abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and @entity137 of interferon alfa-2b ( @entity3027 ) following an intensive preparative transplantation regimen in @entity1 with relapsed @entity978 ( @entity978 ) and @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Thirty-two @entity1 with @entity1893 or @entity978 underwent autologous transplantation following @entity786 7,200 mg/m2, @entity3003 1,600 mg/m2, and etoposide 1,600 mg/m2 (CCV). Fourteen @entity1 received an escalating dose of @entity3027 . @entity3027 was started at 1 x 10(6) U/m2 subcutaneously (SC) three times per week with a monthly dose escalation to a maximum of 3 x 10(6) U/m2 SC three times per week. @entity3027 was continued for a total of 6 months. RESULTS: The preparative regiment was well tolerated. @entity8 was noted more frequently in @entity1 with a history of pretransplant @entity900 treatment, and @entity299 was responsible for the single transplant-related @entity204 (3%). @entity3027 was well tolerated with no serious complications. Transient @entity1398 and @entity882 were noted in several @entity1 . The mean maximal-dose @entity3027 achieved was 2 x 10(6) IU/m2. The median duration of treatment with @entity3027 was 5.2 months. The overall probability @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and event-free survival (EFS) at 36 months, with a median follow-up duration of 18 months, was 42% @entity1349 and 14% EFS in @entity978 and 70% @entity1349 and 56% EFS in @entity1893 . The EFS at 36 months was 73% for all @entity1893 @entity1 who received @entity3027 and 50% for @entity1 who refused @entity3027 treatment (P = .12), with @entity1349 estimates of 100% in the @entity3027 group and 35% in the untreated group (P = .0002). CONCLUSION: CCV is a safe, effective conditioning regimen in @entity1 with @entity1893 or @entity978 . Posttransplant @entity3027 can be safely administered at 2.0 x 10(6) U/m2 three times per week for 6 months and may have a meaningful antitumor effect.

title: Phase I/II study of @entity786 , @entity3003 , and etoposide and autologous hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation with posttransplant interferon alfa-2b for XXXX with lymphoma and @entity978 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['HD', "Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'of survival']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Twenty-one @entity1 with primary @entity4776 were studied with computed tomography @entity3990 cisternography. Ten milliliters of @entity3990 at a concentration of 200 mg I/mL was administered intrathecally via the lumbar route. Eleven @entity1 had a partial and 10 a @entity4776 . In six cases the third ventricle had prolapsed to the level of the interclinoid plane. There was no relationship between the clinical presentation and the grade of @entity4776 . The quality of the images obtained was always good or excellent. Cisternographies were performed in all of the @entity1 although in 13 of them the correct diagnosis could have been achieved with a standard contrast-medium-enhanced computed tomography scan. The overall complication rate was 29%. Four @entity1 (19%) had mild @entity10 and @entity390 ; two @entity1 (10%) had more severe side effects: @entity391 , discomfort, and @entity693 . Computed tomographic cisternography with low-concentration @entity3990 is a safe diagnostic procedure that allows a definite visualization of the anatomic alterations that occur in @entity1 with @entity4776 . We think that this procedure should always be employed in symptomatic @entity1 .

title: Computed tomographic cisternography with XXXX in the diagnosis of primary @entity4776 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity4776 :: ('MESH:D004652', 'Disease') :: ['empty sella', 'complete empty sella']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningism']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headaches']

entities_list: @entity3990 :: ('MESH:D007479', 'Chemical') :: ['iopamidol']

answer: @entity3990 :: (MESH:D007479,Chemical) :: ['iopamidol']


abstract: This phase I-II study aimed to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of @entity1311 ( @entity1311 ), infused over 3 hours, when combined with a fixed dose (90 mg/m2) of @entity1259 . Other aims were to investigate the combination's plasma pharmacokinetics, @entity137 , and activity in 50 @entity1 with previously untreated metastatic @entity0 , as well as its ability to mobilize peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs). The initial dose of @entity1311 , 135 mg/m2, was increased by 20 mg/m2 in subsequent cohorts of six @entity1 until dose-limiting @entity137 (DLT) occurred. The DLT of the combination was @entity1398 in two of eight @entity1 who received @entity1311 at 225 mg/m2. The concentration of @entity13643 , the major metabolite of @entity1259 , decreased from 47.3 +/- 9.4 ng/mL at 175 mg/m2 of @entity1311 to 37.9 +/- 7.5 ng/mL at the 225-mg/m2 dose. The most relevant @entity137 was grade 4 @entity1398 (61% of all the courses). @entity1370 included three @entity1 (6%) developing congestive @entity712 responsive to therapy. Among 49 evaluable @entity1 , 41 responses (84%) were observed (95% confidence interval [CI], 70% to 92%) and 9 (19%) of these were complete. In 21 @entity1 , we evaluated the mobilization of PBSCs after this regimen plus a colony-stimulating factor. The median number of @entity2280 + cells was 61.7/microL (range, 6.8 to 201/microL), and a median of 6.3 x 10(6)/kg of @entity2280 + cells have been harvested with a single leukapheresis.

title: XXXX plus @entity1259 in advanced @entity0 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity1259 :: ('MESH:D015251', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel', 'Taxol']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia', 'febrile neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1370 :: ('MESH:D066126', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiac toxicity']

entities_list: @entity13643 :: ('MESH:C046579', 'Chemical') :: ['epirubicinol']

answer: @entity1311 :: (MESH:D017239,Chemical) :: ['Paclitaxel']


abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the relationship between @entity16 and activity participation, @entity158 , @entity308 , and perceived quality of life. METHODS: A total of 49 @entity1 with @entity16 completed standardized measures of activity participation, @entity158 , @entity308 , and quality of life. We analyzed scores for all subjects and for 2 diagnostic groups: @entity1 with @entity7577 and @entity1 with @entity128 (laceration, @entity5 , and @entity2685 ), and explored predictors of overall quality of life. RESULTS: @entity1 had given up 21% of their previous daily activities; greater activity loss was reported in @entity1 with @entity128 . @entity158 was moderate and 39% had signs of @entity308 . Physical and psychological quality of life ratings were below the norms. Activity loss was strongly associated with higher levels of @entity308 and lower physical and psychological quality of life. Higher @entity308 scores correlated strongly with lower overall quality of life. Greater @entity158 correlated moderately with higher @entity308 scores and weakly with quality of life; no statistical relationship was found between @entity158 and physical quality of life. Activity participation and @entity308 predicted 61% of the variance in overall quality of life in @entity1 with @entity16 . CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that hand surgeons and therapists caring for @entity1 with @entity2850 and @entity128 should discuss strategies to improve activity participation, and @entity2531 , to improve overall effect on quality of life throughout the recovery process. @entity308 screening and referral when indicated should be included in the overall treatment plan for @entity1 with @entity16 . TYPE OF STUDY/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Prognostic IV.

title: Effect of @entity16 on activity participation, @entity158 , XXXX , and quality of life.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Participants']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['clinical depression', 'Depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['nerve damage', 'upper extremity nerve damage']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['nerve injury']

entities_list: @entity2850 :: ('MESH:D009408', 'Disease') :: ['nerve compression']

entities_list: @entity7577 :: ('MESH:C536965', 'Disease') :: ['compressive neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['decrease pain and depression']

entities_list: @entity2685 :: ('MESH:C536265', 'Disease') :: ['brachial plexus injury']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported contrasting results regarding the association of polymorphisms in two integrin genes, @entity12974 and @entity1428 , with @entity385 . AIMS: The present study aimed to investigate the correlation between the @entity12974 @entity14683 and @entity1428 @entity14684 polymorphic loci with @entity385 , as well as plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels. STUDY DESIGN: Case control study. METHODS: @entity1 venous blood samples were collected from @entity1 admitted for @entity385 (n=350, ' @entity1 ') and healthy individuals (n=300, 'controls'). Blood was genotyped at these loci by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Plasma lipid and lipoprotein levels were measured by routine enzymatic, masking, and turbidimetry methods. RESULTS: As expected, total @entity165 , @entity1674 , and low-density lipoprotein were all significantly higher in @entity1 than in controls (p<0.05). Genotype and allele frequencies of @entity12974 @entity14683 were significantly different between @entity1 and controls (p<0.05), but no difference was detected in genotype or allele frequencies for @entity9616 @entity14684 . For @entity12974 , the T allele conferred a 1.226 times higher relative risk of @entity385 than the C allele (odds ratio=1.226, 95% confidence interval=1.053-1.428). Similarly, total @entity165 was higher in T allele carriers than in non-carriers (p<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity12974 @entity14683 polymorphism is associated with @entity385 , with the T allele acting as a susceptibility allele that appears to confer increased @entity165 levels.

title: Polymorphism in Integrin @entity12974 is Associated with XXXX and Altered Serum @entity165 in Chinese Individuals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['Ischemic Stroke']


abstract: The correction rate (CR) and fulcrum bending correction index (FBCI) based on the fulcrum bending radiograph (FBR) were parameters introduced to measure the curve correcting ability; however, such parameters do not account for contributions by various, potential extraneous "X-Factors" (e.g. surgical technique, type and power of the instrumentation, anesthetic technique, etc.) involved in curve correction. As such, the purpose of the following study was to propose the concept of the "X-Factor Index" (XFI) as a new parameter for the assessment of the correcting ability of @entity1615 ( @entity1615 ). A historical cohort radiographic analysis of the FBR in the setting of hook systems in @entity1615 @entity1 (Luk et al. in Spine 23:2303-2307, 1998) was performed to illustrate the concept of XFI. Thirty-five @entity1 with @entity1615 of the thoracic spine undergoing surgical correction were involved in the analysis. Plain posteroanterior (PA) plain radiographs were utilized and Cobb angles were obtained for each @entity1 . Pre- and postoperative PA angles on standing radiograph and preoperative fulcrum bending angles were obtained for each @entity1 . The fulcrum flexibility, curve CR, and FBCI were determined for all @entity1 . The difference between the preoperative fulcrum bending angle and postoperative PA angle was defined as Angle(XF), which accounted for the correction contributed by "X-Factors". The XFI, designed to measure the curve correcting ability, was calculated by dividing Angle(XF) by the fulcrum flexibility. The XFI was compared with the curve CR and FBCI by re-evaluating the original data in the original paper (Luk et al. in Spine 23:2303-2307, 1998). The mean standing PA and FBR alignments of the main thoracic curve were 58.3   and 24.5  , respectively. The mean fulcrum flexibility was 58.8%. The mean postoperative standing PA alignment was 24.7  . The mean curve CR was 58.0% and the mean FBCI was 101.1%. The mean XFI was noted as 1.03%. The CR was significantly positively correlated to curve flexibility (r  =  0.66; p  <  0.01).The FBCI (r  =  -0.47; p  =  0.005) and the XFI (r  =  -0.45; p  =  0.007) were significantly negatively correlated to curve flexibility. The CR was not correlated to Angle(XF) (r  =  0.29; p  =  0.089).The FBCI (r  =  0.97; p  <  0.01) and the XFI (r  =  0.961; p  <  0.01) were significantly positively correlated to Angle(XF). Variation in XFI was noted in some cases originally presenting with same FBCI values. The XFI attempts to quantify the curve correcting ability as contributed by "X-Factors" in the treatment of thoracic @entity1615 . This index may be a valued added parameter to accompany the FBCI for comparing curve correction ability among different series of @entity1 , instrumentation, and surgeons. It is recommended that the XFI should be used to document curve correction, compare between different techniques, and used to improve curve correction for the @entity1 .

title: The "X-Factor" index: a new parameter for the assessment of XXXX correction.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1615 :: ('OMIM:181800', 'Disease') :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis', 'AIS']

answer: @entity1615 :: (OMIM:181800,Disease) :: ['adolescent idiopathic scoliosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: Endothelins (ETs) are important regulators of the hepatic microcirculation. We investigated the pure biological roles of endothelin B receptors (ETB-Rs) on hepatic warm @entity63 -reperfusion (I/R) injury using ETB-R deficient spotting lethal (sl) @entity35 . METHODS: Homozygous (sl/sl) and wild-type (+/+) @entity35 were exposed to 60 min of 92% partial @entity99 and then were killed at 2, 6, and 24 h, and 3 and 7 days after reperfusion. We measured the serum @entity493 aminotransferase (ALT) levels to assess hepatocyte injury, and the serum hyaluronic acid (HA) levels and factor VIII-related antigen (FVIIIRAg) staining to assess sinusoidal endothelial cell (SEC) injury. We also measured the concentrations of ET-1 and @entity3542 ( @entity6836 ) and @entity1507 ( @entity8326 ) of liver tissue samples. RESULTS: Although no significant difference was observed in the ALT levels, the HA levels were significantly elevated at an early stage after reperfusion in the sl/sl @entity35 . Regarding FVIIIRAg staining, positive SECs were enhanced in the sl/sl @entity35 . The ET-1 levels were also significantly elevated at an early stage after reperfusion in the sl/sl @entity35 . Regarding the @entity6836 - and @entity8326 - levels, no significant difference was observed. CONCLUSION: @entity10932 was shown to have a protective effect on SECs through the inhibition of ET-1 during hepatic warm I/R injury.

title: Possible protection of sinusoidal endothelial cells by @entity10932 during hepatic warm XXXX -reperfusion.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic ischemia']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity63 :: (MESH:D007511,Disease) :: ['ischemia']


abstract: Mucosal surface of the intestinal tract is continuously exposed to a large number of microorganisms. To manage the substantial microbial exposure, epithelial surfaces produce a diverse arsenal of antimicrobial proteins ( @entity15727 ) that directly kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thus, @entity15727 are important components of innate immunity in the gut mucosa. They are frequently expressed in response to @entity32 and infection. Expression of many @entity15727 , including @entity1 b-defensin 2-4 and cathelicidin, is induced in response to invasion of pathogens or enteric microbiota into the mucosal barrier. In contrast, some @entity15727 , including @entity1 a-defensin 5-6 and @entity1 b-defensin 1, are constitutively expressed without microbial contact or invasion. In addition, specific @entity15727 are reported to be associated with @entity29 ( @entity29 ) due to altered expression of @entity15727 or development of autoantibodies against @entity15727 . The advanced knowledge for @entity15727 expression in @entity29 can lead to its potential use as biomarkers for disease activity. Although the administration of exogenous @entity15727 as therapeutic strategies against @entity29 is still at an early stage of development, augmented induction of endogenous @entity15727 may be another interesting future research direction for the protective and therapeutic purposes. This review discusses new advances in our understanding of how intestinal @entity15727 protect against pathogens and contribute to pathophysiology of @entity29 .

title: Antimicrobial proteins in intestine and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['colonic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel diseases']


abstract: A 52-year-old @entity1 was admitted to the hospital because of abnormal shadow of the left lung. Chest computed tomography (CT) showed a 10.0 x 6.6 cm mass arising from the left chest wall. The diagnosis of grade II @entity511 was made with CT guided percutaneous needle biopsy. At operation, the irregularly-shaped @entity5 was arising from the 7th rib. Chest wall resection and partial resection of the left lower lobe including the @entity5 was performed. Multiple miliary disseminations were noted on the pleura and complete removal of these miliary lesions was impossible. Adjuvant chemotherapy using @entity1012 , @entity3003 and @entity2879 was tried as treatment for @entity1143 . No signs of disease progression have been seen as of 12 months after the operation. Radical excision of @entity511 of the rib including all @entity1143 is difficult. Multidisciplinary approach including resection of a primary @entity5 has potential to improve prognosis in some cell types. And long term follow-up is necessary to determine effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy in this case.

title: [ @entity511 of the rib with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural dissemination']

entities_list: @entity511 :: ('MESH:D002813', 'Disease') :: ['chondrosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

answer: @entity1143 :: (MESH:D010996,Disease) :: ['pleural dissemination']


abstract: PURPOSE: The current @entity5 -node- @entity3 (TNM) classification system has been used for many years. The prognosis of @entity1 with @entity263 ( @entity263 ) treated using primary @entity342 deprivation therapy (PADT) was analyzed according to the TNM classification. METHODS: A total of 5618 cases with lymph node @entity3 only (N1M0), non-regional lymph node @entity3 (M1a), bone @entity3 (M1b), and distant @entity3 (M1c) were selected from the Japanese Study Group of @entity263 database. @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), @entity5 ( @entity5 ), and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis. The influence of clinical variables on @entity1 prognosis was evaluated using the Cox proportional hazard regression model. RESULTS: The 5-year @entity1349 , @entity5 , and PFS were 76.0, 83.2, and 38.8  % in N1M0, 57.5, 69.0, and 23.0  % in M1a, 54.0, 63.1, and 23.0  % in M1b, and 40.0, 51.5, and 16.6  % in M1c, respectively. @entity1349 , @entity5 , and PFS worsened as the stages progressed. @entity1349 , @entity5 , and PFS were all significantly worse in N1M1b compared with N0M1b. Multivariate analysis revealed that @entity1349 and @entity5 were worse in @entity1 with a Gleason score >= 8 and that combined @entity342 blockade (CAB) treatment provided better @entity1349 than non-CAB treatments at any @entity5 stage. However, @entity1349 and @entity5 were worse in individuals with a prostate-specific antigen >100  ng/ml only in M1b. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 prognosis worsened with stage progression; therefore, current TNM classification system of @entity263 for PADT was shown to be trustworthy. Each PC cell that develops bone or lymphoid @entity3 may exhibit different characteristics.

title: Validation of TNM classification for metastatic XXXX treated using primary @entity342 deprivation therapy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['mPC', 'metastatic prostate cancer', 'Prostate Cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'CSS', 'cancer-specific survival']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'Overall survival']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostatic cancer']


abstract: End stage @entity712 due to @entity63 ( @entity63 ) or dilated (DCM) @entity296 is characterized by a dilated, relatively thin-walled ventricle. The hypothesis has been proposed that the structural basis of ventricular expansion is due to side-to-side slippage of myocytes within the wall. Although this represents one potential mechanism for the observed phenomena of chamber dilatation and subsequent wall thinning, the degree of slippage claimed is not necessarily in harmony with the magnitude of chamber enlargement and mural thinning. Moreover, sarcomere extension was not examined in the base to the apical regions of the heart, leaving open the question as to the role of changes in resting sarcomere length in acute chamber dilatation. In this regard, an alternative etiology for the detrimental cardiac architectural rearrangement seen in dilated failure can be supplied by postulating the occurrence of maladaptive remodeling of cardiac myocyte morphology. In this model, myocytes increase in length by an increase in the number of sarcomeres in series, thus increasing chamber diameter in an attempt to maintain cardiac output. However, these cells do not enlarge to any significant degree in the transverse diameter preventing the heart from developing adequate force. This hypothesis is supported by recent evidence from @entity1 with @entity63 and DCM indicating that myocyte lengthening alone could account for all the dilatation observed. Furthermore, it appears that the thinning of the ventricular wall in failure is due to inadequate transverse growth of cardiac myocytes coupled with scattered myocyte cell loss throughout the ventricular wall.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Structural remodeling and mechanical dysfunction of cardiac myocytes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic', 'ICM']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blinded study was to compare @entity158 relief, side effects, and ability to ambulate during epidural anesthesia with @entity1342 0.2% plus @entity681 versus @entity1341 0.175% plus @entity681 after major gastrointestinal surgery. Epidural catheters were inserted at T8-11, and 30 microg of @entity681 with 15 mL of @entity1342 0.75% (Group 1, n = 42) or @entity1341 0.5% (Group 2, n = 44) was injected. General anesthesia was induced, a continuous epidural infusion (5 mL/h) was then begun with 1 microg/mL @entity681 plus @entity1342 0.2% (Group 1) or @entity1341 0.175% (Group 2). Postoperatively, the infusion rate was adjusted to individual requirements. @entity1 were also able to receive additional 2-mL bolus doses every 20 min. Demographic data (except for gender and height), @entity1337 , drug dosage, and side-effects, including motor blockade (Bromage score), were similar in both groups, but mobilization recovered more quickly in Group 1. Gender, age, ASA physical status, duration of surgery, and intraoperative @entity190 had no effect on mobilization. We conclude that epidural @entity1337 is effective and safe with both regimens. There is not necessarily a correlation between the Bromage score and the desired outcome of mobilization. The ability to walk postoperatively is hastened if @entity1342 is used instead of @entity1341 . IMPLICATIONS: Regarding @entity158 relief and side effects, epidural @entity1337 with @entity1342 0.2% and @entity681 1 microg/mL yields @entity158 scores and @entity158 intensity comparable to those for the well evaluated combination of @entity1341 0.175% and @entity681 1 microg/mL. However, earlier recovery of the ability to walk unassisted in @entity1 receiving the combination of @entity1342 and @entity681 may result in their earlier rehabilitation.

title: Epidural XXXX with local anesthetics after abdominal surgery: earlier motor recovery with 0.2% @entity1342 than 0.175% @entity1341 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['sufentanil']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity341 ( @entity341 ) is a rare and potentially life-saving intervention performed for @entity130 @entity1 in extremis. @entity341 is rare at Canadian @entity130 centres because of our infrequent occurrence of penetrating @entity130 . This study was undertaken to evaluate outcomes at a Canadian level 1 @entity130 facility and compare survival to large published datasets. Also, we evaluated the appropriateness of an @entity341 performed at our centre based on published national guidelines. METHODS: Retrospective medical record review of all @entity1 undergoing an @entity341 during their resuscitation in the emergency department. Records were identified using our @entity130 registry, and all charts were manually reviewed. The primary outcome was survival to hospital discharge. RESULTS: Over a 20-year period, 58 EDTs were performed with 6 (10.3%) survivors. @entity1 undergoing an @entity341 secondary to penetrating @entity130 had the highest survival (5 of 24 @entity1 or 20.8% survival) compared to @entity1 undergoing an @entity341 for blunt @entity130 (1 of 34 @entity1 or 2.9% survival). @entity1 undergoing an @entity341 who had not suffered @entity1167 represented the group with the highest survival rate (3 of 6 @entity1 or 50% survival). The majority of EDTs (79.3%) were indicated, and no @entity1 undergoing an @entity341 survived if it was performed outside of published guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: Survival following an @entity341 in our small, regional @entity130 centre is consistent with survival rates from larger published datasets. An @entity341 should continue to be performed under accepted clinical indications.

title: Outcomes of emergency department thoracotomy in a tertiary care Canadian XXXX centre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['Emergency department thoracotomy', 'EDT']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although most treatment for @entity1149 is palliative, data on the adequacy of symptom control are scanty and there has been little discussion about the appropriate indices. METHODS: Two hundred and eighty nine unselected @entity1 presenting sequentially to six specialists were studied; 242 cases were confirmed histologically and all were managed as @entity1149 . At presentation and two monthly for one year or until death each of 12 symptoms was graded by a physician at a clinic interview on a four point scale as absent, mild, moderate, or severe. For each symptom a palliative index (median duration of control/median duration of survival) was calculated, where control was defined as an improvement in symptoms of any severity by one grade or more. RESULTS: Sixty four (22%) @entity1 had surgery, 15 (5%) radical and 107 (37%) palliative radiotherapy, and 103 (36%) best supportive care. Analysis showed that most symptoms inexorably worsened with time. The palliation index for haemoptysis was 86%, @entity662 73%, cough 34%, and breathlessness 30%; for systemic symptoms it was 54% for @entity448 and 47% for malaise. Palliation was poor in many @entity1 after surgery. Breathlessness was a particular problem in the group having best supportive care. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of most symptoms in @entity1149 increases inexorably with time until malaise and @entity448 are almost universal. Haemoptysis and @entity662 are better palliated than cough and breathlessness. Present treatments fail to give adequate palliation for many @entity1 , and the emphasis in future therapeutic studies should be on the relief of the more severe symptoms.

title: Palliation of symptoms in XXXX : a study by the Yorkshire Regional Cancer Organisation Thoracic Group.

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Vienna classification of @entity30 ( @entity30 ) distinguishes three @entity1 subgroups according to disease behavior: stricturing, penetrating, and inflammatory. Our aim was to assess the long-term evolution of the disease behavior of @entity30 and to determine the predictive factors and prognostic implications of this evolution. METHODS: Occurrence and predictive factors of a stricturing and/or a penetrating complication were searched for in 2,002 @entity1 with @entity30 studied retrospectively. In addition, the 1995-2000 disease course was assessed prospectively in a cohort of 646 @entity1 with disease duration >5 years, classified according to their previous disease behavior. RESULTS: 1,199 @entity1 (60%) developed a stricturing (n = 254) or a penetrating (n = 945) complication. Twenty-year actuarial rates of inflammatory, stricturing, and penetrating disease were 12, 18, and 70%, respectively. The initial location of lesions was the main determinant of the time and type of the complication. In the cohort study, year-by-year activity and therapeutic requirements did not show significant sustained differences between behavioral subgroups. CONCLUSION: Most @entity1 with @entity30 will eventually one day develop a stricturing or a perforating complication. Initial location determines the type of the complication. Classification of @entity1 into a behavioral group from previous history has no impact upon activity during the following years.

title: Long-term evolution of disease behavior of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: The effects of Corynebacterium parvum and @entity6247 given at various levels, schedules, and routes of administration on primary @entity2 and its @entity3 have been evaluated in C57BL/6J @entity19 given s.c. inoculations of 5 X 10(5) @entity5 cells. Single i.v., but not i.p., s.c., or i.m., administration of @entity2432 (0.35 mg/ @entity19 given on Days 0, 1, or 3) reduced growth of @entity5 and prolonged survival time. @entity6247 (3000 IU/ @entity19 /day) given alone i.p. either before, after, or both before and after @entity5 inoculation showed no effect on @entity5 growth, survival of @entity19 , or lung @entity3 . The combination of @entity6247 i.p. (6 daily injections of 1500 IU/ @entity19 after @entity5 implantation) and @entity2432 (0.175 mg/ @entity19 ) given i.v. resulted in an increase in life span over control of 146% and appeared to be therapeutically synergistic. This combination produced 90-day cures in about 20% of the treated animals, all of which were found to be @entity5 free. Two nonparametric statistical procedures, the Kruskal-Wallis and the Dunn test, were used to assess the effects of treatments on survival time and @entity5 growth and may be generally applicable to animal @entity5 studies. They provide multiple comparisons of different treatments and allow the inclusion of long-term survivors into the analysis.

title: Antitumor activity of Corynebacterium parvum and XXXX used in combination on the @entity2 .

entities_list: @entity6247 :: ('MESH:C014794', 'Chemical') :: ['retinyl palmitate', 'Retinyl palmitate']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Lewis lung carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity6247 :: (MESH:C014794,Chemical) :: ['retinyl palmitate']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the macular morphological changes associated with @entity6654 ( @entity6654 ) using high-resolution Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (FD-OCT), as they correlate with visual acuity and microperimetry ( @entity7454 ). METHODS: In all, 24 eyes (19 subjects) with @entity6654 were imaged prospectively using FD-OCT with axial resolution of 4.5    m and transverse resolution of 10 to 15    m. @entity7454 and Stratus OCT were carried out in a subset of eyes. RESULTS: The mean log of the minimum angle of resolution best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.18  0.16 (range: -0.08 to 0.48, Snellen equivalent 20/15(-1) to 20/60). ERM was visualized in all 24 eyes with @entity735 (85%) of 20 eyes imaged with Stratus OCT. Although BCVA correlated with macular thickening in the central 1   mm sub-field of the Stratus ETDRS (P=0.0005) and macular volume (central 3   mm area) on FD-OCT (P<0.0001), macular thickening on thickness map and volume correlated poorly with decrease in macular sensitivity on @entity7454 (P=0.16). On FD-OCT, foveal morphological changes correlated best with decrease in BCVA, the strongest being central foveal thickness (P<0.0001). Other significant changes included blurring of the foveal inner segment-outer segment (IS-OS) junction and/or Verhoeff's membrane, vitreal displacement of foveal outer nuclear layer and @entity2070 (P<0.05). Foveal IS-OS junction disruption was seen in 25% of eyes on Stratus OCT but in none of the eyes on FD-OCT. CONCLUSION: FD-OCT allowed improved visualization of ERM and associated foveal morphological changes that correlated best with BCVA. Macular thickening correlated weakly with decreased macular function as assessed by @entity7454 .

title: Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography of eyes with XXXX : correlation between macular morphology and visual function.

entities_list: @entity6654 :: ('MESH:D019773', 'Disease') :: ['iERM', 'idiopathic epiretinal membrane']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['FD-OCT and in 17 eyes']

entities_list: @entity2070 :: ('MESH:C537858', 'Disease') :: ['foveal detachment']

answer: @entity6654 :: (MESH:D019773,Disease) :: ['idiopathic epiretinal membrane']


abstract: We conducted a phase II multicenter trial to evaluate the activity of combined @entity136 and @entity901 in @entity3620 . Twenty-five @entity1 were recruited between May 1999 and December 2001 and received @entity136 1000 mg/m2 intravenously over 30 minutes and @entity901 80 mg/m2 intravenously over 3 hours on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle for a maximum of 6 cycles. Eligibility criteria included an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0-2 and no prior chemotherapy. Best objective responses achieved were as follows: partial response, 10 @entity1 (40%, 95% CI, 21%-61%); stable disease, 6 @entity1 (24%, 95% CI, 9%-45%); and progressive disease, 9 @entity1 (36%, 95% CI, 18%-57%). Median time to disease progression was 7 months, and median survival was 13 months. One-year survival was 60% (95% CI, 31%-72%). There were 2 deaths from disease progression. @entity137 was mainly hematologic. Grade 3/4 @entity390 and @entity391 occurred in 8% of @entity1 , @entity16 occurred in 8% of @entity1 , and @entity294 occurred in 4% of @entity1 . The combination of @entity136 and @entity901 was shown to be active in @entity3620 and to exhibit tolerable @entity137 in an outpatient setting.

title: A multicenter phase II study of XXXX and @entity901 for @entity3620 .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity3620 :: ('MESH:C562839', 'Disease') :: ['malignant pleural mesothelioma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity136 :: (MESH:C056507,Chemical) :: ['gemcitabine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and clinical efficacy of motor evoked potential (MEP) monitoring for @entity5 surgery. METHODS: Between 2010 and 2012, to prevent postoperative motor deterioration, MEP recording after transcranial stimulation was performed in 84 @entity1 with supratentorial @entity1313 (45 males, 39 females; age range, 24-80 years; median age, 58 years). MEP monitoring results were correlated with postoperative motor outcome compared to preoperative motor status. RESULTS: MEP recordings were stable in amplitude (<50% reduction in amplitude) during surgery in 77 @entity1 (91.7%). No @entity86 was found in 66 out of 77 @entity1 with stable MEP amplitudes. However, postoperative paresis developed in 11 @entity1 . False negative findings were associated with @entity4 in peri-resectional regions and @entity86 in the @entity5 bed. MEP decrease in amplitude (>50%) occurred in seven @entity1 (8.3%). However, no deficit occurred postoperatively in four @entity1 following preventive management during the operation. Three @entity1 had permanent paresis, which could have been associated with @entity1317 during @entity5 resection. CONCLUSIONS: MEP monitoring during @entity5 surgery is feasible and safe. However, false negative MEP results associated with postoperative events may occur in some @entity1 . To achieve successful monitoring, collaboration between surgeon, anesthesiologist and an experienced technician is mandatory.

title: Intraoperative monitoring of motor-evoked potentials for XXXX surgery.

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'supratentorial tumor']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative motor deficit', 'postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['supratentorial tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity981 ( @entity981 ) is a common @entity5 of childhood treated with @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ), which is associated with acute @entity2359 . We evaluated diffusion-weighted (DW) and conventional MR images in @entity1 with @entity981 and acute @entity1500 -induced @entity2359 , with clinical correlation. METHODS: Five @entity1 aged 12-15 years underwent fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), T2-weighted fast spin-echo and gradient-echo, T1-weighted @entity2287 -enhanced spin-echo, and DW imaging within 24 hours of symptom onset. Records were reviewed for the temporal relationship to @entity1500 administration, strokelike symptoms, and neurologic outcome. RESULTS: Six strokelike events were temporally related to intrathecal @entity1500 given 6-11 days before symptom onset. FLAIR images showed abnormal hyperintensity in the callosal splenium in one @entity1 but were otherwise normal. Diffusion abnormalities were frontoparietal in three events and frontal in one; nonfluent @entity2026 was seen in all. Bilateral frontoparietal @entity66 were associated with bilateral @entity425 , @entity1269 , or left-sided @entity1269 (one @entity1 each); one @entity1 had mild facial droop. Unilateral precentral subcortical diffusion abnormality was associated with contralateral motor deficit and @entity2319 . @entity1109 resolved rapidly and were not associated with other signs of @entity75 . Subsequent intrathecal @entity1500 administration was not associated with recurrence in four @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Diffusion abnormalities in acute @entity1500 @entity2359 indicated @entity75 but not necessarily overt structural injury to the cerebrum. Subsequent @entity17 or @entity5219 could not be predicted on the basis of @entity66 . A single strokelike episode with @entity66 should not necessarily prompt modification of potentially curative chemotherapeutic regimens.

title: Acute @entity1499 XXXX : findings on diffusion-weighted imaging and correlation with clinical outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination']

entities_list: @entity981 :: ('MESH:D054198', 'Disease') :: ['ALL', 'Acute lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['diffusion abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['right-sided hemiparesis', 'hemiparesis']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral dysfunction', 'encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['Strokelike symptoms']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['upper-extremity weakness']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral upper-extremity sensory loss']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity2359 :: (MESH:D020258,Disease) :: ['neurotoxicity']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Apart from lifestyle factors, sex hormones also seem to have a role in the etiology of @entity14 . This raises interest in the possible effects of fertility drugs, especially because the use of ovarian stimulation for @entity52 ( @entity3257 ) has strongly increased over the past decades. METHODS: In 1996, a nationwide cohort study was set up to examine @entity5 risk in a population that included 19,158 @entity1 who received ovarian stimulation for @entity3257 ( @entity3257 group) and 5950 @entity1 who underwent subfertility treatments other than @entity3257 ( @entity3257 ). @entity5 incidence was ascertained through linkage with the Netherlands @entity5 Registry. @entity14 risk in the @entity3257 group was compared with those in the general population and in the @entity3257 . RESULTS: After a median follow-up of 21 years, 109 @entity14 were observed. Compared with the general population, risk of @entity14 was not increased in the @entity3257 group (standardized incidence ratio, 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.80-1.23), and was significantly decreased in the @entity3257 (standardized incidence ratio, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.36-0.88). @entity1 in the @entity3257 group had a significant increase in risk compared with @entity1 in the @entity3257 (multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.10-2.94). No trend emerged with more @entity3257 cycles or more ampules of gonadotropins administered. @entity14 risk did not increase with longer follow-up periods. CONCLUSIONS: Although @entity1 who receive ovarian stimulation for @entity3257 do not have an increased risk for @entity14 compared with the general population, findings from our nationwide cohort study indicate that their risk is increased compared with @entity1 who received subfertility treatments other than @entity3257 . Further research is warranted to examine whether ovarian stimulation for @entity3257 contributes to development of @entity14 .

title: Risk of XXXX After Ovarian Stimulation for In  Vitro  Fertilization.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancers', 'Colorectal cancer', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity52 :: ('MESH:C566179', 'Disease') :: ['in  vitro fertilization']

entities_list: @entity3257 :: ('MESH:C580335', 'Disease') :: ['non-IVF group', 'IVF']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['Colorectal Cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Liposomal @entity1341 is a long-acting, local, injectable anesthetic that is used to potentially mitigate post-operative @entity158 after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). In addition, it may reduce opioid use in the post-operative period and shorten lengths-of-stay (LOS). There have been mixed results in the literature with regards to its efficacy, which raises questions regarding the injection technique used. Therefore, we evaluated the learning curve associated with injection techniques prior to, and after, formal teaching. Specifically, we compared differences in: 1) opioid use; 2) LOS; 3) @entity158 intensity; and 4) discharge disposition in @entity1 who did not receive liposomal @entity1341 (no infiltration cohort), received liposomal @entity1341 with less optimal technique (subpar infiltration), and received liposomal @entity1341 with appropriate technique (optimal infiltration) during their primary TKA. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 1:1:1 ratio of 54 consecutive cases of @entity1 who had no liposomal @entity1341 infiltration, those who had subpar infiltration, and those who had optimal infiltration were included. To evaluate opioid use, the dosages were obtained and converted to their respective @entity1286 milliequivalents (mEq). The total mEq usage was obtained for the day of surgery through post-operative day (POD) 3. LOS was recorded in days. @entity158 scores were calculated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), obtained from the first post-operative physical therapy note. Discharge status was recorded as discharged to home or rehabilitation. We used an ANOVA test for continuous and X2-square test for categorical variables. RESULTS: When compared to @entity1 who had no infiltration, @entity1 who had subpar infiltration had significantly lower opioid use on day 0, while @entity1 who had optimal infiltration had lower opioid use on post-operative day (POD) 0 and 3. When comparing techniques, opioid use was lower on day 3 for @entity1 who had optimal, as compared to subpar technique. However, LOS and VAS were not significantly different among the three groups. The rehab discharge rate was lower for @entity1 who had optimal as compared to subpar technique. CONCLUSION: There is a learning curve associated with liposomal @entity1341 use, and incorporating an appropriate technique can markedly affect post-operative outcomes. This should be taken into account when evaluating the potential benefits of this peri-articular injection. It appears that liposomal @entity1341 may decrease opioid use and @entity158 scores when optimal infiltration techniques are used.

title: The Learning Curve Associated with the Administration of Intra-Articular Liposomal XXXX for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1286 :: ('MESH:D009020', 'Chemical') :: ['morphine']

answer: @entity1341 :: (MESH:D002045,Chemical) :: ['Bupivacaine']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Local failure is a significant issue following radiotherapy (RT) for @entity1 with @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). The aim of this study was to find out whether FDG-PET/CT is capable to predict @entity5 relapse location in @entity1 with @entity1149 , in particular to determine high risk @entity5 ' subvolumes responsible for local failure. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ten @entity1 with locoregional relapse of @entity1149 underwent FDG-PET/CT before, during, and in the 4-12 months following curative chemoradiotherapy (ChRT, 66 Gy) using a combined PET/CT scanner. Morphologic and metabolic @entity5 volumetry and an evaluation of FDG-uptake dynamics were performed. RESULTS: CT showed partial reduction of @entity5 volume after RT in all @entity1 . PET-revealed partial in eight @entity1 and complete metabolic response in two @entity1 during RT. Six to nine months after RT, local failure was diagnosed in all @entity1 with both methods. @entity5 recurrences were localized mostly in the most active ones of pre-therapeutically metabolic regions of the @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: Local failure in @entity1149 appears most common at the primary site and within the irradiated target volume with the highest FDG uptake. This observation may be useful for further optimization of radiotherapy of @entity1149 , for example, by the application of additional radiation dose to subvolumes of @entity5 with higher FDG uptake.

title: Is pre-therapeutical FDG-PET/CT capable to detect high risk @entity5 subvolumes responsible for local failure in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumors', 'Tumor', 'primary tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity1149 :: (MESH:D002289,Disease) :: ['non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: The adjuvant use of aromatase inhibitors in @entity0 is associated with adverse effects on bone health. We previously reported a decline in @entity79 ( @entity79 ) following the switch from @entity440 to @entity17082 in the Intergroup @entity17082 Study (IES). Here we report effects of endocrine treatment withdrawal on @entity79 , bone turnover markers (BTM) and @entity174 rates. 4,724 @entity1 took part in IES, and 206 @entity1 were included in a bone sub-study. @entity79 and BTM were assessed pre-randomization, during and after the end of treatment (EOT). To evaluate treatment withdrawal effects, 12- and 24-month post EOT @entity79 results are available for 122 and 126 @entity1 , respectively. Similar @entity1 numbers had BTM measured post EOT. Following treatment withdrawal, the differences in @entity79 observed between the two endocrine strategies were partially reversed. At 24 months from EOT, spine @entity79 increased by 1.53% (95%CI 0.63-2.43; p = 0.001) after stopping @entity17082 and fell by 1.93% (95%CI -2.91 to 0.95; p = 0.0002) following @entity440 withdrawal. A similar pattern of changes was observed at the hip. At 2 years post EOT, @entity79 changes from baseline were similar with both treatment strategies. Corresponding inverse changes in BTM were seen, with an increase following @entity440 withdrawal and a reduction after @entity17082 . A higher number of @entity174 occurred during @entity17082 treatment, but @entity174 rates were similar after treatment withdrawal. With the switch strategy used in IES, the on treatment adverse bone effects of @entity17082 are reversed. Ongoing monitoring of @entity79 is therefore not routinely required.

title: Reversal of skeletal effects of endocrine treatments in the Intergroup XXXX Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity440 :: ('MESH:D013629', 'Chemical') :: ['tamoxifen']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity17082 :: ('MESH:C056516', 'Chemical') :: ['Exemestane', 'exemestane']

answer: @entity17082 :: (MESH:C056516,Chemical) :: ['Exemestane']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Addictions to @entity285 and @entity286 , known risk factors for @entity5 , are complex heritable disorders. @entity146 have a bidirectional relationship with @entity158 . We hypothesize that the associations between @entity285 , smoking, and @entity4784 observed in @entity5 @entity1 have a genetic basis. Therefore, using bioinformatics tools, we explored the underlying genetic basis and identified new candidate genes and common biological pathways for smoking, @entity285 , and @entity4784 . RESULTS: Literature search showed 56 genes associated with @entity285 , smoking and @entity4784 . Using Core Analysis function in Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software, we found that @entity1366 was strongly interconnected across all three addiction networks. Genes involved in immune signaling pathways were shown across all three networks. Connect function from @entity9348 My Pathway toolbox showed that @entity1633 is the gene common to both the list of genetic variations associated with all three addiction phenotypes and the components of the brain neuronal signaling network involved in @entity734 . The top canonical pathways associated with the 56 genes were: 1) @entity460 signaling, 2) GPCR signaling, 3) @entity268 -mediated signaling, 4) @entity1246 receptor signaling, and 5) G-alpha i signaling. CONLUSIONS: @entity5 @entity1 are often prescribed opioids for @entity5 thus increasing their risk for @entity4784 and addiction. Our findings provide candidate genes and biological pathways underlying addiction phenotypes, which may be future targets for treatment of addiction. Further study of the variations of the candidate genes could allow physicians to make more informed decisions when treating @entity5 with opioid analgesics.

title: Gene network analysis shows immune-signaling and @entity1366 as novel genetic markers for multiple addiction phenotypes: XXXX , smoking and @entity4784 .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['Addictive behaviors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer pain', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid addiction', 'opioid abuse']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance addiction']

answer: @entity285 :: (D000431,Chemical) :: ['alcohol']


abstract: @entity7593 with @entity8 in @entity7594 ( @entity7594 ) is an @entity697 characterized by fever, @entity548 and @entity177 . In Korean @entity1 , the disease manifests more distinctive @entity548 tendencies than those of @entity7593 with @entity8 found in western countries. To investigate the nature and role of the coagulation, fibrinolysis, kinin and immune system in the pathogenesis of such a @entity548 manifestation, alterations of these systems were assessed from the early phase of the disease. Decreased platelet count and shortened platelet survival were observed with giant platelets in the peripheral blood. The marked prolongations of @entity548 time, prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time were noticed with the decreased plasma activities of coagulation factors II, V, @entity797 , IX and X. Shortened half life of @entity2002 , increased @entity2002 -fibrin degradation product, with decreased plasma levels and activities of plasminogen, alpha 2-plasmin inhibitor and antithrombin III were found. On thrombelastogram, the existence of procoagulant activity was confirmed, and prolonged reaction time and clot formation time with decreased maximum amplitude were observed. The appearance of circulating immune complexes was found along with decreased C3 and normal C4 in the serum. Significant decrease of serum C3 was evident in the @entity1 with disseminated @entity5642 . These findings of @entity1003 were normalized within ten days of the illness in most cases. Therefore, it can be concluded that disseminated @entity5642 and @entity882 in the early phase, and @entity2629 developing later might play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity548 tendency in @entity7594 .

title: XXXX in @entity1 with @entity7593 with @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal syndrome']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute viral disease']

entities_list: @entity7594 :: ('MESH:D006480', 'Disease') :: ['Korea', 'Korean hemorrhagic fever']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic', 'hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7593 :: ('MESH:D006478', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic fever', 'Hemorrhagic fever']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity1003 :: ('MESH:D001778', 'Disease') :: ['coagulopathy']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

answer: @entity1003 :: (MESH:D001778,Disease) :: ['Coagulopathy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The increasing survival of @entity1 with very large burns has driven an interest in innovative permanent wound closure techniques, one of which is the use of @entity7944 ( @entity7944 ). To document our ability to achieve wound closure with @entity7944 in @entity1 with very large burns, we report our 19-month experience with this technology in five @entity1 with burns of 90% or more of the body surface. DESIGN: A retrospective review. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a 19-month period five @entity1 with burns in excess of 90% of the body surface had skin biopsies taken for epithelial culture. The clinical course of these five @entity1 was reviewed in detail. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: These five @entity1 had an average age of 11.5 years (range 7 months to 37 years), and an average total body surface area burn of 94% (range 90%-96%). Four of the five @entity1 had @entity130 . All wounds had vascularized allograft present at the time of @entity7944 engraftment. Forty-five percent of the @entity7944 was placed on vascularized allodermis and 55% on fascia (range on allodermis 20%-75%). @entity7944 was 51% (range 20%-80%). @entity393 in percent of initial take averaged 60% (range 20%-100%). @entity393 averaged 33% (range 20%-50%) when two @entity1 who lost all of their @entity7944 were excluded. Three @entity1 had gram-negative @entity2259 within 7 days of @entity7944 placement, and two of these had 100% graft loss. Definitive closure rates with @entity7944 averaged 7.5% (range 0%-15%) of the body surface, increasing to 12.5% (range 11.2%-15%) when two @entity1 who lost all of their @entity7944 are excluded. CONCLUSIONS: The initial enthusiasm for @entity7944 has been tempered by demonstrations of low-initial engraftment rates, graft fragility, delayed graft loss, and cost. Such liabilities become more tolerable as usable donor site decreases below 5% to 10% of the body surface. @entity7944 can materially contribute to wound closure in @entity1 with very extensive burns, but gram-negative @entity295 is associated with complete graft loss.

title: Cultured autologous epithelium in XXXX with burns of ninety percent or more of the body surface.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity7944 :: ('MESH:C536309', 'Disease') :: ['CAE', 'Initial take of CAE', 'cultured autologous epithelium']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['Delayed loss']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['inhalation injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Alternative treatments to anticonvulsants and resective surgery are needed for @entity1 with @entity302 . The renewed interest in brain stimulation and device therapy is exciting and is based on expanding @entity1 and animal research. Many important questions remain, such as where and how the stimuli should be applied. If we assume that neural networks are responsible for @entity410 generation and propagation, it seems reasonable to assume that @entity410 can be affected by electrical stimulation of more than one brain region. As research continues, we may discover that stimulation of a particular brain region is more effective for a specific type of @entity302 . In addition to finding the ideal site for treatment, the optimum stimulation parameters must be defined. We may find that different brain regions require different stimulation parameters. Presently, the Vagus Nerve Stimulator is the only alternative treatment to anticonvulsive drugs or surgery that is currently available. However, as technology advances and our understanding of @entity302 grows, we are likely to see increasingly sophisticated devices. Some of these devices may have the capacity to accurately detect @entity410 and to respond with the most appropriate type of stimulation.

title: Expanding therapeutic options: devices and the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['refractory epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['refractory epilepsy']


abstract: AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategy on @entity834 and @entity166 after @entity5 surgery. METHODS: @entity1 undergoing restorative proctectomy for @entity5 between 01/2008 and 12/2013 were divided into four groups according to the perioperative lowest haemoglobin (Hgb) level and transfusion status: Group 1 with Hgb level >= 10 g/dL, Group 2 >= 7 and <10 g/dL, who did not receive transfusion, and Group 3 with Hgb level >= 7 and <10 g/dL and Group 4 <7 g/dL, both of which received a transfusion. Clinical characteristics, @entity834 and @entity166 within 30 days of surgery were compared. RESULTS: There were 398 @entity1 (66% males) with a mean age of 59.3  11.9 years. Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 included 162 (40.7%), 163 (41.0%), 47 (11.8%) and 26 (6.5%) @entity1 , respectively. Perioperative characteristics were significantly different among groups regarding neoadjuvant chemo/radiotherapy use, preoperative albumin and Hgb levels, operative approach and @entity190 , @entity5 size and stage, surgical margin involvement and histologic differentiation. The unadjusted rates of overall @entity166 were 17.2%, 27.6%, 36.2% and 50% in the Group 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively (p=0.001). In the multivariate analysis, compared to Group 2, Group 3 was associated with an increased likelihood of organ/space surgical site infections (SSIs) (OR=3.63, 95%, CI:1.29-10.22, p=0.01) with no significant differences in terms of @entity834 , overall SSIs or overall @entity166 . CONCLUSION: Blood transfusion of hemodynamically stable @entity1 with Hgb level >= 7 g/dL is associated with increased organ/space SSIs in @entity5 surgery. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Impact of a restrictive versus liberal transfusion strategy on @entity834 and XXXX after restorative surgery for @entity5 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious complications']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious complications']


abstract: @entity9272 is an uncommon lesion composed of mature fat and @entity1583 cells. @entity3506 is rare. We report an unusual case of concurrent @entity9272 in a @entity5 in a 21-year-old @entity1 with virilization. She had a 6-year secondary @entity2588 history. Her serum @entity251 level was elevated (16.2-24.9 nmol/L). Transvaginal ultrasound and computed tomography showed a solid round pelvic mass. The left ovarian mass was grossly well encapsulated with a tan-to-dark-brown, vaguely nodular cut surface. Microscopically, the @entity5 was characterized by large aggregates of cells resembling typical hormone-secreting cells and the stroma was composed of mature fat and rich @entity1583 cells representing all 3 @entity1583 cell lineages. Immunohistochemistry showed that the @entity5 cells were strongly positive for a-inhibin and Melan-A. Lineage-specific markers including myeloid peroxidase were variably expressed in @entity1583 cells. This rare case will expand our appreciation of the spectrum and histogenesis of @entity43 .

title: XXXX , not otherwise specified (NOS): an unusual case with @entity9272 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian tumors']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity3506 :: ('MESH:D010236', 'Disease') :: ['Extra-adrenal myelolipoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'steroid cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematopoietic']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

entities_list: @entity9272 :: ('MESH:D018209', 'Disease') :: ['myelolipoma', 'Myelolipoma']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['Ovarian steroid cell tumor']


abstract: The sliding clamps of @entity1519 (gp45), @entity526 (beta clamp), and @entity375 (PCNA) are required for processive DNA synthesis by their cognate DNA polymerases. The X-ray crystal structures of all three of these clamps have been shown to be closed, circular complexes. This paper reports investigations of the solution structure of @entity1519 gp45 by analytical ultracentrifugation, fluorescence, and hydrodynamic modeling. Mutants of gp45 with inter- and intrasubunit @entity1520 bonds were created to alter the solution structure of gp45, with additional mutagenesis used to investigate the importance of the @entity1521 -rich loop region found between the two domains of each gp45 monomer. The wild-type gp45 trimer assembles from monomers cooperatively with a dissociation constant of 0.21 microM2 and values between 0.088 and 0. 32 microM2 for the mutants. Velocity ultracentrifugation experiments showed that wild-type gp45 possesses a sedimentation coefficient strongly dependent on concentration, typical of asymmetric or elongated molecules, that when extrapolated to zero concentration yields a sedimentation coefficient of 4.0 S. The loop and the @entity1520 mutants exhibited sedimentation coefficients with little concentration dependence, typical of symmetric or spherical molecules, that when extrapolated to zero concentration yielded sedimentation coefficients of 4.4-4.8 S. The lower sedimentation coefficient in the former case is consistent with wild-type gp45 being more asymmetric or elongated than the mutant forms. Fluorescence-resonance energy-transfer experiments were used to measure the distance between two @entity1522 (W91 and @entity1523 - @entity1524 ) on opposite sides of the gp45 subunit interface. For an intrasubunit @entity1520 mutant, the distance between these two @entity1522 was determined to be 19 A (14 A in the X-ray crystal structure), consistent with a closed complex. For the mutants without intrasubunit @entity1525 , the efficiency of fluorescence-resonance energy transfer was in accord with a model of gp45 being an open complex composed of two closed subunit interfaces and a third open interface separated by a distance of 35-38 A. The collective data supplemented with hydrodynamic modeling were consistent with gp45 subunit separation achieved within the plane of the gp45 ring.

title: Sliding clamp of the XXXX polymerase has open and closed subunit interfaces in solution.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity1524 :: ('MESH:C030123', 'Chemical') :: ['coumarin']

entities_list: @entity1519 :: ('10665', 'Species') :: ['bacteriophage T4']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

entities_list: @entity1525 :: ('MESH:D004220', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfides']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity1519 :: (10665,Species) :: ['bacteriophage T4']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been shown to increase @entity548 risks. This study examined the association of perioperative coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) @entity548 risks and SSRI use prior to CABG. HYPOTHESIS: SSRI may be associated with increased @entity548 risks after CABG resulting in elevated reoperation rates due to @entity548 complications. METHODS: @entity1 who underwent CABG between 1999 and 2003 (n = 4794) were identified in a tertiary medical center. SSRI use (n = 246) was determined using inpatient pharmacy records. Outcomes included primary end point of reoperation due to @entity548 complications and other secondary measures. Multivariate regression models were constructed to adjust for baseline differences between SSRI and control groups. RESULTS: Reoperation due to @entity548 complications among SSRI users was not significantly different (odds ratio [OR]: 1.14 (0.52-2.47); P = 0.75) compared to the control group. Other secondary outcomes and 30-day mortality (2.0% in SSRI vs 2.1% in control group; P = 0.92) between the 2 groups were similar. However, the adjusted total volume of postoperative red blood cell (RBC) units transfused was higher in the SSRI group. CONCLUSION: We conclude that there is no compelling evidence to limit the use of SSRIs among @entity1 with @entity453 who undergo CABG given the current evidence. Further research may be needed on individual SSRI medications.

title: Safety of selective XXXX reuptake inhibitor use prior to coronary artery bypass grafting.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity750 :: (MESH:D012701,Chemical) :: ['serotonin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Intraocular pressure and visual outcomes in primary @entity726 treated with trabeculotomy. MATERIALS ET METHODS: All @entity1 undergoing trabeculotomy as first-line surgical treatment between January 2002 and January 2012 were included in a retrospective monocentric study. We report initial clinical features, surgical complications, ophthalmological outcome and clinical progression. RESULTS: Twenty-nine eyes of 16 @entity1 met the inclusion criteria and were treated with trabeculotomy as first-line treatment (mean age: 6 months). Median follow-up was 7 years. No major perioperative complications occurred, but minor complications were observed in 11 eyes. Mean pre-operative and initial post-operative intraocular pressures were 25.4 and 9.1mmHg respectively, thus a decrease of 16.3 points (63%). Overall surgical success rate was 89% at first follow-up, 72% at one year and 64% on last follow-up. A mean intraocular pressure of 15mmHg on no medications was achieved for two-thirds of eyes. After 7 years of follow-up, over 50% of eyes did not require a 2nd surgery. Visual acuity was at least 20/30 for 62% of eyes (83% for eyes requiring only trabeculotomy). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Trabeculotomy as first-line treatment of primary @entity726 is a safe and effective surgery in about two-thirds of cases. It allows pressure control and satisfactory visual outcome in the majority of @entity1 .

title: [Trabeculotomy as first-line surgical treatment in XXXX  : Surgical and visual outcomes from a 7-year retrospective study.]

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile glaucoma', 'pediatric glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['pediatric glaucoma']


abstract: @entity6865 is characterized by constant burning @entity158 and @entity17401 in an extremity. Lower extremities are usually affected. @entity158 is accompanied by swelling, sweating, vasomotor instability and sometimes trophic changes. There may be a history of minor injury or not. @entity2473 , @entity2045 or focal @entity3519 may occur. @entity158 , loss of function and @entity5433 are three main criteria suggested for diagnosis. Symptoms can last a few days to as long as a year. In this report we present a @entity1 with multiple limb involvement of stage I RSD. The sympathetic skin responses were tested during a remission period. She had milder attacks with a recurrence rate of 4 per year in the following three years from onset.

title: XXXX in childhood.

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['myoclonus']

entities_list: @entity6865 :: ('MESH:D012019', 'Disease') :: ['Reflex sympathetic dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity2473 :: ('MESH:D013035', 'Disease') :: ['Muscle spasms']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'pain', 'Diffuse pain']

entities_list: @entity5433 :: ('MESH:C563939', 'Disease') :: ['autonomic dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity17401 :: ('MESH:D006941', 'Disease') :: ['hyperesthesia']

answer: @entity6865 :: (MESH:D012019,Disease) :: ['Reflex sympathetic dystrophy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A marginal interaction between sex and the type of alkylating agent was observed for event-free survival in the @entity7634 -EWING99-R1 randomized controlled trial (RCT) comparing @entity786 and @entity1260 in @entity2828 . To further evaluate this interaction, we performed an individual @entity1 data meta-analysis of RCTs assessing @entity786 versus @entity1260 in any type of @entity5 . METHODS: A literature search produced two more eligible RCTs (EICESS92 and IRS-IV). The endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS, main endpoint) and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). The hazard ratios (HRs) of the treatment-by-sex interaction and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were assessed using stratified multivariable Cox models. Heterogeneity of the interaction across age categories and trials was explored. We also assessed this interaction for severe acute @entity137 using logistic models. RESULTS: The meta-analysis comprised 1,528 pediatric and young adult @entity242 @entity1 from three RCTs: @entity7634 -EWING99-R1 (n = 856), EICESS92 (n = 155), and IRS-IV (n = 517). There were 224 PFS events in @entity7634 -EWING99-R1 and 200 in the validation set (EICESS92 + IRS-IV), and 171 and 154 @entity204 in each dataset, respectively. The estimated treatment-by-sex interaction for PFS in @entity7634 -EWING99-R1 (HR = 1.73, 95% CI = 1.00-3.00) was not replicated in the validation set (HR = 0.97, 95% CI = 0.55-1.72), without heterogeneity across trials (P = 0.62). In the pooled analysis, the treatment-by-sex interaction was not significant (HR = 1.31, 95% CI = 0.89-1.95, P = 0.17), without heterogeneity across age categories (P = 0.88) and trials (P = 0.36). Similar results were observed for @entity1349 . No significant treatment-by-sex interaction was observed for @entity1210 / @entity1398 (P = 0.45), @entity281 (P = 0.64), or @entity8 (P = 0.20). CONCLUSION: Our meta-analysis did not confirm the hypothesis of a treatment-by-sex interaction on efficacy or @entity137 outcomes.

title: Investigating the heterogeneity of alkylating agents' efficacy and XXXX between sexes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials comparing @entity786 and @entity1260 (MAIAGE study).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ['Ewing sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['toxicity']


abstract: STUDY OBJECTIVE: Th2 cytokines play an important role in the pathogenesis of @entity565 . Our study objective was to determine the effect of suplatast tosilate, a Th2 cytokine inhibitor, on @entity1 with @entity16700 . METHODS: Twenty @entity1 with @entity16700 ( @entity16700 ) were assigned to a suplatast tosilate (100 mg three times daily) group or a placebo group for 6 weeks in a double-blind randomized study. The cough scores, medication scores, pulmonary function, @entity2488 to @entity2710 , cough threshold for @entity2951 , percentage of eosinophils and concentrations of eosinophilic cationic protein (ECP) in hypertonic saline-induced (induced) sputum were evaluated. The main outcome measures were @entity2951 cough threshold and concentrations of ECP in induced sputum. RESULTS: In the suplatast group, the cough scores and the medication scores decreased significantly over time. The percentage of eosinophils in induced sputum significantly decreased from 53.5+/-5.6% to 13.6+/-2.6%. The cough threshold for @entity2951 improved significantly from 2.72+/-3.41 microM to 39.7+/-22.7 microM in the suplatast group. The concentrations of ECP in induced sputum decreased significantly from 435+/-123 microg/l to 56+/-34 microg/l in the suplatast group. The bronchial responsiveness to @entity2710 changed from 8.45+/-3.43 units to 11.4+/-3.76 units in the suplatast group. CONCLUSIONS: Suplatast improved the cough scores and the cough threshold for @entity2951 in @entity1 with @entity16700 without significant side effects, suggesting the effectiveness of suplatast in the treatment of @entity16700 . Suplatast also decreased the percentage of eosinophils and concentrations of ECP in induced sputum, suggesting improvement in @entity32 in @entity1 with @entity16700 . Further pharmacodynamic research is needed to explain the precise mechanism.

title: Effect of suplatast tosilate, a Th2 cytokine inhibitor, on cough variant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophilic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2488 :: ('MESH:D001982', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial hyperresponsiveness']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity16700 :: ('MESH:D003371', 'Disease') :: ['CVA', 'cough-variant asthma']

entities_list: @entity2710 :: ('MESH:D016210', 'Chemical') :: ['methacholine']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Scars on exposed areas are a major concern among Asian populations because of their conspicuousness. Size, color, or whether the scar is @entity62 . @entity1346 gel is well known for the prevention and induction of better maturation of @entity2805 . However, its aesthetic effect on normal surgical @entity2318 has not been considered. METHODS: Clinical evaluation of @entity2318 was performed in 40 @entity1 . All the 40 @entity1 underwent clean and minor surgery of the exposed area, such as scar revision, by 1 plastic surgeon. Twenty of the 40 @entity1 did not apply any adjunctive material for scar management and were grouped as the control. The other 20 @entity1 applied a @entity1346 gel sheet for 12 hours a day for 3 months. Three assessment criteria, pigmentation, vascularity, and height, were evaluated by photographic assessment of the @entity2318 at 2 weeks, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively and scored by 3 plastic surgeons. The Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to verify any significant differences in the previously mentioned 3 parameters between the 2 groups and parameter scores at each follow-up period. RESULTS: Two @entity1 were excluded from the study because of the development of @entity1910 on the areas covered by the @entity1346 gel sheet. There was no statistical significance between the groups at postoperative 2 weeks and 1 month in pigmentation and redness. For evaluation of height, there was statistical significance (P = 0.024) at postoperative 1 month. However, there were statistically significant differences in all the assessment criteria at postoperative 3 months between the groups: pigmentation, P = 0.0002; vascularity, P = 0.0002; and height, P < 0.0001. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1346 gel sheet has a favorable aesthetical effect for normally created surgical @entity2318 in the Asians. Its application can reduce the conspicuousness of @entity2318 more rapidly than without.

title: Aesthetic effect of XXXX gel on surgical @entity2318 in Asians.

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['Silicone', 'silicone']

entities_list: @entity2805 :: ('MESH:D017439', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic and keloid scars']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['hypopigmented or hyperpigmented matters little']

answer: @entity1346 :: (MESH:D012828,Chemical) :: ['silicone']


abstract: All mitochondrial tRNAs in @entity3177 derive from cytosolic tRNAs that are in part imported into mitochondria. Some trypanosomal tRNAs are thiolated in a compartment-specific manner. We have identified three proteins required for the thio modification of cytosolic tRNA(Gln), tRNA( @entity367 ), and tRNA(Lys). RNA interference-mediated ablation of these proteins results in the cytosolic accumulation non-thio-modified tRNAs but does not increase their import. Moreover, in vitro import experiments showed that both thio-modified and non-thio-modified tRNA( @entity367 ) can efficiently be imported into mitochondria. These results indicate that unlike previously suggested the cytosol-specific thio modifications do not function as antideterminants for mitochondrial tRNA import. Consistent with these results we showed by using inducible expression of a tagged tRNA( @entity367 ) that it is mainly the thiolated form that is imported in vivo. Unexpectedly, the imported tRNA becomes dethiolated after import, which explains why the non-thiolated form is enriched in mitochondria. Finally, we have identified two genes required for thiolation of imported tRNA(Trp) whose wobble @entity377 is subject to mitochondrial C to U editing. Interestingly, down-regulation of thiolation resulted in an increase of edited tRNA(Trp) but did not affect growth.

title: Thiolated tRNAs of XXXX are imported into mitochondria and dethiolated after import.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity3177 :: ('5691', 'Species') :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']

answer: @entity3177 :: (5691,Species) :: ['Trypanosoma brucei']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Important biochemical markers for the low-grade vascular @entity32 and @entity409 that characterize the earliest events in the pathogenesis of @entity731 are CRP and the adhesion molecules @entity2071 and @entity4725 . This study aims to evaluate, in healthy Arab adolescent subjects aged 10-19 yr, the reference ranges for these markers and their associations with such determinants as age, gender, body mass and @entity2690 sensitivity. METHODS: There were 774 Kuwaiti subjects (316 @entity1 and 456 @entity1 ) aged mean (SD) 14.5 (2.2) yr. All had detailed clinical examination, anthropometry (to derive BMI) and assessment of fasting serum levels of CRP, @entity2071 , @entity22827 ) to derive their reference values. Associations with putative determinants were explored by logistic regression analyses. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The reference ranges (mean (SD)) were: CRP 0.28 (0.49) mg/dl; @entity2071 , 286 (119)ng/ml; @entity4725 , 1148 (352)ng/ml; HOMA-IR, 4.57 (5.05). These parameters were significantly higher in @entity1 than in @entity1 , and in the overweight/ @entity28 and those aged < or =14 yr. BMI was significantly and independently related to CRP and @entity2071 even after adjusting for age, gender, socio-demographic factors, diet and exercise. Levels of these markers were significantly influenced by age and gender. CONCLUSION: BMI, age and gender are significant predictors of serum levels of circulating inflammatory biomarkers, particularly @entity2071 , CRP and HOMA-IR. These atherogenic processes therefore probably cluster together in early life in individuals at increased later heart disease risk. Preventive public health measures should therefore commence in early childhood.

title: Circulating markers of XXXX and @entity409 in Arab adolescent subjects: reference ranges and associations with age, gender, body mass and @entity2690 sensitivity.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Interrupting the afferent signals that travel through the splanchnic nerves by multiportal thoracoscopic splanchnotomy can offer effective palliation in chronic @entity788 . However, obtained results weaken after time, possibly necessitating repeat procedures. Given the palliative nature of this procedure, potential for iatrogenic damage should be kept at a minimum. So, in order to minimize invasiveness while optimizing repeatability, we sought to create an easily reproducible single-access port operative strategy. METHODS: Four @entity1 suffering from intractable @entity158 due to chronic @entity788 for >10 years (12.8    5.9) underwent a single-port unilateral R5-R11 splanchnotomy. RESULTS: Postoperative recovery was uneventful. No operative complications were observed. All 4 @entity1 experienced excellent @entity158 relief with a significant improvement of Visual Analogue Scale @entity158 scores (8.8    1.0 preoperatively to 3.0    1.2 postoperatively, P = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS: We report the first series of single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic surgical (VATS) splanchnotomy for palliation of intractable @entity158 due to chronic @entity788 . From this small study, single-port VATS splanchnotomy seems to be a safe and effective alternative to multiportal or open procedures.

title: Single-port videoscopic splanchnotomy for palliation of refractory chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To establish changes on MR of the brain in a feline model of @entity5357 in order to develop standards by which this model may be used in future noninvasive studies. METHODS: Five affected felines and six age-matched, littermate controls were evaluated. T1- and T2-weighted images were obtained once or twice for each of four affected and five control animals at 4 1/2 to 12 weeks of age, for a total of 15 MR examinations. Images were evaluated qualitatively for the pattern of myelination and the size of the ventricular system. After the animals were killed, pathologic specimens of the brain were examined with light and electron microscopy, and pathologic changes were correlated with MR. RESULTS: Compared with control animals, affected animals showed MR evidence of delayed myelination, manifested by white matter signal hypointensity on T1-weighted images and signal hyperintensity on T2-weighted images. This finding was corroborated by histopathologic findings of decreased myelin in the subcortical and internal capsule regions. @entity62 were not detected ultrastructurally in the animals examined. CONCLUSION: Although @entity10707 is primarily a @entity528 , MR imaging can show changes in myelination of white matter tracts that may be secondary to the @entity528 . This provides a noninvasive method of in vivo monitoring as therapeutic strategies are developed in this animal model.

title: White matter changes associated with feline XXXX ( @entity5357 ): correlation of MR findings with pathologic and ultrastructural abnormalities.

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['White matter abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity5357 :: ('MESH:D012497', 'Disease') :: ['Sandhoff disease']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal damage', 'neuronal disease']

entities_list: @entity10707 :: ('MESH:D020143', 'Disease') :: ['GM2 gangliosidosis']

answer: @entity10707 :: (MESH:D020143,Disease) :: ['GM2 gangliosidosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We have recently reported the safety and efficacy of @entity968 3350 without electrolytes ( @entity970 ) for the daily treatment of @entity1142 in older @entity1 . Because there are very few data available on the use of @entity970 in @entity1 and toddlers, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of @entity970 for the treatment of @entity1142 in @entity1 <2 years of age. METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review of 75 constipated @entity1 <2 years of age at start of @entity970 therapy. @entity970 was started at an average dose of 1 g/kg body weight/d and parents were asked to adjust the dose to yield 1 to 2 soft painless stools/d. Data from the history and physical examination were collected initially and at short-term (<or=4 months) and long-term (>or=6 months) follow-up. RESULTS: 75 otherwise healthy @entity1 received @entity970 for functional @entity1142 . The mean age was 17 months (range, 1 to 24 months) and the mean duration of @entity1142 was 10 months (range, 0.5 to 23 months). The mean duration of short-term follow-up was 2 months and mean duration of long-term follow-up was 11 months. The mean effective short-term @entity970 dose was 1.1 g/kg body weight/d and the mean long-term dose was 0.8 g/kg body weight/d. Constipation was relieved in 85% with short-term and in 91% with long-term @entity970 therapy. Adverse effects were mild and included @entity294 , which disappeared with lowering the dose. No subjects stopped @entity970 because of adverse effects. CONCLUSION: @entity970 is effective, well tolerated and appeared safe for the treatment of functional @entity1142 in @entity1 <2 years of age.

title: @entity968 without electrolytes for the treatment of functional XXXX in @entity1 and toddlers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

answer: @entity1142 :: (MESH:D003248,Disease) :: ['constipation']


abstract: Thirty consecutive surgical @entity1 with @entity463 , were operated upon using fluorescence induced by @entity2518 as guidance. The fluorescent quality of the tissue was used to take biopsies from the @entity5 center, from the invasive area around it and from adjacent normal-looking tissue. These samples were analyzed with HE, Ki-67 and nestin. Nestin expression in tissue surrounding @entity463 cases was compared to tissue surrounding @entity455 , @entity3 and @entity131 . The rate of gross total resection assessed by volumetric MRI was 83%. Using HE examination as the gold standard, fluorescence identified solid @entity5 with 100% positive predictive value, invasive areas with 97%, and normal tissue with 67% negative predictive value. Ki67 stained some cells in 69% of the non-fluorescent samples around the @entity5 . There was always strong nestin expression around the @entity5 but it was similar to control cases in @entity11 lesions with subacute expansion. @entity2518 fluorescence guidance is very reliable and can help to study the @entity5 -brain interface. Nestin expression is strong and constant in the tissue around the @entity5 , but is mostly an acute glial reaction, not specific of the @entity5 . Nestin staining is not recommended as a @entity5 stem cell marker.

title: Pathological characterization of the @entity463 border as shown during surgery using XXXX -induced fluorescence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['hippocampal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['non-glioma']

entities_list: @entity2518 :: ('CHEBI:17549', 'Chemical') :: ['5-aminolevulinic acid']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity2518 :: (CHEBI:17549,Chemical) :: ['5-aminolevulinic acid']


abstract: Hibernation is an established strategy used by some homeothermic organisms to survive cold environments. In true hibernation, the core body temperature of an animal may drop to below 0  C and metabolic activity almost cease. The phenomenon of hibernation in @entity1 is receiving renewed interest since several cases of victims exhibiting core body temperatures as low as 13.7  C have been revived with minimal lasting deficits. In addition, local cooling during radiotherapy has resulted in normal tissue protection. The experiments described in this paper were prompted by the results of a very limited pilot study, which showed a suppressed DNA repair response of @entity19 lymphocytes collected from animals subjected to 7-Gy total body irradiation under hypothermic (13  C) conditions, compared to normothermic controls. Here we report that @entity1 BJ-hTERT cells exhibited a pronounced radioprotective effect on clonogenic survival when cooled to 13  C during and 12h after irradiation. Mild @entity2332 at 20 and 30  C also resulted in some radioprotection. The neutral comet assay revealed an apparent lack on double strand break (DSB) rejoining at 13  C. Extension of the @entity19 lymphocyte study to ex vivo-irradiated @entity1 lymphocytes confirmed lower levels of induced phosphorylated @entity6714 ( @entity6714 ) and persistence of the lesions at @entity2332 compared to the normal temperature. Parallel studies of radiation-induced oxidatively clustered DNA lesions (OCDLs) revealed partial repair at 13  C compared to the rapid repair at 37  C. For both @entity6714 foci and OCDLs, the return of lymphocytes to 37  C resulted in the resumption of normal repair kinetics. These results, as well as observations made by others and reviewed in this study, have implications for understanding the radiobiology and protective mechanisms underlying @entity2332 and potential opportunities for exploitation in terms of protecting normal tissues against radiation.

title: XXXX postpones DNA damage repair in irradiated cells and protects against cell killing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity2332 :: (MESH:D007035,Disease) :: ['Hypothermia']