 -positive neurons had formed extensive and complex contacts with spines, dendrites, perikarya and vesicle-containing structures in both the dorsal and ventral horns. Reinnervation of laminae IV-VI was less rich. In the graft itself, connections were also made between non-immunoreactive varicosities and @entity750 -containing dendrites, and somata, but the exact origin of the afferents was not determined. Outside the implant site, no obvious synaptic junctions onto grafted @entity750 -immunoreactive boutons were obvious, although labelled and unlabelled varicosities were often in close apposition. Synaptic junctions in the dorsal horn were predominantly symmetric, with the presynaptic varicosity containing mostly small agranular vesicles. By contrast, in the ventral horn most junctions were asymmetric, while the presynaptic element contained both small agranular and large dense-core vesicles. The results demonstrate that the types of synaptic contacts formed between the grafted @entity750 neurons and the host spinal cord are remarkably similar to those found in intact spinal cord. In addition, the division of morphological differences that exists between @entity750 -containing boutons in the normal dorsal vs ventral horns is also apparent in the transplanted animals. Finally, there appear to be present several anatomical substrates for the regulation by the host of @entity750 output from the grafted neurons.

title: Immunoelectron microscopic analysis of the synaptic connectivity of serotoninergic neurons grafted to the @entity1128 -lesioned XXXX spinal cord.

entities_list: @entity1128 :: ('MESH:D015116', 'Chemical') :: ['5,7-dihydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['5-hydroxytryptamine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Only a few studies have evaluated the long-term effects of adjuvant chemotherapy for @entity0 . Furthermore, neither the relation between the risk of second @entity5 and type of adjuvant regimen utilized nor the interaction between chemotherapy and breast irradiation or age of the @entity1 have been described in detail. METHODS: A total of 2,465 @entity1 entered into prospective studies of CMF-based adjuvant chemotherapy carried out at the Milan @entity5 Institute between June 1973 and July 1990 were evaluated. The median follow-up was 12.0 years and detailed information about therapy was available for all @entity1 . RESULTS: At 15 years, the cumulative actuarial risk of second @entity5 (excluding @entity0 ) was 6.7% +/- 0.8% for the total series. The figures were 8.4% +/- 2.9% after local-regional treatment alone, 6.4% +/- 0.9% following CMF, and 5.1% +/- 1.0% following CMF plus @entity632 ( @entity632 ; Farmitalia-Carlo @entity21126 , Milan, Italy). Compared to the general female population, the relative risk following CMF-based adjuvant chemotherapy was 1.29. Three @entity1 , all of whom had received CMF-based chemotherapy, developed @entity981 (cumulative risk 0.23% +/- 0.15%; relative risk 2.3). No differences were evident when breast irradiation was considered, but the cumulative risk of second @entity5 was slightly higher in @entity1 aged > or = 50 years at surgery (7.7% +/- 1.3%) than in younger @entity1 (6.0% +/- 1.0%). CONCLUSIONS: At present, there is no evidence of a significantly increased risk of second @entity5 following adjuvant CMF-based chemotherapy such as the one given in this case series. A low risk of @entity3052 was associated with the cumulative total dose of @entity786 administered, and breast irradiation did not enhance this risk. IMPLICATIONS: Our findings suggest that there is no reason to omit alkylating agents from short-term effective adjuvant chemotherapy.

title: Second @entity5 following CMF-based adjuvant chemotherapy in resectable XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin', 'doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute non-lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'contralateral breast cancer and basal skin cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors', 'Cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute leukemia']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 197 Background: Advances in targeted therapy have led to an increase in the median overall survival in @entity1 with @entity1722 + @entity0 ( @entity0 ). However, @entity1 attributions related to living longer have not been studied. METHODS: A one-time, web-based survey was administered through multiple US-based @entity0 organizations. The inclusion criteria were being female, age 18+, having @entity1722 + @entity0 , and living in the US. The surveys included health related quality of life (HRQL), symptom burden, activities of daily living, satisfaction with medical care, work productivity, and attributes of living longer. To assess beliefs about length of survival with @entity1722 + @entity0 , @entity1 were asked to rate the importance of 16 items. Descriptive results were stratified by time since metastatic diagnosis and HRQL. RESULTS: Of 560 attempted surveys, 365 (65%) @entity1 met inclusion criteria. Mean (SD) age was 53.6 (10.5) years, 93% were white, and 27% reported having participated in a clinical trial. 59% of respondents reported living >= 4 years since @entity1722 + @entity0 diagnosis. Common reasons @entity1 gave for living longer included: choosing the right doctor/medical team (91%), having a positive outlook on life (79%), and learning about the disease or treatments (79%). @entity1 with <4 years since @entity1722 + @entity0 diagnosis were more likely to report having a positive outlook on life (85% vs 76%), using complementary and alternative medicine (45% vs 36%) and exercising regularly (74% vs 66%) compared with those having >= 4 years since diagnosis. @entity1 reporting a better compared with a poorer HRQL reported more frequent regular exercise (73% vs 49%) and more often had a positive outlook on life (86% vs 64%). CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study of @entity1 with @entity1722 + @entity0 and their attributions about length of survival. Having the right medical team, remaining positive, and being educated about the disease and its treatments were most important to @entity1 . @entity1 reporting better quality of life were more likely to report multiple attributions of living longer. HRQL and @entity1 perceptions about their survival are important factors that should be considered in providing @entity1 -centered care.

title: Individual attributions of living longer with XXXX + @entity0 : Findings from a community web-based survey.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'patients', 'patient', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'metastatic breast cancer', 'MBC']

answer: @entity1722 :: (2064,Gene) :: ['HER2']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In 1997, the Task Force on Rhinosinusitis (TFR) set forth symptom-based diagnostic guidelines for @entity102 ( @entity102 ). In the present study, we examined radiologic correlates of the TFR diagnostic criteria for rhinosinusitis. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: One hundred twenty-five consecutive @entity1 undergoing computed tomography (CT) scans of the sinuses were studied at Oregon Health and Science University. @entity1 were evaluated prospectively with a questionnaire based on the TFR criteria, and their CT scans were graded according to the Lund-Mackay scoring system. RESULTS: Of the 125 @entity1 , 115 met the symptom criteria for @entity102 . However, 40 of 115 had negative scans (Lund-McKay score, 0) despite meeting the diagnostic criteria for rhinosinusitis. Of 115, 75 had positive scans (Lund-McKay score, >1). Of the 10 @entity1 who had negative diagnoses for rhinosinusitis, 9 had a positive CT scan. The Kappa coefficient was -0.103 (+/-95% confidence interval, -0.201 to -0.004), indicating poor agreement between @entity102 positivity and CT positivity. The sensitivity of TFR criteria for detecting a positive scan was 89%, but the specificity was poor at only 2%. CONCLUSION AND SIGNIFICANCE: Based on these pilot data, it appears that the specificity and predictive value of the current TFR criteria may not be adequate to serve as a diagnostic standard for rhinosinusitis. Additional validating data may provide guidance for improving the sensitivity and specificity of symptom-based diagnostic instruments for rhinosinusitis.

title: Radiologic correlates of symptom-based diagnostic criteria for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['CRS', 'chronic rhinosinusitis']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic rhinosinusitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We previously showed that transplantation of brain microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) greatly stimulated remyelination in the @entity62 of the internal capsule (IC) induced by @entity2232 injection and improved the behavioral outcome. In the present study, we examined the effect of MVEC transplantation on the @entity1188 volume using intermittent magnetic resonance image and on the behavior of oligodendrocyte lineage cells histochemically. Our results in  vivo show that MVEC transplantation reduced the @entity1188 volume in IC and apoptotic death of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). These results indicate that MVECs have a survival effect on OPCs, and this effect might contribute to the recovery of the @entity62 . The conditioned-medium from cultured MVECs reduced apoptosis of cultured OPCs, while the conditioned medium from cultured fibroblasts did not show such effect. These results suggest a possibility that transplanted MVECs increased the number of OPCs through the release of humoral factors that prevent their apoptotic death. Identification of such humoral factors may lead to the new therapeutic strategy against @entity17 . Transplanted microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) release humoral factors which increase the number of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) by inhibiting their apoptotic death. The resultant increase in OPCs promotes remyelination by existing (intrinsic) mature oligodendrocytes in the @entity1188 region. Identification of such humoral factors may lead to the new therapeutic strategy against @entity17 .

title: Transplanted microvascular endothelial cells promote oligodendrocyte precursor cell survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic demyelinating diseases']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['white matter infarct']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic infarct', 'infarct']

answer: @entity17 :: (MESH:D003711,Disease) :: ['ischemic demyelinating lesions']


abstract: Context: Reliable @entity3745 autoantibody (TgAb) detection prior to Tg testing for @entity259 ( @entity259 ) is critical when using TgAb status (positive/negative) to authenticate sensitive second-generation immunometric assay (Tg(2G)IMA) measurements as free from TgAb interference, and when reflexing "TgAb-positive" sera to TgAb-resistant, but less sensitive, Tg methodologies [Radioimmunoassay(RIA) or Tandem Mass Spectrometry(LC- @entity15 / @entity15 )]. Objective: To assess how different Kronus(K) versus Roche(R) TgAb method cutoffs for "positivity" influence false-negative versus false-positive serum TgAb misclassifications that may reduce the clinical utility of reflex Tg testing. Methods: Serum Tg(2G)IMA, TgRIA and TgLC- @entity15 / @entity15 measurements for 52 TgAb-positive and 37 TgAb-negative @entity1 with persistent/recurrent @entity259 were compared. 1426 @entity259 sera with TgRIA >= 1.0  g/L had false-negative and false-positive TgAb frequencies determined using low Tg(2G)IMA/TgRIA ratios (<75%) to indicate TgAb interference. Results: TgAb-negative @entity1 with disease displayed Tg(2G)IMA, TgRIA and TgLC- @entity15 / @entity15 serum discordances (%CV=24  20, range 0-100%). 98% of TgAb-positive @entity1 with disease had undetectable/lower Tg(2G)IMA versus either TgRIA or TgLC- @entity15 / @entity15 (p<0.01), whereas 8/52(15%) had undetectable Tg(2G)IMA+TgLC- @entity15 / @entity15 associated with TgRIA >= 1.0 g/L. ROC analysis reported more sensitivity for TgAb method K versus R [81.9 versus 69.1, p<0.001], but ROC cutoffs [>0.6(K) versus >40(R) kIU/L] had unacceptably high false-negative frequencies (22-32%), whereas false-positives approximated 12%. Functional sensitivity cutoffs minimized false-negatives [13.5%(K) versus 21.3%(R), p<0.01] and severe interferences (Tg(2G)IMA, <0.10 g/L) [0.7%(K) versus 2.4%(R), p<0.05] but false-positives approximated 23%. Conclusions: Reliable detection of interfering TgAb is method and cutoff dependent. No cutoff eliminated both false-negative and false-positive TgAb misclassifications. Functional sensitivity cutoffs were optimal for minimizing false-negatives, but have inherent imprecision (20%CV) that, exacerbated by TgAb biologic variability during @entity259 monitoring, could cause TgAb status to fluctuate for low TgAb @entity1 , prompting unnecessary Tg method changes and disrupting Tg monitoring. Laboratories using reflexing should limit Tg method changes by considering @entity1 Tg+TgAb history in addition to current TgAb status before Tg method selection.

title: Serum @entity3745 (Tg) Monitoring of @entity1 with XXXX ( @entity259 ) using Sensitive (Second-Generation) Immunometric Assays (Tg(2G)IMA) can be Disrupted by False-Negative and False-Positive Serum @entity3745 Autoantibody (TgAb) Misclassifications.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['DTC', 'differentiated thyroid cancer']

answer: @entity259 :: (MESH:D013964,Disease) :: ['Differentiated Thyroid Cancer']


abstract: Fluctuating prices of cereals have led to an interest in alternative ingredients for feed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of fermentation and the addition of nonstarch polysaccharide (NSP)-degrading enzymes on the ileal and total tract digestibility of nutrients of a diet based on locally grown crops. Four diets were fed including a nonfermented liquid standard grower diet (Control) and 3 experimental diets based on high-moisture @entity4336 , rapeseed cake, and @entity3587 fed as @entity3685 ( @entity3685 ), @entity3685 ( @entity3685 ), or @entity3685 supplemented with an enzyme mixture of b-glucanase + xylanase + pectinase ( @entity3685 +Enz). The @entity3685 was prepared by mixing feed and water (1:2.5, wt/wt) and, once daily, replacing 50% of the mixture with an equal amount of fresh feed and water. The diets were fed to 8 ileal cannulated barrows in a double Latin square design. Ileal digesta and feces were collected after an adaption period of 10 d. Results showed microbiologically good-quality fermented diets. The levels of Enterobacteriaceae were 5.1 to 5.4 log cfu/g in @entity3685 and @entity3685 +Enz vs. 6.3 log cfu/g in @entity3685 in the ileum and 5.1 to 5.2 log cfu/g in @entity3685 and @entity3685 +Enz vs. 6.3 log cfu/g in @entity3685 in the feces. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of @entity2723 was increased by fermentation (73.2% in @entity3685 vs. 69.0% in @entity3685 ; P = 0.033), and digestibility of P showed a tendency (P = 0.073) toward an increase. Addition of the enzyme mixture resulted in a pronounced reduction of dietary NSP compared with @entity3685 (12.8% total NSP in @entity3685 +Enz vs. 15.9% total NSP in @entity3685 ; P< 0.001), which also led to increased apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of total and insoluble NSP (total NSP, 31.1% in @entity3685 +Enz vs. 13.6% in @entity3685 ; P = 0.002). The Control did not, in general, show higher digestibility values than the experimental diet. However, in the cases were it did, fermentation and enzyme addition brought the digestibility to the level of the Control. In conclusion, fermentation increased the ATTD of @entity2723 and the AID of P, with the same tendency (P  <= 0.07) for the ATTD. Addition of NSP-degrading enzymes resulted in a pronounced reduction in the concentration of NSP in the feed along with increased AID of NSP. Hence, the experimental diet seems to be a possible alternative to a traditional diet for @entity1707 .

title: Fermentation and addition of enzymes to a diet based on high-moisture @entity4336 , rapeseed cake, and @entity3587 improve digestibility of nonstarch polysaccharides, crude protein, and phosphorus in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3685 :: ('MESH:D019959', 'Disease') :: ['nFLF', 'nonfermented liquid feed', 'fermented liquid feed', 'FLF']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['pigs']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To characterize the role of plating densities and @entity11747 ( @entity11747 ) on the proliferation of IEC-6 cells in vitro. METHODS: IEC-6 cells were seeded in 96-well microplates at various densities in the presence or absence of DFMO. Cells were counted and their proliferative capability was monitored Days 1 to 7 with @entity98 assay at an optical density of 570 nm. RESULTS: There was a positive relationship between cell number and @entity5771 value (r = 0.954, P < 0.01). Higher plating densities (> 0.5 x 10(4) cells/well) inhibited the growth of cells on Day 2. When the density reaches 4 x 10(4) cells/well, the @entity5771 value increased gradually and reached a peak on Day 5. After that, the @entity5771 value began to fall. The growth of IEC-6 cells was limited at a low density (0.2 x 10(4) cells/well) on Day 4. DFMO caused a complete inhibition of proliferation of IEC-6 cells on Days 1 to 3. CONCLUSION: Proliferation of IEC-6 cells is related to plating density and incubation time. It is inhibited by DFMO, but is reversible when the incubation time is prolonged.

title: Plating densities, XXXX effects and time dependence on the proliferation of IEC-6 cells.

entities_list: @entity11747 :: ('CHEBI:41948', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-difluoromethylornithine', 'DFMO']

answer: @entity11747 :: (CHEBI:41948,Chemical) :: ['alpha-difluoromethylornithine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and severity of @entity1547 in a @entity3296 endemic area, with @entity1388 content in drinking water ranging from 0.51 to 3.15 ppm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 (n = 474), aged 6-12 years, were randomly selected from one primary school in each of ten villages in the subdistrict of Asembagus. The villages were grouped into four according to the @entity1388 content in the drinking water: Group A: 0.41-0.50; Group B: 0.73-0.90; Group C: 2.01-2.41 and Group D: 3.07-3.25. @entity3296 examination used Bischoff's modification (1976), which was based on Dean's classifications, and caries was scored according to WHO standard 1997. RESULTS: D(T) from Group A to D increased from 0.46, 0.55, 0.66 to 1.03; while d(T) decreased from 0.89, 0.87, 0.86 to 0.32. @entity8892 increased from 1.36, 1.67, 2.03 to 1.80. Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA was significant for the relationship between @entity1388 water content and @entity8892 , D(T), and d(T). There was no significant linear relationship between @entity1388 water content and D(T) or d(T), but there was a positive correlation with @entity8892 . Caries prevalence in the subdistrict was 62% for permanent teeth and 68% for primary teeth. @entity3296 prevalence was 96% with a mean @entity8892 of 1.71. CONCLUSIONS: The high @entity8892 values of 1.36 and 1.67 in villages A and B may relate to the main side-dishes eaten in the two villages. Of these, 88% contained fish, 68% dried salted fish and 61% a type of shellfish gathered locally.

title: XXXX and caries prevalence in the @entity3296 endemic area of Asembagus, Indonesia.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children']

entities_list: @entity3296 :: ('MESH:D009050', 'Disease') :: ['fluorosis', 'Fluorosis']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['dental fluorosis and caries']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity3296 :: (MESH:D009050,Disease) :: ['Dental fluorosis']


abstract: The aim of this study was to elucidate the long-term outcome after interferon ( @entity3027 ) or @entity16332 ( @entity32584 ) treatment in Japanese @entity1 with @entity1956 e antigen (HBeAg) positive @entity3619 B. Inclusion criteria were biopsy proven @entity3619 or @entity1575 , no history of @entity3027 or @entity32584 treatment. Three hundred twenty-seven @entity1 satisfied above criteria were treated with @entity3027 or @entity32584 . The primary end point of our study was serum clearance of HBeAg and decrease of serum HBV-DNA to < or =5 LEG/ml after the initiation of treatment. This study was a retrospective cohort study. Attainment of serum clearance of HBeAg and decrease of serum HBV-DNA to < or =5 LEG/ml was regarded as response. Two hundred eighty-six @entity1 had got response after the initiation of treatment. The cumulative rate of response was 28.0% in the first year, 56.2% at the 5th year and 82.5% at the 10th year. Response occurred when @entity97 -DNA load was high level of more than 7 LEG/ml, and serum ALT level was more than 100 IU/L, @entity97 genotype was B. @entity3027 and @entity32584 were the similar effect on response (P = 0.410). On @entity3027 therapy, cumulative rate of response in @entity1 of <35 years was higher than that in @entity1 > or =35 years (P = 0.002). Our results suggest that (1) @entity3027 and @entity32584 are the similar effect on response, (2) @entity3027 therapy is more effective for younger @entity1 .

title: Comparison of interferon and @entity16332 treatment in Japanese XXXX with @entity1956 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity16332 :: ('MESH:D019259', 'Chemical') :: ['lamivudine']

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Intracranial electrode monitoring is still required in @entity302 surgery; however, it is associated with significant morbidity. OBJECTIVE: To identify risk factors associated with complications during invasive intracranial EEG monitoring. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of all @entity1 undergoing invasive monitoring at Westmead between 1988-2004. From detailed chart reviews, the following variables were recorded: duration of intracranial monitoring, the site of grid implantation, number of grids and electrodes, @entity410 frequency, postoperative complications and @entity410 outcome. RESULTS: Seventy-one @entity1 (median age: 24 years) underwent subdural electrode implantation; 62% had extratemporal lobe @entity302 and 46% were non-lesional. Of the 58 monitored @entity1 who had cortical resections, 45 had good @entity410 outcomes. Complications related to subdural electrode implantation included transient complications requiring no treatment (12.7%), transient complications requiring treatment (9.9%) and two deaths (2.8%). Specific complications included @entity548 , transient @entity51 , @entity1188 and @entity4034 . The two deaths occurred within 48 h of implantation were related to @entity428 (one @entity1188 , one unexplained). Complications were associated with maximal size of grid (p < 0.001), greater number of electrodes (p < 0.001), electrode density per cortical surface implanted (p < 0.001), right central surface implantation (p = 0.003) and left central surface implantation (p = 0.013). Multiple logistic regression identified larger size grids and right central surface implantation as independent predictors of complications. CONCLUSION: There are significant complications during intracranial EEG evaluations but the majority of these are transient. We found a relationship between the size of the electrode arrays and the incidence of complications. The results of this study have been used to modify our implantation and monitoring protocols.

title: Risk factors for complications during intracranial electrode recording in presurgical evaluation of drug resistant partial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['subdural haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['raised intracranial pressure']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['venous infarction', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Lafora s disease is a type of progressive @entity3148 with bad prognosis. Until now diagnosis was based on finding characteristic intracytoplasmatic polyglucosan bodies in biopsies of sweat secreting cells in the skin. Recently the gene responsible has been discovered. This permits firm diagnosis and screening of carriers. We present the case of a @entity1 diagnosed on molecular genetic studies. CLINICAL CASE: A 12 year old @entity1 with a clinical history of three @entity410 at the age of one year but no other abnormalities, presented a @entity410 of @entity227 with secondary generalization. There was no family history of @entity410 . Following a period of normality he had further @entity410 (clonic, visual and generalized @entity2045 ). The EEG showed generalized spike and wave activity, which was more marked after stimulation by light and became progressively worse. Neuroimaging studies were normal. In spite of treatment there was a progressive increase in visual and generalized @entity410 together with @entity73 . Histological studies of the sweat glands showed homogeneous nodular deposits of intracytoplasmatic PAS+. Molecular studies of the @entity2083 gene linked to chromosome 6q24 showed the presence of two mutations on the 1 and 4 exons. CONCLUSIONS: We describe a 12 year old @entity1 with all the clinical features of @entity21244 progressive @entity3148 in whom characteristic cytoplasmic bodies were found in the sweat gland biopsy. Molecular genetic studies of the @entity2083 gene confirmed diagnosis of the disorder.

title: [ XXXX . A new case of confirmation of diagnosis on molecular genetic studies].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'myoclonic seizures', 'febrile seizures']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual disorder']

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['deterioration of cognitive function and ataxia']

entities_list: @entity21244 :: ('MESH:D020192', 'Disease') :: ['Lafora type']

entities_list: @entity3148 :: ('MESH:D004831', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonic epilepsy']

answer: @entity21244 :: (MESH:D020192,Disease) :: ['Lafora disease']


abstract: @entity4878 as important growth and differentiation regulating agents have a potential role in the chemoprevention of @entity213 ( @entity213 ). Despite the promising preclinical and early clinical findings, limitations of application are raised by intrinsic resistance acquired during @entity105 . @entity1968 receptor beta2 (RAR beta2) is one of the proximate mediators of @entity554 signalling and its expression is often diminished in early stages of @entity135 . One form of @entity554 resistance has been associated with the methylation-induced silencing of the @entity4882 gene. We studied primary @entity213 samples of different anatomical sites in respect of methylation, expression and allelic loss of @entity4882 gene. A strong correlation (p<0.01) was found between hyper-methylation and reduced expression of RAR beta2, however the allelic loss at 3p24, the locus of @entity4882 , did not considerably influence its mRNA level. @entity5 showed significantly lower hypermethylation (p<0.05) and higher mRNA expression levels of RAR beta2 compared to the @entity5 located at other sites of the head and neck. We could also provide evidence that poorly differentiated grade 3 @entity5 had significantly higher RAR beta2 expression and lower methylation levels (p<0.05) than better differentiated grade 1 and grade 2 @entity5 . In addition, we found a good correlation between the methylation degree of the RAR beta2 promoter and the ages of @entity1 . Collectively, our results suggest that evaluation of several factors such as @entity5 location, age, histology and methylation state of the @entity4882 gene might contribute to the selection of @entity1 for @entity554 -based chemoprevention.

title: RAR beta2 suppression in XXXX correlates with site, histology and age.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['Retinoids']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma', 'HNSCC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Hypopharynx tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

entities_list: @entity1968 :: ('MESH:D014212', 'Chemical') :: ['Retinoic acid']

entities_list: @entity554 :: ('CHEBI:26537', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoid']

answer: @entity213 :: (MESH:C535575,Disease) :: ['head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: From January 1992 to December 1995, 129 @entity1 with previously untreated @entity1893 were randomised in a phase III multicenter trial to receive CEOP-B/VIMB or ProMACE-CytaBOM. Eligibility criteria included intermediate or high grade @entity706 (follicular large cell, diffuse small cleaved-cell, diffuse mixed, diffuse large-cell and immunoblastic) with an Ann Arbor stage II bulky, III or IV. All @entity1 entered into the study were considered evaluable according to intent to treat analysis. At a median follow-up of 60 months there were no significant differences between the treatment response rates [82% (60%CR) for CEOP-B/VIMB vs. 81% (69% CR) for ProMACE-CytaBOM]. Conversely, with regard to disease-free survival, a significant difference was observed between the two treatment arms (42% for CEOP-B/VIMB vs. 24% for ProMACE-CytaBOM at 5 years; p=0.046). However, this difference did not translate in a significant difference in overall survival (45% vs. 39% at 5 years). Moreover, when response rates and outcome were analysed for different prognostic subgroups according to International Prognostic Index, no significant differences were observed between the treatment groups. It is important to note that neither regimen was able to improve outcome of poor risk @entity1 who fared badly with both treatments (median survival 9 and 8 months respectively). @entity137 was also similar in both treatments with grade 3-4 @entity1431 observed in 39% and 47% of cases and grade 3-4 @entity882 in 24% and 27% of cases respectively. In conclusion, in this study CEOP-B/VIMB was not superior to ProMACE-CytaBOM in aggressive @entity706 and the alternating strategy failed to improve outcome of poor risk @entity1 in which newer more aggressive treatments are needed.

title: CEOP-B/VIMB vs. promace-CytaBOM in the treatment of intermediate or high grade XXXX : A randomised multicenter study of Southern Italy Cooperative Group.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's lymphoma']


abstract: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) provide a supportive cellular microenvironment and are able to maintain the self-renewal capacity of @entity1583 ( @entity1583 ). Isolation procedures for MSC vary extensively, and this may influence their biologic properties. In this study, we have compared @entity1 MSC isolated from bone marrow (BM) using two culture conditions, from cord blood (CB), and from @entity1386 ( @entity1386 ). The ability to maintain long-term culture-initiating cell frequency and a primitive @entity2280 (+) @entity3053 (-) immunophenotype was significantly higher for MSC derived from BM and CB compared with those from @entity1386 . These results were in line with a significantly higher adhesion of @entity1583 to MSC from BM and CB versus MSC from @entity1386 . We have compared the cytokine production of MSC by cytokine antibody arrays, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and a cytometric bead array. There were reproducible differences in the chemokine secretion profiles of various MSC preparations, but there was no clear concordance with differences in their potential to maintain primitive function of @entity1583 . Global gene expression profiles of MSC preparations were analyzed and showed that adhesion proteins including @entity31492 , @entity6076 , @entity4725 , @entity2940 , and integrins were highly expressed in MSC preparations derived from BM and CB. Thus, MSC from BM and CB are superior to MSC from @entity1386 for maintenance of primitive @entity1583 . The latter property is associated with specific molecular profiles indicating the significance of cell-cell junctions but not with secretory profiles. Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest is found at the end of this article.

title: Molecular and secretory profiles of XXXX mesenchymal stromal cells and their abilities to maintain primitive hematopoietic progenitors.

entities_list: @entity2940 :: ('4684', 'Gene') :: ['neural cell adhesion molecule 1']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['HPC', 'hematopoietic progenitor cells']

entities_list: @entity4725 :: ('7412', 'Gene') :: ['vascular cell adhesion molecule 1']

entities_list: @entity1386 :: ('MESH:D018205', 'Disease') :: ['adipose tissue', 'AT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Extensive use of @entity6596 [ @entity6596 ] in various industrial applications has caused substantial environmental contamination. @entity3407 -resistant bacteria isolated from soils can be used to remove toxic @entity6596 from contaminated environments. This study was conducted to isolate @entity3407 -resistant bacteria from soils contaminated with @entity31752 and describes the effects of some environmental factors such as pH, temperature, and time on @entity6596 reduction and resistance. We found that @entity3407 -resistant bacteria can tolerate 2500 mg L(-1) @entity6596 , but most of the isolates tolerated and reduced @entity6596 at concentrations lower than 1500 mg L(-1). @entity16774 reduction activity of whole cells was detected in five isolates. Most of these isolates belong to the genus Bacillus as identified by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Maximal @entity6596 reduction was observed at the optimum pH (7.0-9.0) and temperature (30 degrees C) of growth. One bacterial isolate (Bacillus sp. ES 29) was able to aerobically reduce 90% of @entity6596 in six hours. The @entity6596 reduction activity of the whole cells of five isolates had a K(M) of 0.271 (2.61 mM) to 1.51 mg L(-1) (14.50 mM) and a V(max) of 88.4 (14.17 nmol min(-1)) to 489 mg L9-1) h(-1) (78.36 nmol min(-1)). Our consortia and monocultures of these isolates can be useful for @entity6596 detoxification at low and high concentrations in @entity6596 -contaminated environments and under a wide range of environmental conditions.

title: XXXX reduction by @entity3407 -resistant bacteria isolated from soils contaminated with @entity31752 .

entities_list: @entity31752 :: ('CHEBI:33141', 'Chemical') :: ['dichromate']

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['chromium', 'Chromium']

entities_list: @entity16774 :: ('CHEBI:35404', 'Chemical') :: ['Chromate']

entities_list: @entity6596 :: ('MESH:C074702', 'Chemical') :: ['Cr(VI)', 'hexavalent chromium']

answer: @entity16774 :: (CHEBI:35404,Chemical) :: ['Chromate']


abstract: PURPOSE: Immunotherapy has the potential to improve the dismal prognosis in @entity1124 ( @entity1124 ), but clinical trials - including those with single-agent @entity8395 / @entity4634 inhibition - have been disappointing. Our aim was to examine the immune landscape of @entity1124 as it relates to aspects of @entity5 biology, including neoepitope burden. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used publically available expression data from 134 primary resection @entity1124 samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas to stratify @entity1 according to a cytolytic T-cell activity expression index. We correlated cytolytic immune activity with mutational, structural and neoepitope features of the @entity5 . RESULTS: @entity1 @entity1124 displays a range of intratumoral cytolytic T cell activity. @entity788 with low cytolytic activity exhibited significantly increased copy number alterations including recurrent amplifications of MYC and @entity126 and recurrent deletions and mutations of @entity4640 . In sharp contrast to other @entity5 types, high cytolytic activity in @entity1124 did not correlate with increased mutational burden or neoepitope load (MHC class I and class II). @entity5 exhibited increased expression of multiple immune checkpoint genes compared to cytolytic-low @entity5 , except for @entity4634 expression which was uniformly low. CONCLUSIONS: These data identify a subset of @entity1 @entity1124 with high cytolytic T cell activity. Rather than being linked to mutation burden or neoepitope load, immune activation indices in @entity1124 were inversely linked to genomic alterations, suggesting that intrinsic oncogenic processes drive immune inactivity in @entity1 @entity1124 . Furthermore, these data highlight the potential importance of immune checkpoints other than @entity4634 / @entity8395 as therapeutic targets in this lethal disease.

title: Immune cytolytic activity stratifies molecular subsets of @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['PDA tumors']

entities_list: @entity1124 :: ('MESH:D021441', 'Disease') :: ['PDA', 'pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'Cytolytic-high tumors']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: @entity2348 such as febrile urinary tract infection (fUTI) may run a complicated course which is difficult to foretell on clinical evaluation only. Because the conventional biomarkers erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), leukocyte count, @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ) and @entity1904 (PCT) have a limited role in the prediction of a complicated course of disease, a new biomarker - plasma midregional pro-adrenomedullin (MR-proADM) - was evaluated in @entity1 with fUTI. We conducted a prospective multicentre cohort study including consecutive @entity1 with fUTI at 35 primary care centres and 8 emergency departments. Clinical and microbiological data were collected and plasma biomarker levels were measured at presentation to the physician. Survival was assessed after 30 days. Of 494 fUTI @entity1 , median age was 67 [IQR 49-78] years, 40% were male; two third of them had significant co-existing medical conditions. Median MR-proADM level was 1.42 [IQR 0.67-1.57] nmol/L; significantly elevated MR-proADM levels were measured in @entity1 with @entity582 , those admitted to the ICU, and in 30- and 90-day non-survivors, as compared to @entity1 without these characteristics. The diagnostic accuracy for predicting 30-day mortality in fUTI, reflected by the area-under-the-curve of receiver operating characteristics were: MR-proADM 0.83 (95%CI: 0.71-0.94), PCT 0.71 (95%CI: 0.56-0.85); whereas @entity1851 , ESR and leukocyte count lacked diagnostic value in this respect. This study shows that MR-proADM assessed on first contact predicts a complicated course of disease and 30-day mortality in @entity1 with fUTI and in this respect has a higher discriminating accuracy than currently available biomarkers ESR, @entity1851 , PCT and leukocyte count. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Prognostic value of Pro-adrenomedullin, @entity1904 and XXXX in predicting outcome of febrile urinary tract infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1904 :: ('MESH:C029100', 'Chemical') :: ['procalcitonin']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['Bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity582 :: ('MESH:C531821', 'Disease') :: ['bacteraemia']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1851 :: (1401,Gene) :: ['C-reactive protein']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Cross-sectional studies suggest the association between @entity2316 and the @entity6864 @entity21086 polymorphism of the @entity6864 ( @entity6864 ). Prospective data are limited to microalbuminuria and no information on renal function is available to date. The present study evaluates the association between the @entity21086 polymorphism of @entity6864 and the progression of @entity633 and decay in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in @entity164 2 @entity6 . @entity1 AND MEASUREMENTS: We studied 256 @entity1 with an average 5-year follow-up. Among others, urinary albumin excretion rate (UAER) was measured on spot sample, GFR was estimated with the CKD-EPI Equation. RESULTS: Baseline UAER and GFR were similar for carriers or non-carriers of the polymorphism. At follow-up no significant changes from baseline were observed for UAER or @entity470 in carriers of the @entity21086 polymorphism whereas a significant increase in UAER [17 (11.3-37.9) versus 24.5 (13.8-49.9)  g/mg, p   <   0.006)] and a significant reduction in the @entity470 (82.8        14.5 versus 80.3        17.3  ml/min/1.73, m(2) p   =   0.02), were observed in non carriers of the @entity21086 polymorphism. Progression of @entity8 - defined according to a combined end point of UAER and @entity470 - i.e. doubling of baseline UAER to at least 100   g/mg, or new onset microalbuminuria, or progression from micro to macroalbuminuria, or 25% reduction of @entity470 , or annualized @entity470 decline >3  ml/min/year - was significantly less frequent in Ala carriers than non carriers (11.4% vs 35.8%; p   <   0.01); HR adjusted for baseline age, AER, @entity470 , HbA1c, @entity6 duration and blood pressure was 0.32 (0.12-0.80). CONCLUSIONS: This study found that among @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 , the @entity6864 @entity21086 polymorphism is protective against progression of @entity8 and decay of renal function independent of major confounders.

title: The XXXX @entity21086 variant is protective against progression of @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity21086 :: ('p|SUB|P|12|A', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Pro12Ala']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity6864 :: ('5468', 'Gene') :: ['PPARy2', 'peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor y2']

answer: @entity6864 :: (5468,Gene) :: ['PPARy2']


abstract: Spontaneous @entity453 is an unusual cause of @entity1187 . We describe a series of cases that with an early diagnosis and aggressive treatment, which includes percutaneous angioplasty with stent implantation and cardiac surgery, had a good outcome. The objective was to study the demographic characteristics, clinical settings, treatments, and inhospital course of @entity1 with spontaneous @entity453 . We studied a retrospective case series in 3 coronary care units in third-level university hospitals. The spontaneous @entity453 diagnosis was made by coronary angiography. Seven cases of spontaneous coronary artery dissections were recorded. They were 5 @entity1 and 2 @entity1 . The age range was 28 to 64 years. Two of them took oral contraceptives and one case occurred in the postpartum period. An @entity18564 was the most frequent clinical presentation, occurring in 4 of the 7 cases. In fact, the left anterior descending artery was involved in 6 cases. An urgent coronary angiogram was performed in all cases. Definitive treatment included percutaneous angioplasty and stent implantation in 3 cases, coronary artery bypass surgery in 2 case, and cardiac transplantation in another case. One @entity1 was treated medically. None of the @entity1 died in the hospital. Spontaneous @entity453 remains an unusual cause of @entity1187 . It should be included in the differential diagnosis of @entity583 , especially when it affects young, healthy females. An early clinical suspicion and diagnosis with urgent coronary angiography and aggressive treatment that includes percutaneous angioplasty with stent implantation and cardiac surgery could improve the prognosis of these @entity1 .

title: Spontaneous XXXX causing @entity1187 : an early diagnosis implies a good prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery dissection']

entities_list: @entity18564 :: ('MESH:D056988', 'Disease') :: ['acute anterior wall myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity453 :: (MESH:D003324,Disease) :: ['coronary artery dissection']


abstract: Objective. To explore, in @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ), the association between mobility, @entity32 , and structural damage. Methods. @entity1 with @entity1691 were included in a cross-sectional study in which spinal mobility was measured by the BASMI (Bath @entity1691 Metrology Index) and by the UCOASMI (University of C  rdoba @entity1691 Metrology Index), based on an automated motion analysis. Structural damage was measured by the mSASSS, and activity by the ASDAS, and the BASDAI. We analyzed the correlations between variables as well as interaction by multiple linear regression models to reach a predictive equation. Results. 50 @entity1691 @entity1 , mainly @entity1 in their mid forties, and with moderate levels of disease activity and structural damage, were included in the study. BASMI and UCOASMI showed a strong correlation (r=0.89). UCOASMI correlated stronger than BASMI with structural damage (r=0.72 vs r=0.67), and @entity1 's age (r=0.68 vs r=0.56). Correlations of mobility were weaker with disease activity by ASDAS (r=0.38) and BASDAI (r=0.49), and disease duration (r=0.40). Multiple linear regression showed that factors associated to mobility by UCOASMI were: age, BASDAI, mSASSS, ASDAS (0:<2.1, 1:>= 2.1), and disease duration greater than 15 years. The largest weight in the equation corresponded to mSASSS. The association between ASDAS and UCOASMI is dependent on disease duration. Conclusion. Mobility in @entity1691 is influenced by both structural damage and activity, but definitely also by age and disease duration. Improved mobility should be a relevant target in @entity1691 , even more prominently than activity, given its closer relation to structural damage.    2014 American College of Rheumatology.

title: Spinal mobility in XXXX with spondylitis is determined by age, structural damage, and @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS', 'Ankylosing Spondylitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Sacrococcygeal @entity2869 is common in young @entity1 and may recur over time after surgery. We investigated whether a factor exists that can aid in the determination of the preferred technique between the early Limberg flap and Karydakis flap techniques for treating recurrent @entity2869 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective and randomized study enrolled 71 @entity1 with recurrent @entity2869 in whom the Limberg flap or Karydakis flap techniques were applied for reconstruction after excision. @entity1 were divided into two groups as follows: 37 @entity1 were treated with the Limberg flap technique and 34 @entity1 were treated with the Karydakis flap technique. Fluid collection, wound @entity281 , flap @entity4 , @entity1410 , partial wound separation, return to daily activities, @entity158 score, complete healing time, painless seating and @entity1 satisfaction were compared between the groups. ClinicalTrial.gov: NCT02287935. RESULTS: The development rates of total fluid collection, wound @entity281 , flap @entity4 , @entity1410 , and partial wound separation were 9.8%, 16%, 7%, 15% and 4.2%, respectively; @entity39 was not observed in any @entity1 (p<0.001). During the average follow-up of 28 months, no @entity1 (0%) developed recurrent disease. The two groups differed with respect to early surgical complications (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: In this study, use of the Limberg flap was associated with lower complication rates, shorter length of hospital stay, early return to work, @entity158 score, high @entity1 satisfaction and better complete healing duration. Therefore, we recommend the Limberg flap for treatment of recurrent @entity2869 .

title: Effectiveness of Limberg and Karydakis flap in recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['total flap necrosis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2869 :: ('MESH:D010864', 'Disease') :: ['pilonidal sinus']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['low pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity2869 :: (MESH:D010864,Disease) :: ['pilonidal sinus disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity11592 is a clinical pathologic condition characterized by @entity32 of respiratory bronchioles, with clinical features that position it as a differential diagnosis among the sinopulmonary syndromes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We present 4 cases (1 Black, 2 Japanese descendants, and 1 Japanese), living in Brazil, in which the diagnosis was made by the clinical and radiological features and confirmed by transbronchial biopsy. The clinical findings included chronic @entity1244 , productive cough, rhonchi, and wheezes. The pulmonary function tests showed an obstructive pattern. High resolution computerized tomography showed a diffuse nodular pattern, @entity1224 , and airway wall thickening. The biopsy showed interstitial accumulation of foam cells and lymphoid cells in the walls of respiratory bronchioles: 2 of our cases had bronchus-associated @entity242 . We searched for the HLA @entity28440 in all of our @entity1 , but only 1 was positive. A low dose @entity7646 treatment was introduced, resulting in with clinical and functional improvement. A score that rated the extent of nodules, @entity1224 , mucus plugging, and airway wall thickening was applied on pre- and post-treatment High resolution computerized tomography results, revealing an improvement in tomographic pattern related to that observed in the pulmonary function tests. CONCLUSION: We conclude that @entity11592 is a @entity262 that is not exclusive to the Asian population, whose clinical and radiological features should be better known by occidental pulmonary physicians.

title: XXXX : an underdiagnosed disease? Study of 4 cases in Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid tissue hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity7646 :: ('CHEBI:25106', 'Chemical') :: ['macrolide']

entities_list: @entity262 :: ('MESH:D034721', 'Disease') :: ['systemic disease']

entities_list: @entity11592 :: ('MESH:C536174', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse panbronchiolitis', 'Diffuse panbronchiolitis']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway ectasia']

answer: @entity11592 :: (MESH:C536174,Disease) :: ['Diffuse panbronchiolitis']


abstract: Thirty-four cases of @entity981 that were complicated by CNS and @entity715 or @entity548 associated with @entity4445 ( @entity4445 ) therapy were reviewed to determine the effect of the events on the subsequent clinical status. There was no predilection for any site in the CNS cases; all but one of the peripheral events occurred in the lower extremities. The median time for 28 CNS and eight peripheral events from the beginning of @entity4445 therapy was 17 and 16 days, respectively. One @entity1 died as a result of the CNS event. Twenty-six @entity1 were surviving with a median follow-up of 27 months at the close of the study. Of the @entity1 with peripheral @entity715 , only the @entity1 with a dorsal pedal @entity432 had a significant problem (autoamputation of a toe). Although eight @entity1 received @entity4445 subsequently without recurrence of the complication, two had transient @entity16 associated with the repeat administration of @entity4445 . Twenty-two @entity1 received CNS prophylaxis consisting of intrathecal @entity1499 , CNS radiation, or both, following the CNS event without deterioration. In general, clinical status was not compromised after @entity715 or @entity548 events. Although most @entity1 had gross recovery of their @entity16 , detailed neurological and neuropsychological testing is needed to elucidate possible defects.

title: Sequelae of XXXX following @entity4445 therapy for @entity981 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['childhood lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment', 'neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses', 'thrombotic', 'peripheral thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['thrombotic or hemorrhagic complications']