abstract: Neural differentiation of @entity19 embryonic stem cells in combination with three-dimensional electrospun nanofibers as an artificial extracellular matrix can be utilized to reconstruct a spinal cord defect. In this study, random and parallel-aligned nanofibrous @entity4351 was fabricated using electrospinning. Its hydrophobicity was modified by @entity3612 plasma treatment to facilitate enhanced cell attachment. Embryoid bodies (EBs), which contain all three embryonic germ layers, were cultured on @entity4351 scaffolds to study the effect of fiber orientation on cell morphology and differentiation. Cell morphology and neuron-specific gene and protein expressions were, respectively, evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunocytochemistry. Although two types of nanofibrous scaffolds showed neural marker expression at the protein level, cells on randomly oriented scaffolds showed short-range topographical guidance and stretched across multiple directions, whereas cells on the parallel scaffolds exhibited long extension with enhanced neuron outgrowth along the fiber, producing oriented extracellular matrix, leading to direct cell migration and nerve regeneration. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that both aligned and random electrospun nanofibers downregulated the precursor neural marker Nestin compared with that in the control group, a gelatin-coated tissue culture plate (T). Analysis also showed higher expression of dorso-ventral neural markers ( @entity19188 and @entity19189 ) than motor neuron progenitor markers ( @entity7003 , @entity19190 , and @entity18900 ) in aligned nanofibers than in the T group. Moreover, aligned nanofibers showed higher expression of mature neural specific markers such as b-tub and @entity7001 than those in the randomly oriented scaffolds. Therefore, we conclude that nanofibers with different orientations can support the neural lineage, but aligned nanofibrous scaffolds are superior candidates to promote the advancement of neural precursors to achieve maturity during the differentiation process.

title: Influence of oriented nanofibrous PCL scaffolds on quantitative gene expression during neural differentiation of XXXX embryonic stem cells.

entities_list: @entity4351 :: ('CHEBI:60736', 'Chemical') :: ['poly   -caprolactone']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: The growth factor @entity69 ( @entity8282 ) enhanced natural killer (NK) cell @entity137 . This enhancement was due to direct effects on NK cell function, and @entity8282 treatment of the K562 target cell had no effect on their sensitivity. NK cells were highly enriched in the low-density large granular lymphocyte population (LGL) by Percoll gradient centrifugation. Despite the direct effect of @entity8282 on NK cells, the number of cells expressing receptors for @entity8282 ( @entity8282 ) in NK-enriched LGL was the same as the NK-cell-depleted high-density small lymphocyte population (SL). All populations, tested without stimulation, had very few @entity8282 + cells. @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) could induce very high NK-like activity in the LGL but not in SL. Similarly, only LGL could be induced by @entity1199 to express @entity8282 . In serum-free cultures, only limited NK-like activity could be developed which was greatly enhanced by supplementing with @entity8282 in the cultures. The importance of @entity8282 in NK-like development was confirmed by modulating the expression of @entity8282 in @entity1199 containing cultures with mouse monoclonal antibody OKT9 specific for @entity8282 . OKT9 totally abrogated the induction of cytotoxic activity by @entity1199 against K562 and NK-resistant target. OKT9 inhibited the induction of @entity137 in both lymphocytes containing active NK cells and in those predepleted of active NK cells, indicating that the development of NK-like activity from both precursor populations requires @entity8282 . The inhibition by OKT9 was only during the induction phase. The same antibody had no effect on the @entity137 of fresh NK cells or the mature @entity1199 -induced NK-like cells. Our data therefore do not support the hypothesis of @entity8282 as the NK recognition structure. Instead, these results indicate that @entity8282 is important for the development of NK and NK-like activities.

title: The role of XXXX in natural killer cell and @entity1199 -induced cytotoxic cell function.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

answer: @entity69 :: (7018,Gene) :: ['transferrin']


abstract: PURPOSE: A descriptive retrospective study was performed using two separate user cohorts to determine the effectiveness of Family HealthLink as a clinical triage tool. METHODS: Cohort 1 consisted of 2,502 users who accessed the public website. Cohort 2 consisted of 194 new @entity1 in a Comprehensive Breast Center setting. For @entity1 users, we assessed documentation of family history and genetics referral. For all users seen in a genetics clinic, the Family HealthLink assessment was compared with that performed by genetic counselors and genetic testing outcomes. RESULTS: For general public users, the percentage meeting high-risk criteria were: for @entity5 only, 22.2%; for @entity301 only, 24.3%; and for both diseases, 10.4%. These risk stratification percentages were similar for the @entity1 users. For the @entity1 users, there often was documentation of family history of certain @entity5 types by oncology professionals, but age of onset and @entity301 family history were less complete. Of 142 with high-risk assignments seen in a genetics clinic, 130 (91.5%) of these assignments were corroborated. Forty-two underwent genetic testing and 17 (40.5%) had new molecular diagnoses established. CONCLUSION: A significant percentage of individuals are at high familial risk and may require more intensive screening and referral. Interactive family history triage tools can aid this process.Genet @entity15569 6, 493-500.

title: Clinically relevant lessons from Family HealthLink: a XXXX and @entity301 familial risk assessment tool.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Viral pathogens have been associated with both @entity166 and @entity5 in transplant recipients. Polyomavirus is emerging as a potential causative agent for genitourinary tract @entity5 in post-kidney transplant @entity1 . @entity1082 ) has a proven role in @entity5 , but has not been studied in genitourinary @entity5 in transplantation. Of 2345 kidney transplants performed at our center over the past 20 years, we identified 16 @entity1 with 20 @entity5464 (0.7%), including 13 @entity150 , 5 @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ), and 2 prostate carcinomas. We performed immunohistochemical staining for polyomavirus large T antigen and @entity986 , followed by in situ hybridization for HPV in @entity986 + cases. Four cases of high-grade invasive @entity150 were positive for large T. Large T+ @entity189 developed at least 8 years posttransplant in young @entity1 , 3 with history of BK polyoma @entity646 , 2 of whom had native @entity177 due to reflux/obstruction. In situ hybridization for high-risk HPV was negative in all tested cases. Overall, 3 @entity1 died of @entity189 . All 5 @entity1358 were negative for both large T and @entity986 ; 2 @entity263 were @entity986 negative and @entity986 +/HPV negative, respectively. Thus, our study shows a relatively high prevalence of large T antigen in @entity189 in kidney transplant @entity1 (31%), but not in @entity1358 . Although sample size is small, young @entity1 with @entity3885 may be at particular risk for developing large T-positive @entity189 . Overall, our data further support the necessities of long-term @entity5 surveillance for renal transplant @entity1 .

title: Polyomavirus large T antigen is prevalent in XXXX post-kidney transplant.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancers']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies', 'cancer', 'squamous cancers', 'neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity5464 :: ('MESH:D014565', 'Disease') :: ['genitourinary cancers']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['urothelial carcinomas', 'carcinoma', 'urothelial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['kidney failure']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas', 'RCCs', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity150 :: ('MESH:D001749', 'Disease') :: ['bladder/ureter carcinomas', 'urothelial bladder carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['Human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

answer: @entity189 :: (MESH:D002277,Disease) :: ['urothelial carcinoma']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity10751 ( @entity10751 ) is a @entity4148 (type III). The disease is caused by a point mutation in the @entity15083 gene that affects the splicing of the elongator-1 protein ( @entity15083 ) (also known as @entity15083 ). @entity1 have dramatic blood pressure instability due to baroreflex failure, @entity740 , and impaired swallowing leading to recurrent @entity1174 , which results in @entity1030 . Diminished @entity158 and temperature perception result in @entity130 . Impaired proprioception leads to @entity11583 . @entity1781 and corneal opacities lead to progressive @entity227 . AREAS COVERED: This article reviews current therapeutic strategies for the symptomatic treatment of @entity10751 , as well as the potential of new gene-modifying agents. EXPERT OPINION: Therapeutic focus on @entity10751 is centered on reducing the @entity2922 surges caused by baroreflex failure. Managing @entity1282 with effective protection of the airway passages and prompt treatment of @entity1174 is necessary to prevent @entity1576 . Sedative medications should be used cautiously due to the risk of @entity1576 . Non-invasive ventilation during sleep effectively manages @entity386 and prevents @entity2944 . Clinical trials of compounds that increase levels of @entity15083 ( @entity15083 ) are underway and will determine whether they can reverse or slow disease progression.

title: Current treatments in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity10751 :: ('MESH:D004402', 'Disease') :: ['FD', 'Familial dysautonomia']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonias', 'aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['Optic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['rare hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure', 'respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung disease']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic dysphagia']

entities_list: @entity11583 :: ('MESH:D020234', 'Disease') :: ['gait ataxia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathic joints and thermal injuries']

answer: @entity10751 :: (MESH:D004402,Disease) :: ['familial dysautonomia']


abstract: @entity5 stem cells (CSCs) are believed to be resistant to currently available therapies and may be responsible for relapse of @entity5 in @entity1 . Measuring circulating @entity5 cells (CTCs) in the blood of @entity1 has emerged as a non-invasive diagnostic procedure for screening @entity1 who may be at high risk for developing metastatic @entity5 or relapse of the @entity5 . However, accurate detection of CTCs has remained a problem, as epithelial-cell markers used to date are not always reliable for detecting CTCs, especially during epithelial-mesenchymal transition. As CSCs are required to initiate @entity3 , our goal was to optimize and standardize a method for identifying circulating CSCs (CCSCs) in @entity1 , using established CSC markers. Here, we report for the first time the detection of CCSCs in the blood of athymic @entity19 , bearing @entity3 , and in the blood of @entity1 positive for @entity694 . Using a simple and non-expensive method, we isolated a relatively pure population of CSCs ( @entity1195 -/CK19+), free of red blood cells and largely free of contaminating @entity1195 + white blood cells. Enriched CCSCs from @entity1 with @entity694 had a malignant phenotype and co-expressed CSC markers ( @entity15738 / @entity15739 ) with @entity1759 / @entity10784 . CSCs were not found in the blood of non- @entity5 @entity1 , free of colonic growths. Enriched CCSCs from @entity694 @entity1 grew primary spheroids, suggesting the presence of @entity5 -initiating cells in the blood of these @entity1 . In conclusion, we have developed a novel diagnostic assay for detecting CSCs in circulation, which may more accurately predict the risk of relapse or @entity3 in @entity1 . As CSCs can potentially initiate metastatic growths, @entity1 positive for CCSCs can be treated with inhibitory agents that selectively target CSCs, besides conventional treatments, to reduce the risk of relapse/ @entity3 for improving clinical outcomes.

title: Methods for detecting circulating XXXX stem cells (CCSCs) as a novel approach for diagnosis of @entity694 relapse/ @entity3 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer disease', 'cancers', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic tumors', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon adenocarcinomas', 'colonic adenocarcinomas', 'colon cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: Most previous cases of unilateral terminal transverse defects of the hand have not been familial. Several previously reported cases of apparent autosomal dominant inheritance of such defects have subsequently been reclassified as type B brachydactyly. We report a pair of adult twin @entity1 with unilateral terminal transverse defects affecting the left hand in one @entity1 and the right hand in the other @entity1 . The latter @entity1 has one daughter with a unilateral terminal transverse defect affecting the left hand. The hand anomaly is characterized by absence of the terminal portions of digits 2 to 5 with a @entity6276 ( @entity6277 ). Tiny nail remnants are evident on the remaining digital stumps, and no soft tissue syndactyly is apparent. At 2 years of age, the daughter has hypoplastic first, fourth, and fifth metacarpals with no ossification of the second or third metacarpals or any of the phalanges. The affected mother has hypoplastic metacarpals for digits 2 to 4 and a vestigial fifth proximal phalanx on the affected hand, with no other phalanges evident by roentgenogram other than those of the thumb. The mother's twin sister has similar findings, except the ossified phalangeal remnant is on her second and third fingers rather than her fifth finger. Doppler flow arterial patterns appeared normal in each hand of affected family members. The other hand and both feet are clinically and radiologically normal in each case, and the family history is negative for any other individuals with @entity4218 . A review of the literature suggests that this family may very well be unique.

title: Dominantly inherited unilateral terminal transverse defects of the hand ( XXXX ) in twin sisters and one daughter.

entities_list: @entity6276 :: ('MESH:C536903', 'Disease') :: ['mildly hypoplastic thumb']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['limb anomalies']

entities_list: @entity6277 :: ('MESH:C562417', 'Disease') :: ['adactylia']

answer: @entity6277 :: (MESH:C562417,Disease) :: ['adactylia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Increasing attention has been given to neuro-developmental problems of very low birth weight @entity1 (VLBWIs) at school age. However, it remains unknown whether their neuro-cognitive function and @entity146 symptoms are mutually associated. AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of neuro-cognitive functions in VLBWIs and their relationship with @entity146 symptoms. METHODS: A total of 160 VLBWIs who were born at our institute between 2001 and 2005 were recruited consecutively and followed up until nine years of age. The developmental profiles were obtained from 77 @entity1 (45 males and 32 females) at six to nine years of age using the @entity71 ( @entity71 ), @entity2438 Screening Questionnaire-Japanese version (ASQ-J) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for @entity1 -Third edition (WISC-III). RESULTS: The full-scale intelligence quotient did not significantly differ between the male and female VLBWIs (median: 91 vs. 99, p=0.17). The males had higher total scores (median: 13 vs. 4, p<0.01) and higher scores on the subscales of Inattention (8 vs. 2, p<0.01) and @entity2915 (5 vs. 1, p<0.01) of the @entity71 compared with the females. The Verbal Comprehension Index (VCI) of the WISC-III was inversely correlated with the total scores of the ASQ-J for all VLBWIs (n=77, rc: -0.32, 95% CI: -0.19 to -0.01, p=0.04). We also observed that the Freedom from Distractibility Index (FDI) of the WISC-III was significantly correlated with the Inattentive scores of the @entity71 (n=45, rc: -0.18, 95% CI: -0.35 to -0.02, p=0.03) in male, but not female VLBWIs. CONCLUSIONS: We herein report that the VCI and FDI of the WISC-III were correlated with the @entity72 and attention @entity71 symptoms, respectively, in male VLBWIs.

title: Longitudinal study of very low birth weight @entity1 until 9years of age; attention deficit XXXX and @entity2438 features are correlated with their cognitive functions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD Rating Scale-Fourth edition', 'ADHD-RS', 'deficit hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperactivity-Impulsivity']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['autism spectrum disorder']

answer: @entity2915 :: (MESH:D006948,Disease) :: ['hyperactivity']


abstract: PURPOSE: To describe a case series of @entity1 with @entity16801 by medial canthal @entity1491 ( @entity1491 ) managed with non-exenterating surgery. DESIGN: International, multicenter, retrospective, noncomparative, consecutive case series. @entity1 : Twenty @entity1 identified from the individual institutions' databases with histologically confirmed orbital invasion by periocular @entity1491 . METHODS: Examination of charts, relevant imaging, and histopathologic data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Demographics; clinical characteristics and radiologic features; histopathologic features; surgical techniques for excision, reconstruction, and subsequent procedures; complications; visual acuity; and recurrence. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 were identified. Twelve of 20 @entity1 (60%) had recurrent BCCs, with 1 @entity1 having had prior radiotherapy for previously incomplete excision. Eighteen of 20 @entity1 (90%) had a palpable mass, 16 of 20 @entity1 (80%) had clinical involvement of the nasolacrimal system, and 1 of 20 @entity1 (5%) had limited extraocular movements. Preoperative radiologic evidence of orbital invasion was found in 10 of 20 @entity1 (50%). Histologic evidence of orbital invasion was present in every @entity1 , the subtypes being infiltrative (9/20, 45%), nodular (4/20, 20%), micronodular (2/20, 10%), multifocal (1/20, 5%), and mixed (4/20, 20%); extratumoral perineural invasion was present in 1 @entity1 (5%). Final margins were clear in 18 of 20 @entity1 (90%), positive in 1 of 20 @entity1 (5%), and unclear in 1 of 20 @entity1 (5%). Reconstruction was by direct closure in 1 @entity1 and by a variety of standard oculoplastic flaps and grafts in 19 of 20 @entity1 (95%). Twelve of 20 @entity1 (60%) had postoperative extraocular muscle movement restriction, and 15 of 20 @entity1 (75%) had @entity9467 . Subsequent revision procedures were needed in 12 of 20 @entity1 (60%), including insertion of a lacrimal bypass tube and revision of medial canthal position. At a mean follow-up of 38 months, 18 of 20 @entity1 (90%) were still alive (2 deaths due to other causes) with 1 recurrence (exenterated). Postoperative visual acuity was within 2 Snellen lines of preoperative visual acuity in 17 of 20 @entity1 (85%). CONCLUSIONS: With careful planning and margin control, conservative surgery in this highly selected group proved possible with a low rate of disease recurrence, albeit with a relatively short follow-up. @entity260 , such as @entity9467 and @entity4610 , were largely expected; most @entity1 underwent subsequent revision procedures to address these and other complications. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article.

title: Globe-sparing surgery for medial canthal @entity1491 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity16801 :: ('MESH:D009918', 'Disease') :: ['anterior orbital invasion']

entities_list: @entity1491 :: ('MESH:D002280', 'Disease') :: ['basal cell carcinoma', 'BCC']

answer: @entity16801 :: (MESH:D009918,Disease) :: ['anterior orbital invasion']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: This study illustrates the optimization of low-volume dispensing on a liquid handling system (LHS) to overcome the precipitation of compounds in the @entity1 @entity137 assay with low @entity3733 ( @entity3733 ) tolerance. All compounds at AstraZeneca Bangalore are tested in the @entity1 @entity137 assay. In order to maintain the @entity3733 levels, serially diluted plates were prepared in @entity3733 /water. It was observed that some of the compounds precipitated. The IC50 data for such compounds were therefore erratic. To circumvent the problem of compound precipitation, the LHS was optimized to dispense low volumes (<1   L). The plates were serially diluted using neat @entity3733 . Since the dilution was done using neat @entity3733 , there were no issues with precipitation. The serially diluted sample (0.5   L) from the plate was stamped onto the assay plate to give the desired @entity3733 concentration. No significant differences in IC50 data were observed for 1   L dispenses made from @entity3733 /water and 0.5   L dispenses from neat @entity3733 for the samples with no precipitation issues. These data therefore gave us the confidence to switch over to 0.5   L dispenses for the @entity137 assay to address the precipitation issue. However, precipitation of samples in the assay buffer is beyond the scope of this discussion.

title: Optimization of Compound Plate Preparation to Address Precipitation Issue in XXXX A549 Cytotoxicity Assay.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethyl sulfoxide', 'DMSO']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Mammalian']


abstract: Of 120 @entity1 treated definitively at University of Texas System @entity5 Center, M. D. Anderson Hospital for @entity3905 , 67 had their @entity5 recur. These @entity1 were analyzed for recurrence pattern and response of recurrence to treatment. The most frequent sites of recurrence were the lung and abdomen, accounting for 66% of all first-site recurrences and 80% of all first-site distant @entity3 . Locoregional recurrences were much less frequent, accounting for 18% of recurrences. There was no apparent change in recurrence pattern with the addition of adjuvant chemotherapy. The effect of adjuvant radiation could not be assessed, because 95% of @entity1 treated surgically received adjunctive radiation. The survival after treatment of recurrence was shortest for @entity1 with bone, brain, or liver @entity3 (median, 4 months). There were four long-term survivors (more than 36 months). @entity1 with resectable recurrences had the highest response rates. Response to chemotherapy alone was uniformly poor (6% response rate).

title: Patterns of recurrence in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity3905 :: ('MESH:D018198', 'Disease') :: ['malignant mixed m  llerian tumor of the uterus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity3905 :: (MESH:D018198,Disease) :: ['malignant mixed m  llerian tumor of the uterus']


abstract: Assessing behavioral responses to nociception is difficult in severely brain-injured @entity1 recovering from @entity772 . We here propose a new scale developed for assessing nociception in vegetative (VS) and @entity47 ( @entity47 ) @entity772 survivors, the Nociception @entity772 Scale (NCS), and explore its concurrent validity, inter-rater agreement and sensitivity. Concurrent validity was assessed by analyzing behavioral responses of 48 post- @entity772 @entity1 to a noxious stimulation (pressure applied to the fingernail) (28 VS and 20 @entity47 ; age range 20-82 years; 17 of traumatic etiology). @entity1 ' were assessed using the NCS and four other scales employed in non-communicative @entity1 : the 'Neonatal @entity1 @entity158 Scale' (NIPS) and the 'Faces, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability' (FLACC) used in newborns; and the ' @entity158 Assessment In Advanced @entity303 Scale' (PAINAD) and the 'Checklist of Non-verbal @entity158 Indicators' (CNPI) used in @entity303 . For the establishment of inter-rater agreement, fifteen @entity1 were concurrently assessed by two examiners. Concurrent validity, assessed by Spearman rank order correlations between the NCS and the four other validated scales, was good. Cohen's kappa analyses revealed a good to excellent inter-rater agreement for the NCS total and subscore measures, indicating that the scale yields reproducible findings across examiners. Finally, a significant difference between NCS total scores was observed as a function of diagnosis (i.e., VS or @entity47 ). The NCS constitutes a sensitive clinical tool for assessing nociception in severely brain-injured @entity1 . This scale constitutes the first step to a better management of @entity1 recovering from @entity772 .

title: The Nociception XXXX Scale: a new tool to assess nociception in disorders of consciousness.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'Infant', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['Coma', 'coma', 'comatose']

entities_list: @entity47 :: ('MESH:D018458', 'Disease') :: ['minimally conscious', 'MCS']

answer: @entity772 :: (MESH:D003128,Disease) :: ['Coma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Metastatic @entity0 remains an incurable disease; therefore, both the efficacy and the @entity137 of palliative chemotherapy are important considerations. @entity2664 and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) with high dose @entity4181 are active drugs in the treatment of @entity0 , and both can be given with relatively few side effects. We evaluated the efficacy and @entity137 of these agents in a combination regimen for the treatment of metastatic @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In a phase II study, we treated 35 @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 with the following regimen: @entity2664 12 mg/m2 i.v. day 1; @entity4181 300 mg i.v. over 1 hour followed by @entity1487 350 mg/m2 i.v. push on days 1, 2 and 3; courses repeated every 21 days. Responding @entity1 received a total of 6-8 courses. Most @entity1 were receiving second-line chemotherapy for metastatic @entity0 , but some were receiving first-line therapy following failure of adjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: Twenty of 31 assessable @entity1 (65%) had objective responses; in addition, 2 of 4 @entity1 with bone-only metastases had sustained symptomatic responses. @entity137 was mild and the regimen was well tolerated. The activity of this drug combination has been verified in several other phase II studies. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity2664 , @entity1487 and high-dose @entity4181 provides an attractive option for second-line chemotherapy of metastatic @entity0 . The efficacy of this combination in first-line therapy is currently being compared to @entity786 , @entity1499 and @entity1487 (CMF) in a randomized trial.

title: The use of @entity2664 , @entity1487 and high-dose @entity4181 in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['leucovorin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone', 'Mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['advanced breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of serum lost goodwill target ( @entity5053 ) proteome, and to analyze its clinical significance in evaluating prognosis of @entity1 with @entity3124 on the basis of acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHEII) score. METHODS: The serum samples were collected from 96 @entity1 with @entity3124 and 30 healthy volunteers as healthy control. The expression of serum LGT proteome was detected by surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS) protein chip technology. The abundance value of @entity5053 proteome in @entity1 at admission was measured, and at the same time APACHE II score was estimated, in order to analyze its clinical significance in @entity1 with @entity3124 . RESULTS: The amount of @entity5053 proteome in APACHEII>= 15 group [n =35, (9.26    7.51)%] was significantly higher than that of APACHEII and it;15 group [n=61, (4.19    4.07)%], and the @entity5053 proteome amount in both groups was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group [(1.52    0.47)%, both P <0.01]. Spearman correlation analysis showed that there was significant positive correlation between the abundance of @entity5053 proteome and the APACHE II score (r =0.317 ,P =0.002). The abundance of @entity5053 proteome in death group[n =23, (10.14    9.23)%] was significantly higher than that in survival group [ n =73, (5.8 3    3.57)%, P <0.01]. The fatality rate of the @entity5053 proteome group with average abundance exceeding 5% [68.0% (17/25)] was significantly higher than that of the @entity5053 proteome group with average abundance lower than 5% [8.5% (6/71), P<0.01]. According to the @entity5053 proteome abundance to evaluate the prognosis of the @entity1 ,the positive predict rate was 68.0 %,the negative predict rate was 91.5 %, the false positive rate was 32.0%, the false negative rate was 8.5%. CONCLUSION: The @entity5053 proteome was intimately correlated with the severity degree of @entity74 and prognosis in @entity1 with @entity3124 . The determination of @entity5053 proteome combined with APACHE IIscore evaluation can probably be an important indicator in evaluating the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity3124 . Further research on @entity5053 proteome is warranted to facilitate the prognostication and clinical decision making.

title: [The clinical significance of the relationship between serum lost goodwill target proteome and the acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II score of XXXX with @entity3124 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3124 :: ('MESH:D016638', 'Disease') :: ['critical illness']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['disease condition']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 @entity2969 ( @entity2969 ) have a strong genetic component and a high familial relative risk. However, linkage analyses have not identified a rare, highly penetrant familial @entity2969 (FTGCT) susceptibility locus. Currently, multiple low-penetrance genes are hypothesized to underlie the familial multiple-case phenotype. The observation that two is the most common number of affected individuals per family presents an impediment to FTGCT gene discovery. Clinically, the prospective @entity2969 risk in the multiple-case family context is unknown. METHODS: We performed a prospective analysis of @entity2969 incidence in a cohort of multiple-affected- @entity1 families and sporadic-bilateral-case families; 1,260 @entity1 from 140 families (10,207 @entity1 -years of follow-up) met our inclusion criteria. Age-, gender-, and calendar time-specific standardized incidence ratios (SIR) for @entity2969 relative to the general population were calculated using SEER*Stat. RESULTS: Eight incident TGCTs occurred during prospective FTGCT cohort follow-up (versus 0.67 expected; SIR = 11.9; 95% CI, 5.1-23.4; excess absolute risk = 7.2/10,000). We demonstrate that the incidence rate of @entity2969 is greater among bloodline male relatives from multiple-case @entity5 families than that expected in the general population, a pattern characteristic of adult-onset @entity5 susceptibility disorders. Two of these incident TGCTs occurred in relatives of sporadic-bilateral cases (0.15 expected; SIR = 13.4; 95% CI, 1.6-48.6). CONCLUSIONS: Our data are the first to indicate that despite relatively low numbers of affected individuals per family, members of both multiple-affected- @entity1 FTGCT families and sporadic-bilateral @entity2969 families comprise high-risk groups for incident @entity5 . IMPACT: @entity1 at high @entity2969 risk might benefit from tailored risk stratification and surveillance strategies. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 24(10); 1-8.   2015 AACR.

title: Prospectively Identified Incident XXXX Risk in a @entity5 Cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Men', 'Human', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Mendelian cancer', 'testicular cancer']

entities_list: @entity2969 :: ('MESH:C563236', 'Disease') :: ['testicular germ cell tumors', 'TGCT']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Testicular Cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Hexavalent @entity3407 [ @entity6596 ] compounds are @entity1 lung carcinogens and environmental/occupational hazards. The molecular mechanisms of @entity6596 carcinogenesis appear to be complex and are poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the potential role of @entity10785 ( @entity10785 , @entity10785 ), a multifunctional adaptor protein, in @entity6596 -mediated @entity105 . We show that the level of @entity10785 protein is suppressed by both acute and chronic @entity6596 treatments in a dose- and time-dependent fashion in BEAS-2B lung epithelial cells. The inhibition also occurs in A549 lung @entity153 cells. @entity6596 suppresses @entity10785 expression mainly through post-transcriptional mechanisms, although the mRNA level of @entity10785 also tends to be lower upon @entity6596 treatments. @entity6596 -induced DNA damage appears primarily in the S phases of the cell cycle despite the high basal DNA damage signals at the G2M phase. Knockdown of @entity10785 with siRNA significantly elevates @entity6596 -induced DNA damage in both BEAS-2B and A549 cells. Depletion of @entity10785 also promotes @entity6596 -induced micronucleus (MN) formation and cell transformation in BEAS-2B cells. Our results reveal a novel function of @entity10785 in @entity6596 -induced DNA damage and lung epithelial cell transformation. We propose that in addition to its role in the canonical EGFR signaling pathway and other signaling pathways, @entity10785 may also inhibit @entity6596 -induced @entity105 by reducing DNA damage triggered by @entity6596 .

title: @entity10785 / @entity10785 inhibits hexavalent @entity3407 -induced DNA damage and cell transformation in XXXX lung epithelial cells.

entities_list: @entity3407 :: ('MESH:D002857', 'Chemical') :: ['Chromium']

entities_list: @entity153 :: ('MESH:D002283', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['lung carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The plasma @entity2922 response to parturition was studied in two groups of chronically catheterized fetal @entity742 . Group I consisted of full term pregnancies with a mean gestation of 147 days at delivery. Group II was comprised of fetal @entity742 infused with @entity701 to induce @entity3465 at a mean gestational age of 135 days. Plasma @entity2922 concentrations were measured in group I mothers and fetuses and group II fetuses by radioenzymatic assay using 50 microliter samples. Uterine contractions began 4--14 h before delivery in both groups. Significant increases in fetal plasma @entity1063 (NE) concentrations occurred within 3 h of delivery in both groups. Group I plasma @entity1425 (E) and group I and II plasma @entity935 levels were significantly increased within 1 h of delivery. Only plasma E levels differed in group I and II fetuses; there was no significant rise in plasma E concentrations in @entity701 -infused (group II) fetuses. Maternal plasma NE and E concentrations were increased 2--3 h before delivery in group I animals. Maternal plasma @entity935 concentrations were only elevated 30 min before delivery when plasma NE and E levels were highest.

title: Plasma @entity1063 , @entity1425 , and @entity935 concentrations in maternal and fetal @entity742 during spontaneous parturition and in premature @entity742 during XXXX -induced parturition.

entities_list: @entity3465 :: ('MESH:C536271', 'Disease') :: ['premature delivery']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity701 :: (MESH:D006854,Chemical) :: ['cortisol']


abstract: @entity1140 , an immunosuppressant that prolongs allograft survival, is a co-drug with its intracellular receptor, @entity12572 . The @entity12572 . @entity1140 complex inhibits calcineurin, a critical signaling molecule during T-cell activation. @entity12572 was, until recently, the sole FKBP known to mediate calcineurin inhibition at clinically relevant @entity1140 concentrations. The best characterized cellular function of @entity12572 is the modulation of @entity8452 receptor isoform-1, a component of the @entity460 release channel of skeletal muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Recently, a novel protein, @entity12573 , was found to inhibit calcineurin at clinically relevant @entity1140 concentrations. We have cloned the cDNA encoding @entity1 @entity12573 and characterized the protein. In transfected Jurkat cells, @entity12573 is equivalent to @entity12572 at mediating the inhibitory effects of @entity1140 . Upon binding @entity3446 , @entity12573 complexes with the 288-kDa @entity1 target of @entity3446 . In contrast to @entity12572 , @entity12573 is not associated with @entity8452 receptor isoform-1 but with the distinct @entity8452 receptor isoform-2 in cardiac muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum. Our results suggest that @entity12573 has both a unique physiological role in excitation-contraction coupling in cardiac muscle and the potential to contribute to the immunosuppressive and toxic effects of @entity1140 and @entity3446 .

title: A novel @entity1140 binding protein can mediate the immunosuppressive effects of XXXX and is associated with the cardiac @entity8452 receptor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'human']

entities_list: @entity8452 :: ('MESH:D012433', 'Chemical') :: ['ryanodine']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

answer: @entity1140 :: (MESH:D016559,Chemical) :: ['FK506']


abstract: Recent advances in @entity385 enable a seamless transition of the @entity1 flow from the prehospital setting to definitive reperfusion, without the arbitrary separation of therapeutic phases of @entity63 based on time alone. In 2013, the framework to understand and directly address the pathophysiology of cerebral blood flow that determines the timeline or evolution of @entity63 in an individual case is given. This continuum of flow and the homeostasis of brain perfusion balanced by collaterals may be captured with serial imaging. Ongoing imaging core laboratory activities permit large-scale measurement of angiographic and tissue biomarkers of @entity63 . Prehospital neuroprotection has become a reality and may be combined with revascularization therapies. Recent studies confirm that image-guided thrombolysis may be achieved without restrictive time windows. Baseline imaging patterns may be used to predict response to therapy and serial imaging may discern recanalization and reperfusion. Advanced techniques, such as arterial spin-labeled MRI, may also report hyperperfusion associated with hemorrhagic transformation. Endovascular therapies, including novel stent retriever devices, may augment revascularization and angiographic core laboratories may define optimal reperfusion. Serial evaluation of collaterals and reperfusion may identify definitive reperfusion linked with good clinical outcome rather than imposing arbitrary definitions of effective recanalization. Reperfusion injury and hemorrhagic transformation of various types may be detailed to explain clinical outcomes. Similar approaches may be used in intracranial @entity731 where flow, and not the degree of @entity850 , is paramount. Fractional flow may now be measured with computational fluid dynamics to identify high-risk lesions that require revascularization to restore the equilibrium of antegrade and collateral perfusion. Serial perfusion imaging of such cases may also illustrate inadequate cerebral blood volume gradients that may be more informative than blood flow delay alone. In sum, the growing understanding of collateral perfusion throughout all stages of @entity385 provides a framework for the future of @entity385 .

title: The future of XXXX : flow from prehospital neuroprotection to definitive reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['luminal stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Hemoperitoneum due to @entity1409 of a @entity99 is a rare and serious clinical event with a high mortality rate. CASE REPORT: 25-year-old @entity1 under hormonal treatment for pregnancy with @entity490 with distension followed by vomits, palpable epigastric mass and paleness of the skin and mucosas. Computed tomography of the abdomen without oral and venous contrast showed a heterogeneous and capsulated @entity5 of the liver. Exploratory laparotomy was carried out that revealed a large @entity5 occupying the gastro-hepatic site with @entity5 's capsule with @entity548 . Because of the close relationship between the @entity5 and the retro-hepatic inferior vena cava, the partial resection of the @entity5 was realized. The @entity1 had a good post-operative evolution. The study of the @entity5 revealed @entity99 . CONCLUSION: @entity99 may evolve to @entity1409 leading to hemorrhagic acute abdomen. Surgery is mandatory and the resection of the @entity2695 will depend on the clinical condition of the @entity1 and on the relationship of the @entity5 with the vascular structures of the liver. Partial resection is a safe choice that saves lives in urgency situations, as the one described herein.

title: XXXX : a rare source of hemoperitoneum. Case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1409 :: ('MESH:D012422', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous rupture']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'partial rupture of the tumor']

entities_list: @entity2695 :: ('MESH:D006391', 'Disease') :: ['Hemangioma']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatic Hemangiomas', 'hepatic hemangioma']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['Spontaneous rupture of giant hepatic hemangioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To understand clinicopathologic characteristics of @entity5825 . METHODS: The data of two autopsy cases with @entity3308 caused by @entity9488 were analyzed. RESULTS: The age of the two @entity1 was younger ( < or = 3 age). The clinical course was rapidly progressive, @entity1910 were found in one case and the other case had no rashes. Both @entity1 had clinical manifestations of central nervous system. Rapid progression to @entity204 were preceded by the development of @entity3126 and @entity548 . The results of the autopsy showed that the brain and brain stem were most severely involved and there were @entity32 and @entity39 . There were @entity4 and @entity548 . The myocardium and other organs were not infiltrated by inflammatory cells. CONCLUSION: @entity5825 with @entity9488 often affected central nervous system, rapid progression to @entity204 was preceded by the development of @entity3308 and @entity3126 .

title: [Autopsy report of two cases with @entity9488 XXXX and literature review].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity9488 :: ('MESH:D004769', 'Disease') :: ['enterovirus type 71 infection']

entities_list: @entity3308 :: ('MESH:D020295', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem encephalitis', 'brain stem encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity1910 :: ('MESH:D005076', 'Disease') :: ['vesicular rashes']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5825 :: ('MESH:D006232', 'Disease') :: ['Hand-foot- and-mouth disease', 'hand-foot-and-mouth disease']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['lung edema']

answer: @entity3308 :: (MESH:D020295,Disease) :: ['brainstem encephalitis']


abstract: @entity272 due to an adverse reaction to food are @entity110 , @entity483 , @entity566 , @entity14086 and protein induced contact @entity1909 . The first three disorders will be discussed in more detail. @entity110 per se is a common skin reaction associated with various external and internal factors. Food as a causative factor is more frequently associated with acute than with chronic @entity110 . The relation between food and @entity483 is evident in young @entity1 with @entity483 . The course of @entity483 in adults is hardly influenced by food. The mechanism involved in @entity110 may be immune-mediated, being IgE-mediated, or non-immune mediated, being pharmacologic or unknown. The mechanism involved in food-induced @entity483 is based on the involvement of IgE antibodies and T lymphocytes. So far, it not known if and how (free or complexed with antibodies) food allergens enter the skin. It has been speculated that cutaneous T cell homing factors are involved.

title: Food induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['oral allergy syndrome']

entities_list: @entity14086 :: ('MESH:D003874', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis herpetiformis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['Skin diseases']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity110 :: ('MESH:D014581', 'Disease') :: ['Urticaria', 'urticaria']

answer: @entity272 :: (MESH:D012871,Disease) :: ['skin diseases']


abstract: PURPOSE: Intracavitary brachytherapy necessitates the insertion of a tandem applicator through the cervical os into the uterine cavity. Blind insertion of the tandem may result in suboptimal tandem placement. This decreases the control of the @entity5 locally and may result in uterine perforation. Although routine real time ultrasound guided tandem placement has shown better results, it is seldom practised. The aim of this work is to evaluate the role of routine real-time intraoperative trans-abdominal ultrasound guided tandem placement in intracavitary brachytherapy for the treatment of @entity5 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a prospective single institutional study conducted from April 2013 to May 2015. A total of 96 @entity1 of locally advanced @entity5 were treated with routine ultrasound guided brachytherapy amounting to a total of 282 intracavitary applications. RESULTS: In 78 of the study @entity1 , the cervical os could be easily identified visually, which was then confirmed with ultrasound guidance. In another 12 @entity1 , though the os could be identified visually, uterine sounding was only possible under ultrasound guidance. In another 4 @entity1 , the cervical os could not be identified visually as the cervix was flushed with vagina and ultrasound guidance was necessary for accurate os identification. In 2 of the study @entity1 , intraoperative ultrasound helped in identifying the @entity1 suitable for interstitial brachytherapy rather than intracavitary brachytherapy. Out of the 96 study @entity1 , the length of the uterine canal changed in 15 @entity1 during the subsequent brachytherapy application. CONCLUSIONS: This procedure is strongly advocated for proper placement of the tandem applicator and to avoid perforations. It is an accurate, fast, easily available, and cost-effective method. Hence, it can be incorporated in intracavitary applications for @entity5 even in the developing countries where cost, accessibility, and time are important issues.

title: Routine use of ultrasound guided tandem placement in intracavitary brachytherapy for the treatment of XXXX - a South Indian institutional experience.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancers', 'tumor', 'cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: Thirty-four @entity151 ( @entity151 ) @entity1 underwent surgery in Kyoto University from 1976 to 1989. The mean age was 62 years males numbered 25 cases, and females 9. All cases were LD except 2 rib-metastasized @entity1 . Seventeen @entity1 were in PS 0, and 17 in @entity3666 . Twenty-eight @entity1 were treated with chemotherapy. In the remaining 5 @entity1 2 were treated by only oral @entity1487 derivatives, one died upon operation, one was unable to be treated because of advanced age, and the last one refused chemotherapy. Except for the one operational death, 33 cases were able to be evaluated. Out of 28 @entity1 , 16 were treated only by post-operative chemotherapy. As for operational radicality, 21 out of 31 cases were operated radically (68%). The survival rate of these 33 @entity1 reached 78% for 1 year, 37% for and 5 years, with MSI at 26 months. The neoadjuvant (+) group showed a better prognosis than the non-non-neoadjuvant group.

title: [Surgical treatment of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small cell lung cancer']


abstract: Assessment of serum @entity14257 levels in association with the occurrence of @entity85 using a population-based cohort study design revealed that serum @entity14257 levels could predict the occurrence of @entity170 at the femoral neck within 3  years, but not the occurrence of @entity626 or @entity4720 . INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study is to clarify the association between serum @entity14257 (25D) levels and occurrence of @entity170 and @entity571 in the general population. METHODS: The Research on @entity571 / @entity170 Against Disability study, a large-scale population-based cohort study, was performed during 2005-2007. Serum 25D levels were measured in 1,683 @entity1 . Of these, 1,384 individuals (81.9  %) completed a second follow-up survey 3  years later. @entity170 was defined according to World Health Organization criteria, in which @entity170 is diagnosed by T-scores of bone mineral density (BMD) that are 2.5 standard deviations (SD) less than normal BMD. @entity626 and @entity4720 were defined as Kellgren-Lawrence grade >= 2, using paired X-ray films. Cumulative incidences were determined according to changes in measurements using World Health Organization criteria for @entity170 or Kellgren-Lawrence grades for @entity571 between the baseline and second survey. RESULTS: The mean (SD) serum 25D level of the 1,384 @entity1 in both surveys was 23.4  ng/mL (6.5). The annual cumulative incidences of @entity170 at @entity2586 and the femoral neck were 0.76 and 1.83  %/year, respectively. The incidences of @entity626 and @entity4720 were 3.3 and 11.4  %/year, respectively. After adjusting for potential associated factors, logistic regression analyses revealed that the odds ratio for the occurrence of femoral @entity135 significantly decreased as serum 25D levels increased (+1 SD; odds ratio 0.67; 95  % confidence interval 0.49-0.92; p   =   0.014). CONCLUSIONS: Higher serum 25D levels may prevent the occurrence of @entity170 at the femoral neck, but not @entity626 , @entity4720 , or @entity170 at @entity2586 .

title: Serum levels of XXXX and the occurrence of @entity85 : a 3-year follow-up to the road study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['neck osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['Knee osteoarthritis', 'knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity14257 :: ('MESH:C104450', 'Chemical') :: ['25-hydroxyvitamin D']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal diseases']

entities_list: @entity4720 :: ('MESH:D055009', 'Disease') :: ['lumbar spondylosis']

answer: @entity14257 :: (MESH:C104450,Chemical) :: ['25-hydroxyvitamin D']


abstract: This study examined the effect of preexisting @entity4854 on the extracellular concentrations of @entity2227 and @entity2228 in the @entity95 hippocampus using in vivo microdialysis during brief episodes of transient global @entity63 . @entity4854 has repeatedly been shown to exacerbate the @entity16 produced by episodes of @entity2806 . Under @entity519 conditions, @entity413 may be metabolized to @entity2227 , a known neurotoxin which has been implicated as a mediator of ischemic neuronal cell death. In this study, microdialysis probes were stereotactically inserted into the dorsal hippocampus of anesthetized @entity95 . Animals were randomized to receive an i.v. infusion of either saline or @entity413 . @entity2806 was then produced by the combination of neck tourniquet inflation and the induction of systemic @entity551 . Administration of @entity413 had no effect on these basal levels of @entity2227 or @entity2228 . During @entity63 , @entity2227 and @entity2228 concentrations increased several-fold when compared with baseline. However, hippocampal @entity2227 concentrations were lower in the @entity413 -treated groups during the peri-ischemic period (P = 0.02). @entity2228 concentrations were higher during the reperfusion period in the @entity413 -treated animals when compared with saline controls (P = 0.03). The increased concentration of extracellular @entity2228 which was observed in the @entity413 -treated animals may contribute to the @entity16 which occurs during episodes of global @entity63 . The results of this study suggest that @entity4854 does not exert its detrimental effects by increasing the extracellular concentration of @entity2227 .

title: Effect of XXXX on peri-ischemic neurotransmitter levels in the @entity95 hippocampus.

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine', 'Glycine']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['global cerebral ischemia', 'Global cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic injury']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbits', 'rabbit']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia', 'Hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose', 'dextrose']

answer: @entity4854 :: (MESH:D006943,Disease) :: ['hyperglycemia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Recently, a non-synonymous ( @entity18836 ) variant, @entity18837 , in the @entity9349 gene was shown to be associated with multiple @entity792 ( @entity792 ) in European Caucasian populations. However, shared autoimmunity with @entity9349 has not been evaluated in non-European populations. The aim of the present study is to assess the association of this single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) with @entity792 in non-European populations. METHODS: To replicate this association in non-European populations, we evaluated case-control association between @entity18837 and @entity66 ( @entity66 ) samples from Argentina; @entity1252 , @entity1723 ( @entity1723 ) and primary SS (pSS) from Colombia; and @entity1252 samples from China and Japan. We genotyped @entity18837 and evaluated its genetic association with multiple @entity792 , using chi(2)-test. For each association, odds ratio (OR) and 95% CI were calculated. RESULTS: We show that @entity18837 is significantly associated with Argentinean @entity66 (P = 0.0009, OR = 1.60). We also observed a trend of possible association with Chinese @entity1252 (P = 0.01, OR = 1.19), @entity309 (P = 0.047, OR = 1.25), @entity1252 (P = 0.0899, OR = 1.24) and pSS (P = 0.09, OR = 1.33) in Colombians. Meta-analyses for @entity1252 (using our three populations) and @entity1723 (our population and three published populations) yielded significant association with @entity18837 , P = 0.009 (OR = 1.16) and P = 1.1.46 x 10(-9) (OR = 1.14), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the coding variant @entity18837 in @entity9349 gene is associated with multiple @entity792 in non-European populations.

title: Non-synonymous variant ( @entity18836 ) in XXXX is associated with susceptibility to multiple @entity792 .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['coeliac disease', 'CED']

entities_list: @entity18836 :: ('p|SUB|G|307|S', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Gly307Ser']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['T1D', 'RA, type-1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['ADs', 'autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity9349 :: (10666,Gene) :: ['CD226']


abstract: @entity10542 is a highly selective @entity1861 inhibitor approved for @entity2213 -resistant @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ). @entity10542 and @entity8947 , a multi-targeted kinase inhibitor also approved for second-line therapy in @entity1860 , have different patterns of kinase selectivity, pharmacokinetics, and cell uptake and efflux properties, and thus @entity1 may respond to one following failure of the other. An international phase II study of @entity10542 was conducted in @entity1860 @entity1 (39 @entity2212 ( @entity2212 ), 21 accelerated phase (AP)) after failure of both @entity2213 and @entity8947 . Median times from diagnosis of @entity2212 or AP to @entity10542 therapy were 89 and 83 months, respectively. Complete hematological response and major cytogenetic response (MCyR) rates in @entity2212 were 79% and 43%, respectively. Of 17 evaluable @entity1 with @entity11139 , 5 (29%) had a confirmed hematological response and 2 (12%) a MCyR. The median time to progression has not yet been reached in @entity2212 @entity1 . At 18 months 59% of @entity1 were progression-free. Median overall survival for both populations has not been reached, and the estimated 18-month survival rate in @entity2212 was 86% and that at 12 months for @entity11139 was 80%. @entity10542 is an effective therapy in @entity2212 and -AP following failure of both @entity2213 and @entity8947 therapy.

title: XXXX is active in chronic and accelerated phase @entity1860 following failure of @entity2213 and @entity8947 therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity8947 :: ('MESH:C488369', 'Chemical') :: ['dasatinib']

entities_list: @entity2212 :: ('MESH:D015466', 'Disease') :: ['chronic phase', 'CP', 'CML-CP']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

entities_list: @entity10542 :: ('MESH:C498826', 'Chemical') :: ['Nilotinib', 'nilotinib']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukemia']

answer: @entity10542 :: (MESH:C498826,Chemical) :: ['Nilotinib']


abstract: @entity1877 acetyltransferase ( @entity4268 ) synthesizes the neurotransmitter, @entity934 , at cholinergic nerve terminals. @entity4268 contains nuclear localization signals and is also localized in the nuclei of neural and non-neuronal cells. Nuclear @entity4268 might have an as yet unidentified function, such as transcriptional regulation. In this study, we investigated the alteration of candidate gene transcription by @entity4268 . We chose high affinity @entity1877 transporter (CHT1) and vesicular @entity934 transporter (VACHT) as candidate genes, which function together with @entity4268 in @entity934 production. Using SH-SY5Y @entity1 @entity521 cells stably expressing wild-type @entity1 @entity4268 , we found that overexpressed @entity4268 enhanced transcription of the CHT1 gene but not the VACHT gene. In contrast, nuclear localization signal disrupted, and catalytically inactive mutant @entity4268 could not induce, CHT1 expression. Additionally, @entity4268 did not alter CHT1 expression in non-neuronal HEK293 cells. Our results suggest that @entity4268 activates the transcription of selected target genes in neuronal cells. Both enzymatic activity and nuclear translocation of @entity4268 are required for its transcriptional enhancement.

title: Nuclear @entity1877 acetyltransferase activates transcription of a high-affinity XXXX transporter.

entities_list: @entity1877 :: ('MESH:D002794', 'Chemical') :: ['choline', 'Choline']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastoma']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity1877 :: (MESH:D002794,Chemical) :: ['choline']


abstract: The IkB kinase (IKK) complex regulates activation of NF-kB, a critical transcription factor in mediating inflammatory and immune responses. Not surprisingly, therefore, many viruses seek to inhibit NF-kB activation. The @entity6621 @entity8717 protein contributes to virus virulence by binding to the @entity15955 subunit of the IKK complex and preventing NF-kB activation in response to pro-inflammatory stimuli. Previous crystallographic studies showed that the @entity8717 protein has a @entity588 -like fold and forms homodimers in the crystal. However, multi-angle light scattering indicated that @entity8717 is in monomer-dimer equilibrium in solution. This transient self-association suggested that the hydrophobic dimerization interface of @entity8717 might also mediate its interaction with @entity15955 , and this was investigated by introducing @entity535 substitutions on the dimer interface. One mutant ( @entity15956 ) was entirely monomeric but still co-immunoprecipitated with @entity15955 and blocked both NF-kB nuclear translocation and NF-kB-dependent gene expression. Therefore, @entity8717 homodimerization is nonessential for binding and inhibition of @entity15955 . In contrast, a second monomeric mutant (F130K) neither bound @entity15955 nor inhibited NF-kB-dependent gene expression, demonstrating that this residue is required for the @entity8717 - @entity15955 interaction. Thus, the dimerization and @entity15955 -binding interfaces overlap and lie on a surface used for protein-protein interactions in many viral and cellular @entity588 -like proteins.

title: Mapping the IkappaB kinase beta (IKKbeta)-binding interface of the @entity8717 protein, a XXXX inhibitor of IKKbeta-mediated activation of nuclear factor kappaB.

entities_list: @entity15956 :: ('p|SUB|Y|35|E', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Y35E']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity6621 :: ('10245', 'Species') :: ['vaccinia virus']

answer: @entity6621 :: (10245,Species) :: ['vaccinia virus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Accumulating evidence suggests that exaggerated formation of vasa vasorum (VV) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity731 . However, it remains unclear whether augmented angiogenesis in the adventitia could promote @entity407 -induced @entity731 formation. METHODS AND RESULTS: First, we analyzed the time course of VV development in @entity6970 -deficient ( @entity6970 -/-) @entity19 . VV proliferation was observed only after @entity731 formation. Next, we investigated whether forced perivascular angiogenesis could promote plaque progression. @entity10245 ( @entity10245 ) (100  g/body) incorporated in acid gelatin hydrogel microspheres (AGHM) ( @entity10245 +AGHM group, n=10), AGHM alone (AGHM group, n=7), or PBS (control group, n=8) was administered into the periaortic area of the retroperitoneal space in 10- to 11-week-old male @entity6970 -/- @entity19 . At 13 weeks after the operation, lesions were significantly larger in the @entity10245 +AGHM group than in others ( @entity10245 +AGHM: 3.4    0.7   10(4) m(2); AGHM: 0.1    0.1   10(4) m(2); control: 0  m(2); p<0.0001), which was associated with increased neovascularization in the adventitia. The number of adventitial capillaries correlated with plaque size (r=0.69, p<0.0001). In the @entity10245 +AGHM group, an increase in the number of VV and accumulation of @entity9674 -positive macrophages were observed prior to @entity731 formation. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrated that local administration of @entity10245 in the adventitia induced development of VV and accelerated plaque progression in @entity6970 -/- @entity19 , supporting the notion that VV formation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of @entity731 .

title: Augmented angiogenesis in adventitia promotes growth of @entity731 plaque in XXXX -deficient @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity10245 :: ('14173(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'Basic fibroblast growth factor']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic lesion']

answer: @entity6970 :: (11816(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['apolipoprotein E']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The German food pyramid was set up to foster and communicate healthy food choices. METHODS: The adherence to recommendations of the food pyramid was translated into an index (German Food Pyramid Index (GFPI)) by scoring the ratio of consumed and recommended daily servings of eight food groups, wherein higher scores indicated greater adherence. The GFPI was calculated for 23 531 subjects who participated in the European Prospective Investigation into @entity5 and Nutrition-Potsdam study and were recruited between 1994 and 1998. Associations between quintiles of GFPI scores and risk of incident @entity65 ( @entity65 ), @entity2175 ( @entity2175 ) and @entity5 were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression models. During 183 740 @entity1 -years of follow-up, 363 incident cases of @entity65 ( @entity583 or @entity64 ), 837 incident cases of @entity2175 and 844 incident cases of @entity5 occurred. RESULTS: The GFPI was inversely related to @entity65 risk in @entity1 (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for highest versus lowest quintiles=0.56; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.34-0.94) but not in @entity1 (HR=1.39; 95% CI: 0.76-2.55). No association between GFPI and @entity5 was observed. An inverse relation between GFPI and @entity2175 ( @entity1 : HR= 0.71 (0.52-0.97); @entity1 : HR= 0.69 (0.50-0.96)) in age-adjusted models was substantially attenuated after multivariable adjustments, particularly by body mass index (BMI) ( @entity1 : HR=0.94 (0.69-1.30); @entity1 : HR=1.09 (0.77-1.54)). The same was observed for overall major chronic disease risk ( @entity65 , @entity5 ). CONCLUSION: Adherence to the German food pyramid recommendations is not associated with a decreased risk of @entity102 when considering BMI as confounder, except of @entity65 in @entity1 .

title: Adherence to recommendations of the German food pyramid and risk of XXXX : results from the EPIC-Potsdam study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'men']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer', 'T2D and total cancer']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic diseases']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic diseases']


abstract: Oxidative stress is an important pathogenic factor of @entity5 and @entity65 . On the other hand, mild oxidative stress, as in case of physical exercise, can increase the antioxidant defense system. However, the mechanisms underlying such desirable effects of mild oxidative stress are not well understood, because the production of @entity3787 radical, the most aggressive @entity26 free radical, was not yet evaluated under physiological circumstances. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the overall production of @entity3787 radical using blood samples of ten healthy male students before and 1 h after ergometry. One h before exercise, they took @entity3785 (1g) orally so that @entity3787 radical was trapped with @entity3785 , yielding a measurable reaction product, @entity3786 . Oxidative stress response to exercise was also evaluated in the volunteers without premedication by measuring serum @entity2627 and total antioxidant capacity of serum. These parameters of oxidative stress were then correlated with physical performance of the subjects. Ergometry caused an increase of the plasma @entity3787 radical level by 37.5% (p < 0.05), whereas the levels of total serum @entity2627 did not change significantly. Total serum antioxidant capacity, measured as @entity414 equivalents, was higher after ergometry by 39.7% (p < 0.05), and was in positive correlation (r = 0.81) with anaerobic threshold, an indicator of physical condition. Hence, ergometry induces @entity3787 radical production and systemic oxidative stress response in the healthy subjects. Egometry could be used to study physiological oxidative stress response and to improve antioxidant defense capacities in @entity1 .

title: Ergometry induces systemic oxidative stress in healthy XXXX subjects.

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity2627 :: ('MESH:D010545', 'Chemical') :: ['peroxides']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity3787 :: ('MESH:D017665', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyl']

entities_list: @entity3786 :: ('MESH:C009135|MESH:C492493', 'Chemical') :: ['2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular, metabolic and degenerative diseases']

entities_list: @entity414 :: ('MESH:D014527', 'Chemical') :: ['uric acid']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to evaluate the pattern of cerebral activation during the application of painful pressure and determine whether this pattern is augmented in @entity1 with @entity239 ( @entity239 ) compared with controls. METHODS: Pressure was applied to the left thumbnail beds of 16 right-handed @entity1 with @entity239 and 16 right-handed matched controls. Each @entity239 @entity1 underwent fMRI while moderately painful pressure was being applied. The functional activation patterns in @entity239 @entity1 were compared with those in controls, who were tested under 2 conditions: the "stimulus pressure control" condition, during which they received an amount of pressure similar to that delivered to @entity1 , and the "subjective @entity158 , during which the intensity of stimulation was increased to deliver a subjective level of @entity158 similar to that experienced by @entity1 . RESULTS: Stimulation with adequate pressure to cause similar @entity158 in both groups resulted in 19 regions of increased regional cerebral blood flow in healthy controls and 12 significant regions in @entity1 . Increased fMRI signal occurred in 7 regions common to both groups, and decreased signal was observed in 1 common region. In contrast, stimulation of controls with the same amount of pressure that caused @entity158 in @entity1 resulted in only 2 regions of increased signal, neither of which coincided with a region of activation in @entity1 . Statistical comparison of the @entity1 and control groups receiving similar stimulus pressures revealed 13 regions of greater activation in the @entity1 group. In contrast, similar stimulus pressures produced only 1 region of greater activation in the control group. CONCLUSION: The fact that comparable subjectively painful conditions resulted in activation patterns that were similar in @entity1 and controls, whereas similar pressures resulted in no common regions of activation and greater effects in @entity1 , supports the hypothesis that @entity239 is characterized by cortical or subcortical augmentation of @entity158 processing.

title: Functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence of augmented XXXX processing in @entity239 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia', 'FM']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain control" condition', 'pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity5520 (BP) therapy in the treatment of @entity79 and @entity5 may induce a major side effect known as @entity5520 -related @entity2530 of the jaws (BRONJ). A particular view of this @entity558 is reported in this case series investigating eight @entity1 . The aim of the study was to evaluate the BRONJ lesions concerning their aspects and progression. Also, identify if it is possible to predict the degree of severity in these cases. METHODS: @entity1 were evaluated by their @entity558 and systemic health. The lesions were evaluated in clinical and radiographic aspects. The @entity1 were followed-up for 2  years. RESULTS: The @entity1 presented with specific peculiarities, and the BRONJ lesions varied in several characteristics. The BRONJ lesions ranged from simple to severe conditions, and the complicated cases presented with @entity158 , swelling, secondary infection and an extensive @entity39 area, classified with high grade of severity. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1 presented here confirm the existence of a relation between multiple features and BRONJ and to understand the whole process of aggravation, all systemic and local information have to be taken into account, together with all data related to the BP utilized. Regardless of the low incidence of this side effect in relation to @entity170 treatment, in some cases, the BRONJ may become a severe @entity558 and compromise the @entity1 's quality of life.

title: XXXX -Related @entity2530 of the Jaws and Its Array of Manifestations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['condition']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity5520 :: ('D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['Bisphosphonate', 'bisphosphonate']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone diseases']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['major pain']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['osteonecrosis']

answer: @entity5520 :: (D004164,Chemical) :: ['Bisphosphonate']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity7667 is an uncommon type of primary @entity1313 . In most of the cases the @entity5 demonstrates benign clinical behaviour with long-term @entity1 ' survival. We present two cases ofhistologically confirmed @entity7667 in which malignant progression into a @entity463 multiforme was seen. CASE 1: A 36 year-old female with known @entity2689 and recent history of single generalized @entity410 . The contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an infiltrating lesion of the @entity75 . The @entity5 was excised partially and the histological result was @entity7667 (World Health Organization - WHO. gr. III). No additional @entity16 occurred after the procedure. A postoperative radiotherapy was performed with total dose of 60 Gy. The @entity1 was symptom-free for one year taking her anticonvulsant medications. Control neuroimaging studies (computer tomography - CT, and MRI) were made because of progressive @entity10 , right limbs @entity425 and @entity132 . A local @entity5 recurrence was found and the @entity1 underwent second operative intervention with gross total @entity5 resection. The histological result was @entity463 multiforme (WHO gr. IV @entity11 ). The @entity1 improved after the procedure. An involvement of the contralateral cerebral hemisphere was found on control CT-scan ten months later. The @entity1 died after one month, 23 months after her initial diagnosis. CASE 2: A 17 year-old female with recent history of progressive @entity10 and three generalized @entity410 preceded by involuntary movements of the right limbs. MRI data for large, heterointense @entity5 lesion in the @entity75 was found. A @entity5 removal was made. The histological result was @entity7667 (WHO gr. ILL). The @entity1 ' @entity10 and right side @entity1269 improved after the intervention. She was @entity410 -free taking her anticonvulsant medications. Thirty-day-long fractionated radiotherapy was performed with total dose of 60 Gy. The @entity1 remained symptom-free for thirteen months after initial surgical procedure. During the next month the @entity1 , partial motor @entity410 relapsed. Progressive @entity10 , @entity227 also developed. The ventriculoperitoneal shunt was implanted with neuroimaging data for internal @entity1276 development. The @entity1 ' @entity10 and @entity227 improved after the procedure. Data for additional local @entity5 growth was found on control CT-scan one month later. The @entity1 underwent subtotal excision of the lesion and the actual histological result was @entity463 multiforme. The @entity1 deteriorated after the intervention according to her right limbs paresis and died one month and half later. 20 months after the initial diagnosis. CONCLUSION: The @entity7667 are uncommon in clinical practice. The @entity5 behaviour may vary between the @entity1 in spite of the similar histological characteristics which indicates the possible presence of different @entity5 subtypes.

title: [Malignant progression of an XXXX into a @entity463 multiforme--report on two cases and review of the literature].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia, and visual acuity impairment', 'visual disturbances']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['speech disturbances']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'subtotal tumor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['left frontal lobe']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity2689 :: ('MESH:D014424', 'Disease') :: ['Turner syndrome']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity7667 :: ('MESH:D018303', 'Disease') :: ['Ganglioglioma', 'gangliogliomas', 'anaplastic ganglioglioma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity7667 :: (MESH:D018303,Disease) :: ['anaplastic ganglioglioma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The risk of @entity850 is    5 times more common in male than female @entity1 . It has been hypothesized that the higher risk among male @entity1 is associated with high levels of @entity251 causing @entity1184 of the pylorus muscle. To test this hypothesis, we examined the association between the @entity251 levels in the umbilical-cord blood and the risk of infantile @entity2202 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We conducted a matched case-control study nested in the Danish National Birth Cohort using risk-set sampling. From a cohort of 101 042 pregnancies, we identified umbilical-cord blood samples from 46 case subjects (43 male and 3 female @entity1 ) who developed infantile @entity2202 in the first year of life and 150 gender- and gestational age-matched control subjects. The @entity251 levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Rate ratios were estimated by using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS: In male @entity1 , the mean @entity251 level at birth was 0.78 nmol/L in case subjects and 0.91 nmol/L in control subjects. The rate of infantile @entity2202 was inversely, albeit insignificantly, associated with the @entity251 levels in male @entity1 ; there was a 29% (95% confidence interval: -46% to 65%; P = 35) lower rate per nmol/L. The association was not modified according to age, gestational age, or birth order. CONCLUSIONS: We found no support for the hypothesis that high @entity251 levels in the umbilical-cord blood are strongly associated with a subsequently higher risk for infantile @entity2202 in male @entity1 .

title: XXXX levels in umbilical-cord blood and risk of pyloric stenosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity2202 :: ('MESH:D046248', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic pyloric stenosis']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['infantile hypertrophk pylonc stenosis']

answer: @entity251 :: (MESH:D013739,Chemical) :: ['Testosterone']


abstract: @entity172 receptor (ER) action is modulated by posttranslational modifications. Although @entity1782 phosphorylation correlates with @entity1 outcome, @entity1783 is similarly phosphorylated but its significance in @entity0 has not been addressed. We investigated whether @entity1783 that is phosphorylated at @entity563 105 (S105- @entity1783 ) is expressed in @entity0 and assessed potential clinical implications of this phosphorylation. Following antibody validation, S105- @entity1783 expression was studied in tissue microarrays comprising 108 @entity440 -resistant and 351 @entity440 -sensitive cases and analyzed against clinical data. S105- @entity1783 regulation in vitro was assessed by Western blot, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. Nuclear S105- @entity1783 was observed in @entity0 and was associated with better survival (Allred score > or =3), even in @entity440 -resistant cases, and additionally correlated with ERbeta1 and ERbeta2 expression. Distinct S105- @entity1783 nuclear speckles were seen in some higher grade @entity5 . S105- @entity1783 levels increased in MCF-7 cells in response to @entity53 , the @entity1783 -specific agonist @entity21914 , and the partial @entity1783 -agonist @entity670 . S105- @entity1783 nuclear speckles were also seen in MCF-7 cells and markedly increased in size and number at 24 hours following @entity53 and, in particular @entity21914 , treatment. These speckles were coexpressed with ERbeta1 and ERbeta2. Presence of S105- @entity1783 in @entity0 and association with improved survival, even in endocrine resistant @entity0 suggest S105- @entity1783 might be a useful additional prognostic marker in this disease.

title: Phosphorylation of XXXX receptor beta at @entity563 105 is associated with good prognosis in @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['Estrogen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumors']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity670 :: ('MESH:D019833', 'Chemical') :: ['genistein']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity21914 :: ('MESH:C492519', 'Chemical') :: ['diarylpropionitrile']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['17beta-estradiol']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

answer: @entity172 :: (MESH:D004967,Chemical) :: ['estrogen']


abstract: @entity6249 is a major cause of @entity64 and vascular @entity303 ; however, the pathogenesis is largely unclear. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the impairment of dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA) in @entity1188 @entity1 . Seventy-one @entity1188 @entity1 were enrolled in the study, including 46 unilateral middle cerebral artery (MCA) @entity64 @entity1 and 25 unilateral posterior cerebral artery (PCA) @entity64 @entity1 . Each group of @entity1 was randomly divided into two subgroups. Group 1 underwent dCA assessments in the bilateral MCAs, and Group 2 underwent dCA assessments in the bilateral PCAs. All @entity1 were followed up for 6 months. Transfer function analysis was applied to derive the autoregulatory parameters of gain and phase difference. In the unilateral MCA @entity64 @entity1 , impairments of dCA were observed in both the MCAs and PCAs, and the same results were observed in the unilateral PCA @entity64 @entity1 . These impairments remained unchanged during the 6-month follow-up. In @entity1188 , which is most prevalent type of @entity6249 , though @entity1 with unilateral MCA territory/PCA @entity64 , the impairments of dCA were global and sustained. This finding suggests that the physiological changes associated with @entity1188 were diffuse.

title: Characteristics of dynamic cerebral autoregulation in XXXX : Diffuse and sustained.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'territory stroke']

entities_list: @entity6249 :: ('MESH:D059345', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral small vessel disease', 'Cerebral small vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['lacunar infarction']

answer: @entity6249 :: (MESH:D059345,Disease) :: ['cerebral small vessel disease']


abstract: The time course of development and the cellular and subcellular distributions of adult-type, @entity1026 -binding @entity2228 receptors (GlyRs) were examined on @entity35 spinal cord neurons in vitro using both the GlyR antagonist @entity1026 and a specific antibody against the receptor. Spinal cord neurons in vivo had no detectable adult-type GlyRs at embryonic day 14, the age used to establish cell cultures. After being placed in culture, neurons continued for several days to show no expression of adult-type GlyRs. This contrasted with the observation that these neurons began to express receptors for substance P within 24 hr in culture. Beginning after 5-7 d in culture, however, neurons began to express adult-type GlyRs on their surfaces, and the number of such receptors increased abruptly thereafter. Ultimately, about 80% of the neurons in heterogeneous spinal cord cultures came to express adult-type GlyRs, with all of them beginning to express the GlyRs at approximately the same time. The subcellular distribution of adult-type GlyRs on neurons was observed by fluorescence microscopy using both anti-GlyR antibody and a fluorescent derivative of @entity1026 . On neurons that had been in culture for more than 10 d, GlyRs were localized in focal clusters, or aggregates, that were distributed over both cell bodies and neurites. The apparent location of these clusters on the cell surface was confirmed by the observation that GlyRs could be labeled with the antibody on living neurons.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Adult-type @entity2228 receptors form clusters on embryonic XXXX spinal cord neurons developing in vitro.

entities_list: @entity1026 :: ('MESH:D013331', 'Chemical') :: ['strychnine']

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The aim of this study was to perform the molecular characterization of @entity3256 -resistant @entity5939 (MRSH) from clinical specimens of @entity1 in a Chinese hospital. One hundred and thirty-three strains of @entity5939 collected from April 2002 to April 2003 were analyzed. Antimicrobial susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents was determined by the broth microdilution method. The resistant rates to @entity3397 and @entity6101 were higher than 90%. There were no isolates resistant to @entity5136 or @entity2176 , and only 6.0% of the strains were resistant to @entity11248 . The positivity rate for mecA genes was 90.2% by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Ninety MRSH (isolated from inpatients and mecA-gene-positive) were genotyped by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after SmaI digestion. Twenty-five different PFGE patterns (A approximately Y) were found and a major clone (type A; n = 36) with five subtypes was identified. Clone A was detected during a 1-year period. Identical PFGE types were found in different wards and @entity1 . The results of this study suggest the clonal spread of MRSH within our hospital. This emphasizes the need for control and prevention measures.

title: Antimicrobial resistance and molecular characterization of XXXX in a Chinese hospital.

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity6101 :: ('MESH:D010068', 'Chemical') :: ['oxacillin']

entities_list: @entity11248 :: ('MESH:D017334', 'Chemical') :: ['teicoplanin']

entities_list: @entity3397 :: ('MESH:D010400', 'Chemical') :: ['penicillin G']

entities_list: @entity5136 :: ('MESH:C098010', 'Chemical') :: ['linezolid']

entities_list: @entity5939 :: ('1283', 'Species') :: ['S. haemolyticus', 'Staphylococcus haemolyticus']

answer: @entity5939 :: (1283,Species) :: ['Staphylococcus haemolyticus']


abstract: Idiopathic @entity1165 is a well described syndrome of both left and right ventricular origin. This study reports the feasibility and efficacy of catheter ablation in this entity. Fourteen @entity1 (mean age 30 +/- 10 years of age) and six @entity1 (mean age 51 +/- 9 years of age) underwent endocardial catheter ablation with either direct-current shocks and radiofrequency energy, respectively. Earliest right and left ventricular activation and endocardial mapping during @entity591 were made to localize the site of @entity1165 origin. The overall clinical efficacy was 93% for direct-current method with a mean number of shocks of 3.3 +/- 0.9/ @entity1 after a mean follow-up of 38 +/- 25 months. Radiofrequency ablation achieved an overall clinical efficacy of 83.6% with a mean of 3.2 pulses/ @entity1 during a follow-up of 10.5 +/- 4 months. The isoenzyme MB fraction of peak @entity908 kinase after ablation was less than 5%. There were no complications in any @entity1 who underwent radiofrequency energy. Endocardial catheter ablation is feasible in @entity1 with idiopathic @entity1165 . Both methods are highly effective but radiofrequency energy is most desirable because of its lack of @entity11283 , and may be considered as early therapy.

title: Idiopathic XXXX : feasibility and efficacy of catheter ablation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity11283 :: ('MESH:D001469', 'Disease') :: ['barotrauma']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The effectiveness of prevention bundles on the occurrence and mortality of ventilator associated @entity55 (VAP) was evaluated in many studies. However, the effectiveness of endotracheal tube with subglottic secretion drainage (ETT-SD) and cuff pressure monitorization in VAP bundles have not been adequately assessed. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of VAP bundle containing ETT-SD and cuff pressure monitorization. This was a prospective, controlled study that was carried out between March 2011 and April 2012 including intubated @entity1 . The study was conducted at the Anesthesiology Intensive Care Unit 1 and 2 (10 beds each) in a 898-bed university hospital. Occurrence of VAP and compliance with the parameters of the VAP prevention bundles were assessed daily. @entity1 intubated with the standard endotracheal tube were recruited as controls, mainly in the first six months of the study as ETT-SD and cuff pressure monometer had not yet been implemented. In the second term, @entity1 intubated with ETT-SD were included as cases. Occurrence of VAP, mortality, and compliance with VAP prevention bundles were monitored. A total of 133 @entity1 , 37 cases and 96 controls were recruited. VAP incidence declined from 40.82 to 22.16 per 1000 ventilator days among controls and cases, respectively (p<005). On average, VAP occurred 17.33  21.09 days in the case group and 10.43  7.83 days in the control group (p=0.04). However, mortality of cases and controls at the 14th and 30th days was not different. VAP prevention bundles including the utilization of ETT-SD, monitoring cuff pressure, and oral care with @entity1216 were efficient in reducing the rate of VAP.

title: Assessment of the effectiveness of a ventilator associated XXXX prevention bundle that contains endotracheal tube with subglottic drainage and cuff pressure monitorization.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity1216 :: ('MESH:D002710', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

answer: @entity55 :: (MESH:D011014,Disease) :: ['pneumonia']