abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical efficacies of mini-invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis (MIPO) versus supercutaneous plating with closed reduction in the treatment of @entity174 . METHODS: A total of 48 @entity1 with close @entity174 were treated between January 2010 and January 2012. The MIPO group included 16 males and 8 females with an average age of 36 years. And the types were A (n = 15), B (n = 6) and C (n = 3) according to the classification scheme of Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (AO/ASIF). The supercutaneous plating group also included 16 males and 8 females with an average age of 37 years. And the types were A (n = 15), B (n = 6) and C (n = 3). And the operative duration, hospital stay, union time, @entity260 and function of ankle were compared between two groups. RESULTS: The mean follow-up period was 18.5 (12-26) months. There was no instance of nonunion, hardware @entity281 . @entity1 in supercutaneous plating group had significantly shorter mean operative duration, hospital stay and union time. Three @entity1 and 1 @entity1 in MIPO group presented with superficial @entity281 and delayed union respectively while there was no occurrence in supercutaneous plating group. And the differences were not statistically significant. Fifteen @entity1 (62.5%) complained of implant impingement or discomfort. And stripping occurred at an incidence of 15.6% during the removal time of locking screws in MIPO group. While in supercutaneous plating group, there as no complaint of skin irritation and removal of supercutaneous plate was easily performed without anesthesia. The mean AOFAS score was 90.7    3.8 in supercutaneous plating group versus 88.9    4.1 in MIPO group (P = 0.070). CONCLUSION: Distal tibia @entity174 may be treated successfully with MIPO or supercutaneous plating. However, supercutaneous plating offers multiple advantages in terms of mean operative duration, hospital stay, union time, skin irritation and implant removal.

title: [Curative efficacies of mini-invasive percutaneous osteosynthesis versus supercutaneous plating for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'breakdown or deep infection']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'distal tibial fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['distal tibial fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In most studies concerning chromosomal changes or protein expression in @entity213 ( @entity213 ) no distinction is made between the sites within this area. The behaviour of @entity5 arising in one site or the other, however, differs significantly, suggesting different @entity5 properties. In this study we compared the expression of several proteins ( @entity876 , Rb, @entity4910 myc, @entity588 , @entity470 , @entity52120 , @entity5962 , @entity5960 , Desmoplakin1 and @entity18962 ) in the three major sites of @entity213 (larynx, pharynx, and oral cavity). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Expression of the proteins was studied by immunohistochemistry in 33 laryngeal, 31 pharyngeal and 36 @entity1697 . RESULTS: @entity4910 had a very high level of expression in the pharynx (p = 0.0004) and @entity470 very low in the larynx (p < 0.0001) compared to the other sites. To a lesser degree @entity876 (p = 0.05), Desmoplakin1 (p = 0.04) and @entity5960 (p = 0.02) showed statistically nearly significant differences. For the other proteins no statistically significant difference in expression was found. CONCLUSION: These results show that the expression of a number of proteins is not identical in the three major localizations of @entity213 and indicate the different @entity5 biology of @entity5 originating from different sites in the Head and Neck. It is therefore not justified to consider the different localizations as one entity. Moreover, these differences may have clinical and prognostic relevance.

title: Differences in expression of oncogenes and XXXX suppressor genes in different sites of head and neck squamous cell.

entities_list: @entity1697 :: ('MESH:D009062', 'Disease') :: ['oral carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intrinsic tumor', 'cancers', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['HNSCC', 'head and neck squamous cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is a widely accepted therapeutic approach in homozygous @entity8674 . However, the majority of @entity1 do not have a genotypically identical donor within the family. This prompted us to conduct a pilot study to investigate the feasibility of matched unrelated @entity236 . The major drawback was the high risk of immunologic and transplant-related complications, mainly @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) and graft failure. DESIGN AND METHODS: Our aim was to reduce this risk through careful selection of donor/recipient pairs. HLA haplotypes that show a high linkage disequilibrium among their class I, class II and class III alleles are considered extended or ancestral haplotypes. RESULTS: These haplotypes are conserved and can be shared by apparently unrelated individuals. Our study shows that matching for these haplotypes significantly improves the outcome of unrelated @entity236 . In fact, results were comparable to those obtained in transplants using HLA-identifical family donors. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS: Better results were obtained in @entity1 with lesser @entity68 overload and when the donor shared an identity for the @entity3099 alleles.

title: Unrelated XXXX . The experience of the Italian Bone Marrow Transplant Group (GITMO).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GvHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow transplantation in thalassemia']

entities_list: @entity8674 :: ('MESH:D017086', 'Disease') :: ['beta-thalassemia']

answer: @entity236 :: (MESH:D001855,Disease) :: ['bone marrow transplantation in thalassemia']


abstract: @entity5595 ( @entity5596 ) has been implicated in anti-atherogenic properties of high-density lipoproteins. However, the roles and signaling of @entity5596 in macrophages, the main contributor to @entity731 , have not been well studied. Furthermore, pro-inflammatory M1 and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophage phenotypes may influence the development of @entity731 . Therefore, we investigated the effects of @entity5596 on macrophage phenotypes, especially on M2 polarization and its signaling in relation to the anti-atherogenic properties of @entity5596 . It was found that @entity5596 induced anti-inflammatory M2 polarization via @entity3646 secretion and its signaling, and induced @entity9597 and IL-2Ry. In addition, down-stream signalings, such as, @entity8850 phosphorylation, @entity4635 induction, and @entity5740 suppression were also observed in macrophages in response to @entity5596 . Furthermore, @entity5596 -induced ERK activation, and the inhibitions of p38 MAPK and JNK were found to be key signals for @entity3646 induction. Moreover, the anti-atherogenic effect of @entity5596 in HDL was confirmed by the observation that oxidized LDL-induced lipid accumulation was attenuated in @entity5596 -treated M2 macrophages. Furthermore, the atheroprotective effect of @entity5596 was demonstrated by its anti-apoptotic effect on @entity5596 -treated macrophages. The present study shows that @entity5596 -induced M2 polarization of macrophages could be mediated via @entity3646 signaling, and suggests that M2 polarization by @entity5596 is responsible for the anti-atherogenic and atheroprotective properties of high-density lipoproteins in vivo.

title: XXXX induced anti-atherogenic and atheroprotective M2 macrophage polarization through @entity3646 .

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity5595 :: ('MESH:C060506', 'Chemical') :: ['Sphingosine 1-phosphate']

answer: @entity5595 :: (MESH:C060506,Chemical) :: ['Sphingosine 1-phosphate']


abstract: Clinical reports and research studies have documented the behavior of chronic @entity1643 @entity1 . A few hypotheses have attempted to explain these varied clinical and research findings. A new hypothesis, based upon the concept that subfailure injuries of ligaments (spinal ligaments, disc annulus and facet capsules) may cause @entity615 due to muscle control dysfunction, is presented. The hypothesis has the following sequential steps. Single @entity130 or cumulative microtrauma causes subfailure injuries of the ligaments and embedded mechanoreceptors. The injured mechanoreceptors generate corrupted transducer signals, which lead to corrupted muscle response pattern produced by the neuromuscular control unit. Muscle coordination and individual muscle force characteristics, i.e. onset, magnitude, and shut-off, are disrupted. This results in abnormal stresses and strains in the ligaments, mechanoreceptors and muscles, and excessive loading of the facet joints. Due to inherently poor healing of spinal ligaments, accelerated @entity1797 may occur. The abnormal conditions may persist, and, over time, may @entity615 via @entity32 of neural tissues. The hypothesis explains many of the clinical observations and research findings about the back @entity158 @entity1 . The hypothesis may help in a better understanding of chronic @entity1643 @entity1 , and in improved clinical management.

title: A hypothesis of XXXX : ligament subfailure injuries lead to muscle control dysfunction.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['low back and neck pain']

entities_list: @entity1797 :: ('MESH:D055959', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration of disc and facet joints']

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['lead to chronic back pain', 'chronic back pain']

answer: @entity615 :: (MESH:D001416,Disease) :: ['chronic back pain']


abstract: @entity493 dehydrogenase [EC 1. 4. 1. 1] was purified to homogeneity from a crude extract of @entity9238 ICR 0220. The enzyme had a molecular mass of about 245 kDa and consisted of six identical subunits. The enzyme showed maximal activity at about pH 10.9 for the deamination of @entity5098 and at about pH 8.7 for the amination of @entity2388 . The enzyme required @entity2125 + as a coenzyme. Analogs of @entity2125 +, @entity63360 + and @entity19397 served as coenzymes. @entity1613 and product inhibition studies suggested that the deamination of @entity5098 proceeded through a sequential ordered binary-ternary mechanism. @entity2125 + bound first to the enzyme, followed by @entity5098 , and the products were released in the order of @entity3265 , @entity2388 , and @entity2125 . The Km were 0.47 mM for @entity5098 , 0.16 mM for @entity2125 +, 0.22 mM for @entity2388 , 0.067 mM for @entity2125 , and 66.7 mM for @entity3265 . The Km for @entity5098 was the smallest in the @entity493 dehydrogenases studied so far. The enzyme gene was cloned into @entity526 JM109 cells and the @entity2036 were sequenced. The deduced @entity535 sequence was very similar to that of the @entity493 dehydrogenase from @entity3881 . However, the @entity9238 enzyme has no @entity462 residue. In this respect, the @entity9238 enzyme is different from other @entity493 dehydrogenases.

title: @entity493 dehydrogenase from XXXX : purification, characterization, and primary structure.

entities_list: @entity5098 :: ('CHEBI:16977', 'Chemical') :: ['L-alanine']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity9238 :: ('548', 'Species') :: ['Enterobacter', 'Enterobacter aerogenes']

entities_list: @entity63360 :: ('CHEBI:18304', 'Chemical') :: ['deamino-NAD']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity19397 :: ('MESH:C102728', 'Chemical') :: ['nicotinamide guanine dinucleotide']

entities_list: @entity2036 :: ('MESH:D009711', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['Initial-velocity']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine', 'Alanine']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity9238 :: (548,Species) :: ['Enterobacter aerogenes']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was intended to evaluate the efficacy and safety of @entity1058 ( @entity1058 ) on stable @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ). METHOD: A systematic review was conducted of clinical trials that compared @entity1058 plus conventional medicine treatment versus conventional medicine treatment alone. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of clinical therapeutic studies on @entity1030 by @entity1058 were included. Searches were applied to the following electronic databases: The PubMed    the Cochrane Library   CNKI   CBM and @entity3549 . No blinding and language restriction was used. All trials included were analyzed according to the criteria of the Cochrane Handbook. Review Manager 5.2 software was used for data analysis. RESULT: 37 randomized clinical trials enrolling 3212 @entity1 were included. Follow-up duration ranged from 4 weeks to 1.5 years. Compared to conventional medicine treatment alone, @entity1058 plus conventional medicine treatment showed improvement in forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) ( @entity601 0.12 L; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.16), and less exacerbation (OR -0.86; 95% CI -1.13 to -0.60). @entity1058 treatment also led to a statistically improvement in SGRQ score compared to placebo ( @entity601 .36; 95% CI -7.12 to -1.59). There was statistically significant difference in six-minute walk distance ( @entity601 36.66 meters, 95% CI 24.57 to 48.74) found with @entity1058 compared to placebo. CONCLUSION: Among @entity1 with stable @entity1030 , @entity1058 plus conventional medical treatment therapy might be associated with reduction risk of exacerbation, improvement of lung function, better quality of life and higher exercise capacity. The results were limited by the methodological flaws of the studies. High quality studies are needed to provide clear evidence for the future use of @entity1058 .

title: Effectiveness and safety of traditional Chinese medicine on stable XXXX : A systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity1058 :: ('MESH:C562377', 'Disease') :: ['TCM', 'Traditional Chinese Medicine']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: For the management of a condition such as @entity565 , @entity1 should feel confident with their medication, feel that the treatment is adequate in controlling symptoms and that side-effects of the treatment are minimal. As no comprehensive instrument to measure @entity1 satisfaction with inhaled @entity565 medication existed, the Satisfaction with Asthma Treatment Questionnaire was developed. The procedures that were used are described, and the initial validation and reliability tests are reported. The study involved focus group meetings, development, testing and modification of a preliminary instrument, and testing of the revised instrument using different samples of @entity1 with @entity565 . Factor analysis of the 26-item questionnaire identified four domains reflecting four aspects of satisfaction: effectiveness of treatment, ease of use, medication burden, and side-effects and worries. Cronbach's alpha showed evidence of internal consistency reliability. Test/retest reliability ranged from 0.66-0.74. Interscale correlations were moderate-to-high. Significant correlations were found between domain and overall scale scores and @entity1 ' overall level of satisfaction. The Satisfaction with Asthma Treatment Questionnaire is potentially a useful instrument for gaining insight into @entity1 satisfaction with inhaled treatment for @entity565 .

title: Development of the satisfaction with inhaled XXXX treatment questionnaire.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ) designates a family of kinases that regulate many essential functions including cell growth and differentiation. The tight regulation of @entity7131 activity is crucial for maintaining normal cellular proliferation and excessive activity leads to abnormal or uncontrolled cell growth. Recent reports indicate that @entity11 cell lines express 100 to 1000-fold higher @entity7131 activity when compared to non-neoplastic astrocytes. This high activity correlates well with the proliferation of @entity5 cells in vitro. We recently reported on the anti-proliferative properties of selective @entity7131 inhibitors on the growth of U-373MG @entity1 @entity816 cell line, and their ability to block mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway activated by substance @entity10133 ) neuropeptide receptor signaling via a @entity7131 -dependent mechanism. Therefore, inhibiting @entity7131 activity by selective @entity7131 inhibitors may present a promising approach for improving astroglial @entity1313 therapy. For this purpose, we constructed a high throughput model cell system to evaluate the efficacy of @entity7131 inhibitors. This system is based on the measurement of light production in U-373MG cells stably transfected with the luciferase reporter gene whose expression depends on the transcriptional activation of @entity21120 - @entity15977 fusion protein by enzyme components of the MAP kinase pathway and the upstream activation of @entity7131 ( @entity7131 activation-->MAP kinases--> @entity21120 - @entity15977 phosphorylation-->luciferase expression-->luciferase activity). In brief, we have demonstrated that the @entity7131 activator @entity864 ( @entity865 )-induced luciferase activity in this cell system is mediated via the MAP kinase pathway and can be blocked in the presence of @entity12363 selective inhibitors ( @entity4286 or @entity5732 ). We also demonstrated that @entity865 -induced luciferase activity in U-373MG stable clones can be blocked by @entity7131 inhibitors ( @entity25293 , @entity9295 , and @entity11009 ) in a concentration dependent manner. In contrast, @entity4179 ( @entity4179 )-induced luciferase activity, which is independent of @entity7131 activation (Ras-->Raf-1--> @entity12363 -->MAP kinases--> @entity21120 - @entity15977 phosphorylation-->luciferase expression-->luciferase activity) can only be blocked using a selective @entity4179 receptor inhibitor ( @entity20830 ). In conclusion, we have constructed a model cell system for the high throughput screening and identification of @entity7131 inhibitors potentially active against @entity816 cells in culture.

title: A high throughput system for the evaluation of protein kinase C inhibitors based on XXXX transcriptional activation in @entity1 @entity816 cells.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumor']

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['PKC', 'Protein kinase C']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant glioma']

entities_list: @entity4179 :: ('1950', 'Gene') :: ['epidermal growth factor', 'EGF']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate']

answer: @entity15977 :: (2002,Gene) :: ['Elk1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Therapeutic results of @entity978 ( @entity978 ) have improved by the use of combined radio-chemotherapy. However, this association can increase the risk of on-term effects including secondary @entity5 . In a retrospective study, we collected secondary @entity0 ( @entity0 ) in @entity1 previously treated with chemoradiotherapy for @entity978 at Salah-Aza  z institute of Tunis. @entity1 AND METHODS: Between 1975 and 2003, seven @entity1 (six @entity1 and one @entity1 ) treated for @entity978 subsequently developed @entity0 . Mean age at diagnosis of @entity978 was 21 years (12-29). The first treatment was combined chemotherapy (MOPP-ABVD) and radiotherapy for all @entity1 . Radiotherapy was delivered with @entity1953 60 with large fields. The median dose was 41.3 Gy (2 Gy/fraction in 6 @entity1 and 3.3 Gy in one). RESULTS: The @entity0 occurred after a median delay of 204 months (132-276). According to the TNM classification, we showed two stage T2, one stage T3, two stage T4b and two stage T4d. The mean clinical size was 47 mm (25-80 mm). All @entity1 had infiltrating @entity189 . Axillary node histological involvement was found in 6 cases. All @entity1 were treated by mastectomy and chemotherapy. Only one @entity1 had a locoregional irradiation. Median survival was 26.5 months (12-48). Four @entity1 died and three are still alive at respectively 24, 31 and 144 months. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: According to the previous data, @entity0 represents 6.3 to 9% of all second @entity5 occurring after @entity978 treatment. We conclude that especially young @entity1 and @entity1 treated for @entity978 should be carefully monitored. We suggest that secondary @entity0 be sometimes treated by conservative radiosurgical approach.

title: [Secondary @entity0 after treatment for XXXX . About seven cases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS', 'man', 'girls']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast tumours', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', 'Hodgkin disease']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Hodgkin's disease']


abstract: Soluble @entity1423 are suspected to play a major role in @entity195 . @entity8862 at a concentration of a few micromolar, which is too dilute to affect the precipitation equilibrium of Abeta, can destabilize these aggregates [Garai, K., Sengupta, P., Sahoo, B., and Maiti, S. (2006) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 345, 210-215]. Here we investigate the nature of these aggregates in the context of the precipitation pathway, the mechanism underlying their destabilization, and the biological consequences of this destabilization. We show that the larger soluble aggregates (size >10 nm) form only in supersaturated Abeta solutions, implying that they are intermediates in the pathway toward fibril formation. We also show that @entity8862 destabilizes these intermediates by accelerating their aggregation kinetics. The resulting change in the size distribution of the Abeta solution is sufficient to eliminate its @entity137 to cultured @entity1 neurons. Our results provide an explanation for the existing observations that @entity8862 at a concentration of a few micromolar significantly reduces @entity137 .

title: Zinc lowers amyloid-beta XXXX by selectively precipitating aggregation intermediates.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Abeta toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['amyloid-beta (Abeta) aggregates']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease"]

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: A total of 38 adult cases of @entity5827 were diagnosed based on clinical manifestations as well as examination of cerebrospinal fluid at Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital in 2001. The majority (31 cases, 82%) of cases occurred between June and August, and most (33 cases, 87%) of them aged from 18 to 35 years (median age, 25 years). The male-to-female ratio was 2.16:1. Common clinical presentations included @entity10 , @entity221 , @entity390 or @entity391 , and symptoms of common cold. On initial cerebrospinal fluid examination, white cell counts were above 500 cells/mm3 in 7 (18%) cases, and neutrophils predominated in 10 (28%) of 36 cases. The cerebrospinal fluid protein concentration was below 100 mg/dL in 29 (77%) of 38 cases, and hypoglycorrhachia (cerebrospinal fluid/serum @entity413 ratio <0.5) was seen in 9 (24%) cases. Enterovirus as a definite etiology was confirmed by isolation from cerebrospinal fluid in 17 (45%) of 38 cases and was the presumptive etiology by isolation from the stool or throat swab in 2 (5%) cases. Of the 19 cases with positive viral isolation, echovirus serotype 30 accounted for the majority (15 cases, 79%), followed by echovirus serotype 6 (3 cases, 16%), with one (5%) case undetermined. The viral isolation rate from cerebrospinal fluid correlated to the day of cerebrospinal fluid sampling after disease onset (chi2 = 12.05, p = 0.007). All @entity1 were discharged uneventfully without receiving antibiotic therapy.

title: Outbreak of XXXX among adults in southern Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity5827 :: ('MESH:D008582', 'Disease') :: ['aseptic meningitis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity5827 :: (MESH:D008582,Disease) :: ['aseptic meningitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Body mass index (BMI) or equivalent weight for height indices are the most widely used measures of body composition in early onset and @entity1277 . Although of value as screening instruments the limitation in disease states is their inability to discriminate fat and fat-free components of body weight. OBJECTIVE: To compare height-adjusted fat and @entity2483 in @entity1 and young adolescents with different types of @entity1277 with those of age matched reference @entity1 . DESIGN: Weight, height, @entity427 and subscapular skinfold thickness were measured in 172 @entity1 (aged 7-16 y) with @entity1277 receiving specialist treatment. Fat mass index (FMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI) were calculated using Slaughter's and Deurenberg's equations and normalisation for height. Using data from 157 normal @entity1 , representative of the UK 1990 growth reference data, reference curves for FMI and FFMI+/-2 s.d. were derived. Results for @entity1 groups were superimposed on these reference curves. RESULTS: FMI and FFMI were both @entity1277 associated with @entity3147 , including @entity1278 ( @entity1278 ). @entity1278 subjects did not differ from other subjects with comparable degrees of @entity3147 . @entity1 with @entity1277 of normal weight, such as @entity1279 and selective eating, did not differ significantly from reference @entity1 in their relative FM and @entity6120 . CONCLUSIONS: FM and @entity6120 merit independent consideration in disorders of @entity3147 in @entity1 , rather than expressing data as percentage body fat or percentage BMI. The implications of loss of @entity6120 on growth and development merit further investigation.

title: Body composition in early onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1278 :: ('MESH:D000856', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia nervosa', 'AN']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['eating disorders', 'adolescent eating disorders', 'reduced in eating disorders']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity1279 :: ('MESH:D052018', 'Disease') :: ['bulimia nervosa']

entities_list: @entity2483 :: ('MESH:C566443', 'Disease') :: ['fat-free components of body composition']

answer: @entity1277 :: (MESH:D001068,Disease) :: ['eating disorders']


abstract: We present an eleven-year-old female @entity1 who was referred to us with silvery hair, @entity828 , @entity1398 - @entity882 , @entity7893 and @entity62 , with a family history of a female sibling dying at the age of five and two living male cousins, ages 10 and 11. She had been followed up for her @entity1503 the last three years and had totally recovered from a hemiplegic episode before admission. The family was of Arabic origin, and a second-degree consanguinity was reported between the parents. Microscopic analysis of her hair shafts revealed irregularly distributed small and large clumps of melanin, and skin biopsy findings were consistent with partial @entity4068 . Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy did not detect any evidence of hemophagocytosis. Genetic analysis identified a homozygous two-base-pair deletion ( @entity63079 leading to @entity63080 ) in the @entity14910 gene of the @entity1 . She suffered from febrile neutropenic episodes. Her persistent @entity1503 could not be corrected with immunoglobulin, thrombocyte infusions, or a short course of growth factor treatment. Splenectomy was planned due to her progressive @entity1283 . She was also considered for bone marrow transplantation. She unfortunately died from an @entity932 . Her clinical presentation was remarkable, mostly resembling partial @entity4068 immunodeficiency/ @entity63081 due to her older age and absence of hemophagocytosis, but with molecular findings confirming @entity44557 .

title: @entity44557 without hemophagocytosis in an eleven-year-old @entity1 : expanding the phenotypic spectrum of XXXX mutations in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1283 :: ('MESH:D006332', 'Disease') :: ['splenic enlargement']

entities_list: @entity63080 :: ('p|SUB|S|18|X', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['S18X']

entities_list: @entity828 :: ('MESH:C535727', 'Disease') :: ['hepatosplenomegaly']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['cytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity44557 :: ('MESH:C537301', 'Disease') :: ['Griscelli syndrome']

entities_list: @entity63081 :: ('MESH:C573722', 'Disease') :: ['Elejalde syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7893 :: ('MESH:D000361', 'Disease') :: ['hypogammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity63079 :: ('c|DEL|51|CT', 'DNAMutation') :: ['51 del CT']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative white matter disease']

answer: @entity14910 :: (5873,Gene) :: ['Rab27A']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6400 are @entity172 -like plant compounds that may protect against @entity65 . @entity6400 may, because of their ability to act as selective @entity172 receptor modulators, alter insulin-like growth factor (IGF) status. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of 1-month @entity3093 supplementation (86 mg/day red clover-derived @entity6400 ) on IGF status. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: Healthy pre- (n=16) and postmenopausal (n=7) @entity1 were invited to take part in a randomised, placebo-controlled crossover study with a minimum 2-month washout period. RESULTS: : For premenopausal subjects, the change in @entity442 , @entity10116 and @entity2301 assessed at different points of the menstrual cycle did not differ between @entity3093 and placebo phase. However, the change in @entity442 , when examined pre- and post-supplementation, was nonsignificantly reduced (P=0.06) on the @entity3093 supplement compared to placebo. For postmenopausal subjects, the change in @entity442 , @entity10116 and @entity2301 concentrations over the supplementation period did not differ between @entity3093 or placebo phase. @entity6400 increased HDL in postmenopausal @entity1 compared to placebo (P=0.02) but did not alter either @entity165 or @entity1674 concentrations, and had no effect on antioxidant status. CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that 1-month supplementation with red clover @entity6400 has a positive effect on HDL @entity165 , but at most a small effect on IGF status in premenopausal and no effect in postmenopausal subjects. Further studies are required to ascertain the role these dietary compounds may have to play in @entity0 prevention.

title: Effect of red clover-derived XXXX supplementation on insulin-like growth factor, lipid and antioxidant status in healthy female volunteers: a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3093 :: ('CHEBI:18220', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavone']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity6400 :: ('MESH:D007529', 'Chemical') :: ['isoflavones', 'Isoflavones']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease and endocrine-responsive cancer']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity3093 :: (CHEBI:18220,Chemical) :: ['isoflavone']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a developmental process which is aberrantly activated during @entity5 invasion and @entity3 . Elevated expression of EMT-inducers like @entity18075 enables @entity5 cells to detach from the primary @entity5 and invade into the surrounding tissue. The main antagonist of @entity18075 in controlling EMT is the microRNA-200 family that is reciprocally linked to @entity18075 in a double negative feedback loop. Here, we further elucidate how the @entity18075 /miR-200 feedback loop controls invasion of @entity5 cells. The process of EMT is attended by major changes in the actin cytoskeleton. Via in silico screening of genes encoding for actin interacting proteins, we identified two novel targets of @entity18076 - @entity16745 and @entity19077 ( @entity19077 ). Co-expression of both genes with @entity18075 was observed in several @entity5 cell lines as well as in @entity0 @entity1 and correlated with low @entity18076 levels. Depletion of @entity16745 or @entity19077 in @entity0 cells reduced their invasive potential and their ability to form invadopodia. Whereas @entity16745 is known to be a major component, we could identify @entity19077 as a novel player in invadopodia formation. In summary, @entity16745 and @entity19077 represent two mediators of invasive behavior of @entity5 cells that are regulated by the @entity18075 /miR-200 feedback loop.

title: The XXXX / @entity18076 feedback loop regulates invasion via actin interacting proteins @entity19077 and @entity16745 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity18075 :: (6935,Gene) :: ['ZEB1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Once @entity353 is achieved, the challenge is to maintain this benefit. This review reports on the effectiveness of programs for weight-loss maintenance, as part of a larger review examining treatments for overweight and @entity28 adults. METHODS: We updated the search of a 2011 review on screening and management of overweight and @entity28 adults. Four databases were searched. For inclusion, @entity1 had to have lost weight in treatment and then been randomly assigned to a weight-maintenance intervention or control conditions. Studies from the 2011 review that met the criteria were included. Data were extracted and pooled (where possible) for outcomes related to weight-loss maintenance. RESULTS: Eight studies were included. Compared with control @entity1 , intervention @entity1 regained less weight (mean difference [MD] -1.44  kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] -2.42 to -0.47), regardless of whether the intervention was behavioural ( @entity6917 .56  kg, 95% CI -3.10 to -0.02) or pharmacologic plus behavioural ( @entity6917 .39  kg, 95% CI -2.86 to 0.08). Intervention @entity1 also showed better weight maintenance than the control @entity1 in terms of waist circumference ( @entity1605 .30  cm, 95% CI -3.45 to -1.15) and body mass index (MD -0.95  kg/m(2), 95% CI -1.67 to -0.23). @entity1 undergoing pharmacologic plus behavioural interventions were more likely to maintain a loss of 5% or more of initial body weight than those in the control group (risk ratio [RR] 1.33, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.54); no difference was found for maintaining a @entity353 of 10% or more ( @entity4736 .76, 95% CI 0.75 to 4.12). INTERPRETATION: Moderate quality evidence shows that overweight and @entity28 adults can benefit from interventions for weight maintenance following @entity353 . However, there is insufficient evidence on the long-term sustainability of these benefits. REGISTRATION: PROSPERO no. CRD42012002753.

title: Strategies for weight maintenance in adult populations treated for overweight and XXXX : a systematic review and meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: To determine the effect of thyroid hormones (TH) on cerebral tissue @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) content and accumulation of @entity1865 -bound proteins, @entity1378 @entity35 and @entity1375 @entity35 were compared to euthyroid controls. @entity1378 was induced by daily injection of @entity6143 (15 ug (100 g)-1) intraperitoneally daily for 10 days. @entity1375 was induced with 0.025% @entity3937 in the drinking water for 4 weeks. Immunoblot analysis of cerebral and plasma proteins was carried out using a specific anti- @entity1865 -protein antiserum. @entity1865 was measured as @entity4466 reactive substance. @entity1375 was associated with significant reduction in @entity1865 -proteins of plasma (59.3+/-9.5% vs. 99.8+/-23.0% of control p<0.05) and cerebral tissue (17.6+/-19.9% vs. 100.2+/-29.0% of control p<0.001). @entity1378 did not significantly alter @entity1865 -protein distribution. These changes did not correlate with cerebral tissue or plasma @entity1865 concentration. It is concluded that @entity1375 in @entity35 is associated with significant decrease in @entity1865 -bound proteins. This may have some clinical and biological implications.

title: @entity1234 binding of XXXX cerebral proteins is reduced in experimental @entity1375 .

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['Hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity3937 :: ('MESH:D008713', 'Chemical') :: ['methimazole']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity4466 :: ('MESH:C029684', 'Chemical') :: ['thiobarbituric acid']

entities_list: @entity6143 :: ('CHEBI:18258', 'Chemical') :: ["l-3,5, 3'-triiodothyronine"]

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1625 ( @entity1625 ) is the current gold standard treatment for small localized @entity703 .; however, the impact of duration and type of intraoperative @entity63 on @entity177 ( @entity177 ) after @entity1625 is a subject of significant debate. OBJECTIVE: To review the current evidence on the relationship of intraoperative @entity63 and @entity177 after @entity1625 . EVIDENCE ACQUISITION: A review of English-language publications on @entity8 and @entity177 after @entity1625 was performed from 2005 to 2014 using the Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. Ninety-one articles were selected with the consensus of all authors and analyzed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: The vast majority of reviewed studies were retrospective, nonrandomized observations. Based on the current literature, @entity177 recovery after @entity1625 is strongly associated with preoperative @entity177 and the amount of healthy kidney parenchyma preserved. @entity63 ( @entity63 ) is modifiable and prolonged @entity63 is significantly associated with adverse postoperative @entity177 . Available data suggest a benefit of keeping @entity63 <25min, although the level of evidence to support this threshold is limited. @entity63 safely facilitates longer durations of @entity63 . Surgical techniques that minimize or avoid global @entity63 may be associated with improved @entity177 outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity177 recovery after @entity1625 is strongly associated with quality and quantity of preserved kidney, efforts should be made to limit prolonged @entity63 . @entity63 should be preferred when longer @entity63 is expected, especially in presence of imperative indications for @entity1625 . Additional research with higher levels of evidence is needed to clarify the optimal use of @entity8 during @entity1625 . @entity1 SUMMARY: In this review of the literature, we looked at predictors of @entity177 after surgical resection of @entity703 . There is a strong association between the quality and quantity of renal tissue that is preserved after surgery and long-term @entity177 . The time of interruption of renal blood flow during surgery is an important, modifiable predictor of postoperative @entity177 .

title: XXXX and Function After Partial Nephrectomy: A Collaborative Review of the Literature.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['PN', 'Partial nephrectomy']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Cold ischemia', 'WIT', 'warm ischemia', 'Warm ischemia time', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['RF', 'renal function']

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['renal tumors']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['Renal Ischemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the utility of early-pregnancy vascular compliance measurements for the prediction of medically-indicated @entity3152 (<37 weeks) in @entity1 with @entity455 , @entity8 and previous early-onset @entity1468 ( @entity1468 ). METHODS: High-risk @entity1 were recruited to the Manchester Antenatal Vascular (MAViS) clinic. Pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ) and central BP were measured at 14-18 and 18-24weeks gestation using a Tensioclinic arteriograph. Uterine artery Doppler (UAD) was performed at 22-24weeks and plasma @entity7309 ( @entity7309 ) was quantified using Alere Triage at 14-18weeks. RESULTS: Data were available for 127 pregnancies (chronic @entity101 =82, @entity6 (with @entity455 )=12, @entity4815 =21, previous @entity1468 =11) of whom 31 (24%) had a medically-indicated @entity3152 . Maternal age, BMI, ethnicity and @entity7309 (14-18weeks) were not different between the @entity3152 and the comparison group (n=96). Peripheral and central mean arterial pressure (MAP) were different at 14-18weeks, peripheral 103.4 [95th CI 100.4-106.5) vs 99.2 [97.2-101.2] mmHg; p=0.02 and central 100.0 [95.4-104.6] vs 94.4 [92.1-96.7] mmHg; p=0.03). Only central MAP was different between the groups at 18-24weeks (p<0.01). @entity122 was significantly different between groups at both gestations (9.5 [8.7-10.3] vs 8.5 [8.2-8.7] m/s; p=0.002 and 8.9 [8.2-9.6] vs 8.2 [7.9-8.4] m/s; p=0.01). UAD revealed bilateral notching in 18/27(67.7%) of the iatrogenic @entity3152 group compared with 16/82(19.5%) in the comparison group (p<0.001). Using logistic regression (adjusted for baseline disease, @entity3657 , UAD and sampling gestation), @entity122 was significantly associated with @entity4499 (OR 2.5 [1.2-5.3]; p=0.01 (14-18) and 1.6 (1.00-2.5); p=0.05 (18-24), the other covariates were not significant in the models. CONCLUSIONS: @entity122 is a marker of vascular compliance and is a likely indicator of the degree of maternal vascular adaptation to pregnancy. Higher @entity122 in this cohort was associated with a significantly increased risk of @entity3152 indicated by maternal and/or fetal disease. DISCLOSURES: R. Cockerill: None. E. Shawkat: None. J. Horn: None. C. Chmiel: None. G. Bernatavicius: None. E. Jonhstone: None. I. Crocker: None. J.E. Myers: None.

title: [281-POS]: Prediction of iatrogenic @entity3152 in @entity1 with @entity455 and/or previous early onset XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4499 :: ('MESH:D007049', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic-preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal disease']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease', 'vasculopathy']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery']

entities_list: @entity7309 :: ('5228', 'Gene') :: ['placental growth factor', 'PlGF']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3657 :: ('MESH:D058729', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral and central MAP']

entities_list: @entity4815 :: ('MESH:D006977', 'Disease') :: ['renal hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['pre-eclampsia', 'PE']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['pre-eclampsia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 5555 Background: To assess the @entity137 , response rate, overall and progression-free survival for locally advanced @entity213 using concurrent low-dose @entity900 and once-daily @entity1161 ( @entity1161 ). METHODS: From July 2000 to April 2003, 57 @entity1 with locally advanced @entity213 were treated with a regimen of 3D conformal @entity1161 , 70 Gy over 7 weeks with concurrent @entity900 20 mg/M(2) during days 1 - 4 of weeks one and five. Eligible @entity1 included stage II oropharyngeal (4), stage III (12), and stage IV (34) oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal, and @entity5 . @entity1 with SCC of neck nodes with unknown primary were included if neck nodes were N2 or N3 category (7). @entity1 were evaluated by surgeon, @entity1161 oncologist, and medical oncologist prior to treatment. Acute @entity137 were graded weekly during treatment and in follow-up according to the RTOG / CTC @entity137 criteria. RESULTS: 57 @entity1 were treated. Median age was 58 with 18 @entity1 over the age of 65. All completed the prescribed @entity1161 dose of 70 Gy. Chemotherapy compliance was as follows: 31 @entity1 (54%) completed 100% of chemotherapy and the remainder completed >= 50% of chemotherapy. Complete response was noted in 45 (80%) of 56 evaluable @entity1 . Treatment @entity137 : 27/57 (47%) of @entity1 required hospitalization during treatment for supportive care. Grade 3 or 4 @entity1161 @entity33 , @entity7551 , or skin reactions was noted in 37 @entity1 -grade 3 - (36); grade 4 - (1). Grade 3 or 4 hematologic @entity137 was noted in 4 @entity1 (7%). Median follow-up of all alive @entity1 was 14.5 months. The actuarial 2 year overall and progression-free survival are 66% and 55%. CONCLUSIONS: This regimen appears tolerable and adds minimal excess @entity137 compared to treatment with @entity1161 alone. Our results are comparable to concurrent chemotherapy regimens using either high-dose @entity900 or multiagent chemotherapy. This regimen may be offered as an alternative to @entity1 seeking organ preservation for locally advanced @entity213 , even in elderly @entity1 or those with compromised performance status. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: Concomitant low-dose @entity900 and radiotherapy for locally advanced @entity213 ( @entity213 ): Analysis of survival and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal SCC cancers']

entities_list: @entity7551 :: ('MESH:D010612', 'Disease') :: ['pharyngitis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Phagocyte-derived extracellular traps (ETs) were recently demonstrated mainly in vertebrate hosts as an important effector mechanism against invading parasites. In the present study we aimed to characterize gastropod-derived invertebrate extracellular phagocyte trap (InEPT) formation in response to larval stages of important @entity235 and feline metastrongyloid lungworms. Gastropod haemocytes were isolated from the slug species Arion lusitanicus and Limax maximus, and the snail @entity42268 , and exposed to larval stages of @entity35390 , @entity48255 and Troglostrongylus brevior and investigated for gastropod-derived InEPT formation. RESULTS: Phase contrast as well as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses of lungworm larvae-exposed haemocytes revealed ET-like structures to be extruded by haemocytes thereby contacting and ensnaring the parasites. Co-localization studies of haemocyte-derived extracellular DNA with histones and myeloperoxidase in larvae-entrapping structures confirmed classical characteristics of ETs. In vivo exposure of slugs to A. vasorum larvae resulted in InEPTs being extruded from haemocytes in the slug mucous extrapallial space emphasizing the pivotal role of this effector mechanism against invasive larvae. Functional larval entrapment assays demonstrated that almost half of the haemocyte-exposed larvae were contacted or even immobilized by released InEPTs. Overall, as reported for @entity1 -derived ETs, different types of InEPTs were here observed, i.e. aggregated, spread and diffused InEPTs. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this study represents the first report on metastrongyloid lungworm-triggered ETosis in gastropods thereby providing evidence of early mollusc host innate immune reactions against invading larvae. These findings will contribute to the better understanding on complex parasite-intermediate host interactions since different gastropod species bear different transmitting capacities for metastrongyloid infections.

title: Gastropod-derived haemocyte extracellular traps entrap metastrongyloid larval stages of @entity35390 , XXXX and Troglostrongylus brevior.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity48255 :: ('321389', 'Species') :: ['Aelurostrongylus abstrusus']

entities_list: @entity35390 :: ('321387', 'Species') :: ['Angiostrongylus vasorum']

entities_list: @entity42268 :: ('6530', 'Species') :: ['Achatina fulica']

answer: @entity48255 :: (321389,Species) :: ['Aelurostrongylus abstrusus']


abstract: The feeding of @entity4224 (L.) on blood is induced by the presence of phagostimulants: @entity3211 . Three chemoreceptive cells in the labral apical sensilla can distinguish the presence of @entity3211 depending on the other stimulus components. This work aims at correlating the sensory information arising from the labral apical sensilla with the feeding behavior in response to the same stimuli. The saline stimulating solution, containing @entity3211 , is modulated by changing one of the following components: salt concentration, buffer or pH. Cell 3 that responds to @entity1219 in a dose dependent manner seems to have another unique modality. The response of this cell is unaffected by @entity855 when the stimulating solution is @entity1219 buffered by @entity5993 . It responds at a higher spike frequency to the presence of @entity855 in a @entity1219 solution without @entity5993 . Thus in the presence of @entity855 Cell 3 detects whether the @entity1219 solution is buffered by @entity5993 . Both the blood feeding response and the sensory information from Cell 2 (which responds at high spike frequencies to the presence of @entity855 ) are modulated by pH in a similar way. Both responses present a bi-modal response, with a major peak at pH 4.0 and a moderate peak at the most alkaline pH value tested.

title: Factors modulating the blood feeding behavior and the electrophysiological responses of labral apical chemoreceptors to @entity3211 in the mosquito XXXX (Culicidae).

entities_list: @entity3211 :: ('MESH:D000227', 'Chemical') :: ['adenine nucleotides']

entities_list: @entity4224 :: ('7159', 'Species') :: ['Aedes aegypti']

answer: @entity4224 :: (7159,Species) :: ['Aedes aegypti']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ) and @entity146 ( @entity146 ), subtypes of @entity4943 , are characterized by distinct clinical symptoms and neuroimaging features, with predominant left temporal @entity62 ( @entity62 ) @entity194 in @entity4943 and bilateral or right frontal @entity194 in @entity146 . Such differential hemispheric predilection may also be reflected by other neuroimaging features, such as brain connectivity. This study investigated white matter (WM) microstructure and functional connectivity differences between @entity4943 and @entity146 , focusing on the hemispheric predilection of these differences. Eight @entity4943 and 12 @entity146 @entity1 , and 17 controls underwent diffusion tensor imaging and resting state functional MRI at 3T. Whole-brain WM microstructure was assessed to determine distinct WM tracts affected in @entity4943 and @entity146 . For these tracts, diffusivity measures and lateralization indices were calculated. Functional connectivity was established for @entity62 regions affected in early stage @entity4943 or @entity146 . Results of a direct comparison between @entity4943 and @entity146 are reported. Whole-brain WM microstructure abnormalities were more pronounced in the left hemisphere in @entity4943 and bilaterally- with a slight predilection for the right- in @entity146 . Lateralization of tract-specific abnormalities was seen in @entity4943 only, toward the left hemisphere. Functional connectivity of disease-specific regions was mainly decreased bilaterally in @entity4943 and in the right hemisphere in @entity146 . @entity4943 and @entity146 show WM microstructure and functional connectivity abnormalities in different regions, that are respectively more pronounced in the left hemisphere in @entity4943 and in the right hemisphere in @entity146 . This indicates differential hemispheric predilection of brain connectivity abnormalities between @entity4943 and @entity146 .

title: Differential Hemispheric Predilection of  Microstructural White Matter and  Functional Connectivity Abnormalities between Respectively Semantic and  XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['bvFTD', 'behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy', 'GM atrophy']

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['SD', 'frontotemporal dementia', 'Semantic dementia']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['GM', 'grey matter']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to describe the clinical/pathological features and the outcome of the surgical treatment of @entity299 in our unit and other hospitals of Anatolia over a fifteen-years period. METHODS: Between 1984 and 2001, fifty cases of surgically treated @entity299 were identified by systematic literature search from Anatolia. Twelve @entity1 were operated at the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Ankara University within the same period. Overall thirty-nine @entity1 were female (mean age 29.8+/-14 years). Sixty-three percent of @entity1 were complaining of @entity1353 at the time of referral to the hospital and 22% presented with signs of @entity1187 . RESULTS: The most common cardiac location was the left ventricle (46.7%) followed by the interventricular septum, the right ventricle and atria. The most common procedure was controlled puncture and aspiration of the cyst content, its excision and closure of the resulting cavity, which were performed under cardiopulmonary bypass. Overall Anatolian operative mortality was 4.8% (3 @entity1 ). No late deaths but recurrence in one @entity1 have occurred. CONCLUSION: In view of the lack of efficient alternative treatment options, we recommend surgical intervention even in asymptomatic @entity1 in order to prevent the occurrence of lethal complications.

title: Surgery for XXXX : an Anatolian experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac hydatid disease']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['cardiac hydatid disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity65 ( @entity65 ) is the leading cause of @entity204 of @entity1 in the United States. Many healthcare providers are unaware of sex-specific factors that affect the development of @entity65 . Nursing care for @entity1 with a history of @entity1468 and their @entity1 is presented. @entity1468 affects 4% to 8% of all pregnancies. Rates have increased by 25% over the past 2 decades. Research supports the link between @entity1468 and risk of future @entity65 in @entity1 and the @entity1 of affected pregnancies. Appropriate preconception, prenatal and postpartum education, and surveillance are necessary to improve the long-term health of both mother and @entity1 . Currently, there are no evidence-based interventions specific to the prevention of @entity65 for @entity1 and their @entity1 who have been affected by @entity1468 . However, @entity1 who have had @entity1468 may require yearly risk factor assessment and education regarding cardiovascular prevention strategies such as smoking cessation, increased physical activity, importance of a healthy diet, and maintenance of a healthy weight. @entity1468 should be acknowledged by healthcare providers as a @entity65 risk factor. Appropriate monitoring, education, and @entity65 preventive strategies need to be implemented with this population and their @entity1 .

title: Cardiovascular Implications of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['preeclampsia', 'Preeclampsia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'CVD']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['Preeclampsia']


abstract: PURPOSE: To report a case of @entity989 and its therapeutic approach. METHODS: In this observational case report, complete ophthalmologic examination was performed, including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) testing, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundus examination, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT), @entity941 angiography (FA), and Humphrey 24-2 @entity227 . RESULTS: The @entity1 complained of right eye diminished visual acuity 48 hours after a car accident, with severe @entity1625 but no direct ocular @entity130 . The BCVA was counting fingers at 1 meter, anterior segment examination was unremarkable, and the fundus showed @entity2708 -wool spots and Purtscher flecken. Macular OCT revealed subretinal fluid with @entity1713 . The FA showed @entity2680 and @entity227 presented a central @entity1019 . We opted for an observation-only approach. Follow-up revealed a progressive reabsorption of the subretinal fluid with complete resolution of the macular @entity1713 after 2 weeks. After 2 months of follow-up, BCVA was 20/25 and the OCT revealed @entity3202 , with no subretinal fluid. The favorable outcome in terms of BCVA persisted at 4 and 6 months follow-up, although the central @entity1019 did not improve significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The characterization of both acute and late-stage lesions provides a valuable insight to a better characterization of this rare disease. Despite a favorable response with a conservative therapeutic approach, structural and functional late stage sequelae influence the final visual outcome.

title: XXXX : to treat or not to treat?

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field testing']

entities_list: @entity1625 :: ('MESH:D004828', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic and abdominal blunt trauma']

entities_list: @entity2680 :: ('MESH:D003763', 'Disease') :: ['peripapillary and parafoveal leakage']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['neurosensorial retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity3202 :: ('MESH:D016109', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic changes']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['Purtscher retinopathy']

answer: @entity989 :: (MESH:D012164,Disease) :: ['Purtscher retinopathy']


abstract: The @entity377 sequence of the @entity526 dnaC gene and the primary structure of the dnaC protein were determined. The @entity2733 -terminal @entity535 sequence of the dnaC protein matched that predicted from the @entity377 sequence of the 735-base pair coding region. The dnaC gene lacks characteristic promoter structures; neither the "Pribnow box" nor the "-35 sequence" was detected within 222 base pairs upstream from the initiator ATG codon. There is, however, a typical Shine-Dalgarno sequence 7-10 base pairs before the ATG codon. An upstream open reading frame, separated by just 2 base pairs from the coding region of dnaC, encodes the @entity1473 -terminal half of the dnaT product (protein i; Masai, H., Bond, M. W., and Arai, K. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 83, 1256-1260). The dnaC protein contains 245 @entity1522 with a calculated molecular weight of 27,894 consistent with the observed value (29,000). Similar to dnaG and dnaT, dnaC uses several minor codons; the significance of these minor codons to the low level expression of the protein product in @entity526 cells remains to be determined. The in vitro site-directed mutagenesis method was employed to determine the functional region involved in interaction with dnaB protein. The first @entity462 residue located in the @entity2733 -terminal region of the dnaC protein ( @entity2569 69) was shown to be important for this activity. Overall sequence homology between dnaC protein and lambda P protein, functionally analogous to the dnaC protein in the @entity5999 DNA replication, is not extensive. There are, however, several short stretches of homologous regions including the @entity2733 -terminal eight @entity1522 and the @entity2569 78 region of dnaC protein.

title: Structure of XXXX dnaC. Identification of a @entity462 residue possibly involved in association with dnaB protein.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4026 Background: @entity1 with inoperable @entity157 have a grave prognosis with a median survival of about 4 months. Single agent A has been commonly used but response rate (RR) has been <20%. A phase II study using combination PIAF has shown to be promising with RR of 26%. The objectives of this study were to compare A vs PIAF in @entity1 with inoperable @entity157 . METHODS: This is a phase III randomized study. Eligible @entity1 include: histological proven inoperable @entity157 , adequate organ functions. Baseline radiological investigations were performed by CT (preferably) or US. They were randomized to either 3-weekly A(60mg/m2) or PIAF ( P 20mg/m2 d1-4,I 5 MU/m2 d1-4, A 40 mg/m2 d1, F 4000 mg/m2 d1-4) treatment. The primary endpoint was overall survival and the secondary endpoints were response rates and @entity137 . Responses were graded according to WHO criteria. @entity137 were recorded according to NCI CTC. RESULTS: The planned accrual was 200 @entity1 (100 per arm). We report here the outcome of the first 180 @entity1 . 170 @entity1 were assessable for response; 4 @entity1 did not have measurable disease, while 6 did not receive any chemotherapy. 82 of 89 in the A arm and 88 of 91 in the PIAF arm were assessable for response. @entity1 in A and PIAF arms received a median of 4 and 3 cycles of chemotherapy respectively. In A arm, there were 1 CR, 8 PR, 35 SD, 28 @entity1726 , 10 unknown; RR 10.9% (95%CI 4.2-17.7%). In PIAF arm, there were 18 PR, 30 SD, 19 @entity1726 , 21 unknown; RR 20.4% (95%CI 12.0-28.8%). There was no significant difference in the RR (p=0.091). Based on intention-to-treat analysis, the median survival of the A and PIAF arms were 7.1 (95%CI 5.4-9.8) and 8.4 (95%CI 6.2-12.8) months respectively (p=0.8701). CONCLUSIONS: There is no significant difference in response rates and overall survival between A and PIAF. The prognosis of @entity1 with inoperable @entity157 remains poor. @entity137 data will be available at presentation. Further study using novel agents/combination is warranted. Acknowledgements: Interferon a-2b was supplied by Schering-Plough Division of SOL Ltd. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: A phase III study of doxorubicin (A) versus cisplatin (P)/ interferona-2b (I)/ doxorubicin (A)/ fluorouracil (F) combination chemotherapy (PIAF) for inoperable @entity157 ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicity', 'toxicities', 'Toxicities']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['HCC']


abstract: @entity63416 (formerly known as @entity63416 ) is a recently identified member of the @entity1 kallikrein gene family. This family harbours several genes aberrantly expressed in various @entity5 as well as established (PSA/ @entity16914 , @entity14958 ) and potential ( @entity22546 , @entity7434 ) @entity5 markers. Similar to other kallikrein genes, @entity63416 was found to be regulated by @entity134 hormones, particularly @entity3800 and @entity7828 , in @entity5344 cell lines. Preliminary studies indicated that @entity63416 is differentially expressed in breast, ovarian, prostatic and @entity5 . Given the above, we determined the prognostic significance of @entity63416 expression in @entity0 . We studied @entity63416 expression in 178 histologically confirmed epithelial @entity0 by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and correlated with clinicopathological variables ( @entity5 stage, grade, histotype etc.) and with outcome (disease-free survival and overall survival), monitored over a median of 76 months. @entity63416 mRNA levels ranged from 0 to 1,219 arbitrary units in @entity0 tissues, with a mean+/-s.e. of 136+/-22. An optimal cutoff value of 40.5 arbitrary units was selected, to categorise @entity5 as @entity63416 -positive or negative. Higher concentrations of @entity63416 mRNA were more frequently found in @entity1 with advanced stage (III) disease (P=0.032). No statistically significant association was found between @entity63416 and the other clinicopathological variables. @entity63416 overexpression was found to be a significant predictor of decreased disease-free survival (hazard ratio of 2.31, P=0.001) and overall survival (hazard ratio of 2.21, P=0.005). Cox multivariate analysis indicated that @entity63416 was an independent prognostic indicator of disease-free survival and overall survival. @entity63416 also has independent prognostic value in subgroups of @entity1 with a @entity5 size </=2 cm and positive nodal, @entity2931 receptor and progestin receptor status. We conclude that @entity63416 expression, as assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, is an independent marker of unfavourable prognosis for @entity0 .

title: Quantitative analysis of XXXX kallikrein gene 14 expression in @entity0 indicates association with poor prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5344 :: ('MESH:D061325', 'Disease') :: ['breast and ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'breast carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity2931 :: ('CHEBI:50114', 'Chemical') :: ['oestrogen']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'testicular tumours', 'tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity7828 :: ('MESH:D011372', 'Chemical') :: ['progestins']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Nasal and upper respiratory tract obstruction in the neonatal period can result from a variety of conditions, and may present with variable symptoms. In the absence of @entity154 or other abnormalities, causes of nasal obstruction may be difficult to differentiate on initial examination. We report an unexpected and potentially life-threatening condition arising during the work-up of this common neonatal complaint. DESIGN: Case report with literature review. RESULTS: A male neonate presented with complaints of nasal obstruction and feeding difficulties. A common diagnostic approach to neonatal nasal obstruction was performed, resulting in an unexpected and potentially life-threatening, albeit curative, result. Cannulation of the nasal cavity to rule out @entity16453 resulted in a burst of @entity548 from the nose and mouth. A finger sweep of the oropharynx produced a dislodged @entity66 . Pathology revealed a salivary gland anlage @entity5 of the nasopharynx. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of a nasopharyngeal @entity66 should be considered in neonates with nasal obstructive symptoms. It is wise to place an index finger in the oropharynx when passing catheters to rule out @entity16453 to feel a dislodged @entity66 before it can become an airway foreign body. Should passage of nasal catheters result in @entity548 and/or respiratory distress, the possibility of a displaced @entity66 must be considered immediately to institute prompt intervention.

title: XXXX of the nasopharynx.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['dysmorphic features']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['mass lesion']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity16453 :: ('MESH:D002754', 'Disease') :: ['choanal atresia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Congenital salivary gland anlage tumor']


abstract: AIM: To study whether adalimumab (ADA) was associated with improvement in growth, @entity79 ( @entity79 ) and bone metabolism. METHODS: In @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) there is a high prevalence of @entity851 and reduced @entity79 . Treatment with infliximab is associated with an improvement in growth. Anthropometry, paediatric @entity30 activity index (PCDAI), bone markers and @entity79 was measured in 18 @entity1 (72% females) one year before and after start of ADA with a median age of 14.4 years (range: 5-19 years) at treatment start. Outcomes were indicators of growth with treatment as well as interval growth. RESULTS: Eleven (61%) @entity1 experienced catch-up growth after ADA. PCDAI significantly decreased from 52.1    16 to 30.4    23 (P  <= 0.001). Post ADA, body mass index (BMI) standard deviation score (SDS) 0.1[range: 2.7-(-0.8)] vs -1 [range: 0.1-(-3.6)], P = 0.04 and    BMI SDS in @entity1 0.3 [range: 0.7-(-0.2)] vs -1.1 [range: 1.2-(-2.3)], P = 0.01 in remission were significantly higher compared to those with moderate to severe @entity32 . The main predictors for growth were @entity14951 and for bone mineralisation weight and height SDS. ADA had no significant influence on bone markers and @entity79 . CONCLUSION: Next to improvement of PCDAI, half of the @entity1 achieved a positive catch-up growth. A better nutritional status with improvement in BMI and weight is positive predictor for improved growth and bone mineralisation.

title: Growth and bone health in paediatric @entity1 with XXXX receiving subcutaneous tumor necrosis factor antibody.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth failure']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

entities_list: @entity14951 :: ('MESH:D002112', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxycholecalciferol']

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Peritoneal lavage after @entity5 surgery is performed to reduce microscopic @entity41 in the peritoneum. This study evaluated the effects and mechanism of dialysate lavage in reducing the peritoneal implantation of @entity356 cells. METHODS: @entity356 cells (MKN45 or AGS) were cultured with 1.5% @entity298 ( @entity298 ) or @entity4361 ( @entity4361 ) for 30 min. The in vitro cell susceptibility to dialysate, including cell proliferation, cell @entity204 , cleaved @entity8383 expression, and mitochondrial membrane potential, was evaluated. A @entity19 model for @entity356 cell peritoneal seeding was established to test the effects of @entity298 and @entity4361 lavage on animal survival and @entity5 growth. RESULTS: A significant decrease in cell proliferation in @entity298 and @entity4361 (75.2    0.1 vs. 12.4    0.2% in MKN45, p = 0.009; 58.2    0.01 vs. 28.0    0.01% in AGS, p = 0.008), an increase in mitochondrial permeability transition (93.0    2.6 vs. 18.0    2.9% in MKN45, p = 0.021; 86.8    4.6 vs. 47.7    10.2% in AGS, p < 0.001), and an increase in the expression of cleaved @entity8383 and increased @entity204 (25.6    9.4 vs. 16.9    5.3% in MKN45, p = 0.031; 39.5    5.1 vs. 20.9    3.9% in AGS, p = 0.008) were recorded for @entity356 cells separately exposed to @entity298 and @entity4361 . Twenty-four days after inoculating @entity1 cells (5 * 10(6)/0.1 ml) in the peritoneal cavity, the average number of seeded @entity5 was 67.3    10.8, 92.3    6.0, and 29.2    16.7 (p = 0.032), and the total weight of @entity5 was 0.98    0.21, 0.58    0.12, and 0.31    0.17 g (p = 0.008), respectively, for @entity19 receiving sham operation, @entity4361 lavage, and @entity298 lavage. The 45-day survival rate for the @entity298 lavage group was 22% compared to 0% for the sham injection and @entity4361 lavage groups (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: @entity298 induced significant @entity137 in @entity356 cells that was related to mitochondrial perturbation. The use of @entity298 lavage was effective in reducing the peritoneal implantation of @entity356 in a @entity19 model.    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Dialysate Lavage: An Alternative Solution for Reducing the Peritoneal Implantation of Poorly Differentiated XXXX Cells.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumors']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'peritoneal dialysate']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity4361 :: ('MESH:C537354', 'Disease') :: ['NS', 'normal saline']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric cancers', 'Gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['Gastric Cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was prompted by previous findings that suggested that scleral wrapping increased the rate of complications following insertion of bone-derived @entity692 orbital implants and compared the long-term results of implants inserted with and without scleral wraps. METHODS: This retrospective case series reviewed the long-term outcomes of 159 @entity1 who had undergone enucleation with insertion of a bone-derived @entity692 orbital implant at Dunedin Hospital between 1977 and 2006. Implants were inserted with and without scleral wraps in 85 and 74 cases, respectively. Follow up was 0.5-27.5 years (mean 8.2 years) for the whole series and 9.7 years for the sclera group and 6.7 years for the group without sclera. @entity1 details were obtained from theatre records, case note review, @entity1 interview and examination, interview of @entity1 relatives and family general practitioner records. The main outcome measures were the rates of minor or major complications and their treatments and outcomes. RESULTS: Twenty-seven cases (17%) suffered minor complications of limited implant exposure that either healed spontaneously, with implant drilling or wound resuturing and 11 cases (7%) suffered major complications requiring explantation. Of 38 @entity1 with @entity260 , 31 (82%) had scleral wraps compared with 7 (18%) without sclera (P < 0.001; OR 5.14, 95% CI 2.00-14.78). CONCLUSION: Bone-derived @entity692 orbital implants inserted without scleral wrap were associated with better clinical outcomes and a lower rate of long-term complications. It is therefore recommended that these implants be inserted without a scleral wrap.

title: Scleral wrap increases the long-term complication risk of bone-derived XXXX orbital implants.

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

answer: @entity692 :: (MESH:D017886,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyapatite']


abstract: @entity1943 ( @entity29873 ), similar to other neuropeptides, is likely to influence the morpho-functional characteristics of neurons. We studied possible morphological alterations of @entity19 retinal neurons following genetic deletion of @entity29873 subtype receptor 1 [ @entity27755 knockout (KO)] or 2 ( @entity12674 KO). In @entity27755 KO retinas, axonal terminals of rod bipolar cells (RBCs), identified with protein kinase C immunoreactivity, were 25% larger than in controls. In contrast, in @entity12674 KO retinas, RBC axonal terminals were significantly smaller (-14%). No major ultrastructural differences were observed between control and KO RBCs. In @entity12674 KO retinas, @entity29873 levels decreased by about 35%, while both @entity27755 receptor mRNA and protein increased by about 170% and 100%, respectively. This compares to previous results reporting an increase of both retinal @entity29873 and @entity12674 receptors following @entity27755 receptor deletion. Together, these findings suggest that, on the one hand, @entity27755 receptor deletion induces over-expression of @entity12674 receptors, and vice versa; on the other hand, that an imbalance in @entity27755 and @entity12674 receptor expression and/or changes in the levels of retinal @entity29873 induced by @entity27755 or @entity12674 receptor deletion are responsible for the morphological changes in RBC axonal terminals. Similar alterations of RBC terminals were observed in KO retinas at 2 weeks of age (eye opening). In addition, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis of the expression of @entity12674 and @entity27755 receptors in developing @entity27755 and @entity12674 KO retinas, respectively, demonstrated that these receptors are up-regulated at or near eye opening. These findings suggest that the integrity of the somatostatinergic system during development is necessary for proper RBC maturation.

title: Altered morphology of rod bipolar cell axonal terminals in the retinas of @entity19 carrying genetic deletion of XXXX subtype receptor 1 or 2.

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['Somatostatin']

answer: @entity1943 :: (MESH:D013004,Chemical) :: ['somatostatin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that @entity159 ( @entity159 ) would be associated with @entity25 measured objectively, even after controlling for related covariates (health status, psychosocial characteristics). Epidemiological studies linking @entity159 and @entity25 have traditionally relied on self-reported assessments of sleep. METHODS: Ninety-four @entity1 , 61 to 90 years of age, participated in this study. @entity159 was determined by pretax household income and years of education. Objective and subjective assessments of @entity25 were obtained using the NightCap sleep system and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively. Health status was determined by subjective health ratings and objective measures of recent and @entity102 . @entity308 and @entity663 were quantified using the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale and the @entity663 subscale of the NEO Personality Inventory, respectively. RESULTS: Household income significantly predicted sleep latency and sleep efficiency even after adjusting for demographic factors, health status, and psychosocial characteristics. Income also predicted PSQI scores, although this association was significantly attenuated by inclusion of @entity663 in multivariate analyses. Education predicted both sleep latency and sleep efficiency, but the latter association was partially reduced after health status and psychosocial measures were included in analyses. Education predicted @entity25 , but not global scores. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity159 is robustly linked to both subjective and objective @entity25 , and that health status and psychosocial characteristics partially explain these associations.

title: Socioeconomic status predicts objective and subjective @entity25 in aging XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity25 :: ('MESH:D012893', 'Disease') :: ['sleep quality', 'PSQI sleep efficiency component scores']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illnesses']

entities_list: @entity663 :: ('MESH:C564323', 'Disease') :: ['neuroticism', 'Neuroticism']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['SES', 'socioeconomic status']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ) are at increased risk for @entity14 (CAC). Despite the fact that @entity1 at risk are followed closely by colonoscopy to screen for @entity1141 , the prevalence of CAC is still unacceptably high. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of risk factors for CAC, such as @entity1141 , and to determine the relevance of colonoscopic surveillance in the group who went on to develop @entity5 . A series of 24 @entity1 with @entity31 were diagnosed with CAC. The @entity1 ' records were analyzed retrospectively for duration of @entity31 , prevalence of @entity1141 , and other @entity5 risk factors (CRFs) (e.g., pancolitis, @entity991 , early onset of @entity31 , and @entity13570 ). The mean age of the @entity1 at the time of @entity5 diagnosis was 43 years with an average @entity31 duration of 15 years (6 @entity1 had had @entity31 less than 8 years). CAC was identified preoperatively by colonoscopy in 15 of 24 @entity1 , with an additional 7 of 15 showing @entity12318 . Five of nine @entity1 without preoperatively diagnosed CAC had @entity12318 . Overall, 19 @entity1 had additional CRFs, most of them with at least two more CRFs. Despite a regular colonoscopic follow-up for most @entity1 with @entity31 , @entity12318 was missed in 12 @entity1 preoperatively. Therefore we suggest that @entity1 information should also always include surgical options in each case where significant @entity5 risk factors are found.

title: Is colonoscopy alone sufficient to screen for XXXX -associated @entity14 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity12318 :: ('MESH:D005413', 'Disease') :: ['flat dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['primary sclerosing cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity13570 :: ('MESH:D007079', 'Disease') :: ['backwash ileitis']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['preoperative dysplasia', 'dysplasia']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['ulcerative colitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether changes to the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of primary @entity5 in the early period after starting chemotherapy can predict progression-free survival (PFS) or @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in @entity1 with unresectable @entity788 . METHODS: Subjects comprised 43 @entity1 with histologically confirmed unresectable @entity788 treated with first-line chemotherapy. Minimum ADC values in primary @entity5 were measured using the selected area ADC (sADC), which excluded @entity5 ADC (wADC), which included whole @entity5 components. Relative changes in ADC were calculated from baseline to 4  weeks after initiation of chemotherapy. Relationships between ADC and both PFS and @entity1349 were modelled by Cox proportional hazards regression. RESULTS: Median PFS and @entity1349 were 6.1 and 11.0  months, respectively. In multivariate analysis, sADC change was the strongest predictor of PFS (hazard ratio (HR), 4.5; 95  % confidence interval (CI), 1.7-11.9; p   =   0.002). Multivariate Cox regression analysis for @entity1349 revealed sADC change and CRP as independent predictive markers, with sADC change as the strongest predictive biomarker (HR, 6.7; 95  % CI, 2.7-16.6; p   =   0.001). CONCLUSION: Relative changes in sADC could provide a useful imaging biomarker to predict PFS and @entity1349 with chemotherapy for unresectable @entity788 . KEY POINTS:     Relative change in ADC value can predict survival in unresectable @entity788 .     ADC change could determine a chemosensitivity of @entity788 .     ADC values should be measured by excluding cystic, @entity39 areas and vessels.

title: Increased XXXX ADC value during chemotherapy predicts improved survival in unresectable @entity788 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer', 'pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'cystic and necrotic areas and vessels, and the whole tumour']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumour']


abstract: Several important gaps exists in information on the health care resources used by @entity1 with @entity791 , including patterns of outpatient care, differences between populations at risk of the disease, and services paid for by Medicaid. To address the shortage of information in these areas, this study examined average Medicaid expenditures and service use for the time period a @entity1 has @entity791 . The study population was Medicaid enrollees with @entity791 in New York and @entity7452 who died between October 1985 and September 1986. The study focused on the differences between the two states and between four groups that were proxies for at-risk populations: @entity1 , @entity1 , drug-using @entity1 , and non-drug-using @entity1 . Mean lifetime Medicaid expenditures were about  30,000 in New York and  20,000 in @entity7452 . Inpatient use was higher and outpatient service use was lower in New York than in @entity7452 after controlling for risk group, diagnosis, and Medicaid eligibility group (a proxy for income level). In @entity7452 , @entity1 had higher expenditures and inpatient use than @entity1 . In New York, @entity1 and drug-using @entity1 had higher expenditures and use of inpatient and outpatient services (except home health care) than the non-drug-using @entity1 . @entity1 in New York had higher expenditures and hospital use than adults but similar outpatient service use. Multivariate analyses suggest that differences between risk groups were largely attributable to differences in diagnosis and income level (as measured by Medicaid eligibility group).

title: Lifetime Medicaid service utilization and expenditures for @entity791 in New York and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'children', 'Children', 'person', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7452 :: ('MESH:D004670', 'Disease') :: ['California']

answer: @entity7452 :: (MESH:D004670,Disease) :: ['California']


abstract: A host's immune-defense system is suppressive by many factors in @entity1 with @entity5 . We have previously shown one possible mechanism behind the @entity784 , whereby @entity274 secreted from macrophages in tumor-draining lymph node (MTDL) induced @entity784 with down-regulation of TCR zeta molecules. In the present study, we analyzed how MTDL affect T cells, with a particular focus on T-cell apoptosis, by co-culturing MTDL with autologous peripheral blood T cells in @entity356 . Moreover, we characterized the MTDL according to surface marker, @entity26 -burst capacity and intracellular cytokine status. T-cell apoptosis was significantly induced in comparison to T-cell alone control in @entity1 with @entity1442 , concomitant to the elevated caspase activity and following impaired T-cell function. In @entity1 with @entity66 , no significant difference was seen in the proportions of T cells that underwent apoptosis between T cells plus MTDL and T cells alone. Moreover, the addition of a selective scavenger of @entity274 , @entity2196 inhibited the apoptosis of T cells co-cultured with MTDL in @entity1 with @entity1442 . In the characterization of MTDL, the production of @entity274 in MTDL from @entity1442 was significantly higher than that in @entity66 . The amounts of intracellular @entity688 and IL-12 in MTDL in @entity1442 were significantly higher than those in @entity66 . These results indicated that MTDL induced apoptosis of autologous T cells and this @entity784 was mediated by @entity274 derived from MTDL. Furthermore, the characteristics of MTDL including the capacity of @entity26 -burst and intracellular cytokine production were different depending on the disease progression.

title: Macrophages in tumor-draining lymph node with different characteristics induce T-cell apoptosis in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['early disease']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T-cell dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['advanced stage-gastric cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the in  vitro effect of three bacterial isolates ( @entity526 , serotype O75:HNT, @entity5939 , and Bacteroides ureolyticus) and/or leukocytes on sperm motility, subcellular changes in sperm plasma membranes, and sperm fertilizing potential. DESIGN: An in  vitro model of semen @entity2348 . SETTING: Basic research laboratory. @entity1 (S): Healthy normozoospermic volunteers and healthy blood donors. INTERVENTION(S): None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Sperm plasma membrane stability was evaluated with a LIVE/DEAD Sperm Viability Kit and with the @entity28859 540 (M540) test both performed using flow cytometry. An oxiSelect TBARS Assay Kit was used for quantitative measurement of @entity1234 content. Functional ability of spermatozoa was assessed by @entity4 ( @entity4 ) test and sperm penetration assay (SPA). RESULT(S): The incubation of sperm with bacteria and/or leukocytes was associated with the reduction of their fertilizing potential demonstrated in both the @entity4 test and SPA, and this effect can be considered as a natural consequence of diminished motility and sperm membrane injury of lipid bilayers. Bacteroides ureolyticus demonstrated the most significant detrimental effect on sperm structure and function. CONCLUSION(S): Sperm motility and lipid sperm membrane status might be the earliest and the most sensitive indicators of sperm damage with negative consequences for male factor fertility, which can be attributed to both bacteria and leukocytes action.

title: Fertilizing potential of ejaculated XXXX spermatozoa during in  vitro semen @entity2348 .

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['HOS', 'hypo-osmotic swelling']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity28859 :: ('MESH:C548873', 'Chemical') :: ['merocyanine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

entities_list: @entity5939 :: ('1283', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus haemolyticus']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as @entity3352 produce damage in the small intestine as a major adverse reaction. We examined the effect of various NSAIDs on intestinal motility and investigated the pathogenic importance of motility changes in the intestinal ulcerogenic response to @entity3352 in @entity35 . METHODS: Animals without fasting were given various NSAIDs ( @entity3352 10 mg/kg, @entity3522 40 mg/kg, @entity8726 20 mg/kg, @entity1623 40 mg/kg) s.c., and in the case of @entity3352 , the following parameters were examined in the small intestine 24 h later; the lesion score, the number of enterobacteria and @entity1589 ( @entity1589 ) as well as inducible @entity842 (iNOS) activity. Intestinal motility was monitored as intraluminal pressure recordings using a balloon under anesthesia. RESULTS: All NSAIDs tested decreased mucosal @entity1421 levels and produced @entity548 in the small intestine, accompanied by @entity1944 . As representative of NSAIDs, @entity3352 also increased the extent of enterobacterial invasion and @entity1589 as well as iNOS activity before the occurrence of @entity16 , and the hypermotility response was observed earlier than the onset of any other event caused by this agent. The @entity1944 induced by @entity3352 were prevented by either supplementation with dmPGE(2), inhibition of bacterial invasion with @entity869 or inhibition of iNOS activity with @entity5118 , while the hypermotility response was prevented by dmPGE(2) only. In addition, the observed effects of dmPGE(2) were all mimicked by @entity3897 when the @entity1944 was suppressed by this agent. CONCLUSION: These results suggest the pathogenic importance of @entity1944 in the intestinal ulcerogenic response to NSAIDs in @entity35 and show that this event is critical for the occurrence of enterobacterial invasion under @entity942 , followed by various inflammatory changes and damage in the mucosa. This study also suggests that the antispasmodic drug is protective against NSAID-induced @entity1944 .

title: Pathogenic importance of @entity1944 in NSAID-induced small XXXX in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal lesions', 'intestinal hypermotility']

entities_list: @entity5118 :: ('MESH:C004479', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoguanidine']

entities_list: @entity3522 :: ('MESH:D004008', 'Chemical') :: ['diclofenac']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic lesions']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal damage']

entities_list: @entity1623 :: ('MESH:D009288', 'Chemical') :: ['naproxen']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity3897 :: ('MESH:D001285', 'Chemical') :: ['atropine']

entities_list: @entity3352 :: ('MESH:D007213', 'Chemical') :: ['indomethacin']

entities_list: @entity8726 :: ('MESH:D005480', 'Chemical') :: ['flurbiprofen']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['PG deficiency']

answer: @entity16 :: (MESH:D009422,Disease) :: ['intestinal damage']