abstract: @entity4964 is an @entity395 which arise in @entity1 during menses, etiologically related to @entity46 of diaphragm and lung. The five observations and literature review are presented. During 2006-2008 years 45 @entity1 with @entity5229 were treated at Kyiv Clinical Hospital Number 17. Among them, @entity4964 was recognized in 5. In 3 @entity1 , diagnosis was established based on clinical data and thoracoscopy results, in 2--the cause of recurrent pneumothorax was seen intraoperatively. All the @entity1 were operated on, in 2--videothoracoscopic diaphragm plication was done, in 2--we performed video-assisted resection of the affected part of the diaphragm, in 1--partial resection of the diaphragm was done with lateral thoracotomy. Abrasion of parietal pleura was performed in all @entity1 . Endometrioid implants in the resected parts of diaphragm were confirmed histologically. No recurrences were observed during the average 32 months. The treatment of @entity4964 is symptomatic, to prevent recurrences and avoid illness every month. Since @entity4964 is caused by @entity46 , decisions on treatment should be made with a gynecologist's opinion.

title: [ @entity4964 : a rare manifestation of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity4964 :: ('MESH:C538279', 'Disease') :: ['Catamenial pneumothorax', 'catamenial pneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity5229 :: ('MESH:D011030', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous pneumothorax']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic endometriosis', 'endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity395 :: ('MESH:D035583', 'Disease') :: ['rare disease']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: Milk and dairy products provide a lot of valuable nutritive elements. They are also sources of biologically active peptides, including b-casomorphins that manifest the properties of @entity1286 . An activity of @entity34949 seems to be most crucial factor decreasing the efficiency of the b-casomorphin-7 (BCM7) transport. The increase of BCM7 concentration in blood may intensify symptoms of @entity7027 ( @entity7027 ), @entity2438 , @entity161 , and @entity566 . This study aimed at identifying the influence of several selected substances on a transport efficiency of @entity291 BCM7 through an intestinal monolayer in a Caco-2 cell model system. Applying the ELISA method, the permeability coefficient of BCM7 through the Caco-2 monolayer was calculated. TEER values were used to evaluate the integrity of Caco-2 cell monolayers. An increase of @entity413 and @entity141 concentrations in the culture medium was accompanied by an increase of the BCM7 transport efficiency. The lowest permeability coefficients of BCM7 were observed for the membranes with high electrical resistances. The transport was enhanced in the presence of milk @entity1 formulas, whereas no changes were observed when using  -opioid receptor antagonist (casoxin-6). The results may be useful in understanding the pathogenesis of @entity32 and food @entity566 in @entity1 .

title: XXXX and calcium ions may modulate the efficiency of @entity291 b-casomorphin-7 permeability through a monolayer of Caco-2 cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infant', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity7027 :: ('MESH:D057768', 'Disease') :: ['apparent life threatening events', 'ALTE']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['Glucose']


abstract: @entity32 is thought to be a major contributor to metabolic and @entity179 . Since inflammatory components are shared among different disorders, @entity32 is an attractive option for mitigating disease. To test the significance of @entity32 in the lipid storage disorder (LSD) @entity1687 ( @entity1687 ), we deleted the macrophage inflammatory gene @entity12427 / @entity12427 from @entity1687 diseased @entity19 . Deletion of @entity12427 had been reported to delay @entity528 in Sandhoff LSD @entity19 by inhibiting macrophage infiltration. For @entity1687 @entity19 , in contrast, deleting @entity12427 did not retard @entity179 and worsened the clinical outcome. Depletion of visceral tissue macrophages also did not alter central nervous system (CNS) pathology and instead increased @entity99 , suggesting a limited macrophage infiltration response into the CNS and a beneficial role of macrophage activity in visceral tissue. Prevention of @entity528 or @entity99 , even at late stages in the disease, was achieved through specific rescue of @entity1687 in neurons or in liver epithelial cells, respectively. Local epithelial cell correction was also sufficient to reduce the macrophage-associated pathology in lung tissue. These results demonstrate that elevated @entity32 and macrophage activity does not necessarily contribute to @entity179 and tissue injury, and LSD defects in immune cells may not preclude an appropriate inflammatory response. We conclude that @entity32 remains secondary to neuronal and epithelial cell dysfunction and does not irreversibly contribute to the pathogenic cascade in @entity1687 . Without further exploration of possible beneficial roles of inflammatory mediators, @entity32 may not be therapeutically effective at ameliorating disease severity.

title: XXXX in the lipid storage disorder @entity1687 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic systemic inflammation', 'inflammation', 'targeting inflammation']

entities_list: @entity1687 :: ('MESH:D052556', 'Disease') :: ['NPC disease', 'NPC', 'Niemann-Pick C']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegeneration', 'neurodegenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['liver injury']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss', 'neuron loss']

answer: @entity528 :: (MESH:D009410,Disease) :: ['Neuronal and epithelial cell rescue resolves chronic systemic inflammation']


abstract: In all @entity1778 both in @entity1 and adults there is a need for novel therapies that could reduce the risk of relapse after standard treatment. @entity981 ( @entity981 ) cells are ineffective antigen presenting cells, but as shown by many authors including results from our laboratory, stimulation with @entity11603 restores their antigen expressing capacity. The development of T-cell therapies for @entity1778 @entity1 can be based on discovery of @entity1778 -associated antigens (LAA) which could be recognized by the host immune system. The aim of our present study was to test the hypothesis that @entity1778 -derived dendritic cells maintain the expression of @entity5 associated antigens. Twenty five @entity1 with B-cell precursor @entity981 were prospectively enrolled into the study. The mononuclear cells from peripheral blood or bone marrow were cultured and stimulated (or not) with @entity11603 and @entity3646 . The assessment of costimulatory/adhesion molecules with the use of flow cytometry and real-time RT PCR were used to confirm the possibility of turning @entity981 cells into dendritic-like cells. Additionally 22 @entity5 associated antigens mRNA levels were determined by real-time PCR technique with the TaqMan chemistry using ready-to-use Low Density Arrays for Gene Expression. The results of the study showed maintained expression and even up-regulation of some ( @entity29927 , @entity29928 , @entity16104 / @entity16104 , BSG and @entity11833 ) @entity5 associated antigens in @entity2936 -activated @entity1778 cells. @entity11603 stimulation leading to the differentiation of @entity1778 cells into DCs which combine both antigen presenting function and expression of @entity5 associated antigens represents an interesting approach in @entity5 immunotherapy.

title: @entity981 -derived dendritic cells express @entity5 associated antigens: XXXX , @entity29928 , @entity16104 , BSG and @entity11833 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['Acute lymphoblastic leukemia', 'ALL']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukemic', 'leukemia', 'types of leukemia']

answer: @entity29927 :: (87178,Gene) :: ['PNPT1']


abstract: ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE: Our previous study showed that the proteoglycan P1 from Phellinus linteus (Mesima) exhibits significant anti- @entity5 activity against @entity1 @entity157 cells (HepG2); however, its molecular mechanism remains unknown. This study aims to provide insights into the mechanism of the anti- @entity5 activity of P1 against HepG2 cells. METHODS: We examined the effects of P1 on HepG2 cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Flow cytometry was used to analyze the cell cycle distribution and apoptosis. Proteomic analysis, real-time (RT)-PCR, and Western blot were carried out to observe the expression of several cell cycle control proteins in HepG2 cells. RESULTS: Both the volume and the weight of @entity5 were significantly decreased in P1-treated @entity19 (200mg/kg) compared with the control. The HepG2 cells in the P1-treated @entity5 were significantly decreased, irregularly shaped, and smaller. P1 slightly increased the body weight of the @entity5 -bearing @entity19 , which indicates that P1 is nontoxic to mammals at 200mg/kg. P1 also caused a significant dose-dependent increase in S phase arrest, but no apoptosis was observed in HepG2 cells. The results of the proteomic analysis, RT-PCR, and Western blot analysis showed that significantly downregulated expression of @entity23078 , @entity1896 , cyclin E, and @entity17068 and upregulated expression of @entity7919 and @entity5206 in the P1-treated HepG2 cells (200  g/ml). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that @entity23078 expression and the @entity7919 - @entity5206 /D1/E- @entity17068 pathway were involved in P1-induced S-phase cell cycle arrest in HepG2 cells.

title: Polysaccharide from Phellinus linteus induces S-phase arrest in HepG2 cells by decreasing XXXX expression and activating the @entity7919 - @entity5206 /D1/E-CDK2 pathway.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity23078 :: (12317(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['calreticulin']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5409 are common findings during prenatal ultrasonography but their prenatal and postnatal prognosis is difficult to establish because of some regress spontaneously. The purpose of this study was to identify putative criteria to predict regression of partially or @entity5409 detected by prenatal ultrasound. METHODS: Prenatal ultrasound features of thoracic or @entity5409 were retrospectively analyzed. @entity2670 were not included in this study. RESULTS: A total of 57 @entity5409 were studied. Of the 57 lesion, 36 @entity75 including 10 abdominal (43.5%) and 26 thoracic (76.5%) @entity75 required surgical resection. Of the 57 @entity75 , 10 persistent @entity75 after birth were only monitored. @entity75 including eight abdominal (34.7%) and three thoracic (8.8%) @entity75 regressed prenatally (p   =   0.02). Regressing @entity75 consistently presented as solitary @entity75 with a homogenous aspect. Only one abdominal lesion showed a multilobulated aspect. Two regressing thoracic @entity75 were purely cystic and one lesion presented a heterogeneous aspect. CONCLUSION: Regression of @entity5409 detected by prenatal ultrasound scan was more likely for @entity75 in abdominal (mainly adrenal or @entity75 ) than thoracic locations. The likelihood of regression was highest for purely cystic @entity75 .

title: Putative criteria for predicting spontaneous regression of prenatally diagnosed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['Eleven lesions', 'abdominal lesions', 'splenic lesions', 'lesions']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesions', 'completely cystic lesions', 'Cystic lesions', 'abdominal cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity2670 :: ('MESH:D010049', 'Disease') :: ['Ovarian and urological lesions']

answer: @entity5409 :: (MESH:D052177,Disease) :: ['thoracoabdominal cystic lesions']


abstract: A theoretical math model was created to assess the net effect of aging populations versus evolving system designs from the standpoint of @entity764 potential. The model was used to project the next twenty-five years of @entity764 in Canada. The choice of Canada was topical because rulemaking for CMVSS 208 has been proposed recently. The study was limited to properly-belted, front-outboard, adult occupants in 11-1 o'clock frontal crashes. Moreover, only @entity27236 + @entity764 potential was considered. The research consisted of four steps. First, sub-models were developed and integrated. The sub-models were made for numerous real-world effects including population growth, crash involvement, fleet penetration of various systems (via system introduction, vehicle production, and @entity6661 ), and attendant injury risk estimation. Second, existing NASS data were used to estimate the number of @entity27236 + chest-injured drivers in Canada in 2001. This served as data for model validation. Third, the projection model was correlated favorably with the 2001 field estimate. Finally, for the scenario that 2004-2030 model-year systems would perform like 2000-2003 model-year systems, a projection was made to estimate the long-term effect of eliminating designs that would not comply with the proposed CMVSS 208. The 2006-2030-projection result for this scenario: 764 occupants would benefit from the proposed regulation. This projection was considered to be conservative because future innovation was not considered, and, to date, the fleet's average chest deflections have been decreasing. The model also predicted that, through 2016, the effect of improving system performance would be more influential than the population-aging effect; thereafter, the population-aging effect would somewhat counteract the effect of improving system performance. This theoretical math model can provide insights for both designers and rule makers.

title: A Theoretical Math Model for Projecting XXXX + Thoracic Injury for Belted Occupants in Frontal Impact.

entities_list: @entity6661 :: ('MESH:D019217', 'Disease') :: ['vehicle attrition']

entities_list: @entity764 :: ('MESH:D013898', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic injury', 'thoracic injuries']

answer: @entity27236 :: (378427,Gene) :: ['AIS3']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of measuring phosphorylated @entity10116 (phIGFBP-1) in cervical secretions to predict @entity600 among @entity1 with premature uterine contractions. METHODS: A prospective study was conducted between September 27, 2013, and February 28, 2014, at a tertiary center in India. @entity1 with symptoms of @entity3152 at 24-36weeks underwent testing for phIGFBP-1 in cervical secretions. Cervical length was measured by ultrasonography. RESULTS: Cervical swab samples tested positive for phIGFBP-1 among 34 (57%) of the 60 @entity1 . Mean cervical length was 2.15  0.63cm among the 46 (77%) @entity1 who delivered preterm and 2.54  0.47cm among the 14 (23%) @entity1 who delivered at term. Of the 46 preterm deliveries, 29 (63%) @entity1 tested positive for phIGFBP-1 and 17 (37%) tested negative. Mean length of pregnancy at delivery was 32.11  4.09weeks and 35.77  1.68weeks among @entity1 who tested positive and negative for phIGFBP-1, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of phIGFBP-1 to predict @entity600 were 86.96%, 35.29%, 64.52%, and 66.67%, respectively. CONCLUSION: A rapid bedside test measuring phIGFBP-1 identified @entity1 at high risk of @entity3152 .

title: Prediction of @entity3152 by a rapid bedside test detecting phosphorylated XXXX in cervical secretions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity10116 :: ('3484', 'Gene') :: ['insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery', 'preterm labor']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

answer: @entity10116 :: (3484,Gene) :: ['insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1']


abstract: Many @entity5 @entity1 are anxious even when disease is in remission. @entity148 about health, 'health @entity148 ', has distinct features, notably seeking medical reassurance about symptoms. Doctors may then communicate that these symptoms are not due to serious illness, a process known as 'reassurance'. However, reassurance may inadvertently perpetuate some @entity1 ' @entity148 . We aimed to observe the relation between symptoms, @entity148 and reassurance in consultations with @entity5 @entity1 . A total of 95 outpatients, with @entity0 in remission, completed questionnaires measuring health @entity148 at study entry, then general @entity148 - before a consultation, immediately afterwards, 1 week later, and before their next consultation. We examined symptoms reported and reassurance by oncologists from audio recordings of consultations, and the outcome of subjects' @entity148 . The results showed that substantial health @entity148 was reported by one-third of the @entity1 . @entity1 with higher levels of health @entity148 reported more symptoms during consultations. Reassurance was ubiquitous, but not followed by an enduring improvement in @entity148 . Certain forms of reassurance predicted increased @entity148 over time, particularly for subjects who were most anxious. In conclusion, health @entity148 can be a problem after @entity5 . Reassurance may not reduce @entity1 ' @entity148 . Some reassurance was counterproductive for the most anxious @entity1 . Oncologists may need to use reassurance as a procedure, balancing risk, and benefits, and @entity1 selection and to manage @entity5 @entity1 in remission.

title: Reassurance and the XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['Anxiety', 'anxiety']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast or testicular cancers']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['anxious cancer']


abstract: This study aims to explore the differences of event-related potential (ERP) between @entity71 ( @entity71 ) and normal @entity1 , so that these differences provide scientific basis for the diagnosis of @entity71 . Eight @entity1 were identified to be @entity71 group by the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV (diagnostic and statistical manual of @entity146 ), and the control group also consisted of 8 normal @entity1 . Modified visual-continuous performance test (CPT) was used as the experiment paradigm. The experiment included two major conditions, i. e. Go and @entity14841 . All the 16 subjects participated in the study. A high density EEG acquisition instrument was used to record the EEG signal and processed these EEG data by means of ERP and spectrum analysis. P2-N2 peak-peak value and spectral peak around 11 Hz were analyzed between @entity71 subjects and those in the control group, and then statistical tests were applied to these two groups. Results showed that: (1) Under the condition of Go, @entity71 group had a significant lower P2-N2 peak-peak value than the values in the control group (P < 0.05); but under the condition of @entity14841 there was no significant difference in between. (2) Compared with the control group, the @entity71 group had significant lower spectral amplitude around 11 Hz under the condition of @entity14841 (P < 0.05). However, under the condition of Go the difference was insignificant. In conclusion, there is certain @entity73 in @entity71 @entity1 . P2-N2 peak-peak value and spectral peak around 11 Hz could be considered as clinical evaluation indexes of @entity71 @entity1 's cognitive function. These two objective indexes provide an early diagnosis and effective treatment of @entity71 .

title: [Study of Event-related Brain Potential in XXXX with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders-IV']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'attention deficit hyperactivity disorder']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Children']


abstract: The detection, monitoring, and quantification of subclinical @entity99 present difficult problems for the clinician caring for @entity1 with @entity409 . Traditionally, pencil and paper tests such as signature-writing have been used at the bed-side to measure early @entity75 . More recently, the @entity2205 -making test has been employed to detect and quantify encephalopathic changes. While the electroencephalogram has provided information about the extent of clinically-obvious @entity75 , it has only recently proved useful in the detection of subclinical disease. In these cases, evoked potentials and spectral analysis methods have discriminated between 35 and 62% of @entity1 with subclinical @entity99 . The present study used the method of feedback electroencephalography to detect and quantify differences in cortical arousal in 5 cirrhotic @entity1 and 5 normal age-matched controls. Subject were also compared with respect to baseline measures of cortical arousal. Finally, arousal during feedback EEG stimulation was correlated with @entity2205 -making test performance. The data revealed that cirrhotic @entity1 can be discriminated from normal controls by baseline (80% detection) and feedback stimulation conditions (100% detection). In addition, feedback EEG reactivity (cortical arousal) was inversely correlated with @entity2205 -making test performance (-0.86, P less than 0.01). The results indicate that simple features of the conventional EEG can reliably discriminate cirrhotic @entity1 from normals. Clinical application of the feedback method in other @entity9555 , as well as in hypoaroused states secondary to, for example, @entity2724 , is discussed.

title: Feedback EEG in the detection of subclinical XXXX : a preliminary report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity9555 :: ('MESH:D001928', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic encephalopathies']

entities_list: @entity2724 :: ('MESH:D009290', 'Disease') :: ['narcolepsy']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatic encephalopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4854 has been shown to augment @entity5 growth in vitro. However, the effects of persistent @entity4854 on survival, recurrence and @entity528 in @entity1 undergoing surgery for low grade @entity11 remain unknown. METHODS: All @entity1 who underwent a craniotomy for @entity11 (WHO grade II) from 1996 to 2006 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Persistent @entity4854 was defined as serum @entity413 >180 microg/dl occurring three or more times between 1 and 3 months post-operatively. The independent association of outpatient @entity413 levels and recorded clinical and treatment variables with overall survival, @entity5 recurrence and @entity528 was assessed via separate multivariate proportional-hazards regression analyses. RESULTS: In this study, 182 @entity1 (89 @entity816 , 82 @entity3271 and 11 @entity11 ) were available for analysis. Eighteen (10%) @entity1 experienced persistent @entity4854 . @entity1 experiencing persistent @entity4854 were older (44 +/- 16 versus 34 +/- 15) and more frequently diabetic [3 (17%) versus 4 (2%)]. All other clinical and treatment variables were not significantly different between the two cohorts. After adjusting for inter-group differences including age and @entity6 and variables associated with survival and recurrence, persistent @entity4854 was independently associated with decreased survival (p=0.001), increased recurrence (p=0.0001) and increased @entity528 (p<0.0001). This remained true after excluding all @entity1 with @entity6 and those on continued @entity134 administration. Five-year overall survival, progression-free survival and malignancy-free survival for persistent @entity4854 versus relatively euglycemic cohorts were 43% versus 84%, 16% versus 46% and 46% versus 77%, respectively. DISCUSSION: These findings may provide useful insight for increasing survival, decreasing @entity5 recurrence and decreasing @entity528 in @entity1 undergoing surgery for low grade @entity11 .

title: Persistent outpatient XXXX is independently associated with survival, recurrence and @entity528 following surgery for hemispheric low grade @entity11 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['hemispheric low grade glioma', 'mixed gliomas', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['fibrillary astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia', 'Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['malignant degeneration']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendrogliomas']

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the ventilator score of Smith and Gordon (1986) can accurately predict outcome in @entity1 with severe @entity649 ( @entity649 ). DESIGN: Retrospective study of data from case records and flow sheets. SETTING: University Hospital Intensive Care Unit. SUBJECTS: Fifty-five @entity1 with severe @entity649 . MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The ventilator score of Smith and Gordon (1986), based on a compound score of the @entity1 's age, alveolar to arterial @entity26 tension difference and mean peak airway pressure, was calculated daily for for each @entity1 . In contrast to the original report, a high ventilator score ( greater than 80) had a predictive value for death of only 59%, and a specificity of only 29%. The use of a higher ventilator score ( greater than 100) resulted in a predictive value of only 70% with a specificity of 75%. The use of inverse ratio ventilation was associated with a significant improvement in survival in those @entity1 with ventilator scores greater than 100. This finding has not been reported previously. CONCLUSIONS: The ventilator score does not provide a satisfactory predictor of outcome in @entity649 and cannot be used as a prognostic tool. It may have some use as an indicator of the severity of @entity1576 . A ventilator score greater than 100 may be an indication for the institution of inverse ratio ventilation.

title: A re-evaluation of the ventilator score as an indicator of prognosis in the adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

answer: @entity649 :: (MESH:D012128,Disease) :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']


abstract: Pericentric inversions are among the most frequent chromosomal rearrangements with a frequency of 1-2%. There is no phenotypic effect in the majority of pericentric inversion heterozygote carriers, when it is a balanced rearrangement. However, @entity2208 , @entity249 and/or chromosomally unbalanced offspring can be observed in carriers of a pericentric inversion. This is a case of pericentric inversion of one chromosome 21: @entity30946 (21) ( @entity9287 ; q22) in repeated @entity393 . A couple was referred for cytogenetic examination due to idiopathic @entity2208 . The proband proved to be a carrier of chromosomal inversion and her partner's karyotype was found to be normal. The karyotype of the proband is 46, xx, @entity30946 (21) ( @entity9287 ; q22). This abnormal karyotype is reported as a probable reason of miscarriage in the investigated couple. The risk of further @entity2208 and the risk of a progeny with abnormal karyotype are rather high. Therefore, amniocenthesis for finding the @entity2008 as a prenatal diagnosis are proposed for the @entity1 if future pregnancy does not lead to miscarriage.

title: A Rare Case of Pericentric Inversion, XXXX (21) ( @entity9287 ;q22) in Repeated Pregnancy Loss: A Case Report.

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['miscarriages']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormality']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

answer: @entity30946 :: (27130,Gene) :: ['Inv']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We reported recently the clinical efficiency of interferon (IFN)-a/ @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) combination therapy in advanced @entity157 ( @entity157 ). However, prediction of the response to the combination therapy remains unsatisfactory. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti- @entity5 effects of @entity10017 on the sensitivity of @entity157 cells to @entity686 / @entity1487 and whether @entity10017 can be used as a predictor of the response to such therapy in @entity157 . METHODS: Changes in the sensitivity of @entity157 cells (PLC/PRF/5 and HepG2) to @entity686 / @entity1487 were examined after transfection with pre- @entity10017 or anti- @entity10017 . The correlation between @entity10017 expression level, evaluated by qRT-PCR, and response to the therapy was also investigated in clinical @entity157 specimens. RESULTS: @entity157 cells transfected with pre- @entity10017 were significantly resistant to @entity686 / @entity1487 . Annexin V assay showed that the percentage of apoptotic cells was significantly lower in cells transfected with pre- @entity10017 than control cells. Transfection of anti- @entity10017 rendered @entity157 cells sensitive to @entity686 / @entity1487 , and such sensitivity was weakened by transfection of siRNAs of target molecules, PETN and @entity18239 . @entity10017 expression in clinical @entity157 specimens was significantly associated with the clinical response to the @entity686 / @entity1487 combination therapy and survival rate. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity10017 in @entity157 cell lines and clinical @entity157 samples is a significant modulator of the anti- @entity5 effect of @entity686 and @entity1487 . This suggests that @entity10017 is a potentially suitable marker for the prediction of the clinical response to the @entity686 / @entity1487 combination therapy.

title: MicroRNA-21 induces resistance to the anti- @entity5 effect of interferon-a/ @entity1487 in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'Hepatocellular carcinoma', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: @entity409 ( @entity409 ) has been suggested as a possible causal link between postprandial @entity4854 and @entity65 in @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 . Recent trials demonstrated a reduction of @entity65 by treatment with alpha-glucosidase inhibitor @entity11669 - a drug which mainly reduces postprandial @entity413 excursions. We were interested to know whether @entity1 with newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 showed postprandial @entity409 and if so whether @entity11669 was able to improve this condition. Forearm blood flow (FBF) measurements for assessment of @entity409 were performed in the fasting and postprandial state in 20 newly diagnosed @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 and 10 healthy control subjects. After baseline examination, @entity1 were randomly assigned to a 20-week treatment of @entity11669 100 mg t.i.d or matching placebo, thereafter FBF measurements were repeated. FBF of @entity1 in the fasting state was significantly impaired compared to healthy control subjects (max. FBF 5.3+/-0.7 vs. 8.0+/-0.9 ml/100 ml, p<0.02) and did not change in the postprandial state (max. FBF 5.6+/-0.7 ml/100 ml). In contrast, healthy controls showed a significant improvement of FBF in the postprandial state (11.5+/-1.2 ml/100 ml), which is compatible with postprandial @entity409 in the group of @entity1 . Twenty weeks of @entity11669 treatment did not affect either fasting or postprandial FBF in @entity1 . Early @entity164 2 @entity6 is a state of both fasting and postprandial @entity409 , which is not sensitive to @entity11669 treatment. Protective cardiovascular effects of @entity11669 might involve other mechanisms.

title: Effects of the alpha glucosidase inhibitor @entity11669 on endothelial function after a mixed meal in newly diagnosed XXXX 2 @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['ED', 'Endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular events']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['type']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Prevention of @entity1547 is one of the main strategies in contemporary pediatric dental practice. Mouth rinses are widely used as an adjunct to maintain oral hygiene. It is important for these products to be effective and safe for regular use in @entity1 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to investigate the efficacy of a newly introduced @entity8372 , @entity3163 and @entity14789 containing mouth rinse in reducing levels of plaque @entity6586 and to compare it with that of a 0.12% @entity1216 mouth rinse. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty @entity1 were randomly divided into two groups of 15 @entity1 each. Group I (study group) was given a mouth rinse containing @entity8372 (5%), @entity3163 (0.05%) and @entity14789 (0.03%) and Group II (control group) was given a @entity1216 (0.12%) mouth rinse. Both mouth rinses were @entity167 free. Mouth rinsing was carried out twice daily, half an hour after breakfast and half an hour following dinner, for a period of 21 days under the supervision of the investigator. RESULTS: In both groups, there was a significant reduction in the mean @entity6586 count at the end of 21 days (P < 0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two mouth rinses. CONCLUSION: The use of a low @entity1388 - @entity8372 based mouth rinse appears to be a suitable choice for regular use in @entity1 .

title: Effect of @entity8372 , XXXX and @entity14789 containing mouth rinse on @entity6586 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity6586 :: ('1309', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus mutans', 'S. mutans']

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluoride']

entities_list: @entity14789 :: ('MESH:D014260', 'Chemical') :: ['triclosan']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1547 :: ('MESH:D003731', 'Disease') :: ['dental caries']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

answer: @entity3163 :: (MESH:D012969,Chemical) :: ['sodium fluoride']


abstract: BACKGROUND: According to experimental data, the afferent glomerular arteriole is particularly under control of @entity842 (NO). By use of pharmacological manoeuvres, we examined whether this finding holds true in the @entity1 renal circulation in vivo. METHODS: Seventy-seven volunteers (aged 50+/-9 years) with mild to moderate essential @entity101 (n = 57) or arterial normotension (n = 20) were examined. Basal NO activity in the renal circulation was assessed by the change of renal plasma flow (RPF) through systemic infusion of the NO synthase inhibitor, @entity7293 ( @entity7293 ; 4.25 mg/kg). @entity101 @entity1 were treated over 8 weeks with either the @entity460 -channel blocker @entity3591 or the @entity1129 (1)-receptor blocker @entity917 , primarily dilating the afferent and efferent arteriole, respectively. Subsequently, renal haemodynamics and NO activity in the renal circulation were determined again. RESULTS: @entity7293 reduced RPF in normotensive (by 57+/-70 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m(2); P<0.01) and @entity101 subjects (by 46+/-56 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m(2); P<0.001) with no significant difference between the two groups. The decrease of RPF through @entity7293 was closely related with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR; r = 0.39, P<0.001). Administration of @entity3591 increased GFR by 7.1+/-12.1 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m(2); (P<0.01) and in parallel reduced the response of RPF to @entity7293 to 19+/-48 ml/ @entity1009 .73 m(2); (P<0.05). In contrast, @entity917 maintained GFR and left the response of RPF to @entity7293 unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: NO plays an important role in the regulation of @entity1 glomerular haemodynamics, probably with a greater contribution to afferent than to efferent arteriolar tone in @entity1 .

title: The role of XXXX in the regulation of glomerular haemodynamics in @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity917 :: ('MESH:C081489', 'Chemical') :: ['valsartan']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['Hypertensive', 'hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity7293 :: ('CHEBI:28229', 'Chemical') :: ['L-NMMA', 'N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: @entity66 ( @entity66 ) is a rare @entity74 characterized by @entity6805 and accumulation of fibrinogen aggregates within the hepatocellular endoplasmatic reticulum (ER). Some @entity66 @entity1 present with elevated @entity1472 -transferases and @entity82 / @entity82 similar to @entity8693 ( @entity8693 ), also an ER storage disease. Pharmacological stimulation of autophagy has been shown to mediate clearance of protein aggregates and halt progression of @entity1575 in in vivo models of @entity8693 . Our aim was to evaluate the presence of autophagy and a possible response to autophagy-enhancing therapy in @entity1 with @entity66 . Hepatic @entity82 was assessed by transient elastography in 2 newly identified @entity66 families with fibrinogen Aguadilla and Brescia mutations, encompassing 8 affected members. Available liver biopsies were assessed for autophagy. Two @entity1 , who had had elevated @entity493 amino-transaminase levels (2-5 above upper limit of normal), were treated with the autophagy enhancer @entity2049 ( @entity2050 ). Transient elastography did not show evidence of significant @entity82 in any affected family members. Quantitative electron microscopy of one @entity1 showed a 5.15-fold increase of late stage autophagocytic vacuoles compared to control livers. @entity2050 at low anticonvulsive treatment levels led to rapid normalization of @entity493 -aminotransferase and decrease of caspase-cleaved and uncleaved @entity2873 fragments (M30 and M65). These effects reversed after discontinuation of treatment. Response to @entity2050 may be mediated by pharmacologically enhanced autophagy resulting in reduction of aggregate-related @entity137 in @entity66 . These results suggest clinical applicability of pharmacological stimulation of autophagy in @entity66 , but potentially also in other @entity74 .

title: Autophagy-enhancing drug XXXX diminishes hepatocellular death in fibrinogen storage disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Fibrinogen storage disease', 'FSD']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity8693 :: ('MESH:D019896', 'Disease') :: ['alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency', 'ATD']

entities_list: @entity2049 :: ('MESH:D002220', 'Chemical') :: ['carbamazepine']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal-dominant hereditary disorder', 'related disorders']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6805 :: ('MESH:C531603', 'Disease') :: ['hypofibrinogenemia']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity2049 :: (MESH:D002220,Chemical) :: ['carbamazepine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To test the effects of an intervention that helps families manage distressing behaviors in family members with @entity303 . DESIGN: Two-group randomized trial. SETTING: In home. @entity1 : Two hundred seventy-two caregivers and @entity1 with @entity303 . INTERVENTION: Up to 11 home and telephone contacts over 16 weeks by health professionals who identified potential triggers of @entity1 behaviors, including communication and environmental factors and @entity1 undiagnosed medical conditions (by obtaining blood and urine samples) and trained caregivers in strategies to modify triggers and reduce their upset. Between 16 and 24 weeks, three telephone contacts reinforced strategy use. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcomes were frequency of targeted problem behavior and caregiver upset with and confidence managing it at 16 weeks. Secondary outcomes were caregiver well-being and management skills at 16 and 24 weeks and caregiver perceived benefits. Prevalence of medical conditions for intervention @entity1 were also examined. RESULTS: At 16 weeks, 67.5% of intervention caregivers reported improvement in targeted problem behavior, compared with 45.8% of caregivers in a no-treatment control group (P=.002), and reduced upset with (P=.03) and enhanced confidence managing (P=.01) the behavior. Additionally, intervention caregivers reported less upset with all problem behaviors (P=.001), less negative communication (P=.02), less burden (P=.05), and better well-being (P=.001) than controls. Fewer intervention caregivers had @entity308 symptoms (53.0%) than control group caregivers (67.8%, P=.02). Similar caregiver outcomes occurred at 24 weeks. Intervention caregivers perceived more study benefits (P<.05), including ability to keep family members home, than controls. Blood and urine samples of intervention @entity1 with @entity303 showed that 40 (34.1%) had undiagnosed illnesses requiring physician follow-up. CONCLUSION: Targeting behaviors upsetting to caregivers and modifying potential triggers improves symptomatology in @entity1 with @entity303 and caregiver well-being and skills.

title: Targeting and managing behavioral symptoms in individuals with XXXX : a randomized trial of a nonpharmacological intervention.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Suicidal behavior results from a complex interplay between stressful events and vulnerability factors, including @entity73 . However, it is not clear which cognitive tests may best reveal this vulnerability. The objective was to identify neuropsychological tests of vulnerability to suicidal acts in @entity1 with @entity1316 . METHOD: A search was made of Medline, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases, and article references. A total of 25 studies (2323 @entity1 ) met the selection criteria. A total of seven neuropsychological tests [Iowa gambling task (IGT), Stroop test, trail making test part B, Wisconsin card sorting test, category and semantic verbal fluencies, and continuous performance test] were used in at least three studies to be analysed. RESULTS: IGT and category verbal fluency performances were lower in suicide attempters than in @entity1 controls [respectively, g = -0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) -0.65 to -0.29 and g = -0.32, 95% CI -0.60 to -0.04] and healthy controls, with no difference between the last two groups. Stroop performance was lower in suicide attempters than in @entity1 controls (g = 0.37, 95% CI 0.10-0.63) and healthy controls, with @entity1 controls scoring lower than healthy controls. The four other tests were altered in both @entity1 groups versus healthy controls but did not differ between @entity1 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Deficits in decision-making, category verbal fluency and the Stroop interference test were associated with histories of suicidal behavior in @entity1 with @entity1316 . Altered value-based and cognitive control processes may be important factors of suicidal vulnerability. These tests may also have the potential of guiding therapeutic interventions and becoming part of future systematic assessment of suicide risk.

title: A meta-analysis of neuropsychological markers of vulnerability to suicidal behavior in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorders']

answer: @entity1316 :: (MESH:D019964,Disease) :: ['mood disorders']


abstract: The trend in arthroplasty of the hip joint to implement new models is partly based on theoretical considerations. In order to verify to which extent the philosophy of individual models is ultimately successful, the presentation of long-term results is required. In the years 1991 and 1992, 433 @entity1 with primary implantation of an uncemented total hip replacement in primary @entity570 with a stem type @entity1688 ( @entity1688 ) were treated surgically. 283 of them got a cementless cup type Duraloc. In 311 (71.8 %) @entity1 the mean survival rate of the prosthesis could be determined at a mean follow-up of 15.5 years. 145 (33.5 %) @entity1 were followed up completely both clinically and radiologically. Radiographically, the stem position, changes of the periprosthetic bone of the stem and the cup, as well as the wear of the cups were examined. The cumulative survival rate of the @entity1688 stem after 15.5 years was 97.5 %, of the Duraloc cup 88.2 %. The clinical results of the hip scores according to Harris and Merle d'Aubign   were good and excellent and @entity1 satisfaction was very high. There was no relationship between stem position, stress shielding and surrounding lyses at the femur and the acetabulum and survival of stem or cup. There was no correlation between inlay wear and survival of the Duraloc cup. A subsiding of the stem in 2 cases had no effect on the clinical symptoms and quality of life. The press-fit implanted @entity1688 stem and the Duraloc cup revealed very good results during the investigation period. Like other implants, the survival rate is limited at the presented implant mainly by the cup.

title: [15-year results following implantation of a stem type XXXX hip prosthesis].

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['anatomic medullary locking', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity570 :: ('MESH:D015207', 'Disease') :: ['coxarthrosis']

answer: @entity1688 :: (MESH:D011782,Disease) :: ['AML']


abstract: PURPOSE: Obesity disproportionately burdens individuals with @entity1032 ( @entity1032 ), especially @entity1 . This observational study investigated whether there were sex differences in @entity353 and program participation among veterans with @entity1032 enrolled in the Veterans Health Administration's (VHA) MOVE! weight management program. PROCEDURES: @entity1 were identified from a national cohort of 148,254 veterans enrolled in MOVE! during fiscal years 2008 through 2012 who attended two or more sessions within 12  months of enrollment. The cohort included those with International Classification of Disease, 9th Edition, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnoses for @entity1032 , age less than 70 years, and weight data at baseline and one or more follow-up timepoints within approximately 1 year of enrollment (n  =  8,943 @entity1 ; n  =  2,245 @entity1 ). Linear mixed models assessed associations of sex with 6- and 12-month weight change from baseline, adjusting for demographic- and site-level variables. FINDINGS: Both sexes averaged 6.4 (standard deviation,  4.6) sessions within 12 months; however, @entity1 with and without @entity1032 participated at rates double their respective proportion rates among all VHA users. @entity1 averaged statistically significant @entity353 at 6 months ( @entity1 , -2.5 lb [95% CI,  -2.8 to -2.1]; @entity1 , -2.4 lb [95% CI,  -3.1 to -1.7]) and 12 months ( @entity1 , -2.5 lb [95% CI,  -2.8 to -2.2]; @entity1 , -2.9 lb [95% CI,  -3.6 to -2.2]), but no sex-based difference in absolute @entity353 at either timepoint. Slightly more @entity1 achieved 5% or greater (clinically significant) @entity353 at the 12-month follow-up than did @entity1 (25.7% vs. 23.0%; p  <  .05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity1032 participated in MOVE! at rates equivalent to or greater than @entity1 with @entity1032 , with comparable @entity353 . More @entity1 were Black, single, had @entity162 and @entity1005 , and higher serviced-connected disability, suggesting areas for program customization.

title: Sex Differences in Weight Loss among Veterans with Serious XXXX : Observational Study of a National Weight Management Program.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['serious mental illness', 'SMI']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder']

answer: @entity1032 :: (MESH:D008607,Disease) :: ['Mental Illness']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcomes of implantation of a Cionni modified capsular tension ring (CTR) and a posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC IOL) in @entity1 with traumatic @entity231 and loss of zonular support. SETTING: Eye Clinic II, Haydarpasa Numune Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, @entity233 . DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: Eyes with traumatic @entity231 and loss of zonular support had phacoemulsification with implantation of a foldable IOL and a 1- or 2-eyelet modified CTR. Preoperative features, preoperative and postoperative corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), intraoperative performance, IOL position, and complications were evaluated. RESULTS: The study enrolled 16 eyes (16 @entity1 ). The mean CDVA was 0.89 logMAR    0.41 (SD) preoperatively and 0.33    0.43 logMAR at the last postoperative examination (P=.001). Postoperatively, the mean spherical equivalent was -0.23 diopter (D) (range -1.50 to +1.00 D) and the  mean postoperative @entity940 , 1.59 D (range 0.50 to 4.00 D). Eight eyes (50.0%) had phacodonesis preoperatively; no eye had pseudophacodonesis postoperatively. Preoperatively, 10 eyes (62.5%) had symptomatic decentration. Two eyes (12.5%) had asymptomatic nonprogressive decentration in the early postoperative period; no eye had symptomatic decentration throughout the follow-up. Three eyes (18.8%) preoperatively and 1 eye (6.2%) postoperatively had vitreous in the anterior chamber. Four eyes (25.0%) required anterior vitrectomy. Other complications were symptomatic posterior capsule opacification in 8 eyes (50.0%) and transient @entity2790 in 2 eyes (12.5%). CONCLUSION: The use of a modified CTR preserved the capsular bag and resulted in good PC IOL centration with few significant complications in @entity1 with traumatic @entity231 and loss of zonular support. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE: No author has a financial or proprietary interest in any material or method mentioned.

title: Modified capsular tension ring implantation in eyes with traumatic XXXX and loss of zonular support.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity2790 :: ('MESH:D009798', 'Disease') :: ['increased intraocular pressure']

answer: @entity231 :: (MESH:D002386,Disease) :: ['cataract']


abstract: <AbstractText Label="INTRODUCTION" NlmCategory="BACKGROUND">Vascular-type Ehlers-Danlos sy @entity4243 domina @entity74 erial spurting, intestinal perforation, uterine rupture and hemo @entity397 horax due to decreased production of type III collagen. The average age at death is 48 years old, and it is considered to be the most severe form of Ehlers-Danlos sy @entity4243 case of a 64-year-old Japanese woman and her 38 @entity1 -old daughter who were diagnosed with this disease. CASE PRESENTATION: A 64-year-old Japanese woman was referr @entity1 our hospital because of right anterior chest pain follo @entity662 and pharyngeal discomfort. Pleurisy was suspected due to the presence of right pleural effusion @entity1143 y she was referred to our department, where a detailed examination led to the diagnosis of hemothorax. The bleeding that ca @entity548 right hemothorax was difficult to control, so our patient was tran @entity1 to the Department of Thoracic Surgery for hemostasis control. Our patient's person @entity1 ory of uterine hemorrhage and s @entity548 , as @entity4537 finding of skin fragility d @entity19012 were indicative of a weak connective tissue disease; therefore, after improvement of the hemothorax, a genetic analysis was performed. This revealed a heterozygous missense mutation in COL3A1, c.2411 G @entity1414 ly @entity29826 tailed investigation conducted at a later date revealed that her daughter also had the same genetic mutation. This led to the diagnosis of vascular-type Ehlers-Danlos sy @entity4243 y a new gene mutation. CONCLUSION: We report a new genetic mutation associated with vascular-type Ehlers-Danlos sy @entity4243 clinical and imaging findings, and the disease and treatment course in this patient. We beli @entity1 s information will be important in treating future cases of vascular-type Ehlers-Danlos sy @entity4243 h th @entity1 ion.

title: Vascular-type XXXX caused by a hitherto unknown genetic mutation: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity19012 :: ('MESH:C536183', 'Disease') :: ['skin fragility']

entities_list: @entity4243 :: ('MESH:D004535', 'Disease') :: ['Ehlers-Danlos syndrome']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal dominant disease']

entities_list: @entity4537 :: ('MESH:D012883', 'Disease') :: ['skin ulcers']

answer: @entity4243 :: (MESH:D004535,Disease) :: ['Ehlers-Danlos syndrome']


abstract: Purpose. To determine the functional and anatomic outcomes of @entity1713 ( @entity1713 ) surgery in @entity1 with Down syndrome. Methods. A retrospective chart review was performed of @entity1 with Down syndrome who had undergone surgery for @entity1713 at King Khalid Eye Specialist Hospital between 1995 and 2014. Results. A total of 245 @entity1 with Down syndrome were evaluated during the study period. Eighteen eyes of 15 @entity1 (6.1%) with @entity1713 were identified. Three out of 15 @entity1 (20%) presented with bilateral @entity1713 . All eyes presented with macula off @entity1713 . The retina was successfully reattached in 16/18 (88.8%) eyes after a mean follow-up of 48 months. The final postoperative visual acuity ranged from light perception to 20/125 (median: hand motion) (11/18 eyes). Conclusions. The anatomic success rate of retinal reattachment surgery in @entity1 with Down syndrome is comparable to the general population. @entity1 with Down syndrome should undergo regular ophthalmic examinations for early diagnosis. Despite late diagnosis and the presence of proliferative @entity1715 (PVR) in some @entity1 , favorable anatomical outcomes can be achieved.

title: XXXX in Down Syndrome: Characteristics and Surgical Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['RRD', 'rhegmatogenous retinal detachment', 'retinal detachment']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1715 :: ('MESH:D018630', 'Disease') :: ['vitreoretinopathy']

answer: @entity1713 :: (MESH:D012163,Disease) :: ['Retinal Detachment']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A biodegradable @entity2636 scaffold was designed to fulfill a challenging clinical need in the treatment of @entity1 with @entity158 , irreparable partial @entity154 . HYPOTHESIS: The use of an acellular @entity2636 scaffold for new tissue generation in irreparable, partial @entity154 provides both midterm @entity158 relief and improved functionality. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: A total of 44 @entity1 with irreparable, partial @entity154 (29 medial and 15 lateral) were implanted with a @entity2636 scaffold in a prospective, single-arm proof-of-principle study with a minimum 5-year follow-up. Clinical outcomes were measured with the visual analog scale (VAS) for @entity158 , International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC), and @entity3331 and @entity571 Outcome Score (KOOS) at baseline and at 2- and 5-year follow-up. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to evaluate the meniscal implant and cartilage status of the index compartment. Kaplan-Meier time-to-treatment failure distributions were also performed. Removal of the scaffold, conversion to a meniscal transplant, or unicompartmental/total knee arthroplasty was used as endpoints. RESULTS: Seven @entity1 were lost to follow-up (15.9%). The @entity1 who participated in this study showed significant clinical improvement after surgery (mean [  SD] at baseline, 2 years, and 5 years: 56.2    21.6, 24.6    22.7, and 19.3    26.9, respectively [VAS]; 206.5    79.7, 329.8    108.9, and 333.6    112.2, respectively [total KOOS]). MRI of the scaffolds showed a smaller sized implant when compared with the native meniscus with an irregular surface at 2- and 5-year follow-up. A stable cartilage status of the index compartment at 5-year follow-up was demonstrated in 46.7% of @entity1 compared with the baseline status. During the follow-up period, 62.2% of the implants survived. At final follow-up, 66.7% of the medial scaffolds were still functioning versus 53.8% of the lateral scaffolds. CONCLUSION: A @entity2636 meniscal implant can improve knee joint function and significantly reduce @entity158 in @entity1 with @entity1347 up to 5 years after implantation. A stable cartilage status of the index compartment at 5-year follow-up was demonstrated in 46.7% of @entity1 , calling into question the chondroprotective ability of the implant. In addition, a relatively high failure rate was noticed. Long-term and randomized controlled studies are mandatory to confirm the initial results and the reliability of this procedure.

title: Treatment of @entity158 , Irreparable Partial Meniscal Defects With a XXXX Scaffold: Midterm Clinical Outcomes and Survival Analysis.

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['meniscal defects']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['segmental meniscus deficiency']

entities_list: @entity3331 :: ('MESH:D007718', 'Disease') :: ['Knee injury']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity2636 :: ('MESH:D011140', 'Chemical') :: ['polyurethane']

answer: @entity2636 :: (MESH:D011140,Chemical) :: ['Polyurethane']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity4854 has been shown to augment @entity5 growth in vitro. However, the effects of persistent @entity4854 on survival, recurrence and @entity528 in @entity1 undergoing surgery for low grade @entity11 remain unknown. METHODS: All @entity1 who underwent a craniotomy for @entity11 (WHO grade II) from 1996 to 2006 at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed. Persistent @entity4854 was defined as serum @entity413 >180 microg/dl occurring three or more times between 1 and 3 months post-operatively. The independent association of outpatient @entity413 levels and recorded clinical and treatment variables with overall survival, @entity5 recurrence and @entity528 was assessed via separate multivariate proportional-hazards regression analyses. RESULTS: In this study, 182 @entity1 (89 @entity816 , 82 @entity3271 and 11 @entity11 ) were available for analysis. Eighteen (10%) @entity1 experienced persistent @entity4854 . @entity1 experiencing persistent @entity4854 were older (44 +/- 16 versus 34 +/- 15) and more frequently diabetic [3 (17%) versus 4 (2%)]. All other clinical and treatment variables were not significantly different between the two cohorts. After adjusting for inter-group differences including age and @entity6 and variables associated with survival and recurrence, persistent @entity4854 was independently associated with decreased survival (p=0.001), increased recurrence (p=0.0001) and increased @entity528 (p<0.0001). This remained true after excluding all @entity1 with @entity6 and those on continued @entity134 administration. Five-year overall survival, progression-free survival and malignancy-free survival for persistent @entity4854 versus relatively euglycemic cohorts were 43% versus 84%, 16% versus 46% and 46% versus 77%, respectively. DISCUSSION: These findings may provide useful insight for increasing survival, decreasing @entity5 recurrence and decreasing @entity528 in @entity1 undergoing surgery for low grade @entity11 .

title: Persistent outpatient @entity4854 is independently associated with survival, recurrence and @entity528 following surgery for hemispheric low grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['hemispheric low grade glioma', 'mixed gliomas', 'gliomas']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['fibrillary astrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia', 'Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['malignant degeneration']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendrogliomas']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['gliomas']


abstract: A follow-up study was made of repaired root fractures in 51 @entity1347 , with a mean observation period of 6 years. The material was subdivided into three repair types (Figs. 1-3): Type 1 - invisible or hardly discernible @entity174 line (15 teeth), Type 2 - fragments separated by a narrow radiolucent line and peripheral rounding of the @entity174 edges (33 teeth), and Type 3 - fragments separated by a distinct bony bridge (3 teeth). The majority of repaired teeth gave a normal or slightly decreased response to electric pulp tests and the mobility was physiologic or slightly increased. Reduced transparency or slight yellowish discoloration was observed in 14 teeth. The most conspicuous radiographic finding was pulp obliteration which occurred in 86%. Two different patterns were observed: (1) partial obliteration located in the apical fragments and the @entity174 area, and extending 0.5-4 mm into the coronal fragment, and (2) progressive obliteration of the entire pulp cavity ending with almost total obliteration. Pulp @entity39 did not develop as a sequel to progressive obliteration in any case. Several different characteristics of the @entity174 influenced the repair pattern, the most important being the degree of @entity1949 and mobility, stage of root development and localization of the @entity174 . Correlation between type of repair and various treatment procedures was observed only with regard to reduction.

title: Repair characteristics of root fractures in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['permanent anterior teeth']

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['fragment dislocation']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity1347 :: (MESH:C537775,Disease) :: ['permanent anterior teeth']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether an alteration of the lower limb @entity2270 is associated with meniscal extrusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ninety-four @entity1 who had complained of knee @entity158 with good knee function and had a knee magnetic resonance image (MRI) and a full-length X-ray taken of the lower limb were included in the study. Meniscal extrusion was measured in the coronal MRI. Subluxation of the meniscus was considered minor or physiological if  <= 3 mm, and major if >3 mm. The extrusion as a percentage of meniscus size was also calculated. Knee alignment (varus, negative value; valgus, positive value) was correlated with the presence of minor and major extrusion. RESULTS: There were varus knees in 61 cases (58.7%), with a mean measured deviation of -2.63  . Valgus knees were observed in 27 knees (26%) and had a mean deviation of 2.22  . The medial meniscus showed major extrusion in 18 cases (17.3%). It corresponded to 44.7% of the meniscus size. The lateral menisci showed no subluxation in most cases. There was no correlation between alignment and meniscal extrusion in this series, either for the medial meniscus (p = 0.760) or for the lateral meniscus (p = 0.381). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 complaining of knee @entity158 with good knee function, there is no relationship between mild @entity893 and the degree of meniscus extrusion.

title: There is no relation between mild XXXX and meniscal extrusion in trauma emergency @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['malalignment']

answer: @entity893 :: (MESH:D017760,Disease) :: ['malalignment']


abstract: Systemic vasopressor or inotropic therapy may exacerbate existing @entity120 ; the optimal agent and route of administration in this situation are unknown. The systemic and pulmonary hemodynamic effects of four sympathomimetic agents ( @entity935 , @entity1425 , @entity1063 , and @entity2647 ) during central venous and left atrial administration were investigated in the anesthetized @entity235 . All four drugs increased both @entity551 . @entity935 and @entity1425 increased cardiac output and reduced systemic vascular resistance. @entity2647 @entity998 and increased systemic vascular resistance and left atrial pressure. @entity1063 did not significantly affect cardiac output, systemic vascular resistance, or left atrial pressure. None of the four drugs affected pulmonary vascular resistance. The ratio of systemic to pulmonary vascular resistance decreased with @entity1425 and increased with @entity2647 . There were no hemodynamic differences related to the route of infusion for any of the four drugs. However, pulmonary arterial concentrations of the three drugs measured ( @entity935 , @entity1425 , and @entity1063 ) were markedly lower during left atrial compared to central venous drug administration; systemic drug concentrations were similar or increased during left atrial compared to central venous drug administration. It is concluded that the relative effects on the systemic and pulmonary circulations differ for the four drugs; rational choice of a vasopressor will depend upon the hemodynamic situation and the desired effect. Left atrial @entity2922 administration is effective in decreasing pulmonary arterial drug concentrations and may decrease adverse pulmonary effects in clinical practice.

title: Pulmonary and systemic hemodynamic effects of central venous and left atrial sympathomimetic drug administration in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity998 :: ('MESH:D002303', 'Disease') :: ['decreased cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine', 'Dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['systemic and pulmonary artery pressures']

entities_list: @entity2647 :: ('MESH:D010656', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylephrine', 'Phenylephrine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['Norepinephrine', 'norepinephrine']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dog']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether dilation of the fetal stomach is associated with increased perinatal complications in @entity1 with prenatally diagnosed @entity6675 . STUDY DESIGN: From 34 newborn @entity1 with @entity6675 who were delivered at our institution over a 10-year period, 2 groups were analyzed on the basis of the presence or absence of a dilated fetal stomach. Reactive versus nonreactive nonstress test results were recorded, when performed. Neonatal outcomes were compared. RESULTS: Twenty-one fetuses had no evidence of @entity6676 . Thirteen fetuses had a dilated fetal stomach that was identified by ultrasound scanning. Within this group there was a higher incidence of nonreactive nonstress tests (P=.01). @entity1 with a prenatally dilated stomach had a higher incidence of @entity204 , a significantly delayed time to full oral feeds, and a longer hospitalization than those @entity1 who did not have a prenatally dilated stomach (P <or=.05). CONCLUSION: Postnatal morbidity and mortality rates are increased in @entity1 with @entity6675 who have a prenatally dilated stomach. These fetuses, although not acidotic at delivery, also had a higher incidence of nonreactive nonstress test results.

title: A dilated fetal stomach predicts a complicated postnatal course in cases of prenatally diagnosed XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['infants', 'Infants']

entities_list: @entity6675 :: ('MESH:D020139', 'Disease') :: ['gastroschisis']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['volvulus and neonatal death']

entities_list: @entity6676 :: ('MESH:D013271', 'Disease') :: ['gastric dilation']

answer: @entity6675 :: (MESH:D020139,Disease) :: ['gastroschisis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to examine the effect of intratympanically applied @entity801 (GM) (30 mg/mL) on hearing and @entity392 in @entity1 with intractable @entity9303 . STUDY DESIGN: A prospective study was conducted on 93 subjects treated with intratympanically applied GM. The mean pure-tone average (PTA) at speech frequencies was measured before the treatment and after 2 weeks, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years after injections. Tinnitus was surveyed with a questionnaire. The mean duration of @entity9303 was 9.8 years (range, 1-33 years). @entity1 : The study group consisted of 28 @entity1 and 65 @entity1 . The mean age was 50.9 years (range, 19-74 years). RESULTS: The mean PTA at speech frequencies for the group worsened from 60 dB to 68 dB, which was statistically significant. Ten ears were deafened. The mean @entity392 handicap score before treatment was 2.92; 2 years after treatment, it was 2.26, indicating significant abatement of @entity392 during the course of the treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The authors found that the average frequency of deafening was 10% and it was dose dependent. GM caused alleviation of @entity392 in the majority of the @entity1 .

title: Effect of intratympanic @entity801 on hearing and @entity392 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity801 :: ('MESH:D005839', 'Chemical') :: ['gentamicin']

entities_list: @entity9303 :: ('MESH:D008575', 'Disease') :: ["Meniere's disease"]

entities_list: @entity392 :: ('MESH:D014012', 'Disease') :: ['tinnitus']

answer: @entity9303 :: (MESH:D008575,Disease) :: ['Meniere's disease']


abstract: @entity10400 is clinically defined as a specific and extreme inability to recognize familiar faces. However, doubts have been expressed concerning prosopagnosics' preserved ability to recognize unfamiliar faces and to make other within category discriminations. The present study pursues these doubts. If recognition of unfamiliar faces and objects is intact, then prosopagnosics should demonstrate normal processing for all tasks that depend on the possession of intact stored visual descriptions at the category level. In particular, they should show normal face and object superiority effects. A detailed investigation was carried out on a well documented prosopagnosic ( @entity573 ) and less extensively on three other (RB, @entity3798 and @entity571 ) well attested cases. Experiments 1 and 2 considered whether face and object superiority effects were observed in these @entity1 . No difference in the pattern of recognition performance was found between normal and unusual arrangements of faces and objects. Their pattern of performance differed both from unilateral brain-damaged @entity1 and normal controls. The results suggest both that these prosopagnosic @entity1 were impaired on the recognition of unfamiliar faces and that their problem is not specific to faces. Experiment 3 showed that @entity573 was impaired on a face/non-face decision task but appeared to benefit by the stimulus being presented in the normal orientation. For normal controls, mental rotation of a face appeared to be a separate process from face categorization. Experiment 4 found that @entity573 , @entity3798 and @entity571 were impaired, compared to normal controls, in their ability to recognize emotional expressions but not more than brain-damaged controls. The impairment of the prosopagnosics tested in the present study is placed at the interaction between stored object descriptions and the structural encoding stage of Bruce and Young. Consideration is given to an elaboration of the structural encoding stage in which boundary (category defining) information is separately processed from surface (detailed texture) information.

title: Recognition of unfamiliar faces in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity10400 :: ('MESH:D020238', 'Disease') :: ['Prosopagnosia']

answer: @entity10400 :: (MESH:D020238,Disease) :: ['prosopagnosia']


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective of the present study was to provide evidence for the hypothesis of fibroblasts and the desmoplastic reaction, respectively, to impact the formation and maturation of the vascular network in @entity1 @entity5 via a retrospective in situ study. An in vivo xenograft model was evaluated to verify its potential for fibroblast-related functional studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In situ: Fiftytwo G2/G3 @entity5 were histomorphologically categorised into low (<50%), medium (50-75%) and high (>75%) grade desmoplasia based on @entity1710 / @entity1711 and Elastica van Gieson stained paraffin sections. Low and high grade @entity5 were identified and stained for endothelial and pericyte markers to morphometrically analyse microvessel count (MVC), vascular surface area (VSA) and vascular maturation status. In vivo: One out of three established subcutaneous xenograft model in NMRI (nu/nu) @entity19 was adapted to monitor the impact of primary @entity1 fibroblasts on xenograft formation and morphology. RESULTS: Vascular structures in @entity1 @entity5 are predominantly located in the fibroblastic stromal regions. Highly @entity5 , however, have significantly lower MVC and VSA values at the invasion front with signs for @entity455 as compared with low grade @entity694 . Our in vivo approach verified that only high proportions of co-injected normal fibroblasts accelerate xenograft formation of HCT-116 @entity694 cells. CONCLUSIONS: The in situ data clearly support the hypothesis of fibroblasts to contribute to vascular maturation phenomena in @entity694 . The in vivo design of only 500 @entity5 cells co-injected with normal fibroblast is feasible, results in 100% engraftment and is the basis for further developments.

title: Fibroblastic reaction and vascular maturation in @entity1 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['augmented vascular maturation']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['colon tumours', 'desmoplastic tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['desmoplastic colon cancers', 'colon cancer', 'colon cancers']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['colon cancers']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the feasibility and value of simulating whole disease and treatment pathways within a single model to provide a common economic basis for informing resource allocation decisions. METHODS: A @entity1 -level simulation model was developed with the intention of being capable of evaluating multiple topics within National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence's @entity14 clinical guideline. The model simulates disease and treatment pathways from preclinical disease through to detection, diagnosis, adjuvant/neoadjuvant treatments, follow-up, curative/palliative treatments for @entity3 , supportive care, and eventual @entity204 . The model parameters were informed by meta-analyses, randomized trials, observational studies, health utility studies, audit data, costing sources, and expert opinion. Unobservable natural history parameters were calibrated against external data using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. Economic analysis was undertaken using conventional cost-utility decision rules within each guideline topic and constrained maximization rules across multiple topics. RESULTS: Under usual processes for guideline development, piecewise economic modeling would have been used to evaluate between one and three topics. The @entity66 Model was capable of evaluating 11 of 15 guideline topics, ranging from alternative diagnostic technologies through to treatments for @entity3 . The constrained maximization analysis identified a configuration of colorectal services that is expected to maximize quality-adjusted life-year gains without exceeding current expenditure levels. CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that @entity66 Model development is feasible and can allow for the economic analysis of most interventions across a disease service within a consistent conceptual and mathematical infrastructure. This disease-level modeling approach may be of particular value in providing an economic basis to support other clinical guidelines.

title: Using whole disease modeling to inform resource allocation decisions: economic evaluation of a clinical guideline for XXXX using a single model.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['Whole Disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in @entity34537 gene with @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ) in a Chinese population. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study and a total of 738 @entity1252 @entity1 and 827 healthy controls were finally recruited. @entity34537 @entity34538 and @entity34539 polymorphisms were specified from genomic DNA using TaqMan genotyping assay on Fluidigm 192.24 system. RESULTS: Allele contrast showed the minor allele C was associated with decreased risk for @entity1252 when compared with the A allele (OR = 0.851, 95% CI = 0.737-0.983, p = 0.028). Significant difference was observed in genotype distribution of @entity34538 polymorphism between @entity1988 ( @entity1988 ) @entity1 and non- @entity1988 @entity1 (  (2) = 8.18, p = 0.017). Furthermore, we also found a decreased frequency of the minor allele C in @entity1988 @entity1 (29.2%) than in non- @entity1988 @entity1 (37.7%) (  (2) = 8.67, p = 0.003). Moreover, a significant difference was also detected under a dominant model with regard to the distribution of genotype frequencies between @entity1988 @entity1 and non- @entity1988 @entity1 (CC + AC vs. AA: OR = 0.632, 95% CI = 0.451-0.884, p = 0.007). Clinical features analysis showed a significant difference in the distribution of genotypic frequencies between @entity1 with @entity1910 and @entity1 without this feature (  (2) = 6.63, p = 0.036). Unfortunately, we failed to find any significant results between @entity34537 gene @entity34539 and @entity1252 susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS: Our observations suggested that @entity34537 gene polymorphism @entity34538 might contribute to @entity1252 susceptibility in Chinese Han Population. Likewise, the @entity34538 SNP was also associated with the clinical features @entity1988 and @entity1910 in @entity1252 @entity1 .

title: Genetic Polymorphism ( @entity34538 ) in the XXXX Gene as Possible Predisposal Factor for @entity1252 in a Chinese Population.

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['malar rash']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1988 :: ('MESH:D008181', 'Disease') :: ['lupus nephritis', 'LN']

answer: @entity34537 :: (57162,Gene) :: ['Pellino-1']


abstract: The obstruction caused by @entity340 may be responsible for profound dysfunction of the entire proximal urinary tract. The pathophysiologic relations between the valves and function of the ureterovesical junction and upper urinary tract are key in determining the need for upper tract surgery. In most cases, function of the ureters and ureterovesical junction is directly related to high intravesical pressure and will normalize when pressures drop after valve destruction. However, upper tract function remains abnormal in some cases and leads to complications that necessitate early ureteral and upper tract surgical intervention. The second crucial relation in the management of @entity1 with @entity340 is that between @entity8 and @entity5450 . The surgeon is compelled to maximize the potential for renal function. The relation between @entity8 , @entity3551 , and @entity5450 complicates the management of @entity1 with @entity340 and challenges us to develop new methods to measure potential renal function. @entity1 born with @entity340 are treated initially with @entity1494 , which is undertaken by placement of a urethral catheter at the time diagnosis is made with the voiding cystogram. During this initial period of evaluation and stabilization, the @entity1 's medical status is optimized, giving the surgeon information concerning renal function and prognosis to allow the most efficient surgical management. In almost all cases, @entity340 are destroyed primarily, most often by transurethral fulguration. This usually leads to rapid improvement of bladder, upper tract, and renal function. When primary fulguration is not advisable, drainage through a vesicostomy is a useful alternative. Utilizing either method, low-pressure @entity1494 is a primary goal in the initial management of @entity1 in most centers. As with many problems in surgery, our ability to accurately identify @entity1 who would benefit from surgery is more limited than our surgical effectiveness. Voiding cystograms allow us to diagnose reflux and to follow bladder emptying and function. Serial ultrasound scans, nuclear medicine scans, and pressure-perfusion studies give us insight into upper urinary tract function. Too often, however, limitations of the @entity1 's condition and size and the severe degree of @entity5450 make the results difficult to interpret. Although diagnostic tests are invaluable in making decisions about upper tract surgery in @entity1 with @entity340 , these decisions are most often based on the classic clinical urologic problems of urinary extravasation, obstruction, @entity281 , reflux, and @entity2629 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: Early ureteral surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3551 :: ('MESH:C536483', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive uropathy']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysplasia', 'renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1494 :: ('MESH:D001745', 'Disease') :: ['bladder drainage']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urinary tract obstruction', 'urinary tract abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['posterior urethral valves']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['posterior urethral valves']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) have few options for treatment. The efficacy and safety of the phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor @entity21041 have been investigated in studies of @entity1 with moderate-to-severe @entity1030 , but not in those concomitantly treated with longacting inhaled bronchodilators. The effect of @entity21041 on lung function in @entity1 with @entity1030 that is moderate to severe who are already being treated with @entity10453 or @entity5489 was investigated. METHODS: In two double-blind, multicentre studies done in an outpatient setting, after a 4-week run-in, @entity1 older than 40 years with moderate-to-severe @entity1030 were randomly assigned to oral @entity21041 500 microg or placebo once a day for 24 weeks, in addition to @entity10453 (M2-127 study) or @entity5489 (M2-128 study). The primary endpoint was change in prebronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)). Analysis was by intention to treat. The studies are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00313209 for M2-127, and NCT00424268 for M2-128. FINDINGS: In the @entity10453 plus @entity21041 trial, 466 @entity1 were assigned to and treated with @entity21041 and 467 with placebo; in the @entity5489 plus @entity21041 trial, 371 @entity1 were assigned to and treated with @entity21041 and 372 with placebo. Compared with placebo, @entity21041 consistently improved mean prebronchodilator FEV(1) by 49 mL (p<0.0001) in @entity1 treated with @entity10453 , and 80 mL (p<0.0001) in those treated with @entity5489 . Similar improvement in postbronchodilator FEV(1) was noted in both groups. Furthermore, @entity21041 had beneficial effects on other lung function measurements and on selected @entity1 -reported outcomes in both groups. @entity390 , @entity294 , @entity353 , and, to a lesser extent, @entity10 were more frequent in @entity1 in the @entity21041 groups. These adverse events were associated with increased @entity1 withdrawal. INTERPRETATION: @entity21041 improves lung function in @entity1 with @entity1030 treated with @entity10453 or @entity5489 , and could become an important treatment for these @entity1 . FUNDING: Nycomed.

title: @entity21041 in moderate-to-severe XXXX treated with longacting bronchodilators: two randomised clinical trials.

entities_list: @entity5489 :: ('MESH:C079890', 'Chemical') :: ['tiotropium']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity21041 :: ('MESH:C424423', 'Chemical') :: ['Roflumilast', 'roflumilast']

entities_list: @entity10453 :: ('MESH:C057823', 'Chemical') :: ['salmeterol']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity1030 :: (MESH:D029424,Disease) :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']


abstract: The common @entity5 originating in the jugular foramen are @entity3506 and @entity808 . @entity1653 is extremely rare. Review of the literature revealed only seven reported cases of this @entity5 . The authors present a @entity1 case of @entity1653 with intra and extracranial extension. A 9-year-old @entity1 was admitted to the Department of Neurosurgery, Hiroshima University School of Medicine on March 20, 1985. Since the age of 3, the @entity1 had hoarseness and was found to tilt his neck when he shouted. Since the age of 6, he was found to nod when he swallowed. At the age of 8, he developed swallowing difficulties. On admission, his general condition was unremarkable except for his lean build (126 cm in height and 23 kg in weight). An elastic hard and immobile mass was palpable in the left upper neck deep in the @entity3202 muscle. Neurological examination revealed involvement of the ninth, tenth, eleventh, and twelfth cranial nerves. A plain skull roentgenogram and laminogram revealed @entity4916 around the left jugular foramen, and narrowing of the canal. CT with contrast enhancement revealed a high density mass in the left cerebellopontine angle extending through the jugular foramen to the left parapharyngeal space. Cerebral angiography did not show any abnormal findings except for complete blockage of the left sigmoid sinus. On April 4, 1985, subtotal removal of the @entity5 was performed using suboccipital craniotomy. Then, on July 3, 1985, the left parapharyngeal @entity5 was excised through a cervicofacial incision. Finally the @entity41 in the jugular foramen was excised using suboccipital approach on August 18, 1986.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [A case of XXXX in a @entity1 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity4916 :: ('MESH:D015576', 'Disease') :: ['hyperostosis']

entities_list: @entity3506 :: ('MESH:D010236', 'Disease') :: ['chemodectoma']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intracranial tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3202 :: ('MESH:D016109', 'Disease') :: ['atrophic sternocleidomastoid']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['Jugular foramen meningioma', 'jugular foramen meningioma']

answer: @entity1653 :: (MESH:D008579,Disease) :: ['jugular foramen meningioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have demonstrated the key role of the complement alternative pathway (cAP) in the pathophysiology of experimental @entity19417 ( @entity19417 ). However, in @entity1 @entity19417 the role of cAP has not been extensively explored. In the present work, we analysed circulating serum C3 levels measured at @entity19417 onset and their relation to outcomes. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational cohort study including 45 consecutive @entity1 with @entity19417 diagnosed between 2000 and 2014 with serum C3 measurement at diagnosis, before immunosuppressive treatment initiation. Two groups were defined according to the median serum C3 level value: the low C3 group ( @entity36349 mg/dL) and the high C3 level group (C3>= 120 mg/dL). @entity1 and renal survivals, association between C3 level and renal pathology were analysed. RESULTS: Serum @entity4417 concentration remained in the normal range [78-184 mg/dL]. Compared with the high C3 level, the @entity1 in the low C3 level group had lower complement C4 concentrations (P = 0.008) and lower @entity470 (P = 0.002) at diagnosis. The low C3 level group had poorer @entity1 and death-censored renal survivals, compared with the high C3 level group (P = 0.047 and P = 0.001, respectively). We observed a significant negative correlation between C3 levels and the percentage of glomeruli affected by cellular crescent (P = 0.017, r = -0.407). According to the Berden et al renal histologic classification, @entity1 in the crescentic/mixed category had low C3 levels more frequently (P<0.01). Interestingly, we observed that when @entity1 with the crescentic/mixed histologic form were analysed according to C3 level, long term renal survival was significantly greater in the high C3 level group than in the low C3 level group (100% vs 40.7% at 6 years, p = 0.046). No relationship between serum C4 and renal outcome was observed. CONCLUSION: A Low C3 serum level in @entity19417 @entity1 at diagnosis is associated with worse long-term @entity1 and renal survival.

title: Low Serum @entity4417 Levels at Diagnosis of XXXX Is Associated with Poor Prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity19417 :: ('MESH:D056648', 'Disease') :: ['AAV', 'ANCA-associated vasculitis']

answer: @entity19417 :: (MESH:D056648,Disease) :: ['Renal ANCA-Associated Vasculitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features associated with invasive low-grade @entity1377 (LGPUC), an uncommon entity not previously described in published studies. METHODS: A multicenter effort originally identified 36 cases diagnosed as invasive LGPUC by urologic pathology subspecialists; after re-review, 23 cases were included. RESULTS: The average @entity1 age was 69 years (range 46-82); 20 @entity1 were @entity1 and 3 were @entity1 . Stage pT1 disease was present in 19 (83%) of 23 and pT2 disease in 4 @entity1 . Of the 23 cases, 13 (57%) showed a single focus of invasion and 10 multiple foci. The invasive front showed rounded, variably sized nests in 17 cases (74%) and irregular nests with retraction artifact in 6. Additional findings in the noninvasive component included inverted growth in 23, apoptotic debris in 5, focal brisk mitotic activity in 4, dispersed chromatin in individual cells in 4, and a single atypical cell in 2. Immunohistochemical stains showed focal @entity876 nuclear stain in 23, patchy full-thickness @entity2225 stain in 20, full-thickness @entity1759 expression in 17, and retention of @entity5962 in 23 cases. Clinical follow-up was available for all @entity1 . The subsequent diagnosis included @entity1185 in 1 @entity1 (4%), LGPUC in 5 (22%), and high-grade @entity1377 in 8 (35%) of the 23 @entity1 , with 5 demonstrating invasion. Of the latter @entity1 , 2 developed @entity3 . CONCLUSION: Given the risk of progressive disease in these @entity1 , especially the limited stage pT1 disease in most @entity1 , additional studies investigating the molecular properties and outcomes associated with this uncommon lesion are warranted.

title: Clinicopathologic characteristics of 23 cases of invasive low-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1377 :: ('MESH:D002291', 'Disease') :: ['papillary urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1185 :: ('MESH:D010212', 'Disease') :: ['papilloma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1377 :: (MESH:D002291,Disease) :: ['papillary urothelial carcinoma']