abstract: BACKGROUND: Toll-like receptor (TLR) polymorphisms, and especially @entity2939 @entity19825 and @entity2939 @entity20235 , have been linked with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and to a lesser extent with @entity31 ( @entity31 ), @entity146 , and compromised seroreactivity to microbial antigens. Available data, however, are conflicting. AIMS: To address these issues, the distribution of @entity2939 polymorphic alleles was assessed in @entity1 with @entity31 , @entity30 , and @entity23 ( @entity23 ), considering @entity1 and disease characteristics as well as related serological markers. METHODS: @entity2939 @entity19825 and @entity2939 @entity20235 polymorphisms were determined in 187 @entity31 and 163 @entity30 @entity1 and 274 randomly selected @entity23 . C reactive protein, anti- @entity375 cerevisiae mannan antibodies, anti-mannobioside @entity1735 antibodies, anti-laminariobioside @entity1735 antibodies IgG, and anti-chitobioside @entity1735 antibodies (ACCA) IgA levels were also assessed. RESULTS: @entity31 and especially pancolitis @entity1 carried the mutant alleles more frequently compared to @entity30 @entity1 and @entity23 or @entity31 @entity1 with different disease extents (P = 0.002 and P < 0.0001, respectively). Involvement of the colon was more frequent in @entity30 @entity1 with mutant @entity2939 compared to those with wild-type alleles (P = 0.004). Levels and positivity rates of ACCA IgA were lower in @entity29 ( @entity29 ) @entity1 carrying the mutant compared to those with wild-type alleles (0.075 < P < 0.05). Despite the mutant @entity2939 predisposition for @entity31 , smoking was associated with more limited disease (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of @entity2939 @entity19825 and @entity2939 @entity20235 polymorphisms is related to @entity31 , involvement of the @entity30 , and lower ACCA IgA levels. Smoking reduces the extent of @entity31 , even in the presence of mutant alleles.

title: Readressing the role of XXXX alleles in @entity29 : colitis, smoking, and seroreactivity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['CD behavior']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC', 'UC pancolitis']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['healthy controls', 'HC']

entities_list: @entity19825 :: ('p|SUB|D|299|G', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Asp299Gly']

entities_list: @entity20235 :: ('p|SUB|T|399|I', 'ProteinMutation') :: ['Thr399Ile']

entities_list: @entity375 :: ('4932', 'Species') :: ['Saccharomyces']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'colon in CD', "Crohn's disease"]

answer: @entity2939 :: (7099,Gene) :: ['Toll-like receptor-4']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to correlate the results of five self-assessment instruments for @entity1 with @entity146 ( @entity7364 ), and to analyze their relationship with listeners' judgments of degree of voice severity and @entity1740 . STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional prospective study. METHODS: A total of 103 @entity1 (77 with @entity146 , 26 with @entity7364 ) completed the Brazilian validated versions of five instruments: Voice Handicap Index (VHI), Voice-Related Quality of Life, Vocal Performance Questionnaire, Voice Symptom Scale (VoiSS), and Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale. Voice samples were collected for auditory-perceptual analysis. Correlations were made among protocols, and between these instruments and the perceptual analysis. RESULTS: None of the instruments correctly identified 100% of the dysphonic individuals. The VoiSS identified 100 of the 103 subjects. Numerous correlations were found with variable strength. The strongest correlation was between frequency and severity scales of the Vocal Tract Discomfort Scale (r   =   0.946) and the total score of the VHI and VoiSS (r   =   0.917). Correlations between the instruments and the perceptual analysis achieved only moderate strength; the VHI, the Voice-Related Quality of Life, and the VoiSS showed the highest correlations with counting numbers task, particularly for @entity7364 . The @entity1740 did not influence the score of the protocols. CONCLUSIONS: None of the self-assessment instruments is capable of identifying all cases of @entity7364 . However, they are important in assessing the impact of @entity1740 on quality of life. @entity1 self-assessment and clinician perceptual evaluation share only moderate correlations, with higher strength for counting numbers task in comparison with sustained vowel.

title: Voice Self-assessment Protocols: Different Trends Among Organic and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity1740 :: ('MESH:D014832', 'Disease') :: ['voice problem', 'predominant type of voice deviation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['behavioral or organic dysphonia', 'behavioral dysphonia']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['Behavioral Dysphonias']


abstract: @entity35914 keratoses are benign epidermal @entity5 that are rarely associated with other @entity272 especially @entity5 . In this study, the aim was to assess the incidence of associated lesions occurring either adjacent to or contiguous with a @entity9284 . A retrospective case series over a 12-month period was carried out. In total, 639 consecutive histologically diagnosed @entity9284 were identified, of which 85 (9%) were found to be associated with other lesions. Of these associated lesions, 44 (7%) were malignant, with four of these found to be arising within the @entity9284 . These associated lesions included @entity75 , @entity5 , @entity75 and miscellaneous lesions. @entity1 (59%) were affected more commonly than @entity1 . The average age was 74 years (range 33-98 years). @entity35914 keratoses associated with other lesions were found most commonly on the head and neck. The incidence of associated lesions, in particular @entity5 arising within @entity9284 may be higher than previously thought. This may be an incidental phenomenon, or @entity9284 could represent a precursor lesion. Therefore, @entity9284 that have undergone recent clinical change should be considered for biopsy and histological examination.

title: XXXX keratoses with associated lesions: a retrospective analysis of 85 lesions.

entities_list: @entity35914 :: ('MESH:C535646', 'Disease') :: ['Seborrhoeic']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'malignancy', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['melanocytic lesions', 'premalignant lesions']

entities_list: @entity9284 :: ('MESH:D007642', 'Disease') :: ['seborrhoeic keratoses', 'seborrhoeic keratosis']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

answer: @entity35914 :: (MESH:C535646,Disease) :: ['Seborrhoeic']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: The study purpose was to examine the association between reminiscence functions, optimism, @entity308 symptoms, physical activity, and @entity158 in older adults with chronic lower extremity @entity158 . One hundred ninety-five community-dwelling adults were interviewed using the Modified Reminiscence Functions Scale, Brief @entity158 Inventory, Life Orientation Test-Revised, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short @entity308 Scale, and Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly in random counterbalanced order. Structural equation modeling supported @entity1118 as positively associated with @entity308 symptoms and comorbidities and unrelated to physical activity. @entity308 were positively associated with self-negative reminiscence and negatively associated with optimism. Spontaneous reminiscence was not associated with increased physical activity or reduced @entity158 . Individuals may require facilitated integrative reminiscence to assist them in reinterpreting negative memories in a more positive way. Facilitated integrative reminiscence about enjoyed past physical activity is a potential way to increase physical activity, but must be tested in future research. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2016; 9(5):223-231.].

title: The Relationship Between Reminiscence Functions, Optimism, Depressive Symptoms, Physical Activity, and XXXX in Older Adults.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['Depression', 'depressive', 'Depressive symptoms']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Pain', 'osteoarthritis pain', 'pain']

answer: @entity158 :: (MESH:D010146,Disease) :: ['Pain']


abstract: AIMS/BACKGROUND: @entity310 ( @entity7790 ) is a potent mitogen of normal and neoplastic hepatocytes. In addition, @entity7790 has been reported to play a pivotal role in hepatocarcinogenesis. To evaluate the significance of @entity7790 in chronic @entity409 and @entity157 , we examined serum @entity7790 , and expression of @entity7790 , @entity470 ( @entity470 ) and @entity1364 ( @entity1364 ) mRNA in liver tissues. METHODS: Thirty-five @entity1 with @entity3619 ( @entity3619 ), 33 with @entity1575 ( @entity1575 ), 55 with @entity157 ( @entity157 ) and 53 normal controls (C) were enrolled in this study. Serum @entity7790 levels were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Expression of @entity7790 , @entity470 , @entity1364 and @entity217 mRNA in liver tissues were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Serum @entity7790 levels in C, @entity3619 , @entity1575 and @entity157 were 5.6+/-2.1, 33.2+/-8.3, 404.0+/-173.0 and 100.3+/-39.2 pg/ml, respectively. Serum @entity7790 level in @entity1575 was higher than in other diseases (p<0.01, compared to @entity3619 , @entity157 and C, respectively). Serum @entity7790 levels exhibited a significant positive correlation with total @entity648 , ICGR15 and Pugh score (p<0.01, p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively), and increased in parallel with severity of disease according to @entity1 classification. Although the ratios of @entity7790 , @entity470 and @entity1364 mRNA to @entity217 mRNA were not significantly different among the diseases, the @entity7790 / @entity217 ratio correlated with @entity470 / @entity217 and @entity1364 / @entity217 ratios (p<0.001 and p<0.0001, respectively), and @entity470 / @entity217 ratio was related to @entity1364 / @entity217 ratio in all @entity1 , especially with @entity157 . CONCLUSION: The results of the present study suggest that serum @entity7790 levels are closely related to severity of @entity409 , and that hepatic expression of @entity7790 and @entity470 correlates with proliferation of normal and neoplastic hepatocytes.

title: XXXX and @entity470 in chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1364 :: ('5111', 'Gene') :: ['proliferating cell nuclear antigen', 'PCNA']

entities_list: @entity310 :: ('7124', 'Gene') :: ['Transforming growth factor-alpha']

entities_list: @entity470 :: ('1956', 'Gene') :: ['EGFR', 'epidermal growth factor receptor']

entities_list: @entity648 :: ('MESH:D001663', 'Chemical') :: ['bilirubin']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases', 'liver dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity3619 :: ('MESH:D006521', 'Disease') :: ['CH', 'chronic hepatitis']

entities_list: @entity1575 :: ('MESH:D008103', 'Disease') :: ['LC', 'liver cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity157 :: ('MESH:D006528', 'Disease') :: ['HCC', 'hepatocellular carcinoma']

answer: @entity310 :: (7124,Gene) :: ['Transforming growth factor-alpha']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: @entity12646 ( @entity12646 ) indicates bilaterally synchronous @entity302 arising from a focal cortical origin. The present study aims to investigate @entity12646 in @entity302 with regard to surgical outcomes and intracranial EEG findings. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed consecutive @entity1 who underwent @entity302 surgery following extraoperative intracranial electroencephalography (EEG) study from 2008 to 2012. The presence of @entity12646 was determined based upon the results of scalp EEG monitoring performed for presurgical evaluations. We reviewed scalp EEG, neuroimaging, intracranial EEG findings, and surgical outcomes in @entity1 with @entity12646 . RESULTS: We found 12 @entity1 with @entity12646 who were surgically treated for intractable @entity302 . Nine (75%) @entity1 had lateralized ictal semiology and only two (16.6%) @entity1 showed localized ictal onset in scalp EEG. Brain MRI showed @entity75 in three (25%) @entity1 . Intracranial EEG demonstrated that ictal onset zone was widespread or non-localized in six (50%) @entity1 . Low-voltage fast activity was the most common ictal onset EEG pattern. Rapid propagation of ictal onset was noted in 10 (83.3%) @entity1 . Eleven @entity1 underwent resective @entity302 surgery and only two @entity1 (18.2%) achieved @entity410 -freedom (median follow-up 56 months). MRI-visible @entity75 were associated with favorable outcomes (p=0.024). @entity1 with @entity12646 , @entity4940 without @entity12646 , showed lesser localization in ictal onset EEG (p=0.029) and more rapid propagation during evolution of ictal rhythm (p=0.015). CONCLUSIONS: The present results suggested that resective surgery for @entity302 with @entity12646 should be decided carefully, especially in case of nonlesional @entity302 . Poor localization and rapid spread of ictal onset were prominent in intracranial EEG, which might contribute to incomplete resection of the epileptogenic zone and poor surgical outcomes.

title: Unfavorable surgical outcomes in XXXX with secondary bilateral synchrony: Intracranial electroencephalography study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['epileptogenic lesion', 'brain lesions']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'partial epilepsy', 'epileptiform discharges']

entities_list: @entity4940 :: ('MESH:D017034', 'Disease') :: ['compared to frontal lobe epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity12646 :: ('MESH:C538268', 'Disease') :: ['SBS', 'Secondary bilateral synchrony']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['partial epilepsy']


abstract: @entity4546 60 mg once daily was compared with @entity5616 150 mg twice daily in an endoscopically-controlled, double-blind randomised trial in 51 outpatients with erosive or @entity1066 (grade 2 or 3). Endoscopy was repeated after 4 weeks and, in the absence of healing, again after 8 weeks. Symptoms were assessed before entry and after 2, 4, and 8 weeks. @entity1 who were unhealed after 8 weeks were blindly switched to the other drug and treatment was continued for another 4 to 8 weeks. The healing rate (change to grade 0 or 1 @entity354 ) after 4 weeks was 19 of 25 @entity1 treated with @entity4546 and 7 of 26 @entity1 treated with @entity5616 (p = 0.002). The corresponding figures after 8 weeks were 22 of 25 and 10 of 26 (p = 0.001). The higher healing rate with @entity4546 was reflected in a significantly faster and stronger improvement of reflux symptoms. 13 @entity1 , who were unhealed after 8 weeks on @entity5616 , were healed after switching treatment. Healing was achieved in 1 of 3 @entity1 who were switched to @entity5616 . There were no adverse events or changes in laboratory variables of clinical importance. @entity4546 is superior to @entity5616 in the short-term treatment of @entity354 .

title: Double-blind multicentre comparison of @entity4546 and XXXX in the treatment of @entity354 .

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative reflux oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity354 :: ('MESH:D005764', 'Disease') :: ['reflux oesophagitis', 'oesophagitis']

entities_list: @entity5616 :: ('MESH:D011899', 'Chemical') :: ['ranitidine']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole', 'Omeprazole']

answer: @entity5616 :: (MESH:D011899,Chemical) :: ['ranitidine']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Balance and gait problems have repeatedly been mentioned in case descriptions of @entity1 infected with @entity2858 ). Objective evidence of these problems has rarely been reported, however. Furthermore, the extent to which balance and gait are influenced by antiretroviral medications or comorbid @entity146 has rarely been examined. DESIGN: The study compared 78 @entity2858 seronegative volunteers to 28 @entity645 / @entity791 @entity1 receiving no antiretroviral therapy, 25 @entity1 receiving only @entity2353 analogue therapy, and 37 @entity1 receiving Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART). METHODS: The dependent measures included Equilibrium Quotient scores recorded during 3 subtests of the Sensory Organization Test (SOT), the number of falls during each subtest, the functional base of support, gait speed and cadence, single leg balance time, proximal strength, and vibrotactile threshold of the foot. The analysis employed the number of @entity167 and @entity734 problems, @entity308 severity, and body mass index as covariates. RESULTS: ANCOVAs revealed significant decrements in the 3 @entity2858 seropositive groups relative to the control group on Equilibrium Quotient scores during the most difficult of the SOT subtests (sway-referenced support surface with eyes-closed). @entity645 / @entity791 @entity1 also exhibited a smaller functional base of support and greater vibrotactile thresholds. Antiretroviral treatment did not affect balance; but, it did alter sensory threshold in a complex manner. CONCLUSIONS: @entity645 / @entity791 is associated with reliable decrements in balance and peripheral sensory function which are variably sensitive to antiretroviral treatment. The implications of these findings for mobility, and workplace or operator safety, should be contemplated.

title: Sensorimotor dysfunction in @entity645 / XXXX : effects of antiretroviral treatment and comorbid @entity146 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2353 :: ('CHEBI:33838', 'Chemical') :: ['nucleoside']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorders']

entities_list: @entity2858 :: ('11676', 'Species') :: ['Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV-1', 'HIV-1']

entities_list: @entity167 :: ('CHEBI:16236', 'Chemical') :: ['alcohol']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['drug abuse']

answer: @entity791 :: (MESH:D000163,Disease) :: ['AIDS']


abstract: There is controversy over the efficacy of @entity3650 reductase inhibitors in preventing the development of @entity1897 in experimental @entity6 . This study was designed to show whether long-term (28-wk) inhibition of @entity3650 reductase by @entity5120 influences structural changes in peripheral sensory nerve in @entity35 with chronic @entity3839 -induced @entity6 . Sciatic nerve levels of @entity5121 and @entity948 were significantly reduced but not completely normalized by @entity5120 treatment. @entity8580 levels, which tended to decrease in @entity6 @entity35 , were significantly increased by @entity5120 treatment and exceeded the level in nondiabetic control @entity35 (P less than 0.01). @entity5120 treatment significantly increased nerve conduction velocity over the 28 wk of treatment (P less than 0.05), but levels remained well below those of control @entity35 . Structural analysis of sural nerve of @entity6 @entity35 disclosed significant preventive effects of @entity5120 on the reduction in myelinated nerve fiber size and fiber occupancy. Axon-fiber size ratio was also preserved in the @entity5120 -treated group. However, diffuse deposition of glycogen and increased glycogenosomes within axons were not influenced by @entity5120 treatment. In contrast to the effect on myelinated nerve fibers, morphometry of unmyelinated nerve fibers did not reveal a significant effect of @entity5120 treatment. These results suggest that chronic treatment with an @entity3650 reductase inhibitor has beneficial effects on the peripheral sensory nerve of experimentally @entity6 @entity35 . The effects were primarily on myelinated rather than unmyelinated nerve fibers.

title: Effects of long-term @entity3650 reductase inhibition on development of experimental diabetic neuropathy. Ultrastructural and morphometric studies of sural nerve in XXXX -induced @entity6 @entity35 .

entities_list: @entity8580 :: ('MESH:D007294', 'Chemical') :: ['myo-Inositol']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity5121 :: ('MESH:D013012', 'Chemical') :: ['sorbitol']

entities_list: @entity948 :: ('MESH:D005632', 'Chemical') :: ['fructose']

entities_list: @entity3839 :: ('MESH:D013311', 'Chemical') :: ['streptozocin']

entities_list: @entity5120 :: ('MESH:C042829', 'Chemical') :: ['ponalrestat', 'Ponalrestat']

entities_list: @entity1897 :: ('MESH:D010523', 'Disease') :: ['peripheral nerve lesions']

answer: @entity3839 :: (MESH:D013311,Chemical) :: ['streptozocin']


abstract: Neuroendocrine and sympathoadrenal responses to exhaustive graded treadmill exercise were examined in 17 male subjects of varying degrees of @entity410 . The mean duration of exercise to exhaustion was 15.2 +/- 0.7 (+/- SE) min. Exercise duration was inversely correlated with baseline heart rate (P less than 0.05). Compared to standing baseline values, mean plasma @entity1063 and @entity1425 levels increased 339% and 301%, respectively, in an integrated 2-min blood sample collected immediately after completion of exercise. Mean adrenocorticotrophic hormone ( @entity4545 ), @entity4545 ( @entity4545 ), beta-lipotropin ( @entity4545 ), and prolactin levels increased 282%, 720%, 372%, and 211%, respectively, in an integrated 4-min blood sample beginning 2 min after completion of exercise. @entity701 levels increased 183% in the sample collected 17-21 min after exercise. The magnitude of these neuroendocrine responses to exercise was similar among individuals at the same relative intensity of exhaustive exercise, regardless of the duration of exercise. The exercise-induced increases of the @entity4545 ( @entity4545 )-derived peptides, @entity4545 , @entity4545 , and @entity4545 , were highly correlated with each other (P values less than 0.001), and were correlated with prolactin increases, (P values less than 0.05). During a 20-min recovery period after exercise, changes in heart rate, @entity4545 , and @entity4545 levels were correlated with duration of exercise, (P less than 0.01, P less than 0.03, and P less than 0.03, respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

title: The influence of XXXX on neuroendocrine responses to exhaustive treadmill exercise.

entities_list: @entity4545 :: ('5443', 'Gene') :: ['POMC', 'pro-opiomelanocortin', 'ACTH', 'beta-EP', 'beta-endorphin', 'beta-LPH']

entities_list: @entity1425 :: ('MESH:D004837', 'Chemical') :: ['epinephrine']

entities_list: @entity701 :: ('MESH:D006854', 'Chemical') :: ['Cortisol']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['fitness']


abstract: PURPOSE: To develop a personal computer (PC)-based software package that allows portability of the electronic imaging record. To create custom software that enhances the transfer of images in two fashions. Firstly, to an end user, whether physician or @entity1 , provide a browser capable of viewing digital images on a conventional personal computer. Second, to provide the ability to transfer the archived Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) images to other institutional picture archiving and communications systems (PACS) through a transfer engine. METHOD/MATERIALS: Radiologic studies are provided on a @entity1050 -ROM. This @entity1050 -ROM contains a copy of the browser to view images, a DICOM-based engine to transfer images to the receiving institutional PACS, and copies of all pertinent imaging studies for the particular @entity1 . The host computer system in an Intel based Pentium 90 MHz PC with Microsoft Windows 95 software (Microsoft Inc, Seattle, WA). The system has 48 MB of random access memory, a 3.0 GB hard disk, and a Smart and Friendly @entity1050 -R 2006 @entity1050 -ROM recorder (Smart and Friendly Inc, Chatsworth, CA). RESULTS: Each @entity1050 -ROM disc can hold 640 MB of data. In our experience, this houses anywhere from, based on Table 1, 12 to 30 computed tomography (CT) examinations, 24 to 80 magnetic resonance (MR) examinations, 60 to 128 ultrasound examinations, 32 to 64 computed radiographic examinations, 80 digitized x-rays, or five digitized mammography examinations. We have been able to successfully transfer DICOM images from one DICOM-based PACS to another DICOM-based PACS. This is accomplished by inserting the created @entity1050 -ROM onto a @entity1050 drive attached to the receiving PACS and running the transfer engine application. CONCLUSIONS: Providing copies of radiologic studies performed to the @entity1 is a necessity in every radiology department. Conventionally, film libraries have provided copies to the @entity1 generating issues of cost of loss of film, as well as mailing costs. This software package saves costs and loss of studies, as well as improving @entity1 care by enabling the @entity1 to maintain an archive of their electronic imaging record.

title: Enhancing availability of the electronic image record for XXXX and caregivers during follow-up care.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: High-risk types of @entity1082 ) are considered the major causative agents of @entity2622 . The transforming ability of HPV resides in the E6 and E7 oncogenes, yet the pathway to transformation is not well understood. Cells expressing the oncogene E7 from high-risk HPVs have a high incidence of @entity5700 , which has been shown to occur as an early event in cervical @entity105 and predisposes the cells to aneuploidy. The mechanism through which E7 contributes to @entity5700 is not known. It has been hypothesized that E7 induces @entity5700 in response to mitotic stress by abrogating the mitotic spindle assembly checkpoint. It was also proposed that E7 may stimulate rereplication to induce @entity5700 . We have tested these hypotheses by using @entity1 epithelial cells in which E7 expression induces a significant amount of @entity5700 . We find that E7-expressing cells undergo normal mitoses with an intact spindle assembly checkpoint and that they are able to complete cytokinesis. Our results also exclude DNA rereplication as a major mechanism of polyploidization in E7-expressing cells upon microtubule disruption. Instead, we have shown that while normal cells arrest at the postmitotic checkpoint after adaptation to the spindle assembly checkpoint, E7-expressing cells replicate their DNA and propagate as polyploid cells. Thus, abrogation of the postmitotic checkpoint leads to @entity5700 formation in E7-expressing @entity1 epithelial cells. Our results suggest that downregulation of @entity996 is important for E7 to induce @entity5700 and abrogation of the postmitotic checkpoint.

title: Abrogation of the postmitotic checkpoint contributes to polyploidization in XXXX E7-expressing cells.

entities_list: @entity5700 :: ('MESH:D011123', 'Disease') :: ['polyploidy']

entities_list: @entity2622 :: ('MESH:D002583', 'Disease') :: ['cervical carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1082 :: ('10566', 'Species') :: ['human papillomavirus (HPV']

entities_list: @entity105 :: ('MESH:D063646', 'Disease') :: ['carcinogenesis']

answer: @entity1082 :: (10566,Species) :: ['human papillomavirus']


abstract: CASE DESCRIPTION: A 7-year-old 573-kg (1,261 -lb) Swiss Warmblood gelding was evaluated because of signs of acute @entity490 . CLINICAL FINDINGS: Physical examination revealed a markedly distended abdomen with subjectively reduced borborygmi in all abdominal quadrants. A large, gas-distended viscus was present at the pelvic brim preventing complete palpation of the abdomen per rectum. Ultrasonographic evaluation could not be safely performed in the initial evaluation because of severe signs of @entity490 . TREATMENT AND OUTCOME: Ventral midline celiotomy was performed, and right dorsal displacement of the ascending colon was corrected. Progressive signs of @entity490 after surgery prompted repeat ventral midline celiotomy, and small intestinal incarceration in a large, radial mesojejunal rent was detected. The incarceration was reduced, but the defect was not fully accessible for repair via the celiotomy. Repair of the mesenteric defect was not attempted, and conservative management was planned after surgery; however, signs of colic returned. A standard laparoscopic approach was attempted from both flanks in the standing @entity1 , but the small intestine could not be adequately mobilized for full evaluation of the rent. @entity1104 ( @entity1104 ) allowed identification and reduction of jejunal incarceration and repair of the mesenteric rent. Although minor ventral midline incisional complications were encountered, the @entity1641 recovered fully. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: @entity1104 techniques should be considered for repair of mesenteric rents in @entity1641 . In the @entity1641 of this report, @entity1104 facilitated identification, evaluation, and repair of a large radial mesenteric rent that was not accessible from a ventral median celiotomy.

title: Use of a hand-assisted laparoscopic surgical technique for closure of an extensive mesojejunal rent in a XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1104 :: ('MESH:D000267', 'Disease') :: ['HALS', 'Hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery']

entities_list: @entity490 :: ('MESH:D015746', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal pain']

answer: @entity1641 :: (9796,Species) :: ['horse']


abstract: Germinal matrix hemorrhages (GMHs) are typically seen in preterm neonates during the first 4 days of life. The authors encountered 2 @entity1 with late-onset GMH subsequent to ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt insertion for congenital @entity1276 . Both @entity1 were delivered at full term with normal body weight, although they were compromised with the preceding @entity519 events prior to shunt insertion. The first case involved a female @entity1 with severe @entity2122 . Because of @entity1174 related to the comorbid upper airway @entity850 , endotracheal intubation with intermittent mechanical ventilation was necessary. The associated congenital @entity1276 was treated with VP shunt insertion when she was 35 days of age, and GMH was confirmed 1 week after shunt placement. During a period of conservative observation, the @entity548 resolved without any @entity16 . The second case involved a male @entity1 with a large intraparenchymal cyst on the left parietal portion. He was intubated for @entity55 at 1 month of age. He had associated congenital @entity1276 that was progressive, and he was treated with VP shunting at 69 days of age, after his @entity55 had resolved. Postoperative GMH was confirmed, although @entity1276 was well controlled by VP shunt insertion. Observed conservatively, he fared well and the GMH resolved. These 2 cases had unique features in common; both had @entity154 in the CNS and respiratory problems before shunting. The @entity519 insults on the residual germinal matrix layer and sudden decrease in CSF pressure may relate to the occurrence of these late-onset GMHs.

title: Delayed @entity548 induced by ventriculoperitoneal shunt insertion for congenital XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'infant']

entities_list: @entity2122 :: ('MESH:D019465', 'Disease') :: ['craniofacial deformities']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomalies']

entities_list: @entity1276 :: ('MESH:D006849', 'Disease') :: ['hydrocephalus']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deterioration']

entities_list: @entity1174 :: ('MESH:D011015', 'Disease') :: ['aspiration pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity850 :: ('MESH:D003251', 'Disease') :: ['stenosis']

answer: @entity1276 :: (MESH:D006849,Disease) :: ['hydrocephalus']


abstract: AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We measured serum @entity2690 (at least 0.167 nmol/l) in 54 of 141 (38%) @entity1 with chronic type 1 @entity6 and sought factors that might differentiate those with detectable @entity2690 from those without it. Finding no differences, and in view of the persistent anti-beta cell autoimmunity in such @entity1 , we speculated that the immunosuppression (to weaken @entity792 ) and euglycaemia accompanying transplant-based treatments of type 1 @entity6 might promote recovery of native pancreatic beta cell function. METHODS: We performed @entity369 stimulation tests in three islet transplant and four whole-pancreas transplant recipients, and measured stimulated @entity2690 in select venous sampling sites. On the basis of each sampling site's @entity2690 concentration and kinetics, we differentiated insulin secreted from the individual's native pancreatic beta cells and that secreted from allografted beta cells. RESULTS: Selective venous sampling demonstrated that despite long-standing type 1 @entity6 , all seven beta cell allograft recipients displayed evidence that their native pancreas secreted @entity2690 . Yet even if chronic immunosuppression coupled with near normal glycaemia did improve native pancreatic @entity2690 production, the magnitude of the effect was quite small. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Some native pancreatic beta cell function persists even years after disease onset in most type 1 @entity6 @entity1 . However, if prolonged euglycaemia plus anti-rejection immunosuppressive therapy improves native pancreatic insulin production, the effect in our @entity1 was small. We may have underestimated pancreatic regenerative capacity by studying only a limited number of @entity1 or by creating conditions (e.g. high circulating insulin concentrations or immunosuppressive agents toxic to beta cells) that impair beta cell function.

title: Pancreatic beta cell function persists in many XXXX with chronic type 1 @entity6 , but is not dramatically improved by prolonged immunosuppression and euglycaemia from a beta cell allograft.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmune attack']

entities_list: @entity369 :: ('CHEBI:29016', 'Chemical') :: ['arginine']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The present study determined mutations of phosphatase and tensin homolog ( @entity983 ) gene in @entity1 suffering from high-grade @entity11 (WHO grades III and IV) and further investigated the mutations in correlation to @entity1 ' histopathological classification and short-term survival. Total RNA and genomic DNA were extracted from @entity5 tissues. Full-length @entity983 cDNA sequences were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were directly sequenced, and the @entity983 mutations were analyzed. It demonstrated that the incidence of @entity983 mutations was 8/22 in these @entity1 : one @entity1 with WHO grade III @entity11 (1/11) and 7 @entity1 with WHO grade IV @entity11 (7/11). Most @entity1 had three or more mutations in the @entity983 gene, with exons 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 as hot mutation regions, with mutation incidence from 62.5% to 75%. About 68.4% of mutations were missense, 26.3% same-sense and 5.3% nonsense mutations. The median survival times of the WHO grade III and IV groups were 250 and 53 weeks after surgery, respectively (p=0.016). The 36-week survival rate of @entity1 with and without @entity983 mutations was 62.5% and 92.9% (p=0.038, odds ratio=7.80), respectively. The present study suggests that @entity983 mutations are late events in the malignant progression of @entity11 and the occurrence of @entity983 mutations are significantly correlated to @entity1 ' short-term survival.

title: Mutations of XXXX gene in @entity11 correlate to @entity5 differentiation and short-term survival rate.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11 :: ('MESH:D005910', 'Disease') :: ['glioma', 'gliomas']

answer: @entity983 :: (5728,Gene) :: ['PTEN']


abstract: Approximately 60% of VACTERL ( @entity154 , anal @entity1146 , @entity299 , @entity4501 with @entity1146 , @entity8 ) @entity1 have @entity8 that can be associated with @entity740 ( @entity740 ). With improved medical care, a large proportion of these @entity1 survive into adulthood. Longitudinal follow-up data regarding the management of @entity8 in these @entity1 is lacking. Twelve VACTERL @entity1 with @entity740 stage 2-5 and 12 age-matched controls with similar @entity5450 and @entity740 [mean follow-up period 15.0 +/- 1.4 (SE) and 11.9 +/- 2.1 years, respectively] were identified in a single center. Eight VACTERL @entity1 progressed to @entity454 ( @entity454 ) compared to four controls (66.7 vs. 33.3%, respectively). Six VACTERL @entity1 were dialyzed pre-transplant. Of the four @entity1 on peritoneal dialysis (PD), three had to be switched to hemodialysis due to complications, whereas two of the three controls on PD did not experience significant problems. Seven VACTERL @entity1 underwent renal transplantation compared to four controls. Mean @entity1011 clearance 2 years post-transplant was 65.8 +/- 6.3 in VACTERL @entity1 vs. 87.8 +/- 7.1 ml/min per 1.73 m(2) in controls (p = 0.03). VACTERL @entity1 had a significantly lower mean height standard deviation score than the controls (-2.34 +/- 0.41 vs. -1.27 +/- 0.24, respectively; p < 0.05). Based on these results, VACTERL @entity1 with @entity740 develop @entity454 more frequently, experience more complications with dialysis, may have a poorer transplant outcome, and have more severe growth @entity177 than controls.

title: XXXX in the VACTERL association: clinical course and outcome.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral defects']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal anomalies', 'kidney disease', 'renal defects/radial limb dysplasia']

entities_list: @entity4501 :: ('MESH:D014138', 'Disease') :: ['tracheoesophageal fistula']

entities_list: @entity5450 :: ('MESH:D014570', 'Disease') :: ['urologic anomalies']

entities_list: @entity740 :: ('MESH:D051436', 'Disease') :: ['CKD', 'chronic kidney disease']

entities_list: @entity299 :: ('MESH:D006331', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac defects']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity454 :: ('MESH:D007676', 'Disease') :: ['end-stage renal disease', 'ESRD']

answer: @entity740 :: (MESH:D051436,Disease) :: ['Chronic kidney disease']


abstract: A polyclonal antibody raised against v-Ha-ras @entity32631 was purified and its specificity was checked on Ha-ras transformed cell lines. It was used to immunoprecipitate @entity32631 from different @entity1238 cell types: brain cells, blood cells, and embryonic material. By one-dimensional Western blot analysis, we show that ras @entity32631 is synthesized very early in oogenesis and accumulates throughout vitellogenesis. The ras @entity32631 content, estimated to be 1.1 ng in the full-grown oocyte, remains constant during oocyte maturation and egg cleavage. Increase in the amount of ras @entity32631 occurs at the beginning of neurulation. Two-dimensional Western blot patterns reveal the presence of multiple molecular forms of @entity32631 in all @entity1238 cell types studied. The numerous resolved polypeptides were ascribed to the expression of at least two different ras genes. Furthermore, specific charge modifications of the ras polypeptides are observed in brain, blood, and embryonic cells. During oogenesis and early embryonic development, differences in two-dimensional patterns mainly concern variations in the relative amounts of the different polypeptides. The results are discussed in relation to the well documented synthesis activities of the growing oocyte and of the early developing embryo.

title: Expression of ras-like proteins in embryonic and adult cells of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1238 :: ('8355', 'Species') :: ['Xenopus', 'Xenopus laevis']

answer: @entity1238 :: (8355,Species) :: ['Xenopus laevis']


abstract: AIMS: To highlight two main psychological factors (cognitive barriers and safety-behaviors) involved in the development and maintenance of @entity147 in @entity1 with @entity322 ( @entity322 ) and thus facilitate a better understanding of this condition and contribute to a more comprehensive treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Articles and books were reviewed up to December 2010 using a non-systematic research in MEDLINE and PsycINFO, focusing on the situations more frequently seen in our clinical experience. RESULTS: Several emotional symptoms that hinder a @entity1 's ability to benefit from urological treatment were found. An "accident" places a @entity1 at risk of developing a constant state of heightened worry and increased vigilance that predisposes the individual to develop significant @entity148 and @entity308 . Cognitive barriers such as dysfunctional beliefs, @entity549 , and cognitive biases are frequent. They affect @entity1 ' behavior and influence the development of coping strategies (safety-seeking behaviors) to manage symptoms and prevent feared consequences. Cognitions may act as barriers that lead to a misperception of one's health and maintain @entity147 . Safety behaviors are negatively reinforced and prevent disconfirmation of dysfunctional cognitions, thus maintaining the trouble and distress. Clinical examples are outlined. CONCLUSIONS: Cognitive barriers and safety behaviors explain some of the atypical psychological patterns seen in @entity1 with @entity322 . Future research should be oriented to design multimodal interventions and assess their impact on health outcomes. Whenever possible, the assessment of emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses in individuals with @entity322 could improve the management of this condition. Cognitive-behavioral therapy should be recommended to certain @entity1 .

title: Under the tip of the iceberg: psychological factors in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity322 :: ('MESH:D014549', 'Disease') :: ['urinary incontinence', 'UI']

entities_list: @entity147 :: ('MESH:D005316', 'Disease') :: ['emotional distress']

entities_list: @entity549 :: ('MESH:D064726', 'Disease') :: ['automatic negative thoughts']

answer: @entity322 :: (MESH:D014549,Disease) :: ['incontinence']


abstract: 1 The positive inotropic and chronotropic responses to sympathomimetic @entity4478 were examined in @entity840 isolated atria. 2 The order of potency measured from EC50 values was @entity3044 greater than @entity28787 greater than @entity3045 greater than or equal to @entity7284 greater than @entity4183 . @entity4183 and @entity3045 were partial agonists on rate and together with @entity28787 and @entity7284 also on tension responses. 3 Functional antagonism by @entity5402 caused a rightwards shift of the dose-response curve and @entity308 of the maximum response. The rate maxima for @entity28787 , @entity7284 and @entity4183 were above that of @entity3044 . All the tension maxima were below @entity3044 . 4 Dissociation constants (KA) and relative efficacies (er) were determined by analogy with irreversible antagonism. 5 The relative orders of affinity (KA) were @entity3044 greater than @entity28787 greater than @entity7284 greater than @entity3045 greater than @entity4183 . Affinities were identical on rate and tension. 6 The relative efficacies were all greater than @entity3044 for rate responses. On tension they were the same or less than @entity3044 . 7 The implications of these results are discussed, in particular the fact that a partial agonist has a greater efficacy than a full agonist.

title: Functional antagonism as a means of determining dissociation constants and relative efficacies of sympathomimetic @entity4478 in XXXX isolated atria.

entities_list: @entity7284 :: ('MESH:D005280', 'Chemical') :: ['fenoterol']

entities_list: @entity3045 :: ('MESH:D000420', 'Chemical') :: ['salbutamol']

entities_list: @entity3044 :: ('MESH:D007545', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprenaline']

entities_list: @entity5402 :: ('MESH:D002217', 'Chemical') :: ['carbachol']

entities_list: @entity4183 :: ('MESH:D013726', 'Chemical') :: ['terbutaline', 'Terbutaline']

entities_list: @entity28787 :: ('MESH:D009921', 'Chemical') :: ['orciprenaline']

answer: @entity840 :: (10141,Species) :: ['guinea-pig']


abstract: @entity1516 of the tibia (CPT) is a rare pathology, which is usually associated with @entity1264 . The natural history of the disease is extremely unfavorable and once a @entity174 occurs, there is a little or no tendency for the lesion to heal spontaneously. It is challenging to treat effectively this difficult condition and its possible complications. Treatment is mainly surgical and it aims to obtain a long term bone union, to prevent limb length discrepancies, to avoid mechanical axis deviation, soft tissue lesions, nearby joint stiffness, and pathological @entity174 . The key to get primary union is to excise @entity7881 tissue and pathological periosteum. Age at surgery, status of fibula, associated shortening, and deformities of leg and ankle play significant role in primary union and residual challenges after primary healing. Unfortunately, none of invasive and noninvasive methods have proven their superiority. Surgical options such as intramedullary nailing, vascularized fibula graft, and external fixator, have shown equivocal success rate in achieving primary union although they are often associated with acceptable results. Amputation must be reserved for failed reconstruction, severe limb length discrepancy and gross deformities of leg and ankle. Distinct advantages, complications, and limitation of each primary treatment as well as strategies to deal with potential complications have been described. Each @entity1 with CPT must be followed up till skeletal maturity to identify and rectify residual problems after primary healing.

title: XXXX of the tibia: Management and complications.

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity1264 :: ('MESH:D009456', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis type I']

entities_list: @entity7881 :: ('MESH:C563621', 'Disease') :: ['hamartomatous']

entities_list: @entity1516 :: ('MESH:D011542', 'Disease') :: ['Congenital pseudarthrosis']

answer: @entity1516 :: (MESH:D011542,Disease) :: ['Congenital pseudarthrosis']


abstract: CASE 1: The @entity1 was a 71-year-old @entity1 who came to our hospital for epigastric checkup. Upper @entity344 showed an @entity1066 . Because @entity1534 was positive, eradication therapy was given. As a result of biopsy, a diagnosis of diffuse large @entity1892 was made and she was introduced to our department. The lesion showed improvement with upper @entity344 after eradication therapy, and no @entity706 cells were confirmed. She has been doing well without a recurrence. CASE 2: The @entity1 was a 49-year-old @entity1 who had an @entity154 noted with upper @entity344 . Then he was introduced to our hospital. @entity1534 eradication therapy was performed because @entity1074 was suspected by a previous hospital. The only evidence of @entity102 was revealed with upper @entity344 at our hospital, but no @entity706 cells. As we reviewed a specimen again before @entity1534 eradication therapy, the diagnosis was diffuse large @entity1892 because @entity706 cells were large, the MIB1 index was high, and Bcl-6 was positive. He has been doing well without a recurrence. As for a treatment of localized diffuse large @entity1892 , chemo-radiotherapy has generally been performed. However, we reported here two cases of gastric diffuse large @entity1892 regression that were confirmed after @entity1534 eradication therapy, and CR was maintained without a recurrence.

title: [Two cases of stomach primary diffuse large XXXX remitted by @entity1534 eradication therapy].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'man']

entities_list: @entity706 :: ('MESH:D008223', 'Disease') :: ['lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1074 :: ('MESH:D018442', 'Disease') :: ['MALT lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative lesion']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal endoscopy', 'gastrointestinal endoscope']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic gastritis']

entities_list: @entity1892 :: ('MESH:D016393', 'Disease') :: ['B cell lymphoma']

entities_list: @entity1534 :: ('210', 'Species') :: ['Helicobacter pylori']

answer: @entity1892 :: (MESH:D016393,Disease) :: ['B cell lymphoma']


abstract: @entity3003 ( @entity3003 ; @entity26054 ), a new @entity902 analogue, was administered to 18 @entity1 with @entity151 ( @entity151 ) at a dose of 300-450 mg/m2 intravenously every four weeks, in a phase II study. All @entity1 could be evaluated to assess response and 17 for @entity137 . The overall response rate was 28% (5/18), including one complete response. Of eight @entity1 previously untreated, four (50%) showed a response, including one complete response. The response rate in @entity1 with no previous @entity900 -treatment was 50% (5/10). Response durations in five responders were 2, 3, greater than 4, greater than 10 and 11 months. @entity137 was primarily hematologic, with @entity882 being dose-limiting. @entity882 (less than 75,000/mm3) was observed in 12 @entity1 (71%), six requiring platelet transfusion. @entity1431 (less than 3,000/mm3) was observed in 11 @entity1 (65%). There were no episodes of serious @entity281 or @entity548 , however. Myelosuppression was more severe in heavily pretreated @entity1 than in @entity1 previously untreated. Dose reductions were required following multiple treatments for cumulative myelotoxicity. Mild to moderate @entity390 and @entity391 occurred in seven @entity1 (44%). Nephrotoxicity and @entity2167 were not observed. @entity3003 was demonstrated to be an active agent against @entity151 . Further investigation into dose and schedule of @entity3003 in combination chemotherapy is warranted.

title: Phase II study of XXXX in @entity151 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity', 'Toxicity']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['Thrombocytopenia', 'thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity2167 :: ('MESH:D006311', 'Disease') :: ['ototoxicity']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['Carboplatin', 'CBDCA']

entities_list: @entity900 :: ('MESH:D002945', 'Chemical') :: ['cisplatin']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity26054 :: ('MESH:C580746', 'Chemical') :: ['cis-diammine-1, 1-cyclobutane dicarboxylate platinum II']

entities_list: @entity1431 :: ('MESH:D007970', 'Disease') :: ['Leukopenia']

entities_list: @entity151 :: ('MESH:D055752', 'Disease') :: ['SCLC', 'small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity3003 :: (MESH:D016190,Chemical) :: ['carboplatin']


abstract: The expression of epithelial features has been investigated from the 9th to the 30th passage in cells derived from the fusion of @entity19 @entity19 E cells with normal or hand wart @entity1 keratinocytes. These cells stratified and grew either on plastic or collagen substrate without modifications. Such growth characteristics are similar to those observed in the epidermis. The doubling time of hybrid cells is nearer to that of 3T3.4E than to that of keratinocytes. Some epithelial markers were detected by immunofluorescence staining. Bullous pemphigoid antigen characteristic of the basal keratinocyte was detected, and cytoplasmic antigen of basal cells was positive with BL7 monoclonal antibody. Among the antigens of the suprabasal cell layers of the epidermis, the pemphigus antigen was present in all hybrids; epidermal keratins recognized by the monoclonal antibodies @entity6826 and KL2 were detected in wart hybrids up to the 9th passage. When hybrids were cultured in delipidized serum or in methylcellulose, few cells (less than 10%) reacted with KL2. Karyological analysis revealed both @entity19 acrocentric and @entity1 submetacentric chromosomes. Thus, hybrid cells obtained from normal and wart keratinocytes were new cell types with a phenotype between keratinocytes and @entity19 E cells.

title: Expression of XXXX epithelial characteristics in late passages of interspecific somatic hybrids derived from normal and hand wart keratinocytes.

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Subjects seeking medical care for @entity1142 were evaluated to find out: a) how they describe their complaint, b) their symptoms and colonic transit (CT) time, and c) determine what factors may allow to detect @entity1142 ( @entity3885 ). MATERIAL AND METHODS @entity1 demographics and medical history were collected and the modular Rome III questionnaire was applied. A screening CT with radioopaque markers was performed in all subjects. Those with an abnormal result underwent a multiple-pellet CT . Factors associated with CI and @entity3885 were analyzed. RESULTS: 105 @entity1 were enrolled (92 females, mean age 36.7 years). Seventy @entity1 described @entity1142 as a bowel movement involving straining or being less frequently than expected (67%). The screening CT was normal in 79 @entity1 (75%). Multiple-pellet CT was performed in 23 @entity1 (9 normal, CI in 6, @entity3885 in 8). @entity1744 ( @entity1744 ) criteria were met by 79 subjects (75%) and functional @entity1142 by 26 (25%). A greater proportion of @entity1 with CI or @entity3885 had attended the Emergency Room, used suppositories or enemas and interfered their activities due to @entity1142 , during the previous year to the survey (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Most @entity1 described @entity1142 as straining or lower frequency (67%) than expected. CT was normal in 84% of the @entity1 , but it detected 6 cases of CI and 8 of @entity3885 . @entity1 that attended the Emergency Room, used suppositories or enemas and those whom activities were interfered turned out with CI or @entity3885 more frequently.

title: [Self-perception, colonic transit and characteristics of subjects seeking medical care for XXXX in Mexico.].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1142 :: ('MESH:D003248', 'Disease') :: ['colonic inertia (CI) or obstructive defecation', 'constipation']

entities_list: @entity1744 :: ('MESH:D043183', 'Disease') :: ['Irritable bowel syndrome', 'IBS']

answer: @entity1142 :: (MESH:D003248,Disease) :: ['constipation']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation between cerebral perfusion levels, @entity717 ( @entity717 ) scores, and @entity2720 in @entity1 with @entity4048 . METHODS: Forty-five adult @entity1 (29 were female) with chronic neck/upper @entity158 during exacerbation were studied. The subjects were grouped according to @entity717 scores: mild, moderate, and severe. The number of @entity158 /blocked segments in the cervical and upper thoracic spine and @entity2720 , @entity158 intensity using the visual analog scale, and regional cerebral blood flow of the brain using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were obtained. The SPECT was analyzed semiquantitatively. Analysis of variance tests were conducted on total SPECT scores in each of the @entity717 groups (P < .05). Univariate correlations were obtained between blockage, @entity158 , and SPECT scores, as well as age and duration. A multivariate analysis was then conducted. RESULTS: Group 1 (mild) consisted of 14 @entity1 . Cerebral perfusion measured by SPECT was normal in all 8 brain regions. Group 2 (moderate) consisted of 16 @entity1 . In this group, a decrease in cerebral perfusion was observed (range, 20%-35%), predominantly in the parietal and frontal zones. Group 3 (severe) consisted of 15 @entity1 . In this group, the decrease in cerebral perfusion observed was from 30% to 45%, again predominantly in the parietal and frontal zones. A significant difference was found between @entity717 groups ("moderate" and "severe" showed significantly greater hypoperfusion than "mild"). Total blockage score correlated with SPECT scores at r = 0.47, P = .001. In a multivariate analysis, @entity717 scores contributed 39% of the variance of SPECT scores. CONCLUSION: In this group of @entity1 with @entity615 , @entity717 scores strongly predicted @entity1779 . @entity2720 may be involved via @entity2915 in the regional sympathetic nervous system.

title: Cerebral perfusion in XXXX with @entity615 : preliminary observations.

entities_list: @entity615 :: ('MESH:D001416', 'Disease') :: ['neck and/or upper back pain']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'thoracic pain', 'painful']

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['Spinal joint dysfunction', 'spinal joint fixations', 'costovertebral joints']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['Neck Disability Index', 'NDI']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral hypoperfusion']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Pretreatment with @entity29639 crosslinks host hepatocyte DNA and prevents proliferation after partial hepatectomy (PH), allowing selective expansion of transplanted progenitors. Shortcomings are length of protocol and carcinogenicity of @entity29639 . METHODS: This report describes a rapid liver repopulation protocol using @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) to block proliferation of @entity35 hepatocytes in response to PH. One week post- @entity1139 treatment, @entity8238 negative host @entity35 were given a PH followed by injection of late gestation, newborn, or adult total liver isolates from @entity8238 positive @entity35 . For allogeneic transplantation, host @entity35 received injections of anti-CD3 antibody before and after PH. RESULTS: Host liver staining 2 to 9 weeks posttransplantation revealed well-defined donor hepatocyte colonies with strong canalicular @entity8238 activity. At the same cell dose, fetal and newborn isolates produced more colonies than adult liver isolates. Hepatocyte colonies also coexpressed marker proteins characteristic of adult hepatocytes and showed polarized localization of plasma membrane proteins. Host livers contained large clusters of sinusoids lined by @entity8238 positive endothelial cells coexpressing the endothelial cell marker, RECA-1, but lacked the canalicular marker @entity368 aminopeptidase. Colonies containing donor hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and bile ducts were also observed. Similar levels of engraftment and expansion were achieved with allogeneic liver cell isolates by using anti-CD3 antibody treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The @entity1139 transplantation model provides a rapid method for engraftment and expansion of hepatocytes, endothelial cells, and cholangiocytes and should be applicable to investigations centering on the role of endothelial cells in liver regeneration and the identification and characterization of putative endothelial, hepatocyte, and cholangiocyte progenitors.

title: Engraftment of syngeneic and allogeneic endothelial cells, hepatocytes and cholangiocytes into partially hepatectomized @entity35 previously treated with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity29639 :: ('MESH:C003300', 'Chemical') :: ['retrorsine']

entities_list: @entity8238 :: ('25253(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['dipeptidyl peptidase IV']

entities_list: @entity368 :: ('CHEBI:25017', 'Chemical') :: ['leucine']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin C']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin C']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To estimate the risk of fetal loss in @entity28 @entity1 undergoing amniocentesis and @entity18565 ( @entity18565 ). METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study of all @entity1 undergoing amniocentesis or @entity18565 . The primary outcome was any fetal loss before 24 weeks of gestation. A secondary analysis was performed examining @entity393 within 14 days of the procedure, excluding termination of pregnancy. Obese (body mass index [BMI] 30.0 or higher) and nonobese (BMI lower than 30.0) @entity1 were compared, and the postprocedure loss rate was also estimated by BMI strata. Obese and nonobese @entity1 were compared with univariable and bivariate statistics; multivariable logistic regression models were developed to estimate the effect of maternal @entity28 . RESULTS: Between @entity28 (n=2,742) and nonobese (n=8,037) @entity1 undergoing amniocentesis, no difference existed in the risk of fetal loss before 24 weeks of gestation (4.7% [combined background and procedure loss] compared with 4.2%, adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.8-1.5). For @entity1 undergoing @entity18565 , no difference in the risk of @entity393 was seen between @entity28 (n=855) and nonobese (n=4,125) @entity1 (6.4% compared with 6.3%, adjusted OR 1.0, 95% CI 0.7-1.3). Compared with @entity1 not undergoing a procedure, the attributable risk for @entity28 @entity1 was 0.3% (95% CI -0.2 to 0.9) amniocentesis and 0.1% (95% CI -0.1 to 0.2) @entity18565 . The difference in fetal loss between the BMI 40.0 or higher and BMI lower than 25.0 groups after amniocentesis was significant after adjusting for maternal age (adjusted OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.2-3.9). This study had greater than 90% power to detect a 50% increase in the risk of @entity393 after amniocentesis and @entity18565 (with an a error of 0.05). CONCLUSION: A BMI of 30.0-40.0 does not increase the risk for fetal loss after invasive prenatal diagnostic procedures. A higher loss rates with @entity28 (BMI 40.0 or higher) was observed for amniocentesis procedures. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II.

title: Effect of maternal @entity28 on the risk of fetal loss after amniocentesis and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity18565 :: ('MESH:C564876', 'Disease') :: ['CVS', 'chorionic villus sampling']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'class III obesity', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity393 :: ('MESH:D034381', 'Disease') :: ['pregnancy loss']

answer: @entity18565 :: (MESH:C564876,Disease) :: ['chorionic villus sampling']


abstract: In a previous study of @entity542 @entity1 we found that old age, low Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) score, pupillary inequality, and falls were significant predictors of @entity1504 ( @entity1504 ). Injury to motor vehicle occupants was less likely to result in IML. The present study defines predictors of severe @entity130 (STI) in 646 @entity1 admitted to a @entity130 unit and compares these with predictors of IML obtained in the previous study. @entity591 and low blood pressure were associated with an increased incidence of STI (p = 0.003, p = 0.0000). The incidence of STI in falls differed from that of IML (13.2% vs. 47.7%, p less than 0.001). There was a greater incidence of STI than IML in MVAs (33.6% vs. 14.8%, p less than 0.001). @entity1 70 years of age or older had a higher incidence of @entity1504 than STIs (p less than 0.001). @entity1 less than 30 years old had a significantly greater incidence of STIs than @entity1504 (p less than 0.001). These data suggest that in MVA victims who are less than 30 years old, are @entity551 , and tachycardic, the diagnosis and emergent treatment of severe @entity130 should take precedence over measures designed to detect and treat @entity1504 . The converse is true for older @entity1 injured in falls.

title: Relative incidence of XXXX and severe @entity130 after @entity130 : implications for triage and management.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head injury']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial mass lesions', 'IMLs']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['Tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotensive']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['torso injury', 'trauma']

answer: @entity1504 :: (MESH:D002561,Disease) :: ['intracranial mass lesions']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Comorbidities before and complications following @entity173 surgery can impact the return of function. We hypothesized that the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification of medical comorbidities is a useful surrogate variable for the @entity1 's general medical condition and would be a strong predictor of perioperative medical complications following @entity173 surgery. METHODS: A retrospective review of the cases of 197 elderly @entity1 who had undergone operative management of a @entity173 was performed. The ASA class, data regarding perioperative medical and surgical complications, and demographic data were obtained. Medical complications were defined as those requiring intervention by an internist or medical specialist. Differences in complication rates among the ASA classes were determined. RESULTS: Medical complications were more common in @entity1 in ASA class 3 (p < 0.001) and those in class 4 (p = 0.001) than in those in class 2. @entity1 in ASA class 3 had a 3.78 times greater chance of having a medical complication than did those in class 2 (p < 0.001). @entity1 in ASA class 4 had a 7.39 times greater chance of having medical complications than did those in class 2 (p = 0.001). No significant relationship was identified between the ASA class and surgical complications. CONCLUSIONS: The ASA class is strongly associated with medical problems in the perioperative period following @entity173 surgery in the elderly. @entity1 identified as being at higher risk (in ASA class 3 or 4) preoperatively should be closely managed medically so that perioperative medical complications can be managed and evolving medical issues can be addressed in a timely fashion.

title: Use of medical comorbidities to predict complications after XXXX surgery in the elderly.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'Patients']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture']

answer: @entity173 :: (MESH:D006620,Disease) :: ['hip fracture']


abstract: Purpose: To develop anterior segment spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and quantitative image analysis for use in experimental @entity1596 in @entity35 . Methods: Acute anterior @entity1596 was generated in Lewis @entity35 . A spectral domain anterior segment OCT system was used to image the anterior chamber (AC) and ciliary body at baseline and during peak @entity32 2 days later. Customized MatLab image analysis algorithms were developed to segment the AC, count AC cells, calculate @entity2840 ( @entity2840 ), segment the ciliary body and zonules, and quantify the level of @entity32 with the ciliary body index (CBI). Images obtained at baseline and during peak @entity32 were compared. Finally, longitudinal imaging and image analysis was performed over the 2-week course of @entity32 . Results: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography identifies structural features of @entity32 . Anterior chamber cell counts at peak @entity32 obtained by automated image analysis and @entity1 grading were highly correlated (r = 0.961), and correlated well with the histologic score of @entity32 (r = 0.895). Inflamed eyes showed a significant increase in average @entity2840 (27  m, P = 0.02) and an increase in average CBI (P < 0.0001). Longitudinal imaging and quantitative image analysis identified a significant change in AC cell and CBI on day 2 with spontaneous resolution of @entity32 by day 14. Conclusions: Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography provides high-resolution images of the structural changes associated with anterior @entity1596 in @entity35 . Anterior chamber cell count and CBI determined by semi-automated image analysis strongly correlates with @entity32 , and can be used to quantify @entity32 longitudinally in single animals.

title: Quantitative Assessment of Anterior Segment Inflammation in a @entity35 Model of XXXX Using Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography.

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation', 'ciliary body inflammation']

entities_list: @entity2840 :: ('MESH:C563262', 'Disease') :: ['central corneal thickness', 'CCT']

answer: @entity1596 :: (MESH:D014605,Disease) :: ['Uveitis']


abstract: A @entity5 is a rare @entity5 which can be cured when localized and treated by surgery. Chemotherapy is not effective, and @entity1943 is used for palliation. Rarely is the disease aggressive, and thus does not contribute to a shortening of @entity1 survival. The aim of this study was to define the treatment and survival of @entity1 with primary lung @entity5 . Forty-three @entity1 (26 males, 17 females; median age 43 years, range 11-73 years), from 1993 to 2007, were included in this study. All @entity1 had histologically confirmed @entity5 . The site of the disease at diagnosis was the lung in all 43 @entity1 . All @entity1 underwent surgery which involved mainly typical or sleeve lobectomy. Eight @entity1 had a pneumonectomy. One @entity1 had the primary @entity5 excised for palliation as there were @entity3 in the liver. Somatostatin palliative treatment was administered to 4 @entity1 ; 1 with liver and 3 with lung recurrence. Two of the 43 @entity1 died within 2 years after surgery. The median survival was not reached as all @entity1 , apart from 2, were alive after a median follow-up of 5 years (mean survival 159 months). As a rule, a @entity5 is an extremely slow-growing disease with some rare exceptions. All of our @entity1 had primary @entity358 . All, apart from 2, were alive at the end of the study, and 93% were without recurrence for a duration of 6 months to 13 years. The @entity1 with liver @entity3 who underwent no specific treatment had a median survival as long as 8 years.

title: Lung XXXX biology: treatment and survival.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'malignant disease', 'carcinoid tumors', 'carcinoid tumor']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['lung disease']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

answer: @entity5 :: (MESH:D009369,Disease) :: ['carcinoid tumor']


abstract: BACKGROUND/AIMS: Since the polio epidemic in Ireland in the 1950s, most polio survivors are approaching into the 6th and 7th decade of their lives. There is little data about bone density and risk of @entity174 in these @entity1 . In 2006, we undertook an audit of @entity11165 @entity1 attending rheumatology and neurology outpatient clinics in a university teaching hospital. Our aim was to determine the prevalence of @entity170 ( @entity170 ), falls and @entity174 and to evaluate the association of bone density with other potential contributing factors to @entity170 . METHODS: Over a 6-month period, 50 @entity11165 @entity1 attending outpatient clinics completed a questionnaire, and subsequently their medical records were reviewed. Demographic data and details of treatment were extracted. The @entity1 underwent a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scanning to quantify bone mineral density. RESULTS: Thirty subjects (60%) were females (26 were postmenopausal). The average age of females was 60 +/- 13.4 years and of @entity1 59 +/- 16.8 years. Overall, 41 (82%) of the @entity1 had experienced falls in the last 5 years and 32 (64%) in the last 6 months. Nineteen (38%) of the @entity1 had experienced a @entity174 in the last 5 years. Based on the bone mineral density data, 28 (56%) of the @entity1 were diagnosed with @entity170 and 20 (40%) had @entity2331 , but only 8 (16%) received anti-resorptive therapy. Of the 19 @entity1 who had a @entity174 , 14 (74%) had @entity170 and 5 (26%) had @entity2331 , of whom only 6 (32%) received anti-resorptive therapy. Eight out of 9 @entity174 of the neck of femur occurred in the weaker leg. CONCLUSIONS: Post-polio @entity1 are a high-risk group for @entity174 , and thus bone density assessment, review of falls risk and therapeutic intervention should be considered for all @entity1 . Both @entity2331 and @entity170 are associated with increased @entity174 risk.

title: High incidence of @entity170 and @entity174 in an aging XXXX population.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures', 'fracture', 'bone fracture']

entities_list: @entity170 :: ('MESH:D010024', 'Disease') :: ['OP', 'osteoporosis']

entities_list: @entity2331 :: ('MESH:D001851', 'Disease') :: ['osteopenia']

answer: @entity11165 :: (MESH:D016262,Disease) :: ['post-polio']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy of a @entity616 as an alternative technique for @entity1337 after knee arthroplasty and to indicate the usefulness and advantages of the anterior @entity1930 . MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between April 2004 and March 2006, we studied a series of consecutive @entity1 undergoing knee arthroplasty in which a @entity510 was used as the anesthetic technique and postoperative @entity1337 was provided by means of a combined peripheral femoral @entity616 and an @entity1930 . We evaluated the mean length of time free from @entity158 , quality of @entity1337 , and length of stay in hospital. RESULTS: Seventy-eight @entity1 were included in the study. The mean (SD) length of time free from @entity158 for the group was 42.1 (3.9) hours. @entity1 reported mild @entity158 after 34.8 (4.1) hours and moderate to severe @entity158 after 42.4 (3.5) hours. By the third day, 62.8% of @entity1 were able to bend the knee to 90 degrees. There were no complications resulting from the technique and the level of @entity1 satisfaction was high. CONCLUSIONS: A combined @entity2096 is effective in knee arthroplasty. It controls @entity282 and allows for early rehabilitation. The anterior approach to the sciatic nerve is relatively simple to perform without removing the pressure bandaging from the thigh after surgery. This approach also makes it unnecessary to move the @entity1 .

title: [Postoperative @entity1337 in knee arthroplasty using an XXXX and a femoral @entity616 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['subarachnoid block']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

entities_list: @entity2096 :: ('MESH:D020428', 'Disease') :: ['femoral-sciatic nerve block']

entities_list: @entity282 :: ('MESH:D010149', 'Disease') :: ['postoperative pain']

entities_list: @entity1930 :: ('MESH:D020426', 'Disease') :: ['anterior sciatic nerve block', 'approach to the sciatic nerve block']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['nerve block']

answer: @entity1930 :: (MESH:D020426,Disease) :: ['anterior sciatic nerve block']


abstract: Tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) are a family of closely related proteins that inhibit matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). In the central nervous system (CNS), TIMPs 2, 3, and 4 are constitutively expressed at high levels, whereas @entity5779 can be induced by various stimuli. Here, we studied the effects of constitutive expression of @entity5779 in the CNS in @entity19 . Transgene expression started prenatally and persisted throughout lifetime at high levels. Since MMP activity has been implicated in CNS development, in proper function of the adult CNS, and in inflammatory disorders, we investigated @entity5779 -induced CNS alterations. Despite sufficient MMP inhibition, high expressor @entity19 had a normal phenotype. The absence of compensatory up-regulation of MMP genes in the CNS of @entity5779 @entity19 indicates that development, learning, and memory functions do not require the entire MMP arsenal. To elucidate the effects of strong @entity5779 expression in CNS @entity32 , we induced @entity56 . We observed a @entity5779 dose-dependent mitigation of both @entity56 symptoms and histological lesions in the CNS of @entity19 . All in all, our data demonstrate that (1) long-term CNS expression of @entity5779 with complete suppression of gelatinolytic activity does not interfere with physiological brain function and (2) @entity5779 might constitute a promising candidate for long-term therapeutic treatment of inflammatory @entity6220 such as @entity15 .

title: Long-term expression of tissue-inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in the @entity19 central nervous system does not alter the morphological and behavioral phenotype but alleviates the course of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity32 :: ('MESH:D007249', 'Disease') :: ['inflammation']

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['CNS diseases']

entities_list: @entity19 :: ('10090', 'Species') :: ['transgenic mice']

entities_list: @entity56 :: ('MESH:D004342', 'Disease') :: ['experimental allergic encephalomyelitis']

entities_list: @entity15 :: ('MESH:D009103', 'Disease') :: ['multiple sclerosis']

answer: @entity56 :: (MESH:D004342,Disease) :: ['experimental allergic encephalomyelitis']


abstract: Four @entity1 with advanced endocrine @entity5 were treated with a @entity1943 analogue (SMS 201-995) for palliation of hormone-induced symptoms during 3-6 months. Two had the @entity4303 (one midgut and one foregut), one had @entity259 and an @entity11060 , and one @entity1 had a metastatic @entity7581 . The @entity4303 @entity1 had excellent symptomatic relief with a low dose of the drug, 50 micrograms subcutaneously twice daily, in one case despite progression of @entity5 disease and biochemical @entity5 markers. These findings indicate an action of the drug not only on hormonal release but also at peripheral sites. The @entity1 with @entity259 had relief of @entity344 when the drug dose was increased (100 micrograms twice daily). The levels of ACTH in peripheral blood were reduced, but not the calcitonin levels. The @entity7581 @entity1 had undergone a major pancreatic resection (Whipple procedure) and was treated with @entity4546 . @entity2390 reduced the peripheral @entity8243 levels acutely, but during the treatment fasting @entity8243 values increased, and the @entity5 growth progressed. Treatment was stopped owing to elevated fasting @entity413 level, increased steatorrhoea, and clinical attacks of @entity255 . Special attention is advocated for @entity1 with major pancreatic resection and biliary reconstruction, who may be susceptible to physiological effects of @entity1943 (or its analogues)--that is, impaired insulin release and decreased motility.

title: The use of a long-acting @entity1943 analogue in the treatment of advanced endocrine @entity5 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity11060 :: ('MESH:D000182', 'Disease') :: ['ectopic ACTH syndrome']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumour', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity344 :: ('MESH:D005767', 'Disease') :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']

entities_list: @entity255 :: ('MESH:D002761', 'Disease') :: ['cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity4303 :: ('MESH:D002276', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoid syndrome', 'carcinoid']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity259 :: ('MESH:D013964', 'Disease') :: ['medullary thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity4546 :: ('MESH:D009853', 'Chemical') :: ['omeprazole']

entities_list: @entity7581 :: ('MESH:D015408', 'Disease') :: ['gastrinoma']

answer: @entity344 :: (MESH:D005767,Disease) :: ['gastrointestinal symptoms']


abstract: @entity1 whole blood assays are increasingly employed to test immune function or detect pyrogenic contamination, since they offer advantages, such as ease of performance, few preparation artifacts and a physiological cell environment. However, the approach is often limited by the availability of freshly drawn blood, putative safety concerns in the case of infected donors and interindividual donor differences. To overcome these limitations, a method was developed and optimized to produce batches of cryopreserved blood that can be used directly after thawing without any washing steps. Mononuclear cells remained intact as shown by FACS analysis. Cytokine release could be induced by a variety of immunological stimuli. The cell preparation released higher amounts of @entity1356 ( @entity1356 ) and @entity650 compared to fresh blood, but no TNF. These differences could be attributed to the presence of the cryoprotectant @entity3733 ( @entity3733 ) alone by addition of @entity3733 to fresh blood. Large batches of cryopreserved blood could be produced by mixing blood donations of up to 10 donors, independent of differing blood groups. The detection limit for the World Health Organization (WHO) lipopolysaccharides (endotoxin, @entity558 ) reference preparation (EC-6) with regard to the induction of @entity1356 release was at least 0.5 endotoxin equivalent units (EU)/ml. Endotoxin spikes at the limit concentrations prescribed in the European Pharmacopoeia could be detected in a series of drugs, showing that the In vitro Pyrogen Test (IPT) can also be run with cryopreserved blood. Further possible applications include high-throughput screening for immunomodulators or toxins as well as preservation of @entity1 samples for later analysis of cell functions.

title: Cryopreservation of XXXX whole blood for pyrogenicity testing.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patient', 'Human']

entities_list: @entity1356 :: ('3553', 'Gene') :: ['interleukin-1beta', 'IL-1beta']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylsulfoxide', 'DMSO']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Conventional drugs used in the treatment and prevention of @entity409 often have side effects, therefore research into natural substances are of significance. This study examined the effects of blueberry on liver protection and cellular immune functions. METHODS: To determine the effects of blueberry on liver protective function, male @entity19 were orally administered blueberry (0.6 g/10 g) or normal saline for 21 days. Hepatic RNA was extracted by @entity26661 reagent, and the expression of @entity10182 , HO-1, and @entity26662 was determined by real-time RT-PCR. @entity224 dismutase (SOD) and @entity1234 ( @entity1865 ) in liver homogenate were determined, and liver index was measured. To assess the effects of blueberry on cellular immune function, male @entity19 received blueberry (0.4, 0.6, or 0.8 g/10 g) for 35 days, and the percentages of CD3+, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocyte subgroups in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry, the index of the thymus and spleen was measured, and lymphocyte proliferation in the spleen was determined by @entity98 assay. RESULTS: Blueberry treatment significantly increased the expression of @entity10182 , HO-1, and @entity26662 , the important antioxidant components in the liver. Hepatic SOD in the blueberry group was higher and @entity1865 was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). Blueberry also increased the index of the spleen and enhanced the proliferation of lymphocytes of the spleen (P<0.05). The percentages of the CD3+ and CD4+ T lymphocyte subsets and the @entity1961 + ratio were also increased by blueberry (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Blueberry induces expression of @entity10182 , HO-1, and @entity26662 , which can protect hepatocytes from oxidative stress. In addition, blueberry can modulate T-cell function in @entity19 .

title: Effect of blueberry on hepatic and immunological functions in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['liver diseases']

entities_list: @entity1234 :: ('MESH:D008315', 'Chemical') :: ['malondialdehyde']

entities_list: @entity224 :: ('MESH:D013481', 'Chemical') :: ['Superoxide']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: The aim of study was the investigation of blood @entity842 (NO) and @entity3362 ( @entity6836 ) levels in 12 hours of @entity385 onset and establishment of correlation of these data with @entity1423 and initial @entity2806 size. 48 @entity1 , aged 45 to 70 years, 26 female, 22 male were investigated. Glasgow @entity772 Scale (GCS) and National Institute Health @entity64 Scale (NIHSS) assessed initial @entity16 . @entity1 were divided in mild and severe @entity64 groups. Control comprised 20 healthy individuals. @entity2806 were evaluated on conventional MRI scans. NO levels were measured by electron paramagnet resonance (EPR) method. @entity6836 levels were defined by spectrophotometer method. Erythrocyte aggregability index (EAI) was measured by sound method [Biorheology 30(2) (1993), 153-161]. Pearson correlation and multivariate model of logistic regression was applied. Significant negative correlation was established between NO initial blood levels and the EAI (r=-0.75; p<0.001), as well as between blood @entity6836 and NO initial levels and @entity2806 size (r=-0.79, p<0.01; r=-0.61, p<0.02, respectively). Endothelialy derived NO correlates with @entity1423 and probably has a positive impact on restoration of cerebral blood flow in the initial stage of acute @entity2806 .

title: Effect of @entity842 initial blood levels on XXXX during 12 hours from @entity385 onset.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['stroke', 'Stroke']

entities_list: @entity2806 :: ('MESH:D002545', 'Disease') :: ['Ischemic lesions', 'ischemic lesion', 'brain ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1423 :: ('MESH:D001791', 'Disease') :: ['erythrocyte aggregability']

entities_list: @entity3362 :: ('MESH:D009566', 'Chemical') :: ['nitrates']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological impairment']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['ischemic stroke']

answer: @entity1423 :: (MESH:D001791,Disease) :: ['erythrocyte aggregability']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To summarize the clinical experience of stented @entity7105 trunk with femoral artery bypass grafting procedure to treat severe @entity384 of Stanford A @entity1580 or @entity449 . To study the surgical indication and surgical strategy of chronic Stanford A @entity1580 and @entity384 , also to summarize the early follow-up results. METHODS: From February 2006 to November 2011, 19 @entity1 with Stanford A @entity1580 or @entity449 with extented @entity384 (megaaorta) received stented @entity7105 trunk with femoral artery bypass grafting procedure. There were 3 acute cases and 16 chronic cases with 14 male @entity1 and 5 female @entity1 . Average age of this group was (42    8) years and average body weight was (70    15) kg. One @entity1 was @entity449 and all the other were Stanford A @entity1580 . Eight @entity1 were @entity244 . Ascending aorta replacement or Bentall's operation was done first and total arch replacement and stented @entity7105 trunk operation was done under deep @entity2332 and @entity1167 . After the @entity1 was weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass, bypass from ascending aorta to femoral artery was done subcutaneously using the 10 mm graft in the same femoral incision. RESULTS: There was no operative mortality. One @entity1 had chylothorax which recovered with medical treatment and one @entity1 got @entity451 after surgery. The cardiopulmonary bypass time was (176    42) minutes, aortic cross clamping time was (88    25) minutes and deep @entity2332 and low flow rate time was (23    8) minutes. The blood pressure of the lower extremities were normal after operation. Follow-up time was (22    19) months. All @entity1 survived. False lumen closure rate at the stent level was 100%. CT scan at 3 to 6 months after operation showed no obvious dilation of the descending aorta. Two @entity1 successfully received second stage operation of @entity823 . CONCLUSIONS: Stented @entity7105 trunk and aorta to femoral artery bypass is a safe procedure to treat @entity1580 or @entity449 with extended @entity384 . This procedure can effectively increase the blood supply of the lower extremities due to small true lumen of the descending aorta, and may decrease the speed of dilation of the false lumen. It is also a practical procedure to lay the foundation for the second stage operation of normothemia thoracoabdominal aorta replacement.

title: [Stented XXXX trunk and femoral artery bypass grafting surgery for extended @entity384 of Stanford A @entity1580 or @entity449 ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity449 :: ('MESH:D001014', 'Disease') :: ['aortic aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity384 :: ('MESH:D002311', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal dilation']

entities_list: @entity823 :: ('MESH:D058502', 'Disease') :: ['total (subtotal) thoracoabdominal aorta replacement']

entities_list: @entity244 :: ('MESH:D014899', 'Disease') :: ["Mafan's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['circulatory arrest']

entities_list: @entity451 :: ('MESH:C536857', 'Disease') :: ['paraplegia']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['aortic dissection']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity7105 :: (9783,Species) :: ['elephant']


abstract: AIM: To characterize and compare @entity358 ( @entity358 ) measured by plethysmography with @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ), and to identify variables that predict the difference between the two modalities. METHODS: Fifty-nine consecutive @entity1 referred for the evaluation of COPD were retrospectively reviewed. @entity1 underwent full pulmonary function testing and @entity2101 within 3 months. @entity358 was obtained by plethysmography as per American @entity1514 Society/European Respiratory Society standards and by @entity2101 using custom software on 0.75 and 5 mm thick contiguous slices performed at full inspiration ( @entity358 ). RESULTS: @entity358 measured by plethysmography correlated with @entity358 measured by inspiratory @entity2101 (r = 0.92, P < 0.01). @entity358 measured by plethysmography was larger than that determined by inspiratory @entity2101 in most @entity1 (mean of 6.46    1.28 L and 5.34    1.20 L respectively, P < 0.05). @entity358 measured by both plethysmography and @entity2101 correlated significantly with indices of airflow obstruction (forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity [FVC] and FVC%), static lung volumes (residual volume, percent predicted [RV%], @entity358 , percent predicted [ @entity358 %], functional residual capacity, percent predicted [FRC%], and inspiratory capacity, percent predicted), and percent @entity2415 . @entity358 by plethysmography and @entity2101 both demonstrated significant inverse correlations with @entity73 . The absolute difference between @entity358 measured by plethysmography and @entity2101 increased as RV%, @entity358 %, and FRC% increased. Gas trapping (RV% and FRC%) independently predicted the difference in @entity358 between plethysmography and @entity2101 . CONCLUSION: In COPD, @entity358 by plethysmography can be up to 2 L greater than inspiratory @entity2101 . Gas trapping independently predicts @entity1 for whom @entity358 by plethysmography differs significantly from @entity2101 .

title: Total lung capacity by plethysmography and XXXX in COPD.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['diffusion impairment']

entities_list: @entity2415 :: ('MESH:D004646', 'Disease') :: ['emphysema']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['TLC', 'total lung capacity']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['high-resolution computed tomography', 'HRCT']

answer: @entity2101 :: (MESH:C538394,Disease) :: ['high-resolution computed tomography']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin testing and RASTs are the most commonly used methods for the diagnosis of @entity566 . Questions remain, however, as to the accuracy of these tests, particularly with regard to the role of intradermal skin tests (IDSTs) in the evaluation of @entity1576 . OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of skin prick tests (SPTs), IDSTs, and RASTs in the diagnosis of @entity34143 . METHODS: @entity1 were challenged with a well-characterized cat exposure model after evaluation by history, SPTs, IDSTs (if SPT results were negative), and RASTs. All @entity1 were evaluated with respect to their upper respiratory responses, although only those @entity1 with @entity565 were included in the analysis of lower airway responses. Challenge results were considered positive if the mean upper respiratory symptom score was 0.5 or more, the mean lower respiratory symptom score was 0.4 or more, or the maximum fall in FEV1 value was 15% or more. RESULTS: One hundred twenty @entity1 were evaluated. SPT values were positive in 81 @entity1 ; of the remaining 39 @entity1 , IDST values were positive in 26 @entity1 . RASTs were performed in 89 @entity1 ; the values were positive in 45 of 51 @entity1 with a positive SPT value and were negative in all @entity1 with a negative SPT value. When any positive challenge outcome was considered, positive challenge results were seen in 38 of 41 @entity1 with a positive SPT score, in 10 of 39 @entity1 with a negative SPT score, in 6 of 26 @entity1 with a positive IDST score, in 4 of 13 @entity1 with a negative IDST score, in 27 of 27 @entity1 with a positive RAST score, and in 12 of 44 @entity1 with a negative RAST score. CONCLUSION: Although both SPT and RAST values exhibited excellent efficiency in the diagnosis of @entity34143 , IDST scores added little to the diagnostic evaluation.

title: A comparison of skin prick tests, intradermal skin tests, and RASTs in the diagnosis of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity34143 :: ('MESH:D002371', 'Disease') :: ['cat allergy']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory allergy']

answer: @entity34143 :: (MESH:D002371,Disease) :: ['cat allergy']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity6875 ( @entity6875 ) is a common cause of morbidity in @entity1 with @entity2743 . Optimal treatment of @entity6875 remains unclear, and an evidence-based approach may improve @entity1 ' outcome. METHODS: A systematic review and metaanalysis of randomized, controlled trials comparing treatment modalities for @entity6875 vs. placebo, no intervention, or other treatments. Primary outcome was the clinical activity score (CAS). RESULTS: Thirty-three trials evaluating 1367 @entity1 fulfilled inclusion criteria. In @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity6875 , iv pulse @entity288 were significantly better than oral @entity288 in reducing CAS [standardized mean difference -0.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) -1.11 to -0.17, chi(2) 7.91, I(2) 62%, random effect], with lower rate of adverse events. @entity1943 analogs showed a minor but statistically significant advantage over placebo (mean difference -0.63, 95% CI -0.98 to -0.28). There was no advantage of orbital radiotherapy over sham radiation in CAS, but radiotherapy was superior for response rates of @entity892 (odds ratio 4.88, 95% CI 1.93-12.34, two trials). Treatment with combination of orbital radiotherapy and @entity288 was significantly better than with either treatment alone (standardized mean difference -1.05, 95% CI -1.62 to -0.48). CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence demonstrates the efficacy of iv @entity288 in decreasing CAS in @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity6875 . Intravenous pulse @entity288 therapy has a small but statistically significant advantage oral therapy and causes significantly fewer adverse events. @entity1943 analogs have marginal clinical efficacy. The efficacy of orbital radiotherapy as single therapy remains unclear, whereas the combination of radiotherapy with @entity288 has better efficacy than either radiotherapy or oral @entity288 alone.

title: Treatment modalities for XXXX : systematic review and metaanalysis.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity2743 :: ('MESH:D006111', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' disease"]

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['diplopia']

entities_list: @entity6875 :: ('MESH:D049970', 'Disease') :: ["Graves' ophthalmopathy", 'GO']

entities_list: @entity1943 :: ('MESH:D013004', 'Chemical') :: ['Somatostatin']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity6875 :: (MESH:D049970,Disease) :: ['Graves' ophthalmopathy']