abstract: OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the treatment of advanced @entity356 (AGC). METHODS: Clinical control trials about the efficacy and safety of surgery combined with HIPEC in the treatment of advanced @entity356 published before June 2014 were searched in Embase, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Wanfang database and CNKI database. Quality of enrolled articles was evaluated with the guidelines from Cochrane collaborative network. All the retrieved data were analyzed by RevMan 5.3 software for meta-analysis. Sensitivity analysis was performed by exclusion of non-randomly clinical control trials. Publication bias was evaluated by failure safe number (Nfs0.05). RESULTS: Of the 1489 AGC cases included from 16 literature, 698 underwent surgery with HIPEC (HIPEC group) while 791 underwent surgery alone (control group). According to whether or not the @entity1 presented macroscopic peritoneal @entity3 before the surgery, the HIPEC group was further divided into the curative HIPEC (n=102) and prophylactic HIPEC groups (n=421). The results of meta-analysis showed that, compared with control group, the 1-year (OR=2.26, 95%CI:1.71 ~ 3.00, P=0.000), 3-year (OR=2.27, 95%CI:1.80 - 2.87, P=0.000) and 5-year (OR=1.58, 95%CI:1.20 - 2.07, P=0.001) survival rates of HIPEC group were significantly improved with significantly decreased overall recurrence rate of liver, lung, bone or peritoneal @entity3 (OR=0.43, 95%CI:0.26 - 0.71, P=0.001) and lower peritoneal @entity3 recurrence rate (OR=0.30, 95%CI:0.17 - 0.52, P=0.000). However, there was higher incidence of procedure-related morbidity in the HIPEC group (OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.13 - 2.45, P=0.009), whereby the incidences of myelotoxicity (OR=4.90, 95%CI:1.05 - 22.83, P=0.040) and @entity177 were higher (OR=3.59, 95%CI:1.67 - 7.74, P=0.001). While the other complications, such as @entity834 , @entity1321 and @entity1576 were not significantly different between the two groups(all P>0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that compared with control group, the rates of peritoneal recurrence and @entity3 in the prophylactic HIPEC group were significantly lower (OR=0.34, 95%CI:0.24 - 0.48, P=0.000), while such rates were not significantly different in curative HIPEC group (OR=0.07, 95%CI:0.00 - 1.88, P=0.110). CONCLUSIONS: Surgery combined with HIPEC can improve survival of AGC @entity1 and reduce the recurrence rate after surgery. However its safety should be improved in the future.

title: [Efficacy and safety of surgery combined with hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced XXXX : a meta-analysis].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity834 :: ('MESH:D057868', 'Disease') :: ['anastomotic leakage']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity1321 :: ('MESH:D007415', 'Disease') :: ['intestinal obstruction']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory diseases']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ) is characterized by a number of prominent behavioral changes. While @entity4943 has been associated with the presence of aberrant or unusual sexual behaviors in a proportion of @entity1 , few studies have formally investigated changes in sexual function in this disease. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to systematically quantify changes in sexual behavior, including current symptoms and changes from prior diagnoses, in behavioral-variant (bvFTD) and @entity4943 ( @entity4943 ), compared to @entity195 ( @entity195 ). METHODS: Carers of 49 @entity303 @entity1 (21 bvFTD, 11 @entity4943 , 17 @entity195 ) were interviewed using the Sexual Behavior and Intimacy Questionnaire (SIQ), a survey designed to assess changes in sexual function across multiple domains including initiating, level of affection, and aberrant or unusual sexual behavior. RESULTS: BvFTD @entity1 show prominent @entity146 including decreased affection, initiation, and response to advances by partners, and decreased frequency of sexual relations, compared to @entity195 and to @entity4943 @entity1 . The greatest changes in sexual behavior compared to pre-diagnoses were found in the bvFTD group with a 90-100% decrease in initiation, response, and frequency of sexual relations. Notably, aberrant or unusual sexual behavior was reported in a minority of bvFTD and @entity4943 @entity1 and occurred in @entity1 who also showed @entity146 toward their partner. CONCLUSION: Overall loss of affection, reduced initiation of sexual activity, and responsiveness is an overwhelming feature of bvFTD. In contrast, aberrant or unusual sexual behavior is observed in the minority of bvFTD @entity1 . The underlying pathophysiology of these changes likely reflects structural and functional changes in frontoinsular and limbic regions including the @entity2339 .

title: Characterizing Sexual Behavior in  Frontotemporal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['hyposexual behavior']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity2339 :: ('MESH:D007029', 'Disease') :: ['hypothalamus']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity4943 :: ('MESH:D057180', 'Disease') :: ['FTD', 'SD', 'semantic dementia', 'Frontotemporal dementia']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['Dementia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Inguinal lymphadenectomy has an essential role in the cure of @entity1 with inguinal metastasis from @entity5 ; however, this procedure is associated with a significant morbidity. In recent years, modified lymphadenectomy with saphenous vein preservation has been postulated to reduce morbidity. Herein, we present our recent experience with prophylactic inguinal lymhadenectomy and saphenous vein preservation in @entity1 with invasive @entity17539 and non-palpable inguinal lymph nodes. METHODS: Seven @entity1 with invasive @entity957 , who underwent bilateral prophylactic inguinal lymphadenectomy with saphenous vein preservation between 1995 and 2001, were reviewed retrospectively. Mean age was 67.7 years. The pathological stage of the @entity5 was pT2 in four and @entity1803 in three @entity1 respectively. @entity260 were defined as minor--wound infection, @entity2080 formation requiring drainage, and @entity39 , and major-- deep venous @entity715 , persistent @entity2080 formation, @entity39 requiring a skin graft, as well as permanent and disabling leg @entity4269 . RESULTS: Minimum follow up was 2 years. Minor complications--wound infection--occurred in one @entity1 (one groin). No major complications occurred. All @entity1 are alive without evidence of disease recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: Prophylactic inguinal lymphadenectomy seems to offer reduced morbidity in high risk @entity5 @entity1 without compromising survival outcome.

title: Morbidity of prophylactic inguinal lymphadenectomy with saphenous vein preservation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['flap necrosis', 'skin necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['penile cancer', 'primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell penile carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4269 :: ('MESH:D008209', 'Disease') :: ['lymphedema']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity17539 :: ('MESH:D010412', 'Disease') :: ['penile carcinoma']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell penile carcinoma']


abstract: AIM: Mortality after curative surgery for @entity5 is increased if surgery is not performed within a week of completed short course radiotherapy. A link to the suppression of leucocytes after neoadjuvant radiotherapy has been suggested. This study investigates the effects of radiotherapy on peripheral leucocyte counts, complications and survival. METHOD: @entity1 data variables from a retrospective database (Local and National Swedish Registries) of a total of 926 consecutive @entity1 treated for @entity5 at two surgical units (1993-2004) were analysed for leucocyte counts and mortality. In all 310 @entity1 received radiotherapy. Mean follow-up time was 2.8 years. RESULTS: There was a marked suppression of leucocytes in the irradiated groups coupled with a reduction in leucocyte response to surgery (p<0.05) compared to non-irradiated @entity1 . Long course radiotherapy resulted in a better postoperative leucocyte response. Irradiated @entity1 with a low post/preoperative leucocyte ratio had higher complication rates. No association between leucocyte response and survival was seen in the irradiated group. CONCLUSIONS: @entity86 is impaired after neoadjuvant radiotherapy, independent of latency period to surgery. Irradiated @entity1 with a suppression of leucocyte response had significantly higher complication rates. The true extent of survival could not be measured in radiotherapy groups due to the short median follow-up period.

title: Peripheral leucocyte count variations in XXXX treatment.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['rectal cancer disease', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative leucocytosis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: Since 1996, our standard immunosuppressive protocol for simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation (SKPT) has been @entity1140 ( @entity11636 ), @entity618 ( @entity2098 ) and @entity230 without antibody induction. When basiliximab and daclizumab, monoclonal antibodies directed against the @entity2902 ( @entity2902 ), became available, we selectively added these agents to our standard protocol. The purpose of this prospective, open-label study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of @entity3647 antagonists in SKPT. From April 1998 to August 1999, 35 SKPTS were performed. One @entity1 with delayed graft function received Thymoglobulin and was excluded; 17 received no induction, and 17 received @entity2902 antagonists (9 basiliximab, 8 daclizumab) as induction. Demographic- and transplant characteristics were similar between the two groups. At 6 months, @entity1 survival was 88 % (15/17) in the induction arm compared to 100 % (17/17) in the no-induction arm, P = NS. The 2 causes of @entity204 were @entity295 and @entity1381 , and both @entity1 died with functioning grafts. @entity204 and kidney graft survival rates in the induction and the no-induction groups were 88 % vs. 100 % respectively, in both groups. The incidence of acute rejection (kidney or pancreas) at 6 months did not differ between the two groups (35 % in both groups). Biopsy proven pancreas and kidney acute rejections were 35 % vs. 24 % and 12 % vs. 12 % in the induction- and no-induction groups, respectively. The incidences of @entity281 and readmission did not differ between groups. @entity11636 trough levels and mean daily doses of @entity11636 , @entity2098 and @entity230 did not differ between the two groups at 1, 3, and 6 months. The incidence of event-free survival (no @entity204 , rejection, or graft loss) at 6 months was 59 % (10/17) in the induction and 65 % (11/17) in the no-induction group. Basiliximab and daclizumab appear to be safe in SKPT. However, the preliminary results of this study do not demonstrate a significant benefit in either reducing the incidence of acute rejection or improving outcomes at 6 months. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these findings.

title: Initial clinical experience with @entity2902 antagonist induction in combination with @entity1140 , XXXX and @entity230 in simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation.

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1381 :: ('MESH:D006463', 'Disease') :: ['hemolytic uremic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['major infection']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity1140 :: ('MESH:D016559', 'Chemical') :: ['tacrolimus']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['Death-censored pancreas', 'death']

entities_list: @entity2902 :: ('3559', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-2 receptor', 'IL-2R']

answer: @entity618 :: (MESH:C063008,Chemical) :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']


abstract: PURPOSE: The syndrome of @entity340 , persistent @entity354 and @entity8 (VURD) is said to be protective of the contralateral nonrefluxing kidney and the outcome for renal function is reported to be excellent. We tested this hypothesis in our @entity1 by replicating previous studies but with longer followup and glomerular filtration rate data. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the records of 183 @entity1 presenting with @entity340 between 1980 and 1989, including 12 who underwent nephrectomy for ipsilateral nonfunction and fulfilled all criteria for the @entity751 . Mean age at the most recent followup was 8.5 years. Serial serum @entity1011 levels and glomerular filtration rates were analyzed and compared to age matched normal values. RESULTS: Histological evaluation revealed @entity1141 in all kidneys, confirming the @entity751 . Followup plasma @entity1011 was normal 67% of the @entity1 during year 2 of life, 50% between ages 4 and 5 years, and only 30% between ages 8 and 10 years. Glomerular filtration rate was within the normal range in 25% of @entity1 tested in year 2 of life, and between ages 5 and 8 years. CONCLUSIONS: Our data do not support the protective effect of the @entity751 on long-term renal function. All @entity1 with @entity340 require diligent long-term followup.

title: Long-term renal function in the @entity340 , XXXX and @entity8 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['VURD syndrome']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral reflux']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['posterior urethral valves']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity354 :: (MESH:D005764,Disease) :: ['unilateral reflux']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immunosuppressive therapy is usually administered following renal transplantation to protect the graft from rejection. However, this often causes complications such as @entity281 to occur. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the @entity4386 gene, such as @entity62022 ( @entity41356 ), @entity12402 ( @entity34364 ) and @entity62023 ( @entity46736 ), can affect graft rejection and the long-term clinical outcome of organ transplantation. The role of @entity4386 SNPs in T cell-mediated immunity in renal transplantation and association with @entity281 after transplantation is unknown. METHODS: In this study, the risk of @entity281 according to @entity4386 SNPs was investigated in 304 @entity1 who received kidney graft transplants between 2008 and 2012. RESULTS: The frequency of the @entity62024 GG genotype was significantly higher in recipients with @entity1800 (14.89%) than in those without @entity281 (3.50%) (Bonferroni-adjusted p=0.005). A significant difference (p=0.001) in @entity1 with the @entity62024 GG genotype from those with the AA+AG genotypes was found in the viral cohort using the log-rank test. A significant association was found between the @entity62024 genotype and onset of @entity1800 in transplant recipients (p=0.001). The frequencies of the CGTAG and CGCAG haplotypes were significantly higher in the @entity1800 group (9.6% and 5.3%) than in the non- @entity1800 group (3.8% and 1.4%) (p=0.0149 and p=0.0111). No association between any @entity4386 SNP and @entity2348 was found. Multivariate analyses revealed that one risk factor, the use of antibody induction therapy (p=0.007), was associated with @entity2348 , and two risk factors, antibody use (p=0.015) and recipient @entity62024 genotype (p=0.001), were associated with @entity1800 . CONCLUSIONS: The @entity62024 GG genotype may be a risk factor for @entity1800 in kidney transplantation. The @entity4386 haplotypes CGTAG and CGCAG were partially associated with the development of @entity1800 in Chinese kidney transplant recipients.

title: @entity4386 gene polymorphisms influence the incidence of XXXX after renal transplantation in Chinese recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial infection']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'infections']

entities_list: @entity1800 :: ('MESH:D014777', 'Disease') :: ['viral infection']

answer: @entity281 :: (MESH:D007239,Disease) :: ['infection']


abstract: The clinical data of 54 @entity1 (57% males) with extracranial @entity6196 ( @entity6196 ) seen over a 20-year period at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center were reviewed. The age at diagnosis ranged from 1 month to 81 years (median, 17 years). One @entity6196 arose in a previously irradiated site. One @entity1 had an unaffected identical twin. Primary sites were thoracopulmonary (n = 25), pelvis (n = 12), retroperitoneum or abdomen (n = 10), limbs (n = 5), neck (n = 1), and unknown (n = 1). At diagnosis, epidural extension was present in 13 @entity1 with truncal primaries, and 11 @entity1 had distant metastases. All of the latter died with disease. Progression-free survival (PFS) among the 43 @entity1 with @entity5 (all greater than 5 cm) was 25% at 24 months. Two of 13 @entity1 who relapsed after more than 12 months without therapy were long-term survivors. @entity1 with localized @entity6196 who had resection of all gross disease within 3 months of diagnosis had a significantly longer PFS (P = 0.0003). Radiation therapy caused @entity5 shrinkage but was not curative of measurable disease. A dose-response effect was evident with the most commonly used drug, @entity786 . Myeloablative regimens using melphalan (n = 8) or thiotepa (n = 1) with autologous bone marrow rescue were not clearly beneficial. The treatment results favor: (1) early surgical removal, (2) dose-intensive use of drugs active against @entity6196 (especially @entity786 ), and (3) radiation therapy to ablate residual microscopic disease.

title: Extracranial XXXX . The Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['PNET', 'primitive neuroectodermal tumors']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'localized tumors']

answer: @entity6196 :: (MESH:D018242,Disease) :: ['primitive neuroectodermal tumors']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Ethnic minority midlife @entity1 frequently do not recognize @entity65 that they experience during the menopausal transition. Racial/ethnic differences in @entity65 are postulated as a plausible reason for their lack of knowledge and recognition of the symptoms. The purpose of this study was to explore racial/ethnic differences in midlife @entity1 's @entity65 and to determine the factors related to these symptoms in each racial/ethnic group. This was a secondary analysis of the data from a larger study among 466 @entity1 , collected from 2006 to 2011. The instruments included questions on background characteristics, health and menopausal status, and the Cardiovascular Symptom Index for Midlife @entity1 . The data were analyzed using inferential statistics, including Poisson regression and logistic regression analyses. Significant racial/ethnic differences were observed in the total numbers and total severity scores of @entity65 (p < .01). Non-Hispanic Asians had significantly lower total numbers and total severity scores compared to other racial/ethnic groups (p < .05). The demographic and health factors associated with @entity65 were somewhat different in each racial/ethnic group. Further studies are needed about possible reasons for the racial/ethnic differences and the factors associated with @entity65 in each racial/ethnic group.

title: Racial/Ethnic Differences in Cardiovascular Symptoms in Four Major Racial/Ethnic Groups of Midlife XXXX : A Secondary Analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular symptoms']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate @entity8 , including @entity2849 , @entity2548 , and arteriocaliceal @entity292 , their management by endovascular embolization, and the clinical results. METHODS: Fifty-five @entity1 (forty males, fifteen females) with a median age of 40 years (range, 8-85 years), who underwent endovascular embolization of @entity8 between March 2003 and December 2013 were enrolled into this retrospective study. Types of @entity4499 and details of embolization procedures were reported. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), renal function tests, hemoglobin, and hematocrit levels before and after embolization were recorded and compared. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 24 months. We identified 53 @entity2849 , 30 @entity2548 , and 11 arteriocaliceal @entity292 in 55 @entity1 , after percutaneous nephrolithotomy (n=26), renal biopsy (n=21), nephrostomy (n=3), renal surgery (n=3), and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (n=2). Median number of @entity2849 was 1 (range, 1-4) with a median size of 7 mm (range, 1.5-35 mm). Fifty-one @entity1 underwent coil embolization. Median number of coils was 5 (range, 2-21) and median renal parenchymal loss was 5% (range, 1%-50%). There were no significant differences between pre- and postoperative eGFR and serum parameters. CONCLUSION: Iatrogenic renal arterial lesion can be a life threatening condition. Superselective coil embolization is a safe, minimally invasive treatment option with minimal renal parenchymal loss and without significant change in renal function.

title: Endovascular management of XXXX and clinical outcomes.

entities_list: @entity4499 :: ('MESH:D007049', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic lesions']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['iatrogenic renal arterial lesions']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistulas', 'arteriovenous fistula']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm', 'pseudoaneurysms']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['iatrogenic renal arterial lesions']


abstract: The senescence accelerated @entity19 P6 (SAMP6) has a low bone mass and has previously shown to be a good model for @entity170 in @entity1 . In addition to a reduced bone mass, SAMP6 @entity19 are @entity28 and have @entity407 . Using positional cloning and expression studies, an increased expression of @entity50324 was found in these @entity19 . @entity18181 is a modulator of the Wnt signalling pathway. This pathway has been previously shown to be involved in regulating bone mass. Additional evidence that @entity18181 has an influence on @entity1555 was delivered by linkage and association studies mostly performed in Asian populations. Based on these data we decided to perform an association study between common variants in @entity18181 , @entity1555 , hip geometry parameters and body composition parameters in a population consisting of 1383 Danish @entity1 (783 aged 20-29 years; 600 aged 60-74 years). Afterwards we tried to replicate the significant results in a population of 994 Belgian @entity1 . In the Danish population we found 6 SNPs associated with @entity1555 at the hip and/or femoral neck. Furthermore, all 6 SNPs were associated with several hip geometry parameters. The homozygous presence of the minor allele resulted for all SNPs (except @entity61387 ) in a decrease in bone density and bone strength. Finally, we observed in the Danish population age specific associations with height and fat mass. In the Belgian population we tried to replicate the results of three SNPs with @entity1555 and body composition parameters. Unfortunately, we were not able to replicate the results found in the Danish cohort but we found one SNP ( @entity61388 ) associated with height. In conclusion, genetic variation in @entity18181 has an influence on hip @entity174 risk, percentage body fat and height in a Danish male population. However, we were unable to replicate these results in an independent Belgian population.

title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in XXXX are associated with bone and body composition related parameters in Danish but not in Belgian @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['senile osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

answer: @entity18181 :: (6424,Gene) :: ['sFRP4']


abstract: Background and @entity65 ( @entity65 ) is a major global health problem and the leading cause of death in Europe. Risk factors such as @entity28 and @entity101 that accelerate the development of @entity65 begin in childhood. Ethnicity is a known risk factor for @entity65 in adults. The aim of this study is to explore differences in the prevalence of @entity101 and @entity2299 among overweight/ @entity28 and normal-weight @entity1 /adolescents of three different ethnic origins living in Central Europe.Methods and procedures:Prevalence of @entity101 and @entity2299 was calculated among @entity28 /overweight @entity1 /adolescents (n=25   986; mean age 12.7  3.0 years; range: 0-18 years; 46% males) documented in the German-Austrian-Swiss APV (Prospective Documentation of Overweight @entity1 and Adolescents) registry and among normal-weight subjects (n=14   935; mean age: 8.8  5.1years; range 0-18 years; 51% males) from the population-based cross-sectional German Health Interview and Examination Survey for @entity1 and Adolescents (KiGGS) study. In both cohorts, subjects were categorized into three ethnic groups (Central European: Germany, Austria, Switzerland; Southeastern European: Turkish; Southern European: Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece, Cyprus, Malta) based on the country of birth of both parents. Regression models were used to examine ethnic differences after adjustment for age and gender and body mass index (BMI) category.Results:Age-, gender- and BMI category-adjusted prevalence of @entity101 were 38% and 39% for the ethnic minority groups, compared with 35% among German/Austrian/Swiss counterparts. Turkish ethnicity was significantly associated with @entity101 ( @entity13250 ; 95% confidence interval: 1.02-1.27; P=0.0446). No significant ethnic differences were found in lipid levels. Prevalence of @entity101 found among normal-weight subjects (Central European vs Southeastern vs Southern European: 6.8% vs 6.3% vs 7.2%) did not differ significantly.Conclusions:Turkish @entity28 /overweight @entity1 /adolescents showed a significantly higher prevalence of @entity101 relative to their peers of Central European descent. No significant ethnic difference in the prevalence of @entity101 was found among normal-weight @entity1 /adolescents. The high prevalence of @entity101 among Turkish @entity28 /overweight @entity1 /adolescents indicates the need for greater preventive and therapeutic efforts to reduce cardiovascular risk factors among vulnerable populations.International Journal of Obesity advance online publication, 10 October 2014; doi:10.1038/ijo.2014.167.

title: Ethnicity and cardiovascular risk factors: evaluation of 40   921 normal-weight, overweight or XXXX @entity1 and adolescents living in Central Europe.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'aims:Cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obese']


abstract: Abstract The seroprevalence of @entity10787 ( @entity10787 ), @entity3377 , and @entity4002 among domestic ruminants on the southeastern shore of Lake Chad was studied. The study area consisted of two parts, including mainland and islands. On the mainland, the study was conducted in nine randomly selected villages and camps. On the islands, samples were collected from all four available sites. A total of 985 serum samples were collected and 924 were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for @entity10787 . A total of 561 samples collected from islands were analyzed using ELISA for @entity4002 and both ELISA and Rose Bengal tests (RBT) for @entity3377 . The apparent @entity10787 seroprevalence by species was 37.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 34.2-41.3) in @entity291 , 18.8% (95% CI 12.3-25.2) in @entity1237 , and 10.8% (95% CI 3.0-18.5) in @entity742 . For @entity3377 and @entity4002 , only @entity291 samples from islands were analyzed. For @entity4002 , the apparent seroprevalence was 7.8% (95% CI 5.6-10.1). For @entity3377 , the RBT showed a prevalence of 5.7% (95% CI 3.8-7.6), and ELISA showed 11.9% (95% CI 9.3-14.6) with a kappa value of 0.53 showing a moderate agreement between the two tests. This study confirms the presence of the three diseases in the study area. More research is required to assess the importance for public health and conservation of the Kouri @entity291 breed.

title: Seroprevalence of @entity10787 , q Fever, and XXXX in ruminants on the southeastern shore of lake chad.

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity10787 :: ('MESH:D012295', 'Disease') :: ['Rift Valley fever', 'RVF']

answer: @entity3377 :: (MESH:D002006,Disease) :: ['brucellosis']


abstract: Effect of @entity2384 ( @entity2385 ), an environmental pollutant, on intracellular @entity8862 concentration was tested in @entity35 thymocytes to reveal one of cytotoxic profiles of @entity2385 at nanomolar concentrations using a flow cytometer and appropriate fluorescent probes. @entity2385 at concentrations of 30 nM or more (up to 300 nM) significantly increased the intensity of FluoZin-3 fluorescence, an indicator for intracellular @entity8862 concentration, under external @entity141 - and @entity8862 -free condition. Chelating intracellular @entity8862 completely attenuated the @entity2385 -induced augmentation of FluoZin-3 fluorescence. Result suggests that nanomolar @entity2385 releases @entity8862 from intracellular store site. Oxidative stress induced by @entity273 also increased the FluoZin-3 fluorescence intensity. The effects of @entity2385 and @entity273 on the fluorescence were additive. @entity2385 -induced changes in the fluorescence of FluoZin-3 and @entity15307 , an indicator for cellular @entity1432 content, were correlated with a coefficient of -0.962. Result suggests that the intracellular @entity8862 release by @entity2385 is associated with @entity2385 -induced reduction of cellular @entity1432 content. However, chelating intracellular @entity8862 potentiated the @entity137 of @entity2385 . Therefore, the @entity2385 -induced increase in intracellular @entity8862 concentration may be a type of stress responses to protect the cells.

title: XXXX increases intracellular @entity8862 concentration by decreasing cellular @entity1432 content in @entity35 thymocytes.

entities_list: @entity15307 :: ('MESH:C069306', 'Chemical') :: ['5-chloromethylfluorescein']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity2384 :: ('MESH:C011559', 'Chemical') :: ['tri-n-butyltin']

answer: @entity2384 :: (MESH:C011559,Chemical) :: ['Tri-n-butyltin']


abstract: @entity7255 is a rare disease entity presenting with multiple extensive red-brown plaques, histopathology showing marked @entity1373 of mature polyclonal plasma cells, and @entity4754 on serum protein electrophoresis, in the absence of an underlying secondary cause. We report in this article the first case of cutaneous plasmacytosis from Singapore. A 33-year-old Chinese @entity1 presented with mildly pruritic reddish brown papules and plaques over her trunk and arms for 2 years. Physical examination, laboratory investigations, and radiographic examination were negative for systemic involvement and lymphadenopathy. Serum immunoelectrophoresis showed @entity4754 with immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin A. Two sets of skin biopsies performed 2 years apart essentially showed similar histopathological findings of a superficial and deep perivascular infiltrate with numerous mature plasma cells and small typical lymphocytes. There were lymphoid follicles with well-formed germinal centers and mantle zones, surrounded by mature lymphocytes. No light chain restriction was present on immunohistochemistry, and polymerase chain reaction for heavy chain gene rearrangement was negative for monoclonality. Despite potent topical corticosteroids and 8 months of phototherapy with narrow band ultraviolet light, there was no improvement. Intralesional @entity2713 injections to a few lesions afforded temporary relief of itch and flattening of lesions.

title: Extensive hyperpigmented plaques in a chinese singaporean XXXX : a case of cutaneous plasmacytosis.

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity7255 :: ('MESH:D018366', 'Disease') :: ['Cutaneous plasmacytosis']

entities_list: @entity4754 :: ('MESH:D006942', 'Disease') :: ['polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia']

entities_list: @entity2713 :: ('MESH:D014221', 'Chemical') :: ['triamcinolone']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['woman']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1 @entity5476 is a @entity2927 caused by the filarial worm, Dirofilaria (Nochtiella) repens, whose primary host is the @entity235 . This @entity281 is on the increase over the past decade in Sri Lanka and the prevalence of @entity235 @entity5476 in the country is also believed to be high. We present here a study on public awareness of @entity5476 and the prevalence of this @entity281 in @entity235 in Negombo, an urban area that has a high domestic @entity235 population. OBJECTIVE: To assess the awareness of @entity281 among residents and study the prevalence of this @entity281 in domestic @entity235 in Negombo. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo 8, Sri Lanka. METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study within the city of Negombo during September and November 2003 using a pre-tested, interviewer-administered questionnaire with cluster sampling was done. Two hundred seventy adults, including 132 @entity235 owners, were included in the study. Data analysis was done using the Epilnfo programme. The prevalence of @entity235 @entity5476 was studied in a group of 65 @entity235 over the age of 1 year. They were selected by cluster sampling with random choice of the streets within the study area. Stained thick blood films, made following an earlobe-prick at any time during the day, were microscopically examined for the presence of microfilariae. RESULTS: Forty nine of the respondents (18%) were aware of the existence of @entity235 @entity5476 while @entity1 @entity5476 was known only to 6%. Awareness was related to the level of education. Knowledge of @entity235 @entity6565 was better among pet owners (32/132) when compared to others (18/138; p < 0.05). Veterinary surgeons were acknowledged as the source of information by 38% of those who were aware of the disease. Forty five per cent (n = 29) of the @entity235 screened were positive for microfilariae. Out of these 18 and two @entity235 were infected with D repens. and B. ceylonensis, respectively, while nine others were co-infected with the two parasites. CONCLUSIONS: The knowledge of @entity5476 is extremely poor in the study area. The high prevalence of @entity281 in @entity235 highlights the importance of improving the public awareness of this disease, especially among the @entity235 owners. Proper management of this condition in @entity235 -the reservoirs of @entity281 for @entity1 @entity5476 , is important for the control of this @entity2927 .

title: Study of XXXX in a selected area in the Western Province.

entities_list: @entity6565 :: ('MESH:D005368', 'Disease') :: ['filariasis']

entities_list: @entity2927 :: ('MESH:D015047', 'Disease') :: ['zoonotic infection']

entities_list: @entity5476 :: ('MESH:D004184', 'Disease') :: ['dirofilariasis']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection', 'dirofilariasis infection', 'filarial infections']

answer: @entity5476 :: (MESH:D004184,Disease) :: ['dirofilariasis']


abstract: Perilla leaf extract is known to have anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, we have demonstrated that @entity10419 , a polyphenolic liquid component in perilla, inhibits the @entity32 induced by house dust mites (HDMs) in vivo. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of intratracheal (i.t.) exposure to volatile constituents of a rosemary extract (VR), gaseous components in perilla, on a @entity19 model of @entity56 induced by HDM. C3H/HeN @entity19 were treated 7 times weekly with i.t. exposure. The HDM allergen challenge elicited a pulmonary eosinophilic @entity32 accompanied by an increase in the lung expression of @entity59 , @entity1312 , and @entity639 . VR inhibited increases in the number of @entity1712 , neutrophils, and mononuclear cells around the airways and those in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. VR exposure also significantly suppressed the expression of @entity1312 enhanced by HDM allergen. These results suggest that i.t. exposure to VR can, at least partially, prevent @entity32 induced by HDM. The preventive effect is associated with inhibition of the enhanced local expression of @entity1312 .

title: Effects of volatile constituents of a rosemary extract on XXXX related to house dust mite allergen in @entity19 .

entities_list: @entity1712 :: ('MESH:D004802', 'Disease') :: ['eosinophils']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['allergic airway inflammation', 'inflammation']

entities_list: @entity10419 :: ('MESH:C041376', 'Chemical') :: ['rosmarinic acid']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['allergic airway inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1375 is associated with increased @entity385 risk but paradoxically results in more favorable outcomes once a @entity64 occurs. Whether a similar pattern emerges in @entity1 with primary @entity1779 ( @entity1779 ) is unknown. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of a prospective @entity64 center database was performed to analyze the clinical presentation and outcomes of @entity1375 @entity1 with spontaneous @entity1779 . @entity1 were classified into groups with no history of @entity1374 (n=491) versus those with @entity1375 (n=72). @entity1375 @entity1 were further classified into @entity1 receiving thyroid replacement on admission or those without replacement. The Glasgow @entity772 Scale, @entity1779 score, and the National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) were used to assess the initial severity. Outcome was assessed by admission to discharge change in the NIHSS and modified Barthel Index (mBI), in-hospital mortality, discharge disposition and mortality, and the mBI at 3 and 12 months. RESULTS: There were 563 @entity1 in the analysis. Seventy-two @entity1 had a history of @entity1375 , and of these, 63% received thyroid hormone replacement. @entity1 receiving replacement had significantly lower NIHSS at presentation (median 4 [IQR 1, 11]) compared with either the control group (median 8 [IQR 3, 16]) or @entity1375 @entity1 without replacement (median 9 [IQR 3.8, 15.5]; P=.004). There was no difference in in-hospital and 3-month mortality or functional outcomes at 3 and 12 months among the groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the history of @entity1375 does not affect clinical severity or outcome after @entity1779 .

title: XXXX with @entity1375 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1375 :: ('MESH:D007037', 'Disease') :: ['Hypothyroidism', 'Hypothyroid', 'hypothyroidism', 'hypothyroid']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid disease']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['ICH', 'intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1779 :: (MESH:D002543,Disease) :: ['Intracerebral hemorrhage']


abstract: During reticulocyte maturation, some membrane proteins and organelles that are not required in the mature red cell are lost. Several of these proteins are released into the extracellular medium associated with the internal vesicles present in @entity1053 ( @entity1053 ). Likewise, organelles such as mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum are wrapped into double membrane vacuoles (i.e., autophagosomes) and degraded via autophagy. Morphological, molecular, and biochemical studies have shown that autophagosomes fuse with @entity1053 forming the so-called amphisomes, a prelysosomal hybrid organelle. SNAREs are key molecules of the vesicle fusion machinery. @entity61255 / @entity61255 and @entity24836 / @entity24836 are two @entity14442 proteins involved in the endocytic and exocytic pathways. We have previously shown that in the @entity1 leukemic K562 cells, @entity21220 decorates @entity1053 and it is necessary for fusion between autophagosomes with @entity1053 . In the present report, we present evidence indicating that @entity24836 is required for the fusion between @entity1053 with autophagosomes to generate the amphisome, allowing the maturation of the autophagosome, but it does not seem to be involved in the next step, i. e., fusion with the lysosome. On the other hand, we demonstrate that @entity61255 is necessary for this latter event, allowing the completion of the autophagic pathway. Furthermore, @entity61255 and ATPase NSF, a protein required for SNAREs disassembly, participate in the fusion between @entity1053 with the plasma membrane to release the internal vesicles (i.e., exosomes) into the extracellular medium.

title: @entity61255 / @entity61255 and @entity24836 / XXXX : two @entity14442 proteins involved in specific steps of the autophagy/multivesicular body pathways.

entities_list: @entity1053 :: ('MESH:D001835', 'Disease') :: ['multivesicular bodies', 'MVBs']

answer: @entity24836 :: (9341,Gene) :: ['cellubrevin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Ischemic @entity339 is associated with reduced survival after coronary artery bypass surgery. OBJECTIVES: To compare long-term survival among @entity1 undergoing coronary surgery for reduced left ventricular function and severe @entity63 MR in whom the valve was repaired, replaced, or no intervention was performed. METHODS: Eighty @entity1 with severe @entity1002 and severe MR underwent coronary bypass surgery. The mean age of the @entity1 was 65 years (range 42-82), and 63 (79%) were male. Sixty-three (79%) were in preoperative NYHA functional class III-IV (mean NYHA 3.3), and 26 (32%) were operated on an urgent/emergent basis. Coronary artery bypass surgery was performed in all @entity1 . The mitral valve was repaired in 38 and replaced in 14, and in 28 there was no intervention. The clinical profile was similar in the three groups, although @entity1 undergoing repair were slightly younger. RESULTS: Operative mortality was 15% (8%, 14%, and 25% for the repair, replacement and no intervention respectively; not significant). Long-term follow up was 100% complete, for a mean of 38 months (range 2-92). Twenty-nine @entity1 (57%) were in NYHA I-II (mean NYHA 2.3). Among the surgery survivors, late survival was improved in the repair group compared to the other groups (P < 0.05). Predictors for late mortality were non-repair of the mitral valve, residual MR, and @entity64 (P = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with severe @entity296 and severe MR undergoing coronary bypass surgery should have a mitral procedure at the time of surgery. Mitral valve repair offers a survival advantage as compared to replacement or no intervention on the valve. @entity1 with residual MR had the worst results.

title: Does mitral valve intervention have an impact on late survival in XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic cardiomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['ischemic cardiomyopathy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Few studies have examined the effects of on-treatment platelet reactivity on the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). We aimed to determine the optimal cutoff value of @entity3075 reaction units (PRUs) to prevent MACE occurring within 3days after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for @entity1187 ( @entity1187 ). METHODS: We performed post-hoc analyses of 1363 @entity1 enrolled in PRASFIT- @entity1187 , which compared the effects of a @entity3076 regimen adjusted for Japanese @entity1 (loading dose/maintenance dose: 20mg/3.75mg) with those of @entity1397 (300mg/75mg) on MACE and bleeding events for 24-48weeks after PCI in @entity1187 @entity1 . PRU was serially measured using the VerifyNow   @entity3075 assay and we assessed the relationship between PRU and MACE. RESULTS: Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that PRU  <=262 at 5-12h after @entity857 receptor antagonist loading was the optimal cutoff value for preventing MACE at up to 3days after PCI. The incidences of MACE were 5.2% and 10.8% in @entity1 with PRU  <=262 or >262, respectively (odds ratio 0.50, 95% confidence interval 0.25-0.99, p<0.01). Significantly more @entity3076 -treated @entity1 had lower on-treatment platelet reactivity (defined as PRU  <=262) compared with @entity1397 -treated @entity1 (79.9% vs. 30.4%, p<0.0001). Similar differences were observed between the @entity3076 and @entity1397 groups for @entity1 with normal or reduced-function @entity4433 alleles. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal PRU cutoff value for preventing MACE was 262 in Japanese @entity1187 @entity1 . @entity3076 rapidly reduced PRU with a large proportion of @entity1 having low on-treatment platelet reactivity.

title: Optimal cutoff value of @entity3075 reaction units to prevent major adverse cardiovascular events in the acute periprocedural period: Post-hoc analysis of the randomized PRASFIT- XXXX study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1187 :: ('MESH:D054058', 'Disease') :: ['ACS', 'acute coronary syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3076 :: ('MESH:C408153', 'Chemical') :: ['prasugrel', 'Prasugrel']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

answer: @entity1187 :: (MESH:D054058,Disease) :: ['ACS']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Recovery of motor skills following @entity64 is supported, in part, by the implicit memory system. However, attempts to guide learning commonly use explicit instructions concerning "how to" perform a movement task. The purpose of this work was to systematically investigate the impact of explicit information (EI) on implicit motor-sequence learning using the ipsilesional arm in @entity1 with damage in the @entity2500 . SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ten @entity1 with @entity64 in the MCA distribution affecting the sensorimotor cortical areas and 10 @entity1 with no known @entity73 (control @entity1 ) were randomly divided into 2 groups. One group was provided with EI and one group was not (EI and No-EI groups, respectively) as the @entity1 practiced an implicit motor-sequencing task over 3 days, with a retention test on day 4. RESULTS: A 3-way interaction demonstrated that, across days of practice, EI had opposite effects on implicit motor-sequence performance for the 2 groups. Post hoc tests confirmed that EI facilitated the performance of the control @entity1 in the EI group but interfered with the performance of the @entity1 with @entity64 in the EI group. This interference effect persisted, and was evident during the retention test in the @entity1 with @entity64 in the EI group. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Explicit information was detrimental for implicit motor-sequence learning following MCA @entity64 . Rehabilitation outcomes may benefit from consideration of @entity64 location when determining the degree to which EI can augment implicit motor skill learning.

title: Impact of explicit information on implicit motor-sequence learning following middle cerebral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'people']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['pathology or impairment']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['unilateral stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['middle cerebral artery (MCA) distribution']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['artery stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity377 binding site- @entity368 rich repeat (NBS-LRR)-encoding genes comprise the largest class of plant disease resistance genes. The 149 NBS-LRR-encoding genes and the 58 related genes that do not encode LRRs represent approximately 0.8% of all ORFs so far annotated in @entity958 ecotype Col-0. Despite their prevalence in the genome and functional importance, there was little information regarding expression of these genes. RESULTS: We analyzed the expression patterns of approximately 170 NBS-LRR-encoding and related genes in @entity958 Col-0 using multiple analytical approaches: expressed sequenced tag (EST) representation, massively parallel signature sequencing (MPSS), microarray analysis, rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR, and gene trap lines. Most of these genes were expressed at low levels with a variety of tissue specificities. Expression was detected by at least one approach for all but 10 of these genes. The expression of some but not the majority of NBS-LRR-encoding and related genes was affected by @entity3785 (SA) treatment; the response to SA varied among different accessions. An analysis of previously published microarray data indicated that ten NBS-LRR-encoding and related genes exhibited increased expression in wild-type Landsberg erecta (Ler) after flagellin treatment. Several of these ten genes also showed altered expression after SA treatment, consistent with the regulation of R gene expression during defense responses and overlap between the basal defense response and @entity3785 signaling pathways. Enhancer trap analysis indicated that neither @entity7214 nor @entity20728 ( @entity17580 ), a @entity3785 analog, induced detectable expression of the five NBS-LRR-encoding genes and one TIR-NBS-encoding gene tested; however, @entity17580 did induce detectable expression of the other TIR-NBS-encoding gene analyzed. Evidence for alternative mRNA polyadenylation sites was observed for many of the tested genes. Evidence for alternative splicing was found for at least 12 genes, 11 of which encode TIR-NBS-LRR proteins. There was no obvious correlation between expression pattern, phylogenetic relationship or genomic location of the NBS-LRR-encoding and related genes studied. CONCLUSION: Transcripts of many NBS-LRR-encoding and related genes were defined. Most were present at low levels and exhibited tissue-specific expression patterns. Expression data are consistent with most @entity958 NBS-LRR-encoding and related genes functioning in plant defense responses but do not preclude other biological roles.

title: Global expression analysis of nucleotide binding site- @entity368 rich repeat-encoding and related genes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3785 :: ('MESH:D020156', 'Chemical') :: ['salicylic acid']

entities_list: @entity7214 :: ('MESH:C011006', 'Chemical') :: ['jasmonic acid']

entities_list: @entity20728 :: ('MESH:C015700', 'Chemical') :: ['benzothiadiazole']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity958 :: ('3702', 'Species') :: ['Arabidopsis']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['Nucleotide']

answer: @entity958 :: (3702,Species) :: ['Arabidopsis']


abstract: Endopyelotomy and laparoscopic pyeloplasty are established procedures for @entity4145 ( @entity4145 ) and historically a high failure rate has been observed in poorly functioning units with @entity3885 . The aim of this study is to compare the results of laparoscopic pyeloplasty with endopyelotomy in poorly functioning renal units, i.e., GFR under 25 ml/min. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all the @entity1 who underwent either laparoscopic pyeloplasty or endopyelotomy for @entity4145 in poorly functioning units between January 1998 and June 2005 was done. Follow-up renal scans, done at three, six, 12 months and yearly thereafter, were studied. Success was defined as symptomatic relief and/ or improvement in function (10% over baseline) in renal scan. RESULTS: There were 23 @entity1 in the endopyelotomy group and 15 @entity1 in the laparoscopic pyeloplasty group with mean age of 25.3 years (9-53) and 26 years (10-44), respectively. Mean pelvic volume was 41.2 8cc +/- 9.5 and 39.1cc +/- 9.85 in the endopyelotomy group and laparoscopic pyeloplasty group, respectively. Mean preoperative GFR was 17.4 +/- 5.7 ml/min and 21 +/- 4.5 ml/min in the endopyelotomy group and laparoscopic pyeloplasty group, respectively and mean postoperative GFR was 21 +/- 3.5 ml/min and 22 +/- 3.9 ml/min, respectively. Eighteen and 11 @entity1 were symptomatic in ethe ndopyelotomy group and laparoscopic pyeloplasty group, respectively while symptomatic improvement was seen in 14 and 11 @entity1 , respectively. Mean follow-up was 12 months in the laparoscopy group and 28 months in the endopyelotomy group. Success rate was better for laparoscopic surgery group (15/15 = 100%) than for endopyelotomy (18/23 = 78.26%). CONCLUSIONS: Though the improvement in renal function is less in @entity1 with @entity4145 with poorly functioning kidneys undergoing endopyelotomy or laparoscopic pyeloplasty, laparoscopic pyeloplasty gives better results in the form of symptomatic relief; however, renal function remains stable whichever the approach chosen.

title: Comparison of endopyelotomy and laparoscopic pyeloplasty for poorly functioning kidneys with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['UPJ obstruction']

entities_list: @entity4145 :: ('MESH:C537373', 'Disease') :: ['ureteropelvic junction obstruction', 'UPJO']

answer: @entity4145 :: (MESH:C537373,Disease) :: ['ureteropelvic junction obstruction']


abstract: Postoperative supraventricular @entity591 may occur more often in @entity1 with persistent atrial activity during @entity6564 hypothermic @entity1167 . Cannulation of both venae cavae with simultaneous right atrial intra-cavitary cooling reduces atrial activity but is cumbersome. To evaluate pharmacologically-induced @entity1167 using @entity1855 , @entity162 and right atrial electrograms were recorded in 12 @entity235 during one hour of @entity6564 hypothermic @entity1167 and cardiopulmonary bypass using single caval cannula. Group I (n = 6) received @entity6564 (4 degrees C) (20 mEq/1 K+) with @entity1855 (1 mg/L) by intermittent intra-aortic infusion during systemic @entity2332 (28 degrees C). Group II (n = 6) received @entity6564 without @entity1855 . The percentage of time atrial activity was present (greater than 10 beats/min) in Group I, was significantly less than in Group II. Similarly the total number of atrial beats in Group I was less than in Group II. Recovery of normal sinus rhythm during reperfusion was prolonged in Group I in comparison to Group II. @entity1855 induces significant and persistent atrial suppression during @entity6564 hypothermic @entity1167 but prolongs recovery of normal sinus rhythm during reperfusion. It remains to be established clinically whether @entity1855 -induced atrial suppression is associated with less postoperative supraventricular @entity591 . The potential disadvantage of prolonged sinus node recovery time must also be assessed.

title: Persistent atrial activity during XXXX : suppression by @entity1855 .

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar ventricular']

entities_list: @entity1855 :: ('MESH:D014700', 'Chemical') :: ['verapamil', 'Verapamil']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['atrial arrest', 'cardioplegic arrest']

entities_list: @entity6564 :: ('MESH:D020513', 'Disease') :: ['hyperkalemic hypothermic cardioplegic solution', 'hyperkalemic', 'hyperkalemic hypothermic cardioplegia']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity1167 :: (MESH:D006323,Disease) :: ['cardioplegic arrest']


abstract: The surgical management results of recurrent @entity357 repair are unknown in the laparoscopic era. The experience of the senior authors (CJF) and (SKM) is reported herein. From 1993 to 2004, 52 @entity1 underwent re-operative @entity357 at our center. Preoperative symptoms were heartburn, @entity662 , @entity1282 , regurgitation and pulmonary manifestations of @entity354 . @entity1 had preoperative evaluation by upper endoscopy, pH-monitoring, esophagogram and manometry to assess the mechanism of failure. Pre- and postoperative symptoms were assessed utilizing a standardized questionnaire. @entity1 underwent laparoscopic repair (n=18), open laparotomy (n=6) and transthoracic surgery (n=28). Ninety-five percent follow-up was achieved with a mean follow-up of 34 months. Thirty-seven percent of @entity1 encountered para-operative complications one of them died due to @entity1576 . Five @entity1 experienced a re-recurrent @entity547 . The symptom resolution was 65% for @entity1282 , 68% for heartburn, 95% for @entity662 and 79% for regurgitation. The overall @entity1 satisfaction was 6.94 on a scale of 1-10. There was no significant difference in @entity1 outcome when comparing the operative approaches or disease process. Surgical repair of recurrent @entity357 is safe and effective. Laparoscopic surgery is an appropriate alternative approach for recurrent @entity357 repair in selected @entity1 .

title: Surgical repair of recurrent XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatal hernia', 'hiatal hernias', 'hiatal hernia surgery']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['gastroesophageal reflux disease']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity357 :: (MESH:D006551,Disease) :: ['hiatal hernia']


abstract: @entity320 @entity1 were injected with various vaccines containing a @entity5840 peptide presented by HLA- @entity6293 . Anti- @entity5840 . @entity6293 T cells were not detectable in the blood before vaccination, but their frequencies after vaccination ranged from 2 x 10(-6) to 2 x 10(-3) among the @entity404 (+) blood T lymphocytes of the @entity1 . The @entity404 (+) blood T lymphocytes that stained ex vivo with HLA- @entity6293 tetramers folded with the @entity5840 peptide were selected by flow cytometry and amplified under clonal conditions. About 5% of the @entity404 (+) T-cell clones that recognized the @entity5840 . @entity6293 antigen had a @entity2902 (+) phenotype in the resting state. These @entity2902 (+) clones had a high capacity to suppress the proliferation of another T-cell clone after peptide stimulation in vitro. Most of them had high @entity403 expression in the resting state and an unmethylated @entity403 intron 1. They produced active transforming growth factor-beta but none of cytokines @entity379 , @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ), @entity3646 , @entity225 , and @entity688 . About 20% of @entity2902 (-) clones had a significant but lower suppressive activity. Most of the @entity2902 (-) clonal populations contained cells that expressed @entity403 in the resting state, but @entity403 demethylation was not observed. We conclude that @entity5840 . @entity6293 vaccination can produce @entity404 (+) T cells that may exert regulatory T-cell function in vivo.

title: The @entity404 (+) T-cell response of XXXX @entity1 to a @entity5840 peptide vaccine involves potential regulatory T cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['Melanoma']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: With @entity750 immunocytochemistry we have demonstrated an extensive plexus of immunoreactive varicose fibres in the @entity1274 of the nervous system of the blowfly, Calliphora. These fibres are located in the @entity1274 of the following regions: the maxillary-labial and labrofrontal nerves of the cerebral ganglia, the cervical connective, the dorsal surface of the thoracicoabdominal ganglia, two pairs of prothoracic nerves and the median abdominal nerve. We identified the @entity750 -immunoreactive neural processes in the electron microscope by means of the peroxidase-antiperoxidase method. Immunoreactivity was seen in large granular vesicles (ca 100 nm), on membranes of smaller (ca 60 nm) and larger (ca 100 nm) agranular vesicles, along the inner surface of the axolemma, along neurotubules and outer membranes of mitochondria. By conventional electron microscopy we found numerous varicose neural processes in the @entity1274 of some of the above regions. These varicosities are of at least two types. One type corresponds to the @entity750 -immunoreactive profiles. A second type contains large granular vesicles (ca 200 nm) of variable electron density. @entity1128 injected into the head capsule labelled varicosities in the @entity1274 , corresponding to the ones identified with @entity750 immunocytochemistry. The electron-dense labelling was seen in flattened vesicles within these varicosities. We propose that the @entity750 -immunoreactive fibers in the @entity1274 constitute neurohemal regions for the release of @entity750 into the circulation. The finding of another morphological type of varicose fibers in the @entity1274 suggests the presence of further putative neurohormones in these regions.

title: Serotonergic terminals in the XXXX of the blowfly nervous system: electron microscopical immunocytochemistry and @entity1128 labelling.

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['neural sheath']

entities_list: @entity1128 :: ('MESH:D015116', 'Chemical') :: ['5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity1274 :: (MESH:D006319,Disease) :: ['neural sheath']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether the addition of low-dose @entity172 -P combination hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to GnRH agonist (GnRH-a) treatment for @entity46 reduces the pharmacologic side effects of such treatment without reducing efficacy and to determine the endocrinologic changes during treatment. DESIGN: Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, comparative study of two drug regimens: 3.6 mg @entity10925 in a 28-day SC depot formulation once monthly for 6 months plus either a combination of 2 mg 17 beta-E2 and 1 mg @entity5709 (NET) 1 mg or matching placebo tablets once daily for 6 months. SETTING: Multicenter study in three tertiary referral centers at university teaching hospitals and two central hospitals. @entity1 : @entity1 with laparoscopically confirmed symptomatic @entity46 were included in the study. RESULTS: Of the total of 109 @entity1 screened, 93 were recruited and 88 @entity1 were randomized to either the HRT or the placebo group. Four @entity1 were withdrawn because of various medical reasons, and 76 @entity1 were followed-up for a total of 12 months. In terms of efficacy, there was no difference between the two drug regimens for objective or subjective response. There were significantly less @entity1109 in the @entity1 treated with goserelin plus HRT compared with those treated with @entity10925 plus placebo. CONCLUSION: Goserelin diminished significantly the symptoms and laparoscopic scores of @entity46 . The addition of HRT did not reduce the efficacy of goserelin but diminished the @entity1109 during treatment.

title: Comparison of the gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist @entity10925 alone versus goserelin combined with @entity172 -progestogen add-back therapy in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity10925 :: ('MESH:D017273', 'Chemical') :: ['goserelin', 'goserelin acetate']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['postmenopausal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity5709 :: ('MESH:C024262', 'Chemical') :: ['norethisterone acetate']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity46 :: (MESH:D004715,Disease) :: ['endometriosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity9465 is a chronic inflammatory disease of unknown origin, characterised by @entity1274 , @entity3170 , and @entity1333 . An autoimmune origin has been suggested but not proven. Our aim was to establish whether or not an autoimmune process is the cause of the disease. METHODS: We used pooled IgG immunoglobulins derived from eight @entity1 with @entity9465 to screen a random peptide library to identify disease relevant autoantigen peptides. Among the identified peptides, one was recognised by all the patients' sera. Antibodies against peptides were affinity purified from @entity1 ' sera and used to characterise the autoantigen, to stain @entity1 cochlea, and to transfer the features of @entity9465 into animals. FINDINGS: We identified an immunodominant peptide that shows similarity with autoantigens such as SSA/Ro and with the reovirus III major core protein lambda 1. The peptide sequence shows similarity also with the cell-density enhanced protein @entity4149 phosphatase-1 ( @entity44751 / @entity44751 ), which is expressed on the sensory epithelia of the inner ear and on endothelial cells. IgG antibodies against the peptide, purified from the @entity1 ' sera, recognised autoantigens and @entity44751 / @entity44751 protein, bound @entity1 cochlea, and inhibited proliferation of cells expressing @entity44751 / @entity44751 . The same antibodies bound @entity3492 , gene mutations of which lead to @entity389 . Furthermore, these antibodies were able to induce the features of @entity9465 in @entity19 . INTERPRETATION: Our results indicate that @entity9465 is an @entity792 , characterised by the presence of autoantibodies able to induce tissue damage on binding of cell-surface molecules present on the sensory epithelia of the inner ear and on endothelial cells.

title: Autoantibodies to inner ear and endothelial antigens in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'human']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity389 :: ('MESH:D007759', 'Disease') :: ['congenital inner-ear deafness']

entities_list: @entity9465 :: ('MESH:D055952', 'Disease') :: ["Cogan's disease", "Cogan's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune disease']

entities_list: @entity3170 :: ('MESH:D015423', 'Disease') :: ['episcleritis']

answer: @entity9465 :: (MESH:D055952,Disease) :: ['Cogan's syndrome']


abstract: We evaluated the ability of human @entity1701 ( @entity1701 ) O6 immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM antibodies to protect @entity19 challenged with @entity526 serotype O6:K2ac. Purified whole IgG, commercial gammaglobulin, whole IgM-effluent, pool of normal human serum (NHS), agammaglobulinaemic serum (test groups) or @entity1391 -buffered saline (control group) was injected into adult male 18 h before a challenge with viable O6 @entity526 . The mortality rate was assessed over a period of 72 h. To determine the opsonic and phagocytic activity of the antibody isotypes, we incubated peritoneal macrophages from the control and test groups collected at different times after challenge with the live bacteria with @entity8574 orange for fluorescent analysis. Tumour @entity39 factor ( @entity637 and @entity777 were quantified in serum of both the test and control groups. All @entity19 that received commercial gammaglobulin or NHS survived. Purified whole IgG (containing 1.1 mg/l of anti- @entity1701 O6 IgG antibodies) protected 87.5% of the animals tested in this experiment, while whole IgM-enriched effluent with 1.5 mg/l of anti- @entity1701 O6 IgM antibodies protected only 12.5%. The agamma serum showed no protective capacity compared with PBS (serving as control). The minimal concentration of anti- @entity1701 O6 IgG antibodies able to protect 50% of animals was 0.137 mg/l of purified whole IgG. Whole IgM-enriched effluent showed no protective capacity independently of the concentration tested (0.048-17.0 mg/l of anti- @entity1701 O6 IgM antibodies). Fluorescent analysis of peritoneal macrophages from animals pretreated with purified whole IgG showed no bacteria at 8 h after the challenge. By contrast, whole IgM effluent showed an increasing number of live bacteria at the same time. @entity19 that had received whole IgM effluent (1.5 mg/l of anti- @entity1701 O6 IgM antibodies) before the challenge with @entity1701 O6 presented 20.5 microg/l of @entity61268 .5 microg/l of @entity637 . Serum from animals pretreated with purified IgG did not present any detectable pro-inflammatory cytokine. Our findings suggest that IgG but not IgM antibodies protect animals from a challenge with @entity526 O6 serotype.

title: Human IgG but not IgM antibodies can protect @entity19 from the challenge with live O6 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8574 :: ('CHEBI:36420', 'Chemical') :: ['acridine']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['anti-lipopolysaccharide', 'LPS']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphate']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Abnormally low plasma levels of @entity7447 ( @entity7447 ) have been found in @entity1 with @entity0 . OBJECTIVE: A prospective study of @entity1 with @entity320 was conducted to assess the usefulness of @entity7447 plasma levels in predicting the risk of @entity3 and the duration of the @entity3 -free interval. METHODS: Between January 1997 and August 2004, plasma @entity7447 levels were measured with high-performance liquid chromatography in 117 consecutive @entity320 @entity1 without clinical or instrumental evidence of @entity3 according to American Joint Committee on @entity5 criteria and in 125 matched volunteers without clinically suspect @entity66 . @entity1 taking @entity7447 or @entity165 -lowering medications and those with a diagnosis of @entity6 were excluded from the study. Multiple statistical methods were used to evaluate differences between @entity1 and control subjects and between @entity1 who did (32.5%) and did not (67.5%) develop @entity3 during follow-up. RESULTS: @entity7447 levels were significantly lower in @entity1 than in control subjects (t test: P < .0001) and in @entity1 who developed @entity3 than in the @entity3 -free subgroup (t test: P < .0001). Logistic regression analysis indicated that plasma @entity7447 levels were a significant predictor of @entity3 (P = .0013). The odds ratio for @entity3 in @entity1 with @entity7447 levels that were less than 0.6 mg/L (the low-end value of the range measured in a normal population) was 7.9, and the @entity3 -free interval was almost double in @entity1 with @entity7447 levels 0.6 mg/L or higher (Kaplan-Meier analysis: P < .001). LIMITATIONS: A study with a larger sample, which is currently being recruited, and a longer follow-up will doubtlessly increase the statistical power and enable survival statistics to be obtained. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis of our findings suggests that baseline plasma @entity7447 levels are a powerful and independent prognostic factor that can be used to estimate the risk for @entity320 progression.

title: Low plasma @entity7447 levels as an independent prognostic factor for XXXX progression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['cancer of the breast, lung, or pancreas']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pigmented lesions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases', 'metastatic disease']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['melanoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with upper and lower airway symptoms and with pronounced sensitivity to chemical odours, such as perfumes, flower scents and @entity286 smoke, have been suggested to have sensory hyperreactivity (SHR). The symptoms have been difficult to identify with physiological measurements and the effects of various medications are doubtful. However, these @entity1 have been found to be more sensitive to inhalation of @entity2951 than healthy @entity1 . The aim of this study was to establish limit values with the @entity2951 inhalation test in @entity1 with SHR. METHODS: Ninety-five consecutive @entity1 with upper and lower airway problems, who were admitted for @entity566 testing, underwent a @entity2951 inhalation test with three different concentrations. The number of coughs was registered during each challenge. Score systems were used for symptoms and influence on social life of sensitivity to odours. In relation to scored symptoms, the @entity1 were grouped as SHR or not, and compared with 73 healthy controls. RESULTS: All @entity1 and controls coughed on @entity2951 in a dose-dependent manner. Symptom score of odour sensitivity in @entity1 was positively correlated to the response of the test. Out of 95 @entity1 , 15 (16%) were scored to SHR. @entity1 with SHR reacted more to the @entity2951 inhalation test than the other @entity1 and the healthy controls. The limit values for a positive @entity2951 inhalation test for the SHR were determined to be 10, 35 and 55 coughs at 0.4, 2.0 and 10 microM @entity2951 , respectively. CONCLUSION: The @entity2951 inhalation test well reflects the degree of airway sensitivity to chemicals and to what extent the social life is influenced. The cut-off values of the test can distinguish @entity1 with pronounced sensitivity to odours.

title: XXXX inhalation test for identification of sensory hyperreactivity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

answer: @entity2951 :: (MESH:D002211,Chemical) :: ['Capsaicin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Macrophages have been implicated in the pathogenesis of classical @entity978 (cHL) and have been suggested to have a negative impact on outcome. Most studies addressing the role of macrophages in cHL have relied on identification of macrophages by generic macrophage antigens, e.g., @entity469 . We have therefore conducted an in situ analysis of macrophage polarization in a series of 100 pediatric cHL (pcHL) cases using double staining immunohistochemistry, combining @entity469 or @entity11772 with pSTAT1 (M1-like) or @entity16408 (M2-like). M1- or M2-polarised microenvironment was defined by an excess of one population over the other (>1.5). Expression of @entity6897 and @entity16977 genes was also evaluated by RT-qPCR. @entity1 <14 years and EBV+ cases displayed higher numbers of @entity469 +pSTAT1+ cells than older @entity1 and EBV- cases, respectively (P=0.01 and P=0.02). A cytotoxic @entity5 microenvironment, defined by a CD8+/ @entity403 + ratio >1.5 was associated with higher numbers of @entity469 +pSTAT1+ (P=0.025) and @entity11772 +pSTAT1+ macrophages (P<0.0005). Levels of @entity6897 and @entity16977 expression were associated with the numbers of @entity469 +pSTAT1+ macrophages. EBV+ cHL cases disclosed a predominant M1 polarized microenvironment similar to Th1 mediated inflammatory disorders, while EBV- cHL showed a predominant M2 polarized microenvironment closer to Th2 mediated inflammatory diseases. Better overall-survival (OS) was observed in cases with higher numbers of @entity11772 +pSTAT1+ macrophages (P=0.02) while larger numbers of @entity11772 + @entity16408 + macrophages were associated with worse progression-free survival (PFS) (P=0.02). Predominant M1-like polarization as disclosed by @entity11772 +pSTAT1+/ @entity11772 + @entity16408 + ratio > 1.5 was associated with better OS (P= 0.037). In conclusion, macrophage polarization in pcHL correlates with prevalent local T cell response and may be influenced by the EBV-status of neoplastic cells. Besides, M1-like and M2-like macrophages displayed differential effects on outcome in pcHL.

title: Macrophage Polarization Reflects T Cell Composition of @entity5 Microenvironment in Pediatric XXXX and Has Impact on Survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ['Hodgkin lymphoma']

answer: @entity978 :: (MESH:D006689,Disease) :: ['Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic results of superselective uterine artery infusion and embolization in 40 @entity1 with fallopian tube ectopic pregnancy, and to explore the role of this minimally invasive treatment as an alternative to surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Superselective catheterization of uterine artery through cannulation of femoral artery was achieved in 40 @entity1 with fallopian tube ectopic pregnancy (EP). Location of the lesions involved feeding arteries and active @entity548 were observed through angiography. @entity1499 ( @entity1500 ) diluted in saline water was slowly infused into the target artery. Small gelatin spongy particles were used to embolize the uterine artery until its branches were totally obliterated. Follow-up was undertaken to observe the results of the treatment. RESULTS: Superselective uterine arterial infusion and embolization were successfully performed in all 40 @entity1 without any related complications. Active @entity548 in the peritoneum in 33 cases ceased soon after embolization. The embryos in 13 @entity1 were confirmed to have died by ultrasound three days after the procedure. Beta- @entity1 chorionic gonadotropin ((beta-hCG) value dropped to below 15 IU/L at three to 21 days. @entity548 in the peritoneum dissolved after seven days in all cases. Mixed @entity2402 after one month. Hysterosalpingography was performed three months after the procedure in 19 @entity1 and patent fallopians were demonstrated in 16 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: Superselective uterine arterial infusion and emboliztion is a minimally invasive procedure, which can be used to effectively treat EP by disabling the ectopic embryo and leaking arteries with the advantages of preserving the fallopian tubes.

title: Superselective uterine arterial embolization combined with transcatheter intra-arterial XXXX infusion in 40 cases with fallopian tube ectopic pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2402 :: ('MESH:D010015', 'Disease') :: ['mass disappeared']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'Hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['Methotrexate']

answer: @entity1499 :: (MESH:D008727,Chemical) :: ['methotrexate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2696 is a @entity5 of the orbit with a propensity for recurrent @entity548 . These @entity5 may be difficult to diagnose in young @entity1 who present with @entity2459 due to @entity548 into a previously unrecognized lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be ideally suited for evaluating @entity2696 due to the unique ability of MRI to characterize @entity548 because of the paramagnetic qualities of hemoglobin. METHODS: The authors performed T1-, T2-, and proton density-weighted MRI on 12 @entity1 with @entity2694 . Six @entity1 underwent MRI with @entity7241 contrast enhancement. The MRI studies were performed using a 1.5 Tesla super-conducting magnetic resonance unit, except for 3 early studies performed with a 0.5 Tesla unit. All studies were performed with orbital surface coil imaging. Computed tomography (CT) was performed in 10 @entity1 . RESULTS: Tumor was visible on MRI in all 12 @entity1 . Magnetic resonance imaging delineated clearly the internal structure of subacute and chronic @entity548 , and differentiated between these @entity5 because of the different paramagnetic qualities of subacute @entity548 compared to chronic @entity548 . In two @entity1 , MRI detected large @entity5 feeding vessels by the flow void phenomenon unique to MRI. Computed tomography did not detect these vessels. @entity2287 -contrasted T1-weighted MRI did not further delineate or characterize the @entity5 . CONCLUSION: Magnetic resonance imaging is the modality of choice for imaging @entity2694 because of its unequalled differentiation of @entity548 , and its unique ability to detect @entity5 feeding vessels by the flow void phenomenon.

title: Magnetic resonance imaging of @entity2694 with and without XXXX contrast enhancement.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic cysts', 'hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'vascular tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity7241 :: ('MESH:D019786', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium-DTPA']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital lymphangioma']

entities_list: @entity2696 :: ('MESH:D008202', 'Disease') :: ['Lymphangioma', 'lymphangioma']

entities_list: @entity2287 :: ('MESH:D005682', 'Chemical') :: ['Gadolinium']

entities_list: @entity2459 :: ('MESH:D003639', 'Disease') :: ['sudden proptosis']

answer: @entity2287 :: (MESH:D005682,Chemical) :: ['gadolinium']


abstract: Differences in the functional status of platelets in vitro were compared between young adult @entity1 and @entity1 . Platelets in @entity1 were found to have a higher susceptibility to @entity857 , @entity1425 , @entity1426 and to produce more TXB2. These changes appear to be due to the declined hematocrit and thus to lower concentrations of @entity4958 , a commonly used anticoagulant. Platelet activity was conversely related to plasma @entity4958 . Since @entity12374 was found to offset the inhibitory effect of @entity4958 , it was assumed that the sex-related differences observed in platelet activity were due to varied levels of ionized @entity460 . The platelet activity was at equal values of hematocrit equal in both sexes. (Tab. 3, Ref. 19.).

title: [Functional status of thrombocytes in @entity1 and XXXX in younger age groups].

entities_list: @entity4958 :: ('MESH:C102006', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium citrate']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity1426 :: ('MESH:D016718', 'Chemical') :: ['arachidonic acid']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity12374 :: ('MESH:D002122', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium chloride']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of a novel robotic tissue ablation system (PROCEPT Aquablation(   ) System), in performing prostate ablation in a survival @entity235 model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This novel technology uses a high-velocity saline stream that aims to selectively ablate prostatic glandular tissue while sparing collagenous structures such as blood vessels and capsule. Once the ablation is complete, a laser beam is captured by a low-pressure water jet to produce surface hemostasis. The extent and depth of ablation is predetermined by endoscopic and transrectal ultrasonography guidance. The procedure was performed in eight noncastrated male beagles aged 6 years or older (Acute 2, Chronic 6) through a previously created perineal urethrostomy. RESULTS: Aquablation time ranged from 40 to 84 seconds (mean 60.5   sec). There was no active @entity548 in any of the @entity235 during or after Aquablation. Water jet-guided laser coagulation was used for purposes of monitoring its safety and efficacy. Five of the six @entity235 reached the predetermined 6-week mark. Complications included two @entity235 with @entity281 successfully treated with antibiotics, a false passage created during catheter placement, and two bladder neck perforations (from mechanical insertion), one leading to euthanasia. Histologic evaluation at 6 weeks revealed a normal cellular architecture and full reepithelialization of the treatment cavity. CONCLUSIONS: We report the initial survival data in the animal model of a novel robotic device developed for managing symptomatic @entity1067 ( @entity1067 ). Aquablation produces ablation of adenomatous elements while preserving collagenous structures and is a promising technology for surgical management of symptomatic @entity1067 .

title: Image-guided robot-assisted prostate ablation using water jet-hydrodissection: initial study of a novel technology for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity1067 :: ('MESH:D011470', 'Disease') :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia', 'BPH']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

answer: @entity1067 :: (MESH:D011470,Disease) :: ['benign prostatic hyperplasia']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In the present study we evaluated changes in the B cell phenotype in peripheral blood and bone marrow (BM) of @entity1 with @entity309 ( @entity309 ) following anti- @entity2225 treatment using rituximab. METHODS: Blood and BM samples were obtained from 37 @entity1 with @entity309 prior to rituximab treatment. Ten of these @entity1 were resampled 1 month following rituximab, 14 @entity1 after 3 months and the remaining 13 @entity1 were included in the long-term follow up. B cell populations were characterized by @entity2731 /IgD/ @entity3053 / @entity11707 expression. RESULTS: One and three months following rituximab BM retained up to 30% of B cells while circulation was totally depleted of B cells. Analysis of the remaining BM B cells showed prevalence of immature and/or transitional B cells ( @entity3053 ++ @entity11707 ++) and @entity2731 +IgD- memory cells, while IgD+ cells were completely depleted. A significant reduction of @entity2731 + cells in BM and in circulation was observed long after rituximab treatment (mean 22 months), while levels of naive B cells in BM and in circulation were increased. The levels of rheumatoid factor decline after rituximab treatment but returned to baseline levels at the time of retreatment. CONCLUSIONS: Anti- @entity2225 treatment achieves a depletion of IgD+ B cells shortly after the treatment. At the long term follow up, a reduction of @entity2731 + B cells was observed in blood and BM. The prolonged inability to up-regulate @entity2731 may inhibit the renewal of memory B cells. This reduction of @entity2731 + B cells does not prevent autoantibody production suggesting that mechanisms regulating the formation of auto reactive clones are not disrupted by rituximab.

title: Short- and long-term effects of anti- @entity2225 treatment on B cell ontogeny in bone marrow of @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: Over the years many laboratory factors have been studied with a view to predicting the course of @entity135 . The lack of success prompted the application of various measures of cell kinetics to this topic. The present study includes 79 @entity1 with a proven @entity957 of the @entity135 at various sites and having various treatments. Ki67 staining was carried out using the avidin- @entity1885 complex method and counts recorded per 1000 @entity5 cells. The @entity1 ' mean age was 61 years and the 5 year survival was 54% (95% CI, 29-73%). The median Ki67 index was 278 representing the number of cells stained positively per 1000 @entity5 cells. The minimum staining was 82 and the maximum 808 with a lower quartile of 95 and an upper quartile of 452. The Ki67 index failed to correlate with any host or @entity5 factors. In addition, median Ki67 values were not significantly different between irradiated tissue and non-irradiated tissue, between sites nor between @entity1 who did and did not later develop lymph-node @entity3 . Of particular relevance is that Ki67 value did not correlate with survival. Data was further analysed using Cox's proportional hazards model for survival. Ki67 had no significant effect on survival. It is concluded that Ki67 index is of no value in predicting the course of @entity957 of the @entity135 .

title: Has the cellular proliferation marker Ki67 any clinical relevance in XXXX of the @entity135 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck', 'head and neck cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: Predicted future increases in global temperature may impose challenges for ectothermic animals like fish, but the physiological mechanisms determining the critical thermal maximum (CTmax) are not well understood. One hypothesis suggests that impaired cardiac performance, limited by @entity26 supply, is an important underlying mechanism. Since vagal @entity1168 is suggested to improve cardiac oxygenation and adrenergic stimulation may improve cardiac contractility and protect cardiac function at high temperatures, we predicted that pharmacological blockade of cardiac autonomic control would lower CTmax. @entity5660 was instrumented with a flow probe and a ventilation catheter for cardioventilatory recordings and exposed to an acute thermal challenge until CTmax following selective pharmacological blockade of muscarinic or b-adrenergic receptors. Contrary to our prediction, CTmax (~26  C) was unchanged between treatments. While b-adrenergic blockade reduced heart rate it did not impair cardiac @entity64 volume across temperatures suggesting that compensatory increases in cardiac filling pressure may serve to maintain cardiac output. While warming resulted in significant @entity591 and @entity5691 , a high cholinergic tone on the heart was observed at temperatures approaching CTmax. This may represent a mechanism to maintain scope for heart rate and possibly to improve myocardial contractility and @entity26 supply at high temperatures. This is the first study evaluating the importance of autonomic cardiac control on thermal tolerance in fish. While no effects on CTmax were observed, this study raises important questions about the underlying mechanisms determining thermal tolerance limits in ectothermic animals.

title: Effects of autonomic blockade on acute thermal tolerance and cardioventilatory performance in @entity5660 , XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5660 :: ('8022', 'Species') :: ['Rainbow trout']

entities_list: @entity5691 :: ('MESH:D016534', 'Disease') :: ['increased cardiac output']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

answer: @entity5660 :: (8022,Species) :: ['Oncorhynchus mykiss']


abstract: @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ) have been estimated to implicate approximately 1% of @entity1 with arterial @entity385 . However, previously published studies are mostly retrospective or based on case reports or small series in selected young @entity1 . We herein prospectively included consecutive @entity1 with MRI-confirmed cerebral arterial @entity1188 among individuals admitted in our @entity64 unit during a 32 month period to determine the clinical and neuroradiological features of @entity385 due to @entity1503 . @entity1 with both @entity1503 and other identified sources of @entity64 were excluded. Among @entity1 who were admitted for suspected @entity64 , 590 had diffusion-weighted MRI confirmed acute arterial @entity1188 . Cause of the @entity385 was @entity1503 in 13 @entity1 (2.2%): @entity6961 (n=4), @entity1582 (1), @entity706 (1), @entity1072 (1), disseminated @entity5642 (2), @entity2106 (1), @entity1701 (2) and homozygous Q506 factor V mutation associated with @entity4555 (1). The @entity1503 were previously known in 6 @entity1 . The only significant difference between the groups of @entity1 with or without @entity1503 was the prevalence of multiple acute @entity1188 in different vascular territories, detected in 53.8% of @entity1 with @entity1503 versus 7.8% of @entity1 without @entity1503 (mostly due to @entity731 , small vessel disease or cardioembolism) (p<0.0001; Fisher exact test). Initial treatment in @entity64 unit included anticoagulation, @entity230 , chemotherapy, phlebotomy or plasmatic exchanges, according to etiology. Rankin score at six months was  <=2 in 8 @entity1 . A large spectrum of @entity1503 can be associated with @entity385 . In the etiologic work up, @entity1503 should be particularly looked for in @entity1 with multifocal acute @entity1188 to adapt specific therapeutic management.

title: @entity1503 related XXXX are mostly multifocal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

entities_list: @entity1701 :: ('MESH:D016736', 'Disease') :: ['antiphospholipid antibody syndrome']

entities_list: @entity2106 :: ('MESH:D011697', 'Disease') :: ['thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Hematological disorders', 'HD', 'hematological diseases']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma']

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarctions', 'infarcts']

entities_list: @entity4555 :: ('MESH:C531622', 'Disease') :: ['lupus anticoagulant']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity6961 :: ('MESH:D009196', 'Disease') :: ['myeloproliferative disorders']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['cerebral infarctions']