abstract: The authors studied @entity3041 characteristics for horseshoe kidney in 170 @entity1 aged 15-70. Basing on anatomic and functional features and @entity5331 in each @entity1 136 operative interventions on one or two parts of the fused kidney in 125 @entity1 were conducted. 26 heminephrectomies were carried out in @entity3041 stage III, @entity10566 and acute purulent focal @entity2885 . 110 stage I-II @entity3041 @entity1 underwent an original reconstructive combined surgery on the fused kidney ending in formation of two separate organs. High incidence of @entity3041 in horseshoe kidney against that in normal kidney (64 and 7%, respectively) and not infrequent bilateral involvement (63%) can be explained by anomalous structure of the organ conducive to obstruction of the urinary tracts. In 136 surgical cases the obstruction was due to: peripelvic compression of the ureter above the isthmus of the kidney (128 cases), high branching of the ureter from the renal pelvis with formation of the "spur" (114 cases), periurethritis and the fixed peripelvic ureteral kink by the adhesions (64 cases), @entity1698 (42 cases) or its compression by the accessory vessel (12 cases). To correct these abnormalities, it is reasonable to employ reconstructive surgery proposed by E. M. Shimkus. The procedure implies the isthmus resection with renal segment part, resection of the lower calyx, pelvic plasty according to Anderson-Hines technique, pyelolithotomy and nephropexy. This surgery abolishes all the underlying causes of fused kidney @entity3041 and reestablishes urodynamics. It secured positive results by 2-28-year follow-up in 95% of the @entity1 and is recommended as a method of choice.

title: [ XXXX in a horseshoe kidney].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5331 :: ('MESH:D014522', 'Disease') :: ['urethral condition']

entities_list: @entity1698 :: ('MESH:D014516', 'Disease') :: ['congenital stricture of the peripelvic ureter']

entities_list: @entity3041 :: ('MESH:D006869', 'Disease') :: ['hydronephrosis']

entities_list: @entity2885 :: ('MESH:D011704', 'Disease') :: ['pyelonephritis']

entities_list: @entity10566 :: ('MESH:D053018', 'Disease') :: ['pyonephrosis']

answer: @entity3041 :: (MESH:D006869,Disease) :: ['Hydronephrosis']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: e18034 Background: Evidenced-based data and treatment guidelines for @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ) exist to improve the quality and effectiveness of care for these @entity5 @entity1 . However, how often evidence-based decisions are used for care of @entity1149 is poorly understood. METHODS: We examined the patterns of care and the rate of adherence to evidenced-based treatment guidelines for @entity1149 at an @entity4207 center's thoracic oncology clinic. Of the 622 cases of @entity2 , 185 new @entity1 with @entity1149 seen between 2007 and 2009 were included in the study. Evidenced-based care status was determined in 150 cases. RESULTS: 81% of the @entity1 were Caucasian, the mean age was 66 years, 49% were @entity1 , 11% were never smokers, 83% had an ECOG performance status of 0 or 1, 49.7% of the @entity5 were @entity420 , 18% of @entity5 were genotyped ( @entity470 or @entity7041 or @entity984 mutations) with the genotyping rate being 57.1% in never smokers, and only 13.3% of @entity1 were treated on a clinical trial. We found that the rate of evidenced-based treatment adherence was 94.1% (16/17), 100% (21/21) and 100% (36/36) in @entity1 with stages I, II and III @entity1149 , respectively. Stage IV disease was correlated with a higher rate of non-adherence to treatment guidelines when compared to stages I-III (OR 21.21, 95% CI 3.99-394). For the subset of stage IV @entity1149 , the rate of evidenced-based adherence was 95% (72/76) for first line therapy, 95% (38/40) for second line therapy and only 25% (4/16) for third line therapy (p < 0.0001). In all @entity1 , or only the subset of stage IV @entity1 who received at least three lines of therapy, there was no significant correlation between evidenced-based adherence status and the @entity1 's age, sex, ECOG performance status, smoking history, ethnicity, or the treating physician of record. CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate the patterns of @entity1149 care for a typical @entity4207 medical center in the United States, and point towards need for improved evidenced-based use of resources in the third line setting of stage IV @entity1149 .

title: Patterns of care for @entity1149 at an @entity4207 institution affiliated with a National XXXX Institute-designated @entity5 center: Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinomas']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['Cancer']


abstract: In the nonobese @entity6 (NOD) @entity19 , susceptibility to @entity1723 is in part controlled by a single expressed class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule, @entity19665 . This molecule probably exerts its control through the representation of a self-peptide, derived from an unknown beta cell antigen, leading to T cell activation and eventual islet destruction. In this paper, synthetic peptides have been used to compete for binding to the @entity19665 molecule in an attempt to suppress the autoimmune response. The administration of an @entity19665 -binding immunogenic peptide, lambda repressor (cI) 12-26, in a water and oil emulsion (incomplete Freund's adjuvant) can prevent the transfer of @entity1723 into irradiated recipients by spleen cells from @entity6 donors. Nonbinding, nonimmunogenic peptides have no effect in this situation. However, the immune response to the "blocking" peptide in these experiments was a complicating factor in interpreting the results. To establish that the effect was at the level of competition for MHC binding, two additional approaches were tried. First, tolerance was induced to the immunogenic peptide, cI 12-26, before using it to "block" disease. Tolerance abolished the effect on @entity6 transfer. Second, an effort was made to identify peptides that were nonimmunogenic but that bound to @entity19665 . Such a peptide, @entity19 prostatic secretory glycoprotein precursor 63-76, had no effect on the incidence of transferred disease. We conclude that the "blocking" effects seen in initial experiments in the NOD @entity19 were not caused by blockade of MHC presentation, but by other unknown effects related to the immunogenicity of the "blocking" peptide.

title: Prevention of @entity1723 in nonobese @entity6 XXXX by immunogenic but not by tolerated peptides.

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['IDDM', 'insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: It has been shown that the pressure-to-cornea index (PCI), which estimates the relative effects of intraocular pressure (IOP) and @entity2840 ( @entity2840 ), may differentiate between @entity726 and @entity726 states. The authors investigated the utility of the pressure-cornea-vascular index (PCVI) in predicting field-progression in @entity1 with normal tension @entity726 (NTG). METHODS: PCVI was constructed from PCI (maximum IOP/ @entity2840 (3)) extended with risk factors identified as associated with field-progression in a prospective NTG cohort. Receiver operator characteristics and area under the curve (AUC) of a range of constructs were calculated to arrive at an optimal PCVI. RESULTS: 415 eyes from 415 NTG subjects (184 field-progressed and 231 field-stable) with 3 years of follow-up were analysed. The construct PCVI=(maximum pretreatment office IOP   age at presentation   vertical cup-to-disc ratio at presentation   (1.5 if presence of systemic @entity101 ; 2.5 if presence of disc @entity548 ; 3.5 if presence of both; 1.0 if none))/( @entity2840 (3) 100) ( @entity2840 in mm) gave the highest AUC at 0.71 (95% CI 0.66 to 0.76, p<0.001). The mean PCVI were 113.1  76.8 and 69.7  39.7 for progressed and stable NTG groups, respectively (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: PCVI may be useful for predicting progression in NTG with a satisfactory AUC comparable to established scoring systems in neurovascular medicine. Validation of PCVI in other NTG cohorts, preferably of different ethnicity, is necessary. Trial registration number NCT00321386.

title: Pressure-cornea-vascular index (PCVI) for predicting disease progression in normal tension XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2840 :: ('MESH:C563262', 'Disease') :: ['CCT', 'central corneal thickness']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity726 :: ('MESH:D005901', 'Disease') :: ['glaucoma', 'non-glaucoma']

answer: @entity726 :: (MESH:D005901,Disease) :: ['glaucoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: To analyze rate, risk factors, and costs associated with 30-day readmission after @entity43 surgery. @entity1 AND METHODS: The SEER-Medicare linked database (1992 to 2010) was used to evaluate readmission rates within 30 days of index surgery in @entity1 with stage IIIC/IV ovarian, primary peritoneal, or @entity6887 . Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with readmission. RESULTS: Of 5,152 eligible @entity1 , 1,003 (19.5%) were readmitted within 30 days of discharge. Mean @entity1 age was 75 years. Diagnoses associated with readmission included infection (34.7%), @entity2700 (34.3%), @entity2616 (26.2%), metabolic/electrolyte derangements (23.1%), and @entity417 (12.3%). In multivariable analysis, year of discharge was significantly associated with 30-day readmission (1996 to 2000: odds ratio [OR], 1.32; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.71; 2001 to 2005: OR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.24 to 2.0; 2006 to 2010: OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.35 to 2.21; referent years 1992 to 1995), as were length of index hospital stay more than 8 days (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.18 to 1.64) and discharge to a skilled nursing facility (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.63). @entity1 readmitted within 30 days had a significantly greater 1-year mortality rate compared with @entity1 not readmitted (41.1% v 25.1%, respectively; P < .001). The median cost of readmission hospital stay was  9,220 in year 2010 dollars, with a total cost of  9.3 million over the study period. CONCLUSION: Early readmission after surgery for @entity43 is common. There is a significant association between 30-day readmission and 1-year mortality. These findings may catalyze development of targeted interventions to decrease early readmission, improve @entity1 outcomes, and control health care costs.

title: Evaluation of 30-day hospital readmission after surgery for XXXX in a medicare population.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity2700 :: ('MESH:D003681', 'Disease') :: ['dehydration']

entities_list: @entity2616 :: ('MESH:D045823', 'Disease') :: ['ileus/obstruction']

entities_list: @entity6887 :: ('MESH:D005185', 'Disease') :: ['fallopian tube cancer']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['advanced-stage ovarian cancer']


abstract: The goal of this study was to estimate the incidence of temporary and permanent unilateral recurrent @entity2895 (URLNP) after esophagectomies with cervical @entity254 and to determine the impact of surgical technique, @entity5 type, @entity5 localization and age on the incidence of URLNP. From March 2002 to November 2009, 84 @entity1 underwent a laryngoscopical evaluation before and after esophagectomy with cervical @entity254 prospectively. If the postoperative URLNP recovered within 6 months, the paresis was classified as transient; if not, it was defined as permanent. The results indicate that the overall incidence of postoperative URLNP was 50% (42/84). Twenty-four of the 84 @entity1 (28.6%) showed a transient URLNP. A permanent URLNP was observed in 9 of the 84 @entity1 (10.7%). The remaining 9 of the 84 @entity1 (10.7%) were categorized as paresis with unknown clinical outcome due to missing follow-up. There were significantly more postoperative URLNPs in the group operated by transthoracic esophagectomy than by transhiatal esophagectomy (p < 0.001). @entity5 and those localized suprabifurcational showed a higher incidence of postoperative URLNP than unifocal lesions with infrabifurcational localization (p = 0.046). Histological type of @entity5 and @entity1 ' age had no impact on URLNP. The high incidence of URLNP in our study underlines the high risk of URLNP after esophagectomy with cervical @entity254 , and consequently the importance of routine laryngoscopic pre- and postoperative evaluation of the vocal fold motility.

title: High risk of unilateral recurrent @entity2895 after esophagectomy using cervical XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Multifocal tumors']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity2895 :: ('MESH:D015840', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal nerve paralysis']

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVES: To compare the neurological outcome between paraplegic @entity1 with acute @entity602 (ASCIS) or traumatic @entity1566 (tSCI) and to investigate the influence of SCI aetiology on the total Spinal Cord Independence Measure (SCIM)-II score. SETTING: Level 1 @entity130 centre. METHODS: Initial (0-40 days) and chronic-phase (6-12 months) American @entity3510 Association (ASIA) sensory scores, lower extremity motor score (LEMS) and chronic-phase total SCIM-II scores were analysed. Differences between ASCIS and tSCI @entity1 were calculated using Student's t-tests and Wilcoxon signed-rank tests. To assess which variables give rise to the prediction of total SCIM-II score, a multiple linear regression analysis was used. These predictor variables included complete (ASIA impairment scale A) or incomplete SCI (AIS B, C, and D), aetiology, age and gender. RESULTS: Out of 93 included @entity1 , 20 ASCIS and 73 tSCI @entity1 were identified. In the complete SCI group, the initial pinprick scores were higher (P<0.05) in ASCIS @entity1 compared with tSCI @entity1 , 37.9 (95% Confidence Interval (CI), 23.3-52.5) and 27.3 (95% CI, 24.1-30.4), respectively. No other relevant differences in neurological outcome were identified between ASCIS and tSCI @entity1 ; however, the total SCIM-II scores were higher (P<0.05) in tSCI @entity1 after 12 months. Using the linear regression analysis, we were able to predict 31.4% of the variability. The aetiology was not significant in this model. CONCLUSION: The neurological outcome was independent of the diagnosis ASCIS or tSCI. Furthermore, the diagnosis ASCIS or tSCI was not a significant predictor for total SCIM II scores after 12 months. SPONSORSHIP: This study was granted by the 'Internationale Stiftung f  r Forschung in Paraplegie' (IFP), Z  rich, Switzerland.

title: Is the outcome in acute @entity602 different from that in traumatic XXXX ? A cross-sectional analysis of the neurological and functional outcome in a cohort of 93 paraplegics.

entities_list: @entity3510 :: ('MESH:D013124', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal Injury']

entities_list: @entity602 :: ('MESH:D013118', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord ischaemia syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['spinal cord injury']


abstract: Our previous study demonstrated that pro-gastrin-releasing peptide(31-98), or @entity6501 , is a specific @entity5 marker in @entity1 with @entity151 ( @entity151 ). Using a newly developed, highly sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for @entity6501 , we analyzed 1,446 samples including those obtained from 478 @entity2 @entity1 to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this ELISA. Several properties indicated that @entity6501 is a useful @entity5 marker for @entity151 . First, @entity6501 was specifically elevated in @entity151 @entity1 . In non- @entity151 @entity1 and @entity1 with non-tumorous @entity358 , its serum level was very rarely elevated. Secondly, @entity6501 was a reliable marker, in terms of the marked elevation of serum @entity6501 levels in @entity151 patients. Thirdly, serum @entity6501 levels were elevated in @entity151 @entity1 even at a relatively early stage of this disease. Fourthly, changes in the serum @entity6501 level showed an excellent correlation with the therapeutic responses in @entity151 @entity1 . @entity3508 ( @entity3508 ) is accepted as a @entity5 marker of @entity151 @entity1 . With the aim of comparing @entity6501 and @entity3508 as @entity5 markers for @entity151 @entity1 , we measured serum @entity3508 levels in all samples collected in the present study. We found that @entity6501 was superior to @entity3508 in terms of sensitivity, specificity and reliability. Therefore, we consider that @entity6501 can play a major role as a clinical @entity5 marker for @entity151 @entity1 .

title: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of pro-gastrin-releasing peptide for @entity151 XXXX in comparison with @entity3508 measurement.

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung diseases']

entities_list: @entity3508 :: ('2026', 'Gene') :: ['Neuron-specific enolase', 'NSE']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in @entity5 treatment. In the present study, six regions of the @entity1262 gene associated with transcription control or translation initiation were selected as targets. Six antisense oligonucleotides (ASODN; @entity1673 -AS6) complementary to the corresponding sequence of the @entity1262 gene were synthesized to investigate whether or not blocking the transcription control sites with ASODN could reverse MDR and which ASODN had the best efficiency for reversing MDR in @entity0 cells. METHODS: Forty-eight hours after transfection, @entity1262 mRNA and @entity1262 ( @entity1262 ) were determined by RT-PCR, flow cytometry and @entity3514 ( @entity3514 ) retention assay. The chemosensitivity of the treated cells was evaluated by @entity98 assay. RESULTS: A significant reduction in expression of @entity1262 mRNA and @entity1262 was found in four groups ( @entity1673 , @entity14410 , AS5 and AS6), accompanying a dysfunction of @entity1262 . The lowest levels of @entity1262 index and @entity1262 expression were observed in the AS6 group. @entity98 assay showed that a significant reduction of drug resistance was found in the four groups, especially in the AS6 group, which showed an 8.4-fold reduction in drug resistance for @entity632 and a 10.5-fold reduction in drug resistance for @entity5713 . DISCUSSION: These data suggest that the MDR phenotype of @entity0 cells could be reversed by ASODN complementary to the transcription control site or translation initiation region. AS6, which is complementary to the translation initiation codon (ATG) of @entity1262 cDNA, has the best reversal efficiency.

title: Selection of antisense oligonucleotides for reversal of multidrug resistance in XXXX cells.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['adriamycin']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast carcinoma']


abstract: We evaluated the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of the periprosthetic capsular @entity1159 , the most frequently occurring complication following the implant of @entity1346 prostheses. Peripheral blood samples from 22 @entity1 with @entity1346 -gel-filled implants were examined. In all cases a capsule was felt by palpation, and it was classified according to the Baker scale. Ten @entity1 (group 1) had a Baker 2 @entity1159 , and 12 (group 2) had severe @entity1159 rated 3 and 4. The cells positive to antigens CD3, @entity404 , @entity405 , HLA-DR, @entity1075 , @entity2902 , @entity4755 , @entity4071 , and @entity5750 , and the cytotoxic activity of the lymphocytes on target cells K562 were assessed by cytofluorimetric analysis. At time 0 there were no statistically significant differences between @entity1 and normal subjects, nor between the two groups. At 48 h, the group 2 @entity1 had a number/mm3 of cells @entity4755 + significantly higher than both group 1 and control group (P < .05). In group 1 @entity1 , the cytotoxic activity was similar to that of normal subjects, whereas in group 2 it was significantly increased, in respect to both the controls (P < .05) and group 1 (P < .001). In all groups, the contact of the lymphocytes with the @entity1346 extract did not modify either the antigen expression or the lymphocyte functional activity. On the basis of these results we hypothesize the involvement of the immune system in the formation of the capsular @entity1159 around the prosthesis.

title: @entity1346 breast implants: the role of immune system on capsular XXXX formation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1346 :: ('MESH:D012828', 'Chemical') :: ['silicone']

entities_list: @entity1159 :: ('MESH:D003286', 'Disease') :: ['contracture']

answer: @entity1159 :: (MESH:D003286,Disease) :: ['contracture']


abstract: Hundred and twenty-three outpatients were treated with oral @entity5354 for 3 months in order to test the efficacy and safety of the compound in the prevention of the recurrence of @entity943 . The dose was 260-390 mg/day for those under 70 and 130-260 mg/day for those over 70 years. All @entity1 were converted to sinus rhythm before entry to the study and 95 @entity1 had previously been treated with one or more drugs which had been discontinued due to lack of effect and/or poor tolerability. In 21 @entity1 (17%) recurrence was documented by ECG or Holter monitoring, @entity5354 thus being effective in 83%. In 35 other @entity1 there was a return of symptoms but no confirmation of recurrence. There were no relevant changes in blood pressure or heart rate. PR, QT and QTc intervals were stable but mean QRS interval increased slightly during the first week before stabilizing. @entity5354 was discontinued because of adverse events in only 10 @entity1 (8.1%). The most frequent complaints were @entity390 , vertigo and @entity1163 . Seventy-two per cent of @entity1 rated their well-being as "well/very well" at month one compared with 84% at month three. @entity5354 is an appropriate first line choice in this indication.

title: @entity5354 in the prevention of recurrence of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5354 :: ('MESH:C032151', 'Chemical') :: ['Cibenzoline', 'cibenzoline']

entities_list: @entity1163 :: ('MESH:D013575', 'Disease') :: ['faintness']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['supraventricular arrhythmias']

answer: @entity943 :: (MESH:D001145,Disease) :: ['supraventricular arrhythmias']


abstract: After surgical renal revascularisation, warm @entity8 due to renal artery cross-clamping contributes to postoperative @entity8 . After reperfusion, free radicals are thought to be a significant cause of injury. Nevertheless, indisputable proof of free radical production is scarce, partly because of their transient nature. In this study, electron paramagnetic resonance and @entity270 levels were used to demonstrate the free radical production after @entity8 and reperfusion. @entity95 kidneys were submitted either to 15 or 60 minutes of ischaemia followed by reperfusion. A spin trap agent ( @entity18673 ( @entity18674 ), 20mg/ml, 1 ml/min) was infused during reperfusion directly into the left renal artery via an aortic catheter before declamping. Blood samples were selectively drawn from the left renal vein for ESR analysis (Varian spectrometer E109) of lipidic residues extracted from blood samples. The @entity270 content of the left renal cortex was determined by HPLC procedure. The right renal cortex was used as a control for the @entity270 values. In the venous effluent, ESR analysis revealed the formation of a spectrum consisting of a triplet of asymmetric doublets. This signal resulted from the spin trapping by PBN of a mixture of both @entity26 - and @entity505 - centred lipidic radicals. The amplitude of the signal which is proportional to the amount of free radicals was significantly higher after 60 minutes ischaemia than after 15 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Direct evidence of free radical production after ischaemia and reperfusion and protective effect of desferrioxamine: ESR and XXXX studies.

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal ischaemia', 'renal dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity18673 :: ('MESH:C029217', 'Chemical') :: ['alpha-phenyl-N-tert-butyl nitrone']

answer: @entity270 :: (MESH:D014810,Chemical) :: ['vitamin E']


abstract: The venous circulatory changes in 12 intubated premature @entity1 with fluctuations or elevations in arterial BP were studied. The objectives of the study were to determine whether important alterations in venous pressure occur in @entity1 with fluctuations in arterial BP or with elevations in arterial BP associated with suctioning. Venous and arterial catheters were present in all @entity1 . Perfusion pressure was derived from the difference between mean arterial BP and venous pressure. At rest, minimal change in arterial BP, venous pressure, and perfusion pressure was observed. Elevations in arterial BP were accompanied by pronounced changes in venous pressure. However, because the magnitude and the direction of the changes in venous pressure were not consistent, pronounced changes in perfusion pressure resulted. Fluctuations in arterial BP were associated with fluctuations in venous pressure, which also resulted in pronounced and continuous alterations in perfusion pressure. Induced @entity4589 in two @entity1 obliterated the changes in arterial BP, venous pressure, and perfusion pressure associated with suctioning. These data demonstrate that marked venous circulatory changes accompany common arterial circulatory abnormalities; such alterations on the venous side of the circulation may be important in the pathogenesis of neonatal @entity548 and/or @entity63 .

title: Are venous circulatory abnormalities important in the pathogenesis of XXXX and/or ischemic cerebral injury?

entities_list: @entity4589 :: ('MESH:D012133', 'Disease') :: ['muscle paralysis']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhagic']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic injury']

answer: @entity548 :: (MESH:D006470,Disease) :: ['hemorrhagic']


abstract: Xenograft rejection is associated with @entity1317 resulting at least in part from platelet activation, and rejected xenografts invariably demonstrate intravascular @entity715 . Assuming that complement activation is a major determinant of humoral immune reactions bringing about platelet-endothelial cell interactions, we tested the effects of the specific platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor @entity6541 in combination with the @entity1 decay accelerating factor ( @entity9819 ) transgene on hyperacute rejection of @entity1707 hearts. Four groups were studied in a working heart-perfusion model. @entity1707 hearts transgenic for @entity9819 and nontransgenic @entity1707 hearts were perfused with @entity1 blood containing @entity6541 or with unmodified @entity1 blood. Cardiac output, @entity64 work index, and @entity908 phosphokinases were measured for the evaluation of the extent of @entity296 . Consumption of complement components was determined. Endothelial deposition of fibrin and intravascular @entity715 were evaluated. @entity6541 improved cardiac output and @entity64 work index of nontransgenic @entity1707 hearts and was able to further increase hemodynamic function of @entity9819 transgenic @entity1707 hearts. Low levels of @entity908 phosphokinases also revealed a cardioprotective effect of @entity6541 . However, a further extension of the survival of @entity9819 transgenic @entity1707 hearts could not be achieved, although @entity6541 prolonged beating time of nontransgenic @entity1707 hearts. @entity6541 was able to reduce the consumption of complement components independently of @entity9819 . Intravascular evidence of fibrin and @entity715 tended to be particularly reduced by the combination of @entity6541 and @entity9819 . Thus, the application of @entity6541 together with @entity9819 improves the performance of @entity1707 hearts by @entity296 and intravascular @entity715 .

title: Combining the XXXX transgene with the GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor @entity6541 improves heart performance and reduces @entity296 following hyperacute rejection in an ex vivo perfusion model.

entities_list: @entity296 :: ('MESH:D009202', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial damage', 'reducing myocardial damage']

entities_list: @entity908 :: ('MESH:D003401', 'Chemical') :: ['creatine']

entities_list: @entity6541 :: ('CHEBI:9605', 'Chemical') :: ['Tirofiban', 'tirofiban']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity9819 :: (1604,Gene) :: ['hDAF']


abstract: PURPOSE: DIR (double inversion recovery) is a sequence with the hybrid contrast of both FLAIR and STIR sequences, produced by the application of double inversion recovery pulse. It has been suggested that DIR provides high sensitivity to lesions with low T2 contrast. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that DIR sequence is superior to conventional sequences in the identification of @entity3877 and other @entity75 in @entity1 with @entity1315 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-three subjects with a prediagnosis of @entity1315 and ten healthy control subjects with no abnormality on magnetic resonance imaging studies have been studied with DIR, FLAIR and T2W sequences. Coronal images through temporal lobes and hippocampus were acquired. Qualitatively, overall sensitivity to the presence of lesions, @entity75 detectability, temporal horn dilatation and artifacts were evaluated in @entity1315 cases and quantitatively, hippocampal and white matter signal-to-noise ratio as well as hippocampus-white matter contrast-to-noise ratio were calculated in the healthy subjects. Subjective scores were graded on a scale of 3 or 4 points. RESULTS: Signal-to-noise ratio scores were higher on T2W sequence, however contrast-to-noise ratio scores were higher on DIR sequence compared to the other two sequences. Imaging findings were compatible with @entity3877 in seven @entity1 , tumoral mass in two, and chronic @entity1188 in four. DIR sequence was less sensitive to hippocampal @entity194 than the other two sequences because of cerebrospinal fluid artifacts. Overall sensitivity to the presence of lesions and @entity75 detectability scores, although similar among three sequences, were highest with DIR sequence. However, lesion sensitivity scores were highest for lesions compatible with @entity3877 and for solid masses and lowest for @entity5409 on DIR sequence. CONCLUSION: Despite the presence of artifacts, DIR is a sequence providing high sensitivity to @entity75 at hippocampus. DIR might be useful as an additional sequence when the other conventional sequences reveal a suspicious lesion with no accompanying hippocampal @entity194 .

title: [Double inversion recovery sequence in XXXX : preliminary results].

entities_list: @entity3877 :: ('MESH:C566903', 'Disease') :: ['mesial temporal sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5409 :: ('MESH:D052177', 'Disease') :: ['cystic lesions']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['mesial temporal sclerosis like lesions', 'temporal lobe lesions', 'hippocampal lesion']

entities_list: @entity1315 :: ('MESH:D004833', 'Disease') :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']

answer: @entity1315 :: (MESH:D004833,Disease) :: ['temporal lobe epilepsy']


abstract: Both induction chemotherapy and concurrent low-dose @entity900 have been shown to improve results of thoracic irradiation in the treatment of locally advanced @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). This phase II study was designed to investigate activity and feasibility of a novel chemoradiation regimen consisting of induction chemotherapy followed by standard radiotherapy and concurrent daily low-dose @entity900 . Previously untreated @entity1 with histologically/cytologically proven unresectable stage IIIA/B @entity1149 were eligible. Induction chemotherapy consisted of @entity5713 5 mg m(-2) intravenously (i.v.) on days 1, 8, 15, 22 and 29, and @entity900 100 mg m(-2) i.v. on days 1 and 22 followed by continuous radiotherapy (60 Gy in 30 fractions) given concurrently with daily @entity900 at a dose of 5 mg m(-2) i.v. Thirty-two @entity1 were enrolled. Major @entity137 during induction chemotherapy was haematological: grade III-IV @entity1431 was observed in 31% and grade II @entity417 in 16% of the @entity1 . The most common severe @entity137 during concurrent chemoradiation consisted of grade III @entity1431 (21% of the @entity1 ); grade III @entity354 occurred in only two @entity1 and @entity358 in one @entity1 who died of this complication. Eighteen of 32 @entity1 (56%, 95% CI 38-73%) had a major response (11 partial response, seven complete response). With a median follow-up of 38.4 months, the median survival was 12.5 months and the actuarial survival rates at 1, 2 and 3 years were 52%, 26% and 19% respectively. The median event-free survival was 8.3 months with a probability of 40%, 23% and 20% at 1, 2 and 3 years respectively. Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent daily low-dose @entity900 and thoracic irradiation, in @entity1 with locally advanced @entity1149 , is active and feasible with minimal non-haematological @entity137 . Long-term survival results are promising and appear to be similar to those of more toxic chemoradiation regimens, warranting further testing of this novel chemoradiation strategy.

title: Induction chemotherapy followed by concurrent standard radiotherapy and daily low-dose XXXX in locally advanced @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small-cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity5713 :: ('MESH:D014747', 'Chemical') :: ['vinblastine']

answer: @entity900 :: (MESH:D002945,Chemical) :: ['cisplatin']


abstract: The National Institute of Radiological Sciences in Chiba, Japan has offered @entity505 ion radiotherapy (CIRT) since 1994 using @entity505 ion beams generated by the heavy ion medical accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC). The total number of cases treated with the HIMAC exceeded 5000 in July 2009. Here, we present a retrospective analysis of CIRT for sacral @entity3580 . The study included 95 @entity1 with medically unresectable sacral @entity3580 treated between 1996 and 2007. The median age of the @entity1 was 66 years. Of all the @entity1 , 84 had not been treated previously and 11 had a locally recurrent @entity5 following previous resection. The @entity505 ion dose ranged from 52.8 to 73.6 GyE (median 70.4 GyE) in a total of 16 fixed fractions over 4 weeks. The median clinical target volume was 370 cm(3). The overall survival rate at 5 years for all 95 @entity1 was 86%, and follow-up survival time was 42 months (range, 13-112 months). The 5-year local control rate was 88% and median time to local failure was 35 months (range, 13-60 months). Of the 95 @entity1 , 91% remained ambulatory with or without a supportive device. Two @entity1 experienced severe skin or soft tissue complications requiring skin grafts. 15 @entity1 experienced severe @entity1930 requiring continuing medication. CIRT appears effective and safe in the management of @entity1 with sacral @entity3580 and offers a promising alternative to surgery.

title: @entity505 ion radiotherapy for sacral XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity3580 :: ('MESH:D002817', 'Disease') :: ['chordomas', 'chordoma']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['sciatic nerve complications']

answer: @entity3580 :: (MESH:D002817,Disease) :: ['chordoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: Although @entity417 has recently been demonstrated to be a marker for poor outcomes in @entity1 with @entity712 ( @entity712 ), the impact of sex on the prevalence and prognostic impact of @entity417 has not been adequately explored. Accordingly, the relationship among sex, @entity417 and outcomes in @entity712 was analyzed. SUBJECTS: @entity1 seen at a specialty @entity712 clinic from 1989 to 2001. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data was performed using chi2 and Student's t tests to determine the association between @entity417 and mortality. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to measure the independent association of @entity417 with mortality in @entity1 and @entity1 . The World Health Organization definition of @entity417 (less than 130 g/L for @entity1 ; less than 120 g/L for @entity1 ) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention definition of @entity417 (less than 135 g/L for @entity1 , less than 120 g/L for @entity1 ) were used, and hemoglobin was assessed as a continuous variable. RESULTS: There were 791 @entity1 with @entity712 seen over a 12-year period (median age 69 years, median hemoglobin of 131 g/L [interquartile range 119 to 144 g/L]) and 34% were @entity1 . The demographics and treatments were similar for @entity1 and @entity1 , except that @entity1 were older (69 years versus 65 years, P<0.001), more likely to have a nonischemic etiology of @entity712 (P<0.001), and lower @entity1011 clearances (P<0.001). Forty per cent of @entity1 and 35% of @entity1 were anemic using the World Health Organization definition. @entity417 was associated with a one-year and five-year excess mortality in @entity1 (adjusted OR 1.7 [1.1 to 2.5] and 1.76 [1.2 to 2.7], respectively), but this was not observed in @entity1 (adjusted OR 1.2 [0.7 to 2.2] and 1.2 [0.7 to 2.1], respectively). CONCLUSIONS: @entity417 is prevalent in @entity712 and predicts mortality in @entity1 but not in @entity1 . Given this result, the authors recommend that randomized trials evaluating novel therapies for the correction of @entity417 in @entity1 with @entity712 should stratify their randomization by sex.

title: The interaction among sex, hemoglobin and outcomes in a specialty XXXX clinic.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure', 'CHF (P<0.001) or diastolic dysfunction', 'heart failure', 'CHF']

entities_list: @entity417 :: ('MESH:D000740', 'Disease') :: ['Anemia', 'anemia']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

answer: @entity712 :: (MESH:D006333,Disease) :: ['heart failure']


abstract: For over two decades, plant cell cultures have been a promising research platform to express recombinant and therapeutic proteins such as hormones, growth factors, full-size antibodies and antigens. Chosen as a good host for manufacturing recombinant proteins, the @entity286 . cv. Bright Yellow 2 (BY-2) cell line has been studied in shake flasks by offline analysis of only a few growth parameters. The objective of this study is to comprehensively characterize the growth of a transgenic BY-2 cell line and to investigate the expression profile of the model protein GFP. Based on the correlations between nutrient consumption, cell growth and product formation, the intention is to improve the standard MS-medium. Hereby, multiple growth parameters were analyzed offline and online by using a respiration activity monitoring system (RAMOS). A reproducibly observed shift of the @entity26 transfer rate (OTR) could be identified to indicate @entity3104 depletion in the medium. Concurrent with this @entity3104 depletion, the total protein concentration began to decrease. After the MS-medium was improved, the GFP concentration nearly doubled. When this improved @entity3104 enriched medium was applied to another transgenic @entity286 cell line similar improvements to the amount of the glycoprotein influenza hemagglutinin (HA) produced by @entity286 NT-1 cells could be achieved. Ultimately, this combined offline and online analysis can be successfully used for further cell line characterization and media optimization to improve growth and boost target product formation.

title: Comprehensive characterization of two different XXXX cell lines leads to doubled GFP and HA protein production by media optimization.

entities_list: @entity3104 :: ('MESH:D000644', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium']

entities_list: @entity286 :: ('4097', 'Species') :: ['Nicotiana tabacum L', 'Nicotiana tabacum', 'tobacco']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['Nicotiana tabacum']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Bariatric surgery leads to initial @entity353 that is associated with improvement in mental health; however, long-term effects are uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the impact of restrictive @entity954 for @entity28 on @entity353 , psychological functioning, and quality of life 9 years after surgery. SETTING: University hospitals and @entity28 centers, Germany. METHODS: 152 @entity1 undergoing restrictive @entity954 ( @entity954 ), 249 individuals participating in a conventional @entity353 treatment (CONV), and 128 @entity28 control @entity1 without @entity353 treatment (OC) were studied using a prospective longitudinal cohort design. After 9 years, 55% of @entity954 @entity1 , 51% of CONV @entity1 , and 65% of OC @entity1 were reassessed. Body mass index, @entity148 , @entity308 , self-esteem, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) were explored. RESULTS: The @entity954 group had significantly greater @entity353 and improvements in physical HRQOL at all postbaseline assessments. Although @entity954 @entity1 experienced initial improvements in @entity308 , @entity148 , self-esteem, and mental aspects of HRQOL, these improvements deteriorated at the 9-year assessment and were comparable to or worse than presurgical levels. CONCLUSIONS: Bariatric surgery is an effective treatment for @entity28 and is linked to maintained improvement of physical aspects of HRQOL. Weight reduction after surgery is also associated with significant initial improvement in mental health that may erode over time. Therefore, psychosocial screening should be included at follow-ups, with referral to mental health professionals as appropriate.

title: Health-related quality of life and psychological functioning 9 years after restrictive @entity954 for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity954 :: ('MESH:D016063', 'Disease') :: ['SURG', 'surgical treatment']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: Ejaculated spermatozoa were washed and extracted with 0.6 M @entity1219 (2 h at 0 degree C) and the extract used to immunize @entity95 . The crude antibody reacted with epididymal fluid and cytosol and with prostatic cytosol but did not recognize blood serum and testicular cytosol. After adsorption with prostatic proteins, the serum was specific for epididymis. Using immunoelectrophoresis and affinity chromatography, it was found that the antibody reacted with antigens which co-electrophoresed with @entity342 -dependent proteins (mobility relative to albumin, Ra) 0.3, 0.43 and 1.0, previously identified in @entity1 epididymis. Weak immunofluorescence in the epithelium of proximal caput tubules was detected on tissue sections. In contrast, distal caput and corpus tubules displayed a strong fluorescence in the cytoplasm of basal and principal cells as well as in spermatozoa present in lumen. Intense fluorescence was limited to the luminal content and the apical border and sterociliae of principal cells in caudal tubules. When applied to isolated spermatozoa, the reaction was negative for testicular sperm, while 49%, 82% and 100% of spermatozoa from caput, corpus and cauda, respectively, had a fluorescent acrosomal cap. An apparent gradient of increasing fluorescent intensities was also observed in this sequence. The reaction was strongest over the acrosomal cap, apparently absent in the postacrosomal region and weaker over the midpiece and principal piece. These results are interpreted as suggestive of the progressive coating of @entity1 spermatozoa with @entity342 -dependent epididymal proteins during epididymal transit.

title: Immunochemical localization of secretory antigens in the XXXX epididymis and their association with spermatozoa.

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: One hundred eighty-eight @entity1 undergoing abdominal colectomy with distal mucosal proctectomy and endorectal ileal pouch-anal @entity254 were reviewed to assess long-term functional results and to identify factors that might influence them. There was no postoperative mortality, but 10 @entity1 (5.3%) required permanent @entity260 or the development of unsuspected @entity30 . Immediate @entity260 , including @entity530 , @entity1744 requiring surgery, anastomotic stricture, and @entity409 , were observed in 11%, 9%, 14% and 9% of @entity1 , respectively. No males were impotent but nine (9%) developed @entity2754 . @entity5042 occurred in 8% of @entity1 . Among 157 @entity1 assessed at least 60 days after ileostomy closure (mean +/- SD, 375 +/- 216 days), all evacuated their neorectum spontaneously, and stool frequency was 6.0 +/- 2.6 daily and 1.2 +/- 1.3 nightly. While continence was generally good, 2.5% of @entity1 during waking hours and 4.5% during sleep had occasional frank soilage. Moreover, seepage was noted in 25 and 47% of @entity1 during daytime and nighttime, respectively. Both stool frequency and degree of continence improved with time. @entity1 less than 50 years of age and those with @entity1412 coli had fewer stools and better continence than those older than 50 or those with @entity31 . It is concluded that ileal "J" pouch-anal @entity254 can be performed safely and will provide acceptable anorectal function without late deterioration.

title: Ileal "J" pouch-anal XXXX . Clinical outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5042 :: ('MESH:D019449', 'Disease') :: ['Pouchitis']

entities_list: @entity254 :: ('MESH:C563598', 'Disease') :: ['anastomosis']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['ileostomy dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis']

entities_list: @entity260 :: ('MESH:D011183', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative complications', 'ileostomy because of postoperative complications']

entities_list: @entity530 :: ('MESH:D010386', 'Disease') :: ['pelvic sepsis']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['small bowel obstruction']

entities_list: @entity2754 :: ('MESH:D061686', 'Disease') :: ['retrograde ejaculation']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['polyposis']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ["Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity254 :: (MESH:C563598,Disease) :: ['anastomosis']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical reliability and to compare routine lung function tests (maximal flows and resistance) and radiological images (computed tomography (CT)-scan and X-ray) in @entity1224 . We, therefore, performed these examinations prospectively in 28 female @entity1 (aged 68 +/- 13 yrs) with a goitre and without @entity358 . Lung function measurements consisted of maximum expiratory and @entity450 and of airway resistance. CT-scans and X-rays were performed during apnoea at functional residual capacity (FRC). Peak expiratory flow was 3.6 +/- 1.3 l.s-1 (i.e. 62 +/- 21% predicted); airway resistance was 0.38 +/- 0.14 kPa (i.e. 149 +/- 58% pred); and specific conductance was 1.0 +/- 0.3 kPa (i.e. 70 +/- 24% pred). Almost all lung function tests were significantly correlated with each other. On CT-scan the tracheal cross-sectional area at the zone of tracheal narrowing could be evaluated in 26 @entity1 and was 58 +/- 17% ( @entity18980 ) of the control area 2 cm above the carina ( @entity18246 ). On X-ray the sagittal and coronal tracheal diameters at the zone of narrowing could only be measured in 16 subjects and were 60 +/- 17% (X-dia1/2) of the diameter at the control level. @entity18980 and X-dia1/2 were significantly correlated to each other. No correlation was found between the lung function tests and the radiological indices except airway resistance and @entity18246 . Routine lung function and CT-scan do not provide comparable information on the degree of @entity1224 due to a goitre.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: Lung function, CT-scan and X-ray in XXXX due to thyroid goitre.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['inspiratory flow-volume curves']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary disorders']

entities_list: @entity1224 :: ('MESH:D000402', 'Disease') :: ['upper airway obstruction', 'airway obstruction']

answer: @entity1224 :: (MESH:D000402,Disease) :: ['upper airway obstruction']


abstract: recA binding to left-handed Z-DNA was measured using nitrocellulose filter binding assays with four DNA polymers with defined @entity377 sequences and four recombinant plasmids. Two to 7-fold preferential binding of recA to Z-DNA polymers was observed. Left-handed Z-DNA polymer binding by recA required @entity855 or its nonhydrolyzable analog, @entity855 (gamma S), while @entity857 inhibited binding. Complex formation with both B- and Z-forms was influenced by polymer length; recA bound longer DNAs better. recA binding to recombinant plasmids containing supercoil-stabilized Z-DNA was essentially similar to that found for the control vector; thus, no preferential binding of recA to the Z-form was observed. Comparative experiments with the rec1 protein of @entity3121 and the @entity526 recA protein were performed. In our hands, recA and rec1 have a similar capacity for binding left-handed Z-DNA polymers and for binding recombinant plasmids containing B- and/or Z-regions. recA contains a left-handed Z-DNA-stimulated ATPase activity. This activity differs from the right-handed B-DNA-stimulated activity since it is less sensitive to increasing pH. The kinetics of @entity855 hydrolysis in B-DNA/Z-DNA mixing experiments showed that the turnover of the Z-DNA recA complex was slower than for B-DNA suggesting that left-handed Z-DNA is more stably bound by recA. Our results are consistent with the postulate that left-handed Z-DNA is involved in genetic recombination.

title: Left-handed Z-DNA binding by the recA protein of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3121 :: ('5270', 'Species') :: ['Ustilago maydis']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity526 :: (562,Species) :: ['Escherichia coli']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the role of lung interstitial dendritic cells in immunodissonance and @entity130 in @entity881 ( @entity881 ). METHODS: Animal model of @entity881 was established by injecting zymosan into the peritoneal cavity of C57BL/6 @entity19 . The @entity19 were randomly divided into groups of normal, 3 - 6 hours, 12 - 48 hours, 5 - 7 days, 10 - 12 days post injection. Pathological changes of lung and interstitial dendritic cells were studied by light and transmission electron microscope. Immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and flow cytometry analyses were used to document status of biomarkers, including specific surface markers ( @entity13384 and @entity11805 ), costimulatory molecules ( @entity8271 and @entity11787 ), @entity13385 and its receptor @entity13386 in lung, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocyte subtypes in peripheral blood. RESULTS: At early stage of injury, interstitial dendritic cells showed an increase in proliferation with expression of low level of @entity8271 and @entity11787 . In contrast, the expression of @entity13385 and its receptor @entity13386 in lung were increased. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ declined in peripheral blood. At the stage of SIRS, interstitial dendritic cells continued to proliferate with high expressions of @entity8271 and @entity11787 . @entity13385 and @entity13386 in lung also increased. The ratio of CD4+/CD8+ declined markedly in peripheral blood. At the @entity881 stage, interstitial dendritic cells further proliferated, but the expression of @entity8271 and @entity11787 declined to a very low level. Although the level of @entity13385 increased consistently, the level of @entity13386 continued to decrease, along with a markedly decreased CD4+/CD8+ ratio in peripheral blood. CONCLUSIONS: Alterations of lung interstitial dendritic cells are likely to influence the course of immunological dysfunction of @entity881 . The level of @entity13386 may serve as an indicator of the migration activity of interstitial dendritic cells and systemic immune response.

title: [Implications of lung interstitial dendritic cells of XXXX in @entity881 ].

entities_list: @entity881 :: ('MESH:D009102', 'Disease') :: ['multiple organ dysfunction syndrome', 'MODS']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['organ injury']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comparison of @entity131 ( @entity131 ) outcomes is severely limited by the absence of a universally accepted and validated outcome prediction score. The IMPACT group recently reported models predicting mortality and unfavorable outcome after @entity131 , based on the outcomes of @entity1 with moderate and severe @entity542 reported in two large clinical trials. METHODS: We have used prospectively collected data from 1,276 adult @entity1 from the Nottingham @entity542 Register admitted to a single UK neurosurgical unit during a 10-year period to validate the IMPACT score models. The two models were validated for discrimination, calibration, and accuracy, using multiple imputation to adjust for missing data. RESULTS: One thousand sixty-one @entity1 (83%) had a complete set of data. For the multiply imputed analysis, the IMPACT prognostic models showed satisfactory discrimination (area under the receiver operator curve for mortality, 0.835; 95% confidence interval, 0.811-0.858; unfavorable outcome, 0.828; 95% confidence interval, 0.805-0.851) and accuracy (Brier Accuracy Score for mortality, 0.403, p < 0.01; unfavorable outcome, 0.371, p < 0.01). Good calibration was evident for unfavorable outcome, but mortality risk was underestimated by the scoring system in our sample (Hosmer-Lemeshow test: mortality: p < 0.01; unfavorable outcome: p = 0.6). These results were not significantly changed when repeated using @entity1 with complete data only. CONCLUSION: The 2005 IMPACT model for unfavorable outcome performs well when used to predict outcome in adults with moderate and severe @entity131 presenting to a British @entity8462 . However, the model for mortality fitted less well, slightly overestimating mortality in the higher-risk groups.

title: Validation of the IMPACT outcome prediction score using the Nottingham XXXX Register dataset.

entities_list: @entity131 :: ('MESH:D001930', 'Disease') :: ['TBI', 'traumatic brain injury']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['Head Injury', 'head injury']

entities_list: @entity8462 :: ('MESH:D008224', 'Disease') :: ['neurosurgical center']

answer: @entity542 :: (MESH:D006259,Disease) :: ['Head Injury']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The process of @entity5 growth and @entity3 is a complex multistep cascade. The ability of @entity5 cells to adhere to and detach from extracellular matrix and endothelial cells may be crucial in the metastatic process and may dramatically alter the clinical prognosis and outcome for @entity1 with certain @entity5 . A number of adhesion molecules have been detected on @entity1 @entity320 cells and have been associated with various properties in vitro including invasiveness. Recent findings from our laboratory have indicated an ordered change in integrin expression during the process of @entity5 progression. PURPOSE: This study was designed to identify molecular markers present on @entity1 @entity320 cells and in intratumoral vessels that have prognostic significance regarding disease-free interval and survival time. METHODS: Specimens of primary @entity320 were obtained from 60 @entity1 who had been followed for at least 36 months, with development of @entity3 in 29 @entity1 during that period of time, and were analyzed for their expression of VLA-4, @entity9617 , @entity2071 , @entity4105 ( @entity4105 ), @entity8729 ( @entity8729 ), and CD44v6 molecules on @entity5 and endothelial cells by immunostaining. Light microscopy was used to evaluate and categorize the number of positively stained cells. Statistical analyses were done to determine the relationship of the expression of individual adhesion molecules with time to disease progression (i.e., disease-free interval) and overall survival time. RESULTS: In each case, positive staining for @entity4105 and @entity8729 on intratumoral vessels and for VLA-4 on @entity1 @entity320 cells was negatively associated with disease-free interval (P < .01) and overall survival time (P < .01). The presence of @entity9617 , CD44v6, and @entity2071 on @entity320 cells was not associated with clinical outcome. CONCLUSIONS: Immunohistochemical screening and detection of @entity4105 , @entity8729 , and VLA-4 may help to define a subgroup of @entity320 @entity1 at risk of developing @entity3 .

title: Association with clinical outcome of expression of VLA-4 in primary @entity320 as well as XXXX and @entity4105 on intratumoral vessels.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancers']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma', 'cutaneous malignant melanoma']

answer: @entity8729 :: (6403,Gene) :: ['P-selectin']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine if preoperative heparin therapy causes an increase in the incidence of intraoperative heparin resistance by reducing the concentration of @entity5582 in plasma. DESIGN: Prospective laboratory investigation of clinical samples. SETTING: Public tertiary care hospital and public pathology service. @entity1 : Forty-six @entity1 undergoing cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass. INTERVENTIONS: Fourteen @entity1 received preoperative heparin therapy (POHI group) and 32 @entity1 were controls (CONT group). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: The concentration of @entity5582 , activated coagulation time (ACT), and clinical parameters were measured at intervals. More POHI @entity1 had on-bypass heparin resistance than CONT (43% and 3%, respectively, p < 0.01). The POHI group had a lower concentration of @entity5582 than the CONT group before (80.9% and 92.6%, respectively, p < 0.01) and while on cardiopulmonary bypass (51.6% and 57.5%, respectively, p = 0.04). Comparison of heparin-resistant and heparin-responsive POHI @entity1 showed that the concentration of @entity5582 did not differ before bypass (82.4% and 79.8%, respectively, p = 0.53) or during bypass (51.8% and 51.4%, respectively, p = 0.91). In fact, @entity5582 concentrations were slightly higher in the heparin-resistant POHI @entity1 (not significant). POHI @entity1 received more heparin than CONT @entity1 (medians 787 U/kg and 600 U/kg, respectively, p = 0.01) and were transfused with more fresh frozen plasma on bypass (p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: Preoperative heparin causes an increased incidence of heparin resistance and reduced @entity5582 concentrations. However, heparin resistance was not causally related to reduced @entity5582 because @entity5582 concentrations were not different between heparin-resistant and heparin-responsive @entity1 in the POHI group.

title: Decreased concentration of XXXX after preoperative therapeutic heparin does not cause heparin resistance during cardiopulmonary bypass.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PARTICIPANTS', 'patients']

answer: @entity5582 :: (462,Gene) :: ['antithrombin']


abstract: HCT-8 @entity694 cells secreted @entity1457 protein 90alpha ( @entity4041 ) and had increased invasiveness upon serum starvation. The concentrated conditioned medium of serum-starved HCT-8 cells was able to stimulate the migration and invasion of non-serum-starved cells, which could be prevented by treatment with an anti- @entity4041 antibody. Recombinant @entity4041 (rHSP90alpha) also enhanced HCT-8 cell migration and invasion, suggesting a stimulatory role of secreted @entity4041 in @entity5 . @entity4041 binding to CD91alpha and @entity331 was evidenced by the proximity ligation assay, and rHSP90alpha-induced HCT-8 cell invasion could be suppressed by the addition of anti-CD91alpha or anti- @entity331 antibodies. Via CD91alpha and @entity331 , rHSP90alpha selectively induced @entity9615 expression, and knockdown of @entity9615 efficiently blocked rHSP90alpha-induced HCT-8 cell invasion. rHSP90alpha induced the activities of @entity3963 , @entity10412 / @entity584 , and @entity2451 @entity9135 , but only @entity2451 activation was involved in @entity4041 -induced @entity9615 expression. Additionally, we investigated the serum levels of @entity4041 and the expression status of @entity5 @entity9615 mRNA in @entity14 patients. Serum @entity4041 levels of @entity14 @entity1 were significantly higher than those of normal volunteers (p < 0.001). @entity1 with higher serum @entity4041 levels significantly exhibited elevated levels of @entity9615 mRNA in @entity5 tissues as compared with adjacent non- @entity5 tissues (p < 0.001). Furthermore, @entity5 @entity9615 overexpression was significantly correlated with TNM ( @entity5 , Node, @entity3 ) staging (p = 0.001).

title: Secreted @entity1457 protein 90alpha induces XXXX cell invasion through CD91/LRP-1 and @entity2451 -mediated integrin alphaV expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor', 'cancer malignancy']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['Metastasis']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon cancer']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5642 is an entity characterized by activation of the coagulation cascade and endogenous fibrinolysis, which can cause @entity204 . Our objectives were to identify the incidence of disseminated @entity5642 , its etiologic agents and the correlation between the Apache II score and the one proposed by the International Society on @entity715 and Haemostasis for the diagnosis of this entity. METHODS: Retrospective, descriptive, observational study of @entity1 treated in an intensive care unit over a 17-month period. Etiology, age, sex, platelet count, coagulation tests, serum @entity2002 levels and D-dimer quantification were analyzed. The score on the scale proposed by the International Society on @entity715 and Haemostasis and the Apache II score were calculated. RESULTS: 11 @entity1 (7.18 % of the total number treated subjects at the intensive care unit) had a diagnosis of disseminated @entity5642 ; six were females. @entity295 was the main etiologic agent (four cases). The most affected age group was the 51-60 years group (four cases). The prognosis was bad in seven subjects. @entity1 with five points or more in the DIC system, but with a low Apache II score had a good prognosis. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of the DIC and the Apache II scores serves for predicting the outcome of @entity1 with severe organ injuries.

title: [ XXXX . Case series and literature review].

entities_list: @entity5642 :: ('MESH:D004211', 'Disease') :: ['Disseminated intravascular coagulation', 'intravascular coagulation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombosis']

answer: @entity5642 :: (MESH:D004211,Disease) :: ['Disseminated intravascular coagulation']


abstract: The fully trained psychiatrist must be able to integrate vast amounts of phenomenological data as well as to empathically share feeling states in @entity1 . Beginning @entity146 residents often lean either towards intellectuality or towards emotionality, @entity7577 which potentially reinforce splitting within the profession. Cognitive styles may correlate with neurophysiological indicators, such as hemispheric dominance and the augmenting-reducing dimension. There may also be sex differences in cognition; if so, they would have to be taken into account as more @entity1 enter @entity146 training. A theoretical understanding of individual differences in students provides a basis for the pedagogical correction of biases. Overly intellectual residents may be organically or psychodynamically oriented. In either case they favour theory over concrete experience, and there are difficulties in mobilizing their empathic capacities. Identification with empathic teachers and a focus in supervision on the perception and integration of more stimuli, especially nonverbal cues, are important correctives. Overly emotional residents identify excessively with their @entity1 and tend to have problems with boundaries. An augmenting tendency, leading to stimulus overload, can be controlled by teaching residents how to structure and set limits. Identification with the supervisor is sided by clear boundaries in the supervisory relationship. In both cases the resident's strengths must not be denigrated while correcting his weaknesses. Examples of @entity4207 in both kinds of residents are given, with discussion of supervisory pitfalls.

title: Intellectuality and emotionality in XXXX residents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity7577 :: ('MESH:C536965', 'Disease') :: ['tendencies']

entities_list: @entity4207 :: ('MESH:D007859', 'Disease') :: ['learning problems']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['psychiatric']


abstract: The analgetic efficacy of intraoperative infiltration with @entity1341 0.5% or saline of the skin incisions for the endoscopic trocars was examined in 30 female @entity1 following operative endoscopic pelviscopy in a double-blind study. Infiltration of the peritoneum, abdominal wall, and subcutaneously was performed by endoscopic view before skin suture. There were no significant differences between the two groups in age, duration of surgery, operative technique, intensity of preoperative @entity12761 , or state of @entity148 . @entity282 assessment was performed using a numeric rating scale (NRS) hourly within the first 8 h and after 24 h postoperatively. After 8 h @entity1 were asked for the localisation and description of the worst @entity158 . Cumulative @entity1340 doses were calculated for 3, 8 and 24 h using @entity1 -controlled analgesia (PCA). @entity158 intensity within the first 8 h postoperatively did not differ between the @entity1341 and placebo groups (Fig. 1). The mean NRS after @entity1341 infiltration was 4.6 (+/- 2.4) in the 1st-3rd h and 3.4 (+/- 1.8) after 6-8 h (placebo: 4.8 (+/- 2) and 2.4 (+/- 1.7)). In both groups most @entity1 reported lower (40%) or upper (12%) @entity490 as their worst @entity158 . @entity158 due to skin incision was noted less, but in equal numbers in both groups. Of the @entity1 in the @entity1341 group 77% and in the control group 80% started with @entity4901 due to increasing @entity158 scores within 60 to 120 min. The numbers of tramadol demands and given doses did not differ (Fig. 2).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: [Wound infiltration with @entity1341 following pelviscopy does not reduce postoperative XXXX intensity. Results of a placebo-controlled, double-blind study].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1340 :: ('MESH:D014147', 'Chemical') :: ['tramadol']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal visceral pain']

entities_list: @entity12761 :: ('MESH:D059787', 'Disease') :: ['acute and chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['pain']


abstract: Between November 1983 and September 1992, The Toronto Lung Transplant Program performed 131 lung transplantations in 122 recipients; 53 single lung transplantations and 78 double lung transplantations. Forty-five @entity1 died, 25 (47%) in the single lung transplantation and 20 (25%) in the double lung transplantation groups. We retrospectively reviewed the hospital charts of all deceased recipients and the postmortem reports of the 35 @entity1 (20 single lung transplantations and 15 double lung transplantations) who had autopsies. Preoperative single lung transplantation diagnoses included @entity3794 , (n = 17) @entity3885 (n = 6) and @entity455 (n = 2). Preoperative diagnosis of double lung transplantation included @entity3794 (n = 2), @entity3885 (n = 6), @entity358 (n = 9), and @entity455 (n = 3). The most common cause of @entity204 in single lung transplantation was @entity281 . Five @entity1 died of @entity4154 , and five more had @entity4154 present at autopsy that were not a direct cause of @entity204 . Diagnosis of @entity66 was made in 23 of 25 single lung transplantations antemortem and 2 of 25 at autopsy. Autopsy diagnoses were disseminated Aspergillus and @entity2803 . In double lung transplantations, @entity281 was also the primary cause of @entity204 ; in three other @entity1 , airway dehiscence preceded @entity281 . @entity4154 was the second most common cause of @entity204 and was also present in four @entity1 dying of @entity281 . All double lung transplantation diagnoses were made antemortem. We concluded that @entity4154 are the primary causes of @entity204 after lung transplantation. Although @entity281 is a major cause both early and late after transplantation, @entity4154 is an important factor in transplantation only late after the operation.

title: Causes of XXXX in lung transplant recipients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2803 :: ('MESH:D003586', 'Disease') :: ['cytomegalovirus infection']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular disease']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity3794 :: ('MESH:D011658', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive disease']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['septic lung disease']

entities_list: @entity4154 :: ('MESH:D001989', 'Disease') :: ['infection and then bronchiolitis obliterans', 'Bronchiolitis obliterans', 'bronchiolitis obliterans lesions', 'bronchiolitis obliterans']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']


abstract: The genesis of intestinal smooth muscle layers was immunohistochemically investigated by use of an antibody to alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) in the developing @entity1573 ileum. Myoblast cells positive for alpha-SMA were already found in the presumptive circular muscle layer on E 8.5. On E 11.5 radially oriented muscle fibers were protruded from the outermost layer of the developing circular musculature and then formed a tuft-like aggregates. These radial muscle bundles were bent into an L-shape. The long distal extension of muscle bundles run parallel to the long axis of the ileal loop and developed into the @entity121 . The obliquely oriented muscle fibers, locating at the intermuscular space of the muscularis propria, probably are to be considered a remnant of the short extension of radial muscle bundles. The muscularis mucosae was formed by the processes equivalent to the genesis of @entity121 . On E 14.5 centripetally oriented muscle fibers emerged from the innermost layer of circular musculature. The long distal extension of centripetal fibers lay along the inner surface of developing circular musculature. On E 19.5 the @entity121 of the muscularis mucosae was newly formed by separating from the circular musculature. The villous myoblast cells initially developed from the innermost layer of the muscularis mucosae on E 18.5, and were widely distributed in the lamina propria mucosae on E 20.5. Temporal and chronological pattern in expression of alpha-SMA was observed during the development of the @entity1573 intestinal smooth muscle. By E 14.5 the entire layer of the muscularis propria was intensely immunostained for alpha-SMA, but from E 15.5 onward the staining intensity gradually began to decrease from the outer half of the circular musculature. Finally, the immunoreactivity was localized in the inner layer of circular muscle and the @entity121 . A possible functional role of this inner layer of circular muscle is discussed.

title: The formation of the XXXX ileal muscle layers as revealed by alpha-smooth muscle actin immunohistochemistry.

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['longitudinal muscle layer']

answer: @entity1573 :: (9031,Species) :: ['chick']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the efficacy of A-V impulse technology (A-V) for @entity4 prevention and treatment following PTFE femoropopliteal surgery. DESIGN: Prospective randomized clinical trial. MATERIALS: 36 @entity1 undergoing PTFE femoropopliteal bypass reconstructions, either being treated postoperatively with a compression stocking (CS) (Group-1, n  =  19) or with A-V (Group-2, n  =  17). METHODS: @entity1 in treatment group-1 used a CS postoperatively during 1 week day and night, @entity1 in group-2 were treated with A-V postoperatively at night during one week. The lower leg circumference was measured preoperatively and at five postoperative time points. RESULTS: Limb circumference has increased postoperatively on day 1 (CS 1.5%/A-V 1.4%), on day 4 (5.7%/6.3%), on day 7 (6.6%/6.1%), on day 14 (7.9%/7.7%) and on day 90 (5.8%/5.2%). Differences between treatment groups were not significant. A re-operation gives a significant 3.9% increase in circumference as compared to a first operation (95% CI: 1.5-6.4%; p  =  0.002). CONCLUSION: No significant differences were found in the extent of developed @entity4 between the groups following PTFE femoropopliteal bypass surgery. A redo peripheral bypass operation results in significantly more @entity86 than a first-time performed bypass operation.

title: Evaluation of A-V impulse technology as a treatment for XXXX following polytetrafluoroethylene femoropopliteal surgery in a randomised controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['oedema', 'edema']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative oedema']

answer: @entity4 :: (MESH:D004487,Disease) :: ['oedema']


abstract: Vaccination against oncogenic @entity1082 ) types is one key intervention for cervical @entity5 prevention. This follow-up study assessed the persistence of the systemic and mucosal immune responses together with the safety profile of the @entity1799 /18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine administered to young @entity1 aged 10-25 years. Serum and @entity6085 ( @entity6085 ) samples were collected at prespecified time-points during the 48-month follow-up period. Anti-HPV-16/18 antibody levels in serum and @entity6085 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). At Month 48, all subjects remained seropositive for serum anti-HPV-16 and -18 antibodies. As previously observed, anti-HPV-16 and -18 antibodies levels (ELISA Units/mL) were higher in subjects vaccinated at the age of 10-14 years (2862.2 and 940.8) compared to subjects vaccinated at the age of 15-25 years (1186.2 and 469.8). Moreover, anti-HPV-16 and -18 antibodies in @entity6085 were still detectable for subjects aged 15-25 years (84.1% and 69.7%, respectively). There was a strong correlation between serum and @entity6085 anti-HPV-16 and -18 antibodies levels (correlation coefficients = 0.84 and 0.90 at Month 48, respectively) supporting the hypothesis of transudation or exudation of serum immunoglobulin G antibodies through the cervical epithelium. The @entity1799 /18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine had a clinically acceptable safety profile. In conclusion, this follow-up study shows that the @entity1799 /18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine administered to preteen/adolescents @entity1 and young @entity1 induces long-term systemic and mucosal immune response and has a clinically acceptable safety profile up to 4 years after the first vaccine dose.

title: Long-term persistence of systemic and mucosal immune response to @entity1799 /18 AS04-adjuvanted vaccine in preteen/adolescent XXXX and young @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity6085 :: ('MESH:D007177', 'Disease') :: ['cervicovaginal secretion', 'CVS']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['girls']


abstract: Excessive production of @entity842 (NO) by @entity17693 ( @entity17693 ) and a subsequent oxidative stress reaction are thought to be critically involved in the pathophysiology of @entity295 . Previous studies suggested that NO production by @entity17693 ( @entity17693 ) and inducible @entity17693 ( @entity13633 ) is implemented in the disease process at different time points after the injury. Here we tested the roles of selective pharmacological inhibition of @entity17693 and @entity13633 at different time points in a @entity19 model of @entity358 . The injury was induced by intranasal administration of live @entity796 (3.2 10(7) colony-forming units) in C57BL/6 wild-type @entity19 . The animals received no treatment (control) or treatment with a specific @entity17693 inhibitor (4 or 8h), @entity13633 inhibitor (4 or 8h), or non-specific @entity17693 inhibitor (4 or 8h). In controls, the injury was associated with excessive releases of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the plasma, enhanced tissue lipid peroxidation, and decreased survival. Non-specific @entity17693 inhibition at either time point did not influence survival and was not further investigated. While @entity17693 inhibition at 4h was associated with a trend toward improved survival and significantly reduced contents of lung @entity3542 / @entity1507 (NO(x)) and liver @entity1234 , the blockade of @entity17693 at 8h had no effect on these parameters. In contrast, early @entity13633 inhibition was associated with a trend toward decreased survival and no effects on lung NO(x) and liver @entity1234 contents, whereas later @entity13633 blockade was associated with decreased @entity1234 content in liver homogenates. In conclusion, @entity358 in @entity19 may be beneficially influenced by specific pharmacological @entity17693 inhibition at an earlier time point and @entity13633 inhibition at a later time points post-injury. Future investigations should identify the time changes of the expression and activation of @entity17693 isoforms.

title: Specific inhibition of XXXX synthases at different time points in a @entity19 model of @entity358 .

entities_list: @entity796 :: ('287', 'Species') :: ['Pseudomonas aeruginosa']

entities_list: @entity3542 :: ('CHEBI:16301', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrite']

entities_list: @entity1507 :: ('CHEBI:48107', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrate']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary sepsis']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity842 :: (MESH:D009569,Chemical) :: ['nitric oxide']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Non-HLA antibodies specific for @entity7743 (anti- @entity7743 ) and endothelin-1 type A receptor (anti- @entity2231 ) of vascular cells activate signaling pathways leading to cell proliferation and @entity1317 . The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of non-HLA antibodies on kidney allograft morphology and function in @entity1 who underwent a kidney biopsy due to @entity8 . @entity1 AND METHODS: The study included 65 consecutive renal transplant @entity1 who were evaluated for the presence of non-HLA and anti-HLA antibodies at the time of transplant biopsy. Results of pre-transplant CDC cross-match were negative. A kidney allograft biopsy was performed between 6 days and 13 years (42    49 months) after transplantation, and the diagnosis was made on the basis of the Banff criteria. The level >9 U/L of anti- @entity7743 and anti- @entity2231 antibodies was considered high. RESULTS: A high level of non-HLA antibodies (anti- @entity7743 and/or anti- @entity2231 ) was found in 7 (10.7%) of 65 @entity1 at the time of biopsy. Graft loss in the non-HLA-positive @entity1 was significantly higher (71% in non-HLA-positive cases after 7.8    2.6 months vs 11% after 6 months in non-HLA-negative cases [P = .00099]). In these non-HLA-positive @entity1 , the mean anti- @entity7743 level was 15.3    9.4 U/L and the mean anti- @entity2231 level was 13.8    8.6 U/L. In only 2 of these patients were anti-HLA antibodies additionally detected: anti-class I in 1 and anti-class II in both @entity1 . The mean serum @entity1011 level was 2.34    0.6 mg/dL at the time of biopsy. Results of an early biopsy revealed acute vascular rejection (Banff grade IIB). @entity8638 was found (grading cg1-3, cv1-2, ci1-2, ct1-2) in the remaining 6 @entity1 . C4d was present in 3 of 7 @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: High levels of anti- @entity7743 and/or anti- @entity2231 antibodies were associated with morphological and functional allograft injury and graft loss in these study @entity1 . Non-HLA antibodies can be helpful in assessing the risk of graft failure.

title: Non-HLA antibodies: @entity7743 (anti- @entity7743 ) and endothelin-1 type A receptor (anti- @entity2231 ) are associated with XXXX and graft loss.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal function impairment']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1317 :: ('MESH:D057772', 'Disease') :: ['vascular injury']

entities_list: @entity8638 :: ('MESH:D020208', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic allograft injury']

entities_list: @entity7743 :: ('185', 'Gene') :: ['angiotensin II type 1 receptor', 'AT1R']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal allograft injury']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 4031 Background: A is a fully human monoclonal antibody directed against prostate stem cell antigen ( @entity16225 ), a cell surface protein expressed on @entity788 cells. METHODS: Previously untreated pts with pathologically- confirmed mPC and ECOG performance status (PS) of 0-1 were randomized 1:2 to G (1000 mg/m(2) IV over 30 minutes weekly x7, 1 week rest, then weekly x3 q4weeks) or G plus A (48 mg/kg loading dose, then 24 mg/kg q3weeks over 60 minutes IV), stratified by region (North America vs. Europe/Russia). Primary endpoint was 6-month (mo) @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) in the intention-to-treat population. With a planned sample size of 185 pts, the study was designed to detect an improvement in 6-mo @entity1349 from 45% to 65% with 90% power and one-sided a=0.10. @entity5 samples were collected for pre-planned secondary analyses by @entity16225 expression. RESULTS: 196 pts (63 in G arm, 133 in G+A arm) were enrolled from 04/09-05/10 at 55 centers in U.S., Canada, Spain, France, and Russia. For G/G+A arms: median age 63/62 years, male 40/56%, @entity3666 83/73%, @entity204 to date 73/67%. Grade 3/4 adverse events (G/G+A; %): any 63/78%, @entity1398 14/26%, @entity882 2/9%, and @entity1151 2/6%. @entity5 tissue was available from 118 pts (60%) for immunohistochemistry (IHC): 64 pts strong/moderate (pos) and 54 weak/no staining (neg) for @entity16225 . Efficacy data for 6-mo @entity1349 are shown in the table. Disease control rates (PR+SD) and 95% CI were 49% (36, 62) for G arm and 50% (41, 58) for G+A arm in the full population, and 57% (34, 78) for G arm and 70% (54, 83) for G+A arm in the @entity16225 pos population. CONCLUSIONS: The addition of A to G is well-tolerated and resulted in a trend toward improved 6-mo @entity1349 , primarily in @entity1 with moderate or strong @entity5 @entity16225 expression. Follow-up is ongoing for secondary endpoints. [Table: see text].

title: Global, multicenter, open-label, randomized phase II trial comparing gemcitabine (G) with. G plus AGS-1C4D4 (A) in @entity1 (pts) with metastatic XXXX (mPC).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic cancer']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'Tumor']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE(S): @entity722 ( @entity722 ) and mucinous @entity43 are associated with elevated circulating levels of immunoreactive inhibin. Measurement of serum inhibin levels provides a useful @entity5 marker in the management of @entity43 . Inhibin is a dimeric ovarian glycoprotein hormone consisting of one alpha and one of two beta subunits. The beta subunits can dimerize to form @entity723 . @entity723 is bound and its action modulated by another gonadal peptide, @entity724 . In this study the patterns of expression of the three inhibin subunit genes, the @entity724 gene, and the @entity723 receptor type II gene have been determined. METHODS: Gene expression was analyzed in RNA prepared from 16 primary @entity43 using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Gene-specific primes were used for RT-PCR; the products were analyzed by Southern blot analysis with gene-specific 32P-labeled probes. RESULTS: Widespread expression of these genes was found in all of the @entity5 types examined. Abundant expression of the inhibin alpha subunit gene was observed in the @entity722 and to a lesser extent in the mucinous and @entity5 . beta subunit expression was also present in the @entity722 and to a lesser extent in the other @entity5 . Widespread expression of both the @entity723 receptor type II and the @entity724 genes was also observed. CONCLUSIONS: Expression of the inhibin subunit genes in @entity722 and some @entity5 confirms that these @entity5 are the source of the increased immunoreactive inhibin seen in the circulation of @entity1 with @entity43 . Expression of the @entity723 receptor type II and @entity724 genes suggests a paracrine role for @entity723 in these @entity5 which may be modulated by @entity724 , particularly in the @entity722 .

title: Inhibin subunit gene expression in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['cystadenocarcinoma of the ovary', 'ovarian tumors']

entities_list: @entity722 :: ('MESH:D006106', 'Disease') :: ['GCT', 'Granulosa cell tumors']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'epithelial tumors', 'serous tumors', 'tumors']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian cancer']


abstract: AIM: The definition of very high-risk (VHR) @entity263 is currently based on the study of radical prostatectomy. We aimed to identify a suitable definition for VHR group following external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) and long-term @entity342 -deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS: This retrospective study included 356 high-risk @entity1 treated with EBRT and long-term ADT. A median follow-up time was 68 months. At first, associations of previously described prognostic factors with biochemical disease-free survival (bDFS), clinical relapse-free survival (cRFS) and @entity263 -specific survival (CSS) were examined. Second, the combination of significant adverse factors in the first analysis served as VHR test definitions. For each factor, a Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate their hazard ratios for bDFS and cRFS. The logrank test was used to evaluate the association between each factor and CSS. RESULTS: Primary Gleason pattern 5, T4 and >=  5 or 4 cores with Gleason score 8-10 were risk factors associated with bDFS, cRFS and CSS. Eleven VHR test definitions composed of these adverse factors were associated significantly with bDFS, cRFS and CSS. The final definition was described by primary Gleason pattern 5 or T4 or >=  4 cores with Gleason score 8-10 because of the largest sample size of 38% among 11 test definitions. bDFS, cRFS and CSS of the VHR group were significantly lower compared with other high-risk @entity1 (P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). CONCLUSION: These VHR criteria were best fitted following EBRT with long-term ADT.

title: Very high-risk XXXX : Stratification by outcomes of radiotherapy and long-term @entity342 deprivation therapy.

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: 1. We have made simultaneous measurements of membrane potential and wall @entity2701 in @entity35 200 microns mesenteric arteries. 2. The resting membrane potential was -59.2 +/- 0.4 mV and stable (218 measurements, fifty-two vessels). 3. With maximal exogenous @entity1063 stimulation (10 microM) the membrane depolarized to about -34 mV. During the onset of @entity245 (period about 6 sec) in both @entity2701 and membrane potential were often seen; the membrane potential changes led the @entity2701 changes by about 1.2 sec. 4. In the presence of increased K+ (e.g. 40 mM), vessels had an increased @entity1063 sensitivity, and here @entity1063 stimulation produced little change in membrane potential. 5. With maximal K+ stimulation (85 mM), in the presence of @entity5521 (1 microM), the membrane depolarized to about -17 mV, the @entity2701 being about 70% of the maximal @entity1063 response. 6. In the presence of @entity5521 (1 microM), @entity1063 caused hyperpolarization without @entity2701 development. The hyperpolarization was inhibited by @entity1169 and mimicked by @entity3044 . 7. The results suggest that in these small vessels membrane potential variations are not essential to, but have an important modulating influence on, the @entity2701 response to exogenous @entity1063 .

title: Role of membrane potential in the response of @entity35 small mesenteric arteries to exogenous XXXX stimulation.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity5521 :: ('MESH:D010646', 'Chemical') :: ['phentolamine']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['tension development oscillations']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['noradrenaline']

answer: @entity1063 :: (MESH:D009638,Chemical) :: ['noradrenaline']


abstract: We report the case of a 36 year old @entity1 who presented a @entity1358 , associated to a @entity8 as a @entity8231 . The concomitant association with a @entity4607 was probably fortuitous. Five years after nephrectomy, the @entity1 was asymptomatic and her @entity644 was very low. We studied in the literature 93 cases which reported a such association between @entity5 , @entity1985 and @entity8 . @entity2 and @entity420 of the gastrointestinal tract are the most frequently implicated. This association can occur at every age and more often in @entity1 (75%) than in @entity1 . The survival is directly linked to the evolution of the @entity5 . @entity644 and @entity8 can @entity2402 after surgical resection of the @entity189 . The @entity8 is mediated by immune complexes composed at least in part of @entity5 associated antigens. The development of several types of @entity8 in @entity1 with @entity189 have been described but @entity631 is the most commonly observed.

title: [Triple association: extramembranous @entity631 , @entity1358 and XXXX . Apropos of a case].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'woman', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity644 :: ('MESH:D011507', 'Disease') :: ['proteinuria', 'Proteinuria']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['membranous nephropathy', 'glomerular injury']

entities_list: @entity2402 :: ('MESH:D010015', 'Disease') :: ['totally disappear']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['Carcinoma of the lung']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['renal cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity8231 :: ('MESH:D010257', 'Disease') :: ['paraneoplastic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity1985 :: ('MESH:D009404', 'Disease') :: ['nephrotic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity631 :: ('MESH:D005921', 'Disease') :: ['membranous glomerulonephritis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4607 :: ('MESH:D006222', 'Disease') :: ['splenic hamartoma']

answer: @entity4607 :: (MESH:D006222,Disease) :: ['splenic hamartoma']