abstract: BACKGROUND AND STUDY AIMS: Many lesions found during push enteroscopy to evaluate obscure @entity360 are within the reach of standard endoscopes. The aim of this study was to determine whether the rate of proximal lesions varies in relation to the type of obscure @entity548 that is present. @entity1 AND METHODS: A retrospective review of consecutive push enteroscopies carried out for obscure @entity360 between July 1996 and July 2000 was conducted. The @entity1 were categorized into three groups: those with recurrent obscure/overt @entity360 ; those with persistent obscure/overt @entity360 ; and those with obscure/occult @entity360 . RESULTS: A total of 63 @entity1 (24 @entity1 , 39 @entity1 ; mean age 69.8) were included. Push enteroscopy examinations were conducted for recurrent obscure/overt @entity548 in 32 @entity1 ; for persistent obscure/overt @entity548 in 12 @entity1 ; and for @entity548 in 19 @entity1 . The overall diagnostic yield of push enteroscopy was 47 % (15 of 32) in the group with recurrent obscure/overt @entity548 ; 66 % (eight of 12) in the group with persistent obscure/overt @entity548 ; and 63 % (12 of 19) in the group with @entity548 . However, when lesions within the reach of standard esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) were excluded, the yield of push enteroscopy was slightly higher in the group with recurrent obscure/overt @entity548 (41 %) than in the groups with persistent obscure/overt @entity548 (33 %) and @entity548 (26 %). There were fewer lesions within the reach of EGD in the group with recurrent obscure/overt @entity548 than in the groups with persistent obscure/overt @entity548 (6 % vs. 33 %; P < 0.05) or @entity548 (6 % vs. 37 %; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 undergoing push enteroscopy for recurrent obscure/overt @entity548 were significantly less likely to have lesions within the reach of EGD than @entity1 with persistent obscure/overt @entity548 . @entity1 in the latter two groups would be able to undergo a repeat EGD examination before more intense evaluation with push enteroscopy or capsule endoscopy.

title: The rate of lesions found within reach of esophagogastroduodenoscopy during push enteroscopy depends on the type of obscure XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity360 :: ('MESH:D006471', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding or obscure/occult bleeding', 'bleeding', 'obscure/occult bleeding']

answer: @entity360 :: (MESH:D006471,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal bleeding']


abstract: PURPOSE: This study was to evaluate the characteristics of selective spinal anesthesia using 1 mg of @entity1341 combined with @entity3575 or @entity681 in elderly @entity1 undergoing transurethral resection of prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six @entity1 were randomized into two groups. The @entity3575 group received 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 0.2 mL+ @entity3575 20  g+5% dextrose 1.4 mL, and the @entity681 group received 0.5% hyperbaric @entity1341 0.2 mL+ @entity681 5  g+5% dextrose 1.7 mL intrathecally. Intraoperative and postoperative characteristics were evaluated. @entity1 satisfaction was assessed postoperatively. RESULTS: Twenty-six @entity1 in each group completed the study. The median peak sensory block level was similar between two groups, but sensory regression time was longer in the @entity681 group than the @entity3575 group (p=0.017). All @entity1 were able to move themselves to the bed without any aid when they arrived at the admission room. @entity158 scores were lower in the @entity681 group than the @entity3575 group at postoperative 6, 12, and 18 hours (p=0.001). Compared to the @entity3575 group, the @entity681 group required less postoperative analgesia (p=0.023) and the time to the first analgesic request was longer (p=0.025). Twenty-four of 26 @entity1 (92.3%) in each group showed "good" satisfaction level. CONCLUSION: Selective spinal anesthesia using 1 mg of @entity1341 with @entity3575 or @entity681 provided appropriate sensory block level with spared motor function for transurethral resection of the prostate in elderly @entity1 . Intrathecal @entity681 was superior to @entity3575 in postoperative analgesic quality.

title: Selective Spinal Anesthesia Using 1 mg of @entity1341 with Opioid in Elderly XXXX for Transurethral Resection of Prostate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['Sufentanil', 'sufentanil']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl', 'Fentanyl']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The authors performed a retrospective study to estimate the incidence rate of metastatic disease at the time of diagnosis of @entity421 ( @entity421 ), to characterize its pattern of presentation, and to identify factors predictive of survival within a cohort of @entity1 with pulmonary metastatic disease at diagnosis. METHODS: From the institutional solid @entity5 database, the authors identified all @entity1 diagnosed with extremity @entity421 since CT became available at the study institution (1977). The authors recorded @entity1 demographics, the site of @entity66 , the histologic subtype of @entity421 , and the presence of @entity3 at diagnosis. In those @entity1 with pulmonary @entity3 at diagnosis, the presence of @entity730 , the primary @entity5 volume, the number of @entity358 , and the number of pulmonary nodules were recorded. RESULTS: Of an evaluable population of 215 @entity1 , 32 (15%) had bone or pulmonary @entity3 at diagnosis, of whom original imaging from 28 @entity1 was available for review. Osteoblastic histology correlated with lung @entity3 at diagnosis (P = 0.049). One of the 32 @entity1 had a solitary bone metastasis without lung @entity3 . Four of 28 @entity1 (14%) with original imaging available had @entity730 within the pulmonary nodules. Both the number of nodules and the number of lobes involved were found to be significant predictors of survival (P = 0.0009 and P = 0. 04, respectively); multiple nodules were bilateral in 61% of @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: The rate of incidence of computed tomography detected pulmonary @entity3 was found to be 14% (31 of 215 @entity1 ) at diagnosis and 0.5% (1 of 215 @entity1 ) for bone @entity3 in @entity1 with primary extremity @entity421 . Pulmonary @entity3 usually are multiple and bilateral and infrequently calcify. The number of nodules and lobes involved are predictors of @entity1 survival.

title: @entity3 detected at the time of diagnosis of XXXX at diagnosis: imaging features.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'extremity osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary lobes with disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['primary pediatric extremity osteosarcoma']


abstract: Intrapsychic defensive strategies are allegedly expressed on the Defense Mechanism Test through the presentation, at increasing tachistoscopic exposure times, of a picture in which a central figure is threatened by a peripheral @entity1 . Several types of perceptual alterations of the stimulus configuration are coded as defenses in the subjective reports. A number of test variables have already been shown to differentiate significantly between nonclinical controls and nonpsychotic @entity146 @entity1 . In the present study, after a review of the pertinent percept-genetic literature, nonpsychotic @entity1 (n = 57) were compared with a group of @entity161 outpatients in the active phase (n = 21). As predicted, significantly more @entity161 than controls were coded for projection and regression and for certain variants of these signs. Four subcodings of repression, three of isolation, the sign of reaction formation, and several variants of identification differentiated in the same direction. Reports in which the central figure was too old and changed from a correct to an incorrect sex attribution were highly characteristic of the @entity161 sample. No defensive variable was significantly linked with nonpsychotic pathology. Two variants, one of regression and one of identification, allowed a correct diagnostic placement for all @entity161 and for 82.4% of the nonpsychotic @entity1 . The findings, besides being a further clinical validation of the Defense Mechanism Test, provide a preliminary distinction between high- and low-level defenses. It is suggested that they are congruent with an hierarchical model which implies inclusive nonreflexive relationships between classes of @entity146 .

title: A study of XXXX outpatients with the Defense Mechanism Test.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenics']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'mental disorders']

answer: @entity161 :: (MESH:D012559,Disease) :: ['schizophrenic']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity438 (ECAA) are rare. Although most ECAA are identified in asymptomatic @entity1 , serious @entity16 may occur. Current literature on treatment outcome contains mainly case reports and small case series with incomplete data and lack of long--term follow--up. There is clear lack on natural follow--up data, and there is no clear treatment algorithm. An international web--based registry to collect data on @entity1 with ECAA is designed to provide clinical guidance on this scarce pathology. METHODS: The Carotid Aneurysm Registry (CAR) is open for inclusion of all @entity1 with a fusiform or saccular ECAA. @entity1 with primary or secondary ECAA can be enrolled in CAR independent of the type of treatment (conservative or invasive). CAR participation does not interfere with the local physician's treatment policy. Follow--up and imaging can also be scheduled according to local clinical practice. The primary endpoint of the CAR in conservative @entity1 is occurrence of symptoms related to the @entity439 at 30 days, one, three, and five years. The primary endpoint in invasively treated @entity1 is freedom from symptoms of the @entity439 at 30 days, one, three, and five years. Analyses will relate outcome to etiology, imaging characteristics, ECAA growth patterns, and (if applicable) revascularization technique applied. DISCUSSION: The aim of the registry is to prospectively collect follow--up data on @entity1 with an ECAA, being either treated conservatively or by invasive @entity439 exclusion strategies. The CAR database will be used to address diagnostic and therapeutic research questions. Collecting and analyzing the data gained from the registry could be the first step towards development of treatment guidelines and expert consensus for the management of ECAA.

title: Rationale and design of the extracranial carotid artery XXXX registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['Aneurysms of the extracranial carotid artery']

answer: @entity439 :: (MESH:D000783,Disease) :: ['aneurysm']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: To determine the quality of life of @entity1 with @entity302 and its relationship with @entity308 , and the clinical and sociodemographic variables. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study in which a total of 120 @entity302 @entity1 were recruited from a neurology outpatient clinic. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were recorded. Hospital Anxiety and @entity308 Scale (HADS) and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I.) were used to screen and diagnose for @entity308 , respectively. Quality of Life Inventory of @entity302 (QOLIE-31) was used to assess quality of life. RESULTS: @entity1 with @entity302 with @entity308 had poorer quality life (36.4        1.8) compared to those without @entity308 (41.7        3.8, P   <   0.001). @entity308 , having one @entity410 or more per month and having @entity410 within one month of interview were correlated with poorer quality of life, P   <   0.001. Multivariate linear regression analyses showed that @entity308 and recent @entity410 predicted having poorer quality of life in @entity1 with @entity302 . DISCUSSION: @entity308 and poor @entity410 control were predictors for poor quality of life in @entity1 with @entity302 . Therefore, @entity302 @entity1 should be regularly screened for @entity308 and treatment for @entity302 must be optimized to minimize the negative impact of having @entity302 for these @entity1 .

title: Quality of life of @entity1 with XXXX in Malaysia.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depression', 'major depression']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'Epilepsy']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether @entity11119 -eluting stents (CDES) suppress intimal @entity1373 in porcine coronary arteries and to compare the efficacy of @entity1311 and @entity11119 as inhibitors of vascular @entity3960 ( @entity3960 ) proliferation and @entity1423 in vitro. METHODS: @entity95 platelet-rich plasma and @entity3960 cultures derived from @entity95 aortas were exposed to 10(-8)-10(-5) M @entity11119 or @entity1311 . Stents directly coated with 2 microg @entity11119 (low-dose CDES, n=12) and bare stents (n=12) were randomly deployed in the right and left coronary artery of 12 @entity1707 . Six weeks later, neointima was studied using quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and morphometry. To examine a ten-fold higher dose, @entity40177 / @entity8908 -coated stents were loaded with 20 microg @entity11119 . High-dose CDES (n=10) and polymer-only stents (n=11) were deployed in 11 @entity1707 . RESULTS: After 7 days, @entity11119 (IC(50) 9.9+/-0.4 10(-8) M) and @entity1311 (IC(50) 1.1+/-0.4 10(-8) M) inhibited @entity3960 proliferation in vitro (n=4). In contrast, @entity11119 (10(-6)-10(-5) M, n=5), but not @entity1311 , attenuated platelet shape change and aggregation induced by @entity857 . In vivo QCA showed less late lumen loss in low-dose CDES (0.08+/-0.07 vs. 0.32+/-0.08 mm, P=0.05), but morphometry demonstrated only a tendency toward a decreased intimal area. High-dose CDES inhibited both late lumen loss (0.31+/-0.08 vs. 0.91+/-0.06 mm, P<0.01) and intimal area (1.57+/-0.20 vs. 2.46+/-0.22 mm(2), P<0.01). Immunohistochemistry revealed that CDES suppressed peri-strut macrophage recruitment ( @entity24222 , P=0.04) and cell proliferation (Ki67, P=0.03) as compared to polymer-only stents without interfering with endothelial cell recovery or the density of alpha- @entity3960 actin staining. @entity715 or edge effects were not observed in either study. CONCLUSIONS: CDES inhibited in-stent @entity1373 . The reduction (39%) with 20 mug CDES was equivalent to that reported for @entity1311 -eluting stents in @entity1707 . Interference with @entity1423 , @entity3960 migration, @entity3960 proliferation, and leukocyte recruitment could contribute to the benefit. The data indicate that targeting of actin microfilaments has a potential to suppress in-stent restenosis.

title: Effects of XXXX -eluting stents on intimal @entity1373 in a porcine coronary artery model.

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['platelet aggregation']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity8908 :: ('MESH:C013215', 'Chemical') :: ['polyvinyl acetate']

entities_list: @entity1311 :: ('MESH:D017239', 'Chemical') :: ['paclitaxel']

entities_list: @entity95 :: ('9986', 'Species') :: ['rabbit', 'Rabbit']

entities_list: @entity3960 :: ('MESH:D018235', 'Disease') :: ['smooth muscle cell', 'SMC']

entities_list: @entity40177 :: ('MESH:C116863|MESH:C068872', 'Chemical') :: ['polybutyl methacrylate']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Thromboses']

entities_list: @entity11119 :: ('MESH:D015638', 'Chemical') :: ['cytochalasin D']

answer: @entity11119 :: (MESH:D015638,Chemical) :: ['cytochalasin D']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e19568 Background: There is a considerable body of literature suggesting that perceived stigma is a major obstacle in seeking appropriate psychological/ @entity146 care. To date, there has been little research into @entity1 ' attitudes towards attending psycho-oncology services. This study aimed to investigate @entity1 ' levels of @entity147 and attitudes towards being referred to a psycho-oncology service. METHODS: We invited all eligible @entity1 (N=322) attending the Haematology/Oncology Day ward of a large teaching hospital during a two week period to participate in the study. Over 93% of @entity1 (N=300) agreed to complete 2 self-report standardised questionnaires and an attitudinal questionnaire. We considered @entity1 aged 18 or over, with a @entity5 diagnosis and an ECOG performance status of 3 or less. RESULTS: A significant level of distress was noted in our @entity1 cohort.57.9% of @entity1 reported feeling either extremely or very distressed with respect to their @entity5 diagnosis. The five issues related to @entity5 and its treatment which @entity1 found most concerning were fatigue (62.7%), work (43.0%), fear of recurrence (42.8%), @entity148 (38.3%) and finances (32.8%). Stigma was noted with respect to @entity1 's willingness to engage with psycho-oncology services. 18.7% and 19.3% of @entity1 said that they would be very uncomfortable attending a psychologist or a psychiatrist as opposed to only 3.7% of those referred to a dietician. @entity1 were reluctant to take medications that were perceived to have mood altering properties. 29.4% of @entity1 reported that they would be very uncomfortable if their doctor prescribed them antidepressants as opposed to only 3.7% of those prescribed anti-emetics. CONCLUSIONS: This study aimed to investigate possible attitudinal barriers to receiving appropriate psycho-oncology interventions in @entity5 @entity1 . Significant levels of stigma and distress exist in our @entity1 cohort, comparable to levels observed in similar studies. Future endeavours should focus on education of @entity1 and physicians alike, in order to ensure that all @entity1 requiring psycho-oncology services receive them.

title: Attitudes toward XXXX and psycho-oncology services.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['emotional distress']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer']


abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) against @entity0 cell invasion and @entity3 in C3H @entity19 and the underlying mechanism. The C3 @entity19 @entity0 model was established, and the @entity19 were then randomly divided into four groups: normal saline group, LMWH group, @entity632 positive control group and the combination group (LMWH combined with @entity632 ). Twelve days after inoculation, drug treatment was initiated. During the one-month period of drug administration, @entity5 growth curves were recorded. At the end of the treatment period, the @entity19 were sacrificed and the solid @entity5 tissue and lung were removed. @entity1710 and @entity1711 (H_E) staining was used to observe the overall changes in @entity5 cell morphology and lung @entity3 following the treatment. A terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay was used for detection of apoptosis in @entity5 cells, and immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis was used to determine the expression of @entity1611 ( @entity1611 ). The @entity5 growth curves demonstrated that the overall growth of the combination group was less compared with that of the other three groups, indicating that LMWH inhibited the growth of the @entity5 . H_E staining showed that the area of @entity5 cell @entity39 in the combination group was significantly greater compared with that in the other groups, and less @entity3 was observed in the lung. The results from the TUNEL staining demonstrated that there was an increase in the number of blue-black apoptotic cells, and the expression of @entity1611 was significantly reduced in the combination group compared with the other three groups. Therefore, this indicates that LMWH, combined with @entity632 significantly reduced the growth of @entity0 cells in C3H @entity19 . The results suggest that the mechanism may be associated with @entity0 cell apoptosis and inhibition of @entity1611 expression.

title: Combination therapy with low molecular weight heparin and @entity632 results in @entity0 cell @entity3 in C3H XXXX .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['Adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1710 :: ('MESH:D006416', 'Chemical') :: ['Hematoxylin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity1611 :: ('22339(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: In this pilot study, @entity2059 was administered to 18 @entity1 with @entity4013 . The dosage was 100 mg daily for four to six weeks. Follow-up visits took place two, four, and six weeks after the first dose. Skin samples were cultured, and clinical symptoms were assessed at each visit. At two weeks clinical symptoms were significantly reduced in all @entity1 , and cultures were negative in approximately 50%. After four and six weeks, respectively, 83% and 89% of @entity1 had negative cultures and 89% and 94% were considered markedly improved or cured in an overall assessment. None of the @entity1 reported any adverse reactions. No changes were observed in hematologic and biochemical values except in one @entity1 who had asymptomatic elevations in hepatic transaminases at six weeks. @entity2059 appeared to be effective in the treatment of @entity4013 . Two weeks of treatment was effective in many @entity1 , and it was not necessary to treat any @entity1 for more than four weeks.

title: @entity2059 in the treatment of XXXX : a pilot study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4013 :: ('MESH:D014005', 'Disease') :: ['tinea corporis']

entities_list: @entity2059 :: ('MESH:D017964', 'Chemical') :: ['Itraconazole', 'itraconazole']

answer: @entity4013 :: (MESH:D014005,Disease) :: ['tinea corporis']


abstract: Our group has previously reported that excessive vascular @entity548 during dialysis treatment in stable hemodialysis (HD) @entity1 was associated with @entity417 and may indicate poorer health. The association between excessive @entity190 from access cannulation site and clinical outcomes was unknown. We hypothesized that excessive @entity548 may have an impact on all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality in this population. We prospectively conducted an observational, longitudinal study of 360 HD @entity1 . Excessive @entity548 was defined as at least an occurrence of @entity190 greater than 4   mL per HD session during a study period of one month. During a median follow-up of 83 months, all-cause mortality and CV mortality were registered. Outcomes were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazards regression analyses. A total of 118 (32.8%) @entity1 died and 54 of these were from CV @entity204 . Using a multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, @entity548 was found to be an independent predictor of all-cause mortality (HR 1.67, 95% CI 0.96-2.91, P = 0.070) but not for CV @entity204 (HR 1.53, 95% CI 0.88-2.68, P   =   0.135). Our study identified that excessive access cannulation site @entity548 could be a novel marker for increased risk of @entity204 in HD @entity1 .

title: Excessive Access Cannulation Site Bleeding Predicts Long-Term All-Cause Mortality in Chronic Hemodialysis XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['access bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Previously, therapeutic potency of CRAC channels blocker was evidenced as a significant decrease in airway smooth muscle hyperreactivity, antitussive and anti-inflammatory effects. The major role of the respiratory epithelium in @entity565 pathogenesis was highlighted only recently and CRAC channels were proposed as the most significant route of @entity141 entry into epithelial cells. The aim of the study was to analyse the impact of long-term administered CRAC channels blocker on airway epithelium, e.g. cytokine production and ciliary beat frequency (CBF) using an animal model of @entity56 . Ovalbumin-induced @entity56 airway inflammation of @entity840 was followed by long-term (14 days lasted) therapy by CRAC blocker ( @entity59119 , @entity55392 ). The influence of long-term therapy on cytokines ( @entity25350 , @entity6171 and @entity25351 ) in BALF and in plasma, immunohistochemical staining of pulmonary tissue (c-Fos positivity) and CBF in vitro were used for analysis. Decrease in cytokine levels and in c-Fos positivity confirmed an anti-inflammatory effect of long-term administered @entity55392 . Cytokine levels in BALF and distribution of c-Fos positivity suggested that @entity55392 was a more potent inhibitor of respiratory epithelium secretory functions than budesonide. @entity55392 and @entity4184 reduced CBF only insignificantly. All findings supported CRAC channels as promising target in the new strategy of antiasthmatic treatment.

title: The effect of long-term administered CRAC channels blocker on the functions of respiratory epithelium in XXXX @entity56 model.

entities_list: @entity59119 :: ('MESH:C576491', 'Chemical') :: ['3-fluoropyridine-4-carboxylic acid']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic asthma', 'allergic']

entities_list: @entity4184 :: ('MESH:D019819', 'Chemical') :: ['budesonide']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea pig']


abstract: Dietary @entity1474 can influence reproductive performance. In dairy @entity291 , some high-fat diets resulted in higher blastocyst rates and improved embryo quality. These effects may partly be mediated by a direct action of @entity1718 on oocyte development. The present study investigated the effect of @entity7461 (ALA; 18:3 n-3) supplementation on @entity291 oocyte maturation and early embryo development in vitro. Treatment of cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) with 50 muM ALA significantly increased the percentage of oocytes at the metaphase II (MII) stage compared with untreated controls (95% +/- 2% vs. 84% +/- 2%, respectively). Higher doses of ALA were detrimental. Treatment of COCs with 50 muM ALA compared with controls also resulted in a significantly higher percentage of cleaved embryos (77% +/- 9% vs. 69% +/- 9%, respectively) and blastocyst rate (36% +/- 4% vs. 23% +/- 5%, respectively) and better-quality embryos. Furthermore, COCs treated with ALA had significant increases compared with controls in: 1) @entity1421 ( @entity1421 ) concentration (233% +/- 41%) in the medium, 2) intracellular @entity268 at 3 h of maturation, and 3) phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) during the first 6 h of maturation. Moreover, ALA overcame the suppressive effects of the @entity3009 -endoperoxide synthase 2 inhibitor ( @entity8228 ) on oocyte maturation and partially improved the maturation rate in the presence of the MAPK kinase inhibitor ( @entity5732 ). @entity7461 could not, however, recover maturation in the presence of both inhibitors. In conclusion, treatment of @entity291 COCs with ALA during oocyte maturation affects the molecular mechanisms controlling oocyte nuclear maturation, leading to an increased number of MII-stage oocytes and improved subsequent early embryo development. This effect is mediated both directly through MAPK pathway and indirectly through @entity1421 synthesis.

title: The effect of @entity7461 on XXXX oocyte maturation and development.

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity1421 :: ('MESH:D015232', 'Chemical') :: ['PGE(2)', 'prostaglandin E(2)']

entities_list: @entity1474 :: ('MESH:D005231', 'Chemical') :: ['polyunsaturated fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity3009 :: ('CHEBI:26333', 'Chemical') :: ['prostaglandin']

entities_list: @entity7461 :: ('MESH:D017962', 'Chemical') :: ['Linolenic acid', 'linolenic acid']

answer: @entity291 :: (9913,Species) :: ['bovine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Necker cube is usually used for evaluating the visuoconstructional ability of @entity1 with @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and @entity303 . However, the Necker cube is often considered a drawing with a visual illusionary perspective. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether Necker cube copying could detect @entity1 with @entity73 due to @entity303 . METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the database of the 1998 prevalence study that was part of the Tajiri Project (n = 599). Pencil drawings of the Necker cube on A4-sized white paper by non-demented @entity1 (Clinical @entity303 Rating (CDR) 0 and 0.5, n = 256) were classified into two patterns: non-three-dimension (3-D) and 3-D. Two neuropsychologists assessed Necker cube copying according to the criteria of the classification. After the classification, the database of the 2003 incidence study was used according to the subjects' conversion to @entity303 . RESULTS: In the prevalence study, among those who made a non-3-D drawing of the Necker cube, there were significantly fewer @entity1 in the CDR 0 group than in the CDR 0.5 and @entity7958 + groups; similarly, there were significantly fewer @entity1 in the CDR 0.5 group than in the @entity7958 + group (  (2) = 32.6, P < 0.001; post-hoc tests using   (2) tests, CDR 0 > CDR 0.5 > @entity7958 +, P < 0.001). In the incidence study, among those who made a non-3-D drawing of the Necker cube, there were significantly fewer @entity1 in the non-converter group than in the converter group (  (2) = 19.9, P < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference between the non-converter group (n = 21) and the converter group (n = 21) when age, sex, educational levels, and Mini-Mental State Examination scores were controlled (  (2) = 0.0, P = 1.000). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggested that Necker cube copying may evaluate @entity227 as well as visuoconstructional ability. The Necker cube may not be an appropriate test to detect @entity1 with @entity73 due to @entity303 .

title: Necker cube copying may not be appropriate as an examination of XXXX : reanalysis from the Tajiri Project.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'people']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual illusion']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia', 'dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['MCI', 'mild cognitive impairment']

answer: @entity303 :: (MESH:D003704,Disease) :: ['dementia']


abstract: Treatments of 2000 @entity291 at monthly intervals with @entity24387 pour on (1 mg active ingredient/kg b.w.) resulted in a rapid decrease of @entity4409 ( @entity4409 ). After an initial curative treatment of the sentinel herd with @entity12695 (7 mg/kg b.w.) only positive cases were treated. Three applications of @entity24387 were sufficient to reduce the prevalence of @entity4409 to below 5%. Apart from a slight increase at the end of the first year the infection rate varied between 0 and 5%. A tsetse population disappeared from a heavily infested habitat after six treatments. The average tick infestation was 3-10 times lower than in a control site inspite of the repeated use of another acaricide. Between 3282 and 8624 animals were treated five times in the second year at intervals of about two months. 130 monoconical insecticide impregnated traps were deployed in habitats which were inaccessible for the @entity291 . The highest infection rate of the sentinel herd was 1.4%. Among another 150 eartagged @entity291 scattered over a district of about 1000 m2 the prevalence of @entity4409 dropped to 4.8% at the end of the second year. Emphasis is put on an active and financial participation of the rural communities to ensure a viable campaign and good prospects of a taking over by local organizations once the external interventions have stopped.

title: Simultaneous control of ticks and tsetse flies in Satiri, Burkina Faso, by the use of XXXX pour on for @entity291 .

entities_list: @entity4409 :: ('MESH:D000820', 'Disease') :: ['AAT', 'African Animal Trypanosomosis']

entities_list: @entity12695 :: ('MESH:C003915', 'Chemical') :: ['diminazene aceturate']

entities_list: @entity24387 :: ('MESH:C041392', 'Chemical') :: ['flumethrin']

answer: @entity24387 :: (MESH:C041392,Chemical) :: ['flumethrin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity5133 , a widespread epiphytic bacterium, has evolved into a hypersensitive response and pathogenicity (hrp)-dependent and host-specific gall-forming pathogen by the acquisition of a pathogenicity plasmid containing a type III secretion system (T3SS) and its effectors (T3Es). @entity5133 . betae (Pab) elicits galls on @entity33533 ( @entity33533 ) and gypsophila (Gypsophila paniculata), whereas @entity5133 . gypsophilae (Pag) incites galls on gypsophila and a hypersensitive response (HR) on @entity33533 . Draft genome sequences were generated and employed in combination with a machine-learning approach and a translocation assay into @entity33533 roots to identify the pools of T3Es in the two pathovars. The genomes of the sequenced Pab4188 and Pag824-1 strains have a similar size (   5 MB) and GC content (   55%). Mutational analysis revealed that, in Pab4188, eight T3Es (HsvB, HsvG, PseB, DspA/E, HopAY1, HopX2, HopAF1 and HrpK) contribute to pathogenicity on @entity33533 and gypsophila. In Pag824-1, nine T3Es (HsvG, HsvB, PthG, DspA/E, HopAY1, HopD1, HopX2, HopAF1 and HrpK) contribute to pathogenicity on gypsophila, whereas the PthG effector triggers HR on @entity33533 . HsvB, HsvG, PthG and PseB appear to endow pathovar specificities to Pab and Pag, and no homologous T3Es were identified for these proteins in other phytopathogenic bacteria. Conversely, the remaining T3Es contribute to the virulence of both pathovars, and homologous T3Es were found in other phytopathogenic bacteria. Remarkably, HsvG and HsvB, which act as host-specific transcription factors, displayed the largest contribution to disease development.

title: Revealing the inventory of type III effectors in XXXX gall-forming pathovars using draft genome sequences and a machine-learning approach.

entities_list: @entity5133 :: ('549', 'Species') :: ['Pantoea agglomerans', 'P. agglomerans pv', 'Pantoea agglomerans pv']

answer: @entity5133 :: (549,Species) :: ['Pantoea agglomerans']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 frequently present with unexplained @entity1295 in primary care, but there have been few treatment trials in this context. We aimed to test cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) and graded exercise therapy (GET) for @entity1 presenting to their family doctor with @entity1295 . Secondly, we described the outcome for a cohort of @entity1 who presented to the same doctors with @entity1295 , who received standard care, plus a booklet. METHOD: This was a randomized trial, followed by a prospective cohort study. Twenty-two practices in SE England referred 144 @entity1 aged 16 to 75 years with over 3 months of unexplained @entity1295 . Self-rated @entity1295 score, the hospital @entity148 and @entity308 rating scale, functional impairment, physical step-test performance and causal attributions were measured. In the trial six sessions of CBT or GET were randomly allocated. RESULTS: In the therapy groups the mean @entity1295 score decreased by 10 points (95% confidence interval (CI) = -25 to -15), with no significant difference between groups (mean difference = -1.3; CI = -3.9 to 1.3). Fewer @entity1 attended for GET. At outcome one-half of @entity1 had clinically important @entity1295 in both randomized groups, but @entity1 in the group offered CBT were less anxious. Twenty-seven per cent of the @entity1 met criteria for CFS at baseline. Only 25% of this subgroup recovered, compared to 60% of the subgroup that did not meet criteria for CFS. CONCLUSIONS: Short courses of GET were not superior to CBT for @entity1 consulting with @entity1295 of over 3 months in primary care. CBT was easier 'to sell'. Low recovery in the CFS subgroup suggests that brief treatment is too short.

title: Is graded exercise better than cognitive behaviour therapy for XXXX ? A UK randomized trial in primary care.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

answer: @entity1295 :: (MESH:D005221,Disease) :: ['fatigue']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acoustic rhinometry (AR) has been used to assess @entity8968 . Standard AR measurement of the cross-sectional area ( @entity870 ) of the nasal valve is done in the apneic phase, whereas collapse often occurs on inspiration. We used the ratio of the @entity870 obtained during active inspiration and during @entity386 to compute a more meaningful method of diagnosing @entity340 . METHODS: AR was performed in 40 @entity1 without @entity8968 and 47 @entity1 diagnosed with @entity8968 . @entity1 with septal deflection or anterior inferior turbinate @entity1184 were excluded. The internal and external nasal valve area was observed during @entity386 and on active inspiration. AR measurement of the @entity870 of both nasal valves was performed during the apneic phase and during active inspiration and the @entity870 (inspiratory)/ @entity870 (apneic) ratio was calculated. RESULTS: The @entity870 (inspiratory)/ @entity870 (apneic) ratio was > or = 1 in normal @entity1 and in @entity1 with fixed @entity340 . The ratio was <1 in @entity1 with @entity891 . Data from history, physical examination, and dual-mode AR testing successfully differentiated @entity1 into (1) normal valves, (2) fixed @entity340 , and (3) @entity340 . A large number of @entity1 with collapse had both @entity340 and a large number also had a combination of inspiratory and fixed collapse. CONCLUSION: Dual-mode AR testing is an effective tool in more precisely identifying @entity8968 and is the first objective test shown to be highly diagnostic of @entity340 .

title: Inspiratory and fixed XXXX : clinical and rhinometric assessment.

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity891 :: ('MESH:D001261', 'Disease') :: ['inspiratory collapse']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['inspiratory valve collapse', 'nasal valve collapse', 'inspiratory nasal valve collapse', 'internal and external valve obstruction', 'valve collapse']

entities_list: @entity8968 :: ('MESH:D015508', 'Disease') :: ['nasal valve obstruction']

answer: @entity340 :: (MESH:D006349,Disease) :: ['nasal valve collapse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The aging process is a deteriorating process that attacks the gastrointestinal tract, causing changes in the number and size of neurons from the enteric nervous system. The activity of free radicals on enteric neurons is helped by the significant reduction of antioxidants. AIM: Evaluate the effect of the @entity620 supplementation on the neurons that produce the vasoactive intestinal peptide ( @entity12180 ) in the submucous plexus of the ileum of normal @entity35 for a period of 120 days. METHODS: Fifteen @entity35 were divided in three groups: untreated control with 90 days, untreated control with 210 days and @entity620 -treated @entity35 with 210 days. @entity620 was given for 16 weeks from the 90th day of age by adding it to drinking water (1 g/L prepared fresh each day). The ileums were processed according to the immunohistochemistry technique for whole-mount preparation in order to detect the presence of @entity12180 immunoreactive in the cellular bodies and nervous fibers in the neurons of the submucous plexus. We have verified their immunoreactivity and measured the cellular profile of 80 cellular bodies of @entity12180 -ergic neurons from each studied group. RESULTS: The @entity620 supplementation did not alter physiological parameters such as water intake and food consumption of the three studied groups. We observed a significant increase of the cellular profile of @entity12180 -ergic neurons in untreated control with 210 days when compared to untreated control with 90 days. The cellular profile of @entity12180 -ergic neurons in @entity620 -treated @entity35 with 210 days was bigger than those observed in others groups. CONCLUSION: The @entity620 had a neurotrophic effect on @entity12180 -ergic neurons on the ileum after period 120 days of supplementation.

title: Effects of XXXX on the vasoactive intestinal peptide synthesis in the ileum submucous plexus of normal @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['ascorbic acid', 'Ascorbic acid']

answer: @entity620 :: (MESH:D001205,Chemical) :: ['ascorbic acid']


abstract: The article deals with results of study targeted to reveal laboratory biomarkers which can be useful in prognosis of effectiveness of rituximab therapy under @entity309 . The sampling consisted of 34 @entity1 with @entity309 (31 @entity1 , average age 49 years, 42-64 years, mean duration of disease 66, 36-132 months). All @entity1 were examined and received two infusions of rituximab intravenously with interval in 2 weeks against the background of standard therapy. The serum concentration of @entity1851 , IgM rheumatoid factor IgG, IgM, IgA were measured using immune nephelometric method. The level of cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies, modified citrullinated vimentin antibodies and IgA rheumatoid factor was measured using method of immune enzyme analysis. The panel of 27 cytokines was measured using multiplex technology xMAP. Before rituximab therapy indices DAS28 (6,12; 5. 52-6, 81), SDA1 (34.3; 23, 8-45, 9) and CDAI (31.3; 21, 8-38.5) corresponded to high activity of @entity309 . Up to 24th week of therapy good response on criteria EULAR was registered in 15 @entity1 , moderate response in 18 @entity1 and was absent in 1 @entity1 . The remission on DAS achieved more rarely in @entity1 with initially negative/ low positive values of IgM rheumatoid factor, basal level of IgM less than 2.4 g/l and duration of disease more than 40 months. In the group of @entity1 who attained remission on CDAI up to 24th week of therapy higher basal level of IL-IRA, @entity1199 , @entity687 , @entity8252 , Eotaxin, @entity2841 , @entity379 , @entity10557 and @entity310 was registered In @entity1 who attained remission on DAS 28 higher level of @entity1356 . @entity1199 , @entity650 , @entity1261 , @entity379 , @entity10557 and @entity310 was registered in comparison with @entity1 with disease in active mode. The detection of basal level of IgM rheumatoid factor, IgM and also certain cytokines ( @entity1356 , IL-IRA, @entity1199 , @entity687 , @entity8252 , @entity2841 , @entity379 , @entity10557 , Eotaxin, @entity310 ) can be useful in prognosis of effectiveness of rituximab therapy under @entity309 .

title: [The immunologic predictors of effect of anti-B-cell therapy under XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity309 :: ('MESH:D001172', 'Disease') :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

answer: @entity309 :: (MESH:D001172,Disease) :: ['rheumatoid arthritis']


abstract: @entity4756 -containing sensory axons originating from the cervical vagal nerves and the first several pairs of thoracic spinal nerves are involved in @entity13624 evoked by @entity2951 in the bronchial tree. Unilateral degeneration of the cervical vagal trunk by surgical @entity198 in the ipsilateral bronchial airways. The vagal trunk has two main branches, the @entity4775 and recurrent laryngeal nerve in the thorax. The main purpose of this study was to determine whether the @entity4775 or recurrent laryngeal nerve was significantly involved in the neural control of @entity32 in the @entity35 . A novel and safe surgical procedure was used for selectively cutting the right thoracic vagal trunk, @entity4775 , or recurrent laryngeal nerve by introducing the surgical instrument through an aperture between the first and second ribs in the ventral wall of the rostral mediastinum. This surgical operation could be completed without causing a pneumothorax. After 2 postoperative weeks, the effects of denervation on @entity2951 -induced plasma extravasation in the respiratory tract were tested. Either right thoracic vagal trunk transection or thoracic vagus section significantly decreased plasma extravasation in the right bronchial tree. Thoracic vagus section was obviously more effective. @entity5934 in the right lobar bronchi was reduced by 44-78% after thoracic vagal trunk transection, while that in the right mainstem and lobar bronchi was reduced by 58-81% after thoracic vagus section. Area densities of India ink-labeled leaky blood vessels in the right lobar bronchi were reduced by 40-65% after thoracic vagal trunk transection, and those in the right mainstem and lobar bronchi were reduced by 83-88% after thoracic vagus neurectomy. Recurrent laryngeal neurectomy did not change the plasma extravasation induced by @entity2951 in the @entity825 and bronchi. These results suggest that @entity2951 -sensitive fibers running in the vagal trunk, which largely mediated @entity13624 in the bronchial tree, were projected into the @entity4775 which, in turn, sent these nerve fibers to the ipsilateral bronchial tree. For the @entity825 , the remaining sensory fibers surviving denervation might provide sufficient @entity4756 to trigger @entity13624 .

title: A novel procedure for mediastinal vagotomy inhibits XXXX in @entity35 bronchial tree.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['bronchial inflammation']

entities_list: @entity198 :: ('MESH:D004660', 'Disease') :: ['lesion inhibits neurogenic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2951 :: ('MESH:D002211', 'Chemical') :: ['capsaicin']

entities_list: @entity5934 :: ('MESH:C536380', 'Disease') :: ['Evans blue extravasation']

entities_list: @entity4775 :: ('MESH:D020421', 'Disease') :: ['thoracic vagus nerve']

entities_list: @entity13624 :: ('MESH:D020078', 'Disease') :: ['neurogenic inflammation']

entities_list: @entity4756 :: ('MESH:D015320', 'Chemical') :: ['Tachykinin', 'tachykinins']

answer: @entity13624 :: (MESH:D020078,Disease) :: ['neurogenic inflammation']


abstract: Ureteric bud epithelial cells and metanephric mesenchymal cells that comprise the metanephric kidney primordium are capable of producing nephrons and collecting ducts through reciprocal inductive interaction. Once these cells are induced from pluripotent embryonic stem (ES) cells, they have the potential to become powerful tools in the regeneration of kidney tissues. In this study, we investigated these renal primordial cells and structures in @entity19 ES cell outgrowths and their transplants. Gene expression essential for early kidney development was examined by RT-PCR in embryoid body (EB) outgrowths and their transplants in adult @entity19 . Histochemical detection of kidney primordial structures and gene expression analysis coupled with laser microdissection were performed in transplant tissues. RT-PCR analysis detected gene expression of @entity16276 , @entity23863 , @entity7517 , @entity16277 , @entity58075 , @entity11490 , @entity49778 , @entity7515 , and @entity11494 in the EB outgrowths from days 6-9 of expansion onward, and also in the @entity44 tissues 14 and 28 days after transplantation. Histochemical analysis 14 days after transplantation showed that some ducts were positive for @entity16276 , endo A cytokeratin, @entity58535 , and Dolichos biflorus agglutinin and that dichotomous branching of these ducts had occurred. These staining patterns and morphological features are intrinsic for mesonephric ducts and ureteric buds. In long-term survival of 28 days, @entity16276 -immunoreactivity disappeared in some @entity8 , indicating their differentiation. Some ducts were accompanied by mesonephric nephron-like convoluted tubules. RT-PCR analysis of those structures collected by microdissection confirmed that they expressed kidney development-related genes. In conclusion, these data suggest the potential of ES cells to produce renal primordial duct structures and provides an insight into the regeneration of kidney tissues.

title: Branching ducts similar to mesonephric ducts or ureteric buds in @entity44 originating from XXXX embryonic stem cells.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal primordia-like structures']

entities_list: @entity44 :: ('MESH:D013724', 'Disease') :: ['teratoma']

entities_list: @entity58535 :: ('12556(Tax:10090)', 'Gene') :: ['kidney-specific cadherin']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mouse']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Some studies have demonstrated that @entity137 ( @entity137 ) is longer in @entity1 with @entity71 which in turn may be associated with @entity73 and increased driving risks. Any alteration on @entity137 which is induced by the treatment in this population may have great consequences positively or negatively. This study was designed to examine the effects of @entity18891 on @entity137 in adults with @entity71 ( @entity71 ). METHODS: A total of 30 adult @entity1 with @entity71 who did not suffer from any other major @entity146 were eligible to participate in this double blind, placebo controlled study. @entity1 were randomly assigned to receive either @entity18891 (4 mg/day for one week, then 8 mg/day) or placebo for 4 weeks. @entity137 was assessed at baseline and after 4 weeks by validated software which collects and analyses the data for auditory and visual stimulants. Numbers of correct responses, omission and substitution errors for each stimulus were calculated. RESULTS: Regarding visual tasks and in comparison with baseline scores, the number of correct responses increased significantly and the number of omission errors decreased significantly after 4 weeks of treatment (P<0.05) in both groups. However, with regard to auditory tasks scores, no significant differences were found at the end of the study compared to the baseline in each of the two groups. Additionally, no significant differences were noted between the two groups when both @entity227 were considered. CONCLUSION: Results of this study showed that @entity18891 did not affect the @entity137 of the @entity1 when both @entity227 were assessed. Further studies with larger number of @entity1 and for a longer period of time are required to confirm the result of this study.

title: A comparison of the effects of @entity18891 and placebo on reaction time in adults with XXXX ( @entity71 ).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual and auditory tasks']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Reaction Time', 'RT']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['educational and occupational impairment']

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['ADHD', 'Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder']

entities_list: @entity18891 :: ('MESH:C074679', 'Chemical') :: ['reboxetine']

answer: @entity71 :: (MESH:D001289,Disease) :: ['Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional improvement of rehabilitation inpatients with @entity37229 . DESIGN: Retrospective review. SETTING: Referral-based hospitals. @entity1 : @entity5 rehabilitation inpatients (N=7) admitted to 3 different @entity5 centers with a diagnosis of @entity37229 . INTERVENTION: Medical records were retrospectively analyzed for demographic, laboratory, medical, and functional data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE @entity15467 RESULTS: All 7 @entity1 were white @entity1 (median age, 62y). Primary @entity5 included @entity43 (n=2), @entity151 (n=2), uterine @entity189 (n=2), and @entity9962 (n=1). Mean admission total @entity15467 score was 61  23.97. Mean discharge total @entity15467 score was 73.6  29.35. The mean change in total @entity15467 score was 12.6 (P=.0018). The mean length of rehabilitation stay was 17.1 days. The mean total @entity15467 efficiency was .73. Of the 7 @entity1 , 5 (71%) were discharged home, 1 (14%) was discharged to a nursing home, and 1 (14%) was transferred to the primary acute care service. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate the functional performance of a group of rehabilitation inpatients with @entity37229 . Despite the poor neurologic prognosis associated with this syndrome, these @entity1 made significant functional improvements in inpatient rehabilitation. When appropriate, inpatient rehabilitation should be considered. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed.

title: Inpatient rehabilitation performance of XXXX with @entity37229 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity9962 :: ('MESH:D018270', 'Disease') :: ['invasive ductal breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer', 'Cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity37229 :: ('MESH:D020362', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['small cell lung cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine whether pretreatment CT texture features can improve @entity1 risk stratification beyond conventional prognostic factors (CPFs) in @entity5 ( @entity1149 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We retrospectively reviewed 91 cases with @entity5 treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy. All @entity1 underwent pretreatment diagnostic contrast enhanced computed tomography (CE-CT) followed by 4-dimensional CT (4D-CT) for treatment simulation. We used the average-CT and expiratory (T50-CT) images from the 4D-CT along with the CE-CT for texture extraction. Histogram, gradient, co-occurrence, gray tone difference, and filtration-based techniques were used for texture feature extraction. Penalized Cox regression implementing cross-validation was used for covariate selection and modeling. Models incorporating texture features from the 33 image types and CPFs were compared to those with models incorporating CPFs alone for @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ), local-regional control (LRC), and @entity3 ( @entity3 ). Predictive Kaplan-Meier curves were generated using leave-one-out cross-validation. @entity1 were stratified based on whether their predicted outcome was above or below the median. Reproducibility of texture features was evaluated using test-retest scans from independent @entity1 and quantified using concordance correlation coefficients (CCC). We compared models incorporating the reproducibility seen on test-retest scans to our original models and determined the classification reproducibility. RESULTS: Models incorporating both texture features and CPFs demonstrated a significant improvement in risk stratification compared to models using CPFs alone for @entity1349 (P=.046), LRC (P=.01), and @entity3 (P=.005). The average CCCs were 0.89, 0.91, and 0.67 for texture features extracted from the average-CT, T50-CT, and CE-CT, respectively. Incorporating reproducibility within our models yielded 80.4% (  3.7% SD), 78.3% (  4.0% SD), and 78.8% (  3.9% SD) classification reproducibility in terms of @entity1349 , LRC, and @entity3 , respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity5 texture may provide prognostic information beyond that obtained from CPFs. Models incorporating feature reproducibility achieved classification rates of    80%. External validation would be required to establish texture as a prognostic factor.

title: Prognostic value and reproducibility of pretreatment CT texture features in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['stage III non-small cell lung cancer', 'stage III NSCLC', 'Pretreatment tumor']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['freedom from distant metastases', 'FFDM']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage III non-small cell lung cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1757 ( @entity1757 ) after @entity583 is a catastrophic event. AIMS: We describe our multicentre experience of a defect closure strategy that combined surgery and transcatheter closure. METHODS: Data were obtained by retrospective chart review. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 (mean age, 67years) from three centres were studied. Median time from @entity583 to @entity1757 was 6 (range, 3-9) days. Acute @entity1455 occurred in 12 (60%) @entity1 . Median defect diameter by echocardiography was 18 (range, 12-28) mm. Median time to first surgical or percutaneous closure was 18 (range, 4-96) days. Twenty-seven procedures were performed in the 20 @entity1 . Surgical closure was undertaken in 14 @entity1 and contraindicated in eight, six of whom underwent percutaneous closure; the other two, after reconsideration, proceeded to surgical closure. No procedural complications occurred with percutaneous closure. Percutaneous closure @entity1 were older than surgical @entity1 (75 vs. 64years; P=0.01) and had a higher mean logistic EuroSCORE (87% vs. 67%; P=0.02). Rates of residual shunt and mortality did not differ between surgical and percutaneous @entity1 (P=0.12 and 0.3, respectively). Those who underwent early @entity1757 closure (<21days after @entity583 ) had higher rates of residual shunt (P=0.09) and mortality (P=0.01), irrespective of closure strategy. The mortality rate was also higher after early percutaneous closure (P=0.001), but not after early surgery. Finally, predicted mortality (logistic EuroSCORE) was higher than hospital mortality ( <=30days) in our @entity1 population (75% vs. 30%; P=0.01). CONCLUSION: Vigorous pursuit of closure of post- @entity583 @entity1757 with a sequential surgical and/or percutaneous approach is recommended for improved outcomes.

title: Sequential management of post- @entity583 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction', 'acute myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity1455 :: ('MESH:D012770', 'Disease') :: ['cardiogenic shock']

entities_list: @entity1757 :: ('MESH:D006345', 'Disease') :: ['Ventricular septal defect', 'VSD']

answer: @entity1757 :: (MESH:D006345,Disease) :: ['ventricular septal defects']


abstract: We evaluated the association between indicators of fetal growth and hospitalization with @entity166 during childhood in a cohort of 10,400 newborns. The cohort was based on @entity1 born to mothers who at about 36 weeks of gestation attended the midwife centres in Odense and Aalborg, Denmark for a routine examination. @entity1 were recruited to the study from April 1984 to April 1987. After linkage with the National Hospital Registry, the first hospitalization with @entity166 from 6 months up to 12 years of age was identified. The cumulative incidence of hospitalization with @entity166 during follow-up was 18.9%. Preterm birth was associated with an increased risk of being hospitalized with @entity281 during childhood (incidence rate ratio: 1.67, 95% CI: 1.33-2.10); low birth weight had a similar association, but only in @entity600 . Reduced birth length related to the head was correlated with an increased risk of hospitalization with @entity281 . The effect of gestational age was mainly seen in the period close to the time of birth, but the @entity1 who were short at birth appeared to remain at increased risk throughout the age interval under analysis. In conclusion, the study suggests that @entity600 was the main factor underlying the association between low birth weight and the increased risk of hospitalization with @entity166 during childhood. However, it could not explain the increased risk in @entity1 who were short at birth.

title: Indicators of fetal growth and XXXX in childhood--a birth cohort with hospitalization as outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Women']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity166 :: ('MESH:D003141', 'Disease') :: ['infectious disease']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['preterm birth']

answer: @entity166 :: (MESH:D003141,Disease) :: ['infectious disease']


abstract: In recent clinical trials, class III anti-arrhythmic drugs were found to reduce @entity204 in @entity1 after @entity583 . The purpose of this study was to assess the electrophysiologic properties and anti-arrhythmic efficacy for inducible sustained @entity1165 ( @entity1165 ) of the pure class III agent nifekalant @entity5209 ( @entity13188 ) in comparison with those of @entity1818 . Programmed ventricular stimulation of up to three extra stimuli was performed for induction of @entity1165 . Effective refractory period (ERP) of the @entity63 zone and normal zone was also measured before and after nifekalant. Nifekalant and @entity1818 suppressed sustained VT induction in four of 15 @entity1 and in six of 15 @entity1 , respectively (p = NS). @entity50 cycle length, PR interval, and QRS duration were not changed, but QT and QTc intervals were significantly increased with nifekalant (p < 0.01). Ventricular ERP also increased, whereas there were no significant differences in the increase of ERP between the @entity63 and normal zones. The suppression of VT induction did not correlate with the changes in QT, QTc, and ERP after nifekalant administration. There were no significant differences in induced VT cycle length at baseline study between responders and nonresponders to nifekalant. Reverse use dependence was not apparent on review of electrophysiologic parameters. Neither proarrhythmic events nor hemodynamic disturbances occurred after nifekalant administration. It was concluded that nifekalant could be used safely and showed comparable effectiveness to @entity1818 for the suppression of VT induction.

title: Anti-arrhythmic efficacy of nifekalant @entity5209 , a pure class III anti-arrhythmic agent, in @entity1 with healed @entity583 and inducible sustained XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardias', 'VTs']

entities_list: @entity1818 :: ('MESH:D011342', 'Chemical') :: ['procainamide']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity5209 :: ('CHEBI:36807', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochloride']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmic deaths']

answer: @entity1165 :: (MESH:D017180,Disease) :: ['ventricular tachycardia']


abstract: @entity8 -reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of @entity810 . We tested whether @entity6948 (Dex), an alpha2 adrenoceptor (a2-AR) agonist, protects against kidney I/R injury. @entity35 were divided into four groups: (1) Sham-operated group; (2) I/R group (40 min @entity63 followed by 24 h reperfusion); (3) I/R group + Dex (1  g/kg i.v. 60 min before the surgery), (4) I/R group + Dex (10  g/kg). The effects of Dex postconditiong (Dex 1 or 10  g/kg i.v. after reperfusion) as well as the effects of peripheral a2-AR agonism with @entity60462 were also examined. Hemodynamic effects were monitored, renal function measured, and acute tubular damage along with monocyte/macrophage infiltration scored. Kidney protein kinase B, toll like receptor 4, light chain 3B, @entity12220 ( @entity12220 ), @entity19310 , @entity860 kinase (AMPK), and endothelial @entity842 synthase (eNOS) expressions were measured, and kidney transciptome profiles analyzed. Dex preconditioning, but not postconditioning, attenuated I/R injury-induced @entity8 , @entity4295 and inflammatory response. Neither pre- nor postconditioning with @entity60462 protected kidneys. Dex decreased blood pressure more than @entity60462 , ameliorated I/R-induced impairment of autophagy and increased renal @entity12220 and eNOS expressions. Dex downregulated 245 and upregulated 61 genes representing 17 enriched Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, in particular, integrin pathway and @entity3802 . Ingenuity analysis revealed inhibition of Rac and nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 pathways, whereas @entity265 ( @entity265 ) pathway was activated. Dex preconditioning ameliorates kidney I/R injury and inflammatory response, at least in part, through @entity12220 - @entity3802 -pathway and possibly also through ischemic preconditioning.

title: @entity6948 preconditioning ameliorates XXXX -reperfusion injury.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal dysfunction', 'Kidney ischemia']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity4295 :: ('MESH:D007683', 'Disease') :: ['acute tubular necrosis']

entities_list: @entity265 :: ('25690(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['aryl hydrocarbon receptor', 'AHR']

entities_list: @entity60462 :: ('MESH:C400294', 'Chemical') :: ['fadolmidine']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity860 :: ('MESH:D000249', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine monophosphate']

entities_list: @entity6948 :: ('MESH:D020927', 'Chemical') :: ['dexmedetomidine']

entities_list: @entity12220 :: ('81649(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['p38', 'p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase', 'p38 MAPK']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['kidney ischemia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: This study was conducted to evaluate surgical outcome and to identify risk factors for hospital mortality and reoperation after repair of complete @entity474 . METHODS: A total of 147 consecutive @entity1 underwent repair between January 1986 and December 1998. Of those, 106 had @entity1467 , 37% had normal chromosomes, and 4 had other syndromes; 108 underwent primary repair, 19 had prior pulmonary artery banding, and 20 had additional tetralogy of Fallot. The median weight at primary repair was 4.5 kg. A two-patch technique was used in 88%. RESULTS: The 30-day mortality was 15% (70% confidence interval [CI] 12% to 19%). A double orifice @entity340 was found to be a significant risk factor (p = 0.002), with 6 of 11 @entity1 dying. If double orifice @entity340 @entity1 are excluded, the mortality rate falls to 12% (70% CI 9% to 15%). No difference in mortality was found between @entity1467 and chromosomally normal @entity1 but the latter more commonly required reoperation. Chromosomally normal @entity1 frequently have a @entity6349 common @entity340 (24% versus 3% in Down @entity1 , p < 0.001). In a multivariate Cox model including both variables, the presence of a @entity340 was a significant risk factor for reoperation. After controlling for the presence of a @entity1467 retained a significant protective effect but the upper limit of the confidence interval was close to 1. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of a double orifice @entity340 as an unforeseen risk factor for @entity204 .

title: Complete XXXX , @entity1467 , and surgical outcome: risk factors.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity474 :: ('MESH:C562831', 'Disease') :: ['atrioventricular septal defect']

entities_list: @entity1467 :: ('MESH:D004314', 'Disease') :: ['Down syndrome', 'dysplastic atrioventricular valve, Down syndrome']

entities_list: @entity340 :: ('MESH:D006349', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic atrioventricular valve', 'atrioventricular valve emerged', 'atrioventricular valve']

entities_list: @entity6349 :: ('MESH:D004416', 'Disease') :: ['dysplastic']

answer: @entity474 :: (MESH:C562831,Disease) :: ['atrioventricular septal defect']


abstract: Local cortical cooling for termination of @entity302 ( @entity302 ) has recently become a focus of research. The authors report on a newly devised cooling system that uses a thermoelectric (Peltier) chip and examine the system's performance in experimental neocortical @entity410 . Experiments were performed in adult male @entity35 after induction of @entity1508 anesthesia. The Peltier chip was attached to a heat sink with a water channel. Two @entity6619 tubes were connected to the heat sink, and water at 37 degrees C was circulated in the channel. The newly designed device was placed on the surface of the cortex. @entity4176 (KA) was injected into the cortex to provoke @entity302 . In the nonepileptic cortex, the temperature of the cortical surface decreased to 14.8 +/- 1.5 degrees C and that 2 mm below the surface to 27.1 +/- 3.1 degrees C within 30 seconds after the start of cooling. The temperature of the heated side of the chip was maintained at approximately 36.9 degrees C. Without water circulation, the temperature of the cortical surface decreased to 20 degrees C but soon began to increase, peaking at 30 degrees C. The temperature of the heated side of the chip rose to more than 60 degrees C. The @entity302 , which appeared within 20 minutes after KA injection, began to decrease in amplitude immediately after cooling began and continued to decrease as the temperature of the cortex was lowered. Sufficient miniaturization and good performance of the cooling device was demonstrated. Further efforts to develop implantable cooling systems and improve existing ones should be continued.

title: Use of a Peltier chip with a newly devised local brain-cooling system for neocortical XXXX in the @entity35 . Technical note.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['halothane']

entities_list: @entity4176 :: ('MESH:D007608', 'Chemical') :: ['Kainic acid']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epileptic discharges', 'EDs']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: AIMS: Contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (ceMRI) has been shown to reliably identify irreversible @entity296 . The aim of this study was to compare the findings on ceMRI with routine clinical markers of @entity296 in @entity1 with @entity583 ( @entity583 ). METHODS AND RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 with acute @entity583 were investigated at 1.5 T. The @entity296 was analysed with a standard cine MR protocol and a stack of short @entity2270 slices encompassing the entire left ventricle. Corresponding short @entity2270 slices were acquired for delayed ceMRI 15-20 min after the administration of 0.2 mmol @entity7241 /kg body weight. Mass of hyperenhancement and peak @entity908 kinase release (peak CK) was determined for each @entity1 . The presenting 12-lead ECG was analysed for ST-elevation on admission and later development of Q-waves. Mass of hyperenhancement correlated moderately well to peak CK (r = 0.65, p < 0.01) and endsystolic volume index (r = 0.55, p < 0.01). Mass of hyperenhancement was inversely correlated to ejection fraction (r = -0.50, p = 0.02). Neither the presence of ST elevation on the admission ECG nor the later development of Q-waves did relate to the transmural extent of hyperenhancement and to the mass of hyperenhancement. CONCLUSION: Mass of hyperenhancement significantly correlates to @entity296 and to peak CK. However, there is no relationship between the findings in ceMRI and 12-lead ECG abnormalities on admission suggesting an advantage of ceMRI in defining transmural extent and depicting small areas of @entity39 .

title: Diagnostic value of routine clinical parameters in @entity583 : a comparison to delayed contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. Delayed enhancement and routine clinical parameters after XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial injury', 'global myocardial function']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity7241 :: ('MESH:D019786', 'Chemical') :: ['gadolinium-DTPA']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['MI', 'acute myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity583 :: (MESH:D009203,Disease) :: ['myocardial infarction']


abstract: PURPOSE: This prospective study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of @entity8445 on the lipoprotein profile of @entity1 with @entity42000 ( @entity42000 ). @entity1 AND METHODS: Eight @entity1 with well-defined @entity42000 associated with the @entity2204 phenotype were treated with @entity8445 (Lopid) at a dose of 600 mg twice daily for a period of 10 months. Blood samples were taken at baseline, after 4 and 5 weeks, after 3 months, and after 10 months. The separation of serum lipoprotein (sub)fractions was performed by a recently developed density gradient ultracentrifugation technique. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of @entity8445 therapy, the concentrations of serum total @entity165 and serum total @entity412 had decreased by 45% (from 11.87 to 6.51 mmol/L, p < 0.01) and by 63% (from 6.08 to 2.23 mmol/L, p < 0.001), respectively. The @entity165 concentrations of very-low-density lipoprotein-1 (VLDL1) (large VLDL), VLDL2 (small VLDL), and intermediate-density lipoprotein (IDL) had decreased significantly by 73%, 74%, and 34%, respectively. The low-density lipoprotein (LDL)- @entity165 level remained unchanged, whereas the particle size of LDL showed a small but significant increase (from 24.09 nm to 24.43 nm, p < 0.01). The concentrations of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)- @entity165 , apo A-I, and @entity3294 had increased significantly by 23%, 13%, and 29%, respectively. Only minor changes in the composition of the lipoprotein (sub)fractions were observed. After 3 months of treatment with @entity8445 , the concentrations of serum total @entity165 and serum total @entity412 were 5.95 mmol/L and 2.06 mmol/L, respectively, and after 10 months of treatment with @entity8445 , the concentrations of serum total @entity165 and serum total @entity412 were 6.19 mmol/L and 2.27 mmol/L, respectively. CONCLUSION: @entity8445 treatment in @entity1 with @entity42000 resulted in a marked reduction of the concentrations of large VLDL, small VLDL, and IDL, and an increase in the levels of HDL, apo A-I, and @entity3294 . These changes are considered to exert an antiatherosclerotic effect in these @entity1 .

title: Changes of lipoprotein profile in XXXX with @entity8445 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2204 :: ('348', 'Gene') :: ['apolipoprotein (apo) E2/2']

entities_list: @entity412 :: ('CHEBI:17855', 'Chemical') :: ['triglyceride']

entities_list: @entity42000 :: ('MESH:D006952', 'Disease') :: ['familial dysbetalipoproteinemia', 'type III hyperlipoproteinemia']

entities_list: @entity8445 :: ('MESH:D015248', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemfibrozil', 'gemfibrozil']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity42000 :: (MESH:D006952,Disease) :: ['familial dysbetalipoproteinemia']


abstract: This study was set up to review cases of @entity4550 admitted to the eye ward of our hospital between 1994 and 1998, and to compare the findings with similar studies. Twenty-one (14 males, 7 females, age range 45 days to 50 years [mean 13 years]) of 35 @entity1 with an initial diagnosis of @entity4550 were reviewed (14 @entity1 were excluded from the final analysis). Most of the cases were associated with pansinusitis, the commonest organism isolated being @entity794 . All the @entity1 were co-managed with ortorhinolaryngologists, and sometimes also with bacteriologists and paediatricians. Seventy-five per cent of the @entity1 made a full recovery. Complications included @entity2694 (28.6%), @entity1952 (10%), @entity231 (10%) and @entity410 (5%). @entity4550 remains a childhood infection with potentially devastating consequences. There appears to have been a reduction not only in the number of cases admitted to the eye ward but also in the number and severity of complications. Prompt treatment and a multidisciplinary approach to management may be partly responsible for the improved outcome. This approach therefore needs to be encouraged.

title: XXXX : a review of 21 cases from Ibadan, Nigeria.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1952 :: ('MESH:D009896', 'Disease') :: ['optic atrophy']

entities_list: @entity231 :: ('MESH:D002386', 'Disease') :: ['cornea opacities']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['orbital abscess']

entities_list: @entity4550 :: ('MESH:D054517', 'Disease') :: ['Orbital cellulitis', 'orbital cellulitis']

answer: @entity4550 :: (MESH:D054517,Disease) :: ['Orbital cellulitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine if radiographic response correlates with survival for @entity1 treated @entity1 with @entity11 treated on Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) protocol 90-06. This study compared @entity1 treated with hyperfractionated radiation and @entity3600 ( @entity3600 ) to standard fractionation and BCNU. METHODS: There were 453 @entity1 evaluable. Histology included @entity816 (60) (AA), and @entity463 multiforme (312) (GBM). All scans were forwarded to the RTOG central office and evaluated by a single reviewer without knowledge of outcome. Response at 4 months post initiation of therapy was evaluated by computed tomography or magnetic resonance image and compared with overall survival. RESULTS: For @entity1 with no @entity5 on the 4 month scan the median survival was 20.3 months and the 2 year survival 43%. @entity1 with partial or minor response had a median survival of 18.1 and 14.2 months and 2 year survival of 37% and 29%. @entity1 with progression had a median survival of 8.6 months and 2 year survival of 10%. CONCLUSIONS: Response rates were similar in both arms.

title: Imaging response in XXXX , RTOG 90-06.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['malignant gliomas']

entities_list: @entity3600 :: ('MESH:D002330', 'Chemical') :: ['BCNU', '1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea']

entities_list: @entity816 :: ('MESH:D001254', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic astrocytoma']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['malignant glioma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Few studies of renal @entity68 content have been performed with multiecho gradient-echo (ME-GRE) T2* magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We assessed the feasibility and reproducibility of ME-GRE T2* MRI for measuring regional and global renal T2* values, and established the lower limits of normal in healthy subjects, also correlating the measured values with age and sex. METHODS: Twenty consecutive healthy subjects (13 @entity1 and 7 @entity1 , mean age 29.1      7.2  years, range 19-42  years) underwent MRI examinations using a 1.5 T magnet and an ME-GRE T2* sequence. For each kidney, T2* was measured in anterior, posterolateral, and posteromedial renal parenchymal regions. The mean T2* value was calculated as the average of the two kidneys T2* values. RESULTS: For the mean kidney T2* value, the coefficients of variation for intra- and inter-operator reproducibility were 1.76% and 6.23%, respectively. The lower limit of normal for the mean kidney T2* value was 31  ms (median 51.39      10.09). There was no significant difference between left and right kidney T2* values (p  =  0.578). No significant correlation was found between T2* values and subjects' age or sex. CONCLUSIONS: @entity8 * appears to be a feasible and reproducible technique. The renal T2* values showed no @entity734 on sex or age.

title: Quantitative T2* magnetic resonance imaging for renal XXXX overload assessment: normal values by age and sex.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['Renal ME-GRE T2']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['dependence']

answer: @entity68 :: (MESH:D007501,Chemical) :: ['iron']


abstract: In summary, this is a @entity1 who presented with @entity12906 and @entity3618 . The major diagnostic challenge was in differentiating primary @entity66 from a central abnormality of ventilatory drive. The arterial blood gases showed a normal A-a gradient suggesting @entity3316 as the etiology of his @entity519 . Pulmonary function testing showed air trapping, but a relatively normal FEV1/FVC and airways resistance. The literature suggests that most altitude natives have depressed hypoxemic and hypercapnic drives with a distinct subset demonstrating a profoundly depressed drive to ventilation. This latter group has been labeled as having @entity5754 or @entity195 . As one might expect, ventilatory control during sleep is also abnormal in these @entity1 with @entity25266 . Our @entity1 indeed showed typical frequent severe desaturations with @entity387 . The diagnosis of @entity25266 in our @entity1 was made with routine arterial blood gases and standard pulmonary function tests. Additional tests of ventilatory responsiveness to @entity26 and @entity544 could have been performed, but are not necessary to make the diagnosis.

title: A case of XXXX diagnosed by routine pulmonary function tests.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cardiopulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity12906 :: ('MESH:D000142', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory acidosis']

entities_list: @entity387 :: ('MESH:D012891', 'Disease') :: ['hypopnea']

entities_list: @entity3618 :: ('MESH:D011660', 'Disease') :: ['cor pulmonale']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxemia']

entities_list: @entity3316 :: ('MESH:D007040', 'Disease') :: ['hypoventilation']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Monge's disease"]

entities_list: @entity5754 :: ('MESH:D000532', 'Disease') :: ['chronic mountain sickness']

entities_list: @entity544 :: ('MESH:D002245', 'Chemical') :: ['carbon dioxide']

answer: @entity5754 :: (MESH:D000532,Disease) :: ['chronic mountain sickness']


abstract: AIM: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the response to periodontal treatment differs among @entity28 , overweight or normal-weight @entity1 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: Both randomized and non-randomized studies were identified from searches up to July 2013. Risk of bias was assessed with the Downs-Black checklist, the Cochrane tool and the GRADE framework. Quantitative synthesis was conducted with random-effects meta-analyses in subgroups for systemically healthy and @entity6 @entity1 . RESULTS: A total of 15 studies including 867 @entity1 were included. No significant difference was found for any clinical periodontal parameter between overweight/ @entity28 and normal-weight @entity1 . Periodontal treatment in systemically healthy overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 was associated with higher decrease in @entity310 levels (1 study) and higher decrease in HbA1c levels (1 study) compared to systemically healthy normal-weight @entity1 . Contrary to @entity6 normal-weight @entity1 , periodontal treatment in @entity6 overweight/ @entity28 @entity1 was associated with an increase in @entity1254 levels (2 studies) and a decrease in @entity1243 levels (2 studies). However, the quality of existing evidence is low due to inconsistency, imprecision and lack of studies. CONCLUSIONS: Whereas no difference was found in clinical periodontal parameters, significant differences in inflammatory or metabolic parameters were found between overweight/ @entity28 and normal-weight @entity1 , but existing evidence is weak.

title: Effect of overweight/ XXXX on response to periodontal treatment: systematic review and a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Malignant transformation of sex @entity134 -dependent tissues has been reported to be associated with abnormal expression of sex @entity134 receptors. In addition, abnormalities of cell cycle-related molecules have been demonstrated in various @entity5 . However, expression of @entity134 receptors and cell cycle-related molecules in the process of malignant transformation of the ectocervical squamous epithelium, which also is a sex @entity134 -dependent tissue, has not been elucidated fully. METHODS: Immunohistochemical staining was performed on @entity406 fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections of normal squamous epithelia (30 cases), @entity3146 ( @entity3146 ) (21 cases), and invasive @entity957 ( @entity957 ) (33 cases), using antibodies against @entity172 receptors (ER), @entity1420 receptors (PR), cyclins (E, A, and B1), cyclin-dependent kinases ( @entity15308 and @entity10610 ), and @entity876 protein. In addition, growth activity of @entity957 was evaluated by Ki-67 labeling. RESULTS: In the normal epithelia, diffuse proportionate to regional expression of ER/PR and sporadic expression of cyclins/cdks were observed mainly in the parabasal cells irrespective of the menstrual cycle. In the @entity1313 , the expression of ER markedly decreased; however, the expression of PR increased. The expression of cyclins, cdks, and @entity876 was increased in a considerable number of these neoplastic cases. In addition, @entity7596 positive @entity957 had elevated Ki-67 labeling, whereas cyclin E positive @entity957 cases had lower Ki-67 labeling. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that malignant transformation of ectocervical epithelia is associated with loss of normal growth control by @entity134 hormones as well as with the acquisition of abnormal cell cycle regulatory mechanisms.

title: Immunohistochemical detection of sex XXXX receptors, cyclins, and cyclin-dependent kinases in the normal and neoplastic squamous epithelia of the uterine cervix.

entities_list: @entity172 :: ('MESH:D004967', 'Chemical') :: ['estrogen']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['neoplastic lesions']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['SCC', 'squamous carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity406 :: ('MESH:D005557', 'Chemical') :: ['formalin']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia', 'CIN']

answer: @entity134 :: (CHEBI:35341,Chemical) :: ['steroid']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To investigate the potential beneficial effects of posterior pericardial drainage in @entity1 undergoing heart surgery. METHODS: Multiple online databases and relevant congress proceedings were screened for randomized controlled trials assessing the efficacy and safety of posterior pericardial drainage, defined as posterior pericardiotomy incision, chest  tube to posterior pericardium, or both. Primary endpoint was in-hospital/30  days' @entity2293 . Secondary endpoints comprised @entity204 or @entity1167 , early  and late pericardial effusion, @entity955 ( @entity955 ), @entity810 , @entity358 , and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: Nineteen randomized controlled trials that enrolled 3425 @entity1 were included. Posterior pericardial drainage was associated with a significant 90% reduction of the odds of @entity2293 compared with the control group: odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 0.13 (0.07-0.25); P  <  .001. The corresponding event rates were 0.42% versus 4.95%. The odds of early and late pericardial effusion were reduced significantly in the intervention arm: 0.20 (0.11-0.36); P  <  .001 and 0.05 (0.02-0.10); P  <  .001, respectively. Posterior pericardial drainage significantly reduced the odds of @entity955 by 58% (P  <  .001) and was associated with significantly shortened (by nearly 1  day) overall length of hospital stay (P  <  .001). @entity260 translated into significantly reduced odds of @entity204 or @entity1167 (P  =  .03) and numerically lower odds of @entity810 (P  =  .08). CONCLUSIONS: Posterior pericardial drainage is safe and simple technique that significantly reduces not only the prevalence of early pericardial effusion and @entity955 but also late pericardial effusion and @entity2293 . These benefits, in turn, translate into improved survival after heart surgery.

title: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials assessing safety and efficacy of posterior pericardial drainage in XXXX undergoing heart surgery.

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['Reductions in postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary complications']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['POAF', 'postoperative atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest', 'cardiac  arrest']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute kidney injury']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Immigrants to Westernized countries adopt the prevalence of @entity56 of native populations, yet no data are available on immigrants to low-income or @entity258 prevalence countries. We investigated these questions using data from the International Study of @entity566 in Childhood. METHODS: Standardized questionnaires were completed by 13-14-year-old adolescents and by the parent/guardians of 6-7-year-old @entity1 . Questions on the symptom prevalence of @entity565 , @entity7370 and @entity484 , and a wide range of factors postulated to be associated with these conditions, including birth in or not in the country and age at immigration, were asked. Odds ratios for risk of the three diseases according to immigration status were calculated using generalized linear mixed models. These were adjusted for: world region; language and gross national income; and individual risk factors including gender, maternal education, antibiotic and @entity1443 use, maternal smoking, and diet. Effect modification by gross national income and by prevalence was examined. RESULTS: There were 326   691 adolescents from 48 countries and 208   523 @entity1 from 31 countries. Immigration was associated with a lower prevalence of @entity565 , @entity7370 and @entity484 in both age groups than among those born in the country studied, and this association was mainly confined to high-prevalence/affluent countries. This reduced risk was greater in those who had lived fewer years in the host country. CONCLUSIONS: Recent migration to high prevalence/affluent countries is associated with a lower prevalence of @entity56 . The protective pre-migration environment quickly decreases with increasing time in the host country.

title: Does migration affect @entity565 , @entity7370 and XXXX prevalence? Global findings from the international study of @entity565 and @entity566 in childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity7370 :: ('OMIM:613207', 'Disease') :: ['rhinoconjunctivitis']

entities_list: @entity566 :: ('MESH:D006967', 'Disease') :: ['Asthma and Allergies']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic diseases']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity258 :: ('MESH:D009800', 'Disease') :: ['low-disease']

answer: @entity484 :: (MESH:D004485,Disease) :: ['eczema']


abstract: Phosphoinositide 3-kinases (PI3Ks) generate several distinct lipid second messengers including @entity4357 (3,4,5) trisphosphate (PIP3) and @entity4357 (3,4) bisphosphate @entity54997 . @entity54997 is produced with distinct kinetics and binds to distinct PH domain effector proteins; however, the regulation of this signaling pathway is poorly understood. @entity224 such as @entity273 are transiently produced after activation through various cell surface receptors and play important roles in immune and inflammatory responses. Here we use quantitative microscopy to examine the effect of @entity2625 on @entity54997 -mediated mobilization of signaling proteins in B lymphocytes. @entity2625 was found to induce dose-dependant membrane recruitment of the @entity54997 -binding PH domain proteins @entity59759 , @entity57188 and @entity584 but not the PIP3-binding PH domain of @entity13852 . @entity2625 -induced membrane recruitment was found to be dependant on PI3K activity, with the @entity10412 isoform contributing much of the activity in the BJAB @entity1 @entity1892 model. Strikingly, @entity2625 co-stimulation enhanced antigen receptor-induced membrane recruitment of @entity59759 and @entity57188 , with combined stimulation exceeding the maximum achievable with either stimulus alone. Expression of the lipid phosphatase @entity983 led to reduction of antigen receptor-induced membrane recruitment of @entity57188 ; however, @entity2625 costimulation could overcome the inhibitory effect of @entity983 . Inhibition of the @entity1110 oxidase led to reduction of antigen receptor-induced membrane recruitment of @entity57188 . Our results indicate that exogenous and endogenous @entity224 can modulate the quality of the PI3K signal in lymphocytes by selectively increasing PI(3,4)P2-dependant signaling.

title: Regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase signaling by oxidants: XXXX selectively enhances immunoreceptor-induced recruitment of @entity4357 (3,4) bisphosphate-binding PH domain proteins.

entities_list: @entity2625 :: ('CHEBI:44785', 'Chemical') :: ['Peroxide', 'peroxide']

entities_list: @entity273 :: ('MESH:D006861', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrogen peroxide']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['Superoxides', 'superoxides']

entities_list: @entity4357 :: ('MESH:D010716', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol']

answer: @entity273 :: (MESH:D006861,Chemical) :: ['hydrogen peroxide']


abstract: Purpose: To determine parental attitudes regarding engagement with video games by their @entity1 with @entity2438 and whether attitudes vary based on @entity2438 symptom severity. Method: Online survey methodology was used to gather information from parents of @entity1 with @entity2438 between the ages of 8 and 12 years old. The finalized dataset included 152 cases. Descriptive statistics and frequency analyses were used to examine @entity1 demographics and video game play. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to evaluate questions on the Theory of Planned Behavior. Regression analyses determined the predictive ability of the Theory of Planned Behavior constructs, and t-tests provided additional descriptive information about between-group differences. Results: @entity1 with @entity2438 play video games. There are no significant differences in the time, intensity or types of games played based on severity of @entity2438 symptoms (mild vs. moderate). Parents of @entity1 with @entity2438 had positive attitudes about video game play. Conclusions: Parents of @entity1 with @entity2438 appear to support video game play. On average, parents indicated video game play was positive for their @entity1 with @entity2438 , particularly if they believed the games were having a positive impact on their @entity1 's development.

title: Parental intention to support video game play by XXXX with autism spectrum disorder: An application of the Theory of Planned Behavior.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'participant', 'Children', 'child']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']