abstract: UNASSIGNED: Loss of @entity59539 gene expression is associated with poor prognosis in @entity521 , @entity320 and other @entity5 . The present study evaluated the expression of @entity59539 receptor @entity669 kinase in normal and @entity263 tissue using immunohistochemistry. The association between @entity59539 expression, clinicopathological findings, @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ; another prognostic marker) and @entity263 was analyzed. Tissue microarray samples of normal prostatic tissue and @entity263 tissue from 46 @entity1 treated with radical prostatectomy for @entity263 were included in this study. Polyclonal anti- @entity59539 and monoclonal anti- @entity1364 antibodies were used to assess @entity59539 and @entity1364 expression by immunohistochemistry. @entity59539 was expressed in normal and @entity263 tissue; however, its expression was significantly reduced in @entity263 tissue compared with normal prostatic tissue (P<0.0001), in high volume (>= 4 cm(3)) @entity5 compared with low volume (<4 cm(3); P=0.015), and in pT3 stage compared with pT2 stage of the disease (P=0.0007). No correlation was observed between the expression of @entity59539 and @entity1364 . Short biochemical progression-free survival was associated with low @entity59539 protein expression (P=0.157). This study revealed that @entity59539 may have a @entity5 suppressor effect in @entity263 , at least during early stages of this disease. This provides new insight into the potential utility of @entity59539 receptor as a diagnostic/prognostic marker for @entity263 .

title: Reduced expression of erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte B6 receptor XXXX kinase in @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['PCNA', 'proliferating-cell nuclear antigen']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['progression of prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity59539 :: ('2051', 'Gene') :: ['EphB6', 'erythropoietin-producing hepatocyte (Eph) B6']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['tyrosine']


abstract: CONTEXT: Although @entity887 and low-flow phenomenon are the 2 main mechanisms of @entity64 in internal carotid artery (ICA) occlusive disease, the mechanism of @entity1188 remains controversial. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) can more easily detect small or multiple @entity63 lesions than conventional imaging. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the @entity2806 patterns on DWI and to discuss the mechanisms of @entity64 in ICA disease. DESIGN: Case series. SETTING: A tertiary referral center. @entity1 : We enrolled 35 consecutive @entity1 who had an acute @entity385 and (> or = 70%) @entity850 or an occlusion of the extracranial ICA confirmed by cerebral angiography and an acute relevant @entity64 on DWI within 1 week of onset, but without cardiac sources of @entity887 and tandem @entity7244 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The lesion pattern on DWI was categorized as territorial or border zone. @entity2806 were defined as noncontiguous lesions on DWI in more than 1 vascular territory. RESULTS: There were 3 distinctive @entity64 patterns. (1) A @entity75 without a @entity8668 was found in 21 @entity1 : superficial and superficial territorial in 9, superficial and deep territorial in 7, and single in 5. (2) A @entity8668 with or without a @entity75 was found in 10 @entity1 : border zone and territorial in 9 and border zone alone in 1. (3) Bilateral hemispheric lesions were found in 4 @entity1 . @entity2806 were found in 29 (82.9%) of the 35 @entity1 . No @entity1 had episodes of hemodynamic compromise. CONCLUSIONS: An @entity2806 in @entity432 is mainly multiple. @entity1188 was mostly associated with territorial @entity1188 . These results support the fact that @entity887 is the predominant @entity64 mechanism in @entity432 .

title: Lesion patterns and mechanism of XXXX in internal carotid artery disease: a diffusion-weighted imaging study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke lesion', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic lesion', 'acute ischemic lesion', 'Multiple ischemic lesions']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['territorial lesion']

entities_list: @entity8668 :: ('MESH:D001882', 'Disease') :: ['border-zone lesion']

entities_list: @entity7244 :: ('MESH:D020765', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial arterial disease']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['border-zone infarction', 'Border-zone infarction', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['ICA occlusive disease']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: In this study, we have located the sites of transcription initiation and termination on a cloned fragment of ribosomal DNA from @entity1238 , and have sequenced the surrounding @entity2036 . As reported previously (Reeder, Sollner-Webb and Wahn, 1977), about 25% of the 40S rRNA precursor molecules isolated from oocytes have polyphosphate 5' termini and are therefore presumed to represent primary transcripts. These ends hybridize specifically to the 221 bp DNA fragment and removed the overhanging DNA region with S1 nuclease. In the other, we hybridized 40S RNA to a 221 bp fragment of ribosomal DNA. The @entity2036 encoding the 5' end of the 40S RNA were located more precisely by two methods. In one, we hybridized 40S RNA to the 221 bp DNA fragment and removed the overhanging DNA region with S1 nuclease. In the other, we hybridized 40S RNA to a smaller DNA fragment and extended the recessed 3' terminus of the DNA using reverse transcriptase. The resultant DNA fragments were sized on sequencing gels. Both determinations map the 5' end of 40S RNA at the same site in the rDNA, about 2250 bp upstream from the Eco RI site in the 18S rRNA coding sequence. At this site we find a DNA sequence beginning AGGGGAAGAC.... which agrees with partial sequence data from the 5' end of polyphosphorylated and bulk 40S rRNA. Features of this region of the ribosomal DNA will be discussed in this paper. A 227 @entity377 region surrounding the initiation site was also sequenced from an independently derived clone and found to differ in only one @entity377 . In addition, a sequence is found about 1100 @entity2036 upstream from the 5' end of the gene that has 90% homology to the sequence from @entity2036 minus 125 to +4 in the initiation region. At the termination region, @entity1238 ribosomal DNA has a single recognition site for the restriction enzyme Hind III in each repeating unit. Using the S1 nuclease technique, the 3' termini of both the 40S precursor and mature 28S rRNA are seen to map within this recognition sequence. The sequence surrounding the Hind III site has striking homology to termination sites recognized by other RNA polymerase classes. Sequences with similar features are also found upstream from the initiation site.

title: The XXXX sequence of the initiation and termination sites for ribosomal RNA transcription in @entity1238 .

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

answer: @entity377 :: (CHEBI:36976,Chemical) :: ['nucleotide']


abstract: The IEV schedule consisted of @entity1259 100 mg/m2 on day 1, etoposide 150 mg/m2 on days 1-3, and @entity1260 2.5 g/m2 on days 1-3. @entity1 who proceeded to haematopoietic stem cell transplants (HDTs) received conditioning therapy with BEAM [for the @entity978 ( @entity978 ) and @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) groups], or melphalan 100 mg/m2 and @entity2664 [for the @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ) @entity1 ]. The study consisted of 65 @entity1 with a median age of 53 years: 27 had @entity1893 , 20 had @entity978 , 7 had indolent @entity1893 , and 11 had @entity1582 . Fifty-five @entity1 received IEV for a disease that was refractory to conventional induction regimens, or that was in first or second relapse; 4 @entity1 were treated with IEV while in complete response (CR) after chemotherapy in order to mobilise peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). Ninety percent of @entity1 with @entity978 responded to IEV, and 85% achieved CR. Both @entity146 and indolent NHLs were less responsive (ORR 50 and 33%, respectively; CRR 41 and 16.5%, respectively). @entity1582 @entity1 displayed an intermediate responsiveness (ORR 50% and CRR 30%). IEV was well tolerated in most @entity1 . No life- threatening infections were recorded. PBSC mobilisation was successful in 37 out of 39 @entity1 (95%) and led to the collection of a median of 16, 12, and 13.7 x 10(6) @entity2280 + cells/kg in @entity1 with @entity978 , @entity1893 , and @entity1582 , respectively. All 37 @entity1 underwent an autologous stem cell transplant following a 1 to 2 month interval after the end of IEV. Two @entity1 were submitted to an allogeneic transplant. The median overall survival rate in @entity978 , @entity1893 , and indolent @entity1893 is 32 (5-60), 16 (2-46), and 14 (4-42) months, respectively. Median EFS is 31 (5-60), 7 (2-46), and 7.5 (4-42) months, respectively. In conclusion, our study confirms that IEV +/- HDT is a well-tolerated and effective salvage treatment for @entity706 , and that IEV acts as an excellent stem cell mobiliser.

title: XXXX , @entity1259 , etoposide (IEV) and autologous peripheral blood progenitor cell transplant: a feasible and effective salvage treatment for @entity706 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoid malignancies']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'MM']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['NHL', 'aggressive NHL', "non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's Lymphoma", 'HL']

answer: @entity1260 :: (MESH:D007069,Chemical) :: ['Ifosfamide']


abstract: Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) and in the induction of corticosteroid (CS) insensitivity. Chronic @entity1787 exposure leads to a model of @entity1030 with @entity55 and @entity2415 . @entity17311 ( @entity17311 ) may underlie CS insensitivity in @entity1030 . We determined the role played by @entity17311 by studying the effect of @entity288 in wild-type C57/BL6J and @entity17311 (-/-) @entity19 after chronic @entity1787 exposure. @entity19 were exposed to @entity1787 (3ppm, 3h) 12 times over 6 weeks. @entity619 (0.1 or 2mg/kg; intraperitoneally) was administered before each exposure. @entity19 were studied 24h after final exposure. In @entity1787 -exposed C57/BL6J @entity19 , @entity2488 ( @entity2488 ) was not inhibited by both doses of @entity619 , but in @entity17311 (-/-) @entity19 , there was a small inhibition by high dose @entity619 (2mg/kg). There was an increase in mean linear intercept after chronic @entity1787 exposure in both strains which was CS-insensitive. There was lesser @entity32 after low dose of @entity619 in @entity17311 (-/-) @entity19 compared to C57/Bl6J @entity19 . Epithelial and collagen areas were modulated in @entity1787 -exposed @entity17311 (-/-) @entity19 treated with @entity619 compared to C57/Bl6J @entity19 . @entity17311 regulated the expression of @entity1236 , @entity1312 and KC induced by @entity1787 but did not alter @entity619 * s effects. @entity2488 , @entity55 and emphySEMa after chronic exposure are CS-insensitive, and the contribution of @entity17311 to CS sensitivity in this model was negligible.

title: Role of XXXX in corticosteroid insensitivity of chronic oxidant lung injury.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['lung inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['BHR', 'Bronchial hyperresponsiveness', 'bronchial hyperresponsiveness']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone', 'dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity17311 :: ('19252(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1', 'MKP-1']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity17311 :: (19252(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1']


abstract: We report 2 families with an @entity74 of limb and @entity1503 . The W Family was ascertained through AW, a 13-year-old @entity1 , who was purportedly born without @entity154 and who was normal until 11 1/2 years when she developed @entity981 . She died 2 years later with CNS involvement. Her chromosomes, studied in the first weeks after diagnosis of the disease, were apparently normal. Her father had clinodactyly of both 5th fingers and was found to have panmyelocytopenia refractory to all treatment at 26 years. He died within a year of the onset of his @entity417 . This @entity1 's oldest brother was born with @entity600 and was healthy until 38 years when he was also found to have an " @entity417 " and panmyelocytopenia which was refractory to treatment except for transfusions; he died at age 42 years. Both @entity1 were initially thought to have the @entity11807 . Their mother died at 71 years of @entity1778 . DT, the propositus of the second family, was noted to have @entity600 of both hands at birth. At 21 months he had @entity417 for which he received transfusions. Family history reveals that several @entity1 on the paternal side have @entity154 and a history of childhood @entity417 . The paternal grandfather died at age 51 of @entity9020 . Barring genetic heterogeneity, we think that the trait in the W and T families in the same. It is a pleiotropic autosomal dominant mutant which affects radial and ulnar development of the upper limbs and is associated with a relatively high risk of transient or permanent bone @entity236 with or without @entity1778 . We propose the hypothesis that apparently increased risk of @entity1778 to @entity4434 actually represents admixture with the @entity7097 and that @entity4434 may not have an increased risk of @entity1778 .

title: The XXXX --a "new" autosomal dominant pleiotropic trait of radial/ulnar hypoplasia with high risk of bone marrow failure and/or leukemia.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies', 'severe hand anomalies']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['acute lymphoblastic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['anemia', 'idopathic anemia']

entities_list: @entity9020 :: ('MESH:D007948', 'Disease') :: ['acute monocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity7097 :: ('MESH:C536751', 'Disease') :: ['WT syndrome']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations', 'congenital malformations of the elbows and the hands']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant syndrome']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['marrow arrest']

entities_list: @entity4434 :: ('MESH:D005198', 'Disease') :: ['Fanconi heterozygotes']

entities_list: @entity11807 :: ('MESH:D005199', 'Disease') :: ['Fanconi anemia syndrome']

answer: @entity7097 :: (MESH:C536751,Disease) :: ['WT syndrome']


abstract: Our aim was to verify whether the sensitivity of pharmachological stress echocardiography for @entity66 after @entity583 may be improved by a more aggressive protocol, i.e. not considering the appearance of the first @entity854 as the absolute end-point if it occurs in the @entity1188 without clinical or instrumental markers of extensive @entity63 or @entity1002 . One-hundred twenty-one consecutive @entity1 (age 32-71 years) prospectively underwent @entity452 - @entity3897 stress echo ( @entity452 infusion up to 40 micrograms/kg/min with additional @entity3897 1 mg) 11.8 +/- 4.8 days after uncomplicated @entity583 and coronary angiography within 6 weeks. Criteria for stopping the test were: significant ST @entity308 or elevation, typical @entity662 , major @entity943 and @entity1002 . The test was considered as positive if a deterioration of basal wall motion pattern was observed: it was defined homozonally positive (the deterioration occurred in the myocardial area fed by the culprit vessel) or heterozonally positive (the deterioration occurred in a different vascular area). A coronary stenosis > 70% of vessel lumen was defined as critical. Thirty-four @entity1 showed a negative test result. Among the 87 @entity1 with positive test, 65 had no further wall motion deterioration from the first-induced @entity854 ( @entity854 ) to peak test (Group A), whereas nine @entity1 showed further homozonal (Group B) and 13 further heterozonal (Group C) asynergies. Sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of @entity452 stress echocardiography for @entity66 were, respectively, 63%, 96% and 82% using the first-induced @entity854 as test end-point, whilst they were 84% (P < 0.01), 93% and 89% according to the aggressive approach previously described. @entity452 stress time of @entity1 with @entity66 was higher in Groups B and C (13.1 +/- 3.6 min) than in Group A (9.8 +/- 3.7 min, P < 0.01) and, finally, the mean obstruction of non-culprit vessel was higher in Group A (62.2%) than in Group C (47.4%, P < 0.05). No major complications were found. We conclude that the sensitivity of @entity452 stress echocardiography for @entity66 following recent @entity583 is critically dependent on the test end-point. It may be improved by a more aggressive approach capable to identify less severe heterozonal coronary lesions.

title: @entity452 stress echocardiography for the identification of multivessel coronary artery disease after uncomplicated XXXX : the importance of test end-point.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity452 :: ('MESH:D004280', 'Chemical') :: ['Dobutamine', 'dobutamine']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multivessel disease']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['wall motion abnormality', 'WMA']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcted area']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: @entity3330 in elderly @entity1 benefit from surgical fixation. We describe the use of a retrograde femoral nail to treat these @entity174 . The implant has a special condyle screw and nut that allows for manual compression of the @entity174 when there is an additional inter-condylar split. We present our results when using this implant to treat 16 @entity1 over a 13-month period. The mean @entity1 age was 78 years (range, 65-96 years). All 16 @entity1 were available at the time of final follow up and proceeded to union at an average time of 11 weeks (range, 10-14 weeks). Twenty-six condyle screw and nuts were used. Ten out of 26 condyle screws in 10 out of 16 @entity1 failed by disengaging at a mean time of 10 weeks (range, 8-12 weeks). Our union rate was unaffected by the nut and bolt disengaging. This would suggest that the condylar compression generated by the nut and bolt may not be critical for union.

title: The retrograde nail for XXXX in the elderly: high failure rate of the condyle screw and nut.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3330 :: ('MESH:D005264', 'Disease') :: ['Displaced distal femoral fractures']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

answer: @entity3330 :: (MESH:D005264,Disease) :: ['distal femoral fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concern regarding risk of late @entity715 after "off-label" treatment with drug-eluting stents has prompted increased use of bare-metal stents (BMS) in current practice. The sequelae of late BMS failures, however, have been poorly characterized. METHODS AND RESULTS: We performed a retrospective study of 4503 consecutive @entity1 treated with at least 1 BMS and dual antiplatelet therapy between 1994 and 2000. The cumulative incidence of stent @entity715 was 0.5% at 30 days (95% CI, 0.3% to 0.7%), 0.8% at 1 year (95% CI, 0.6% to 1.1%), and 2.0% at 10 years (95% CI, 1.5% to 2.5%). Risk of late (30 days to 1 year) and very late (>1 year) BMS @entity715 was increased among @entity1 considered off label for drug-eluting stent use (P=0.024). When saphenous vein graft interventions were excluded, however, risk after off-label use was not significantly increased (P=0.23). Other correlates included vein graft intervention, prior @entity583 ( @entity583 ), @entity1095 , and @entity1066 (P<0.001). Mortality was markedly increased after late and very late BMS @entity715 , particularly during the first 30 days (hazard ratios, 22 [95% CI, 3.1 to 159] and 40 [95% CI, 15 to 107], respectively). The 10-year incidence of clinical @entity256 was 18.1% (95% CI, 16.5% to 19.7%), presenting with @entity583 in 2.1% (95% CI, 1.6% to 2.6%). Restenosis presenting with @entity583 was associated with increased mortality compared with no @entity256 (hazard ratio, 2.37; P<0.001) and with @entity256 with a non- @entity583 presentation (hazard ratio, 2.42; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of BMS @entity715 and of @entity583 caused by @entity256 during extended follow-up is significant. Both complications are associated with mortality.

title: Outcomes of stent @entity715 and @entity256 during extended follow-up of XXXX treated with bare-metal coronary stents.

entities_list: @entity1095 :: ('MESH:D016491', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerated lesion']

entities_list: @entity256 :: ('MESH:D023903', 'Disease') :: ['restenosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: AIM: @entity1 with untreated advanced @entity14 were enrolled to this single arm phase II multi-center cooperative group trial of bevacizumab combined with @entity3027 . The first 20 @entity1 received @entity2600 (125 mg/m(2)), @entity1487 (500 mg/m(2)) and @entity4181 (20 mg/m(2)) weekly for four of six weeks and high-dose bevacizumab (10 mg/kg) every other week. Following a @entity137 review of other trials using @entity3027 , subsequent @entity1 were enrolled at reduced doses of @entity2600 (100 mg/m(2)) and @entity1487 (400 mg/m(2)). RESULTS: Of the 92 @entity1 accrued to the study, @entity137 data are available for 87 @entity1 and efficacy data for 81 @entity1 . At a median follow-up of 37.5 months, median overall survival is 26.3 months, median progression free survival is 10.7 months and 1-year survival is 85%. The overall response rate is 49.4% (6.2% complete responses). A reduction in the starting doses of @entity2600 and @entity1487 decreased the occurrence of @entity391 , @entity294 and @entity1398 related complications. Bleeding occurred in 37 @entity1 ; all events but two were grade 1 or grade 2. There were nine reports of grade 3 or grade 4 @entity887 . @entity101 of any grade occurred in 13% of @entity1 and @entity644 was infrequent. CONCLUSION: High-dose bevacizumab added to @entity3027 is a well-tolerated and highly active regimen in @entity1 with previously untreated metastatic @entity14 .

title: A phase II study of high-dose bevacizumab in combination with @entity2600 , @entity1487 , @entity4181 , as initial therapy for advanced XXXX : results from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group study E2200.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertension']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['thrombo-embolic events']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: @entity39 in the @entity35 is produced by injecting platelet-activating factor (PAF) intravenously. Since intestinal hypoperfusion is observed after PAF injection, we hypothesize that mesenteric vasoconstriction is the mechanism of @entity130 . We thus studied the effects of vasodilators in this model. We found that: (1) @entity5333 , @entity3159 , @entity30207 (leukotriene antagonist) and @entity5015 counteracted the PAF-induced @entity130 . However, @entity5333 and @entity3159 were relatively ineffective in correcting PAF-induced @entity551 , showing that @entity130 can be prevented independently of the @entity551 state. (2) @entity1242 failed to prevent @entity130 , although it improved the mesenteric blood flow. Thus, in opposition to our initial hypothesis, correction of the mesenteric flow reduction induced by @entity5567 does not always prevent intestineal @entity39 . (3) Only @entity5333 , @entity3159 , @entity30207 , and @entity5015 ameliorated PAF-induced hemoconcentration and @entity130 . This suggests a correlation between @entity1317 (expressed by "leaky" vessels and the consequent hemoconcentration) and @entity39 . (4) Although both @entity1242 and @entity2514 relax smooth muscle, @entity2514 seemed to aggravate @entity39 . The mechanism remains unclear.

title: PAF-induced XXXX . Effects of vasodilators.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic bowel necrosis', 'necrosis', 'bowel necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitroglycerin', 'nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity3159 :: ('MESH:D011224', 'Chemical') :: ['prazosin']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity2514 :: ('MESH:D006830', 'Chemical') :: ['hydralazine']

entities_list: @entity5333 :: ('MESH:D010643', 'Chemical') :: ['Phenoxybenzamine', 'phenoxybenzamine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive', 'hypotension']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric flow reduction and ameliorated the bowel injury', 'bowel injury']

answer: @entity39 :: (MESH:D009336,Disease) :: ['bowel necrosis']


abstract: @entity8083 (BH4) is an essential cofactor for various enzymes in mammals. In vivo, it is synthesized from @entity3007 via the three-step pathway of @entity3007 cyclohydrolase I (GCHI), @entity62047 synthase (PTPS) and @entity24268 reductase (SPR). BH4 is a medicine used to treat @entity814 . It is currently synthesized by chemical means, which consists of many steps, and requires costly materials and complicated procedures. To explore an alternative microbial method for BH4 production, we utilized recombinant DNA technology to construct recombinant @entity526 (E. coli) strains carrying genes expressing GCHI, PTPS and SPR enzymes. These strains successfully produced BH4, which was detected as @entity43835 and @entity33222 , oxidation products of BH4. In order to increase BH4 productivity we made further improvements. First, to increase the de novo @entity3007 supply, an @entity50183 resistant mutant was isolated and an additional guaBA operon was introduced. Second, to augment the activity of GCHI, the folE gene from @entity526 was replaced by the mtrA gene from @entity3881 . These modifications provided us with a strain showing significantly higher productivity, up to 4.0 g of biopterin/L of culture broth. The results suggest the possibility of commercial BH4 production by our method.

title: Genetic engineering of @entity526 for production of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity24268 :: ('MESH:C016727', 'Chemical') :: ['sepiapterin']

entities_list: @entity43835 :: ('MESH:C017226', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrobiopterin']

entities_list: @entity62047 :: ('MESH:C045652', 'Chemical') :: ['6-pyruvoyl-tetrahydropterin']

entities_list: @entity8083 :: ('MESH:C003402', 'Chemical') :: ['Tetrahydrobiopterin']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

entities_list: @entity814 :: ('MESH:D010661', 'Disease') :: ['atypical hyperphenylalaninemia']

entities_list: @entity33222 :: ('MESH:D001708', 'Chemical') :: ['biopterin']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity8083 :: (MESH:C003402,Chemical) :: ['tetrahydrobiopterin']


abstract: @entity1687 ( @entity1687 ) is a rare and fatal @entity2315 that is currently untreatable. In most cases, @entity1687 is caused by mutations of the @entity30385 gene, which encodes a glycoprotein playing an important role in @entity165 transport. @entity19 lacking the @entity30385 gene exhibit several pathological features of @entity1687 @entity1 and have been widely used to provide insights into the mechanisms of the disease. In the present study, we analyzed the postnatal development of pathological manifestations of @entity32 in several brain regions of @entity30385 -/- @entity19 . Brain sections from @entity30385 -/- and wild-type ( @entity30385 +/+) @entity19 were immunostained with the @entity3804 antibody, which recognizes microglia, with antibodies against @entity9327 ( @entity9327 ), which recognize astrocytes, and with antibodies against the cytokine @entity635 ( @entity635 ). Numbers of @entity3804 immunopositive cells were markedly increased in several brain regions of @entity30385 -/- @entity19 as early as 2 weeks of age. This effect was particularly evident in globus pallidus, ventral lateral thalamus, medial geniculate nucleus, and cerebellum. @entity3804 -immunopositive cells had enlarged cell bodies and shorter processes, suggesting they were in an active state. By 4 weeks, most brain structures exhibited enhanced microglial activation in @entity30385 -/- @entity19 , and this was maintained at 12 weeks. At 2 weeks, reactive astrocytes were only observed in the ventral lateral thalamus while they were present throughout the brain of @entity30385 -/- @entity19 at 4 weeks of age. Moreover, the astroglial reaction coincided with up-regulation of the cytokine, @entity635 , in most, but not all brain regions. In particular, no @entity635 up-regulation was observed in regions devoid of @entity528 . These results suggest that microglial activation precedes and might be causally related to @entity528 , while astrocyte activation might be a consequence of @entity528 .

title: Postnatal development of XXXX in a @entity19 model of @entity1687 : immunohistochemical observations of microglia and astroglia.

entities_list: @entity2315 :: ('MESH:D016464', 'Disease') :: ['neurovisceral storage disorder']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity9327 :: ('14580(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['glial fibrillary acidic protein', 'GFAP']

entities_list: @entity1687 :: ('MESH:D052556', 'Disease') :: ['NPC', 'Niemann-Pick type C']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal degeneration']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyze the postoperative complications of bone and joint allografting for the reconstruction of massive @entity79 after the resection of malignant @entity3478 and its management. METHODS: Bone-joint allografting for the reconstruction of massive @entity79 after the resection of malignant @entity3478 with different internal fixations was performed in 106 @entity1 with complete follow-up data. Bone healing time, complication rate, and final results in different allografts were compared. Operation indications, complications and internal fixation were also analyzed. The final results were determined according to the Mankin's standard. RESULTS: Allografts @entity167 immersed were more susceptible to infection, non-union, etc. Allografts and combined prosthesis were superior to semi-articular transplantation. Complications included @entity281 (10%), @entity39 (12.2%), local recurrence (14.4%), and delayed union or non-union (15.6%). Dynamic interlocked intramedullary nailing was superior to conventional intramedullar nailing and compression plates. CONCLUSIONS: Allografting is acceptable for the reconstruction of massive @entity79 after @entity5 resection. Its results are encouraging after proper management of complications caused by surgical technique, internal fixation and soft tissue repair.

title: [Complications of massive allografts after segmental resection of malignant XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['Alcohol']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['skin necrosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone defect']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['deep infection']

answer: @entity3478 :: (MESH:D001859,Disease) :: ['bone tumors']


abstract: Heliotropium bacciferum is paramount in medicinal perspective and belongs to Boraginaceae family. The crude and numerous fractions of leaves, stem, and roots of the plant were investigated for phytochemical analysis and DPPH radical scavenging activity. Phytochemical analysis of crude and fractions of the plant revealed the presence of alkaloids, @entity3857 , tannins, @entity230 , @entity6399 , @entity3088 , glycosides, and @entity11572 . The antioxidant (free radical scavenging) activity of various extracts of the Heliotropium bacciferum was resolute against @entity15792 (DPPH) radical with the avail of UV spectrophotometer at 517   nm. The stock solution (1000   mg/mL) and then several dilutions (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250   mg/mL) of the crude and fractions were prepared. @entity620 was used as a standard. The plant leaves (52.59    0.84 to 90.74    1.00), stem (50.19    0.92 to 89.42    1.10), and roots extracts (49.19    0.52 to 90.01    1.02) divulged magnificent antioxidant activities. For the ascertainment of the @entity844 constituents a gas chromatograph hyphenated to mass spectrometer was used. The essential @entity1718 for growth maintenance such as @entity4722 (65.70%), @entity60710 (15.12%), @entity3952 (8.72%), and @entity7609 (8.14%) were found in high percentage. The infrared spectra of all extracts of the plant were recorded by IR Prestige-21 FTIR model.

title: Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant Activity, XXXX Composition, and Functional Group Analysis of Heliotropium bacciferum.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity3952 :: ('MESH:D019301', 'Chemical') :: ['oleic acid']

entities_list: @entity6399 :: ('MESH:D013729', 'Chemical') :: ['terpenoids']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['Ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity3857 :: ('MESH:D012503', 'Chemical') :: ['saponins']

entities_list: @entity60710 :: ('CHEBI:72850', 'Chemical') :: ['eicosadienoic acid']

entities_list: @entity7609 :: ('MESH:D019308', 'Chemical') :: ['palmitic acid']

entities_list: @entity3088 :: ('MESH:D005419', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoids']

entities_list: @entity4722 :: ('MESH:D019787', 'Chemical') :: ['linoleic acid']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity15792 :: ('MESH:C004931', 'Chemical') :: ['2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['Fatty Acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Tourniquet @entity158 is one of the major obstacles for intravenous regional anesthesia. We aimed to compare @entity1340 and @entity12802 used in intravenous regional anesthesia as regards their effects on the quality of anesthesia, tourniquet @entity158 and @entity282 as well. METHODS: After the ethics committee approval 51 @entity1 of ASA physical status I-II aged 18-65 years were enrolled. The @entity1 were divided into three groups. Group P (n=17) received 3mg/kg 0.5% @entity5403 ; group PT (n=17) 3mg/kg 0.5% @entity5403 +2mL (100mg) @entity1340 and group PL (n=17) 3mg/kg 0.5% @entity5403 +2mL (8mg) @entity12802 for intravenous regional anesthesia. @entity3481 onset and recovery times were noted, as well as tourniquet @entity158 and postoperative analgesic consumptions. RESULTS: Sensory block onset times in the groups PT and PL were shorter, whereas the corresponding recovery times were longer than those in the group P. Motor block onset times in the groups PT and PL were shorter than that in the group P, whereas recovery time in the group PL was longer than those in the groups P and PT. Tourniquet @entity158 onset time was shortest in the group P and longest in the group PL. There was no difference regarding tourniquet @entity158 among the groups. Group PL displayed the lowest analgesic consumption postoperatively. CONCLUSION: Adding @entity1340 and @entity12802 to @entity5403 for intravenous regional anesthesia produces favorable effects on sensory and motor blockade. Postoperative analgesic consumption can be decreased by adding @entity1340 and @entity12802 to @entity5403 in intravenous regional anesthesia.

title: Comparison of XXXX and @entity12802 in intravenous regional anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5403 :: ('MESH:D011318', 'Chemical') :: ['prilocaine']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity12802 :: ('MESH:C059451', 'Chemical') :: ['lornoxicam']

entities_list: @entity3481 :: ('MESH:D015417', 'Disease') :: ['Sensory and motor block']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

answer: @entity1340 :: (MESH:D014147,Chemical) :: ['tramadol']


abstract: Major resection of cirrhotic livers can result in @entity1578 , but no supportive treatment has been found to be generally effective. We successfully treated a 63-year-old @entity1 with @entity1578 with plasmapheresis. Following right hepatectomy, the initial postoperative recovery of liver function was favorable, except for @entity843 . One month later, however, the amount of drained @entity843 increased up to 2 l/day. In addition, serum @entity165 concentration gradually decreased to around 30 mg/dl, and serum total @entity648 rose to 11.1 mg/dl. Plasmapheresis was performed, and after just 2 sessions, serum @entity165 level was rapidly corrected and prothrombin time was restored. After 3 sessions of plasmapheresis, the usual rebound rise of serum @entity648 disappeared, and the amount of @entity843 drained also decreased slowly. The @entity1 underwent a total of 5 sessions of plasmapheresis over 2 weeks, after which liver function improved slowly, and she was finally discharged 72 days after liver resection. Mild @entity843 requiring diuretic therapy persisted over 3 months. She is doing well to date 10 months after liver resection without @entity5 recurrence or @entity99 . This limited experience suggests that plasmapheresis can be a useful liver support for @entity1578 .

title: Reappraisal of plasmapheresis as a supportive measure in a XXXX with @entity1578 after major hepatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1578 :: ('MESH:D017093', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic failure', 'post-hepatectomy liver failure']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic decompensation']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: To study the effect of the @entity935 agonist @entity9229 , on ovarian activity in the female @entity235 during pro-estrus and estrus, 6 greyhounds were treated with 5 microg/kg per os of @entity9229 for 20 days beginning on the first day of pro-estrus; 6 animals were left untreated (controls). Ovarian morphology was determined by ultrasound examination once a day during pro-estrus and twice a day during estrus. Follicles were divided into three classes on the basis of their diameter: F1 (<3mm), F2 (3-6mm) and F3 (>6mm). The presence and diameters of post-ovulatory follicles (F-POST) and corpora lutea (CL) were also recorded. Blood samples were taken once a day during pro-estrus and twice a day during estrus. The plasma was assayed for LH, prolactin and @entity1420 by radioimmunoassay. There were no differences between @entity9229 -treated and control @entity235 in the duration of pro-estrus or estrus. There was a progressive increase in follicle diameter from the start of pro-estrus when follicles were mainly class F1 to the day of estrus when follicles were mainly class F3. Three days after the start of estrus, the first F-POST follicles were detected. This pattern of development continued and on day 5 the first CLs were detected. By day 9, only CLs were detected. The peak of pre-ovulatory LH was within 3 days of estrus and ovulation was detected in all animals within 3 days of the LH peak. There were no differences in LH concentrations between groups. Plasma prolactin levels varied between animals and were reduced in treated @entity235 , however, this was not statistically significant (P=0.12). Plasma @entity1420 levels were below 1.0 ng/ml before the LH surge and thereafter gradually increased. There were no differences in plasma @entity1420 concentrations between treated and control @entity235 . In conclusion these results show that the administration of the @entity935 agonist @entity9229 during pro-estrus and estrus did not affect the duration of pro-estrus or estrus or the pattern of follicular and luteal development in female @entity235 .

title: The effect of administering a @entity935 agonist ( XXXX ) on follicular and luteal development during pro-estrus and estrus in the female greyhound.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity9229 :: ('MESH:C047047', 'Chemical') :: ['Cabergoline']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

answer: @entity9229 :: (MESH:C047047,Chemical) :: ['Cabergoline']


abstract: @entity526 alpha-hemolysin (HlyA), archetype of a bacterial pore-forming toxin, has been reported to deregulate physiological @entity141 channels, thus inducing periodic low-frequency @entity141 oscillations that trigger transcriptional processes in @entity1 cells. The present study was undertaken to delineate the mechanisms underlying the @entity141 oscillations. Patch-clamp experiments were combined with single cell measurements of intracellular @entity141 and with flowcytometric analyses. Application of HlyA at subcytocidal concentrations provoked @entity141 oscillations in @entity1 renal and endothelial cells. However, contrary to the previous report, the phenomenon could not be inhibited by the @entity141 channel blocker @entity594 and @entity141 oscillations showed no constant periodicity at all. @entity141 oscillations were dependent on the pore-forming activity of HlyA: application of a nonhemolytic but bindable toxin had no effect. Washout experiments revealed that @entity141 oscillations could not be maintained in the absence of toxin in the medium. Analogously, @entity2667 flux into cells occurred in the presence of HlyA, but cells rapidly became impermeable toward the dye after toxin washout, indicating @entity66 . Finally, patch-clamp experiments revealed temporal congruence between pore formation and @entity141 influx. We conclude that the nonperiodic @entity141 oscillations induced by HlyA are not due to deregulation of physiological @entity141 channels but derive from pulsed influxes of @entity141 as a consequence of formation and rapid closure of HlyA pores in @entity1 cell membranes.

title: Why XXXX alpha-hemolysin induces calcium oscillations in @entity1 cells--the pore is on its own.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['resealing or removal of the membrane lesions']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: A study to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant @entity1956 vaccine containing the S and pre-S2 antigens (GenHevac B Pasteur) was conducted in healthy newborn @entity1 . All @entity1 received 20 micrograms of vaccine within 24 h of birth and at 1 and 2 months with a booster injection at month 12. The vaccine was administered alone in 19 @entity1 born to low risk mothers, i.e. surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative and antibody to the core antigen (Anti- @entity13210 )-positive mothers. The vaccine was administered in combination with 100 IU @entity1956 immune globulin (HBIg) at birth and 1 month in 18 @entity1 born to high risk mothers, i.e. HBsAg positive mothers. In the group not receiving HBIg, the anti-HBs seroconversion rate at the 10 mIU ml-1 threshold was 50% 1 month after the first injection. In both groups, the anti-HBs seroconversion rates were 100% 1 month after the third injection and greater than 85% 1 month after the second injection. After the booster injection greater than 90% of the @entity1 had an anti-HBs titre greater than 1000 mIU ml-1 which will probably provide them with adequate protection for several years. The kinetics of the anti-pre-S2 response was similar to that of the anti-HBs response and 100% of @entity1 in both groups had seroconverted 1 month after the second injection of the vaccine. The side effects were scarce, all mild and transient.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Immunogenicity and safety in newborns of a new recombinant XXXX vaccine containing the S and pre-S2 antigens.

entities_list: @entity1956 :: ('MESH:D006509', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis B']

answer: @entity1956 :: (MESH:D006509,Disease) :: ['hepatitis B']


abstract: We analyzed the informations concerning the late postoperative evolution for 405 (60%) of 760 @entity1 with @entity694 operated between 1968-1996 in the Surgical Clinic from Tg.-Mure   and we found a global 5-year survival rate of 35.57%. The conclusion after this study was that the most important worsening prognostic factors were the advanced stage evolution of the @entity5 and the occlusion. The females had a better prognosis than the males. The rural @entity1 had a better prognosis than the urban. In our study the younger age isn't a worsening factor for survival. The @entity1 with a longer history of the symptoms had an unexpected better survival rate than the others. Localization of the @entity5 at the site of the descending colon and flexures is an important negative prognostic factor. The penetrating feature of the @entity5 is more important than the lymphatic invasion for prognosis. Subtotal colectomy performed for stenotic @entity5 of the left colon, even in emergency for occlusions gave us one of the best 5-year survival rate (75%). The histopathologic type of undifferentiated @entity189 and the mucinous @entity420 are associated with the poorest survival rate. The @entity706 has a better survival rate than the @entity189 . The perioperative blood transfusion, even though is associated with a low survival rate it is not an important prognostic factor.

title: [ XXXX in the experience of Surgical Clinic No. 1, T  rgu-Mure  . Late postoperative results].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['Colon cancer']


abstract: AIM: To evaluate the clinical characteristics and outcomes of nonradiographic @entity1691 (nr-axSpA) in Korean @entity1 . METHODS: A retrospective analysis evaluated 155 @entity1 with nr-axSpA at a single tertiary hospital between January 2001 and January 2011. Baseline characteristics and clinical courses were reviewed and compared with those of @entity1 with @entity1691 ( @entity1691 ). RESULTS: The mean age at disease onset was 29.5      10.8  years and 52 (33.5%) @entity1 were female. The mean age at symptom onset was older (29.5      10.8 vs 25.9      9.2, respectively, P  <  0.001) and the male-to-female ratio was lower (2  :  1 vs 5  :  1, respectively, P  =  0.001) in @entity1 with nr-axSpA compared with @entity1 with @entity1691 . The proportion of females was higher among @entity1 with late onset @entity11028 than early-onset nr-axSpA (55.0% vs 30.1%, respectively, P  =  0.029). Among 74 @entity1 with nr-axSpA, whose follow-up duration was more than 1.5  years, 29 (39.2%) @entity1 progressed to @entity1691 during the follow-up period. The proportion of females was lower in progressors that that of non-progressors (13.8% vs 44.4%, respectively, P  =  0.010). Presence of syndesmophyte and minimal X-ray changes at baseline were frequently observed in progressors compared with non-progressors (26.7% vs 0.0%, P  =  0.006 and 69.0 vs 35.6%, P  =  0.005, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The predominance of male @entity1 is more prominent among Korean @entity1 with @entity11028 compared with Caucasians. Female nr-axSpA @entity1 had late symptom onset and less progression to @entity1691 . X-ray changes at baseline were associated with radiographic progression.

title: Clinical characteristics of nonradiographic @entity1691 in Korea: a comparison with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['axial spondyloarthritis', 'ankylosing spondylitis', 'AS']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The objective of our study was to evaluate sex differences in the impact of weight and @entity1144 on the risk of @entity385 . METHODS: We included 388 @entity1 with @entity385 (aged <75 years) assessed consecutively in our hospital and 732 controls matched by age and sex. Vascular risk factors and anthropometric data (waist circumference, weight and height) were recorded. The impact of three anthropometric variables [body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist to height ratio] on @entity385 risk was calculated. These variables were divided into quartiles for a comprehensive comparison between cases and controls, stratified by sex and adjusted in logistic regression by age and vascular risk factors. Further logistic regression using dummy variables was performed to evaluate the association between BMI-adjusted @entity1144 and @entity64 risk. RESULTS: Increased BMI was not associated with @entity64 overall or in @entity1 , but was a protective factor in @entity1 [P = 0.03; odds ratio (OR), 0.59 (0.37-0.94)]. @entity1144 was a risk factor for @entity64 in @entity1 , in both waist circumference [P < 0.001; OR, 5.79 (3.10-10.85)] and waist to height ratio [P < 0.001; OR, 3.61 (1.99-6.54)] analyses, but was not significant in @entity1 . When considered independently of BMI, @entity1144 was a risk factor in both sexes, but the strength of the association was significantly higher in @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Increased BMI was related to a lower risk of @entity64 in @entity1 . @entity1144 was associated with @entity385 in @entity1 . The impact of @entity1144 on @entity64 risk differs by sex.

title: Sex-related differences in XXXX impact on @entity385 risk.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1144 :: ('MESH:D056128', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal obesity', 'Abdominal obesity']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['increased stroke risk', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1144 :: (MESH:D056128,Disease) :: ['abdominal obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Psychiatric @entity137 ( @entity137 ) are distressing for @entity1 and have important public health implications. We identified the drugs with the most frequent spontaneous reports of @entity308 , and fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour to the UK's Yellow Card Scheme from 1998 to 2011. METHODS: We obtained Yellow Card data from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency for the drugs with the most frequent spontaneous reports of @entity308 and suicidal behaviour from 1964 onwards. Prescribing data were obtained from the NHS Information Centre and the Department of Health. We examined the frequency of reports for drugs and estimated rates of reporting of @entity146 @entity137 using prescribing data as proxy denominators from 1998 to 2011, as prescribing data were not available prior to 1998. RESULTS: There were 110 different drugs with >=    20 reports of @entity308 , 58 with >=  10 reports of non-fatal suicidal behaviour and 33 with >=  5 reports of fatal suicidal behaviour in the time period. The top five drugs with the most frequent reports of @entity308 were the smoking cessation medicines @entity4006 and @entity752 , followed by @entity903 (a selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitor), @entity10211 (used in acne treatment) and @entity351 (a weight loss drug). Selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors, @entity4006 and the antipsychotic medicine @entity1088 were included in the top five medicines with the most frequent reports of fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour. Medicines with the highest reliably measured reporting rates of @entity146 @entity137 per million prescriptions dispensed in the community included @entity351 , @entity10211 , @entity8775 (an antimalarial), @entity4006 and @entity752 . Robust denominators for community prescribing were not available for two drugs with five or more suicide reports, efavirenz (an antiretroviral medicine) and @entity1088 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity308 and suicide-related @entity137 are reported for many nervous system and non-nervous system drugs. As spontaneous reports cannot be used to determine causality between the drug and the ADR, @entity146 @entity137 which can cause significant public alarm should be specifically assessed and reported in all randomised controlled trials.

title: Reporting of drug induced XXXX and fatal and non-fatal suicidal behaviour in the UK from 1998 to 2011.

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['adverse drug reactions', 'ADRs']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity4006 :: ('MESH:C500838', 'Chemical') :: ['varenicline']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity903 :: ('MESH:D017374', 'Chemical') :: ['paroxetine']

entities_list: @entity10211 :: ('MESH:D015474', 'Chemical') :: ['isotretinoin']

entities_list: @entity8775 :: ('MESH:D015767', 'Chemical') :: ['mefloquine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity752 :: ('MESH:D016642', 'Chemical') :: ['bupropion']

entities_list: @entity351 :: ('MESH:C089032', 'Chemical') :: ['rimonabant']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: The mechanisms of progression, remission and relapse of @entity2401 remain unclear. To clarify these mechanisms, we focused on T helper-1 ( @entity1198 )/T helper-2 (Th2) subsets balance of peripheral lymphocytes and serum cytokine levels during disease progression in @entity35 with experimental @entity2401 (EAM). Lewis @entity35 were immunized with cardiac myosin on day 0. Blood samples were collected on days 0, 7, 15, 18, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 following immunization. We examined percentages of @entity3692 and/or @entity12718 producing cells in stimulated peripheral @entity11264 -positive lymphocytes using flow cytometry analysis. Serum @entity3692 , @entity5041 , @entity568 and @entity13358 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The percentage of @entity1198 /Th2 subsets in EAM on days 0, 15, 28 and 56 were 2.5 +/- 0.5/0.5 +/- 0.1%, 19.4 +/- 3.2/1.6 +/- 0.3%, 2.0 +/- 0.5/22.1 +/- 5.7% and 3.0 +/- 0.4/1.7 +/- 0.3%, respectively. Serum levels of @entity1198 cytokines, @entity3692 and @entity5041 significantly increased in the acute phase (from day 15-18) and immediately decreased in the early recovery phase. On the other hand, serum levels of Th2 cytokine, @entity13358 significantly increased in the early recovery phase (from day 24-30). These results suggest that induction of @entity2401 might be associated with systemic @entity1198 dominance, while recovery is related to systemic Th2 polarity. Thus, analysis of @entity1198 /Th2 balance in peripheral T cells may be useful in disease monitoring in @entity1 with @entity2401 and @entity384 .

title: Polarity of helper T cell subsets represents disease nature and clinical course of experimental @entity2401 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['postmyocarditic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune myocarditis', 'myocarditis', 'acute myocarditis']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Situs inversus totalis is a rare @entity154 that often occurs concomitantly with other disorders. We report a case of situs inversus totalis with @entity706 , which was successfully treated by surgery followed by chemotherapy and irradiation. The @entity1 was a 51-year-old @entity1 who present with @entity158 in the left upper quadrant of her abdomen. Chest X-ray showed a right-sided heart, and ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed a situs inversus totalis with multiple @entity5990 in the gallbladder. Tree-dimensional reconstructed CT of the abdomen showed no other @entity600 coexisting with situs inversus totalis, but a barium upper gastrointestinal series found an inverted stomach and an @entity5 with @entity1066 in the center, localized in the antrum of the stomach. First, we performed a cholecystectomy, followed by a total gastrectomy with dissection of the lymph nodes and splenectomy, and Roux-en-Y reconstruction. Histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of @entity706 (diffuse large B-cell type) with @entity3 to the regional lymph nodes. Chemotherapy using the @entity3726 regimen was given three times, starting 1 month postoperatively. A followup CT scan showed enlargement of one lymph node around the abdominal aorta and irradiation was delivered to the area of the inverted Y in the abdomen. At the time of writing, 10 months after surgery, the @entity1 is well with no signs of recurrence and leading a normal life. Careful preoperative assessment is very important for determining the most appropriate surgical procedure in @entity1 with situs inversus totalis associated with a @entity5 .

title: Situs inversus totalis with XXXX : report of a case.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lymphoma of the stomach']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['elevated tumor', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulceration']

entities_list: @entity5990 :: ('MESH:D042882', 'Disease') :: ['gallstones']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['malformations']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['colicky pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity706 :: (MESH:D008223,Disease) :: ['malignant lymphoma of the stomach']


abstract: PURPOSE: To show the clinical results of the treatment of @entity75 via radiosurgery using Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 52 @entity1 having lung (62  %), breast (17  %), @entity14 (13  %) with one to three @entity75 were treated with 5 non-coplanar VMAT arcs. The treatment dose varied from 12 to 20  Gy, administered in one single session. The volume of @entity3 ranged from 0.04 to 24.92  cc. Radiosurgery alone was used for 54  % of cases, while 19  % received whole brain radiotherapy due to relapse. @entity1 were classified according to the Disease-specific graded prognostic assessment (DS-GPA) index and survival was assessed via the Kaplan-Meier model. RESULTS: The median survival time was 7.2  months from the date of radiosurgery. The Karnofsky and DS-GPA indices were the most significant with regard to survival. @entity1 with a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) over 70 had a longer survival time of 9.2  months, as opposed to those with a KPS below 70 of 3.5  months. No significant differences were found with regard to the type of @entity5 or the number of lesions. @entity5 control was achieved for 42 @entity3 (82  %), of which a complete response was achieved for 7 lesions, a partial response for 21; 15 lesions were stabilized. Local progression was observed in 8 lesions (15  %). The median treatment time per @entity1 was 29  min. CONCLUSIONS: The VMAT technique proves to be safe and effective for treating @entity75 via radiosurgery.

title: Single fraction volumetric modulated arc radiosurgery of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain metastases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Local tumour']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal (8  %) and other cancers']

answer: @entity75 :: (MESH:D001927,Disease) :: ['brain metastases']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The @entity5 suppressor gene product, @entity986 , is often inactivated during @entity320 malignant progression. Although the importance of @entity986 in @entity320 is well documented, its relationship with @entity4910 , @entity3546 and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) remains unclear. AIM: To determine the role of these cell cycle-related proteins and high-risk sun exposure in the biological behaviour of @entity75 . METHODS: We used immunohistochemistry to examine 28 @entity8205 ( @entity8205 ; 9 congenital and 19 acquired types) and 24 primary @entity320 ( @entity16359 ; 19 nodular @entity320 , 3 @entity320 , 1 @entity320 and 1 superficial @entity320 ) for the presence of @entity986 , @entity4910 and @entity3546 . The @entity75 were classified into two groups to examine the effects of UVR on these three proteins: high risk of sun exposure (chronically sun damaged; CSD), or low risk of sun exposure (nonchronically sun damaged; non-CSD). We evaluated the relationship between the production of these proteins and the histopathological and clinical characteristics of the lesions. RESULTS: Production of @entity986 was repressed in most @entity16359 , but not in @entity8205 (P < 0.0001). @entity4910 was overproduced in @entity16359 but not in @entity8205 , and @entity3546 was frequently overproduced both in @entity8205 and @entity16359 . Overproduction of @entity3546 was not common in CSD @entity75 , but was more frequent in non-CSD @entity75 (P = 0.027). CONCLUSION: An immunohistochemical panel including melanocytic markers enriched by @entity986 and @entity4910 could be used to differentiate some @entity75 . In addition, the Wnt/ @entity3546 pathway was more frequently activated in non-CSD than in CSD @entity75 .

title: The effect of the sun on expression of @entity3546 , XXXX and @entity4910 proteins in @entity75 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['melanocytic lesions', 'borderline melanocytic lesions']

entities_list: @entity8205 :: ('MESH:D009508', 'Disease') :: ['MN', 'melanocytic naevi']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'cutaneous malignant melanomas', 'acral lentiginous melanoma', 'melanomas', 'spreading melanoma', 'lentigo maligna melanomas']

answer: @entity986 :: (1029,Gene) :: ['p16']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of exogenous @entity27602 in the regeneration of adult white @entity95 @entity129 within the @entity1346 tubes. METHODS: In 24 adults white @entity95 . A bilateral 8 mm @entity129 gaps were created, and the proximal and distal stumps were inserted into a 12 mm @entity1346 tube. The @entity1346 tube of the right side was filled with exogenous @entity27602 (experimental group) and the contralateral side was filled with saline (control group). Regeneration of the nerves was assessed by histological exam and nerve electrophysiological appreciation. Total number of the regenerating myelinated nerve fibers, the conduction velocities of nerves the thickness of myelin sheaths and the cross section area of myelinated nerve fibers between the experimental and the control groups were compared. RESULTS: The results showed that: 1. The experimental groups demonstrated more myelinated nerve fibers than that of the controls in 12 and 18 weeks. 2. At the same time following surgery, the myelin sheath thickness and the cross section area of myelinated nerves in the experimental groups were significantly greater than that in the controls. 3. In 12 and 18 weeks, the conduction velocities of regenerating nerves in the experimental groups were faster than that of the controls. CONCLUSION: This study suggested that exogenous @entity27602 can enhance regeneration of @entity129 with necovery of its sensory function.

title: [The influence of nerve growth factor on XXXX regeneration in the @entity1346 tubes].

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['inferior alveolar nerve']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

answer: @entity129 :: (MESH:D003389,Disease) :: ['inferior alveolar nerves']


abstract: Among 54 @entity1 with @entity4019 a @entity1897 was demonstrated in 23 @entity1 (42.6%). Five @entity1 had a secondary form while the majority (18) had @entity14033 . The immunoglobulin components were polyclonal in 5 cases, only present in trace amounts in 5 and of type II in 13 @entity1 . Fifteen @entity1 had symptoms of @entity305 , but in 18 cases the symptomatology had symmetrical features and in two cases asymmetrical characteristics. In 8 @entity1 a mono- @entity305 was observed. The most significant electrophysiological finding was the decreased amplitude of the sensory action potential of the sural nerve, which we observed in 95% of the instances, whereas a decreased sensory conduction velocity was seen in 8/23 cases only. A biopsy of the sural nerve, performed in eleven cases, always showed abnormal epi- and endoneurial vessels. @entity1333 was found in 4 cases and fibrous thickening of the vessel wall in two cases. Endothelial swelling of the endoneurial vessels was observed in 7 @entity1 and luminal obliteration in 3 samples. @entity528 demonstrated in 7 of the 11 processed sample tissues was the main pathological finding. Signs of de/remyelination were associated in 3 cases, and were the dominant lesions in a single specimen. The simultaneous biopsy of the peroneus brevis muscle showed signs of denervation in all samples, @entity1333 in 7 cases and deposits of filaments plus annular bodies of the vessel wall in 2 samples. All these data support the hypothesis that @entity16 may be the final common pathway of the majority of @entity1897 in @entity4019 @entity1 .

title: [ XXXX with @entity4019 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4019 :: ('MESH:C565141', 'Disease') :: ['mixed cryoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['Epineurial vessel vasculitis', 'vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity14033 :: ('MESH:D003449', 'Disease') :: ['essential cryoglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['ischaemic damage']

entities_list: @entity305 :: ('MESH:D011115', 'Disease') :: ['polyneuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral neuropathies', 'peripheral neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['Axonal degeneration']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['Peripheral neuropathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It is critical to develop a non-invasive and accurate method for differentiating between malignant and benign solitary pulmonary nodules. In large sample studies, the effectiveness of the diagnostic prediction model as a tool of assessment of the probability of @entity5 is still unclear. The establishment of a diagnostic model based on large samples is needed. METHODS: In this study, 3358 @entity1 diagnosed with a @entity5474 between January 2005 and March 2013, were enrolled. All @entity1 received surgery for pulmonary nodule resection. Clinical characters, preoperative biomarker results, and computed tomography scan findings were collected. All @entity1 were randomly separated into a training set (n = 1679) and a test set (n = 1679); we used training sets to build a diagnostic model for the @entity5 probability of pulmonary nodules, and applied the test set to validate our model, as well as other published diagnostic models. RESULT: Logistic regression analysis identified 11 clinical characteristics as independent predictors of @entity5 in @entity1 with a @entity5474 . The goodness-of-fit statistic for the model indicated that the observed proportion of @entity5 did not differ from the predicted proportion (P = 0.571). The area under the curves of the receiver operator characteristic curve for our model in the training set was 0.935. CONCLUSION: As the accuracy of the model was high, we suggest that the diagnostic model can be used as a tool to help guiding clinical decisions, when the clinician cannot make a definitive diagnosis of a @entity5474 .

title: Development and validation of clinical diagnostic models for the probability of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity5474 :: ('MESH:D003074', 'Disease') :: ['solitary pulmonary nodule']

answer: @entity5474 :: (MESH:D003074,Disease) :: ['malignancy in solitary pulmonary nodules']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The utility of prophylactic splenectomy in @entity1 with proximal third @entity356 is controversial. In this study, we investigated the significance of nodal involvement in the splenic hilum and the impact of splenectomy. METHODOLOGY: A total of 129 @entity1 who underwent D2 radical resection with splenectomy for @entity356 involving the upper portion of the stomach were analyzed. RESULTS: Lymph node @entity3 at the splenic hilum was found in 21 (16.3%) of 129 cases. Multivariate analysis revealed that the number of metastatic lymph nodes was an independent risk factor for lymph node @entity3 at the splenic hilum. The 5-year survival rate for @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 at the splenic hilum was 17.9%. There were significant differences in survival among @entity1 grouped according to the extent of extraperigastric nodal involvement. While nodal involvement in the splenic hilum was found to be an independent prognostic factor, the number of metastatic lymph nodes was not. CONCLUSIONS: The prognosis of @entity1 with lymph node @entity3 at the splenic hilum was significantly poorer compared to that for @entity1 with @entity3 in the other extraperigastric nodes. Furthermore, prophylactic splenectomy appears not to improve survival of @entity1 with proximal third @entity356 .

title: Prognostic significance of splenic hilar nodal involvement in proximal third XXXX .

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the correlations between severity of @entity221 scoring systems and biochemical markers of physiologic stress. SETTING: Tertiary care pediatric ICU in a university hospital. DESIGN: A prospective, clinical study. @entity1 : Twelve @entity1 aged 2 to 120 months (four @entity1 aged less than 12 months) with varying diagnoses including @entity295 , cardiovascular surgery, @entity1576 . INTERVENTIONS: @entity26 consumption (VO2), daily total urinary @entity1568 , and the branch chain to @entity9750 ratio were correlated with the Physiologic Stability Index, Pediatric Risk of Mortality score, and Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System. Linear regression analysis and multivariate stepwise regression analysis were used to analyze the data. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Pediatric Risk of Mortality score and Physiologic Stability Index correlated with VO2 (r2 = .69, p less than .001 and r2 = .52, p less than .01, respectively) and with daily total urinary @entity1568 excretion (r2 = .66, p less than .001 and r2 = .62, p less than .01, respectively). The Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System correlated with the total urinary @entity1568 excretion (r2 = .69, p less than .001) and branch chain to @entity9750 ratio (r2 = .49, p less than .01). Correlations existed between Pediatric Risk of Mortality score and Physiologic Stability Index (r2 = .88, p less than .001) and Pediatric Risk of Mortality score and Therapeutic Intervention Scoring System (r2 = .48, p less than .01). CONCLUSIONS: The correlations were independent of diagnostic category, suggesting that the alterations in biochemical variables were most directly related to the overall severity of @entity221 as measured by the scoring system.

title: Severity of XXXX correlates with alterations in energy metabolism in the pediatric intensive care unit.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['Oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity9750 :: ('CHEBI:33856', 'Chemical') :: ['aromatic amino acid']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['illness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Type 2 @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) is the most common cause of @entity454 , and the prevention of its progression has been a topic of discussion. METHODS: Sixty type 2 @entity2316 @entity1 were retrospectively evaluated for 1  year. Factors independently affecting the annual Ccr decline were examined by multivariable linear regression analysis. @entity1 were further divided into 2 groups based on their degree of renal function, and between-group differences at study initiation were evaluated. RESULTS: Ccr values were 21.0      11.8  mL/ @entity1009 .73  m(2) at study initiation, and 15.7      10.9  mL/ @entity1009 .73  m(2) after 1  year of observation. The multivariable linear regression analysis indicated salt intake (standardized coefficient: -0.34, P  =  0.010) and urinary protein excretion (standardized coefficient: -0.33, P  =  0.011) to be factors independently affecting the annual Ccr decline. Although decliners (-9.8      4.7  mL/ @entity1009 .73  m(2)/year) had a significantly higher salt intake than non-decliners (-1.1      3.8  mL/ @entity1009 .73  m(2)/year) at study initiation, this difference disappeared at the end of the study as a result of intensive dietary education. In 21 decliners with an additional year of follow-up, the annual Ccr decline significantly improved from -10.1      5.3 to -5.3      7.4  mL/ @entity1009 .73  m(2)/year (P  =  0.02). CONCLUSION: Salt intake and urinary protein excretion were associated with annual Ccr decline in type 2 @entity2316 @entity1 . Furthermore, dietary education covering salt intake may have positively affected the change in Ccr.

title: Factors affecting the progression of renal dysfunction and the importance of salt restriction in @entity1 with type 2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['DKD', 'diabetic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal failure']

answer: @entity2316 :: (MESH:D003928,Disease) :: ['diabetic kidney disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Tau-mediated @entity179 in @entity195 and @entity13859 is generally assumed to start in a normally developed brain. However, several lines of evidence suggest that impaired Tau isoform expression during development could affect mitosis and ploidy in post-mitotic differentiated tissue. Interestingly, the relative expression levels of Tau isoforms containing either 3 (3R-Tau) or 4 repeats (4R-Tau) play an important role both during brain development and @entity179 . Here, we used genetic and cellular tools to study the link between 3R and 4R-Tau isoform expression, mitotic progression in neuronal progenitors and post-mitotic neuronal survival. Our results illustrated that the severity of Tau-induced adult phenotypes depends on 4R-Tau isoform expression during development. As recently described, we observed a mitotic delay in 4R-Tau expressing cells of larval eye discs and brains. Live imaging revealed that the spindle undergoes a cycle of collapse and recovery before proceeding to anaphase. Furthermore, we found a high level of aneuploidy in post-mitotic differentiated tissue. Finally, we showed that overexpression of wild type and mutant 4R-Tau isoform in @entity521 SH-SY5Y cell lines is sufficient to induce monopolar spindles. Taken together, our results suggested that @entity179 could be in part linked to @entity528 caused by 4R-Tau expression during brain development.

title: Developmental Expression of 4-Repeat-Tau Induces XXXX in @entity13859 Models.

entities_list: @entity13859 :: ('MESH:D024801', 'Disease') :: ['tauopathies']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal aneuploidy']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['Neuronal Aneuploidy']


abstract: In response to discrete environmental cues, @entity375 cells adjust patterns of gene expression and protein activity to optimize metabolism. Nutrient-sensing systems situated in the plasma membrane (PM) of @entity375 have only recently been discovered. @entity53823 is one of three identified components of the @entity53823 (SPS) sensor of extracellular @entity1522 . SPS sensor-initiated signals are known to modulate the expression of a number of @entity535 and peptide transporter genes (i.e. @entity57665 , @entity57666 , @entity57667 , @entity57668 , @entity57669 , @entity57670 , @entity57671 , @entity53241 and @entity57672 ) and arginase ( @entity51572 ). To obtain a better understanding of how cells adjust metabolism in response to extracellular @entity1522 in the environment and to assess the consequences of loss of @entity535 sensor function, we investigated the effects of @entity368 addition to wild-type and @entity53823 null mutant cells using genome-wide transcription profile analysis. Our results indicate that the previously identified genes represent only a subset of the full spectrum of @entity53823 -dependent genes. The expression of several genes encoding enzymes in @entity535 biosynthetic pathways, including the branched-chain, @entity376 and @entity369 , and the sulphur @entity535 biosynthetic pathways, are modulated by @entity53823 . Additionally, the proper transcription of several @entity1568 -regulated genes, including @entity23263 and @entity23265 , encoding well-studied GATA transcription factors, is dependent upon @entity53823 . Finally, several genes were identified that require @entity53823 for wild-type expression independently of @entity535 addition. These findings demonstrate that @entity375 cells require the SPS @entity535 sensor component, @entity53823 , to adjust diverse cellular metabolic processes properly.

title: The role of the @entity375 plasma membrane SPS nutrient sensor in the metabolic response to extracellular XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity376 :: ('CHEBI:25094', 'Chemical') :: ['lysine']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae', 'yeast']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity1522 :: (CHEBI:33709,Chemical) :: ['amino acids']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the results of a staged surgical approach for @entity215 with @entity1146 , @entity2150 or absent pulmonary arteries, and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed a consecutive series of these @entity1 from a single institution. RESULTS: From July 1993 to April 2001, 46 consecutive @entity1 with @entity215 , @entity1146 , and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries were treated with staged surgical repair. The operative sequence usually began with a central aortopulmonary shunt followed by unifocalization of aortopulmonary collateral arteries depending on the source and distribution of pulmonary blood flow. Twenty-eight @entity1 (61%) subsequently underwent complete repair with @entity1757 closure and right ventricle to pulmonary artery connection. Those @entity1 who underwent complete repair had a median of 3 total operations (range 1-6). The ratio of the mean pulmonary artery pressure to the mean systemic blood pressure at the time of complete repair was 0.36 (range 0.19-0.58). Two of the 28 repaired @entity1 (7.1%) required subsequent fenestration of the @entity1757 closure due to later development of supersystemic right ventricular pressure and @entity67 . Eighteen @entity1 (39%) have undergone 1 or more staging operations and are considered good candidates for eventual complete repair. There were no hospital deaths. There was 1 late death (2.2%; 95% CI 0.4-11.3%) in a @entity1 born prematurely who developed @entity2107 precluding complete repair. CONCLUSIONS: For @entity215 with @entity1146 and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries, a staged surgical approach yields low overall mortality and acceptable hemodynamics after complete repair.

title: Staged repair of @entity215 with XXXX and major aortopulmonary collateral arteries.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity215 :: ('MESH:D013771', 'Disease') :: ['tetralogy of Fallot']

entities_list: @entity2150 :: ('MESH:D000741', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity2107 :: ('MESH:D001997', 'Disease') :: ['severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1146 :: ('MESH:D018633', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary atresia']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular failure']

answer: @entity1146 :: (MESH:D018633,Disease) :: ['pulmonary atresia']


abstract: This systematic review aimed to synthesize evidence on the effectiveness of @entity1606 ( @entity1606 ) that are delivered towards the end of care for looked-after young @entity1 (LAYP) on their adult outcomes, including education, employment, substance misuse, criminal and offending behaviour, parenthood, housing and homelessness and health. Searches of health, social science and social care bibliographic databases were conducted and records were screened for relevance. Citation and reference list searches were conducted on included studies. Relevant studies were synthesized and critically appraised. Seven studies were identified (five retrospective and two prospective cohort studies), six of which were conducted in the USA and one in the UK. Overall, LAYP who received @entity1606 were more likely to complete compulsory education with formal qualifications, be in current employment, be living independently and less likely to be young parents. There was no reported effect of the impact of @entity1606 on crime or mental health, and mixed findings for homelessness. The range of TSS components investigated and reported varied considerably within and between studies, with limited evidence of long-term outcomes. The literature reviewed offers no reliable conclusions on the effectiveness of @entity1606 at this time due to variations in research quality and because few formal evaluations of existing @entity1606 have been conducted, resulting in mixed evidence in terms of positive, negative and neutral impact on outcomes. Further high-quality, robust research to evaluate the effectiveness of @entity1606 on adult outcomes for young @entity1 in the short, medium and longer term is needed to address the health inequalities experienced by this small but vulnerable group and to inform decision making about service provision.

title: Supporting the transition of looked-after young XXXX to independent living: a systematic review of interventions and adult outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1606 :: ('MESH:D002295', 'Disease') :: ['TSSs', 'transition support services']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['people']


abstract: @entity1112 (XHIGM) is a rare genetic primary @entity1200 caused by mutations of the @entity11603 ( @entity11603 ) gene with normal or elevated levels of IgM and markedly decreased serum IgG, IgA, and IgE. @entity409 may occur as a clinical manifestation in XHIGM. This complication appears to increase with age. We report an 18-year-old male @entity1 who had recurrent episodes of @entity7140 ( @entity7140 ) and @entity991 ( @entity991 ). The diagnosis of XHIGM was confirmed by the finding of @entity11603 expression < 1% of normal and a @entity669 169 asparaginase (t526a) mutation in exon 5 (the @entity5 necrosis factor domain) of the @entity11603 gene. The @entity1 had direct @entity3638 (direct @entity648 5.5 mg/dL, total @entity648 8.7 mg/dL), @entity1448 (alkaline phosphatase 1133 U/L, gamma-glutamyl transferase 1019 U/L) and elevated transaminases ( @entity492 aminotransferase 70 U/L, @entity493 aminotransferase 101 U/L). Findings on abdominal ultrasound and abdominal computed tomography were compatible with @entity7140 . After the fourth episode of @entity2679 , cholecystectomy and liver biopsy were performed. Operative cholangiography revealed poor opacification of the hepatic duct and proximal common bile duct; the upstream intrahepatic bile ducts were not visualized. The biopsy specimen showed marked @entity82 of the portal areas. Enterococcus species was cultured from the bile. @entity1 or adolescents with recurrent @entity7140 and @entity991 should be evaluated for an underlying @entity465 such as XHIGM.

title: Recurrent @entity7140 and @entity991 in a @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked hyper-immunoglobulin M (IgM) syndrome']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver disease']

entities_list: @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosing cholangitis', 'SC']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency disease']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity7140 :: ('MESH:D042101', 'Disease') :: ['acalculous cholecystitis', 'AC']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency syndrome']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity3638 :: ('MESH:D006932', 'Disease') :: ['hyperbilirubinemia']

answer: @entity1112 :: (MESH:D040181,Disease) :: ['X-linked hyper-immunoglobulin M syndrome']


abstract: PURPOSE: Accumulating evidence implicates drug-transporter proteins @entity1262 and @entity11092 in resistance to multiple @entity734 ( @entity734 ) in @entity302 . These proteins are upregulated in surgically resected @entity1 brain tissue containing epileptogenic pathologies, including @entity6795 . In surgically resected cases, no upregulation is seen in normal adjacent tissue, suggesting that neither @entity410 nor prolonged exposure to @entity734 need induce @entity1262 or @entity11092 expression. We wished to determine if @entity159 might cause upregulation of these proteins. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was performed for @entity1262 and @entity11092 in postmortem @entity1 brain tissue from a @entity1 who died in @entity159 and was found to have unihemispheric @entity6795 . RESULTS: There was upregulation of both proteins, as expected, in the hemisphere containing @entity1141 . There also was widespread upregulation of both proteins in glia from the normal hemisphere. Previous work shows that drug treatment does not cause such upregulation. CONCLUSIONS: Upregulation of these proteins in histologically normal brain tissue is most likely the result of @entity410 in status, as seen in animal models. The findings provide a possible explanation for the appearance of AED resistance in prolonged status and emphasise the importance of prompt treatment of @entity159 .

title: Widespread upregulation of drug-resistance proteins in fatal XXXX @entity159 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['cortical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['AEDs', 'antiepileptic drugs']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: SETTING: Retrospective analysis and retrospective follow-up. INTRODUCTION: @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ) @entity1 have today a nearly normal lifespan. Avoidance of medical complications is key to this end. The aim of the study was to analyse health in individuals surviving 25 years or more after traumatic @entity1566 in Stockholm and Florence, and compare medical complications. METHODS: Data from the databases of the Spinal Unit of Florence and from the Spinalis, Stockholm were analysed. @entity1 included were C2-L 2, American Spinal Cord Association (ASIA) Impairment Scale (AIS) A-C, and >= 25 years post traumatic @entity1566 . @entity1 underwent a thorough neurological and general examination, and were interviewed about medical events during those years. Analysed data include: gender, age at injury, current age, neurological level, AIS, cause of injury, presence of @entity9 ( @entity9 ), and @entity508 and medical complications. RESULTS: A total of 66 Italian @entity1 and 74 Swedish @entity1 were included. The only statistical difference between the groups was cause of injury due to falls was higher in the Florence group (P<0.01). Male/female ratio was 4:1. Traffic accidents were the most common cause of injury. In all, 60% were paraplegics. Pressure ulcers (PU) occurred in nearly 60% and 32% experienced @entity9 . @entity1576 ( @entity1576 ) occurred in 25% among tetraplegics. @entity16 occurred in 14%. CONCLUSION: PU, bony @entity174 , @entity508 and @entity9 are important problems after @entity1566 . @entity1576 are of clinical importance in the tetraplegics. Complications occur during all periods after injury. Many @entity1 are otherwise healthy 25 years or more after @entity1566 .

title: 25 years or more after XXXX : clinical conditions of individuals in the Florence and Stockholm areas.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['Respiratory complications', 'RC']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity9 :: ('MESH:D009437', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic pain', 'NP']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: RATIONALE: Studies support differential roles of @entity935 receptor subfamilies in the rewarding and reinforcing properties of drugs of abuse, including @entity1068 . However, the roles these receptor subfamilies play in @entity1068 reward are not fully delineated. OBJECTIVE: To examine the roles of @entity935 receptor subfamilies in the acquisition of @entity1068 -induced conditioned place preference (CPP), we pretreated animals systemically with antagonist drugs selective for @entity935 D1-like ( @entity10095 ) and D2-like ( @entity11641 ) receptors prior to @entity1068 conditioning trials. METHODS: Effects of @entity11641 (0-1.2  mg/kg) and @entity10095 (0-0.3  mg/kg) on the acquisition of @entity1068 -induced CPP were examined in DBA/2J @entity19 (experiments 1 and 2). Based on significant effects of @entity10095 , we then determined if @entity10095 (0.3  mg/kg) produced a place preference on its own (experiment 3). To evaluate whether @entity10095 impaired learning, we used a conditioned place aversion (CPA) paradigm and pretreated animals with @entity10095 (0-0.3  mg/kg) before conditioning sessions with @entity4113 (experiment 4). RESULTS: Whereas @entity11641 (0-1.2  mg/kg) did not affect acquisition, @entity10095 (0.1-0.3  mg/kg) impaired the development of @entity1068 -induced CPP. @entity10095 (0.3  mg/kg) did not produce place preference when tested alone and @entity10095 (0.1-0.3  mg/kg) did not perturb the acquisition of @entity4113 -induced CPA. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support a role for @entity935 D1-like but not D2-like receptors in @entity1068 's unconditioned rewarding effect as indexed by CPP. Blockade of D1-like receptors did not affect aversive learning in this procedure.

title: Effects of @entity935 receptor antagonists on the acquisition of @entity1068 -induced conditioned place preference in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity11641 :: ('MESH:D020891', 'Chemical') :: ['raclopride']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']