abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between glycaemic variability and inflammatory parameters in @entity28 @entity1 with @entity2690 resistance and to elucidate their effects on the development of @entity209 . METHODS: Fifty @entity28 adolescents with @entity2690 resistance were included in the study. All @entity1 underwent anthropometric measurements, body fat analysis and continuous @entity413 monitoring system (CGMS) for 24 hours. Serum lipids, @entity1254 and @entity650 ( @entity650 ) levels were measured. @entity13974 ( @entity13974 ) was calculated using the standard deviation and the average @entity413 value obtained by CGMS. @entity2690 resistance was diagnosed according to the results of oral @entity413 tolerance test (OGTT). @entity15 was diagnosed according to the modified World Health Organization and the International @entity6 Federation criteria. RESULTS: Twenty-seven of the @entity1 had @entity15 and the remaining had only IR. Body fat mass, HbA1c, @entity650 levels and peak @entity2690 levels in the OGTT were significantly higher in the group with @entity15 , but there was no difference in @entity1254 levels. @entity13974 was not different between the groups, but a significant positive correlation was detected between @entity13974 and HOMA-IR, fasting, peak and total @entity2690 levels when all the @entity1 were analyzed, while no significant relation was detected with adiponectine and @entity650 levels . CONCLUSION: This study suggests that GV is not different among @entity28 adolescents with IR and @entity15 . There seems to be a significant association between GV and IR parameters however, other diagnostic criteria of @entity15 ( @entity101 and/or @entity2299 ) or elevated @entity650 levels does not cause further increase in GV.

title: The Relation of Glycaemic Variability with Inflammatory Markers in Obese @entity1 with XXXX Resistance and @entity209 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity13974 :: ('MESH:C537362', 'Disease') :: ['Glycaemic variability coefficient', 'GVC']

entities_list: @entity209 :: ('MESH:D008659', 'Disease') :: ['metabolic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity2690 :: (3630,Gene) :: ['Insulin']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Psychopharmacotherapy with antipsychotics frequently leads to different undesirable extrapyramidal side effects. @entity3519 is one of them and some of its forms can be dangerous. @entity3519 occurs during treatment with typical antipsychotics. The new novel drugs raised great expectations, but this adverse event also has been found among @entity1 treated with different kinds of atypical antipsychotics. Publications about @entity910 induced by these medications become more and more frequent. Our report does not address the management of the @entity1 @entity3519 but only illustrates the phenomenon. METHOD: We describe here three @entity1 suffering from chronic @entity161 treated with second generation antipsychotics, who developed @entity3520 : one with @entity3519 and two others @entity751 . In the @entity1 with @entity3519 these symptoms appeared after restarting @entity1090 treatment, in the other @entity1 after diminishing the dosage of @entity1090 and adding @entity22521 , and in the third @entity1 the syndrome appeared after beginning @entity1280 . CONCLUSIONS: This case series suggests that atypical antipsychotics may have a causal relationship in the development of different forms of @entity3519 . Physicians should be aware of this problem and always obtain information about the medication used prior to the appearance of movement disturbance.

title: XXXX and @entity3519 induced by novel antipsychotics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3520 :: ('MESH:D020821', 'Disease') :: ['dystonic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1280 :: ('MESH:C092292', 'Chemical') :: ['ziprasidone']

entities_list: @entity22521 :: ('MESH:C066304', 'Chemical') :: ['sertindole']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['tardive movement disturbances']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity751 :: ('MESH:D013577', 'Disease') :: ['Pisa syndrome']

entities_list: @entity3519 :: ('MESH:D004421', 'Disease') :: ['laryngeal dystonia', 'Usually tardive dystonia', 'Tardive dystonia', 'tardive dystonia']

entities_list: @entity1090 :: ('MESH:D018967', 'Chemical') :: ['risperidone']

answer: @entity751 :: (MESH:D013577,Disease) :: ['Pisa syndrome']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity2857 has been shown to significantly improve the overall survival of @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ). This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of @entity2857 as a first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity157 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: To carry out the analysis, we collected the data on the efficacy and safety of @entity1 treated with @entity2857 from medical records and follow-up of these @entity1 . A Markov model comprising three health states (progression-free survival, progressive disease, and @entity204 ) was created to simulate the process of advanced @entity157 . We calculated the data on cost from the perspective of Chinese @entity1 . Sensitivity analyses were also carried out to explore the impact of several essential variables. RESULTS: Overall, 94 @entity1 with advanced @entity157 were included in our study: 70 in the @entity1 -Pugh A group and 24 in the @entity1 -Pugh B group. The median overall survival was 8.0 months (95% confidence interval: 7.21-8.50). In general, treatment with @entity2857 was estimated to increase costs by  18   251.84 compared with best supportive care, with a gain of 0.18 quality-adjusted life years (QALYs). Thus, the incremental cost-effective ratio was  101   399.11/QALY for @entity2857 versus best supportive care. In addition, in @entity1 with @entity1 -Pugh A liver function, the total costs and effectiveness were  20   643.06 and 0.48 QALYs, respectively, whereas in the @entity1 -Pugh class B group, the total costs and effectiveness were  15   844.33 and 0.28 QALYs. CONCLUSION: On the basis of the commonly accepted willingness-to-pay threshold ( 20   301.00/QALY in China), @entity2857 is not a cost-effective option as a first-line treatment for @entity1 with advanced @entity157 .

title: Cost-effectiveness of XXXX as a first-line treatment for @entity157 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'advanced hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity2857 :: ('MESH:C471405', 'Chemical') :: ['sorafenib', 'Sorafenib']

answer: @entity2857 :: (MESH:C471405,Chemical) :: ['sorafenib']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Early union and a rapid return to prior function are the priorities for young @entity2587 with @entity174 . Furthermore, it is essential to avoid nonunion in this subgroup of @entity1 , as this is frequently associated with persistent @entity158 , restriction of movement, and loss of strength and endurance of the shoulder. PURPOSE: To analyze the time to return to sport, functional outcomes, and complications in a group of @entity2587 with displaced @entity174 treated using closed reduction and minimally invasive double-button fixation. STUDY DESIGN: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. METHODS: A total of 21 @entity2587 with displaced @entity174 were treated with closed reduction and minimally invasive double-button fixation between March 2008 and October 2013. @entity1 completed a questionnaire focused on the time to return to sport and treatment course. Functional outcomes were assessed with the Constant score and the short version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) questionnaire. @entity158 was evaluated with the visual analog scale (VAS). Radiographs were reviewed to identify radiographic union, malunion, and nonunion. RESULTS: Of the 21 study @entity1 , 20 returned to sport after treatment; 100% returned to the same level. The mean time to return to play was 78 days (range, 41-120 days). Four @entity1 (20%) returned to sport less than 6 weeks after surgery, 14 (70%) returned between 6 and 12 weeks after surgery, and 2 (10%) returned after 12 weeks. The mean Constant score was 89.1    4.2 (range, 79-100), the mean QuickDASH score was 0.4    2.6 (range, 0-7.1), and the mean VAS @entity158 score was 0.4    1.0 (range, 0-3) at final follow-up (mean, 41 months). The only complication was asymptomatic nonunion. Hardware removal was not necessary in any @entity1 . CONCLUSION: Closed reduction and minimally invasive double-button fixation of displaced @entity174 in @entity2587 was successful in terms of returning to the previous level of athletic activity regardless of the type of sport, with excellent clinical results and a low rate of complications.

title: Minimally Invasive Double-Button Fixation of Displaced XXXX in Athletes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['lateral clavicular fractures']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['Lateral Clavicular Fractures']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: In this study, we reviewed a clinical series composed by all @entity358 submitted to computed tomographyguided percutaneous thermal radiofrequency ablation, in our hospital, a rather recent technique that has been gaining scientific recognition. MATERIAL AND METHODS: For data purposes, all radiofrequency ablation and corresponding clinical records were retrospectivelyanalysed. A computed tomography scan was performed before and after each procedure to evaluate the @entity5 's features, and at a second step to assess results and complications. The frequency of local recurrence and disease progression were determined based on imaging follow-up. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to estimate survival. Univariate analysis recognized clinical and pathological factors affecting survival. These were also tested by multivariate analysis. RESULTS: A total of 28 @entity358 , 20 primary and 8 metastatic, from 28 @entity1 (78.6% male; mean age 62    17 years old), were submitted to computed tomography-guided radiofrequency ablation between January 2004 and July 2010. Total @entity39 was achieved in 74.1% of the lesions. Immediate radiofrequency ablation-related complications were observed in half of the procedures. Among major complications, @entity204 occurred in one @entity1 only. Median overall survival was 43.0 months for a mean 2-years follow-up.Median progression-free survival was 31.6 months. Lesion's size smaller than 35 mm, stage III disease by the TNM classification and previous treatment attempts were significantly associated with better outcomes. Disease-related mortality was 46.4%. DISCUSSION: This procedure proved to be @entity2 , with a low-rate of major complications. CONCLUSIONS: Computed tomography-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation is a minimally invasive procedure that appears to be valuable in the treatment of @entity2 lesions.

title: Efficacy and Safety of Percutaneous Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation in the Treatment of XXXX Lesions.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['efficient to treat lung cancerous lesions', 'lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['malignant lung lesions']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['Lung Cancer']


abstract: Cheek metastasis from @entity14 is very unusual. We report on a 79-year-old female @entity5 @entity1 who underwent low anterior resection and lymph node dissection. The initial stage for this @entity1 was T3N0M0 (by AJCC 1997). Postoperatively 49 months later, she presented with a right cheek mass that progressively enlarged within 2 weeks. Computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a well-defined 5 x 5-cm mass over the right parotid space and infratemporal fossa. The @entity5 was noted to be displacing the right masseter muscle laterally with obliteration of the medial border. In addition, destruction of the right mandible was also noted. Histology of this right cheek mass revealed it to be a @entity420 , which was similar to that of the primary @entity420 . Multiple metastases including to the bone, lung, and liver were also found. The @entity1 only underwent radiotherapy to the right cheek mass because of its rapid growth. Chemotherapy was not considered due to her advanced age. She did not complete the entire radiation therapy course because she expired. In our review, this is a very rare case presenting with cheek mass metastasis from @entity189 . It was associated with widespread and @entity146 due to @entity5 .

title: Cheek mass as a presentation of metastatic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'rectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['rectal carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['rectal adenocarcinoma', 'metastatic adenocarcinoma']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['rectal cancer']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: 7559 Background: @entity2841 leads to dendritic cell priming and activation, and also increases @entity3647 expression on T-lymphocytes. @entity1199 creates LAK cells and TIL cells. Therefore, it was compelling to combine these 2 agents, each with a different function but a complimentary action. METHODS: This is an open label, single arm study. 16 @entity1 participated and underwent potentially curative surgery. Post-operatively, each @entity1 received @entity2841 : 125 gm/m(2)/day, sc *14 days; followed by @entity1199 : 9 million IU/m(2)/day, sc *4 days, then 10 -12 days of no treatment. This cycle was repeated once/month for 6 months, i.e., 6 cycles. In addition, @entity1 with large @entity5 received autologous @entity320 vaccine. All the @entity1 were observed, and in the event of recurrence or @entity3 , the @entity1 was evaluated for resection and was re-treated on the same program. RESULTS: The @entity1 population consisted of: 8 @entity1 with T3b-T4b primary @entity320 . The remaining 8 @entity1 had @entity3 to regional @entity1600 ( @entity1600 ), iliac @entity1600    intransit @entity3 , and resected distant @entity3 . 6 @entity1 had large enough @entity5 that yielded sufficient @entity5 cells and received autologous @entity5 vaccine with the biotherapy. This program was well tolerated with minimal complaints, and good @entity1 compliance. 9 @entity1 developed WBC >20,000/cmm with a high eosinophil count. 2 @entity1 developed subcutaneous nodules away from any site of @entity2841 or @entity1199 injections. Pathology proved these to be @entity1600 packed with T lymphocytes and a few foci of b cells. Fifteen @entity1 are alive free of disease (including 2 who were re-treated) after 6-26 months of follow-up (median 14). CONCLUSIONS: 1. In an attempt to intensify this therapy without increasing the dosage (because of the leucocytosis) we plan to extend this treatment to one year. 2. It seems that surgical resection of recurrences and @entity3 followed by Biotherapy or Bio-Immunotherapy can be an effective approach in the management of this disease. No significant financial relationships to disclose.

title: @entity2841 ( XXXX ) _ @entity1199 ( @entity1199 ) combination as adjuvant therapy in @entity320 . Early results of a phase II clinical trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1600 :: ('MESH:D014388', 'Disease') :: ['LN', 'lymph nodes']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity2841 :: (1437,Gene) :: ['GM-CSF']


abstract: To prospectively assess the role of @entity3452 ( @entity3452 ) as a risk factor for @entity301 , the serum @entity3452 concentration was determined in 130 subjects without coronary events and in 138 @entity1 in whom coronary events (i.e. fatal and non-fatal @entity583 and @entity204 ) occurred during the 5-year Helsinki Heart Study. The @entity1 of this study (n = 4081) were 40-55-year-old @entity1 who were devoid of @entity301 at the beginning of the trial; half were randomized to @entity8445 and the other half to placebo treatment. In @entity1 with coronary events blood pressure and total @entity165 were not significant predictors of the events but their LDL @entity165 was higher than compared to the control group in this cohort (P less than 0.05). The serum @entity3452 concentration was determined by immunoassay from samples obtained 3 months after the beginning of the trial and then stored at -20 degrees C until analysed. Studies on the effect of long term storage at -20 degrees C on serum @entity3452 levels did not reveal significant changes in @entity3452 concentration in sera stored for up to 8.5 years. The distribution of @entity3452 concentrations were similar in the @entity1 with coronary events and the controls. Nor did the mean or median levels of @entity3452 differ significantly between the two groups. Measurements of @entity3452 levels in fresh samples using 2 different immunoassays did not reveal any significant difference between the @entity1 who had survived a @entity583 or @entity1 without @entity299 . Thus, we conclude that in the Helsinki Heart Study cohort the serum @entity3452 level was not a predictor of future coronary events.

title: Lipoprotein (a) and XXXX risk: a nested case-control study of the Helsinki Heart Study @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary heart disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac events']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac death']

entities_list: @entity8445 :: ('MESH:D015248', 'Chemical') :: ['gemfibrozil']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity301 :: (MESH:D003327,Disease) :: ['coronary heart disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Prevention or reversal of peritoneal damage is critical in peritoneal dialysis. Although autologous cell transplantation has beneficial effects on tissue repair in various organs, few studies have investigated the effects of transplantation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs) on peritoneal @entity82 (PF). Thus, we examined the mechanism of facilitated peritoneal reconstruction induced by ASC transplantation on @entity5164 (CG)-induced PF in @entity35 . METHODS: To induce PF in @entity35 , continuous-infusion pumps containing 8  % CG were placed in the abdominal cavity for 21  days. The pumps were removed on day 22 and ASCs were immediately injected into the peritoneal cavity. Morphological alterations and mRNA expression levels of @entity82 -related factors were examined on days 29 and 35. RESULTS: ASC transplantation significantly facilitated peritoneal repair. mRNA expression of @entity5 @entity39 factor-a, @entity3426 , @entity657 , and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers such as Snail and a-smooth muscle actin were suppressed, whereas that of @entity6667 ( @entity6667 ) and platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB) were overexpressed after ASC transplantation. Immunofluorescence indicated that some transplanted ASCs expressed @entity6667 and PDGF-BB and differentiated into vascular cells. CONCLUSIONS: ASC transplantation facilitates peritoneal repair by suppressing EMT and modulating @entity32 and angiogenesis during the early phase of tissue repair in experimental PF.

title: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells transplantation facilitate experimental peritoneal XXXX repair by suppressing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity657 :: ('24770(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['monocyte chemotactic protein-1']

entities_list: @entity6667 :: ('83785(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity5164 :: ('MESH:C010882', 'Chemical') :: ['chlorhexidine gluconate']

answer: @entity82 :: (MESH:D005355,Disease) :: ['fibrosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Compared with @entity1 , @entity1 have poorer lipid control. Although potential causes of this disparity have been explored, it is unknown whether @entity1 -centered factors such as satisfaction and confidence contribute. We evaluated (1) whether satisfaction with lipid control and confidence in ability to improve it vary by gender and (2) whether sociodemographic characteristics modify the association. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We evaluated baseline survey responses from the Cardiovascular Intervention Improvement Telemedicine Study, including self-rated satisfaction with @entity165 levels and confidence in controlling @entity165 . @entity1 had poorly controlled @entity101 and/or @entity1007 . RESULTS: A total of 428 veterans (15% @entity1 ) participated. Compared with @entity1 , @entity1 had higher low-density lipoprotein values at 141.2 versus 121.7   mg/dL, respectively (p   <   0.05), higher health literacy, and were less likely to have someone to help track their medications (all p   <   0.05). In an adjusted model, @entity1 were less satisfied with their @entity165 levels than @entity1 with estimated mean scores of 4.3 versus 5.6 on a 1-10 Likert scale (p   <   0.05). There was no significant difference in confidence by gender. @entity1 with support for tracking medications reported higher confidence levels than those without, estimated mean 7.8 versus 7.2 (p   <   0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity1 veterans at high risk for @entity65 were less satisfied with their lipid control than @entity1 ; however, confidence in ability to improve lipid levels was similar. Veterans without someone to help to track medications were less confident, and @entity1 were less likely to have this type of social support. Lack of social support for medication tracking may be a factor in lingering gender-based disparities in @entity407 .

title: Impact of Gender on Satisfaction and Confidence in @entity165 Control Among Veterans at Risk for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patient', 'Women', 'Participants', 'men']

entities_list: @entity407 :: ('MESH:D006949', 'Disease') :: ['hyperlipidemia']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular disease']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['Cardiovascular Disease']


abstract: The drug-loaded composite electrospun nanofiber has attracted more attention in biomedical field, especially in @entity5 therapy. In this study, a composite nanofiber was fabricated by electrospinning for @entity5 treatment. Firstly, the @entity505 nanotubes (CNTs) were selected as carriers to load the anticancer drug- @entity632 (DOX) @entity5209 . Secondly, the DOX-loaded CNTs (DOX@CNTs) were incorporated into the @entity7050 ( @entity7050 ) nanofibers via electrospinning. Finally, a new drug-loaded nanofibrous scaffold ( @entity7050 /DOX@CNTs) was formed. The properties of the prepared composite nanofibrous mats were characterized by various techniques. The release profiles of the different DOX-loaded nanofibers were measured, and the in vitro antitumor efficacy against HeLa cells was also evaluated. The results showed that DOX-loaded CNTs can be readily incorporated into the nanofibers with relatively uniform distribution within the nanofibers. More importantly, the drug from the composite nanofibers can be released in a sustained and prolonged manner, and thereby, a significant antitumor efficacy in vitro is obtained. Thus, the prepared composite nanofibrous mats are a promising alternative for @entity5 treatment.

title: Antitumor Activity of @entity632 -Loaded XXXX Nanotubes Incorporated @entity7050 Electrospun Composite Nanofibers.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity7050 :: ('MESH:C043435', 'Chemical') :: ['PLGA', 'poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)']

entities_list: @entity5209 :: ('CHEBI:36807', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrochloride']

answer: @entity505 :: (MESH:D002244,Chemical) :: ['Carbon']


abstract: Between 10  % and 30  % of the population report chronic @entity158 . More than half of these also have sleep complaints. From considering these data, it can be inferred there is a significant overlapping between these conditions. @entity4531 /Willis-Ekbom Disease (RLS/WED) is characterized by complaints of an "urge to move" frequently associated with @entity809 . From that perspective, these sensations can also have painful characteristics. By the same token, the presence of comorbid diseases as predicted by a higher prevalence RLS/WED, have many of them with @entity158 as an important complaint. @entity158 is a multidimensional response involving several levels of expression ranging from somatosensory to emotional. The potential shared mechanisms between RLS/WED and @entity158 may involve @entity1949 /fragmentation effect, inducing an increase in markers of @entity32 and reduction in @entity158 thresholds. These are modulated by several different settings of neurotransmitters with a huge @entity409 . A thorough comprehension of these mechanisms is of utmost importance for the correct approach and treatment choices.

title: XXXX and pain disorders: what's in common?

entities_list: @entity1949 :: ('MESH:D012892', 'Disease') :: ['sleep deprivation']

entities_list: @entity809 :: ('MESH:D010292', 'Disease') :: ['dysesthesias']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['participation of monoaminergic dysfunctional circuits']

entities_list: @entity4531 :: ('MESH:D012148', 'Disease') :: ['Restless Legs Syndrome']

answer: @entity4531 :: (MESH:D012148,Disease) :: ['Restless legs syndrome']


abstract: @entity11 are a prominent target for @entity5 gene therapy approaches because of their poor prognosis despite all currently available therapies. Gene therapy strategies developed to interfere with the normal function of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors have been successfully used in different experimental models to @entity5 angiogenesis and to inhibit @entity5 growth. In this study we examined whether retroviruses encoding a mutant @entity12186 ( @entity12186 ) could suppress @entity5 angiogenesis and thereby prolong the survival of @entity35 bearing syngeneic intracerebral @entity5 . Survival time of @entity35 with @entity5 was significantly prolonged in a dose-dependent manner when retroviruses carrying a @entity12186 mutant were cotransplanted with @entity5 cells. No effect on survival was observed in @entity35 that received virus-producing cells or virus supernatant intracerebrally after 5 days of @entity5 injection. In established subcutaneous @entity5 treatment with multiple injections of virus-producing cells also inhibited @entity5 growth in a dose-dependent manner. After implantation of @entity5 cells stably transfected with a truncated form of @entity12186 , @entity35 exhibited a rate of survival similar to that of animals treated with high numbers of virus-producing cells encoding the truncated form of @entity12186 . Morphologically, @entity5 showed signs of @entity73 , such as extensive @entity39 and reduced @entity5 vascular density. These results suggest a dual mode of function of truncated @entity12186 , namely dominant-negative inhibition of @entity12186 function and @entity6667 depletion by receptor binding. We further explored the safety of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. Although virus sequences were found in different tissues after intracerebral injection of virus-producing cells, no morphological changes were observed in any tissue after a follow-up time of 6 months. Our results indicate that @entity12186 inhibition is useful for the treatment of @entity11 .

title: Antiangiogenic gene therapy in a XXXX @entity11 model using a dominant-negative vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2.

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors', 'cancer', 'block tumor', 'intracerebral tumors', 'glioma tumors']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired angiogenesis']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['Malignant gliomas', 'malignant gliomas']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Repeated experience of withdrawal from @entity167 results in a kindling-like process leading to increased likelihood and severity of @entity410 during detoxification. The aim of this study was to determine whether repeated withdrawals affect cognitive function. METHODS: We investigated @entity988 @entity1 undergoing detoxification in an inpatient setting, using tasks sensitive to dysfunction of prefrontal areas. The tasks applied were two maze tasks from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for @entity1 , the color Stroop task, and the vigilance task for adults and the delay task from the Gordon Diagnostic System. Forty-two abstinent @entity988 @entity1 who were no longer receiving pharmacotherapy for detoxification participated. RESULTS: Compared to a group of forty-three social drinkers matched for age, sex, and verbal IQ, the @entity988 @entity1 took more time to complete maze 1 and made more errors in both mazes. Alcoholics made more commission errors and gave fewer correct answers in the vigilance task. No differences were found in the color Stroop task between @entity988 @entity1 and social drinkers. @entity1 with 2 or more @entity10518 were more impaired in the maze 1, in the vigilance task and in the delay task than @entity1 with a single, or no previous detoxification. When @entity1 were reclassified on the basis of the total number of attempts at withdrawing from @entity167 (including the medically supervised) only the deficit in the vigilance task was associated with the number of withdrawal attempts. The effects of medically supervised @entity10518 on maze 1 and vigilance task were confounded with other factors related to the history of @entity988 , @entity167 use, age of starting heavy drinking and years of problem drinking. CONCLUSIONS: Repeated experience of withdrawal from @entity167 is thus associated with @entity73 although it appears that for some of these effects, other factors associated with the history of @entity988 might also be involved.

title: @entity73 after multiple @entity10518 in XXXX inpatients.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsions']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity988 :: ('MESH:D000437', 'Disease') :: ['alcoholism', 'alcoholic']

entities_list: @entity10518 :: ('MESH:C565043', 'Disease') :: ['detoxifications']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['impaired cognitive function']

answer: @entity988 :: (MESH:D000437,Disease) :: ['alcoholic']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of pre-operative intravitreal bevacizumab injection on the rate of postoperative @entity548 in @entity1 undergoing vitrectomy for complications of @entity6 . METHODS: Consecutive retrospective comparative cohort study. Forty eyes of 37 @entity1 who received pre-operative intravitreal bevacizumab 1.25  mg were compared to a similar group of 44 eyes of 44 @entity1 who had undergone vitrectomy surgery prior to the availability and widespread use of pre-operative intravitreal bevacizumab. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of post-vitrectomy @entity548 at one week after surgery. Secondary outcome measures included are postoperative @entity548 at one month and changes in the best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA). For statistical analysis, the paired Student's t-test and @entity16043 's exact test were used. RESULTS: Four out of 40 eyes (10%) pretreated with intravitreal bevacizumab vs. 12 of 44 eyes (27%) not pretreated with intravitreal bevacizumab had a clinically significant postoperative @entity548 at one week. The mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in bevacizumab group improved from a mean of hand motions to a mean of 20/300 at 1 month (range: 20/25-light perception; p  <  .001) and mean BCVA in the non-injected group improved from preoperative mean of hand motion to 20/200 at one month follow-up (range: 20/25-no light perception; p  <  .001). In both groups, 4 @entity1 (12%) needed repeat vitrectomy. CONCLUSION: There is a trend to reduced incidence of early post-vitrectomy @entity548 in @entity1 undergoing vitrectomy for complications of @entity6 that have been pre-treated with intravitreal bevacizumab 1  week prior to surgery.

title: The adjunctive use of pre-operative intravitreal bevacizumab in the setting of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['proliferative diabetic retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage', 'vitreous hemorrhage']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['proliferative diabetic retinopathy']


abstract: Therasorb immunoadsorption (IA), by selectively eliminating pathogenic substances from the circulation, allows for successful therapy of previously insufficiently treatable diseases. Molecules (specific polyclonal sheep antibodies) coupled to a matrix (Sepharose CL 4B) selectively bind plasma components in extracorporeal circulation. This procedure has been established in the treatment of @entity66 . Examples are @entity753 (LDL-Therasorb) and selected @entity792 (Ig-Therasorb). Ig-Therasorb IA has been performed in a variety of clinical indications, primarily in the treatment of @entity792 . In most cases, Ig-Therasorb IA has been applied in @entity1 who have failed to respond to conventional therapy with a high rate of clinical improvement. In defined groups of @entity1 with @entity792 and alloantibodies, immunoadsorption can now be considered an established therapeutic means. The fast and efficient removal of immunoglobulins obviously exceeds the efficiency of conventional plasma exchange by far. @entity792 could be induced by balanced and nonbalanced immunity. The importance of autoantibodies remains unclear, but the efficacy of Ig-Therasorb IA suggests a key role for them. In addition to the established indications for removal of immunoglobulins, there may be a number of promising new indications.

title: Ig-Therasorb immunoadsorption for selective removal of XXXX immunoglobulins in diseases associated with pathogenic antibodies of all classes and IgG subclasses, immune complexes, and fragments of immunoglobulins.

entities_list: @entity753 :: ('OMIM:143890', 'Disease') :: ['familial hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['various diseases']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune diseases', 'Autoimmune diseases']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that angiographically complex coronary stenoses are associated with an adverse short-term outcome. It is not known, however, if this applies to unstable @entity951 @entity1 who stabilize on medical therapy. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively studied 85 consecutive @entity1 with unstable @entity951 who stabilized on medical therapy but were found to require angioplasty for treatment of obstructive @entity301 . Angiography was carried out at admission, and @entity1 were restudied 8 +/- 4 months (mean +/- SD) after the first angiogram. @entity63 -related stenoses were identified and classified as "complex" (irregular borders, overhanging edges, or @entity715 ) or "smooth" (absence of complex features). @entity850 progression (> or = 20% diameter reduction or new total occlusion) was assessed by automated edge detection. At initial angiography, there were 198 stenoses (> or = 50%, 102), of which 85 (54 complex and 31 smooth) were @entity63 related. At restudy, 21 @entity63 -related stenoses and 8 non- @entity63 -related stenoses progressed (25% versus 7%, P = .001). Seventeen of the 21 @entity63 -related stenoses that progressed developed into total occlusion compared with 3 of the 8 non- @entity63 -related stenoses (P = .02). Changes in average @entity850 severity and in absolute @entity850 diameter were significantly larger in @entity63 -related stenoses than in non- @entity63 -related stenoses (P = .03). Eighteen (34%) complex stenoses progressed, compared with 3 (10%) smooth lesions (P = .02). During follow-up, 1 @entity1 died ( @entity583 ) and 25 @entity1 had nonfatal coronary events that were associated with progression of @entity63 -related stenoses in 14 (56%). CONCLUSIONS: In unstable @entity951 @entity1 who stabilize medically, subsequent short-term @entity850 progression and coronary events are common. The unstable coronary lesion (particularly complex stenoses) is often not stabilized and will continue to progress over the ensuing months.

title: Angiographic @entity850 progression and coronary events in XXXX with 'stabilized' unstable @entity951 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemia', 'ischemia']

entities_list: @entity301 :: ('MESH:D003327', 'Disease') :: ['coronary disease']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['Stenosis', 'stenosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: About one-half of @entity1 with profound @entity2319 have an autosomal recessive or autosomal dominant @entity74 . The X-linked inherited types of @entity2319 are rare. About one out of three profoundly deaf @entity1 has an autosomal recessive form of @entity74 . At sometime during their life a syndromal diagnosis can be made in one out of four cases with an autosomal recessive form of @entity2319 . Therefore in about 25% of all the @entity1 with profound @entity2319 , a nonsyndromal autosomal recessive type of @entity74 will be involved. It is still not clear how many different genes are responsible for this. The more severe the @entity2319 in a @entity1 , the greater the chance that an autosomal recessive etiology is involved. The autosomal dominant inherited types of @entity2319 are significantly more frequent in cases where the @entity393 in the best ear is less than 80-90 db. About one-half of the autosomal dominant inherited cases show a classical @entity2319 based on clinical features. In the other half, some audiometrically recognizable types of @entity2319 can be diagnosed after an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance has been established. Additional genetic knowledge based on gene-linkage studies is needed to provide better tools for the more accurate diagnosis of genetic etiology in a profoundly deaf @entity1 . Adequate pedigrees are quite rare and such pedigrees are expected to become even more scarce as a result of a diminishing ratio of consanguineous marriages. It is necessary to start gene-linkage studies in these existing pedigrees to trace the genes responsible for this nonsyndromal type of profound @entity74 in childhood.

title: Nonsyndromal profound XXXX in childhood.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'child']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic deafness', 'inherited type of deafness', 'inherited deafness']

entities_list: @entity2319 :: ('MESH:D003638', 'Disease') :: ['deafness', 'syndromal type of deafness']

answer: @entity74 :: (MESH:D030342,Disease) :: ['genetic deafness']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To analyse the progress in the management of severe @entity8 (Chatelain stage 3 and 4) over a period of 11 years. @entity1 AND METHODS: From December 1989 to June 2001, 21 @entity1 were treated for severe @entity8 . Up until 1995, all @entity1 were operated urgently or on the 7th day (n = 12). After 1995, @entity1 were operated (n = 3) or managed nonoperatively (n = 6). We retrospectively studied the age, gender, type of @entity130 (open, closed), associated lesions, radiological assessment performed, treatment and complications. RESULTS: 20 males and 1 female with a mean age of 30.3 years were managed for severe @entity8 (17 stage 3 and 4 stage 4; 20 cases of closed @entity130 , 1 case of open @entity130 ). The radiological assessment comprised ultrasound (13 cases), abdominopelvic CT (19 cases) and IVU (4 cases). Thirteen @entity1 presented with @entity1230 with associated visceral (8 cases), bone (7 cases), or mixed (3 cases) lesions. Six @entity1 were managed nonoperatively and 15 @entity1 were operated: 6 urgently (4 total nephrectomies), 9 on the average of the 7th day (conservative treatment). Five @entity1 developed long-term complications (4 cases of @entity8 , 1 @entity9007 ). The median follow-up was 13.5 months. CONCLUSION: The current approach to stage 3 @entity8 tends to be surveillance and nonsurgical management (carefully selected, haemodynamically stable @entity1 ). Vascular repair before the 5th hour is recommended for stage 4 @entity130 . Cases of delayed diagnosis of arterial @entity715 are monitored.

title: [Management of severe XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal atrophy', 'renal trauma']

entities_list: @entity1230 :: ('MESH:D009104', 'Disease') :: ['multiple injuries']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['urohaematic pseudocyst']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thromboses']

answer: @entity8 :: (MESH:D007674,Disease) :: ['renal trauma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity1 with @entity174 femur experience severe @entity158 on movement during positioning for spinal anaesthesia. Fascia Iliaca Compartment Block (FICB) has been used effectively for providing @entity1337 during positioning of the @entity1 for spinal anaesthesia. AIM: To test the hypothesis that, adding @entity619 would significantly prolong the duration of @entity1341 in FICB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty @entity1 aged 18 to 80 years posted for ORIF (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation) of @entity174 femur were included to receive FICB. This was a prospective, randomized, double blind study done at tertiary medical college hospital. Thirty @entity1 received 38ml of 0.25 % @entity1341 with 2ml saline and another 30 @entity1 received 38ml of 0.25 % @entity1341 with 2ml @entity619 (8mg). Thirty minutes after FICB, @entity1 satisfaction during positioning for spinal anesthesia was recorded. In the post-operative period, duration of @entity1337 and the total doses of rescue analgesics were recorded in both the groups. RESULTS: @entity1 who received @entity1341 with @entity619 had significant prolongation of @entity1337 and required fewer doses of rescue analgesics as compared to @entity1 who received @entity1341 alone for FICB. However, the onset of @entity1337 , VAS scores and @entity1 satisfaction during positioning for spinal anaesthesia were similar in both groups. CONCLUSION: Our study shows that adding @entity619 (8mg) to @entity1341 for FICB significantly prolonged the duration of block and decreased the requirement of rescue analgesics as compared to @entity1 who received @entity1341 alone. FICB is relatively easy and safe to perform. In our study we did not encounter any complication while doing the procedures and also by adding @entity619 .

title: XXXX as an additive to @entity1341 in fascia lliaca compartment block: a prospective, randomized and double blind study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity619 :: ('MESH:D003907', 'Chemical') :: ['Dexamethasone', 'dexamethasone']

entities_list: @entity1341 :: ('MESH:D002045', 'Chemical') :: ['bupivacaine', 'Bupivacaine']

answer: @entity619 :: (MESH:D003907,Chemical) :: ['Dexamethasone']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Active smoking has been linked to @entity6 ( @entity6 ) but only few recent studies have shown environmental @entity286 smoke (ETS) to be associated with @entity3918 in never-smokers. We assessed the association between long term ETS exposure and @entity3918 , and explored effect modifications of this association in our sample. METHODS: We analysed 6392 @entity1 of the Swiss study on air pollution and lung and @entity299 in adults (SAPALDIA). We used mixed logistic regression models to assess the cross-sectional association between ETS and @entity3918 . Selected variables were tested for effect modification and several sensitivity analyses were performed, mostly treating @entity1 ' study area as a random effect. RESULTS: The prevalence of @entity3918 and ETS in the sample was 5.5% and 47% respectively. There were 2779 never-smokers with 4% @entity6 prevalence. Exposure to ETS increased risk of @entity3918 in never-smokers by 50% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 2.26], and we observed a positive dose-response relationship between ETS exposure level and @entity3918 in never-smokers. Associations were strengthened (more than three-folds) by older age and @entity1030 , and were stronger in post-menopausal, @entity28 , hypertriglyceridaemic and physically inactive @entity1 . Estimates of association were robust across all sensitivity analyses (including inverse probability weighting for participation bias and fixed-effect analysis for study area). ETS had no substantial associations in current and ex-smokers in our study. CONCLUSIONS: We found a positive association between ETS exposure and @entity3918 in never smokers. Additional longitudinal studies involving biomarkers are needed to further explore underlying mechanisms and susceptibilities.

title: Environmental XXXX smoke exposure and @entity6 in adult never-smokers.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes', 'T2DM', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart diseases']

answer: @entity286 :: (4097,Species) :: ['tobacco']


abstract: E2F regulation is essential for normal cell cycle progression. Therefore, it is not surprising that @entity957 cell lines (SCC) overexpress @entity16262 and exhibit deregulated E2F activity when compared with normal keratinocytes. Indeed, deliberate @entity16262 deregulation has been shown to induce @entity1373 and @entity1489 formation. In this study, we report on a dual role for E2F as a mediator of keratinocyte proliferation and modulator of squamous differentiation. Overexpression of E2F isoforms in confluent primary keratinocyte cultures resulted in suppression of differentiation-associated markers. Moreover, we found that the DNA binding domain and the trans-activation domain of @entity16262 are important in mediating suppression of differentiation. Use of a dominant/negative form of @entity16262 (E2F d/n) found that E2F inhibition alone is sufficient to suppress the activity of proliferation-associated markers but is not capable of inducing differentiation markers. However, if the E2F d/n is expressed in differentiated keratinocytes, differentiation marker activity is further induced, suggesting that E2F may act as a modulator of squamous differentiation. We therefore examined the effects of E2F d/n in a differentiation-insensitive SCC cell line. We found that treatment with the differentiating agent, @entity864 ( @entity865 ), or expression of E2F d/n alone had no effect on differentiation markers. However, a combination of E2F d/n + @entity865 induced the expression of differentiation markers. Combined, these data indicate that E2F may play a key role in keratinocyte differentiation. These data also illustrate the unique potential of anti-E2F therapies in arresting proliferation and inducing differentiation of SCCs.

title: E2F modulates keratinocyte squamous differentiation: implications for E2F inhibition in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1489 :: ('MESH:D012878', 'Disease') :: ['skin tumor']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity864 :: ('MESH:C554292|MESH:D013755', 'Chemical') :: ['12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: Three conserved @entity2228 residues in the reactive @entity1432 region of @entity4328 discoideummyosin II were replaced by @entity493 residues. The resulting mutants @entity66369 , @entity66370 , and @entity66371 were expressed in the soluble myosin head fragment M761-2R [Anson, M., Geeves, M. A., Kurzawa, S. E., and Manstein, D. J. (1996) EMBO J. 15, 6069-6074] and characterized using transient kinetic methods. Mutant @entity66371 showed no major alterations except for a marked increase in basal @entity1025 -ATPase activity. @entity1391 release seemed to be facilitated by this mutation, and the addition of actin to @entity66371 stimulated @entity855 turnover not more than 3-fold. In comparison to M761-2R, mutant constructs @entity66371 and @entity66370 showed a 4-fold reduction in the rate of the @entity855 cleavage step. Most other changes in the kinetic properties of @entity66370 were small ( approximately 2-fold). In contrast, substitution of G680 by an @entity493 residue led to large changes in @entity377 binding. Compared to M761-2R, rates of @entity377 binding were 20-30-fold slower and the affinity for @entity66372 was approximately 10-fold increased due to a 200-fold reduction in the dissociation rate constant of @entity66372 . The @entity855 -induced dissociation of actin from the acto.680A complex was normal, but the communication between @entity857 and actin binding was altered such that the two sites are thermodynamically uncoupled but kinetically actin still accelerates @entity857 release.

title: Kinetic analysis of @entity4328 myosin motor domains with @entity2228 -to- XXXX mutations in the reactive @entity1432 region.

entities_list: @entity2228 :: ('CHEBI:57305', 'Chemical') :: ['glycine']

entities_list: @entity377 :: ('CHEBI:36976', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleotide']

entities_list: @entity4328 :: ('44689', 'Species') :: ['Dictyostelium']

entities_list: @entity1391 :: ('CHEBI:26020', 'Chemical') :: ['Phosphate']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

answer: @entity493 :: (CHEBI:16449,Chemical) :: ['alanine']


abstract: This article describes some types of growth in @entity15037 ( @entity15037 ) on magnetic resonance images (MRI). This @entity5 is almost exclusively associated with @entity1265 . On MRI, the @entity5 is depicted as a hyperintensive area on T2-weighted images. We distinguished 3 patterns of @entity5 growth: first, the superficial and non-invasive @entity5 , that are restricted to the @entity2321 and subcutis, only eventually having outgrowth to the muscles beneath and are slow growing. Second, the displacing @entity15037 that develop in @entity272 or within the body. They can grow to a large extent but do not invade adjacent muscles or skin. Thirdly, the invasive type with no visible margins that cannot be resected without adjacent structures or organs. A combination of these @entity5 can sometimes be noted, e.g. a displacing tumorous nerve developing in a large lumpy, non-invasive @entity15037 . These categories might be used as a current guideline for medical advice, surgical treatment planning and medication trials.

title: Growth type of XXXX in @entity1265 determined on magnetic resonance images.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity15037 :: ('MESH:D018318', 'Disease') :: ['PNF', 'plexiform neurofibroma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['deeper layers of the skin']

answer: @entity15037 :: (MESH:D018318,Disease) :: ['plexiform neurofibromas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Despite systemic exposure to risk factors, the circulatory system develops varying patterns of @entity731 for unclear reasons. In a porcine model, we investigated the relationship between site-specific lesion development and inflammatory pathways involved in the coronary arteries (CORs) and distal abdominal aortas (AAs). METHODS AND RESULTS: @entity6 ( @entity6 ) and @entity1007 ( @entity1007 ) were induced in 37 @entity1707 with 3 healthy controls. Site-specific plaque development was studied by comparing plaque severity, macrophage infiltration, and inflammatory gene expression between CORs and AAs of 17 @entity6 / @entity1007 @entity1707 . To assess the role of @entity66058 ( @entity66058 ) in plaque development, 20 @entity6 / @entity1007 @entity1707 were treated with the @entity66058 inhibitor @entity22311 and compared with the 17 @entity6 / @entity1007 untreated @entity1707 . @entity6 / @entity1007 caused site-specific differences in plaque severity. In the AAs, normalized plaque area was 4.4-fold higher (P<0.001) and there were more @entity1856 (9 of the 17 animals had a @entity1856 in the AA and not the COR, P=0.004), while normalized macrophage staining area was 1.5-fold higher (P=0.011) compared with CORs. @entity6 / @entity1007 caused differential expression of 8 of 87 @entity731 genes studied, including 3 important in @entity32 with higher expression in the CORs. @entity22311 -induced attenuation of normalized plaque area was site-specific, as CORs responded 2.9-fold more than AAs (P=0.045). CONCLUSIONS: While plaque severity was worse in the AAs, inflammatory genes and inflammatory pathways that use @entity66058 were more important in the CORs. Our results suggest fundamental differences in @entity32 between vascular sites, an important finding for the development of novel anti-inflammatory therapeutics.

title: XXXX varies between vascular sites and correlates with response to inhibition of @entity66058 .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity22311 :: ('MESH:C529040', 'Chemical') :: ['Darapladib', 'darapladib']

entities_list: @entity1007 :: ('MESH:D006937', 'Disease') :: ['HC', 'hypercholesterolemia']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['Diabetes mellitus', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity66058 :: ('396593(Tax:9823)', 'Gene') :: ['lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2', 'Lp-PLA2']

entities_list: @entity1856 :: ('MESH:D058226', 'Disease') :: ['fibroatheroma', 'fibroatheromas']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerotic', 'atherosclerosis']

answer: @entity731 :: (MESH:D050197,Disease) :: ['Atherosclerotic plaque inflammation']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2360 associated with severe @entity409 is effectively cured by orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). However, there are also anecdotal reports of improved or resolved @entity16 after OLT in @entity1 with stable or normal liver function. Side effects with conventional chelating agents are common, and it has been suggested that OLT should be considered in @entity1 with severe progressive @entity16 . However, the decision to apply this therapeutic modality to a subgroup of @entity1 without significant @entity409 is a quality-of-life issue. METHODS: Long-term follow-up and quality-of-life data were obtained prospectively for 24 @entity1 who underwent OLT between 1988 and 2000 for @entity2360 associated with severe @entity409 . In long-term survivors, quality of life was assessed using the 36-Item Short Form 36 Health Survey Questionnaire. RESULTS: One @entity1 who had @entity177 before OLT died within 24 hr of surgery and two @entity1 died within 1 year because of immunosuppressant-related complications. There have been no deaths or graft loss in @entity1 who have undergone transplantation since 1994, and after a median follow-up of 92 months, all survivors have satisfactory graft function (5-year @entity1 and graft survival, 87.5%), with quality-of-life scores (assessed in 86% of survivors) comparable to age- and sex-matched controls from the general population. CONCLUSIONS: The authors' results suggest that liver transplantation can be safely performed in @entity1 with @entity2360 , with excellent long-term results and quality of life. Further study of the utility of liver transplantation in the management of @entity1 with severe @entity16 is justified.

title: Liver transplantation for XXXX : long-term results and quality-of-life assessment.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurologic symptoms']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver disease']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['multiorgan failure']

entities_list: @entity2360 :: ('MESH:D006527', 'Disease') :: ["Wilson's disease"]

answer: @entity2360 :: (MESH:D006527,Disease) :: ['Wilson's disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hyperbaric @entity26 therapy (HBO) has promise as a treatment for @entity64 . This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of using HBO in acute @entity385 . METHODS: We conducted a randomized, prospective, double-blind, sham-controlled pilot study of 33 @entity1 presenting with acute @entity385 who did not receive thrombolytics over a 24-month period. @entity1 were randomized to treatment for 60 minutes in a monoplace hyperbaric chamber pressurized with 100% O2 to 2.5-atm absolute (ATA) in the HBO group or 1.14 ATA in the sham group. Primary outcomes measured included percentage of @entity1 with improvement at 24 hours (National Institutes of Health @entity64 Scale [NIHSS]) and 90 days (NIHSS, Barthel Index, modified Rankin Scale, Glasgow Outcome Scale). Secondary measurements included complications of treatment and mortality at 90 days. RESULTS: Baseline demographics were similar in both groups. There were no differences between the groups at 24 hours (P=0.44). At 3 months, however, a larger percentage of the sham @entity1 had a good outcome defined by their @entity64 scores compared with the HBO group (NIHSS, 80% versus 31.3%; P=0.04; Barthel Index, 81.8% versus 50%; P=0.12; modified Rankin Scale, 81.8% versus 31.3%; P=0.02; Glasgow Outcome Scale, 90.9% versus 37.5%; P=0.01) with loss of statistical significance in a intent-to-treat analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Although our HBO protocol appears feasible and safe, it does not appear to be beneficial and may be harmful in @entity1 with acute @entity385 .

title: Hyperbaric XXXX therapy in acute @entity385 : results of the Hyperbaric @entity26 in Acute @entity385 Trial Pilot Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'acute stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: PURPOSE OF REVIEW: @entity1200 , @entity12010 , @entity7017 , @entity1112 is a fatal syndrome of overwhelming @entity792 . Recent identification of @entity3744 as the causative gene and realization that this same gene defect occurs in the mutant @entity19 @entity3744 has yielded new insights and hopes of unraveling the mechanism of @entity792 in this and possibly other diseases. In this review, we describe the clinical features of @entity1200 , @entity12010 , @entity7017 , @entity1112 / @entity3744 and compare this phenotype with similar syndromes caused by other single gene mutations. We examine therapeutic options to treat the syndrome, study its immunologic basis, and investigate the structure and function of the @entity3744 protein. RECENT FINDINGS: The @entity3744 mutant @entity19 has a characteristic phenotype that causes death by approximately 3 weeks of age. It is known that the effector cells in the @entity3744 @entity19 are CD4+ T cells and that a population of normal T cells can control the overwhelming @entity792 that they induce. Recent data have demonstrated that this process requires antigenic stimulation and that the degree to which the immune system responds is inversely proportional to the level of @entity3744 protein ( @entity3744 ) expression in peripheral T cells. Suppression of immune activation by @entity3744 may occur due to its ability to bind to DNA through a putative forkhead DNA-binding motif and to repress transcriptional activation from certain promoters in T cells. SUMMARY: Because of the dramatic phenotype and rapidity of onset, @entity1200 , @entity12010 , @entity7017 , @entity1112 and @entity3744 provide a powerful model in which to study mechanisms of T cell regulation. A more complete understanding of this syndrome will provide important insights into mechanisms of immune suppression, tolerance, and @entity792 .

title: @entity1200 , @entity12010 , XXXX , @entity1112 : a model of @entity1200 .

entities_list: @entity1112 :: ('MESH:D040181', 'Disease') :: ['X-linked syndrome']

entities_list: @entity7017 :: ('MESH:C538273', 'Disease') :: ['enteropathy']

entities_list: @entity1200 :: ('MESH:D007154', 'Disease') :: ['Immune dysregulation', 'immune dysregulation']

entities_list: @entity12010 :: ('MESH:D016884', 'Disease') :: ['polyendocrinopathy']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity']

answer: @entity7017 :: (MESH:C538273,Disease) :: ['enteropathy']


abstract: In the nervous system within physiological conditions, @entity842 (NO) production depends on the activity of @entity842 synthases (NOSs), and particularly on the expression of the neuronal isoform ( @entity5612 ). In the sensory systems, the role of NO is poorly understood. In this study, we identified @entity5612 -positive cells in the inner nuclear layer (INL) of the @entity35 retina, with distinct characteristics such as somata size, immunolabeling level and location. Employing mathematical cluster analysis, we determined that @entity5612 amacrine cells are formed by two distinct populations. We next investigated the molecular identity of these cells, which did not show colocalization with calbindin (CB), @entity1877 acetyltransferase ( @entity4268 ), parvalbumin (PV) or @entity7131 ( @entity7131 ), and only partial colocalization with calretinin (CR), revealing the accumulation of @entity5612 in specific amacrine cell populations. To access the functional, circuitry-related roles of these cells, we performed experiments after adaptation to different ambient light conditions. After 24h of dark-adaptation, we detected a subtle, yet statistically significant decrease in @entity5612 transcript levels, which returned to steady-state levels after 24h of normal light-dark cycle, revealing that @entity5612 expression is governed by ambient light conditions. Employing electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), we demonstrated that dark-adaptation decreases NO production in the retina. Furthermore, @entity5612 accumulation changed in the dark-adapted retinas, with a general reduction in the inner plexiform layer. Finally, computational analysis based on clustering techniques revealed that dark-adaptation differently affected both types of @entity5612 -positive amacrine cells. Taken together, our data disclosed functional regulation of @entity5612 expression and activity, disclosing new circuitry-related roles of @entity5612 -positive cells. More importantly, this study indicated unsuspected roles for NO in the sensory systems, particularly related to adaptation to ambient demands.

title: Functional regulation of neuronal @entity842 synthase expression and activity in the XXXX retina.

entities_list: @entity7131 :: ('MESH:D020151', 'Disease') :: ['protein kinase C', 'PKC']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To assess the relationship between cigarette smoking during pregnancy and very preterm births, according to the main mechanisms of @entity600 . DESIGN: Case-control study (the French Epipage study). SETTING: Regionally defined population of births in France. POPULATION: Eight hundred and sixty-four very preterm live-born singletons (between 27 and 32 completed weeks of gestation) and 567 unmatched full-term controls. METHODS: Data from the French Epipage study were analysed using a polytomous logistic regression model to control for social and demographic characteristics, pre-pregnancy body mass index and obstetric history. The main mechanisms of @entity3152 were classified as gestational @entity101 , antepartum @entity548 , @entity397 of membranes, spontaneous @entity3152 and other miscellaneous mechanisms. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Odds ratios for @entity600 for low to moderate (1-9 cigarettes/day) and heavy (>/=10 cigarettes/day) maternal smoking in pregnancy, estimated according to the main mechanisms leading to @entity600 . RESULTS: Smokers were more likely to give birth to very preterm @entity1 than non-smokers [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-2.2]. Heavy smoking significantly reduced the risk of @entity600 due to gestational @entity101 (aOR 0.5, 95% CI 0.3-1.0), whereas both low to moderate and heavy smoking increased the risk of @entity600 due to all other mechanisms (aOR between 1.6 and 2.8). CONCLUSION: These data from the Epipage study show that maternal smoking during pregnancy is a risk factor for @entity600 . The impact of maternal smoking on @entity600 appears to be complex: it lowers the risk of @entity600 due to gestational @entity101 , but increases the risk of @entity600 due to other mechanisms. These findings might explain why maternal smoking is more closely related to @entity600 among multiparous @entity1 than among nulliparous @entity1 .

title: The complex relationship between smoking in pregnancy and very XXXX . Results of the Epipage study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'infants']

entities_list: @entity3152 :: ('MESH:D007752', 'Disease') :: ['preterm delivery', 'preterm labour']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity600 :: ('MESH:D000014', 'Disease') :: ['very preterm birth', 'preterm birth']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['premature rupture']

answer: @entity3152 :: (MESH:D007752,Disease) :: ['preterm delivery']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Harvest of more than one @entity2280 + stem cell transplant has become the standard, to ensure the option for a second autologous transplantation in @entity1 with relapsed or progressive @entity1582 ( @entity1582 ). Additional administration of the @entity436 inhibitor plerixafor has been shown to increase the efficiency of @entity2280 + stem cell harvest. However, the algorithm when to apply plerixafor is still under debate. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 46 @entity1582 @entity1 were categorized into four groups according to their @entity2280 + stem cell count in peripheral blood (PB) and mobilization with or without plerixafor: Group A comprised poor mobilizers with @entity2280 + cell counts of fewer than 20       10(6) /L in PB. Group B included inadequate mobilizers with @entity2280 + cell counts of 20       10(6) /L or more in PB and a low @entity2280 + stem cell yield in the first leukapheresis session. @entity1 receiving plerixafor preemptively (Group A1) and as a rescue strategy (Group B1) were compared to @entity1 continuing stem cell collection with granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor alone (Groups A2 and B2). RESULTS: In both, the preemptive and the rescue settings, plerixafor enhanced the @entity2280 + stem cell yield significantly. Poor mobilization and administration of plerixafor was not associated with delayed engraftment. CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrate that administration of plerixafor is safe and effective and facilitates a significantly higher @entity2280 + stem cell harvest. Based on the presented data, we propose an algorithm for the use of plerixafor for @entity2280 + stem cell mobilization and harvesting in poor mobilizing @entity1582 @entity1 .

title: Plerixafor is effective given either preemptively or as a rescue strategy in poor stem cell mobilizing @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1582 :: ('MESH:D009101', 'Disease') :: ['multiple myeloma', 'myeloma', 'MM']

answer: @entity1582 :: (MESH:D009101,Disease) :: ['multiple myeloma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to investigate contractile responses to @entity2232 in the presence or absence of selective blockers of @entity2231 or @entity1627 receptors in subcutaneous small resistance arteries of normotensive subjects and of @entity1 with essential @entity101 . METHODS: Twenty-four subjects (eight normotensives aged 50 +/- 4 years, and 16 with essential @entity101 aged 53 +/- 4 years) were included in the study. All subjects were submitted to a biopsy of the subcutaneous fat. Small resistance arteries (internal diameter 160-280 microm) were dissected and mounted on a micromyograph as a ring preparation (Mulvany's technique). The media-to-lumen ratio was calculated. A concentration-response curve to @entity2232 was then performed in the presence or absence of @entity13073 , (a selective blocker of @entity2231 receptors) or of @entity11345 , (a selective blocker of @entity1627 receptors). RESULTS: The media-to-lumen ratio was lower in normotensives compared with those subjects with essential @entity101 (0.08 +/- 0.02 vs. 0.12 +/- 0.05, p < 0.01). The vasoconstriction induced by @entity2232 was greater in normotensives than in @entity1 with essential @entity101 . In normotensives, almost all the vasoconstriction induced by @entity2232 was blocked by the addition of @entity13073 , while in subjects with essential @entity101 the effect was smaller. The selective blocker of @entity1627 was devoid of effect in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: The vasoconstrictor effect of @entity2232 in small resistance arteries of normotensive subjects and, in part, also in @entity101 @entity1 is mediated by @entity2231 receptors, while @entity1627 receptors play a minor role, if any. It is, however, possible that a vasoconstrictor effect mediated by @entity1627 receptors located on vascular smooth muscle cells may be masked by the simultaneous stimulation of endothelial @entity1627 receptors which may induce a vasodilation mediated by @entity842 .

title: Role of @entity2231 receptors in the vasoconstriction induced by @entity2232 in subcutaneous small arteries of normotensive subjects and @entity101 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: @entity8619 ( @entity8619 ) is an @entity32 with an unknown origin. Oxidative stress is suspected to play a role in its pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of oxidative stress factors and @entity1851 in @entity1 with @entity8619 . MATERIALS _ METHODS: In this case-control study, 25 @entity1 with @entity8619 and 23 control subjects were enrolled. Serum levels of @entity1851 ( @entity1851 ), @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were investigated in both groups. In case group, all these factors were re-evaluated after 14  days of treatment. The characteristics of the lesions were also recorded at each visit. RESULTS: Serum levels of @entity1865 were significantly higher (P  =  0.009), and TAC was significantly lower (P  <  0.001) in @entity1 with @entity8619 . There were no significant differences between serum levels of TAC, @entity1851 , and @entity1865 in @entity1 with @entity8619 before and after treatment (P  =  0.174, P  =  0.556, P  =  0.194, respectively). However, the difference in serum levels of TAC between erosive and @entity3202 @entity1 with keratotic @entity8619 was significant (P  =  0.024). CONCLUSION: We concluded @entity1 with @entity8619 have increased of serum @entity1865 and the decrease of serum TAC compared with the healthy subjects, and 14-day treatment of @entity8619 did not have any effect on serum levels of oxidative stress factors.

title: Oxidative stress factors and @entity1851 in XXXX with oral lichen planus before and 2  weeks after treatment.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory disease']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity8619 :: ('MESH:D017676', 'Disease') :: ['OLP', 'Oral lichen planus']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein', 'CRP']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: The incidence of @entity174 continues to increase due to demographic changes. In the elderly, anterior column @entity174 are common, and standard approaches are associated with a considerable risk for surgery-associated complications. Therefore, a minimally invasive approach was developed in our department. The aim of this study was to examine early and mid-term results regarding the use of this novel two-incision minimally invasive (TIMI) approach in @entity1 aged over 55 years with @entity174 . METHODS: From July 2007 to April 2014, 47 @entity1 aged over 55 years were treated via the TIMI approach; these @entity1 were included in the present prospective study. The @entity1 ' characteristics, data, and early phase of care were assessed during acute care. A radiological evaluation comprised pre- and postoperative CT scans and x- @entity16039 , including Judet views at follow-up. Follow-up examinations were performed after 6 and 24 months and comprised a clinical and radiological examination and an evaluation of hip function (Harris Hip Score) and health-related quality of life (EQ-5D). RESULTS: The mean age of the @entity1 was 74  11years, with a gender ratio of 35/12 (m/f). The average operation time was 93  30min, and perioperative @entity190 amounted to 858  463ml. In total, five (11%) complications associated with the operative procedure occurred, and revision surgery was necessary in three @entity1 . We observed no wound @entity281 , abdominal wall hernias or cases of @entity2736 in our sample. The Harris Hip Score at six months after surgery was 81, and it slightly improved to 84 after 24 months. The mean EQ5D index was 0.91 at six months after surgery and 0.92 at 24 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: The TIMI approach represents a valuable alternative to the ilioinguinal and modified Stoppa approach for the treatment of @entity174 located in the anterior column, which are often observed in geriatric @entity1 . LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Therapeutic Level II (Prospective cohort study).

title: Internal fixation of XXXX in an older population using the TIMI approach - Midterm results of a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['acetabular fractures', 'fractures', 'geriatric acetabular fractures']

entities_list: @entity190 :: ('MESH:D006473', 'Disease') :: ['blood loss']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infections']

entities_list: @entity2736 :: ('MESH:D009999', 'Disease') :: ['heterotopic ossification']

answer: @entity174 :: (MESH:D050723,Disease) :: ['acetabular fractures']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity299 , @entity64 , and @entity1030 ( @entity1030 ) are the leading causes of @entity204 and disability worldwide. Although individuals with these conditions have been reported to benefit from yoga, its effectiveness remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: To perform a systematic review of the effectiveness of yoga on exercise capacity, health related quality of life (HRQL), and psychological well-being for individuals with @entity102 and describe the structure and delivery of programs. RESEARCH DESIGN: We performed a systematic review of randomized controlled trials examining yoga programs for individuals with @entity299 , @entity64 , and @entity1030 compared with usual care. Quality was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool. Meta-analyses were conducted using Review Manager 5.3. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42014014589). RESULTS: Ten studies (431 individuals, mean age 56  8 y) were included and were comparable in their design and components, irrespective of the @entity102 . The standardized mean difference for the mean change in exercise capacity was 2.69 (95% confidence interval, 1.39-3.99) and for HRQL it was 1.24 (95% confidence interval, -0.37 to 2.85). Symptoms of @entity148 were reduced after yoga in individuals with @entity64 , although this was not observed in individuals with @entity1030 . The effect of yoga on symptoms of @entity308 varied across studies with no significant effects compared with usual care. CONCLUSIONS: Yoga programs have similar designs and components across @entity102 populations. Compared with usual care, yoga resulted in significant improvements in exercise capacity and a mean improvement in HRQL. Yoga programs may be a useful adjunct to formal rehabilitation programs.

title: Yoga in the Management of XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart disease', 'Heart disease']

entities_list: @entity1030 :: ('MESH:D029424', 'Disease') :: ['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'COPD']

answer: @entity102 :: (MESH:D002908,Disease) :: ['Chronic Disease']


abstract: @entity5834 , a prototypic bitter stimulus, produces several physiological actions on taste receptor cells that include inhibition of KIR and KV @entity972 currents and elevations of intracellular @entity460 . These responses display adaptation, i.e. their magnitude diminishes in the sustained presence of the stimulus. Levels of the membrane lipid @entity1078 (PIP2) are well known to modulate many @entity972 channels, activating the channel by stabilizing its open state. Here we investigate a putative relationship of KIR and KV with PIP2 levels hypothesizing that inhibition of these currents by @entity5834 might be allayed by PIP2 resynthesis. Using standard patch-clamp techniques, recordings of either @entity972 current from @entity35 posterior taste receptor cells produced essentially parallel results when PIP2 levels were manipulated pharmacologically. Increasing PIP2 levels by blocking @entity7425 -3 kinase with @entity2307 or @entity2306 , or by blocking phospholipase C with @entity4385 all significantly increased the incidence of adaptation for both KIR and KV. Conversely, lowering PIP2 synthesis by blocking PI4K or using the PIP2 scavengers @entity7055 or bovine serum albumin reduced the incidence of adaptation. Adaptation could be modulated by activation of protein kinase C but not @entity460 calmodulin kinase. Collectively, these data support two highly novel conclusions: @entity972 currents in taste receptor cells are significantly modulated by PIP2 levels and PIP2 resynthesis may play a central role in the gustatory adaptation process at the primary receptor cell level.

title: Resynthesis of @entity1078 mediates adaptation of the @entity5834 response in XXXX taste receptor cells.

entities_list: @entity1078 :: ('CHEBI:18348', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate']

entities_list: @entity7425 :: ('CHEBI:18179', 'Chemical') :: ['phosphoinositide']

entities_list: @entity5834 :: ('MESH:D002110', 'Chemical') :: ['caffeine', 'Caffeine']

entities_list: @entity2307 :: ('MESH:C009687', 'Chemical') :: ['wortmannin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity972 :: ('MESH:D011188', 'Chemical') :: ['potassium']

entities_list: @entity7055 :: ('MESH:D011107', 'Chemical') :: ['polylysine']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: PURPOSE: Standard computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) can be used to diagnose @entity1151 . In addition, multiple findings at CTPA have been proposed as potential tools for risk stratification. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to examine the prognostic value of (I) thrombus distribution, (II) morphometric parameters of @entity67 , and (III) contrast reflux in inferior vena cava on 30-day mortality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In a retrospective, single-center study from 06/2005 to 01/2010 365 consecutive @entity1 were included. Inclusion criteria were: presence of @entity1151 , and availability of 30-day follow-up. A review of @entity1 charts and images was performed. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the group of 326 survivors and 39 non-survivors in (I) thrombus distribution, and (II) morphometric measurements of @entity67 . However, (III) contrast reflux in inferior vena cava was significantly stronger in non-survivors (odds ratio 3.29; p<0.001). Results were independent from comorbidities like @entity299 and @entity120 . CONCLUSION: Measurement of contrast reflux is a new and robust method for predicting 30-day mortality in @entity1 with @entity1151 . Obstruction scores and morphometric measurements of @entity67 perform poor as risk stratification tools.

title: CT pulmonary angiography findings that predict 30-day mortality in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['acute pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['heart insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['right ventricular dysfunction']

answer: @entity1151 :: (MESH:D011655,Disease) :: ['acute pulmonary embolism']


abstract: Growth rate is a prognostic factor for pulmonary metastases treatment. We used computed tomography (CT) to quantify @entity5 doubling time (Tdt) variation of pulmonary metastases in the same @entity1 , from different histologies and sizes. We prospectively evaluated chest CTs of @entity1 with pulmonary metastases under no @entity5 treatment. Tdt of 408 pulmonary nodules in 21 @entity1 was determined. One hundred twenty-three (30%) remained unaltered, 44 (11%) had reduction, and 241 (59%) increased in size. Nodules that grew presented a mean Tdt of 118 +/- 134 days (range: 22-930 days). There was high intraindividual variability of mean Tdt with no difference between histologies. Smaller nodules presented greater tendency to grow, and lower Tdt. There is large variation in clinical behavior for pulmonary metastases in the same @entity1 . Each nodule should be evaluated independently. Selection of a single nodule to evaluate @entity3 behavior could influence the therapeutic decision.

title: Pulmonary metastases XXXX doubling time: assessment by computed tomography.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity157 ( @entity157 ) is one of the most common @entity66 , which affects the @entity1 's prognosis. The aim of this report is to evaluate recurrence risk after primary treatment by the combination study with the clinical features and immunohistological findings. METHODS: 153 removable HCCs were examined by immunohistochemical study of the @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ), @entity876 , or @entity589 . The relationships of these factors with histological grades, the presence of intra-hepatic metastasis (IM), @entity5 size, value of serum @entity160 ( @entity160 ), and prognosis were studied. @entity1364 @entity894 ( @entity894 ) was calculated to count positive nuclei in 1,000 cells. RESULTS: PCNALI was significantly higher in @entity5 and correlated with @entity5 size. PCNALI and the @entity5 diameter in themselves could be a good predictor for @entity1 prognosis and the combination study of them was an even stronger indicator. The value of @entity160 was significantly higher in positive @entity876 cases. The incidence of @entity876 was associated with histological types. The presence of IM was found in negative @entity589 cases of main @entity5 . The appearance of @entity589 was not correlated with histological types. The incidence of @entity876 or @entity589 was indicated to distinguish the @entity1 prognosis of the lower grade histological cases, in which differences could not be found by the routine histological study. CONCLUSIONS: The combination study of the immunohistochemical findings and the clinical features could be one of the most important aids in interpreting the status of @entity157 .

title: Clinical significance of combination study of apoptotic factors and @entity1364 in estimating the prognosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['recurrence diseases']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labeling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity160 :: ('174', 'Gene') :: ['alpha-fetoprotein', 'AFP']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'Hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: @entity734 is a major public health problem affecting as many as a third of @entity1 in this country today at some point before their 18(th) birthday. The effects of childhood @entity130 on the brain are increasingly an area of interest. In trying to understand the effects of early stressors on the brain we use animal models of early stress to guide the development of hypotheses. An important potential tool in understanding the effects of abuse on the brain is neuroimaging. Neuroimaging studies in traumatized @entity1 are in a relative state of infancy. A number of methodological and ethical issues make this a difficult area for research, including problems ranging from @entity1 motion during scanning to the ethical issues of the duty to report abuse and working with @entity1 protective services. Some studies have shown that adults abused as @entity1 have smaller volume of the hippocampus, a brain area involved in learning and memory, as measured with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). One study in @entity1 with @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) did not find smaller hippocampal volume, but did find smaller brain volume and corpus callosum. Functional neuroimaging studies are consistent with alteration in function and structure of medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in @entity1 with childhood sexual @entity130 and @entity1005 . These initial results suggest that childhood abuse in the setting of @entity1005 is associated with long-term changes in brain structure and function.

title: Neuroimaging of childhood XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient', 'child']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['Childhood abuse']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['trauma']


abstract: This study investigated matching client attributes to different aftercare treatments. A naturalistic sample of adults entering @entity734 treatment was randomized into either Structured @entity4557 ( @entity4557 , n=61) or a 12-Step Facilitation (TSF, n=72) aftercare program. Four @entity1 attributes were matched to treatment: age, gender, @entity734 profile, and psychological status. Substance use outcomes were assessed 3 and 6 months posttreatment. At 6 months, four significant matches were uncovered. Females and individuals with a multiple @entity734 profile reported better @entity167 outcomes with TSF aftercare than their cohorts exposed to @entity4557 aftercare. Individuals with high @entity458 at treatment entry were able to maintain longer periods of posttreatment abstinence with TSF aftercare compared to their cohorts exposed to @entity4557 . Inversely, @entity4557 was found to maintain abstinence significantly longer for individuals reporting low distress compared to those with high distress. Finally, better outcomes were achieved when random assignment to aftercare was consistent with @entity1 preference. Overall, an Alcoholics Anonymous approach to aftercare appears to provide the most favorable substance use outcomes for most groups of substance abusers. @entity4557 may be most suitable for clients whose @entity458 is low, especially where maintenance of abstinence is targeted. Where choice in aftercare program is possible, matching client preference with type of aftercare program can improve outcome.

title: Matching XXXX aftercare treatments to client characteristics.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participant', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4557 :: ('MESH:D012008', 'Disease') :: ['RP', 'Relapse Prevention']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['psychological distress']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

answer: @entity734 :: (MESH:D019966,Disease) :: ['substance abuse']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in the induction and regulation of adaptive immune responses by polarizing T-helper (Th) cells. In @entity56 this response is dominated by Th2 cells. It is still unclear whether the activation of Th cells by DCs in @entity1097 individuals is allergen specific. METHODS: Monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) obtained from polysensitized @entity1 were stimulated with purified @entity3991 v 1, Phl p 5 and Act d 10, and the surface marker expression was analysed. Proliferation and cytokine profiles of autologous na  ve CD4+ T cells co-cultured with allergen-pulsed MoDCs were assessed. RESULTS: The addition of either @entity3991 v 1 or Phl p 5 did not further increase the expression of surface markers from matured MoDCs in all study groups. In co-cultures, autologous na  ve CD4+ T cells proliferated when DCs obtained from individuals @entity56 to birch and grass pollen were stimulated with @entity3991 v 1 and Phl p 5, respectively. In the co-culture supernatants, significantly increased levels of @entity225 and @entity4047 were detected. This effect correlated with the sensitization background and was absent when applying an unspecific allergen, Act d 10. The levels of @entity688 in supernatants of MoDCs and the levels of @entity688 and @entity379 in supernatants of T cells remained unchanged upon stimulation with allergens. CONCLUSIONS: In this study we observed that allergen-specific stimulation of MoDCs induces T-cell proliferation and upregulation of Th2-type cytokines. Interestingly, this Th2 polarization was only observed in cells stimulated with the allergen to which the @entity1 were sensitized.

title: Differential T-helper cell polarization after allergen-specific stimulation of autologous dendritic cells in polysensitized XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['allergic disease', 'allergic']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['allergic']


abstract: Hospital-based @entity64 data banks can contribute to a better management of @entity64 @entity1 with consequent reduction of associated morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE: The characterisation of @entity64 @entity1 and validation of the @entity64 registry. SETTING: Hospital S.Pedro, Vila Real, a secondary neurological referral centre for 450.000 inhabitants of interior north Portugal. @entity1 AND METHODS: Analysis of data collected over one year of a prospective computerised @entity64 registry. Evaluation of completeness of the registry by independent analysis from emergency room data files and percentage of items entirely filled up. RESULTS: in a one year period were registered 349 @entity1 (186 F; 163 M) with a mean age at @entity64 of 69 years. The majority (73.3%) lived in the hospital district. Most @entity1 went directly to the hospital from their homes, and in the first 24 hours of symptoms onset. @entity385 was diagnosed in 35.2% of @entity1 , followed from lacunas in 24.6% and hypertensive @entity548 in 22.3%. Arterial @entity101 was found in 60.1% of cases, there were 11.4% of deaths and a Rankin score > 3 was present at hospital discharge in 39.5% of @entity1 . There was a decrease in the register during the one-year period, evaluated comparing two months of emergency room files; we found a missing rate of protocols items varying from 0.8% and 8.8%. CONCLUSIONS: Hospital-based @entity64 data banks can provide the best available information on @entity64 @entity1 characteristics and the presence of @entity64 risk factors. Registry protocols must be kept simple, easy to fill and periodically surveyed in order to lessen the number of missing items.

title: [Prospective registry of cerebrovascular diseases. Characterization of XXXX and methodology evaluation].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'hospital stroke']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhages']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['Cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: Conventional radiotherapy after breast-conserving therapy is confined to 50-55 Gy external beam radiation therapy (EBRT) to the whole breast and 10-16 Gy external boost radiation to the @entity5 bed or brachytherapy to the @entity5 bed. Local recurrence rate after breast-conserving surgery varies between 5 and 18%. External boost radiation can partially miss the @entity5 bed and therefore can result in local failure. Intra-operative radiotherapy (IORT) as a high precision boost can prevent a 'geographical miss'. From October 1998 to December 2000, 156 @entity1 with stage I and @entity0 were operated upon in a dedicated IORT facility. After local excision of the @entity5 , the @entity5 bed was temporarily approximated by sutures to bring the tissue in the radiation planning target volume. A single dose of 9 Gy was applied to the 90% reference isodose with energies ranging from 4 to 15 MeV, using round applicator tubes 4-8 cm in diameter. After wound healing, the @entity1 received additional 51-56 Gy EBRT to the whole breast. No acute complications associated with IORT were observed. In 5 @entity1 , a secondary mastectomy had to be performed because of @entity5 multicentricity in the final pathological report or excessive intraductal component. 2 @entity1 developed rib necroses. In 7 @entity1 , wound healing problems occurred. After a mean follow-up of 18 months, no local recurrences were observed. Cosmesis of the breast was very good and comparable to @entity1 without IORT. Preliminary data suggest that IORT given as a boost after breast-conserving surgery could be a reliable alternative to conventional postoperative fractionated boost radiation by accurate dose delivery and avoiding geographical misses, by enabling smaller treatment volumes and complete skin-sparing and by reducing postoperative radiation time by 7-14 days.

title: Intraoperative radiotherapy given as a boost after breast-conserving surgery in @entity0 XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['stage II breast cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']