abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: The diagnosis of @entity1897 is based on clinical examination. Nerve conduction study (NCS) enables earlier diagnosis, but it is demanding and requires specialised personnel. In an attempt to simplify the procedure, this study aimed to identify a new electrophysiological index, which might correlate with results obtained on standardised NCS in @entity1 with long-standing type 2 @entity6 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Medical records of type 2 @entity6 @entity1 evaluated for @entity16 by NCS were reviewed retrospectively. This analysis included 104 @entity1 (50 @entity1 , 54 @entity1 ) with a mean age of 67.1  5.5 years and mean @entity6 duration of 13.1  2.7 years. NCS was performed on radial, ulnar, sural, and peroneal nerves. @entity16 was defined as impaired NCS. Ratios of neurophysiological parameters from these nerves were calculated and each of them was compared with diagnosis of @entity16 . RESULTS: The sural sensory/radial motor amplitude ratio had the best combination of sensitivity (85%) and specificity (71%) for @entity16 . It also remained the strongest independent predictor of @entity16 in multivariate regression analysis: low levels of this ratio yielded an odds ratio of 7.7 for @entity16 . CONCLUSIONS: The sural sensory/radial motor amplitude ratio has a high sensitivity and a moderately high specificity for the diagnosis of @entity16 , low levels being associated with a nearly eightfold increase in the risk for @entity16 . These results encourage further evaluation of this and other electrophysiological indices to enable wider availability of NCS.

title: The sural sensory/radial motor amplitude ratio for the diagnosis of XXXX in type 2 @entity6 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral diabetic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Neuropathy', 'neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity1897 :: (MESH:D010523,Disease) :: ['peripheral neuropathy']


abstract: @entity3885 ( @entity3885 ) commonly occurs following percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI), may lead to @entity296 , and is an independent predictor of adverse outcome. Severe @entity3885 may manifest angiographically as reduced flow in the patent upstream epicardial arteries, a situation that is termed "no-reflow." @entity3885 can be broadly categorized according to the duration of @entity741 preceding PCI. In "interventional @entity3885 " (e.g., elective PCI), obstruction typically involves myocardium that was not exposed to @entity63 before PCI. Conversely "reperfusion @entity3885 " (e.g., primary PCI for acute @entity583 ) occurs within a myocardial territory that was @entity63 before the coronary intervention. Interventional and reperfusion @entity3885 have distinct pathophysiological mechanisms and may require individualized therapeutic approaches. Interventional @entity3885 is triggered predominantly by downstream embolization of @entity731 material from the epicardial vessel wall into the distal microvasculature. Reperfusion @entity3885 results from both distal embolization and @entity63 -reperfusion injury within the subtended @entity63 tissue. Management of @entity3885 and no-reflow may be targeted at different levels: the epicardial artery, microvasculature, and tissue. The aim of the present report is to advocate a systematic approach to prevention and treatment of @entity3885 in different clinical settings. Randomized clinical trials have studied strategies for prevention of @entity3885 and no-reflow; however, the efficacy of measures for reversing @entity3885 once no-reflow has been demonstrated angiographically is unclear. New approaches for prevention and treatment of @entity3885 will require a better understanding of intracellular cardioprotective pathways such as the blockade of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore.

title: Prevention and treatment of microvascular obstruction-related XXXX and coronary no-reflow following percutaneous coronary intervention: a systematic approach.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['acute ischemia', 'ischemia', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['MVO', 'Microvascular obstruction']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial injury']


abstract: The possible effects of changing climate on a southern and a north-eastern English river (the Thames and the Yorkshire Ouse, respectively) were examined in relation to water and ecological quality throughout the food web. The CLASSIC hydrological model, driven by output from the Hadley Centre climate model (HadCM3), based on IPCC low and high @entity515 emission scenarios for 2080 were used as the basis for the analysis. Compared to current conditions, the CLASSIC model predicted lower flows for both rivers, in all seasons except winter. Such an outcome would lead to longer residence times (by up to a month in the Thames), with nutrient, organic and biological contaminant concentrations elevated by 70-100% pro-rata, assuming sewage treatment effectiveness remains unchanged. Greater opportunities for phytoplankton growth will arise, and this may be significant in the Thames. Warmer winters and milder springs will favour riverine birds and increase the recruitment of many coarse fish species. However, warm, slow-flowing, shallower water would increase the incidence of @entity9963 . These changing conditions would make southern UK rivers in general a less favourable habitat for some species of fish, such as the @entity12178 ( @entity12178 ). Accidental or deliberate, introductions of alien macrophytes and fish may change the range of species in the rivers. In some areas, it is possible that a concurrence of different pressures may give rise to the temporary loss of ecosystem services, such as providing acceptable quality water for @entity1 and industry. An increasing demand for water in southern England due to an expanding population, a possibly reduced flow due to climate change, together with the Water Framework Directive obligation to maintain water quality, will put extreme pressure on river ecosystems, such as the Thames.

title: The British river of the future: how climate change and XXXX activity might affect two contrasting river ecosystems in England.

entities_list: @entity12178 :: ('8030', 'Species') :: ['Atlantic salmon', 'Salmo salar']

entities_list: @entity9963 :: ('MESH:D005393', 'Disease') :: ['fish diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: @entity63 -reperfusion (I/R) causes gut dysfunction characterized by decreased basement membrane integrity and decreased barrier function. Indeed, it has been reported that the absorption of several drugs is altered after intestinal I/R. Intestinal I/R also promotes @entity881 ( @entity881 ). The liver and kidney can be affected by @entity881 after intestinal I/R. However, little is known about the alteration of pharmacokinetics after intravenous administration in intestinal I/R injury. In the present study, we investigated pharmacokinetics of @entity6838 after oral administration and intravenous administration in intestinal I/R injury. Plasma @entity6838 concentration in I/ @entity5698 after oral administration was not significantly altered at any time compared with that in sham-operated @entity35 . Plasma @entity6838 concentration in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h after intravenous administration was significantly higher than that in sham-operated @entity35 . Plasma @entity6838 concentrations in @entity35 reperfused for 6 and 24 h were the same as those in sham-operated @entity35 . The area under the concentration.time curve after intravenous administraion (AUC(i.v.)) and total clearance (CL(tot)) in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h was 1.89- and 0.57-fold higher than that in sham-operated @entity35 . However, elimination rate (k(e)) and half-life (t(1/2)) in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h were not altered. Distribution volume (V(d)) in @entity35 reperfused for 1 h was decreased than that in sham-operated @entity35 , but there was not statistical difference. These results suggest that intestinal I/R affected the V(d) of @entity6838 , and plasma concentration of @entity6838 was increased. The present study suggests that understanding pharmacokinetics of drug after intravenous administration in intestinal I/R injury is important to provide valuable information for safe drug therapy for intestinal I/R @entity1 .

title: Pharmacokinetics of oral and intravenous administration of @entity6838 after intestinal XXXX -reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Intestinal ischemia']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multi-organ failure', 'MOF']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: Increased serum levels of acute-phase proteins in @entity5 are considered to be indicative for the presence of a @entity5 . Following radical treatment, their serum levels are expected to revert to normal. @entity2104 and @entity6927 antitrypsin have important serum concentrations which allow precision in the detection of their variations. The aim of the study was to determine wherther serial measurements of @entity2104 and @entity6927 -antitrypsin levels could be relevant in postoperative monitoring of @entity1 with @entity1820 . As a model advanced disease was used. @entity2104 and @entity6927 -antitypsin serum levels were determined in 20 healthy controls, andin 100 camples of sera originating from 61 @entity1 with advanced disease: 21 with 16 @entity356 , 27 with 17 @entity5 , and 52 with 28 @entity5 . Both proteins were determined by radial immunodiffusion @entity13309 in healthy controls, being 2.167 +/- 0.733 g/l for @entity4306 and 2.372 +/- 0.481 g/l for @entity6927 -antitrypsin. @entity2104 @entity13309 was 2.256 +/- 1.466 in @entity356 , 3.031 +/- 1.517 in @entity5 and 2.964 +/- 1.189 in @entity5 . The difference from healthy controls was significant in @entity5 (p < 0.05) and @entity5 (p < 0.01). It was also significant between @entity356 and @entity5 (p < 0.05). @entity6927 -antitrypsin @entity13309 was 2.557 +/- 1.063 in @entity356 , 2.885 +/- 1.746 in @entity5 and 3.111 +/- 1.192 in @entity5 . The difference from healthy subjects was significant only for @entity5 (p < 0.01). In 28 @entity1 with serial sera samples, the disease progression was associated in 64-68% of them with further increase of @entity2104 and @entity6927 -antitrypsin levels. Development of microangiopathic @entity417 decreased levels of both @entity2104 (1.444 +/- 1.165 vs 2.833 +/- 1.311 in the whole group, (p < 0.05) and @entity6927 -antitrypsin (1.405 +/- 0.859 vs. 2.934 +/- 1.252 in the whole group, (p < 0.01). Serial determination of @entity2104 and @entity6927 -antitrypsin levels seem to be useful in postoperative monitoring of @entity1 with @entity5 and possibly @entity5 . They are of no relevance in monitoring @entity1 with @entity356 . @entity2106 development is associated with serum depletion of both @entity2104 and @entity6927 -antitrypsin.

title: [Serum XXXX and @entity6927 antitrysin levels as biological evolution markers in @entity1 with gastric and colorectal cancer].

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['haemolytic anaemia']

entities_list: @entity2104 :: ('3240', 'Gene') :: ['Haptoglobin', 'haptoglobin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['large bowel cancer', 'bowel cancer', 'cancers', 'rectal cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['Microangiopathic haemolytic anaemia']

entities_list: @entity1820 :: ('MESH:D005770', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal cancer']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity2104 :: (3240,Gene) :: ['haptoglobin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Although Iran, and especially the northeast of the country, is known as one of the areas in the world where @entity418 is most prevalent, there is no information on the survival rate of @entity1 affected with this disease in this region. To address this issue, we conducted a study comprehensive enough to provide as accurate an estimate as possible. Any finding related to survival of @entity1 in this area may be considered representative of Iran. METHODS: @entity418 @entity1 who were consecutively referred to the oncology centers of Omid and Imam Reza Hospitals from July 1997 to March 2004 were recruited for the study. Data collection included the demographical and clinical characteristics of @entity1 in addition to treatment details. The median survival and overall survival rates, as well as the median event-free survival and event-free survival rates, were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to detect any significant prognostic factors. RESULTS: 1,568 @entity1 were eligible. The Kaplan-Meier analysis indicates that median survival is 38 months (95% CI, 26.6-49.3), 5-year survival is 42% (38.76-46.16%), median event-free survival is 21 months (95% CI, 18.2-23.8) and 5-year event-free survival is 29.9% (27.07-32.67%). The univariate analysis indicates that age, gender, @entity5 histology, @entity5 location, body mass index and disease stage are significant predictors of overall survival. However, in the multivariate analysis, disease stage is the best prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of @entity5 in Iran is not as dismal as in other world regions. Our treatment outcome and survival rates are much higher than those reported especially in western countries.

title: A geographic area with better outcome of XXXX : is there an effect of ethnicity and etiologic factors?

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'esophagus cancer']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['Esophageal cancer', 'esophageal cancer']

answer: @entity418 :: (MESH:D004938,Disease) :: ['esophageal carcinoma']


abstract: @entity6948 (Precedex, Hospira, Lake Forest, IL) is an alpha-2 receptor agonist with sedative and analgesic sparing properties. This medication has not been associated with respiratory suppression, despite occasionally high levels of sedation. For 10 months, all @entity1 undergoing a laparoscopic bariatric procedure received a @entity6948 infusion 30 min before the anticipated completion of the procedure (n = 34). A control group was comprised of a similar number of @entity1 to have had laparoscopic bariatric surgery in the time period immediately before these 10 months (n = 37). All pathways and discharge criteria were identical for @entity1 in each group. A total of 73 @entity1 were included in this retrospective chart review. Two gastric bypass @entity1 were excluded for complications requiring additional surgery (one bleed and one leak). Gastric bypass @entity1 who received a @entity6948 infusion required fewer narcotics (66 vs 130 mg of @entity1286 equivalents) than control @entity1 and met discharge criteria on post-op day (POD) 1 more often (61% discharged @entity773 vs 26% discharged @entity773 , p = 0.02). Vital signs and @entity158 scores were similar in all groups. @entity6948 infusion perioperatively is safe and may help to minimize narcotic requirements and decrease duration of stay after laparoscopic bariatric procedures. This may have important @entity1 safety ramifications in a @entity1 population with a high prevalence of @entity27 . A well-organized prospective, randomized, double-blinded trial is necessary to confirm the benefits of @entity6948 suggested by this study.

title: The impact of perioperative XXXX infusion on postoperative narcotic use and duration of stay after laparoscopic bariatric surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity27 :: ('MESH:D020181', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive sleep apnea']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine', 'Dexmedetomidine']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To survey on @entity1 who have sex with @entity1 (MSM) population's @entity146 , @entity645 related knowledge and other issues among MSM population at @entity2953 ( @entity2953 ) clinics to understand the characteristics of behaviors and offer suggestions for effective health education and behavior intervention. METHODS: From January to December, 2009, we used anonymous questionnaires which involved in their mastery of demographic characteristics, @entity146 , @entity645 related knowledge, and so one, to investigate 200 MSM at 3 @entity2953 clinics of comprehensive hospital. RESULTS: The average age of informant was (26.7+/- 8.9) years and 121 individuals (62.6%) had confirmed with @entity2953 in recent one year. In the recent 6 months, the average number of homosexual partners was 9.2+/- 4.8 and 102 (52.8%) had heterosexual partners. In the sexual intercourse with homosexual, 123 individuals had anal intercourse (63.7 %) and 117 had oral intercourse (60.6%). In the sexual intercourse with heterosexual, 92 (90.2%) individuals had vaginal intercourse, 37 (36.2%) had anal intercourse, and 59 (57.8%) had oral sex behavior.There were a statistical difference between heterosexual and homosexual sex behaviors (P<0.01). The condom-using frequency had statistic difference in different @entity146 (    =188.396, P<0.001). There was no linear correlation between @entity645 related knowledge and condom-using condition in @entity146 except the heterosexual anal intercourse. CONCLUSION: High @entity791 knowledge mastery rate is found in our survey. The respondents get @entity645 / @entity791 knowledge through various ways actively. There is no obvious relation between the mastery of @entity645 related knowledge and condom-using frequency. The ratio of non-protected @entity146 is high in heterosexuals. How to adopt effective methods for behavior intervention to MSM at @entity2953 clinic needs to be further studied.

title: [A survey on @entity791 knowledge rate and @entity146 among @entity1 who have sex with XXXX population at @entity2953 clinic].

entities_list: @entity2953 :: ('MESH:D012749', 'Disease') :: ['sexually transmitted disease', 'STD']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behaviors', 'sexual behavior, condom-service condition', 'sexual behaviors, condom-service condition']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['men']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Background   Many different surgical approaches have been described to treat @entity438 . A common feature of all the approaches has been relatively extensive brain exposure and brain retraction with increasing surgical morbidity. Transorbital keyhole is one of the minimally invasive approaches. Endoscope-assisted transorbital keyhole surgery (EATOKS) combines minimally invasive transorbital keyhole surgery with endoscope-assisted microneurosurgery. We describe our experience with this approach and its efficacy in treating @entity1756 . Materials and Method   We retrospectively reviewed 62 @entity1 (18 @entity1 [29%] and 44 @entity1 [71%]) with a ruptured supratentorial @entity439 who underwent surgical clipping via the EATOKS approach from April 2003 to July 2012. In all our cases, we use a rigid endoscope of 0, 30, or 45 degrees to inspect the @entity439 and its surrounding anatomy before clipping and ultimately to verify the completeness of the @entity439 clipping and the patency of the adjacent @entity531 . Results   All @entity1 with @entity1756 were successfully clipped including three with @entity439 . Surgically related major and minor as well as medically related complications were 10%, 15%, and 10%, respectively. Three @entity1 (4.8%) died of massive @entity385 due to fulminant @entity2553 , @entity177 , and adult @entity649 . At 6-month follow-up, 81% of @entity1 achieved good outcomes with Glasgow Outcome Scales of 4 and 5. @entity1 ' satisfaction with the cosmetic results was satisfactory to excellent in most cases. Conclusion   EATOKS is a viable and safe option in the neurosurgical armamentarium to treat @entity1756 .

title: Endoscope-assisted Transorbital Keyhole Surgical Approach to XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm', 'multiple aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity531 :: ('MESH:D013901', 'Disease') :: ['neurovascular structures']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

entities_list: @entity1756 :: ('MESH:D017542', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured supratentorial aneurysms']

answer: @entity1756 :: (MESH:D017542,Disease) :: ['Ruptured Supratentorial Aneurysms']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the retinal morphology of eyes with @entity6568 ( @entity6568 ) associated with a @entity8443 mutation using high-resolution imaging techniques. Three subjects with @entity6568 underwent detailed ophthalmic examinations. High-resolution fundus images were obtained with an @entity1781 ( @entity1781 ) fundus camera. A common homozygous mutation was detected in the three @entity1 . Funduscopic examination of the three @entity1 revealed the presence of crystalline deposits in the retina, and all of the crystalline deposits were also detected in the infrared (IR) images. The crystals observed in the IR images were seen as bright reflective plaques located on the RPE layer in the SD-OCT images. The clusters of hyperreflective signals in the @entity1781 images corresponded to the crystals in the IR images. High-magnification @entity1781 images revealed that the clusters of hyperreflective signals consisted of circular spots that are similar to the signals of cone photoreceptors. Most of these circular spots were detected in healthy areas in the FAF images. There is a possibility that circular spots observed by @entity1781 are residual cone photoreceptors located over the crystals.

title: High-Resolution Imaging of XXXX with Bietti Crystalline Dystrophy with @entity8443 Mutation.

entities_list: @entity6568 :: ('MESH:C535440', 'Disease') :: ['Bietti crystalline dystrophy', 'BCD']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1781 :: ('MESH:D009901', 'Disease') :: ['AO', 'adaptive optics']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies focus on bronchial microscopic @entity66 (R1) after resection for @entity2 , although R1 also concerns vascular and soft tissues. Our purpose was to study the R1 prognosis at different resection margins and to compare it with the prognosis for those having complete resection (R0). METHODS: We reviewed the clinical records of 4,026 @entity1 from two centers who underwent surgery in view of cure. Despite perioperative frozen section, 216 @entity1 (5.4%) proved R1 and were classified into seven types according to R1 anatomic site: bronchus, peribronchus, great vessels and atrium, mediastinum and pericardium, chest wall, lung tissue, and lymph nodes. @entity1 who were classified as R0 and R1 were compared, and R1 @entity1 were further studied according to R1 margins. RESULTS: Frequency of R1 increased with the T and N values and type of resection (lobectomies, 3.3% [70 of 2,041 @entity1 ]; pneumonectomies, 8.8% [126 of 1,308 @entity1 ]; p < 10(-6)). Five-year survival rates for R1 @entity1 were lower than those for R0 @entity1 (20% versus 46%; p < 10(-6)), and were not modified by the degree of T and N involvement or adjuvant therapy, but were better in bronchial and peribronchial (48.4% of R1 @entity1 ) than in extrabronchial R1 (26.3% versus 15.6%; p = 0.023). Multivariate analysis confirmed R1 to be an independent factor of poor prognosis (p = 0.0008), after N, T, and age. CONCLUSIONS: Long-term survival is possible in case of an R1 margin, but 5-year survival rates are jeopardized. Poor efficacy of adjuvant therapy and global outcome indicate @entity1442 or reflect @entity5 cell @entity146 , rather than surgical insufficiency, when prevention of R1 margins is guided by frozen-section examination and scrupulously respected.

title: Microscopic @entity66 after resection for XXXX : a multifaceted but poor factor of prognosis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced disease']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: AIMS: @entity986 and @entity993 , the inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases, have been reportedly decreased in certain @entity1 @entity5 , including a few endocrine @entity5 . The current study used immunocytochemical staining to compare the staining intensity of @entity14107 and its inhibitor, @entity986 , in @entity788 with normal pancreatic islets. METHODS: Twenty-four primary @entity788 , consisting of 12 @entity9608 , one glucagomoma, three @entity3770 ( @entity3770 )-omas, five gastgrinomas and three @entity5 , were immunocytochemically studied for @entity14107 and @entity986 compared with the adjacent non-neoplastic islets. RESULTS: In the normal islets, @entity14107 staining was strongly positive for islet cell nuclei and cytoplasms, whereas @entity986 was strongly positively stained for islet cell cytoplasms. @entity9608 , @entity12983 , @entity3770 -omas and @entity5 were weakly stained for @entity14107 and @entity986 . Among five @entity7581 , three @entity5 were moderately stained and two @entity5 were more weakly stained for @entity14107 and @entity986 . Thus, @entity5 cells were weaker stained for @entity14107 and @entity986 compared with the strong staining of normal islet cells. No distinct immunostaining difference was observed among five kinds of @entity788 . CONCLUSIONS: The decreased immunocytochemical staining for @entity14107 and @entity986 is consistently observed in five kinds of @entity788 . This decreased @entity14107 and @entity986 in @entity788 may be a part of the cell cycle event in @entity5 transformation and progression, and the same process may @entity5 .

title: Cyclin-dependent kinase ( @entity14107 ) and @entity986 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic endocrine neoplasms']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'non-functioning tumours', 'non-fuctioning tumours', 'involve other endocrine tumours', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity9608 :: ('MESH:D007340', 'Disease') :: ['Insulinomas', 'insulinomas']

entities_list: @entity3770 :: ('5539', 'Gene') :: ['PP', 'pancreatic polypeptide']

entities_list: @entity7581 :: ('MESH:D015408', 'Disease') :: ['gastrinomas']

entities_list: @entity12983 :: ('MESH:D005935', 'Disease') :: ['glucagonoma']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic endocrine neoplasms']


abstract: Predictable and stable functional and aesthetic result is the aim of priority for the neurosurgeon dealing with the reconstruction of large @entity79 and complex-formed skull defects involving @entity2694 . AIM: the paper presents the experience with     D/       @entity702 and @entity12316 ( @entity12316 ) implants for complex-formed and @entity79 reconstruction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between 2005 and 2013 nine @entity1 (5 females and 4 males) underwent cranioplasty and cranio-facial reconstruction with insertion of the customized     D/       @entity702 and @entity12316 implants. Computer-assisted preoperative planning was undertaken by the surgeon and the engineer together in 3 cases to provide accurate implant design. Eight @entity1 had complex-formed and large posttraumatic defects of fronto-orbital (7 cases) and parietal (one case) regions. In two of these cases one-step reconstruction surgery for posttraumatic fronto-orbital defects combined with adjacent orbital roof (one case) and orbito-zygomatic (one case) deformities was performed. One @entity1 underwent one-step primary cranioplasty after @entity2694 focus resection. @entity702 implants were used in 4 cases while @entity12316 implants - in 5 ones. The follow-up period ranged from 6 months till 8,5 years (median 4,4 years). RESULTS: The accuracy of the implant intraoperative fit was perfect in all cases. Postoperative wounds healed primary and there were no any complications in the series presented. Post-op clinical assessment and CT data testified to high implants precision, good functional and aesthetic outcomes in all @entity1 . CONCLUSION:     D/       @entity702 and @entity12316 implants application should allow for optimal reconstruction in the challenging @entity1 with complex-formed and @entity79 providing predictable good functional and aesthetic result together with surgery morbidity and duration reduction. Computer-assisted preoperative planning should be undertaken for     D/       implants creation in the cases of posttraumatic defects combined with adjacent bone structures @entity3478 of @entity2694 , thus enabling one-step reconstructive surgery resulted in essential symmetry attained.

title: [Complex skull defects reconstruction with     D/       @entity702 and XXXX ( @entity12316 ) implants].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3478 :: ('MESH:D001859', 'Disease') :: ['deformities and benign bone tumors']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['cranio-orbital region', 'cranio-orbital fibrous dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['large skull bone defects', 'cranial bone defects']

entities_list: @entity12316 :: ('MESH:C063834', 'Chemical') :: ['PEEK', 'polyetheretherketone']

entities_list: @entity702 :: ('MESH:D014025', 'Chemical') :: ['titanium', 'Titanium']

answer: @entity12316 :: (MESH:C063834,Chemical) :: ['polyetheretherketone']


abstract: The purpose of this work was to obtain placental extracts with the capacity of producing lymphocyte blastogenesis. Placental homogenates were incubated at 37 degrees C in McCoy's 5A supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum and 25 mM Hepes. After a 6-day incubation period, the cultures were harvested and the sterility and cellular viability were controlled. The supernatant was centrifuged at 22,000g at 4 degrees C for 30 minutes. Sterilization was achieved by filtration (0.22 microns). This medium was denominated @entity1 placenta conditioned medium ( @entity12899 ). The other half of the original placenta was processed by the Burgess method and the extracts thus obtained were denominated HPCM-2. The activity of the extracts thus obtained was tested in peripheral lymphocyte cultures from @entity1 after the third pregnancy; 5, 10 and 20% @entity12899 or HPCM-2 was added to these cultures and the index of lymphocyte blast transformation (ILBT) was determined. The highest stimulation occurred at 10% HPCM. The ILBT obtained with @entity12899 at 10% was more constant than that obtained with HPCM-2 at the same concentration. In conclusion, it can be assumed that this methodology is appropriate to obtain conditioned media from @entity1 placenta with good blastogenic activity on peripheral lymphocytes in vitro.

title: XXXX placenta conditioned medium as a source of lymphocyte blastogenesis in vitro.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Human']


abstract: PURPOSE: A phase I study of @entity1311 infused over 96-hours was performed to determine @entity137 , maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), and pharmacokinetics in @entity1 with incurable @entity5 . A phase II study was performed at the MTD of @entity1311 in @entity1 with @entity632 / @entity2664 -refractory metastatic @entity0 . @entity1 AND METHODS: In the phase I study, @entity1311 dose levels ranged from 120 to 160 mg/m2, administered on a 21-day cycle. @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 who had either no response or a partial response (PR) to @entity632 or @entity2664 and had measurable disease were eligible for the phase I and II studies. Expression of the multidrug resistance ( @entity1262 ) gene was determined in @entity5 biopsies by mRNA quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 received a total of 73 cycles of @entity1311 on the phase I study. Dose-limiting @entity33 and/or grade IV @entity3028 was reached at 160 mg/m2, and 140 mg/m2 was selected as the phase II dose. Thirty-six consecutive @entity1 with metastatic @entity0 were treated, of whom three were not assessable. The median age was 49 years, with @entity409 in 76%. @entity1 received a median of two prior regimens for metastatic disease, and 73% had no response to prior @entity632 or @entity2664 . Of 33 @entity1 treated with @entity1311 , 16 @entity1 (48%) achieved a PR and five (15%) achieved a minor response (MR). With a median potential follow-up duration of 60 weeks, the median progression-free and overall survival durations were 27 and 43 weeks, respectively. No correlation was found between extent of prior treatment or prior response to @entity632 / @entity2664 , and response to @entity1311 . @entity1311 pharmacokinetics showed a correlation between both granulocyte and @entity137 , and serum steady-state concentrations (Css) more than 0.07 mumol/L. @entity1 with liver metastases had significantly decreased @entity1311 clearance and higher @entity1311 Css. Levels of @entity1262 were uniformly low in all @entity5 biopsies studied. CONCLUSION: The recommended phase II dose of @entity1311 is 140 mg/m2 in @entity1 without liver metastases and 105 mg/m2 in @entity1 with liver metastases. Ninety-six-hour infusions of @entity1311 were effective and well tolerated in @entity1 with @entity632 / @entity2664 -refractory @entity0 . Prolonged infusion schedules may be more effective than shorter schedules and deserve further study.

title: @entity1311 in XXXX -refractory or @entity2664 -refractory @entity0 : a phase I/II trial of 96-hour infusion.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'mucosal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'lymphomas and solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity2664 :: ('MESH:D008942', 'Chemical') :: ['mitoxantrone']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['disease in the liver and/or lung']

entities_list: @entity3028 :: ('MESH:D000380', 'Disease') :: ['granulocytopenia']

answer: @entity632 :: (MESH:D004317,Chemical) :: ['doxorubicin']


abstract: For the oncologist, @entity308 is a commonly occurring phenomenon which is encountered at all stages of the @entity1 's diagnosis, treatment and clinical course. The diagnosis of @entity5 is in itself a major source of stress. Initial rejection of the diagnosis is frequently followed by a period of total annihilation in which the @entity1 seems to withdraw, and it is not always obvious how to get him or her to accept the diagnosis and the therapeutic options simultaneously. These two stages are often linked, and the @entity1 usually has to tolerate news of his or her diagnosis, information regarding treatments and, in certain cases, the hazards of treatment all at the same time. The therapy bears witness to the disease: @entity5 ; this concept, which in itself is impossible to bear, will immediately be compounded by the hazards of the therapy. This is especially obvious when major surgery is mentioned. This initial stressful phase is a major source of disequilibrium, and is not always appropriately analysed by the clinician, who is more sensitive to the quality of the explanation than to its effect on the @entity1 . The description of the treatments often represents an intense emotional shock. Chemotherapy represents generalised sickness and physical change ( @entity1665 ). Surgery represents aesthetic and functional mutilation. The period of active treatment is frequently better tolerated, and @entity148 or @entity308 syndromes are rarely encountered during the initial phase. But as soon as he or she has comprehended the severity of the sequelae of therapy, the @entity1 presents with a veritable fulmination which now embraces the severity of the disease and the definitive nature of its sequelae.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [ XXXX and @entity5 : from the viewpoint of the @entity5 oncologist].

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression', 'depressive']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['Depression']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity558 triggers inflammatory responses; however, the negative regulation of @entity558 responses in vivo remains poorly understood. CD300f is an inhibitory receptor among the CD300 family of paired activating and inhibitory receptors. We have previously identified @entity2367 as a ligand for CD300f and shown that the binding of @entity2367 to CD300f inhibits IgE-mediated mast cell activation and @entity56 responses in @entity19 models. Here we identify the critical role of CD300f in inhibiting @entity558 -induced @entity32 . @entity942 remarkably enhanced @entity558 -induced skin @entity4 and neutrophil recruitment in @entity19 . Higher levels of factors that increase vascular permeability and of factors that induce neutrophil recruitment were detected in @entity558 -injected skin pouch exudates of CD300f(-/-) @entity19 as compared with wild-type @entity19 . CD300f was highly expressed in mast cells and recruited neutrophils, but not in macrophages, among skin myeloid cells. @entity942 failed to influence the intrinsic migratory ability of neutrophils. @entity2367 -CD300f binding suppressed the release of chemical mediators from mast cells and from neutrophils in response to @entity558 . Adoptive transfer experiments indicated that mast cells mediated enhanced @entity4 in @entity558 -stimulated skin of CD300f(-/-) @entity19 , whereas mast cells together with recruited neutrophils mediated robust neutrophil accumulation. Importantly, administering a @entity2367 antibody or @entity2367 -containing vesicles enhanced or suppressed @entity558 -induced @entity32 of wild-type @entity19 , respectively. Thus, @entity2367 -CD300f binding inhibits @entity558 -induced @entity32 , implicating CD300f as a negative regulator of @entity1990 ( @entity1990 ) signaling in vivo.

title: XXXX -CD300f Binding Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-induced @entity32 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['skin inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2367 :: ('CHEBI:17761', 'Chemical') :: ['ceramide', 'Ceramide']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['CD300f deficiency']

answer: @entity2367 :: (CHEBI:17761,Chemical) :: ['Ceramide']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Response rates to systemic chemotherapy for @entity1 who have failed @entity2600 -based chemotherapy for liver-dominant metastatic @entity14 range between 10 and 18  % with overall survival between 7 and 9  months. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of hepatic arterial @entity2600 therapy in @entity1 with hepatic-dominant metastatic @entity14 who had failed systemic @entity2600 . METHODS: This was a multi-institutional, multi-national, analysis of @entity1 who received DEBIRI in the setting of unresectable liver-dominant metastatic @entity14 . @entity1 had received between 1 and 4 lines of prior chemotherapy, the majority of which included systemic @entity2600 . Primary endpoints were @entity137 profile and @entity5 response rate. RESULTS: 296 @entity1 with unresectable liver metastases who had undergone 666 DEBIRI treatments were reviewed. 192 treatments were performed in @entity1 who had received prior systemic @entity2600 . 222 treatments were performed in @entity2600 -na  ve @entity1 . The median number of DEBIRI treatments was 1 (range 1-8); median treatment dose was 100  mg (range 50-200  mg), with total hepatic treatment of approximately 100  mg (range 20/30-200/300  mg). All-grade adverse events occurred in 18  % of @entity1 receiving prior systemic @entity2600 compared with 15  % of @entity1 receiving no prior systemic @entity2600 (including chemo-na  ve @entity1 ). Response rates in @entity1 with prior systemic @entity2600 were 44  % at 3  months, 43  % at 6  months, and 44  % at 12  months, compared with 45, 40, and 35  % during the same time point in @entity1 without prior systemic @entity2600 . All-grade adverse events occurred in 10, 20, 10, and 37  % of @entity1 receiving 0, 1, 2, and 3+ lines of systemic chemotherapy, respectively. Overall survival was 90  %, 93  %, 90  %, 90  % at 6  months and 76  %, 71  %, 77  %, 87  % at 12  months in @entity1 undergoing DEBIRI therapy after receiving 0, 1, 2, and 3+ lines of systemic chemotherapy, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The safety and efficacy of hepatic arterial drug-eluting @entity2600 bead (DEBIRI) therapy are not affected by non-response to prior systemic @entity2600 . While DEBIRI complete response rates are greatest and overall adverse events are least in chemotherapy-na  ve individuals, it retains its respectable efficacy and low rate of serious adverse events even in the setting of previous administration of systemic chemotherapy.

title: Efficacy and @entity137 of Hepatic Intra-Arterial Drug-Eluting ( @entity2600 ) Bead (DEBIRI) Therapy in XXXX -Refractory Unresectable Colorectal Liver Metastases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity2600 :: (MESH:C051890,Chemical) :: ['Irinotecan']


abstract: @entity493 aminotransaminase (ALT) has been identified from bacteria to plants to animals including @entity1 . The increase in serum ALT is regarded as an index for clinical diagnosis of liver function in @entity1 . However, ALT elevation is also reported in @entity99 conditions and in apparently healthy @entity1 , suggesting it may play a fundamental role physiologically. Herein we isolated an alt homolog, Amphialt, from @entity23251 japonicus, an intermediatary species from invertebrates to vertebrates, which encoded a polypeptide of 500 @entity1522 with more than 62 and 52% sequence identity to vertebrate and invertebrate ALT isoenzymes, respectively. It was constitutively expressed in many tissues including the hepatic caecum, the precursor of liver, and its expression in the caecum was significantly up-regulated by challenge with lipopolysaccharides (LPS). Strikingly, recombinant AmphiALT, with a specific activity of 0.114  0.02U/mg, was capable of specifically binding to the Gram-negative bacteria @entity526 and @entity1678 and to their conserved molecule LPS, as well as inhibiting the growth of @entity526 and causing its lysis. In contrast, AmphiALT did not bind to the Gram-positive bacteria Staphyloccocus aureus and @entity3881 as well as their conserved molecule LTA. In addition, a high homology noted between @entity23251 and @entity1 ALT sequences suggested a functional conservation of ALT evolutionarily, hinting at the clue that @entity1 ALT may also play an antibacterial role similar to that of AmphiALT. Taken together, it is proposed that AmphiALT is an immune-relevant molecule capable of identifying LPS and causing damage to Gram-negative bacteria like @entity526 and A. hydrophila. It also bolsters the notion that the hepatic caecum of @entity23251 is the precursor of vertebrate liver, acting as a major tissue in acute phase response.

title: An ancient molecule with novel function: XXXX aminotransferase as a lipopolysaccharide binding protein with bacteriocidal activity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'humans', 'people']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity3881 :: ('1423', 'Species') :: ['Bacillus subtilis']

entities_list: @entity1678 :: ('644', 'Species') :: ['Aeromonas hydrophila']

entities_list: @entity23251 :: ('7740', 'Species') :: ['amphioxus', 'Branchiostoma']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['non-liver injury']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['Alanine']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity493 :: (CHEBI:16449,Chemical) :: ['Alanine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) is widely used for immunosuppressive therapy in renal transplantation, but comparative data regarding efficacy and safety in paediatric vs. adult kidney allograft recipients in one and the same study are lacking. METHODS: We therefore performed this subgroup analysis of the FDCC trial, a 12-month, prospective, randomised study, comparing fixed-dose (FD) with concentration-controlled (CC) @entity2098 dosing in paediatric and adult renal transplant recipients. Sixty-two paediatric and 839 adult de novo @entity1 in 19 countries were randomised 1:1 to receive fixed-dose or concentration-controlled @entity2098 therapy in combination with calcineurin inhibitors and corticosteroids. RESULTS: Both @entity1 and allograft survival proved to be excellent in paediatric @entity1 (98.4% and 90.3%) and adults (96.8% and 95.0%). The rates of biopsy-proven acute rejections (BPAR) and treated acute rejection episodes (ARE) were comparable between paediatric (12.9% and 17.7%) and adult @entity1 (15.5% and 20.7%). Transplant function at 12 months post-transplant was similar in paediatric (67.8    45.6 mL/min/1.73 m2;) and adult recipients (64.7    23.3 mL/min/1.73 m2;). @entity1 < 6 years (n = 10) exhibited a numerically higher frequency of leucocytopaenia (20%), @entity294 (40%) and @entity353 (10%) than older @entity1 (6-18 years; 5.8%, 28.8% and 1.9%) and adults (16.1%, 24.7% and 1.5%). On the whole, the percentage of @entity1 who experienced adverse events causing interruption of @entity2098 therapy were numerically lower in @entity1 (4.8%) than in adults (12.5%). Conclusions. The overall efficacy and tolerability of @entity2098 appear to be comparable between paediatric and adult @entity1 . Further studies are needed to validate these results.

title: Comparison of XXXX efficacy and safety in paediatric vs. adult renal transplantation: subgroup analysis of the randomised, multicentre FDCC trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhoea']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['Mycophenolate mofetil']

answer: @entity2098 :: (CHEBI:8764,Chemical) :: ['MMF']


abstract: We have investigated the direct effects of interferon (IFN) on hairy cells (HCs) isolated from @entity1 with @entity5734 using one- and two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. We have previously characterized the induction of synthesis of 10-16 specific proteins by @entity4020 b in HCs, as analyzed by one-dimensional electrophoresis. By two-dimensional electrophoresis, we have now confirmed this induction and shown that the synthesis of the same number of specific proteins is down-regulated in HCs exposed to @entity4020 2b. When compared to HCs, fewer proteins are induced by @entity4020 b in other normal, or neoplastic, lymphoid cells. We also report that protein induction occurs in HCs exposed in vivo to @entity4020 2b. We have demonstrated the presence of tubuloreticular structures in the cytoplasm of HCs exposed to @entity4020 b in vitro, using transmission electron microscopy. We now report that these too are seen in HCs exposed to IFN in vivo during therapy. We investigated the effects of @entity379 on HCs and found that it also induces specific proteins. The pattern of induced proteins is distinctly different after @entity379 exposure in vitro. The fact that such induction occurs suggests that HCs possess also a receptor for @entity379 . These results demonstrate that there are direct effects of @entity4020 on HCs and that such direct effects might be important in the antitumor activity of @entity4020 in @entity5734 .

title: Action of interferons in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5734 :: ('MESH:D007943', 'Disease') :: ['hairy cell leukemia']

answer: @entity5734 :: (MESH:D007943,Disease) :: ['hairy cell leukemia']


abstract: @entity3034 is the gold standard for treatment of @entity191 ( @entity191 ). However, the drug produces some serious side effects, including @entity910 , which is characterized by repetitive involuntary movements-including @entity4790 . In the present preclinical study using a nonhuman primate model, @entity910 caused by repeated @entity3034 administration was investigated in the context of behavioral sensitization by objectively quantifying motor activity in the @entity7533 of @entity191 model (the Parkinsonian marmoset). Twelve male Parkinsonian marmosets previously treated with @entity5212 ( @entity5212 ) and six intact male marmosets were used. The motor activity of each marmoset was measured using infrared sensors attached to each individual living cage. Parkinsonian marmosets (n=6) exhibited behavioral sensitization (enhanced motor activity) in 10weeks upon oral administration of @entity3034 (10mg/kg per day on 3days/week). These animals also exhibited @entity910 characterized by repetitive rapid movements including @entity4790 in 6-10weeks. Neither behavioral sensitization nor @entity910 was observed in Parkinsonian marmosets given vehicle and in intact marmosets given @entity3034 at the same dose (both n=6 each). Behavioral sensitization was detected sensitively and objectively on motor activity only in Parkinsonian marmosets given repeated @entity3034 at a similar dose used in @entity191 @entity1 . The behavioral feature of the marmosets was @entity910 similar to that of @entity191 @entity1 but appeared earlier than would be manifested in @entity1 . In spite of statistically significant behavioral sensitization, some marmosets did not exhibit @entity910 in the present limited @entity3034 administration period. Although both commonalities and differences may exist between behavioral sensitization and @entity910 , behavioral sensitization is considered to be an objective, quantitative, sensitive and predictive measure of behavioral mechanism underlying @entity910 in preclinical studies in evaluating compounds.

title: @entity3034 -induced behavioral sensitization of motor activity in the @entity5212 -treated XXXX as a @entity191 model.

entities_list: @entity5212 :: ('MESH:D015632', 'Chemical') :: ['MPTP', '1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinesia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD']

entities_list: @entity7533 :: ('9483', 'Species') :: ['common marmoset']

answer: @entity7533 :: (9483,Species) :: ['common marmoset']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Primary @entity344 are uncommon, and the clinicopathological determinants of survival remain unclear. In order to correlate clinical presentation, pathological assessment, and treatment with outcome, we have analyzed our institution's recent experience with these @entity5 . METHODS: Records of adult @entity1 admitted to our institution between July 1982 and December 1991 were reviewed. RESULTS: During this period, 38 adult @entity1 (> 16 years of age) were admitted to our institution with a primary @entity344 . They accounted for 2% of all adult sarcoma admissions during that period. The study population was composed of 26 @entity1 and 12 @entity1 . Ages ranged from 29 to 82 years (mean 59). Disease was localized to the primary site in 30 @entity1 (81%). The stomach was the most frequent site of disease (20 cases). The small bowel was affected in nine cases (five duodenum, four jejunum) and the large bowel in nine cases (two colon, seven rectum). Ninety-two percent of @entity1 were symptomatic at presentation. A complete resection was performed in 27 cases, incomplete resection in seven cases, and biopsy only in the remaining three @entity1 . Nine @entity1 received @entity632 -based chemotherapy. @entity1822 (n = 35) was the predominant histological diagnosis. Twenty-six @entity5 were classified as high grade (68%) and 12 as low grade (32%). Overall actuarial 5-year survival was 28% (median follow-up 26 months). Weight loss (p = 0.02) and @entity158 at presentation (p = 0.05) were adverse prognostic factors. Histological grade (p = 0.0002), completeness/extent of surgical resection (p = 0.005), or small bowel primary site were significant determinants of overall survival. The resection of contiguous organs did not affect survival if the primary @entity5 was completely excised (p = 0.422). Age, race, sex, presentation (prior surgery), @entity5 size, or adjuvant therapy were not significant prognostic factors. Recurrence was noted in 44% after complete resection, and mean time to recurrence was 9 months (median 7, range < 1-37). Hepatic metastases (42%) and local recurrence (42%) were the predominant sites of initial failure. For @entity1 with a complete resection, grade was the major prognostic determinant (5-year survival: high grade/complete resection 18% vs. low grade/complete resection 72%, p = 0.002). CONCLUSION: The prognosis of @entity344 is poor. Complete surgical excision is the optimal therapy. However, our results suggest that surgery alone is inadequate for high-grade @entity5 . We believe that these @entity1 should be considered candidates for investigational adjuvant therapies.

title: Primary XXXX : analysis of prognostic variables.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal sarcoma', 'gastrointestinal sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['Leiomyosarcoma']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal sarcomas']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the early variation of clinical periodontal indexes and Porphyronwnas gingivulis (Pgingivalis) in subgingival plaques of orthodontic adults. METHODS: 11 orthodontic adults were selected. Clinical periodontal indexes of observed teeth were examined at three different time points: Before orthodontic treatment, the first month after treatment and the third month after treatment, and subgingival plaques were collected simultaneously at each time point. Clinical periodontal indexes included four ones: Plaque index (PU), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), @entity92 ( @entity92 ), and @entity6730 . We used real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to detect and quantitate the number of total bacteria and @entity2523 in each sample to obtain positive rate of @entity2523 and the percentage of P. @entity348 . RESULTS: PLI and SBI of the first and third month were more than that of the baseline (P < 0.05). @entity92 rose at the first month after treatment (P < 0.05), and then dropped at the third month. @entity92 of all the 11 @entity1 was lower than 2 mm. No @entity6730 was found. The positive rate of P.gingivolis was stable (45.5%) and the proportion of Pgingivalis had no significant difference (p > 0.05) at each time point. CONCLUSION: Fixed orthodontic appliances caused plaque accumulation, accordingly slight gingiva @entity32 and the increasement of @entity2523 occurred in the early stage, hut none @entity2521 was found.

title: [Quantitative study of XXXX in subgingival plaques of orthodontic adults].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity6730 :: ('MESH:D017622', 'Disease') :: ['attachment loss']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity348 :: ('MESH:C535338', 'Disease') :: ['gingiaalis in total bacteria']

entities_list: @entity92 :: ('MESH:D007222', 'Disease') :: ['PD', 'probing depth']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity2523 :: ('837', 'Species') :: ['P.gingivalis']

answer: @entity2523 :: (837,Species) :: ['porphyromonas gingivalis']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Conventional treatment of @entity2003 in @entity8322 ( @entity8322 ) in young @entity1 includes a preliminary @entity1347 ( @entity1347 ) followed by posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation ( @entity21186 ). However, recently there are more trends to do posterior-only surgery for correction of this deformity. The aim of our study was to compare clinical and radiological outcomes of @entity1347 / @entity21186 and @entity21186 -only procedures in treatment of @entity8322 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a prospective clinical and radiological review, thirty operated @entity8322 @entity1 in two groups were evaluated. Group A: @entity1347 / @entity21186 technique (n: 16) and group B: @entity21186 -only procedure (n: 14) were followed for at least 2  years (average 57.6  months). Two groups were well matched for the following four criteria: average age, flexibility status, posterior fusion levels, and preoperative Cobb's @entity1513 angle. @entity717 index (ODI) and @entity1635 research society questionnaire-30 (SRS-30) and radiological ( @entity1513 correction, correction loss, sagittal balance) parameters were evaluated before and after surgery and at the final follow-up. RESULTS: In group A, primary thoracic Cobb's @entity1513 , immediate post-operative @entity1513 , and final follow-up @entity1513 angle were 83.6  , 41.4   and 43  , respectively (P  <  0.05). Correction rate and correction loss were 50.5  % and 1.6        2.4, respectively. In group B, the corresponding values were 81.9  , 40.1   and 43.2  , respectively (P  <  0.05). Correction rate and correction loss were 51  % and 3.1        2.5, respectively. SRS-30 and ODI scores in group A were averaged 68.5 and 21.3 preoperatively and 128.7 and 6.25 at the final follow-up, respectively. In group B, the corresponding values were 64 and 23.2 preoperatively and 133.5 and 5.8 at the final follow-up, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical and radiological parameters were similar in both groups after surgical correction while, complication rates, operation time and @entity190 were significantly higher in @entity1347 / @entity21186 procedure.

title: Comparison of XXXX correction by combined anterior-posterior fusion versus posterior-only procedure.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2003 :: ('MESH:D009127', 'Disease') :: ['rigid deformity']

entities_list: @entity8322 :: ('MESH:D012544', 'Disease') :: ["Scheuermann's kyphosis", 'SK']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['ASF', 'anterior spinal release and fusion']

entities_list: @entity1635 :: ('MESH:D012600', 'Disease') :: ['scoliosis']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Oswestry disability']

answer: @entity8322 :: (MESH:D012544,Disease) :: ['Scheuermann's kyphosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to describe if and when a sample of @entity131 ( @entity131 ) @entity1 could finish their time of sick leave during a 4-year follow up and to explore which factors that influenced the time for sick leave. MATERIALS AND METHODS: All @entity1 , 1999-2002, between 18 and 64 years of age (250 in total), admitted to the emergency room and diagnosed according to ICD 10 as S062 and S063, were included. Demographic data were gathered from medical charts and data concerning sick leave 1 year before @entity130 and 4 years after @entity130 , were collected from the Swedish social insurance system. To explore predictors of sick leave, two logistic regressions were performed. RESULTS: The sample (mean age 39.68) consisted of 78% @entity1 . More than half of the accidents were due to fall. In the sample, 28 % was on sick leave on the day of @entity130 and 96 % of these were still on sick leave 4 years after @entity130 , compared with 39 % in the group not on sick leave on the day of @entity131 . Sick leave at the day for @entity130 was found to be a predictor for sick leave 4 years after @entity130 for the whole group (p = 0.000) together with Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) (p = 0.002) and length of stay (p = 0.049). In the logistic regression with only the group not on sick leave, the only significant variable was GCS (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: The findings support the necessity to consider premorbid and social factors in the @entity131 rehabilitation.

title: Sick leave after XXXX . The @entity1 or the diagnosis--which has greater impact?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

answer: @entity131 :: (MESH:D001930,Disease) :: ['traumatic brain injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inferior oblique recession (IOR), superior oblique tucking or advancement (SOT) and a combination of both (SOT_IOR) are most popular as treatments for acquired @entity6125 . Recently, it has been reported that results of a modified SOT technique and SOT_IOR were nearly equivalent. We investigated the effects of SOT and SOT_IOR in 37 @entity1 with unilateral acquired isolated N.IV palsy. METHODS: Retrospective study of @entity1 with unilateral acquired N.IV palsy who were operated at the University Hospitals of Giessen (1996 to 2007) and Essen (2003 to 2007). Examinations with Harms' tangent scale (2.5 m, dark red glass in front of non-paretic eye) were performed before and 3 months after pure SOT or SOT + IOR. When the palsy was on OS, squint angles were transformed corresponding to palsy on @entity5771 . MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: horizontal, vertical and cyclotorsional deviations in nine diagnostic gaze directions and the field of binocular fusion. RESULTS: In total, it was possible to examine 37 @entity1 3 months post surgery: 16 had received pure SOT, and 21 SOT_IOR. Preoperative deviations did not differ significantly between the pure SOT and SOT_IOR groups. Dosage was 6 to 8 mm for pure SOT (median, 8) and 8 to 18 mm (median, 11) for SOT_IOR (with 4 to 8 mm SOT). At 3 months, elevation @entity10721 was less severe with pure SOT compared to SOT_IOR, but at the same time the effect on the vertical deviation was less pronounced. CONCLUSION: Additional IOR augments the effect of SOT, but also its side-effects, i.e. consecutive @entity10302 .

title: Superior oblique tucking with versus without additional inferior oblique recession for acquired XXXX .

entities_list: @entity10721 :: ('MESH:C562949', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency in adduction']

entities_list: @entity10302 :: ('MESH:D018437', 'Disease') :: ["Brown's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity6125 :: ('MESH:D020432', 'Disease') :: ['trochlear nerve (N.IV) palsy']

answer: @entity6125 :: (MESH:D020432,Disease) :: ['trochlear nerve palsy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The objective of this study was to confirm whether an association between handedness and the side of symptom onset exists and to evaluate the impact of this association on specific clinical characteristics of @entity191 ( @entity191 ). METHODS: 1173 @entity191 @entity1 were identified from a clinical database. @entity1 with asymmetrical onset (n=1015) were divided into those with dominant-side onset and those with non-dominant-side onset, and the clinical characteristics of the two subgroups were compared. RESULTS: In our @entity191 sample, 86.5% of @entity1 presented asymmetrically. There was a significant association between handedness and the side of the initial symptom; that is, the dominant side was affected first in the majority of both left- and right-handed @entity1 . Compared with @entity1 with non-dominant side onset, more @entity1 with dominant-side onset presented with @entity2845 , while fewer @entity1 presented with gait difficulty. @entity1 with dominant-side onset were diagnosed and began dopaminergic medication after a longer symptom duration than @entity1 with non-dominant-side onset. The only difference in Unified @entity191 Rating Scale scores between the two groups was in a subscore addressing dominant-hand tasks. CONCLUSIONS: An association exists between the dominant hand and the side of the initial motor symptom in @entity191 . Whether the initial symptom occurs on the dominant or non-dominant side has implications for the reported first symptom, the time to diagnosis and the time to dopaminergic treatment initiation. The side of disease onset does not affect the severity of disease, as measured by the Unified @entity191 Rating Scale.

title: Handedness and motor symptom asymmetry in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2845 :: ('MESH:D018476', 'Disease') :: ['bradykinesia']

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ["Parkinson's disease", 'PD', 'Parkinson Disease']

answer: @entity191 :: (MESH:D010300,Disease) :: ['Parkinson's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity13296 is an opportunistic @entity364 mainly affecting @entity1 with @entity6 , @entity465 , and @entity5 . The majority of cases in which it has been reported as a posttransplantation complication have been after renal or liver transplantation. There are few instances of rhino- @entity1244 and @entity2694 complicating heart transplantation. CASE REPORT: A 38-year-old @entity6 @entity1 who had undergone heart transplantation returned to the transplantation follow-up clinic 20 days after a successful operation with unilateral periorbital swelling, nasal discharge, and @entity129 . Multidisciplinary investigations resulted in detection of @entity2583 in the paranasal sinuses and the orbital space, as well as a @entity715 of the cavernous sinus. Surgical ablation of the infected parts, along with antifungal treatment and adjustment of immunosuppressive maintenance, restricted extension of the craniofacial involvement. Allograft function remained undisturbed. CONCLUSION: Early detection of @entity1292 in transplant recipients plays a big role in preventing dissemination. @entity364 , including @entity13296 , should be considered for recipients, especially those with risk factors, such as @entity6 , who present with local unusual manifestations. Sinonasal and @entity2694 , if diagnosed in timely fashion, can be managed to reduce mortality. Although devastation of one-side facial and ophthalmic structures was inevitable in this case, the overall outcome was acceptable.

title: Extensive sino-orbital XXXX after heart transplantation: a case report.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'man']

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity129 :: ('MESH:D003389', 'Disease') :: ['multiple cranial nerve dysfunctions']

entities_list: @entity2583 :: ('MESH:D009091', 'Disease') :: ['mucormycosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity13296 :: ('MESH:D020096', 'Disease') :: ['zygomycosis', 'Zygomycosis']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital mucormycosis']

entities_list: @entity364 :: ('MESH:D009181', 'Disease') :: ['Fungal infections', 'fungal infection']

entities_list: @entity465 :: ('MESH:D007153', 'Disease') :: ['immunodeficiency']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infections']

answer: @entity13296 :: (MESH:D020096,Disease) :: ['zygomycosis']


abstract: We have shown that NK-TR1, a protein containing a cyclophilin-like domain, is associated with a receptor/triggering molecule on the surface of @entity1 large granular lymphocytes (1). In the present study, we have further defined the role of NK-TR1 in target cell recognition/killing by generating antisense NK-TR1 transfectants in the @entity35 LGL cell line, RNK-16. Stable transfectants were identified by analyzing permeabilized cells with the anti-NK-TR1 mAb, 4F9. Transfectants with low levels of 4F9 staining showed drastically reduced levels of killing against three NK-susceptible target cell lines. Lytic activity against @entity6621 -infected cell lines also was dramatically reduced. In contrast, transfected cells showing normal levels of NK-TR1 expression demonstrated normal killing of all target cells. The ability of all transfectants to form conjugates was identical to that observed with the wild-type RNK cell line. Lectin-dependent @entity137 , reverse @entity14114 via NKR-PI, and @entity14114 -mediated killing were comparable in both high or low NK-TR1 expressing clones, demonstrating that the lytic machinery was still intact. BLT-esterase activity, PF levels, and surface marker phenotype were not significantly affected. These results provide strong evidence that NK-TR1 is an essential element in a signaling pathway leading to MHC unrestricted killing of @entity5 and virus-infected cells.

title: Selective loss of NK @entity137 in antisense NK-TR1 XXXX LGL cell lines. Abrogation of antibody-independent @entity5 and virus-infected target cell killing.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity6621 :: ('10245', 'Species') :: ['vaccinia virus']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Cephalotaxus spp. are known to possess anticancer potential. In this present work, for the first time the effects of C. griffithii needle ( @entity10399 ) extracts on @entity1 @entity5 cells were examined. METHODS: The @entity10399 was successively extracted with @entity8144 (PE), @entity1324 and @entity1042 . The extracts were tested for its effect on proliferation of @entity5 cells ( @entity98 assay on HeLa, ZR751 and HepG2). Extract that showed the maximum growth inhibitory effect was subjected for mechanism of action study. These included apoptosis (morphological and DNA fragmentation assay), cell cycle (flow cytometry), caspase expression (Western blot) and activity (assay kit), @entity876 (western blot and @entity876 siRNA interference) and telomerase expression (reverse transcriptase PCR) analysis. RESULTS: Among the extracts, PE extract induced maximum @entity137 , with @entity204 occurred in ZR751 cells. Since, PE extract induced cell @entity204 was highest among the @entity10399 extracts, with maximum @entity5 cell @entity204 occurred in ZR751 cells; we carried out mechanism study of PE extract induced ZR751 cell @entity204 . It was observed that PE extract induced ZR751 cell @entity204 was associated with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis by activating both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. Knock down study revealed that @entity876 is essential for loss of ZR751 cell viability induced by PE extract. Further, PE extract down-regulated @entity2215 , @entity7066 , and @entity517 expression. Thin layer chromatography analysis indicated the presence of unique phytochemicals in PE extract. CONCLUSION: Based on the observations, we concluded that PE extract of C. griffithii needle contains important phyto-components with multiple cellular targets for control of @entity0 and is worthy of future studies.

title: Cephalotaxus griffithii Hook.f. needle extract induces cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and suppression of @entity2215 and @entity7066 expression on XXXX @entity0 cells.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1042 :: ('MESH:D000432', 'Chemical') :: ['methanol']

entities_list: @entity8144 :: ('MESH:C004544', 'Chemical') :: ['petroleum ether']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['death', 'highest death']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: beta-Glucans are naturally occurring polysaccharides that are the major cell wall components of fungi. Recognition of beta-glucans is mediated through a membrane-bound pattern recognition receptor called @entity9651 , and gene knock-out studies have shown that @entity9651 plays an important role in antifungal immune response in vivo. In this report, we have studied the effect of large particulate (1,3)-beta-glucans, including curdlan, glucan from @entity375 , paramylon, and zymosan, on inflammatory response in @entity1 macrophages. We show that beta-glucans activate the transcription of the proinflammatory cytokine @entity1356 through a @entity9651 -dependent pathway in @entity1 macrophages. Moreover, @entity9651 receptor associated @entity10255 @entity669 kinase was essential for beta-glucan induced @entity1356 mRNA expression. In contrast to @entity558 , beta-glucans also strongly activated the secretion of @entity1356 . This beta-glucan triggered @entity1356 release was abolished by cytochalasin D, an inhibitor of phagocytosis, demonstrating that cytosolic recognition of beta-glucans is required for @entity1356 response in @entity1 macrophages. RNA interference-mediated gene knockdown experiments demonstrated that cytoplasmic @entity5704 inflammasome is essential for beta-glucan-induced @entity1356 secretion. Moreover, our results suggest that beta-glucan-induced @entity5704 inflammasome activation is dependent on the @entity9651 / @entity10255 signaling pathway. Furthermore, our results suggest that the lysosomal @entity467 protease, the formation of reactive @entity26 species, and the efflux of @entity972 are needed for beta-glucan-induced @entity5704 inflammasome activation. In conclusion, our results show that beta-glucans are recognized by membrane-associated @entity9651 and cytoplasmic @entity5704 inflammasome resulting in @entity1356 gene transcription and @entity1356 secretion in @entity1 macrophages, respectively.

title: (1,3)-beta-glucans activate both XXXX and @entity5704 inflammasome in @entity1 macrophages.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ["baker's yeast"]

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

answer: @entity9651 :: (64581,Gene) :: ['dectin-1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To develop a questionnaire for the evaluation of sexuality of male @entity1 with @entity4932 ( @entity4932 ). METHODS: A cohort of male @entity1 with rheumatoid factor (RF)-negative polyarticular @entity4932 according to the 2004 revised ILAR criteria and inactive disease was studied. The Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) was applied to all @entity1 . As a control group, 120 age-matched males of the same socioeconomic status were evaluated. A self-administered structured instrument, the Male Sexual Evaluation Questionnaire (MSEQ), was developed by multiprofessional experts to assess sexual life, including satisfaction, practice, and related functional aspects. RESULTS: Thirty-two male @entity1 with RF-negative polyarticular @entity4932 [mean age 20.8+/-3.8 yrs (range 16-26), mean disease duration 15.4+/-3.6 yrs (range 13-20)] were studied. Mean HAQ score was 1.25+/-0.67 (range 0.1-2.1). Masturbation was practiced similarly by @entity1 and controls (87.5% vs 91%; p>0.999), although joint @entity158 was observed in only 2 (7%) @entity1 . Regular sexual intercourse (>or=once/week) was reported by 78% of @entity1 and 62% of controls (p=0.86). Joint @entity158 during intercourse was more frequent in @entity1 (48% vs 3% in controls; p<0.001). The mean HAQ score was higher in the 12 @entity1 with joint @entity158 (hips=3, knees=5, and hips+knees=4) during intercourse compared to the 13 @entity1 without joint @entity158 (1.82+/-0.27 vs 1.43+/-0.32; p<0.05). Preserved desire and satisfaction were universal findings for all @entity4932 @entity1 and controls. CONCLUSION: The MSEQ was applicable to this cohort of male @entity1 with RF-negative polyarticular @entity4932 and showed that sexual life is preserved despite longterm disease, @entity409 , and joint @entity158 .

title: Effect of musculoskeletal pain on sexuality of male adolescents and adults with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['morbidity/functional dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4932 :: ('MESH:D001171', 'Disease') :: ['JIA', 'juvenile idiopathic arthritis']

answer: @entity4932 :: (MESH:D001171,Disease) :: ['juvenile idiopathic arthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: From October 1989 to June 1998, 60 @entity1 have undergone the Norwood procedure (stage I) at our institution. The results of the staged surgical reconstruction and risk factors were analysed. Typical @entity1699 ( @entity1699 ) and @entity75 with aortic @entity509 were compared with each other. @entity1 : Typical @entity1699 : N = 48, median age 15 days (5-190 days), median weight 3.6 kg (2.6-5.3 kg). Complex lesions (dominant left ventricle): N = 12, median age 59 days (10-884 days), median weight 3.4 kg (2.4-12 kg). RESULTS: Typical @entity1699 : The stage-I hospital survival was 73% (35/48). It improved from 60% (95% confidence interval: 49-71%) during 1989-1994 to 91% (95% CI: 81-100%) during 1997-1998. Seven @entity1 were lost late. The right ventricular end diastolic diameter (P = 0.015), shortening fraction (P = 0.027), and the presence of an obstructed @entity1700 (P = 0.0032) were significant risk factors. 23 @entity1 underwent stage-II operation with four (17%) @entity204 . All survivors experienced an improvement of their statomotoric development. Stage-III operation was performed in 13 @entity1 with no @entity204 . Follow up after stage-III procedure was 7 months to 7 years. 4 year actuarial survival, including hospital mortality and @entity204 at subsequent stages, improved from 28% (95% CI: 18-38%) during 1989-1994 to 58% (95% CI: 48-68%) during 1994-1997. No @entity1 had signs of @entity296 . Complex lesions: Stage-I hospital survival was 83% (10/12) with no late @entity204 . Stage-II was performed in 8 and stage-III in 6 @entity1 with no @entity204 respectively. CONCLUSION: In typical @entity1699 the results have improved over time. Both size and function of the right ventricle determined significantly stage-I survival. An early operation prevents the natural progression of pulmonary blood flow and may weaken all three risk factors. @entity1 with @entity75 seemed to have better chances of surviving the early postoperative period. The multistage reconstructions have become a realistic option for @entity1 with @entity1699 and similar lesions, regardless of the morphologic subtype or diminutiveness of the aorta, and lead to an acceptable quality of life.

title: Results after Norwood procedure and subsequent cavopulmonary anastomoses for typical XXXX and similar complex cardiovascular malformations.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1700 :: ('MESH:D012587', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary venous return']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['complex lesions']

entities_list: @entity1699 :: ('MESH:D018636', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome', 'HLHS']

entities_list: @entity509 :: ('MESH:C538429', 'Disease') :: ['hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['hospital death', 'death', 'deaths']

answer: @entity1699 :: (MESH:D018636,Disease) :: ['hypoplastic left heart syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility, safety, and symptomatic efficacy of intra-articular Hylan G-F 20 in @entity1 with @entity571 and an intact rotator cuff. METHODS: Open-label, prospective, multicenter study in @entity1 with @entity158 scores on a visual analog scale (VAS) between 40/100 and 90/100. An intra-articular injection of 2 ml of Hylan G-F 20 was given under fluoroscopic guidance. A second injection was given after 1, 2, or 3 months in the event of inadequate @entity158 relief. The primary evaluation criterion was the VAS @entity158 score 3 months after the first injection. Follow-up was 6 months. RESULTS: Of 39 included @entity1 , 33 received a first injection and, among these, 16 received a second injection; 29 @entity1 completed the study. No serious or severe treatment-related adverse events were recorded. There were 10 mild or moderate adverse events in eight @entity1 . The mean VAS @entity158 score decreased from 61.2 mm at baseline to 37.1 mm after 3 months (P<0.001), and the decrease was larger in the subgroup that required a single injection. CONCLUSION: This prospective study shows that treatment with one or two intra-articular injections of Hylan GF 20 in @entity1 who have @entity571 and an intact cuff is feasible, safe, and probably effective. Viscosupplementation using Hylan G-F 20 may constitute a helpful treatment option in @entity1 who have @entity571 with an intact rotator cuff.

title: Efficacy and safety of Hylan G-F 20 in XXXX with an intact rotator cuff. Open-label prospective multicenter study.

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['shoulder osteoarthritis']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['shoulder osteoarthritis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The terminology used to describe @entity22567 and sex differentiation was revised in 2006. It was anticipated that new terms, such as ' @entity4998 ' (DSD), would improve communication between health professionals, aid parental understanding and be acceptable to affected individuals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the success of the new terminology. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Using a questionnaire, we evaluated the acceptance of these new terms by parents of @entity1 with a DSD (n = 19), health professionals (n = 15) and parents of unaffected @entity1 (n = 25). RESULTS: Comparing the term 'DSD' to 'intersex', overall 86.4% of @entity1 preferred the term 'DSD', and parents of a @entity1 with a DSD had an even higher preference (94.7%). Parents of an affected @entity1 considered the new term to improve their understanding of their @entity1 's condition (83.3%), and to aid explanation by parent to affected @entity1 (82.4%) and to wider family and friends (84.2%). Health professionals preferred the genotype-based terms, whereas parents considered these terms confusing. Overall, 59.3% of @entity1 agreed DSD was an acceptable new term. CONCLUSIONS: There was broad support for the new terminology by parents and health professionals. The description ' @entity4998 ' may be helpful to parents at the time when it is not possible to assign gender, after which aetiologically based diagnoses should be used where possible.

title: Evaluation of terminology used to describe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity4998 :: ('MESH:D012734', 'Disease') :: ['disorder of sex development', 'disorders of sex development']

entities_list: @entity22567 :: ('MESH:D025064', 'Disease') :: ['abnormalities of sex determination']

answer: @entity4998 :: (MESH:D012734,Disease) :: ['disorders of sex development']


abstract: PURPOSE: In a phase I study, the combination of @entity136 and @entity2213 was well tolerated with broad anticancer activity. This phase I trial evaluated the triplet of @entity1205 , @entity136 and @entity2213 . EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: @entity2213 was administered at 400 mg daily on days 1-5, 8-12 and 15-19. @entity136 was started at 600 mg/m(2) at a rate of 10 mg/min on days 3 and 10 and @entity1205 at 30 mg/m(2) on day 10, on a 21-day cycle. Diffusion and dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MRI was performed in selected @entity1 . RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 with relapsed/refractory solid @entity5 were enrolled in this IRB-approved study. The mean age was 64, and mean ECOG PS was 1. Two @entity1 were evaluated by diffusion/perfusion MRI. After two grade 3 hematological @entity137 at dose level 1, the protocol was amended to reduce the dose of @entity2213 . MTDs were 600 mg/ m(2) on days 3 and 10 for @entity136 , 30 mg/ m(2) on day 10 for @entity1205 , and 400 mg daily on days 1-5 and 8-12 for @entity2213 . Dose limiting @entity137 after one cycle were @entity221 , and @entity1143 . The best response achieved was stable disease, for six cycles, in one @entity1 each with @entity2615 and @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) at the MTD. Two @entity1 with @entity1149 had stable disease for four cycles. DISCUSSION: An unexpectedly low MTD for this triplet was identified. Our results suggest drug-drug interactions that amplify @entity137 with little evidence of improved @entity5 control.

title: Phase I study of @entity136 , @entity1205 and XXXX in refractory and relapsed solid @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural and pericardial effusions']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2615 :: ('MESH:D008654', 'Disease') :: ['mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1205 :: ('MESH:C067311', 'Chemical') :: ['docetaxel']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib', 'Imatinib']

answer: @entity2213 :: (MESH:C097613,Chemical) :: ['imatinib']


abstract: Benefits of immediate postinjury nutritional support remain ill defined. Seventy-five consecutive @entity1 undergoing emergent celiotomy with an @entity1661 index (A.T.I.) greater than 15 were randomized prospectively to a control group (no supplemental nutrition during first 5 days) or enteral-fed group. The enteral @entity1 had a needle catheter jejunostomy (N.C.J.) placed at laparotomy with the constant infusion of an elemental diet (Vivonex HN) begun at 18 hours and advanced to 3,000 ml/day (3,000 kcal, 20 gm N2) within 72 hours. Control and enteral-fed groups were comparable with respect to demographic features, @entity130 mechanism, shock, @entity1049 , splenectomy, A.T.I., and initial nutritional assessment. Twenty (63%) of the enteral @entity1 were maintained on the elemental diet greater than 5 days; four (12%) needed total parenteral nutrition (T.P.N.). Nine (29%) of the control @entity1 required T.P.N. @entity1568 balance was markedly improved (p less than 0.001) in the enteral-fed group. Although visceral protein markers and overall complication rate were not significantly different, septic morbidity was greater (p less than 0.025) in the control group ( @entity1320 in seven and @entity55 in two) compared to the enteral-fed @entity1 ( @entity6177 in three). Analysis of @entity1 with A.T.I. 15-40 disclosed @entity295 in seven (26%) of the control versus one (4%) of the enteral-fed group (p less than 0.01). Our clinical experience demonstrates the feasibility of immediate postoperative enteral feeding via N.C.J. after major @entity1661 , and suggests this early nutrition reduces septic complications in critically injured @entity1 .

title: Benefits of immediate jejunostomy feeding after major XXXX --a prospective, randomized study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1568 :: ('MESH:D009584', 'Chemical') :: ['Nitrogen']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity6177 :: ('MESH:D018784', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal abscess']

entities_list: @entity1661 :: ('MESH:D000008', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal trauma']

entities_list: @entity1320 :: ('MESH:D059413', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal infection']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['colon injury']

answer: @entity1661 :: (MESH:D000008,Disease) :: ['abdominal trauma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the levels of @entity167 consumption among 8th grade (EGB) students in Cuenca, including the predisposing circumstances and factors as well as the @entity1 's motivation and attitudes. DESIGN: Descriptive observation study of a cross-sectional [correction of crossover] design. SETTING: Primary Care: the school population of the city of Cuenca. @entity1 AND OTHER @entity1 : 672 school- @entity1 of both sexes in 8th grade (EGB). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: An anonymous questionnaire with 30 closed questions was administered. 60% of the school- @entity1 had consumed @entity167 on some occasion. In 54.94% of cases, friends first invited them to drink @entity167 ; in 33.59%, a family member. 1.4% of the @entity1 admitted to drinking @entity167 daily (2.1% of @entity1 against 0.7% of @entity1 ). 57.3% of fathers, 24.3% of mothers, 25.8% of brothers and 38% of friends consumed @entity167 habitually. 36.9% of the @entity1 did not think that @entity167 was a drug. CONCLUSIONS: The levels of @entity167 consumption in the section of the population studied were high. @entity1 began early and had easy access to alcoholic drinks. The level of consumption in their family and social environment was very high and was related to @entity1 's consumption. These results highlight the need for a preventive programme.

title: [ XXXX consumption in schoolchildren: motivations and attitudes].

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children', 'PATIENTS', 'girls', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'boys']

answer: @entity167 :: (CHEBI:16236,Chemical) :: ['Alcohol']


abstract: @entity957 ( @entity6461 ) of the breast is a rare malignancy whose optimal treatment and prognosis are unknown. A @entity1 with @entity6461 whose @entity5 responded dramatically to chemotherapy as part of multimodal treatment is presented. A 61-year-old @entity1 had a palpable 5.5-cm tender left breast mass with overlying @entity4 and @entity5105 and irregular margins by mammography. Fine needle aspiration revealed malignant squamous cells with keratinization; incisional biopsy confirmed @entity6461 . Extensive evaluation for an extramammary primary site of disease was negative. Neoadjuvant @entity900 and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) led to @entity5 shrinkage and complete resolution of @entity158 and @entity5105 . Modified radical mastectomy with post-operative chest wall radiation were performed. Neither residual invasive @entity189 nor metastatic nodal disease was found, though @entity3821 with marked squamous features was identified. The @entity1 remains @entity66 .5 years after diagnosis. @entity900 -based chemotherapy should be considered in the treatment regimen of this disease.

title: Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the breast: sensitivity to XXXX -based chemotherapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3821 :: ('MESH:D002285', 'Disease') :: ['intraductal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disease-free 2']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['skin edema']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['Primary squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatinum', 'Cisplatinum']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatinum']


abstract: We attempted to elucidate the deficient site of thyroid hormone biosynthesis in the thyroid gland and the mechanism of sustaining normal T3 level in sera of a @entity1 with @entity5651 . TY, a 8-yr-old @entity1 , first noted the onset of a @entity5651 at the age of 2. There was no clinical evidence of @entity1375 except for the slight impairment of intellectual development and the awkward physical activity. BMR, T3-RSU and T4 showed low values (-13%, 20.8% and 2.2 micrograms/dl), but serum T3 was normal (180 ng/dl). Serum TSH was 18 microU/ml. The intrathyroidal T3 and T4 were slightly low. Thyroidal 131I uptake was high, but KSCN discharge test was negative. Percent distribution of 131I labelled @entity1522 in the pancreatin digested thyroid homogenate was 17.4% in MIT, 33.4% in DIT and 11.3% in T3 and T4. Thyroid @entity6893 peroxidase activities in mitochondrial and microsomal fractions were slightly low (19.6 and 26.8 (normal: 32 +/- 3.0 and 37.4 +/- 9.5) mumoles/mg protein). The activity was not increased by the addition of hematin. Thyroglobulin was found to be normal. A biological half life of 131I labelled T4 was shorter (3.5 days) than that of the normal. Electron microscopic examination exhibited the increment and expansion of endoplasmic reticulum in the follicular cell. Low @entity6893 peroxidase activity of this @entity1 may correlate to low T3 and T4 level in the thyroid cell. Moreover, shortened biological half life of T4 implies that normal T3 level in serum is sustained by the accelerated conversion of T4 to T3 in peripheral tissues.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: XXXX sustaining normal level of serum triiodothyronine.

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['hypothyroidism']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity5651 :: ('MESH:D006042', 'Disease') :: ['congenital goiter', 'diffuse goiter']

answer: @entity5651 :: (MESH:D006042,Disease) :: ['Congenital goiter']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with prior @entity583 and additional stenosis in noninfarct-related coronary artery have a high risk of reinfarction. Angina pectoris and exercise electrocardiography have a low sensitivity und specificity in detection of such @entity3979 . We assessed the diagnostic value of tomographic thallium scintigraphy for detection of @entity63 in myocardium not supplied by the infarct-related coronary artery. @entity1 AND METHOD: In 77 @entity1 with prior @entity583 (59 @entity1 with acute @entity1188 , 18 @entity1 with chronic @entity1188 ) sensitivity and specificity of @entity951 , exercise electrocardiography and tomographic thallium scintigraphy was determined. Coronary arteriography was the gold standard method. The predictive value of tomographic thallium scintigraphy was assessed by serial testing. RESULTS: Tomographic thallium scintigraphy detected 40 of 51 @entity1 with significant stenosis in noninfarct-related coronary artery (sensitivity: 78%; positive predictive value: 83%). In 18 of 26 @entity1 with no additional significant stenosis tomographic thallium scintigraphy did not show @entity63 at a distance (specificity: 69%; negative predictive value: 62%). In sequential testing tomographic thallium scintigraphy did not give any additional diagnostic information in @entity1 with @entity951 . In @entity1 without @entity951 exercise electrocardiography had a high positive predictive value (90%), tomographic thallium scintigraphy did not yield a higher positive result. Only in @entity1 without @entity951 and negative exercise electrocardiographic findings tomographic thallium scintigraphy was helpful: 16 of these @entity1 had an additional @entity3979 and were detected by tomographic thallium scintigraphy only (positive predictive value: 75%); in 13 of 17 @entity1 without an additional @entity3979 thallium scintigrams were negative (negative predictive value: 76%). CONCLUSION: The presence of significant @entity3979 in noninfarct-related vessels can be predicted by serial noninvasive testing. Tomographic thallium scintigraphy has its place in postinfarction @entity1 without @entity951 and with negative exercise electrocardiographic findings.

title: [The value of thallium myocardial scintigraphy (single photon emission computerized tomography, SPECT) for diagnosis of XXXX after @entity583 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina pectoris', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']