abstract: A 69-year-old male was suspected of having @entity2 by sputum cytology and diagnosed as @entity957 ( @entity957 ) at the spur of left B(1+2)/B(3). However, after the first bronchoscopy, no suspicious lesion was detected by any examinations. Therefore, we considered that @entity5 cells had been removed completely by the initial examination, and the @entity1 was followed up by sputum cytology, chest roentgenogram, and bronchoscopy. Sixteen months later from the initial examination, bronchoscopy was performed for follow-up. The bronchoscopic findings showed the elevation of the surface of left B(1+2) a+b, but the cytologic specimen by brushing toward B(1+2) a+b showed negative findings. However, the lesion had developed to polypoid-shaped @entity5 and obstructed B(1+2) a+b after the next 6 months. The @entity5 was diagnosed as @entity957 , and hilar and mediastinal nodal involvement was suspected on chest computed tomography. The standard thoracotomy was performed and the pathological results showed positive for nodal involvement on hilus and mediastinum. The @entity5 is considered to arise from the @entity5 cells of initially detected @entity957 . In conclusion, although some ROSCCs regress by the diagnostic examinations, it is important to detect the recurrence of @entity5 cells as early as possible by intensive follow-up.

title: XXXX involving mediastinal lymph nodes after removal of initial lesion by the diagnostic examination.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'residual cancer', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'ROSCC', 'roentgenographically occult squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Roentgenographically occult bronchogenic squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: Although it has been hypothesized that the synteny between @entity19 and @entity1 genes provides an approach to the localization of genes that determine quantitative traits in @entity1 , this has yet to be demonstrated. We tested this approach with two quantitative traits, plasma @entity3294 ( @entity3294 ) and free @entity844 ( @entity6334 ) levels. @entity3294 is the second most abundant protein of high density lipoprotein particles, but its function remains largely unknown. We now show that, in a backcross between strains Mus spretus and C57BL/6J, @entity3294 levels correlate with plasma @entity6334 concentrations on both chow (P < 0.0001) and high-fat (P < 0.0003) diets and that @entity3294 levels are linked to the @entity3294 gene (P < 0.0002). To test whether variations of the @entity3294 gene influence plasma lipid metabolism in @entity1 , we studied 306 individuals in 25 families enriched for @entity453 . The segregation of the @entity3294 gene was followed by using an informative simple sequence repeat in the second intron of the gene and two nearby genetic markers. Robust sib-pair linkage analysis was performed on members of these families using the SAGE linkage programs. The results suggest linkage between the @entity1 @entity3294 gene and a gene controlling plasma @entity3294 levels (P = 0.03). Plasma @entity3294 levels were also significantly correlated with plasma @entity6334 levels (P = 0.007). Moreover, the @entity3294 gene exhibited linkage with a gene controlling @entity6334 levels (P = 0.003). Evidence for nonrandom segregation was seen with markers as far as 6-12 centimorgans from the @entity3294 structural locus. These data provide evidence, in two species, that the @entity3294 gene is linked to a gene that controls plasma @entity3294 levels and that @entity3294 influences, by an unknown mechanism, plasma @entity6334 levels. The results illustrate the utility of animal studies for analysis of complex traits.

title: Evidence for linkage of the apolipoprotein A-II locus to plasma apolipoprotein A-II and free @entity844 levels in @entity19 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity3294 :: ('336', 'Gene') :: ['apoAII', 'ApoAII', 'apolipoprotein A-II']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['humans']


abstract: Although most @entity7172 ( @entity7172 ) are of little clinical significance, @entity1 with @entity7172 occasionally have an unfavorable outcome, especially when they present with bulky nodal @entity3 or distant @entity3 . We have attempted to identify "high-risk" @entity7172 by evaluating clinical, pathologic, and immunohistochemical prognostic factors. Among 190 @entity1 with a @entity35477 , 156 without clinically apparent nodal @entity3 had a benign course. The remaining 34 @entity1 , who presented with cervical @entity3329 of at least 1 cm, were studied. Three of the four @entity1 who developed distant @entity3 died of the disease, and the other died of local recurrence. All @entity1 who developed distant @entity3 or died of the disease had both nodal @entity3 of at least 3 cm and a nonencapsulated type of @entity75 . All @entity1 who developed distant @entity3 showed both extracapsular extension of the metastatic lesions in lymph nodes and positive staining for @entity1934 ( @entity1934 ) (a potent growth inhibitor) in the @entity75 . The Ki-67 (an indicator of cell proliferation) labeling indices in the primary and metastatic nodal lesions of @entity1 who died of @entity5 were significantly higher than those of the others with @entity66 . None of the @entity1 showed @entity876 (nuclear tumor-suppressor phosphoprotein) overexpression. In conclusion, @entity1 with @entity35477 who have both 3 cm or larger @entity3329 and a nonencapsulated type of @entity75 may be regarded as high-risk @entity1 . Immunohistologic positivity for Ki-67 and @entity1934 in @entity5 cells is a potential indicator of aggressively malignant @entity35477 .

title: Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical studies of @entity7172 presenting with cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['nonfatal disease']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1934 :: ('7043', 'Gene') :: ['TGFbeta3', 'transforming growth factor-beta3']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity7172 :: ('MESH:C563277', 'Disease') :: ['PMCs', 'papillary thyroid microcarcinomas']

answer: @entity3329 :: (MESH:D008206,Disease) :: ['lymphadenopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: @entity15505 ( @entity15505 ) has an established role in suppressing the severity of @entity647 ( @entity647 ), especially when it was applied together with transplantation of @entity1 umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (uMSCs). Although the effects of @entity15505 in @entity647 are believed to mainly result from its role in hydrolyzing @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ), which subsequently reduces the vascular @entity2701 and subsequent pulmonary accumulation of inflammatory cells, we and others have recently reported a possible role of @entity15505 in suppressing the @entity647 -induced apoptosis of pulmonary endothelial cells. However, the underlying mechanisms remain undetermined. METHODS: Here, we analyzed the alteration in @entity651 severity in @entity647 after @entity15505 , by histology and inflammatory cytokine levels. We analyzed apoptosis-associated proteins in lung after @entity647 , as well as in cultured endothelial cells treated with @entity842 (NO). We overexpressed @entity8110 to inhibit @entity2536 signaling in cultured endothelial cells and examined its effects on NO-induced cell apoptosis. RESULTS: @entity15505 alleviated severity of @entity651 after @entity647 . @entity15505 significantly decreased the @entity647 -induced apoptosis of pulmonary cells in vivo, and @entity15505 protected endothelial cells against NO-induced apoptosis in vitro. NO induced phosphorylation of a key factor of @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) receptor signaling, @entity2536 , which could be dose-dependently inhibited by @entity15505 . Inhibition of @entity2536 phosphorylation through expression of its inhibitor @entity8110 significantly inhibited NO-induced cell apoptosis, without need for @entity15505 . CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that @entity15505 -mediated @entity2178 degradation may inhibit @entity2178 -mediated @entity2536 -phophorylation, possibly through a @entity2533 -independent manner, which subsequently suppresses the @entity647 -induced cell death. Our results thus reveal a novel molecular pathway that controls the pathogenesis of @entity647 .    2015 S. Karger AG, Basel.

title: Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 Inhibits Apoptosis of Pulmonary Endothelial Cells During @entity647 Through Suppressing XXXX Phosphorylation.

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II', 'AngII']

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injury']

entities_list: @entity15505 :: ('59272', 'Gene') :: ['ACE2', 'Angiotensin converting enzyme 2']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor b', 'TGFb', 'TGF b']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity647 :: ('MESH:D055371', 'Disease') :: ['acute lung injury', 'ALI']

answer: @entity2536 :: (4087,Gene) :: ['SMAD2']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity746 ( @entity746 ) is a progressive @entity179 , characterized clinically by motor neuron symptoms and @entity303 , and pathologically by degeneration of the motor neurons of the brain and spinal cord as well as @entity1315 . So far, there has been no study on the correlation of MR images with histologic findings in @entity746 . We studied the correlation of antemortem and postmortem T2-weighted MR images with histologic findings in autopsy-proved cases of @entity746 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Antemortem and postmortem T2-weighted images were compared with histologic findings in 3 autopsy-proved cases of @entity746 . RESULTS: Antemortem MR images showed @entity1315 , which were asymmetric in the medial-ventral part of the temporal lobe. @entity1163 was seen in the medial-ventral part of the temporal subcortical white matter in 1 case. Postmortem T2-weighted images showed linear subcortical hyperintensity in the ventral-medial temporal lobe in each case. Histologically, cortical @entity194 on MR images showed @entity7495 with @entity528 and @entity5219 especially in the superficial layers and linear subcortical hyperintensity on T2-weighted images showed @entity528 in each case. These findings are characteristic histologic changes of @entity746 . CONCLUSION: MR imaging of @entity1315 with linear subcortical hyperintensities in the anteromedial temporal lobe is useful for diagnosis of @entity746 .

title: Cerebral cortical and white matter lesions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with XXXX : correlation with MR and pathologic examinations.

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['Faint linear T2-hyperintensity']

entities_list: @entity7495 :: ('MESH:D017825', 'Disease') :: ['spongiform change']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['atrophy of the frontal and temporal lobes', 'atrophy of the frontal and/or temporal lobes']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['neurodegenerative disorder']

entities_list: @entity746 :: ('MESH:D000690', 'Disease') :: ['ALSD', 'Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['degeneration and gliosis', 'neuronal loss']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: Preoperative staging for @entity420 is suboptimal for predicting outcomes when compared with pathological data. The aim of this study was to assess if the quantitative values obtained by preoperative @entity419 positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) are independent prognostic indicators for survival in @entity1 with resectable @entity7145 undergoing surgical treatment without neoadjuvant therapy. @entity1 were identified from a prospective database, survival analyses were undertaken using log rank and Cox method. The median follow-up was 44 months (range 18-61 months). Between November 2002 and November 2005, 45 consecutive @entity1 underwent FDG-PET followed by surgery. The median age was 72 years (range 38-82 years). On univariate analysis of overall survival and disease-free survival, preoperative FDG-PET maximum standardized uptake value (SUV(max); P= 0.008 and P= 0.015, respectively) and postoperative pathological stage (P= 0.001 and P= 0.001, respectively) as well as postoperative histological grade (P= 0.001 and P= 0.001, respectively) were significantly associated with outcome. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that only the postoperative pathological variables were independent predictors of outcome (Wald 11.81, P= 0.001). Preoperative FDG-PET SUV(max) is associated with outcome after @entity420 resection but remains less accurate than postoperative variables. A high FDG-PET SUV(max) could be used to identify a high-risk population who would benefit most from neoadjuvant therapies.

title: Prognostic value of maximum standardized uptake values from preoperative positron emission tomography in resectable XXXX treated by surgery alone.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['esophageal adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity419 :: ('MESH:D019788', 'Chemical') :: ['18F-fluorodeoxyglucose']

entities_list: @entity7145 :: ('MESH:C562730', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the esophagus']

answer: @entity7145 :: (MESH:C562730,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma of the esophagus']


abstract: The @entity1985 is associated with disturbances in plasma lipid pattern and metabolism. However, the reason for these perturbations is poorly understood. In the present study, we have investigated hepatic @entity412 metabolism in @entity8424 -induced @entity1985 in @entity35 . @entity1985 @entity35 displayed a 70% increase in hepatic @entity412 levels compared to controls (16.9 +/- 1.6 vs. 9.8 +/- 0.6 mumol/g liver; means +/- SEM, P < 0.01). The capacity for hepatic mitochondrial beta-oxidation of @entity1718 was substantially elevated (80%). This was associated with a rise in the liver content of the @entity844 carrier @entity6211 (1.24 +/- 0.06 vs. 0.85 +/- 0.07 mumol/g dry weight, P < 0.05). A positive correlation between the levels of @entity4162 and @entity6625 was found in normal as well as in @entity1985 @entity35 , implying that @entity6211 plays an important role as an @entity16374 group acceptor in the liver under normo- and hyperlipidemic conditions. Changes in @entity6211 levels seem to be tightly coupled to the rate of @entity844 oxidation. There was a significant elevation in the activity of @entity8435 phosphohydrolase (E.C. 3.1.3.4) in liver microsomes from @entity1985 @entity35 (1.07 +/- 0.09 vs. 0.81 +/- 0.04 nmol/min.mg protein, P < 0.02). Hepatic very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)- @entity412 secretion rate was 18% higher in @entity1985 @entity35 than in controls. The results demonstrate a deranged hepatic @entity412 metabolism in @entity3450 , with an increased hepatic @entity412 biosynthesis, a sizable accumulation of hepatic @entity1674 , and only a modest increase in VLDL @entity412 secretion. In addition, mitochondrial beta-oxidation of @entity1718 was enhanced, associated with an increased availability of @entity6211 .

title: On the interrelationship between hepatic @entity6211 , @entity844 oxidation, and @entity412 biosynthesis in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity8435 :: ('CHEBI:16337', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidate']

entities_list: @entity6625 :: ('MESH:D000105', 'Chemical') :: ['acetyl-CoA']

entities_list: @entity6211 :: ('MESH:D002331', 'Chemical') :: ['carnitine']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity4162 :: ('MESH:D000108', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcarnitine']

entities_list: @entity3450 :: ('MESH:D009401', 'Disease') :: ['nephrosis']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity8424 :: ('MESH:D011692', 'Chemical') :: ['puromycin aminonucleoside']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome', 'nephrotic', 'Nephrotic']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity3450 :: (MESH:D009401,Disease) :: ['nephrosis']


abstract: The effect of prolonged moderate-intensity exercise on @entity1 skeletal muscle @entity8582 -activated protein kinase ( @entity58974 activity and @entity6625 carboxylase (ACCbeta) and neuronal @entity842 synthase (nNOSmu) phosphorylation was investigated. Seven active healthy individuals cycled for 30 min at a workload requiring 62.8 +/- 1.3% of peak @entity3612 consumption (VO(2 peak)) with muscle biopsies obtained from the vastus lateralis at rest and at 5 and 30 min of exercise. @entity21060 activity was not altered by exercise; however, @entity33725 activity was significantly (P < 0.05) elevated after 5 min (approximately 2-fold), and further elevated (P < 0.05) after 30 min (approximately 3-fold) of exercise. ACCbeta phosphorylation was increased (P < 0.05) after 5 min (approximately 18-fold compared with rest) and increased (P < 0.05) further after 30 min of exercise (approximately 36-fold compared with rest). Increases in @entity33725 activity were significantly correlated with both increases in ACCbeta phosphorylation and reductions in muscle glycogen content. Fat oxidation tended (P = 0.058) to increase progressively during exercise. Muscle @entity1734 was lower (P < 0.05), and muscle creatine, calculated free @entity8582 , and free @entity8582 -to- @entity855 ratio were higher (P < 0.05) at both 5 and 30 min of exercise compared with those at rest. At 30 min of exercise, the values of these metabolites were not significantly different from those at 5 min of exercise. Phosphorylation of nNOSmu was variable, and despite the mean doubling with exercise, statistically significance was not achieved (P = 0.304). Western blots indicated that AMPKapproximately 2 was associated with both nNOSmu and ACCbeta consistent with them both being substrates of @entity33725 in vivo. In conclusion, @entity33725 activity and ACCbeta phosphorylation increase progressively during moderate exercise at approximately 60% of VO(2 peak) in @entity1 , with these responses more closely coupled to muscle glycogen content than muscle @entity8582 / @entity855 ratio.

title: Progressive increase in @entity1 skeletal muscle XXXX activity and ACC phosphorylation during exercise.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1734 :: ('CHEBI:17287', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine phosphate']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity33725 :: (5563,Gene) :: ['AMPKalpha2']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To determine the use of surgical d  bridement in the management of low-velocity @entity130 ( @entity130 ) resulting in pelvis @entity174 . DESIGN: : Retrospective chart review. SETTING: Level I @entity130 center in a major metropolitan area. @entity1 : Fifty-six @entity1 from 1991 to 2007 treated for pelvis @entity130 with resulting pelvis @entity174 with six acute mortalities and 40 @entity1 with at least 1-year follow-up. INTERVENTION: @entity1 data were reviewed for incidence of @entity281 related to pelvis @entity130 . Information regarding surgical d  bridement of pelvis GSI wounds, retained @entity344 was analyzed for relationships of such events to @entity281 rate. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Incidence of @entity281 related to pelvis @entity130 at least 1 year after GSI date. RESULTS: Three @entity1 (6%) developed a @entity281 related to their pelvis @entity130 . There were no cases of @entity4034 . The rate of concomitant @entity344 was 36% and the overall @entity281 rate among those with @entity344 was 12% versus 3% for those without a @entity344 (P = 0.34). There were @entity281 rates of 7% and 6% among @entity1 who underwent surgical d  bridement and those who did not, respectively. Of those with @entity344 , 41% underwent primary surgical d  bridement and none developed @entity281 . In the group of remaining @entity1 with @entity344 who did not undergo d  bridement of their GSI wounds, two (20%) developed an @entity281 . The mortality rate of low-energy @entity130 to the pelvis was six of 53 (11%). CONCLUSION: There was no increased incidence of @entity281 in the absence of aggressive surgical d  bridement of pelvis GSI wounds. The study also demonstrated that retained bullets and bullet fragments did not increase the risk of @entity281 , even after penetrating the GI tract organs. Finally, this study suggests there may be an increased risk of @entity281 related to pelvis @entity130 compared with reported @entity281 rates related to @entity130 of the extremities, likely secondary to a high rate of concomitant @entity344 associated with pelvis @entity130 ; however, there was no incidence of @entity4034 .

title: The role of d  bridement in low-velocity civilian XXXX resulting in pelvis @entity174 : a retrospective review of acute infection and inpatient mortality.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity4034 :: ('MESH:D010019', 'Disease') :: ['osteomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['foreign bodies, and/or concomitant gastrointestinal (GI) injury', 'GI injuries', 'GI injury']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'deep infection']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['GSIs', 'gunshot injuries', 'trauma']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['gunshot injuries']


abstract: Perivascular stimulation of the hepatic nerves in the in situ perfused @entity35 liver with a constant frequency of 20 Hz over a constant period of 5 min had previously been shown to cause an increase of @entity413 output, a shift from @entity880 uptake to release, a reduction in perfusion flow (Hartmann et al. (1982) Eur. J. Biochem. 123, 521-526) and an overflow of @entity1063 into the hepatic vein (Beckh et al. (1982) FEBS Lett. 149, 261-265). In the present study the dependence of the metabolic and hemodynamic effects on the frequency between 1 and 30 Hz and duration of stimulation between 0.5 and 5 min was investigated. Over a constant stimulation period of 5 min the alteration in @entity413 exchange was maximal with a frequency of 10 Hz and half-maximal with 4 Hz. The corresponding values for the exchange of @entity880 were 5 Hz and 2 Hz, respectively, and for the perfusion flow 2.5 Hz and 1.5 Hz, respectively. An increase of @entity1063 overflow was not observed with the lower frequencies of 1 and 2.5 Hz; it was maximal at 10 Hz and half-maximal at 6.5 Hz. At a constant frequency of 20 Hz the increase in @entity413 release was maximal with a total stimulation period of 1 min and half-maximal with a period of 0.4 min. An essentially maximal alteration of @entity880 exchange and perfusion flow as well as of @entity1063 overflow was also effected by a stimulation period of 1 min.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Control of glycogenolysis and hemodynamics in perfused XXXX liver by the sympathetic innervation. Dependence on stimulation frequency and duration.

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The use of @entity1140 is complicated by its narrow therapeutic index and wide intra- and interpatient variability. We have previously described a @entity1140 population pharmacokinetics model obtained in an adult kidney transplant cohort. The aims of the present study were (1) to validate that model using an external dataset and (2) to evaluate the prediction using a Bayesian method. Data were retrospectively collected from 34 adult @entity1 receiving kidney transplantation. Trough blood concentrations of @entity1140 were predicted using the empirical Bayesian method with sparse samples obtained during the previous week. The system performance was evaluated by the @entity2246 ( @entity2246 ), mean absolute prediction error (MAE). and @entity2246 ( @entity2246 ). @entity1 were administrated oral or intravenous @entity1140 as part of a triple immunosuppressive regimen with @entity618 and @entity288 . Subsequent doses were adjusted on the basis of clinical evidence of efficacy and @entity137 and by routine therapeutic drug monitoring. In our previous model, clearance increased with post transplantation days and with @entity229 dosage. Concentrations predicted by the population mean pharmacokinetic parameter values match well with observed concentrations during oral therapy. Bayesian prediction using trough concentrations obtained after 21  days of treatment significantly decreased @entity2246 , MAE, and @entity2246 compared with predictions from data including this period. After 21  days of treatment, there was an insignificant bias @entity2246 (0.22      2.59  ng/ml), a reasonable precision MAE (1.97      1.69  ng/ml) and @entity2246 (1.28      0.58  ng/ml). The present study demonstrates the suitability of the Bayesian method for the prediction of trough blood concentrations of @entity1140 using only few samples in adult kidney transplantation recipients.

title: Prediction @entity1140 blood levels based on the Bayesian method in adult kidney transplant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2246 :: ('MESH:D008661', 'Disease') :: ['RMSE', 'root mean square error', 'mean prediction error', 'ME']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Several distinct T lymphocyte subpopulations with immunoregulatory activity have been described in a number of @entity1 species. This study performed a phenotypic analysis of cells expressing regulatory T cell (Treg) markers in the peripheral blood of a cohort of 18 @entity1641 aged 6 months to 23 years, using antibodies to both intracellular and cell surface markers, including @entity57970 ( @entity57970 ), @entity28160 , CD8, @entity57971 , @entity34669 and @entity34670 ( @entity34670 ). In peripheral blood, a mean of 2.2    0.2% @entity28160 + and 0.5    0.1% CD8+ lymphocytes expressed @entity57970 . The mean percentage of @entity28160 + @entity57970 + cells was found to be significantly decreased in @entity1641 15 years and older (1.5%) as compared to @entity1641 6 years and younger (2.7%), but did not differ between females and males and ponies and @entity1641 . Activation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells by pokeweed mitogen resulted in induction of @entity57971 and @entity57970 expression by @entity28160 + cells, with peak expression noted after 48 and 72 h in culture respectively. Activated @entity28160 + @entity57970 + cells expressed IFNy (35% of @entity57970 + cells) or @entity34670 (9% @entity57970 + cells). Cell sorting was performed to determine @entity57970 expression by @entity28160 (+) @entity57971 (-), @entity28160 (+) @entity57971 (dim) and @entity28160 (+) @entity57971 (high) subpopulations. Immediately following sorting, the percentage of @entity28160 + @entity57970 + cells was higher within the @entity28160 (+) @entity57971 (high) population (22.7-26.3%) compared with the @entity57971 (dim) (17% cells) but was similar within the @entity28160 (+) @entity57971 (dim) and @entity28160 (+) @entity57971 (high) cells after resting in @entity54127 (9-14%). Fewer than 2% of cells in the @entity28160 (+) @entity57971 (-) population expressed @entity57970 . These results demonstrate heterogeneity in @entity1641 lymphocyte subsets that express molecules associated with regulatory T cells. @entity28160 + @entity57970 + cells are likely to represent natural Tregs, with @entity28160 + @entity57970 + @entity34670 + cells representing either activated natural Tregs or inducible Tregs, and @entity28160 + @entity57970 +IFNy+ cells likely to represent activated Th1 cells.

title: Subpopulations of XXXX blood lymphocytes expressing regulatory T cell markers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['equine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To compare the acute and chronic effects of @entity594 retard ( @entity5563 ), @entity594 gastrointestinal therapeutic system (NGITS) and @entity3591 at trough and peak plasma concentrations of drug on blood pressure and heart rate, and on plasma @entity1063 and @entity1425 levels in @entity1 with mild-to-moderate @entity101 (diastolic blood pressure 95-115 mmHg). DESIGN AND METHODS: After 3-4 weeks' placebo treatment, @entity1 of both sexes were randomly allocated to be administered 10 or 20 mg @entity5563 twice a day, 30 or 60 mg NGITS once a day, and 5 or 10 mg @entity3591 once a day for 6 weeks. Initially, for the first 2 weeks, the lowest dose of each drug was used, but higher doses were administered after 2 weeks if sitting diastolic blood pressure was > 90 mmHg. @entity1 were evaluated after administration of the first dose and after 6 weeks' therapy in a hospital setting. Blood samples were taken for high-performance liquid chromatography measurement of @entity2922 and drug levels at various intervals for a period covering trough to peak drug level ranges. RESULTS: Administration of all three drugs reduced clinic blood pressure to the same level after 6 weeks' therapy, but heart rate was increased slightly only with @entity3591 (P < 0.05). Administration of @entity5563 reduced blood pressure more abruptly whereas administrations of NGITS and @entity3591 induced smoother falls after acute and chronic treatments: a significant increase in heart rate was observed with @entity3591 after chronic treatment. Both acute and chronic treatments with @entity5563 (n = 19) increased @entity1063 levels (P < 0.01) transiently (2-4 h). In contrast, administration of NGITS (n = 22) did not increase @entity1063 levels and even induced a slight but significant decrease in @entity1063 levels 5-6 h after chronic treatments. Although administration of @entity3591 (n = 22) did not increase @entity1063 levels transiently either after acute or after chronic administration, it did induce a sustained rise in basal @entity1063 levels by more than 50% after chronic therapy (P < 0.01). Plasma @entity1425 levels were not increased by any of the treatments and even a slight decrease was observed 4 h after administration of a dose following chronic treatments with NGITS and @entity3591 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The transient increase in @entity1063 levels observed with @entity5563 and the sustained increases in @entity1063 levels observed after chronic treatment with @entity3591 suggest that sympathetic activation occurs with those two drugs. The lack of increase in @entity1063 levels after administration of NGITS suggests that this formulation does not activate the sympathetic system. The lowering of @entity1425 levels after administrations of NGITS and @entity3591 suggests that inhibition of release of @entity1425 by the adrenal medulla occurs with longer-acting @entity7236 formulations.

title: Different effects of @entity594 and @entity3591 on circulating @entity2922 levels in essential XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity7236 :: ('MESH:C038806', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydropyridine']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity3591 :: ('MESH:D017311', 'Chemical') :: ['amlodipine']

entities_list: @entity2922 :: ('CHEBI:33567', 'Chemical') :: ['catecholamine']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: PURPOSE: Some researchers in Europe, America and Oceania have recently reported that the incidence of @entity161 is declining. We investigated changes in the proportion of @entity161 @entity1 to the total number of @entity1 in two Japanese hospitals during the last decade. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The subjects were @entity1 who first consulted the @entity146 clinic of Jichi Medical School or the @entity146 clinic of Kamitsuga General Hospital between December 1993 and November 1994 or between December 2003 and November 2004. Both clinics accepted new @entity1 without prior appointments. @entity1 were classified using ICD-10 criteria (F0-F9, G40). The sex distribution of the @entity1 and the mean age at first contact were compared for the two time periods. The proportion of @entity161 (F2 in the ICD-10 criteria) to the total number of @entity1 was compared for the two time periods after standardizing the populations with regard to age using the "1985 model population in Japan." RESULTS: A decade ago, 398 @entity1 first contacted the @entity146 clinic of the medical school hospital, compared with 958 @entity1 in the recent investigation. A decade ago, 166 @entity1 first contacted the @entity146 clinic of the general hospital, compared with 407 @entity1 in the recent investigation. No differences in the sex ratios of the two groups were noted. The mean age of the @entity1 visiting the medical school significantly increased by 3.5 years (36.9 to 40.4 years), while that of the @entity1 visiting the general hospital significantly increased by 10.0 years (46.2 to 56.2 years). The proportion of @entity161 @entity1 in the medical hospital decreased from 8.5% to 6.9%, while that in the general hospital decreased from 11.0% to 5.4%. Only the change in the proportion of @entity161 @entity1 at the general hospital was significant. CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION: The facts that the mean age of first-contact @entity1 has risen and that the number of first-contact @entity1 has increased approximately 2.5-fold suggests a change in the composition of first-contact @entity1 in the last decade. We have some reservations regarding the comparison of these two groups. Although the actual number of first-contact @entity1 with @entity161 increased in both clinics, we found that the proportions of @entity161 @entity1 decreased in both clinics after standardizing the populations with regard to age. This finding must be investigated in view of other factors, including the overall age distribution of first-contact @entity1 , increases in the proportions of @entity1316 and @entity347 , and so on.

title: [Is the incidence of @entity161 declining?: an investigation of the examination rates in the XXXX clinics of a medical school hospital and a general hospital].

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['affective disorders']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia', 'schizophrenic']

entities_list: @entity347 :: ('MESH:D019965', 'Disease') :: ['organic mental disorders']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical behaviour and pathology of @entity8880 in a well-defined population over a 30-year period. @entity1 AND METHODS: In a retrospective population-based study we assessed relevant clinical and pathological factors in 45 @entity1 (31 @entity1 and 14 @entity1 ) diagnosed with @entity8880 in Iceland between 1971 and 2000. Clinical presentation, pathology, survival and causes of @entity204 were evaluated. RESULTS: The age-standardized incidence was 0.3 per 100,000 per year for both @entity1 and @entity1 , the incidence of @entity1637 being 5.5% of @entity1358 ( @entity1358 ) diagnosed during the same period in Iceland. Fourteen @entity1 were diagnosed at autopsy for an unrelated disease. Of 31 living @entity1 (mean age 70.5 years), seven were diagnosed incidentally (23%), and the others had presented with haematuria (32%), @entity490 (29%), and @entity353 (10%). All the @entity1 had a radical nephrectomy, except for one with @entity1637 who had a partial nephrectomy. The mean (range) @entity5 size was 5.7 (0.9-12) cm. Eighteen @entity1 (58%) were diagnosed at Tumour-Node- @entity3 stage I, 10 at stage II (32%) and three at stage III (10%), all of those at stage III having renal capsular penetration or @entity5 invasion into perirenal fat tissue (T3aN0M0). No @entity1 were diagnosed with lymph node or distant @entity3 . Two cases of coexisting @entity1358 were detected. After a median follow-up of 8.3 years there were no recurrences or deaths from oncocytoma (100% disease-specific survival). The overall 5-year survival was 63%, with most @entity1 dying from @entity65 or @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: In most cases @entity8880 behaves like a @entity5 ; the long-term prognosis is excellent. Thus, in the present @entity1 , radical nephrectomy could be regarded as an over-treatment and nephron-sparing surgery as more appropriate, especially in @entity1 with small @entity5 . However, both coexisting @entity1358 and perirenal fat invasion, a hallmark of malignant behaviour, might indicate that more radical surgery is warranted in some of these @entity1 .

title: XXXX : a clinicopathological analysis of 45 consecutive cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity8880 :: ('MESH:C537750', 'Disease') :: ['renal oncocytoma']

entities_list: @entity1637 :: ('MESH:D018249', 'Disease') :: ['bilateral oncocytoma', 'oncocytomas']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'nonrenal cancers', 'benign tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinomas', 'RCCs', 'RCC']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'Metastasis']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases']

answer: @entity8880 :: (MESH:C537750,Disease) :: ['Renal oncocytoma']


abstract: A 51-year-old @entity1 presented with a focal @entity302 , fluctuating @entity75 . Antibodies to voltage-gated @entity972 channels (VGKC-Abs) were detected in his serum. Several features of this case were different from those previously reported in VGKC-Ab-associated @entity198 , illustrating that it may have a broader phenotype than previously documented. These features were: excess hepatic @entity68 deposits without @entity82 , @entity1662 and fluctuating neurological signs. Previous history included personality change, @entity308 , @entity6 , @entity2895 and @entity302 secondary to a @entity542 . He had never drunk @entity285 and had recovered from a similar episode 4 years previously. Both episodes resolved after approximately 2 months. The cerebrospinal fluid had a raised protein content but no organisms. The @entity1 was heterozygous for @entity14399 and negative for @entity14397 mutations excluding classical idiopathic @entity9595 . He recovered with supportive care to his premorbid level of health.

title: Voltage-gated XXXX channel antibody-related @entity75 : a case which may extend the documented phenotype of this condition.

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['encephalitis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['encephalopathy']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity9595 :: ('MESH:D006432', 'Disease') :: ['haemochromatosis']

entities_list: @entity2895 :: ('MESH:D015840', 'Disease') :: ['pupil sparing third nerve palsy']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity14397 :: ('p|SUB|H|63|D', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['H63D']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['reduced consciousness']

answer: @entity972 :: (MESH:D011188,Chemical) :: ['potassium']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This report describes our early experience and results with percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of @entity432 grafts in 12 @entity1 . BACKGROUND: Angioplasty has been successfully performed in saphenous vein and internal thoracic artery grafts; however, experience with angioplasty in @entity432 /coronary artery bypass grafts is limited. METHODS: Balloon angioplasty was performed in 12 @entity1 (11 @entity1 , 1 @entity1 ; mean age 58 +/- 8 years) with either @entity432 (6 @entity1 ) or severe @entity850 (6 @entity1 ) of a @entity453 . In seven @entity1 , a guide wire/balloon catheter system was used through a 7F sheath inserted into the celiac trunk. In seven @entity1 , including two who had unsuccessful wire/balloon angioplasty, an over the wire system was used through a 6.5F Cobra or 7F JR4 guide catheter, selectively inserted into the gastroduodenal artery. RESULTS: Angioplasty was successful in five (83%) of six @entity1 with @entity850 and in one of six @entity1 with @entity432 (p = 0.08, 1 - beta = 0.68). The guide wire could not be advanced through the lesion in five @entity1 , and the balloon catheter did not cross the lesion in one @entity1 whose @entity432 was tortuous. Catheters exhibited better trackability and pushability when the over the wire system was used, and five of the six successes were achieved using this approach. Follow-up arteriography was performed in five @entity1 , and all of the @entity432 grafts were patent without @entity850 . CONCLUSIONS: Angioplasty can be safely performed in stenosed @entity432 grafts. An over the wire system that uses a thin balloon catheter inserted through a guide catheter in the gastroduodenal artery seems optimal.

title: Percutaneous angioplasty of stenosed XXXX grafts.

entities_list: @entity432 :: ('MESH:D001157', 'Disease') :: ['gastroepiploic artery', 'total occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['gastroepiploic artery/coronary artery anastomosis']

answer: @entity432 :: (MESH:D001157,Disease) :: ['gastroepiploic artery']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Polymorphisms of the @entity14284 ( @entity14284 ) and @entity35632 tag SNP have been shown to be associated with the susceptibility to several immune-related diseases. This study was conducted to identify the association of @entity14284 and @entity35632 tag SNP with @entity1669 ( @entity1669 ) in the Chinese Han population. METHODS: We enrolled 1061 @entity1 with @entity1669 , including 701 @entity1 with @entity2743 ( @entity2743 ) and 360 @entity1 with @entity2621 ( @entity2621 ), and 938 healthy individuals for a case-control genetic association study. Three @entity14284 single nucleotides polymorphisms (SNPs) ( @entity46871 / @entity46869 / @entity46870 ) and one tagging SNP ( @entity59916 ) within @entity35632 gene were selected for genotyping by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and ligase detection reaction (LDR). RESULTS: The frequency of @entity59916 genotypes in the @entity1 with @entity2743 differed significantly from that in the controls (p   =   0.017). The frequency of the minor G allele of @entity59916 was significantly higher in the @entity2743 @entity1 than in the healthy controls (p   =   0.005, OR   =   1.225, 95% CI:1.063-1.412). However, we could not find significant differences in the genotype or allele frequencies of @entity2621 @entity1 compared with healthy controls. After gender stratification, the frequency of the minor G allele in both male and female @entity2743 @entity1 was significantly higher than that in the healthy controls (p   =   0.036, OR   =   1.308, 95% CI:1.017-1.684 ; p   =   0.048, OR   =   1.19, 95% CI:1.001-1.413; respectively);. Furthermore, the frequency of haplotype AT in @entity2743 @entity1 was significantly lower than that in their control groups (p   =   0.003) and showed a protective effect against @entity2743 (OR   =   0.806, 95% CI: 0.699-0.929). The frequency of haplotype GT in @entity2743 @entity1 was significantly higher than that in their control groups (p   =   0.048), indicating that GT was the risk haplotype to @entity2743 (OR   =   1.267, 95% CI: 1.001-1.603). There were no significant differences in the allele or genotype frequencies of three SNPs of @entity14284 ( @entity46871 / @entity46869 / @entity46870 ) gene between @entity2743 @entity1 , @entity2621 @entity1 and controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that the @entity59916 tag SNP of @entity35632 gene is positively associated with susceptibility to @entity2743 in the Chinese Han population. No association was found for the tested @entity14284 SNPs.

title: @entity35632 tag SNP but not @entity14284 polymorphisms is associated with XXXX in the Chinese Han population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ['GD', "Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1669 :: ('MESH:D013967', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune thyroid diseases', 'AITDs']

entities_list: @entity2621 :: ('MESH:D050031', 'Disease') :: ['HT', "Hashimoto's thyroiditis"]

entities_list: @entity14284 :: ('1235', 'Gene') :: ['CC chemokine receptor 6', 'CCR6']

answer: @entity1669 :: (MESH:D013967,Disease) :: ['autoimmune thyroid diseases']


abstract: The adsorption of @entity8863 from aqueous solution by @entity3703 -immobilised chitin (MC) was studied in batch mode. Two conventional adsorbents, cation exchange resin (CER) and activated @entity505 (AC) were used for the comparison. The physicochemical parameters including pH, concentration of adsorbent, temperature and initial @entity8863 concentration were optimised. Under the optimised conditions, the removal efficiencies of @entity8863 for MC, CER and AC were 91.67, 93.36 and 89.16%, respectively. In addition, the removal capacities of @entity8863 for MC, CER and AC were 56.71, 74.84 and 6.55 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption isotherm studies indicated that the adsorptive behaviour of @entity8863 on three adsorbents could be well described by the Langmuir model. The maximum adsorption capacities (qmax) for MC, CER and AC were 53.19, 89.29 and 5.82 mg/g, respectively. The applicability of the kinetic model has been investigated for MC. Experimental results indicated that a pseudo-second-order reaction model provided the best description of the data with a correlation coefficient 0.999 for different initial @entity8863 concentrations. The rate constants were also determined. Various thermodynamic parameters such as standard free energy (DeltaG 0), enthalpy (DeltaH 0) and entropy (DeltaS 0) were calculated for predicting the adsorption nature of MC. The results indicated that this system was a spontaneous and endothermic process.

title: Adsorption of copper ion on XXXX -immobilised chitin.

entities_list: @entity3703 :: ('MESH:D052203', 'Chemical') :: ['magnetite']

answer: @entity3703 :: (MESH:D052203,Chemical) :: ['magnetite']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: BackgroundWe have revealed that the type II @entity2366 kinases (DGKs)   ,    and    were expressed in the testis and ovary. However, these enzymes   functions in the reproductive organs remain unknown.ResultsIn this study, we first identified the expression sites of type II DGKs in the @entity19 reproductive organs in detail. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting confirmed that @entity58633 (splicing variant 2) but not @entity58633 (splicing variant 1) and @entity58633   were expressed in the testis, ovary and uterus. @entity58633 (splicing variant 1) but not @entity58633 (splicing variant 2) was strongly detected in the ovary and uterus. Interestingly, we found that a new alternative splicing product of the @entity58633   gene, @entity58633 , which lacks exon 26 encoding 31 @entity535 residues, was expressed only in the testis. Moreover, we investigated the distribution of type II DGKs in the testis, ovary and uterus through in situ hybridization. @entity58633 was distributed in the primary spermatocytes of the testis and ovarian follicles. @entity58633 was distributed in the oviductal epithelium of the ovary and the luminal epithelium of the uterus. Intriguingly, @entity58633 was strongly expressed in the secondary spermatocytes and round spermatids of the testis. @entity58633   was distributed in the primary and secondary spermatocyte of the testis.ConclusionThese results indicate that the expression patterns of the type II @entity58633 isoforms   2,   1,   3 and    differ from each other, suggesting that these @entity58633 isoforms play specific roles in distinct compartments and developmental stages of the reproductive organs, especially in the processes of spermatogenesis and oocyte maturation.

title: Distinct expression and localization of the type II XXXX kinase isozymes   ,    and    in the @entity19 reproductive organs.

entities_list: @entity2366 :: ('CHEBI:41847', 'Chemical') :: ['diacylglycerol']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

answer: @entity2366 :: (CHEBI:41847,Chemical) :: ['diacylglycerol']


abstract: Oral anticoagulation in @entity1 with @entity6331 for prevention of systemic @entity1031 is accepted clinical practice. The incidence of @entity64 in @entity1 with nonrheumatic @entity955 is about five times the rate of @entity1 in sinus rhythm. However, contradictory findings in several small retrospective studies have precluded determination of a gold standard for @entity1 with nonrheumatic @entity955 so far. Recently, the results of five prospective, placebo-controlled studies in @entity1 with nonrheumatic @entity955 treated with anticoagulation have been published. A consistent risk reduction of @entity1031 ranging from 37 to 87% in @entity1 treated with @entity1229 was reported. This risk reduction occurred in excess of a relatively low incidence of @entity1779 . The efficacy of prevention of @entity1031 was comparable for high intensity anticoagulation (International Normalized Ratio (INR) 2.8-4.2) and low dose anticoagulation (INR 1.5-2.7). However, fatal and/or intracerebral bleedings only occurred with INR > or = 2.6. In subgroup analysis, recent congestive @entity712 , arterial @entity101 , and previous apoplex or arterial @entity1031 were independent clinical predictors of increased risk for @entity1031 , whereas results in @entity1 with chronic and intermittent @entity955 were comparable. In 69 @entity1 with lone @entity955 , no single event occurred in the follow-up period. Thus, lone @entity955 does not seem to carry an increased risk for @entity64 when strict criteria for diagnosis of lone @entity955 are applied. In two of the five studies, @entity117 was additionally randomized. Since contradictory findings resulted, the role of @entity117 for prophylaxis of @entity64 still needs to be determined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Oral anticoagulation for prevention of XXXX in non-rheumatic @entity955 : indications, effectiveness and risk].

entities_list: @entity6331 :: ('MESH:D012214', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral and/or fatal bleeding complications']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1031 :: (MESH:D013923,Disease) :: ['thromboembolism']


abstract: Primary @entity149 carries a good prognosis because of their radiosensitivity. Recurrence is rare and extraneural @entity3 are even more unusual. We report a unique case of a primary @entity932 exhibiting complete response to radiotherapy, but recurring as an intra-abdominal yolk sac @entity5 . The presence of a @entity3548 shunt is thought to have facilitated metastatic spread of the @entity1313 . An 21-year-old (corrected) male was admitted with @entity10 and @entity1662 disturbance. Computed tomography (CT) revealed an enhanced @entity5 of the pineal region and @entity1276 . A ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was emplaced immediately. No serum @entity5 markers such as @entity160 or @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin were detectable. A test dose of radiotherapy (whole brain 20Gy) was given. The @entity5 size was remarkably decreased. Clinical diagnosis was @entity3438 . Additional whole brain radiation (total 45Gy) and whole spine radiation (20Gy) were given. The @entity5 and the @entity1276 regressed completely and the @entity1 returned to school. Three years later, he experienced a feeling of abdominal fullness. CT and echotomography of the abdomen showed a large peritoneal and @entity99 . But MRI revealed no recurrent @entity979 or of the other areas in the central nervous system. Radiological and clinical findings showed no @entity5 in the testis, the retroperitoneal cavity, or the thymus. Laboratory investigation demonstrated elevated serum @entity160 (26,550 ng/ml). @entity160 level regressed after combined chemotherapy. However, the @entity1 died due to @entity55 and @entity881 . Only needle necropsy was performed. The microscopic appearance of the peritoneal @entity5 was confirmed to be an @entity2970 . It was suspected to be a @entity3 of the @entity979 through the V-P shunt system.

title: [Extraneural @entity3 of XXXX through a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, following histological change].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial germinoma']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity979 :: ('MESH:D010871', 'Disease') :: ['pineal tumor', 'tumor of the pineal lesion']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity2970 :: ('MESH:D018240', 'Disease') :: ['endodermal sinus tumor']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['germinoma of the central nervous system']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastasis']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ failure']

entities_list: @entity1662 :: ('MESH:D003244', 'Disease') :: ['consciousness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['intra-hepatic tumor']

entities_list: @entity3438 :: ('MESH:D018237', 'Disease') :: ['germinoma']

answer: @entity979 :: (MESH:D010871,Disease) :: ['pineal germinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: In @entity6194 , apoptotic rate of peripheral cytotoxic T cells may be related with @entity130 . We aimed to investigate Fas ( @entity1197 ) expression of peripheral cytotoxic T cells and to show the in vitro effect of @entity4020 on Fas expression and apoptosis. METHODOLOGY: The study group consisted of 17 @entity1 with @entity6194 and control group consisted of 10 healthy subjects. Apoptotic cells were identified by flow-cytometric assay using @entity4404 and @entity2667 . We used monoclonal antibodies stained by direct immunofluorescent method to show surface molecules. @entity10762 monoclonal antibodies were used as anti-Fas antibodies. RESULTS: Basal expressions of @entity1197 and @entity405 + @entity1197 + in the peripheral mononuclear cells were higher in @entity6194 @entity1 than controls. In vitro treatment with @entity4020 increased the percentage of @entity405 + 95+ peripheral mononuclear blood cells in controls; this effect was less remarkable in @entity1 with @entity6194 , and the difference was not statistically significant. The number of apoptotic cytotoxic T cells also increased in 5 subjects of the study group and 3 subjects of controls; the percentage of @entity1197 + cells increased in 7 of 17 @entity1 and 8 of 10 controls. The percentage of @entity405 + 95+ cells and the apoptotic rate of @entity405 + cells were not different between study group and controls after combined treatment with @entity4020 and monoclonal stimulating anti-Fas antibodies. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that @entity4020 does not induce Fas-dependent apoptosis in @entity405 + peripheral T cells of the @entity1 with @entity6194 , and @entity1197 molecules on peripheral cytotoxic T cells might be defective.

title: The in vitro effect of @entity4020 on XXXX expression of T cells in hepatitis B.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2667 :: ('MESH:D011419', 'Chemical') :: ['propidium iodide']

entities_list: @entity6194 :: ('MESH:D019694', 'Disease') :: ['chronic hepatitis B', 'chronic B hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity4020 :: ('3440', 'Gene') :: ['interferon-alpha 2a']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['hepatocyte injury']

answer: @entity1197 :: (355,Gene) :: ['CD95']


abstract: We report a case of a 48-year-old @entity1 from western Austria with severe @entity2926 . This disease occurs worldwide but predominates in the tropics. The infectious urine of a wide variety of domestic and wild animals mediates transmission of the @entity281 , which characteristically has a biphasic pattern. It begins with the "leptospiraemic phase" with high fever, conjunctival suffusion, @entity925 and @entity10 . @entity99 , @entity1310 and @entity548 may follow. The second "immune phase" has a greater variety of clinical manifestations. Fever and the initial symptoms may recur and the central and peripheral nervous system may be involved. The @entity1 reported showed all major characteristics except conjunctival suffusion. The outcome was favourable despite some conditions with a poor prognosis ( @entity1087 , @entity177 , @entity548 ). The extreme severity of @entity1087 and the xanthopsia (yellow vision) make the case unique.

title: [ @entity2926 (Weil's syndrome) with @entity177 , severe @entity1087 , disseminated XXXX and xanthopsia].

entities_list: @entity1310 :: ('MESH:D009393', 'Disease') :: ['nephritis']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['Hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['muscle pain']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhages']


abstract: Seventy-two @entity1 with 76 @entity174 of the Lisfranc tarsometatarsal joint complex were evaluated. Fifty-eight (81%) were @entity1230 @entity1 and the remainder suffered @entity130 . Sixty of the original 72 @entity1 were available for long-term study. Eight of these had an amputation at or shortly after the original admission, leaving 52 @entity1 with 55 Lisfranc injuries for analysis. The average length of follow-up was 4.2 years (range, 20 months to 11 years). According to the Painful Foot Center scoring system, 27 feet (49%) achieved an excellent or good result and 28 (51%), a fair or poor result. Direct crush injuries did poorly with only one of eight scoring good or excellent. Of the various treatment modalities, open reduction and internal fixation with Kirschner wires yielded the best results. The major determinant of unacceptable results was identified as the quality of the initial reduction. Tarsal instability and late @entity179 caused most of the symptoms. Twenty-three of the 52 @entity1 (44%) have had or should have further mid-foot surgery to improve function and comfort. Because our results were often poor, our present protocol includes closed or open reduction and Kirschner wire internal fixation. Displacement greater than 2 mm or a talometatarsal angle greater than 15 degrees on radiographs following a closed reduction mandates open reduction.

title: XXXX of the tarsometatarsal joints: end results correlated with pathology and treatment.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture-dislocations']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['polytrauma']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative joint disease']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['isolated injuries']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Fracture dislocations']


abstract: Protein import into chloroplasts is initiated by a binding interaction between a precursor protein and the surface of the outer envelope. The binding step was previously shown to be energy-dependent (Olsen, L. J., @entity60383 , S. M., Selman, B. R., and Keegstra, K. (1989) J. Biol. Chem. 264, 6724-6729). We took advantage of the broad @entity377 specificity of the energy requirement for binding to investigate the site of the @entity9953 ( @entity9953 ) requirement. @entity3007 supported precursor binding to chloroplasts. It was not converted to @entity855 , as determined by direct @entity855 measurements, and was not transported across the inner envelope. Thus, @entity3007 supported binding from either the intermembrane space or outside the outer membrane. To distinguish between an intermembrane space and an external NTP requirement, we experimentally manipulated the NTP levels inside and outside chloroplasts. Internally generated @entity855 was able to support binding in the presence of an external membrane-impermeant @entity855 trap. Therefore, since @entity3007 supported binding from either the intermembrane space or outside the chloroplast, and @entity855 supported binding from either the intermembrane space or the stroma, we concluded that the site of NTP utilization for precursor binding to chloroplasts was the intermembrane space between the two envelope membranes.

title: The binding of precursor proteins to chloroplasts requires XXXX in the intermembrane space.

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity9953 :: ('CHEBI:17326', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside triphosphate', 'NTP']

answer: @entity9953 :: (CHEBI:17326,Chemical) :: ['nucleoside triphosphates']


abstract: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) is a chronic @entity209 that results from cell-mediated autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells. In @entity6 animal models, it has been shown that the systemic administration of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells, also referred as to mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), results in the regeneration of pancreatic islets. Mechanisms underlying this effect are still poorly understood. Our aims were to assess whether donor MSCs (a) differentiate into pancreatic b-cells and (b) modify systemic and pancreatic pathophysiologic markers of @entity6 . After the intravenous administration of 5   10(5) syngeneic MSCs, we observed that @entity19 with @entity6 reverted their @entity4854 and presented no donor-derived insulin-producing cells. In contrast, 7 and 65 days post-transplantation, MSCs were engrafted into secondary lymphoid organs. This correlated with a systemic and local reduction in the abundance of autoaggressive T cells together with an increase in regulatory T cells. Additionally, in the pancreas of @entity19 with @entity6 treated with MSCs, we observed a cytokine profile shift from proinflammatory to antinflammatory. MSC transplantation did not reduce pancreatic cell apoptosis but recovered local expression and increased the circulating levels of epidermal growth factor, a pancreatic trophic factor. Therefore, the antidiabetic effect of MSCs intravenously administered is unrelated to their transdifferentiation potential but to their capability to restore the balance between @entity630 and @entity61 immunological responses along with the modification of the pancreatic microenvironment. Our data should be taken into account when designing clinical trials aimed to evaluate MSC transplantation in @entity1 with @entity6 since the presence of endogenous precursors seems to be critical in order to restore glycemic control.

title: The antidiabetic effect of mesenchymal stem cells is unrelated to their transdifferentiation potential but to their capability to restore @entity630 / XXXX balance and to modify the pancreatic microenvironment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['T1DM', 'Type 1 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disease']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

answer: @entity61 :: (15111(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Th2']


abstract: Non- @entity980 soft @entity242 (NR STS) are a rare group of @entity5 of mesenchymal origin. The incidence of these @entity5 in @entity1 is low and due to it's heterogeneity and different response to chemotherapy and radiotherapy, unified treatment methods have not yet been established. THE AIM of our study was to analyze methods and treatment results of @entity1 with NR STS treated in our centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1996 and 2004, 64 @entity1 with NR-STS, aged 2.5-21.5 yrs, were treated in our institution. Treatment protocol included primary @entity5 resection or biopsy, induction (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy, local treatment: surgery and/or radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy. Results of treatment were analyzed in relation to stage, @entity5 diameter, extent of surgery and response to chemotherapy. RESULTS: Out of 64 @entity1 , 48 are alive (75%), with a median observation time 4 yrs 3 m. Sixteen @entity1 died: 1 of treatment complications, the rest from basic disease. Four years overall (OS) and event free survival (EFS) are 75% and 64% respectively. Early stage, @entity5 size less than 5 cm in diameter, radical surgery, complete and very good response to induction chemotherapy had a significant influence on survival. CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that besides stage and @entity5 size, radical surgery played key role in the treatment of NRMSSTS and that radical resections were possible to perform after induction chemotherapy in 33% of @entity1 with primarily unresectable @entity5 . High number of @entity1 with stage IV disease at diagnosis, occurrence of distant relapses and good response to chemotherapy indicate the necessity for the use of chemotherapy in @entity1 with NR STS.

title: [Results of the treatment of XXXX . One centre experience].

entities_list: @entity980 :: ('MESH:D012208', 'Disease') :: ['rhabdomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'neoplasms', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['tissue sarcomas']

answer: @entity980 :: (MESH:D012208,Disease) :: ['paediatric non-rhabdomyosarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity299 ( @entity299 ) @entity1 are at risk of late complications including @entity943 , @entity712 and @entity944 . High-sensitive troponin-T (hs- @entity16894 ) is the standard for diagnosing @entity1187 , but is also associated with cardiac function and prognosis in other @entity299 . We aimed to describe hs- @entity16894 level in @entity299 @entity1 , and determine its relationship with cardiac function and other biomarkers. METHODS: Consecutive @entity299 @entity1 , visiting the outpatient clinic, underwent echocardiography, exercise testing and venipuncture on the same day. RESULTS: In total 587 @entity1 were included (median age 33 [IQR 25-41] years, 58% male, 90% NYHA class I). hs- @entity16894 was above the detection limit of 5ng/L in 241 @entity1 (41%), of whom 47 (8%) had hs- @entity16894 levels above the 99th percentile of normal of 14ng/L. hs- @entity16894 levels were highest in @entity1 with a systemic RV or @entity120 . @entity1 with normal or non-detectable hs- @entity16894 were younger (32 [IQR 24-40] years) than @entity1 with elevated hs- @entity16894 (42 [IQR 36-60] years, p<0.001). The prevalence of hs- @entity16894 >= 14ng/L was higher in @entity1 with NYHA >= II (36%, p<0.001), systemic @entity299 (38%, p<0.001), non-sinus rhythm (43%, p<0.001) and @entity120 (39%, p<0.001). hs- @entity16894 was correlated with NT-proBNP (r=0.400, p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: hs- @entity16894 above the 99th percentile of normal is observed in a non-trivial portion of stable @entity299 @entity1 , especially in those with a systemic RV or @entity120 . Since this biomarker of @entity296 is related to NT-proBNP and ventricular function, its potential predictive value in @entity299 @entity1 seems promising and further investigation of underlying mechanisms is warranted.

title: High-sensitive troponin-T in adult XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension', 'elevated pulmonary pressures']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac diseases', 'Adult congenital heart disease', 'systolic dysfunction', 'ACHD']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['congenital heart disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study was undertaken to evaluate the frequency of restrictive left ventricular filling pattern in @entity384 , as well as its clinical and hemodynamic correlations and prognostic implications. BACKGROUND: In @entity384 , as in other @entity299 , different left ventricular filling patterns were observed on Doppler echocardiography. Some @entity1 showed a "restrictive filling pattern," similar to that associated with @entity296 , characterized by predominant E waves and a shortened E deceleration time. METHODS: Pulsed Doppler transmitral curves were analyzed in 79 consecutive @entity1 with @entity384 assigned to two study groups according to E deceleration time: group 1 (n = 36) had a restrictive left ventricular filling pattern (E deceleration time < 115 ms); group 2 (n = 43) had an E deceleration time > or = 115 ms. RESULTS: @entity1 in group 1 were significantly younger, in a higher New York Heart Association functional class, more frequently had a third heart sound and had a higher left ventricular filling pressure at catheterization. In addition, they showed more severe left and right @entity67 and dilation, a larger left atrium and more severe @entity339 . A restrictive filling pattern was associated at Doppler study with a higher E wave velocity, lower A wave velocity and higher E/A ratio. During a follow-up interval of 22 +/- 14 months, all 14 @entity1 who subsequently died or required heart transplantation showed a restrictive left ventricular filling pattern. At multivariate analysis, E deceleration time was the most powerful independent prognostic indicator of poor outcome or transplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Restrictive left ventricular filling pattern is frequent in @entity384 , is associated with more severe disease and is a powerful indicator of increased mortality risk and need for heart transplantation.

title: Restrictive left ventricular filling pattern in XXXX assessed by Doppler echocardiography: clinical, echocardiographic and hemodynamic correlations and prognostic implications. Heart Muscle Disease Study Group.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['restrictive cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity384 :: (MESH:D002311,Disease) :: ['dilated cardiomyopathy']


abstract: Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) offer certain advantages over embryonic stem cells in cell replacement therapy for a variety of @entity16 . However, reliable procedures, whereby transplanted iPSCs can survive and differentiate into functional neurons, without forming @entity5 , have yet to be devised. Currently, retroviral or lentiviral reprogramming methods are often used to reprogram somatic cells. Although the use of these viruses has proven to be effective, formation of @entity5 often results following in vivo transplantation, possibly due to the integration of the reprogramming genes. The goal of the current study was to develop a new approach, using an adenovirus for reprogramming cells, characterize the iPSCs in vitro, and test their safety, survivability, and ability to differentiate into region-appropriate neurons following transplantation into the @entity35 brain. To this end, iPSCs were derived from bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and tail-tip fibroblasts using a single cassette lentivirus or a combination of adenoviruses. The reprogramming efficiency and levels of pluripotency were compared using immunocytochemistry, flow cytometry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Our data indicate that adenovirus-generated iPSCs from tail-tip fibroblasts are as efficient as the method we used for lentiviral reprogramming. All generated iPSCs were also capable of differentiating into neuronal-like cells in vitro. To test the in vivo survivability and the ability to differentiate into region-specific neurons in the absence of @entity5 formation, 400,000 of the iPSCs derived from tail-tip fibroblasts that were transfected with the adenovirus pair were transplanted into the striatum of adult, immune-competent @entity35 . We observed that these iPSCs produced region-specific neuronal phenotypes, in the absence of @entity5 formation, at 90 days posttransplantation. These results suggest that adenovirus-generated iPSCs may provide a safe and viable means for neuronal replacement therapies.

title: Survival and differentiation of adenovirus-generated induced pluripotent stem cells transplanted into the XXXX striatum.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological disorders']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: Initiation of @entity298 ( @entity298 ) induces several changes both locally in the peritoneum and systemically. We performed a pilot study to generate insights into the early clinical and systemic changes after catheter insertion and the first weeks of @entity298 . The study included 11 new @entity298 @entity1 (7 @entity1 , 4 @entity1 ). The study period started just before implantation of the Tenckhoff catheter and finished 6 weeks after the start of @entity298 . All @entity1 were treated with @entity880 -buffered dialysis solutions. Clinical parameters, routine laboratory tests and markers of @entity32 were determined. The mean (+/- standard deviation) age of the @entity1 was 52.6 +/- 12.1 years, mean weight was 81.3 +/- 14.7 kg, and mean blood pressure was 143.3/ 87.8 +/- 18.5/8.2 mmHg. Weight and blood pressure did not change significantly during the first weeks of @entity298 . Throughout the study, 24-hour urine production declined by 6.9 mL/day (p = 0.006). Daily residual @entity1011 clearance (CCr) decreased by 0.036 mL/min (p = 0.008). High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) was significantly higher in @entity1 who had undergone hemodialysis before the start of the study (p < 0. 0001) and declined during the study in that group (p = 0.001). No significant change in hs-CRP was found in the group that started dialysis with @entity298 . In this pilot study, we found no significant changes in the clinical parameters of weight and blood pressure during the first weeks of @entity298 . However, urine production and residual CCr declined significantly during the study period, starting from the moment of catheter insertion. Levels of the systemic inflammatory marker hs-CRP were higher in @entity1 who had previously undergone hemodialysis; its level in those @entity1 decreased after hemodialysis ended.

title: The first weeks on XXXX : effects on clinical parameters.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['systemic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity298 :: ('MESH:D010538', 'Disease') :: ['peritoneal dialysis', 'PD']

answer: @entity298 :: (MESH:D010538,Disease) :: ['peritoneal dialysis']


abstract: This study was designed to investigate the therapeutic approaches and prognosis for @entity5 associated with pregnancy. Clinical information, therapeutic strategies, and follow-up results of 20 @entity1 with @entity5 associated with pregnancy from Jan. 2000 to June 2009 in the Zhejiang Cancer Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. The International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stages were: in situ (n=1), stage @entity9216 (n=1), stage @entity3846 (n=5), stage @entity3847 (n=1), stage IIA (n=8), stage IIB (n=3), and stage IIIB (n=1). Eight @entity1 were in the first trimester of pregnancy, four in the second, two in the third, and six at postpartum when diagnosed. The therapeutic strategies were either single or combined modalities, including surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Fourteen @entity1 survived, five @entity1 died (four of remote @entity3 and one of @entity5507 ), and one @entity1 was lost to follow-up. One newborn from a @entity1 at stage IIA @entity189 in the third trimester with postponed therapy six weeks after diagnosis survived. Retarded fetal growth was observed in one @entity1 receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy and cesarean section. Out of the six postpartum @entity1 , three underwent cesarean section and survived, whereas only one out of the three who underwent vaginal delivery survived. The remaining two died of remote @entity3 . Therefore, personalized treatment is necessary for @entity5 associated with pregnancy. @entity5 @entity1 in the third trimester of pregnancy can continue the pregnancy for a short period of time. There may be potential risk for the fetus by chemotherapy during pregnancy. Cesarean section is the preferred mode of delivery for pregnant @entity5 @entity1 .

title: Treatment and prognosis of XXXX associated with pregnancy: analysis of 20 cases from a Chinese @entity5 institution.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cervical cancer', 'Cervical cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cervical cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity791 ( @entity791 )-related @entity2826 generally respond well to cytotoxic chemotherapy. However, due to the associated myelosuppression, these @entity1 are at risk for developing complicating infections that may affect survival. We therefore conducted a multi-center randomized clinical trial comparing single-agent against combination chemotherapy in advanced @entity791 -related @entity2826 . Low-dose chemotherapy was employed to evaluate its role in combination therapy for this disease and the @entity137 associated with the lower intensity. @entity1 AND METHODS: Sixty-one @entity1 with extensive mucocutaneous @entity2826 or visceral involvement were randomized for treatment with low-dose @entity632 ( @entity632 , 20 mg/m2) alone (31 cases) or in combination with @entity1732 and @entity1891 (ABV) (30 cases). @entity1 were randomized within strata based on prognostic features associated with shorter survival in prior studies. Both treatment arms were evenly matched at study entry. RESULTS: Complete and partial @entity5 remissions were significantly higher with ABV (88%) than with @entity632 alone (48%) (p = 0.004). The median survival was 9 months in both groups. Study entry criteria significantly associated with shorter survival included @entity404 lymphocyte counts less than 100/mm3, hemoglobin level less than 10 g/dL, a history of constitutional symptoms, and a prior history of @entity1292 (s). @entity137 were similar in both arms, and the regimens were well tolerated. @entity1398 (granulocyte count less than 1,000/mm3) occurred in 34% of @entity1 receiving @entity632 alone and in 52% of @entity1 receiving ABV and was progressive in successive courses of chemotherapy in both treatment arms. The development of @entity1292 was relatively infrequent during therapy (14%). CONCLUSIONS: Low-dose ABV is an effective chemotherapy regimen for the treatment of extensive @entity2826 . ABV chemotherapy is associated with significantly higher responses than @entity632 alone and with acceptable @entity137 .

title: Systemic treatment of XXXX -related @entity2826 : results of a randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2826 :: ('MESH:D012514', 'Disease') :: ["Kaposi's sarcoma", "epidemic Kaposi's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin', 'doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities', 'Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity1732 :: ('MESH:D001761', 'Chemical') :: ['bleomycin']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['opportunistic infection', 'AIDS-defined opportunistic infections']

entities_list: @entity791 :: ('MESH:D000163', 'Disease') :: ['acquired immunodeficiency syndrome', 'AIDS']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the enhanced effect of @entity136 by @entity33997 and the possible mechanisms of the enhancement. METHOD: Based on the model of @entity1 cell xenograft on athymic @entity19 , the @entity19 were randomized to four groups with intraperitoneal (IP) injections of different drugs: group N (injecting 0.9% @entity2827 ), group E ( @entity33997 , 40 mg x kg(-1)), group G ( @entity136 , 125 mg x kg(-1)), and group E + G ( @entity33997 40 mg x kg(-1) and @entity136 80 mg x kg(-1) in combination). The @entity5 volume, @entity5 weight and body weight of @entity19 were measured during the drug therapy. The @entity19 were sacrificed one week after last injection of drug. Tunel assay were used used to detect the apoptosis of @entity5 cells. And immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) were used to detect the variance of the apoptosis relative protein expression of @entity1380 , @entity1379 , and Cytochrome C . RESULT: One week after the last administration, the mean @entity5 volume and @entity5 weight in group E + G were significantly decreased compared to the other groups. Tunel assay showed group E + G presented apparently more apoptosis than the other groups. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and Western blot (WB) analysis showed the expression of Cytochrome C in cytoplasmin and @entity1380 in group E + G was apparently upregulated while the expression of @entity1379 was apparently downregulated compared to the other groups. As a result, @entity1379 / @entity1380 ratio was significantly decreased in group E + G. CONCLUSION: @entity33997 can significantly improve the antitumor effect of @entity136 on transplanted @entity5 of @entity1 cell line through apparently enhancing the @entity5 cell apoptosis by @entity136 . Downregulation of @entity1379 / @entity1380 ratio and promoting release of Cytochrome C from mitochondria is possibly one of the mechanisms of the augmented apoptosis.

title: [ @entity33997 enhances antitumor effect of @entity136 in model of XXXX cell xenograft on athymic @entity19 ].

entities_list: @entity33997 :: ('MESH:D004642', 'Chemical') :: ['emodin', 'Emodin']

entities_list: @entity2827 :: ('MESH:D012965', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium chloride']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['gemcitabine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['SW1990']


abstract: AIMS: The CHA2DS2VASc score is a clinical risk stratification tool which estimates the risk of @entity64 and @entity1031 in non-valvular @entity955 ( @entity955 ). We aimed to establish the value of this score for risk evaluation in @entity1 with @entity955 and @entity340 . METHODS AND RESULTS: Among 8053 @entity1 with @entity955 (ESC guidelines definition), @entity1 were categorized into Group 1 (no @entity340 , n = 6851; 85%) and Group 2 ( @entity340 with neither @entity4794 nor valve prothesis, n = 1202; 15%). After follow-up of 868    1043 days, 627 @entity64 / @entity1031 ( @entity1031 ) events were recorded. Group 2 was significantly older, had a higher CHA2DS2VASc score and had a higher risk of @entity1031 events [hazard ratio (HR) 1.39; 95% CI 1.14-1.69, P = 0.001] compared with Group 1. @entity340 was not associated with worse prognosis for @entity64 / @entity1031 events. In the two groups, @entity64 / @entity1031 risk increased with a higher CHA2DS2VASc score. Factors independently associated with increased risk of @entity64 / @entity1031 events were older age (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.14-1.36 per 10-year increase, P < 0.0001) and higher CHA2DS2VASc score (HR 1.33, 95% CI 1.23-1.45, P < 0.0001). The predictive value (c-statistic) of the CHA2DS2VASc score was similar in the two groups. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity955 , left-sided @entity340 (excluding mitral stenosis and protheses) was associated with an increased risk of @entity64 / @entity1031 events. A higher CHA2DS2VASc score in these @entity1 is likely to explain these results.

title: Prognostic value of CHA2DS2-VASc score in @entity1 with 'non-valvular XXXX ' and @entity340 : the Loire Valley Atrial Fibrillation Project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'thromboembolic', 'TE']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'AF', 'non-valvular AF']

entities_list: @entity4794 :: ('MESH:D008946', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatic mitral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['Severe valve disease', 'valve disease', 'valvular heart disease']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['atrial fibrillation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To document the prevalence and pattern of stereotypic behaviour in @entity1 with @entity195 and frontal and temporal variants of @entity4943 . Secondly, to examine the relationship between stereotypic and other @entity146 . METHODS: @entity1 with the following were studied; @entity195 (n=28), frontal variant @entity4943 (fvFTD, n=18), and semantic @entity303 -the temporal lobe variant of @entity4943 (n=13). All @entity1 were assessed using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI), the Mini-Mental State Examination, Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination, and the Clinical @entity303 Rating scale. @entity1 were also rated on the newly devised Stereotypic and Ritualistic Behaviour (SRB) subscale, which was designed as an addendum to the NPI. RESULTS: There was no significant difference across diagnostic groups in terms of age, sex, or severity of @entity73 . The overall NPI was significantly higher in @entity1 with fvFTD compared with the other two groups, but fvFTD and semantic @entity303 showed a similar, and significantly increased, prevalence of stereotypic behaviours on the SRB subscale. Within the @entity4943 group as a whole these behaviours were more likely to be complex, whereas in @entity195 , when present, such behaviours tended to be more simple stereotypies or stimulus bound repetitive behaviours. Stereotypic behaviours were not correlated with either disease severity or the extent of @entity73 in the fvFTD group, but were in the other two diagnostic groups. CONCLUSION: Complex stereotypic behaviours are a core feature of the @entity751 in @entity4943 and may reflect early and specific @entity51 and basal ganglia involvement.

title: A study of stereotypic behaviours in @entity195 and frontal and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['neuropsychiatric behaviours']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive deficits']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['deficits in orbitofrontal circuitry']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['dementing syndrome']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Alzheimer's disease", "Alzheimer's dementia"]

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['FTD', 'frontotemporal dementia']

answer: @entity4943 :: (MESH:D057180,Disease) :: ['temporal variant frontotemporal dementia']


abstract: @entity6942 ( @entity281 caused by @entity6943 ) requires a prolonged course of oral antibiotics following initial intravenous therapy to reduce the risk of relapse after cessation of treatment. The current recommendation is a four-drug regimen ( @entity206 [ @entity1597 ], @entity207 [ @entity1598 ], @entity3403 , and @entity2755 ) and a total treatment time of 12 to 20 weeks. @entity137 are common; the aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerance of the four-drug regimen with a three-drug regimen ( @entity1597 - @entity1598 and @entity3403 ). An open-label, randomized trial was conducted in northeast Thailand. A total of 180 adult Thai @entity1 were enrolled, of which 91 were allocated to the four-drug regimen and 89 to the three-drug regimen. The trial was terminated early due to poor drug tolerance, particularly of the four-drug regimen. The culture-confirmed relapse rates at 1 year were 6.6% and 5.6% for the four- and three-drug regimens, respectively (P = 0.79). The three-drug regimen was better tolerated than the four-drug regimen; 36% of @entity1 receiving four drugs and 19% of @entity1 receiving three drugs required a switch in therapy due to side effects (P = 0.01). The duration of oral therapy was significantly associated with relapse; after adjustment for confounders, @entity1 receiving less than 12 weeks of oral therapy had a 5.7-fold increase of relapse or @entity204 . A combination of @entity1597 - @entity1598 and @entity3403 is as effective as and better tolerated than the conventional four-drug regimen for the oral treatment phase of @entity6942 .

title: Open-label randomized trial of oral @entity206 - @entity207 , @entity3403 , and XXXX compared with @entity206 - @entity207 and @entity3403 for maintenance therapy of @entity6942 .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Drug side effects']

entities_list: @entity6943 :: ('28450', 'Species') :: ['Burkholderia pseudomallei']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity6942 :: ('MESH:D008554', 'Disease') :: ['Melioidosis', 'melioidosis']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity2755 :: (MESH:D002701,Chemical) :: ['chloramphenicol']


abstract: PURPOSE: To compare percutaneous self-expanding metal stents with conventional endoscopic @entity691 endoprostheses for treatment of @entity5 by means of a prospective randomized clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with @entity253 due to inoperable primary @entity1086 , or bile ducts or regional lymph node @entity3 were included. Evaluated outcomes included technical and therapeutic success rates, morbidity and 30-day mortality rates, hospital stay length and readmission, biliary reobstruction, and overall survival rates. Data were analyzed according to both the intention-to-treat principle and the treatment actually administered. Univariate (Kaplan-Meier method) and multivariate (Cox model) analyses were performed. RESULTS: After randomization, 28 @entity1 were assigned to receive a percutaneous self-expanding metal stent and 26 @entity1 to receive a 12-F endoscopic @entity691 prosthesis. The technical success rates of both implantation procedures were similar (percutaneous, 75% [21 of 28 @entity1 ]; endoscopic, 58% [15 of 26 @entity1 ]; P =.29), whereas therapeutic success was higher in the percutaneous group (71% [20 of 28 @entity1 ] vs 42% [11 of 26 @entity1 ]; P =.03). However, major complications were more common in the percutaneous group (61% [17 of 28 @entity1 ] vs 35% [nine of 26 @entity1 ]; P =.09) but did not account for differences in 30-day mortality rates (percutaneous, 36% [10 of 28 @entity1 ]; endoscopic, 42% [11 of 26 @entity1 ]; P =.83). Overall median survival was significantly higher in the percutaneous group than in the endoscopic group (3.7 vs 2.0 months; P =.02). Cox regression analysis enabled identification of placement of the percutaneous self-expanding metal stent as the only independent predictor of survival (relative risk, 2.19; 95% CI: 1.11, 4.31; P =.02). CONCLUSION: Placement of a percutaneous self-expanding metal stent is an alternative to placement of an endoscopic @entity691 endoprosthesis in @entity1 with @entity5 .

title: Percutaneous self-expanding metal stents versus endoscopic @entity691 endoprostheses for treating XXXX : randomized clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity691 :: ('MESH:D020959', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant biliary obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1086 :: ('MESH:D005706', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the pancreas, gallbladder']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary obstruction']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant biliary obstruction']


abstract: A 24-year-old @entity1 was admitted to our hospital because of a high fever that had persisted for two weeks. She complained of a sore @entity40615 and @entity4841 , and had evanescent @entity1910 , @entity3329 , @entity409 , and @entity6737 . Tests for RF and ANA were negative. @entity11533 was diagnosed. On the fifth day of hospitalization, @entity649 ( @entity649 ) and disseminated @entity5642 (DIC) developed. Treatment consisted of mechanical ventilation and administration of @entity134 pulse-therapy and gabexate mesilate. Analysis of fluid obtained by bronchoalveolar lavage showed increases in the total cell count, predominantly of neutrophils and lymphocytes. @entity358 seen on chest radiographs was alleviated, and the arterial blood gas data gradually improved. After @entity205 was given, all the above symptoms associated with @entity11533 disappeared. Plasma levels of inflammatory cytokines decreased with the improvement of the @entity1 's clinical condition.

title: [A case of XXXX complicated with @entity649 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathy']

entities_list: @entity11533 :: ('MESH:D016706', 'Disease') :: ["adult-onset Still's disease", "Adult-onset Still's disease"]

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['ARDS', 'acute respiratory distress syndrome']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Bilateral pulmonary infiltration']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity4841 :: ('MESH:D018771', 'Disease') :: ['arthralgia']

entities_list: @entity6737 :: ('MESH:C538137', 'Disease') :: ['hyperferritinemia']

answer: @entity11533 :: (MESH:D016706,Disease) :: ['adult-onset Still's disease']