abstract: PURPOSE: A percutaneous, intramedullary fracture reduction technique for treatment of unstable dorsal fracture-dislocation of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint is described and the clinical and radiological results are reported. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective clinical follow-up of 16 @entity1 with 18 dorsal @entity174 of the PIP joint. After closed joint reduction, we used an extension block K-wire to maintain the joint reduction. @entity3355 fragments were reduced percutaneously under fluoroscopy control using a pre-bent K-wire inserted through the intramedullary canal of the middle phalanx. The @entity1 initiated passive range of motion exercises immediately after surgery. After a mean of 3 weeks, we removed the extension block K-wire and allowed free mobilization. We examined 13 @entity1 with 15 injured fingers at a mean 5-year follow-up (range, 1-8 y). RESULTS: @entity2720 was achieved and maintained. The mean articular step-off decreased from 2.1 mm (range, 1.6-3.1 mm) to 0.5 mm (range, 0.0-1.2 mm). At the final follow-up, active PIP motion averaged 83   (range, 65   to 97  ) with a mean flexion contracture of 3   (range, 0   to 15  ). The mean visual analog scale score for digit @entity158 was 1/10. The mean Disabilities of the Shoulder, Arm, and Hand score of 4/100 indicated little functional impairment. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous, intramedullary reduction of the impacted volar articular fragments associated with unstable, dorsal fracture-dislocation of the PIP joint restores joint congruence and function. TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic IV.

title: Percutaneous, intramedullary fracture reduction and extension block pinning for dorsal proximal interphalangeal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture-dislocations']

entities_list: @entity3355 :: ('MESH:D014095', 'Disease') :: ['Impacted volar articular']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['Radiographic reduction of the joint dislocation']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fracture-dislocations']


abstract: @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) is an antimetabolite chemotherapy, which selectively functions at the S phase of the cell cycle. It is a short-acting agent with a serum half-life of approximately 11 minutes. Increased efficacy with this drug could theoretically be provided by sustained infusion over the doubling time of a @entity5 . @entity43 that recurs or persists after treatment with @entity902 -based chemotherapy has a poor prognosis. This study examines the use of long-term infusional @entity1487 as a salvage chemotherapy for @entity43 . 14 @entity1 with @entity43 were studied. All were stage III or IV disease and all were initially treated with @entity902 -based chemotherapy with either persistence or recurrence of disease. @entity1 received @entity1487 as 300 mg/m2/day via a continuous infusion for a 10-week cycle with discontinuation occurring for severe @entity137 or documented progression. The average infusion per @entity1 was 8 weeks (3-10). Three @entity1 had drug discontinued secondary to @entity137 (severe @entity33 ) and 4 @entity1 had progression prior to the completion of 10 weeks. All @entity1 had progression by the end of the first cycle. The average survival post- @entity1487 was 8.9 months (range: 0.75-22 months). The lack of response in 14 @entity1 indicates that, statistically, the likelihood of an overall response rate of 20% is less than 0.05. Infusional @entity1487 appears to be ineffective as salvage therapy for @entity43 .

title: Ineffectiveness of continuous XXXX as salvage therapy for @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'epithelial ovarian cancer', 'Ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity1487 :: (MESH:D005472,Chemical) :: ['5-fluorouracil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the movement and muscle activation strategies during walking of individuals with @entity626 ( @entity571 ) to determine the influence of @entity121 , medial knee laxity, limb alignment, and self-reported knee instability on knee motion. METHODS: Twenty-eight @entity1 with medial knee @entity571 and 26 control subjects participated. Quadriceps strength, medial knee laxity, and limb alignment were measured. Knee instability (I(KOS) score) was assessed with the Activities of Daily Living Scale of the Knee Outcome Survey. Knee motion and muscle activation patterns were measured with motion analysis. Group differences were detected with independent samples t-tests and predictive relationships were determined with linear and hierarchical regression analyses. RESULTS: Individuals with @entity571 were weaker, had greater medial knee laxity, and had more varus alignment. The @entity571 group used less knee motion and higher muscle co-contraction during weight acceptance and single-limb support. Quadriceps strength and I(KOS) score significantly strengthened the prediction of knee motion during weight acceptance and single-limb support, whereas limb alignment and medial laxity did not. CONCLUSION: The knee stiffening and higher muscle co-contraction used by the @entity571 group may be detrimental to joint integrity. I(KOS) scores predicted knee motion after accounting for @entity121 , underscoring the importance of addressing knee instability with appropriate rehabilitation strategies in @entity1 with medial knee @entity571 in order to promote long-term joint integrity.

title: Influences on knee movement strategies during walking in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['medial knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['quadriceps strength']

answer: @entity626 :: (MESH:D020370,Disease) :: ['medial knee osteoarthritis']


abstract: Donor lymphocyte responses to minor histocompatibility antigen (mHA) differences are involved in allo-responses between HLA matched pairs causing GVHD and graft-versus- @entity1778 (GVL). Since some mHA are tissue-restricted, GVHD and GVL responses may be separable. We studied donor lymphocyte responses to @entity1 with @entity1860 in a series of 10 HLA-matched sibling and 10 unrelated donor-recipient pairs comparing proliferation to recipient @entity8990 blasts and @entity1860 cells and attempting to selectively deplete responses to @entity8990 blasts in vitro. Responses in counts per min (c.p.m) to @entity1860 cells and @entity8990 blasts were, respectively, 2809 +/- 2205 (SD) and 7376 +/- 1877 in related and 12,107 +/- 7191 and 26,136 +/- 22,479 in unrelated pairs. Autologous responses to @entity8990 blasts were significantly lower (mean 779 +/- 735) (p < 0.001). Results correlated with clinical outcome: higher responses to recipient cells correlated with transplant-related @entity204 (p = 0.02 for @entity1860 and p = 0.06 for @entity8990 blasts). Higher responses to @entity1860 correlated with GVHD grade > or = II (p = 0.025). Donor lymphocytes exposed to recipient @entity8990 blasts for 5 days and treated with a ricin-conjugated anti- @entity2902 antibody retained over 75% of their response to @entity1860 but < 10% to @entity8990 blasts. Similarly, depletion of response to @entity1860 but not to @entity8990 blasts occurred when @entity1860 was the primary challenge. These results indicate that distinct populations of donor T cells respond to recipient leukaemic and non-leukaemic cells, and provide the basis for a clinically applicable technique to selectively deplete donor GVHD reacting cells while conserving GVL.

title: Distinct T cell populations distinguish XXXX cells from lymphocytes in the same individual: a model for separating GVHD from GVL reactions.

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

answer: @entity1860 :: (MESH:D015464,Disease) :: ['chronic myeloid leukaemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The efficacy and @entity137 of the MA-COP-B regimen were assessed after outstanding results were reported in @entity4812 ( @entity4812 ) by the Vancouver group. The results are reported according to several proposed prognostic indices, including the recent @entity4059 ( @entity4059 ) Project. METHODS: Forty-seven @entity1 with untreated @entity4812 received MACOP-B chemotherapy. Thirty @entity1 , most of whom had bulky disease, also received consolidative @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). @entity1 characteristics include median age of 42 years, Stage III/IV (57%), bulky or symptomatic @entity34 (43%), elevated lactic dehydrogenase (81%) and at least one extranodal site (72%). RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 3.3 years, overall survival was 57% and freedom from progression (FFP) was 52%. The 3-year FFP data were related to @entity5 extent: 74% for limited stage versus 38% for @entity66 . These data correlated well with four prognostic indices reported in the literature. The @entity4059 index accurately identified low-, intermediate-, and high-risk subgroups. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with limited or low-risk @entity4812 have an excellent prognosis with MACOP-B +/- @entity1161 . These results do not support the use of consolidative high-dose therapy and bone marrow transplantation in @entity1 with limited disease, even if bulky or accompanied by an elevated lactic dehydrogenase. Compared to historical @entity3726 data, MACOP-B +/- @entity1161 does not appear to improve outcome for those @entity1 with poor prognostic features, most of whom will fail. The @entity4059 index is a simple, accurate method of distinguishing high-risk @entity1 who require new therapeutic initiatives.

title: MACOP-B +/- @entity1161 for XXXX . Analysis of the Stanford results according to prognostic indices.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extensive disease']

entities_list: @entity4059 :: ('MESH:D007020', 'Disease') :: ['IPF', 'International Prognostic Factors']

entities_list: @entity1161 :: ('MESH:D011832', 'Disease') :: ['radiation therapy', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity4812 :: ('MESH:D016403', 'Disease') :: ['DLCL', 'diffuse large cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['Stage II disease']

answer: @entity4812 :: (MESH:D016403,Disease) :: ['diffuse large cell lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The syndrome of vital exhaustion (VE), characterized by @entity1295 and @entity146 , may contribute to an increased risk of @entity731 . The aim of the study was to explore sex differences in the interactions of VE with @entity409 and VE with reduced carotid elasticity, the important contributors to the development of early @entity731 , on preclinical @entity731 . METHODS: The @entity1 were 1002 @entity1 and 719 @entity1 aged 24-39 examined in the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study. Vital exhaustion was measured using the Maastricht Questionnaire. Preclinical @entity731 was assessed by carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ), endothelial function was measured by brachial @entity384 ( @entity384 ), and arterial elasticity by carotid artery compliance (CAC) using ultrasound techniques. RESULTS: We found a significant CAC x VE interaction for @entity121 only for the @entity1 . Our results imply that high VE level significantly related to high @entity121 levels among the @entity1 with low CAC, but not among the @entity1 with low CAC or among the @entity1 or @entity1 with high CAC. No significant @entity384 x VE interactions for @entity121 for the @entity1 or @entity1 were found. CONCLUSIONS: High VE may exert an effect on @entity121 for @entity1 with impaired arterial elasticity. The results suggest that high vitally exhausted @entity1 with reduced arterial elasticity are at increased risk of @entity731 in early life and imply @entity1 's decreased stress coping in relation to stressful psychological coronary risk factors.

title: Sex differences in the combined effect of chronic stress with impaired vascular endothelium functioning and the development of early XXXX : the Cardiovascular Risk in Young Finns study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'men']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['irritability']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['FMD', 'flow-mediated dilatation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['atherosclerosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Topical nitrates have been shown to cause @entity842 -mediated relaxation of the internal anal sphincter. Previous reports have suggested initial efficacy in the treatment of anal fissures. The aim of this study was to assess the longer-term usefulness of this treatment. METHODS: Thirty-three @entity1 with an anal fissure were treated with topical 0.3% @entity1242 ointment, applied to the anoderm three times per day and after bowel movements. @entity1 were followed up by office visits and telephone calls until symptoms were completely resolved or treatment was noted to be ineffective or intolerable. RESULTS: Thirty-three @entity1 were treated, 16 with acute fissures, and 17 with chronic fissures. @entity1242 was effective in 9 of 16 acute fissures (56%), and 7 of 17 chronic fissures (41%). Even when effective, 75% of @entity1 reported an adverse reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Topical @entity1242 was only effective in approximately one-half of @entity1 with an anal fissure. There was a very high incidence of adverse reactions. In our experience @entity1242 more often causes a @entity10 than treats the symptoms of anal fissure.

title: @entity1242 ointment for anal fissures: effective treatment or just a XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitroglycerin', 'nitroglycerin']

answer: @entity10 :: (MESH:D006261,Disease) :: ['headache']


abstract: Vasectomy was performed on inbred Lewis @entity35 to induce anti-sperm autoantibodies and to identify their cognate autoantigens. Different detergent extracts of cauda epididymal spermatozoa were separated by @entity3208 - @entity2975 gel electrophoresis ( @entity214 -PAGE), blotted to nitrocellulose, and probed with sera from pre-vasectomy, post-vasectomy, and hyperimmunized animals to detect isologous sperm antigens. Nonreduced @entity214 -soluble autoantigens at greater than 200, 86, 43, and 26 kDa were bound by post-vasectomy antisera. Reduction of @entity214 -soluble antigens resulted in increased staining of the 86, 72-63, and 43 kDa autoantigens. Laemmli extraction of @entity214 insoluble pellets with @entity5643 generated the largest repertoire of autoantigens including several autoantigens found in @entity214 -soluble extracts. Therefore, to analyze the entire repertoire of post-vasectomy autoantigens, whole sperm were extracted with Laemmli buffer under reducing conditions. Autoantiserum from most vasectomized animals bound Laemmli-extracted reduced autoantigens of approximately 86 (89-78), 63, 43, and 20 (21-16) kDa. Testicular extracts, reduced and separated by @entity214 -PAGE, contained autoantigens of 76, 60, and 42 kDa that were also recognized by hyperimmune and post-vasectomy antisera. The repertoire of sperm antigens recognized by pooled serum from hyperimmunized animals was similar to the cumulative repertoire recognized by post-vasectomy sera. These studies define several major sperm autoimmunogens recognized by post-vasectomy antisera and indicate that many of these peptide autoimmunogens are @entity1520 -bonded complexes.

title: Post-vasectomy sperm autoimmunogens in the Lewis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

entities_list: @entity2975 :: ('CHEBI:51135', 'Chemical') :: ['polyacrylamide']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity5643 :: ('CHEBI:41218', 'Chemical') :: ['beta-mercaptoethanol']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Persistent sub-threshold @entity308 are important because almost all @entity1 who experience symptoms for more than 2  years go on to develop major @entity308 episodes. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in the United Kingdom recommends research into the efficacy of @entity1 centred counselling and low-intensity cognitive behavioural therapy for persistent sub-threshold and mild @entity308 . METHODS/DESIGN: A two-arm, parallel group, pilot randomised trial to test the key components of trial delivery. The @entity1 will be 50 @entity1 with the diagnosis of persistent sub-threshold @entity308 and mild @entity308 , recruited at five general practices in Glasgow, Scotland. Eligible @entity1 will be randomised to receive either @entity1 -Centred Counselling (PCC) or Low-Intensity Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (LI-CBT). The primary outcome measures are recruitment, adherence and retention rates at six months from baseline. The secondary outcome measures are changes at 6  months on GRID-HAMD-17; recovery from, or prevention of, @entity308 according to DSM-IV diagnosis at 6  months; changes at 6  months on the PHQ-9, WSAS, EQ5D, and SF12v2 MH Enhanced. We will provide estimates, with adequate precision, to help design future studies, of the recruitment rate and the proportion followed-up at 6  months; and identify potential moderators of outcome. DISCUSSION: Evidence of comparative effectiveness of commonly used psychological treatments such as @entity1 -centred counselling and low intensity cognitive behavioural therapy is lacking in @entity1 with sub-threshold and mild @entity308 . This study will provide the information needed to construct a trial comparing these two treatments. This would help to inform early intervention treatment strategies for these conditions. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN Register ID: ISRCTN60972025.

title: Counselling versus Low-Intensity Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for persistent sub-threshold and mild XXXX (CLICD): study protocol for a pilot/feasibility randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Person', 'patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive symptoms', 'depression', 'depressive']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Preoperative assessment of anterior communicating artery (AcoA) @entity439 with @entity1779 is common, but not without risk. Computed tomography angiography (CTA) is a widely available imaging modality that provides quick acquisition, low morbidity, and low cost. One disadvantage is that it does not provide dynamic information. In this study, the authors sought to determine whether CTA alone can reliably predict the inflow dominance to an AcoA @entity439 . METHODS: Eighty-three @entity1 with @entity438 were reviewed retrospectively. Only those @entity1 with both preoperative CTA and cerebral angiogram were included, thus excluding six @entity1 . Four independent observers reviewed the CTAs and attempted to identify the dominant A1. Additionally, three mathematical models were created to identify the dominant A1. These responses were compared to cerebral angiograms. RESULTS: Four observers were correct in judging the dominant A1 an average of 93% of the time. Seventeen cases were read incorrectly by only one of four observers, and three cases were read incorrectly by two observers. For cases with incorrect readings, the average percentage difference in A1 sizes was 19.6%. For cases read unanimously correct, the average percentage difference in A1 sizes was 42.7%. Mathematical model #3 correctly evaluated the dominant A1 in 97% of the cases. CONCLUSIONS: This study found CT angiograms can be reliable in predicting the inflow dominance to the majority of AcoA @entity439 .

title: Anterior communicating XXXX : Accuracy of CT angiography in determination of inflow dominance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral angiography']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured AcoA aneurysms']

answer: @entity438 :: (MESH:D002532,Disease) :: ['artery aneurysm']


abstract: Eighty cases of anterior chest wall deformities were reviewed. The group consisted of 47 @entity1 with pectus carinatum and 33 @entity1 with @entity1408 . This 1.4:1 distribution has not been reported in the literature, where a 1:10 distribution is regularly cited. Important bronchopulmonary changes were found by chest x-rays in both groups. Formerly, alterations in @entity1408 were attributed to the mechanical effect of the depressed sternum. The presence of the same symptoms and bronchopulmonary radiographic changes in @entity1 with pectus carinatum suggests a primary @entity358 in both entities. However, bronchopulmonary changes were more prominent in @entity1 with @entity1408 than in @entity1 with carinatum, which suggests that mechanical compression enhances the problem. Postoperative radiologic improvement was similar in both groups. The @entity1 underwent a surgical procedure that included a @entity1844 . All @entity1 survived. There were two recurrences. Considerable postoperative overgrowth of the unresected second costal cartilages was observed, hence our recommendation for routine removal of these structures. The habitus of prominent abdomen and stooped shoulders was not modified by the operation, but important symptomatic improvement and some radiologic improvement were observed in both groups.

title: Pectus carinatum and XXXX : are they the same disease?

entities_list: @entity1844 :: ('MESH:D002357', 'Disease') :: ['sternal osteotomy and a complete removal of the costal cartilages']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary defect']

entities_list: @entity1408 :: ('MESH:D005660', 'Disease') :: ['pectus excavatum']

answer: @entity1408 :: (MESH:D005660,Disease) :: ['pectus excavatum']


abstract: Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolases (XTHs) are cell wall enzymes that are able to graft xyloglucan chains to oligosaccharides or to other available xyloglucan chains and/or to hydrolyse xyloglucan chains. As they are involved in the modification of the load-bearing cell-wall components, they are believed to be very important in the regulation of growth and development. Given the large number (33) of XTH genes in @entity958 and the overlapping expression patterns, specific enzymic properties may be expected. Five predominantly root-expressed @entity958 XTHs belonging to subgroup I/II were analysed here. These represent two sets of closely related genes: @entity25172 and 13 on the one hand (trichoblast-enriched) and @entity25173 , 18, and 19 on the other (expressed in nearly all cell types in the root). They were all recombinantly produced in the @entity375 @entity10056 and partially purified by @entity4859 precipitation before they were subsequently all subjected to a series of identical in vitro tests. The kinetic properties of purified @entity25174 were investigated in greater detail to rule out interference with the assays by contaminating @entity375 proteins. All five proteins were found to exhibit only the endotransglucosylase (XET; EC 2.4.1.207) activity towards xyloglucan and non-detectable endohydrolytic (XEH; EC 3.2.1.151) activity. Their endotransglucosylase activity was preferentially directed towards xyloglucan and, in some cases, water-soluble cellulose @entity598 , rather than to mixed-linkage b-glucan. Isoforms differed in optimum pH (5.0-7.5), in temperature dependence and in acceptor substrate preferences.

title: Differences in enzymic properties of five recombinant xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH) proteins of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4859 :: ('CHEBI:62946', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium sulphate']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana', 'Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity10056 :: ('4922', 'Species') :: ['Pichia pastoris']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis thaliana']


abstract: PURPOSE: The Remeex (Mechanical External Regulation) sling is a mid-urethral sling that allows adjustment of the sling tension in the postoperative period. We evaluated the early outcomes of the procedure in @entity1 in whom the success rate of tension-free slings is low, such as with @entity1690 ( @entity1690 ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 17 @entity1 with urodynamically proven stress @entity322 (SUI) who underwent the Remeex procedure and were followed for at least 12 months. The @entity1 were considered to have @entity1690 on the basis of a Valsalva leak point pressure (VLPP) <60 cm @entity2507 or a maximum urethral closure pressure (MUCP) <20 cm @entity2507 . We analyzed parameters including history taking, urodynamic study (UDS), and postoperative clinical outcomes. @entity1 's success and satisfaction rates were evaluated after the procedure. Also, we asked about lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTSs) with a questionnaire, and the severity of LUTSs was assessed with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) before and 12 months after the operation. RESULTS: The @entity1 ' mean age was 55.6+/-9.58 years. Four (23.5%) @entity1 had mixed @entity322 . Five @entity1 (29.4%) had undergone previous surgery for SUI. At a mean follow-up of 13.3 months (range, 12-16 months), 14 @entity1 (82.3%) were cured and 3 @entity1 (17.6%) were improved. Four @entity1 (23.5%) answered very satisfied and 13 @entity1 (76.4%) answered satisfied on the satisfaction questionnaire. Also, LUTSs were improved except @entity158 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This procedure provides high cure and satisfaction rates. Our results demonstrate that the Remeex procedure is suitable for @entity1 with SUI with @entity1690 .

title: Readjustable sling procedure for the treatment of female stress XXXX with @entity1690 : preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1690 :: ('MESH:D046628', 'Disease') :: ['ISD', 'intrinsic sphincter deficiency']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['voiding pain']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity581 are the most preferred choice of therapy against serious infections in @entity1 . Therefore, its use in animal husbandry has been strictly regulated in the EU, UK, and USA to avoid the hazards of @entity5292 resistance in gut microflora. Nevertheless, @entity581 are recommended for prophylaxis and therapeutics in food animals and agriculture owing to its bactericidal nature. In the recent past, the global surge in @entity5292 -resistant @entity880 bacteria (LAB) from food sources has been noticed that might question its continued use in animal husbandry. Upon antibiotic administration, a selective pressure is created in the gut environment; in such instances, LAB could act as reservoirs of antibiotic resistance which may facilitate their transfer to pathogenic organisms contradicting its probiotic and industrial significance. This may be a risk to @entity1 health as the presence of one @entity5292 resistance gene renders the bacteria tolerant to almost all antibiotics of the same class, thereby challenging its therapeutic efficacy. Low doses of @entity581 are recommended in farm animals due to its toxic nature and insolubility in blood. However, recent investigations indicate that use of @entity581 in sub-lethal concentrations can trigger the selection and conjugal transfer of @entity5292 resistance in probiotic LAB. Resistance to @entity2929 , @entity2930 , and @entity2887 in LAB were reported earlier to which immediate regulatory measures were adopted by some countries. @entity2121 , lack of regulations on antibiotic use in farms in most developing countries makes them a potential source of antibiotic resistance and its uncontrolled spread around the globe. The prevalence of @entity5292 resistance was observed in enterococci from food origin earlier; however, its emergence in lactobacilli and pediococci suggests its spread in probiotic cultures which prompts immediate precautionary methods. This review highlights the emergence and hazards of @entity5292 -resistant LAB which is in prime commercial demand both for preparing fermented food and also pharma-based therapeutics. It further focuses on the mode of @entity5292 resistance and its occurrence in food-grade LAB, thus relating to its role in worldwide transfer via the food chain in spite of its limited use as compared to other antibiotics.

title: Emerging resistance to @entity581 in XXXX bacteria of food origin-an impending menace.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2930 :: ('MESH:D013754', 'Chemical') :: ['tetracyclines']

entities_list: @entity2929 :: ('MESH:D004917', 'Chemical') :: ['erythromycin']

entities_list: @entity5292 :: ('D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

entities_list: @entity2121 :: ('MESH:D019320', 'Disease') :: ['Paradoxically']

entities_list: @entity2887 :: ('MESH:D024841', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoroquinolones']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactic acid']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['Aminoglycosides', 'aminoglycosides']

answer: @entity880 :: (MESH:D019344,Chemical) :: ['lactic acid']


abstract: Insulin-receptor @entity669 kinase can phosphorylate a variety of artificial substrates in vitro. Its physiological substrate(s), however, remains unknown. In the present study, we show that immobilized insulin receptors phosphorylate @entity669 residues of two cytosolic proteins of 50 kDa and 35 kDa in @entity35 liver. Phosphorylation of these two proteins required @entity3281 - or @entity1025 - @entity855 as the @entity1391 donor. Phosphorylation was time- and temperature-dependent. Furthermore, the rate of phosphorylation of the two proteins was related to the autophosphorylated state of the @entity8683 . The pI of the phosphorylated 50 kDa and 35 kDa proteins was 5.4 and 5.6 respectively. These proteins were present in low abundance. They were not related to each other, nor to the @entity8683 , as demonstrated by in-gel proteolytic digestion and by immunoprecipitation using antibodies produced against them. They were specific substrates for the @entity8683 kinase, since they were not phosphorylated by epidermal-growth-factor-receptor kinase. These observations suggest that the 50 kDa and 35 kDa cytosolic proteins may be endogenous substrates for the insulin-receptor kinase.

title: XXXX phosphorylation of two cytosolic proteins of 50 kDa and 35 kDa in @entity35 liver by insulin-receptor kinase in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity669 :: (CHEBI:18186,Chemical) :: ['Tyrosine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity64 , @entity583 ( @entity583 ), and @entity204 are complications of @entity2998 ( @entity2998 ). The effect of baseline @entity1 demographic factors, processes of care, and technical factors during @entity2998 on the risk of @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 within 30 days of @entity2998 in the International Carotid Stenting Study (ICSS) were investigated. METHODS: In ICSS, suitable @entity1 with recently symptomatic @entity543 > 50% were randomly allocated to @entity2998 or endarterectomy. Factors influencing the risk of @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 within 30 days of @entity2998 were examined in a regression model for the 828 @entity1 randomized to @entity2998 in whom the procedure was initiated. RESULTS: Of the @entity1 , 7.4% suffered @entity64 , @entity583 , or @entity204 within 30 days of @entity2998 . Independent predictors of risk were age (risk ratio [RR] 1.17 per 5 years of age, 95% CI 1.01-1.37), a right-sided procedure (RR 0.54, 95% CI 0.32-0.91), @entity117 and @entity1397 in combination prior to @entity2998 (compared with any other antiplatelet regimen, RR 0.59, 95% CI 0.36-0.98), smoking status, and the severity of index event. In @entity1 in whom a stent was deployed, use of an open-cell stent conferred higher risk than use of a closed-cell stent (RR 1.92, 95% CI 1.11-3.33). Cerebral protection device (CPD) use did not modify the risk. CONCLUSIONS: Selection of @entity1 for @entity2998 should take into account symptoms, age, and side of the procedure. The results favour the use of closed-cell stents. CPDs in ICSS did not protect against @entity64 .

title: Predictors of XXXX , @entity583 or @entity204 within 30 Days of Carotid Artery Stenting: Results from the International Carotid Stenting Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenting', 'CAS']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid stenosis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Stroke']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The effects of exogenous @entity2518 ( @entity6053 ) on photosynthesis, plant growth, and the expression of two @entity6054 genes in @entity523 seedlings under control and salinity conditions were investigated. Exogenous @entity6053 application significantly improved net photosynthetic rate (Pn), total @entity38 content, and plant biomass accumulation of @entity523 seedlings under salinity stress. As revealed by real-time PCR analyses, after treatment with @entity6053 alone, expression of both @entity6055 and LePIP2 in the two @entity523 cultivars was up-regulated at 2 h and subsequently decreased to normal levels. Under salinity stress, transcript levels of @entity6055 in both leaves and roots of salt-sensitive cultivars (cv. Zhongza No.9) increased significantly and were considerably higher than in cultivars exposed to @entity6053 alone. In contrast, the expression levels of @entity6055 and LePIP2 in cvs. Jinpeng No.1 cultivars were slightly lower under salinity stress than under @entity6053 treatment. In addition, transcript levels of both @entity6055 and LePIP2 in the roots of Jinpeng No. 1 cultivars were considerably lower than those in the roots of Zhongza No. 9 cultivars under salinity stress, regardless of @entity6053 supplementation, implying that Jinpeng No. 1 cultivars had a better capacity to maintain membrane intrinsic protein stability. Further, @entity6053 application distinctly counteracted the up- or down-regulation of @entity6055 and LePIP2 in both cultivars under salinity stress, in accordance with the improvements instomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and Pn of @entity523 leaves. The results presented here indicate that @entity6053 controls @entity6054 expression, thus, presumably @entity6053 regulates water homeostasis and enhances salt tolerance of @entity523 seedlings.

title: Effects of exogenous XXXX on photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and PIP gene expression of @entity523 seedlings subject to salinity stress.

entities_list: @entity2518 :: ('CHEBI:17549', 'Chemical') :: ['5-aminolevulinic acid']

entities_list: @entity38 :: ('MESH:D002734', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorophyll']

answer: @entity2518 :: (CHEBI:17549,Chemical) :: ['5-aminolevulinic acid']


abstract: The article shows the results of treatment of 20 @entity1 (aged from 46 to 85 years old) with early oral @entity1544 at the period from April 2009 to January 2011. The surgery included the resection of @entity5 and neck dissection in all the @entity1 . The @entity5 was removed by mouth access in 10 @entity1 and combined method was used in 10 cases. The selective neck dissection was carried out in 22 cases. The @entity1697 wounds were closed primarily by local flaps in 10 @entity1 , some small residual defects were left open in 3 cases. The reconstructions with remote skin-muscular infrahyoid flap were performed in 7 @entity1 . The free revascularized radial skin-fascia flap was used in 3 cases. A follow-up period was from 24 to 44 months. The primary local regional control consisted of 85% in given group of @entity1 . The rate of recurrence of the second primary @entity5 was 15%. @entity5 were located in the @entity1697 . Overall 3-year survival was 90% (18 out of 20 @entity1 ).

title: [Results of surgical treatment of XXXX cancer T1-2N0M0].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1544 :: ('MESH:D018307', 'Disease') :: ['cavity squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['metachronous tumor', 'Tumors', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral cavity']

answer: @entity1697 :: (MESH:D009062,Disease) :: ['oral cavity']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 71-year-old @entity1 with a right @entity703 underwent nephrectomy. The procedure was converted from laparoscopy to open surgery due to profound @entity548 from the renal vein. Pathological diagnosis was @entity1358 G2pT3b v1 ly1 INFa. Three years after surgery, a 5 cm @entity5 in the abdominal wall was found on computed tomography (CT). A mild uptake was shown on positron emission tomography/CT and as the @entity5 was located near the surgical wound, recurrence of the @entity1358 was suspected. However, @entity765 was suggested by the pathological examination of the @entity5 biopsy. En-bloc resection of the mass was carried out and the pathological examination showed an array of proliferating and tangling atypical spindle-shaped @entity5 cells. Immunohistochemical staining of the @entity5 cells was positive for @entity2277 , but negative for @entity2280 , @entity2467 , and s100. Pathological diagnosis was @entity765 . There has been no recurrence so far. @entity765 , despite its extremely low incidence, should be considered in a postoperative @entity5 .

title: [A Case of Abdominal Wall Desmoid Tumor after Radical Nephrectomy for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity765 :: ('MESH:D018222', 'Disease') :: ['desmoid tumor', 'Desmoid tumor']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma', 'clear cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumor']

answer: @entity703 :: (MESH:D007680,Disease) :: ['Renal Cancer']


abstract: Enterotoxigenic @entity526 (ETEC) is the leading cause of traveler's @entity294 . The heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) toxins mediate ETEC induced @entity294 . ETEC strains may express LT, ST, or both LT and ST, with LT-expressing strains accounting for approximately 50-60% of ETEC-related traveler's @entity294 . Cholera toxin (CT) is >80% homologous to LT and vaccination with @entity12338 subunit ( @entity12338 ) -based vaccines elicit a protective immune response against LT-producing ETEC strains. @entity16456 is an oral, single-dose, live-attenuated cholera vaccine candidate that has been investigated in several clinical trials (n>400 subjects) and was proven well tolerated, immunogenic, and efficacious. @entity16456 was genetically engineered to express and secrete high levels of @entity12338 by cloning ctxB onto a glnA balanced-lethal plasmid under the transcriptional control of a strong constitutive promoter, resulting in Peru-15pCTB. In vitro characterization demonstrated that Peru-15pCTB secreted approximately 30-fold more @entity12338 than @entity16456 and @entity12338 was stably produced after 40 generations of growth and throughout simulated Seed Bank and FDP (Final Drug Product) production conditions. In preclinical studies, the geometric mean anti- @entity12338 IgG titer in the sera of @entity19 inoculated intranasally with two doses of Peru-15pCTB was >32-fold higher than in @entity19 inoculated with @entity16456 . Similarly, @entity95 orally inoculated with a single dose of Peru-15pCTB developed titers that were approximately 30-fold higher than @entity95 inoculated with a single dose of @entity16456 . Sera from Peru-15pCTB vaccinated @entity19 and @entity95 neutralized LT @entity137 in an in vitro assay. Peru-15pCTB has several promising characteristics of an oral, single-dose, bivalent cholera/ETEC vaccine and is advancing towards a Phase 1 clinical trial.

title: Construction and preclinical evaluation of recombinant XXXX expressing high levels of the cholera toxin B subunit as a vaccine against enterotoxigenic @entity526 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

answer: @entity16456 :: (MESH:C497037,Chemical) :: ['Peru-15']


abstract: The efficacy and side-effects of @entity859 for treatment of @entity943 were compared to @entity1855 therapy in @entity1 presenting to the emergency room. Clinical variables and the time interval from the initiation of treatment to the termination of the @entity4710 , as well as the time from the initial effective dose of medication to the termination of @entity4710 were compared for @entity859 and @entity1855 . @entity859 was given to a total of 44 @entity1 , 16 @entity1 in the electrophysiology laboratory, and 28 @entity1 in the emergency room for evaluation and termination of their @entity591 . In the electrophysiology laboratory, 7 @entity1 had AV node reentry, 5 had @entity3153 , 2 of whom had @entity955 but no bypass tract reentry, 1 had concealed bypass tract reentry, 1 had @entity14336 , 1 had intraatrial reentry, and 1 had an automatic @entity591 . Twenty-five @entity1 received @entity859 in the emergency room and 3 @entity1 in the hospital for 31 episodes of @entity943 . In the emergency room, 11 @entity1 had @entity4710 due to AV node reentry, 3 had @entity3153 , 6 had @entity956 or intra-atrial re-entry, 2 had @entity1165 , and 3 had @entity7129 . In the hospital, 2 @entity1 had @entity956 and one had @entity7129 . The group of 14 @entity1 with @entity4710 due to @entity3153 or AV node reentry presenting in the emergency room were compared in a retrospective manner to the @entity1 treated with standard @entity1855 therapy with respect to time from initiation of therapy to termination of @entity4710 and time from effective dose of medication to the termination of @entity4710 , as well as side-effects. There was no significant difference between the two groups with respect to clinical variables. @entity859 converted 18 of 18 episodes of @entity4710 in 14 @entity1 24.6 +/- 9.6 seconds from the administration of the effective dose (0.104 +/- 0.024 mg/kg) and a mean of 4.4 +/- 2.0 minutes from the initiation of therapy. @entity1855 converted 29 of 32 episodes of @entity4710 in 20 @entity1 , 10.9 +/- 7 minutes from the administration of the effective dose, and a mean of 16.8 +/- 20 minutes from the initiation of therapy using a mean of 8.4 +/- 3.4 mg of IV @entity1855 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: @entity859 : a clinical experience and comparison with XXXX for the termination of @entity4710 .

entities_list: @entity859 :: ('MESH:D000241', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine', 'Adenosine']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil', 'Verapamil']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity956 :: ('MESH:D001282', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial flutter and fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity3153 :: ('MESH:D014927', 'Disease') :: ['Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity14336 :: ('MESH:D008151', 'Disease') :: ['Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome']

answer: @entity1855 :: (MESH:D014700,Chemical) :: ['verapamil']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Disc herniations at the L1-L2 and L2-L3 levels are different from those at lower levels of the lumbar spine with regard to clinical characteristics and surgical outcome. Spinal canals are narrower than those of lower levels, which may compromise multiple spinal nerve roots or conus medullaris. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical features and surgical outcomes of @entity890 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical features of 41 @entity1 who had undergone surgery for single disc herniations at the L1-L2 and L2-3 levels from 1998 to 2007. The affected levels were L1-L2 in 14 @entity1 and L2-L3 in 27 @entity1 . Presenting symptoms and signs, @entity1 characteristics, radiologic findings, operative methods, and surgical outcomes were investigated. RESULTS: The mean age of @entity1 with @entity1798 was 55.5 years (ranged 31 to 78). The mean follow-up period was 16.6 months. Most @entity1 @entity615 (38 @entity1 , 92%), and radiating @entity158 in areas such as the anterior or anterolateral aspect of the thigh (32 @entity1 , 78%). Weakness of lower extremities was observed in 16 @entity1 (39%) and @entity132 was presented in 19 @entity1 (46%). Only 6 @entity1 (14%) had undergone previous lumbar disc surgery. Discectomy was performed using three methods : unilateral laminectomy in 27 cases, bilateral laminectomy in 3 cases, and the transdural approach in 11 cases, which were performed through total laminectomy in 10 cases and unilateral laminectomy in 1 case. With regard to surgical outcomes, preoperative symptoms improved significantly in 33 @entity1 (80.5%), partially in 7 @entity1 (17%), and were aggravated in 1 @entity1 (2.5%). CONCLUSION: Clinical features of disc herniations at the L1-L2 and L2-L3 levels were variable, and localized sensory change or @entity158 was rarely demonstrated. In most cases, the discectomy was performed successfully by conventional posterior laminectomy. On the other hand, in large central broad based disc herniation, when the neural elements are severely compromised, the posterior transdural approach could be an alternative.

title: Clinical features and treatments of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['sensory disturbance']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['complained of back and buttock pain']

entities_list: @entity1798 :: ('MESH:C535531', 'Disease') :: ['upper lumbar disc']

entities_list: @entity890 :: ('MESH:D007405', 'Disease') :: ['upper lumbar disc herniations']

answer: @entity890 :: (MESH:D007405,Disease) :: ['upper lumbar disc herniations']


abstract: Mutations in myocilin cause an inherited form of open @entity726 , a prevalent @entity179 associated with @entity2790 . Myocilin forms part of the trabecular meshwork extracellular matrix presumed to regulate intraocular pressure. Missense mutations, clustered in the olfactomedin (OLF) domain of myocilin, render the protein prone to aggregation in the endoplasmic reticulum of trabecular meshwork cells, causing cell dysfunction and @entity204 . Cellular studies have demonstrated temperature-sensitive secretion of myocilin mutants, but difficulties in expression and purification have precluded biophysical characterization of wild-type (wt) myocilin and disease-causing mutants in vitro. We have overcome these limitations by purifying wt and select @entity726 -causing mutant ( @entity24186 , @entity24187 , @entity24188 , @entity24189 ) forms of the OLF domain (228-504) fused to a @entity11231 ( @entity11231 ) from @entity526 . Monomeric fusion proteins can be isolated in solution. To determine the relative stability of wt and mutant OLF domains, we developed a fluorescence thermal stability assay without removal of @entity11231 and provide the first direct evidence that mutated OLF is folded but less thermally stable than wt. We tested the ability of seven chemical chaperones to stabilize mutant myocilin. Only @entity17842 and @entity6633 were capable of shifting the melting temperature of all mutants tested to near that of wt OLF. Our work lays the foundation for the identification of tailored small molecules capable of stabilizing mutant myocilin and promoting secretion to the extracellular matrix, to better control intraocular pressure and to ultimately delay the onset of @entity726 .

title: Rescue of XXXX -causing mutant myocilin thermal stability by chemical chaperones.

entities_list: @entity6633 :: ('MESH:C005855', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethylamine N-oxide']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma', 'angle glaucoma', 'myocilin glaucoma']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['increased intraocular pressure']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorder']

entities_list: @entity11231 :: ('MESH:C563602', 'Disease') :: ['MBP', 'maltose binding protein']

entities_list: @entity17842 :: ('CHEBI:57433', 'Chemical') :: ['sarcosine']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: @entity13904 is an uncommon @entity5 of soft tissue and bone that may rarely occur in the liver, lung and the head and neck. We present five new cases of @entity13904 of the head and neck region diagnosed and managed in one institution in order to define the phenotypic characteristics, @entity13712 immunohistochemical staining and the biological outcome. @entity13712 is a transmembrane mucoprotein selectively expressed in lymphatic endothelium and recently in some @entity1350 . The @entity1 were comprised of two male and three female @entity1 ranging in age from 4 to 71 years. The lesions were found in the @entity1464 , submandibular region soft tissue, nasal cavity and tongue, and ranged in size from 0.7 to 2.5 cm. All @entity5 manifested infiltrative cords and nests of epithelioid cells with occasional spindle morphology in a @entity4494 . Immunohistochemical analysis of vascular and epithelial markers showed strong and uniform cytoplasmic reactivity for @entity13712 and variable intensity and staining of @entity2279 and lack of cytokeratin staining in @entity5 cells. Surgical treatment included simple and wide local excisions. Of the three @entity1 with follow-up, one developed lymph node @entity3 and one had no evidence of disease 10 months after surgery. The @entity1 with multiple recurrences and LN @entity3 was additionally treated with chemotherapy and is under consideration for radiation therapy. @entity8146 of the head and neck is: (1) a low-grade malignancy with a tendency for local recurrence and regional lymph node @entity3 , (2) complete excision with negative margins is the treatment of choice for @entity66 and (3) @entity13712 may be useful in differentiating @entity13904 from @entity5 .

title: XXXX of the head and neck: role of @entity13712 in the differential diagnosis.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['localized disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vascular tumor', 'non-vascular tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity4494 :: ('MESH:D045888', 'Disease') :: ['myxoid stroma']

entities_list: @entity1350 :: ('MESH:D019043', 'Disease') :: ['vascular neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity13712 :: ('10630', 'Gene') :: ['Podoplanin', 'podoplanin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity13904 :: ('MESH:D018323', 'Disease') :: ['Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma', 'epithelioid hemangioendothelioma']

entities_list: @entity8146 :: ('MESH:D006390', 'Disease') :: ['Hemangioendothelioma']

answer: @entity13904 :: (MESH:D018323,Disease) :: ['Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma']


abstract: @entity14333 is a deadly disease that can be intentionally reintroduced into the @entity1 population as a bioweapon. While host gene expression microarray profiling can be used to detect @entity281 , the analysis of this information using unsupervised and supervised classification techniques can produce contradictory results. Here, we present a novel computational approach to incorporate molecular genome annotation features that are key for identifying early @entity281 biomarkers (EIB). Our analysis identified 58 EIBs expressed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) collected from 21 cynomolgus macaques ( @entity5434 ) infected with two variola strains via aerosol and intravenous exposure. The level of expression of these EIBs was correlated with disease progression and severity. No overlap between the EIBs co-expression and protein interaction data reported in public databases was found. This suggests that a pathogen-specific re-organization of the gene expression and protein interaction networks occurs during @entity281 . To identify potential genome-wide protein interactions between variola and @entity1 , we performed a protein domain analysis of all @entity14333 and @entity1 proteins. We found that only 55 of the 161 protein domains in @entity14333 are also present in the @entity1 genome. These co-occurring domains are mostly represented in proteins involved in @entity1003 , complement activation, @entity7499 , @entity32 , and hormone transport. Several of these proteins are within the EIBs category and suggest potential new targets for the development of therapeutic countermeasures.

title: Transcriptional interactions during XXXX @entity281 and identification of early @entity281 biomarkers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity7499 :: ('MESH:D016510', 'Disease') :: ['angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['Macaca fascicularis']

entities_list: @entity14333 :: ('10255', 'Species') :: ['smallpox', 'Smallpox']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['blood coagulation']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity14333 :: (10255,Species) :: ['smallpox']


abstract: Increases in cardiac activity induce autoregulatory coronary vasodilation. The intermediate steps which trigger this process are thought to be @entity296 which induces the release of vasodilator mediator(s). The present study examines the relationships between mechanical activity, @entity26 tension, and release of vasodilator material in isolated perfused hearts. @entity840 isolated hearts were perfused in series, the effluent from donor hearts being regassed prior to entry to recipient hearts. @entity112 (1 microgram) and @entity3044 (10 ng) increased the rate and tension of donor hearts and produced predominant coronary vasodilator responses which were followed by the appearance of vasodilator material in the recipient (falls in perfusion pressure, 9.8 +/- 1.1 and 9.1 +/- 2.5 mmHg) (1 mmHg = 133.322 Pa). Exposure of donor hearts to @entity519 also caused vasodilatation and release of vasodilator material (fall in pressure, 11.4 +/- 1.6 mmHg). Pacing-induced @entity591 (6 Hz) of donor hearts promoted the release of vasodilator material, the fall in recipient heart pressure being 11.5 +/- 1.8 mmHg. This was abolished by beta-adrenoceptor blockade and when donor hearts were from @entity2515 -pretreated @entity840 . In was concluded that pacing released endogenous @entity2661 which in turn released the vasodilator material. Pacing per se did not cause vasodilatation or release of the vasodilator. The @entity4095 of perfusates from donor hearts was reduced by pacing at 5 Hz (25.7 +/- 5.2 mmHg) and by @entity3044 (10 ng, 32.0 +/- 3.7 mmHg), indicative of an elevated @entity26 extraction. The @entity3044 -induced falls in @entity4095 were abolished by beta-adrenoceptor blockade. However, the pacing-induced falls in @entity4095 persisted, the values occurring before (25.7 +/- 5.2 mmHg) and after @entity1169 (45.7 +/- 4.5 mmHg) and before (32.1 +/- 1.1 mmHg) and after @entity6310 (27.3 +/- 4.1 mmHg) not differing significantly (p greater than 0.05). These falls in perfusate @entity4095 were not accompanied by coronary vasodilatation or release of vasoactive material. Perfusate @entity4095 changes could therefore be dissociated from the coronary vasodilatation and vasoactive material release, suggesting that @entity519 may not be a prerequisite for the metabolic autoregulatory vasodilatation in response to @entity296 induced by cardiac stimulants.

title: Relationships between cardiac hyperactivity, XXXX tension, and release of vasodilator material in coronary autoregulation of @entity840 hearts.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial hypoxia', 'myocardial hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity2515 :: ('MESH:D012110', 'Chemical') :: ['reserpine']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity840 :: ('10141', 'Species') :: ['Guinea-pig', 'guinea pigs']

entities_list: @entity6310 :: ('MESH:D011217', 'Chemical') :: ['practolol']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['Histamine']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity2661 :: ('MESH:D002395', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamines']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: A case of dissection with @entity715 of the subrenal abdominal aorta after @entity130 led to @entity451 and @entity1621 of the lower limbs in addition to acute abdominal signs. A review of the recent literature (1982-1993) revealed 32 reported cases. The @entity1 were predominantly male and most often victims of an automobile accident (18 cases) or crushing @entity130 (6 cases). The clinical picture associated diverse degrees of abdominal signs, ischaemia and @entity3481 of the lower limbs. The diagnosis was established immediately on D0 in only 18 cases, early on days 1 to 7 in 4 cases and was late (day 8 to day 30) in 5 cases or very late (beyond day 30) in 6 cases. The difficulty in immediate diagnosis was related to the absent or incomplete vascular symptomatology or the late onset of the first signs. When a lesion of the aorta was suspected, an arteriography, angioscanner or peroperative exploration led to diagnosis. Neurological signs were frequent (10 cases including 8 with @entity451 ) and generally related to ischaemia of the peripheral nerves. They may lead to denate from the diagnosis of @entity455 . Fractures of the intima (17 cases) was the most frequent @entity2333 which also involved @entity174 of the media in a number of cases. Dissection was associated in 7 cases and complete or partial @entity715 of the aorta in 7. @entity2849 observed in 6 cases are the usual pathological form in cases of late diagnosis. Nearly all of the lesions were subrenal. Damage to abdominal organs was frequently observed.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX and dissection of the abdominal aorta after closed @entity130 . Apropos of a case. Current review of the literature (1982-1993)].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity3481 :: ('MESH:D015417', 'Disease') :: ['sensorial-motor impairment']

entities_list: @entity2333 :: ('MESH:D001018', 'Disease') :: ['aortic lesion']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1621 :: ('MESH:C563492', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['False aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['blunt trauma', 'trauma']

answer: @entity451 :: (MESH:C536857,Disease) :: ['Paraplegia']


abstract: We have used frequency domain fluorescence techniques to resolve the component emission spectra for several two @entity2340 containing proteins (e.g., @entity1641 liver @entity167 dehydrogenase, @entity10253 apomyoglobin, @entity375 @entity10254 kinase, apoazurin from Alcaligenes denitricans). We have first performed multifrequency phase/modulation measurements and have found the fluorescence of each of these proteins to be described by a double exponential. Then, using phase-sensitive detection and the algorithm of Gratton and Jameson [Gratton, E., _ Jameson, D. M. (1985) Anal. Chem. 57, 1694-1697], we have determined the emission spectrum associated with each decay time for these proteins. We have compared these phase-resolved spectra with the fractional contributions of the component fluorophores determined by selective solute quenching experiments. Reasonably good agreement is seen in most cases, which argues that the individual Trp residues emit independently. In the case of apoazurin, however, a negative amplitude is seen for the phase-resolved spectrum of the short-lifetime component. This pattern is consistent with the occurrence of energy transfer from the internal Trp residue to the surface Trp of this protein. We also present multifrequency lifetime measurements, phase-resolved spectra, and solute quenching data for a few protein-ligand complexes, to illustrate the utility of this approach for the study of changes in the fluorescence of proteins.

title: Phase-resolved spectral measurements with several two XXXX containing proteins.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity10254 :: ('MESH:C005156', 'Chemical') :: ['3-phosphoglycerate']

entities_list: @entity2340 :: ('CHEBI:27897', 'Chemical') :: ['tryptophan']

answer: @entity2340 :: (CHEBI:27897,Chemical) :: ['tryptophan']


abstract: The absence of a @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) effect may be responsible for the higher relapse rate seen after autologous hematopoietic cell transplantation (auto-HCT) compared with allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). Acute GVHD developing after allo-HCT, however, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. An @entity792 similar to acute GVHD has been reported to occur after auto-HCT and has been termed the ' @entity146 or autologous GVHD (auto-GVHD). Auto-GVHD tends to be milder than classical GVHD, most commonly involves the skin (rarely the gastrointestinal tract, liver or both) and often is self-limited. Auto-GVHD has been reported to occur both spontaneously and in subjects receiving post transplant immune modulation with CsA, @entity379 or the combination. The development of auto-GVHD depends upon the derangement of self tolerance either through administration of post transplant CsA, depletion of regulatory T cells following the preparative chemoradiotherapy or both. Self-reactive @entity405 (+) T cells paradoxically are able to recognize a self peptide antigen presented by MHC class II molecules and appear to mediate the syndrome. Many clinical trials have been performed using CsA with or without @entity379 in an attempt to induce auto-GVHD. While many @entity1 do indeed develop the syndrome, any associated anti- @entity5 effect remains questionable to date. New strategies to exploit auto-GVHD and enhance a @entity2132 effect such as through the depletion of regulatory T cells or through use of newer immunomodulatory agents may improve the efficacy of auto-HCT.

title: Autologous graft-versus-host disease: harnessing anti- XXXX immunity through impaired self-tolerance.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ["auto-aggression' syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft-versus-malignancy', 'GVM']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune syndrome']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: AIM: To investigate the role of sex hormones in the early @entity260 of @entity344 . METHODS: A total of 65 @entity1 who underwent operations for gastric and colorectal diseases (mainly malignant diseases) were included in the study. Peripheral venous blood samples were collected at different times for analysis of @entity53 , @entity251 and @entity1420 . The only study endpoint was analysis of @entity260 . RESULTS: @entity1 of both sexes were uniform but postoperative complication rate was significantly higher in female @entity1 (P = 0.027). There was no significant association of @entity53 and @entity1420 with @entity260 . @entity251 levels in complicated @entity1 were significantly lower than in uncomplicated @entity1 (P < 0.05). Area under the receiver operating characteristic curve showed that a lower value of @entity251 was a predictor for higher complication rate (P < 0.05), and a lower value of @entity251 at later times after surgery was a better predictor of complications. CONCLUSION: @entity1 with low @entity251 level were prone to higher @entity260 , which was evident in both sexes. However, further studies are necessary to support this result.

title: Does @entity251 prevent early XXXX after gastrointestinal surgery?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone', 'Testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal diseases']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity260 :: (MESH:D011183,Disease) :: ['postoperative complications']


abstract: Idiopathic @entity384 with an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern affected eight individuals (four males) in three of four generations of a 63-member kindred of non-consanguineous ancestry. Average age at presentation was 39.5 years (range 32-54). A malignant course with relentless @entity712 occurred in six cases; one member who died suddenly had been asymptomatic and the eighth is alive but in @entity712 44 months after initial presentation. Average time course to death from onset of symptoms suggestive of @entity296 in six affected members was 16 months (range three to 55 months). In three cases, @entity944 occurred and was the mode of presentation in one. Myocardial histological examination, available from three cases, showed variation in muscle fibre size with interstitial @entity82 . Forty-two family members in two generations including the propositus (19 males), age range three to 46 years (mean 17.9) when first assessed were prospectively evaluated. Two had basal systolic murmurs and two had @entity714 . Excluding the propositus, three members showed Doppler echocardiographic evidence of regurgitation without associated structural anomalies and three had @entity12979 with Doppler echocardiographic evidence of regurgitation. Cardiac chamber dimensions were within normal limits in all members and no @entity943 were seen. Among the various therapeutic approaches now available cardiac transplantation, especially in younger @entity1 with unremitting disease, is a potential option which should be considered.

title: XXXX in three generations: a family study with eight affected members.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity714 :: ('MESH:D002037', 'Disease') :: ['right bundle branch block']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['congestive (dilated) cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity12979 :: ('MESH:D016127', 'Disease') :: ['valve prolapse']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrhythmias']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['Familial idiopathic congestive cardiomyopathy']


abstract: @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) associated morbidity and mortality remain major barriers for successful allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Currently, no reliable measures are established to monitor @entity2132 activity changes for use in clinical trials. The @entity1 Activity Profile (HAP) @entity1 self-report was proposed by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) @entity2132 consensus project as an independent measure of @entity1 ' functional status that could also indirectly reflect improvement of @entity2132 , but that has not been validated in an alloHSCT @entity1 population. One hundred seventy-six @entity1 (median age 44 years [range: 18-72 years] after alloHSCT were evaluated with a German translation of the HAP, the NIH criteria-based @entity2132 activity assessment, the Lee @entity2132 Symptom-Scale, FACT-BMT, SF36, Berlin Social Support Scale, 24-Item Adjective Measure (24-AM), @entity148 and @entity308 Scale, and the NCCN-Distress-Thermometer. Enrollment occurred a median of 286 (range: 85-4003) days after alloHSCT. Follow-up surveys were conducted at 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, and 12 months after the baseline survey. Although 117 @entity1 had @entity2132 at time of enrollment (mild n = 33, moderate n = 50, or severe n  =  34), 59 @entity1 were included into the study in the absence of @entity2132 between days 85 and 395 after transplantation. The maximum activity score (MAS) and @entity2166 ( @entity2166 ) of the HAP correlated inversely with grading of @entity2132 severity (mild, moderate, or severe) (r = -0.25 for MAS and -0.24 for @entity2166 ). Lung manifestations of @entity2132 correlated with @entity2166 (r = 0.17), but not with MAS. HAP scores correlated with subscales from other instruments measuring physical domains, especially the physical functioning scale of the SF36. Performance was improved by use of an HSCT-modified HAP scoring system that excluded activities prohibited within the first year after alloHSCT. No significant correlation of the HAP was found with personality, age, sex, symptom burden, or social functioning or social well-being. Moreover, the HAP displayed a higher sensitivity to change of @entity2132 activity compared to the SF36 and the FACT-BMT. In addition, @entity134 @entity121 correlated with both HAP scores, but not the SF36. The HAP is a simple and valid questionnaire for the evaluation of the physical activity in @entity1 after alloHSCT, with the advantage of detecting changes in @entity2132 status independently of other quality-of-life measures and with a superior sensitivity compared to the SF36.

title: Validation of the @entity1 activity profile questionnaire in XXXX after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic graft-versus-host disease', 'cGVHD']

entities_list: @entity2166 :: ('MESH:D000275', 'Disease') :: ['AAS', 'adjusted activity score']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Hospital Anxiety']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['myopathy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity195 is a progressive @entity303 characterized by pronounced degeneration of certain populations of neurons in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of the brain. One theory is that @entity2227 receptor-mediated @entity137 plays a role in cell loss associated with @entity195 . We used in situ hybridization to examine @entity7335 , @entity7336 , and @entity2374 messengerRNAs (encoding @entity140 / @entity4176 receptor subunits) in sections of autopsy samples of @entity195 brains and age-, sex-, and post-mortem delay-matched brains from non-demented (control) subjects. @entity7335 and @entity7336 exhibited a heterogeneous distribution in control brain. @entity7335 was expressed in granule cells of the dentate gyrus, in pyramidal cells of the @entity1399 and @entity1400 hippocampal subfields and in neurons of the subiculum and entorhinal cortex. @entity7336 mRNA was at high density in the dentate gyrus and in @entity1400 , but was at low density in @entity1399 , subiculum, and entorhinal cortex. @entity2374 hybridization was at very low levels but selectively localized to the dentate gyrus and @entity1400 . In cerebellum, @entity7335 was found in granule and Purkinje cell layers. In sections from @entity195 brain, a high degree of intersubject variability was observed: some samples showed markedly reduced @entity7335 mRNA levels in dentate gyrus, @entity1399 and @entity1400 relative to controls; others showed no changes. Microscopic observation of emulsion-dipped sections revealed that the reduction of @entity7335 seen in the dentate gyrus and @entity1400 of some @entity195 subjects was not due to cell loss.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: @entity140 / @entity4176 receptor gene expression in normal and XXXX hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity140 :: ('MESH:D018350', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionic acid']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity195 :: (MESH:D000544,Disease) :: ['Alzheimer's disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate an outbreak of fever and @entity551 after cardiac surgical procedures and the role of @entity10050 , a plasma expander. DESIGN: Unmatched case-control study. SETTING: A six-bed cardiac surgery intensive care unit (SICU) of the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona (Spain), a 940-bed public teaching hospital. @entity1 : Eight cases and 25 control @entity1 admitted to the SICU over a 4-week epidemic period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Development of @entity551 (systolic blood pressure < or = 90 mm Hg or a drop of 40 mm Hg from baseline systolic blood pressure) and fever (axillary temperature > 38.5 degrees C) within 24 hours of a cardiac surgical procedure. RESULTS: The single risk factor significantly different between cases and controls was the total volume of @entity10050 used throughout the surgical procedure for extracorporeal circulation: a median of 1,250 mL (mean, 1,312.5 +/- 842.5 mL) in cases versus 500 mL (mean, 566.0 +/- 159.9 mL) in controls (P = .0029). By multiple logistic regression analysis, @entity10050 use was the single risk factor significantly related to the outcome (odds ratio, 8.75; CI95, 1.36 to 56.2; P = .01). Neither blood cultures from @entity1 nor cultures of the @entity10050 used yielded growth of any microorganism. Stopping use of the implicated @entity10050 lot controlled the outbreak. CONCLUSIONS: Use of @entity10050 was associated with an outbreak of fever and @entity551 in a SICU. Information from the manufacturer indicated the likelihood of contamination of the product with @entity8220 components. The manufacturer has since changed the production and control processes, and no further adverse events have been seen.

title: A cluster of fever and XXXX on a surgical intensive care unit related to the contamination of plasma expanders by cell wall products of @entity8220 .

entities_list: @entity10050 :: ('MESH:D011097', 'Chemical') :: ['polygeline']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity8220 :: ('1422', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus stearothermophilus']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['hypotension']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity10220 is a rare subtype of @entity5 with distinct histological features. Anaplastic transformation has not yet been reported in this @entity5 to date. We present here a very unusual case of a 62-year-old @entity1 with recurrent @entity10220 of the fourth ventricle with multiple atypical histological features. Histologically, the resected recurrent @entity5 showed characteristic small cell clusters and nests of ependymal cells with an interspersed gliofibrillary matrix as seen in a @entity10220 . In addition, there were very unusual histological features, including multiple areas of @entity39 , microvascular proliferation, thrombosed blood vessels, and scattered mitotic figures. No coexisting @entity424 component of higher World Health Organization (WHO) grade was present. Immunohistochemically, @entity1758 labeling index was high, with up to 15% in the highest areas. Review of this @entity1 's @entity5 , which was resected 6 years prior to recurrence, demonstrated features of a typical @entity10220 without atypical features or a secondary @entity5 component. @entity10220 are known to be low-grade @entity5 and are usually cured if completely excised. The @entity5 presented here is unique in that several atypical pathological features were found in an otherwise typical @entity10220 . Our case may represent anaplastic transformation of @entity10220 , although no such examples have been reported to date.

title: Recurrent XXXX of fourth ventricle with unusual atypical histological features: A case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity424 :: ('MESH:D004806', 'Disease') :: ['ependymoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'benign ependymal neoplasm', 'initial tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity10220 :: ('MESH:D018315', 'Disease') :: ['classic subependymoma', 'Subependymomas', 'Subependymoma', 'subependymoma']

answer: @entity10220 :: (MESH:D018315,Disease) :: ['subependymoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES:     To explore the efficacy and safety of @entity10551 (TU) ( @entity10551  ; Bayer Schering Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany) in @entity1 with bilateral germ cell @entity5 (GCTC) who have switched @entity342 substitution from @entity2609 ( @entity2609  , Bayer Schering Pharma AG). @entity1 AND METHODS:     In total, 47 bilaterally orchidectomized GCTC @entity1 were included in a prospective study to monitor serum gonadal hormones, biochemical safety and symptoms of @entity6126 based on the Aging Males' Symptoms scale during TU treatment for a 28-week period. RESULTS:     During treatment, serum levels of total (TT) and calculated free @entity251 (CFT) increased with simultaneously decreasing levels of FSH and LH. However, considerable variations in median levels of TT and CFT were observed during the study. The highest levels of TT and CFT were observed 1-2 weeks after each injection and the lowest immediately before the second injection.     Insufficient levels of TT (< 8 nmol/L) were observed in 10 @entity1 , with nine of these during the second half of the first treatment cycle. Supernormal levels of TT (> 35 nmol/L) were measured in 28 @entity1 of which 26 occurred at least once during the first 3 weeks of each treatment cycle.     A follow-up review at median 39 months after study start showed a median steady-state injection interval of 10 weeks, with an individual variability of 6-14 weeks. Symptoms according to the Aging Males' Symptoms scale remained unchanged. No severe @entity137 was encountered. Only one @entity1 experienced transient elevation of serum @entity493 transaminase and aspartate transaminase with maximal Common @entity137 Criteria, grade 2. CONCLUSIONS:     TU is safe and highly efficient for the treatment of anorchid GCTC survivors.     @entity342 substitution with TU in bilateral GCTC survivors requires individually-adjusted injection intervals. In most cases, 10-week intervals appear to be sufficient.

title: XXXX substitution with @entity10551 in survivors of bilateral @entity5 requires individually-adjusted injection intervals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['testicular cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen', 'Androgen']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity10551 :: ('MESH:C010792', 'Chemical') :: ['Nebido', 'testosterone undecanoate']

entities_list: @entity2609 :: ('MESH:C004648', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone enanthate', 'Primoteston Depot']

answer: @entity342 :: (CHEBI:50113,Chemical) :: ['Androgen']


abstract: PURPOSE: Perceived stress is associated with @entity2956 ( @entity2956 ), but whether @entity701 levels are elevated in individuals with @entity2956 is unknown. We hypothesized that @entity701 concentration, a biomarker of @entity2339 function, was elevated in @entity2956 cases relative to controls, and that perceived stress was positively correlated with @entity701 concentration. METHODS: In this case control study, @entity2956 case status was determined by examiners using @entity2956 Research Diagnostic Criteria. @entity1 (n=116) aged 18 to 59 years were recruited from within a 50 mile radius of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Following examination, cases (n=45) and controls (n=71) completed the 14-item Perceived Stress Scale using a reference interval of the past 3 months. Approximately 100 strands of hair were cut from the posterior vertex segment of their scalp. The 3 centimeters of hair most proximal to the scalp was analyzed with a commercially available salivary @entity701 enzyme immunoassay adapted for hair @entity701 . This length corresponds to the last 3 months of systemic @entity2339 activity. RESULTS: @entity2956 cases perceived higher stress than controls (p=0.001). However, hair @entity701 concentration was lower in @entity2956 cases than controls (p<0.001). The correlation coefficient revealed a weak negative relationship (r=-0.188) between perceived stress and hair @entity701 concentration (p=0.044). In analysis stratified by case status, the relationship of perceived stress and hair @entity701 concentration was non-significant for cases (p=0.169) and controls (p=0.498). CONCLUSION: Despite greater perceived stress, @entity2956 cases had lower hair @entity701 concentrations than controls and the 2 measures of stress were weakly and negatively correlated.

title: Chronic XXXX response to stress in @entity2956 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Participants']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['HPA axis', 'hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2956 :: ('MESH:D013705', 'Disease') :: ['TMD', 'temporomandibular disorder']

answer: @entity2339 :: (MESH:D007029,Disease) :: ['HPA axis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The design of cellulose @entity4543 -based amphiphiles has been difficult and limited because of the harsh conditions typically required for appending @entity4543 moieties to cellulose. @entity22568 cross-metathesis recently has been shown to be a valuable approach for appending a variety of functional groups to cellulose @entity22569 and @entity14743 , provided that an @entity22568 handle for metathesis can be attached. This synthetic pathway gives access to these functional derivatives under very mild conditions and at high efficiency. Modification of @entity22041 cellulose by metathesis to prepare useful derivatives, for example, for solubility and bioavailability enhancement of drugs by @entity5 ( @entity5 ), has been limited by the low DS( @entity2145 ) of commercial @entity22041 cellulose derivatives. This is problematic because @entity22041 cellulose is otherwise a very attractive substrate for synthesis of amphiphilic derivatives by @entity22568 metathesis. Herein we explore two methods for opening up this design space for @entity4543 -based amphiphiles, for example, permitting synthesis of more hydrophilic derivatives. One approach is to start with the more hydrophilic commercial @entity5498 cellulose, which contains much higher DS( @entity2145 ) and therefore is better suited for introduction of high DS of @entity22568 metathesis "handles". In another approach, we explored a homogeneous one-pot synthesis methodology from cellulose, where controlled DS of @entity22041 groups was introduced at the same time as the   -unsaturated alkyl groups, thereby permitting complete control of DS( @entity2145 ), DS(Et), and ultimately DS of the functional group added by metathesis. We describe the functionalized derivatives available by these successful approaches. In addition, we explore new methods for reduction of the unsaturation in initial metathesis products to provide robust methods for enhancing product stability against further radical-catalyzed reactions. We demonstrate initial evidence that the products show strong promise as amphiphilic matrix polymers for @entity5 and other applications.

title: Amphiphilic Cellulose Ethers Designed for Amorphous Solid Dispersion via XXXX Cross-Metathesis.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'amorphous solid dispersion']

entities_list: @entity22568 :: ('CHEBI:32878', 'Chemical') :: ['olefin', 'Olefin']

answer: @entity22568 :: (CHEBI:32878,Chemical) :: ['Olefin']


abstract: The experimental results on tolerance to and @entity734 on @entity109 ( @entity13100 ) in male, ICR @entity19 were compared with results previously reported in the case of @entity35 . When food admixed with 1 and 2 mg @entity13100 /g food was administered daily for 13 consecutive days, the @entity19 began to acquire tolerance to @entity13100 from the 4th day or so (rotarod performance test), with little suppression being observed on days 6 or 7. These results indicate that tolerance to @entity13100 is acquired earlier in @entity19 than in @entity35 . The blood and brain concentrations of @entity13100 during the dosing period were reduced abruptly on the 3rd or 4th day, corresponding well with the time course changes in the development of tolerance shown by rotarod performance. The @entity19 were given daily doses of @entity13100 increasing stepwise from 0.5 and 1 mg @entity13100 /g food to 4 mg @entity13100 /g food, over 39 consecutive days. With this gradually increasing dose regimen, the animals maintained moderate to severe @entity308 of CNS throughout the dosing period. The blood and brain half-life of @entity13100 after withdrawal were 16 and 8 hr respectively. From 17 to 24 hours after withdrawal of @entity13100 , the animals showed signs of systemic @entity400 , Straub-tail, @entity2915 , wild running "rum fits" and @entity3173 . Contrary to the findings in @entity35 , in which there was a frequent incidence of @entity410 from 17 to 48 hours after withdrawal, the duration of the characteristic signs after barbiturate withdrawal was obviously short-term. These results suggest that may be more reasonable to use @entity35 in preference to @entity19 as a preclinical model of @entity734 , especially in cross-physical @entity734 tests for sedative-hypnotic drugs.

title: Tolerance to and @entity734 on barbiturates in @entity19 reference to the data in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsion']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity3173 :: ('MESH:D004830', 'Disease') :: ['clonic-tonic convulsions']

entities_list: @entity109 :: ('MESH:D010634', 'Chemical') :: ['phenobarbital']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkinesia']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To compare oncological outcomes of @entity1625 ( @entity1625 ) and radical nephrectomy (RN) for @entity703 of  <=7   cm in which preoperative imaging reveals potential renal sinus fat invasion (cT3a), as RN is preferred for these @entity5 due to concerns about high @entity5 stage. @entity1 AND METHODS: Among 1137 nephrectomies performed for @entity703 of  <=7   cm from January 2005 to August 2012, 401 solitary cT3a @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) without @entity3 were analysed. Classification as cT3a included only renal sinus fat invasion, as there were no @entity5 with suspected perinephric fat invasion. Multivariate models were used to evaluate predictors of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and @entity5 -specific survival (CSS). RESULTS: There were 34 @entity1358 (8.5%) with unexpected perinephric fat invasion, but only 77 @entity1358 (19.2%) were staged as pT3a. During the median follow-up of 43.0 months, recurrence occurred in seven (6.7%) @entity1625 cases and 25 (8.4%) RN cases. Six recurred @entity1625 cases had positive surgical margins (PSMs). The two cohorts showed equal oncological outcomes for 5-year RFS and CSS. Multivariate analyses showed PSM, pathological T stage, sarcomatoid dedifferentiation, and type of surgery as significant predictors of recurrence. Older age, pathological T stage, and sarcomatoid dedifferentiation were significant predictors of @entity5 -specific mortality. CONCLUSIONS: @entity703 of  <=7   cm with presumed renal sinus fat invasion were mostly @entity2558 . @entity1625 conferred equivalent oncological outcomes to RN. If clear surgical margins can be obtained, @entity1625 should be considered for these @entity5 , as @entity1 may benefit from renal function preservation.

title: Oncological outcomes after partial vs radical nephrectomy in XXXX of  <=7   cm with presumed renal sinus fat invasion on preoperative imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['PN', 'partial nephrectomy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas', 'RCCs']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumours', 'Renal tumours']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['renal cell carcinomas']


abstract: @entity401 develops in association with inhaled particles. In-air microparticle induced X-ray emission (in-air micro) analysis was previously employed to assess the spatial distribution and content of particles in surgical lung biopsy specimens. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of in-air micro-analysis for transbronchial lung biopsy specimens in @entity1 with or without occupational exposure. The elements composing lung particles and their locations could be identified by in-air micro-analysis. @entity6619 was the major component of particles. Quantitative analysis revealed that the elements composing lung particles varied between @entity1 . In a @entity1 with suspected @entity3406 exposure, @entity5715 , @entity5336 , and @entity460 were detected, but was not detected. In a @entity1 without a work history (housewife), various elements were detected. In-air micro-analysis was useful for assessing the spatial distribution and content of particles in specimens from @entity1 . Occupational exposure was not necessarily associated with deposition of particles in the lungs. Therefore, in the diagnosis of, elemental analysis of specimens by in-air micro-analysis could be useful for assessing exposure to particles objectively.

title: In-air microparticle induced X-ray emission analysis of particles in XXXX lung tissue obtained by transbronchial biopsy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5336 :: ('MESH:D014639', 'Chemical') :: ['vanadium']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity401 :: ('MESH:D017563', 'Disease') :: ['Interstitial pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5715 :: ('CHEBI:28984', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium']

answer: @entity401 :: (MESH:D017563,Disease) :: ['interstitial pneumonia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Spasticity is a common complication after @entity64 . @entity2133 ( @entity2133 ) is suggested as a novel method for treatment of @entity508 . OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of @entity2133 on wrist flexors @entity508 poststroke. METHODS: A single group, pretest-posttest clinical trial was used. Twenty nine @entity1 with @entity64 (16 male; mean age 54.3 years) were tested at baseline (T0), immediately after @entity2133 (T1), and one hour after @entity2133 (T2). @entity2133 was applied for flexor carpi radialis (FCR) and flexor carpi ulnaris on the affected arm for single session, one minute per muscle. The Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS), passive resistance force, wrist active and passive range of motion, Box and Block Test, and FCR H-reflex were outcome measures. RESULTS: Significant reductions in MMAS scores were seen both immediately after @entity2133 and at 1-hour follow-up (median 2 at T0 to 1 at T1 and T2). There were significant improvements in other measures between the baseline values at T0 and those recorded immediately after the @entity2133 at T1 or one hour later at T2. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that @entity2133 reduced wrist flexors @entity508 and alpha motor neuron excitability in @entity1 with @entity64 , and improvements persisted for one hour after @entity2133 .

title: A single group, pretest-posttest clinical trial for the effects of dry needling on wrist flexors @entity508 after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['DN', 'Dry needling']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['muscle spasticity', 'spasticity']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: This study specifically examined right @entity694 resection, a common operation for colorectal surgeons starting laparoscopic resection, to assess the impact of commencing laparoscopy. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 56 @entity1 undergoing open (n = 34) and attempted laparoscopic (n = 22) elective right hemicolectomy for @entity14 between November 2003 and March 2007 were compared. Postoperative stay was the primary outcome. Secondary outcomes included analgesic requirements, bowel recovery, morbidity and mortality. Frequency of laparoscopic versus open surgery over time was also examined. RESULTS: Resections attempted laparoscopically increased from 9.1% to 75% in the first and last quarters of the study period, respectively (P = 0.0002). Uptake of 'enhanced recovery' was mainly in the laparoscopic group. Conversion was required in two of 22 @entity1 . Attempted laparoscopic cases had a shorter median postoperative stay (6 vs 10 days; P < 0.0001), duration of parenteral or epidural analgesia (48 vs 72 h; P < 0.0001) and time to first bowel action (3 vs 4 days; P = 0.001) compared with open cases. Demography, @entity5 characteristics, morbidity and mortality were comparable between groups. Multivariate analysis identified decreased age, attempted laparoscopic surgery, use of enhanced recovery and absence of complications as independently shortening postoperative stay. CONCLUSIONS: Advantages of laparoscopic surgery and enhanced recovery, even early in a surgeon's experience, suggest this is the preferred mode for elective right @entity694 resection.

title: Impact of laparoscopic right hemicolectomy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colonic cancer', 'colon cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancer']