abstract: BACKGROUND: Mixed hematopoietic chimerism via bone marrow transplantation has been shown to induce donor specific tolerance to solid organ allografts, but @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) remains to be a risk. Composite tissue allografts may need a higher percentage of donor chimerism compared with less immunogenic solid organ allografts. In this study, we investigated the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the induction of stable and high level chimerism and subsequent donor-specific tolerance to composite tissue allograft without the incidence of @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ). METHODS: Fully mismatched, 4- to 8-wk-old Brown Norway (RT1(n)) and Lewis (RT1(1)) @entity35 were used as cell or hind-limb donors and recipients, respectively. Recipients received a conditioning regimen consisting of antilymphocyte serum, standard immunosuppressive therapy ( @entity3446 : 0.2 mg/kg/d; days 0 approximately 130) and 3 Gy total body irradiation, followed by an intraportal co-infusion of allogeneic MSCs and bone marrow cells (day 0); then performing hind-limb allotransplants (30 d after BMT); 100 d after hind-limb transplantations, immunosuppressive therapy was stopped and to observe the survival time of the hind-limb allografts. RESULTS: When co-infusion of allogeneic MSCs was administered, 14/15 recipients developed stable and high level chimerism. Subsequently, in the donor specific group, the survival time of hind-limb allografts without RAPA were remarkably prolonged compared with other groups. The results of the histopathological evaluation of skin biopsy and mixed lymphocyte cultures confirmed this operational donor specific tolerance. Without MSCs, only 2/7 of the recipients developed stable chimerism, but @entity2132 occurred in both of them, and the level of the chimerism was much lower. On the other hand, @entity2132 was not observed in any of the recipients infused with MSCs (0/15). CONCLUSION: This study indicates a potential use of MSCs for induction of stable and high level mixed hematopoietic chimerism and subsequent donor specific tolerance in clinical composite tissue allotransplantation.

title: Mesenchymal stem cells enhance the induction of mixed chimerism and tolerance to XXXX hind-limb allografts after bone marrow transplantation.

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft versus host disease']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study examines the impact of @entity120 ( @entity120 ) on the quality of life (QoL) of affected youth, as well as the relationships among @entity120 severity, parental adjustment variables, and family relational functioning. METHODS: Subjects were 47 eligible parents of @entity1 with @entity120 aged 2 to 18 years who were evaluated at Boston @entity1 's Hospital. Measures of @entity1 QoL and of parental stress, coping, and adjustment were administered to the caregivers. Clinicians rated illness severity and family relational functioning. RESULTS: Youth with @entity120 scored significantly lower than healthy norms on a measure of parent-reported QoL (total, psychosocial, and physical QoL, each P < .0001). The parents reported encountering stressful events more frequently than published norms of parents of @entity1 with @entity5 (P < .0001). Thirty-four percent of parents of @entity1 with @entity120 met criteria for presumed @entity146 diagnosis, and they reported using psychologic coping strategies significantly more often than a normative sample. A summary parental stress measure correlated inversely with @entity1 QoL, an effect that held true even after controlling for disease severity (P = .03). CONCLUSIONS: @entity120 takes a major toll on @entity1 and their families. Decreased QoL among youth with @entity120 was significantly associated with high levels of parental stress, over and above the effect of illness severity. These findings suggest that interventions to better support the caretakers of affected @entity1 and adolescents should accompany medical treatment advances so as to improve QoL for @entity1 facing pediatric @entity120 .

title: Quality of life and parental adjustment in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'PH disease', 'PH']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity120 :: (MESH:D006976,Disease) :: ['pediatric pulmonary hypertension']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review focuses on the recent advances in our understanding of the role of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in @entity8 . RECENT FINDINGS: Accumulating evidence indicates a critical involvement of @entity5232 ( @entity5232 ) signaling in @entity8 . Augmented signaling via @entity5232 is involved in the pathogenesis of @entity8 . Therefore, targeting @entity5232 signaling is a viable therapeutic strategy for @entity8 . However, current @entity5232 antagonists are nonspecific, and their long-term effects remain to be elucidated. To develop effective intervention therapies targeting PDGF signaling, it is necessary to clarify the specific involvement of PDGF in the pathogenesis of @entity8 . A novel @entity5232 targeting @entity19 model has provided new insight into the postnatal role of @entity5232 in aging-related @entity7622 and the glomerular remodeling after nephrectomy. Furthermore, the same study indicated the redundancy of growth factor signals underlying glomerular remodeling. In this context, other studies have suggested a role for @entity20421 signaling and collaborating growth factors to compensate for @entity5232 in the kidney glomerulus. SUMMARY: Intervention in growth factor signaling could be a valuable therapeutic strategy for kidney @entity8 . Further studies are required to characterize the pathogenesis of these diseases for the successful development of such a therapy.

title: Platelet-derived growth factor and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['IgA nephropathy', 'glomerular diseases', 'glomerular disease']

entities_list: @entity7622 :: ('MESH:C537346', 'Disease') :: ['mesangial sclerosis']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal disease']


abstract: In @entity1 , three distinct classes of receptors for the @entity10685 ( @entity10685 , II, III) have been defined. The @entity10685 has a Mr of about 72 kDa, binds human IgG-coated E, and is recognized by mAb such as 32. The FcRII has a Mr of 40 kDa, binds murine IgG1-coated E, and reacts with the mAb IV.3 and CIKM5, which recognize @entity222 moieties. Lastly, the @entity4071 has a Mr of 50 to 70 kDa and is recognized by anti- @entity4071 mAb. In the present study we have shown that i) only murine IgG1-coated E form rosettes with 49 +/- 1.5% (mean +/- SEM, n = 9) of @entity4896 + epidermal cells (EC) (which represent Langerhans and indeterminate cells) and that ii) the mAb anti-FcRII CIKM5 prevents this rosette formation. Among the mAb reacting with the three different types of FcR, only those recognizing @entity4071 ) stain about 55 +/- 1.5% (mean +/- SEM, n = 9) of the @entity4896 + EC and ii) reveal the presence of dendritic cells in epidermal sheets obtained by suction blister. Under the electron microscope i) apparently all the cells forming rosettes or reacting with the gold-labeled anti-FcRII mAb (CIKM5 or the F(ab) fragment of IV.3) contained Birbeck granules and ii) the gold-labeled mAb were internalized in unfixed Langerhans cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis and accumulated in lysosomes. Labeling by the anti-FcRII mAb of the @entity4896 + cells in suspension disappears after 48 h of culture. All these observations strongly suggest that @entity4896 + EC express only the FcRII. This conclusion was confirmed by immunoprecipitation experiments, whereas no specific immunoprecipitate was noted with the anti- @entity10685 or anti- @entity4071 mAb, the anti-FcRII mAb immunoprecipitated a protein of Mr 40 kDa.

title: XXXX epidermal Langerhans cells express only the 40-kilodalton @entity10685 (FcRII).

entities_list: @entity10685 :: ('2209', 'Gene') :: ['Fc fragments of IgG', 'FcRI']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: The efficacy of using hydrodistention and vasodilatory drugs to relieve @entity2473 in arteries was investigated. The femoral arteries of 64 @entity95 (divided into five groups) were placed in @entity2473 by the topical application of @entity1425 (1 mg/ml). In group A (controls) @entity2553 was induced without further treatment. In group B @entity2553 was induced, and the arteries were hydrodistended with normal saline. In three additional groups @entity2553 was induced and either 10% @entity3303 (group C), @entity1855 (group D), or @entity2644 (group E) was applied. Thirty minutes later the vessels were hydrodistended. All vessels were measured at set intervals, and some specimens were retained for light and electron microscopy. All methods of @entity2473 relief were successful, although to varying degrees. Hydrodistention alone produced the widest dilation for the longest time. @entity3303 was the most successful drug treatment alone. @entity1855 followed by hydrodistention was the most successful combination regimen, but did not produce better results than hydrodistention alone. Hydrodistention alone produced significant @entity16 , resulting in permanent structural modifications. Prior vasodilatory drug treatment reduced but did not eliminate hydrodistention damage. Although hydrodistention dilates for longer periods than vasodilatory drugs, the @entity16 associated with hydrodistention indicates that it should be used only when all other methods of vasodilation have failed.

title: Hydrostatic distention and pharmacological treatment of @entity1425 -induced microarterial XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil hydrochloride', 'Verapamil']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['arterial wall damage']

entities_list: @entity2644 :: ('MESH:D002746', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorpromazine hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity3303 :: ('MESH:D008012', 'Chemical') :: ['lidocaine hydrochloride', 'Lidocaine']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['vasospasm']

answer: @entity2473 :: (MESH:D013035,Disease) :: ['spasm']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Following a rapid influx of over 200,000 displaced Somalis into the Dadaab refugee camp complex in Kenya, M  decins @entity12269 Fronti  res conducted a mortality and nutrition survey of the population living in Bulo Bacte, a self-settled area surrounding Dagahaley camp (part of this complex). METHODS: The survey was conducted between 31st July and 10th August 2011. We exhaustively interviewed representatives from all households in Bulo Bacte, collecting information on @entity204 , births, and population movements during the recall period (15th February 2011 to survey date), in order to provide estimates of retrospective @entity204 rates. We recorded the mid-upper arm circumference and presence or absence of @entity4 of all @entity1 of height 67-<110 cm to provide estimates of global and severe acute @entity3147 . RESULTS: The surveyed population included 26,583 individuals, of whom 6,488 (24.4%) were @entity1 aged under 5 years. There were 360 @entity204 reported during the 177 days of the recall period, of which 186 (52%) were among @entity1 aged under 5 years. The crude @entity204 rate for the entire recall period was 0.8 per 10,000 @entity1 -days. The under-5 @entity204 rate was 1.8 per 10,000 @entity1 -days. More than two-thirds of all @entity204 were reported to have been associated with @entity294 (25%), cough or other @entity387 (24%), or with fever (19%). Measles accounted for a reported 17% of all @entity204 ; this was due to a measles outbreak that occurred between June and October 2011.Global acute @entity3147 was observed in 13.4%, and severe acute @entity3147 in 3.0%, of @entity1 measuring 67-<110 cm. Among @entity1 measuring 110-<   140 cm, 9.8% met the admission criteria for entry into the nutritional programme. Trends of decreasing @entity204 rates and @entity3147 prevalence with length of stay in Bulo Bacte were observed. CONCLUSIONS: We report high @entity204 rates and prevalence of @entity3147 among this population, reflecting at least a partial failure of the various humanitarian and governmental actors to adequately safeguard the welfare of this population. An outbreak of measles and long delays before registration should not have occurred. The recommendations for measles vaccination among crisis-affected populations should be revised to take into account the epidemiologic context. Organisations must be sensitive and reactive to changes in the health status of the populations they assist.

title: High levels of mortality, XXXX , and measles, among recently-displaced Somali refugees in Dagahaley camp, Dadaab refugee camp complex, Kenya, 2011.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'person']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['breathing difficulties']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['bipedal oedema']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['malnutrition']


abstract: The results of surgical treatment in 21 cases of @entity145 , mostly in adults, are reviewed. There were 19 supratentorial and 2 infratentorial cysts. In all but one supratentorial cyst cases @entity302 were the major clinical presentation. CT scan was helpful in the diagnosis in most cases. In 7 @entity1 CT-cisternography was performed and in 3 cases a connection of cyst cavity to intracranial cerebrospinal fluid space was demonstrated. The cysts were treated surgically in different ways including craniotomy for fenestration of cyst wall, resection of cyst wall and neighbouring cerebral structures or cyst-peritoneal shunting. In some cases successive surgical treatment was necessary since the initial surgery proved to be unsuccessful. The authors believe that the best results were achieved by cyst removal with resection of cerebral structures being the source of @entity302 discharges under intraoperative electrocorticographic control. The regression or diminished intensity of @entity410 can be achieved in this way. The fenestration of cyst alone leads to cyst recurrence. Cyst-peritoneal shunting usually did not lead to significant reduction of cyst size and delayed complications caused this kind of treatment to be uneffective. The significant number of @entity166 in all surgical treated cases of @entity145 suggest the need for avoiding operation in asymptomatic or oligosymptomatic cases.

title: [Surgical treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity145 :: ('MESH:D016080', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial arachnoid cysts', 'arachnoid cysts']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic seizures', 'epileptic']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

answer: @entity145 :: (MESH:D016080,Disease) :: ['intracranial arachnoid cysts']


abstract: AIM: To investigate efficacy and safety for granulocyte, monocyte apheresis in a population of pediatric @entity1 with @entity31 . METHODS: The ADAPT study was a prospective, open-label, multicenter study in pediatric @entity1 with moderate, active @entity31 with pediatric @entity31 activity index (PUCAI) of 35-64. @entity1 received one weekly apheresis with Adacolumn(  ) granulocyte, monocyte/macrophage adsorptive (GMA) apheresis over 5 consecutive weeks, optionally followed by up to 3 additional apheresis treatments over 3 consecutive weeks. The primary endpoint was the change in mean PUCAI between baseline and week 12; the secondary endpoint was improvement in PUCAI categorized as (Significant Improvement, PUCAI decrease of >=  35), Moderate Improvement (PUCAI decrease of 20 < 35), Small Improvement (PUCAI decrease of 10 < 20) or No change (PUCAI decrease of < 10). RESULTS: Twenty-five @entity1 (mean age 13.5 years; mean weight 47.7 kg) were enrolled. In the intention-to-treat set (ITT), the mean value for PUCAI improvement was 22.3 [95%CI: 12.9-31.6; n = 21]. In the per-protocol (PP) set, the mean improvement was 36.3 [95%CI: 31.4-41.1; n = 8]. Significant Improvement was recorded for 9 out of 20 @entity1 (45%); 5 out of 20 @entity1 (25%) had Moderate Improvement and one @entity1 (5%) had No Change in PUCAI score at week 12. In the PP set, six out of eight @entity1 (75%) showed Significant Improvement; and in two out of eight @entity1 (25%) Moderate Improvement was recorded. The endoscopic activity index (EAI) decreased by 3 points on average. Seven (7) out of 21 (33%) @entity1 in ITT and 4 out of 8 (50%) @entity1 in PP have used @entity230 during the clinical investigation. The mean @entity479 dosage for these @entity1 in the ITT set decreased from a mean 12.4 mg to 10 mg daily on average from Baseline to week 12. CONCLUSION: Adacolumn(  ) GMA apheresis treatment was effective in pediatric @entity1 with moderate @entity31 . No new safety signals were reported. The present data contribute to considering GMA apheresis as a therapeutic option in pediatric @entity1 having failed first line therapy.

title: Efficacy and safety of granulocyte, monocyte/macrophage adsorptive in pediatric XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'active Ulcerative Colitis']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: This report describes a technique of @entity99 in @entity2876 @entity1 . In conventional HPE, the medial posterior row of the @entity254 is placed behind the main portal vein. But around both lateral corners where the portal branches enter the liver parenchyma, the @entity254 is placed across and outside of the portal veins. Resultantly, the proximal part of the portal veins become included in @entity254 attaching directly to the dissected area where bile ducts are copious. In a devised procedure designated as invaginating @entity254 (IA), an anastomotic line was placed to invaginate the medial branch of the right portal vein and also placed behind the veins even at their roots. This technique puts all portal branches outside of the @entity254 , preventing cicatricial adhesion at the dissected area with the posterior wall of the veins. METHODS: The effect of IA was evaluated in terms of resolution of @entity1087 and long-term outcome compared with @entity7617 ( @entity7617 ). Group IA consisted of 20 @entity1 and group @entity7617 of 18 @entity1 . RESULTS: @entity1 in whom @entity1087 resolved included 19 (95%) in group IA and 11 (61%) in group @entity7617 (P < .05). Reoperation was needed in only one @entity1 in group IA, and in six in @entity7617 (P < .05). In @entity1 with reoperation in group @entity7617 , the portahepatis was found to be contracted with dense cicatricial tissues. The survival rates for @entity1 with a native liver, calculated excluding those in whom the cause of @entity204 was not liver deterioration, was 87% for IA compared with 41% for @entity7617 (P < .05). Averaged @entity2876 prognostic index at the last follow-up evaluation was 20.2+/-24.5 for group IA and 62.6+/-29.8 for group @entity7617 (P < .001). CONCLUSION: The invaginating @entity254 in portoenterostomy promised a sustained bile drainage and improved long-term outcome by preventing cicatricial contraction of the portahepatis.

title: Effects of invaginating XXXX in @entity99 , and long-term outcome for @entity1 with @entity2876 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity7617 :: ('MESH:C563514', 'Disease') :: ['conventional anastomosis', 'CA']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2876 :: ('MESH:D001656', 'Disease') :: ['biliary atresia']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic portoenterostomy (HPE) to keep sustained bile drainage']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: @entity1082 ) infection is a necessary factor in the cervical @entity5 development. Also after treatment for @entity3799 , HPV can be present and promote the recurrence of @entity3799 . In the present study, the aim was to perform a long-term follow-up on the ability of HPV testing with genotyping, as compared with cytology, to predict recurrence of high-grade cervical @entity5436 and to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment with loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) conization. Cervical samples for HPV DNA testing and cytological analysis were obtained from 178 @entity1 with abnormal smears referred for treatment with LEEP conization. These @entity1 were scheduled for HPV DNA testing and Pap smears before and 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after treatment. Three years after treatment 3.1% (N   =   4) of @entity1 were still persistently HPV-positive with the same type as had been detected at treatment. Recurrent or residual cervical @entity5436 II+ in histopathology was found among 9 (5.1%) @entity1 during follow-up. All of these @entity1 had type-specific HPV-persistence (sensitivity 100% [95% CI 63-100%] and specificity 94.7% [89.8-97.4%]), but only 7/9 had abnormal cytology (sensitivity 77.8% [40.2-96.1%] and specificity 94.7% [89.8-97.4%]). No recurrent or @entity66 was found among @entity1 with any other patterns of HPV positivity (e.g., type change or fluctuating positivity) (sensitivity 0% [95% CI 0-37.1%] and specificity 80.5% [73.5-86.0%]). In conclusion, only type-specific HPV persistence predicted recurrent or @entity66 , and HPV genotyping appears useful to improve the specificity when using HPV testing in post-treatment follow-up.

title: @entity1082 type-specific persistence and recurrence after treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity3799 :: ('MESH:D002575', 'Disease') :: ['cervical disease', 'cervical dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial neoplasia']

answer: @entity3799 :: (MESH:D002575,Disease) :: ['cervical dysplasia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the effects of transdermal @entity3575 patches (TFPs) for @entity86 in @entity1 undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) surgery. METHODS: A randomized, double-blind, controlled trial study of 40 ASA I-III @entity1 undergoing TKA surgery was performed under general anaesthesia. @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups. Group I (n = 20) received two 25  g TFPs placed on the laterals of chest wall approximately 12 h before induction of general anaesthesia. Group II, the control group (n = 20), received placebo patches of identical size. @entity282 at rest was assessed with visual analogue scale (VAS) at 0, 30 min and 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. Total rescue consumption of @entity1286 was estimated with @entity1 control analgesia during the first 72 h after operation. The degree of active knee flexion and incidence of side effects were also evaluated. RESULTS: The VAS scores at 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h were significantly less in the group I compared to the group II (p < 0.05). Total @entity1286 consumption was significantly less in group I than in group II (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found between the groups in the postoperative active knee flexion (n.s.). Side effects were similar between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Transdermal @entity3575 patches provide effective @entity158 relief and decrease total rescue @entity1286 consumption during the first 72 h after operation without additive side effects in @entity1 undergoing TKA surgery.

title: Reduced @entity1286 consumption and @entity158 severity with transdermal XXXX patches following total knee arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

answer: @entity3575 :: (MESH:D005283,Chemical) :: ['fentanyl']


abstract: Approaches to cognitive remediation have differed across studies. Most of the larger studies have concentrated on group treatments designed without the benefit of recent laboratory-based studies. The current study describes a randomized trial of an intensive cognitive remediation program involving individual daily sessions of 1 hour for up to 3 months. It targets executive functioning deficits ( @entity73 , working memory, and planning) that are known to be problematic in @entity1 with @entity161 . Procedural learning, as well as the principles of errorless learning, targeted reinforcement, and massed practice, was the basis of the intervention. The program was compared with an alternative therapy (intensive occupational therapy) to control for some of the effects of therapeutic contact. Some improvements in cognition followed both therapies. A differential effect in favor of cognitive remediation therapy was found for tests in the @entity73 and the memory subgroups. There was a trend for those receiving atypical antipsychotic medication to benefit more from cognitive remediation for tests of @entity73 . Although there were no consistent changes in symptoms or social functioning between groups, if improvement in @entity73 tasks reached a threshold then there is some evidence that social functioning improved, even over the short duration of the trial. In addition, cognitive remediation differentially improved self-esteem. This study supports the view that cognitive remediation can reduce @entity73 and that this reduction may affect social outcome, at least in the short term.

title: The effects of neurocognitive remediation on executive processing in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive flexibility', 'cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenia']


abstract: @entity387 ( @entity387 ), especially sleep @entity27 , is often observed in @entity1 with @entity6 ; but there are only a few studies on @entity387 in Japanese @entity6 subjects. We investigated the prevalence of @entity387 in @entity6 @entity1 ; associations between severity of @entity387 ( @entity387 ) and clinical factors, visceral fat, and @entity1254 ; and associations between type of @entity387 and clinical factors. In the present study, 40 Japanese @entity6 @entity1 underwent overnight cardiorespiratory monitoring, and night and morning measurements of serum @entity1254 concentrations. Sleep @entity386 was detected in Japanese @entity6 @entity1 at a high prevalence (77.5%). The following variables were associated with @entity387 : age, body mass index, estimated visceral fat area, and nocturnal reduction in serum @entity1254 concentrations. The prevalence of @entity2417 ( @entity2417 , >or=5/h) was 32.3% among @entity387 @entity1 . @entity387 @entity1 with @entity2417 had higher hemoglobin, increased intima-media thickness, and higher plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels than those without @entity2417 (<5/h). In conclusion, our study demonstrated a high prevalence of @entity387 in Japanese @entity6 @entity1 , which correlated with visceral fat area and @entity1254 . A high frequency of @entity2417 was noted in @entity387 @entity1 , together with high hemoglobin, high brain natriuretic peptide, and increased intima-media thickness. The present results of prevalence of @entity387 may be relevant to the higher incidence of @entity65 in @entity6 @entity1 , which need to be clarified in future studies.

title: Characteristics of sleep-disordered breathing in Japanese XXXX with @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2417 :: ('MESH:D020182', 'Disease') :: ['central sleep apnea', 'CSA']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic SDB', 'Sleep-disordered breathing', 'sleep apnea', 'Diabetic SDB', 'SA', 'SDB']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['apnea-hypopnea syndrome']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Damage to the @entity75 ( @entity75 ) affects language and can cause @entity2026 in @entity64 . Following left hemisphere damage it has been suggested that the homologue area in the right hemisphere compensates for lost functions. An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that inhibitory 1-Hz repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) targeting the right IFG can be useful for enhancing recovery in aphasic @entity1 . In the present study we applied activating high frequency (10-Hz) rTMS, which increases cortical excitability, to the damaged @entity75 daily for 3 weeks. Pre- and post-TMS EEG are performed, as well as language function assessments with the Aachener Aphasia Test Battery. Results demonstrate a decrease in rIFG activity post rTMS and normalization for the @entity75 for @entity1093 frequency band. Also increased activity was in the right supplementary motor area for @entity1093 frequency band. In comparison to pre-TMS the aphasic @entity1 improved on repetition tests, for naming and comprehension. After rTMS increased functional connectivity was shown in comparison to before between the @entity75 and the rIFG for theta and @entity1093 frequency band. This case report suggests that 10 Hz rTMS of the @entity75 can normalize activity in the @entity75 and right IFG possibly mediated via altered functional connectivity.

title: Neural correlates of high frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation improvement in post- @entity64 non-fluent XXXX : a case study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['lIFG', 'left inferior frontal gyrus']

answer: @entity2026 :: (MESH:D001037,Disease) :: ['aphasia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Case report of a young @entity1 with a rare @entity5 who received treatment with a personalized multidisciplinary approach to balance management of her @entity5 without compromising survival with her desire for future pregnancy. DESIGN: Case report. SETTING: University hospital. @entity1 (S): A 33-year-old @entity1 , gravida 2, para 1-0-1-1, who had a diagnosis of synovial cell sarcoma of the vulva and who desired future fertility. INTERVENTION(S): At multiple steps, treatment was planned to try to maximize fertility preservation without potentially affecting initial treatment, which included a radical hemivulvectomy with bilateral lymph node dissection, brachytherapy with interstitial needles (20 Gy), and external beam radiation therapy (50 Gy). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Treatment and eradication of the @entity5 and achievement of a successful subsequent pregnancy and live birth. RESULT(S): The @entity1 had no evidence of disease for 2 years after treatment. During that time she received preconception counseling by both a perinatologist and a reproductive endocrinologist. She conceived with the use of ultrasound monitoring to time intercourse specifically with ovulation from the contralateral ovary and had an uncomplicated pregnancy with a term delivery. CONCLUSION(S): By using several disciplines and subspecialists, this @entity1 received personalized treatment for a rare @entity5 , focused at curing her @entity5 and optimizing her future fertility.

title: A multidisciplinary approach to fertility-sparing therapy for a rare XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'vulvar malignancy', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['vulvar tumor']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the use of expandable intramedullary nails, their efficacy, and short-term results in the treatment of femur shaft @entity174 . METHODS: The study included 20 @entity1 (10 females, 10 males; mean age 31 years; range 15 to 75 years) who were treated with expandable intramedullary nails (Fixion intramedullary femur nail) for femur shaft @entity174 . All the @entity174 were closed and were rated as type 32 A or B according to the AO classification. The mean duration from injury to surgery was three days (range 4 hours to 8 days). The results were evaluated using the Thoresen criteria. The mean follow-up was 26 months (range 9 to 38 months). RESULTS: The mean operation time was 79 minutes (range 45 to 120 min). Union was achieved in all the @entity1 in a mean of 12.8 weeks (range 10 to 20 weeks). According to the Thoresen criteria, the results were excellent in 15 @entity1 , good in one @entity1 , fair in three @entity1 , and poor in one @entity1 . The results in all type A middle diaphyseal @entity174 were excellent. Of four @entity1 with A2-3 distal metadiaphyseal @entity174 , one @entity1 had a good result with a valgus of 5 degrees , and three @entity1 had a fair result with a valgus ranging from 8 degrees to 10 degrees , one of which also had 8-mm shortening. Delayed union, early or late infections, @entity2054 , or bone @entity39 were not seen. Of six @entity1 who completed a follow-up of two years, the nails were removed in five @entity1 , whereas removal was not possible in one @entity1 due to a break in the upper part. CONCLUSION: Expandable intramedullary nails offer advantages in terms of ease of application and are less invasive than static nails and reamed applications. However, they may not provide adequate stability in metadiaphyseal regions and in @entity174 with fragments greater than 50%.

title: [Early results of treatment with expandable intramedullary nails in femur shaft XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['fractures']


abstract: Exposure to @entity6701 ( @entity3759 ) nanoparticles (NPs) is associated with lung remodeling, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. @entity3334 is an important actor in matrix homeostasis and could therefore participate in @entity3759 NP effects. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of @entity3759 NPs on @entity3334 expression and activity in lung pulmonary fibroblasts and to understand the underlying mechanisms and assess the importance of the physicochemical characteristics of the particles in these effects. @entity1 pulmonary fibroblasts (MRC-5 cell line and primary cells) were exposed to 10 or 100  g/cm(2) @entity3759 (two anatases, two anatase/rutile mix, one rutile NP, and one micrometric) and @entity17244 (CB) NPs for 6 to 48 hours. We examined cell viability, @entity3334 expression and activity, and the implication of oxidative stress, transforming growth factor (TGF)-b, extracellular MMP inducer, and @entity1356 in @entity3334 expression. All @entity3759 NPs induced @entity3334 (mRNA and protein expression), repression of procollagen-1, and a-actin expression, but only the two anatase/rutile mix induced @entity3334 activity. Micrometric @entity3759 had smaller effects than @entity3759 NPs, and CB NPs did not induce @entity3334 . @entity3334 induction by @entity3759 NPs was not related to @entity2533 , oxidative stress, or EMPRIN expression but was related to @entity1356 expression, which partly drives @entity3334 induction by two @entity3759 NPs (one anatase/rutile mix and the rutile one). Taken together, our results show that @entity3759 NPs are potent inducers and regulators of @entity3334 expression and activity, partly via an @entity1356 -dependent mechanism. This may explain @entity3759 lung remodeling effects.

title: @entity6701 nanoparticles induce @entity3334 in XXXX pulmonary fibroblasts partly via an @entity1356 -dependent mechanism.

entities_list: @entity3334 :: ('4312', 'Gene') :: ['MMP-1', 'Matrix metalloprotease (MMP)-1']

entities_list: @entity17244 :: ('MESH:D053260', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon black']

entities_list: @entity6701 :: ('MESH:C009495', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium dioxide']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In spite of excessive fear during a @entity4697 attack, studies have found no or little evidence for an activation of @entity701 during natural @entity4697 . Whether this phenomenon is related to psychopathology or outcome of psychotherapy is unknown. In this study, 10 @entity1 with @entity4697 and @entity8396 were treated with cognitive behavioural therapy including 3 in-vivo exposures (flooding) to individual phobic situations. Before, during and after exposure, the level of subjective fear was assessed and blood was collected simultaneously. @entity701 and @entity4545 were analysed from plasma. Ten matched healthy control subjects went through the same procedure. Fear and stress hormones during exposure were compared in @entity1 and controls as well as related to therapy outcome at the end of therapy and 2 follow-ups in @entity1 . Results showed that the concentrations of @entity701 and @entity4545 did not significantly increase during exposure. @entity1 ' @entity701 concentrations were higher than those of controls at baseline and during exposure, while @entity4545 concentrations were comparable before and during exposure, and even lower than those of controls at recovery. @entity701 concentrations were moderately but consistently correlated to therapy outcome, i.e. @entity1 with least @entity701 release during exposure profited least from therapy. The study showed that a lack of stimulation of the HPA system at repeated confrontation with the phobic situation was related to therapeutic outcome. Mechanisms of action via the influence of @entity701 on extinction learning or the inhibition of central excitatory neurotransmission are conceivable.

title: Stress hormones during flooding therapy and their relationship to therapy outcome in XXXX with @entity4697 and @entity8396 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4697 :: ('MESH:D016584', 'Disease') :: ['panic', 'panic attacks', 'panic disorder']

entities_list: @entity8396 :: ('MESH:D000379', 'Disease') :: ['agoraphobia']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol', 'cortisol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity746 ( @entity746 ) is a target for cell-replacement therapies, including therapies based on @entity1 neural stem cells (NSCs). These therapies must be first tested in the appropriate animal models, including transgenic rodents harboring @entity224 dismutase ( @entity1367 ) mutations linked to @entity7104 . However, these rodent subjects reject discordant xenografts. In the present investigation, we grafted NSCs from @entity1 embryonic spinal cord into the ventral lumbar cord of 2-month-old @entity1367 - @entity24869 @entity19 . Animals were immunosuppressed with @entity1140 , @entity1140 plus @entity3446 , @entity1140 plus @entity3446 plus @entity618 , or @entity404 antibodies. With @entity1140 monotherapy, @entity1 NSC grafts were rejected within 1 week, whereas combinations of @entity1140 with one or two of the other agents or @entity404 antibodies protected grafts into end-stage illness (i.e., more than 2 months after grafting). The combination of @entity1140 with @entity3446 appeared to be optimal with respect to efficacy and simplicity of administration. Graft protection was achieved via the blockade of @entity404 - and @entity405 -cell infiltration and attenuation of the microglial phagocytic response from the host. Surviving NSCs differentiated extensively into neurons that began to establish networks with host nerve cells, including alpha-motor neurons. Immunosuppressed animals with live cells showed later onset and a slower progression of @entity4681 and lived longer compared with immunosuppressed control animals with dead NSC grafts. Our findings indicate that combined immunosuppression promotes the survival of @entity1 NSCs grafted in the spinal cord of @entity1367 - @entity24869 @entity19 and, in doing so, allows the differentiation of NSCs into neurons and leads to the improvement of key parameters of @entity4681 .

title: Combined immunosuppressive agents or XXXX antibodies prolong survival of @entity1 neural stem cell grafts and improve disease outcomes in @entity746 @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity4681 :: ('MESH:D016472', 'Disease') :: ['motor neuron disease']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALS', 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

entities_list: @entity7104 :: ('MESH:C531617', 'Disease') :: ['familial ALS']

answer: @entity404 :: (920,Gene) :: ['CD4']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   Preoperative radiological assessment is important for clarification of surgical operability for advanced @entity6732 . Objective was to determine the feasibility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with cine sequences for evaluation of @entity65 invasion. @entity1 and Methods   This prospective study included @entity1 with advanced @entity704 , who underwent surgical resection. All @entity1 received preoperative computed tomography (CT) scan and cine MRI. Results   Tumor infiltration was surgically confirmed in the pericardium (n   =   12), myocardium (n   =   1), superior caval vein ( @entity6723 ; n   =   3), and aorta (n   =   2). A macroscopic complete resection was possible in 10 @entity1 , whereas 2 @entity1 with aortic or @entity296 invasion had R2 resection. The positive predictive value ( @entity2286 ) was 50% for cine MRI compared with 0% for CT scan regarding @entity296 infiltration. The @entity2286 for @entity5 infiltration of the aorta was 50%, with a higher sensitivity for the CT scan (100 vs. 50%). Infiltration of the @entity6723 could be detected slightly better with cine MRI ( @entity2286 75 vs. 66.7%). Conclusion   Cine MRI seems to improve the accuracy of preoperative staging of advanced @entity704 regarding infiltration of cardiovascular structures and supports the surgical approach.

title: Impact of Surgical Evaluation of Additional Cine Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Advanced XXXX with Infiltration of Adjacent Structures: The Thoracic Surgeon's View.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial tumor']

entities_list: @entity6732 :: ('MESH:D013953', 'Disease') :: ['thymic tumors']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular tumor']

answer: @entity704 :: (MESH:D013945,Disease) :: ['Thymoma']


abstract: Preoperative characterization of @entity1374 is challenging. Fine-needle aspiration specimens cannot differentiate @entity189 from @entity5 . Recently, promising markers have been detected using modern molecular techniques. We conducted a retrospective study to confirm the usefulness of immunohistochemical staining for the protein markers, @entity3726 , @entity30966 ( @entity30966 ), @entity14441 and @entity30967 ( @entity30967 ) in separating benign and malignant @entity1374 . Formalin-fixed, @entity982 -embedded thyroid tissue from 30 in-house cases (15 @entity189 and 15 @entity652 ), as well as 8 @entity189 and 21 @entity652 on tissue microarray slides were stained immunohistochemically for @entity3726 , @entity30966 , @entity14441 and @entity30967 expression. Control tissue consisted of thyroid parenchyma adjacent to the @entity5 and 11 separate cases of normal thyroid parenchyma. All in-house cases of @entity652 , @entity189 and adjacent normal thyroid tissue showed positive immunostaining with anti- @entity3726 and anti- @entity30966 . Anti- @entity14441 and anti- @entity30967 polyclonal antibodies showed positive staining in 20 and 60% of in-house @entity652 , and 40 and 87% of in-house @entity189 , respectively. Monoclonal anti- @entity30967 demonstrated positive staining in 13 and 33% of in-house @entity652 and @entity189 , respectively. Polyclonal anti- @entity3726 , - @entity30966 and - @entity30967 antibodies showed positive staining in all tissue microarray slides of @entity189 and in 76, 85 and 81% of the @entity652 , respectively. Monoclonal anti- @entity30966 stained 81% of the follicular adenoma cores. Anti- @entity14441 stained positive in 13% of @entity189 and 10% of @entity652 on the tissue microarray slides. In conclusion, @entity3726 , @entity30966 , @entity14441 and @entity30967 immunohistochemistry does not appear to be useful in the diagnosis of @entity1374 , as they do not reliably distinguish @entity259 from @entity259 .

title: The new molecular markers @entity3726 , @entity30966 , @entity14441 and XXXX are not useful in diagnosing thyroid follicular tumors.

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid follicular lesions', 'thyroid follicular neoplasias']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['benign follicular neoplasias', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['follicular carcinomas', 'follicular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['follicular adenomas']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['follicular thyroid carcinoma', 'follicular thyroid adenoma']

answer: @entity30967 :: (116496,Gene) :: ['FAM129A']


abstract: The acute in vitro brain slice model is a widely used neurophysiological research tool. When applying this method, most researchers continuously perfuse slices with carbogenated artificial cerebrospinal fluid (ACSF) to maintain pH balance and tissue @entity26 delivery. Common wisdom suggests that static recordings are incompatible with submerged bath methodology because of deficiency in tissue @entity26 supply. However, to our knowledge this has not been tested. In this study, we wanted to determine whether neocortical @entity19 slice viability could be maintained in the medium term (up to 2h) in a shallow, submerged recording bath under non-perfused, static conditions. @entity410 ( @entity410 ) were generated in the slices utilizing no- @entity1760 ACSF and recorded for 2h under three conditions: (1) perfused ACSF condition (n=8), where slices were perfused continuously with carbogenated no- @entity1760 ACSF; (2) static ACSF condition (n=12), where slices were recorded in pre-carbogenated, but non-perfused (static) no- @entity1760 ACSF; and (3) static HEPES ACSF condition (n=12), where slices were recorded in non-perfused (static) no- @entity1760 ACSF with no pre-carbogenation but buffered with HEPES. @entity1252 activity was stable for 2h across all three conditions. There was no statistically significant difference in @entity1252 frequency, amplitude or length between static and perfused conditions. @entity1252 frequency and amplitude were generally lower in the static HEPES buffer condition. The data indicate that robust and stable neocortical @entity1252 activity can be generated for at least 2h in a submersion bath without ACSF perfusion if pH is adequately controlled.

title: Testing neocortical slice viability in non-perfused no- XXXX artificial cerebrospinal fluid solutions.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['SLEs', 'Seizure-like events']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1760 :: (MESH:D008274,Chemical) :: ['magnesium']


abstract: Our objective was to investigate the impact of @entity1499 , @entity1311 , @entity1260 , and @entity900 (M-TIP) on long-term fertility in poor-risk nonseminomatous @entity2971 (NSGCT). Thirty @entity1 with poor-risk NSGCT (median age, 29 years; range, 17-62 years) were treated with @entity1499 250 mg/m(2) with @entity4181 rescue (day 1) and @entity1311 175 mg/m(2) (day 1), followed by @entity1260 1.2 g/m(2) and @entity900 20 mg/m(2) (days 2-6). Treatment consisted of 4 cycles of M-TIP administered every 3 weeks. Twenty-one @entity1 were continuously disease-free at a median follow-up of 5.3 years (range, 0.9-8.4 years). Sperm count and hormonal analyses were examined prechemotherapy (30 @entity1 ) and postchemotherapy (21 @entity1 ). Counts were classified as follows: lower than 1 x 10(6)/mL, @entity3893 ; 1-20 x 10(6)/mL, @entity6660 ( @entity6660 ); higher than 20 x 10(6)/mL, normospermia (NS). @entity1 were followed for a median of 2.3 years (range, 0.9-3.8 years) postchemotherapy. The prechemotherapy median luteinizing hormone (LH) serum levels were slightly above the upper normal limit, whereas the serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and @entity251 (T) were within the reference interval. Eleven (52.3%) @entity1 had NS prechemotherapy. Among the @entity1 with NS, 72.7% still had NS following chemotherapy. Overall, 17 of 21 (80.9%; 33.3% @entity6660 and 47.6% NS) @entity1 had recovery of spermatogenesis after treatment. The median FSH serum levels were significantly elevated at least 1 year postchemotherapy when compared with the pretreatment levels. Eighteen months after the completion of chemotherapy the median FSH levels had returned to the reference limits. Serum LH and T levels were unaffected by chemotherapy. Prior to chemotherapy 4 of 30 @entity1 had fathered 5 @entity1 . Since completion of chemotherapy, 5 @entity1 have fathered 5 @entity1 . The majority of @entity1 with poor-risk @entity2971 who were treated with the M-TIP regimen demonstrated recovery spermatogenesis after treatment, and Leydig cell function was unaffected.

title: Testicular function in poor-risk nonseminomatous @entity2971 treated with XXXX , @entity1311 , @entity1260 , and @entity900 combination chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity2971 :: ('MESH:D009373', 'Disease') :: ['germ cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['oligospermia', 'OS']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The coronary @entity460 score (CCS) provides independent diagnostic and prognostic information on top of myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) in @entity1 suspected for @entity453 , but requires an additional computed tomography (CT) scan. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the accuracy and inter-reader reproducibility of visual estimation of the CCS on the CT used for attenuation correction. METHODS: 250 @entity1 undergoing single photon emission computed tomography MPI and Agatston CCS were included. The CCS was also visually estimated on the CT for attenuation correction by two separate readers blinded to the Agatston CCS, and was categorized into a six-point scale (0, 1-10, 11-100, 101-400, 401-1000 and  >  1000). RESULTS: The median Agatston CCS was 82 [25th-75th percentile: 0-562], with a range from 0 to 7287. Of the visually estimated CCS, 60% (reader 1) and 65% (reader 2) were classified correctly into the 6 categories. 93% (reader 1) and 88% (reader 2) of the visually estimated CCS did not vary by more than one category from the Agatston CCS. The intraclass correlation coefficient for agreement between the Agatston CCS and the visually estimated CCS was 0.95 for reader 1 and 0.94 for reader 2. The intraclass correlation coefficient for inter-reader reproducibility of the visually estimated CCS was 0.96. CONCLUSION: The CCS can be accurately estimated on the CT for attenuation correction, as high agreement is demonstrated with the Agatston CCS and inter-reader reproducibility is excellent. If no traditional Agatston CCS is performed, the degree of @entity731 should be assessed by means of estimating CCS on the CT for attenuation correction.

title: Visual estimation of coronary XXXX on computed tomography for attenuation correction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['calcium']


abstract: Regional selectivity of @entity801 (GM) @entity2167 was studied in @entity840 (GPs) using electrophysiological, morphological, autoradiographic and immunohistological observations following combined treatment with GM (150 mg/kg i.m.) and @entity7734 (EA) (30 mg/kg i.c. or i.v., 1.5 h after GM injection). The GPs were either continuously stimulated every 5 min with a series of 256 clicks (70 dB peSPL, 10/s) during 3 h for monitoring fast changes in VIII nerve compound action potential (CAP) after the EA injection, and thereafter kept in the animal quarters (background noise of 60 dB SPL) (group I), or similarly monitored for only 10 min after the EA injection and thereafter kept in a soundproof room (around 0 dB SPL) (group II). Whenever GM labelling was observed it was localized only in the sensory hair cells. From 3 h after EA injection, the GPs in group I presented threshold elevations in the high-frequency region, which progressed to 60-80 dB at all frequencies at and after 48 h. Parallel to the threshold pattern, GM uptake in outer hair cells (OHCs) was seen with an increasing concentration from apex toward base from 3 to 24 h, while after 48 h almost all OHCs were destroyed and inner hair cells (IHCs) were marked by GM. In group II no changes in CAP thresholds were observed until more than 24 h, although GM was detected in the hair cells from 6 h on. At this early stage, the distribution of GM lacked a clear pattern, particularly without a clear apex-base gradient, and GM deposits were found only around the basal body. However in both groups, in late stage (greater than 24 h), the base-apex gradient was more pronounced and GM was found throughout the cell body, with a marked concentration below the cuticular plate. These results suggest that GM may penetrate hair cells around the basal body and that activating the cells by sound potentiates both GM uptake and its intracellular @entity137 .

title: Dynamic changes following combined treatment with XXXX and @entity7734 with and without acoustic stimulation. Cellular uptake and functional correlates.

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity7734 :: ('MESH:D004976', 'Chemical') :: ['ethacrynic acid']

answer: @entity801 :: (MESH:D005839,Chemical) :: ['gentamicin']


abstract: AIMS: @entity0 ( @entity0 ) is the most frequent @entity5 in @entity1 , representing 20-30% of all @entity5 , and continues to be the leading cause of @entity5 deaths among European @entity1 . @entity549 ( @entity549 ) @entity0 biological @entity146 is associated with a higher dissemination rate, with central nervous system (CNS) @entity3 common. This study aims to elucidate the association between gene expression profiles of @entity3840 , @entity20107 and @entity34761 and the development of CNS @entity3 in TNBC. METHODS: This is a case-controlled retrospective study comparing @entity1 (pts) with CNS @entity3 versus @entity1 without them after adjuvant treatment. The selection of the samples was performed including 30 samples in both case and control groups. @entity406 -fixed, @entity982 -embedded samples were retrieved from the Hospital 12 de Octubre Biobank. Five 10   m sections from each FFPE sample were deparaffinised with @entity11574 and washed with @entity1068 , and the RNA was then extracted with the RecoverAll Kit (Ambion). Gene expression was assessed using TaqMan assays. RESULTS: A total of 53 @entity1 were included in the study. The average age was 55 years (range 25-85). About 47 @entity1 (88.67%) had ductal histology and presented high grade (III) tumours (40 @entity1 ; 75.47%). Eight @entity1 in the case group presented first distant recurrence in the CNS (34.80%), local recurrence (three @entity1 , 13.04%), lungs (two @entity1 ; 8.7%), bone (one @entity1 ; 4.34%) and other locations (seven @entity1 ; 30.38%). In the control group, first distant recurrence occurred locally (six @entity1 ; 46.1%), in bone (two @entity1 ; 15.4%), lungs (one @entity1 ; 7.7%) and other sites (four @entity1 ; 23.1%). RNA was successfully obtained from 53 out of 60 samples. @entity3840 , @entity20107 , and @entity34761 expression values were not related to @entity3 location. CONCLUSION: @entity5 frequently metastasise to the visceral organs, particularly lungs and brain, and are less common in bone. The literature suggests that expression of the three genes of interest ( @entity3840 , @entity20107 , and @entity34761 ) could be different in TNBC @entity1 with CNS @entity3 when compared to @entity1 without it. We did not find a differential expression pattern in @entity3840 , @entity20107 , and @entity34761 genes in primary TNBC showing CNS @entity3 . Further studies are needed to clarify the role of these genes in CNS @entity3 in TNBC @entity1 .

title: Characterisation of the triple negative XXXX phenotype associated with the development of central nervous system metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['Breast cancer', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'cancer', 'tumour', 'TN tumours']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['Formalin']

entities_list: @entity549 :: ('MESH:D064726', 'Disease') :: ['Triple-negative', 'TN']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastasis']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: To estimate the safety and efficacy of performing concurrent anterior and posterior transvaginal mesh surgery using a commercially available kit (Gynecare PROLIFT Pelvic Floor Repair System; Ethicon, Inc., Somerville, NJ) for treatment of advanced @entity3577 (stage III or higher, Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification [POP-Q] system staging). DESIGN: Case control series study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2). SETTING: Medical school-affiliated hospital. @entity1 : Forty-three @entity1 with severe prolapse, POP-Q stage III (n=23) or IV (n=20), underwent surgery and were followed up for more than 1 year. In @entity1 with any prolapse greater than stage I, surgery were considered to have functional failure. The Surgical Satisfaction Questionnaire was used for subjective evaluation at 1 year postoperatively. INTERVENTIONS: Extensive pelvic reconstructive procedures were primarily performed using a combination of the @entity530 (i.e., similar to sparing the intermediate section of the PROLIFT total pelvic system). The concurrent pelvic surgery included sequential vaginal total hysterectomy, perineorrhaphy, and suburethra sling, if indicated. Additional subjective and objective evaluations included POP-Q staging, urodynamic assessment, and preoperative and 12-month postoperative questionnaires. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Objective and subjective data were available for 42 @entity1 . The subjective cure rate and objective success rate for prolapse at 12-month follow-up was 95.2% and 97.6%, respectively. Mean follow-up was 15.7 months, operation time was 79.2 minutes, operative @entity190 was 109.1 mL, and postoperative hospital stay was 4.1 days. Intraoperative and @entity260 were minor. All @entity1 voided spontaneously before discharge. One mesh extrusion, no wound defective healing, and no rejection were observed. Two @entity1 developed asymptomatic recurrent rectocele (stage II, POP-Q staging) that required no surgical intervention. Urodynamic parameters related to @entity409 improved after surgery. Significant improvements were found using the Incontinence Impact Questionnaire and the Urogenital Distress Inventory. CONCLUSION: Using concurrent anterior and posterior transvaginal mesh for pelvic reconstructive surgery is a safe and an effective method for treating @entity1442 . Mesh-related complications are likely minimal, and mesh protrusion at the apex is likely to not occur. Further studies with longer follow-up are required to evaluate long-term effectiveness.

title: One-year outcome of concurrent anterior and posterior transvaginal mesh surgery for treatment of advanced XXXX : case series.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['voiding dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['PROLIFT anterior and posterior pelvic systems']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced pelvic prolapse']

entities_list: @entity3577 :: ('MESH:D056887', 'Disease') :: ['urogenital prolapse']

answer: @entity3577 :: (MESH:D056887,Disease) :: ['urogenital prolapse']


abstract: Prenatal stress and associated in utero exposure to elevated levels of stress hormones can adversely affect the development of the central nervous system, thereby increasing the risk of mental illnesses in later life. Here, we examined the impact of prenatal exposure to chronic mild stress (CMS) on locomotion, @entity148 -related behaviour, cognition and hippocampal serotonergic neurotransmission in juvenile and adult B6D2F2 @entity19 , and whether antidepressant treatment in adulthood could reverse the observed behavioural disturbances. Pregnant B6D2F1 female @entity19 were either subjected to CMS or left undisturbed until parturition. Three-week and 7-week-old male and female offspring were assessed in the open-field, novel object recognition and contextual fear conditioning tests. Hippocampal levels of @entity750 and its major metabolite were then quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. Some prenatally-stressed adult females were treated with @entity3659 (20mg/kg/day in drinking water) for 10 days, from the day prior to onset of behavioural testing. In a separate experiment, amniotic fluid was collected from stressed and non-stressed dams on gestational (G) days 13 and 18 to quantify levels of @entity2819 . We found that prenatal CMS specifically @entity73 performance in adult females. @entity3659 elevated hippocampal @entity750 levels and attenuated these @entity73 . @entity2819 levels in the amniotic fluid were increased by CMS on G13 but by G18, the levels in non-stressed dams reached those of stressed dams. These results suggest that female @entity19 are particularly vulnerable to the adverse developmental effects of prenatal stress which can be improved by appropriate treatment strategies including antidepressants.

title: Prenatal exposure to chronic mild stress increases @entity2819 levels in the amniotic fluid and induces XXXX in female offspring, improved by treatment with the antidepressant drug @entity3659 .

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['Amitriptyline', 'amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits', 'impaired learning and memory']

entities_list: @entity2819 :: ('MESH:D003345', 'Chemical') :: ['Corticosterone', 'corticosterone']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive deficits']


abstract: @entity8864 reductase is a unique dual cofactor- and pH-dependent enzyme that converts @entity8864 to @entity648 and displays extensive inter-organ pI and molecular weight microheterogeneity. Presently we have explored the molecular basis for these properties. The @entity535 composition and the sequences of @entity2733 termini plus five tryptic fragments of purified @entity35 liver and kidney enzymes were obtained. A 62-nucleotide DNA probe was designed and in combination with antibody was used to screen a @entity35 kidney cDNA library. A cDNA sequence of 1108 base pairs (bp) containing an 885-bp open reading frame was generated. The cloned cDNA probe detected a single mRNA of approximately 1500 bp in liver and kidney. The open reading frame encodes a 295 @entity535 protein. @entity1853 and @entity2574 residues at positions 1 and 2 of the deduced protein are removed during processing. The deduced @entity535 composition of the mature protein closely matched that of the purified @entity35 liver and kidney enzymes. All liver peptides were found in the deduced @entity535 sequence of kidney enzyme and the @entity2733 termini of both enzymes were identical. The expressed protein co-migrated with purified reductase and was recognized by antiserum to the enzyme. The expressed reductase displayed two distinct pH optima using a different cofactor at each pH: @entity2125 at the lower pH 6.7-6.9 range and @entity1110 at pH 8.5-8.7. The findings suggest that the liver and kidney enzymes are the products of the same transcript(s) and that their microheterogeneity may reflect tissue-specific post-translational modifications.

title: Expression and characterization of a cDNA for XXXX kidney @entity8864 reductase. Evidence suggesting the liver and kidney enzymes are the same transcript product.

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity8864 :: ('MESH:D001664', 'Chemical') :: ['Biliverdin', 'biliverdin']

entities_list: @entity1853 :: ('MESH:D008715', 'Chemical') :: ['Methionine']

entities_list: @entity2574 :: ('CHEBI:22660', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartic acid']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical and radiological long-term results of recanalization of chronic occluded iliac arteries with balloon angioplasty and stent placement. METHODS: Sixty-nine occluded iliac arteries (mean length 8.1 cm; range 4-16 cm) in 67 @entity1 were treated by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty and stent placement. Evaluations included clinical assessment according to Fontaine stages, Doppler examinations with ankle-brachial index (ABI) and bilateral lower extremity arteriograms. Wallstent and Cragg vascular stents were inserted for iliac artery recanalization under local anesthesia. Follow-up lasted 1-83 months (mean 29.5 months). RESULTS: Technical success rate was 97.1% (67 of 69). The mean ABI increased from 0.46 to 0.85 within 30 days after treatment and was 0.83 at the most recent follow-up. Mean hospitalization time was 2 days and major complications included arterial @entity715 (3%), @entity397 (3%) and distal embolization (1%). During follow-up 6% stenosis and 9% @entity715 of the stents were observed. Clinical improvement occurred in 92% of @entity1 . Primary and secondary patency rates were 75% and 95%, respectively. CONCLUSION: The long-term patency rates and clinical benefits suggest that percutaneous endovascular revascularization with metallic stents is a safe and effective treatment for @entity1 with chronic @entity432 .

title: Percutaneous endovascular treatment of chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['arterial rupture']

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['iliac artery occlusion']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['iliac artery occlusion']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate additional information provided by maps of relative cerebral blood flow in functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of @entity1 hyperacute cerebral @entity385 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Diffusion-weighted and hemodynamic MR imaging were performed in 23 @entity1 less than 12 hours after the onset of symptoms. Maps of relative cerebral blood flow and tracer mean tissue transit time were computed, as were maps of apparent diffusion and relative cerebral blood volume. Acute lesion volumes on the maps were compared with follow-up imaging findings. RESULTS: In 15 of 23 subjects (65%), blood flow maps revealed @entity854 not visible on blood volume maps. A mismatch between initial blood flow and diffusion findings predicted growth of @entity1188 more often (12 of 15 subjects with @entity1188 that grew) than did a mismatch between initial blood volume and diffusion findings (eight of 15). However, lesion volumes on blood volume and diffusion maps correlated better with eventual @entity1188 volumes (r > 0.90) than did those on blood flow and tracer mean transit time maps (r approximately 0.6), likely as a result of threshold effects. In eight @entity1 , blood volume was elevated around the diffusion abnormality, suggesting a compensatory hemodynamic response. CONCLUSION: MR imaging can delineate areas of altered blood flow, blood volume, and water mobility in hyperacute @entity1 @entity64 . Predictive models of tissue outcome may benefit by including computation of both relative cerebral blood flow and blood volume.

title: XXXX : simultaneous measurement of relative cerebral blood volume, relative cerebral blood flow, and mean tissue transit time.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['hemodynamic abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct', 'infarcts']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['Hyperacute stroke']


abstract: AIMS: To compare the use of biotinylated and @entity1859 labelled probes for diagnosis of @entity1 fetal @entity8344 @entity281 in formalin fixed, @entity982 wax embedded tissues; and to assess the cellular distribution of the virus in positive cases. METHODS: Sections of lung tissue from 23 cases of anatomically normal non-immune fetal @entity4 presenting between 1984 and 1989, and from 13 control cases of @entity4 due to @entity2008 were probed for @entity8344 DNA by in situ hybridisation using both biotinylated and @entity1859 labelled probes. The distribution of the virus was then investigated in all cases of fetal @entity8344 @entity281 confirmed in this laboratory to date (n = 11) by combining in situ hybridisation for viral DNA (using the @entity1859 system) with immunohistological labelling for a range of cellular antigens. RESULTS: Five unequivocal cases of @entity8344 @entity281 were identified among the 23 fetuses with unexplained @entity4 using both probe labels. When combined with data from previous studies of the period 1974-1983, the results indicate that @entity8344 @entity281 was responsible for 27% of cases of anatomically normal non-immune @entity4 and 8% of all cases, of non-immune @entity4 presenting to this hospital over 15 years. False positive signal was seen in an additional three cases, using biotinylated probes. @entity1859 labelled probes gave greater specificity and permitted detailed investigation of tissues high in endogenous @entity1885 . Though most cells containing @entity8344 DNA colabelled as erythroid precursors, viral DNA was frequently detected within mononuclear-phagocytic cells. In three cases viral signal was also found within occasional myocardial cells labelled by antibody to desmin. CONCLUSIONS: A relatively high proportion of cases of anatomically normal, non-immune @entity4 are caused by @entity8344 @entity281 . @entity1859 is a more reliable probe label than @entity1885 for in situ hybridisation in archival fetal tissues. Double labelling for cellular antigens and viral nucleic acid is a powerful technique for investigating virus-host cell interactions, and provides evidence that cell types other than those of erythroid lineage may have a role in @entity1 fetal @entity8543 .

title: Non-isotopic in situ hybridisation and immunophenotyping of infected cells in the investigation of @entity1 fetal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['hydrops']

entities_list: @entity1859 :: ('MESH:D004076', 'Chemical') :: ['digoxigenin', 'Digoxigenin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity982 :: ('MESH:D010232', 'Chemical') :: ['paraffin']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormality']

entities_list: @entity8543 :: ('MESH:D010322', 'Disease') :: ['parvovirus infection']

answer: @entity8543 :: (MESH:D010322,Disease) :: ['parvovirus infection']


abstract: PURPOSE: The stability of doripenem 500 and 1000 mg in @entity2634 ( @entity2634 ) bags and elastomeric pumps at various storage temperatures was evaluated. METHODS: Commercially available doripenem vials were reconstituted and mixed with either 0.9% @entity2827 injection or 5% @entity413 injection to produce 100-mL solutions with concentrations of 5 and 10 mg/mL. Six replicate solutions in either PVC bags or elastomeric pumps were prepared. Bags were sampled immediately after preparation and stored at 25 degrees C, 4 degrees C, or -20 degrees C. Those stored at 25 degrees C were sampled for an additional 48 hours, and bags stored at 4 degrees C were sampled for 12 days. Bags frozen at -20 degrees C for 14-28 days were allowed to thaw at either 25 degrees C for 4-6 hours or 4 degrees C for 24 hours and sampled for an additional 48 hours. Solutions retaining > or =90% of the initial concentration were considered stable. RESULTS: At 25 degrees C, both concentrations were stable for 24 hours in 0.9% @entity2827 injection and for 16 hours in 5% @entity413 injection. At 4 degrees C, 5-mg/mL solutions were stable for 10 days in both 0.9% @entity2827 injection and 5% @entity413 injection, while 10-mg/mL solutions were stable for 10 days in 0.9% @entity2827 injection and 7 days in 5% @entity413 injection. A white precipitate, which returned to solution by shaking, was noted after thawing the frozen containers. Whether thawed at 4 degrees C or 25 degrees C, both 5- and 10-mg/mL solutions were stable for 16 hours at 25 degrees C. CONCLUSION: Doripenem 5- and 10-mg/mL solutions were stable for 24 hours at 25 degrees C when diluted in 0.9% @entity2827 injection. When diluted in 5% @entity413 injection, the stability of both concentrations of doripenem decreased to 16 hours at 25 degrees C. When stored at 4 degrees C, 5-mg/mL solutions in either 0.9% @entity2827 or 5% @entity413 injection were stable for at least 10 days, and all solutions containing @entity19010 10 mg/mL were stable for at least 7 days. Both concentrations of doripenem were stable for 16 hours when previously frozen and thawed at 25 degrees C and 4 degrees C. The rate of doripenem degradation was similar between PVC and elastomeric containers.

title: Stability of doripenem in XXXX bags and elastomeric pumps.

entities_list: @entity2634 :: ('MESH:D011143', 'Chemical') :: ['PVC', 'polyvinyl chloride']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity19010 :: ('MESH:C099245', 'Chemical') :: ['doripenem']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['dextrose']

answer: @entity2634 :: (MESH:D011143,Chemical) :: ['polyvinyl chloride']


abstract: PREMISES AND AIM: The study wants to reveal the general and local clinical aspects, which may accompany the @entity30550 and create difficulties in treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The clinical and statistical study was carried out on 40 edentulous @entity1 ; we analyzed general aspects (the present medical status, the @entity1 's medication and its effects) and local aspects (the etiology, the type of previous denture treatment, the type and number of denture's repairs, the extent of the residual ridge resorption, the relationship between residual ridges), the total difficulty of the treatment. RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS: 80% of the edentulous @entity1 suffered from @entity66 , more frequent from cardiovascular, digestive, metabolic, renal, @entity627 . 73% of the edentulous @entity1 received daily medication, which generated in 30% of cases a decrease of the saliva volume. The demand for prosthetic treatment was greater for the recent edentulous @entity1 (less then 1-2 years of edentulousness) or for those who lost their teeth more then 6 years ago. The majority of @entity1 over 70 years are completely bimaxillary edentulous @entity1 , 68% of them had previous bimaxillary dentures. We found the bone resorption moderate (50% of cases) and severe (33% of @entity1 ), the relationship of the residual ridges inverse in the anterior and posterior zones (60% of @entity1 ) and normal in the anterior zone and inverse in the posterior zone (28%). The difficulty of the treatment was frequently 3Pd degree for the maxilla and 4t' degree for the mandible (the maximum degree of difficulty). CONCLUSIONS: The completely edentulous @entity1 presents a number of general and local modifications, which increase the difficulty of the treatment, demand supplementary therapeutic procedures, and increase the total cost. The modifications of the oral structures demand specific therapeutic procedures, and in some cases the frequent renewal or adaptation of dentures (every 3-5 years); all those costs must be took over by the insurance company, because of their social status (pensioners).

title: [Epidemiologic aspects of the @entity30550 (II). General and local features of the totally XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity30550 :: ('MESH:D009066', 'Disease') :: ['completely edentulous mouth']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic diseases']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['general diseases']

answer: @entity30550 :: (MESH:D009066,Disease) :: ['edentulous mouth']


abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the effects of stress @entity1066 (SUP) versus placebo or no prophylaxis on all-cause mortality, @entity360 and @entity55 in adult @entity3124 @entity1 in the intensive care unit (ICU). METHODS: We performed a systematic review using meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis ( @entity10319 ). Eligible trials were randomised clinical trials comparing proton pump inhibitors or @entity112 2 receptor antagonists with either placebo or no prophylaxis. Two reviewers independently assessed studies for inclusion and extracted data. The Cochrane Collaboration methodology was used. Risk ratios/relative risks (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated. The predefined outcome measures were all-cause mortality, @entity360 , and @entity55 . RESULTS: Twenty trials (n = 1,971) were included; all were judged as having a high risk of bias. There was no statistically significant difference in mortality (fixed effect: RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.84-1.20; P = 0.87; I(2) = 0%) or @entity55 (random effects: RR 1.23, 95% CI 0.86-1.78; P = 0.28; I(2) = 19%) between SUP @entity1 and the no prophylaxis/placebo @entity1 . These findings were confirmed in the @entity10319 . With respect to @entity360 , a statistically significant difference was found in the conventional meta-analysis (random effects: RR 0.44, 95% CI 0.28-0.68; P = 0.01; I(2) = 48%); however, @entity10319 ( @entity10319 adjusted 95% CI 0.18-1.11) and subgroup analyses could not confirm this finding. CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review using meta-analysis and @entity10319 demonstrated that both the quality and the quantity of evidence supporting the use of SUP in adult ICU @entity1 is low. Consequently, large randomised clinical trials are warranted.

title: Stress XXXX versus placebo or no prophylaxis in @entity3124 @entity1 . A systematic review of randomised clinical trials with meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['hospital-acquired pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer prophylaxis']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critically ill']

entities_list: @entity112 :: ('MESH:D006632', 'Chemical') :: ['histamine']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['GI bleeding', 'gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding']

answer: @entity1066 :: (MESH:D014456,Disease) :: ['ulcer prophylaxis']


abstract: The leader (called omega) of @entity21104 RNA enhances translation in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Although little secondary structure is predicted to exist within omega, the primary sequence of the 68 base leader is highly organized. Three copies of an eight base direct repeat and a ( @entity3386 )n region represent the two motifs found in the leaders of many @entity21104 strains, and together these comprise 72% of omega. In previous deletion studies, no mutants exhibited loss-of-function, suggesting that functional redundancy exists within omega. We report here that a more comprehensive deletion analysis identified the motifs involved in translational enhancement. In a separate approach, oligonucleotides containing the sequence of each motif were used to construct leaders that varied in the number and configuration of the motifs. beta-Glucuronidase mRNA constructs containing these mutant leaders were synthesized in vitro and their translational efficiency measured in vivo following mRNA delivery to @entity10786 protoplasts via electroporation. A combination of one copy of the 8 base direct repeat and a 25 base ( @entity3386 )n region was identified as the core regulatory element, although the ( @entity3386 )n motif is more critical. Two copies of the ( @entity3386 )n region are sufficient to confer a high level of enhancement and a leader composed of multiple copies of the direct repeat is moderately enhancing. Thus, these two motifs are functionally redundant.

title: Identification of the motifs within the XXXX 5'-leader responsible for enhancing translation.

entities_list: @entity21104 :: ('12242', 'Species') :: ['TMV', 'tobacco mosaic virus']

answer: @entity21104 :: (12242,Species) :: ['tobacco mosaic virus']


abstract: This study tested the hypothesis that very young @entity1 who received more @entity1286 for acute burns would have larger decreases in posttraumatic symptoms 3 to 6 months later. This has never before been studied in very young @entity1 , despite the high frequency of burns and @entity130 in this age group. Seventy 12- to 48-month-old nonvented @entity1 with acute burns admitted to a major pediatric burn center and their parents participated. Parents were interviewed at three time points: during their @entity1 's hospitalization, 1 month, and 3 to 6 months after discharge. Measures included the @entity1 @entity66 Checklist - Burn Version (CSDC-B). Chart reviews were conducted to obtain @entity1 's @entity1286 dosages during hospitalization. Mean equivalency dosages of @entity1286 (mg/kg/d) were calculated to combine oral and intravenous administrations. Eleven @entity1 had complete 3 to 6-month data on the CSDC. The correlation between average @entity1286 dose and amount of decrease in @entity1005 symptoms on the CSDC (r = -0.32) was similar to that found in studies with older @entity1 . The correlation between @entity1286 dose and amount of decrease in symptoms on the arousal cluster of the CSDC was significant (r = -0.63, P < .05). Findings from the current study suggest that, for young @entity1 , management of @entity158 with higher doses of @entity1286 may be associated with a decreasing number of @entity1005 symptoms, especially those of arousal, in the months after major @entity130 . This extends, with very young @entity1 , the previous findings with 6- to 16-year olds.

title: Preliminary evidence for the effects of @entity1286 on XXXX symptoms in one- to four-year-olds with burns.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Child', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Stress Disorders']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1005 :: (MESH:D013313,Disease) :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity943 originating from the papillary muscle (VA-PM) is characterized by multiple exits and morphologic alternations. The conventional ablation strategy relies on activation mapping, but the results might be suboptimal. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to propose a novel pacemapping strategy aimed at multiple exits using high-output software as a complementary approach to the conventional strategy. METHODS: A consecutive 13 @entity1 with VA-PM were enrolled in this study. Novel pacemapping based on an automatic matching algorithm and integrated electroanatomic mapping was used to quantify the morphology variation in these @entity1 and to identify the potential exits of VA-PM. Complementary ablation targeting at the best matching site of each morphology was performed. RESULTS: Twelve of 13 @entity1 (92%) experienced morphologic alternation, and a total of 34 morphologies were detected (2.6    1.0 per @entity1 ). A total of 23 (68%) morphologies were detected as spontaneous @entity1540 (VPCs) before procedure, and 4 morphologies (12%) were induced under @entity3044 infusion. Another 7 of 34 morphologies (21%) could be found only after radiofrequency ablation attempts. Exits with a high pacemapping correlation index for corresponding morphology would be mapped, so preferential exits could be identified. Mean interexit distance was 15.1    5.9 mm. Acute success rate was 100%. During mean follow-up of 12.2    6.9 months, only 1 case recurred with @entity1165 . Although 3 cases recurred with different @entity296 , the VPC burden decreased from 16.3%    8.8% to 2.6%    1.7%. CONCLUSION: This novel pacemapping strategy could effectively eliminate multiple exits as a complementary approach to the conventional strategy.

title: Ablation of XXXX originating at the papillary muscle using an automatic pacemapping module.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['VPC morphologies']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['pleomorphic ventricular premature complexes']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoproterenol']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular arrhythmia']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['ventricular arrhythmia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To test the sensitivity to change of ultrasonographic endpoints in early phase clinical trials in subjects with active @entity309 ( @entity309 ). METHODS: A double-blind, placebo and comparator controlled, randomised, two-centre study investigated the effect on synovial thickness and vascularity of 28 days repeat daily oral dosing of 60 mg of the inducible @entity842 synthase inhibitor @entity27483 or 7.5 mg @entity617 in @entity309 . Fifty @entity1 with DAS28 scores >= 4.0 were assigned to 3 treatment arms of 17, 19 and 14 (on placebo, @entity27483 and @entity617 respectively). Synovial thickness and vascularity of all 10 metacarpophalangeal joints were assessed by ultrasonography using a semi-quantitative scale at baseline (Day 1), Day 15 and Day 28. Vascularity was also measured quantitatively by power Doppler area. RESULTS: At Day 28, the @entity27483 group showed a trend towards reduction in synovial thickness compared with placebo, with an adjusted mean decrease of 33% (p=0.072); the @entity617 group decreased significantly by 44% (p=0.011). Similarly, there was a trend to reduced synovial vascularity with @entity27483 by 42% compared with placebo (p=0.075); @entity617 resulted in a statistically significant decrease of 55% (p=0.012). There was a 55% decrease in power Doppler area for @entity27483 , compared with placebo although the result was not statistically significant (p=0.375). @entity617 7.5 mg resulted in a highly statistically significant decrease of 95% (p=0.003). CONCLUSIONS: This study advocates the use of ultrasonographic measures of metacarpophalangeal joint @entity603 as an endpoint for clinical studies assessing therapeutic potential of new compounds in small @entity1 cohorts over 28 days.

title: Ultrasonographic measures of @entity603 in an early phase clinical trial: a double-blind, randomised, placebo and comparator controlled phase IIa trial of @entity27483 (a selective inducible XXXX synthase inhibitor) in @entity309 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity603 :: ('MESH:D013585', 'Disease') :: ['synovitis']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['Prednisolone', 'prednisolone']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity2651 is defined as the absence of at least six permanent teeth due to the hypodevelopment of tooth germs. The prevalence is weak and varies according to the ethnic origin. This @entity4670 is due to various mutations or polymorphisms of genes. It may be associated with other @entity4500 . In @entity1 , it is responsible for growth, mastication, and phonation disorders, @entity9680 and lingual interposition in the toothless sites. We report the management of 30 @entity1 presenting with @entity711 . MATERIAL AND METHOD: The diagnosis was made on clinical and paraclinical data. The vertical and transversal facial dimensions, the three facial proportions, labial morphology, the number and localization of teeth, and occlusion were analyzed for future orthognathic and implant rehabilitation. The occlusion was studied transversally and vertically on dental casts. Rehabilitation with implant supported dental prostheses was chosen when conditions were met. The therapeutic protocol could include up to four chronological phases: the early prosthetic phase, the orthodontic phase, the surgical phase, and the implant and prosthetic phase. RESULTS: The 30 @entity1 ' age (13 male and 17 female @entity1 ) ranged from six to 20 years. An average of 15 dents were missing (6 to 28). Except for one case, all the third molars were missing. In 66% of the cases, the second molar was missing, in 33% for the first molar. In 66% of the cases, two lateral maxillary incisors were missing. There were no premolars in 50% of the @entity1 . Agenesis of premolars and molars induced @entity79 in the mandibula. Dysmorphosis was always present with @entity851 . Six @entity1 were not given orthodontic treatment because they did not have enough teeth. Orthognathic surgery was used in 14 cases (46.7%). Seventeen @entity1 (56.7%) underwent apposition graft. In three @entity1 , a high position of the @entity133 required nerve derivation. Implants were inserted in 14 @entity1 (46.7%). The total number of implants was 155. DISCUSSION: Rehabilitation with implant supported dental prostheses is a good treatment for @entity711 . It requires an interdisciplinary approach (including a maxillo-facial surgeon, an orthodontist, a dentist, and a prosthesis specialist). The @entity1 's motivation as well as that of his family is crucial.

title: [ XXXX : therapeutic strategy elaborated from 30 cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['vertical growth disorders']

entities_list: @entity4670 :: ('MESH:D009358', 'Disease') :: ['familial abnormality']

entities_list: @entity2651 :: ('MESH:D000848', 'Disease') :: ['Hypodontia']

entities_list: @entity9680 :: ('MESH:D052456', 'Disease') :: ['hypo-alveolia']

entities_list: @entity711 :: ('MESH:C538049', 'Disease') :: ['oligodontia']

entities_list: @entity133 :: ('MESH:D002282', 'Disease') :: ['alveolar nerve']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['posterior bone insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity4500 :: ('MESH:D014071', 'Disease') :: ['dental abnormalities']

answer: @entity2651 :: (MESH:D000848,Disease) :: ['Hypodontia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The @entity3457 ( @entity3457 ) is a 13-item postoperative functional activity scale validated in @entity1 who underwent @entity547 surgery. We evaluated the psychometric characteristics of the @entity3457 in @entity1 who underwent vaginal surgery for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and stress @entity322 (SUI). METHODS: @entity1 included 163 @entity1 with POP and SUI enrolled in a randomized trial comparing sacrospinous ligament fixation to uterosacral vault suspension with and without perioperative pelvic floor muscle training. @entity1 completed the @entity3457 and SF-36 at baseline and 2 weeks and 6 months postoperatively. Internal reliability of the @entity3457 was evaluated using Cronbach a. Construct validity and responsiveness were examined in cross-sectional and longitudinal data using Pearson correlation coefficient and analysis of variance. The @entity3457 is scored from zero to 100 (higher scores=better function). RESULTS: Mean (SD) baseline @entity3457 score was 87 (17.3) (range, 25-100). Functional activity declined from baseline to 2 weeks postoperatively (mean change, -4.5; 95% confidence interval, -7.6 to -1.42) but improved above baseline at 6 months (mean change, +10.9; 95% confidence interval, 7.8-14.0). Internal reliability of the @entity3457 was excellent (Cronbach a=0.93). Construct validity was demonstrated by a correlation of 0.59 to 0.60 between the @entity3457 and SF-36 physical functioning scale (P<0.0001) and lower correlations between the @entity3457 and other SF-36 scales. @entity1 who improved in physical functioning based on the SF-36 between 2 weeks and 6 months postoperatively showed an effect size of 0.86 for change in the @entity3457 over the same period. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity3457 is a valid, reliable, and responsive measure for evaluation of physical function in @entity1 after pelvic reconstructive surgery.

title: Validation of the activities assessment scale in XXXX undergoing pelvic reconstructive surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['Activities Assessment Scale', 'AAS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']