abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity39 of dental origin is a serious disease and requires prompt and effective management to avoid adverse outcomes. The purpose of this work is to describe the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties encountered in this condition. METHODS: This was a prospective study in the thoracic surgery department of Mali Hospital from January 2011  to February 2015. We collected consecutively 19  cases of complicating cervico-facial @entity2688 of dental origin. The anatomical and clinical aspects, therapeutic modalities and difficulties are described. RESULTS: @entity158 and @entity221 were the predominant symptoms followed by cervical @entity4 . Chest CT-scan was the basis for the diagnosis in all cases. Cervicotomy with debridement was the most performed surgical procedure. Pleural drainage was performed in 6  cases. Three @entity1 (15.8%) died. CONCLUSION: @entity39 of dental origin is a serious disease with high morbidity and mortality. The key radiological examination is the thoracic CT-scan. Early medico-surgical management by emergency care, tailored antibiotic therapy, removal of necrotizing tissues and drainage of collections are required to deliver a good outcome.

title: [Necrotizing cervico-facial XXXX of dental origin in a developing country].

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['Necrotizing cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Dental pain']

answer: @entity2688 :: (MESH:D002481,Disease) :: ['cellulitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the expression of @entity687 in lung tissues from @entity1 with @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) and its association with stages of @entity1030 . METHODS: The levels of mRNA and protein of @entity687 were measured with semi-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in @entity1 with mild @entity1030 (n=21), @entity1 with advanced @entity1030 (n=15), and controls (n=15). The correlations between @entity687 levels and stages of @entity1030 , lung function (FEV1/ FVC%, FEV1% pred) and cigarette smoking were analyzed with Pearson correlation analysis. RESULTS: The levels of @entity687 mRNA and protein in the lung tissues of @entity1030 @entity1 were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The @entity1 with advanced @entity1030 had higher levels of @entity687 mRNA and protein than the @entity1 with mild @entity1030 (P<0.05). The @entity1030 @entity1 who smoked had higher levels of @entity687 mRNA and protein than those who did not smoke (P<0.05). But no significant differences in the levels of @entity687 mRNA and protein were found between smokers and and nonsmokers who did not have @entity1030 (P>0.05). Increased expression of @entity687 in @entity1 with @entity1030 was positively correlated with stages of @entity1030 (r=0.81, P<0.05); negatively correlated with lung function (FEV1/FVC%, FEV1% pred) (r=-0.62, -0.56, P<0.05), and positively correlated with volumes of cigarette smoking (r=0.53, P<0.05). CONCLUSION: @entity687 is associated with stages of @entity1030 , which may serve as an indication for clinical progress. Cigarette smoking increases @entity687 expression in the lung tissues of @entity1030 @entity1 .

title: [Association between XXXX in lung tissues and stages of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity687 :: (3576,Gene) :: ['interleukin-8']


abstract: It has been demonstrated that BMPs, IGFs, and TGFbetas improve the process of bone healing in vivo. We have suggested the use of gene therapy as a possible way to deliver growth factors to @entity174 sites in order to improve repair. The aim of this study was to develop a minimally invasive gene therapy approach to treat @entity79 locally without damaging the local blood circulation. @entity1347 .3 cm was created in the diaphysis of the femur in mature NZW @entity95 . Internal fixation with 7-hole DCP plates and 2.7 mm screws was used to stabilize the bone. After building a chamber by tightly closing the muscles around the segmental defect, 0.5 ml of either saline solution or a collagen gel containing 1 x 10(10) particles of adenovirus carrying cDNA encoding either the @entity7791 gene (LacZ), or the firefly luciferase gene were injected into the gap. The control side received 0.5 ml of saline solution without virus particles. Bone marrow, cortical and trabecular bone and surrounding muscle were harvested from the injected femur and were analyzed for local gene expression through X-gal staining or measurement of local luciferase activity. To determine whether distant sites were transduced, tissue from the spleen, liver, and lung were harvested as well as bone, bone marrow and muscle from the contralateral diaphysis of the femur. The delivery of the adenoviral vector suspended in saline solution led to local transduction of the bone, bone marrow and the muscle surrounding the gap. No luciferase activity was found in the contralateral femur, lung, or spleen, and only transient luciferase activity was seen in the liver. While marker gene expression persisted within the surrounding soft tissues for at least 2 weeks, the expression in bone lasted up to 6 weeks. This study has shown that it is possible to use adenoviral vectors to transfer and express genes locally within a segmental defect. Gene expression persisted for several weeks, which may be already sufficient to accelerate repair.

title: A gene therapy approach to accelerating bone healing. Evaluation of gene expression in a New Zealand white XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity7791 :: ('MESH:D016537', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial beta-galactosidase']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['A segmental defect of 1']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone injuries']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for locally advanced @entity189 ( @entity189 ). We conducted a phase II trial using @entity1311 , @entity1487 and @entity1862 concurrent with radiation (TFHX). @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty-nine @entity1 with locally advanced @entity189 were treated with CRT consisting of 4-day continuous infusions of @entity1311 (20 mg/m(2)/d) and @entity1487 (600 mg/m(2)/d), and oral @entity1862 500 mg bid for nine doses, every 3 weeks concurrent with radiotherapy (RT). RT consisted of once daily 200cGy fractions 5 times per week to a total of 7000cGy. RESULTS: Complete response was seen in 86% and 71% of @entity1 at 4 and 12 months after CRT. The median follow-up was 34 months. Twenty-three @entity1 experienced relapse. Sixteen @entity204 occurred: 13 from progressive disease. Three-year overall survival and progression-free survival were 72% and 54% respectively, with locoregional and distant control rates of 83% and 64% at 3 years respectively. Grade 3 to 4 acute @entity137 included @entity33 in 81% of @entity1 treated, @entity1909 in 63%, @entity353 in 32%, and @entity1398 in 22%. @entity221 was seen in 14%. There were no treatment-related @entity204 from acute @entity137 . CONCLUSIONS: TFHX is shown to be feasible in @entity189 . Non-cross resistant induction chemotherapy should be further studied with this regimen.

title: @entity1311 , @entity1487 and XXXX concurrent with radiation in locally advanced @entity189 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'toxicities']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1862 :: ('MESH:D006918', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyurea']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['Neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['oropharyngeal mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['nasopharyngeal carcinoma', 'NPC']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity1487 :: ('MESH:D005472', 'Chemical') :: ['5-fluorouracil']

answer: @entity1862 :: (MESH:D006918,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyurea']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) carrying a mutation in the @entity470 ( @entity470 ) gene show unprecedented sensitivity to @entity4562 or @entity3866 . CASE REPORTS: We present the follow-up data of 2 @entity470 mutation-positive stage IV @entity1149 @entity1 who received upfront 250 mg @entity4562 daily, then underwent potentially curative surgery, and resumed @entity4562 therapy in the adjuvant setting. @entity1 1 was diagnosed with a rightsided @entity420 of the @entity1315 with multiple @entity3 to the middle lobe. After 2 months of @entity4562 treatment, only a small @entity75 was seen, and a bilobectomy with lymph node dissection was performed. The @entity1 remained disease-free during a scheduled 12-month adjuvant therapy but relapsed 9 weeks after cessation of this treatment. @entity1 2 presented with @entity420 of the lower lobe of the right lung and a single @entity3 to the left adrenal. After 3 months of receiving @entity4562 , the @entity3 was no longer detectable, and the @entity5 was significantly reduced. Surgery included lobectomy and adrenalectomy. This @entity1 relapsed with @entity3 in the remaining adrenal 4 months after the start of adjuvant therapy. CONCLUSION: @entity4562 can be used preoperatively for the management of advanced @entity470 mutation-positive @entity1149 . It remains to be established whether surgical intervention indeed renders survival advantage for this category of @entity1 .

title: Down-staging of @entity470 mutation-positive advanced lung carcinoma with XXXX followed by surgical intervention: follow-up of two cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity4562 :: ('MESH:C419708', 'Chemical') :: ['Gefitinib', 'gefitinib']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['primary lesion']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['primary tumor']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'Non-small cell lung carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['upper lobe']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3866 :: ('MESH:C400278', 'Chemical') :: ['erlotinib']

answer: @entity4562 :: (MESH:C419708,Chemical) :: ['gefitinib']


abstract: AIM: Assess the pharmacodynamics of lixisenatide once daily (QD) versus liraglutide QD in type 2 @entity6 insufficiently controlled on @entity2449 . METHODS: In this 28-day, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, multicentre study (NCT01175473), @entity1 (mean HbA1c 7.3%) received subcutaneous lixisenatide QD (10     g weeks 1-2, then 20     g; n   =   77) or liraglutide QD (0.6   mg week 1, 1.2   mg week 2, then 1.8   mg; n   =   71) 30   min before breakfast. Primary endpoint was change in postprandial plasma @entity413 (PPG) exposure from baseline to day 28 during a breakfast test meal. RESULTS: Lixisenatide reduced PPG significantly more than liraglutide [mean change in AUC(0:30-4:30h) : -12.6 vs. -4.0   h  mmol/L, respectively; p   <   0.0001 (0:30   h   =   start of meal)]. Change in maximum PPG excursion was -3.9   mmol/l vs. -1.4   mmol/l, respectively (p   <   0.0001). More lixisenatide-treated @entity1 achieved 2-h PPG <7.8   mmol/l (69% vs. 29%). Changes in fasting plasma glucose were greater with liraglutide (-0.3 vs. -1.3   mmol/l, p   <   0.0001). Lixisenatide provided greater decreases in postprandial glucagon (p   <   0.05), insulin (p   <   0.0001) and @entity2690 (p   <   0.0001). Mean HbA1c decreased in both treatment groups (from 7.2% to 6.9% with lixisenatide vs. 7.4% to 6.9% with liraglutide) as did body weight (-1.6   kg vs. -2.4   kg, respectively). Overall incidence of adverse events was lower with lixisenatide (55%) versus liraglutide (65%), with no serious events or hypoglycaemia reported. CONCLUSIONS: Once daily prebreakfast lixisenatide provided a significantly greater reduction in PPG (AUC) during a morning test meal versus prebreakfast liraglutide. Lixisenatide provided significant decreases in postprandial insulin, @entity2690 (vs. an increase with liraglutide) and glucagon, and better gastrointestinal tolerability than liraglutide.

title: Pharmacodynamic characteristics of lixisenatide once daily versus liraglutide once daily in @entity1 with type 2 XXXX insufficiently controlled on @entity2449 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['metformin']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A complete explanation of the mechanisms by which @entity10781 exerts toxic effects on developmental central nervous system remains unknown. @entity2227 is critical to the developing brain through various subtypes of ionotropic or metabotropic @entity2227 receptors (mGluRs). Ionotropic @entity1024 receptors have been considered as a principal target in lead-induced @entity2359 . The relationship between @entity9445 / @entity10384 and synaptic plasticity had been verified by many recent studies. The present study aimed to examine the role of @entity9445 / @entity10384 in lead-induced @entity2359 . METHODS: Twenty-four adult and female @entity35 were randomly selected and placed on control or 0.2% @entity10222 during gestation and lactation. Blood lead and hippocampal lead levels of pups were analyzed at weaning to evaluate the actual lead content at the end of the exposure. Impairments of short -term memory and long-term memory of pups were assessed by tests using Morris water maze and by detection of hippocampal ultrastructural alterations on electron microscopy. The impact of lead exposure on @entity9445 and @entity10384 mRNA expression in hippocampal tissue of pups were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and its potential role in lead @entity2359 were discussed. RESULTS: Lead levels of blood and hippocampi in the lead-exposed @entity35 were significantly higher than those in the controls (P < 0.001). In tests using Morris Water Maze, the overall decrease in goal latency and swimming distance was taken to indicate that controls had shorter latencies and distance than lead-exposed @entity35 (P = 0.001 and P < 0.001 by repeated-measures analysis of variance). On transmission electron microscopy neuronal ultrastructural alterations were observed and the results of real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that exposure to 0.2% @entity10222 did not substantially change gene expression of @entity9445 and @entity10384 mRNA compared with controls. CONCLUSION: Exposure to lead before and after birth can damage short-term and long-term memory ability of young @entity35 and hippocampal ultrastructure. However, the current study does not provide evidence that the expression of @entity35 hippocampal @entity9445 and @entity10384 can be altered by systemic administration of lead during gestation and lactation, which are informative for the field of lead-induced developmental @entity2359 noting that it seems not to be worthwhile to include @entity9445 and @entity10384 in future studies.

title: Effects of lead exposure on hippocampal metabotropic @entity2227 receptor subtype 3 and 7 in developmental XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate', 'Glutamate']

entities_list: @entity1024 :: ('CHEBI:31882', 'Chemical') :: ['N-methyl-D-aspartate']

entities_list: @entity10222 :: ('MESH:C008261', 'Chemical') :: ['lead acetate']

entities_list: @entity2359 :: ('MESH:D020258', 'Disease') :: ['neurotoxicity']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Data on strut surface coverage of second-generation drug-eluting stents (DES) are limited. We investigated stent strut coverage of resolute @entity17650 -eluting stent (ZES-R) or @entity2239 -eluting stent (EES) at 9 months after implantation using optical coherence tomography (OCT). METHODS: ComparisOn of neointimal coVerage betwEen zotaRolimus-eluting stent and @entity2239 -eluting stent using Optical Coherence Tomography (COVER OCT) is a prospective, randomized, multicenter trial comparing ZES-R to EES using OCT at 9 months after stent implantation. The primary end point was the rate of stent strut coverage at 9 months. RESULTS: A total of 51 @entity1 were randomized to receive either ZES-R (ZES-R group) or EES (EES group), and 47 stents (24 ZES-R and 23 EES) in 44 of 51 @entity1 were evaluated by OCT both immediately after stent implantation and at 9 months. The neointimal thickness was not significantly different between the 2 groups at 9 months (ZES-R vs EES: 139    58 vs 124    42  m, P = .31). The mean percentages of uncovered stent struts were 3.3% for ZES-R versus 3.4% for EES at 9 months (P = .51). The proportions of malapposed struts immediately after stent implantation (P = .89) and at 9-month follow-up (P = .34) were 0.8% and 0.7% for ZES-R versus 1.0% and 0.1% for EES, respectively. Thrombi were documented in 1 stent (1 [4.2%] in ZES-R vs 0 [0%] in EES). CONCLUSION: According to the sequential OCT evaluation, ZES-R and EES showed comparable neointimal thickness and the rate of uncovered stent strut at 9 months after stent implantation.

title: ComparisOn of neointimal coVerage betwEen zotaRolimus-eluting stent and XXXX -eluting stent using Optical Coherence Tomography (COVER OCT).

entities_list: @entity2239 :: ('MESH:C107135', 'Chemical') :: ['everolimus']

entities_list: @entity17650 :: ('MESH:C489443', 'Chemical') :: ['zotarolimus']

answer: @entity2239 :: (MESH:C107135,Chemical) :: ['everolimus']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To report an uncommon case of @entity421 after radiation treatment of a @entity977 . METHODS: We present the clinical history, physical findings, laboratory data, imaging studies, and pathologic findings in a @entity1 found to have @entity421 of the sella after radiation therapy for a nonfunctioning @entity977 . RESULTS: Six years after transsphenoidal resection and postoperative fractionated radiation therapy for a nonfunctioning @entity977 that extended to the cavernous sinus, a 45-year-old @entity1 presented with a @entity281 , @entity892 , and @entity735 . A computed tomographic scan of the head showed a mass in the sella with involvement of the optic chiasm and right cavernous sinus. Transsphenoidal resection and debulking of the @entity5 revealed an @entity421 . The @entity1 was discharged from the hospital with residual @entity892 and @entity4610 . He was treated with @entity1955 , @entity251 , and @entity701 . Six weeks later, the @entity1 was readmitted after he was found unresponsive, and computed tomographic scans disclosed a massive @entity64 . He died a few days later. CONCLUSION: @entity421 is a rare, late complication of radiation treatment of @entity977 . Although radiotherapy remains an effective adjunctive treatment in @entity1 with @entity977 , particularly those with residual or recurrent @entity5 , potential complications must be acknowledged.

title: XXXX of the sella after radiation treatment of a @entity977 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular accident']

entities_list: @entity1955 :: ('MESH:D013974', 'Chemical') :: ['levothyroxine']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['sinus infection']

entities_list: @entity735 :: ('MESH:D005124', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia of the right eye']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteogenic sarcoma of the sella turcica', 'osteogenic sarcoma', 'Osteogenic sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity4610 :: ('MESH:D009886', 'Disease') :: ['ophthalmoplegia']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas', 'pituitary adenoma']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocortisone']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Osteogenic sarcoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: In clinical trials, immunopotentiating reconstituted @entity683 virosomes (IRIVs) have shown great potential as a versatile antigen delivery platform for synthetic peptides derived from @entity3964 falciparum antigens. This study describes the immunogenicity of a virosomally-formulated recombinant fusion protein comprising domains of the two @entity311 vaccine candidate antigens @entity28513 and GLURP. METHODS: The highly purified recombinant protein GMZ2 was coupled to @entity3633 and the conjugates incorporated into the membrane of IRIVs. The immunogenicity of this adjuvant-free virosomal formulation was compared to GMZ2 formulated with the adjuvants Montanide ISA 720 and Alum in three @entity19 strains with different genetic backgrounds. RESULTS: Intramuscular injections of all three candidate vaccine formulations induced GMZ2-specific antibody responses in all @entity19 tested. In general, the humoral immune response in outbred NMRI @entity19 was stronger than that in inbred BALB/c and C57BL/6 @entity19 . ELISA with the recombinant antigens demonstrated immunodominance of the GLURP component over the @entity28513 component. However, compared to the @entity12525 -adjuvanted formulation the two other formulations elicited in NMRI @entity19 a larger proportion of anti- @entity28513 antibodies. Analyses of the induced GMZ2-specific IgG subclass profiles showed for all three formulations a predominance of the @entity6527 isotype. Immune sera against all three formulations exhibited cross-reactivity with in vitro cultivated blood-stage parasites. Immunofluorescence and immunoblot competition experiments showed that both components of the hybrid protein induced IgG cross-reactive with the corresponding native proteins. CONCLUSION: A virosomal formulation of the chimeric protein GMZ2 induced @entity3964 blood stage parasite cross-reactive IgG responses specific for both @entity28513 and GLURP. GMZ2 thus represents a candidate component suitable for inclusion into a multi-valent virosomal @entity311 vaccine and @entity683 virosomes represent a versatile antigen delivery system suitable for adjuvant-free immunization with recombinant proteins.

title: Immunogenicity of a virosomally-formulated XXXX GLURP- @entity28513 chimeric protein-based @entity311 vaccine candidate in comparison to adjuvanted formulations.

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity3633 :: ('MESH:C483858', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylethanolamine']

entities_list: @entity3964 :: ('5833', 'Species') :: ['Plasmodium', 'P. falciparum']

answer: @entity3964 :: (5833,Species) :: ['Plasmodium falciparum']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIM: We sought to study the frequency and predictors of @entity64 in @entity1906 ( @entity1906 ) and its prognostic significance. DESIGN: This was an observational study in a tertiary care teaching hospital. METHODS: In all, 122 @entity1 with @entity1906 aged 4 to 82 years diagnosed on the basis of clinical, cerebrospinal fluid, and magnetic resonance imaging criteria were prospectively evaluated. Severity of @entity693 was graded into stage I to III. Magnetic resonance imaging was done at admission and 3 months after treatment. Outcome was defined at 3 and 6 months as complete, partial, or poor. Predictors of @entity64 and its significance in long- and short-term outcome were evaluated. FINDINGS: A total of 55 @entity1 had @entity64 ; 42 at admission and 13 developed within 3 months of 4 drug antitubercular treatment. @entity64 were @entity63 in 54 ( @entity548 transformation in 7) and @entity548 in one. @entity1188 were present in 30, thalamic in 9, brainstem in 10, cortical in 27, and cerebellar in 4 @entity1 . Stoke was multiple in 29 @entity1 . In all, 38 @entity1 had @entity1188 in anterior circulation, 7 in posterior, and 10 in both. @entity64 was significantly related to stage of @entity693 , @entity1276 , exudate, and @entity101 . No difference was found in clinical or laboratory parameters in early and late @entity64 . At 6 months, 28 @entity1 died. At 3 months there were 21 @entity1 lost to follow up and at 6 months there were 30 @entity1 lost to followup. Outcome is based on the rest of the @entity1 , ie. 101 @entity1 at 3 months and 92 @entity1 at 6 months. CONCLUSION: @entity64 occurs in 45% of @entity1 with @entity1906 both in early and later stage, mostly in basal ganglia region, and predicts poor outcome at 3 months.

title: Predictors of XXXX and its significance in the outcome of @entity1906 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['strokes', 'Strokes', 'stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['meningitis']

entities_list: @entity1906 :: ('MESH:D014390', 'Disease') :: ['tuberculous meningitis', 'TBM']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['Basal ganglia infarctions', 'infarctions']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: BACKGROUND: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an essential role in mediating gene expression in both normal and malignant cells. However, little is known about specific miRNAs during the development of @entity157 ( @entity157 ) from well-differentiated to poorly differentiated cells. METHODS: We performed miRNA array analysis of three different @entity157 cell lines: HepG2, HepJ5, and skHep-1. The expression patterns of miR-200 family members were confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We overexpressed miR-200 family members by using a lentivirus system and selected for stably transduced cells using antibiotics. The migration ability of the cells was tested using the Transwell migration assay system. RESULTS: Our miRNA array and real-time PCR results indicated a decrease in the expression of miR-200 family members in poorly differentiated skHep-1 cells compared with well-differentiated HepG2 cells. We overexpressed @entity23106 and @entity27164 in both HepJ5 and skHep-1 cells and found that the overexpression of the miR-200 family members did not influence proliferation, although migration was decreased in these cells. We found that overexpression of miR-200 family members led to an upregulation of @entity5962 expression in both HepJ5 and skHep-1 cells. Furthermore, we silenced @entity5962 expression by shRNA in miR200a-HepJ5 cells and found that the migratory ability of these cells was enhanced upon the decrease in @entity5962 expression. CONCLUSIONS: Members of the miR-200 family ( @entity23106 and @entity27164 ) play important roles in @entity157 migration by regulating @entity5962 expression.

title: MicroRNA-200a and -200b mediated XXXX cell migration through the epithelial to mesenchymal transition markers.

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The best treatment for @entity397 remains controversial. Long-term follow-up with radiological and clinical measurements is needed. METHODS: In this retrospective multicentre cohort study, @entity1 (n = 52) were assessed at a mean of 91 months follow-up after unilateral @entity397 treated by open, percutaneous or conservative (non-surgical) treatment. Demographic parameters, time off work, maximum @entity291 circumference and clinical scores (ATRS, Hannover, AOFAS) were evaluated. Muscle volume and cross-sectional area of the @entity291 and @entity924 length were measured on MR images and were compared between groups and to each @entity1 's healthy contralateral leg. RESULTS: Reduced muscle volume was found across all groups with a higher muscle volume in the conservative (729.9    130.3 cm(3)) compared to the percutaneous group (675.9    207.4 cm(3), p = 0.04). @entity924 length was longer in the affected leg (198.4    24.1 vs. 180.6    25.0 mm, p < 0.0001) without difference in subgroup analysis. Clinically measured ankle dorsiflexion showed poor correlation with @entity924 length (R (2) = 0.07, p = 0.008). Muscle volume strongly correlated with the cross-sectional area (R (2) = 0.6, p < 0.0001) but showed a weak correlation with the Hannover score (R (2) = 0.08, p = 0.048). Maximum @entity291 circumference correlated with muscle volume (R (2) = 0.42, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: No significant difference between the treatment groups was found in muscle volume, @entity924 length, clinical measures or days off work. Cross-sectional area and maximum @entity291 circumference are cost-effective measurements and a good approximation of muscle volume and can thus be used in a clinical setting while clinical dorsiflexion should not be used.

title: Long-term outcomes of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['AT rupture', 'Achilles tendon (AT) ruptures']

answer: @entity924 :: (MESH:D052256,Disease) :: ['muscle volume and Achilles tendon length after Achilles tendon ruptures']


abstract: The estimated prevalence of @entity8407 is worldwide approximately 2%, with an annual malignant transformation rate of approximately 1%. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible contribution of ploidy measurement to the prediction of the clinical course, in a well defined cohort of @entity1 with @entity8407 . Ploidy was measured by both flow cytometry (FCM-DNA) and image cytometry (ICM-DNA) and we focussed on the comparison of the two different techniques to determine ploidy. A total of 41 @entity1 have been included, with a mean age of 59 years (range 36-78 years). With FCM-DNA, three lesions were aneuploid, with ICM-DNA, 19 lesions were aneuploid. DNA ploidy was compared with clinicopathological and @entity1 parameters. There were no statistically significant differences between DNA ploidy and any @entity1 factor with both FCM-DNA and ICM-DNA. Using FCM-DNA, DNA aneuploid lesions showed statistically significant more @entity1141 (p=0.04) than diploid lesions. Furthermore, DNA aneuploid lesions were more frequently encountered at high-risk locations (p=0.03) as being determined with FCM-DNA. These relations were not found when DNA ploidy was determined with ICM-DNA.

title: DNA ploidy measurement in XXXX : different results between flow and image cytometry.

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity8407 :: ('MESH:D007972', 'Disease') :: ['oral leukoplakia']

answer: @entity8407 :: (MESH:D007972,Disease) :: ['oral leukoplakia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: A healthy lifestyle has an impact on @entity65 . Yet, the importance of body mass index (BMI) and gender remains less clear. The aim of this study was to investigate whether healthy lifestyle factors can predict incident @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and all-cause mortality. METHODS: Representative population-based prospective cohort study of 60-year-old @entity1 (n=2193) and @entity1 (n=2039). The following factors related to a healthy lifestyle were assessed using a questionnaire: non-smoking, @entity167 intake of 0.6-30 g/day, moderate physical activity at least once a week, low intake of processed meats, weekly intake of fish, daily intake of fruit, and daily intake of vegetables. These factors were combined to produce a total score of healthy lifestyle factors (0-7) and classified into four groups: unhealthy (0-2 lifestyle factors), intermediate (3), healthy (4-5), and very healthy (6-7). National registers enabled identification of incident @entity65 (n=375) and all-cause mortality (n=427) over a follow-up of 11 years. RESULTS: Very healthy @entity1 and @entity1 exhibited a decreased risk for incident @entity65 compared with unhealthy individuals, with hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted for educational level and BMI of 0.44 (0.26-0.75) and 0.39 (0.25-0.61), respectively. The corresponding HRs (95% CIs) for all-cause mortality for very healthy @entity1 and @entity1 were 0.25 (0.15-0.44) and 0.35 (0.23-0.54), respectively. CONCLUSION: With seven healthy lifestyle factors, it was possible to identify @entity1 and @entity1 with substantially lower relative risks of incident @entity65 and @entity204 , regardless of BMI and educational level.

title: Seven modifiable lifestyle factors predict reduced risk for XXXX and all-cause mortality regardless of body mass index: a cohort study.

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['CVD', 'cardiovascular health', 'cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['ischemic cardiovascular disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidural @entity479 injections are frequently used to treat back and extremity @entity158 . The procedure is generally safe, with a low rate of adverse events, including intrathecal entry, @entity5745 , and @entity693 . CASE REPORT: We report a case of a 45-year-old @entity1 who presented to the emergency department (ED) with @entity10 , @entity390 , @entity391 , and @entity3917 after a lumbar epidural @entity479 injection. She was afebrile and had an elevated white blood cell count. A non-contrast computed tomography scan of the head revealed @entity5745 within the subarachnoid space and lateral ventricles. The @entity1 was admitted to the ED observation unit for @entity158 control and subsequently developed a marked @entity491 . A lumbar puncture was performed yielding cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) consistent with @entity693 (1,000 total nucleated cells, 89% neutrophils, 85  mg/dL total protein, and no red blood cells). Gram stain revealed no bacteria. The @entity1 was admitted on empiric @entity2176 and @entity2756 . Antibiotics were discontinued at 48  h when CSF cultures remained negative and the @entity1 was clinically asymptomatic. WHY SHOULD AN EMERGENCY PHYSICIAN BE AWARE OF THIS?: Emergency physicians should consider intrathecal entry and @entity5745 in @entity1 who present with a @entity10 after an epidural intervention. The management of @entity5745 includes supportive therapies, appropriate positioning, and supplemental @entity26 . These symptoms can be accompanied by @entity221 , @entity491 , and markedly inflammatory CSF findings consistent with bacterial or @entity693 . Empiric treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics should be initiated until CSF culture results are available.

title: Epidural @entity479 Injection Complicated by Intrathecal Entry, @entity5745 , and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5745 :: ('MESH:D011007', 'Disease') :: ['pneumocephalus']

entities_list: @entity2756 :: ('MESH:D002443', 'Chemical') :: ['ceftriaxone']

entities_list: @entity2176 :: ('MESH:D014640', 'Chemical') :: ['vancomycin']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity693 :: ('MESH:D008581', 'Disease') :: ['chemical meningitis', 'meningitis']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

entities_list: @entity3917 :: ('MESH:D020795', 'Disease') :: ['photophobia']

entities_list: @entity491 :: ('MESH:D007964', 'Disease') :: ['leukocytosis and worsening meningismus', 'leukocytosis']

answer: @entity693 :: (MESH:D008581,Disease) :: ['Chemical Meningitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1253 are associated with insulin resistance and @entity65 and can be modified with @entity353 . While we previously demonstrated @entity353 and a reduction in @entity1243 in @entity28 adults who followed a low- @entity1735 diet for 6 months, the long-term effects of this diet on adipocytokines are unknown. METHODS: 132 @entity28 adults with a body mass index of > or = 35 kg/m2 were randomized to receive one year of dietary counseling to follow either a low- @entity1735 diet < 30 g/day (LC) or a caloric-restricted diet (reduced by 500 calories/day with < 30% of calories from fat) (LF). Weight, @entity1243 , @entity1254 , @entity310 , CRP, and insulin were measured at 0, 6, and 36 months (24 months post-counseling). Follow-up data at was collected for 53 @entity1 who returned at 36 months. RESULTS: Mean weight change from baseline was not different between the groups at 36 months. Between 6 and 36 months weight was unchanged for LF, while LC appeared to regain weight [+ 4.84 +/- 35.6 kg (+ 3.0%)]. This difference, however, was not significant (p = 0.08). @entity1243 was unchanged in LF at both 6 and 36 months. In LC @entity1243 decreased by 8.49 +/- 6.4 ng/mL or 22.7% at 6 months (p < 0.001) and increased by 10.68 +/- 25.2 ng/mL or 41.9% between 6 and 36 months (p = 0.02). There were no differences in insulin, @entity1254 , @entity310 , or CRP between the groups. CONCLUSIONS: Favorable changes in @entity1243 that accompany @entity353 are not sustained in individuals who followed a low- @entity1735 diet for one year. A low- @entity1735 diet had no significant effect on insulin, @entity1254 , @entity310 , or CRP compared to a low-fat diet at 36 months.

title: The effects of a low- XXXX versus low-fat diet on adipocytokines in severely @entity28 adults: three-year follow-up of a randomized trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity1253 :: ('MESH:D054392', 'Chemical') :: ['Adipocytokines']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity1735 :: (CHEBI:16646,Chemical) :: ['carbohydrate']


abstract: BACKGROUND: ANCA-Associated Systemic @entity1333 (AASV) is characterized by leukocytoclasis, accumulation of unscavenged apoptotic and @entity39 neutrophils in perivascular tissues. Dysregulation of neutrophil cell death may contribute directly to the pathogenesis of AASV. METHODS: Neutrophils from @entity1503 ( @entity1503 ), @entity1 with AASV most in complete remission, @entity6582 Vera (PV), @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ), @entity309 ( @entity309 ) and renal transplant recipients (TP) were incubated in vitro, and the rate of spontaneous apoptosis was measured by FACS. Plasma levels of cytokines and sFAS were measured with cytometric bead array and ELISA. Expression of pro/anti-apoptotic factors, transcription factors @entity6863 , @entity9322 and PU.1 and inhibitors of survival/ @entity4016 -pathway were measured by real-time-PCR. RESULTS: AASV, PV and @entity309 neutrophils had a significantly lower rate of apoptosis compared to @entity1503 neutrophils (AASV 50    14% vs. @entity1503 64    11%, p<0.0001). In @entity309 but not in AASV and PV, low apoptosis rate correlated with increased plasma levels of @entity2841 and high mRNA levels of anti-apoptotic factors @entity1938 and @entity2423 . AASV @entity1 had normal levels of @entity1261 , @entity2841 and @entity2772 . Both @entity6863 , @entity9322 were significantly higher in neutrophils from AASV @entity1 than @entity1503 . Levels of sFAS were significantly higher in AASV compared to @entity1503 . CONCLUSION: Neutrophil apoptosis rates in vitro are decreased in AASV, @entity309 and PV but mechanisms seem to differ. Increased mRNA levels of granulopoiesis-associated transcription factors and increased levels of sFAS in plasma were observed in AASV. Additional studies are required to define the mechanisms behind the decreased apoptosis rates, and possible connections with accumulation of dying neutrophils in regions of @entity455 in AASV @entity1 .

title: Decreased neutrophil apoptosis in quiescent ANCA-associated systemic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['Polycythemia']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular lesions']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['Vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'Systemic Lupus Erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['HBD', 'Healthy Blood Donors']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatoid Arthritis', 'RA']

answer: @entity1333 :: (MESH:D014657,Disease) :: ['vasculitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: The accurate assessment of the severity of @entity1575 is of paramount importance in determining treatment strategies, response to treatment and prognosis in @entity1 with @entity409 . The aim of this study was to investigate potential proteomic biomarkers for assessing stages of hepatic @entity82 . METHODS: Serum samples of 83 @entity1 with @entity409 (using METAVIR index, 17 F0, 30 F1, 6 F2, 9 F3, and 21 F4 @entity1 ) and 29 healthy controls were analyzed using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of- flight mass spectrometry on IMAC30 ProteinChip arrays. Discriminatory peaks between groups were identified using Mann-Whitney U non-parametric test. Comparison of mild (F0, F1) and severe @entity82 (F2, F3, F4) was performed using tree classification (cross-validation) with the Biomarker Patterns Software, version 5.0 (Ciphergen Biosystems, US). RESULTS: No statistically significant discriminatory peak was evident between F0, F1 and F2 @entity82 . More than 30 peaks were found to be discriminatory between @entity1 with @entity82 (F4) and all other stages of @entity1575 , including F2 and F3. Six surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization proteomic features were found to be discriminative for mild (F0, F1) vs. advanced (F2, F3, F4) @entity82 (AUROC >= 0.8, p<0.05, Mann-Whitney test). The decision tree (m/z 4280, 10453 and 6376) yielded a sensitivity of 83.3% (30/36), a specificity of 85.1% (40/47), a positive predictive value of 81.1%, and a negative predictive value of 86.9%, with an AUROC of 0.94. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study revealed discriminatory peaks between the protein profiles of @entity1 with @entity82 and other stages of @entity1575 . Potential proteomic biomarkers can be notably determined for discriminating mild and advanced @entity82 using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of- flight mass spectrometry.

title: Potential proteomic biomarkers in assessing XXXX using SELDI-TOF MS.

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['liver fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['chronic liver disease']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis', 'cirrhosis']

answer: @entity1575 :: (MESH:D008103,Disease) :: ['liver fibrosis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical corrective results of severe @entity3573 in @entity3384 @entity1 using @entity6926 ( @entity6926 ) and orthognathic surgical procedures. METHODS: High step Le Fort I osteotomy was performed in 17 cases. Le Fort I segments were moved forward with @entity6926 (11 cases with internal distraction device, 6 cases with rigid external distraction device). @entity1347 was performed in another 6 cases, the maxillary anterior segments were advanced with @entity6926 (3 cases with internal distraction device, 3 cases with rigid external distraction device). Bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy and genioplasty were performed in 13 cases. Before surgery, when @entity6926 was completed and 12 months after @entity6926 was completed, oriented lateral cephalograms at rest position of each @entity1 were taken, the position of point A on horizontal direction and SNA angle were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: All @entity1 had successfully accomplished maxillary segment @entity6926 . Point A had been moved forward 7.9 mm on average in horizontal direction when @entity6926 was completed, and maintained 7.1 mm when @entity6926 was completed 12 months. The average of SNA angle was 70.8 degree pre-surgery, but 81.6 degree when @entity6926 was completed, and maintained 80.9 degree at 12 months after @entity6926 was completed. CONCLUSION: The severe @entity3573 in @entity3384 @entity1 can be successfully corrected with @entity6926 and orthognathic surgical procedures. The long-term skeletal stability was satisfactory.

title: [Surgical correction of severe XXXX secondary to the repairment of congenital cleft palate].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1347 :: ('MESH:C537775', 'Disease') :: ['Maxillary anterior segmental osteotomy']

entities_list: @entity3573 :: ('MESH:D008439', 'Disease') :: ['maxillary hypoplasia']

entities_list: @entity3384 :: ('MESH:D002971', 'Disease') :: ['cleft lip and palate']

entities_list: @entity6926 :: ('MESH:D010013', 'Disease') :: ['DO', 'distraction osteogenesis']

answer: @entity3573 :: (MESH:D008439,Disease) :: ['maxillary hypoplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Surgically directed therapy for liver @entity3 from @entity14 ( @entity14 ) has received substantial attention in the literature as a major focus of treatment for metastatic @entity14 . It is presumed, but not proven, that liver @entity3 are a major threat to life. This study examined the course of a cohort of consecutive @entity1 who died with @entity14 to determine the role played by the presence of liver @entity3 . METHODS: This is single-institution retrospective observational study involved all @entity1 who died of @entity14 . Records were examined and imaging studies reviewed to determine the extent of liver and extrahepatic @entity3 in these @entity1 . Overall survival in @entity1 with and without liver @entity3 and those in whom liver @entity3 were thought to contribute to @entity204 was determined. RESULTS: After @entity1 exclusions, the study population totaled 121 @entity1 . There were 75 @entity1 (62%) with liver @entity3 at @entity204 . In 40 of 75 (53%) @entity1 , the liver @entity3 contributed to the @entity1 ' @entity204 . In 46 of 121 @entity1 (38%), @entity3 did not include liver @entity3 . Overall survival in @entity1 with and without liver @entity3 (median survival 12 vs. 8.5 months, p = 0.089) and in those whose liver @entity3 did or did not contribute to @entity204 (median survival 11.5 vs. 14 months, p = 0.361) was not significant. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of liver @entity3 seemed to contribute to @entity204 in approximately half of the study @entity1 , although there did not appear to be a survival disadvantage in these @entity1 .

title: Cause of XXXX from liver @entity3 in @entity14 .

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2521 is a common disease that affects the periodontal tissue supporting the teeth. This disease is attributed to multiple risk factors, including @entity6 , cigarette smoking, @entity167 , pathogenic microorganisms, genetics and others. @entity1 @entity16448 ( @entity16448 ) is a cationic antimicrobial peptide with @entity462 -rich   -sheets and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. @entity5750 is a protein involved in the detection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and has also been associated with @entity2521 . This study investigates the single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) region, -1654( @entity34984 ), of the @entity1 @entity16448 ( @entity16448 ) gene as well as the -159 region of the @entity5750 gene in subjects with @entity7278 . METHODS: Blood samples from periodontally healthy subjects and @entity2521 @entity1 were obtained. DNA was extracted from the blood and was used to perform restriction digest at the polymorphic @entity34985 site of @entity16448 with the enzyme HincII. The polymorphic site 159TT of @entity5750 was digested with the enzyme AvaII. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed on soluble samples to determine the protein expressions. RESULTS: The control and @entity1 groups expressed 35% and 38% 1654 A/A genotype of @entity16448 , respectively. The A allele frequency of the control group was 40%, while the @entity1 blood group was 54%. The mean @entity16448 protein levels of the control and @entity1 samples were 102.83 pg/mL and 252.09 pg/mL, respectively. The genotype distribution of @entity5750 in healthy subjects was 16% for C/C, 26% for @entity1619 and 58% for C/T. The genotype frequencies of @entity5750 in @entity2521 @entity1 were 10% for C/C, 43% for @entity1619 and 47% for C/T. The @entity5750 protein expression determined by ELISA showed a mean protein level of the control samples at 76.28ng/mL and the @entity1 blood samples at 179.27ng/mL with a p value of 0.001.Our study demonstrated that @entity1 suffering from @entity7278 present more commonly with the 1654A/A genotype on the @entity16448 gene and the 159T/T genotype on the @entity5750 gene. CONCLUSIONS: This study purely investigated the association between @entity2521 and one polymorphic site on both @entity16448 and @entity5750 gene, with the purpose of expanding knowledge for the future development in diagnostic markers or therapeutic interventions to combat this disease.

title: Clinical application of XXXX b-defensin and @entity5750 gene polymorphism in evaluating the status of chronic inflammation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity34984 :: ('p|SUB|V|38|I', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V38I']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis', 'Periodontitis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: Members of the plexin family are unique transmembrane receptors in that they interact directly with Rho family small GTPases; moreover, they contain a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) domain for R-Ras, which is crucial for plexin-mediated regulation of cell motility. However, the functional role and structural basis of the interactions between the different intracellular domains of plexins remained unclear. Here we present the 2.4 A crystal structure of the complete intracellular region of @entity1 @entity17875 . The structure is monomeric and reveals that the GAP domain is folded into one structure from two segments, separated by the Rho GTPase binding domain (RBD). The RBD is not dimerized, as observed previously. Instead, binding of a conserved loop region appears to compete with dimerization and anchors the RBD to the GAP domain. Cell-based assays on mutant proteins confirm the functional importance of this coupling loop. Molecular modeling based on structural homology to @entity8780 (GAP). @entity8498 suggests that Ras GTPases can bind to the plexin GAP region. Experimentally, we show that the monomeric intracellular @entity17875 binds R-Ras but not @entity8498 . These findings suggest that the monomeric form of the intracellular region is primed for GAP activity and extend a model for plexin activation.

title: Structure and function of the intracellular region of the XXXX transmembrane receptor.

answer: @entity17875 :: (5364,Gene) :: ['plexin-b1']


abstract: @entity11807 ( @entity11807 ) is a form of congenital @entity2131 characterised by progressive @entity3043 and course usually fatal. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) offers a chance to restore haemopoiesis, as in @entity236 of any other aetiology. Five @entity1 (4M, 1F) with @entity11807 were subjected to BMT. Their ages ranged between 4 and 13 years. The time elapsed between diagnosis and BMT ranged between 6 months and 10 years. Three @entity1 had been previously treated with @entity617 and @entity8666 . The donor age ranged from 20 months to 25 years. The correlation donor sex/recipient sex was female/male in 4 cases (siblings, 3; mother, 1) and male/female in the remainder (one brother). All the siblings involved were HLA-identical, with a negative mixed lymphocyte culture; the mother shared 5 antigens with a different DR. The conditioning regimen was that proposed by Gluckman. BMT was performed by infusion of 2.2 to 5.3 x 10(8) bone marrow cells per kg. @entity205 was used in the prophylaxis of @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ), associated to methotrexate in one case and to @entity229 in another. One @entity1 showed no signs of @entity2132 ; the onset of @entity2132 took place between days +8 and +18, and was grade II-III in the other four. Three @entity1 had limited chronic @entity2132 . Four @entity1 are alive and in good clinical conditions at 11 to 63 months post-BMT. The remainder, who had stage III @entity2132 , died on day +45. The favourable results of BMT in @entity11807 have been confirmed, so this procedure should be considered as the best choice in the treatment of @entity11807 .

title: [Bone marrow transplantation in @entity11807 . Results in 5 XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity8666 :: ('MESH:D010110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxymetholone']

entities_list: @entity229 :: ('MESH:D011241', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisone']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['Cyclosporin A']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['graft versus cells host disease', 'GVHD']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow aplasia']

entities_list: @entity2131 :: ('MESH:C536572', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow failure']

entities_list: @entity3043 :: ('MESH:D010198', 'Disease') :: ['pancytopenia']

entities_list: @entity11807 :: ('MESH:D005199', 'Disease') :: ['FA', "Fanconi's anaemia"]

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: We have previously shown that co-treatment of @entity7743 ( @entity7743 ) blocker ( @entity11882 ) or @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitor seem to reduce peptic @entity1066 among @entity1 taking low dose @entity117 . It is reported that a series of @entity916 -angiotensin system (RAS) gene polymorphisms significantly influence the rate of the gene transcription. AIM: The aim of this study was to examine the genotypes of RAS genes related to the risk of peptic @entity1066 and @entity1066 among @entity1 taking low dose @entity117 . METHODS: @entity1 taking 100  mg of @entity117 who were planning to undergo endoscopy for surveillance or who had history of recent upper GI @entity1066 were included. @entity1289 (Ins/Del), @entity2178 ( @entity2178 ; @entity26200 , @entity26201 , @entity26202 , @entity26203 , @entity7742 ), and @entity7743 ( @entity26204 , @entity25780 , @entity7744 ) genotypes were determined by PCR or PCR-RFLP. RESULTS: Four hundred twenty-five @entity1 were enrolled including 68 @entity1 with peptic @entity1066 and 20 @entity1 with @entity1066 . Co-treatment of @entity11882 was significantly associated with peptic @entity1066 and @entity1066 . @entity2178 -20 CC (adjusted OR 4.94, 95% CI 1.21-20.2) was significantly associated with @entity1066 . The CC genotype of @entity7743 -521 was significantly associated with peptic @entity1066 only in the subgroup taking neither @entity1289 inhibitor nor @entity11882 . CONCLUSIONS: Co-treatment of @entity11882 reduces peptic @entity1066 and @entity548 among @entity1 taking low dose @entity117 . RAS may play an important role in the development of upper @entity3137 induced by low dose @entity117 .

title: @entity916 -angiotensin system associated with risk of upper XXXX induced by low dose @entity117 : @entity916 angiotensin system genes' polymorphism.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin converting enzyme', 'ACE']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2178 :: ('183', 'Gene') :: ['AGT', 'angiotensinogen']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcer', 'ulcer bleeding']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['aspirin']

entities_list: @entity7743 :: ('185', 'Gene') :: ['AT1R', 'angiotensin type 1 receptor']

entities_list: @entity3137 :: ('MESH:D009059', 'Disease') :: ['GI mucosal injury']

answer: @entity3137 :: (MESH:D009059,Disease) :: ['GI mucosal injury']


abstract: PURPOSE: To study the relationship of @entity2194 ( @entity2194 ) and intraocular pressure (IOP) in eyes that have undergone successful Descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty (DSEK). @entity1 AND METHODS: Fifty eyes of 38 @entity1 with successful DSEK at a single tertiary referral center were followed up for at least 3 months. At the time of the study all @entity1 were carefully examined to rule out any clinically detectable @entity3279 . IOP was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT), pneumotonometry (PT), and dynamic contour tonometry (DCT). IOP, @entity2194 , and quality measurements were recorded. @entity2840 ( @entity2840 ) was measured by ultrasonic pachymetry. RESULTS: Mean IOP was 15.9  4.9 mm Hg by GAT, 20.3  4.6 mm Hg by PT, and 19.8  4.4 mm Hg by DCT. Mean @entity2194 was 2.53  1.24 mm Hg. @entity2194 was correlated with GAT (r=0.357, P=0.011) and PT (r=0.316, P=0.026). The correlation of @entity2194 and DCT approached significance (r=0.270, P=0.058). Mean @entity2840 was 701  65   m (range, 529 to 928   m). @entity2194 was not associated with @entity2840 (r=0.238, P=0.096). CONCLUSIONS: In eyes with DSEK, our results showed that @entity2194 was similar to that reported in normal eyes. Comparable with results in normal eyes, @entity2194 was not associated with @entity2840 but was associated with increasing IOP in DSEK eyes.

title: Ocular pulse amplitude in XXXX with descemet stripping endothelial keratoplasty.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2194 :: ('MESH:D005128', 'Disease') :: ['ocular pulse amplitude', 'OPA']

entities_list: @entity2840 :: ('MESH:C563262', 'Disease') :: ['Central corneal thickness', 'CCT']

entities_list: @entity3279 :: ('MESH:D015715', 'Disease') :: ['corneal edema']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Studies have claimed that in the surgical treatment of @entity788 , radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) is associated with effective tangential margin and extensive lymph node dissection. In the present study, the authors have compared the surgical outcomes between RAMPS and conventional distal pancreatosplenectomy (DPS) in @entity1 with @entity420 and tail, and also identified prognostic factors associated with survival after surgery. METHODS: Retrospective review of 92 consecutive @entity1 who underwent surgical resection for pancreas body and tail @entity420 with curative intent between 1995 and 2010. Median follow-up duration was 16.1 months. RESULTS: Of the 92 @entity1 , 38 @entity1 received RAMPS and 54 @entity1 received DPS. @entity1 who underwent RAMPS had a greater number of retrieved lymph nodes than @entity1 undergoing DPS [median 14 (5-52) vs. 9 (1-36), p < 0.05]. Conventional DPS, no adjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT), and non-curative resection were associated with poor @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) on univariate analysis. After multivariate analysis for these variables, only the lack of adjuvant CRT and resection margin status were found to adversely affect @entity1349 . CONCLUSIONS: While the RAMPS procedure is effective in performing an extensive @entity5848 , it is not associated with better retroperitoneal resection margin or retrieval of more positive LNs, and it does not lead to better curability or @entity1349 survival compared to DPS. Lack of adjuvant CRT and resection margin status are poor prognostic factors in @entity1 with @entity788 .

title: Role of radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy for XXXX of the body and tail of the pancreas.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas body and tail cancer']

entities_list: @entity5848 :: ('MESH:D000784', 'Disease') :: ['LN dissection']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma of the pancreas body', 'adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity420 :: (MESH:D000230,Disease) :: ['adenocarcinoma']


abstract: @entity626 ( @entity571 ) is a common @entity179 and a major cause of @entity158 and disability. The hypothesis tested in this study was that the passion fruit peel extract ( @entity16991 ), a @entity3096 -rich dietary supplement, would reduce symptoms due to knee @entity571 . Thirty-three @entity571 @entity1 were enrolled in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial with parallel-group design. @entity1 received either placebo or @entity16991 pills (150 mg, daily) in a double-blinded fashion for 2 months. The @entity571 clinical symptoms were evaluated monthly with Western Ontario and McMaster Universities (WOMAC) @entity571 Index. In the @entity16991 group, there was a significant improvement in total WOMAC score and WOMAC subscale score of physical function after 30 days and @entity158 after 60 days. At 60 days, reductions of 18.6%, 18%, 19.6%, and 19.2% in @entity158 , @entity2693 , physical function, and composite WOMAC score, respectively, were self-reported in the @entity16991 group. Whereas, in the placebo group, the self-reported WOMAC scores increased in every category. The results of this study show that @entity16991 substantially alleviated @entity571 symptoms. This beneficial effect of @entity16991 may be due to its antioxidant and antiinflammatory properties.

title: Oral intake of purple passion fruit peel extract reduces XXXX and @entity2693 and improves physical function in adult @entity1 with @entity626 .

entities_list: @entity626 :: ('MESH:D020370', 'Disease') :: ['Knee osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA', 'Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative joint disorder']

entities_list: @entity3096 :: ('CHEBI:47916', 'Chemical') :: ['flavonoid']

entities_list: @entity2693 :: ('MESH:C566112', 'Disease') :: ['stiffness']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: @entity418 ( @entity418 ) is among the 10 most common and fatal malignacies in the world, presenting a marked geographic variation in incidence rates between and within different countries. The @entity876 @entity5 suppressor gene is highly mutated in @entity5 and its mutation pattern can offer clues to the etiopathology of the @entity5 . As Brazil presents one of the highest incidence areas in the West, a deeper knowledge of the molecular mechanisms related to @entity418 development in the Brazilian population is needed. We analyzed the mutation profile of 110 esophageal @entity957 (ESCC) of @entity1 from Southeastern Brazil (Rio de Janeiro and S  o Paulo) and collected data regarding @entity167 intake and @entity286 smoking. We detected 41 mutations in @entity5 samples from 38 @entity1 . There was no association between mutation frequency and @entity286 smoking or @entity167 drinking. The most frequently mutated codons were 179, 214, 220 and 248. Codons 179, 220 and 248 are hot-spots for ESCC, but codon 214 presents only 0.7% of the mutations registered in the IARC database. The mutation profile revealed a high percentage of mutations at A:T base pairs (34.1%) followed by deletions (17.1%). We concluded that the mutation profile detected in this study is different from that of @entity1 from Southern Brazil but very similar to that previously seen in French @entity1 , being characterized by a high frequency of mutations at A:T base pairs, which may be associated with @entity3094 , the metabolic product of @entity1068 .

title: @entity876 mutation profile of esophageal @entity957 of XXXX from Southeastern Brazil.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'esophageal tumors']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['Esophageal cancer', 'EC']

entities_list: @entity3094 :: ('MESH:D000079', 'Chemical') :: ['acetaldehyde']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Leptin and insulin are secreted into the maternal and to a lesser extent into the fetal bloodstream where they act as placental signals and nourish the fetus, making them possible candidates for the endocrine control of the placenta. We investigated differences in leptin (LR) and insulin receptors (IR) expression in normal and disturbed first trimester @entity1 pregnancy at protein level by immunohistochemistry and at mRNA level by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (TaqMan). Highest expression of LR and IR was present in villous (VT) and @entity3567 ( @entity3567 ). In hydatidiform mole trophoblasts, significantly higher LR and IR expression was observed when compared with normal pregnancy. In addition, LR and IR were also expressed in glandular epithelial cells of the decidua, again to the highest extent in hydatidiform mole when compared with normal pregnancy. With regard to abortive placentas, significant differences were also present when compared with normal first trimester placenta in the expression of LR and IR in VT, @entity3567 and in glandular epithelial cells of the decidua. Results at protein expression of LR and IR were confirmed at mRNA level. The majority of IR and LR are expressed on structures that are currently assumed to drive placental growth. LR and IR are strongly up-regulated in placentas of hydatidiform mole and abortion. Our findings may suggest IR and LR as possible new candidates for the endocrine control of @entity1 pregnancy.

title: Insulin and leptin receptors as possible new candidates for endocrine control in normal and disturbed XXXX pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity3567 :: ('MESH:D014328', 'Disease') :: ['extravillous trophoblasts', 'EVT']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: The effects of increasing grain content of @entity1101 silage at the soft dough or the mature stages on nutrient digestibility, rate of passage and ruminal characteristics were investigated. A hetero-yellow grain @entity1101 (WAC 710DR) was harvested at the soft dough and the mature stage. Conventional @entity1101 silage was harvested by harvesting only the material more than 12 cm above the ground, high-energy silage by cutting it at a 40-cm height and headchop by harvesting at a 65-cm height. Regular silage was supplemented with either 17% or 34% grain to provide amounts of grain equal to that in the high-energy silage and headchop; high-energy silage was supplemented with 25% grain to equal the grain content of headchop. Diets were supplemented to 11.0% @entity2723 with @entity1460 meal. Grain content was greater for headchop than for regular silage (72% vs 53%) but @entity3918 yield was lower (2,900 vs 4,600 kg/ha). Silages harvested at the more mature stage had lower digestibility of @entity3918 (62 vs 68%), @entity2723 (60 vs 64%), NDF (46 vs 50%), ADF (48 vs 52%) and starch (89 vs 97%). Increasing the height of cut did not increase @entity3918 digestibility of the silage. Compared with conventional silage, headchop had @entity308 NDF (43 vs 51%) and ADF (46 vs 55%) digestibility. Supplementation of silages with grain did not increase digestibility. The failure to increase @entity3918 digestibility was not due to @entity308 fiber or starch digestion, but rather to an increased fecal excretion of cell contents. The digestibility of grain @entity1101 silage was not improved by increasing the height of cut or adding supplemental grain.

title: Effects of altering the grain content of XXXX silage on its nutritive value.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressed']

answer: @entity1101 :: (4558,Species) :: ['sorghum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To the authors' knowledge there are relatively few data concerning supratentorial @entity6196 ( @entity6196 ). The authors retrospectively reviewed all cases of @entity6196 of the brain treated at the study institution to determine whether there was a difference in presentation, overall survival, and recurrence-free survival with regard to @entity5 location (supratentorium vs. posterior fossa). METHODS: Between 1977-1996 33 @entity1 with @entity6196 were diagnosed and treated at 1 radiotherapy center. The median age of the @entity1 was 9 years. The location of the @entity5 was in the posterior fossa in 25 @entity1 and the supratentorium in 8 @entity1 . The @entity5 had spread to the neuraxis in six @entity1 ; four @entity1 with disseminated @entity66 had a supratentorial @entity6196 and two had a posterior fossa @entity6196 . All but three @entity1 received craniospinal irradiation. The @entity5 received > or = 5000 centigray in 27 @entity1 and chemotherapy was employed in 26 @entity1 . The median follow-up was 60 months. RESULTS: The 5-year overall and recurrence-free survival rates for all @entity1 were 77.2% and 79.6%, respectively. The 5-year overall survival rates were 86.3% for @entity1 with @entity2946 (posterior fossa @entity6196 ) and 46.9% for @entity1 with supratentorial @entity6196 (P = 0.01, log rank test). For overall survival, prognostic factors included radiotherapy dose to the primary site, metastases (M) status, and location of the @entity5 . The 5-year recurrence free survival rates were 89.8% for @entity1 with @entity2946 and 46.9% for @entity1 with supratentorial @entity6196 (P = 0.003, log rank test). For recurrence free survival, prognostic factors included M status and @entity5 site location; radiation dose to the @entity5 site and @entity1 gender were of borderline significance. In the ten @entity1 with inadequate posterior fossa boost fields judged by @entity1 's @entity5 Group criteria, there were two failures, both of which were in the original @entity5 bed. CONCLUSIONS: Supratentorial @entity6196 has a worse overall survival and recurrence free survival than @entity2946 . There is a suggestion that radiotherapy boosts in @entity2946 may not need to encompass the entire posterior fossa because posterior fossa failures primarily are in the @entity5 bed. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to determine whether craniospinal irradiation followed by a boost to the @entity5 bed is adequate for @entity2946 @entity1 .

title: XXXX and supratentorial @entity6196 : an institutional experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Children', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6196 :: ('MESH:D018242', 'Disease') :: ['PNET', 'primitive neuroectodermal tumors']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['neuraxis disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'primary tumor', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity2946 :: ('MESH:D008527', 'Disease') :: ['medulloblastoma']

answer: @entity2946 :: (MESH:D008527,Disease) :: ['Medulloblastoma']


abstract: Two cases of @entity3126 ( @entity3126 ), an uncommon complication of the treatment of @entity891 secondary to pneumothorax or @entity1143 , are described. @entity3126 is generally unilateral and occurs when the lung is rapidly reexpanded by active evacuation of large amounts of air or fluid. Nevertheless, both cases observed confirm that @entity3126 can be seen when the @entity358 is of short duration and the lung is reexpanded without suction. The pathogenesis of @entity3126 is still unclear and is probably multifactorial. Implicated in the etiological process of @entity3126 are chronicity of collapse, technique of reexpansion, @entity358 , @entity1224 , loss of surfactant, and pulmonary artery pressure changes. In the observed cases @entity3126 appeared unexpectedly and dramatically, which is typical of the condition. The @entity4 progressed for 24-48 hours, although it may persist for 4-5 days. Therapy was supportive and proportional to the severity of the clinical picture. Both needed mechanical ventilation, while only in case 1 was a hemodynamic support applied. Since the outcome is still fatal in 20% of cases, physicians treating @entity891 must be aware of the possible causes and try to prevent the occurrence of this complication.

title: [Pulmonary re-expansion XXXX . Description of two cases and observations about its management].

entities_list: @entity1143 :: ('MESH:D010996', 'Disease') :: ['pleural effusion']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['RPE', 'Reexpansion pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['chronic lung collapse']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary collapse', 'increased pulmonary vascular permeability']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['airway obstruction']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['edema']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: We analyzed the incidence of @entity74 in 6-year molars during the first phase of mixed dentition, and then determined the risks for later dental arch development according to specific combinations of orthodontic @entity3232 . We, thus, aimed to derive potential conclusions for preventative orthodontics. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 8,041 kindergarten and school @entity1 with early mixed dentition were randomly selected and clinically examined. Examinations were performed in two consecutive years during the standard dental screening that school @entity1 undergo. The average age was 6.9 years. We defined an @entity203 of the 6-year molars as being disturbed when (1) the distal cusps had erupted further than the mesial cusps, (2) the mesial inclination of the occlusal surface revealed disturbed @entity203 , and (3) the 6-year molar had erupted below the second primary molar. RESULTS: Disturbed @entity203 of the first permanent molars was observed in 102 of these @entity1 . The upper 6-year molars were affected more often (88.5%) than the lower molars. Bilateral disturbed @entity203 of the upper molars was the most frequent combination of symptoms found. Although disturbed @entity203 was diagnosed most often in 6- and 7-year-old @entity1 , the 8-year-old @entity1 presented 20% of the @entity74 . Moreover, 72.6% of the @entity1 with disturbed @entity203 presented at least one additional orthodontic malocclusion. Crowding (p  <= 0.001), @entity3232 (p  <= 0.001), and mandibular prognathism (p = 0.009) were present significantly more often in @entity1 with disturbed @entity203 of 6-year molars. CONCLUSION: Delayed @entity203 and false direction of @entity203 of the upper 6-year molars may-already at an early stage-raise the likelihood of problems during later dental arch development, such as crowding in the sagittal and transverse directions or Class III developments.

title: Correlation between the frequency of @entity74 for first permanent molars and the occurrence of XXXX in early mixed dentition.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity203 :: ('MESH:D003875', 'Disease') :: ['eruption']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['eruption disorders']

entities_list: @entity3232 :: ('MESH:D008310', 'Disease') :: ['malocclusions', 'lateral malocclusions']

answer: @entity3232 :: (MESH:D008310,Disease) :: ['malocclusions']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the feasibility, safety and efficacy of endovascular reconstructive treatment by multiple overlapping stents with or without coils. METHODS: Totally 17 @entity1 of vertebrobasilar fusiform @entity439 treated by multiple overlapping stents with or without coils between September 2011 and September 2015 in Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. There were 15 male and 2 female @entity1 with mean age of (47  13) years. Clinical manifestations included @entity510 in 5 @entity1 , @entity2806 or @entity1188 in the posterior circulation in 5 @entity1 , mass effect accompanied with @entity1188 in 1 @entity1 , @entity10 or @entity1296 in 4, and incidental findings in 2 @entity1 . @entity439 located in intracranial vertebral artery in 11 @entity1 , vertebrobasilar junction in 2 @entity1 , and basilar trunk in 4 @entity1 . Mean aneurysmal size was 18.5 mm*8.0 mm(length*width). RESULTS: Sole stenting with overlapping stents was performed in 8 @entity1 , and overlapping stents with coils was applied in 9 @entity1 . Post-procedural @entity548 occurred in a @entity1 with a @entity439 and led to death. The 16 surviving @entity1 were clinically followed up for a mean of 21.1 months. One @entity1 had a modified Rankin score of 4, and the other @entity1 had a good recovery. Among 15 @entity1 with a mean angiographic follow-up of 8.6 months, 9 @entity1 had their @entity439 further thrombosed, 3 @entity1 were stable, and 3 @entity1 with a recurred @entity439 . Final complete occlusion was achieved in 7 @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Reconstructive treatment by overlapping stents with or without coils is feasible and relative safe in vertebrobasilar fusiform @entity439 .

title: [Endovascular reconstructive treatment of vertebrobasilar fusiform XXXX by multiple overlapping stents with or without coils].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischemia']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['brainstem infarction', 'infarction']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'giant basilar trunk fusiform aneurysm', 'Aneurysm', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity1296 :: ('MESH:D004244', 'Disease') :: ['dizziness']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysms']


abstract: OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: The aim of this study was to review complications occurring as a result of @entity50 by one surgeon in an academic practice during a 25-year period. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective clinical study. METHODS: A register of complications was tabulated during a period of 25 years for @entity50 performed for chronic rhinosinusitis in 3,402 @entity1 (6,148 sides). All complications were reviewed as a whole and were not divided into major or minor categories. RESULTS: A total of 105 @entity1 were found to have complicated @entity50 , for an overall @entity1 complication rate of 0.031, or 0.017 per operated side. The most common complications were @entity548 (n = 41), orbital complications (n = 29), and CSF leak (n = 19). The following factors were noted to have increased risk for complications: age, revision surgery, nasal @entity1127 , anatomic variation, extensive disease, overall health, medications, and underlying factors. Certain types of instrumentation such as powered instrumentation placed @entity1 at greater risk. The use of image guidance or surgical experience did not eliminate complications from occurring. CONCLUSIONS: Complications of @entity50 still occur 25 years after the initial introduction of the surgery in 1985. Many complications can be managed without a bad outcome. The key to prevention is knowledge of anatomy, preparation, anticipation, and experience. Even then, complications can occur in the most experienced hands. @entity1 most at risk for complications include those with revision surgery, extensive disease, skull base anatomic or radiologic variations or dehiscences related to disease or previous surgery, and the use of powered instrumentation.

title: Complications in XXXX for chronic rhinosinusitis: a 25-year experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity50 :: ('MESH:D012851', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic sinus surgery']

answer: @entity50 :: (MESH:D012851,Disease) :: ['endoscopic sinus surgery']


abstract: CONTEXT: Unfavorable lipid levels contribute to @entity65 and may also harm bone health. OBJECTIVE: To investigate relationships between fasting plasma lipid levels and incident @entity174 in midlife @entity1 undergoing the menopausal transition. DESIGN AND SETTING: A 13-year prospective, longitudinal study of multi-ethnic @entity1 in five US communities, with near-annual assessments. @entity1 : At baseline, 2062 pre- or early peri-menopausal @entity1 who had no history of @entity174 . EXPOSURES: Fasting plasma total @entity165 (TC), @entity1674 (TG), low-density lipoprotein- @entity165 (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein- @entity165 (HDL-C), at baseline and follow-up visits 1, and 3 through 7. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Incident non-traumatic @entity174 1) 2 or more years after baseline, in relation to a single baseline level of lipids and 2) 2 to 5 years later, in relation to time-varying lipid levels. Cox proportional-hazards modellings estimated hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: Among the lipids, TG levels changed the most, with median levels increased by 16% during follow-up. An increase of 50 mg/dL in baseline TG level was associated with a 1.1-fold increased hazards of @entity174 (adjusted HR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.04-1.18). @entity1 with baseline TG >=  300 mg/dL had an adjusted 2.5-fold greater hazards for @entity174 (95% CI: 1.13-5.44) than @entity1 with baseline TG < 150 mg/dL. Time-varying analyses showed a comparable TG level- @entity174 risk relationship. No associations between TC, LDL-C or HDL-C levels and @entity174 were observed. CONCLUSIONS: Midlife @entity1 with high fasting plasma @entity1674 had an increased risk of incident non-traumatic @entity174 .

title: Triglyceride Levels and Fracture Risk in Midlife XXXX : Study of @entity1 's Health Across the Nation (SWAN).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Women']


abstract: Normal human serum effectively inhibits a bioassay for @entity28216 based on DNA synthesis by @entity95 erythroid precursors. This heat-sensitive inhibitory activity is readily lost on dilution of serum, revealing the presence of @entity28216 -potentiating activity. Inhibitory activity is caused by a rapid cytotoxic effect on @entity95 bone marrow cells; @entity19 cells are less sensitive. Cytotoxic activity is removed from serum by adsorption to protein A, is not expressed at 4 degrees C, and is neutralized by anti-C3c complement antibody. @entity137 is inhibited by @entity4527 ; the effect of EGTA is reversed by addition of @entity141 ions. These findings show that @entity137 is exerted through an antibody via the classical pathway of complement-dependent cell lysis. Although serum from healthy, adult @entity1 donors consistently contains cytotoxic activity, no such activity is observed in most serum samples from neonates, parturients, and @entity1 with severe @entity417 . @entity1 with @entity6582 or chronic @entity177 occasionally lack cytotoxic activity in their serum. Serum samples lacking cytotoxic activity were found to be deficient in the antibody component in 34 out of 35 cases examined. These results show that an antibody directed against @entity95 cells is constitutively present in normal human serum but is absent in a number of pathologic situations as well as being absent in neonates and parturients.

title: A constitutive antibody in normal human serum directed against XXXX bone marrow cells: lack in parturients, neonates, and hematologic disorders.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6582 :: ('MESH:D011086', 'Disease') :: ['polycythemia']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Cytotoxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

answer: @entity95 :: (9986,Species) :: ['rabbit']


abstract: Exercise stimulates muscle protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR), but the importance of contractile intensity and whether it interplays with feeding is not understood. This was investigated following two distinct resistance exercise (RE) contraction intensities using an intrasubject design in the fasted (n = 10) and fed (n = 10) states. RE consisted of 10 sets of knee extensions. One leg worked against light load (LL) at 16% of one-repetition maximum (1RM), the other leg against @entity9420 ( @entity9420 ) at 70% 1RM, with intensities equalized for total lifted load. Males were infused with [(13)C]leucine, and vastus lateralis biopsies were obtained bilaterally at rest as well as 0.5, 3, and 5.5 h after RE. Western blots were run on muscle lysates and phosphospecific antibodies used to detect phosphorylation status of targets involved in regulation of FSR. The intramuscular collagen FSR was evenly increased following LL- and @entity9420 -RE and was not affected by feeding. Myofibrillar FSR was unaffected by LL-RE, whereas @entity9420 -RE resulted in a delayed improvement (0.14 +/- 0.02%/h, P < 0.05). Myofibrillar FSR was increased at rest by feeding (P < 0.05) and remained elevated late in the postexercise period compared with the fasting condition. The Rp-s6k-4E-binding protein-1 (BP1) and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPk) pathways were activated by the @entity9420 intensity and were suggested to be responsible for regulating myofibrillar FSR in response to adequate contractile activity. Feeding predominantly affected Rp-s6k and eukaryotic elongation factor 2 phosphorylations in correspondence with the observed changes in myofibrillar FSR, whereas @entity5291 remained to respond only to the @entity9420 contraction intensity. Thus the study design allows us to conclude that the MAPk- and @entity1 target of @entity3446 -dependent signaling responds to contractile activity, whereas elongation mainly was found to respond to feeding. Furthermore, although functionally linked, the contractile and the supportive matrix structures upregulate their protein synthesis rate quite differently in response to feeding and contractile activity and intensity.

title: Contraction intensity and feeding affect collagen and myofibrillar protein synthesis rates differently in XXXX skeletal muscle.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian']

entities_list: @entity3446 :: ('MESH:D020123', 'Chemical') :: ['rapamycin']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: An early 'induced protein', after exposure of the @entity35 uterus to @entity53 , is detected among the soluble proteins with a double-labelling technique and electrophoretic fractionation. Efforts have been directed to establish the subcellular distribution of the induced protein, since such a protein, observable 1 h after hormone administration, may play an important role in the subsequent amplified responses, especially in terms of RNA synthesis. Moreover such an early discrete induced protein was sought in a comparable system responding to another hormone, namely prostate and seminal vesicles under @entity3800 . The induced protein was not found in uterine nuclei of 21-day-old @entity35 after 1 h of @entity53 action in vivo and 1 h of tissue incubation with labelled @entity368 . This negative result summarizes a search among different nuclear protein fractions using various procedures; nor was induced protein observed in mitochondrial and microsomal pellets. Contrary to these negative findings, slight changes of histone labelling were observed under the experimental conditions used to demonstrate induced protein. In addition histone acetylation was increased after 1 h of @entity53 action in vivo and 15 min tissue labelling in vitro with radioactive @entity598 . Furthermore, an increase in total protein synthesis between 0 and 2 h after @entity53 action was observed, the relative increase of incorporation of radioactive @entity368 into protein of @entity53 -treated vs non-stimulated uteri being corrected for variations of the acid-soluble radioactive @entity368 pool. Attempts to obtain an early and discrete induced protein with @entity3800 in prostate and seminal vesicles of immature or castrated @entity35 after different times of exposure to @entity251 , @entity586 and @entity53 have been unsuccessful. The contribution of both negative and positive findings in @entity134 -induced early protein synthesis is discussed in the context of the current knowledge of hormone action.

title: XXXX -induced early protein synthesis in @entity35 uterus and prostate.

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

entities_list: @entity586 :: ('MESH:D013196', 'Chemical') :: ['androstanolone']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity3800 :: ('MESH:D000728', 'Chemical') :: ['androgens']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['Steroid']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity32 plays a crucial role in the development and progression of @entity571 ( @entity571 ). @entity8252 ( @entity8252 ) is a well-known proinflammatory cytokine. OBJECTIVE: We aimed at evaluating the relationship between serum @entity8252 levels and the severity of @entity158 as well as radiographic progression in @entity1 with knee @entity571 . METHODS: Two hundred and twenty-six @entity571 @entity1 and 106 controls were enrolled in this study. The symptomatic/radiological severity of @entity571 was assessed by the Western Ontario @entity571 Index- (WOMAC-) @entity158 scores/Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) grading system. Serum @entity8252 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: Serum @entity8252 levels were significantly higher in @entity571 @entity1 compared with controls. Serum @entity8252 levels were independently and positively correlated with @entity158 scores but not KL grades in @entity571 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: We demonstrated that increased serum @entity8252 levels were independently correlated with self-reported greater @entity158 in knee @entity571 @entity1 . These results suggest that @entity8252 might play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of @entity571 related @entity158 and therapeutic interventions by blocking @entity8252 signaling pathways to delay the @entity179 related @entity158 which warrants further investigations.

title: Serum @entity8252 levels are associated with severity of @entity158 in XXXX with knee osteoarthritis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['Inflammation']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['osteoarthritis', 'OA', 'McMaster University Osteoarthritis']

entities_list: @entity179 :: ('MESH:D019636', 'Disease') :: ['degenerative process of OA']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'WOMAC-pain']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Macrophage-specific expression of Arginase-1 is commonly believed to promote @entity32 , @entity82 , and wound healing by enhancing @entity10653 , @entity4664 , and @entity61 cytokine production. Here, however, we show that macrophage-specific @entity23233 functions as an inhibitor of @entity32 and @entity82 following infection with the @entity61 -inducing pathogen @entity380 . Although susceptibility to infection was not affected by the conditional deletion of @entity23233 in macrophages, @entity23233 (-/flox);LysMcre @entity19 died at an accelerated rate. The mortality was not due to acute @entity630 / @entity13633 -mediated hepatotoxicity or @entity5694 . Instead, @entity32 , liver @entity82 , and portal @entity101 increased in infected @entity23233 (-/flox);LysMcre @entity19 . Similar findings were obtained with @entity23233 (flox/flox);Tie2cre @entity19 , which delete @entity23233 in all macrophage populations. Production of @entity61 cytokines increased in the infected @entity23233 (-/flox);LysMcre @entity19 , and unlike alternatively activated wild-type macrophages, @entity23233 (-/flox);LysMcre macrophages failed to inhibit T cell proliferation in vitro, providing an underlying mechanism for the exacerbated @entity61 pathology. The suppressive activity of @entity23233 -expressing macrophages was independent of @entity1618 and @entity641 . However, when exogenous @entity8561 was provided, T cell proliferation was restored, suggesting that @entity23233 -expressing macrophages deplete @entity369 , which is required to sustain CD4(+) T cell responses. These data identify @entity23233 as the essential suppressive mediator of alternatively activated macrophages (AAM) and demonstrate that @entity23233 -expressing macrophages function as suppressors rather than inducers of @entity61 -dependent @entity32 and @entity82 .

title: Arginase-1-expressing macrophages suppress XXXX cytokine-driven @entity32 and @entity82 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'granulomatous inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5694 :: ('MESH:D019446', 'Disease') :: ['endotoxemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity380 :: ('6183', 'Species') :: ['Schistosoma mansoni']

entities_list: @entity4664 :: ('CHEBI:60143', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamine']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity61 :: (15111(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Th2']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Chronic rhinosinusitis is a @entity66 resulting in @entity73 . Recent literature suggests that different bacterial species are associated with varied disease severity. We examined the immediate effect of microbial secreted factors on sinonasal ciliary function. METHODS: @entity19 primary sinonasal cultures were established in an air-liquid interface (ALI). Bacterial supernatants were isolated from H. influenza, @entity2260 , @entity794 , and @entity796 cultures, as well as co-cultures of H. influenza/ @entity2260 and @entity794 / @entity796 . Controlling for pH and osmolarity, supernatants were administered at 50% concentration to the apical surface of the ALI culture. Basal @entity2198 ( @entity2198 ) was recorded for 20 minutes, at 5-minute intervals. Control groups were treated with culture broth. At minimum, experiments were performed in triplicate. Stimulated @entity2198 was recorded after mechanical stimulation via short bursts of pressurized air (55 mmHg). RESULTS: All supernatants reduced basal @entity2198 . @entity2260 and @entity796 caused significant reduction in @entity2198 at all time points, with the largest decrease of -46.3    1.6% (p < 0.001) for @entity2260 and -27.1    2.8% (p < 0.001) for @entity796 . @entity794 caused the basal @entity2198 to decline by -33.0    2.8% (p < 0.001) at 5 minutes, which reversed by 20 minutes. Overall, H. influenza yielded the least change in @entity2198 (-20.0    2.8%, p < 0.002). Co-cultures (H. influenza/ @entity2260 and @entity794 / @entity796 ) resulted in delayed @entity2198 reduction compared with monocultures. @entity796 also blunted stimulated @entity2198 (p < 0.02). CONCLUSION: Results demonstrated acute decreases in @entity19 sinonasal @entity2198 after exposure to bacterial supernatants. Moreover, @entity796 resulted in diminished ciliary stimulation capacity.

title: Regulation of XXXX sinonasal cilia function by microbial secreted factors.

entities_list: @entity2198 :: ('MESH:D006316', 'Disease') :: ['ciliary beat frequency', 'CBF']

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['P. aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multifactorial disease']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired mucociliary clearance']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['murine']