abstract: BACKGROUND: Therapeutic options for @entity1 with @entity11 ( @entity11 ) are limited despite better insights into @entity11 biology. The authors previously reported improved outcome in @entity1 with recurrent @entity463 treated with @entity2816 and @entity2600 compared with historical controls. Here, results of the AG arm of the study are reported, using this drug combination. METHODS: Adults with recurrent AG previously treated with radiation therapy, with Karnofsky performance score >= 70, adequate organ function and not on enzyme-inducing anticonvulsants were enrolled. Treatment was in 6-week cycles with @entity2600 at 125 mg/m(2) weekly for 4 weeks followed by 2 weeks off, and @entity2816 at 100 mg daily increased to 400 mg/day as tolerated. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival rate at 6 months (PFS-6), and the secondary endpoints were overall survival (OS) and response rate (RR). RESULTS: In 39 eligible @entity1 , PFS-6 for the intent-to-treat population was 36% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 21%, 53%), median PFS was 13 weeks (95% CI = 6%, 28%) and RR was 10%(95% CI = 3%, 24%). Radiological findings included 2 complete and 2 partial responses and 17 stable disease. Median OS from study registration was 62 weeks, (95% CI = 51, 144). Treatment-related @entity137 (grade 3 or higher) included @entity1398 , @entity294 , @entity390 , and @entity1295 ; 6 @entity1 experienced @entity1211 . Four deaths were attributable to treatment-related @entity137 : 1 from @entity1151 , 2 from @entity1960 , and 1 from urosepsis. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of @entity2816 and @entity2600 did not achieve sufficient efficacy to warrant further investigation against AG, although a subset of @entity1 experienced prolonged PFS/OS. A trial of the more potent @entity2816 analogue, @entity6985 , in combination with @entity2600 against AG is currently ongoing.

title: Phase 2 trial of XXXX and @entity2816 in adults with recurrent @entity11 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities']

entities_list: @entity2600 :: ('MESH:C051890', 'Chemical') :: ['irinotecan']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'AGs', 'anaplastic gliomas']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity6985 :: ('MESH:C467567', 'Chemical') :: ['lenalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity463 :: ('MESH:D005909', 'Disease') :: ['glioblastoma']

answer: @entity2600 :: (MESH:C051890,Chemical) :: ['irinotecan']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of this prospective observational study was to evaluate the association between @entity53 (E(2)) levels on the day of @entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin ( @entity3566 ) administration and pregnancy rates in a recombinant FSH (rec-FSH) antagonist fixed protocol. METHODS: A group of 207 @entity1 (<or=39 years of age), treated by IVF/ICSI, received 200 IU/day rec-FSH from Day 2 of the cycle and daily @entity1176 antagonist starting on Day 6 of stimulation. The criteria for @entity3566 administration included only the presence of >or=3 follicles of >or=17 mm diameter. One to two embryos were transferred on Day 3 after oocyte retrieval. RESULTS: The area under the curve (AUC) for E(2) on the day of @entity3566 could not distinguish between pregnant and non-pregnant @entity1 (AUC:0.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.42-0.59). No significant difference was observed between the three percentile groups of E(2) values on the day of @entity3566 administration [group 1, lower 25th percentile (<1142 pg/ml); group 2, medium 50th percentile (1142-2446 pg/ml) and group 3, higher 75th percentile (>2446 pg/ml)] for the ongoing pregnancy rates (P = 0.52). On the contrary, the linear regression model showed that higher E(2) values on the day of @entity3566 administration significantly improved the scores of transferred embryos (P = 0.01) as well as the total embryo score (P = 0.02). Yet subgroup analysis only in this high responders group revealed lower E(2) and @entity1420 levels on the day of @entity3566 in pregnant @entity1 compared with the non-pregnant (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: E(2) concentrations on the day of @entity3566 administration in GnRH antagonist cycles are not associated with pregnancy rates. A potential deleterious impact of @entity53 on endometrial receptivity is shown for the high responders who have high E(2) levels and improved embryo quality without a concomitant rise in pregnancy rate.

title: Does the XXXX level on the day of @entity1 chorionic gonadotrophin administration have an impact on pregnancy rates in @entity1 treated with rec-FSH/GnRH antagonist?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1420 :: ('MESH:D011374', 'Chemical') :: ['progesterone']

entities_list: @entity53 :: ('MESH:D004958', 'Chemical') :: ['estradiol']

answer: @entity53 :: (MESH:D004958,Chemical) :: ['estradiol']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To discuss novel developments related to the mechanisms of antiretroviral therapy-related @entity2383 , describe some apparent paradoxes in the current understanding of this field, and present questions that should be addressed by future research. RECENT FINDINGS: The early polymerase gamma hypothesis states that @entity2353 reverse transcriptase inhibitors can inhibit mitochondrial DNA replication and cause @entity2383 through mtDNA depletion. This mechanism is supported by a large body of evidence. Clinical manifestations of @entity2383 are not always associated with mtDNA depletion. Increased mtDNA levels after @entity2353 reverse transcriptase inhibitor exposure, as well as seemingly severe mtDNA depletion in individuals who show no clinical @entity137 , have been reported. These and other observations suggest that additional mechanisms are involved in antiretroviral therapy @entity137 , a notion supported by recent studies. Individuals given the same antiretroviral regimen can differ vastly with respect to the development of @entity137 , reflecting interindividual variability. Some factors that may modulate this variability will be discussed. SUMMARY: @entity2383 induced by @entity2353 reverse transcriptase inhibitors and their metabolic intermediates is probably mediated through many direct and indirect mechanisms. Depending on the mechanisms at play, the long-term health consequences of this @entity137 may vary.

title: Mechanisms of antiretroviral therapy-induced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'mitochondrial toxicity symptoms']

entities_list: @entity2383 :: ('MESH:D028361', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction', 'Mitochondrial toxicity', 'mitochondrial toxicity']

answer: @entity2383 :: (MESH:D028361,Disease) :: ['mitochondrial dysfunction']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Electronic screening and brief intervention (eSBI) is effective in reducing weekly @entity285 consumption when delivered by a computer. Mobile phone apps demonstrate promise in delivering eSBI; however, few have been designed with an evidence-based and user-informed approach. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore from a user perspective, preferences for content, appearance, and operational features to inform the design of a mobile phone @entity477 for reducing quantity and frequency of drinking in young adults engaged in harmful drinking (18-30 year olds). METHODS: Phase 1 included a review of user reviews of available mobile phone apps that support a reduction in @entity285 consumption. Apps were identified on iTunes and Google Play and were categorized into @entity285 reduction support, entertainment, blood @entity285 content measurement (BAC), or other. eSBI apps with >= 18 user reviews were subject to a content analysis, which coded praise, criticism, and recommendations for @entity477 content, functionality, and esthetics. Phase 2 included four focus groups with young adults drinking at harmful levels and residing in South London to explore their views on existing eSBI apps and preferences for future content, functionality, and appearance. Detailed thematic analysis of the data was undertaken. RESULTS: In Phase 1, of the 1584 apps extracted, 201 were categorized as @entity285 reduction, 154 as BAC calculators, 509 as entertainment, and 720 as other. We classified 32 apps as eSBI apps. Four apps had >= 18 user reviews: Change for Life Drinks Tracker, Drinksmeter, Drinkaware, and @entity285 Units Calculator. The highest proportion of content praises were for information and feedback provided in the apps (12/27, 44%), followed by praise for the monitoring features (5/27, 19%). Many (8/12, 67%) criticisms were for the drinking diary; all of these were related to difficulty entering drinks. Over half (18/32, 56%) of functionality criticisms were descriptions of software bugs, and over half of those (10/18, 56%) were for @entity477 crashing or freezing. Drinksmeter and @entity285 Units Calculator were the most highly praised apps overall (23/57 and 22/57; 39% of praise overall). In Phase 2, two main themes were identified. The meaningfulness theme reflected how young adults thought apps needed to be tailored to the interests and values of their age group, particularly emphasizing content and feedback around broader health and well-being factors such as exercise, diet, and image. The community theme suggested that young adults want to be able to engage with other @entity477 users, both in groups of friends and with online users for motivation and support. CONCLUSIONS: Targeted and relevant information and feedback, in addition to easy-to-use monitoring tools, were found to be important features of a mobile phone @entity477 to support a reduction in drinking. Future @entity477 development should consider tailoring all @entity477 aspects to the needs of young adults, considering broader well-being monitoring tools and online community functions.

title: User Preferences for Content, Features, and Style for an @entity477 to Reduce Harmful Drinking in Young Adults: Analysis of User Feedback in XXXX Stores and Focus Group Interviews.

entities_list: @entity285 :: ('D000431', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol', 'Alcohol']

answer: @entity477 :: (351,Gene) :: ['App']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity7766 ( @entity7766 ) is one of the most potent endogenous vasoconstrictors, and its contribution to the multifactorial cascade of @entity2553 due to nontraumatic @entity510 ( @entity510 ) is not yet fully understood. This experimental study compared the @entity548 -specific course of @entity7766 secretion into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and into plasma between 2 groups: @entity1 with @entity510 and @entity1 with @entity21915 ( @entity21915 ) or @entity548 ( @entity548 ) over the first 10 days after @entity548 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Seventy-nine @entity1 were prospectively included: @entity510 @entity1 (n=66) (historic population) and @entity1779 @entity1 (n=13). All @entity1 received an external ventricular drain within 24 hours of the onset of @entity548 . CSF and plasma were drawn daily from day 1 to day 10. The levels of @entity7766 were determined by means of competitive enzyme immunoassay. The CSF samples of 29 @entity1 (historic population) who had undergone spinal anesthesia due to orthopedic surgery served as the control group. RESULTS: @entity7766 levels in CSF were significantly higher in the 2 @entity548 groups than in the control group. However, the 2 @entity548 groups showed significant differences in @entity7766 levels in CSF ( @entity510 mean, 0.842 ng/mL vs. @entity21915 / @entity548 mean, 0.250 ng/mL; P<0.001) as well as in the course of @entity7766 secretion into CSF over the 10-day period. @entity7766 levels in plasma did not differ significantly among @entity510 , @entity21915 / @entity548 , and controls. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the hypothesis that excessive release of @entity7766 into CSF but not into plasma is specific to aneurysmal @entity510 in the acute period of 10 days after @entity548 . In @entity21915 / @entity548 , CSF levels of @entity7766 were also increased, but the range was much lower.

title: Differences in @entity7766 Secretion Between @entity1779 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'bleeding', 'CH', 'cerebellar hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['SAH', 'subarachnoid hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity21915 :: ('MESH:D020145', 'Disease') :: ['BGH', 'basal ganglia hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral vasospasm']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity510 :: (MESH:D013345,Disease) :: ['Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage']


abstract: OBJECT: It can be inferred from data published in the literature that brain compression occurs in the early stages of acute @entity1276 and that drainage of extracellular waste products is impaired. The authors hypothesized that compression of the cortex would alter water distribution and retard the diffusion of fluid in the hydrocephalic brain. METHODS: Proton diffusion, blood perfusion, and T1 and T2 relaxation times were determined in adult @entity35 brain by using magnetic resonance imaging prior to, and 1 and 8 days after induction of @entity1276 by @entity4563 injection. Five anatomical regions of interest were studied. The striatum, dorsal cortex, and lateral cortex exhibited decreased T2 and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values but no change in perfusion. Examination of white matter revealed an initial decrease in ADC followed by a significant increase. The T2 relaxation times increased and perfusion decreased progressively between 1 and 8 days after induction of @entity1276 . CONCLUSIONS: Acute experimental @entity1276 causes compression of gray matter, perhaps associated with reduction in total water, which impairs diffusion of water in the tissue. White matter compression and hypoperfusion precede the development of @entity4 . These findings have importance for understanding the neurochemical changes that occur in hydrocephalic brains.

title: Altered diffusion and perfusion in hydrocephalic XXXX brain: a magnetic resonance imaging analysis.

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of capacitive coupling, a noninvasive method for applying electrical stimulation to biologic tissues, when used as an adjunct to decompression and grafting in the treatment of @entity2530 ( @entity2530 ) of the femoral head. It also compared the results of core decompression and grafting with nonoperative management. Forty @entity1 with Stages I-III @entity2530 of the femoral head were treated with core decompression and grafting. All wore capacitive coupling units with electrodes placed over the femoral head continuously for six months. One-half of these units were active and one-half were inactive. @entity1 were followed for two to four years. Results were determined by preoperative and postoperative Harris ratings, quantitative roentgenographic measurements, and the number of hips that required @entity572 ( @entity572 ). After all evaluations were completed, @entity1 were divided into stimulated and nonstimulated groups. @entity1 in both groups were similar regarding gender, etiology, and roentgenographic stage of involvement. Results were also compared to 55 hips previously treated symptomatically, without surgery or electrical stimulation. There were no fractures, @entity281 , or other significant complications in any of the hips operated on. Hips treated with decompression and grafting, both with and without electrical stimulation, were more satisfactory than hips treated symptomatically in regard to roentgenographic progression and the need for @entity572 . There was, however, no indication that the addition of capacitive coupling gave better results than decompression and grafting alone.

title: Capacitive coupling as an adjunctive treatment for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity572 :: ('MESH:D006617', 'Disease') :: ['THA', 'total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity2530 :: ('MESH:D010020', 'Disease') :: ['AVN', 'avascular necrosis']

answer: @entity2530 :: (MESH:D010020,Disease) :: ['avascular necrosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine the remineralization effects of a bioerodible fluoridated resin. METHODS: 36 extracted permanent molars were suspended into an artificial caries solution to create an @entity75 . Teeth were sectioned longitudinally to obtain 100 microm sections containing the @entity75 , then photographed with polarized light microscopy in an imbibition media of water, representing a minimum of 5% pore volume. An acid-resistant varnish was applied to the surfaces of the sections, leaving only the natural external tooth surface and @entity75 exposed. The external tooth surface of 12 samples had 5% @entity3163 varnish applied, 12 samples had 5% @entity3163 bioerodible resin applied, and the remaining samples acted as controls. The sections were returned to the tooth, placed in an artificial saliva solution and brushed daily for 30 days. The sections were removed and photographed under polarized light as before. Using a computerized imaging system, the area of the body of the lesion was measured, comparing the same section before and after the 30-day experimental period to evaluate the remineralization process. RESULTS: The mean percent area remineralization (+/-SD) was: bioerodible fluoridated resin 44.1 +/- 12.1; @entity1388 varnish 19.1 +/- 9.2; control 2.4 +/- 3.4. ANOVA indicated a significant variance among groups (P < 0.001). Tukey's multiple comparison test demonstrated the fluoridated resin to enhance remineralization significantly greater (P < 0.001) than the @entity1388 varnish and control and the @entity1388 varnish to enhance remineralization significantly greater (P < 0.002) than the control.

title: In vitro remineralization associated with a bioerodible fluoridated resin and a XXXX varnish.

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['caries-like lesion', 'artificial caries-like lesion']

entities_list: @entity1388 :: ('MESH:D005459', 'Chemical') :: ['fluoride']

entities_list: @entity3163 :: ('MESH:D012969', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium fluoride']

answer: @entity1388 :: (MESH:D005459,Chemical) :: ['fluoride']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ OBJECTIVE: The prognosis of relapsed or refractory aggressive @entity1893 ( @entity1893 ) after front-line therapy remains poor. The development of more effective and less toxic salvage regimens remains a major challenge. @entity136 is effective in treating @entity706 and, when combined with @entity900 , is effective for some solid @entity5 . This study was to evaluate the efficacy of @entity3006 regimen ( @entity136 , @entity619 , and @entity900 ) on relapsed or @entity1893 , and observe the adverse events. METHODS: @entity1 with relapsed or @entity1893 , measurable disease, and had received previously at least one chemotherapy regimen were enrolled and treated with @entity3006 regimen ( @entity136 1000 mg/m2 on Days 1 and 8, @entity619 20-40 mg on Days 1-3, and @entity900 25 mg/m2 on Days 1-3) every 3 weeks. The efficacy and adverse events were evaluated according to the WHO criteria. RESULTS: Twenty-four @entity1 had received a total of 76 chemotherapy cycles, and were assessable for efficacy and adverse events. Five (20.8%) @entity1 had complete response, 9 had partial response, 8 had stable disease, and 2 had progressive disease. The overall response rate (RR) was 58.3% for assessable @entity1 ; it was 57.1% for B-cell @entity1893 @entity1 and 60.0% for T-cell @entity1893 @entity1 (P=0.889). The median follow-up was 1.2 years. The 1-year overall survival rate was 41.7%; it was 42.9% in B-cell @entity1893 @entity1 and 40.0% in T-cell @entity1893 @entity1 (P=0.986). The occurrence rate was 37.5% for grade III/IV @entity1210 , 25.0% for @entity882 , and 16.7% for @entity417 in all @entity1 . @entity1503 were mild. There was no treatment-related @entity204 . Two @entity1 proceeded to stem cell transplantation after salvage chemotherapy and obtained sufficient stem cells. CONCLUSION: @entity3006 regimen is an effective and relatively nontoxic salvage chemotherapy regimen for relapsed or @entity1893 .

title: [Efficacy of @entity3006 regimen ( @entity136 , @entity619 , and @entity900 ) on relapsed or refractory aggressive XXXX : a report of 24 cases].

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumors']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['Non-hematologic toxicities']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", 'refractory aggressive NHL', 'NHL']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine', 'gemcitabine']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity1893 :: (MESH:D008228,Disease) :: ['non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with light chain ( @entity1582 ) @entity2783 who present with severe @entity712 due to cardiac involvement rarely survive more than 6 months. Survival after cardiac transplantation is markedly reduced due to the progression of @entity2783 . Autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) has become a common therapy for @entity1582 , but there is an exceedingly high treatment-related mortality in @entity1 with @entity712 . METHODS: We developed a treatment strategy of cardiac transplant followed by ASCT. Twenty-six @entity1 were evaluated, and of 18 eligible @entity1 , nine @entity1 underwent cardiac transplantation. Eight of these @entity1 subsequently received an ASCT. RESULTS: Six of seven evaluable @entity1 achieved a complete hematologic remission, and one achieved a partial remission. At a median follow-up of 56 months from cardiac transplant, five of seven @entity1 are alive without recurrent @entity2783 . Their survival is comparable with 17,389 @entity1 who received heart transplants for nonamyloid heart disease: 64% in nonamyloid vs. 60% in amyloid @entity1 at 7 years (P=0.83). Seven of eight transplanted @entity1 have had no evidence of amyloid in their cardiac allograft. CONCLUSIONS: This demonstrates that cardiac transplantation followed by ASCT is feasible in selected @entity1 with @entity1582 and @entity712 , and that such a strategy may lead to improved overall survival.

title: Cardiac transplantation followed by dose-intensive melphalan and autologous stem-cell transplantation for light chain XXXX and @entity712 .

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['AL amyloidosis', 'AL']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure']

entities_list: @entity2783 :: ('MESH:D000686', 'Disease') :: ['amyloidosis']

answer: @entity2783 :: (MESH:D000686,Disease) :: ['amyloidosis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of percutaneous @entity1085 ( @entity1085 ) under CT guidance in a @entity1707 model with histopathologic correlation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee approval was obtained for this study protocol. Five @entity1707 underwent @entity1085 . Under CT guidance, 3-4 cryoprobes were positioned percutaneously at the gallbladder margins. Thermocouple probes were placed percutaneously at the gallbladder fundus, neck, free wall, and gallbladder fossa. Two freeze-thaw cycles ranging from 10 to 26  min were performed. The subjects were sacrificed 5  h after cryoablation. The gallbladder and bile ducts were resected, stained, and examined microscopically. RESULTS: @entity1085 was completed in all subjects. A 10-mm ablation margin was achieved beyond all gallbladder walls. Thermocouple probes reached at least -20    C. Intra-procedural body temperature decreased to a minimum of 35    C but recovered after the procedure. Intra- and post-procedural vital signs otherwise remained within physiologic parameters. Non-target ablation occurred in the stomach and colon of the first two subjects. Histology demonstrated complete denudation of the gallbladder epithelium, @entity548 , and @entity4 within the muscularis layer, and preservation of the microscopic architecture of the common bile duct in all cases. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous @entity1085 is feasible, with adequate ablation margins obtained and histologic changes demonstrating transmural @entity39 . Adjacent structures included in the ablation may require conservative ablation zones, hydrodissection, or continuous saline lavage.

title: Gallbladder Cryoablation: Proof of Concept in a XXXX Model for a Percutaneous Alternative to Cholecystectomy.

entities_list: @entity1085 :: ('MESH:D005705', 'Disease') :: ['GBC', 'gallbladder cryoablation']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

answer: @entity1707 :: (9823,Species) :: ['Swine']


abstract: The main focus of this study was to evaluate long term effects of @entity3409 on forearm @entity79 after stopping ingestion of @entity3409 -polluted @entity579 for 10 years in a Chinese population. A total of 532 @entity1 (338 @entity1 and 194 @entity1 ), living in control, moderately and heavily polluted areas, were included in this study. The residents living in the polluted area ceased ingesting @entity3409 -polluted @entity579 in 1996. All @entity1 were require to answer a questionnaire and the @entity79 ( @entity79 ) was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the proximal radius and ulna. Samples of urine and blood were collected for determination of @entity3409 in urine (UCd) and blood (BCd).The @entity79 of subjects living in the heavily polluted area was significantly lower than that of those living in control area in both @entity1 and @entity1 (p<0.01). For the @entity1 living in the moderately polluted area, only the @entity1 's @entity79 was greatly lower compared to that in the control area (p<0.05). The @entity79 declined with the increasing BCd and UCd in both sexes, especially in the highest level (BCd >5 microg/L, UCd >10 microg/g crea) groups (p<0.01). It was found that there were significant differences in the prevalence of @entity170 among the different areas (chi(2)=13.046, p=0.0003) and different UCd groups (chi(2)=4.511, p=0.0337) in @entity1 , but not in @entity1 (chi(2)=0.962, p=0.3268; chi(2)=1.906, p=0.1675). But a significant difference exists in the prevalence of @entity170 among different BCd groups in both genders (chi(2)=9.304, p=0.00229, in @entity1 ; chi(2)=4603, p=0.0319, in @entity1 ). This study suggested that @entity3409 could play a long-term role on bone and more attention should be paid to @entity3409 effects on bone metabolism after reduction of exposure.

title: Effects of XXXX on forearm bone density after reduction of exposure for 10 years in a Chinese population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women', 'people', 'persons', 'men']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

answer: @entity3409 :: (MESH:D002104,Chemical) :: ['cadmium']


abstract: This study evaluated the setup uncertainties for brain sites when using BrainLAB's ExacTrac X- @entity16039 6D system for daily pretreatment to determine the optimal planning target volume ( @entity343 ) margin. Between August 2012 and April 2015, 28 @entity1 with @entity1313 were treated by daily image-guided radiotherapy using the BrainLAB ExacTrac 6D image guidance system of the Novalis-Tx linear accelerator. DUONTM (Orfit Industries, Wijnegem, Belgium) masks were used to fix the head. The radiotherapy was fractionated into 27-33 treatments. In total, 844 image verifications were performed for 28 @entity1 and used for the analysis. The setup corrections along with the systematic and random errors were analyzed for six degrees of freedom in the translational (lateral, longitudinal, and vertical) and rotational (pitch, roll, and yaw) dimensions. Optimal @entity343 margins were calculated based on van Herk et al.'s [margin recipe = 2.5  - + 0.7   - 3 mm] and Stroom et al.'s [margin recipe = 2  - + 0.7  ] formulas. The systematic errors (  -) were 0.72, 1.57, and 0.97 mm in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical translational dimensions, respectively, and 0.72  , 0.87  , and 0.83   in the pitch, roll, and yaw rotational dimensions, respectively. The random errors (  ) were 0.31, 0.46, and 0.54 mm in the lateral, longitudinal, and vertical rotational dimensions, respectively, and 0.28  , 0.24  , and 0.31   in the pitch, roll, and yaw rotational dimensions, respectively. According to van Herk et al.'s and Stroom et al.'s recipes, the recommended lateral @entity343 margins were 0.97 and 1.66 mm, respectively; the longitudinal margins were 1.26 and 3.47 mm, respectively; and the vertical margins were 0.21 and 2.31 mm, respectively. Therefore, daily setup verifications using the BrainLAB ExacTrac 6D image guide system are very useful for evaluating the setup uncertainties and determining the setup margin.

title: Analysis of the Setup Uncertainty and Margin of the Daily ExacTrac 6D Image Guide System for XXXX with @entity1313 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1313 :: ('MESH:D001932', 'Disease') :: ['brain tumors']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['Patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The use of adjunctive @entity1214 with mechanical debridement in treating @entity2521 has been widely studied using different methods. However, the results from these studies are equivocal. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to clarify the efficacy of the adjunctive use of subgingival @entity1214 application plus scaling/root planing as compared with the results of one episode of scaling/root planing in the treatment of @entity7278 . METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 were enrolled in this split-mouth clinical trial. Probing depth, clinical attachment loss, gingival index, and @entity548 on probing were evaluated at the baseline before scaling/root planing and 6, 10, 14, and 18 weeks later according to a single-blind protocol. The amount of @entity1356 ( @entity1356 pg/site) at each lesion was also simultaneously measured in gingival crevicular fluid in a parallel comparison design. After full-mouth baseline measurements and scaling/root planing, 78 lesions with a residual mean probing depth of 5 mm at anterior teeth were selected and equally distributed in either right or left sites based on a split-mouth symmetrical design and randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups (with or without @entity1214 administration, n = 39 for each group). RESULTS: Probing depth significantly decreased from the baseline (week 0) to week 6 after scaling/root planing (p < 0.05) in both groups, but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (p > 0.05). However, at weeks 10, 14, and 18, the experimental group showed significantly greater improvement in pocket reduction than the control group (p < 0.05). Similarly, both groups also showed significant decreases in gingival index scores from weeks 0-6 (p < 0.05), but gingival index reductions at weeks 10, 14, and 18 were statistically significant in favor of the experimental group (p < 0.05). The experimental group had more @entity1017 than the control group at weeks 14 and 18 (p < 0.05). Values of @entity1356 (pg/site) at the experimental sites were significantly reduced at weeks 10, 14, and 18, as compared to values at control sites (p < 0.01). Finally, the incidence of @entity548 on probing showed no differences between the two groups for any time interval (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In this 18-week clinical trial, the results suggested that scaling/root planing with adjunctive subgingival administration of @entity1214 ointment has a significantly better and prolonged effect compared to scaling/root planing alone on the reduction of probing depth, clinical attachment loss, gingival index, and @entity1356 content, but not on @entity548 on probing.

title: Efficacy of subgingivally applied @entity1214 in the treatment of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1214 :: ('MESH:D008911', 'Chemical') :: ['minocycline']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity7278 :: ('MESH:D055113', 'Disease') :: ['chronic periodontitis']

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['attachment gain']

entities_list: @entity2521 :: ('MESH:D010518', 'Disease') :: ['periodontitis']

answer: @entity7278 :: (MESH:D055113,Disease) :: ['chronic periodontitis']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine whether socioeconomic factors influence adherence to @entity561 drug treatment among incident users in Norway during 2005-2009. METHODS: The study included 7610 incident @entity561 users in 2005 (40-79 years), followed until 31 December 2009. Mean age was 66.6 years, and 86.7% of the @entity1 were @entity1 . Data were drawn from the Norwegian Prescription Database and linked to marital status, education and income. Adherence was measured by the medication possession ratio (MPR). MPR was defined as the number of dispensed defined daily doses divided by the number of days each @entity1 was included in the study. A @entity1 was adherent if MPR >=  80%. ORs with 95%CI were estimated using logistic regression. RESULTS: Among all @entity1 , 45.5% was adherent throughout 4.2 years. A slightly higher proportion of @entity1 than @entity1 were adherent. Adjusted for all covariates, @entity1 aged 70-79 years had an OR of 1.27 (95%CI 1.10-1.45) for adherence compared with those 40-59 years. In @entity1 , high household income predicted adherence of @entity561 use. In @entity1 , a middle educational level compared with a low level, predicted adherence (adjusted OR = 1.47 (95%CI 1.10-1.96)). After adjustments, previous marriage reduced the odds of being adherent compared with present marriage, in both @entity1 and @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 , the most important factors for being adherent were high age and high income. In @entity1 , a middle educational level predicted adherence. Previous marriage reduced the odds of being adherent in both @entity1 and @entity1 .

title: Influence of socioeconomic factors on the adherence of XXXX treatment in incident users in Norway.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient', 'men']

entities_list: @entity561 :: ('MESH:D019386', 'Chemical') :: ['alendronate']

answer: @entity561 :: (MESH:D019386,Chemical) :: ['alendronate']


abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine both the minimal and the optimal conditions under which heat treatment is effective for enhancing 3D (three-dimensional)-like cell proliferation. C3H10T1/2 @entity19 fibroblasts were cultured with @entity692 granules for 10 weeks after heat treatment at 40, 41.5, 43, 44 or 45 degrees C for 2, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 90, 180 and 360 min. Then minimal and optimal conditions of temperature and duration of heat treatment for induction of 3D-like proliferation of cells were determined. The minimal conditions of heat treatment to induce 3D-like proliferation were 43 degrees C for 2 min and the optimal conditions were 43 degrees C for 10 min. The mean rates of formation of 3D-like proliferation patterns by cells heat-treated at 43 degrees C for 2 and 10 min were significantly higher (1.7- and 3.7-fold respectively) than that by untreated cells (P<0.05). We also observed significantly greater effects of heat treatment on 3D-like proliferation at 40 degrees C for 90 or 180 min and at 41.5 degrees C for 15 min and 44 degrees C for 10 min. We found that apoptosis had occurred in 7.5 and 87.0% of the cells at 1 week after heat treatment at 43 degrees C for 10 min and 30 min respectively. Western-blot analysis demonstrated that phosphorylation of @entity1995 (mitogen-activated protein kinase) was markedly increased by heat treatment at 43 degrees C for 10 min. These findings suggest that activation of @entity1995 by @entity1457 is associated with 3D-like cell proliferation. The results of the present study should be useful for further studies aimed at elucidation of the physiological mechanisms underlying thermotherapy and @entity221 .

title: Heat-shock-induced three-dimensional-like proliferation of @entity19 fibroblasts mediated by XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity692 :: ('MESH:D017886', 'Chemical') :: ['hydroxyapatite']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['hyperthermia']

answer: @entity692 :: (MESH:D017886,Chemical) :: ['hydroxyapatite']


abstract: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the treatment of choice for some @entity1503 ; however, @entity2132 ( @entity2132 ) is still one of the most important and deleterious complications. Regulatory T cells and iNKT cells can decrease the incidence and severity of @entity2132 , while preserving the graft-versus- @entity5 response. In order to analyze the relationship between the transfused dose of these cells, the presence of @entity2132 and survival, 15 normal donors and 15 @entity1 with @entity1503 who underwent allogeneic HSCT from HLA-identical siblings were studied. The mobilization and infused doses of valpha24-vbeta11(iNKT cells) lymphocytes and @entity404 +CD25+ @entity403 +, @entity404 +CD25+ @entity403 + @entity1196 +, regulatory T cells were analyzed. All @entity1 were conditioned with @entity1863 and @entity786 and received @entity205 and @entity1499 as @entity2132 prophylaxis. iNKT and @entity403 cells were mobilized after @entity1261 administration. Acute @entity2132 was present in 9 of 15 (60%) and cGVHD in 7 of 13 (54%) @entity1 . @entity1 who received a dose <0.6 x 10(6)/kg of iNKT cells and >4 x 10(6)/kg of @entity403 had better disease-free survival and overall survival. Individuals transfused with >1.1 x 10(6)/kg of @entity403 + @entity1196 + Treg cells had better overall survival. In conclusion, iNKT and Treg cells are mobilized with @entity1261 in healthy donors and the dose of iNKT cells and @entity403 and @entity1196 + regulatory T cells is of clinical importance in @entity1 HSCT.

title: Role of @entity404 +CD25+highFoxp3+ XXXX + regulatory T cells and invariant NKT cells in @entity1 allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematological diseases']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporine']

entities_list: @entity2132 :: ('MESH:D006086', 'Disease') :: ['GVHD', 'graft-versus-host disease']

entities_list: @entity1863 :: ('MESH:D002066', 'Chemical') :: ['busulfan']

entities_list: @entity1499 :: ('MESH:D008727', 'Chemical') :: ['methotrexate']

answer: @entity1196 :: (6402,Gene) :: ['CD62L']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Stories can serve as powerful tools for health interventions. Story @entity24823 refers to the experience of being absorbed in a story. This is among the first studies to analyze story @entity24823 's role in health videogames among @entity1 by addressing two main questions: Will @entity1 be more immersed when the main characters are similar to them? Do increased levels of @entity24823 relate to more positive health outcomes? SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Eighty-seven 10-12-year-old African-American, Caucasian, and Hispanic @entity1 from Houston, TX, played a health videogame, "Escape from Diab" (Archimage, Houston, TX), featuring a protagonist with both African-American and Hispanic phenotypic features. @entity1 's demographic information, @entity24823 , and health outcomes (i.e., preference, motivation, and self-efficacy) were recorded and then correlated and analyzed. RESULTS: African-American and Hispanic @entity1 reported higher @entity24823 scores than Caucasian @entity1 (P = 0.01). Story @entity24823 correlated positively (P values < 0.03) with an increase in Fruit and Vegetable Preference (r = 0.27), Intrinsic Motivation for Water (r = 0.29), Vegetable Self-Efficacy (r = 0.24), and Physical Activity Self-Efficacy (r = 0.32). CONCLUSION: Ethnic similarity between videogame characters and players enhanced @entity24823 and several health outcomes. Effectively embedding characters with similar phenotypic features to the target population in interactive health videogame narratives may be important when motivating @entity1 to adopt @entity28 prevention behaviors.

title: Story Immersion in a Health Videogame for XXXX Prevention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['Childhood Obesity']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: Case report. OBJECTIVE: To report a very unusual @entity1653 , mimicking an @entity5 . SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: @entity1653 , usually associated with signs and symptoms of cord or nerve root compression, are generally encountered in @entity1 aged over 40. Radiologic diagnosis is often established by their intradural extramedullary location on magnetic resonance images. METHODS: A 60-year-old @entity1 had a 6-month history of progressive weakness in her upper extremities, difficulty in walking, and cervical @entity158 radiating through both arms. Neurologic examination revealed @entity1957 in all her extremities, with extensor reflexes, clonus, and bilateral hyper-reflexiveness. A sensory deficit was present all over her body. Magnetic resonance images revealed that the spinal cord appeared expanded with an ill-defined, homogeneously contrast-enhanced, lobulated, eccentric mass at the C1-C3 level. The @entity1 was operated with a preliminary diagnosis of an intramedullary @entity5 . RESULTS: At surgery, the mass was found to be extramedullary, and gross total resection was performed. Histopathological examination revealed a @entity1653 characterized by the presence of fibrous and meningothelial components. The @entity1 was able to ambulate with a cane, and extremity strength and sensation improved 2 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: @entity1653 can @entity5 , and should be considered in differential diagnosis of @entity5 with atypical appearance.

title: Cervical @entity1653 mimicking XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'intradural tumors', 'intramedullary spinal tumor', 'mimic intramedullary tumors']

entities_list: @entity1957 :: ('MESH:D019957', 'Disease') :: ['motor strength deficiency']

entities_list: @entity1653 :: ('MESH:D008579', 'Disease') :: ['spinal meningioma', 'Spinal meningiomas', 'meningioma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['intramedullary spinal tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity64 is a leading cause of long-term disability in the United States. Inpatient hospital costs account for the majority of acute care costs of @entity64 with half the cost providing for room and board and 19% of total costs allocated to diagnostic testing. This study addresses the yield of common diagnostic tests in @entity64 and how frequently the results potentially impact early @entity64 management. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of @entity1 with acute @entity385 over 3 years from a single-center community-based teaching hospital. Results of carotid Doppler (CD), transcranial Doppler, extracranial magnetic resonance (MR) angiography (EMRA), intracranial MR angiography, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and 24-hour Holter monitoring were reviewed. RESULTS: Extracranial carotid artery imaging with CD and EMRA showed symptomatic @entity850 in 7.9% and 13% of @entity1 with @entity64 . TTE alone showed @entity715 in 1.5% of @entity1 whereas TEE had a yield of 3.8%. @entity4616 was seen in 16% of TEE and none were detected on TTE. The 24-hour Holter monitoring revealed newly detected @entity955 in 9.4% of @entity1 with @entity64 . CONCLUSIONS: Standard diagnostic studies in @entity64 aimed at secondary @entity64 prevention are unlikely to yield results that warrant prolongation of hospitalization. Carotid endarterectomy is the only intervention with reasonable evidence suggesting benefit in the early period after @entity64 . Pursuing extracranial carotid artery imaging during initial hospitalization seems justifiable, especially given the high yield of CD and EMRA in the detection of treatable @entity543 .

title: The use of diagnostic tests in @entity1 with acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke', 'acute stroke']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['intracardiac thrombus']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['ipsilateral stenosis']

entities_list: @entity4616 :: ('MESH:D054092', 'Disease') :: ['Patent foramen ovale']

entities_list: @entity543 :: ('MESH:D016893', 'Disease') :: ['carotid artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['ischemic stroke']


abstract: Diffuse large @entity1892 (DLBCLs) are a heterogeneous group of @entity706 , with no accepted biological prognostic markers in routine clinical practice. Previously, matrix metalloproteinase ( @entity1495 ), @entity2843 and @entity22256 ( @entity22256 ) phenotype have been shown to associate with poor prognosis in DLBCL @entity1 . The aim of this study was to find out whether tissue expression of gelatinases ( @entity1476 and @entity1495 ) or their tissue inhibitors ( @entity2843 and @entity1552 ) or immunohistochemically defined @entity22256 phenotype could act as prognostic markers in @entity1 treated with modern treatments. Additionally, correlations between these proteins and @entity22256 phenotype were investigated. @entity22256 phenotype and tissue expression of @entity1476 , @entity1495 , @entity2843 and @entity1552 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in tissue samples from 114 DLBCL @entity1 . In this study, in @entity1 treated with modern @entity706 treatments (5-year cause-specific survival 69.8%) @entity1476 , @entity1495 , @entity2843 or @entity1552 expression or @entity22256 phenotype did not correlate with survival. International Prognostic Index (IPI) and stage were the only factors, which retained their prognostic significance in this @entity1 material. Gelatinases or TIMPs did not correlate with @entity22256 phenotype, either. Prognostic markers are dependent on the @entity706 treatments used. In DLBCL @entity1 treated with modern chemotherapy with or without @entity2408 , @entity1495 , @entity2843 and @entity22256 phenotype seem to have lost their prognostic value.

title: Lack of prognostic value of @entity1495 expression and immunohistochemically defined germinal center phenotype in XXXX with diffuse large @entity1892 treated with modern chemotherapy with or without CD20 antibody.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma', 'lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B-cell lymphomas']

entities_list: @entity2843 :: ('7076', 'Gene') :: ['TIMP-1', 'tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP)- 1']

entities_list: @entity2408 :: ('CHEBI:64357', 'Chemical') :: ['rituximab']

entities_list: @entity22256 :: ('MESH:C548085', 'Disease') :: ['non-germinal center', 'GC']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: @entity195 ( @entity195 ) is a @entity66 characterized by @entity409 . However, the relationship between oxidative stress and endothelial function has not been clearly shown. We investigated the relationship between oxidative stress markers and endothelial function in @entity1 with @entity195 . @entity1 with @entity195 (n = 40) having active disease and sex- and age-matched 40 controls were included. Endothelial function was assessed by @entity384 ( @entity384 ) technique. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels (hsCRP) were measured in all @entity1 . Brachial artery @entity384 was significantly lower in @entity1 with @entity195 than in controls. Gamma-glutamyltransferase and hsCRP levels were higher in @entity1 with @entity195 than in controls. Also, GGT and hsCRP levels were inversely correlated with endothelial function. Oxidative stress markers are elevated in @entity1 with @entity195 having active disease. This may be one of the reasons behind the @entity1333 in active @entity195 .

title: Elevated oxidative stress markers and its relationship with XXXX in Beh  et disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['multisystemic disorder']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['FMD', 'flow-mediated dilatation']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ["Beh  et's disease", 'BD']

answer: @entity409 :: (MESH:D008107,Disease) :: ['endothelial dysfunction']


abstract: Te aim of the study was to evaluate pregnancy nutritional consequences in adolescent pregnant @entity1 and to identify factors which increase risk of an adverse postpartum nutritional result. We conducted a prospective cohort study in 742 adolescent and 779 adult pregnant @entity1 in Guatemala, Dominican Republic and Uruguay, assessing @entity1017 and BMI at first prenatal control, and 4 +/- 1 month postpartum. BMI in adults was classified according to WHO recommendations and NCHS/WHO in adolescents. We assessed changes of BMI between the beginning and postpartum time and a logistic model analysis was applied about the risk of having low BMI at postpartum time. At the beginning of pregnancy the prevalence of low weight was higher in adolescent group and the overweight and @entity28 higher in adults (p < 0.001). Weight gain was significantly higher in adolescents at same nutritional BMI, except for low weighted. Adolescents had a significant change in their BMI at postpartum time, showing a tendency to increase weight and a higher prevalence of overweight and @entity28 (p < 0.001). Higher risk of low BMI in postpartum was associated with low prenatal BMI (OR 25,6, CI 12,6 - 52), adolescence (OR 3,3 CI 1,6 - 6,6) and gestational weight gain < 300 g. per week (OR 1,4 CI 1,1 - 3,9). In conclusion adolescent nutritional status was not damaged after pregnancy. The strongest variable associated with postpartum low BMI was BMI which mothers begin pregnancy as equal of adult mothers.

title: [BMI changes in adolescents and adults XXXX between pregnancy and pospartum].

entities_list: @entity1017 :: ('MESH:D015430', 'Disease') :: ['demographic, social, obstetric, weight gain']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['women']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: Major orthopedic surgery that cause considerable @entity158 , requires good post operative @entity158 management. Microcurrent therapy ( @entity34 ) is a new therapy whereby electric current is provided in literally millionth of an ampere. @entity34 comes as two self adherent active electrode patches linked by a cable Efficacy of @entity34 in the management of @entity4512 and enhancement of wound healing has been reported. AIM OF THE WORK: To study the effect of @entity34 ( @entity34 ) on the epidural @entity3575 requirements and degree of wound healing after total hip arthroplasty. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty eight @entity1 undergoing total hip replacement (THR) were randomly allocated into two groups. Group I: had micro current skin patches (two adhesive electrode) attached above the site of operation in addition to the lumbar epidural catheter. Post operative epidural @entity3575 infusion with a syringe pump given at a rate ranged between 25 and 75 microgram per hour to keep visual analogue @entity158 score (VAS) less than 3/10. Group II had only continuous epidural infusion with @entity3575 at the same range to keep VAS less than 3/10 without @entity34 . RESULTS: There was statistically significant lower mean epidural @entity3575 requirement in Group I (23.24 microgram) when compared to Group II (58.36 microgram). There was 23% incidence of @entity1909 in Group I due to application of micro- current skin patch which resolved by treatment. There was statistically significant higher frequency of grade 1 of wound healing in the microcurrent group (41.3 %) when compared to Group II (7.2%). Grade 2 and 3 were more frequent in Group II) CONCLUSION: The microcurrent skin therapy lead to reduction in the requirements of the post operative epidural @entity3575 with improvement of degrees of wound healing but with considerable incidence of @entity272 after total hip arthroplasty.

title: Effect of microcurrent skin patch on the epidural XXXX requirements for post operative @entity158 relief of total hip arthroplasty.

entities_list: @entity4512 :: ('MESH:D059352', 'Disease') :: ['musculoskeletal pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1909 :: ('MESH:D003872', 'Disease') :: ['dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'pain like total hip arthroplasty']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin dermatitis']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['microcurrent therapy', 'MCT']

answer: @entity3575 :: (MESH:D005283,Chemical) :: ['fentanyl']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Severe and refractory @entity551 is an infrequent perioperative situation during non-cardiac surgery, but determining its etiology is essential for successful management and therapy. METHODS: Adults undergoing non-cardiac surgery were prospectively enrolled in this study. Severe @entity551 was defined as a drop from 30% of baseline systolic arterial pressure unresponsive to adequate fluids administration and to @entity6358 , according to the anasthesiologist criteria. A multiplanar transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) probe was inserted, prior to any other invasive hemodynamic monitor. RESULTS: Forty two adults (68    12 years) were studied, 84% during elective non-cardiac surgery. Abdominal (open and laparoscopic), @entity1514 and orthopaedic surgeries were performed most frequently. In all @entity1 , TEE was useful for determining the etiology of severe @entity551 . @entity3485 was diagnosed in 18 @entity1 (42%). Low ejection fraction (EF < 30%) was detected in 5 cases and was successfully treated with vasoactive drugs. Dynamic left ventricular outflow tract obstruction, associated with systolic anterior motion of the mitral valve, was diagnosed in 5 @entity1 ; in another 6 @entity1 severe @entity887 was detected during hip and knee surgery. @entity741 causing persistent @entity551 was detected in 5 @entity1 ; in 3 @entity1 , @entity2293 was the etiology of severe @entity551 . Two @entity1 died; both had severe @entity741 . CONCLUSIONS: Perioperative TEE was performed quickly, proving to be a useful technique in the context of @entity551 during non-cardiac surgery. The heart and great vessels could be observed directly and functionally evaluated. Thus, the etiology of severe @entity551 could be easily determined and managed.

title: Utility of transesophageal echocardiography during severe XXXX in non-cardiac surgery.

entities_list: @entity6358 :: ('MESH:D004809', 'Chemical') :: ['ephedrine']

entities_list: @entity2293 :: ('MESH:D002305', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac tamponade']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity3485 :: ('MESH:D020896', 'Disease') :: ['Hypovolemia']

entities_list: @entity741 :: ('MESH:D017202', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial ischemia', 'myocardial ischemia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

answer: @entity551 :: (MESH:D007022,Disease) :: ['hypotension']


abstract: @entity694 for 1-7% of cases of @entity1744 in the United States and Western Europe. It is, however, a much commoner condition in parts of Africa, South Asia and South America. @entity3313 is thought to be an @entity558 , probably with an anatomical basis, particularly in @entity1588 . Some cases are, however, secondary to a known condition such as @entity1526 . The sigmoid colon is involved in 65-80% of cases and the right colon in 15-30%. Transverse @entity694 are rare. Emergency surgery has in the past been associated with a high mortality. Nonoperative, tube decompression of @entity3313 has been the single most important advance in the management of the condition--this has allowed surgery to be deferred to an elective schedule and performed on a fitter @entity1 with a prepared bowel. Emergency surgery is still required for a minority of @entity1 --those in whom tube decompression is unsuccessful; in those with signs of @entity29 and @entity1 with @entity3313 proximal to the sigmoid. When the bowel is not viable, resection is mandatory. In @entity1 with a viable colon, there are several options. Sigmoid resection and colostomy for @entity3313 and detorsion, cecopexy and tube cecostomy as a combined procedure for @entity1588 are the usually recommended procedures.

title: XXXX . Etiology and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity558 :: ('MESH:C536528', 'Disease') :: ['idiopathic condition']

entities_list: @entity3313 :: ('MESH:D045822', 'Disease') :: ['sigmoid volvulus', 'Volvulus', 'volvulus']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['gangrenous bowel']

entities_list: @entity1526 :: ('MESH:D014355', 'Disease') :: ["Chagas' disease"]

entities_list: @entity1588 :: ('MESH:D002429', 'Disease') :: ['cecal volvulus']

entities_list: @entity694 :: ('MESH:D003110', 'Disease') :: ['colon and splenic flexure volvulus', 'Colonic volvulus accounts']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['large bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity694 :: (MESH:D003110,Disease) :: ['Colonic volvulus']


abstract: Although bird-tick systems affect the @entity1 risk of @entity7545 , very little is known about the ecological factors that shape the spatio-temporal variation of @entity277 in terrestrial songbirds. We present a risk model that explains the levels of infestation of Ixodes ricinus, the main vector of @entity2069 s.l., during the breeding season of the great tit (Parus major), one of Europe's most abundant avian reservoir hosts of @entity2069 s.l. Tit tick burden were modelled as a function of variables summarising vegetation, climate, proxies for @entity1 abundance and characteristics of individual birds and their nests. Tick loads were positively associated with the relative humidity prior to capture of the bird and the cover of bracken inside its territory. The number of cold winter days prior to the bird's breeding season showed a negative association with tick loads. None of the proxies for @entity1 abundance correlated with tick loads. Tick loads decreased with age in female tits, whereas they increased with age in male tits. Tick burdens in the parental tits were positively associated with their brood size and negatively correlated with the average nestling body weight. Possible mechanisms include: how tit foraging influences tick encounter rates, host tick resistance mechanisms and the environmental conditions that simultaneously affect tick exposure risk and brood characteristics. We believe this study provides the first detailed insights into the ecological factors that shape tick burden in a terrestrial songbird.

title: Ecological factors that determine Ixodes ricinus tick burdens in the great tit (Parus major), an avian reservoir of XXXX s.l.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'mammal']

entities_list: @entity2069 :: ('139', 'Species') :: ['B. burgdorferi', 'Borrelia burgdorferi']

entities_list: @entity277 :: ('MESH:D013984', 'Disease') :: ['tick infestations']

entities_list: @entity7545 :: ('MESH:D017282', 'Disease') :: ['tick-borne diseases']

answer: @entity2069 :: (139,Species) :: ['Borrelia burgdorferi']


abstract: CONTEXT: Concern has been raised that medications that block @entity750 reuptake may affect bone metabolism, resulting in @entity604 . OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to compare annual @entity79 ( @entity79 ) changes among new users of selective @entity750 reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), new users of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs), and nonusers of antidepressant medications. DESIGN AND SETTING: We conducted a prospective cohort study at five clinical centers in the United States. @entity1 : The study included 1972 community-dwelling @entity1 , aged 42 years and older, enrolled in the Study of @entity1 's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). EXPOSURE: The use of antidepressant medications was assessed by interview and verified from medication containers at annual visits. Subjects were categorized as nonusers (no SSRI or @entity2974 use at any examination), SSRI users (initiated SSRI use after the baseline SWAN visit), or @entity2974 users (initiated @entity2974 use after the baseline visit), using a computerized dictionary to categorize type of medication. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity79 at the lumbar spine, total hip, and femoral neck was measured using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at annual visits. RESULTS: @entity79 was compared among 311 new users of SSRIs, 71 new users of TCAs, and 1590 nonusers. After adjustment for potential confounders, including age, race, body mass index, menopausal status, and hormone therapy use, mean lumbar spine @entity79 decreased on average 0.68% per year in nonusers, 0.63% per year in SSRI users (P = .37 for comparison to nonusers), and 0.40% per year in @entity2974 users (P = .16 for comparison to nonusers). At the total hip and femoral neck, there was also no evidence that SSRI or @entity2974 users had an increased rate of @entity604 compared with nonusers. Results were similar in subgroups of @entity1 stratified by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (<16 vs >= 16). CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of middle-aged @entity1 , use of SSRIs and TCAs was not associated with an increased rate of @entity604 at the spine, total hip, or femoral neck.

title: Rates of XXXX among women initiating antidepressant medication use in midlife.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity604 :: ('MESH:D016301', 'Disease') :: ['bone loss']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone mineral density', 'BMD']

entities_list: @entity750 :: ('MESH:D012701', 'Chemical') :: ['serotonin']

answer: @entity604 :: (MESH:D016301,Disease) :: ['bone loss']


abstract: The West Midlands Regional @entity1 's Tumour Registry collects detailed information on all cases of @entity5 in the West Midlands Health Authority Region (WMHAR). The distribution by electoral ward of all cases diagnosed in the WMHAR between 1980 and 1984 has been determined. Analysis has also been performed for @entity1893 alone. We suggest that this latter grouping should be universally employed, owing to the difficulty of accurately separating out cases of @entity1778 . Both spatial analyses showed several wards with significantly excessive rates on the basis of their cumulative Poison probability. Observed/expected ratios of 3-35 were seen for cases in significant wards, which are similar to the ratios seen in analysis of incidence around nuclear installations. However, further detailed consideration of these individual significance levels in the light of the number of statistically significant wards which would occur by chance alone, due to the multiple use of the test, accounted completely for the number of wards obtained in each of the groups considered. Thus, apparent 'clustering' of cases could be mere statistical artefact. In the WMHAR, therefore, using the technique of probability mapping, no true spatial pattern of incidence was found, other than that which would occur by chance alone. This, in a large area without nuclear installations and an even mix of rural and industrialised regions, could be seen as control data for those studies which have considered cases of childhood @entity1778 around nuclear facilities, where the observation of single point clusters associated with suspected sites restricts assessments of spatial pattern in the rest of the area.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: 'Clustering'--real or apparent? Probability maps of XXXX in the West Midlands Health Authority region.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Children']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["leukaemias/non-Hodgkin's lymphomas"]

entities_list: @entity1778 :: ('MESH:D007938', 'Disease') :: ['leukaemia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['childhood cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['childhood cancer']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: @entity1 with @entity955 and previous @entity385 ( @entity385 )/transient @entity63 attack ( @entity63 ) are at high risk of recurrent cerebrovascular events despite anticoagulation. In this prespecified subgroup analysis, we compared @entity1229 with @entity14242 in @entity1 with versus without previous @entity385 / @entity63 . METHODS: ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 (Effective Anticoagulation With @entity6236 Next Generation in @entity955 in @entity583 48) was a double-blind trial of 21   105 @entity1 with @entity955 randomized to @entity1229 (international normalized ratio, 2.0-3.0; median time-in-therapeutic range, 68.4%) versus once-daily @entity14242 (higher-dose @entity14242 regimen [HDER], 60/30 mg; lower-dose @entity14242 regimen, 30/15 mg) with 2.8-year median follow-up. Primary end points included all @entity64 /systemic embolic events (efficacy) and @entity548 (safety). Because only HDER is approved, we focused on the comparison of HDER versus @entity1229 . RESULTS: Of 5973 (28.3%) @entity1 with previous @entity385 / @entity63 , 67% had CHADS2 ( @entity712 , @entity101 , age, @entity6 , prior @entity64 @entity63 ) >3 and 36% were >= 75 years. Compared with 15   132 without previous @entity385 / @entity63 , @entity1 with previous @entity385 / @entity63 were at higher risk of both @entity1031 and @entity548 ( @entity64 /systemic embolic events 2.83% versus 1.42% per year; P<0.001; @entity548 3.03% versus 2.64% per year; P<0.001; @entity932 , 0.70% versus 0.40% per year; P<0.001). Among @entity1 with previous @entity385 / @entity63 , annualized @entity932 rates were lower with HDER than with @entity1229 (0.62% versus 1.09%; absolute risk difference, 47 [8-85] per 10   000 @entity1 -years; hazard ratio, 0.57; 95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.92; P=0.02). No treatment subgroup interactions were found for primary efficacy (P=0.86) or for @entity932 (P=0.28). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 with @entity955 with previous @entity385 / @entity63 are at high risk of recurrent @entity1031 and @entity548 . HDER is at least as effective and is safer than @entity1229 , regardless of the presence or the absence of previous @entity385 or @entity63 . CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: URL: http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00781391.

title: Outcomes With @entity14242 Versus @entity1229 in @entity1 With Previous Cerebrovascular Events: Findings From ENGAGE AF-TIMI 48 (Effective Anticoagulation With @entity6236 Next Generation in XXXX in @entity583 48).

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'major bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['/transient ischemic attack', 'TIA', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation', 'Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial Infarction']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['IS', 'ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity955 :: (MESH:D001281,Disease) :: ['Atrial Fibrillation-Thrombolysis']


abstract: The present investigation was undertaken to quantitate the osseous changes which occur throughout the entire circumferential extent of @entity2520 in @entity1 with optimal plaque control. Fifteen defects were selected in nine @entity1 . Periodontal surgery was scheduled after each @entity1 had shown an ability to practice @entity527 . Muco-periosteal flaps were raised and the osseous defects debrided. The dimensions of each defect were measured at several specific location points within the defect. The flaps were replaced at their original location and, post-operatively, optimal plaque control was maintained in the area (Mean Plaque Index 0.04). Six to 8 months after the initial surgery all areas were re-operated and the osseous defects were remeasured at the same specific location points. Each defect showed osseous regeneration at every location point. The mean initial @entity154 depth at a location point was 3.5 mm and the mean amount of bone regeneration which occurred was 2.5 mm. Crestal alveolar bone resorption occurred at almost half of the location points and averaged 0.7 mm. Eleven of the 15 defects had resolved completely. There were isolated areas where a shallow defect persisted in the remaining four defects. The behavior of an @entity154 throughout its circumferential extent was characterized by a combination of coronal bone regeneration (mean 77%) and marginal bone resorption (mean 18%). @entity2520 may predictably remodel after surgical debridement and establishment of optimal plaque control.

title: Osseous repair in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['osseous defect']

entities_list: @entity527 :: ('MESH:D058225', 'Disease') :: ['efficient plaque removal']

entities_list: @entity2520 :: ('MESH:D010510', 'Disease') :: ['Infrabony periodontal defects', 'infrabony periodontal defects']

answer: @entity2520 :: (MESH:D010510,Disease) :: ['infrabony periodontal defects']


abstract: Objective To evaluate effectiveness of physiotherapy management in @entity1 experiencing @entity74 II, on clinically relevant outcomes in the short and longer term. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Two reviewers independently searched information sources, assessed studies for inclusion, evaluated risk of bias and extracted data. A third reviewer mediated disagreement. Assessment of risk of bias was tabulated across included trials. Quantitative synthesis was conducted on comparable outcomes across trials with similar interventions. Meta-analyses compared effect sizes, with random effects as primary analyses. Data sources Predefined terms were employed to search electronic databases. Additional studies were identified from key journals, reference lists, authors and experts. Eligibility criteria for selecting studies Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) published in English before 31 December 2010 evaluating physiotherapy management of @entity1 (>16 years), experiencing @entity74 II. Any physiotherapy intervention was included, when compared with other types of management, placebo/sham, or no intervention. Measurements reported on >= 1 outcome from the domains within the international classification of function, disability and health, were included. Results 21 RCTs (2126 @entity1 , 9 countries) were included. Interventions were categorised as active physiotherapy or a specific physiotherapy intervention. 20/21 trials were evaluated as high risk of bias and one as unclear. 1395 @entity1 were incorporated in the meta-analyses on 12 trials. In evaluating short term outcome in the acute/sub-acute stage, there was some evidence that active physiotherapy intervention reduces @entity158 and improves range of movement, and that a specific physiotherapy intervention may reduce @entity158 . However, moderate/considerable heterogeneity suggested that treatments may differ in nature or effect in different trial @entity1 . Differences between @entity1 , interventions and trial designs limited potential meta-analyses. Conclusions Inconclusive evidence exists for the effectiveness of physiotherapy management for @entity74 II. There is potential benefit for improving range of movement and @entity158 short term through active physiotherapy, and for improving @entity158 through a specific physiotherapy intervention.

title: Physiotherapy rehabilitation for XXXX II: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['whiplash associated disorder']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['whiplash associated disorder']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Although @entity1 with @entity5 frequently use dietary supplements, the effects of these agents with regard to chemotherapy are unclear. Therefore, the authors investigated the influence of @entity2186 , @entity1501 , and nutritional supplements on chemotherapy-induced @entity137 . METHODS: @entity1 with @entity0 were asked to complete a questionnaire that recorded their use of dietary supplements. Blood samples were obtained for the assessment of serum @entity2186 and @entity1501 levels before and after the first cycle of chemotherapy and for weekly complete blood counts. @entity137 was evaluated by measuring absolute neutrophil counts and the frequency and severity of @entity3136 . RESULTS: Of the 49 @entity1 who submitted questionnaires, 35 (71%) took a combined total of 165 supplements. Compared with @entity1 in a previous study (performed in 1990), @entity1 in the current study had dramatically increased serum @entity1501 levels. Initial neutrophil count, but not type of chemotherapy, @entity1 age, or serum @entity2186 level, was predictive of nadir absolute @entity1398 and the decrease from initial neutrophil count to nadir (Nfall). After adjusting for initial neutrophil count, Nfall was found to be lower for @entity1 who were taking supplements compared with @entity1 who were not taking supplements (P = 0.01) and for @entity1 who were taking multivitamins (P = 0.01) or @entity270 (P = 0.03). Women with serum @entity1501 levels < 20 ng/mL had a smaller decrease in neutrophil count after chemotherapy than did @entity1 with higher @entity1501 levels (P = 0.04). No significant association between @entity3136 and initial neutrophil count, nadir neutrophil count, Nfall, age, @entity2186 level, or @entity1501 level was found. CONCLUSIONS: The decrease in neutrophil count caused by chemotherapy was ameliorated by dietary supplementation with a multivitamin or @entity270 . In contrast, high serum @entity1501 levels were associated with the exacerbation of this decrease in neutrophil count.

title: Effect of @entity2186 , @entity1501 , and dietary supplements on @entity0 chemotherapy--induced mucositis and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Women', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1501 :: ('MESH:D005492', 'Chemical') :: ['folic acid', 'folate']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity3136 :: ('MESH:D013280', 'Disease') :: ['oral mucositis']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity270 :: ('MESH:D014810', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamin E']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant disease']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

answer: @entity1398 :: (MESH:D009503,Disease) :: ['neutropenia']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity788 ( @entity788 ) has a poor prognosis and chemotherapy remains the most common approach. @entity136 was the only drug recently approved for use as single agent therapy in @entity788 . However, the combination of @entity901 and @entity1487 ( @entity1487 ) has shown some promising results. This phase II trial was conducted to investigate the efficacy of @entity901 , @entity1487 , and @entity4181 (FOLFOX-6) in previously untreated @entity788 @entity1 . METHODS: We studied response rate, time to progression, and @entity137 profile. Treatment included @entity901 100 mg/m2 and @entity4181 400 mg/m2 on day 1 followed by a @entity1487 bolus 400 mg/m2 and a 46-hour infusion of 3000 mg/m2 every 2 weeks. RESULTS: From January 2003 through December 2004, 30 eligible @entity1 were included. Median age was 65 (range, 38-75). There were 22 @entity1 who had metastatic disease and 29 had an @entity420 . A total of 181 cycles were delivered with a mean of 6 cycles per @entity1 . There were 23 @entity1 evaluable for response. There were 8 @entity1 with partial response (27.6% response rate) and 10 with stable disease status (34.5%), while @entity5 growth control was found in 62% of the @entity1 . Recorded toxicities of grade 3/4 were: @entity1398 (26.67%), @entity882 and @entity417 (10% each), @entity294 (6.67%), and @entity33 (3.33%). @entity137 was mild. The median time to progression and the median survival were 4 and 7.5 months, respectively. CONCLUSION: In @entity1 with @entity788 , FOLFOX-6 regimen achieved an interesting response rate within a tolerable level of @entity137 . This regimen seems to warrant further controlled investigation to confirm its efficacy.

title: FOLFOX-6 combination as the first-line treatment of locally advanced and/or metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity901 :: ('MESH:C030110', 'Chemical') :: ['oxaliplatin']

entities_list: @entity4181 :: ('MESH:D002955', 'Chemical') :: ['folinic acid']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['APC', 'Advanced pancreatic carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Neurosensory toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['mucositis']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity136 :: ('MESH:C056507', 'Chemical') :: ['Gemcitabine']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreatic cancer']


abstract: A 65-year-old @entity1 was referred with @entity5 with lung and liver @entity3 . He had done low anterior resection. One month after operation, he was administered anti- @entity5 drugs of FOLFOX4 protocol. Six months after operation, partial response was obtained of abdominal CT scan evaluation. Nine months after operation, FOLFOX4 was stopped by @entity1897 . FOLFIRI protocol started as second-line chemotherapy. Nineteen months after operation, he was diagnosed left hydro- @entity3450 by retro peritoneal lymph-node @entity3 . He was treated by urethral stenting, and FOLFOX protocol was re-started. Twenty one months after operation, FOLFOX4 was stopped by @entity56 , and changed to FOLFIRI protocol. Twenty five months after operation, He felt difficulty of walking and dizziness. He was diagnosed @entity3909 by brain CT scan. He was administered @entity653 and @entity134 . His neurological symptoms was improved. Although he died of disease progression at twenty six months after operation.

title: [A fatal case of @entity3909 in a XXXX @entity1 who had long time survival by multi- line chemotherapy].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Stage IV rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity3909 :: ('MESH:D055756', 'Disease') :: ['meningeal carcinomatosis']

entities_list: @entity653 :: ('MESH:D005990', 'Chemical') :: ['glycerol']

entities_list: @entity3450 :: ('MESH:D009401', 'Disease') :: ['nephrosis']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve injuries']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['drug allergy']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['stage IV rectal cancer']


abstract: We performed a systematic review of the literature on @entity1211 ( @entity1211 ) prophylaxis following @entity385 ( @entity385 ) and @entity548 . MEDLINE, Cochrane, LILACS and SciELO databases were scanned, and the Abstracts from Brazilian, American and European Neurology and @entity64 Congresses were scrutinized for clinical trials. Moreover, the reference lists of articles and reviews were searched. A pooled analysis of two large studies with @entity117 was made. Both unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparins/heparinoids (LMWH) are partially effective for @entity1211 prophylaxis after @entity385 , and should be routinely used in @entity1 with @entity51 and reduced mobility and no contraindications. Reduction of @entity1150 is better established than the effect over @entity1151 or mortality. Some evidence points to a greater efficacy of LMWH. The available evidence does not support the use of mechanical methods or dextran. @entity117 may have a mild protective effect. Low-dose @entity1229 might be useful in the rehabilitation setting. Strict recommendations cannot be made in @entity1 with @entity548 but intermittent pneumatic compression merits further study. There are important limitations of current @entity1211 preventive strategies following @entity64 . Additional studies on the combination of methods after @entity385 and of low doses of anticoagulants following cerebral @entity548 are urgently needed.

title: Prevention of @entity1150 and XXXX following @entity64 : a systematic review of published articles.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic stroke', 'haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity117 :: ('MESH:D001241', 'Chemical') :: ['Aspirin', 'aspirin']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1150 :: ('MESH:D020246', 'Disease') :: ['deep venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['motor deficit']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['VTE', 'venous thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['Warfarin']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['CI', 'cerebral infarct']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['pulmonary embolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The mental health-care system in Sweden, as in many other counties, has its main focus on the reduction of @entity146 symptoms and the prevention of relapses. @entity1 diagnosed with @entity161 often have significant health issues and experience reduced well-being in everyday life. The social imaginary of @entity1032 as an imbalance of the brain has implications concerning general attitudes in society. The news media are an important source of information on @entity146 and have an important role in cultivating public perceptions and stigma. News media can contribute to the @entity1032 stigma and place individuals with mental illnesses at risk of not receiving adequate care and support. The aim of this preliminary study was to describe users' experiences of housing support in everyday life. RESULTS: The results revealed three themes of housing support, which were needed, but frequently insufficiently fulfilled in the municipality. The three themes were: "Support to Practice Healthy Routines in Daily Life," "Support to Shape Meaningful Contents in Everyday Life," and "Support to Meet Needs of Integrity and Respect." CONCLUSIONS: The findings support previous studies arguing that current health care and housing support fails to meet basic needs and may lead to significant and unnecessary health risks. Further investigation is needed regarding the links between attitudes to @entity1032 in society and political and financial principles for health care and housing support for @entity1 with @entity161 . Further research is needed regarding the role of the media in policymaking concerning health promotion interventions for @entity1 diagnosed with @entity161 .

title: Experiences of housing support in everyday life for XXXX with @entity161 and the role of the media from a societal perspective.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['people', 'persons', 'People']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental illness']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric disorders']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['persons']


abstract: WHAT IS KNOWN AND OBJECTIVE: There are no clinical reports that have compared @entity34647 , a selective @entity3624 oxidase inhibitor, with @entity208 in serum @entity414 -lowering efficacy. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of @entity34647 and @entity208 in Japanese @entity9503 @entity1 with or without @entity210 . METHODS: A phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, parallel-group study conducted in Japan. @entity1 who had inadequate serum @entity414 levels (a @entity210 patient: serum @entity414 level >= 416  4  mol/L; an asymptomatic @entity9503 @entity1 with specific complications ( @entity1791 , @entity101 , @entity407 and/or @entity6 ): serum @entity414 level >= 475  8  mol/L; and an asymptomatic @entity9503 @entity1 with no specific complications: serum @entity414 level >= 535  3  mol/L) were randomized to @entity34647 120 mg/day or @entity208 200 mg/day, with an equal allocation ratio, for 16 weeks. To prevent the onset of @entity3811 by rapid serum @entity414 reduction, these doses were increased in a stepwise manner. The primary efficacy endpoint was the per cent change in serum @entity414 level from baseline to the final visit. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Overall, 206 @entity1 were randomly assigned to @entity34647 and @entity208 . Two hundred and three @entity1 ( @entity208 : n = 105, @entity34647 : n = 98) received at least one dose of the study drug and had their serum @entity414 level assessed at least once. The baseline characteristics were comparable between groups. The mean age of @entity1 was 53  0    11  4 years and 99% of @entity1 were male. The primary efficacy endpoint was -34  3    11  1% in the @entity208 group (n = 105) and -36  3    12  7% in the @entity34647 group (n = 98). Non-inferiority of the serum @entity414 -lowering efficacy of @entity34647 to @entity208 was proved by the predefined non-inferiority margin (95% confidence interval, -5  3 to 1  3%). The overall incidences of adverse events and adverse drug reactions were similar between both groups. WHAT IS NEW AND CONCLUSION: @entity34647 120 mg/day provides non-inferior serum @entity414 reduction compared with @entity208 200 mg/day and is well tolerated in Japanese @entity9503 @entity1 with or without @entity210 .

title: Comparison of @entity34647 and @entity208 in Japanese @entity9503 XXXX with or without @entity210 : a phase 3, multicentre, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled, parallel-group study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity9503 :: ('MESH:C537696', 'Disease') :: ['hyperuricemic']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity34647 :: ('MESH:C504882', 'Chemical') :: ['Topiroxostat', 'topiroxostat']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3624 :: ('MESH:D019820', 'Chemical') :: ['xanthine']

entities_list: @entity3811 :: ('MESH:D015210', 'Disease') :: ['gouty arthritis']

entities_list: @entity1791 :: ('MESH:D052878', 'Disease') :: ['urinary lithiasis']

entities_list: @entity208 :: ('MESH:D000493', 'Chemical') :: ['allopurinol']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The need for a microbial identification of @entity328 independent of culture methods has resulted in the introduction of other laboratory principles. The verification of a proper and exclusive gene for the detection of the pneumococcus by nucleic acid-based tests is, however, still unresolved. A previously published lytA-gene-specific real-time PCR method was applied to a panel of bacterial strains to clarify the analytical sensitivity and specificity of a PCR assay targeting this gene. Furthermore, a phylogenetic analysis of published lytA gene sequences was performed to look at gene sequence differences and the theoretical match with the primers and probes. The lytA-gene-specific PCR detected 46/46 @entity2260 isolates. All 49 of the non-pneumococcal isolates tested negative, including 22 isolates from the mitis group streptococci. Phylogenetic analysis of 94 sequences of the lytA gene from different strains of @entity2260 , @entity6419 and @entity6420 showed that 70/87 @entity2260 sequences constituted one cluster and a further six sequences were outside but adjacent to this cluster, all with a complete match with primers and probes. The remaining 11 @entity2260 strains could be placed in a different cluster, which also contained the five @entity6419 and two @entity6420 strains. All strains had no match with primers and probes. The @entity2260 strains in the second cluster were all characterized by being bile-insoluble, an infrequent pneumococcal phenotype. Routine laboratories can utilize the additional observation that pneumococci that were negative by the specific PCR also carried the phenotype of bile insolubility, thereby observing the incidence of false-negative results produced by the PCR assay. The real-time PCR targeting the lytA gene thus constitutes a sensitive and specific assay that distinguishes @entity2260 from its close relatives in the mitis group.

title: Accuracy of using the lytA gene to distinguish XXXX from related species.

entities_list: @entity6419 :: ('28037', 'Species') :: ['S. mitis', 'Streptococcus mitis']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity6420 :: ('257758', 'Species') :: ['S. pseudopneumoniae', 'Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae']

answer: @entity328 :: (1313,Species) :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']


abstract: @entity3181 ( @entity3181 ) is a rare, life-threatening disease caused by obstruction of hepatic venous outflow. The aim of the study was to assess long-term outcome and identify prognostic factors in @entity3181 @entity1 managed by a step-wise approach using anticoagulation, angioplasty/thrombolysis, transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunting (TIPS), and orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). We reviewed long-term data on 157 @entity1 previously included by the European Network for @entity455 of the Liver, a multicenter prospective study of newly diagnosed @entity3181 @entity1 in nine European countries. @entity1 were followed for a median of 50 months (range, 0.1-74.0). During the study, 88 @entity1 (56%) received at least one invasive intervention (22 @entity1 angioplasty/thrombolysis, 62 TIPS, and 20 OLT) and 36 (22.9%) died. Most interventions and/or @entity204 occurred in the first 2 years after diagnosis. The Rotterdam score was excellent in predicting intervention-free survival, and no other variable could significantly improve its prognostic ability. Moreover, @entity3181 -TIPS prognostic index (PI) score (based on international normalized ratio, @entity648 , and age) was strongly associated with survival and had a discriminative capacity, which was superior to the Rotterdam score. CONCLUSIONS: The current study confirms, in a large cohort of @entity1 with @entity3181 recruited over a short period, that a step-wise treatment approach provides good long-term survival. In addition, the study validates the Rotterdam score for predicting intervention-free survival and the @entity3181 -TIPS PI score for predicting survival.

title: Good long-term outcome of XXXX with a step-wise management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular Disorders']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity3181 :: ('MESH:D006502', 'Disease') :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome', 'BCS']

answer: @entity3181 :: (MESH:D006502,Disease) :: ['Budd-Chiari syndrome']


abstract: AIM: This paper reports one aspect of a larger study. The aim of this aspect was to explore the role of the "welfare officer" in promoting the health of @entity2708 mill workers during this period. BACKGROUND: The paper considers one element of a broad exploratory study of the health of @entity1 @entity2708 mill workers in the North West of England. The original purpose of the study, which was conducted in 2002 in two towns, Oldham and Ashton-under-Lyne, was to explore the @entity1 's own perceptions of the impact of their work on their health, and to find out what, if any, help and support they obtained. During the course of the study it was discovered that "welfare officers", some of whom were trained nurses, had an important role in promoting the health of these workers. The study was therefore expanded to incorporate data obtained directly from interviews with a small sample of welfare officers. The present paper focuses on the issue of sanitary reform and considers the role of the "welfare officer" in promoting public health in the workplace. METHODS: The study employed a combination of archive searches and oral history interviewing. In total, 31 interviews were undertaken between June 2001 and October 2002. The interpretive process focussed both on the ideological power structures which influenced the perspectives of @entity1 , and on evidence for those aspects of @entity1 ' experiences which impacted on their health. FINDINGS: In considering their health, female @entity2708 -mill workers recalled that the poor sanitary conditions in their workplaces during the middle years of the 20th century had been a source of some concern to them. They also observed that mill welfare officers took a hand in promoting improvement in available facilities. Welfare officers themselves recounted their own concern regarding the poor sanitary conditions in the mills, and their efforts to improve conditions for the mill workers. CONCLUSIONS: The paper demonstrates the role of a little-known group of health workers in the middle years of the 20th century, and demonstrates the importance of oral history work in re-capturing elements of nursing work and experience, which do not appear extensively in the written record. The study's relevance to contemporary practice lies in the insight it offers into the autonomy with which these occupational health workers defined their roles and performed their work.

title: The struggle for sanitary reform in the Lancashire XXXX mills, 1920-1970.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'women']

answer: @entity2708 :: (3635,Species) :: ['cotton']