abstract: @entity1 umbilical cord vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) cultured without serum and @entity540 is an in vitro model of @entity63 conditions. Our previous study showed that @entity20978 ( @entity14501 ) could inhibit apoptosis of HUVECs in this model. In this study, we investigated the effect of @entity14501 on angiogenesis and the possible mechanisms. Capillary-like tube formation assay on Matrigel and cell migration assay were performed to investigate the effect of @entity14501 on angiogenesis. The reactive @entity26 species (ROS) and @entity371 ( @entity371 ) levels were respectively evaluated by intracellular ROS assay and western blot analysis. @entity14501 at 5 and 10  M promoted vascular structure formation and HUVEC migration in an in vitro @entity63 model. @entity14501 promoted angiogenesis through elevating ROS levels and depressing @entity371 level. ROS seemed to be necessary for angiogenesis, and a high level of @entity371 inhibited angiogenesis in @entity63 state. ROS provide clues for seeking new key factors involved in angiogenesis. @entity371 may become a new target for future therapeutic intervention. @entity14501 is a good tool for investigating the mechanism of angiogenesis, and @entity14501 might be useful in the development of new drugs in therapy of @entity63 .

title: Discovery of a pyrazole derivative promoting angiogenesis through modulating reactive XXXX species and @entity371 levels.

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic diseases', 'ischemic']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['fibroblast growth factor-2']

entities_list: @entity371 :: ('3627', 'Gene') :: ['IP-10', 'interferon-inducible protein 10']

entities_list: @entity20978 :: ('MESH:C530900', 'Chemical') :: ['ethyl 3-(o-chlorophenyl)-5-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylate']

answer: @entity26 :: (MESH:D010100,Chemical) :: ['oxygen']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The adverse reactions of @entity1229 that were found mainly occurred in the first month. This study was carried out to observe the effect of gene polymorphisms on the @entity1229 therapy at the initial stage. Four-hundred and sixty Chinese @entity1 began @entity1229 treatment with daily 2.5   mg after heart valve replacement operations were enrolled. The daily international normalized ratio (INR) for anticoagulation were recorded till the seventh day. Blood samples were collected and used to detect genotypes for @entity5058 @entity5059 , @entity5060 @entity5061 , @entity5062 @entity5063 and @entity5064 @entity5065 . INR and their changes were compared among genotypes. INR was partially correlated with the @entity5058 @entity5059 , @entity5060 @entity5061 , @entity5062 @entity5063 and @entity5064 @entity5065 polymorphisms from the third, fourth and sixth day on, respectively. @entity5058 @entity5059 and @entity5062 @entity5063 carriers responded lower than the wild genotype, whereas @entity5060 @entity5061 and @entity5064 @entity5065 carriers responded higher, respectively. Fifty percent of @entity5066 /*1*3/CC/*S*S @entity1 and 16% of @entity5066 /*1*1/CC/*S*S @entity1 were over anticoagulation treated with INR >4.0 at the third day. Ninety percent of @entity5058 @entity5059 carrier @entity1 have INR <1.63, a mark of the 25% of lower responders of the wild genotype. Our study provided another kind of evidence that @entity5058 @entity5059 , @entity5060 @entity5061 , @entity5062 @entity5063 and @entity5064 @entity5065 affected the action of @entity1229 in different styles. @entity1 with @entity5066 /*1*1/CC/*S*S, @entity5066 /*1*3/CC/*S*S should use a less initial dosage to avoid over anticoagulation, and @entity1 with @entity5058 @entity5059 should use larger initial dose to proof an effective therapy.The Pharmacogenomics Journal advance online publication, 8 December 2015; doi:10.1038/tpj.2015.81.

title: Effect of gene polymorphims on the XXXX treatment at initial stage.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1229 :: ('MESH:D014859', 'Chemical') :: ['warfarin']

answer: @entity1229 :: (MESH:D014859,Chemical) :: ['warfarin']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate a 2-day course of palliative radiation in @entity1 diagnosed to have inoperable or metastatic @entity135 . AIM: To evaluate the symptom relief and quality of life in these @entity1 after this short course of radiation. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: A pilot study was conducted in a tertiary care institute in India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen @entity1 with stage IV B/C disease, KPS 50-70, were inducted after informed consent. External radiation was given in 2 days, two fractions per day, 6 h apart to a total dose of 14 Gy. Washington University quality of life questionnaire (QOL) was used for assessing QOL before and after radiation. @entity1 who had more than 50% regression of disease received a second course of similar radiation. All @entity1 were followed up for a mean duration of 6 months. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to evaluate the difference between the QOL scores before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Out of these 15 @entity1 , majority (13) were males and the mean age of the @entity1 was 62 years. After the first course, all @entity1 had good symptom relief, improvement in the QOL, and 13 out of 15 had more than 50% objective response. The short duration of the treatment was favored by the outstation @entity1 and their attendants. It may be concluded that this short course of radiation is an effective tool for palliative radiation and merits a larger randomized trial.

title: Quad shot: a short but effective schedule for palliative radiation for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck carcinoma']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck carcinoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: CRA1505 Background: The @entity5 ( @entity5 ) is an important tool for identification of individuals for genetic counseling/testing (GC/ @entity1422 ). Prior studies demonstrate a low rate of family history documentation and low referral rates for genetic counseling and genetic testing. METHODS: In 2011ASCO began pilot testing new measures in QOPI to evaluate the practice of family history taking and referral for genetic counseling/testing in @entity1 with either @entity0 ( @entity0 ) or @entity14 ( @entity14 ). The measures assessed the presence or absence of @entity5 in 1(st)/2(nd) degree relatives, age at @entity5 diagnosis, referral for GC/ @entity1422 and outcomes of referral. RESULTS: Between September and October 2011 272 practices pilot tested these measures and reported on 10,466 @entity1 ( @entity0 6569, @entity14 3897). 77.4% of all charts reviewed documented presence or absence of @entity5 in 1(st) degree relatives ( @entity0 81.2% (CI 80-82%), @entity14 77.4% (CI 76-79%), p= <0.001) and 61.5% of charts documented presence or absence of @entity5 in 2(nd) degree relatives ( @entity0 68.9% (CI 68-70%), @entity14 57.3% (CI 56-59%) p=<0.001). Age at diagnosis was documented for all relatives with @entity5 in 30.7% of charts ( @entity0 45.2% (CI 44-47%), @entity14 35.4% (CI 34-37%) p=<0.001). @entity1 were referred for GC/ @entity1422 in 22.1% of all charts reviewed ( @entity0 29.1% (CI 28-30%), @entity14 19.6% (CI, 18-21%) p=<0.001). Of @entity1 with hereditary risk (defined by selected risk guidelines) 52.2% of @entity0 and 26.4% @entity14 were referred for GC/ @entity1422 . When genetic testing was performed by the practice consent was documented 77.7% of the time and discussion of results was documented 78.8% of the time. CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate referral for GC/ @entity1422 requires a complete and accurate @entity5 . In this pilot testing of QOPI measures we identified a higher quality of @entity5 information than expected though with room for improvement. Significant differences were seen between @entity0 and @entity14 charts with greater accuracy of @entity5 and higher referral rates among @entity0 @entity1 . To obtain improvement in the identification and management of @entity1 at high risk, significant improvements are needed. Education is part of the answer.

title: Quality of XXXX and referral for genetic counseling and testing among oncology practices: A pilot test of quality measures as part of the ASCO Quality Oncology Practice Initiative (QOPI).

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer', 'BC']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'cancer family history', 'CFH']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['CRC', 'colorectal cancer']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['cancer family history']


abstract: We hypothesized that expression of @entity7737 ( @entity7737 ), a major @entity900 transporter, may determine the efficacy of @entity900 as a treatment for @entity1 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ). A prospective analysis was conducted of 49 consecutive @entity1 who underwent resection for @entity157 (16 @entity1 treated with @entity900 -based neoadjuvant chemotherapy and 33 @entity1 treated without neoadjuvant chemotherapy). Expression of @entity7737 in resected specimens was assessed by immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses. The extent of @entity5 @entity39 was assessed histologically in the greatest dimension of the @entity5 specimen from each @entity1 . The median percentage of @entity5 @entity39 was 81% (range: 0-100%) and @entity39 was found in 3 @entity1 . Overexpression of @entity7737 was detected in 24/46 (52%) @entity5 specimens. In 16 @entity1 treated with @entity900 , @entity5 size and dose of @entity900 did not correlate with @entity5 @entity39 of the resected specimens (P=0.706 and P=0.555, respectively). Of 13 @entity5 specimens containing vivid @entity5 from 16 @entity1 treated with @entity900 , 8 had overexpression of @entity7737 . Tumor specimens with overexpression of @entity7737 showed a lower percentage of @entity5 @entity39 than those with non-overexpression (median percentage of @entity5 @entity39 , 19% vs. 99%, P=0.003). In conclusion, overexpression of @entity7737 correlates with a lower percentage of @entity5 @entity39 in @entity1 treated with @entity900 -based neoadjuvant chemotherapy for @entity157 , whereas either @entity5 size or dose of @entity900 does not. Expression of @entity7737 determines the efficacy of @entity900 -based chemotherapy in @entity1 with @entity157 .

title: @entity7737 determines the efficacy of @entity900 in @entity1 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis', 'complete tumor necrosis']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity7737 :: ('1244', 'Gene') :: ['MRP2', 'multidrug resistance-associated protein 2']

answer: @entity157 :: (MESH:D006528,Disease) :: ['hepatocellular carcinoma']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the @entity137 and the results of abdominopelvic irradiation with a four orthogonal field's technique in @entity1 with @entity43 . METHODS AND MATERIALS: Between May 1981 and December 1990, 167 @entity1 with @entity43 have been treated with whole abdominal irradiation: 62 @entity1 with no or minimal @entity66 < 2 cm after initial surgery (group 1) and 105 @entity1 with no @entity66 or macroscopic @entity66 < 2 cm assessed by second-look surgery after incomplete debulking surgery and @entity900 -based polychemotherapy (group 2). Irradiation was performed by a four orthogonal field's technique. Thirty grays were given with a 25 MV photon beam (1.5 Gy/fraction/day, 20 fractions over 30 days). Boosts were performed in 50 cases (median dose of 15 Gy). RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 68 months, the 5-year actuarial survival rate was 50% in the entire group, 67% in group 1, 40% in group 2, and 84% in T1, 61.5% in T2, 38% in T3. Five-year actuarial survival was analyzed according to the residuum: (a) after initial surgery (no @entity66 : 70%, @entity66 : 36.5%), (b) after second-look surgery: 76% in @entity1 with a negative second look, 66% in @entity1 with microscopic @entity66 , 22% in @entity1 with macroscopic @entity66 and secondary surgical reduction, and 10% in @entity1 with small unresectable nodules. Nine percent of the @entity1 failed to complete irradiation acute side effects related. Five percent required surgery for @entity1744 . CONCLUSION: The abdominopelvic irradiation with this four orthogonal field's technique was associated with tolerable acute @entity137 and a low risk of serious late complications. Similar late results to have been reported whole abdominal irradiation with chemotherapy in @entity1 with negative or microscopic @entity66 after surgery. Randomized trials comparing these two adjuvant treatments are warranted.

title: Evaluation of whole abdominal irradiation in XXXX with a four orthogonal fields technique.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['residual disease']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['bowel obstruction']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian carcinoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The study aimed to describe the prevalence of @entity146 ( @entity146 ) in @entity195 ( @entity195 ), @entity73 ( @entity73 ) and controls using the 12-item Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) and to analyze the relationships between @entity146 with specific neuropsychological tests. @entity1 AND METHODS: We prospectively studied 485 @entity1 from the Memory Unit in Cruces Hospital (Spain), 344 met the criteria of NINCDS-ADRDA for probable @entity195 (99 were classified as mild and 245 @entity19354 ), 91 for @entity73 and 50 were controls. Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE) and CDR (Clinical @entity303 Rating) were used to evaluate global cognitive function and to classify the severity of @entity73 . The neuropsychological test battery included memory test, @entity8408 and daily living scales. The 12-items Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) version was used to assess @entity146 . All @entity1 underwent a neuroimaging study (CT scan and/or MRI). @entity1 were not treated with antidementia or psychotropic drugs. RESULTS: Apathy and @entity308 were more prevalent @entity146 in moderate-severe @entity195 (78.4% and 44.1%, respectively), mild @entity195 (64.6% and 41.4%, respectively) and @entity73 (50.5% and 33%, respectively) @entity1 than in controls (6% and 8%, respectively). The prevalence and the mean scores of all symptoms increased along the severity of the disease, except for sleep and @entity1277 . In @entity1 with mild @entity195 a relationship was found between the presence of @entity146 and RDRS-2 scale (p = 0.003); and between @entity146 and RDRS-2 (p = 0.029) and SS-IQCODE scales (p = 0.039) in moderate-severe @entity1 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity146 were more prevalent in @entity195 and @entity73 @entity1 than in controls. In @entity195 and @entity73 @entity1 @entity308 were the most prevalent @entity146 . The prevalence and the mean scores of all symptoms gradually increased along the severity of the disease, except for sleep and @entity1277 . We have no found a relationship between neuropsycological test and the presence of @entity146 , but in @entity1 with mild and moderate-severe @entity195 there is a relationship with daily living scales.

title: Prevalence of @entity146 in @entity73 and @entity195 , and its relationship with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['apathy and depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['NPS', 'Neuropsychiatric symptoms', 'neuropsychiatric symptoms']

entities_list: @entity303 :: ('MESH:D003704', 'Disease') :: ['Dementia']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'MCI', 'amnestic mild cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity8408 :: ('MESH:D013064', 'Disease') :: ['verbal fluency, visuoespatial skills']

entities_list: @entity1277 :: ('MESH:D001068', 'Disease') :: ['appetite disorders']

entities_list: @entity195 :: ('MESH:D000544', 'Disease') :: ['AD', "Alzheimer's disease"]

entities_list: @entity19354 :: ('MESH:C565640', 'Disease') :: ['as moderate-severe']

answer: @entity73 :: (MESH:D003072,Disease) :: ['cognitive impairment']


abstract: PURPOSE: Evidence for chemotherapy-induced @entity73 remains inconclusive. This study was designed to determine the trajectory of cognitive function over time in @entity1 with @entity0 , who received @entity632 and @entity786 (AC) alone or followed by a @entity3907 . Associations between changes in cognitive function and potential covariates including @entity148 , @entity308 , @entity1295 , hemoglobin level, menopausal status, and perception of cognitive function were evaluated. METHODS: The Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status, Stroop Test, and Grooved Pegboard were used to assess cognitive function in a group of 71 @entity1 prior to chemotherapy, a week after completing the last cycle of AC, as well as 1 week and 6 months after the completion of all chemotherapy. RESULTS: @entity73 was found in 23% of @entity1 prior to chemotherapy. @entity3628 showed significant decreases after receiving chemotherapy followed by improvements 6 months after the completion of chemotherapy in the cognitive domains of visuospatial skill (p < 0.001), attention (p = 0.022), delayed memory (p = 0.006), and motor function (p = 0.043). In contrast, immediate memory, language, and executive function scores did not change over time. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that having a @entity0 diagnosis may be associated with @entity73 . While chemotherapy may have a negative impact on cognitive function, chemotherapy-related impairments appear to be more acute than chronic side effects of therapy. Further studies are needed to provide insight into the clinical significance and potential mechanisms of @entity5 and treatment-related @entity73 .

title: A prospective longitudinal study of chemotherapy-induced cognitive changes in XXXX @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['cognitive impairment', 'cognitive impairments', 'Cognitive impairment']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity3628 :: ('MESH:D004195', 'Disease') :: ['Hierarchical linear modeling']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['breast cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the factors predicting renal outcome in @entity1 developing @entity810 in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive cohort study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Study was conducted at Nephrology Unit of Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation, Karachi, from October 2006 to March 2007. METHODOLOGY: @entity1 with @entity810 due to complications of pregnancy, with normal size of both the kidneys on ultrasound were enrolled, and followed for a period of 60 days or until recovery of renal function. @entity1 's age and parity, presence of antenatal care, type of complication of pregnancy, foetal outcome and duration of @entity1458 were compared between @entity1 who remained dialysis dependent and those who recovered renal function. Chi-square/Fisher's exact test and student's t-test, were used for determining the association of categorical and continuous variables with dialysis dependency. RESULTS: The mean age was 29+/-6 years. Most @entity1 came from rural areas of interior Sindh. Sixty eight percent did not have antenatal checkups. Antepartum @entity548 (p=0.002) and prolonged duration of @entity1458 (35+/-15.7 days, p= < 0.001) were associated with dialysis dependency, which was observed in 50% of the study group. CONCLUSION: Ante-partum @entity548 and prolonged @entity1458 were strong predictors of @entity177 . This highlights the need for early recognition and referral, and the importance of trained birth attendants and antenatal care.

title: Factors predicting the outcome of XXXX in pregnancy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['irreversible renal failure']

entities_list: @entity810 :: ('MESH:D058186', 'Disease') :: ['acute renal failure']

answer: @entity810 :: (MESH:D058186,Disease) :: ['acute renal failure']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity15833 ( @entity12046 ) based regimen is one of the first line agents that has been utilized routinely since 2013 in Ethiopia. Unfortunately, there is limited information regarding the Clinical outcomes and associated risk factors in this setting, where @entity1 generally present late, have high rates of @entity1906 and other infectious conditions. METHODS: A two year retrospective cohort study was conducted from February 10/2015 to March 10/2015 at Jimma University Specialized Hospital. A total of 280 records were reviewed by including data from September 3, 2012 to July 31, 2014. Records were selected using a simple random sampling technique. Data was collected on socio-demographic, clinical and drug related variables. Data was analyzed using STATA 13.1. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression were used to compare survival experience and identify independent predictors. Propensity score matching analysis was conducted to elucidate the average treatment effects of each regimen over @entity1292 . RESULTS: Of 280 @entity1 , 183(65.36%) were females and 93(33.32%) of females belong to @entity15833 group. Through 24 months analysis, TDF based regimen had a protective effect against @entity204 and @entity1292 ( @entity1292 ), (AHR=0.79, 95% CI [0.24, 2.62]) and (AHR=0.78, 95%CI [0.43, 1.4] respectively. The average treatment effect of TDF/ @entity16332 / @entity14492 was (-71/1000, p=0.026), while it was (+114/1000, p=0.049) for @entity9612 / @entity16332 /EFV. However, TDF/ @entity16332 / @entity16333 was associated with statistically insignificant morbidity reduction (-74/1000, p=0.377). Those with body mass-index (BMI) <18.5kg/m2 (AHR=3.21, 95%CI [0.93, 11.97]) had higher hazard of @entity204 . Absence of baseline prophylaxis (AHR=8.22, 95% CI [1.7, 39.77]), @entity799 prophylaxis alone (AHR=6.15, 95% CI [1.47, 26.67]) and BMI<18.5kg/m2 (AHR=2.06, 95% CI [1.14, 3.73]) had higher hazards of @entity1292 . CONCLUSION: The survival benefit of TDF based regimen was similar to @entity9612 based regimen and therefore can be used as an alternative for @entity16090 / @entity791 @entity1 in resource limited setups. However, since this study was not dealt with @entity137 of the regimens, we recommend to conduct high quality design on this issue.

title: Clinical Outcomes of @entity15833 Versus Zidovudine-based Regimens Among @entity1 Living with @entity16090 / XXXX : a Two Years Retrospective Cohort Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity799 :: ('MESH:D015662', 'Chemical') :: ['Cotrimoxazole']

entities_list: @entity15833 :: ('MESH:C096918', 'Chemical') :: ['Tenofovir']

entities_list: @entity1292 :: ('MESH:D009894', 'Disease') :: ['OIs', 'opportunistic infections']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: There are two widely used scoring systems for knee magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in @entity571 ( @entity571 ) and the strengths and weaknesses of each system in terms of ease of use and association with known risk factors and outcomes are unknown. OBJECTIVE: To compare Whole Organ Magnetic Resonance Imaging Score (WORMS) and @entity571 Knee Score (BLOKS) scales using longitudinal MRI and X-ray data. METHODS: In the @entity571 ( @entity571 ), knee radiographs, long limb films for alignment and MRI's were acquired in the interval from 0 to 24 months follow-up. @entity571 MRI's from baseline and 24 months were read separately using BLOKS and WORMS scales. X-rays were scored semiquantitatively for joint space loss and long limb films were measured for alignment angle. We evaluated which of the WORMS or BLOKS @entity393 scores best correlated with joint space loss on the X-ray and which was best predicted by @entity893 on long limb film. To examine the validity of @entity236 ( @entity236 ) and meniscal scales, we tested which of WORMS or BLOKS baseline scores for @entity236 or meniscus best predicted @entity393 from baseline to 24 months. We critically evaluated strengths and weaknesses of each scoring system also. RESULTS: Of 113 knees read longitudinally, 33 showed any @entity393 using BLOKS and 30 using WORMS with high agreement between the scales. In the medial compartment, both BLOKS and WORMS picked up only 42% of the knees with X-ray joint space loss with similar specificity (88 vs 86%). Varus knees were more likely to be a risk factor for medial @entity393 in BLOKS [adj odds ratio (OR) 5.9 (95% confidence intervals (CIs) 1.5, 24.0)] than in WORMS [adj OR 2.1 (95% CI 0.7, 6.3)]. WORMS @entity236 scores predicted @entity393 more strongly than any BLOKS @entity236 variables and some BLOKS @entity236 measures did not affect risk of @entity393 at all. However, across the range of scores, meniscal tear scores in BLOKS predicted @entity393 better for each abnormality than did WORMS meniscal tear scores and the meniscal signal abnormality scored in BLOKS but not in WORMS, predicted @entity393 . BLOKS took longer and was more difficult to score longitudinally especially for @entity236 scores. CONCLUSION: In a comparison of instruments limited by small numbers of knees compared, BLOKS meniscal score was preferable to WORMS meniscal scale in predicting @entity393 most likely because it includes potentially important pathology missed by WORMS. On the other hand, @entity236 scoring in WORMS was preferable in that it better predicted later @entity393 , was easier to score and did not include potentially extraneous measures. Neither method was definitively better for cartilage scoring.

title: Comparison of BLOKS and WORMS scoring systems part II. Longitudinal assessment of knee MRIs for XXXX and suggested approach based on their performance: data from the @entity571 .

entities_list: @entity236 :: ('MESH:D001855', 'Disease') :: ['bone marrow lesion', 'BML']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['cartilage loss']

entities_list: @entity571 :: ('MESH:D010003', 'Disease') :: ['Boston Leeds Osteoarthritis', 'Osteoarthritis Initiative', 'osteoarthritis', 'OA', 'OAI']

entities_list: @entity893 :: ('MESH:D017760', 'Disease') :: ['varus malalignment']

answer: @entity571 :: (MESH:D010003,Disease) :: ['osteoarthritis']


abstract: @entity1893 of the breast is a rare @entity5 and present with almost equal frequency either as a primary or a secondary disease. Survival is poor in most cases of secondary @entity0 because of their advanced stage. We report a 35-year-old @entity1 presenting with @entity1353 as well as swelling, @entity925 , and ruddiness in the left breast with non-cyclic @entity158 for several months and maculopapular @entity272 in the same breast. Physical examination revealed fixed @entity3329 in both axillary regions. Radiologic evaluations (bilateral mammaograpy and ultrasonography) showed skin thickening in the left breast, asymmetrical densities in both breasts, and confirmed @entity3329 in the axillary regions. Excisional biopsies were performed to the left axillary lymph nodes and the breast skin eruptions. The histologic and immunohistochemical features were diagnosed as an @entity7041 (-) @entity2108 . A Computed Tomography examination was performed for staging the @entity706 and then chemotherapy was started. Thirty months after the diagnosis, the @entity1 is still alive with disease. Because of the presence of systemic symptoms such as skin involvement and generalized @entity3329 (mediastinal, axillary or cervical), @entity784 cases with breast involvement could mimic the clinical presentation of @entity0 . Pathologic examination is needed for the correct diagnosis.

title: Secondary involvement of the breast in @entity784 , an unusual example mimicking XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity3329 :: ('MESH:D008206', 'Disease') :: ['lymphadenopathies']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory breast carcinoma', 'breast lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancy']

entities_list: @entity784 :: ('MESH:D016399', 'Disease') :: ['T cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity2108 :: ('MESH:D017728', 'Disease') :: ['anaplastic large cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin eruption']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ['Non-Hodgkin lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity925 :: ('MESH:D063806', 'Disease') :: ['tenderness']

answer: @entity0 :: (MESH:D001943,Disease) :: ['inflammatory breast carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Based on our encounters with @entity1 who have been treated for unruptured @entity438 by endovascular coil embolization using bioactive coils, we observed that such @entity1 often present with @entity10 and @entity221 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the incidence of @entity10 and @entity221 after coil embolization using bioactive coils. METHODS: A database of 92 intracranial unruptured @entity439 @entity1 (88 @entity1 who did not have @entity2794 or @entity2704 before treatment) on whom coil embolization had been performed between July 2007 and October 2010 was retrospectively assessed. Forty-five @entity439 (43 @entity1 ) were treated using bioactive coils and the other @entity439 were treated using bare coils. We analyzed the incidence and duration of @entity10 , temperature, @entity1851 , and white blood cell count before and after coil embolization and compared the 2 groups. RESULTS: Forty-one @entity1 (46.6%) reported onset of @entity10 just after treatment. @entity10 incidences were significantly greater in the @entity1 treated with bioactive coils (bioactive coil group: 62.8% [27/43] vs bare coil group: 31.1% [14/45], P = .003), and the duration of @entity10 was significantly longer in the bioactive coil group (bioactive coil group: 3.44    1.22 days vs bare coil group: 2.40    1.17 days, P = .027). Seventy-one @entity1 (80.7%) had incidences of @entity221 (over 37  C) after treatment (bioactive coil group: 83.7% [36/43] vs bare coil group: 77.8% [35/45], P = .663). The duration of @entity221 was significantly longer in the bioactive coil group (bioactive coil group: 2.9    1.4 days vs bare coil group: 1.9    1.1 days, P = .0017), and temperatures at 1, 2, or 3 days after treatment were significantly higher in the bioactive coil group (respective temperatures at 1, 2, 3 days after treatment: bioactive coil group: 37.42    0.49, 37.19    0.45, 37.00    0.49 vs bare coil group: 37.14    0.38, 36.96    0.41, 36.63    0.51, P = .009, P = .0246, P = .0032). There were no significant differences in @entity1851 level and white blood cell count 1 and 3 days after treatment between 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: Bioactive coils induce @entity10 and @entity221 after coil embolization for @entity438 due to the inflammatory effects of @entity6886 used to accelerate @entity439 @entity82 and neointimal formation.

title: Bioactive coils cause @entity10 and XXXX after endovascular treatment of @entity438 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1851 :: ('1401', 'Gene') :: ['C-reactive protein']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity6886 :: ('CHEBI:53492', 'Chemical') :: ['polyglycolic acid']

entities_list: @entity2704 :: ('MESH:D008881', 'Disease') :: ['migraines']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity2794 :: ('MESH:D020773', 'Disease') :: ['chronic headaches']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['Headache', 'headache', 'headaches']

entities_list: @entity438 :: ('MESH:D002532', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial aneurysms']

answer: @entity221 :: (MESH:D005334,Disease) :: ['fever']


abstract: We differentiate (continuing the scheme of the National @entity3969 Study) three groups of @entity3969 ( @entity4575 ), which for practical reasons also encompass @entity4575 variants: 1. a group of low-grade @entity5 comprising 9.3% of cases ( @entity154 ; cystic, partially differentiated @entity3969 ); 2. the main group of @entity5 with histologically standard @entity5 and constituting 77.7% of cases, against which a combined therapy is used depending upon age and stage of spread; and 3. a small group of @entity5 of high-grade @entity5 ( @entity4575 , clear cell @entity8 ; @entity5606 ). This latter group constitutes only 13% of cases but is responsible for a high percentage of total deaths due to @entity4575 . To the @entity5 group with standard @entity5 belong the classic triphasic @entity4575 ( @entity4575 ) as well as @entity4575 "with quantitative deviations", in which either the blastemic, the epithelial, or the stroma component dominates. In the differential diagnosis the relatively frequent blastemic @entity4575 must be differentiated from other so-called small, round, and @entity5 of childhood, especially the undifferentiated @entity521 . Pseudo-rosettes and cytokeratin expression are signs of an "early" epithelial differentiation. @entity4575 (comprising 6.1% of our cases) are diagnosed according to the criteria of BECKWITH and PALMER (1978). They are @entity5 and occur predominantly in @entity1 over two years of age. By contrast, the histogenetic still undefined @entity14495 and @entity5606 of the kidney occur chiefly in @entity1 under two. Both @entity5 are diploid, notwithstanding their high-grade @entity5 . @entity14495 , which contains a high content of vessels and comprises 3.7% of our cases, consists of cells with weakly stained and partially vacuolized cytoplasm. In contrast to normal @entity4575 , clear cell sarcoma often progresses to bone @entity3 . @entity5606 (2.7% of our cases) possesses cells with large, roundish nuclei, pale chromatin, very prominent nucleoli and characteristic spherical intermediate filament condensations. Cross striation and myoglobin are never present. @entity5606 is not a genuine @entity703 ; it may also occur extrarenally. Low-grade congenital mesoblastic @entity12878 is a spindel cell @entity5 often exhibiting high cellularity and characterized by fingerlike projections extending into the adjacent kidney tissue. @entity10230 , with preferential perilobular localization, is a potential @entity4575 precursor found in 25% to 40% of all nephrectomy specimens containing @entity4575 and in all cases of bilateral and multifocal @entity4575 . Nevertheless, only a small proportion of the usually very small "nephrogenic remnants" lead by way of an adenomatous proliferation to manifestation of @entity4575 .(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)

title: [New aspects of @entity3969 ( XXXX ) and other @entity5 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital mesoblasticnephroma']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma of the kidney']

entities_list: @entity10230 :: ('MESH:C536399', 'Disease') :: ['Nephroblastomatosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploid tumors', 'tumor', 'blue cell tumors', 'tumors', 'malignant tumors', 'malignancy']

entities_list: @entity5606 :: ('MESH:D018335', 'Disease') :: ['malignant rhabdoid tumor of the kidney', 'Malignant rhabdoid tumor', 'malignant rhabdoid tumors']

entities_list: @entity4575 :: ('MESH:D000708', 'Disease') :: ['without anaplasia', 'Anaplastic WT', 'anaplastic WT', 'WT']

entities_list: @entity14495 :: ('MESH:D018227', 'Disease') :: ['clear cell sarcomas', 'Clear cell sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity521 :: ('MESH:D009447', 'Disease') :: ['neuroblastomas']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity3969 :: ('MESH:D009396', 'Disease') :: ["Wilms' Tumor", 'nephroblastoma', "Wilms' tumors"]

entities_list: @entity703 :: ('MESH:D007680', 'Disease') :: ['kidney tumor']

answer: @entity3969 :: (MESH:D009396,Disease) :: ['Wilms tumor']


abstract: The effects of a three week course of treatment of @entity3659 ( @entity3660 ) and @entity5829 ( @entity9956 ) (3.2 and 10 mg/kg, s.c., b.i.d.) were studied on the hypothermic response to @entity1338 (0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) in male adult albino @entity35 . Single doses of @entity1338 in normal unmedicated @entity35 produced a marked (about 2 degrees C) fall in body temperature. In contrast, 0.9% @entity1219 control injections had no significant effect. The @entity1338 -induced @entity2332 was prevented by @entity3160 pretreatment (3.2 mg/kg, i.p., 1/2 hr before), suggesting an alpha 2-mediated response. On days 8 and 14 of chronic tricyclic antidepressant ( @entity2974 ) treatment, the hypothermic response was prolonged. Four days after the abrupt withdrawal of 20 days of @entity2974 treatment (10 mg/kg, s.c., b.i.d.), the @entity1338 -induced @entity2332 response was attenuated consistent with down-regulation of alpha 2-receptors. This latter effect was not observed with a dose of 3.2 mg/kg, s.c., b.i.d. of either @entity2974 .

title: Pharmacologic evidence that high dose chronic @entity3659 and @entity5829 down-regulate alpha 2-receptor-mediated @entity2332 in the XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3160 :: ('MESH:D015016', 'Chemical') :: ['yohimbine']

entities_list: @entity3659 :: ('MESH:D000639', 'Chemical') :: ['amitriptyline']

entities_list: @entity5829 :: ('MESH:D003891', 'Chemical') :: ['desipramine']

entities_list: @entity1338 :: ('MESH:D003000', 'Chemical') :: ['clonidine']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Post-mortem studies with brain samples of @entity161 @entity1 led revealed altered @entity1246 -ergic markers like reduced expression of the @entity1246 transporter @entity25177 . Whether this effect is due to the pathophysiology of @entity161 or to antipsychotic treatment has not been investigated. We therefore established an animal trial of long-term antipsychotic treatment to address this question. METHODS: A total of 33 adult male @entity35 were investigated in three cohorts of 11 animals. One group received @entity1088 (45 mg/kg/ day), another group @entity1767 (1.5 mg/kg/day), and the third one pH-adapted water over a period of 6 months. In situ hybridization with cRNA probes specific for @entity1246 transporters @entity22365 , @entity25177 and @entity25178 were performed in comparison to control animals. RESULTS: While @entity25177 was upregulated, @entity22365 expression declined in cortical and limbic brain regions, whereby @entity1767 showed a greater effect than @entity1088 . @entity25178 expression was suppressed in parietal and temporal cortex. CONCLUSIONS: We thus conclude that long-term antipsychotic treatment alters @entity1246 transporter expression in @entity35 . The upregulation of @entity25177 contrasts with the post-mortem finding of reduced @entity25177 expression in @entity161 @entity1 . Our results facilitate the distinction between disease dependent changes of GABAergic markers and medication effects.

title: Differential effects of long-term treatment with @entity1088 or @entity1767 on XXXX transporter expression.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1088 :: ('MESH:D003024', 'Chemical') :: ['clozapine']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenic', 'schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

answer: @entity1246 :: (MESH:D005680,Chemical) :: ['GABA']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity421 is a rare complication of @entity4261 with a very poor prognosis. Treatment is controversial: the older age of the @entity1 affected by @entity4261 may limit the use of chemotherapy and axial involvement may limit the practicality of surgery. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: The purposes of this study are (1) to report the survival in @entity1 treated for @entity421 in @entity4261 ; (2) to identify correlations between type of treatment and survival comparing our data with those in the literature; (3) to determine if the extent of @entity4261 and risk of malignant transformation are associated; (4) to assess if prognosis is related with site; and (5) to identify the variations of histologic subtypes of these @entity421 . METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 26 @entity1 treated between 1961 and 2006 who had @entity79 arising from a site of @entity4261 . Twenty two of the 26 @entity1 had surgery. In six surgery only was performed; three had surgery, adjuvant chemotherapy, and radiotherapy; one surgery and radiotherapy; 12 underwent surgery and chemotherapy, adjuvant in 10 @entity1 and neoadjuvant in two; two had only radiotherapy and two had only chemotherapy. We performed survival analyses between various combinations of treatment. RESULTS: At last followup four @entity1 had no evidence of disease (NED) at a minimum followup of 42.6 months (mean, 139 months; range, 42.6-257.4 months) and 22 died with disease (DWD) at a minimum time of 1 month (mean, 20.2 months; range, 1-84 months). One of the six @entity1 (11%) treated with surgery only had NED at 10 years; the other five died from disease at a mean of 30 months. Three of 12 @entity1 (25%) treated with surgery and chemotherapy are NED at a mean followup of 12 years; nine died of disease at a mean of 24 months. All @entity1 treated without surgery died at a mean of 7.5 months (range, 1-13.7 months). CONCLUSIONS: Despite improvements in surgery and medical treatments the prognosis remains poor in @entity1 with Paget's @entity242 .

title: The role of surgery and adjuvants to survival in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity4261 :: ('MESH:D010001', 'Disease') :: ["Paget's disease"]

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcomas', 'Osteosarcoma', 'osteosarcoma']

answer: @entity421 :: (MESH:D012516,Disease) :: ['Pagetic osteosarcoma']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: microRNA-188 expression is downregulated in several @entity5 . However, its function and mechanism in @entity1 @entity957 ( @entity957 ) remains obscure. The present study aims to identify the expression pattern, biological roles, and potential mechanism by which @entity7951 dysregulation is associated with @entity957 . Significant downregulation of @entity7951 was observed in @entity957 tissues compared with paired normal tissues. In vitro, gain-of-function, loss-of-function experiments were performed to examine the impact of @entity7951 on @entity5 cell proliferation, invasion, and cell cycle progression. Transfection of @entity7951 mimics suppressed Detroit 562 cell proliferation, cell cycle progression and invasion, with downregulation of @entity4910 , @entity1495 , and @entity7952 . Transfection of @entity7951 inhibitor in @entity1 cell line with high endogenous expression exhibited the opposite effects. Using fluorescence reporter assays, we confirmed that @entity7953 was a direct target of @entity7951 in @entity957 cells. Transfection of @entity7951 mimics downregulated @entity7953 expression. @entity7953 siRNA treatment abrogated @entity7951 inhibitor-induced @entity4910 and @entity1495 upregulation. In addition, we found that @entity7953 was overexpressed in 32 of 80 @entity957 tissues. In conclusion, this study indicates that @entity7951 downregulation might be associated with @entity957 progression. @entity7951 suppresses proliferation and invasion by targeting @entity7953 in @entity957 cells.

title: microRNA-188 is downregulated in @entity957 and inhibits proliferation and invasion by targeting XXXX .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['OSCC', 'oral squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity7953 :: (6495,Gene) :: ['SIX1']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study is to evaluate @entity591 -induced @entity854 in myocardium from @entity1 with a normal ejection fraction. BACKGROUND: @entity67 and left ventricular (LV) @entity1184 are closely linked. @entity591 can induce @entity712 in otherwise asymptomatic @entity1 . To study the effects of @entity591 on myocardial contractility and relaxation, we evaluated the effects of increasing pacing rates in myocardial biopsy samples obtained from @entity1 with a normal ejection fraction. METHODS: LV biopsy samples were obtained during coronary bypass surgery. Myocardial strip preparations were electrically paced at rates from 60 to 180 beats/min. Diastolic resting tone was assessed by cross-bridge deactivation. @entity460 transporting systems were functionally examined, and myofilament @entity460 sensitivity was studied. RESULTS: Incomplete relaxation developed in 7 preparations, with increased diastolic tension development at increasing pacing rates. This was absent in the remaining 7 preparations. Incomplete relaxation was found to be associated with increased LV mass and left atrial volume. Cross-bridge deactivation showed that these preparations also had a significant resting tone. Additional functional analyses suggest that incomplete relaxation is associated with disproportionately elevated cellular @entity460 loads due to a reduced sarcolemmal @entity460 extrusion reserve. CONCLUSIONS: @entity591 -induced incomplete relaxation was associated with increased LV mass and left atrial volumes. We also found a disproportionately increased @entity460 load at high rates and a substantial resting tone due to diastolic cross-bridge cycling. These observations may play a role in reduced exercise tolerance and @entity591 -induced @entity67 .

title: @entity591 -induced @entity67 and resting tone in myocardium from XXXX with a normal ejection fraction.

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['heart failure symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1184 :: ('MESH:D006984', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia', 'Tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['relaxation abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium', 'Calcium']

entities_list: @entity67 :: ('MESH:D018754', 'Disease') :: ['Diastolic dysfunction', 'diastolic dysfunction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy and feasibility of electrosurgical conization and @entity3459 as definitive treatments for @entity1 with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage @entity9216 squamous cell @entity189 and a resection margin free from (micro)invasive @entity189 after conization. METHODS: @entity1 with stage @entity9216 @entity957 without lymphovascular space invasion who had been treated by electrosurgical conization and @entity3459 and who wanted to preserve fertility (or only undertake conservative treatment) were followed up without further surgical intervention. @entity1 with @entity189 at resection margins or positive endocervical resection margins were excluded from the study. Cervicovaginal smears and colposcopic examination were performed at regular intervals. Disease recurrence was defined as a histologic diagnosis of @entity3146 2 or higher-grade lesions. RESULTS: A total of 85 @entity1 enrolled were deemed eligible to be involved in the study. The median follow-up period was 81.0 months (range, 13-127 months). Nineteen of the 85 @entity1 had exocervical resection margins. There was one case of recurrence, which was node-positive invasive @entity5 recurrence (1.2%, 1/85), in @entity1 with negative resection margins. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that electrosurgical conization with @entity3459 is a feasible treatment and could be used as a definitive therapy for @entity1 with stage @entity9216 @entity957 without lymphovascular space invasion. In addition, @entity1 having cervical @entity5436 2 and 3 at exocervical resection margins could be followed up carefully without further treatment after conization and @entity3459 .

title: Conization using electrosurgical conization and @entity3459 for international federation of gynecology and obstetrics stage @entity9216 XXXX of the uterine cervix.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['cervical squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma of the cervix', 'carcinoma', 'invasive or microinvasive carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['cold coagulation']

entities_list: @entity3146 :: ('MESH:D018290', 'Disease') :: ['cervical intraepithelial neoplasia']

entities_list: @entity5436 :: ('MESH:D019048', 'Disease') :: ['intraepithelial neoplasias']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['squamous cell carcinomas']


abstract: Soluble or membrane-anchored ligands of @entity3223 and their receptor have a critical role in the elimination of @entity5 cells and disease progression. Plasma samples of 98 @entity1 with @entity1072 ( @entity1072 ) were analyzed with specific ELISA systems for soluble major histocompatibility complex class I-related chains (sMICA and sMICB) and UL-16-binding proteins ( @entity23522 ). The flow cytometric analysis of @entity1531 on @entity1072 cells and @entity3223 ( @entity3223 ) receptors on NK cells was performed after thawing of frozen peripheral blood lymphocytes of @entity1072 @entity1 (N=51). Levels of sMICA, sMICB, and sULBP2 were significantly increased (P<0.001) compared with 48 controls, whereas sULBP1 3 were not detectable in @entity1 and controls. Levels of sMICA>990 pg/ml (P=0.014), sMICB>200 pg/ml (P=0.0001), and sULBP2>105 pg/ml (P<0.0001) were associated with poor treatment-free survival (TFS). Neither @entity1531 nor @entity3223 expression could be related to clinical parameters. In multivariate analysis Binet stage (P=0.002), sULBP2 (P=0.002) and @entity6755 (P=0.002) were independent predictive factors for TFS. In @entity1 with Binet stage A, sULBP2 levels>105 pg/ml were strongly associated (P=0.0025) with poor TFS. Our data show that soluble but not membrane-anchored @entity3223 ligands or receptors are of prognostic significance in @entity1072 . Moreover, sULBP2 seems to be useful to identify early-stage @entity1 with risk of disease progression.

title: The prognostic significance of soluble XXXX ligands in @entity1072 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3223 :: ('22914', 'Gene') :: ['natural killer group 2 member D', 'NKG2D']

entities_list: @entity1072 :: ('MESH:D015451', 'Disease') :: ['CLL', 'B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia']

answer: @entity3223 :: (22914,Gene) :: ['NKG2D']


abstract: A phase I/II study was conducted to test the feasibility and safety of the adoptive transfer of @entity5 -reactive T cells and daily injections of interferon-alpha ( @entity3027 ) in @entity320 @entity1 with progressive disease. @entity320 cell lines were established to generate @entity5 -specific T cells by autologous mixed @entity5 cell cultures using peripheral blood lymphocytes. Ten @entity1 were treated with on average 259 (range 38-474) million T cells per infusion to a maximum of six infusions, and clinical response was evaluated according to the response evaluation criteria in @entity5 (RECIST). Five @entity1 showed clinical benefit from this treatment, including one complete regression, one partial response, and three @entity1 with stable disease. No treatment-related serious adverse events were observed, except for the appearance of @entity39 -like fingertips in one @entity1 . An @entity3027 -related transient @entity1210 was detected in 6 @entity1 , including all responders. One responding @entity1 displayed @entity1694 . The infused T-cell batches consisted of @entity5 -reactive polyclonal @entity405 + and/or @entity404 + T cells. Clinical reactivity correlated with the functional properties of the infused @entity5 -specific T cells, including their in vitro expansion rate and the secretion of mainly @entity1198 cytokines as opposed to Th2 cytokines. Our study shows that relatively low doses of T cells and low-dose @entity3027 can lead to successful treatment of @entity320 and reveals a number of parameters potentially associated with this success.

title: Successful treatment of XXXX by adoptive transfer of blood-derived polyclonal @entity5 -specific @entity404 + and @entity405 + T cells in combination with low-dose interferon-alpha.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrotic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'lymphocyte tumor', 'solid tumors']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic melanoma', 'Autologous melanoma']

entities_list: @entity1210 :: ('MESH:C536227', 'Disease') :: ['leucopenia']

answer: @entity320 :: (MESH:D008545,Disease) :: ['metastatic melanoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE:     To evaluate prospectively the efficacy of the retroluminar transobturator male sling (AdVance   sling) for the functional treatment of stress @entity322 (SUI) after prostatectomy. @entity1 AND METHODS:     A total of 137 @entity1 with grade II-IV SUI, resulting from radical prostatectomy, were treated with the AdVance   sling in a prospective clinical study. In all, 11 @entity1 were lost to follow-up. A total of 17 @entity1 (13.5%) had additional adjuvant radiotherapy before sling implantation.     Before and after sling implantation, a standardized 1-h pad test was performed and post-void residual urine, uroflowmetry, quality-of-life scores and the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5) were assessed.     When calculating the cure and improvement rates, 'cure' was defined as no pad use or one dry prophylactic pad; and 'improved' was defined as 1-2 pads or reduction of pads >=  50%. RESULTS:     After a median (range) follow-up of 27 (20-37) months, and a mean follow-up of 27.2 months, the success rate was 75.4% with 51.6%'cured' and 23.8%'improved'.     Overall daily pad use, urine loss in the 1-h pad test and quality-of-life scores improved significantly after sling implantation.     Compared with 1-year follow-up data, no worsening over time was noticed and no additional complications were seen. CONCLUSION:     With a mid-term follow-up, the retroluminar transobturator male sling is an effective, safe and attractive treatment option for SUI after radical prostatectomy. Results are stable over time.

title: Mid-term results for the retroluminar transobturator sling suspension for stress XXXX after prostatectomy.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['PATIENTS', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['urinary incontinence']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comparing relative potency of new local anesthetics, such as @entity1343 and @entity1342 , by the minimum local analgesic concentration model has not been described for caudal anesthesia. Therefore, we performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to determine the minimum local analgesic concentrations of a caudal single shot of @entity1342 and @entity1343 in @entity1 and to describe the upper dose-response curve. METHODS: We performed a two-stage prospective, randomized, double-blind study comparing the dose-response curves of caudal @entity1342 and @entity1343 in @entity1 . In phase 1, 80 @entity1 were randomized to receive either @entity1342 or @entity1343 . In the second phase a further 32 @entity1 were randomly allocated to receive caudal anesthesia with doses designed to delineate the upper dose-response range (the 50% effective dose [ @entity2613 (50)]- @entity2613 (95) range). RESULTS: There were no significant differences in @entity2613 (50) values for caudal @entity1342 and @entity1343 . The @entity2613 (50) for @entity1343 estimated from the Dixon Massey method was 0.069% (95% CI 0.056%-0.082%) and for @entity1342 was 0.075% (95% CI 0.058%-0.092%). Estimated by isotonic regression the @entity2613 (50) and @entity2613 (95) respectively of @entity1343 were 0.068 (0.04-0.09) and 0.20% (95% CI 0.16%-0.24%). For @entity1342 @entity2613 50 and ED95 were 0.066 (0.033-0.098) and 0.225% (95% CI 0.21%-0.24%). CONCLUSIONS: In @entity1 receiving one minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration of @entity2614 , there were no significant differences in the @entity2613 (50) for caudal @entity1343 and @entity1342 . The potency ratio at @entity2613 (50) was 0.92 and 0.89 at @entity2613 (95), indicating that caudal @entity1343 and @entity1342 have a similar potency.

title: Relative analgesic potencies of @entity1343 and @entity1342 for caudal anesthesia in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'boys']

entities_list: @entity1342 :: ('MESH:C037663', 'Chemical') :: ['ropivacaine']

entities_list: @entity1343 :: ('MESH:C476513', 'Chemical') :: ['levobupivacaine']

entities_list: @entity2614 :: ('MESH:C009250', 'Chemical') :: ['sevoflurane']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['children']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity592 is neuroprotective in animal models and may @entity2553 ( @entity2553 ) in @entity1 @entity510 ( @entity510 ). We evaluated safety, feasibility and tolerability of intravenous @entity592 (IV-D) in @entity1 with @entity510 . METHODS: In this single-centre, randomised, double blind, placebo-controlled trial, 31 @entity1 with @entity510 were randomised to IV-D 1.25   mg every 6   h for 7   days (n=16) or equiosmolar free water/5% @entity2656 (placebo; n=15). Primary safety end points were incidence of hyponatraemia (sNa <=132   mmol/L) and liver @entity137 (proportion of @entity1 @entity493 transaminase, @entity492 aminotransferase and AlkPhos >5  upper-limit-of-normal). Secondary end points included tolerability, systemic @entity551 and @entity428 . Efficacy was explored for clinical/radiological @entity2553 , delayed @entity1779 (DCI), and 3-month functional outcomes. Quantitative analyses of angiograms and daily transcranial Doppler (TCD) were performed. RESULTS: Between IV-D versus placebo, no differences were observed in the primary outcomes ( @entity2753 44% vs 67% (p=0.29); liver @entity137 6% vs 0% (p=1.0)). Three @entity1 in the IV-D versus two in the placebo group had severe adverse events possibly attributable to infusion and reached stop criteria: one IV-D @entity1 developed liver @entity137 ; two @entity1 in each group developed @entity4 requiring osmotherapy. The majority of adverse events were not related to infusion (17 vs 5 (RR 2.2; 95% CI 0.7 to 6.7; p=0.16) in IV-D vs placebo). No differences in any categorical @entity2553 outcomes, DCI, 3-month outcomes or quantitative angiogram and TCD analyses were seen in this small safety trial not powered to detect efficacy. CONCLUSIONS: In this small trial, IV-D after @entity510 was feasible, tolerable and safe. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: http://clinicaltrials.gov NCT01024972.

title: @entity592 for XXXX after @entity510 : a randomised double blind placebo-controlled safety trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2656 :: ('MESH:D008353', 'Chemical') :: ['mannitol']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage', 'aSAH']

entities_list: @entity428 :: ('MESH:D019586', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity4 :: ('MESH:D004487', 'Disease') :: ['brain oedema']

entities_list: @entity2753 :: ('MESH:D007010', 'Disease') :: ['hyponatremia']

entities_list: @entity492 :: ('CHEBI:29995', 'Chemical') :: ['aspartate']

entities_list: @entity2553 :: ('MESH:D020301', 'Disease') :: ['attenuate cerebral vasospasm', 'cVSP']

entities_list: @entity592 :: ('MESH:D003620', 'Chemical') :: ['dantrolene', 'Dantrolene']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity493 :: ('CHEBI:16449', 'Chemical') :: ['alanine']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischaemia']

answer: @entity2553 :: (MESH:D020301,Disease) :: ['cerebral vasospasm']


abstract: We report our single-center experience using detachable balloons (DB), @entity6038 covered stents (MicroPort, Shanghai, China) to treat post-traumatic direct carotid-cavernous @entity292 (DCCFs), focusing on preservation of the internal carotid artery (ICA). We retrospectively reviewed the records of 51 @entity1 who received @entity34 ( @entity34 ). @entity34 with DBs was chosen as the first-line therapeutic strategy, and Willis covered stent placement and coiling was the alternative. The patency and stability of all DCCFs was evaluated by angiographic and clinical follow-up for between 3 and 48 months. A total of 54 DCCFs in 51 @entity1 were treated as follows: DB alone (n=40); combined DB and Willis covered stent (n=8); Willis covered stent alone (n=2); combined DB and coils (n=2); coils alone (n=1); and DB in combination with both coils and a Willis covered stent (n=1). Overall, 98% of DCCFs were successfully treated with the occlusion of the @entity292 and preservation of the ICA; the ICA was sacrificed in only one @entity1 . Approximately 85% of DCCFs were successfully treated with DBs alone. Second and third administrations of @entity34 were required in 12 DCCFs. DCCF-related symptoms improved gradually between 1 day and 6 months after treatment. @entity34 using DB to occlude @entity292 and preserve the ICA is the preferential treatment for DCCFs. When standard treatment has failed, coils and/or Willis covered stents can be used as a safe alternative or remedial tool with @entity6455 preservation and reconstruction.

title: Endovascular treatment of post-traumatic direct carotid-cavernous XXXX : A single-center experience.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity292 :: ('MESH:D005402', 'Disease') :: ['fistula', 'fistulas']

entities_list: @entity6038 :: ('MESH:D011218', 'Disease') :: ['coils and Willis']

entities_list: @entity34 :: ('MESH:D016609', 'Disease') :: ['EVT', 'endovascular treatment']

answer: @entity292 :: (MESH:D005402,Disease) :: ['fistulas']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Maintenance therapy with targeted agents for prolonging remission for @entity43 @entity1 remains controversial. As a result, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety of using maintenance therapy with targeted agents for the treatment of @entity43 . METHODS: From inception to January 2015, we searched for @entity23 ( @entity23 ) using the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov and EBSCO. Eligible trials included @entity23 that evaluated standard chemotherapy which was either followed or not followed by targeted maintenance in @entity1 with @entity43 who had been previously receiving adjunctive treatments, such as cytoreductive surgery and standard chemotherapy. The outcome measures included progression-free survival (PFS), @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ) and incidence of adverse events. RESULTS: A total of 13 @entity23 , which were published between 2006 and 2014, were found to be in accordance with our inclusion criteria. The primary meta-analysis indicated that both PFS and @entity1349 were statistically and significantly improved in the targeted maintenance therapy group as compared to the control group (PFS: HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.75 to 0.95, p = 0.001; @entity1349 : HR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84 to 0.98, p = 0.02). When taking safety into consideration, the use of targeted agents was significantly correlated with increased risks of @entity1295 , @entity294 , @entity390 , @entity391 , and @entity101 . However, no significant differences were found in incidence rates of @entity490 , @entity1142 or joint @entity158 . CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that targeted maintenance therapy clearly improves the survival of @entity43 @entity1 but may also increase the incidence of adverse events. Additional randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter investigations will be required on a larger cohort of @entity1 to verify our findings.

title: Maintenance Therapy in @entity43 with Targeted Agents Improves PFS and XXXX : A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['ovarian cancer']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity294 :: ('MESH:D003967', 'Disease') :: ['diarrhea']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['RCTs', 'randomized, controlled trials']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['constipation']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity1349 :: (MESH:D011475,Disease) :: ['OS']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity599 mustard (SM), with extensive nucleophilic and alkylating properties, was employed during the Iran-Iraq war by Iraqi forces. The most critical complications attributed to SM are related to @entity358 collectively known as " @entity358 ". The symptoms gradually emerge over a long period, becoming chronic, and are dependent on time and the amount of exposed SM. Because of the unknown and complex nature of the disease, no differential diagnostic method or absolute treatment strategy has been formally developed. OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to determine the expression pattern of the microRNAs (miRNAs) miR-92a and @entity8397 in the serum of @entity1 with @entity358 along with that of normal individuals. miRNAs have been shown to possess stable persistence in biofluids like plasma and serum and are considered non-aggressive biomarkers helpful for diagnosis and treatment of many diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A highly sensitive approach called stem-loop real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to study the expression of miRNAs. RESULTS: The expression of miR-92a and @entity8397 was significantly down-regulated in the serum of @entity1 with @entity358 compared to the control group. DISCUSSION: Down-regulation of miR-92a and @entity8397 may be due to chronic epigenetic alterations after SM exposure, which finally leads to changes in vital cellular processes such as differentiation, proliferation and so forth. CONCLUSION: Our findings may provide a differential diagnostic method that is effective for diagnosing @entity358 caused by SM exposure. Additionally, these miRNAs may be regarded as probable targets for treatment of @entity651 .

title: Decreased expression of @entity8397 and miR-92a in the serum from XXXX mustard-exposed @entity1 during the chronic phase of resulting illness.

entities_list: @entity651 :: ('MESH:D055370', 'Disease') :: ['lung injuries']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['mustard lung', 'dangerous pulmonary disorders', 'lung diseases']

answer: @entity599 :: (MESH:D013455,Chemical) :: ['sulfur']


abstract: In order to investigate the hormone feature and the effect of @entity2847 on endocrine profile in @entity1 with @entity3610 ( @entity3610 ), twenty-four-hour secretion pattern of LH, FSH, PRL and @entity251 were assessed in 8 @entity3610 @entity1 and 4 normal @entity1 as controls by obtaining serial blood samples, taken through a forearm cannula, at 30 minute intervals for 24 hours. @entity2847 , 5 mg/day was given and 3 @entity1 were reassessed in the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle after ovulatory periods were established during @entity2847 therapy. There was significant difference in pulse amplitude, but not in pulse frequency of LH and @entity251 between @entity3610 and normal @entity1 (23.1 +/- 9.49 vs 5.75 +/- 1.28 mIU/ml, p less than 0.01; 27.8 +/- 10.1 vs 10.2 +/- 2.63 ng/dl, p less than 0.01), and the 24 hour mean LH and @entity251 levels were higher (p less than 0.01) in @entity3610 (52.3 +/- 20.1 mIU/ml, 105.1 +/- 15.9 ng/dl) than in normal @entity1 (13.4 +/- 4.31 mIU/ml, 54.3 +/- 13.3 ng/dl). Though a pulsatility in FSH secretion was identified, no difference between normal @entity1 and @entity3610 was observed. Mean PRL level was within the normal range in @entity3610 but with a higher pulse frequency (p less than 0.01) and lower pulse amplitude (p less than 0.01) than those of the normal @entity1 . Furthermore, LH and @entity251 secretions maintained the circadian changes in @entity3610 @entity1 against the normal @entity1 . During @entity2847 therapy, mean level and pulse amplitude of LH and @entity251 were significantly suppressed, without changing in pulse frequency, whilst PRL secretory patterns were not reestablished. In conclusion we have found that @entity3610 is associated with high level and pulse amplitude of LH and @entity251 , with high frequency and low amplitude of PRL, and @entity2847 administration can blunt LH, PRL and @entity251 secretion, suggesting a hypothalamic intervention in gonadotropic regulation in @entity1 with @entity3610 . In addition, the degree of @entity2847 to inhibit LH secretion might be related to the dose or duration of its administration, or to the sensitivity of the @entity1 . The mechanism of @entity2847 for marked LH suppression in @entity3610 @entity1 remains to be elucidated.

title: [Effects of @entity2847 on endocrine environment in the XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2847 :: ('MESH:D001971', 'Chemical') :: ['bromocriptine', 'Bromocriptine']

entities_list: @entity3610 :: ('MESH:D011085', 'Disease') :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome', 'PCO']

entities_list: @entity251 :: ('MESH:D013739', 'Chemical') :: ['testosterone']

answer: @entity3610 :: (MESH:D011085,Disease) :: ['polycystic ovary syndrome']


abstract: 1. Partially purified @entity35 liver @entity7222 decarboxylase is inhibited by several @entity7223 including @entity7224 , @entity7225 , @entity7226 and @entity7227 . 2. The inhibition is dependent on pH, being strong at pH above 8 and negligible below pH 6.5. 3. The kinetic study of the inhibition showed that while the aromatic @entity7228 behaved as a simple competitive inhibitor, the aliphatic @entity7223 presented a more complex pattern of inhibition in which two molecules of inhibitor might bind to the enzyme active site. 4. The Ki values for the different inhibitors were calculated and the degree of affinity for the enzyme was @entity7227 greater than @entity7224 greater than @entity7226 greater than @entity7225 . 5. A molecular mechanism explaining how one or two molecules of inhibitor can bind to the enzyme is proposed.

title: Kinetic study of the inhibition of @entity35 liver @entity7222 decarboxylase by XXXX ; considerations on the mechanism of interaction between enzyme and inhibitor.

entities_list: @entity7225 :: ('MESH:C009475', 'Chemical') :: ['1,3-diaminopropane']

entities_list: @entity7227 :: ('MESH:C029728', 'Chemical') :: ['p-phenylenediamine']

entities_list: @entity7222 :: ('CHEBI:18257', 'Chemical') :: ['ornithine']

entities_list: @entity7226 :: ('MESH:D002103', 'Chemical') :: ['cadaverine']

entities_list: @entity7224 :: ('MESH:D011700', 'Chemical') :: ['putrescine']

entities_list: @entity7228 :: ('CHEBI:15571', 'Chemical') :: ['diamine']

entities_list: @entity7223 :: ('MESH:D003959', 'Chemical') :: ['diamines']

answer: @entity7223 :: (MESH:D003959,Chemical) :: ['diamines']


abstract: We report a @entity808 with well differentiated ducts resembling cutaneous sweat ducts. The @entity5 presented as a painless mass near the left knee of a 41-year-old female. The mass had been present for many years. Some increase in size had been noticed over the previous 2 to 3 yr. The bulk of the @entity5 was composed of spindle cells with the appearance of Antoni A and Antoni B tissue. Rare mitotic figures were noted. In several areas of the @entity5 , numerous well-differentiated ducts were present. Most resembled normal cutaneous sweat ducts. In some areas, @entity384 of the ducts was present. Focal areas demonstrated poorly formed ducts and single cells with prominent nuclei and ample cytoplasm. Well formed ducts, poorly formed ducts, and single cells marked with @entity2278 (keratin) and epithelial membrane antigen. The spindle cell proliferation marked for S 100 protein and @entity2277 . Sweat duct differentiation has not been reported previously in either benign or @entity5 . Light and electron microscopic features of this @entity5 are presented.

title: XXXX with sweat duct differentiation.

entities_list: @entity808 :: ('MESH:D009442', 'Disease') :: ['schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant schwannoma']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['cystic dilatation']

answer: @entity808 :: (MESH:D009442,Disease) :: ['Schwannoma']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate gait biomechanics after training with a virtual reality (VR) system and to elucidate underlying mechanisms that contributed to the observed functional improvement in gait speed and distance. DESIGN: A single blind randomized control study. SETTING: Gait analysis laboratory in a rehabilitation hospital and the community. @entity1 : Fifteen @entity1 and three @entity1 with @entity1269 caused by @entity64 . INTERVENTIONS: Subjects trained on a six-degree of freedom force-feedback robot interfaced with a VR simulation. Subjects were randomized to either a VR group (n=9) or non-VR group (NVR, n=9). Training was performed three times a week for 4 weeks for approximately 1h each visit. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Kinematic and kinetic gait parameters. RESULTS: Subjects in the VR group demonstrated a significantly larger increase in ankle power generation at push-off as a result of training (p=0.036). The VR group had greater change in ankle ROM post-training (19.5%) as compared to the NVR group (3.3%). Significant differences were found in knee ROM on the affected side during stance and swing, with greater change in the VR group. No significant changes were observed in kinematics or kinetics of the hip post-training. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are encouraging because they support the potential for recovery of force and power of the lower extremity for individuals with chronic @entity1269 . It is likely that the effects of training included improved motor control at the ankle, which enabled the cascade of changes that produced the functional improvements seen after training.

title: Effects of virtual reality training on gait biomechanics of individuals post- XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'men']

entities_list: @entity1269 :: ('MESH:D010291', 'Disease') :: ['hemiparesis']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: Neuronal apoptotic death involves the participation of reactive @entity26 species (ROS), but their sources have not been completely elucidated. Previous studies have demonstrated that the ROS-producing enzyme @entity1110 oxidase is present in neuronal cells and that this enzyme could participate in the apoptotic @entity528 . Cerebellar granule neurons (CGN) undergo apoptosis when cells are transferred from a medium with 25 mM @entity4338 (K25) to a 5 mM @entity4338 (K5) medium or when they are treated with @entity866 (ST). Under these conditions, apoptotic death of CGN is dependent on ROS production. In this study, we evaluated the role of @entity8930 , an @entity1110 oxidase homolog, in the apoptotic death of CGN induced by two different conditions. In CGN from @entity8930 -deficient (ko) @entity19 , a significantly lower rate of apoptotic death occurs compared with wild-type (wt) CGN. Also, @entity185 activation, @entity1110 oxidase activity, and @entity224 anion production induced by ST were markedly lower in ko neurons than in wt CGN. In contrast to the case with ST, when CGN were treated with K5, no differences were observed between ko and wt cells in any of the parameters measured. However, all @entity1110 oxidase inhibitors tested noticeably reduced cell death and apoptotic parameters induced by K5 in both wt and ko CGN. These results suggest that @entity8930 could be necessary for apoptotic death induced by ST, but not by K5, which could require other member of the NOX family in the apoptotic process.

title: @entity8930 mediates apoptotic death induced by XXXX but not by potassium deprivation in cerebellar granule neurons.

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

entities_list: @entity866 :: ('MESH:D019311', 'Chemical') :: ['staurosporine']

entities_list: @entity528 :: ('MESH:D009410', 'Disease') :: ['neuronal death']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['superoxide']

answer: @entity866 :: (MESH:D019311,Chemical) :: ['staurosporine']


abstract: Increased @entity4664 concentrations play an important role in the development of @entity5 at all stages, from initiation through to maintenance of the transformed phenotype. One way @entity5 cells accumulate increased concentrations of @entity4663 is by increased uptake of preformed @entity4663 via their PTS ( @entity4664 transport system). The PTS is promiscuous and will transport a range of @entity4664 -based molecules. Therefore it may be that cytotoxic drugs could be attached to @entity4664 vectors and targeted selectively to @entity5 cells by utilizing the PTS. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of @entity21452 , a @entity7224 - @entity10517 conjugate, to target cytotoxic agents to @entity1 @entity5 cells as a paradigm for a novel method of selective drug delivery. @entity21452 induced @entity137 after only 24 h exposure. Apoptosis was the predominant type of cell death, with mechanistic studies revealing that oxidative stress and DNA damage may have a part to play. For the first time, uptake of @entity21452 via the PTS was demonstrated both directly and indirectly in @entity1 cell lines. In addition, @entity21452 significantly reduced @entity7224 uptake, demonstrating that this conjugate not only used the PTS, but also could successfully compete with its native @entity4664 for uptake. However, the most interesting finding was the intracellular depletion of the @entity4664 pools, providing an additional mode of @entity137 for @entity21452 and the possibility that this molecule may act as a 'double-edged sword': preventing cell growth by delivery of the toxic moiety and by depletion of intracellular @entity4664 content.

title: A XXXX - @entity10517 conjugate: a paradigm for selective drug delivery.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'cytotoxicity']

entities_list: @entity10517 :: ('MESH:C034020', 'Chemical') :: ['anthracene']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity4663 :: ('MESH:D011073', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamines']

entities_list: @entity4664 :: ('CHEBI:60143', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamine']

answer: @entity7224 :: (MESH:D011700,Chemical) :: ['putrescine']


abstract: Elevated @entity515 levels ( @entity2944 ) frequently occur in @entity1 with @entity3885 and are associated with increased mortality. However, the effects of @entity2944 on non-neuronal tissues and the mechanisms that mediate these effects are largely unknown. Here, we develop @entity238 as a genetically tractable model for defining non-neuronal @entity515 responses and response pathways. We show that @entity2944 significantly impairs embryonic morphogenesis, egg laying, and egg hatching even in mutants lacking the Gr63a neuronal @entity515 sensor. Consistent with previous reports that @entity520 can suppress @entity1 NF-kappaB-regulated innate immune genes, we find that in adult flies and the phagocytic immune-responsive S2* cell line, @entity2944 suppresses induction of specific antimicrobial peptides that are regulated by Relish, a conserved Rel/NF-kappaB family member. Correspondingly, modest @entity2944 (7-13%) increases mortality of flies inoculated with @entity797 , A. tumefaciens, or @entity794 . During @entity797 and A. tumefaciens infection, increased bacterial loads were observed, indicating that @entity2944 can decrease host resistance. Hypercapnic immune suppression is not mediated by acidosis, the olfactory @entity515 receptor Gr63a, or by @entity842 signaling. Further, @entity2944 does not induce responses characteristic of @entity519 , oxidative stress, or @entity1457 . Finally, proteolysis of the Relish IkappaB-like domain is unaffected by @entity2944 , indicating that immunosuppression acts downstream of, or in parallel to, Relish proteolytic activation. Our results suggest that hypercapnic immune suppression is mediated by a conserved response pathway, and illustrate a mechanism by which @entity2944 could contribute to worse outcomes of @entity1 with @entity358 , who frequently suffer from both @entity2944 and @entity1729 .

title: Elevated @entity515 suppresses specific XXXX innate immune responses and resistance to bacterial infection.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['mammalian', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2944 :: ('MESH:D006935', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnia']

entities_list: @entity1457 :: ('MESH:D012769', 'Disease') :: ['heat shock']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive pulmonary diseases']

entities_list: @entity520 :: ('MESH:D000138', 'Disease') :: ['hypercapnic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['advanced lung disease']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity238 :: ('7227', 'Species') :: ['Drosophila']

answer: @entity238 :: (7227,Species) :: ['Drosophila']


abstract: Habitually terrestrial monkeys adopt digitigrade hand postures at slow speeds to increase effective forelimb length and reduce distal limb joint moments. As these primates move faster, however, their hands transition to a more palmigrade posture, which is likely associated with the inability of wrist and hand joints to resist higher ground reaction forces (GRF) associated with faster speeds. Transitioning to a palmigrade posture may serve to distribute GRFs over a larger surface area (i.e., increased palmar contact), ultimately reducing stresses in fragile hand bones. To test this hypothesis, dynamic palmar pressure data were collected on two adult @entity6599 ( @entity3474 ) walking, running, and galloping across a runway integrated with a dynamic pressure mat (20 steps each; speed range: 0.46-4.0 m/s). Peak GRF, contact area, peak pressure, and pressure-time integral were quantified in two regions of the hand: fingers and palms (including metacarpal heads). At slower speeds with lower GRFs, the @entity6599 use digitigrade postures resulting in small palmar contact area (largely across the metacarpal heads). At faster speeds with higher GRFs, they used less digitigrade hand postures resulting in @entity101 . Finger contact area did not change across speeds. Despite higher GRFs at faster speeds, metacarpal pressure was moderated across speeds due to @entity101 as animals transitioned from digitigrady to palmigrady. In contrast, the pressure in the fingers increased with faster speeds. Results indicate that the transition from digitigrady to palmigrady distributes increased forces over a larger palmar surface area. Such dynamic changes in palmar pressure likely moderate strain in the gracile bones of the hand, a structure that is integral not only for locomotion, but also feeding and social behaviors in primates.

title: Dynamic pressure patterns in the hands of XXXX ( @entity3474 ) during terrestrial locomotion: implications for cercopithecoid primate hand morphology.

entities_list: @entity3474 :: ('9555', 'Species') :: ['Papio anubis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['increased palmar contact area']

answer: @entity3474 :: (9555,Species) :: ['olive baboons']


abstract: The extremely prominent negative U wave occasionally appears during a @entity299 in @entity5968 . The clinical profile of the negative U wave was therefore studied in 80 @entity1 with @entity5968 ( @entity5968 ) and 33 controls with @entity951 ( @entity951 ). The prominent negative U wave appeared in 55 of the @entity1 with @entity5968 (68.8% of @entity1 ) and in 10 of the @entity1 with @entity951 (30.3%); thus, there was a significant difference in the appearance of the wave between the 2 groups of @entity1 (p less than 0.001). The leads in which the negative U wave appeared were mostly consistent with those in which the ST segment was elevated. The negative U wave began to appear at about the time when ST-segment elevation began to improve; the wave then gradually became very prominent and then eventually disappeared. The @entity1 with @entity5968 and also those with @entity951 on whose ECGs the negative U wave appeared during exercise testing also had negative U waves during spontaneous episodes of @entity951 . An investigation of the frequency of appearance of ST deviation and negative U waves during exercise testing, regardless of the type of @entity951 , disclosed that the negative U wave appeared in 14 of 20 @entity1 with ST-segment elevation (70% of @entity1 ), while the negative U wave appeared in only 52 of 519 @entity1 with either no ST change or ST-segment @entity308 (10.4%); thus, there was a significant difference in the appearance of the negative U wave between these 2 groups (p less than 0.001). Coronary cinearteriography failed to disclose any apparent difference between the appearance of the negative U wave and the presence of @entity850 . The prognosis of @entity5968 and @entity951 in @entity1 with negative U waves was less favorable compared to those without negative U waves. In particular, we noted that of the 10 @entity1 with @entity951 associated with negative U waves, 4 died. Although the mechanism of the negative U wave is not yet known, we believe that the above findings contribute to its elucidation.

title: Prominent negative U wave in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5968 :: ('MESH:D000788', 'Disease') :: ['VA', 'variant angina pectoris']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['RA', 'resting angina pectoris', 'angina pectoris', 'angina']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac attack']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity5968 :: (MESH:D000788,Disease) :: ['variant angina pectoris']


abstract: To determine the nature, extent, and severity of renal involvement in @entity7372 ( @entity28 , @entity1032 , @entity5767 , @entity6126 , and pigmented @entity1105 ), we evaluated 20 of 30 @entity1 with the disorder identified from ophthalmologic records in Newfoundland. The mean age was 31 years, and seven were male. All 20 @entity1 had structural or functional @entity8 or both. Three had @entity454 , with two requiring maintenance hemodialysis. The remaining 17 @entity1 had normal serum @entity1011 values and estimated @entity1011 clearances. Half the subjects had @entity101 . Fourteen of 17 @entity1 could not concentrate urine above 750 mOsm per kilogram of body weight even after vasopressin, whereas all 10 normal controls could. Urinary pH decreased below 5.3 after @entity5819 administration in all 15 normal controls, but in only 13 of 18 @entity1 . Calyceal clubbing or blunting was evident in 18 of 19 @entity1 studied by intravenous pyelography; 13 @entity1 had @entity45 or @entity7261 . Seventeen of 19 @entity1 had lobulated renal outlines of the fetal type. Four @entity1 had @entity8 , but only two of these had @entity177 . We conclude that @entity7372 includes the presence of @entity8 .

title: The spectrum of @entity8 in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['diffuse renal cortical loss', 'renal abnormalities', 'abnormalities of the kidneys']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obesity']

entities_list: @entity1105 :: ('MESH:D058499', 'Disease') :: ['retinal dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity5767 :: ('MESH:D017689', 'Disease') :: ['polydactyly']

entities_list: @entity7261 :: ('MESH:D004240', 'Disease') :: ['diverticula']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal insufficiency']

entities_list: @entity45 :: ('MESH:D010181', 'Disease') :: ['calyceal cysts']

entities_list: @entity5819 :: ('MESH:D000643', 'Chemical') :: ['ammonium chloride']

entities_list: @entity6126 :: ('MESH:D007006', 'Disease') :: ['hypogonadism']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity7372 :: ('MESH:D007849', 'Disease') :: ['Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease']

answer: @entity7372 :: (MESH:D007849,Disease) :: ['Laurence-Moon-Biedl syndrome']


abstract: Although limb salvage surgery for primary @entity242 of the upper limb is a standard procedure, it often is technically challenging. We asked whether segmental resection and replantation would provide (1) local control and long-term survival and (2) useful limb function in @entity1 who had advanced primary @entity146 of the upper limbs. We retrospectively reviewed six @entity1 treated with this procedure when a wide resection around the @entity5 could not be achieved with other limb-salvage procedures. Diagnoses included @entity421 (two), @entity2828 (one), @entity1822 (one), and @entity2967 (two). Four @entity1 had displaced pathologic @entity174 . Minimum followup was 40 months (mean, 164 months; range, 40-214 months). All but one @entity1 remained disease-free; the @entity1 with @entity2828 died from the disease 40 months after surgery. The average functional score at last followup was 20 points. The mean grasping and pinching power of the operative hand were 66% and 72% of the contralateral side, respectively. Two @entity1 had complications: one had wound dehiscence that subsequently healed and one had @entity4542 that recovered spontaneously by 3 months. Segmental resection and replantation may have a role in selected cases for treatment of advanced primary @entity242 or @entity146 as partial limb salvage. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.

title: Segmental resection and replantation have a role for selected advanced XXXX in the upper limb.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma"]

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive giant cell tumor of the upper limb', 'malignant and aggressive tumors']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

entities_list: @entity2967 :: ('MESH:D005870', 'Disease') :: ['giant cell tumor']

entities_list: @entity1822 :: ('MESH:D007890', 'Disease') :: ['leiomyosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity421 :: ('MESH:D012516', 'Disease') :: ['osteosarcoma']

entities_list: @entity4542 :: ('MESH:D020425', 'Disease') :: ['radial nerve palsy']

answer: @entity242 :: (MESH:D012509,Disease) :: ['sarcomas']


abstract: An understanding of population-specific variation in pediatric @entity130 is essential to the development of effective prevention strategies. The purpose of this study was to examine the etiology of pediatric @entity130 considering age and race categories using the National Burn Repository. The authors reviewed the records of all pediatric @entity1 (age <18 years) in the American Burn Association's National Burn Registry injured between 1995 and 2007. The authors compared @entity1 and injury characteristics across race, age, etiology, and payor status. A total of 46,582 @entity1 were included in this study. The etiology of @entity130 varied by both age and race. Populations of color were younger, constituting 53.8% of @entity1 younger than 5 years, whereas 53.9% of the total study population identified as Caucasian. Scald etiology was disproportionately less common in @entity1 identifying as Caucasian (39.9 vs 61.4%, P < .001), and scald was a common etiology in older @entity1 identifying as African American, Asian, and Hispanic. @entity130 were also higher in @entity1 identifying as Native American (5.4%), Hispanic (4.2%), and African American (3.7%). @entity130 etiology varies with age and race. These data should encourage careful consideration of race, age, and other differences in formulating the most effective, population-specific prevention and outreach strategies.

title: Variations in U.S. pediatric XXXX hospitalizations using the national burn repository data.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['burn injuries', 'Inhalation injuries', 'burn injury', 'Pediatric burn injury']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['burn injury']


abstract: Plasma levels of @entity7318 ( @entity7318 ) and the effect of @entity7318 treatment have been evaluated in adult nongrowing @entity242 -bearing @entity19 (C57BL/6J). @entity5 -bearing @entity19 , @entity5 -bearing hypophysectomized @entity35 , and @entity5 -bearing animals served as additional groups of study and control animals. @entity242 -bearing @entity19 showed an increase in plasma levels of @entity7318 early following @entity5 implantation. @entity7318 levels increased further with @entity5 progression. The @entity448 and the state of @entity3147 in @entity242 -bearing @entity19 were the major factors behind increased @entity7318 levels. @entity2057 and body composition in the @entity5 -bearing host were not improved by @entity7318 treatment at doses that increased growth rate in normal growing @entity19 with intact @entity4611 or partially normalized growth rate in hypophysectomized @entity35 . Exogenous GH supported @entity5 growth and host body growth to the same extent in hypophysectomized @entity35 . Exogenous @entity7318 in excess of endogenous @entity7318 did not stimulate @entity5 growth further. It is suggested that increased @entity7318 production in a @entity5 -bearing host acts in concert with other hormones to stimulate endogenous substrate mobilization and in @entity5 -bearing animals to prevent @entity942 and @entity4053 . On the basis of this conclusion, it is unlikely that @entity7318 supplementation to a freely eating @entity5 -bearing host will support replenishment of host tissues.

title: XXXX and experimental cancer cachexia.

entities_list: @entity2057 :: ('MESH:D009133', 'Disease') :: ['Muscle wasting']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcoma', 'Adult sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Prepubertal tumor', 'tumor', 'malnourished non-tumor']

entities_list: @entity448 :: ('MESH:D000855', 'Disease') :: ['anorexia']

entities_list: @entity4053 :: ('MESH:D007003', 'Disease') :: ['hypoglycemia']

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitaries']

entities_list: @entity3147 :: ('MESH:D044342', 'Disease') :: ['malnutrition']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity942 :: ('MESH:D003677', 'Disease') :: ['substrate deficiency']

answer: @entity7318 :: (14599(Tax:10090),Gene) :: ['Growth hormone']