abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of salvaged allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) for refractory/recurrent @entity3052 ( @entity3052 ). METHODS: A total of 45 @entity1 with refractory/recurrent @entity3052 were enrolled from September 2006 to April 2010. The median blasts in bone marrow (BM) were 36% (20% to 92%) before conditioning. The donors were identical siblings (6) or unrelated ones (9) or haploidentical family members (30). Conditioning regiments were individualized according to @entity1 ' status, the regimen with high-dose @entity2592 plus BuCy/CY was mostly used (20). The @entity1 with impaired organ function received above regimen except using @entity3118 instead of @entity786 (16). FLAG followed by reduced-intensified BuCy was employed for the recipients with more than 40% blasts in BM (6) to reduce @entity1778 burden. @entity131 /CY or @entity131 / @entity3118 was used for the recipients with extramedullary infiltration of @entity1778 or multidrug resistant @entity1778 . @entity1261 , @entity1500 , NVT, @entity2663 , Acla or Thaltipa was added into conditioning regiments according to @entity1778 character. RESULTS: All but 2 @entity1 attained durable engraftment. The incidence of grade II to IV aGVHD and cGVHD were 34%, 59.1%, respectively. With median follow-up 30 (0.5 - 57) months, the relapse rate was 29.2%. Twenty-nine of 45 (60.2%) @entity1 remained in complete remission since salvaged HSCT. Three-years disease-free survival and overall survival were 60.2% and 62.6%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Our results indicated that the combination of salvaged HSCT with prophylactic immunotherapy might be a promising modality for treatment of refractory/recurrent @entity3052 , even with high @entity1778 burden.

title: [Salvaged allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for refractory/recurrent XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity2592 :: ('MESH:D003561', 'Chemical') :: ['cytarabine']

entities_list: @entity3052 :: ('MESH:D015470', 'Disease') :: ['acute myeloid leukemia', 'AML']

entities_list: @entity3118 :: ('MESH:C024352', 'Chemical') :: ['Fludarabine', 'fludarabine']

answer: @entity3052 :: (MESH:D015470,Disease) :: ['acute myeloid leukemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity102 media (CSOM) is assumed to be a complication of @entity697 ( @entity697 ), but the risk factors for CSOM are not clear. OBJECTIVES: 1. To study the aetiological organisms for CSOM. 2. To identify the effect of demographic factors on disease manifestation. METHOD: This retrospective study included a case series of 234 @entity1 who had been admitted to National Hospital of @entity3595 Lanka (NHSL), with the complaint of ear discharge and from whom the specimens were sent for microscopy and culture at Department Of Microbiology, NHSL. The period of analysis was 1 year extending from 1 January 2009 to 31 December 2009.Consecutive @entity1 who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited to the retrospective analysis. RESULTS: Among 234 @entity1 studied, 129 (55.1%) were male and 150 (64.1%) were under 40 yrs old. The mean age was 39.5 yrs (range 12 to 60 yrs, SD = 22.6). The mean duration of ear discharge was 1.2 yrs. (range 6 weeks to 20 yrs.) Pseudomonas species (29.5%) was the commonest microbial organism to cause ear discharge, followed by staphylococcus (20.5%) and coliform (16.7%) species. Among the fungal agents identified, candida was the most common. 23.1% of the cultures did not reveal any microbiological agent. Eighteen @entity1 (8%) had a prior history of @entity130 to the affected ear and 51 @entity1 (21.8%) were diagnosed with @entity6 . CONCLUSION: The commonest microbial agents implicated in CSOM was pseudomonas species followed by staphylococci and coliforms. Demographic variables such as gender or age did not seem to affect the disease manifestation significantly, though CSOM was less common among elderly and @entity1 .

title: Aetiological agents in XXXX media in @entity3595 Lanka.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis media', 'AOM']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic suppurative otitis']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['chronic suppurative otitis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) secrete exosomes that are capable of modifying the @entity5 environment through different mechanisms including changes in the @entity5 -cell secretome. This activity depends on their cargo content that is largely defined by their cellular origin. Endometrial cells are fine regulators of the angiogenic process during the menstrual cycle that includes an @entity558 that is associated with the end of the cycle. Hence, we studied the angiogenic activity of menstrual stem cells (MenSCs)-secreted exosomes on prostate PC3 @entity5 cells. Our results showed that exosomes induce a reduction in @entity7 secretion and NF-kB activity. Lower reactive @entity26 species (ROS) production in exosomes-treated cells was detected by the DCF method, suggesting that the inhibition of the intracellular ROS impacts both NF-kB and @entity7 pathways. We confirmed using tubule formation and plug transplantation assays that MenSCs-exosomes suppress the secretion of pro-angiogenic factors by the PC3 cells in a ROS-dependent manner. The inhibition of the @entity5 angiogenesis and, consequently, the @entity5 growth was also confirmed using a xenograft @entity19 model. Additionally, the anti-tumoral effect was associated with a reduction of @entity5 hemoglobin content, vascular density and inhibition of @entity7 and @entity7738 expression. Importantly, we demonstrate that the exosomes anti-angiogenic effect is specific to the menstrual cell source, as bone marrow MSCs-derived exosomes showed an opposite effect on the @entity7 and @entity540 expression in @entity5 cells. Altogether, our results indicate that MenSCs-derived exosomes acts as blockers of the @entity5 -induced angiogenesis and therefore could be suitable for anti- @entity5 therapies.

title: Prostate tumor-induced angiogenesis is blocked by exosomes derived from menstrual stem cells through the inhibition of reactive XXXX species.

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['angiostatic condition']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Tubular plastic and metal stents have inherent shortcomings when used for transenteric drainage of fluid collections. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a novel lumen-apposing, self-expandable metal stent for EUS-guided drainage of @entity9007 . DESIGN: Retrospective case series. SETTING: Tertiary-care academic medical center. @entity1 : This study involved 15 @entity1 (median age 54 years) with symptomatic @entity9007 who underwent 12 transgastric and 3 transduodenal pseudocyst drainage procedures. Five @entity1 (median age 69.5 years) with acute @entity2679 underwent 4 cholecystoduodenostomies and 1 cholecystogastostomy. INTERVENTION: Stent deployment under EUS guidance, passage of an endoscope through the stent lumen for pseudocystoscopy or cholecystoscopy, transenteric endoscopy-guided interventions including biopsy, necrosectomy, and stone removal. MAIN OUTCOME MEASUREMENTS: Technical and clinical success. RESULTS: All stents were successfully deployed without complication, with a median time to removal of 35 days. All @entity9007 resolved after a single drainage procedure. One stent migrated into the stomach, and the remaining 14 were found to be patent at the time of removal. There was no pseudocyst recurrence during the 11.4-month median follow-up period. One @entity1085 remains indwelling and fully patent at 12 months. Resolution of acute @entity2679 was observed immediately after stent implantation. No recurrence of symptoms was observed during a median follow-up period of 9 months. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective study, small sample size, lack of control @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Transenteric drainage of @entity9007 by using a novel, lumen-apposing, metal stent was accomplished with high technical and clinical success in this pilot observational study. Further studies are warranted.

title: Clinical evaluation of a novel lumen-apposing metal stent for endosonography-guided XXXX (with videos).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['gallbladder stent']

entities_list: @entity2679 :: ('MESH:D002764', 'Disease') :: ['cholecystitis']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pseudocysts', 'pancreatic pseudocysts and the gallbladder', 'pancreatic pseudocysts']

answer: @entity9007 :: (MESH:D010192,Disease) :: ['pancreatic pseudocyst and gallbladder drainage']


abstract: Cell adhesion is generally concomitant to the formation of focal adhesion. Although it is well-known that focal adhesion plays an important role in the functional regulations of anchorage dependent cells, previous experimental studies have not provided quantitative description of the relation between focal adhesion and biophysical responses of cells. Furthermore, there is lack of knowledge on the importance of the @entity2393 subunit to the dynamic responses of cells during initial cell seeding. In this study, we attempt to bridge the quantitative connection between focal adhesion density and cell-substrate interactions and evaluate the influence on functional blocking of @entity2393 on adhesion strength. Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), fluorescence microscopy, and phase contrast microscopy was employed to study the time-dependent evolvement of @entity10274 pattern, distribution of actin filament, and morphological change, respectively, during 4 h of culture for porcine esophageal fibroblasts (non-blocked and @entity8652 -blocked) on a fibronectin-coated surface. Micropipet aspiration technique was used to study the change of mechanotransduction through the determination of adhesion force and strength. It is shown in our experimental results that spread area, adhesion force, and adhesion strength increases over time on the two types of cells. Throughout the culture period, the two key mechanotransduction parameters of non-blocked cells is higher than those of @entity8652 -blocked cells. Interestingly, adhesion strength initially ascends, then begins to diminish at a critical time point, and finally resumes increasing linearly against the increase of focal adhesion density. This variation as mentioned above can be explained by peeling and @entity174 models based on the dissimilar @entity10274 pattern of cells after being cultured for different time periods. Moreover, the averaged focal adhesion strength and non-focal adhesion strength of @entity8652 -blocked cells are significantly less than those of non-blocked of cells. The weaker adhesion strength on beta(1)-blocked cells is directly caused by lower focal and non-focal adhesion strength, as well as by smaller focal adhesion density.

title: Temporal effect of functional blocking of XXXX on cell adhesion strength under serum depletion.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity2393 :: (3688,Gene) :: ['beta1 integrin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Vasomotor symptoms (VMS) may be associated with an increased risk of @entity65 . One candidate mechanism may involve alterations in physiological responses to stress. The current study therefore examined the relationship between self-reported VMS bother and cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neuroendocrine, and inflammatory responses to an acute psychosocial stress protocol. METHODS: One hundred eighty-six @entity1 in the menopausal transition or early postmenopausal stage (age 45-60 y) provided the data for this article. Subjective hot flash and night sweat bother were assessed using the Greene Climacteric Scale. @entity1 also underwent a stressor battery involving a speech and a mental arithmetic task while cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neuroendocrine, and inflammatory responses were assessed. Repeated measures regression analyses were used to examine the relationship between self-reported VMS and physiologic responses to the stressor. RESULTS: In multivariate analyses adjusting for potential confounders, self-reported hot flash bother was associated with lower overall cardiac index and @entity64 volume index and higher overall vascular resistance index and levels of the inflammatory cytokine @entity650 . Hot flash bother also tended to be associated with higher overall @entity701 levels and higher baseline levels of plasma @entity1063 . Night sweat bother, on the other hand, was associated with higher overall @entity701 levels and tended to be associated with higher @entity650 . CONCLUSIONS: Self-reported VMS bother is associated with an unfavorable hemodynamic and neuroendocrine profile characterized by @entity2339 and central sympathetic activation, @entity32 , and vasoconstriction. Further research investigating this profile in relation to VMS, and the potential health implications of this association, is warranted.

title: Cardiovascular, hemodynamic, neuroendocrine, and inflammatory markers in XXXX with and without vasomotor symptoms.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity4797 are rare @entity5 . There have been only a few cases of the primary @entity4797 reported in the literature up to date. CASE REPORT: We reported a 56-year-old @entity1 with giant @entity4797 presented with the enlargement of the left side of the abdomen and @entity1150 of the left leg. Computed tomography of the abdomen showed a large @entity5 occupying the left part of the retroperitoneal space with 23 x 13 cm in diameter. Firm @entity5 mass having 25 x 15 cm in diameter was surgically removed from the left retroperitoneum. The @entity5 adhered the tunica adventitia of the aorta and it was carefully resected from the aortic wall. The diagnosis of @entity4797 was made during histopathological examination. The @entity1 underwent chemotherapy. Two years after finished chemotherapy the @entity1 accepted left orchiectomy with the aim of eliminating the possibility of the @entity5 of the testicle. Histopathological analysis of the testicular tissue was normal and the diagnosis of @entity4797 was confirmed. CONCLUSION. Despite its small incidence in general population, the diagnosis of @entity4797 should be considered in male @entity1 with nonspecific symptoms and with @entity5 mass.

title: Giant XXXX : A case report.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'retroperitoneal tumor', 'tumors', 'occult malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity4797 :: ('MESH:D018239', 'Disease') :: ['retroperitoneal seminomas', 'Primary extragonadal seminomas', 'retroperitoneal seminoma', 'primary retroperitoneal seminoma', 'seminoma']

answer: @entity4797 :: (MESH:D018239,Disease) :: ['primary retroperitoneal seminoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate whether @entity2449 use by @entity43 @entity1 with @entity2175 was associated with improved survival. METHODS: We reviewed the effect of @entity6 and @entity6 medications on @entity43 treatment and outcomes in a single-institution retrospective cohort. Inclusion criteria were International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I-IV epithelial @entity43 . Exclusion criteria were noninvasive pathology or @entity5 . The primary exposures analyzed were history of @entity2175 and @entity6 medications. The primary outcomes were @entity43 survival. RESULTS: Of the 341 @entity43 @entity1 included in the study, 297 did not have @entity6 , 28 were type II @entity6 @entity1 who did not use @entity2449 , and 16 were type II @entity6 @entity1 who used @entity2449 . The progression-free survival at 5 years was 51% for @entity6 @entity1 who used @entity2449 compared with 23% for the nondiabetic @entity1 and 8% for the @entity6 @entity1 who did not use @entity2449 (P=.03). The overall survival at 5 years was 63%, 37%, and 23% for the @entity6 @entity1 who used @entity2449 , the nondiabetic @entity1 , and the @entity6 @entity1 who did not use @entity2449 , respectively (P=.03). The @entity1 with @entity6 received the same treatment for @entity43 as the @entity1 without @entity6 . The association of @entity2449 use and increased progression-free survival, but not overall survival, remained significant after controlling for standard clinicopathologic parameters. CONCLUSION: In this @entity43 cohort, the @entity1 with @entity2175 who used @entity2449 had longer progression-free survival, despite receiving similar treatment for @entity43 .

title: Relationship of @entity2175 and @entity2449 use to XXXX progression, survival, and chemosensitivity.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer', 'ovarian, fallopian, or peritoneal cancer', 'progression-free and overall ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2175 :: ('MESH:D003924', 'Disease') :: ['type II diabetes']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['nonepithelial malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: The vascular anatomy of the filiform and @entity1829 of the feline tongue was studied by i.a. injection of India ink. Vascular loops of various appearances were found in the types of papillae studied, i.e. the large and the small filiform papillae and the fungiform ones. Such hairpin loops may function as countercurrent exchangers and to test this hypothesis tissue osmolality was determined in the papillae, while exposing them to various isotonic electrolyte solutions. The large filiform papillae with a vascular arrangement similar to that of intestinal villi exhibited a marked osmolar gradient from tip to base when exposed to a solution containing both @entity413 and @entity1372 . If @entity1372 and/or @entity413 was excluded from the solution, tissue osmolality was significantly decreased. This was also the case when the @entity2865 ions of the solution was substituted with @entity597 . The small filiform papillae are only provided with one or a few capillary loops. They exhibited a less marked osmolar gradient than the large ones and one of the different electrolyte solutions decreased the gradient. In the @entity1829 a tissue hyperosmolality at the tip was also demonstrated. It is proposed that the papillary epithelium is provided with active transport mechanism(s) and that the papillary vessels function as countercurrent multipliers. The functional importance of these mechanisms are tentatively discussed.

title: Vascular anatomy and tissue osmolality in the filiform and XXXX of the cat's tongue.

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['fungiform papillae']

entities_list: @entity2865 :: ('CHEBI:17996', 'Chemical') :: ['chloride']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulphate']

answer: @entity1829 :: (MESH:D010211,Disease) :: ['fungiform papillae']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy (SWL) offers an effective and minimally invasive method for treating ureteral stones. In the current study we investigated whether the presence of a double-J (JJ) stent or a percutaneous nephrostomy ( @entity22097 ) has any impact on the SWL success rates for ureteral stones. METHODS: All adult @entity1 with ureteral stones treated with the second-generation Siemens Lithostar   Multiline (Siemens, Erlangen, Germany) lithotriptor between 2002 and 2007 were included. Exclusion criteria comprised radiolucent or nonsolitary stones, calculi >10 mm in diameter in the lower ureter, stones that were pushed back into the kidney during JJ stent insertion and @entity1 who had undergone stent or nephrostomy tube insertion after initiation of SWL therapy, though having started treatment as "tubeless." In total, 342 individuals were divided into 3 groups: group I (n = 56) consisted of @entity1 with a @entity22097 ; group II (n = 73) included @entity1 with a JJ stent; and group III (n = 213) comprised individuals without any decompression @entity5274 . All @entity1 were reviewed in the outpatient clinic. RESULTS: The mean age for all @entity1 was 50.1 years (range 16-90 years) and the mean ureteral stone size was 9.4 mm (SD = 3.6 mm). Successful stone clearance was achieved in 60.7%, 47.9%, and 59.2% of the 3 groups, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference in success rates between the aforementioned groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study suggest that the presence of either a @entity22097 or a JJ uretral stent does not exert any influence on stone clearance after SWL treatment.

title: Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy for ureteral stones: do decompression XXXX matter?

answer: @entity5274 :: (MESH:D005184,Disease) :: ['tubes']


abstract: This study analyses the clinical characteristics of acromegalic @entity1 in Hong Kong. All @entity1 with @entity2012 under follow up in Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong between January 1984 and December 1992 were reviewed retrospectively. Detailed hospital notes were available for review in 28 out of 34. Of the 28 @entity1 with full records available, 27 were Chinese and 1 was Nepalese. There were 8 (28.6%) males and 20 (71.4%) females. The mean age (+/- SD) at presentation was 51.2+/-16.8 years (range: 28 to 84 years) (male, 49.9+/-13.9 years [range: 28-66]; female, 51.7+/-18.1 years [range: 31-84]; p-value: NS). The commonest mode of presentation (n=22, 78.6%) was clinical suspicion by medical staff during consultation for other conditions, @entity2012 being later confirmed. The estimated duration of symptoms, before diagnosis, was 14 years (range: 1 to 30 years). CT scan imaging of the pituitary gland showed that 12 @entity1 (42.9%) had pituitary macro- @entity652 (> or =1 cm), 3 (10.7%) had micro- @entity652 (<1 cm), 6 (21.4%) had normal imaging, 1 (3.6%) had an @entity4776 and 6 (21.4%) had suspicious but @entity75 in the pituitary gland. Surgery was offered as initial treatment to all @entity1 . 4 to 6 weeks after surgery, if the maximal @entity2124 response following @entity413 loading exceeded 10 microg/L, radiotherapy was offered. Of the 28 @entity1 , 13 received surgery and radiotherapy, 2 surgery only, 4 radiotherapy only, 4 no treatment and 5 defaulted. At presentation, 50% had some abnormality of @entity413 tolerance. The mean early morning fasting baseline @entity2124 was 52.8+/-37.0 microg/L (mean +/- SD, median: 48.1 microg/L) and the maximal @entity2124 response during an extended oral @entity413 tolerance test was 63.2+/-34.9 microg/L (median: 61.3 microg/L). Forty five percents of @entity1 had a maximal @entity2124 response exceeding 60 microg/L. Of the 19 @entity1 who underwent surgery and/or radiotherapy, 15 had their pituitary function reassessed 6 months after intervention. Their early morning fasting @entity2124 and maximal @entity2124 response in an extended oral @entity413 tolerance test were 21.3+/-25.8 and 35.4+/-37.5 microg/L, respectively. In conclusion, @entity2012 in Hong Kong has an estimated annual incidence of 3.8 per million. There is a female preponderance, tendency to late presentation (>10 years) and low number of large @entity5 . Up to 80% were referred following observer suspicion.

title: Clinical characteristics of XXXX in Hong Kong.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['inconclusive lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity4776 :: ('MESH:D004652', 'Disease') :: ['empty sella']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

answer: @entity2012 :: (MESH:D000172,Disease) :: ['acromegaly']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Mesenteric cyst is a rare intra-abdominal lesion. Most @entity1 with @entity2913 are asymptomatic. Symptomatic @entity2913 are associated with cyst size, cyst location, and complications, including infection, @entity397 , @entity548 , and @entity1321 . @entity3313 is a rare complication of @entity2913 . SUBJECT: We report a 50-year-old @entity1 with colicky @entity158 for three days. The symptoms exacerbated in the supine position and were relieved in the sitting position. Computed tomography of her abdomen revealed a huge @entity5409 with a whirl sign of mesentery vessels. She had the history of @entity354 . RESULT: Segmental resection of the small intestine with end-to-end @entity254 was performed. Histology indicated a @entity548 . The @entity1 recovered well after surgery. CONCLUSION: @entity9007 rarely results in @entity3313 of small intestine. Our case is the eleventh case reported in the English literature. Atypical presentation of @entity158 while lying down may lead to mis-diagnosis. This case reminds the clinicians this rare complication.

title: @entity3313 of small intestine: rare complication of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesion']

entities_list: @entity3313 :: ('MESH:D045822', 'Disease') :: ['Volvulus', 'volvulus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic pseudocyst', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2913 :: ('MESH:D008639', 'Disease') :: ['mesenteric cysts', 'mesenteric cyst']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['Mesenteric pseudocyst']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['epigastric pain']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastro-esophageal reflux disease']

answer: @entity9007 :: (MESH:D010192,Disease) :: ['mesenteric pseudocyst']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4521 use carries the highest burden of disease of any drug of @entity734 . The study aimed to determine mortality rates of the Australian Treatment Outcome Study cohort over the period 2001-2015, and the years of potential life lost (YPLL). METHODS: The cohort consisted of 615 @entity4521 users. Crude mortality rates per 1000 @entity1 years (PY) and Standardised Mortality Ratios (SMR) were calculated. YPLL were calculated using two criteria: years lost prior to age 65, and years lost prior to average life expectancy. RESULTS: The cohort was followed for 7,790.9 PY. At 2015, 72 (11.7%) of the cohort were deceased, with a crude mortality rate of 9.2 per 1000 PYs. Neither age nor gender associated with mortality. The SMR was 10.2 (males 7.3, females 17.2), matched for age, gender and year of @entity204 . The most common mortality cause was opioid @entity1445 (52.8%). Using the<65 years criterion, there were 1988.3 YPLL, with a mean of 27.6 (males 27.6, females 27.7). Using the average life expectancy criterion, there were 3135.1 YPLL, with a mean of 43.5 (males 41.9, females 46.3). @entity1445 (<65yr 63.0%, average life expectancy 63.7%) and suicide (<65yr 12.8%, average life expectancy 13.3%) accounted for three quarters of YPLL where cause of @entity204 was known. CONCLUSIONS: YPLL associated with @entity4521 use was a quarter of a century, or close to half a century, depending on the criteria used. Given the prominent role of @entity1445 and suicide, the majority of these fatalities, and the associated YPLL, appear preventable.

title: Years of potential life lost amongst XXXX users in the Australian Treatment Outcome Study cohort, 2001-2015.

entities_list: @entity4521 :: ('MESH:D003932', 'Chemical') :: ['Heroin', 'heroin']

entities_list: @entity1445 :: ('MESH:D062787', 'Disease') :: ['overdose', 'Accidental overdose']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity4521 :: (MESH:D003932,Chemical) :: ['heroin']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity286 smoking has been associated with poor outcomes following surgery for cervical @entity614 . However, the impact of @entity286 smoking on outcomes following surgery for @entity179 ( @entity179 ) has not been extensively evaluated. METHODS: This study analyzed prospectively collected data from 2 large multicenter international cohort studies. Outcome measures were preoperative smoking status, modified Japanese Orthopedic Association scale (mJOA), Nurick score, @entity717 ( @entity717 ), Short Form 36v2 (SF-36v2"!), and the 30-m walk test (30MWT). Analysis of covariance was used to evaluate differences in outcomes at 12 months between smokers and nonsmokers while controlling for relevant baseline characteristics. RESULTS: Seven hundred forty-nine @entity1 with symptomatic @entity179 underwent surgical decompression at 24 international sites. There were 547 (73%) nonsmokers and 202 (27%) smokers. After imputation of missing 12-month scores, 694 (92.66%) subjects had 12-month data. Smokers were younger (average 53.40 vs 57.42 years) and had worse preoperative @entity717 , SF-36v2 Physical Component Score (PCS) and SF-36v2 Mental Component Score (MCS) (P < .1). There were no differences in sex, race, symptom duration, etiology, number of operated levels, disease severity, or complication or reoperation rates. At 12 months, improvements in mJOA, @entity717 , and SF-36v2 PCS outcomes were 15.59%, 31.61%, and 28.57% lower in smokers than in nonsmokers. Following adjustment for confounders, these differences remained significant. CONCLUSION: Preoperative @entity286 smoking is strongly associated with suboptimal clinical, functional, and quality-of-life outcomes in @entity1 undergoing surgery for @entity179 . Although both nonsmokers and smokers benefited from surgical decompression, the extent of improvement was higher in nonsmokers than smokers.

title: 162   @entity286 Smoking and Outcomes of Surgical Decompression in XXXX With Symptomatic Degenerative Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['tobacco', 'Tobacco']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['DCSM', 'degenerative cervical spondylotic myelopathy']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Neck Disability Index', 'NDI']

entities_list: @entity614 :: ('MESH:D011843', 'Disease') :: ['radiculopathy']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: Cigarette smoking (CS) is the most consistent risk factor for advanced @entity1020 ( @entity1020 ). To verify the molecular basis for CS-induced RPE alterations, RPE cell survival levels after being exposed to CS in relation with @entity7 expression and autophagic flux were evaluated. METHODS: @entity1981 ( @entity1981 ) was added to @entity1 cells and @entity273 (HP) was used as a pure oxidant control. Cell survival was measured by flow cytometry with annexin V- @entity2822 . Cell survival analysis was performed after pretreatment with anti- @entity7 or recombinant @entity7 . The expression of @entity7 , @entity6758 , and soluble @entity6758 was determined by semiquantitative RT-PCR. LC3B-I (microtubule-associated protein-1 inhibitors), LC3B-II, and phosphorylation of @entity584 or @entity3963 were measured with Western blot. Autophagic flux was determined by increasing LC3B-II levels with inhibitors of lysosomal proteases. RESULTS: Incubation with 5% @entity1981 for 16 hours induced approximately 30% cell death, which was similar to cell death levels when exposed to concentrations of 200  M HP. Pretreatment with anti- @entity7 did not decrease cell survival under @entity1981 , unlike the decrease in cell survival shown with HP. However, supplementation with @entity7 rescued @entity1981 -induced RPE cell death. Interestingly, @entity1981 caused an increase in autophagic flux, which was augmented with @entity7 pretreatment. @entity1981 also degraded the total amounts of @entity584 levels, and @entity7 blunted @entity1981 -induced phosphorylation of @entity3963 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1981 , similar to HP, affects cell viability and induces expression of @entity7 and its receptors. Increased autophagic flux accelerated by treatment of exogenous @entity7 may have a role in rescuing @entity1981 -induced RPE cell death.

title: @entity7 rescues cigarette smoking-induced @entity1 RPE cell death by increasing autophagic flux: implications of the role of autophagy in advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2822 :: ('CHEBI:37926', 'Chemical') :: ['fluorescein isothiocyanate']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['AMD', 'age-related macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity1981 :: ('OMIM:188890', 'Disease') :: ['CSE', 'Cigarette smoking extract']

answer: @entity1020 :: (MESH:D008268,Disease) :: ['age-related macular degeneration']


abstract: @entity3166 ( @entity3166 ) is a major inflammatory disease of the premature @entity1 intestine that can be prevented by glucocorticoids if given prenatally before the 34th wk of gestation. This observation suggests that a finite period of @entity134 responsiveness exists as has been demonstrated in animal models. @entity1 intestinal xenografts were used to determine whether a glucocorticoid responsive period exists in the developing @entity1 intestine. Developmental responsiveness was measured by @entity290 activity and inflammatory responsiveness by @entity687 , @entity650 , and @entity2842 ( @entity2842 ) induction after an endogenous ( @entity1356 ) or exogenous ( @entity558 ) proinflammatory stimulus, respectively. Functional development of ileal xenografts were monitored for 30 wk posttransplantation, and the @entity290 activity recapitulated that predicted by in utero development. @entity7043 accelerated the ontogeny of @entity290 at 20 wk (immature) but the effect was lost by 30 wk (mature) posttransplant. Concomitant with accelerated maturation, the @entity687 response to both @entity1356 and @entity558 was significantly dampened (from 6- to 3-fold) by glucocorticoid pretreatment in the immature but not mature xenografts. The induction of @entity687 was reflected at the level of @entity687 mRNA, suggesting transcriptional regulation. The excessive activation of @entity687 in the immature gut was mediated by a prolonged activation of ERK and @entity1435 kinases and nuclear translocation of @entity2451 due to low levels of I kappa B. @entity134 pretreatment in immature intestine dampens activation of all three signaling pathways in response to proinflammatory stimuli. Therefore, accelerating intestinal maturation by glucocorticoids within the responsive period by accelerating functional and inflammatory maturation may provide an effective preventive therapy for @entity3166 .

title: Glucocorticoid responsiveness in developing XXXX intestine: possible role in prevention of @entity3166 .

entities_list: @entity3166 :: ('MESH:D020345', 'Disease') :: ['Necrotizing enterocolitis', 'NEC']

entities_list: @entity7043 :: ('MESH:C015087', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisone acetate']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['Steroid', 'steroid']

entities_list: @entity2842 :: ('6347', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemotactic protein-1', 'MCP-1']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: A capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry (CE- @entity15 ) method using sheath liquid electrospray ionization interfacing was studied and optimized for the analysis of intact basic proteins. To prevent protein adsorption, capillaries with a noncovalent positively charged coating were utilized. Capillaries were coated by subsequent rinsing with solutions of @entity9850 , dextran @entity597 and @entity9850 . The coating proved to be fully compatible with @entity15 detection, causing no background signals and ionization suppression. The composition of the sheath liquid and BGE was optimized using the model proteins a-chymotrypsinogen A, ribonuclease A, @entity16977 and @entity4674 . A sheath liquid of @entity5723 -water- @entity1543 (75:25:0.1, v/v/v) at 2  L min(-1) resulted in optimal signal intensities for most proteins, but caused dissociation of the @entity1446 group of @entity4674 . Optimum protein responses were obtained with a BGE of 50 mM @entity1543 (pH 3.0), which allowed a baseline separation of the test protein mixture. Several minor impurities present in the mixture could be detected and provisionally identified using accurate mass and a protein modification database. The selectivity of the CE- @entity15 system was investigated by the analysis of acetylated @entity16977 . Eight highly related species, identified as non-acetylated @entity16977 and @entity16977 acetylated in various degrees, could be distinguished. The CE- @entity15 system showed good reproducibility yielding interday (three weeks period) RSDs for migration time and peak area within 2% and 10%, respectively. With the CE- @entity15 system, determination coefficients (R(2)) for protein concentration and peak area were higher than 0.996, whereas detection limits were between 11 and 19 nM.

title: Capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry of intact basic proteins using XXXX -dextran @entity597 - @entity9850 -coated capillaries: system optimization and performance.

entities_list: @entity9850 :: ('MESH:D006583', 'Chemical') :: ['Polybrene']

entities_list: @entity5723 :: ('MESH:D019840', 'Chemical') :: ['isopropanol']

entities_list: @entity1543 :: ('MESH:D019342', 'Chemical') :: ['acetic acid']

entities_list: @entity597 :: ('CHEBI:16189', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfate']

answer: @entity9850 :: (MESH:D006583,Chemical) :: ['Polybrene']


abstract: Quantifying body fat is currently an area of active research. Recent studies have shown that the quantity and location of fat in different compartments have varying clinical significance. This information can now be obtained from computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR), and it can inform clinical decision making for @entity1 management. @entity6 @entity1 with insulin resistance and @entity3190 have @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) ranging from @entity1560 to @entity1561 ( @entity1561 ) and @entity82 , typically diagnosed by liver biopsy or serum markers. There is now an emerging role of noninvasive imaging tests such as MR imaging or MR spectroscopy or elastography, which can provide quantitative information and have potential to avoid biopsy. @entity28 @entity1 with @entity6 are also at risk for @entity65 and @entity5 . There is an emerging role for imaging in early detection of not only structural but also functional abnormalities of myocardium at a subclinical stage. Screening for @entity5 is currently recommended only for breast, colon, prostate, and cervix. Given wider availability and advances in imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography/CT (faster scans with higher resolution and less ionizing radiation) and better understanding of molecular biology and risk-stratification, more and more @entity5 are being detected in early stages with better clinical outcomes. Concerns related to cost, overdiagnosis, and unnecessary interventions must be addressed before population-based screening for other @entity5 is recommended. Based on ongoing imaging research, it is expected that it will be possible to provide more precise measurement of body fat and detect @entity65 and @entity5 earlier in their course.

title: XXXX and @entity6 : newer concepts in imaging.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['steatosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['NAFLD', 'NASH', 'nonalcoholic steatohepatitis', 'nonalcoholic fatty liver disease']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: While infrequent, nodal @entity3 in @entity957 ( @entity957 ) can result in @entity204 from disease. Identification of those at risk for @entity3 is key to improved prognostication and treatment. OBJECTIVE: To review metastatic @entity957 at the study institution. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Sixteen @entity1 with metastatic @entity957 were identified at the New York University Dermatologic Associates and @entity5 Associates from 1998 to 2013. @entity1 were staged with American Joint Committee on @entity5 (AJCC) and modified Brigham and @entity1 's Hospital (BWH) criteria and compared to 32 control subjects. RESULTS: Seven of 16 @entity1 were identified as Stage T2 by AJCC criteria and Stage T2b by BWH criteria; two @entity1 were on Stage T1, three @entity1 were on more advanced T stages, and four @entity1 lacked @entity5 data. Five @entity1 had @entity1583 , and one @entity1 had a solid-organ transplant. CONCLUSION: The modified BWH criteria aims to better prognosticate the large group of T2 @entity5 , resulting in the majority of mortality. In the experience of the authors, the majority of @entity1 with @entity3 were on T2, stratifying to stage T2b by BWH criteria, or more advanced T stages. The findings of this study support BWH stratification of T2 @entity5 and also indicate that @entity1583 is a significant comorbidity associated with a poor outcome.

title: Metastatic @entity957 : The Importance of T2 Stratification and XXXX in Prognostication.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['AJCC tumors', 'tumors', 'primary tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cSCC', 'cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1583 :: ('MESH:D019337', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic malignancy']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity1583 :: (MESH:D019337,Disease) :: ['Hematologic Malignancy']


abstract: @entity375 regulatory genes CAT1 and @entity16713 constitute a positive control circuit necessary for derepression of gluconeogenic and @entity7016 -utilizing enzymes. Mutations within these genes are epistatic to @entity27637 and @entity16712 , which cause defects in @entity413 repression. cat1 and @entity16713 mutants are unable to grow in the presence of nonfermentable @entity505 sources or @entity7969 . Stable gene disruptions were constructed inside these genes, and the resulting growth deficiencies were used for selecting epistatic mutations. The revertants obtained were tested for @entity413 repression, and those showing altered regulatory properties were further investigated. Most revertants belonged to a single complementation group called @entity27638 . This recessive mutation caused a defect in @entity413 repression of invertase, maltase, and @entity11291 -cytochrome c. Additionally, @entity16360 activity was increased. Gluconeogenic enzymes are still normally repressible in @entity27638 mutants. The occurrence of recombination of cat1:: @entity14414 and @entity16713 :: @entity8350 with some @entity27638 alleles allowed significant growth in the presence of @entity1068 , which could be attributed to a partial derepression of gluconeogenic enzymes. The @entity27638 complementation group was tested for allelism with @entity27637 , @entity16712 , @entity27639 , @entity9787 , @entity15435 , and @entity15434 mutations, which were previously described as affecting @entity413 repression. Allelism tests and tetrad analysis clearly proved that the @entity27638 complementation group is a new class of mutant alleles affecting @entity505 source-dependent gene expression.

title: Extragenic suppressors of @entity375 @entity413 derepression mutants leading to constitutive synthesis of several XXXX -repressible enzymes.

entities_list: @entity7016 :: ('CHEBI:36233', 'Chemical') :: ['disaccharide']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces cerevisiae']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity5 most commonly arises from the glottis. Comparable outcomes in survival have been shown in @entity1 with early @entity957 treated with either surgery or radiotherapy. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Administrative database study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The US National @entity5 Institute's SEER database (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) was queried for cases of early glottic @entity5 (T1-T2N0M0, 1988-2012). We identified 13,312 qualifying cases. @entity1 demographics, therapeutic measures, and survival outcomes were examined with appropriate univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS: Early glottic @entity5 has a mean age at diagnosis of 64.8    11.6 years and a male:female ratio of 6.9:1. The most common treatment modality was radiotherapy alone (51.6%), followed by combination therapy with surgery first (31.5%). Overall, the 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) rate was 88.4%. When stratified by treatment modality and stage, 5-year DSS for T1 @entity5 was 93.2% with surgery alone and 89.0% with radiation alone (P < .0001). With combination therapy, the 5-year DSS was 91.3% for surgery first and 84.9% for radiation first (P = .0239). In T2 @entity5 , 5-year DSS was improved with single-modality therapy versus multimodality therapy (81.1% vs 76.4; P = .0255). CONCLUSION: In T1 disease, surgery alone shows improved 5-year DSS versus radiation alone, but this difference was not observed in T2 @entity5 . Additionally, surgery, rather than radiation, shows improved 5-year DSS when implemented as a first-line therapy. Combination therapy does not show improved 5-year DSS for early glottic @entity5 .

title: Survival Impact of Initial Therapy in @entity1 with T1-T2 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Laryngeal cancer', 'cancer', 'Cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['glottic squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['Glottic Squamous Cell Carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The classification and therapy of @entity1 with chronic @entity158 without evidence of somatic factors as an explanation is currently a matter of debate. The diagnostic label " @entity239 syndrome"(FMS) has been rejected by some representatives of general and psychosomatic medicine. METHODS: A summary is given of the main recommendations from current evidence-based guidelines on FMS and nonspecific/functional/somatoform bodily complaints. RESULTS: The criteria of FMS and of persistent somatoform @entity2531 or @entity1118 with somatic and psychological factors partly overlap. They include differential clinical characteristics of @entity1 with chronic @entity158 but without sufficiently explaining somatic factors. Not all @entity1 diagnosed with FMS meet the criteria of a persistent somatoform @entity2531 . FMS is a functional disorder, in which in most @entity1 psychosocial factors play an important role in both the etiology and @entity221 . FMS can be diagnosed by looking at the history of a typical symptom cluster and excluding somatic differential diagnoses (without a tender point examination) using the modified 2010 diagnostic criteria of the American College of Rheumatology. Various levels of severity of FMS can be distinguished from a psychosomatic point of view, ranging from slight (single functional syndrome) to severe (meeting the criteria of multiple functional syndromes) forms of @entity1118 with somatic and psychological factors, of persistent somatoform @entity2531 or of a @entity2531 . The diagnosis of FMS as a functional syndrome/stress-associated disorder should be explicitly communicated to the @entity1 . A therapy within collaborative care adapted to the severity should be provided. For long-term management, nonpharmacological therapies such as aerobic exercise are recommended. In more severe cases, psychotherapy of comorbid @entity146 should be conducted. CONCLUSIONS: The coordinated recommendations of both guidelines can synthesize general medical, somatic, and psychosocial perspectives, and can promote graduated care of @entity1 diagnosed with FMS.

title: [ XXXX as a psychosomatic disorder - diagnosis and therapy according to current evidence-based guidelines].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'persons']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['course of illness']

entities_list: @entity2531 :: ('MESH:D013001', 'Disease') :: ['somatization disorder', 'pain disorder']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['widespread pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain disorder']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['Fibromyalgia syndrome']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Guided growth corrects pediatric @entity4218 by inhibiting growth on the convexity of the bone. Both modular and rigid implants have been used; we endeavor to determine whether a clear advantage of one implant exists. We further hypothesize that improved correction could be realized by accelerating growth with resection of the periosteum. METHODS: Sixteen @entity742 underwent guided growth of the medial proximal tibia (the opposite limb served as a control). Group 1 used a rigid staple (n=5); group 2 a modular plate and screw construct (n=5), and group 3 had a similar device plus periosteal resection (n=6). Radiographs tracked the progression of @entity85 . Before sacrifice, pulsed fluorochrome labels allowed for temporal and spatial growth rate analysis. At sacrifice, True @entity85 was calculated (and compared with control tibia) from standardized radiographs in the coronal and sagittal planes. Device Efficiencies were normalized by dividing True @entity85 produced (degrees) by the Expected Growth gain (mm) from the control limb. RESULTS: Group 3 produced greater coronal plane deformity than group 1 by an average of 2.2 degrees per month (P=0.001) and group 2 by an average of 2.4 degrees per month (P=0.0007). At sacrifice, groups 1 and 2 were equally effective at limiting growth to 75% of control; no differences in @entity851 were noted. No differences in Device Efficiency were noted between groups 1 and 2. The Device Efficiency was significantly different between groups 1 and 2 with comparison with group 3 (P=0.05 and P=0.022); with a 2.5 degree/mm faster deformation in the stripped cohort. CONCLUSIONS: Rigid implants initially produced deformity quicker than modular constructs; yet ultimately, both implants were equally effective at guiding growth. Device Efficiency for the modular group improved significantly with the addition of periosteal stripping as method to accelerate growth.

title: XXXX (Hemiepiphyseal Stapling) and Growth Acceleration (Periosteal Resection) as a Method to Improve Guided Growth in a Lamb Model.

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity in the coronal plane', 'Deformity']

entities_list: @entity851 :: ('MESH:D006130', 'Disease') :: ['growth retardation']

entities_list: @entity4218 :: ('MESH:D017880', 'Disease') :: ['limb deformity']

answer: @entity851 :: (MESH:D006130,Disease) :: ['Growth Retardation']


abstract: PURPOSE: First-pass perfusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a promising technique for detecting @entity741 . However, the diagnostic value of the method is limited by the low spatial coverage, resolution, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and cardiac motion-related image artifacts. A combination of sliding window and conjugate-gradient HighlY constrained back-PRojection reconstruction (SW-CG-HYPR) method has been proposed in healthy volunteer studies to reduce the acquisition window for each slice while maintaining the temporal resolution of 1 frame per heartbeat in myocardial perfusion MRI. This method allows for improved spatial coverage, resolution, and SNR. METHODS: In this study, we use a controlled animal model to test whether the myocardial territory supplied by a stenotic coronary artery can be detected accurately by SW-CG-HYPR perfusion method under pharmacological stress. RESULTS: Results from 6 mongrel @entity235 (15-25 kg) studies demonstrate the feasibility of SW-CG-HYPR to detect regional perfusion defects. Using this method, the acquisition time per cardiac cycle was reduced by a factor of 4, and the spatial coverage was increased from 2 to 3 slices to 6 slices as compared with the conventional techniques including both turbo-Fast Low Angle Short (FLASH) and @entity2996 ( @entity2996 ). The SNR of the healthy myocardium at peak enhancement with SW-CG-HYPR (12.68    2.46) is significantly higher (P < 0.01) than the turbo-FLASH (8.65    1.93) and @entity2996 (5.48    1.24). The spatial resolution of SW-CG-HYPR images is 1.2 * 1.2 * 8.0 mm, which is better than the turbo-FLASH (1.8 * 1.8 * 8.0 mm) and @entity2996 (2.0 * 1.8 * 8.0 mm). CONCLUSIONS: Sliding-window CG-HYPR is a promising technique for myocardial perfusion MRI. This technique provides higher image quality with respect to significantly improved SNR and spatial resolution of the myocardial perfusion images, which might improve myocardial perfusion imaging in a clinical setting.

title: Myocardial perfusion magnetic resonance imaging using sliding-window conjugate-gradient HYPR methods in XXXX with stenotic coronary arteries.

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

entities_list: @entity2996 :: ('MESH:C564543', 'Disease') :: ['echoplanar imaging', 'EPI']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['canine']


abstract: Six @entity1 with a variety of exercise-induced transient @entity227 are described. Each @entity1 was in excellent health and most exercised regularly. None of the @entity1 had a history of @entity2704 , and only one gave a history of @entity2704 in the family. One @entity1 reported a single event, and the others reported recurrent events. These recurrent @entity227 were stereotyped except in one @entity1 who experienced two distinctly different @entity227 . Two @entity1 described classic scintillating @entity1019 . Two described flickering phenomena in the central vision. Three described monocular events: one reported central @entity1019 , another blurring in the temporal field, and the third reported @entity1939 . In no case could it be established that these events were associated with underlying disease. We believe that exercise-induced @entity2704 equivalents are the most plausible explanation for these transient @entity227 .

title: Exercise-induced transient XXXX in young healthy adults.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual phenomena', 'visual events', 'visual symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1939 :: ('MESH:D001766', 'Disease') :: ['amaurosis']

answer: @entity227 :: (MESH:D014786,Disease) :: ['visual events']


abstract: Eight autopsy cases of paraquat @entity4968 from 1980 to 1990 were studied by light microscopy. An attempt was made to correlate the severity of @entity4968 , as assessed by the blood paraquat concentrations and the time between ingestion and treatment, with the survival periods and pathological changes. Six of the @entity1 were male. The mean age was 21 years (range 12-33 years). The blood paraquat concentrations on admission ranged from 0.04 to 4.27 micrograms/ml. The survival periods were between 26 hours and 59 days. The main causes of @entity204 included @entity1457 in one @entity1 with 26 hours survival, and @entity131 of the lungs and @entity4295 or @entity5720 in 4 @entity1 who survived less than 7 days. Pulmonary proliferative changes leading to @entity1576 were detected in the remaining @entity1 , who survived 11, 17, and 59 days. The liver revealed @entity1157 in the portal areas, centrolobular @entity1448 , @entity1560 , and @entity99 . The adrenal glands showed diffuse cortical @entity39 in 3 severe cases. Mild acute @entity788 was evident in one case. The brain was @entity4 with or without focal minimal @entity548 . @entity2401 , @entity5442 , and @entity3894 of erythropoiesis, as previously described, were not present in this study. The severity of @entity4968 seems to correlate reversely with the survival periods and directly with degrees of @entity358 and @entity39 .

title: XXXX : a light microscopic study in eight autopsy cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['acute alveolar injury']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['inconspicuous centrolobular hepatic necrosis']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['fatty metamorphosis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['acute tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'adrenal cortical necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory collapse']

entities_list: @entity5720 :: ('MESH:D007681', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse cortical necrosis of the kidneys']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['bile duct injury']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['edematous']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestasis']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary damage']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory failure']

entities_list: @entity2401 :: ('MESH:D009205', 'Disease') :: ['Toxic myocarditis']

answer: @entity4968 :: (MESH:D011041,Disease) :: ['Fatal paraquat poisoning']


abstract: PURPOSE: Once-daily dosing of @entity581 has been suggested to improve their efficacy and reduce their @entity137 . To test the clinical validity of this suggestion, we conducted a prospective, randomized trial comparing a conventional multiple-daily-dosing regimen of @entity5153 with once-daily administration of the same total daily dose of this @entity4028 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We enrolled 141 predominantly elderly @entity1 with severe @entity2348 . All @entity1 received once-daily doses of 2 g @entity2756 , in addition to @entity5153 . RESULTS: @entity1 randomized to either of the two dosing strategies were comparable regarding age, APACHE II score, concomitant diseases, @entity281 site, and rate of culture-proven @entity2259 . @entity5153 treatment did not differ significantly in mean daily dose per kg body weight and days of therapy between the two treatment arms. Compared to @entity1 receiving conventional doses, @entity1 treated with a once-daily dose had higher serum peak @entity5153 levels and lower trough levels. Outcome of @entity281 and mortality were not influenced by dosing strategy. Although the overall incidence of nephrotoxicity was similar in both groups (16%), the occurrence of nephrotoxicity in @entity1 treated with once-daily doses of @entity5153 was significantly shifted to those given prolonged treatment, i.e., beyond 9 days. @entity2167 was documented in one @entity1 treated with conventional doses and two @entity1 treated with once-daily doses. CONCLUSION: Once-daily dosing of an @entity4028 plus a long-acting @entity5898 in these @entity1 constituted cost-effective and safe treatment for severe @entity2348 . @entity5153 -induced @entity137 may be reduced by using once-daily dosing regimens and limiting the duration of treatment.

title: Once-daily dosing regimen for XXXX plus beta-lactam combination therapy of serious @entity2348 : comparative trial with @entity5153 plus @entity2756 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['Auditory toxicity']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infections']

entities_list: @entity5898 :: ('CHEBI:23066', 'Chemical') :: ['cephalosporin']

entities_list: @entity5153 :: ('MESH:D009428', 'Chemical') :: ['netilmicin', 'Netilmicin']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity581 :: ('MESH:D000617', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycosides']

entities_list: @entity2259 :: ('MESH:D016470', 'Disease') :: ['bacteremia']

entities_list: @entity4028 :: ('CHEBI:47779', 'Chemical') :: ['aminoglycoside']

answer: @entity4028 :: (CHEBI:47779,Chemical) :: ['aminoglycoside']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Good reliability of methods to assess the extent of @entity63 in @entity64 is important for implementation in clinical practice, especially between observers with varying experience. Our aim was to determine inter- and intra-observer reliability of the 1/3 middle cerebral artery (MCA) rule and the Alberta @entity64 Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) for different CT modalities in @entity1 suspected of acute @entity385 . METHODS: We prospectively included 105 @entity1 with acute @entity51 due to suspected acute @entity385 within 9 hours after symptom onset. All @entity1 underwent non-contrast CT, CT perfusion and CT angiography on admission. All images were evaluated twice for presence of @entity63 , @entity63 with >1/3 MCA involvement, and ASPECTS. Four observers evaluated twenty scans twice for intra-observer agreement. We used kappa statistics and intraclass correlation coefficient to calculate agreement. RESULTS: Inter-observer agreement for the 1/3 MCA rule and ASPECTS was fair to good for non-contrast CT, poor to good for CT angiography source images, but excellent for all CT perfusion maps (cerebral blood volume, mean transit time, and predicted penumbra and @entity1188 ). Intra-observer agreement for the 1/3 MCA rule and ASPECTS was poor to good for non-contrast CT, fair to moderate for CT angiography source images, and good to excellent for all CT perfusion maps. CONCLUSION: Between observers with a different level of experience, agreement on the radiological diagnosis of @entity2806 is much better for CT perfusion than for non-contrast CT and CT angiography source images, and therefore CT perfusion is a very reliable addition to standard @entity64 imaging.

title: Reliability of visual assessment of non-contrast CT, CT angiography source images and CT perfusion in XXXX with suspected @entity385 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarct maps']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Seventeen previously untreated @entity1 with metastatic @entity1149 were entered in this phase I trial. Treatment consisted of a combination of @entity27330 and @entity900 at a starting dose of 12 and 15 mg/m2, respectively, given i.v. during 5 days and repeated every 28 days. A total of 46 cycles was given. @entity8 was the dose-limiting @entity137 of @entity900 with a maximum tolerated dose of 12 mg/m2. This @entity137 occurred at a dose lower than expected, indicating a possible potentiation of @entity902 @entity8 by @entity27330 . Myelosuppression was the dose-limiting @entity137 of @entity27330 , with a maximum tolerated dose of 12 mg/m2. Other side effects included generalized @entity425 and @entity16 . In 15 @entity1 evaluable for response seven progressed, six were stable for a median duration of 13 weeks, and two @entity1 achieved a partial remission lasting 8 and 24 weeks, respectively. The overall response rate was 13%. The recommended phase II dose of both agents in this schedule was 12 mg/m2. The possible enhancement of @entity900 @entity137 might have compromised the overall response rate of the combination and further studies using these drugs in this schedule are not recommended.

title: Phase I study of @entity27330 and XXXX in @entity1149 . A National Cancer Institute of Canada study.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal function abnormality', 'renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal and neurological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity425 :: ('MESH:D018908', 'Disease') :: ['weakness']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The authors measured regional cerebral 133xenon (133Xe) blood flow (rCBF), intraventricular pressure (IVP), cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pH and @entity880 , systemic arterial blood pressure (SAP), and arterial blood gases during the acute phase in 23 @entity772 @entity1 with severe @entity542 . The IVP was kept below 45 mm Hg. The rCBF was measured repeatedly, and the response to induced @entity101 and hyperventilation was tested. Most @entity1 had reduced rCBF. No correlation was found between average CBF and clinical condition, and neither global nor regional @entity63 contributed significantly to the reduced brain function. No correlation was found between CBF and IVP or CBF and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). The CSF @entity880 was elevated significantly in @entity1 with @entity75 , but not in @entity1 with "pure" cortical lesiosn. The 133Xe clearance curves from areas of severe @entity75 had very fast initial components called tissue peaks. The tissue peak areas correlated with areas of early veins in the angiograms, indicating a state of relative @entity450 , referred to as tissue-peak @entity450 . Tissue-peak @entity450 was found in all @entity1 with @entity4551 or severe contusion but not in @entity1 with @entity75 without such @entity75 . The peaks increased in number during clinical deterioration and disappeared during improvement. They could be provoked by induced @entity101 and disappeared during hyperventilation. The changes in the tissue-peak areas appeared to be related to the clinical course of the @entity75 .

title: Dynamic changes in regional CBF, intraventricular pressure, CSF pH and @entity880 levels during the acute phase of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain-stem lesions', 'cortical lesions', 'cortical lesion']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injuries']

entities_list: @entity772 :: ('MESH:D003128', 'Disease') :: ['comatose']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

entities_list: @entity4551 :: ('MESH:D022125', 'Disease') :: ['cortical laceration']

entities_list: @entity880 :: ('MESH:D019344', 'Chemical') :: ['lactate']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['head injury']


abstract: The long-term safety and efficacy of the inotropic/vasodilatory agent @entity17873 (50 to 100 mg 3 times daily) were evaluated in 30 @entity1 with chronic @entity712 (New York Heart Association classes II to IV). Nineteen @entity1 had @entity1000 and 11 had @entity741 . @entity1 were receiving maintenance therapy of digitalis and diuretics. Cardiac function was assessed at 12 week intervals (physical examination, exercise testing, chest x ray, echocardiography, radionuclide angiography, 24-hour Holter monitoring and blood chemistry). During a mean follow-up of 40 weeks, 6 @entity1 died, due to noncardiac (n = 1) and @entity944 (n = 1) and to @entity712 (n = 4) within 36 weeks of drug treatment. In the remaining @entity1 New York Heart Association class improved in 18, was stationary in 5 and deteriorated in 1. Exercise capacity increased during the first 26 weeks and was maintained improved thereafter. Clinical improvement appeared not to wane with time. No change in heart rate, blood pressure and cardiothoracic ratio was observed. Echocardiographic left ventricular dimensions did not change significantly; however, the fractional shortening increased from baseline (14%) to 19% after 12 weeks, 17% after 26 weeks and 21% after 52 weeks (p less than 0.05). The preejection period/left ventricular ejection time ratio decreased from 0.74 to 0.35, 0.44 and 0.43 (p less than 0.05), respectively. There was an increase in radionuclide ejection fraction from 23% to 27% (difference not significant).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Long-term treatment with oral XXXX for chronic @entity712 : the European experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'cardiac failure']

entities_list: @entity17873 :: ('MESH:D017335', 'Chemical') :: ['enoximone']

entities_list: @entity944 :: ('MESH:D003645', 'Disease') :: ['sudden death']

entities_list: @entity1000 :: ('MESH:C536277', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic heart disease']

answer: @entity17873 :: (MESH:D017335,Chemical) :: ['enoximone']


abstract: This paper describes the interactions between dendritic cells (DC) and T helper (Th) cells in the @entity35 mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR). Th blasts that are actively proliferating were generated in a 5 d primary MLR; resting Th memory cells were derived from a 10-12 d MLR. The DC were purified from thoracic duct lymph derived from @entity35 whose mesenteric lymph nodes had been removed. The results show that DC are the major stimulators in the primary MLR and also for the restimulation of Th blasts and Th memory cells. Th blasts rapidly formed large clusters when cultured with DC but not with Ia+ macrophages or B cells. This interaction was not dependent on a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) difference between the T blasts and the DC. Con A-activated T and B blasts also formed clusters when cultured with DC. Th memory cells formed small clusters with DC, but, in a different assay in which clusters are dispersed, we detected an antigen-specific interaction between Th memory cells and DC. The monoclonal antibodies @entity11264 (anti-rat @entity11264 ) and MRC OX-6 (anti-MHC class II) blocked proliferation in the primary MLR and also inhibited the restimulation of Th memory cells. However, the restimulation of Th blasts in a secondary MLR was only blocked by MRC OX-6. These results suggest that there are different requirements for the restimulation of T blasts than for the activation of primary or memory Th cells. @entity11264 did not affect the clustering of T blasts with DC but they both inhibited the antigen-specific binding of Th memory cells to DC. The data suggest that the @entity11264 ( @entity11264 ) antigen is involved in antigen-specific interactions between Th cells and DC.

title: Interactions between T helper cells and dendritic cells during the XXXX mixed lymphocyte reaction.

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Waist circumference (WC) is highly associated with metabolic risk factor clusters (RFC) for chronic @entity166 ( @entity166 ). In this study, we evaluated the use of WC measurements to detect @entity4854 and @entity2299 in @entity1 and adolescents using the WC cutoff points reported in the Bogalusa Heart study and the New Zealand study. DESIGN AND METHODS: Students (n=1011; aged 6 to 14years) were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Anthropometric indices, fasting @entity413 , and lipid profiles were measured. The associations between WC measures and serum parameters were investigated by logistic regression models, and the clinical accuracy of the studied parameters was assessed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS: The prevalence of increased WC was 30.2% using the New Zealand cutoff points and 13.7% using the Bogalusa cutoff values. In general, @entity1 with increased WC exhibited higher concentrations of total @entity165 , @entity1674 , LDL- @entity165 , and non-HDL- @entity165 and lower levels of HDL- @entity165 . The areas under the ROC curves (AUC) of the WC measurements were 0.770 (95% CI: 0.744-0.797) and 0.600 (95% CI: 0.569-0.631) using, respectively, the New Zealand and Bogalusa cutoff points for WC, indicating the prediction of simultaneous @entity4854 , increased levels of non-HDL- @entity165 , and reduced HDL- @entity165 for students with increased WC. There was a significant difference between AUC values (P=0.001). Furthermore, the sensitivity of using WC for detecting RFC in students was 2.0 to 2.5-fold higher with the New Zealand study cutoff values for WC than with those from the Bogalusa study. Logistic regression analysis revealed that increased WC was associated with simultaneous @entity4854 and @entity2299 after controlling for differences in sex and age (P<0.01 for all). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 and adolescents exhibited a high prevalence of increased WC associated with other RFCs for @entity166 . Increased WC may be used to screen and identify students with elevated clusters of metabolic risk factors for @entity166 .

title: Simultaneous prediction of @entity4854 and @entity2299 in school XXXX in Santa Catarina State, Brazil based on waist circumference measurement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['NCDs', 'non-communicable diseases']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate whether early initiation of new oral anticoagulants (NOAC) for @entity64 or @entity63 ( @entity63 ) @entity1 with @entity955 ( @entity955 ) are safe. METHODS: Between March 2011 and September 2012, @entity64 or @entity63 @entity1 with @entity955 who started NOAC within 2 weeks were enrolled retrospectively. Symptomatic @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ), @entity548 ( @entity548 ) on T2*-weighted MRI, recurrence of @entity64 or @entity63 , systemic @entity887 and any @entity548 complications after initiation of NOAC were evaluated. RESULTS: 41 @entity1 (25 males; mean age 76.2 years) started NOAC; of which, 39 (95%) @entity1 had @entity64 , and 2 (5%) had @entity63 . The median (interquartile range) interval from onset to treatment with NOAC was 2 (1-6) days. Symptomatic @entity1779 was not observed. @entity548 on initial T2* and new @entity548 on follow-up T2* were 5 (12%) and 11 (31%), but it was asymptomatic. Of 5 @entity1 who had @entity548 on the initial T2*, enlargement of @entity548 on follow-up T2* ( @entity385 ( @entity385 ) Type 1 > @entity385 Type 2) was observed in 1 @entity1 , but it was asymptomatic. None of the @entity1 had recurrent @entity64 or @entity63 , systemic @entity887 , and any @entity548 complications. CONCLUSIONS: The NOAC may be safe in @entity64 or @entity63 @entity1 with @entity955 . A large, prospective study is needed to confirm this.

title: Early initiation of new oral anticoagulants in @entity64 and @entity63 @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['HT', 'hemorrhagic transformation', 'hemorrhage', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['transient ischemic attack', 'TIA']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['nonvalvular atrial fibrillation', 'NVAF']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic infarction', 'HI']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['nonvalvular atrial fibrillation']


abstract: OBJECT: @entity10128 is generally diagnosed based on its magnetic resonance (MR) imaging characteristics and the @entity1 's clinical symptoms, but the relationship between the neuroradiological findings and clinical presentation has never been fully investigated. In this retrospective study the authors sought to determine this relationship. METHODS: The authors classified 11 cases of @entity10128 into two categories based on the MR findings. Seven cases were the "parahypothalamic type," in which the @entity4607 is only attached to the floor of the third ventricle or suspended from the floor by a peduncle. Four cases were the "intrahypothalamic type," in which the @entity4607 involved or was enveloped by the hypothalamus and the @entity5 distorted the third ventricle. Six @entity1 with the parahypothalamic type exhibited precocious puberty, which was controlled by a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analog, and one @entity1 was asymptomatic. No @entity410 or @entity1032 were observed in this group. All @entity1 with the intrahypothalamic type had medically intractable @entity410 , and precocious puberty was seen in one. Severe @entity1032 and @entity146 including @entity146 were seen in two @entity1 . The @entity410 were controlled in only one @entity1 , in whom stereotactically targeted irradiation of the lesion was performed. This topology/symptom relationship was reconfirmed in a review of 61 reported cases of @entity4607 , in which the MR findings were clearly described. The parahypothalamic type is generally associated with precocious puberty but is unaccompanied by @entity410 or @entity245 , whereas the intrahypothalamic type is generally associated with @entity410 . Two thirds of @entity1 with the latter experience developmental delays, and half also exhibit precocious puberty. CONCLUSIONS: Classification of @entity10128 into these two categories based on MR findings resulted in a clear correlation between symptoms and the subsequent clinical course.

title: The relationship between magnetic resonance imaging findings and clinical manifestations of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral disorders', 'aggressiveness']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['developmental delay']

entities_list: @entity10128 :: ('MESH:C537158', 'Disease') :: ['Hypothalamic hamartoma', 'hypothalamic hamartomas', 'hypothalamic hamartoma']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['hamartoma']

answer: @entity10128 :: (MESH:C537158,Disease) :: ['hypothalamic hamartoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated @entity32 , inducible by - amongst other factors - auto-antibodies, is increasingly recognized as a potential mediator of @entity65 . We investigated whether anti-apolipoprotein ( @entity16066 )A-1 IgG was associated with a pro-inflammatory cytokine profile in @entity583 ( @entity583 ) @entity1 and whether anti- @entity1675 IgG elicited a pro-inflammatory response by activating TLRs. METHODS: As surrogate markers of @entity731 vulnerability, @entity650 , @entity5 @entity39 factor ( @entity310 , @entity1495 and @entity1549 levels were assessed in 221 consecutive @entity583 @entity1 . Using @entity1 monocyte-derived macrophages (HMDMs) we investigated (i) the anti- @entity1675 IgG interaction with TLRs using proximity ligation assay and (ii) anti- @entity1675 IgG-dependent @entity650 / @entity310 production. TLR involvement was further confirmed using HEK293-Blue @entity4516 cells and by computational docking simulations. RESULTS: In @entity583 patients, anti- @entity1675 IgG positivity was associated with higher levels of @entity650 , @entity310 and @entity1495 , but lower @entity1549 levels. In in vitro experiments, anti- @entity1675 antibodies bound to HDMDs in a @entity2938 -dependent manner, resulting in nuclear translocation of NFkB and a significant increase in @entity310 and @entity650 production. Subsequent functional studies highlighted the importance of @entity5750 as co-receptor in the anti- @entity1675 IgG- @entity2938 -induced cytokine production. Additional bioinformatic studies identified structural homologies between @entity2938 and @entity1675 , which may explain the observed cross-reactivity between antibodies against these two molecules. CONCLUSIONS: Anti- @entity1675 IgG positivity in @entity583 is associated with a high-risk cytokine profile. These auto-antibodies promote @entity32 by stimulating the @entity2938 / @entity5750 receptor complex, probably because of molecular mimicry, which may contribute to @entity731 -related complications in @entity1 .

title: Anti-apolipoprotein A-1 IgG in XXXX with @entity583 promotes @entity32 through @entity2938 / @entity5750 complex.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['vascular inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic plaque']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1495 :: ('4318', 'Gene') :: ['matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9', 'MMP-9']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have revealed correlations between @entity0 phenotypes, variations in gene expression, and @entity1 survival outcomes. The molecular heterogeneity between @entity0 revealed by these studies has allowed prediction of prognosis and has underpinned stratified therapy, where groups of @entity1 with particular @entity5 types receive specific treatments. The molecular tests used to predict prognosis and stratify treatment usually utilise fixed sets of genomic biomarkers, with the same biomarker sets being used to test all @entity1 . In this paper we suggest that instead of fixed sets of genomic biomarkers, it may be more effective to use a stratified biomarker approach, where optimal biomarker sets are automatically chosen for particular @entity1 groups, analogous to the choice of optimal treatments for groups of similar @entity1 in stratified therapy. We illustrate the effectiveness of a biclustering approach to select optimal gene sets for determining the prognosis of specific strata of @entity1 , based on potentially overlapping, non-discrete molecular characteristics of @entity5 . RESULTS: Biclustering identified tightly co-expressed gene sets in the @entity5 of restricted subgroups of @entity0 @entity1 . The co-expressed genes in these biclusters were significantly enriched for particular biological annotations and gene regulatory modules associated with @entity0 biology. Tumours identified within the same bicluster were more likely to present with similar clinical features. Bicluster membership combined with clinical information could predict @entity1 prognosis in conditional inference tree and ridge regression class prediction models. CONCLUSIONS: The increasing clinical use of genomic profiling demands identification of more effective methods to segregate @entity1 into prognostic and treatment groups. We have shown that biclustering can be used to select optimal gene sets for determining the prognosis of specific strata of @entity1 .

title: Biclustering reveals XXXX subgroups with common clinical features and improves prediction of disease recurrence.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumours', 'tumour']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast tumours', 'breast cancer', 'breast tumour']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer tumour']


abstract: 1. The effects of acute and chronic (14 day) administration of the @entity1063 uptake inhibitor, @entity5829 ( @entity9956 ), on the thermogenic responses to @entity1338 in @entity2515 -treated @entity19 , and on the hypothermic and @entity458 responses to the alpha 2-agonist, UK-14,304, in untreated @entity19 were examined. 2. Taking the capacity of @entity9956 to delay the onset of @entity2515 -induced @entity2332 as an indicator of @entity1063 (NA) uptake inhibition, the lowest dose of @entity9956 to inhibit uptake significantly for 12 h in the @entity19 was shown to be between 10 and 20 mg kg-1 orally. 3. Chronic (every 12 h for 14 days), but not acute treatment with @entity9956 (15 mg kg-1, orally), attenuated the thermogenic responses to low doses (0.02-0.225 mg kg-1, i.p.) of @entity1338 (injected 20 h after the last dose of @entity9956 ) in reserpinized @entity19 . 4. Acute @entity9956 administration slightly attenuated the @entity2332 and @entity458 induced by UK-14,304 (0.25-1.0 mg kg-1, i.p.) when injected 2h, but not when injected 18-21h before the agonist. In contrast, 18-21h after withdrawal from chronic @entity9956 both of these responses to UK-14, 304 were markedly attenuated. 5. As the thermogenic response to @entity1338 in reserpinized @entity19 appears to involve central post-synaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors, these results suggest that prolonged inhibition of NA uptake decreases the sensitivity of postsynaptic alpha 2-adrenoceptors. The results of the studies using UK-14,304 indicate that central alpha 2-adrenoceptors involved in mediating other behavioural and pharmacological responses to alpha 2-agonists are also down-regulated by chronic inhibition of NA uptake.

title: The effects of acute and chronic @entity5829 on the thermogenic and XXXX responses to alpha 2-agonists in reserpinized and normal @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity2515 :: ('MESH:D012110', 'Chemical') :: ['reserpine']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['hypoactivity']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity458 :: (MESH:D020018,Disease) :: ['hypoactivity']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Due to their ability to regulate various signalling pathways (cytokines, hormones, growth factors), the @entity14379 ( @entity14379 ) proteins are thought to be promising therapeutic targets for metabolic and inflammatory disorders. Hence, their role in vivo has to be precisely determined. METHODS: We generated @entity19 constitutively producing @entity26102 in skeletal muscle to define whether the sole abundance of @entity26102 is sufficient to induce @entity209 and whether @entity26102 is implicated in physiological roles distinct from metabolism. RESULTS: We demonstrate here that chronic expression of @entity26102 in skeletal muscle leads to overweight in @entity19 and worsening of high-fat diet-induced systemic insulin resistance. Counter-intuitively, insulin sensitivity in muscle of @entity19 appears to be unaltered. However, following constitutive @entity26102 production, several genes had deregulated expression, among them other members of the @entity14379 family. This could maintain the insulin signal into skeletal muscle. Interestingly, we found that @entity26102 interacts with calcineurin, which has been implicated in muscle contractility. In @entity14379 -3 transgenic muscle, this leads to delocalisation of calcineurin to the fibre periphery. Relevant to this finding, @entity26102 transgenic animals had dilatation of the sarcoplasmic reticulum associated with swollen mitochondria and @entity3457 . CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Our results show that constitutive @entity26102 production in skeletal muscle is not in itself sufficient to induce the establishment of @entity209 such as @entity6 . In contrast, we reveal a novel role of @entity26102 , which appears to be important for muscle integrity and locomotor activity.

title: Constitutive expression of @entity14379 -3 in skeletal muscle leads to reduced mobility and overweight in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['mice', 'transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity14379 :: ('12700(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['Socs', 'SOCS', 'suppressor of cytokine signalling']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic disorders']

entities_list: @entity3457 :: ('OMIM:612348', 'Disease') :: ['decreased voluntary activity']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: The paper describes the epidemic of @entity2115 that occurred among guests and employees of a hotel at the Makarska littoral in May 1988. According to the so far reported data in the medical literature that was the third epidemic in our country and all three of them occurred in the Dalmatian touristic area. In this epidemic, nine foreign tourists were registered ill with the clinical picture of @entity4502 . Five @entity1 required hospitalization. The disease could be serologically proved in 4 @entity1 and @entity2114 SG1 was isolated from samples of 2 @entity1 and from sediment of the hot-water @entity3368 . Since the opening of the hotel until the end of May, 19 hotel employees developed a @entity221 of short duration. The disease was serologically proved in 7 of them. The morbidity rate in tourists was 2.5%, while it amounted to 7.1% in the hotel employees. The epidemic lasted for 16 days. The @entity281 spread through the hot water, and antiepidemic measures were limited to its pasteurization and hyperchloridation. The chain of @entity281 was broken off by the application of those measures.

title: [An XXXX at a hotel at the Makarska seashore].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity4502 :: ('MESH:D007877', 'Disease') :: ["Legionnaires' disease"]

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity2114 :: ('446', 'Species') :: ['Legionella pneumophila']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['febrile illness']

entities_list: @entity2115 :: ('MESH:D007876', 'Disease') :: ['Legionellosis']

answer: @entity2115 :: (MESH:D007876,Disease) :: ['epidemic of legionellosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Sympathetic nerve fibers in the skin nerves are connected with vasomotor, thermoregulatory, sensory input modulatory, and immunologic events; however, to our knowledge, no histological information is available for skin nerves in the @entity1 face. Using specimens from 17 donated cadavers (mean age, 86 years), we measured a sectional area of @entity4149 hydroxylase (TH)-positive fibers in 1) the frontal nerve (V1), 2) the infraorbital nerve (V2), 3) the mental nerve (V3), 4) the greater auricular nerve (C2), 5) the @entity8810 ( @entity8810 ) and, 6) the zygomatic branch of the facial nerve (VII). The V1, V2, and V3 were obtained at their entrances to the subcutaneous tissue from the bony canal or notch. The V1, C2, @entity8810 , and/or VII usually contained abundant TH-positive fibers (almost 3-8% of the nerve sectional area), whereas the @entity11759 consistently carried few TH-positive fibers (<1%). The difference between these two groups was quite significant (p<0.001). Thus, from the superior cervical ganglion, the sympathetic nerve fibers reached the forehead through the frontal nerve trunk, whereas artery-bounded fibers came to the cheek, nose, and mouth. The sympathetic palsy caused by trigeminal nerve involvement is mainly characterized by the symptoms seen in the distribution of the ophthalmic division of the trigeminal nerve, such as in @entity4820 . It suggests that the forehead and the other facial areas are representative parts of those different sympathetic innervations that could be useful for evaluating the sympathetic function of the face in various diseases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Significant differences in sympathetic nerve fiber density among the facial skin nerves: A histologic study using XXXX cadaveric specimens.

entities_list: @entity8810 :: ('MESH:D013547', 'Disease') :: ['ATN', 'auriculotemporal nerve']

entities_list: @entity4820 :: ('MESH:D006732', 'Disease') :: ["Horner's syndrome"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Kaempferia parviflora is a herbal plant whose rhizomes are used in traditional medicine. Investigations of this plant have shown it to have antidepressant activity and to improve learning and memory in animal models. The aim of the present investigation was to determine whether K. parviflora could protect the brain from the impairments in cognition and hippocampal neurogenesis which are caused by @entity1092 ( @entity3262 ). Male @entity35 (180-200g) were given once daily K. parviflora extract (100mg/kg) via oral gavage for 21 days. @entity35 received twice daily intraperitoneal injections of @entity1092 (300mg/kg) from days 8 to 21 of the experiment. Spatial memory was tested using the novel object location (NOL) test five days after the end of treatment. Cell proliferation in the sub granular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus was quantified by immunohistochemistry and levels of @entity15990 ( @entity15990 ) were determined by Western blotting. Co-treatment of @entity3262 and K. parviflora prevented the @entity73 and reduction in proliferating cells caused by @entity3262 . Furthermore, co-treatment significantly increased @entity15990 protein levels within the hippocampus. These findings demonstrate that K. parviflora is able to prevent the brain from @entity3262 -induced the @entity2414 and proliferating cells within the SGZ.

title: Kaempferia parviflora extract ameliorates the XXXX and the reduction in cell proliferation induced by @entity1092 treatment in @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive decline']

entities_list: @entity1092 :: ('MESH:D014635', 'Chemical') :: ['valproic acid']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague Dawley rats', 'Rats']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['impairments of spatial memory']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairments']