abstract: @entity1751 ( @entity1751 ) and @entity2869 are chronic, inflammatory skin conditions involving apocrine gland-bearing skin. Treatment is limited and unsatisfactory. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been reported to be safe and effective in the treatment of several off-label skin conditions. We report the case of a 29-year-old @entity1 affected by @entity1751 and @entity2869 since the age of 21. In the past, the @entity1 was treated with antibiotics, @entity288 and @entity4878 , without significant clinical improvement. Treatment with @entity19297 ( @entity7671 )-PDT was started. A topical MAL cream (Metvix) was applied to the affected areas with an occlusive dressing for 3 h and irradiated with a red light source. Therapy was repeated every 15 days for a total of nine applications. The @entity1 completed a 6-month follow-up and achieved an almost complete clinical remission of the @entity272 (80%) and complete resolution of the itching and discomfort. This is the first case of @entity1751 associated with @entity2869 treated with MAL-PDT. MAL-PDT was effective and well tolerated in our @entity1 . The costs of this therapy represent an important limitation, taking into account the high number of sessions that were performed compared with @entity1489 .

title: @entity19297 photodynamic therapy for the treatment of hidradenitis suppurativa and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1751 :: ('MESH:D017497', 'Disease') :: ['HS', 'Hidradenitis suppurativa']

entities_list: @entity4878 :: ('MESH:D012176', 'Chemical') :: ['retinoids']

entities_list: @entity19297 :: ('MESH:C475457', 'Chemical') :: ['methyl aminolaevulinate']

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['non-melanoma skin cancers']

entities_list: @entity2869 :: ('MESH:D010864', 'Disease') :: ['pilonidal cysts']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity2869 :: (MESH:D010864,Disease) :: ['pilonidal cysts']


abstract: A localised outbreak of @entity8573 occurred in January 1976 in the southern suburbs of Paris. A total fo 125 cases was recorded including 30 @entity1 . The prominent symptoms were @entity4 of the face or eyelids, fever, and @entity925 ; @entity294 was unusual and constipation common. An increased blood eosinophil count and raised serum concentrations of muscular enzymes strongly indicated @entity8573 . This diagnosis was confirmed later immunologically. The parasite was found in only three out of 32 muscle biopsy specimens but this investigation was made relatively early in the disease. No @entity204 occurred. In all cases clinical recovery was fast and serum antibody titres were maximum during the first month and decreased slowly. The disease was milder and the recovery faster in @entity1 than adults. Epidemiological study suggested that @entity1641 meat was responsible for the @entity281 , though no meat could be examined.

title: Outbreak of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity8573 :: ('MESH:D014235', 'Disease') :: ['trichinosis']

answer: @entity8573 :: (MESH:D014235,Disease) :: ['trichinosis near Paris']


abstract: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotype alleles within the prion gene ( @entity30935 ) coding sequence of @entity742 ( @entity742 ) are associated with genetic predisposition to scrapie, a transmissible spongiform @entity75 disease of @entity742 . This report describes regions of linkage disequilibrium (LD) throughout the @entity30935 gene region in U.S. @entity742 and provides a genetic framework for identifying additional @entity30935 determinants associated with scrapie resistance. Four sequence tagged sites (i.e., @entity32497 or amplicons) totaling 3869 bp and spanning 20 kbp of genomic @entity30935 sequence were sequenced in a diverse panel of 90 sires representing ten popular U.S. breeds of @entity742 . Analysis of these sequences identified 36 previously unreported polymorphisms. In combination with two previously characterized @entity32497 , 62 polymorphisms were analyzed in a 20-kbp @entity30935 region in this panel of U.S. @entity742 . Two regions of strong LD and ten common haplotypes were identified. The haplotype encoding @entity535 residues A, R, and Q at codons 136, 154, and 171, respectively, was observed on nine larger haplotypes spanning @entity30935 from the promoter region to the 3' untranslated region. The haplotype encoding VRQ was observed on two larger haplotypes, whereas ARR, @entity32498 , and AHQ were each present on a single haplotype. The existence of multiple haplotypes encoding ARQ raises the question of whether @entity742 bearing these different haplotypes are equally susceptible to scrapie. The haplotype structure within the 20-kbp region of @entity30935 identified in this study is important for higher-resolution analysis of genetics contributions to scrapie susceptibility.

title: Linkage disequilibrium across six prion gene regions spanning 20 kbp in U.S. XXXX .

entities_list: @entity742 :: ('9940', 'Species') :: ['sheep', 'Ovis aries', 'domestic sheep']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity742 :: (9940,Species) :: ['sheep']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: This report describes a technique of @entity99 in @entity2876 @entity1 . In conventional HPE, the medial posterior row of the @entity254 is placed behind the main portal vein. But around both lateral corners where the portal branches enter the liver parenchyma, the @entity254 is placed across and outside of the portal veins. Resultantly, the proximal part of the portal veins become included in @entity254 attaching directly to the dissected area where bile ducts are copious. In a devised procedure designated as invaginating @entity254 (IA), an anastomotic line was placed to invaginate the medial branch of the right portal vein and also placed behind the veins even at their roots. This technique puts all portal branches outside of the @entity254 , preventing cicatricial adhesion at the dissected area with the posterior wall of the veins. METHODS: The effect of IA was evaluated in terms of resolution of @entity1087 and long-term outcome compared with @entity7617 ( @entity7617 ). Group IA consisted of 20 @entity1 and group @entity7617 of 18 @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1 in whom @entity1087 resolved included 19 (95%) in group IA and 11 (61%) in group @entity7617 (P < .05). Reoperation was needed in only one @entity1 in group IA, and in six in @entity7617 (P < .05). In @entity1 with reoperation in group @entity7617 , the portahepatis was found to be contracted with dense cicatricial tissues. The survival rates for @entity1 with a native liver, calculated excluding those in whom the cause of @entity204 was not liver deterioration, was 87% for IA compared with 41% for @entity7617 (P < .05). Averaged @entity2876 prognostic index at the last follow-up evaluation was 20.2+/-24.5 for group IA and 62.6+/-29.8 for group @entity7617 (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The invaginating @entity254 in portoenterostomy promised a sustained bile drainage and improved long-term outcome by preventing cicatricial contraction of the portahepatis.

title: Effects of invaginating @entity254 in @entity99 , and long-term outcome for XXXX with @entity2876 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity7617 :: ('MESH:C563514', 'Disease') :: ['conventional anastomosis', 'CA']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic portoenterostomy (HPE) to keep sustained bile drainage']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The increasing use of nanomaterials in healthcare and industrial products heightens the possibility of their ingestion by @entity1 , other mammals, and fish. While @entity137 of many nanomaterials has recently been studied, reports of non-lethal effects of nanomaterials remain ill-defined. This study investigates possible pathways by which nanoparticles, @entity6701 ( @entity3759 ), could cross the epithelium layer by employing both @entity137 and mechanistic studies. This study provides evidence that at 10 microg/mL and above, @entity3759 nanoparticles cross the epithelial lining of the intestinal model by transcytosis, albeit at low levels. @entity3759 was able to penetrate into and through the cells without disrupting junctional complexes, as measured by gamma-catenin. To monitor the epithelial integrity, transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) was employed and determined low concentrations (10 or 100 microg/mL) of @entity3759 do not disrupt epithelial integrity. Live/dead analysis results did not show cell death after exposure to @entity3759 . In addition, at 10 microg/mL (and above) @entity3759 nanoparticles begin alteration of both microvillar organization on the apical surface of the epithelium as well as induce a rise in intracellular-free @entity460 . The latter is a mechanism cells use to respond to extracellular stimuli and may be linked to the alteration of the apical microvilli. Although @entity3759 does not show cell death, the implication of other, non-lethal, effects could lead to undesired outcomes (i.e., disease, @entity3147 , shortened life span, etc.).

title: @entity137 and cellular responses of intestinal cells exposed to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

answer: @entity6701 :: (MESH:C009495,Chemical) :: ['titanium dioxide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6289 endermologie is a worldwide FDA-approved massage system used in the treatment of cellulite. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to evaluate safety, efficacy, and the slimming potential of @entity6289 endermologie. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 118 @entity1 (mean age, 34.59    8.02 years) were enrolled in this study. The @entity6289 treatment sessions were performed twice weekly and continued for at least 15 sessions. The outcome was clinically evaluated using digital photography for cellulite grade assessment while perimetric measurements for eight body sites were performed. The evaluation also included measurements of body weight and body fat percentage (BFP). RESULTS: One hundred and seventeen @entity1 (99%) showed loss in body circumference measurements. A mean body circumference reduction of 2.9    1.6 cm was obtained per site for all @entity1 . There was a mean body circumference loss which was statically significant with p < 0.001. Weight loss was detected in one hundred and three @entity1 (87%). The mean body weight loss was 2.717    1.938 kg for all @entity1 . One hundred and ten subjects (93%) also showed decreases in BFP. The questionnaire indicated high satisfaction in 81 (69%) @entity1 . CONCLUSION: @entity6289 endermologie is a well-tolerated and effective alternative treatment modality for slimming and body contouring.

title: An alternative treatment modality for cellulite: XXXX endermologie.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

answer: @entity6289 :: (MESH:C567089,Disease) :: ['LPG']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The role of N-acetyltransferase gene ( @entity6867 ) polymorphism in the aetiology of @entity195 ( @entity195 ) and @entity191 ( @entity191 ) is an interesting issue; it is suggested that the slow acetylator genotype favours the damage of central nervous system cells by environmental toxins. The aims of the study were: 1) to determine the genotype of @entity6867 in @entity1 with @entity191 with @entity303 and in @entity1 with sporadic @entity195 ; 2) to evaluate the relationship between the genotype of @entity6867 and the age at the onset of the disease, the extent of @entity303 , and the dose and side effects of L-dopa (in @entity191 @entity1 only); 3) to evaluate the predispositions to @entity191 and @entity195 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Fifty two @entity191 @entity1 with @entity303 aged 51-82 years (mean: 70.35) and 53 @entity195 @entity1 aged 58-84 years (mean: 72.58) were recruited. The control group consisted of 90 healthy subjects aged 65-86 years (mean: 72.11). Four standardized instruments for evaluation of @entity303 in @entity191 @entity1 were used. Clinical scales for @entity191 evaluation were used. Each @entity195 @entity1 satisfied the National Institute of @entity16 and @entity64 / @entity195 and @entity74 Association criteria for probable @entity195 . Methods of molecular biology were used for genetic studies. RESULTS: The @entity6867 *5/ @entity6867 *5 genotype was more frequent in @entity191 @entity1 with @entity303 ; the @entity6867 *4/ @entity6867 *5 genotype was more frequent and the @entity6867 *4/ @entity6867 *6 genotype was less frequent in @entity195 @entity1 . No relationship was found between genotypes and @entity6867 alleles and the age at onset, severity of @entity303 or with the dose and side effects of L-dopa (in @entity191 @entity1 ). CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of @entity6867 polymorphism does not seem to be useful in predicting the risk of @entity191 with @entity303 or @entity195 .

title: The role of @entity6867 gene polymorphism in aetiology of the most frequent neurodegenerative diseases with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neurological and Communicative Disorders']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'sporadic PD', 'PD']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['Related Disorders']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease", "Alzheimer's Disease"]

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: Differential display PCR analysis (DD-PCR) was used to identify novel genes that respond to @entity442 treatment in @entity1 MCF-7 @entity0 cells. Fifty-three cDNAs showed alterations in their mRNA levels in @entity442 treated cells. One of these genes showed a significant increase in the mRNA level in @entity442 treated cells in comparison to non-treated cells. We named this gene HIRF1 ( @entity1 @entity442 regulated factor 1). Nucleotide blast analysis revealed that this gene has a 100% sequence identity with the sequence for @entity23636 (B-cell translocation gene) binding factor 1 ( @entity1 @entity9783 gene, @entity329 ). By alignment of cloned HIRF1 cDNA and genomic DNA 8p21.3- @entity9822 sequence, we were able to determine the exon-intron structure of the cloned HIRF1 gene on chromosome 8. Northern blot and real-time PCR analysis showed that @entity23636 and @entity1639 reached their maximal expression fairly early within 10 min to 1 h, and decreased to basal levels after 3 h of @entity442 treatment. HIRF1/ @entity329 expression reached maximal stimulation after 3 h of @entity442 treatment and then gradually decreased to basal level. HIRF1 and @entity23636 mRNA was inhibited by inhibitors of the cell signaling pathways, @entity13959 /Akt kinase and MAPK kinases ( @entity1366 and @entity3963 ). In summary, cloned HIRF1/ @entity329 is coregulated with @entity23636 in response to @entity442 . The regulation of these genes as early response genes may have an important role in differentiation, growth and proliferation of @entity0 cells.

title: Insulin-like growth factor I differentially regulates the expression of HIRF1/ XXXX and @entity23636 genes in @entity1 MCF-7 @entity0 cells.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity9783 :: ('29883', 'Gene') :: ['CCR4-associated factor 1']

answer: @entity329 :: (10036,Gene) :: ['hCAF1']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: High levels of inflammatory markers shortly after an @entity385 are associated with a worse prognosis. Whether inflammatory markers predict long-term mortality in @entity64 -survivors is less clear. We examined whether a persisting inflammatory response (levels of inflammatory markers  >1  year after the @entity64 event) was associated with long-term mortality. METHODS: We recruited @entity1 from the Troms   Study, Norway, in a nested case-control design. At baseline in 1997, white blood cell count (WBC), serum levels of @entity2002 , @entity650 ( @entity650 ) and high sensitive @entity1851 (hs-CRP) were analysed in 187 @entity64 -survivors, a median of 7.0  years (range 1-43) after the first-ever @entity385 , and in 243 @entity64 -free subjects. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to examine whether inflammatory markers predicted all-cause mortality in both groups from 1997 to 2013. RESULTS: During an average of 16  years follow-up, 117 (62.5  %) @entity64 -survivors and 107 (44.0  %) @entity64 -free subjects deceased (p for differences 0.005). In @entity64 -survivors, @entity2002 and log @entity650 predicted all-cause mortality after adjustment for age, sex, BMI, smoking, Frenchay activity index, comorbidity and use of statins (HRs 1.26; 9  5  % CI 1.05-1.51 and 2.02; 95  % CI 1.12-3.64, respectively). In @entity64 -free subjects log hs-CRP predicted all-cause mortality after additionally accounting for levels of @entity165 , blood pressure and use of blood pressure lowering drugs (HR 1.95; 95  % CI 1.26-2.99). CONCLUSIONS: @entity2002 and @entity650 were independent predictors of mortality in long-term @entity64 -survivors, whereas elevated hs-CRP predicted mortality in @entity64 -free subjects. Mortality risk prediction in @entity64 -survivors differed from that of @entity64 -free subjects.

title: Elevated inflammatory markers predict mortality in long-term XXXX : a population-based prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity2002 :: ('2244', 'Gene') :: ['Fibrinogen', 'fibrinogen']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke-survivors']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Residual @entity1757 and @entity67 are surgical drawbacks of "Swiss cheese" defects. We developed a technique that uses a single patch with intermediate fixings to cover the right side of the septum without producing a septal bulging, through a right atriotomy. METHODS: Since April 1993, 5 @entity1 with "Swiss cheese" defects have been operated on using this procedure (mean age, 17 +/- 12 months). Three @entity1 had associated lesions including tetralogy of Fallot, Taussig Bing heart, and @entity4794 . RESULTS: There have been no early or late deaths. The mean follow-up time is 29 +/- 18 months. All @entity1 are asymptomatic. Echocardiography revealed either an intact septum (n = 4) or insignificant color jets at the apical portion of the septum (n = 1). The septal wall motion was preserved in 4 @entity1 and was @entity5048 in the fifth @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: This technique can be an additional tool to provide a secure closure of "Swiss cheese" defects even in the presence of associated @entity299 . Long-term consequences of this procedure on septal wall motion remain to be determined.

title: "Swiss cheese" XXXX : surgical closure using a single patch with intermediate fixings.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'child']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular septal defects']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac lesions']

entities_list: @entity5048 :: ('MESH:C536231', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular and septal dysfunctions']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['septal defects']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity0 remains the second leading cause of @entity5 -related @entity204 for @entity1 in the United States. @entity3 is regulated not only by intrinsic genetic changes in malignant cells, but also by the microenvironment, especially those associated with @entity32 . We recently reported that @entity19 with @entity625 have significantly increased incidence of @entity79 and decreased survival associated with @entity0 . In this study, we evaluated the mechanism underlying the increased @entity3 . METHODS: We used two @entity19 models; one that develops spontaneous @entity625 (SKG @entity19 ) injected with metastatic @entity0 cells (4T1), and another that develops spontaneous @entity0 ( @entity6584 -PyV MT @entity19 ) injected with type II collagen to induce @entity625 . Mast cell levels and @entity3 were monitored. RESULTS: First, we confirmed that @entity0 -bearing arthritic @entity19 have a significantly higher incidence of @entity79 than do their nonarthritic counterparts. Next, we showed increased recruitment of mast cells within the @entity5 of arthritic @entity19 , which facilitates @entity3 . Next, we report that arthritic @entity19 without any @entity5 have higher numbers of mast cells in the bones and lungs, which may be the underlying cause for the enhanced lung and bone metastases observed in the arthritic @entity19 . Next, we showed that once the @entity5 cells populate the metastatic niches (bones and lungs), they further increase the mast cell population within the niche and assist in enhancing @entity3 . This may primarily be due to the interaction of @entity17777 receptor present on mast cells and @entity10898 ( @entity10898 , the ligand for ckit) expressed on @entity5 cells. Finally, we showed that targeting the @entity10898 /cKit interaction with an anti-ckit antibody reduces the differentiation of mast cells and consequently reduces @entity3 . CONCLUSION: This is the first report to show that mast cells may play a critical role in remodeling not only the @entity5 microenvironment but also the metastatic niche to facilitate efficient @entity3 through @entity10898 /cKit interaction in @entity0 with @entity625 .

title: XXXX augments @entity0 @entity3 : role of mast cells and @entity10898 / @entity17777 signaling.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumor', 'Breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune arthritis', 'arthritis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone and lung metastasis']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastasis', 'metastasis']

answer: @entity625 :: (MESH:D001168,Disease) :: ['Arthritis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity842 (NO) has a variety of effects on the pathophysiology of the nasal cavity and seems to play an important role in @entity32 . It is increased in the common cold but @entity4432 ( @entity102 ). Exhaled NO increases after endoscopic sinus surgery in @entity102 . In our previous study we showed that NO metabolite ( @entity1507 and @entity3542 ) levels are increased in the sinus cavity of @entity102 @entity1 . We hypothesized that NO metabolite levels are increased to normal in the nasal lavage of @entity102 @entity1 after endoscopic sinus surgery and NO metabolites in the nasal lavage can be used as indicators of the disease status after surgery. METHODS: This study was performed on 52 @entity1 with @entity102 who did not respond to medical therapy and who underwent surgery. NO metabolite levels were measured in nasal lavages of the @entity1 before surgery and 2 months after surgery. RESULTS: NO metabolite levels (mean +/- SEM) were 18.11 +/- 3.08 micromol/L and 35.97 +/- 4.64 micromol/L in nasal lavages of @entity1 before and after surgery, respectively. The levels of NO metabolites were increased significantly (p < 0.01) after surgery in nasal lavages and @entity1 reported significant improvement based on the visual analog scoring after the operation. CONCLUSION: NO metabolite levels were decreased in nasal lavages of @entity102 @entity1 and were increased to normal levels after surgery along with improvement of the disease. NO metabolite levels may be used as an indicator for the follow-up of @entity1 after endoscopic sinus surgery.

title: XXXX metabolites as biomarkers for follow-up after @entity102 surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity4432 :: ('MESH:D065290', 'Disease') :: ['decreased in acute and chronic rhinosinusitis']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitric oxide']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['Nitric oxide']


abstract: We aimed to evaluate the @entity2105 activity weekly after the hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and its relationship with clinical outcome. We studied 30 @entity1 undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with different conditioning regimens and 15 healthy controls. Plasmas were collected from @entity1 10 days before transplantation, the day of transplantation and 7th, 14th, 21st and 28th days after transplantation. @entity1 were followed for median period of 13 months (6-24 months). @entity1 plasmas were further collected when @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) developed. Enzyme activities of @entity1 did not show a significant change through weeks [87% (39-145), 82% (16-110), 80% (36-134), 80% (36-134), 86% (47-127), 89% (11-127) and 90% (10-127)]. None of our @entity1 had enzyme activity lower than 5% and had @entity9818 , @entity1031 or @entity5501 . Enzyme activity on the day of acute @entity2132 was not significantly different from the pretransplantation period (73 +/- 32 versus 87 +/- 20%, P = 0.231), but significantly lower than healthy controls (73 +/- 32 versus 97 +/- 16%, P = 0.02). Moreover, by the 28th day after transplantation, @entity1 with acute @entity2132 had lower enzyme activity than the @entity1 without acute @entity2132 (62 +/- 36 versus 95 +/- 22%, P = 0.009). @entity2105 activity was lower in samples taken from @entity1 with chronic @entity2132 compared with baseline level (67 +/- 13 versus 91 +/- 30%, P = 0.15) and healthy controls (67 +/- 13 versus 97 +/- 16%, P = 0002). According to our data, transplantation does not have significant effect on @entity2105 activity. @entity2132 causes a slight decrease of the enzyme that may indicate the possible cytokine effect.

title: Follow-up of XXXX enzyme and its relationship with clinical events after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity9818 :: ('MESH:D057049', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft versus host disease', 'Acute or chronic GVHD']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity5501 :: ('MESH:D006504', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic veno-occlusive disease']

answer: @entity2105 :: (11093,Gene) :: ['ADAMTS13']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antitumor effect of recombinant IFN-alpha-2b-BCG on @entity19 @entity150 MB49 cells in vitro, and to explore its antitumor mechanisms. METHODS: MB49 cells were co-cultured with recombinant BCG or wild BCG, and than were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. The cell growth was assessed by @entity98 assay, and apoptosis rate and MHC-I of the MB49 cells was detected by flow cytometry using AO and @entity2455 fluorescence immunostaining. RESULTS: The hIFN-alpha-2b-BCG-treated @entity5 cells showed slow growth, detachment of some cells, and @entity528 . Light microscopy revealed organelle disorganization, chromatin aggregation, nuclear pyknosis, and cytolysis in some cells. Cellular membrane bulged and some bubbles were seen under fluorescence microscope using AO staining. @entity2455 assay also depicted frequent apoptosis in the @entity5 cells. The @entity98 assay showed that rBCG more actively than the wild BCG inhibited the proliferation of MB49 cells. The apoptosis rate of the recombinant BCG group was 19.7% and 46.6% at the time point of 24 h and 48 h, respectively, significantly higher than 10.8% and 20.9%, respectively, in the wild BCG group. The results of flow cytometry indicated that both types of BCG enhanced the expression of MHC-I in the MB49 cells, but more effective in the recombinant BCG group. CONCLUSION: The recombinant hIFN-alpha-2b-BCG has more strong immuno-modulatory properties, anti- @entity5 effect on MB49 cells and induces apparent @entity137 in the @entity150 cells in vitro.

title: [Effect of recombinant hIFN-alpha-2b-BCG on XXXX @entity150 MB49 cells in vitro].

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder cancer']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['various degree of degeneration']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the rate of training-induced @entity3626 in older @entity1 [mean (SD), 66.5 (1.2) years]. The eight subjects trained an average of 4.3 (0.3) times each week. The walk/jog training was in two phases with 4 weeks (phase 1) at a speed to elicit 70% of pre-training maximal @entity26 consumption (VO2max), and 5 weeks (phase 2) at 80%. Maximal exercise treadmill tests and a standardized submaximal protocol were performed prior to training, at weekly intervals during the training programme, and after training. VO2max (ml.kg-1. @entity1009 ) increased significantly over both phases: 6.6% after the first 4 weeks, and an additional 5.2% after the final 5 weeks. The weekly changes in VO2max over phase 1 were well fitted by an exponential association curve (r = 0.75). The half-time for the rate of adaptation was 13.8 days, or 8.3 training sessions. Over phase 2, the change in VO2max did not plateau and a time course could not be determined. Submaximal exercise heart rate (fc) was reduced a significant 10 beats. @entity1009 after the first 4 weeks, and further 6 beats. @entity1009 over the final 5 weeks. The fc reductions showed half-times of 9.1 days (phase 1) and 9.8 days (phase 2) (or 5-6 training sessions). The anaerobic ventilation threshold was increased 13.9% over the 9 weeks of training and the respiratory exchange ratio during constant load heavy exercise was significantly reduced; however, these changes could not be described by an exponential time course. Thus, short-term exercise training of older @entity1 resulted in significant and rapid cardiorespiratory improvements.

title: @entity3626 with short term training in older XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3626 :: ('MESH:D018489', 'Disease') :: ['cardiorespiratory adaptations']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Variation in expert opinion and lack of a systematic methodology hinder the development of reliable clinical practice guidelines. However standardized protocols have been defined to quantify, combine, and summarize expert judgments. In addition, statistical methods may help to outline guidelines based on simplified models of these judgments. METHODS: To test this hypothesis, stepwise logistic regression (SLR) and classification tree pruning ( @entity93 ) were used to predict the results of two expert panels (USA 1992 and Switzerland 1995) on laminectomy in sciatica conditions. Both panels, using the RAND-UCLA explicit method, assessed whether the procedure would be inappropriate or of potential use in 720 case scenarios combining 7 relevant factors. RESULTS: Laminectomy was rated as inappropriate in 60% and 70% of the scenarios by the US and Swiss panels, respectively. Either statistical method, in both panels, based its simplest model on the same 4 factors, as follows: imaging test results; disability; neurological findings; and conservative treatment trials (in decreasing order); the influence of 2 other factors, duration of @entity158 and nerve root irritation, were only marginal. The correct classification rates of the models were 89% and 93% for SLR and 93% and 85% for @entity93 . Adopting the @entity93 US algorithm as a guideline would lead to consider performing laminectomy only in @entity1 with imaging evidence of @entity547 , relatively severe disability, @entity427 , and previous nonsurgical treatment. Adherence to the corresponding @entity93 Swiss algorithm would result in less restrictive conditions. CONCLUSION: The statistical techniques proved as useful instruments to structure and simplify appropriateness criteria developed by expert panels and to outline parsimonious decision models for clinical practice.

title: Statistical approaches in the development of clinical practice guidelines from expert panels: the case of laminectomy in sciatica XXXX .

entities_list: @entity427 :: ('MESH:D012021', 'Disease') :: ['reflex abnormalities']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Anatomical studies of the primate brain have shown that the subicular and @entity1399 allocortices give rise to hippocampal efferents that course to numerous telencephalic and diencephalic targets including other parts of the cortex. The hippocampal formation is damaged heavily in @entity195 , and is a focal point for pathology. We examined the anteroposterior extent of the hippocampal formation in 52 cases of @entity195 , 6 cases of other types of @entity303 and 10 age-compatible controls, to determine the patterns of pathology. We have observed that only certain subfields of the hippocampal formation are affected by cell loss, @entity3072 and @entity527 , while adjacent, anatomically distinct subfields are relatively spared. The portions of the hippocampal formation most crucial for both cortical and subcortical efferent projections are severely affected by Alzheimer pathological changes. Most notable are @entity3072 in the subicular and @entity1399 subfields. Layer IV of entorhinal cortex, specifically affected by @entity3072 . Hippocampal input is also compromised. For example, layer II of entorhinal cortex, which gives rise to perforant pathway hippocampal afferents, also undergoes severe neurofibrillary changes. @entity527 plaques appear in a distinct layer in the terminal zone of the perforant pathway, which carries the majority of corticohippocampal afferents. Plaques are also common in a zone that receives serotoninergic projections from the raphe complex, thus compromising another hippocampal afferent. In sum, these changes disrupt intrinsic and extrinsic hippocampal circuitry at multiple levels, and the pathological dissection deprives the hippocampal formation of many of its efferent and afferent connections with cortical and subcortical structures important in memory-related neural systems. These changes likely contribute to the @entity2414 that characterizes @entity195 and the devastating intellectual decline that ensues.

title: Hippocampal formation: anatomy and the patterns of pathology in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['Neuritic', 'neuritic plaques']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity3072 :: ('MESH:C536599', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibrillary tangles']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['memory impairment']

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hyperbaric @entity26 (HBO) therapy is sometimes used to assist in wound healing after major @entity135 surgery. However, there is concern that HBO treatments might enhance the growth of any residual microscopic disease. This was studied in a @entity19 model of @entity957 ( @entity957 ). METHODS: @entity957 -VII/SF @entity5 cells were cultured, and then injected (3       10(3) cells) into C3H/HeJ @entity19 in 5 groups: subcutaneous (SQ) control (n   =   13), SQ-immediate (n   =   12), SQ-delayed (n   =   13), tail vein control (n   =   8), and tail vein immediate (n   =   9). The 3 experimental groups were subjected to HBO therapy, 2.4 atm for 90 minutes, 5 days per week for 4 weeks, starting on postinjection day 3 ("immediate") or 10 ("delayed"). @entity5 in the SQ @entity19 were measured 3 times per week. Lung metastases in the tail vein @entity19 were counted at necropsy. RESULTS: At postimplantation day 28, when the immediate group completed its HBO therapy, the @entity5 volume in the SQ-immediate group was 49.1% higher than the control group, and the SQ-delayed group was 105.1% higher than controls (p   <   .05). Two weeks later, the SQ-immediate group and SQ-delayed group @entity5 volumes were still significantly higher than controls, but the difference was smaller (18.4% and 43.8%, respectively; p   <   .05 only for the delayed group). The tail vein groups had similar numbers of lung metastases, with a mean of 8.7 metastases in the control group and 9.0 metastases in the HBO group (not significant [NS]). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that HBO therapy does accelerate the growth of microscopic foci of SCCs. This finding differs from some earlier studies and warrants further study.    2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck 36: 1743-1746, 2013.

title: Effect of hyperbaric XXXX therapy on a @entity19 @entity957 model.

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: The photo-Fenton process is a promising alternative to classical water disinfection treatments, although information in this regard is scarce due to its operational limitations. The effect of temperature (10, 20, 30 and 40    C) was studied on water disinfection using the photo-Fenton reaction at initial near neutral pH with @entity15603 as a model of natural organic matter (NOM). @entity797 , a Gram-positive microorganism, was selected as an indicator of wastewater faecal contamination. The individual effects of different variables involved in this process (mechanical stress, UVA, @entity274 , @entity8798 , @entity274 / @entity8798 , UVA/ @entity8798 , UVA/ @entity274 and UVA/ @entity274 / @entity8798 ) were determined. UVA and @entity274 led to a 2.5-log decrease individually and the combined effect of both variables managed to disinfect up to the detection limit (i.e. from a 5.5 to a 6-log reduction) over the same treatment time. Only by adding 10  mg  L(-1) of @entity8798 , the inactivation time was reduced from 120  min ( @entity274 /UVA) to 80  min ( @entity274 /UVA/ @entity8798 ; photo-Fenton) with 120  mg  L(-1) of @entity274 . A higher disinfection result for @entity797 was observed by increasing temperature according to the Arrhenius equation in the photo-Fenton process. The detection limit was not reached at 10    C and, to achieve the detection limit at 20, 30 and 40    C, 80, 65 and 40  min were needed, respectively. The decrease in treatment time is a key factor in applying the photo-Fenton disinfection process to a wastewater treatment plant.

title: Water disinfection using photo-Fenton: Effect of temperature on XXXX survival.

entities_list: @entity15603 :: ('MESH:C031389', 'Chemical') :: ['resorcinol']

entities_list: @entity797 :: ('1351', 'Species') :: ['E. faecalis', 'Enterococcus faecalis']

answer: @entity797 :: (1351,Species) :: ['Enterococcus faecalis']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Since 2003, the Society of @entity662 Centers (SCPC) has provided hospital accreditation for @entity1187 care processes. Our objective is to evaluate the association between SCPC accreditation and adherence to the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) evidence-based guidelines for @entity583 ( @entity583 ). The secondary objective is to describe the clinical outcomes and the association with accreditation. METHODS: We conducted a secondary analysis of data from @entity1 with @entity583 enrolled in the Can Rapid Risk Stratification of @entity1459 @entity1 Suppress Adverse Outcomes With Early Implementation of the ACC/AHA Guidelines (CRUSADE) quality improvement initiative in 2005. The analysis explored differences between SCPC-accredited and nonaccredited hospitals in evidence-based therapy given within the first 24 hours (including @entity117 , beta-blocker, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, heparin, and ECG within 10 minutes). RESULTS: Of 33,238 @entity1 treated at 21 accredited hospitals and 323 nonaccredited hospitals, those at SCPC-accredited centers (n=3,059) were more likely to receive @entity117 (98.1% versus 95.8%; odds ratio [OR] 1.73; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.06 to 2.83) and beta-blockers (93.4% versus 90.6%; OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.70) within 24 hours than @entity1 at non-SCPC-accredited centers (n=30,179). No difference was observed in obtaining a timely ECG (40.4% versus 35.2%; OR 1.28; 95% CI 0.98 to 1.67), administering a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor (OR 1.30; 95% CI 0.93 to 1.80), or administering heparin (OR 1.12; 95% CI 0.74 to 1.70). Also, there was no significant difference in risk-adjusted mortality for @entity1 treated at SCPC hospitals versus nonaccredited hospitals (3.4% versus 3.5%; adjusted OR 1.17; 95% CI 0.88 to 1.55). CONCLUSION: SCPC-accredited hospitals had higher @entity583 ACC/AHA evidence-based guideline adherence in the first 24 hours of care on 2 of the 5 measures. No difference in outcomes was observed. Further studies are needed to better understand the association between SCPC accreditation and improved care for @entity1 with @entity1187 .

title: An analysis of the Association of Society of @entity662 Centers Accreditation to American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association XXXX guideline adherence.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['Chest Pain']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['Unstable Angina']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['NSTEMI', 'non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: In @entity1 with @entity0 there are many risk factors for assessment of @entity0 maturity and prognosis. Besides histological type of differentiation, cytologic criteria for the evaluation grade of the differentiation of infiltrative @entity0 are very important for prognosis. The aim of this study was to define cytologic criteria for grading of infiltrative @entity513 of the breast. METHODS: . The imprints of intraoperative biopsies from 124 @entity1 were studied. They were air-dried and stained by May-Gr  nwald Giemsa method. The features assessed were: the degree and type of cell clustering, nuclear diameter and pleomorphism, chromatin structure, number and features of nucleoli, the aspect of cytoplasm, noncellular background and the variability of cells and nuclei. According to these morphologic features the infiltrative @entity513 of the breast could be classified into three grades of differentiation. RESULTS: Cytologic and histologic differentation grade revealed disagreement among 34.6% of the imprints. In 9 of total 23 histologicaly well differentiated @entity189 , cytological differentation grade was moderately differentiated. In 63 @entity189 with histologic differentiation grade II, cytologic differentation grade was good in 12 and poor in 16 @entity189 . CONCLUSION: Cytologic and histologic grading were not identical in 34.6% of the imprints what points out the need to further definition of diagnostic criteria, especially for grade II of differentiation.

title: [Determination of infiltrative XXXX differentiation grade in biopsy imprints].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity513 :: ('MESH:D044584', 'Disease') :: ['ductal carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'ductal breast carcinomas']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['ductal breast carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The present study assessed @entity75 (IAN) following nerve lateralization and implant placement surgery through optical and @entity1579 ( @entity1579 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: IAN lateralization was performed in 16 adult female @entity95 ( @entity95 ). During the nerve lateralization procedure, one implant was placed through the mandibular canal, and the IAN was replaced in direct contact with the implant. The implant was placed in the right mandible, and the left side was used as a control (no surgical procedure). After 8 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and samples were prepared for optical and @entity1579 analysis of IAN structural damage. Histomorphometric analysis was performed to determine the number and @entity129 and myelin sheath thickness between experimental and control groups. The different parameters were compared by one-way analysis of variance at the 95% significance level. RESULTS: Alterations in the perineural and endoneural regions of the IAN, with higher degrees of vascularization, were observed in the experimental group. @entity1579 showed that the majority of the myelinated nerve fibers were not affected in the experimental samples. No significant variation in the number of fascicles was observed, significantly larger fascicle height and width were observed in the control group, and significantly thicker myelin sheaths were observed in the experimental samples. CONCLUSION: IAN lateralization resulted in substantial degrees of tissue disorganization at the microstructural level because of the presence of @entity4 . However, at the ultrastructural level, small amounts of fiber degeneration were observed.

title: Microstructural and ultrastructural assessment of inferior alveolar nerve damage following nerve lateralization and implant placement: an experimental study in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['cross-sectional dimensions of nerve fascicles']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['damage to the inferior alveolar nerve']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'Oryctolagus cuniculus']

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['transmission electron microscopy', 'TEM']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbits']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity27607 (QL) capsule is a traditional Chinese medicine which has been approved for the treatment of @entity712 . Evidences proved that QL capsules further reduced the NT-proBNP levels and improved left ventricular ejection fraction in CHF @entity1 but the evidence supporting its underlying mechanism is still unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity583 (HF) Sprague-Dawley ratsmodel and neonatal @entity35 cardiac myocytes (NRCMs) were used. Animals were assigned into 4 groups, normal group (n=6), shame-operation group (n=6), @entity583 @entity35 4 weeks after left anterior descending coronary artery ligation were randomized into vehicle group (n=8), QL group (n=8). QL significantly attenuated @entity299 and ventricle remodeling as echocardiography and hemodynamic measurements showed improvement in left ventricular ejection fraction, fractional shortening,   dp/dt and left ventricular end diastolic and systolic diameters in QL treated group compared with the vehicle group. Improvements ininterstitial fibrosisand mitochondrial structures were also exhibited by Sirius Red staining, RT-PCR and electron microscopy. QL treatment improved apoptosis and @entity6667 expression in @entity35 marginal infract area. Complementary experiments analyzed the improved apoptosis and up-regulate of @entity6667 in @entity63 - @entity519 cultivated NRCMs is in an Akt dependent manner and can be reversed by Akt inhibitor. CONCLUSION: QL capsule can improve @entity299 and ventricular remodeling in @entity583 -HF ratsmodel, this cardiac protective efficacy may be concerned with attenuated apoptosis and @entity299 . Up-regulated @entity6667 expression and Akt phosphorylation may take part in this availability.

title: Cardio-protecteffect of @entity27607 capsule on left ventricular remodeling, dysfunction and apoptosis in @entity712 @entity35 after chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['chronic heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction', 'cardiac fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity27607 :: ('MESH:C572413', 'Chemical') :: ['Qiliqiangxin']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'Myocardial infarction (MI) -Heart failure']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Most pretreatment risk-assessment models to predict biochemical recurrence (BCR) after radical prostatectomy (RP) for @entity263 rely on total @entity1486 (PSA), clinical stage, and biopsy Gleason grade. We investigated whether free PSA (fPSA) and @entity1 @entity27656 ( @entity14958 ) would enhance the predictive accuracy of this standard model. Preoperative serum samples and complete clinical data were available for 1,356 @entity1 who underwent RP for @entity263 from 1993 to 2005. A case-control design was used, and conditional logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between preoperative predictors and BCR after RP. We constructed multivariable models with fPSA and @entity14958 as additional preoperative predictors to the base model. Predictive accuracy was assessed with the area under the ROC curve (AUC). There were 146 BCR cases; the median follow up for @entity1 without BCR was 3.2 years. Overall, 436 controls were matched to 146 BCR cases. The AUC of the base model was 0.786 in the entire cohort; adding fPSA and @entity14958 to this model enhanced the AUC to 0.798 (p=0.053), an effect largely driven by fPSA. In the subgroup of @entity1 with total PSA<or=10 ng/ml (48% of cases), adding fPSA and @entity14958 enhanced the AUC of the base model to a similar degree (from 0.720 to 0.726, p=0.2). fPSA is routinely measured during @entity263 detection. We suggest that the role of fPSA in aiding preoperative prediction should be investigated in further cohorts.

title: Evaluation of molecular forms of @entity1486 and XXXX kallikrein 2 in predicting biochemical failure after radical prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localized prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity27656 :: ('3817', 'Gene') :: ['glandular kallikrein-2']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate-specific antigen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Long-term disturbance of the @entity460 homeostasis of motor endplates (MEPs) causes @entity39 of muscle fibers. The onset of morphological changes in response to this disturbance, particularly in relation to the fiber type, is presently unknown. Omohyoid muscles of @entity19 were incubated for 1-30 minutes in 0.1 mM @entity5402 , an @entity934 agonist that causes an inward @entity460 current. In these muscles, the structural changes of the sarcomeres and the MEP sarcoplasm were evaluated at the light- and electron-microscopic level. Predominantly in type I fibers, @entity5402 incubation resulted in strong contractures of the sarcomeres underlying the MEPs. Owing to these contractures, the usual beret-like form of the MEP-associated sarcoplasm was deformed into a mushroom-like body. Consequently, the squeezed MEPs partially overlapped the adjacent muscle fiber segments. There are no signs of contractures below the MEPs if muscles were incubated in @entity5402 in @entity460 -free Tyrode's solution. @entity5402 induced inward @entity460 current and produced fiber-type-specific contractures. This finding points to differences in the handling of @entity460 in MEPs. Possible mechanisms for these fiber-type-specific differences caused by @entity5402 -induced @entity460 entry are assessed.

title: Early effects of XXXX on the morphology of motor endplates of mammalian skeletal muscle fibers.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol', 'Carbachol']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity5402 :: (MESH:D002217,Chemical) :: ['carbachol']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) is a modification of @entity10747 ( @entity10747 ) used to achieve the dissection of N1 lymph nodes, early vascular control, and negative posterior margins. However, there have been few comparative studies regarding the clinical outcomes of the RAMPS and @entity10747 procedures. METHODS: Ninety-three @entity1 underwent distal pancreatectomy for the treatment of pancreas body and tail adenocarcinoma between 2000 and 2014. Clinicopathologic data were retrospectively analyzed in this study. We compared short- and long-term outcomes between RAMPS and @entity10747 . In addition, we investigated the significance of clinicopathologic factors in left-sided @entity788 . RESULTS: Fifty-three @entity1 underwent RAMPS and 40 @entity1 underwent @entity10747 . RAMPS revealed a larger number of retrieved lymph nodes [28.4      11.6 vs 20.7      10.1; P  =  0.0016], more frequent R0 resection [90.5 vs 67.5  %; P  =  0.0053], less @entity954 than @entity10747 [485.4      63.3 vs 682.3      72.8  ml; P  =  0.0444], and shorter operating time (267.3      11.5 vs 339.4      13.2  min; P  <  0.0001) as compared with @entity10747 . In comparing RAMPS and @entity10747 , RAMPS showed a tendency for improvement of the median survival times than @entity10747 (47 vs 34  months) (P  =  0.1920). In the multivariate analysis, R1 resection, histologic grade, and vascular invasion for overall survival (OS) were found to be independent factors. CONCLUSIONS: There were a decrease of @entity954 and an increase in the number of retrieved lymph nodes and the R0 resection rate using RAMPS as compared with @entity10747 .

title: Comparison of Surgical Outcomes Between Radical Antegrade Modular Pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) and Standard Retrograde Pancreatosplenectomy (SPRS) for Left-Sided XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancers']

entities_list: @entity10747 :: ('MESH:D012183', 'Disease') :: ['SRPS', 'standard retrograde pancreatosplenectomy']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['intraoperative bleeding']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['Pancreatic Cancer']


abstract: Detoxification can be accomplished more rapidly by first "flushing" the opiates from the receptor sites. @entity1510 , a short acting antagonist displaces opiates from the receptor sites and such displacement precipitates an @entity6767 . Recently, a method of using acupuncture and electrical stimulation (AES) in combination with @entity1510 for fast @entity10518 was reported. This technique was applied to 50 cases of @entity4521 addicts. Forty-one were detoxified. There were nine failures. Of the 41 cases, 18 @entity1 were sent to rehabilitation centres and did not experience abstinence symptoms. Six were sent out of Hong Kong where @entity4521 is not available, and two others did not go to a rehabilitation centre but still abstained. The other 15 were presumed to be on the drug. It is advocated that AES increases endorphin and relieves @entity6767 , but also at the same time inhibits the autonomic nervous system, mainly the parasympathetic nervous system. The technique does not stop the craving, therefore after @entity10518 , the @entity1 should be sent for psycho-social rehabilitation, or alternatively be put on long acting antagonist.

title: Fast @entity10518 of @entity4521 addicts by acupuncture and electrical stimulation (AES) in combination with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6767 :: ('MESH:D009357', 'Disease') :: ['abstinence syndrome']

entities_list: @entity10518 :: ('MESH:C565043', 'Disease') :: ['detoxification']

entities_list: @entity1510 :: ('MESH:D009270', 'Chemical') :: ['Naloxone', 'naloxone']

answer: @entity1510 :: (MESH:D009270,Chemical) :: ['naloxone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent evidence suggests that long-term exposure to particulate air pollution contributes to pulmonary and systemic oxidative stress, @entity32 , progression of @entity731 , and risk of @entity741 and @entity204 . Short-term exposure may contribute to complications of @entity731 , such as plaque vulnerability, @entity715 , and acute @entity63 events. These findings are inconclusive and controversial and require further study. This study evaluates the role of short-term particulate exposure in triggering @entity741 events. METHODS AND RESULTS: A case-crossover study design was used to analyze @entity63 events in 12,865 @entity1 who lived on the Wasatch Front in Utah. @entity1 were drawn from the cardiac catheterization registry of the Intermountain Heart Collaborative Study, a large, ongoing registry of @entity1 who underwent coronary arteriography and were followed up longitudinally. Ambient fine particulate pollution (particles with an aerodynamic diameter < or = 2.5 microm; PM2.5) elevated by 10 microg/m3 was associated with increased risk of acute @entity63 coronary events ( @entity1459 and @entity583 ) equal to 4.5% (95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 8.0). Effects were larger for those with angiographically demonstrated @entity453 . CONCLUSIONS: Short-term particulate exposures contributed to acute coronary events, especially among @entity1 with underlying @entity453 . Individuals with stable presentation and those with angiographically demonstrated clean coronaries are not as susceptible to short-term particulate exposure.

title: XXXX events triggered by short-term exposure to fine particulate air pollution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1459 :: ('MESH:D000789', 'Disease') :: ['unstable angina']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['acute ischemic heart disease', 'ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity741 :: (MESH:D017202,Disease) :: ['Ischemic heart disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from @entity1 with recent-onset @entity4652 idiopathic @entity625 (JIA) exhibit biologically or clinically informative gene expression signatures. METHODS: Peripheral blood samples were obtained from 59 healthy @entity1 and 61 @entity1 with @entity4932 prior to treatment with second-line medications, such as @entity1499 or biologic agents. RNA was extracted from isolated mononuclear cells, fluorescence labeled, and hybridized to commercial gene expression microarrays (Affymetrix HG-U133 Plus 2.0). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance at a 5% false discovery rate threshold after robust multichip analysis preprocessing and distance-weighted discrimination normalization. RESULTS: Initial analysis revealed 873 probe sets for genes that were differentially expressed between @entity4932 @entity1 and healthy controls. Hierarchical clustering of these probe sets distinguished 3 subgroups within the @entity4932 group. Prototypical @entity1 within each subgroup were identified and used to define subgroup-specific gene expression signatures. One of these signatures was associated with monocyte markers, another with transforming growth factor beta-inducible genes, and a third with immediate early genes. Correlation of gene expression signatures with clinical and biologic features of JIA subgroups suggested relevance to aspects of disease activity and supported the division of @entity4932 into distinct subsets. CONCLUSION: Gene expression signatures in PBMCs from @entity1 with recent-onset @entity4932 reflect discrete disease processes and offer a molecular classification of disease.

title: Gene expression signatures in XXXX idiopathic @entity625 demonstrate disease heterogeneity and offer a molecular classification of disease subsets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity625 :: ('MESH:D001168', 'Disease') :: ['arthritis']

entities_list: @entity4652 :: ('MESH:D020734', 'Disease') :: ['polyarticular juvenile']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['polyarticular JIA']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity4652 :: (MESH:D020734,Disease) :: ['polyarticular juvenile']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Extended immobility has been associated with medical complications during hospitalization. However no clear recommendations are available for mobilization of @entity385 @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: As early mobilization has been shown to be feasible and safe, we tested the hypothesis that early sitting could be beneficial to @entity64 @entity1 outcome. METHODS: This prospective multicenter study tested two sitting procedures at the acute phase of @entity385 , in a randomized controlled fashion (clinicaltrials.org registration number NCT01573299). @entity1 were eligible if they were above 18 years of age and showed no sign of massive @entity1188 or any contra-indication for sitting. In the early-sitting group, @entity1 were seated out of bed at the earliest possible time but no later than one calendar day after @entity64 onset, whereas the progressively-sitting group was first seated out of bed on the third calendar day after @entity64 onset. Primary outcome measure was the proportion of @entity1 with a modified Rankin score [0-2] at 3 months post @entity64 . Secondary outcome measures were a.) prevalence of medical complications, b.) length of hospital stay, and c.) tolerance to the procedure. RESULTS: One hundred sixty seven @entity1 were included in the study, of which 29 were excluded after randomization. Data from 138 @entity1 , 63 in the early-sitting group and 75 in the progressively-sitting group were analyzed. There was no difference regarding outcome of @entity1 with @entity64 , with a proportion of Rankin [0-2] score at 3 months of 76.2% and 77.3% of @entity1 in the early- and progressive-sitting groups, respectively (p = 0.52). There was also no difference between groups for secondary outcome measures, and the procedure was well tolerated in both arms. CONCLUSION: Due to a slow enrollment, fewer patients than anticipated were available for analysis. As a result, we can only detect beneficial/detrimental effects of +/- 15% of the early sitting procedure on @entity64 outcome with a realized 37% power. However, enrollment was sufficient to rule out effect sizes greater than 25% with 80% power, indicating that early sitting is unlikely to have an extreme effect in either direction on @entity64 outcome. Additionally, we were not able to provide a blinded assessment of the primary outcome. Taking these limitations into account, our results may help guide the development of more effective @entity64 rehabilitation strategies, and the design of future @entity64 trials involving out of bed activities and other mobilization regimens. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01573299.

title: Early Sitting in @entity385 XXXX (SEVEL): A Randomized Controlled Trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In 2007, clinical trials began for gene-replacement therapy for @entity31923 -associated @entity26000 . To enroll, subjects must have both disease-causing @entity31923 alleles identified. Determining which @entity1 have true disease-causing mutations requires a multistep approach. METHODS: This study is a retrospective case series using the estimate of pathogenic probability (EPP) algorithm and genotyping of family members to establish phase. RESULTS: Five probands and their families were studied. @entity1 1 had genetic testing elsewhere and was reported to have 2 disease-causing @entity32307 mutations. The family received incorrect prenatal counseling based on this result. We found both variations to be benign ethnic polymorphisms (EPP = 0). Case 2 had possible disease-causing mutations in @entity31923 , @entity8100 , and @entity26751 ; however, screening of family members revealed that only @entity26751 variations were disease causing and the @entity31923 change was a polymorphism found in 11% of African Americans. Case 3 had a diagnosis of @entity26751 -associated @entity26000 , but this mutation had an EPP = 0; a true homozygous disease-causing mutation was later found in @entity31170 . @entity1 4 had 3 mutations found in @entity31923 , but only 2 were disease causing. @entity1 5 had a homozygous mutation in @entity31923 . Only @entity1 4 and 5 would be eligible for clinical trials of @entity31923 gene replacement. CONCLUSIONS: To be eligible for participation in current @entity31923 gene therapy trials, @entity1 ' DNA must contain 2 correctly segregating alleles with an EPP = 2 or 3. Interpretation of DNA variants is complex; genetic misdiagnosis may lead to ineffective treatment in some @entity1 and lack of treatment in others.

title: Which XXXX @entity1 are eligible for gene therapy trials?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity26000 :: ('MESH:D057130', 'Disease') :: ['Leber congenital amaurosis']

answer: @entity26000 :: (MESH:D057130,Disease) :: ['Leber congenital amaurosis']


abstract: The relationships between @entity472 , @entity453 , @entity951 , and @entity583 were examined in 173 @entity1 with isolated @entity7874 who had coronary arteriography as well as cardiac catheterization. All were over age 40 and had @entity299 ; 156 later had aortic valve replacement. Coronary lesions narrowing the lumen by 50% or more were present in 37% of @entity1 aged 40 to 59 and 68% of those aged 60 to 82. @entity301 was present in 64% of @entity1 with @entity951 and 33% of those without @entity951 . @entity951 which occurred only in association with @entity1353 on exertion was associated with @entity301 in 45% of instances, whereas @entity951 which also occurred on exertion without any @entity1353 or which occurred with emotional stress, after meals, during sleep, or at rest unprovoked was associated with @entity301 in 80% of instances. @entity1 with @entity301 without any @entity662 or with @entity158 considered nonanginal were @entity1 , usually over age 60, with @entity712 as the predominant symptom. Electrocardiograms showing transmural inferior or anterolateral @entity1188 nearly always indicated @entity301 , while QS patterns in Leads @entity5184 occurred frequently with normal coronary arteries. Serum @entity165 was elevated in 23% of those with @entity301 and 8% of those without. A group of @entity1 with moderate @entity472 could be identified, with aortic valve areas of 0.55 to 0.80 cm. per square meter, in whom @entity301 was the sole or chief cause of symptoms. The operative mortality rate with aortic valve replacement was 9.6% in those with @entity301 and 1.4% in those without significant @entity301 . @entity301 is frequently present in @entity1 with @entity7874 , particularly in those over 60, those with @entity951 , and those with symptoms despite only moderate @entity472 . The @entity164 , the ECG evidence of transmural @entity1188 , and the coronary risk factors provide additional clues for clinical diagnosis.

title: @entity472 , XXXX , and @entity453 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['Coronary disease', 'coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity7874 :: ('MESH:C562942', 'Disease') :: ['calcific aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['Angina', 'angina pectoris', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['type of anginal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['atypical pain']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['definite cardiac symptoms']

entities_list: @entity472 :: ('MESH:D001024', 'Disease') :: ['aortic stenosis']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['angina pectoris']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite @entity28 being closely associated with two common risk factors for @entity633 , namely type 2 @entity6 (T2DM) and @entity101 , information on the impact of @entity353 on albumin excretion rate in morbidly @entity28 (MO) subjects is scarce. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the independent contribution of @entity353 following bariatric surgery (BS) to the improvement of the albumin-to- @entity1011 ratio (ACR) in MO subjects with T2DM. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Observational prospective study, including consecutive (n = 255) @entity1 undergoing Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (GBP) or sleeve gastrectomy (SG) of whom 37.6 % (n = 96) presented with T2DM. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was used to assess the contribution of T2DM-related, @entity101 -related, and @entity353 -related variables, and type of surgery to normalization of ACR (<30 mg/g) at 12 and 24 months follow-up. RESULTS: In T2DM subjects, baseline ACR was 85.7    171 mg/g with ACR >=  30 mg/g being present in 45.7 % of the cohort. At 12 months, the ACR significantly decreased in T2DM subjects (42.2    142.8 mg/g; p < 0.005) with no further reduction at 24 months after surgery (44.4    227.7; p = 0.862). Among T2DM subjects with ACR >=  30 mg/g at baseline, the ACR became <30 mg/g in 58.5 % and 76.9 % at 12 and 24 months, respectively (p < 0.001 relative to baseline). Body mass index (BMI) change from baseline was the only independent predictor of ACR normalization at 12 months [Exp(B) 1.373, 95 % confidence interval 1.075-1.703; p < 0.05]. None of the evaluated variables appeared as an independent predictor of ACR normalization at 24 months. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that, in MO subjects with T2DM, interventions aiming at slowing the progression of @entity8 should not only focus on optimization of @entity413 and blood pressure control but also include effective @entity353 strategies.

title: Weight loss independently predicts urinary albumin excretion normalization in morbidly XXXX type 2 @entity6 @entity1 undergoing bariatric surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In developing countries, @entity1 with @entity3384 present at various age for primary repair. Even if they come at an appropriate age, logistic and financial problems prevent us from providing preoperative orthopedic treatment for @entity1 with @entity3384 ( @entity3384 ). We present our protocol and technique of primary repair for @entity3384 without preoperative orthopedics at different ages. SETTING AND DESIGN: We operated on 240 @entity1 with @entity3384 from 2001 to 2003. One hundred ten @entity1 younger than 1 year were operated on for primary surgeries, 99 @entity1 were between 2 and 10 years, and 40 were older than 10 years. Of the 110 @entity1 who had primary repairs for @entity3384 without preoperative orthopedic before age of 1 year, seventy @entity1 were studied for dental @entity432 and premaxillary position at age of 5 to 7 years. @entity1 operated on after the age of 1 year had palate repair before lip repair. @entity1 operated on after 10 years, the protocol was modified to tackle protruding premaxilla at the time of palate repair. OUTCOME: Of 70 @entity1 operated on before 1 year of age, 83% had an @entity432 with @entity2632 of variable degree at age of 5 to 7 years. Thirteen percent had buccal bite, and these @entity1 had small premaxilla before lip repair. CONCLUSIONS: Modification of protocol was necessary for @entity1 with @entity3384 who approached later than 1 year of age for primary treatment. @entity3384 repair without any preoperative orthopedic in young babies will mould the premaxilla. The size of premaxilla can predict the growth potential of maxilla.

title: Primary XXXX repair with management of premaxilla without preoperative orthopedics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2632 :: ('MESH:D057887', 'Disease') :: ['anterior and deep bites of the premaxilla']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['BCLP', 'Bilateral cleft lip', 'cleft lip and palate', 'bilateral complete cleft lip and palate']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['occlusion']

answer: @entity3384 :: (MESH:D002971,Disease) :: ['bilateral cleft lip']


abstract: It is known that loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding Parkin lead to development of @entity191 . Recently, Parkin was found to play an important role in the @entity409 via autophagy in neurons. Although Parkin is expressed in the heart, its functional role in this tissue is largely unexplored. In this study, we have investigated the role of Parkin in the myocardium under normal physiological conditions and in response to @entity583 . We found that @entity942 (Parkin(-/-)) @entity19 had normal cardiac function for up to 12 months of age as determined by echocardiographic analysis. Although ultrastructural analysis revealed that @entity942 hearts had disorganized mitochondrial networks and significantly smaller mitochondria, mitochondrial function was unaffected. However, Parkin(-/-) @entity19 were much more sensitive to @entity583 when compared with wild type @entity19 . Parkin(-/-) @entity19 had reduced survival and developed larger @entity1188 when compared with wild type @entity19 after the @entity1188 . Interestingly, Parkin protein levels and mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) were rapidly increased in the border zone of the @entity1188 in wild type @entity19 . In contrast, Parkin(-/-) myocytes had reduced mitophagy and accumulated swollen, dysfunctional mitochondria after the @entity1188 . Overexpression of Parkin in isolated cardiac myocytes also protected against @entity519 -mediated cell death, whereas nonfunctional @entity191 -associated mutants ParkinR42P and ParkinG430D had no effect. Our results suggest that Parkin plays a critical role in adapting to stress in the myocardium by promoting removal of damaged mitochondria.

title: Parkin protein deficiency exacerbates cardiac injury and reduces survival following XXXX .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['removal of dysfunctional mitochondria']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson disease']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarcts', 'infarct', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['Parkin-deficient']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical value of the pre-treatment calculated free @entity251 (fT), total @entity251 (tT), @entity443 ( @entity443 ) and @entity53 (E2) levels as potential predictors of pathological stage and grade in @entity1 with clinically localized @entity263 . METHODS: Preoperative sex hormone serum levels were prospectively measured in 137 @entity1 who underwent radical prostatectomy at the University Hospital Ulm from February 2011 to February 2012. We related sex hormone levels to clinicopathologic data including @entity5 stage, Gleason score and @entity1486 (PSA). (Non)parametric statistical tests and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analyses were performed. RESULTS: Preoperative serum fT levels were significantly associated with @entity1442 (pT3-4 and/or pN+; p  =  0.047) and lymph node involvement (pN+) (p  =  0.027). @entity1 with low (<0.047   g/l) vs. normal fT values (>= 0.047   g/l) were associated with higher @entity5 stage (p  =  0.049), positive lymph node status (pN+  , p  =  0.038) and advance disease (p  =  0.016). Moreover, low tT values ( <=0.193   g/l; p  =  0.018) and elevated @entity443 levels (>48.4  nmol/l, p  =  0.043) correlated with a higher Gleason score. Conversely, E2 levels were not associated with @entity5 stage or grade. Applying multivariate analysis, unlike tT, @entity443 , and E2 levels, low fT levels were a significant independent predictor of @entity1442 (relative hazard ratio 3.05, p  =  0.028). CONCLUSIONS: Low pre-treatment fT levels were significantly associated with @entity5 stage and extraprostatic @entity5 spread and might-in addition or combination with PSA-serve as a useful prognostic parameter for @entity263 @entity1 prior to radical prostatectomy.

title: Circulating free @entity251 is an independent predictor of @entity1442 in XXXX with clinically localized @entity263 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1486 :: ('354', 'Gene') :: ['prostate specific antigen']

entities_list: @entity443 :: ('6462', 'Gene') :: ['sexual hormone-binding globulin', 'SHBG']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: In this study we have examined the effect of global @entity2806 /reperfusion on biochemical properties of the mitochondrial respiratory complex I (CI) in @entity35 hippocampus and cortex. Since the inner mitochondrial membrane forms the permeability barrier for @entity2125 , the methodology of enzymatic activity determinations employs membrane permeabilization methods. This action affects the basic character of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions inside the membrane and might influence functional properties of membrane embedded proteins. Therefore we have performed the comparative analysis of two permeabilization methods (sonication, detergent) and their impact on CI enzymatic activities under global brain ischemic-reperfusion conditions. We have observed that @entity63 led to significant decrease of CI activities using both permeabilization methods in both brain areas. However, significant differencies in enzymatic activities were registered during reperfusion intervals according to used permeabilization method. We have also tested the effect of electron acceptors ( @entity29798 , @entity27545 , @entity2387 ) on CI activities during I/R. Based on our results we assume that the critical site where @entity63 affects CI activities is electron transfer to electron acceptor. Further, the observed mitochondrial dysfunction was analyzed by means of one and 2-dimensional BN PAGE/ @entity214 PAGE with the focus on @entity6837 immunodetection as a marker of oxidative damage to proteins. Add to this, initialization of @entity10740 mitochondrial apoptosis through @entity10740 , @entity2310 , @entity5613 proteins and a possible involvement of GRIM-19, the CI structural subunit, in apoptotic processes were also studied.

title: XXXX -induced inhibition of mitochondrial complex I in @entity35 brain: effect of permeabilization method and electron acceptor.

entities_list: @entity6837 :: ('CHEBI:44454', 'Chemical') :: ['3-nitrotyrosine']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2387 :: ('MESH:D009580', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrotetrazolium blue']

entities_list: @entity29798 :: ('MESH:C060262', 'Chemical') :: ['decylubiquinone']

entities_list: @entity27545 :: ('MESH:C028033', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium ferricyanide']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['Ischemia']


abstract: Neuroadaptations in the ventral striatum (VS) and ventral midbrain (VMB) following chronic opioid administration are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis and persistence of @entity4784 . In order to identify candidate genes involved in these neuroadaptations, we utilized a behavior-genetics strategy designed to associate contingent intravenous drug self-administration with specific patterns of gene expression in inbred @entity19 differentially predisposed to the rewarding effects of @entity1286 . In a Yoked-control paradigm, C57BL/6J @entity19 showed clear @entity1286 -reinforced behavior, whereas @entity7840 /2J @entity19 did not. Moreover, the Yoked-control paradigm revealed the powerful consequences of self-administration versus passive administration at the level of gene expression. @entity1286 self-administration in the C57BL/6J @entity19 uniquely up- or down-regulated 237 genes in the VS and 131 genes in the VMB. Interestingly, only a handful of the C57BL/6J self-administration genes (<3%) exhibited a similar expression pattern in the DBA/2J @entity19 . Hence, specific sets of genes could be confidently assigned to regional effects of @entity1286 in a contingent- and genotype-dependent manner. Bioinformatics analysis revealed that neuroplasticity, axonal guidance and micro-RNAs (miRNAs) were among the key themes associated with drug self-administration. Noteworthy were the primary miRNA genes H19 and @entity33864 ( @entity33864 ), processed, respectively, to mature miRNAs @entity33865 and @entity33866 , because they are prime candidates to mediate network-like changes in responses to chronic drug administration. These miRNAs have postulated roles in dopaminergic neuron differentiation and mu-opioid receptor regulation. The strategic approach designed to focus on reinforcement-associated genes provides new insight into the role of neuroplasticity pathways and miRNAs in @entity734 .

title: Neuroplasticity, axonal guidance and micro-RNA genes are associated with XXXX self-administration behavior.

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opiate addiction']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine', 'Morphine']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug addiction']

answer: @entity1286 :: (MESH:D009020,Chemical) :: ['morphine']


abstract: Soy protein isolate (SPI) is known to reduce the risk of @entity299 by lowering serum @entity165 and @entity1674 (TG) levels. @entity1460 beta-conglycinin, which is a component of SPI, might be the active ingredient that prevents and/or ameliorates lifestyle-related diseases, such as @entity407 and @entity28 . This study aimed to determine the efficacy of @entity1460 beta-conglycinin for lowering the human serum TG level and visceral fat. Randomized double-blind placebo-controlled designs were used to test the effect of dietary beta-conglycinin, which was taken in the form of candy. [Test 1]In order to examine the serum TG level, 138 volunteers aged 26 to 69 years with TG concentrations above 1.69 mmol/L participated in the study. The subjects were divided at random into two different groups: the test group only consumed the experimental candy containing beta-conglycinin and the placebo group only consumed the placebo candy containing casein. The test period consisted of a 2-wk pre-evaluation phase to screen the @entity1 , a 12-wk consumption period and a 4-wk post-evaluation phase. The serum TG concentrations were significantly reduced in the test group, compared with the placebo group, after consuming the experimental candy. [Test 2]In order to measure visceral fat by means of CT scanning, 102 volunteers aged 26 to 69 years with body mass indices (BMI) between 25 and 30 participated in the study. The subjects were divided at random into two different groups as for Test 1. The test period consisted of a 2-wk pre-evaluation phase to screen the @entity1 , a 20-wk consumption period and a 4-wk post-evaluation phase. A significant reduction in visceral fat only occurred in the beta-conglycinin group. This study showed that beta-conglycinin is an effective food ingredient that will be of use to reduce high serum TG concentrations and to prevent @entity28 .

title: Decreases in serum XXXX and visceral fat mediated by dietary @entity1460 beta-conglycinin.

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1460 :: ('3847', 'Species') :: ['Soybean', 'soybean']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1674 :: (MESH:D014280,Chemical) :: ['triacylglycerol']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Long-term graft survival after islet transplantation to @entity1 with type 1 @entity6 is insufficient, necessitating the development of new strategies to enhance transplant viability. Here we investigated whether co-transplantation of neural crest stem cells (NCSCs) with islets improves islet survival and function in normoglycaemic and @entity6 @entity19 . METHODS: Islets alone or together with NCSCs were transplanted under the kidney capsule to normoglycaemic or @entity10835 -induced @entity6 @entity19 . Grafts were analysed for size, proliferation, apoptosis and insulin release. In @entity6 recipients blood @entity413 levels were examined before and after graft removal. RESULTS: In mixed transplants NCSCs actively migrated and extensively associated with co-transplanted pancreatic islets. Proliferation of beta cells was markedly increased and transplants displayed improved insulin release in normoglycaemic @entity19 compared with those receiving islet-alone transplants. Mixed grafts survived successfully and partially restored normoglycaemia in @entity10835 -induced @entity6 @entity19 . CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Co-grafting of NCSCs with pancreatic islets improved insulin release in mixed transplants and enhanced beta cell proliferation, resulting in increased beta cell mass. This co-transplantation model offers an opportunity to restore neural-islet interactions and improve islet functions after transplantation.

title: Neural crest stem cells increase beta cell proliferation and improve islet function in co-transplanted XXXX pancreatic islets.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']


abstract: @entity1507 reductase, released from the membrane fraction of @entity526 by a neutral heat treatment, was purified to homogeneity by gel filtration chromatography. The purified enzyme behaved as an associating-dissociating system, exhibiting concentration-dependent sedimentation constants which ranged from 24 S at high concentrations in the ultracentrifuge down to 10 S at low concentrations in @entity969 gradients. The molecular weight determined at high concentrations by sedimentation equilibrium was 880,000 +/- 30,000. Large and small enzyme species were detected on @entity2975 disc gels run with diluted samples of enzyme. The ratio of the two species was concentration-dependent and the dissociation was reversible. The purified enzyme appeared to be homogeneous and monodisperse in the ultracentrifuge, on @entity969 gradients, during gel filtration on Bio-Gel and on @entity2975 gels, but it had a heterogeneous subunit composition as determined by @entity3208 gel electrophoresis. Enzyme species with different subunit compositions were @entity1625 resolved by gel filtration. The fractions with the highest specific activity contained subunits of 150,000 and 55,000 daltons in a ratio of approximately 1:1. Other fractions contained reduced amounts of the 55,000-dalton subunit and correspondingly increased amounts of 51,000-, 45,000-, and 10,000-dalton subunits, suggesting that the heterogeneity was the result of proteolytic degradation of the 55,000-dalton subunit. The enzyme contained approximately 12 non- @entity1446 irons, 12 acid-labile @entity27536 , 24 @entity462 residues, and 1 @entity5334 per 200,000 daltons.

title: Association-dissociation behavior and subunit structure of heat-released @entity1507 reductase from XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['partially']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity5334 :: ('MESH:D008982', 'Chemical') :: ['molybdenum']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrate']

entities_list: @entity969 :: ('MESH:D013395', 'Chemical') :: ['sucrose']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Bioimpedance spectroscopy (BIS) is a tool utilized in health care to investigate body composition and fluid distribution. Limited research has addressed the clinical use of BIS in burns. This study aimed to examine the effects of @entity575 dressings on BIS measurements in burns @entity1 . BIS measurements were collected during two dressing conditions: @entity7586 ( @entity7586 ), and; @entity7586 ( @entity7586 ). Wilcoxon sign-ranks tests determined if there were any significant differences in BIS measures between the dressing conditions. Multilevel mixed-effects linear regressions examined the effect of %TBSA and body mass on BIS variables across the dressing conditions. The mean age of the @entity1 (n=31) was 34.90 years; with a median TBSA of 15%. There was a significant increase in extracellular fluid (ECF) (p<0.001), intracellular fluid (ICF) (p<0.001) and total body water (TBW) (p<0.001) when @entity7586 was in place. There were significant interactions between dressing condition, %TBSA and body mass, whereby the difference in ECF, ICF and TBW between the @entity7586 and @entity7586 conditions were increased as %TBSA and body mass increased. Algorithms were developed subsequently to adjust BIS outputs for use when @entity7586 is in place. Clinician's may continue to use BIS in real-time using the predictive algorithms established during this study.

title: Nanocrystalline @entity575 dressings significantly influence bioimpedance spectroscopy measurements of fluid volumes in burns XXXX .

entities_list: @entity7586 :: ('MESH:D063926', 'Disease') :: ['ND', 'AD', 'no dressing', 'Acticoat    dressing']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Objectives. The purpose of the present study is to verify if the degree of immunological response against @entity3 , measured by the number of @entity4755 (+) NK-cells in the tissue of a brain @entity3 , influences the later development of new brain metastases or @entity5 recurrence. @entity1 and Methods. @entity4755 (+) NK-cells were immunohistochemically identified in the resected @entity5 , in a series of twenty @entity1 operated on by a single brain @entity3 @entity2220 . In each case, the degree of @entity4755 (+) NK-cells infiltration within the @entity5 tissue and the period free of new @entity1504 after brain surgery were recorded. Results. All the studied @entity5 showed variable number of @entity4755 (+) NK-cells (mean    standard deviation: 8.4    4.8 per microscopical field, at 200x). The period free of @entity1504 ranged between 10 and 52 weeks (mean    standard deviation: 22.7    11.9). Statistical analysis showed that there was no correlation between the degree of NK-cells infiltration within the resected @entity5 and the period free of @entity1504 after surgery (P > 0.05). Conclusion. This finding supports that clinical behavior in metastatic @entity75 is not influenced by the immunological response mediated by @entity4755 (+) NK-cells.

title: Clinical Behavior in Metastatic @entity75 Is Not Influenced by the Immunological Defense Mediated by XXXX NK-Cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain disease']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastatic tumors']

entities_list: @entity2220 :: ('MESH:C538231', 'Disease') :: ['secondary to lung adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity4755 :: (27087,Gene) :: ['CD57']


abstract: Cannabinoid receptors have been localized in the central and peripheral nervous system as well as on cells of the immune system, but recent studies on animal tissue gave evidence for the presence of cannabinoid receptors in different types of tissues. Their presence was supposed also in myofascial tissue, suggesting that the endocannabinoid system may help resolve myofascial trigger points and relieve symptoms of @entity239 . However, until now the expression of @entity6510 ) and @entity12332 ( @entity12332 ) in fasciae has not yet been established. Small samples of fascia were collected from volunteers @entity1 during orthopedic surgery. For each sample were done a cell isolation, immunohistochemical investigation ( @entity6510 and @entity12332 antibodies) and real time RT-PCR to detect the expression of @entity6510 and @entity12332 . Both cannabinoid receptors are expressed in @entity1 fascia and in @entity1 fascial fibroblasts culture cells, although to a lesser extent than the control gene. We can assume that the expression of mRNA and protein of @entity6510 and @entity12332 receptors in fascial tissue are concentrated into the fibroblasts.  This is the first demonstration that the fibroblasts of the muscular fasciae express @entity6510 and @entity12332 . The presence of these receptors could help to provide a description of cannabinoid receptors distribution and to better explain the role of fasciae as @entity158 generator and the efficacy of some fascial treatments. Indeed the endocannabinoid receptors of fascial fibroblasts can contribute to modulate the fascial @entity82 and @entity32 .

title: Expression of the endocannabinoid receptors in XXXX fascial tissue.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6510 :: ('1268', 'Gene') :: ['CB1 (cannabinoid receptor 1', 'CB1']

entities_list: @entity12332 :: ('1269', 'Gene') :: ['cannabinoid receptor 2', 'CB2']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']