abstract: Two hundred and twenty-five fecal strains of @entity526 isolated from 109 non-hospitalized adults in 2006 were investigated for susceptibility to antibiotics and for the presence of integrons. High resistance rates in fecal strains of @entity526 were observed for @entity3639 (52.0%), @entity869 (50.2%), @entity3400 (50.2%), @entity206 / @entity207 (47.6%) and @entity2755 (33.8%). Integrons were found in 31.5% (71/225) of the strains using an integrase gene PCR assay. Among 71 integrase-positive strains, 65 strains belonged to class 1 integrons, while the remainder belonged to class 2. Gene cassette patterns of class 1 integrons were further characterized by PCR and direct sequencing. Among those class 1 integrase-containing isolates, the integron cassette region was amplified by PCR in 40.0% (26 of 65) of isolates. Five different antimicrobial resistance gene cassette arrays were found in those isolates. These gene cassettes included those encoding resistance to @entity206 (dfrV, @entity58267 , @entity51125 , @entity58268 ) and @entity3639 ( @entity51126 , @entity51127 , @entity43105 ). Among those gene cassette arrays, @entity51125 -orfF- @entity51127 was found in 53.8% (14/26) of the isolates. These findings indicate that multidrug resistance of fecal flora is common in Taiwan and that integrons play an important role in resistance to @entity206 and @entity3639 in @entity1 .

title: Characterization of antimicrobial resistance patterns and integrons in @entity1 fecal XXXX in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

entities_list: @entity3639 :: ('MESH:D013307', 'Chemical') :: ['streptomycin']

entities_list: @entity207 :: ('MESH:D013420', 'Chemical') :: ['sulfamethoxazole']

entities_list: @entity3400 :: ('MESH:D010878', 'Chemical') :: ['piperacillin']

entities_list: @entity869 :: ('MESH:D000667', 'Chemical') :: ['ampicillin']

entities_list: @entity2755 :: ('MESH:D002701', 'Chemical') :: ['chloramphenicol']

entities_list: @entity206 :: ('MESH:D014295', 'Chemical') :: ['trimethoprim']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: We have examined 107 cases of @entity1892 for the t(14;18) translocation, characteristically described in @entity706 . @entity1892 of extranodal origin, and in particular @entity5 derived from @entity1074 ( @entity1074 ), were compared with node-based @entity706 of follicular and diffuse morphology. Cytogenetic techniques were supplemented by molecular analysis using probes which recognize both the major and the minor breakpoint regions of the @entity588 gene located on chromosome 18 (q21). t(14;18) was detected in 55 per cent of follicular and 27 per cent of diffuse @entity1892 thought to be of follicle centre cell origin. Cytogenetics and molecular analysis proved equally effective in demonstrating the translocation. t(14;18) was not observed in the 36 @entity706 examined, of which 20 were characterized histologically as @entity1074 , using either technique. In addition, 30 cases demonstrated only a germline band when probed with a @entity20927 probe specific for t(14;19), a translocation observed in @entity6444 ( @entity6444 ). @entity2008 were detected in all cases of @entity706 , although no consistent abnormality was observed. Numerical abnormalities of chromosomes 3, 6, 16, and 18; @entity2526 , 6, 8, and 9; and small marker chromosomes were frequently seen. This study provides data which suggest that different genetic events are involved in the development of @entity1074 from those giving rise to follicle centre cell @entity706 .

title: Cytogenetic and molecular studies of t(14;18) and t(14;19) in nodal and extranodal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphomas', 'extranodal lymphomas', 'extranodal lymphoma', 'follicular lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['MALT', 'lymphomas of MALT', 'lymphoma of MALT', 'mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue']

entities_list: @entity2526 :: ('MESH:D025063', 'Disease') :: ['structural abnormalities of chromosomes 2']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas', 'B-Cell lymphomas', 'B-cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity6444 :: ('MESH:D015461', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'chronic lymphocytic leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['Cytogenetic abnormalities']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B-cell lymphoma']


abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta ( @entity1810 ) is a secreted protein that regulates proliferation, differentiation, and @entity204 in various cell types, including thyroid cells, although few details are known about its mechanisms of action in this cell type. Here, we studied the role of @entity1810 on the regulation of @entity1372 / @entity6893 symporter (NIS) gene expression in PC Cl3 thyroid cells. @entity1810 inhibits thyroid-stimulated hormone (TSH)-induced NIS mRNA and protein levels in a dose-dependent manner. This effect takes place at the transcriptional level, as @entity1810 inhibits TSH-induced transcription of a luciferase reporter construct containing a 2.8-kb DNA fragment of the @entity35 NIS promoter. The inhibitory effect of @entity1810 was partially overcome by inhibitory @entity39685 and mimicked by overexpression of either @entity15927 or a constitutively activated mutant of @entity1810 receptor I (acALK-5). Using internal deletions of the promoter, we defined a region between -2,841 to -1,941, which includes the NIS upstream enhancer (NUE), as responsible for the @entity1810 /Smad inhibitory effect. NUE contains two binding sites for the paired domain transcription factor @entity57152 , the main factor controlling NIS transcription. The physical interaction observed between @entity57152 and @entity15927 appears to be responsible for the decrease in @entity57152 binding to DNA. Expression of @entity57152 mRNA and protein was also decreased by @entity1810 treatment. The results suggest that, through activation of @entity15927 , @entity1810 decreases @entity57152 DNA binding activity as well as @entity57152 mRNA and protein levels, which are at least partially involved in @entity1810 -induced down-regulation of NIS gene expression in thyroid follicular cells. Our results thus demonstrate a novel mechanism of @entity15927 function in regulating thyroid cell differentiation by functionally antagonizing the action of the paired domain transcription factor @entity57152 .

title: The functional interaction between the paired domain transcription factor XXXX and @entity15927 is involved in transforming growth factor-beta repression of the @entity1372 / @entity6893 symporter gene.

answer: @entity57152 :: (81819(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Pax8']


abstract: The purpose of the work was to study effects of antianginal agents of various groups on the psychoemotional status and life quality (LQ) of elderly @entity1 with @entity301 ( @entity301 ) and concomitant @entity308 . The subjects of the study were 70 @entity1 (35 @entity1 and 35 @entity1 ) with stable @entity951 and @entity308 . The subjects were divided into 3 groups. The 20 @entity1 of group I were administered nitrates, the 32 @entity1 of group II--beta-adrenoblockers, and the 18 @entity1 of group III--a Ca antagonist. The control group consisted of 27 @entity1 without @entity308 . The treatment led to significant @entity2198 and weakly sublingual @entity12118 consumption in all the three groups. Significant reduction of average @entity308 score and personal @entity148 was noted in group III; decrease of situational @entity148 level was observed in group I. There was no change of the psychoemotional status in group II. Examination of @entity1 with @entity308 showed that their LQ, according to Nottingham Health Profile questionnaire, was significantly lower than that of @entity1 without @entity308 . In spite of more pronounced antianginal effect of beta-adrenoblockers, LQ in this group did not differ significantly from that in other groups. There was significant improvement of LQ in group I and III. The latter demonstrated even more prominent changes, consisting in positive dynamics of the emotional status and improvement of sleep. Despite antianginal agents, LQ of @entity1 with @entity308 remained significantly worse than that of @entity1 who did not have @entity308 prior to the therapy. Thus, correction of concomitant @entity308 will lead not only to improvement of LQ, but perhaps, also to improvement of the prognosis of @entity1 with @entity301 .

title: [Effects of therapy with various groups of antianginal agents on life quality of the elderly with XXXX and comorbid @entity308 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['reduction of weakly attack frequency']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['anxious depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity12118 :: ('CHEBI:28787', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerine']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['CHD', 'coronary heart disease']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: A 51-year-old @entity1 with @entity1860 ( @entity1860 ) was treated with @entity2213 (IM). After 24 months of treatment, he achieved a complete molecular response (CMR), which he sustained for 3 years. However, 4 months after discontinuing IM treatment, the @entity1860 relapsed. The @entity1 was treated again with IM and achieved CMR. A combination of IM and @entity4020 ( @entity4020 ) was administered for the following year, and then discontinued. The @entity1 has since sustained CMR without therapy for 24 months, to date. This @entity1 was found to have a @entity22030 (BIM) deletion polymorphism. @entity1860 @entity1 with a BIM deletion polymorphism show a low response to IM, and we infer that the BIM deletion polymorphism is a negative factor for discontinuation of IM. @entity4020 treatment is expected to prevent relapse during immunological surveillance. Therefore, the combination of IM and @entity4020 might be a feasible approach for @entity1860 @entity1 who experience difficulty with IM discontinuation.

title: Treatment-free molecular remission achieved by combination therapy with XXXX and @entity4020 in @entity1860 with BIM deletion polymorphism relapsed after stop @entity2213 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity1860 :: ('MESH:D015464', 'Disease') :: ['CML', 'chronic myeloid leukemia']

entities_list: @entity2213 :: ('MESH:C097613', 'Chemical') :: ['imatinib']

answer: @entity2213 :: (MESH:C097613,Chemical) :: ['imatinib']


abstract: DCC is a candidate @entity5 -suppressor gene encoding a protein with sequence similarity to cell adhesion molecules such as N-CAM. A set of overlapping YAC clones that contains the entire DCC coding region was isolated. Studies of this YAC contig showed that the DCC gene spans approximately 1.4 Mb. For elucidation of exon-intron structure, @entity5999 clones containing all known coding sequences were isolated from a genomic library. These clones were used to demonstrate the existence of 29 DCC exons, and the sequences of the exon-intron boundaries were determined for each. Twenty-three polymorphic markers from chromosome 18 were then studied in a panel of primary @entity14 that had lost some, but not all, of chromosome 18. In most of these @entity5 , the region that was lost included @entity18040 . Finally, Southern blot and PCR-based approaches were used to search for subtle mutations in several DCC exons. One @entity5 that had a point mutation in exon 28 was found, resulting in a @entity1521 to @entity3793 substitution. A second @entity5 with a point mutation in intron 13 was also found. The regional map and genomic structure of DCC should provide the means to more extensively study DCC gene alterations and protein function in normal and neoplastic cells.

title: The DCC gene: structural analysis and mutations in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3793 :: ('CHEBI:27570', 'Chemical') :: ['histidine']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal tumors']

entities_list: @entity1521 :: ('CHEBI:26271', 'Chemical') :: ['proline']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal carcinomas']


abstract: Marstock thermotesting evaluates A-delta- and @entity7183 functions. To optimize this method, intraindividual variations of vasodilatation, blood flow and sympathetic activity probably biasing thermotest results were imitated by exogenous stimuli which strongly exaggerated these intraindividual variations. In 20 healthy subjects, warm ( @entity7097 ), cold (CT), and @entity158 ( @entity158 ) thresholds were determined in the morning at the thenar (th), the volar wrist (wr), and behind the malleolus internus (mi). Thresholds at the thenar and the volar wrist were compared with those during severe @entity9201 induced by Minor's test, and to those measured when sympathetic activity had been increased by the ingestion of a high dose of @entity5834 (0.5 g). Furthermore, the intraindividual variation of local capillary blood flow and vasodilatation was imitated by a rubefacient liniment (Forapin) applied to the three sites. After a local hyperemisation had been induced thermal thresholds were measured and compared to those measured without any stimulation. Local @entity450 did not influence thermal thresholds significantly. Sweating only lowered cold thresholds at the thenar significantly and only slightly raised warm and @entity158 thresholds at the thenar. @entity5834 significantly lowered warm thresholds and raised @entity158 thresholds at the thenar. To conclude, the tested exogenous interferences do not disturb thermal perception markedly, especially when testing is not performed at the thenar, but at the volar wrist and when the testing-procedure and parameters are standardised.

title: Influence of XXXX , @entity9201 and local hyperemisation on "Marstock" thermotesting.

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine', 'Caffeine']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['hyperemia']

answer: @entity5834 :: (MESH:D002110,Chemical) :: ['caffeine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess the relationship between the Thrombolysis In @entity583 (TIMI) myocardial perfusion ( @entity1597 ) grade and @entity296 as well as the usefulness of @entity1597 grade in comparing two different reperfusion strategies. BACKGROUND: The angiographic index of @entity1597 grade correlates with @entity1188 size and mortality after thrombolysis for @entity583 ( @entity583 ). Its relationship to @entity296 and its usefulness in comparing different reperfusion strategies are not known. METHODS: We analyzed the @entity1597 grade on angiograms obtained at one to two weeks after treatment in 267 @entity1 enrolled in two randomized trials that compared stenting with thrombolysis in @entity583 . @entity1 were classified into two groups: 159 @entity1 with @entity1597 grade 2/3 and 108 @entity1 with @entity1597 grade 0/1. Two scintigraphic studies were performed: before and one to two weeks after reperfusion. The salvage index was calculated as the proportion of the area at risk salvaged by reperfusion. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1597 grade 2/3 had a higher salvage index (0.49 +/- 0.42 vs. 0.34 +/- 0.49, p = 0.01), a smaller final @entity1188 size (15.4 +/- 15.5% vs. 22.1 +/- 16.2% of the left ventricle, p = 0.001), and a trend toward lower one-year mortality (3.8% vs. 8.3%, p = 0.11) than @entity1 with @entity1597 grade 0/1. The relationship between @entity1597 and salvage index was independent of the form of reperfusion therapy. The proportion of @entity1 with @entity1597 grade 2/3 was significantly higher after stenting than after thrombolysis (70.9% vs. 48.1%, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: These findings show that the @entity1597 grade is a useful marker of the degree of @entity296 achieved with reperfusion and a sensitive indicator of the efficacy of reperfusion strategies in @entity1 with @entity583 .

title: Thrombolysis in XXXX myocardial perfusion grade in angiography correlates with @entity296 in @entity1 with @entity583 treated with stenting or thrombolysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial salvage']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['AMI', 'Myocardial Infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: Background: Exposure to perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) is ubiquitous in most regions of the world. The most commonly studied PFASs are @entity14911 ( @entity14912 ) and @entity2206 ( @entity2207 ). Animal studies indicate that maternal PFAS exposure is associated with reduced fetal growth. However, the results of @entity1 studies are inconsistent. Objectives: To summarize the evidence of an association between exposure to PFASs, particularly @entity14912 and @entity2207 , and @entity1 fetal growth. Methods: Systematic literature searches were performed in MEDLINE and EMBASE. We included original studies on pregnant @entity1 with measurements of @entity2207 or @entity14912 in maternal blood during pregnancy or the umbilical cord and associations with birth weight or related outcomes according to the PFAS level. Citations and references from the included articles were investigated to locate more relevant articles. Study characteristics and results were extracted to structured tables. The completeness of reporting as well as the risk of bias and confounding were assessed. Results: Fourteen studies were eligible. In utero @entity2207 exposure was associated with decreased measures of continuous birth weight in all studies, even though the magnitude of the association differed and many results were statistically insignificant. @entity14912 exposure and birth weight were associated in some studies, while others found no association. Conclusions: Higher @entity14912 and @entity2207 concentrations were associated with decreased average birth weight in most studies, but only some results were statistically significant. The impact on public health is unclear, but the global exposure to PFASs warrants further investigation.

title: Perfluoroalkyl and polyfluoroalkyl substances and XXXX fetal growth: A systematic review.

entities_list: @entity2206 :: ('MESH:C023036', 'Chemical') :: ['perfluorooctanoate']

entities_list: @entity14911 :: ('MESH:C076994', 'Chemical') :: ['perfluorooctane sulfonate']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: In pharmacotherapy of @entity148 ( @entity148 ) different psychopharmacological agents (neuroleptics, @entity42059 , antidepressants) proved to be effective. However, there is a lack of predictors of therapeutic response. The present study was designed to address this question in 30 @entity1 with treatment refractory @entity148 (12 male, 18 female). @entity3659 30 mg/d, @entity8878 1.5 mg/d, @entity46943 15 mg/d, and placebo were administered double-blind and randomly. Each agent was given 4 times for one week. To avoid carry-over effects, all treatment weeks were interrupted by one week's wash-out periods. Thus each single-case experiment comprised 31 weeks. Primary efficacy criterion was Hamilton total score at the end of each treatment week. Statistical analysis (U-test) showed that in 19 @entity1 one agent was significantly (p < 0.05) superior to the other substances ( @entity46943 n = 11, @entity8878 n = 3, @entity3659 n = 5). Placebo was not superior in any of these 30 @entity1 . There was no significant difference between the drugs in 11 @entity1 . However, metaanalysis showed that in chronic @entity148 , by means of single-case experiments, differences in efficacy between different drugs can be found (p < 0.01). ANOVA showed no drug x time interaction.

title: [Differential pharmacologic therapy of XXXX --results of a study with 30 individual case experiments].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['Amitriptyline', 'amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity148 :: ('MESH:D001008', 'Disease') :: ['GAD', 'generalized anxiety disorders']

entities_list: @entity46943 :: ('MESH:C084599', 'Chemical') :: ['clotiazepam']

entities_list: @entity42059 :: ('CHEBI:47918', 'Chemical') :: ['diazepines']

entities_list: @entity8878 :: ('MESH:D005475', 'Chemical') :: ['flupentixol']

answer: @entity148 :: (MESH:D001008,Disease) :: ['generalized anxiety disorders']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if total nutrient admixtures (TNAs) influence the rate of @entity281 in clinical practice. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized trial. SETTING: Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. @entity1 : All @entity1 were administered @entity3147 ( @entity3147 ) via a central venous catheter and received daily lipids. INTERVENTION: @entity1 were randomized as to the mode of administration of lipids. Lipids were either administered with other @entity3147 components in a TNA or were piggybacked (PB) into the @entity3147 solution. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Treatment groups were compared for the rate of occurrence of @entity281 . Infections were classified as @entity1212 or @entity295 . RESULTS: Ninety-eight @entity1 were entered into the trial. Data from 96 @entity1 (44 TNA, 52 PB) were available for analysis. Treatment groups were well matched for age, baseline albumin, days of @entity3147 , predicted basal metabolic rate, and calorie and protein requirements. TNA @entity1 received a significantly greater percentage of nonprotein calories as lipid. The incidence of @entity281 was 12.6 and 10.3 per 1000 days of @entity3147 in the TNA and PB groups, respectively (p = 0.89). The microorganisms responsible for @entity281 that developed were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Use of TNAs does not influence the rate of @entity281 in @entity1 receiving @entity3147 .

title: Effect of the mode of lipid administration on XXXX -related @entity281 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity1212 :: ('MESH:D055499', 'Disease') :: ['catheter infections']

entities_list: @entity295 :: ('MESH:D018805', 'Disease') :: ['catheter sepsis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infection and the type of infections', 'PN-related infections']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['parenteral nutrition', 'PN']

answer: @entity3147 :: (MESH:D044342,Disease) :: ['parenteral nutrition']


abstract: The properties of new and aged @entity653 -plasticized vital @entity3505 gluten films containing < or =4.5 wt % natural or @entity18874 modified @entity6638 clay were investigated. The films were cast from pH 4 or pH 11 @entity1068 /water solutions. The films, aged for < or =120 days, were characterized by tensile testing, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. In addition, water vapor permeability (11% relative humidity) and the content of volatile components were measured. The large reduction in the water vapor permeability with respect to the pristine polymer suggests that the clay platelets were evenly distributed within the films and oriented preferably with the platelet long axis parallel to the film surface. The film prepared from pH 11 solution containing natural clay was, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, almost completely exfoliated. This film was consequently also the strongest, the stiffest, and the most brittle and, together with the pH 11 film containing modified clay, it also showed the greatest decrease in water vapor permeability. The large blocking effect of the clay had no effect on the aging kinetics of the films. During aging, the pH 4 and pH 11 film strength and the pH 4 film stiffness increased and the pH 4 film ductility decreased at the same rate with or without clay. This suggests that the aging was not diffusion rate limited, that is, that the @entity393 or the migration of @entity653 or @entity653 / @entity3505 gluten phase separation was not limited by diffusion kinetics. The aging rate seemed to be determined by slow structural changes, possibly involving protein denaturation and aggregation processes.

title: Properties of aged XXXX - @entity3505 gluten composite films.

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity18874 :: ('CHEBI:35273', 'Chemical') :: ['quaternary ammonium salt']

entities_list: @entity6638 :: ('MESH:D001546', 'Chemical') :: ['montmorillonite']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['loss of volatile components']

answer: @entity6638 :: (MESH:D001546,Chemical) :: ['montmorillonite']


abstract: In ischaemic hearts, endothelin (ET) levels are increased, and vasoconstrictor responses to @entity1827 are greatly enhanced. We previously reported that @entity10932 receptors are up-regulated in the smooth muscle layer of coronary arteries after @entity296 -reperfusion and that the MEK-ERK1/2 signalling pathway is involved in @entity10932 receptor up-regulation. Whether ETs are directly involved in receptor regulation has not been determined. We suggest that @entity20929 alter the expression/activity of ET receptors in coronary vascular smooth muscle cells. Vasoconstrictor responses were studied in endothelium-denuded coronary artery segments from @entity35 that were subjected to experimental ischaemia-reperfusion or in organ-cultured segments. Post-ischaemic and cultured coronary arteries exhibited similar increased sensitivity to @entity1826 . @entity11081 receptor-mediated vasoconstriction was dominant in fresh and non-ischaemic arteries. Organ culture significantly up-regulated @entity10932 receptors and down-regulated @entity11081 receptor expression. Co-incubation with @entity1827 (1 nM) or @entity1826 (100 nM) induced further down-regulation of the @entity11081 receptor mRNA, while the function and protein level of @entity11081 remained unchanged. @entity1826 (100 nM) further up-regulated @entity10932 receptor mRNA and proteins but abolished @entity10932 receptor-mediated vasoconstriction, suggesting a desensitization of @entity10932 receptors that was not observed with @entity1826 (1 nM). In conclusion, @entity1827 , which is the most prevalent isoform in the cardiovascular system, induces down-regulation of @entity11081 receptor expression without changing @entity11081 function or protein levels. Intermediate concentrations of @entity1826 had an effect that was similar to that of @entity1827 , such that high concentrations of @entity1826 (100 nM) up-regulated the @entity10932 receptor at the gene and protein levels but switched off the function of the @entity10932 receptors via desensitization.

title: @entity1827 and XXXX Regulate Endothelin Receptor Expression in @entity35 Coronary Arteries.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial ischaemia']

answer: @entity1826 :: (366270(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['Endothelin-3']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study is to confirm that karyometric evaluations of the seminal tubule cells in @entity1 with @entity3893 indicate stimulating influence of the Leydig cell and @entity251 on the functions of Sertoli cells, whereas serum LH concentration may in fact lead to regressive changes in the wall of the seminal tubule. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Material consists of 75 @entity1 with @entity3893 and @entity6660 . In all @entity1 surgical biopsy of the testes was done, prior to an assessment of serum LH and @entity251 levels. In histopathology, sperminal epithelium, basal membrane, myoid cells of the tubular wall and interstitial cells have been examined. Karyometry in Sertoli cells, spermatogonia and myoid cells was performed. Also, the thickness of the tubular wall was assessed quantitatively. RESULTS: The size of Sertoli cells nuclei was significantly bigger in @entity6660 associated with @entity1373 of Leydig cells than in @entity6660 alone (p = 0.01). Regression analysis revealed positive correlations between serum @entity251 and the size of Sertoli cells nuclei (p = 0.02), between the size of Sertoli cell nuclei and of spermatogonia and between nuclear size of myoid cells and spermatogonia (p = 0.0001). Serum LH correlated positively with the thickness of tubular wall (p = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1373 and @entity251 stimulate the functions of Sertoli cells whereas Sertoli cells activate spermatogonia. The Sertoli cell function is positively interrelated with the function of myoid cells. There is a close interrelationship between LH and the thickness of tubular wall, which may suggest that hippersecretion of LH causes the enlarged thickness of tubular wall, observed in hipergonadotropizm.

title: [Karyometric evaluations of the seminal tubule cells in @entity1 with XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['Leydig cell hyperplasia', 'hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity6660 :: ('MESH:D009845', 'Disease') :: ['hypospermatogenesis']

entities_list: @entity3893 :: ('MESH:D053713', 'Disease') :: ['azoospermia']

answer: @entity3893 :: (MESH:D053713,Disease) :: ['azoospermia']


abstract: @entity85 ( @entity85 ) are a leading cause of work-related disability and loss of productivity in the developed countries; these disorders may concur with the indirect costs of an illness or injury included losses of potential output. Literature on workplace physical activity program provided a mixed but positive impact on health and important worksite outcomes. Therefore, programs of physical activity organized and performed in the workplace could reveal as essential tool to reduce musculoskeletal symptoms. This investigation aimed to assess the effectiveness of a tailored physical activity program, performed in a work-environment, to reduce the symptoms in @entity2045 and neck with the novelty in personalizing the approach applied to the exercise protocol, basing on @entity158 and disability levels, to reduce the onset and symptoms in @entity85 increasing upper-limb strength and flexibility. 68 metalworkers were recruited, 34 were randomly allocated to an intervention group (IG), while the other 34 to a control group. Primary outcomes concerned @entity158 symptoms measured with visual analog scales while disability was measured by DASH (Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand), and NPDS-I (Neck @entity158 and Disability Scale) questionnaires. Grip strength, upper-limb mobility, neck and shoulder range of motion were also assessed. After the 9-month intervention, IG reduced @entity158 symptoms on neck, shoulders, elbows and on wrists. Grip strength and upper-limb mobility improved as well as scores on questionnaires. This protocol suggests that performing a tailored physical activity program is beneficial to reduce @entity158 and disability on @entity85 .

title: Tailored exercise program reduces symptoms of XXXX in a group of metalworkers: A randomized controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity2045 :: ('MESH:D009207', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremities']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity and neck WRMDs', 'WRMDs', 'upper-limb WRMDs', 'Work-related musculoskeletal disorders']

answer: @entity85 :: (MESH:D009140,Disease) :: ['upper limb work-related musculoskeletal disorders']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This is an updated version of the original Cochrane review first published in Issue 4, 2009. There is an ongoing debate about the indications for, and value of, adjuvant pelvic radiotherapy after radical surgery in @entity1 with @entity5 . Certain combinations of pathological risk factors are thought to represent sufficient risk for recurrence, that they justify the use of postoperative pelvic radiotherapy, though this has never been shown to improve overall survival, and use of more than one type of treatment (surgery and radiotherapy) increases the risks of side effects and complications. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of adjuvant therapies (radiotherapy, chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, chemoradiation) after radical hysterectomy for @entity5 (FIGO stages @entity3846 , @entity3847 or IIA). SEARCH METHODS: For the original review, we searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Issue 4, 2008. The Cochrane Gynaecological Cancer Group Trials Register, MEDLINE (January 1950 to November 2008), EMBASE (1950 to November 2008). We also searched registers of clinical trials, abstracts of scientific meetings, reference lists of included studies and contacted experts in the field. For this update, we extended the database searches to September 2011 and searched the MetaRegister for ongoing trials. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that compared adjuvant therapies (radiotherapy, chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy, or chemoradiation) with no radiotherapy or chemoradiation, in @entity1 with a confirmed histological diagnosis of @entity5 who had undergone radical hysterectomy and dissection of the pelvic lymph nodes. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two review authors independently abstracted data and assessed risk of bias. Information on grade 3 and 4 adverse events was collected from the trials. Results were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. MAIN RESULTS: Two RCTs, which compared adjuvant radiotherapy with no adjuvant radiotherapy, met the inclusion criteria; they randomised and assessed 397 @entity1 with @entity5 . Meta-analysis of these two RCTs indicated no significant difference in survival at 5 years between @entity1 who received radiation and those who received no further treatment (risk ratio (RR) = 0.8; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.3 to 2.4). However, @entity1 who received radiation had a significantly lower risk of disease progression at 5 years (RR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4 to 0.9).Although the risk of serious adverse events was consistently higher if @entity1 received radiotherapy rather than no further treatment, these increased risks were not statistically significant, probably because the rate of adverse events was low. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: We found evidence, of moderate quality, that radiation decreases the risk of disease progression compared with no further treatment, but little evidence that it might improve overall survival, in @entity5 . The evidence on serious adverse events was equivocal.

title: Radiotherapy and chemoradiation after surgery for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage IB cervical cancer', 'early-stage cervical cancer', 'early cervical cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['early cervical cancer']


abstract: AIM: While the mechanism in the pathogenesis of @entity6 is unclear, @entity3650 reductase has been implicated in @entity2687 . The effects of an oral @entity3650 reductase inhibitor ( @entity10916 ) on the ocular surface of @entity6 @entity1 after @entity231 surgery were studied. METHODS: This clinical trial was designed to be randomised, double blinded, and placebo controlled. Pseudophakic @entity1 with @entity6 were randomly assigned to treatment with either oral @entity10916 ( @entity59298 ) (n=12) or placebo (n=9) for 12 weeks. The vital staining of the ocular surface, tear production and clearance, break up time in tears (BUT), @entity1109 , and symptom score before treatments were examined as well as 4, 8, 12 weeks after the administration. Specular microscopic evaluation was also performed. RESULTS: After a 12 week period of oral @entity10916 administration, @entity941 staining scores (from 2.04 (SD 1.12) to 1.46 (1.18); p=0.016), conjunctival sensation (from 1.15 (0.37) to 1.36 (0.31); p=0.0006), and symptom scores (from 5.38 (1.932) to 4.00 (2.07); p=0.0002) recovered significantly. @entity941 staining of oral @entity10916 administration also decreased compared with placebo (p=0.017). Rose bengal staining, tear clearance, and corneal sensation were improved although this increase was minor. Tear production, BUT, and specular microscopic evaluation of the corneal epithelium and endothelium did not demonstrate a significant change. CONCLUSION: Oral @entity10916 opposes the ocular surface changes caused by @entity6 , by recovery of ocular surface sensitivity as demonstrated through an improvement in vital staining.

title: Improvement of corneal @entity941 staining in post @entity231 surgery of XXXX @entity1 by an oral @entity3650 reductase inhibitor, @entity59298 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes', 'diabetic corneal disease']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['corneal and conjunctival sensation']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal disease']

entities_list: @entity941 :: ('MESH:D019793', 'Chemical') :: ['Fluorescein', 'fluorescein']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetic']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Age- and sex-specific 3D bone structure patterns in @entity1 radii and tibiae were investigated with respect to individuals' osteodensitometric status to unravel associations with site-specific @entity174 occurrences and underlying loading patterns. METHODS: A sample of 385 @entity1 (121 @entity1 and 264 @entity1 , age range: 23-91 years) were investigated. The @entity1 were classified according to dual X-ray absorptiometry T-scores in three groups: control (n = 60), @entity2331 (n = 160), and @entity170 (n = 165). Bone architecture and geometry were assessed by high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography of the cortical and trabecular compartments in distal radii and tibiae. RESULTS: We found site-dependent age- and sex-related trends regarding bone architecture and geometry. Females displayed more pronounced age-related changes than males. Specifically, female radii showed both cortical and trabecular structural deterioration with aging, whereas the tibiae demonstrated exclusively @entity5122 . The mean cortical perimeter revealed a significant age-related increase for both sexes even after adjusting for body height and weight, which suggests that periosteal expansion can be observed in both the tibia and also in the radius. @entity2331 and @entity170 cases did not reveal higher cortical perimeters in comparison to controls. CONCLUSIONS: The tomographic assessment of bone structure further clarifies the architectural basis for @entity79 at distal radii and tibiae with advanced age leading to @entity174 predilection in females. Our findings may represent a morphological link to epidemiological data on age-dependent @entity174 incidences. Our data support the presence of periosteal apposition at both skeletal sites despite different loading magnitudes, and challenges the view on periosteal expansion just as a compensatory mechanism to counterbalance @entity604 .

title: Age- and Sex-Specific Bone Structure Patterns Portend XXXX in Radii and Tibiae in Relation to Osteodensitometry: A High-Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography Study in 385 Individuals.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity5122 :: ('MESH:C565430', 'Disease') :: ['cortical deterioration']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['increased bone fragility']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia', 'Osteopenia']

answer: @entity79 :: (MESH:D001847,Disease) :: ['Bone Fragility']


abstract: PURPOSE: We discuss the incidence and diagnosis of @entity547 in association with continent urinary reservoirs. We also present a surgical technique appropriate for correction of this complication. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated 21 @entity1 with @entity547 after construction of a continent urinary reservoir. The hernia developed secondary to diversion with an ileocecal segment in 19 @entity1 and a Kock procedure in 2. Subsequent to development of the @entity547 @entity1 (61.9%) had simultaneous @entity322 , 2 (9.5%) had difficulty catheterizing the reservoir and 4 (19.047%) had associated @entity158 over the stomal area. Evaluation was primarily by physical examination. However, 2 @entity1 (9.5%) required abdominal computerized tomography to confirm the diagnosis of @entity547 . Surgical repair was recommended for all @entity1 , and 19 underwent repair with or without revision of the anti- @entity322 segment. Reconstruction included transabdominal takedown of the anti- @entity322 segment from the abdominal wall with @entity547 through a midline incision, external reinforcement of the @entity547 with Marlex mesh when the diameter exceeded 6 cm., revision of the anti- @entity322 mechanism when simultaneous @entity322 existed preoperatively and repositioning of the stoma site through a new selected area in the abdominal wall. RESULTS: The success rate (mean followup 23.4 months) with this surgical approach was 89.5%. Incontinence due to failure of the anti- @entity322 mechanism was successfully corrected in 13 @entity1 (100%). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term followup of continent urinary reservoirs is often associated with development of @entity547 . This complication can be associated with @entity322 , @entity158 and difficult catheterization. Evaluation is primarily by physical examination but selected clinical situations require abdominal computerized tomography to confirm the diagnosis. The surgical technique following the steps described has been associated with minimal morbidity and has provided excellent surgical results (89.5% success rate).

title: Evaluation and management of XXXX in association with continent urinary diversion.

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'incontinence']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['peristomal pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity547 :: ('MESH:D006547', 'Disease') :: ['parastomal hernia closure', 'parastomal hernias', 'hernia opening', 'parastomal hernia', 'parastomal hernia 13']

answer: @entity547 :: (MESH:D006547,Disease) :: ['parastomal hernia']


abstract: The aim of this work was to investigate the variations of milk @entity844 (FA) composition because of changing paddocks in two different rotational grazing systems. A total of nine Holstein and nine Montb  liarde @entity291 were divided into two equivalent groups according to milk yield, fat and protein contents and calving date, and were allocated to the following two grazing systems: a @entity1162 ( @entity1162 ; 17 days) of paddock utilisation on a heterogeneous pasture and a @entity7978 ( @entity7978 ) of paddock utilisation (7 to 10 days) on a more intensively managed pasture. The @entity7978 @entity291 were supplemented with 4 kg of concentrate/ @entity291 per day. Grazing selection was characterised through direct observations and simulated bites, collected at the beginning and at the end of the utilisation of two subsequent @entity7978 paddocks, and at the same dates for the @entity1162 system. Individual milks were sampled the first 3 days and the last 2 days of grazing on each @entity7978 paddock, and simultaneously also for the @entity1162 system. Changes in milk FA composition at the beginning of each paddock utilisation were highly affected by the herbage characteristics. Abrupt changes in @entity7978 milk FA composition were observed 1 day after the @entity291 were moved to a new paddock. The @entity7978 @entity291 grazed by layers from the bottom layers of the previous paddock to the top layers of the subsequent new paddock, resulting in bites with high @entity62 ( @entity62 ) value and CP content and a low fibre content at the beginning of each paddock utilisation. These changes could induce significant day-to-day variations of the milk FA composition. The milk fat proportions of 16:0, saturated FA and branched-chain FA decreased, whereas proportions of de novo-synthesised FA, 18:0, c9-18:1 and 18:2n-6 increased at paddock change. During @entity1162 plot utilisation, the heterogeneity of the vegetation allowed the @entity291 to select vegetative patches with higher proportion of leaves, CP content, @entity62 value and the lowest fibre content. These small changes in CP, NDF and @entity48013 contents of @entity1162 herbage and in @entity62 values, from the beginning to the end of the experiment, could minimally modify the ruminal ecosystem, production of precursors of de novo-synthesised FA and ruminal biohydrogenation, and could induce only small day-to-day variations in the milk FA composition.

title: Frequent moving of grazing dairy XXXX to new paddocks increases the variability of milk @entity844 composition.

entities_list: @entity844 :: ('CHEBI:35366', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acid']

entities_list: @entity7978 :: ('MESH:C536038', 'Disease') :: ['medium duration', 'MD']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['LD', 'long duration']

entities_list: @entity62 :: ('MESH:D056784', 'Disease') :: ['organic matter digestibility', 'OMD']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['cows']


abstract: Peritoneal @entity3 is the most frequent cause of @entity204 in @entity1 with @entity356 . Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay of peritoneal washes has been used to predict peritoneal @entity3 of @entity356 . We applied carcinoembryonic antigen ( @entity787 ) and @entity320 -associated gene (MAGE) RT-PCR for the detection of peritoneal @entity3 of @entity356 after curative surgery and evaluated its clinical significance. Peritoneal washes were obtained from 117 @entity1 with @entity356 . @entity6472 -A6 and @entity787 RT-PCR were performed, and the results were evaluated according to their clinicopathologic characteristics. Three-year follow-up clinical studies were periodically performed, and disease-free survival rates were retrospectively investigated using the medical records. Among 117 peritoneal fluids, 11 cases (9.4%) revealed MAGE expression and 38 cases (32.5%) revealed @entity787 expression. When focusing on recurrence rates, RT-PCR-positive had much higher recurrence rates than RT-PCR-negative cases (32.5% vs 5.2%, P   <   0.01). Univariate analysis revealed that depth of invasion, lymph node @entity3 , @entity5 node @entity3 (TNM) stage, Lauren classification, and MAGE and @entity787 expressions were independent prognostic factors for recurrence. In a multivariate analysis, MAGE expression and TNM stage were significantly and independently related to recurrence in @entity1 who underwent curative resection. MAGE expression was determined to be the most important prognostic factor for recurrence (hazard ratio: 12.487, P   <   0.01). It is feasible to identify free @entity5 cells in peritoneal lavage by using a @entity6472 -A6 and @entity787 RT-PCR. MAGE RT-PCR results disclosed significant associations with peritoneal recurrence and proved to be the most important factor for the recurrence rate in @entity1 with @entity356 who had undergone radical resection.

title: Prognostic value of genetic detection using XXXX and MAGE in peritoneal washes with @entity356 after curative resection: result of a 3-year follow-up.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric carcinoma']

answer: @entity787 :: (1084,Gene) :: ['CEA']


abstract: @entity1 with @entity5880 have a high mortality rate. The standard surgical approach can be exceptionally difficult and fraught with complications. There has been reluctance to insert an endograft into an infected field. We believe that this thought should be challenged and present a case of a successful endovascular repair of a ruptured, mycotic @entity1028 . The @entity1 is a 63-year-old @entity1 with severe medical comorbidities and @entity3256 -sensitive @entity794 . He required 6 units of red blood cells on admission. Magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) showed a contained @entity397 of his distal abdominal aorta, and he underwent emergent endovascular repair. An aortomono-iliac device (12 mm x 10 cm iliac extension limb) was inserted along with coil embolization of his right common iliac artery and a femoral-femoral bypass. He did not require additional transfusions after the procedure and was discharged in @entity558 . He is on antibiotics and doing well 1 year post-op. Endovascular management of ruptured, @entity5880 is feasible. In fact, it is an attractive approach for a medically compromised @entity1 subset that would carry an exceptionally high mortality rate with traditional surgical repair. Further follow-up is necessary to determine its long-term efficacy.

title: Endovascular management of ruptured, mycotic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity5880 :: ('MESH:D000785', 'Disease') :: ['mycotic aneurysms']

entities_list: @entity3256 :: ('MESH:D008712', 'Chemical') :: ['methicillin']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['good condition']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity1028 :: ('MESH:D017544', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']

answer: @entity1028 :: (MESH:D017544,Disease) :: ['abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: Despite the increased popularity of emerging therapies for @entity263 , such as cryotherapy and brachytherapy, outcomes data remains sparse beyond single-centre comparative studies. The present study identified that although less costly, cryotherapy was associated with more urinary and @entity323 complications and a greater need for salvage ADT. Conversely, cryotherapy was associated with fewer @entity29 . @entity1 and providers alike should consider these population-based outcomes when discussing therapeutic options for @entity263 . OBJECTIVE: To compare prostate cryotherapy vs brachytherapy outcomes and costs, as despite the greater popularity of these emerging therapies for @entity263 , outcomes data remains sparse beyond single-centre comparative studies. @entity1 AND METHODS: Observational study of 10 928 @entity1 who underwent primary cryotherapy (943 @entity1 ) or brachytherapy (9985) with >= 2 years of follow-up using USA Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER-) Medicare linked data. Weighted propensity score methods were used. RESULTS: Use of cryotherapy increased four-fold whereas brachytherapy utilization remained the same from 2001 to 2005 (P < 0.001). @entity1 who underwent cryotherapy vs brachytherapy were older (P < 0.001), more likely to be Black (P < 0.001), less likely to live in areas of higher education (P < 0.001), less likely to live in areas with greater income (P < 0.001), and were more likely to live in urban vs rural areas (P = 0.007). In propensity score-weighted analyses, cryotherapy was associated with more urinary (41.4% vs 22.2%, P < 0.001) and @entity323 ( @entity323 ) complications (34.7% vs 21.0%, P < 0.001) while brachytherapy was associated with more @entity29 (19.0% vs 12.1%, P < 0.001). Cryotherapy was associated with greater use of salvage @entity342 deprivation therapy (ADT; 1.4 vs 0.5 per 100 @entity1 -years, P < 0.001), suggesting worse @entity5 control. Finally costs were significantly greater for brachytherapy vs cryotherapy ( 16 887 vs  12 629 USA dollars, P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Although less costly, cryotherapy was associated with more urinary and @entity323 complications and greater need for salvage ADT. Conversely, cryotherapy was associated with fewer @entity29 . @entity1 and providers alike should consider these population-based outcomes when discussing therapeutic options for @entity263 .

title: Comparative effectiveness of cryotherapy vs brachytherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'Men', 'person']

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['erectile dysfunction', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['localised prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['bowel complications']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['localised prostate cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: We examined the dorsal lingual surfaces of an adult @entity62130 ( @entity62130 ) by scanning electron microscopy. Filiform, @entity1829 were observed. The filiform papillae of the lingual apex consisted of a larger main papilla and smaller secondary papillae. The connective tissue core of the filiform papilla was U-shaped. The @entity1829 were round in shape. The connective tissue core of the @entity1829 was flower-bud shaped. The filiform papillae of the lingual body consisted of a main papilla and were big as compared to that of the lingual apex. The connective tissue core of the filiform papilla resembled that of the lingual apes. The lenticular papillae of large size were limited on the lingual prominence. The connective tissue core of the @entity2360 consisted of numerous small spines. The vallate papillae were located on both sides of the posterolateral aspects. The vallate papillae were flattened-oval shaped and the papillae were surrounded by a semicircular trench. The connective tissue core of the @entity1829 was covered with numerous small spines. The lingual surface of the @entity62130 closely resembled that of the family Bovidae.

title: Morphology of the lingual papillae of the XXXX ( @entity62130 ).

entities_list: @entity62130 :: ('9945', 'Species') :: ['eland', 'Taurotragus oryx']

entities_list: @entity1829 :: ('MESH:D010211', 'Disease') :: ['fungiform and vallate papillae', 'fungiform papillae', 'vallate papilla', 'fungiform papilla']

entities_list: @entity2360 :: ('MESH:D006527', 'Disease') :: ['lenticular papilla']

answer: @entity62130 :: (9945,Species) :: ['eland']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Purinergic signaling has been implicated in the regulation of many cellular processes. A high concentration of @entity855 has been observed in the @entity5 microenvironment, suggesting a possible role of extracellular @entity855 in @entity5 progression. The @entity9896 , which belongs to the ligand-gated ion channel receptor family, is involved in @entity5 development and @entity3 . In the present study, we found that extracellular @entity855 stimulated the invasion and migration of @entity1 T47D @entity0 cells, in a dose-dependent manner. @entity22657 ( @entity855 analogue), but not @entity857 , also promoted invasion and migration. We further found that the @entity9896 was highly expressed in the T47D cells. After knockdown of the @entity9896 , @entity855 -stimulated invasion and migration were markedly inhibited. Moreover, activation of the @entity9896 by @entity855 downregulated the protein level of @entity5962 and upregulated the production of @entity1550 . In addition, @entity855 time-dependently induced the activation of @entity584 via the @entity9896 , and the @entity584 pathway was required for the @entity855 -mediated invasion and migration. Taken together, our results revealed that activation of the @entity9896 by @entity855 promotes @entity0 cell invasion and migration, possibly via activation of the @entity584 pathway and regulation of @entity5962 and @entity1550 expression. Therefore, the @entity9896 may be a useful therapeutic target for the treatment of @entity0 .

title: @entity9896 stimulates @entity0 cell invasion and migration via the XXXX pathway.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity584 :: (207,Gene) :: ['AKT']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity409 associated with @entity6 is common and usually takes the form of @entity1560 or @entity1561 . After observing a noncirrhotic form of @entity1575 in @entity1 with @entity6 who underwent liver biopsy, we set about to characterize this novel entity. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cases with the hallmark histologic findings were gathered at Saint Louis University School of Medicine and the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology. @entity1 : The clinical records were examined in a systematic fashion. Results of light microscopy and prepared immunohistochemical stains were reviewed. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical findings of @entity1 with the histologic, detailed light microscopic, and immunohistochemical findings on biopsies. RESULTS: Twelve @entity1 were identified from biopsy findings; all had a history of @entity6 and a noncirrhotic form of @entity1575 not associated with @entity1561 . Most of these @entity1 had a body mass index less than 25 kg/m2 and had substantial evidence of @entity532 , including @entity989 , @entity8 , and @entity1897 . Alkaline phosphatase elevation was common. Liver biopsy specimens showed extensive dense perisinusoidal @entity82 , and immunostaining revealed basement membrane components in a perisinusoidal distribution. Features of @entity1561 were not present in the biopsy specimens. CONCLUSIONS: We propose the term @entity6 for this entity and suggest that it represents a form of @entity532 affecting the liver. Further studies are needed to precisely characterize @entity6 and to understand mechanisms of pathogenesis and the clinical significance.

title: XXXX : @entity532 of the liver.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['nephropathy']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity1560 :: ('MESH:D005234', 'Disease') :: ['simple steatosis']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['long-standing diabetes mellitus', 'diabetes mellitus', 'diabetic hepatosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['Liver disease']

entities_list: @entity532 :: ('MESH:D003925', 'Disease') :: ['microvascular complications', 'diabetic microangiopathy']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral and autonomic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1561 :: ('MESH:D065626', 'Disease') :: ['nonalcoholic steatohepatitis']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['hepatic sinusoidal fibrosis']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['Diabetic hepatosclerosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the influencing factors related to outcome of @entity1 with @entity201 . METHODS: From January 1999 to January 2009, 204 cases of @entity201 undergoing surgery were analyzed retrospectively. @entity1535 -Corlette classification showed type I in 18 @entity1 , type II in 40, type IIIa in 65, type IIIb in 54, type IV in 27. Survival analysis was performed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the relationship between each of the clinicopathologic variables and survival was assessed by the log-rank test. Multivatiate results were confirmed using Cox regression. RESULTS: Radical resection was accomplished in 161 of 204 @entity1 (78.9%). Radical resection offered the best chance of long-term survival, with the 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rate were 62.6%, 42.4%, 23.7%, respectively. Univariate analysis showed that lymph node @entity3 , surgical margin, operative procedure and @entity5 differentiation were prognostic impacts. The difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Cox multivariate analysis showed that lymph node @entity3 and surgical margin are two separate prognostic factors. CONCLUSION: Racical resection is the key to improve the long-term survival rate of @entity201 and a favorable outcome after resection is mainly determined by curative resection and the absence of lymph node @entity3 .

title: Surgical procedure and long-term survival of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['hilar cholangiocarcinoma']

answer: @entity201 :: (MESH:D018281,Disease) :: ['hilar cholangiocarcinoma']


abstract: Background. @entity1 with @entity3949 have significant risk of chronic @entity1066 . Insufficient nerve-derived mediators such as substance @entity10133 ) may contribute to the impaired response to injury. Mutant @entity6 @entity19 (db/db), which develop @entity16 and have @entity245 , may provide a model to study the role of nerves in @entity130 .Methods. Skin from @entity1 chronic nonhealing @entity1066 and age-matched control skin was immunohistochemically evaluated for nerves. Nerve counts were also compared in @entity19 @entity6 (C57BL/KsJ-m+/+ Lepr(db); db/db) and nondiabetic (db/-) skin. Excisional wounds on the backs of db/db and db/- @entity19 were grouped as: (a) untreated db/- @entity19 ; (b) untreated db/db @entity19 ; (c) db/db @entity19 with @entity968 ( @entity970 ); (d) db/db @entity19 with @entity970 and SP 10(-9) M; or (e) db/db @entity19 with @entity970 and SP 10(-6) M.Results. We demonstrated fewer nerves in the epidermis and papillary dermis of skin from @entity1 subjects with @entity6 . Likewise, db/db @entity19 skin had significantly fewer epidermal nerves than nondiabetic littermates. We confirmed increased healing times in db/db @entity19 (51.7 days) compared to db/- littermates (19.8 days; P </= 0.001). SP 10(-6) M (44 days; P = 0.02) and SP 10(-9) M (45 days; P = 0.03) shortened time to closure compared to @entity970 treatment alone (68 days). Since there was no difference in the percentage contraction in these treatment groups, SP may favorably promote wound epithelization.Conclusions. Our data support the use of db/db @entity19 excisional wounds to evaluate the role of nerves in healing. We have demonstrated that exogenous SP improves wound healing kinetics in an animal model.

title: Diminished neuropeptide levels contribute to the impaired cutaneous healing response associated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['delayed healing']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity968 :: ('MESH:D011092', 'Chemical') :: ['polyethylene glycol']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['cutaneous injury']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes mellitus']


abstract: @entity1327 is a @entity1 fungal pathogen that exists as three distinct varieties or sibling species: the predominantly opportunistic pathogens @entity1327 . neoformans (serotype D) and @entity11937 (serotype A) and the primary pathogen @entity14851 (serotypes B and C). While serotypes A and D are cosmopolitan, serotypes B and C are typically restricted to tropical regions. However, serotype B isolates of @entity14851 have recently caused an outbreak on Vancouver Island in Canada, highlighting the threat of this fungus and its capacity to infect immunocompetent individuals. Here we report a large-scale analysis of the mating abilities of serotype B and C isolates from diverse sources and identify unusual strains that mate robustly and are suitable for further genetic analysis. Unlike most isolates, which are of both the a and alpha mating types but are predominantly sterile, the majority of the Vancouver outbreak strains are exclusively of the alpha mating type and the majority are fertile. In an effort to enhance mating of these isolates, we identified and disrupted the CRG1 gene encoding the GTPase-activating protein involved in attenuating @entity5681 response. crg1 mutations dramatically increased mating efficiency and enabled mating with otherwise sterile isolates. Our studies provide a genetic and molecular foundation for further studies of this primary pathogen and reveal that the Vancouver Island outbreak may be attributable to a recent recombination event.

title: Recapitulation of the sexual cycle of the primary fungal pathogen XXXX : implications for an outbreak on Vancouver Island, Canada.

entities_list: @entity1327 :: ('5207', 'Species') :: ['C. neoformans var', 'Cryptococcus neoformans']

entities_list: @entity11937 :: ('178876', 'Species') :: ['C. neoformans var. grubii']

entities_list: @entity14851 :: ('552467', 'Species') :: ['C. neoformans var. gattii']

entities_list: @entity5681 :: ('CHEBI:26013', 'Chemical') :: ['pheromone']

answer: @entity14851 :: (552467,Species) :: ['Cryptococcus neoformans var. gattii']


abstract: The presence of perceptual sensitization and related brain responses was examined in 14 @entity1643 ( @entity1643 ) @entity1 and 13 healthy controls comparable in age and sex. Multichannel EEG recordings and @entity158 ratings were obtained during the presentation of 800 painful electrical intramuscular and intracutaneous stimuli each to the left m. erector spinae and the left m. extensor digitorum. Perception and @entity158 thresholds were not significantly different between the two groups, though @entity1 showed significantly more perceptual sensitization. Across all stimulation conditions, a larger EEG component 80 milliseconds after stimulation was observed in the @entity1643 group. No significant group differences were found for the N150. The component 260 milliseconds after stimulus onset was significantly smaller in the @entity1643 group. N80, N150, and perceptual sensitization were significantly positively correlated. These results indicate enhanced perceptual sensitization and enhanced processing of the sensory-discriminative aspect of @entity158 , as expressed in the N80 component, in @entity1643 @entity1 . This may be one neurophysiologic basis of sensitization and the chronicity process. The lower P260 component in the @entity1 may be explained in terms of @entity158 inhibiting phasic @entity158 or may be related to the affective distress observed in this @entity1 group.

title: Central processing of acute muscle pain in @entity1643 XXXX : an EEG mapping study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1643 :: ('MESH:D017116', 'Disease') :: ['chronic low back pain', 'CLBP']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['tonic pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Surgical cure of an anomaly of the oesocardial junction was performed 170 times in 172 @entity1 (conversion rate 1.1%). Surgery was indication mainly due to complications of @entity354 alone (32 cases) or associated with @entity357 . The Nissen Rosetti procedure was performed, usually with staple suture (excepting the pillars). A semi-Nissen was performed in 17 cases. There were two major @entity260 (1.1%) due to @entity39 perforation of the lower oesophagus or the greater curvature. Both cases required reoperation on the second and eighth day postoperatively. The postoperative period was uneventful in all the other cases and the mean hospital stay was 4 days. Follow-up examinations included a gastroduodenal contrast study the day after the operation, a fibroscopy at discharge and clinical examination at consultation 7 days later. Later follow-up examinations on day 30 and 90 were completed with a questionnaire or another consultation one year later. Radiography, fibroscopy or pH metry were ordered only for symptomatic @entity1 . Poor functional outcome was observed in two cases with recurrent reflux and in five cases in which spiral procedures were used. Five second laparoscopic operations were successful. Almost all @entity1 had @entity1282 after the operation and in 17 cases @entity384 was required during the first month after surgery. Persistent @entity1282 required the use of a candle twice in one @entity1 . @entity1282 also persisted in one @entity1 with impaired oesophageal motricity. Good and excellent results accounted for 84% of the @entity1 at one year.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Laparoscopic surgery in the treatment of XXXX and @entity354 . Apropos of 172 cases].

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['balloon dilatation']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatal hernia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastro-oesophageal reflux']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['Dysphagia', 'dysphagia']

answer: @entity357 :: (MESH:D006551,Disease) :: ['hiatal hernia']


abstract: @entity5 is an uncommon @entity5 and of the estimated 7,920 new cases diagnosed in 2013, 370 will result in @entity204 . It is most common in young or middle-aged males and rarely occurs in older males. Ninety-five percent of these @entity5 originate in sperm-producing germ cells. There are two different subclasses of @entity5 , namely nonseminoma and @entity4797 . Nonseminoma @entity5 , such as @entity189 , yolk sac @entity189 , @entity1466 , and @entity44 usually affect younger-aged males, whereas @entity5 often occur in older males. It is unclear why @entity5 is rare in older @entity1 , but because it is so unusual in older @entity1 , the diagnosis is frequently overlooked when presenting with signs suggestive of @entity189 . A 75-year-old male recently presented with signs and symptoms classically descriptive of @entity5 . The @entity1 was treated with an orchiectomy. The pathologic evaluation of the excised testicle confirmed the diagnosis of a @entity4797 . This report is an account of the case from initial visit to treatment and a discussion of its relevance.

title: @entity4797 in a 75-year-old XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['seminoma testicular cancers', 'testicular cancers', 'cancers', 'testicular cancer', 'cancer', 'Testicular cancer']

entities_list: @entity1466 :: ('MESH:D002822', 'Disease') :: ['choriocarcinomas']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['testicular carcinoma', 'embryonal carcinomas', 'carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratomas']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Whole lung lavage is the most effective method to treat @entity5970 ( @entity5970 ), and most potential complications occur often during the lavage process, but few happen after lavage. Theoretically, @entity3126 would be more common after whole lung lavage. However, no such case was reported in the literature. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 47-year-old Chinese male @entity1 with @entity5970 was referred to our hospital for whole lung lavage treatment. Although the clinical manifestations of @entity5970 were improved, high fever was happened and multi-nodular consolidations in chest CT scan were occurred after whole lung lavage. @entity358 was suspected, but the @entity1 was not treated with antibiotics immediately. After therapies like liquid limitation, glucocorticoid administration and diuretic treatment, the @entity1 was improved gradually. Namely, newly nodular consolidations were almost completely absorbed in three days, along with the complete recovery of body temperature and associated inflammatory biomarkers. The diagnosis of secondary infection was excluded, and the final diagnosis of lavage fluid-induced @entity3126 was confirmed. DISCUSSION AND EVALUATION: No such case has been reported that lavage fluid-induced @entity3126 is manifested by high fever and multi-consolidations in chest CT scan, which is similar to the secondary infection. CONCLUSIONS: For the first time, we described a rare complication of lavage fluid-induced @entity3126 after whole lung lavage. As the obvious differences in treatments, it is very important for physicians to differentiate it from secondary infection.

title: High fever and multi-nodular lung consolidations after whole lung lavage in a @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['Secondary lung infection']

entities_list: @entity5970 :: ('MESH:D011649', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary alveolar proteinosis', 'PAP']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

answer: @entity5970 :: (MESH:D011649,Disease) :: ['pulmonary alveolar proteinosis']


abstract: Leukocyte infiltration of reperfused tissue is a key event in the pathogenesis of @entity63 -reperfusion. However, the role of chemokine receptors @entity25880 , @entity13766 , and @entity13945 for each single step of the postischemic recruitment process of leukocytes has not yet been characterized. Leukocyte rolling, firm adherence, transendothelial, and extravascular migration were analyzed in the cremaster muscle of anaesthetized C57BL/6 @entity19 using near-infrared reflected light oblique transillumination microscopy. Prior to 30 min of @entity63 as well as at 5, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min after onset of reperfusion, migration parameters were determined in wild-type, @entity25880 -/-, @entity13766 -/-, and @entity13945 -/- @entity19 . Sham-operated wild-type @entity19 without @entity63 were used as controls. No differences were detected in numbers of rolling leukocytes among groups. In contrast, the number of firmly adherent leukocytes was increased significantly in wild-type @entity19 as compared with sham-operated @entity19 throughout the entire reperfusion phase. Already after 5 min of reperfusion, this increase was reduced significantly in @entity25880 -/- and @entity13945 -/- @entity19 , whereas only in @entity13766 -/- @entity19 , was adherence attenuated significantly at 120 min after onset of reperfusion. Furthermore, after 120 min of reperfusion, the number of transmigrated leukocytes (>80% @entity17775 + neutrophils) was elevated in wild-type @entity19 as compared with sham-operated animals. This elevation was significantly lower in @entity25880 -/-, @entity13766 -/-, and @entity13945 -/- @entity19 . Leukocyte extravascular migration distances were comparable among groups. In conclusion, these in vivo data demonstrate that @entity25880 , @entity13766 , and @entity13945 mediate the postischemic recruitment of neutrophils through effects on intravascular adherence and subsequent transmigration.

title: Chemokine receptors XXXX , @entity13766 , and @entity13945 mediate neutrophil migration to postischemic tissue.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

answer: @entity25880 :: (12768(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Ccr1']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To study the progression of @entity393 ( @entity393 ) and audiological features in @entity1 with the mitochondrial A to G mutation in the @entity3915 ) gene at position 3,243 associated with @entity27157 . DESIGN: Retrospective phenotype genotype family study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. @entity1 : Six adult family members with the mitochondrial @entity3915 ) gene mutation at location 3,243. Data were obtained on medical history, otological examination, and pure tone and speech audiometry. Peripheral leukocytes were analyzed for the presence of the mutation, and heteroplasmy levels were determined. Selected @entity1 underwent vestibular testing, brainstem-evoked response audiometry and neurological examination. RESULTS: One @entity1 showed relatively normal hearing, whereas in the others, @entity393 had started at 27 to 79 years of age. All the @entity1 showed progression in @entity393 of approximately 1.4 dB/yr on average at 0.25 and 8 kHz. In the frequency range 0.5 to 2 kHz, progression was approximately 2 dB/yr; at 4 kHz, progression was 2.4 dB/yr. Vestibular and brainstem-evoked response audiometry test results were normal. All the @entity1 achieved the maximum speech recognition score, as was expected based on their pure-tone average at 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CONCLUSION: Our six adult @entity1 with the mitochondrial @entity3915 ) gene mutation at location 3,243 showed almost normal to severe @entity393 which was progressive beyond presbyacusis. Data from the literature and our findings suggest a cochlear localization of the @entity393 .

title: Progressive sensorineural hearing impairment in maternally inherited diabetes mellitus and deafness ( XXXX ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['HI', 'hearing impairment']

entities_list: @entity27157 :: ('MESH:C536246', 'Disease') :: ['maternally inherited diabetes and deafness']

answer: @entity27157 :: (MESH:C536246,Disease) :: ['MIDD']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To describe the first clinical application of a novel tissue Doppler derived index of contractility, @entity11139 ( @entity11139 ), in the assessment of the ventricular myocardial force-frequency relation (FFR) in the @entity299 ( @entity299 ). DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Tertiary referral centre. INTERVENTIONS: Non-invasive assessment of the myocardial FFR by tissue Doppler echocardiography during atrial pacing. RESULTS: @entity11139 was used to measure the FFR of the systemic ventricle in @entity1 with structurally normal hearts and in @entity1 with UVHs. Basal @entity11139 of the normal hearts (mean (SD) 1.9 (0.3) m/s2) was significantly greater than that of UVHs in @entity1 with a dominant right ventricle (RV) (1.0 (0.3) m/s2) or left ventricle (LV) (0.8 (0.7) m/s2; p < 0.05 for both). Neither the absolute nor percentage change from basal to peak values of @entity11139 with pacing differed between the three groups. Peak force developed by the normal LV was significantly greater than that of the @entity299 , dominant LV group but not different from that of the @entity299 , dominant RV group. CONCLUSION: Contractility at basal heart rate is depressed in @entity1 with @entity299 compared with the normal LV. Analysis of ventricular FFRs exposes further differences in myocardial contractility. There is no evidence that contractile function of the dominant RV is inferior to that of the dominant LV over a physiological range of heart rates.

title: Non-invasive assessment of ventricular force-frequency relations in the univentricular circulation by tissue Doppler echocardiography: a novel method of assessing myocardial performance in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity11139 :: ('MESH:D015465', 'Disease') :: ['isovolumic acceleration', 'IVA']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['UVH', 'univentricular heart']

answer: @entity299 :: (MESH:D006331,Disease) :: ['congenital heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4742 ( @entity4743 ), a synthetic @entity172 widely prescribed to pregnant @entity1 during the mid-1900s, is a potent endocrine disruptor. Previous studies have suggested an association between endocrine-disrupting compounds and secondary sex ratio. METHODS: Data were provided by @entity1 participating in the National @entity5 Institute (NCI) @entity4743 Combined Cohort Study. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the relation of in utero @entity4743 exposure to sex ratio (proportion of male births). Models were adjusted for maternal age, @entity1 's birth year, parity, and cohort, and accounted for clustering among @entity1 with @entity2099 . RESULTS: The OR for having a male birth comparing @entity4743 -exposed to unexposed @entity1 was 1.05 (95% CI, 0.95-1.17). For exposed @entity1 with complete data on cumulative @entity4743 dose and timing (33%), those first exposed to @entity4743 earlier in gestation and to higher doses had the highest odds of having a male birth. The ORs were 0.91 (95% C, 0.65-1.27) for first exposure at > or = 13 weeks gestation to < 5 g @entity4743 ; 0.95 (95% CI, 0.71-1.27) for first exposure at > or = 13 weeks to > or = 5 g; 1.16 (95% CI, 0.96-1.41) for first exposure at < 13 weeks to < 5 g; and 1.24 (95% CI, 1.04-1.48) for first exposure at < 13 weeks to > or = 5 g compared with no exposure. Results did not vary appreciably by maternal age, parity, cohort, or @entity249 history. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, no association was observed between in utero @entity4743 exposure and secondary sex ratio, but a significant increase in the proportion of male births was found among @entity1 first exposed to @entity4743 earlier in gestation and to a higher cumulative dose.

title: Secondary sex ratio among XXXX exposed to @entity4742 in utero.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity249 :: ('MESH:D007246', 'Disease') :: ['infertility']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2099 :: ('MESH:D011254', 'Disease') :: ['multiple pregnancies']

entities_list: @entity4742 :: ('MESH:D004054', 'Chemical') :: ['Diethylstilbestrol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: Alpha7 nicotinic @entity934 receptor (a7 @entity6786 ), a ligand-gated ion channel, is increasingly emerging as a new @entity5 target owing to its expression specificity and significancy for @entity5 . In an attempt to increase the targeted drug delivery to the a7 @entity6786 -overexpressing @entity5 , herein, a-conotoxin ImI, a @entity1520 -rich toxin with highly affinity for a7 @entity6786 , was modified on the @entity970 -DSPE micelles (ImI-PMs) for the first time. The DLS, TEM and HPLC detections showed the spherical nanoparticle morphology about 20  nm with negative charge and high drug encapsulation. The ligand modification did not induce significant differences. The immunofluorescence assay confirmed the expression level of a7 @entity6786 in MCF-7 cells. In  vitro and in  vivo experiments demonstrated that the a7 @entity6786 -targeted nanomedicines could deliver more specifically and faster into a7 @entity6786 -overexpressing MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, @entity3576 /AM fluorescence imaging technique indicated that the increased specificity was attributed to the ligand-receptor interaction, and the inducitivity for intracellular @entity141 transient by ImI was still remained after modification. Moreover, @entity1311 , a clinical frequently-used anti- @entity5 drug for @entity0 , was loaded in ImI-modified nanomedicines to evaluate the targeting efficacy. Besides of exhibiting greater @entity137 and inducing more cell apoptosis in  vitro, @entity1311 -loaded ImI-PMs displayed stronger anti- @entity5 efficacy in MCF-7 @entity5 -bearing nu/nu @entity19 . Finally, the active targeting system showed low systemic @entity137 and myelosuppression evidenced by less changes in body weight, white blood cells, neutrophilic granulocyte and platelet counts. In conclusion, a7 @entity6786 is also a promising target for anti- @entity5 drug delivery and in this case, a-conotoxin ImI-modified nanocarrier is a potential delivery system for targeting a7 @entity6786 -overexpressing @entity5 .

title: The use of a-conotoxin ImI to actualize the targeted delivery of @entity1311 micelles to a7 @entity6786 -overexpressing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In @entity453 ( @entity453 ), medical treatment is the main clinical strategy for controlling @entity63 and @entity951 while restoring a satisfactory level of usual activities and improving quality of life (QOL). This study's purpose was to evaluate in @entity453 patients the antianginal efficacy of 4-month treatment with @entity15726 plus a b-blocker and to record @entity1 compliance and the effect of treatment on QOL. METHODS: In this noninterventional study, 2403 @entity1 with @entity5749 were prospectively studied from 245 private cardiology offices. Data were recorded at baseline and at 1 and 4 months after inclusion. @entity1 quality of life was assessed using the EuroQol 5 dimensions (EQ-5D) questionnaire. RESULTS: From baseline to study completion, mean heart rate decreased from 81.5    9.7 bpm to 63.9    6.0 bpm (P <-0.001), mean number of @entity2142 decreased from 2.0    2.0 times/wk to 0.2    0.6 times/wk (P < 0.001) and @entity1242 consumption decreased from 1.4    2.0 times/wk to 0.1    0.4 times/wk (P < 0.001). The percentage of @entity1 with Canadian @entity65 @entity951 class I increased from approximately 38% (baseline) to 84% (study completion; P < 0.001). The reduction in @entity2142 , @entity1242 consumption, and @entity951 score was correlated with reduction in heart rate (P < 0.001). The mean EQ-5D visual analogue scale index increased by 16.1 points (P < 0.001), and compliance with treatment was high throughout the trial (96%). CONCLUSIONS: @entity15726 administration on top of optimal individualized dose of b-blockers is associated with decreased anginal events and with improvement of QOL in @entity453 @entity1 .

title: Treatment of Stable XXXX With @entity15726 in Everyday Practice: A Pan-Hellenic, Prospective, Noninterventional Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['nitroglycerin']

entities_list: @entity5749 :: ('MESH:D060050', 'Disease') :: ['chronic stable angina']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina symptoms', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['anginal attacks']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['CAD', 'coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity15726 :: ('MESH:C088408', 'Chemical') :: ['ivabradine', 'Ivabradine']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular Society']

answer: @entity951 :: (MESH:D000787,Disease) :: ['Angina Pectoris']


abstract: Reduced @entity79 ( @entity79 ) has been reported in 3-77% of @entity1 with @entity29 ( @entity29 ). The majority of these studies are cross-sectional and from tertiary referral centres. The aim of our study was to estimate the prevalence of @entity2331 and of symptomatic @entity174 in a population of @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) living in a well-defined geographic area. @entity1 with @entity30 living in three adjacent municipalities within the @entity29 South-Limburg study area were investigated. @entity79 was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) of the femoral neck, lumbar spine and total body. The population comprised of 181 @entity30 @entity1 , 23 of whom were excluded. One-hundred-and-nineteen (75%) of the 158 eligible @entity1 (37 males, 82 females with a mean age of 42 years (17-78)) were investigated. @entity2331 of lumbar spine and/or femoral neck was found in 45% of @entity1 . @entity170 was found in another 13% of @entity1 . Mean @entity79 (T-score) of femoral neck was significantly lower than of lumbar spine (P < 0.001). Male @entity30 @entity1 and @entity1 aged under 18 at diagnosis are more at risk of having a low bone mass at the lumbar spine (P < 0.001) and total body (P = 0.018). The prevalence of @entity170 in @entity30 @entity1 (29%) was significantly higher than in premenopausal @entity1 (3%) (odds ratio: 12). Twenty-nine of 119 (24%) @entity1 had a history of symptomatic @entity174 . @entity2331 and @entity170 are frequent in @entity30 and should have the full attention of the treating physician.

title: @entity2331 and @entity170 in XXXX : prevalence in a Dutch population-based cohort.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['Osteoporosis', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic bone disease', 'Osteopenia']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'postmenopausal CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: Interest in the long-term natural history of @entity15 ( @entity15 ) is being revived, as disability endpoints become increasingly important with the advent of highly efficacious long range but potentially harmful drugs. @entity15 had an increasingly benign course, probably due to better assessment and changing diagnostic criteria. Incidence cohorts reduce inclusion bias, capturing both extreme benign and severe cases. We conducted a 50-year follow-up of an incidence cohort of Gothenburg residents with @entity15 onset in 1950-1964 (n  =  254; 212 with an initial relapsing-remitting course and 42 with a monophasic course, diagnostic criteria according to Poser). @entity1 were followed longitudinally until censoring, death, or study termination in 2012 and evaluated using Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox regression analysis. Median time to secondary progression was 15  years. Median time to EDSS6 and EDSS7 was 26 and 48  years (n  =  254), respectively. The cumulative risk of reaching EDSS6 was 50  % at 55  years of age and 80  % at 80  years of age (n  =  212). A score based on a cluster of clinical features at onset predicted secondary progression, EDSS6, EDSS7, and EDSS10 (hazard ratio 1.6-2.3 per score unit for @entity1 , 0.99-1.49 for @entity1 ). This score predicted the disease course during five decades indirectly, by predicting time to secondary progression. Age at onset predicted the course in @entity1 , with 3-6  % yearly increase in the risk of reaching disability milestones. The present incidence cohort provided hard outcome data in untreated @entity1 over several decades.

title: The outcome spectrum of XXXX : disability, mortality, and a cluster of predictors from onset.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['MS', 'multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity15 :: (MESH:D009103,Disease) :: ['multiple sclerosis']


abstract: The management of 215 consecutive @entity1 with @entity151 referred to the oncology service at Christchurch Hospital, 1979-89, was reviewed. After staging, 118 @entity1 were treated with combination chemotherapy ( @entity786 , @entity1891 and @entity632 ), with (87) or without (31) thoracic irradiation. @entity1 with other medical problems were treated with alternative chemotherapy (34) or irradiation alone (54). Nine received symptomatic care alone. Eighty-five (40%) had limited disease, with no extrathoracic metastases beyond supraclavicular nodes. The response rate to treatment was 66%. Median survival for the whole group was 33 weeks, 51 weeks for those with limited and 26 weeks for @entity66 . The cumulative risk of developing cerebral metastases was 40% at one year. @entity1 surviving 26 weeks spent one third of their time as hospital inpatients or outpatients. Twenty-two @entity1 survive, five progression free for 4-8 years, including two who had initial surgical resection. The study supports the policy of reserving intensive staging for fit @entity1 who appear to have limited disease and for those entered into clinical trials. Fit @entity1 with limited disease warrant treatment with combination chemotherapy and thoracic irradiation.

title: The management of XXXX in Christchurch 1979-89.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['extensive disease']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity151 :: (MESH:D055752,Disease) :: ['small cell lung cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: to compare the efficacy of @entity7015 and @entity7048 on the febrile and infectious morbidity of post vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy antibiotic prophylaxis. METHODS: randomized clinical study, where @entity1 admitted to hospital for hysterectomy were randomly allocated in one of the following antibiotic prophylaxis groups: Group C (2 g of IV @entity7048 in the anesthetic induction); Group T (2 g of @entity7015 orally, 12 hours before the surgery); or Group C+T (2 g of @entity7015 orally 12 hours before the surgery and 2g of IV @entity7048 in the anesthetic induction). Cervicovaginal smears were collected for specific cultures and the diagnosis of @entity6981 ( @entity6981 ) was based in Amsel and Nugent's criteria. The @entity1 were reevaluated 7 and 30 days after the surgery for signs of febrile and/or infectious morbidity. The chi2 or the Fisher's exact test was used to assess differences among the three groups, with a significance level of 5%. The sample power (1-beta) was calculated through the SAS program. RESULTS: seven days after the hysterectomy, infectious morbidity was diagnosed in 6.6% of the @entity1 , but with no significant difference among the three groups studied (p=0.12). There was no febrile or infectious morbidity at the immediate post-surgical period or after 30 days from the surgery. @entity6981 ratio at the pre-surgical period was significantly higher among the @entity1 submitted to vaginal hysterectomy, rather than among the ones submitted to abdominal hysterectomy (27 versus 7%, p=0.02). @entity6981 ratio was also higher after 30 days, among the @entity1 submitted to vaginal hysterectomy (20 versus 8%), though without statistical significance (p=0.19). CONCLUSIONS: the use of @entity7015 , isolated or associated with @entity7048 has not presented higher efficacy, than the use of @entity7048 , alone to prevent febrile or infectious morbidity post hysterectomy. The high ratio of @entity6981 at the immediate pre-surgery period among the @entity1 submitted to vaginal hysterectomy suggests that this infection must be better investigated and properly treated before the surgery.

title: [ @entity7015 versus XXXX in antibiotic prophylaxis of vaginal and abdominal hysterectomy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7048 :: ('MESH:D002437', 'Chemical') :: ['cephazolin']

entities_list: @entity6981 :: ('MESH:D016585', 'Disease') :: ['BV', 'bacterial vaginosis']

entities_list: @entity7015 :: ('MESH:D014011', 'Chemical') :: ['tinidazole']

answer: @entity7048 :: (MESH:D002437,Chemical) :: ['cefazolin']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of postoperative chemoradiotherapy with @entity1311 and @entity900 in the multimodality treatment of locally advanced @entity356 after D2 gastrectomy. METHODOLOGY: Sixty-five @entity1 underwent D2 gastrectomy with stage @entity356 were enrolled. A postoperative radiotherapy dose of 46 Gy in 23 fractions with concurrent chemotherapy of @entity1311 and @entity900 were delivered to the @entity1 . Chemotherapy was administrated with @entity1311 135mg/ m2 at day 1 and 21, cisplantin 20mg/ m2 at day 1-3 and day 29-31 during the radiotherapy course. Sixty-three out off 65 eligible @entity1 were irradiated to a total dose of 46Gy and completed two cycles of full-dose chemotherapy. Thirty-three @entity1 died at the time of analysis. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 68.0 months (range 1.9-119.1). The 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 78.5% and 73.2%, respectively. The 5-year OS and DFS were 57.4% and 54.8%, respectively. @entity137 was tolerant. The main @entity137 were @entity344 , hematologic @entity137 and hair loss. CONCLUSION: This novel postoperative chemoradiotherapy regimen for @entity1 with @entity356 after D2 gastrectomy had a tolerable @entity137 , however, it did not decrease the local recurrence rate.

title: Postoperative chemoradiotherapy for advanced XXXX after D2 gastrectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal disorder']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'IB-IV (M0) gastric cancers']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']