abstract: Contracture, or loss of @entity11535 ( @entity11535 ) of a joint, is a common clinical problem in individuals with @entity1566 ( @entity1566 ). In order to measure the possible contribution of changes in muscle length to the loss of ankle @entity11535 , the active force vs. angle curves for the tibialis anterior (TA) and gastrocnemiussoleus (GS) were measured in 20 @entity1 , 10 with @entity1566 , and 10 gender and age matched, neurologically intact (NI) individuals. Electrical stimuli were applied to the TA and GS motor nerves at incremented angles of the entire @entity11535 of the ankle and the resulting ankle and knee torques were measured using a multi-axis load cell. The muscle forces of the TA and GS were calculated from the torque measurements using estimates of their respective moment arms and the resulting forces were plotted against joint angle. The force-angle relation for the GS at the ankle (GSA) was significantly shifted into plantar flexion in @entity1566 subjects, compared to NI controls (t-test, p<0.001). Similar results were obtained based upon the GS knee (GSK) force-angle measurements (p<0.05). Conversely, no significant shift in the force-angle relation was found for the TA (p=0.138). Differences in the passive @entity11535 were consistent with the force-angle changes. The @entity11535 in the dorsiflexion direction was significantly smaller in @entity1566 subjects compared to NI controls (p<0.05) while the plantar flexion @entity11535 was not significantly different (p=0.114). Based upon these results, we concluded that muscle shortening is an important component of contracture in @entity1566 .

title: Length-tension properties of ankle muscles in chronic XXXX @entity1566 .

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity11535 :: ('MESH:D009041', 'Disease') :: ['ROM', 'range of motion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The MiCardia DYANA annuloplasty system (MiCardia Corp, Irvine, @entity2948 ) is a @entity5648 -based dynamic complete ring that allows modification of the septal-lateral diameter under transesophageal echocardiography guidance in the loaded beating heart after mitral valve repair. Shape alteration is induced by radiofrequency via detachable activation wires. This multicenter study reports the first @entity1 experience with this device. METHODS: @entity1 (n = 35, 67    8 years) with degenerative (n = 29), functional/ @entity63 (n = 5), or rheumatic (n = 1) @entity339 underwent mitral valve repair using the new device. We analyzed the occurrence of @entity204 , @entity884 , ring dehiscence, systolic anterior motion, @entity1031 , @entity3126 , @entity616 , @entity943 , @entity2142 , or @entity583 at 30 days (primary end point) and 6 months (secondary end point) postprocedure. RESULTS: All @entity1 exhibited @entity339 or less early postoperatively and at 6 months follow-up. In 29 @entity1 , the initial mitral valve repair result was satisfactory and no ring activation was required. In 6 @entity1 , the @entity5648 -based ring was deformed intraoperatively postrepair with further improvement of @entity339 in all cases (preactivation: 0.9    0.2, postactivation: 0.2    0.3; P = .001). One @entity204 (2.9%, @entity881 , non-device related), 2 @entity943 (5.7%), and 1 @entity616 (2.9%) occurred, all in the first 30 days after surgery. No additional major adverse clinical events occurred later than 1 month postprocedure (total observed major adverse clinical event rate 11.5%). CONCLUSIONS: The implantation of the new dynamic annuloplasty ring allows for safe mitral valve repair. The option of postrepair modification of the septal-lateral diameter by radiofrequency may further optimize repair results.

title: Dynamic annuloplasty for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity339 :: ('MESH:D008944', 'Disease') :: ['mitral regurgitation', 'mitral regurgitation of 2']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular arrhythmia', 'ventricular arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity3126 :: ('MESH:D011654', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary edema']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['heart block']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multisystem organ failure']

entities_list: @entity2142 :: ('MESH:D006461', 'Disease') :: ['hemolysis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity884 :: ('MESH:D004696', 'Disease') :: ['endocarditis']

answer: @entity339 :: (MESH:D008944,Disease) :: ['mitral regurgitation']


abstract: A total of 1100 sessions of extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) were made in 720 @entity1 with @entity1791 in the last decade with application of LGK-Compact lithotripter which generates shock waves electrodynamically and has no focusing lens. Such lithotriptor allows ESWL in @entity1 with a high anesthesiological risk. Fitting the LGK-Compact lithotriptor with an endourological complex ENDO-MIT tooled for low-invasive interventions under X-ray control enabled treatment of 467 @entity1 with @entity1791 aged 30-80 years. Most of the @entity1 (66.04%) were at the productive age of 18-50 years. ESWL on the LGK-Compact lithotriptor was made in 182 @entity1 (mean number of sessions was 2.1). Six and 12 month follow-up examinations registered complete elimination of the fragments in 169 @entity1 . Thirty-four @entity1 with concrements of the intramural ureter were exposed to 1 to 3 sessions. The fragments eliminated for 1-14 days after the session in 25 @entity1 . Three @entity1 developed stone path which evacuated spontaneously in two cases. For 3 years transcutaneous nephrolithotripsy was conducted in 214 @entity1 . The concrements were removed during one operation in 156 (72.9%) @entity1 , 58 (26.1%) @entity1 had residual fragments. Reoperation was made in 34 @entity1 7-12 days after the first intervention. In the rest 24 cases (11.2%) residual fragments were removed by means of ESWL on LGK-Compact. Thus, ESWL is a leading technique in management of uncomplicated uroliths maximum 2 cm in size. When indications to ESWL are limited or this method is not effective, the role of roentgenoendoscopic interventions, such as transcutaneous nephrolithotripsy and transurethral contact ureterolithotripsy, takes on special significance. Such clinical innovation as endourological complex ENDO-MIT with lithotripter LGK-Compact made in Russia opens new perspectives of the treatment of @entity1791 and other @entity5450 due to introduction of novel highly effective domestic technologies leading to a significant @entity260 and time of treatment, to 1.5-2 fold reduction in costs of equipment compared to foreign analogues.

title: [Low-invasive techniques in the treatment of XXXX with application of innovative equipment made in Russia].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urolithiasis']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urological diseases']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['reduction in the number of postoperative complications']

answer: @entity1791 :: (MESH:D052878,Disease) :: ['urolithiasis']


abstract: Fifty-one @entity1 who had complete motor @entity1688 secondary to a @entity174 or dislocation of the cervical spine were managed by anterior cervical decompression and arthrodesis with iliac bone grafts between 1973 and 1983. In all @entity1 , myelography demonstrated that displaced fragments of bone and disc were compressing the anterior aspect of the spinal cord. Decompression was performed in an attempt to gain further improvement of the motor-roots in the upper extremities and thereby to improve the ability of the @entity1 to care for themselves. The average interval from the @entity130 was fifteen months (range, one month to eight years). Two @entity1 died within two months after the operation, one had a @entity1576 that resulted in @entity75 one day after the operation, and two died from @entity65 more than one year after the operation. The remaining forty-six @entity1 were followed for an average of five years (range, two to thirteen years). Neurological improvement of at least two new functional motor-root levels was documented in seven @entity1 and of one level, in eighteen. Increased motor strength by two or three grades was seen in six @entity1 . Noteworthy motor improvement did not occur in the remaining twenty @entity1 . The mean modified Barthel index (used to measure improvement in the ability to perform activities of daily living) increased from 17 to 33 (of a possible 100) points. Functionally important improvement of the caudad part of the cord occurred in only one @entity1 . In one @entity1 , @entity130 , with loss of one motor-root level, occurred, with only partial improvement. At the latest follow-up examination, the result was poor in nine of eleven @entity1 who had decompression eighteen months or more after the injury. Only two of these @entity1 had any improvement in the Barthel index, and then of only 5 points each. The result also was poor in the five @entity1 who were more than fifty-three years old; two had no improvement in the Barthel index, one improved by 5 points, and two died.

title: Anterior decompression and arthrodesis of the cervical spine: long-term motor improvement. Part II--Improvement in complete traumatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1688 :: ('MESH:D011782', 'Disease') :: ['quadriplegia']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain damage']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory arrest']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['injury to the decompression', 'neural injury']

answer: @entity1688 :: (MESH:D011782,Disease) :: ['quadriplegia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1369 blockade reduces sudden @entity204 in @entity712 , but the underlying mechanism is unclear. OBJECTIVE: This study's aim was to determine whether chronic @entity14292 treatment protects against detrimental ventricular electrical remodeling and development of an arrhythmogenic substrate in a rapid ventricular pacing (RVP)-induced @entity712 model. METHODS: @entity235 were assigned randomly to oral placebo or @entity14292 treatment and divided into 4 groups: 2 sham-operated (no RVP) and 2 RVP groups. After 5 weeks of no RVP or RVP along with concurrent placebo or @entity14292 treatment, @entity235 underwent echocardiographic assessments of systolic function and chamber size and electrophysiologic measurements of ventricular repolarization, refractoriness, conduction, @entity591 inducibility, and myocardial activation delays after premature stimulation. RESULTS: @entity14292 failed to prevent @entity1002 or chamber enlargement in RVP @entity235 . @entity14292 attenuated prolongation of ventricular repolarization and refractoriness, increases in dispersion of repolarization and refractoriness, fractionation of ventricular electrograms, and delays in myocardial activation after premature stimulation at short coupling intervals and improved @entity943 vulnerability score in RVP @entity235 with @entity712 . @entity1165 inducibility in @entity712 @entity235 was predicted by activation delays after premature stimulation at short coupling intervals, which were prevented by @entity14292 . @entity14292 did not alter electrophysiological parameters in no-RVP @entity235 without @entity712 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity14292 attenuates @entity712 -related ventricular electrical remodeling and @entity591 vulnerability. Inhibition of myocardial activation delays during premature excitation may contribute to preventing development of an arrhythmogenic ventricular substrate in @entity712 .

title: @entity1369 blockade attenuates development of an electrophysiological substrate associated with XXXX in @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity1369 :: ('MESH:D000450', 'Chemical') :: ['Aldosterone']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity14292 :: ('MESH:C414690', 'Chemical') :: ['eplerenone', 'Eplerenone']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachyarrhythmia']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity1002 :: ('MESH:D018487', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular systolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachyarrhythmias']


abstract: @entity15224 is one of the classical @entity74 in @entity1 . The typical @entity66 in @entity1 ( @entity15224 ) is caused by @entity15224 . We recently generated a new @entity19 model of a late-onset, chronic form of the disease by inactivating @entity49031 , the essential activator of galactosylceramidase. The phenotypic features of saposin A(-/-) @entity19 are qualitatively identical but milder than those of twitcher @entity19 , which is caused by @entity74 . During intercrossing of saposin A(-/-) @entity19 , we observed that affected females that are continually pregnant showed greatly improved neurological symptoms compared to affected females that do not experience pregnancy, or affected males. The pathological @entity15224 , @entity17 with infiltration of globoid cells, largely disappeared. The immune-related gene expression ( @entity8929 , @entity637 ) was significantly down-regulated in the brain of pregnant saposin A(-/-) @entity19 . In addition, we found intense expression of the @entity172 receptors ( @entity11716 and @entity11717 ) on the globoid cells, activated astrocytes and microglia in the demyelinating area of saposin A(-/-) @entity19 . When saposin A(-/-) @entity19 were subcutaneously implanted with time-release @entity53 (E2) pellets from 30 to 90 days, the pathology was vastly improved. These findings suggest that a higher level of @entity172 during pregnancy is one of the important factors in the protective effect of pregnancy. While we should be cautious in extrapolating these observations in the @entity19 to @entity1 disease, the phenomenon is spectacularly dramatic and @entity172 administration might be worth a consideration as a supplementary treatment for some chronic @entity74 .

title: Dramatic phenotypic improvement during pregnancy in a XXXX : @entity172 appears to be a critical factor.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'man']

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity17 :: ('MESH:D003711', 'Disease') :: ['demyelination']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['infantile disease']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['17 beta-estradiol']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic leukodystrophies', 'genetic galactosylceramidase deficiency']

entities_list: @entity15224 :: ('MESH:D007965', 'Disease') :: ['deficiency of lysosomal galactosylceramidase', 'hallmark of globoid cell leukodystrophy', 'Globoid cell leukodystrophy', 'Krabbe disease']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['genetic leukodystrophy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the rate of medical complications from long-term video-electroencephalographic (EEG) monitoring for @entity302 . @entity1 AND METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of 428 consecutive adult @entity1 with @entity302 who were admitted for diagnostic scalp video-EEG monitoring at Mayo Clinic's site in Arizona from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2006; 149 met inclusion criteria for the study. @entity410 number and type as well as timing and presence of @entity410 -related adverse outcomes were noted. RESULTS: Of the 149 adult @entity1 included in the study, @entity410 clusters occurred in 35 (23%); 752 @entity410 were recorded. The mean time to first @entity410 was 2 days, with a mean length of stay of 5 days. Among these @entity1 , there was 1 episode of @entity159 , 3 potentially serious electrocardiographic abnormalities, 2 cases of @entity716 during a generalized @entity410 , representing 11% of @entity1 with a recorded generalized tonic-clonic @entity410 . No deaths, transfers to the intensive care unit, falls, @entity8495 , or @entity358 were recorded. An adverse event requiring intervention or interfering with normal activity occurred in 21% of these @entity1 . Length of stay was not affected by occurrence of adverse events. CONCLUSION: Prolonged video-EEG monitoring is an acceptably safe procedure. Adverse events occur but need not result in substantial morbidity or increase length of hospitalization. Appropriate precautions must be in place to prevent falls and promptly detect and treat @entity410 clusters, @entity159 , serious electrocardiographic abnormalities, @entity716 , and @entity174 .

title: Safety of long-term video-electroencephalographic monitoring for evaluation of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures', 'convulsion', 'Seizure']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity8495 :: ('MESH:D018677', 'Disease') :: ['dental injuries']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['postictal psychosis, and 4 vertebral compression fractures', 'psychosis']

entities_list: @entity159 :: ('MESH:D013226', 'Disease') :: ['status epilepticus']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the number interventions and outcomes in @entity1 referred with two consecutive @entity42834 cervical smear results who were managed either by a wait-and-see policy or aggressively, and to determine whether triage with high-risk @entity1082 (hr-HPV) detection, resulting in the referral of only hr-HPV positive @entity1 , would lead to the detection of all @entity1 with @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ). DESIGN: Retrospective comparison and retrospective cohort study. METHOD: 282 @entity1 referred in 1997/'99 with 2 consecutive @entity42834 cervical smears in the screening program were included. @entity1 referred to the UMC St Radboud Hospital (n = 140; mean age: 45 years) underwent a colposcopy during which only lesions suggestive for @entity3146 3 were treated. All other colposcopic lesions ( @entity3146 2 or less) were not treated but followed prospectively. @entity1 referred to the Canisius Wilhelmina Hospital (CWZ) (n = 142; mean age: 44 years) underwent colposcopy during which all colposcopic lesions (including @entity3146 2 or less) were treated directly. The two groups were compared in terms of the final cytological follow-up, the number of loop excisions, and the number of @entity1 with @entity3146 . The mean follow up was 40 months. In the first group, the effect of triage using hr-HPV detection was also investigated retrospectively. RESULTS: With the wait-and-see approach, statistically significantly fewer diathermic loop excisions were done: 13 versus 124. After the follow-up period there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups in terms of the number of @entity1 with persisting @entity42834 : 16 (11%) versus 12 (8%). Triage with hr-HPV detection would identify all @entity1 with @entity3146 3, 50% of the @entity1 with @entity3146 2, and none of the @entity1 with @entity3146 1; of the 48 hr-HPV-positive @entity1 , 1 had a @entity3146 3 lesion and 3 had a @entity3146 2 lesion; of the remaining 92 @entity1 , 2 had a @entity3146 1 lesion and 3 had a @entity3146 2 lesion. CONCLUSION: The wait-and-see approach led to fewer interventions, while the number of @entity1 with persisting @entity42834 smears was not higher than with the aggressive approach. Triage with hr-HPV may reduce the number of referrals and colposcopies, but follow-up remains necessary in all @entity1 regardless of hr-HPV status.

title: [Wait-and-see policy versus loop excision after two consecutive Pap-2 cervical smears: over time less surgery and an equivalent outcome; no substantial contribution to be expected from the detection of high risk XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: We analyze our experience on BPH through 20 years of histopathological examinations performed by the same pathologist. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed all histopathological examinations performed from January 1979 to December 1998 in @entity1 undergoing surgery in our urological clinic who were diagnosed with BPH. We limited our evaluation to the following variables in each BPH case analyzed: inflammatory aspects associated with BPH, presence of focal acinar @entity194 , @entity1412 ( @entity1412 ), @entity5436 ( @entity5436 ), @entity263 ( @entity263 ). These histological variables were analyzed according to some clinical parameters such as age, prostate volume and serum PSA. RESULTS: The study population was comprised of 3942 cases with histological diagnosis of BPH. The mean @entity1 age was 68.85+/-7.67 years. In particular, inflammatory aspects were associated with BPH in a high percentage of cases (43.1% =1700 cases), predominantly as @entity32 . Observation of focal acinar @entity194 significantly increased according to @entity1 decade of age (p=0.027). There was a significant trend to increase with age decades (p=0.036) for high grade @entity5436 . A significant difference was found in @entity263 (T1a, T1b) distribution in the different decades of age and especially in regards to both T1a and T1b @entity5 , there was a trend to increase with @entity1 age (p=0.020 and p=0.025, respectively). On the contrary, the distribution of inflammatory aspects (p<0.001) and @entity1412 (p=0.003) significantly varied according to prostate volume, and particularly in regards to @entity32 , there was a trend to increase depending on the prostate volume (p=0.002). Only the presence of T1b @entity5 but not of the other histological parameters associated to BPH, was able to significantly influence serum PSA. CONCLUSION: In our analysis different histological variables associated to BPH are differently influenced by the age of @entity1 and prostate volume, and they differently influence serum PSA levels.

title: Distribution of XXXX , pre-malignant lesions, incidental carcinoma in histologically confirmed benign prostatic hyperplasia: a retrospective analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['chronic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['incidental prostate carcinoma', 'IC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['AAH', 'atypical adenomatous hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia', 'PIN']

answer: @entity32 :: (MESH:D007249,Disease) :: ['inflammation']


abstract: Polymorphisms in @entity6820 , encoding an intracellular pattern recognition receptor, contribute the largest fraction of genetic risk for @entity30 among the >40 risk loci identified so far. Autophagy plays a prominent role in the innate immune response towards intracellular bacteria. The discovery of the autophagy genes @entity10617 and @entity10618 as risk factors for @entity30 turned autophagy into the spotlight in @entity29 ( @entity29 ). Remarkably, @entity6820 has recently been identified as a potent autophagy inducer. A physical interaction of @entity6820 and @entity10617 appears to be required for autophagic clearance of intracellular pathogens. Moreover, @entity30 -associated @entity6820 and @entity10617 variants exhibit a defect in the induction of an autophagic response and hence predict autophagy as a key converging mechanism that leads to @entity30 . Another pathway that is closely intertwined with autophagy and mutually cross-regulated is the unfolded protein response (UPR), which is induced by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Genes involved in the UPR ( @entity5594 , @entity36709 ) have also been genetically associated with @entity30 and @entity31 . Moreover, the intestinal epithelium at the interface between host and microbe appears particularly affected by @entity29 -associated hypomorphic function of autophagy and the UPR. The functional convergence of main genetic risk factors for @entity29 on these innate immune pathways has hence important implications for the host's interaction with the microbiota. Moreover, the genetic convergence on these molecular mechanisms may open novel therapeutic options for @entity29 that deserve further exploration.

title: XXXX : @entity6820 , autophagy and ER stress converge.

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity30 :: (MESH:D003424,Disease) :: ['Crohn's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIM: Occupational stress is a term used to define ongoing stress that is related to the workplace. The study was conducted to determine association of occupational stress index (OSI) and its aspects with @entity101 and @entity4977 using data from a cross-sectional survey of male professional drivers. METHODS: The cross-sectional study was performed in 439 professional drivers divided into groups (city- and intercity bus drivers, truck and taxi drivers). The OSI and OSI aspects (high demands, strictness, underload, extrinsic time pressure, noxious exposure, avoidance and conflict) were calculated using the standardized questionnaire. Determination of serum lipids, blood pressure (BP) and cardiovascular risk factors were done. RESULTS: A significant difference in prevalence of diagnosed @entity101 and @entity2299 was found along with a difference in total OSI and OSI aspects among examined subgroups of drivers. A total OSI was highest in city, high in intercity bus drivers, and the lowest one in truck and taxi drivers (82.79 +/- 3.5, 81.28 +/- 3.7, 73.75 +/- 3.5, 71.61 +/- 4.4, respectively; p < 0.01). Similar pattern showed @entity1674 (TG), total @entity165 (TC) and LDL @entity165 and BP, while HDL- @entity165 showed reverse order (p < 0.01). Logistic regression analyses with multiple OSI aspects adjusted for age and years of exposure showed associations of total OSI with @entity101 [OR 5.5; 95% CI (2.24-7.95)] and @entity2299 [OR 1.43 95% CI (1.09-2.80)]. Underload was the most important OSI aspect associated with the @entity101 [OR 1.18; 95% CI (1.04-2.58)] and elevated LDL @entity165 [1.26; 95 CI (1.19-2.1)]. A total OSI had a significant association with elevated LDL @entity165 [2.64; 95% CI (1.19-7.7)], @entity1674 [OR 3.27; 95% CI (1.20-5.1)] and low HDL @entity165 [OR 3.29; 95% CI (1.8-5.8)] (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The study provides the evidence for the significant association of total OSI and underload with @entity4977 and elevated blood pressure in professional drivers, which could be a possible link between job stress and @entity301 . Regular periodical examinations and workplace interventions aimed to decrease total OSI and underload are important aspects in primary prevention and additional reduction of cardiovascular risk.

title: Work stress related @entity4977 and XXXX in professional drivers - a cross-sectional study.

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity4977 :: ('MESH:D052439', 'Disease') :: ['lipid disorders']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['arterial hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity955 ( @entity955 ) is the most common sustained clinical @entity943 . Myocardial sleeves onto pulmonary veins (PVs) have been recognized as a frequent site of origin of focal triggers for this @entity943 . Expression of @entity4755 has been hypothesized to correspond with abnormal atrial automaticity. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a possible role of the @entity4755 immunoreactivity in @entity955 @entity1 , we studied @entity4755 expression in @entity296 . METHODS: @entity4755 was studied immunohistochemically in paraffin-embedded specimens from 55 @entity1 autopsied hearts (mean age 69 years, range 42-94 years, 34 males, 21 females). Twenty-two of the subjects had previous history of @entity955 . RESULTS: Myocardial sleeves were found in 151 out of a total number of 220 PVs (68.6%). @entity4755 granular cytoplasmatic positivity was observed in 15 (9.9%) PVs from 12 different hearts: 6 (15.4%) in the right superior, 4 (10.2%) in the right inferior, 4 (10.8%) in the left superior and 1 (2.7%) in the left inferior PV. This finding was revealed both in @entity1 with and without the history of @entity955 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity4755 positivity, hypothesized to correspond with abnormal atrial automaticity, can be detected in some @entity296 around PVs. However, no statistical relationship to previous history of @entity955 was found.

title: Expression of @entity4755 in XXXX around @entity1 pulmonary veins.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial sleeves']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['Atrial fibrillation', 'AF']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmia']

answer: @entity296 :: (MESH:D009202,Disease) :: ['myocardial sleeves']


abstract: Dietary composition has been strongly implicated as an important determinant of in vivo insulin sensitivity. However, the metabolic alterations associated with extreme changes in diet have not been well described. We compared @entity413 metabolism after a standard diet ([STD] 35% fat, 51% @entity1735 , and 14% protein) with the effects of a 3-week adaptation to a low- @entity1735 , high-fat diet ([ @entity12541 ] 75% fat, 8% @entity1735 , and 17% protein). Ten healthy @entity1 were studied using the euglycemic clamp technique, indirect calorimetry, and percutaneous vastus lateralis muscle biopsies for analysis of glycogen synthase (GS) and @entity2388 dehydrogenase ( @entity44868 ) activities in the basal and insulin-stimulated states. Insulin-stimulated @entity413 disposal was unchanged (STD 46.1 +/- 4.3 v @entity12541 46.0 +/- 4.3 mumol/kg.min, P = NS), but marked alterations in the routes of @entity413 disposal were noted. Insulin-stimulated @entity413 oxidation (Gox) was markedly reduced following @entity12541 (STD 18.6 +/- 1.9 v @entity12541 8.23 +/- 1.9 mumol/kg.min, P = .0001), and nonoxidative @entity413 metabolism (Gnox) was enhanced by @entity12541 (STD 24.9 +/- 0.9 v @entity12541 38.9 +/- 4.3 mumol/kg.min, P = .03). Following @entity12541 , both the total and active forms of @entity44868 (PDHt and @entity44868 ) were significantly depressed. After @entity12541 , GS activates (FV0.1, %I, and A0.5) were unaffected in the basal state, but were greater than for STD (P = .004) after insulin stimulation. The apparent increase in the sensitivity of GS to activation by insulin following @entity12541 correlated strongly with maximal O2 consumption ([VO2max] r = .97, P = .001), suggesting that physical conditioning interacted with the metabolic impact of @entity12541 . In summary, @entity12541 did not induce changes in net @entity413 disposal.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Low- @entity1735 diet alters intracellular XXXX metabolism but not overall @entity413 disposal in exercise-trained subjects.

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity2388 :: ('MESH:D019289', 'Chemical') :: ['pyruvate']

answer: @entity413 :: (MESH:D005947,Chemical) :: ['glucose']


abstract: There is increasing epidemiological evidence for a role of @entity56 in @entity5 development. However, findings have been inconsistent, which may be partly due to differences in defining @entity566 and the associated @entity74 . The use of a biological marker for @entity402 may enhance the exploration of the association with @entity5 risks. To examine the association of @entity402 with common @entity5 , we compared the prevalence of @entity402 in 318 @entity1 with @entity263 , 381 @entity1 with @entity0 , 196 @entity1 with @entity2 , 477 @entity1 with @entity14 and 4,271 controls in a case-control analysis of @entity1 of 2 prospective studies conducted in Saarland, Germany. Data on physician-diagnosed @entity66 ( @entity565 , hay @entity221 and @entity483 ) were obtained by self-administered questionnaire. Allergen-specific @entity9416 was assessed among cases and controls to define @entity402 . We observed a significantly increased risk of @entity263 (odds ratio (OR) 1.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.83) and a tentatively, statistically not significant increased risk of @entity0 (OR 1.20, 95% CI 0.87-1.66) and @entity2 (OR 1.29, 95% CI 0.87-1.92) with specific @entity9416 positivity. No consistent associations were found with @entity66 . Our findings are consistent with other epidemiological evidence suggesting an increased risk of @entity263 with @entity402 and indicate a complex association between @entity402 / @entity66 and @entity5 risk that varies by type of @entity74 and the particular type of @entity5 under consideration. The effect on @entity5 risk by @entity402 , defined by @entity9416 reactivity, may differ from the effect by @entity402 -related clinically defined diseases such as @entity565 , hay @entity221 and @entity483 .

title: @entity66 , @entity9416 and risk of XXXX , breast, lung and colorectum.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity483 :: ('MESH:D003876', 'Disease') :: ['atopic dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['atopy-related diseases']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic/atopic disorders']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['atopy-related disorders', 'atopic disorders']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity9416 :: ('3497', 'Gene') :: ['immunoglobulin E (IgE)', 'IgE']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['cancer of the prostate']


abstract: Among @entity1 with @entity717 , the prevalence of @entity393 is high. During the German Special Olympics Summer Games 2004, a hearing screening was conducted on 755 athletes with @entity717 . Obligatory screening included ear inspection and recording of otoacoustic emissions, and optional screening included tympanometry and brief pure-tone audiometry. 38.0% of the athletes failed the screening. 53.0% needed ear wax removal. 56.1% of the fails indicated @entity1274 and 13.6% indicated mixed @entity393 . 12.5% of the fails were caused by unremovable ear wax, 1.4% by ear canal affections, and 16.4% by middle ear problems. @entity2169 were more frequent than right ear fails. A peripheral hearing disturbance can thus be expected in every third subject. The high failure rate, a considerable percentage of previously undetected profound @entity393 (1.1%), and the frequent need for ear wax removal, suggest that nearly half of @entity1 with @entity717 need regular otological or audiological consultations.

title: Auditory status of @entity1 with XXXX at the German Special Olympic Games.

entities_list: @entity2169 :: ('MESH:D004427', 'Disease') :: ['Left ear fails']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['intellectual disabilities', 'intellectual disability']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss', 'hearing impairments']

answer: @entity717 :: (MESH:D009069,Disease) :: ['intellectual disability']


abstract: A 46-year-old female @entity1 was referred to our hospital for endoscopic treatment of stenotic pancreatogastrostomy. She had undergone pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy due to @entity189 of the papilla of Vater 5 years before referral. Two years after the operation, she had to be hospitalized several times during a 1-year period because of @entity656 caused by @entity850 of the @entity254 of the pancreatoduodenostomy. An endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided rendezvous technique was selected to puncture the main pancreatic duct via a transgastric approach. We identified the dilated main pancreatic duct with a convex array echoendoscope from the lower gastric body near the @entity254 and successfully punctured the dilated main pancreatic duct. The guidewire passed through the @entity850 to the gastric cavity and we could place a stent through the stenotic @entity254 . After the procedure, the @entity1 has not experienced @entity656 for 9 months. Pancreatogastrostomy has been the preferred method used to carry out post-pancreatoduodenectomy reconstruction. However, @entity850 of the @entity254 has been reported as one of the late complications of pancreatogastrostomy. The main symptom of this complication is recurrent epigastralgia due to obstructive @entity788 . As a result, @entity1 are compelled to stay in the hospital for an extended duration with no oral intake allowed. Surgical resection of the @entity850 is often the treatment of choice but can be troublesome due to post-operative adhesions. Here, we report a case of pancreatogastrostomy complicated by @entity850 , which was treated using the EUS-guided rendezvous technique.

title: Encoscopic management of stenotic XXXX using a rendezvous technique after pancreatogastrostomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity656 :: ('MESH:D019283', 'Disease') :: ['acute recurrent pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: Most segregation analyses have concluded that @entity0 results from a mixture of sporadic and genetic cases. Genetic cases are probably due to a rare inherited mutation with autosomal dominant transmission. The lifetime risk for female mutation carriers is close to 1, ten fold greater than for noncarriers. Beyond these accepted results, studies differ in the estimated parameters specifying the correspondence between phenotypes and genotypes. We show here that these differences have an impact on the estimation of the probability that a @entity1 is carrying a mutation given her disease status and also given the information on the disease status of her family members. We illustrate this problem by computing the probability of being a mutation carrier for 16 @entity1 (9 affected, 7 unaffected) belonging to one pedigree, using three sets of parameter values. For two of the @entity1 , the probability that they inherited the mutation is low, but it varies considerably according to the set of parameter values. For one @entity1 , the probability varies from 20 to 60% if familial information is taken into account. Segregation of 17q markers in families may provide additional information depending on the posterior probability of linkage. Indeed in the pedigree studied here, the segregation of 17q markers provided additional information which moreover decreased the sensitivity to the parameters values. However, the decrease in sensitivity will only be observed if the posterior probability of linkage of the family to the studied markers is high.

title: Genetic counselling in XXXX : sensitivity to parameter values and to available information.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although the role of @entity1289 ( @entity1289 ) inhibitors for the treatment of @entity101 has been well established, no data has been generated regarding the influence of @entity1289 inhibitors for health-related quality-of-life (QOL) dimensions for Chinese @entity1 . MATERIALS: A double-blind, active-control, randomized clinical trial was used to compare the effects of two @entity1289 inhibitors, @entity2599 and @entity3371 , on quality-of-life dimensions in one outpatient clinic in one tertiary clinical-care facility. After a 2-3 week washout period with placebo, 59 @entity1 with mild-to-moderate @entity101 were randomly assigned to receive @entity2599 (5 to 10 mg per day) or @entity3371 (25 to 50 mg twice per day) for 12 weeks. @entity1 completed the Short-form 36 (SF 36) health survey questionnaire, which evaluates 8 QOL dimensions, just before treatment, during the 8th week, and at the end of treatment (12th week). ANOVA for repeated measures was used to analyze the QOL-score changes over time and compare treatments, and to assess the interaction of treatment duration and group on these scores. RESULTS: No significant differences were demonstrated for changes in blood-pressure, frequency of adverse effects and withdrawal of @entity1 from the study comparing the two drugs. Significant improvement, however, was demonstrated for mental-component summary scores after 12 weeks of treatment for both drugs (P = 0.029). No significant differences were established for individual QOL dimensions comparing the two drugs. A significantly higher baseline systolic blood pressure was found in the @entity1 who did not complete the questionnaire than in those who did. CONCLUSIONS: Similar and significant improvements were determined for the mental-component QOL summary scores for the two @entity1289 inhibitors, @entity2599 and @entity3371 , and no significant differences were demonstrated comparing treatments.

title: Assessment of quality of life in a double-blind, randomized clinical trial of @entity2599 and @entity3371 for XXXX Chinese in Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1289 :: ('1636', 'Gene') :: ['ACE', 'angiotensin-converting enzyme']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity3371 :: ('CHEBI:3380', 'Chemical') :: ['captopril']

entities_list: @entity2599 :: ('MESH:C065166', 'Chemical') :: ['imidapril']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertensive']


abstract: The factor(s) that control @entity3 of @entity259 are unknown, but the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are excellent candidates. @entity3334 , @entity1551 ( @entity1551 ), and @entity2843 ( @entity2843 ) have all been implicated, but the site of production and importance are disputed. In vitro, normal thyroid cells secrete @entity2843 , while @entity259 cells secrete @entity2843 and @entity3334 . However, previous pathological studies identified @entity3334 and @entity2843 only in the stroma surrounding @entity259 . These data suggest that @entity259 or @entity5 -associated inflammatory cells might secrete a factor(s) which stimulates @entity3334 or @entity2843 expression by surrounding tissues. We hypothesized that @entity3334 , @entity1551 , and @entity2843 would be directly expressed by @entity259 and might promote invasion or @entity3 . We used immunohistochemistry to determine the expression of @entity3334 , @entity1551 , and @entity2843 in 32 @entity3557 ( @entity3557 ), 10 @entity259 ( @entity259 ) and 13 benign thyroid lesions from @entity1 and adolescents. The intensity of staining was graded from absent (grade 0) to intense (grade 3). Average @entity3334 expression (mean relative intensity units+/-SE) was significantly greater among @entity3557 (1.97+/-0.15; p=0.004) and @entity259 (2.2+/-0.25; p=0.006) compared to benign lesions (1.30+/-0.15); but there was no relationship between @entity3334 expression and invasion, @entity3 , or recurrence. Expression of @entity1551 and @entity2843 was similar for benign and malignant lesions; but recurrent @entity3557 expressed lower levels of @entity2843 when compared to non-recurrent @entity3557 (p=0.049). Only the expression of @entity2843 correlated with the presence of @entity5 -associated lymphocytes (r=0.35, p=0.032). We conclude that @entity3334 , @entity1551 and @entity2843 are all expressed by @entity259 and could be important in promoting recurrence.

title: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression by differentiated @entity259 of XXXX and adolescents.

entities_list: @entity3557 :: ('MESH:C536915', 'Disease') :: ['papillary thyroid carcinoma', 'PTC']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity2843 :: ('7076', 'Gene') :: ['TIMP-1', 'tissue inhibitor of MMP-1']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid cancer', 'FTC', 'thyroid carcinoma', 'follicular thyroid carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: @entity794 (SA) isolates (n = 255) from outpatients with skin and soft-tissue infections were collected in 3 different areas in Norway. Group A streptococci (GAS, n = 68) were isolated from skin or pharyngotonsillar specimens from outpatients. @entity6251 ( @entity6251 ) of @entity3637 , @entity12119 and @entity23782 were tested using the E-test. Pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns of @entity12119 -sensitive (FusS) and -resistant (FusR) SA were compared. All GAS isolates showed @entity6251 of @entity3637 of < or = 1.0 mg/l, of @entity23782 of < or = 0.125 mg/l and of @entity12119 1.0-4.0 mg/l. All the SA showed @entity6251 of @entity23782 < or = 0.5 mg/l and of @entity3637 of > or = 2.0 mg/l, 91% with @entity6251 > or = 16 mg/l. FusR was shown by 32.5% of the SA strains with similar prevalence rates in 3 different geographical areas of Norway. One particular PFGE pattern (type 1) was shown by 76% of the FusR SA. SA of type 1 belonged to phage group II and produced exfoliative toxins. Thus, the results demonstrated a high prevalence of FusR among SA causing @entity272 and that this was mainly due to dissemination of clonally related FusR SA.

title: Susceptibility of skin and soft-tissue isolates of @entity794 and Streptococcus pyogenes to topical antibiotics: indications of clonal spread of XXXX -resistant @entity794 .

entities_list: @entity12119 :: ('MESH:D005672', 'Chemical') :: ['fusidic acid']

entities_list: @entity3637 :: ('MESH:D001414', 'Chemical') :: ['bacitracin']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity23782 :: ('MESH:D016712', 'Chemical') :: ['mupirocin']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin infections']

entities_list: @entity6251 :: ('MESH:C567712', 'Disease') :: ['MIC', 'Minimum inhibitory concentrations']

answer: @entity12119 :: (MESH:D005672,Chemical) :: ['fusidic acid']


abstract: @entity1722 and ras expression was measured on @entity5 extracts from 132 @entity1 primary @entity0 , by immunoblotting analysis. Expression of the @entity1722 -encoded @entity19601 protein was observed in 39% of the samples and found to correlate with @entity1722 gene amplification, detected by Southern analysis in 19 of the 77 available @entity5 DNAs. @entity19601 expression was linked to the absence of @entity1420 receptors, but it was not related to lymph-node status or to other clinico-pathological parameters. Levels of the ras-encoded @entity3544 proteins higher than in normal breast tissues were found in 71% of the samples. No significant correlation was seen between @entity3544 level and the available clinical parameters. Conversely, there was a strong positive correlation between @entity3544 and @entity19601 levels. Analysis of follow-up data revealed that @entity19601 expression was associated with a shorter time to relapse and @entity204 . Most notably, the contemporaneous expression of @entity19601 and of high @entity3544 levels was more effective than @entity19601 expression alone in identifying cases with poor prognosis. The prognostic value of @entity19601 / @entity3544 co-expression was particularly significant in @entity1420 -receptor-positive @entity5 . Our data suggest that @entity1722 and ras may act synergistically to endow @entity0 cells with a highly aggressive phenotype.

title: @entity1722 and ras expression levels in XXXX are correlated and show a co-operative association with unfavorable clinical outcome.

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinomas', 'breast-tumor']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: More than 300 nursing assistants took part in the 2nd National Congress of Nursing Assistants that featured the topics of @entity734 , @entity99 , and @entity791 . The conclusions affirmed the lack of precise information about the risk that health personnel are exposed to during contact with @entity99 or @entity791 @entity1 . This hinders the establishment of maximum preventive safety. The fear of @entity791 extends to the families of these workers who contemplate abandoning their profession. Until 1989 there had been 1 known case of a health worker becoming infected with @entity791 from contact with a @entity1 , but it could not be confirmed if this was the only case because of lack of studies. On the other hand, the reticence of these workers also has to be penetrated for appropriate analysis. The infected @entity1 receive maximum care in view of the fact there is no vaccine or effective treatment available for @entity791 . However, the suspicion of a @entity1 being infected with @entity645 has to be conveyed immediately to assistant nurses who are in contact with the @entity1 . The confidentiality of the infection has to be preserved, by all professionals have to know that this is a high risk case, and it has to appear in the clinical history chart. Substances used by drug addicts have to classified accurately with their consequences and the preventive measures that society has to establish for checking the spread of @entity734 .

title: [The general conclusions of the II Congress of Nursing Assistants. Nursing assistants demand more information on @entity791 and XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug addiction']

answer: @entity99 :: (MESH:D056486,Disease) :: ['hepatitis']


abstract: @entity164 is an autosomal dominant @entity2746 . It expresses itself clinically with variable expression. Type one @entity1 have early onset with a rapid progression of symptoms including @entity508 , @entity2003 and @entity7205 . Type two @entity1 are the most common phenotype with @entity2055 and @entity508 . Type three @entity1 develop progressive @entity2055 with variable @entity3949 . All @entity1 have ophthalmoparesis and normal mental status. The neuropathology consists of @entity528 and @entity5219 in the substantia nigra, motor cranial nuclei, dentate nucleus of the cerebellum, and variable @entity528 with @entity5219 in the cerebellar cortex and neostriatum. The cerebral cortex is normal histologically. The inferior olivary nuclei are normal, thus separating this disease from @entity196 ( @entity196 ). The disease has a worldwide distribution including families described in Portugal, the Azores, Spain, Italy, United States, Canada, Brazil, China, Taiwan, and Japan. The gene has not been mapped for this disease but the locus on chromosome 6p mapped for most families with @entity196 has been excluded for this disorder.

title: XXXX : an autosomal dominant motor system degeneration.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity508 :: ('MESH:D009128', 'Disease') :: ['spasticity']

entities_list: @entity3949 :: ('MESH:D003929', 'Disease') :: ['amyotrophy']

entities_list: @entity196 :: ('MESH:D020754', 'Disease') :: ['olivopontocerebellar atrophy', 'OPCA']

entities_list: @entity164 :: ('MESH:D017827', 'Disease') :: ['Machado-Joseph disease']

entities_list: @entity2746 :: ('MESH:D013132', 'Disease') :: ['spinocerebellar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal loss']

answer: @entity164 :: (MESH:D017827,Disease) :: ['Machado-Joseph disease']


abstract: PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: Clinical study which follows the influence of asphericity of intraocular lenses on an important parameter of quality of vision in operated @entity231 @entity1 - contrast sensibility. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a pilot, prospective study with 131 eyes of 124 @entity1 , which had @entity231 surgery by phacoemulsification between 2011-2012. All operations were done by the same surgeon. EXCLUSION CRITERIAS WERE: VA ( 0.7; postop refraction >0.75 D sf. or 0.75 D cyl, @entity2687 , optic nerv or retinal pathologies, atypical surgery, pupil diameter 3 mm. Postoperative control was done at six weeks and included : AV, optical correction, contrast sensibility testing, intraocular pressure, posterior pol exam. Contrast sensibility testing was done using a LCD device, in fotopic condition, CC-100 TOPCON. PRIMARY RESULTS: Contrast sensibility graphics were compared between spheric and aspheric lenses for Zeiss, AMO, Bausch_Lomb, Alcon. CONCLUSIONS: There were no statistically significant differences between aspherical lenses. Also, there were no differences for the same manufacturer between spherical and aspherical lenses.

title: [Importance of asferic treatment of intraocular lenses in contrast sensitivity of the XXXX eye].

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal diseases']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cataract']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of opioids in surgeries for morbidly @entity28 @entity1 could cause @entity1576 . Therefore, alternative analgesics are needed to improve anesthetic management for @entity28 @entity1 . The objective of this study was to compare the effect of @entity6948 and @entity1338 on @entity158 as well as analgesic consumption at 24 h postoperatively in @entity1 undergoing laparoscopic gastric sleeve. The secondary objective was to compare @entity1 ' and surgeons' satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 @entity28 and morbidly @entity28 @entity1 scheduled to undergo laparoscopic gastric sleeve were randomly assigned into two groups. 10 min after induction of general anesthesia, one group received 0.8-1.2  g/kg/30 min intravenous (IV) @entity1338 through 500 mL lactated Ringer's solution and placebo (normal saline solution) through syringe pump. The second group received IV @entity6948 through syringe pump at a rate 0.5-0.8  g/kg/h and placebo through 500 mL lactated Ringer's solution. Data on @entity158 , analgesic consumption, and return to normal activity in addition to @entity1 ' and surgeons' satisfaction were collected. RESULTS: Both groups were similar with respect to demographic and intraoperative hemodynamic characteristics. @entity3575 consumption, surgery duration and hospital stay were similar for the two groups. @entity158 scores on walking were significantly lower in the @entity1338 group at 12 h postoperatively (P = 0.014) compared with @entity6948 group. The number of @entity1 who consumed @entity6882 was significantly lower in the @entity1338 group at 12 h postoperatively (P = 0.045). CONCLUSION: This study concluded that @entity1338 and @entity6948 yielded similar outcomes with a difference in @entity158 and analgesic consumption at 12 h postoperatively.

title: Effect of @entity1338 versus XXXX on @entity158 control after laparoscopic gastric sleeve: A prospective, randomized, double-blinded study.

entities_list: @entity6882 :: ('MESH:D008614', 'Chemical') :: ['pethidine']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['Fentanyl']

answer: @entity6948 :: (MESH:D020927,Chemical) :: ['dexmedetomidine']


abstract: Small RNAs (sRNA), including microRNAs (miRNA) and small interfering RNAs (siRNA), are produced abundantly in plants and animals and function in regulating gene expression or in defense against @entity778 . Analysis of siRNA profiles upon @entity778 in plant may allow for virus identification, strain differentiation, and de novo assembly of virus genomes. In the present study, four suspected virus-infected @entity523 samples collected in the U.S. and Mexico were used for sRNA library construction and deep sequencing. Each library generated between 5-7 million sRNA reads, of which more than 90% were from the @entity523 genome. Upon in-silico subtraction of the @entity523 sRNAs, the remaining highly enriched, virus-like siRNA pools were assembled with or without reference virus or viroid genomes. A complete genome was assembled for @entity415 spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd) using siRNA alone. In addition, a near complete virus genome (98%) also was assembled for @entity59445 ( @entity59445 ). A common mixed infection of two strains of @entity59445 (EU and US1), which shared 82% of genome @entity377 sequence identity, also could be differentially assembled into their respective genomes. Using de novo assembly, a novel potyvirus with less than 60% overall genome @entity377 sequence identity to other known viruses was discovered and its full genome sequence obtained. Taken together, these data suggest that the sRNA deep sequencing technology will likely become an efficient and powerful generic tool for virus identification in plants and animals.

title: Deep sequencing of small RNAs in XXXX for virus and viroid identification and strain differentiation.

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['virus or viroid infection', 'virus infection']

entities_list: @entity59445 :: ('112229', 'Species') :: ['Pepino mosaic virus', 'PepMV']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

answer: @entity523 :: (4081,Species) :: ['tomato']


abstract: Background and Purpose. Lymphoedema is a serious complication following limb salvage for extremity soft @entity242 (STSs) for which little is known. We aimed to evaluate its incidence, its, severity and its associated risk factors. Material and Method. @entity1 and @entity5 characteristics, treatment modalities and complications and functional outcomes (MSTS 1987, @entity35257 ), and lymphoedema severity (Stern) were all collected from prospective databases. Charts were retrospectively abstracted for BMI and comorbidities. Results. There were 289 @entity1 (158 males). Mean age was 53 (16-88). Followup ranged between 12 and 60 months with an average of 35 and a median of 36 months. Mean BMI was 27.4 (15.8-52.1). 72% had lower extremity @entity5 and 38% upper extremity. Mean @entity5 size was 8.1   cm (1.0-35.6   cm). 27% had no adjuvant radiation, 62% had 50   Gy, and 11% received 66   Gy. The incidence of lymphoedema was 28.8% (206 none, 58 mild, 22 moderate, 3 severe, and 0 very severe). Mean MSTS score was 32 (11-35) and @entity35257 was 89.4 (32.4-100). Radiation dose was significantly correlated with @entity5 size > 5   cm (P = 0.0001) and @entity35257 score (P = 0.001), but not MSTS score (P = 0.090). Only @entity5 size > 5   cm and depth were found to be independent predictors of significant lymphoedema. Conclusion. Nine percent of @entity2031 @entity1 in our cohort developed significant (grade >=  2) lymphoedema. @entity5 size > 5   cm and deep @entity5 were associated with an increased occurrence of lymphoedema but not radiation dosage.

title: Incidence and Severity of Lymphoedema following Limb Salvage of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['tissue sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['Extremity Soft Tissue Sarcoma']


abstract: AIMS: To examine the relationship between different anti- @entity6 therapies ( @entity5735 ( @entity5735 ), @entity2449 and @entity5736 ) and risk of acute @entity788 among @entity164 2 @entity6 @entity1 in Taiwan, and explore each drug's dose-response relationship. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We derived a nationwide retrospective cohort of @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 in Taiwan. The inclusion criteria are adult @entity6 @entity1 with continuous baseline enrollment, new users of the studied drugs, and without missing demographics. There were 4113/101   498/44   772 @entity5735 / @entity2449 / @entity5736 users. Adjusted hazards ratios for @entity788 associated with @entity5735 , derived from Cox proportional hazard models with propensity score weighting, were estimated; dose-response analyses were also conducted. RESULTS: @entity5735 was statistically significantly associated with a decreased risk of acute @entity788 compared with @entity5736 (adjusted HR: 0.36, 95%CI [0.17, 0.75]) but not @entity2449 (adjusted HR: 0.67, 95%CI [0.32, 1.41]); @entity2449 was statistically significantly associated with a lower risk of @entity788 than @entity5736 (adjusted HR: 0. 53; 95%CI [0.37, 0.76]). In addition, low-dose @entity2449 was statistically significantly associated with a lower risk of @entity788 compared with high-dose @entity2449 (HR: 0.65; 95%CI [0.44, 0.97]). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that @entity5736 may potentially be associated with an increased risk of @entity788 compared with @entity5735 or @entity2449 . Studies with longer follow up, larger sample sizes, and more precise capture of confounders may be needed to determine the risk of @entity788 associated with incretin based therapies. Copyright    2015 John Wiley _ Sons, Ltd.

title: Anti- @entity6 therapies and the risk of acute XXXX : a nationwide retrospective cohort study from Taiwan.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity5735 :: ('1803', 'Gene') :: ['dipeptidyl peptidase-4', 'DPP-4', 'Dipeptidyl peptidase-4']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5736 :: ('D013453', 'Chemical') :: ['Sulfonylurea', 'sulfonylurea', 'sulfonylureas']

entities_list: @entity2449 :: ('MESH:D008687', 'Chemical') :: ['Metformin', 'metformin']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatitis']


abstract: The purpose of the study was to determine the incidence and risk factors for @entity49 in @entity1 with a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). A retrospective study of all upper extremity venous duplex scans was carried out in the Vascular Medicine department from year 2000 to 2002 inclusive. A chart review of positive scans was undertaken to identify possible @entity715 risk factors. Of 317 upper extremity venous duplex scans carried out, 115, or 32%, were positive for @entity14385 . Three main risk factors were identified - presence of a central line, @entity5 and administration of chemotherapy. PICC were the most common central line present. Symptomatic @entity715 occurred in 7% of PICC inserted for chemotherapy compared with 1% of PICC inserted for other reasons. Ten per cent of the @entity1 receiving chemotherapy through a PICC developed a @entity715 . The @entity715 was infrequent following @entity14385 . @entity1 receiving chemotherapy through a PICC are at increased risk of @entity715 . There may be a role for prophylactic low-dose anticoagulation in these high-risk @entity1 .

title: Peripherally inserted central catheters and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['post-thrombotic syndrome', 'thrombosis', 'thrombotic']

entities_list: @entity14385 :: ('MESH:D056824', 'Disease') :: ['upper extremity deep vein thrombosis']

answer: @entity14385 :: (MESH:D056824,Disease) :: ['upper extremity deep vein thrombosis']


abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the rate of ultrasound-detected free-floating particles in amniotic fluid during the early second trimester and their relationship with maternal serum @entity160 (MSAFP) in @entity1 with normal amniotic fluid @entity160 (AFAFP). Ninety-eight consecutive @entity1 undergoing second-trimester amniocentesis for various indications were prospectively studied. Before undergoing amniocentesis, each @entity1 had a level II ultrasound examination and evaluation of the presence of free-floating particles. A subjective estimate of the particle amount and measurement of the size of the largest particle seen were made. @entity1 were stratified into three groups according to their MSAFP level (low, normal, high). Statistical significance of results was assessed by analysis of variance and multiple comparison procedure, and by nonparametric procedures, as appropriate. MSAFPs (mean +/- 1 SD) were 0.41 +/- 0.18 and 4.88 +/- 2.22 multiples of the median for the low and the high groups, respectively. All AFAFPs were within normal limits. Ninety-four percent of @entity1 with high MSAFP had free-floating particles in amniotic fluid as compared to 43% in the low and normal groups (p < 0.01). @entity1 with high MSAFP had significantly greater density and size of particles. The presence of ultrasound-detected free-floating particles in amniotic fluid of normal @entity1 during the early second trimester may preclude its use as a reliable indicator for fetal lung maturity, or suggest that the source of these particles may differ by trimester. High MSAFP is significantly correlated with the ultrasonographic appearance of free-floating particles, as well as with larger size and higher amount.

title: Ultrasound-detected free-floating particles in amniotic fluid: correlation with maternal serum XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']

answer: @entity160 :: (174,Gene) :: ['alpha-fetoprotein']


abstract: More than 90% of @entity5 of the pancreas have mutations on codon 12 of the @entity984 oncogene. Cellular DNA from pancreatic secretions and fine-needle biopsies, obtained from 69 @entity1 (41 @entity1 , 28 @entity1 ), were amplified by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to demonstrate this characteristic marker. All these @entity1 had undergone endoscopic retrograde pancreatography for suspected @entity788 or @entity788 . Two different methods were developed to demonstrate the mutations. With the aid of one of these methods, enrichment PCR with analysis of the restriction fragment length (FL), mutations on codon 12 of the @entity984 gene were demonstrated in unstimulated pancreatic secretions of 29 of 33 @entity1 with @entity3123 . All eleven fine-needle biopsies that had been cytologically examined showed the @entity5 -specific mutation. After direct sequencing of enrichment PCR a codon 12 mutation was demonstrated in pancreatic secretion from 21 of 24 @entity1 and with the single strand conformation polymorphism analysis in 17 of 33 @entity1 . In two of these 33 @entity1 two different @entity984 mutations were discovered. No mutations were found in acute @entity32 or stone disease, while in five @entity1 with chronic @entity788 mutations were demonstrated only in those two @entity1 in whom histological examination had revealed @entity1613 . This investigation indicates that codon 12 mutations of the @entity984 gene, found after PCR in pancreatic secretion and biopsies, constitute a sensitive and specific @entity5 marker whose clinical value is being assessed.

title: [ @entity984 mutation as a molecular @entity5 marker for XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity3123 :: ('MESH:C562463', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the pancreas', 'pancreatitis']

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammations']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous mucinous hyperplasia']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['carcinoma of the pancreas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Family carers of @entity1 with @entity303 frequently become @entity308 or anxious. In observational studies, more emotion-focused and less dysfunctional coping predict fewer @entity1109 , but no @entity23 ( @entity23 ) has directly investigated emotion-focused coping as mediator of effectiveness of a successful psychological intervention. We hypothesised that emotion-focused coping would mediate the START psychological intervention* s effects in an @entity23 . We tested whether mediated effects were moderated by severity of baseline symptoms. METHODS: 260 family carers from NHS @entity303 services were randomised to START (manualised coping skills intervention), or treatment-as-usual (TAU). Blinded raters administered the Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale ( @entity1619 ) and Brief @entity5786 inventory at baseline, 4 and 8 months. @entity1619 improved in the intervention group when compared to TAU at all levels of @entity458 . We tested whether coping was a mediator and for moderated mediation, and (post-hoc) subgroup treatment effects on coping. RESULTS: Data were available for 187 carers (71.9%) for the mediation analysis. The reduced @entity1619 score in the intervention group was mediated by increased emotion-focused coping only among carers with higher (16+) baseline @entity1619 scores (mediated effect=-0.63 [-1.11, -0.15]; proportion of overall effect=33% [3%, 64%]). LIMITATIONS: We did not measure plausible psychosocial treatment mechanisms other than coping. CONCLUSIONS: START benefited family carers both in preventing and treating psychological morbidity, through different mechanisms of action. The most psychologically distressed carers increased their emotion-focused coping and did not decrease their dysfunctional coping, while others benefited but not through this mechanism.

title: Coping strategies as mediators of the effect of the START (strategies for RelaTives) intervention on psychological morbidity for family carers of @entity1 with @entity303 in a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressed']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['dementia']

entities_list: @entity1109 :: ('MESH:D012678', 'Disease') :: ['psychological symptoms']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCT', 'randomised controlled trial']

answer: @entity23 :: (MESH:D007174,Disease) :: ['randomised controlled trial']


abstract: Insulin stimulates the appearance of anti- @entity669 (P)-immunoprecipitable phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase ( @entity61843 -kinase) activity in adipocytes, predominantly in an intracellular membrane fraction (Kelly, K. L., Ruderman, N. B., and Chen, K. S. (1992) J. Biol. Chem. 267, 3423-3428). Neither the mechanism underlying this activation nor the precise subcellular compartment in which it occurs is known. To address these questions, studies were performed using isolated @entity35 adipocytes and subcellular fractions of these cells. In intact cells, insulin stimulated the rapid appearance of @entity8737 and @entity19065 in @entity7263 -labeled adipocytes without changing the labeling of @entity8736 , @entity1076 , or @entity1078 . This effect was accompanied by the @entity18481 phosphorylation of a 185-kDa protein, tentatively identified as @entity24577 , with which @entity61843 -kinase became associated. The majority of the p85, the regulatory subunit of @entity61843 -kinase, in untreated adipocytes was present in the cytosol; however, neither the activity of @entity61843 -kinase nor the total amount of p85 in this fraction was modified in response to insulin. In contrast, insulin increased the association of p85 with @entity24577 , the @entity18481 phosphorylation of the @entity24577 associated with p85, and the total activity of @entity61843 -kinase in the plasma membranes and low density membranes. After insulin treatment, similar amounts of p85 were bound to @entity24577 in the low density and plasma membrane fractions; however, @entity18481 -phosphorylated @entity24577 and @entity61843 -kinase activity were an order of magnitude greater in the low density membranes. The complex of @entity18481 -phosphorylated @entity24577 .p85 that formed in response to insulin was localized to a very low density vesicle subpopulation that could be distinguished from vesicles containing the @entity19617 @entity413 transporter and the insulin receptor. These data suggest that the activation of @entity61843 -kinase by insulin in the adipocyte involves the formation of a complex between @entity24577 and @entity61843 -kinase in a very low density membrane fraction that is not enriched in @entity19617 or insulin receptors. They also suggest that @entity61843 -kinase activation correlates more closely with the extent of @entity18481 phosphorylation of the @entity24577 complexed to @entity61843 -kinase than it does to the amount of p85 bound to @entity24577 .

title: Insulin-stimulated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Association with a 185-kDa @entity669 -phosphorylated protein ( XXXX ) and localization in a low density membrane vesicle.

entities_list: @entity8736 :: ('MESH:C055525', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity8737 :: ('MESH:C060980', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1076 :: ('MESH:C037178', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate']

entities_list: @entity669 :: ('CHEBI:18186', 'Chemical') :: ['tyrosine']

entities_list: @entity19065 :: ('MESH:C060974', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate']

answer: @entity24577 :: (25467(Tax:10116),Gene) :: ['IRS-1']


abstract: AIM: To explore the use of hyperspectral imaging to predict healing of @entity4760 in @entity1 with @entity6 . METHODS: We used a hyperspectral imaging technique that incorporated novel software to account for tissue scattering of light, and was validated using blood samples of varying @entity26 saturation assessed by blood gas analysis. Hyperspectral imaging was then performed on a population newly presenting with @entity4760 to a specialist clinic, and associations were sought with healing at 12 and 24 weeks. RESULTS: The correlation between the results of hyperspectral imaging and blood gas analysis was strong (r=0.994). A total of 43 @entity1 (mean    sd age 62.7  12.2 years; 31 @entity1 , 12 @entity1 ; 37 with @entity164 2 @entity6 , six with @entity1723 ) with foot @entity1066 were included in the prospective clinical study and underwent hyperspectral imaging within 16 days of presentation. In all, 26 @entity1066 healed within 12 weeks and 28 within 24 weeks. There was a negative association between tissue oxygenation assessed by hyperspectral imaging at baseline and healing by 12 weeks (P=0.009), and this was observed in both infected and non-infected @entity1066 . There was a significant positive correlation between oxygenation assessed by hyperspectral imaging and time to healing (P=0.03). No correlations were observed at 24 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that hyperspectral imaging may predict healing in routine practice. The fact that the correlation between hyperspectral imaging and healing was negative could be explained by hyperspectral imaging being a measure of oxygenation of haemoglobin and there may be an inverse relationship between this and the oxygenation of extravascular tissue in @entity1 with @entity16 and/or microvascular disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

title: Use of hyperspectral imaging to measure XXXX saturation in the lower limb and its correlation with healing of foot @entity1066 in @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['Type 1 diabetes']

entities_list: @entity4760 :: ('MESH:D017719', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic foot ulcers']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: Scrapie, a fatal @entity1579 ( @entity1579 ) occurs in two phenotypes: classical and atypical. Many authors point out that the polymorphism of three codons (136, 154, 171) of the @entity30935 (PrP gene) is associated with a @entity742 susceptibility to classical scrapie. Until now, only one @entity30935 gene variant coding @entity815 at codon 141 has been found to be associated with atypical scrapie. Another recently identified and interesting candidate gene for scrapie susceptibility in @entity742 is an @entity60319 gene coding for Shadoo protein (Sho). Sho is a highly interspecies conserved protein and an insertion/deletion (indel) found in a @entity742 Sho gene was associated with classical scrapie occurrence. Here we determined the polymorphism of @entity30935 and @entity60319 genes in nine atypical scrapie cases (six in native born @entity742 and three in imported @entity742 ) and compared these results with a control group of healthy animals comprising six corresponding Polish @entity742 breeds. In atypical scrapie cases five @entity30935 diplotypes were identified: A(136)R(154)Q(171)/ARQ, AHQ/ARQ, ARR/ARQ, ARR/AHQ and AHQ/AHQ. The ARR/AHQ diplotype was found only in imported @entity742 . A previously unobserved SNP in @entity30935 ( @entity60320 ) was also found in both atypical scrapie and in a few control animals. In the ORF of the @entity60319 gene, six SNPs and one indel were identified. None of these variations was exclusive for scrapie animals and they were probably, naturally occurring polymorphisms. Special attention was given to the 6-bp indel @entity60319 polymorphism which was previously associated with classical scrapie occurrence.

title: Characterization of @entity30935 and XXXX coding regions from atypical scrapie cases diagnosed in Poland.

entities_list: @entity1579 :: ('MESH:D017096', 'Disease') :: ['transmissible spongiform encephalopathy', 'TSE']

entities_list: @entity815 :: ('CHEBI:28044', 'Chemical') :: ['phenylalanine']

answer: @entity60319 :: (100302330(Tax:9940),Gene) :: ['SPRN']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The COSMIC trial is designed to evaluate @entity137 in dose-escalated treatment with intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and @entity505 ion boost for @entity5 ( @entity5 ) of the head and neck including @entity1 with inoperable/ incompletely resected MSGTs (R2-group) and completely resected @entity5 plus involved margins or perineural spread (R1-group). METHODS: COSMIC is a prospective phase II trial of IMRT (25   2 Gy) and @entity505 ion boost (8   3 GyE). Primary endpoint is @entity33 CTC  III, secondary endpoints are local control, progression-free survival, and @entity137 . Evaluation of disease response is carried out according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in @entity5 (RECIST); @entity137 is assessed using NCI CTC v 3.0. RESULTS: Twenty-nine @entity1 were recruited from 07/2010 to 04/2011, all @entity1 have at least completed first follow-up. Sixteen @entity1 were treated in the R2-group, 13 in the R1-group. All treatments were completed as planned and well tolerated, @entity33 CTC grade III was 25% (R2) and 15.4% (R1), no @entity1282 CTC grade III was observed, no feeding tubes were necessary. Side-effects rapidly resolved, only 4 @entity1 (13.8%) reported @entity2133 grade II at first follow-up. Overall response rate (complete and partial response) according to RECIST in the R2-group is 68.8% at 6-8 weeks post treatment, all @entity1 within this group showed radiological signs of treatment response. CONCLUSION: No unexpected @entity137 was observed, @entity33 rates and other side effects do not differ between @entity1 with visible @entity41 and macroscopically completely resected @entity5 . Initial treatment response is promising though longer follow-up is needed to assess local control. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinical trial identifier NCT 01154270.

title: IMRT and @entity505 ion boost for XXXX : interim analysis of the COSMIC trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity41 :: ('MESH:D018365', 'Disease') :: ['residual tumor']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Solid Tumors', 'MSGT', 'tumors', 'malignant salivary gland tumors']

entities_list: @entity2133 :: ('MESH:D014987', 'Disease') :: ['xerostomia']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity1282 :: ('MESH:D003680', 'Disease') :: ['dysphagia']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['malignant salivary gland tumors']


abstract: Antiepileptic drugs are the preferred treatment approach for @entity302 @entity1 . However, informal treatment is important for intractable @entity302 . In this study, 500 @entity302 @entity1 were recruited from the General Hospital of Beijing Military Area Command of Chinese PLA during the period of October 2009 to January 2012. These involved @entity1 that had been medically treated for at least 1 year. Information on the initial treatment and changes to treatment regimens for each @entity1 was collected through questionnaires. The survey results showed that 52.3% of the @entity302 @entity1 searched for treatment after the first @entity410 , and the mean numbers of @entity410 was 12.8; 59.8% of the @entity302 @entity1 were diagnosed at the first visit, and the mean onset time was 17 months after the first @entity410 . After diagnosis, @entity1 were treated for an average of 20 days, and the median time was 1 day. Formal anti- @entity302 drugs were selected as the first treatment regimen by 67.8% of @entity1 , and 77.5% of these drugs were monotherapies. The mean and median numbers of @entity410 were respectively 36.9 and 3.0 times before the first regimen was changed. The regimen was changed within the first 6 months by 46.6% of @entity1 , and after the first and second years of treatment, the proportions increased to 54.0% and 71.8%, respectively. In total, 78.5% of the regimens were changed to informal treatments. The informal treatment of @entity302 in China is common, being initiated by either @entity1 or physicians. Enhancing @entity302 treatment services in hospital, improving physicians' professional quality, and strengthening health propaganda may promote the normalization of drug treatment of @entity302 in China.

title: Treatment of XXXX in China: Formal or informal.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic', 'epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: PURPOSE: The objective of the study was to examine the effect of lipoprotein-associated @entity205 on hepatic metabolism, hepatic lipoprotein receptors, and @entity8 in comparison to the current commercially available @entity205 ( @entity870 ) product. METHODS: @entity35 within the same group were given one of the following treatments: 10 mg/kg of @entity870 , plasma- @entity870 , very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)- @entity870 , low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- @entity870 , LDL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)- @entity870 , 1 mL/kg of vehicle, or saline intravenously for 14 days. Urine and blood samples were evaluated for renal function. Hepatic microsomes were prepared for immunoblotting and in vitro catalytic assays of CYP activity. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to examine genetic regulation. RESULTS: (1) There were no statistical differences in @entity165 levels in lipoprotein-associated @entity870 groups as compared with vehicle controls. (2) A significant decrease in @entity1011 clearance was seen in the plasma- @entity870 treated group (56%; P < 0.05). (3) No suppressions of @entity12531 protein, activity or mRNA were found in the VLDL- @entity870 treated group. (4) @entity12531 mRNA was suppressed to a greater degree in the LDL- and HDL- @entity870 treated groups as compared with the suppression caused by @entity870 alone. (5) A significant suppression of hepatic @entity3244 ( @entity3244 ) mRNA levels was found in the LDL- @entity870 (50%; P = 0.0333) and plasma- @entity870 (40%; P = 0.1138), which was not attributed to LDL alone. (6) Significant suppression of @entity15090 ( @entity15090 ) mRNA levels was found in the plasma- @entity870 group, although no significant differences in @entity15090 protein levels were seen between groups. CONCLUSIONS: Specific lipoprotein- @entity870 complexes appear to alter metabolic responses differently in comparison to @entity870 alone, indicating that the metabolism of @entity870 is dependent on the in vivo disposition of lipoprotein- @entity870 . Furthermore, @entity3244 is one regulatory factor responsible for altering @entity870 metabolism as a result of an increase in uptake of @entity870 into hepatocytes.

title: The effect of lipoprotein-associated @entity205 on drug metabolism and toxicity in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal toxicity']

entities_list: @entity15090 :: ('25073(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['SR-BI', 'SRBI', 'scavenger-receptors class B type I']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

entities_list: @entity3244 :: ('300438(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['low-density lipoprotein receptor', 'LDL-R']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The efficacy of second-line chemotherapy for @entity1 with recurrent or progressive @entity5 is limited. In the current study, the authors investigated the use of @entity3003 as a second-line chemotherapeutic agent against these types of @entity5 . METHODS: Twenty-three @entity1 with recurrent or progressive @entity3271 or @entity816 after first-line @entity1485 ( @entity4174 , @entity11770 , and @entity1891 ) chemotherapy were enrolled in a single-institution Phase II study of second-line @entity3003 chemotherapy. All @entity1 had undergone surgery, and most also had undergone conventional radiotherapy. @entity3003 was administered at a dose of 560 mg/m2 intravenously every 4 weeks. Responses were evaluated according to conventional criteria, based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings. RESULTS: Three of 23 @entity1 (13%) had partial responses, with neurologic improvement. Twelve @entity1 (52%) had stable disease; in 2 of these 12 @entity1 , a minor response was seen on MRI. Eight @entity1 (35%) had progressive disease. The median time to @entity5 progression was 3 months for all @entity1 and 9 months for @entity1 who experienced responses to treatment. Progression-free survival rates at 6 and 12 months were 34.8% and 8.7%, respectively. Among the salvage treatment plans followed after @entity3003 chemotherapy were supportive care alone, radiotherapy, third-line chemotherapy, and reoperation. The median survival duration from the start of @entity3003 administration was 16 months. Myelotoxicity was severe, with Grade 3 or 4 @entity882 in 60% of @entity1 and Grade 3 or 4 @entity1398 in 48% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: When administered according to a monthly schedule, @entity3003 exhibited modest activity in adult @entity1 with recurrent or progressive @entity3271 or @entity816 who experienced treatment failure after @entity1485 chemotherapy; the current treatment regimen also was associated with severe @entity137 . Further improvement of second-line chemotherapy for the @entity1 group examined in the current study is necessary.

title: Second-line treatment with @entity3003 for recurrent or progressive @entity5 after @entity1485 ( @entity4174 , XXXX , and @entity1891 ) chemotherapy: a phase II study.

entities_list: @entity4174 :: ('MESH:D011344', 'Chemical') :: ['procarbazine']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'oligodendroglial tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity11770 :: ('MESH:D008130', 'Chemical') :: ['lomustine']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['oligoastrocytoma', 'oligoastrocytomas']

entities_list: @entity1891 :: ('MESH:D014750', 'Chemical') :: ['vincristine']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendrogliomas', 'oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity11770 :: (MESH:D008130,Chemical) :: ['lomustine']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity1118 ( @entity1118 ) is a prevalent musculoskeletal problem and a cardinal symptom of @entity239 , affecting up to 15% of the population. @entity1118 is associated with substantial physical and @entity73 and reduced quality of life. AIM: To describe @entity458 in @entity1 having @entity1118 . To compare the sexual function between @entity1 with @entity1118 and healthy @entity1 , and to explore potential predictors of @entity458 in @entity1 suffering from @entity1118 . METHODS: A descriptive, cross sectional study involving a total of 853 individuals, including 166 with @entity1118 and 687 healthy counterparts. For the screening of @entity458 , the original and amended lifelong version of the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Female Sexual Distress Scale were applied. A set of standardized questionnaires to assess potential risk factors for @entity458 was further used. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The levels of @entity458 in @entity1 with @entity1118 was compared with those of healthy @entity1 . Univariate and multivariate linear regression was used to determine the potential predictors for @entity458 in @entity1 with @entity1118 and healthy counterparts. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity1118 reported more difficulties with lubrication, more @entity158 , and higher levels of @entity458 . Potential predictors of @entity458 in @entity1 with @entity1118 were heterogeneous, with relationship dissatisfaction being associated with lower levels of sexual function in all the FSFI domains. Significant, domain-specific effects were further detected for @entity148 sensitivity, emotional intelligence, obsessive @entity146 , and the big five personality traits. In general, factors influencing recent @entity458 were different from those influencing lifelong sexual function. CONCLUSIONS: @entity1118 @entity1 report more @entity458 compared with controls. Assessment of @entity458 should therefore be added to routine care of @entity1 with @entity1118 . Burri A, Lachance G, and Williams FMK. Prevalence and risk factors of @entity458 in a sample of @entity1 suffering from chronic @entity158 . J Sex Med 2014;11:2772-2784.

title: Prevalence and risk factors of @entity458 in a sample of @entity1 suffering from chronic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['compulsive behavior']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['psychological impairment']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual problems and distress', 'sexual pain and sexual distress', 'sexual distress', 'sexual function and distress', 'sexual problems and sexual distress', 'sexual problems']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['sexual pain', 'widespread pain']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['CWP', 'Chronic widespread pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['widespread pain']


abstract: Intramyocardial dissecting @entity1410 is a form of subacute @entity7086 complicating @entity583 . Initially contained within the myocardial wall, the @entity1410 may expand, rupture into adjacent structures, or spontaneously resolve. However, long-term follow-up is unknown because clinical and serial imaging data are lacking. The purpose of this study was to characterize the early and late myocardial wall changes after transmural @entity583 using serial ultrasound examinations of the infarct-related segments. Clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic features of 8 @entity1 (7 @entity1 , mean age 59 years) who presented with @entity583 and echocardiographically documented intramyocardial dissecting @entity1410 were analyzed. All @entity1 had precordial echocardiography and 6 underwent transesophageal echocardiography. Differentiating @entity1410 from trabeculations, @entity715 , or @entity2849 was done with contrast and color flow Doppler. Seven @entity1 presented with S-T elevation in V1 to V4, and in 3 the elevation extended to V5, V6, I, and aVL. One @entity1 presented with S-T elevation in II, III, aVF, @entity57913 , and @entity17750 . The most striking feature was persistent S-T elevation of more than 72 hours in all @entity1 . @entity1410 consisted of a cysticlike, echolucent cavity variable in size, adjacent to severely @entity5048 or @entity910 infarct-related segments. @entity1410 acoustic characteristics depended on time of evolution. Two @entity1 underwent elective revascularization and the rest were medically treated. Two @entity1 died and 6 were alive at the mean follow-up of 12 months. In conclusion, persistent S-T elevation is an important clue in suggesting intramyocardial dissecting @entity1410 , which is confirmed by its unique ultrasound appearance. Serial echocardiography is useful in determining its evolving nature, and may guide outcome.

title: Long-term follow-up of intramyocardial dissecting @entity1410 complicating XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity7086 :: ('MESH:D006341', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac rupture']

entities_list: @entity57913 :: ('p|SUB|V|3|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V3R']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['dyskinetic']

entities_list: @entity17750 :: ('p|SUB|V|4|R', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['V4R']

entities_list: @entity5048 :: ('MESH:C536231', 'Disease') :: ['hypokinetic']

entities_list: @entity1410 :: ('MESH:D006406', 'Disease') :: ['Hematoma', 'hematoma']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity2849 :: ('MESH:D017541', 'Disease') :: ['pseudoaneurysm']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['acute myocardial infarction']