abstract: PURPOSE: Psychophysical studies indicate that many dyslexics have a motion-processing deficit. The purpose of this study was to determine whether elevated motion coherence thresholds correlate with the specific @entity13352 as defined by the Boder classification scheme. METHODS: Twenty-one dyslexics (seven dyseidetics, six dysphonetics, and eight dysphoneidetics) and 19 age- and gender-matched controls participated in the study. The dyslexics were identified by an exclusionary approach and then subtyped with the @entity5545 Test or the @entity5545 Determination Test. Motion coherence thresholds were determined with random dot kinematograms composed of signal dots and noise dots. Signal dots moved either left or right on each trial, whereas noise dots moved in random directions. The percentage of dots that comprised the signal was varied randomly on each trial (0 to 21% in 3% increments). Subjects guessed the direction of signal dot motion on each trial (two-alternative forced-choice task). A 75% correct threshold was determined with a Weibull equation fit to the psychometric function. RESULTS: All three @entity13352 had elevated motion coherence thresholds (t-test; dyseidetics p = 0.01, dysphonetics p = 0.039, dysphoneidetics p = 0.048). CONCLUSION: Motion-coherence deficits are not correlated with a specific dyslexic subtype, but, rather, are common to all subtypes. However, some individuals in each of the @entity13352 were found to have normal motion coherence thresholds, suggesting that other factors must be considered to predict the motion sensitivity deficits found in @entity5545 .

title: All developmental XXXX display an elevated motion coherence threshold.

entities_list: @entity13352 :: ('MESH:C535673', 'Disease') :: ['dyslexic subtypes']

entities_list: @entity5545 :: ('MESH:D004410', 'Disease') :: ['Dyslexia', 'dyslexia', 'Adult Dyslexia']

answer: @entity13352 :: (MESH:C535673,Disease) :: ['dyslexic subtypes']


abstract: Thirty @entity1 (24 inpatients and 6 outpatients) with a clinical diagnosis of @entity1252 were examined between September 1, 1998 and August 1, 1999 in the rheumatology clinic of Jichi Medical School Hospital. All of these @entity1 fulfilled the 1982 revised criteria of the American @entity627 Association for the classification of @entity1252 and had some @entity146 manifestations ( @entity146 @entity1252 ; P- @entity1252 group). Mean @entity1 age was 38.6 +/- 13.0, and there were 5 males and 25 females. When classified into 5 subgroups according to the most prominent symptoms, the distribution was as follows: consciousness disturbance group: 6 (20%), @entity161 -like group: 5 (16.7%), @entity1316 group: 7 (23.3%), @entity11167 -like group: 10 (33.3%), and @entity410 disorder group: 2 (6.7%). Among all 37 @entity146 episodes, symptoms appeared in 37.8% of cases during the acute phase of @entity1252 (during onset or recurrence) and in 62.9% during the chronic phase (during remission). The profile of the P- @entity1252 group showed that the @entity146 symptoms of the @entity1252 @entity1 were milder and more chronic than those described in previous reports. To begin to comprehend the psychopathology of @entity1252 , we put forward the concept of "Psychiatric basal state" and " @entity146 conjugated state". The former is considered a direct reflection of the acute-phase @entity1252 process on mental condition. It is defined clinically as @entity146 symptoms that parallel the activity of @entity1252 and respond well to @entity134 therapy. The latter include all other @entity146 in which one cannot rule out the effects of pharmacological, somatic, personality, and environmental effects on @entity146 symptoms. Only 3 @entity1 in the P- @entity1252 group fulfilled the criteria for the " @entity146 basal state". All three @entity1 belonged to the consciousness disturbance group, whose clinical features were defined as slight clouding of consciousness, so-called "Amentia" in the sense of the German terminology. The clinical profile of this state is: 1. the @entity1 are young (about 16 years old), 2. the onset of @entity146 symptoms is within 5 years after the onset of @entity1252 , 3. @entity911 and disorientation are the most characteristic features, and 4. the clinical course of this state is almost 2 months. The experience structure of the " @entity146 basal state" consists of: 1. difficulty in selecting and holding a topic in cognition, 2. @entity911 and emotional instability as the basal mood, and 3. primitive and floating forms of delusions and @entity1833 . Using this concept of the " @entity146 basal state" as a clue, we can hypothesize the continuity of diverse @entity146 symptoms in @entity1252 . The "proper process of @entity1252 ( @entity7375 )" has a disintegrating effect on the "ego" and it allows various psychopathological phenomena to emerge in the experience field. Against this background, additional factors, such as secondary organ damage, personality structure, and social environment, induce organization of the " @entity146 conjugated state".

title: [A clinical study of psychopathology in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['convulsive']

entities_list: @entity627 :: ('MESH:D012216', 'Disease') :: ['Rheumatism']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric', 'psychiatric problems']

entities_list: @entity1833 :: ('MESH:D006212', 'Disease') :: ['hallucinations']

entities_list: @entity1316 :: ('MESH:D019964', 'Disease') :: ['mood disorder']

entities_list: @entity134 :: ('CHEBI:35341', 'Chemical') :: ['steroid']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

entities_list: @entity911 :: ('MESH:D003221', 'Disease') :: ['confusion']

answer: @entity1252 :: (MESH:D008180,Disease) :: ['systemic lupus erythematosus']


abstract: The strategy for treating @entity263 @entity1 depends on the assessment of disease extent, assessment of the risk of disease relapse, assessment of life expectancy, comorbidities, affinities and life-style. Since the activity and survival of @entity263 cells is at least initially dependent on @entity342 stimulation, hormonal therapy is one of the several standard treatment modalities. Hormonal therapy is aimed at decreasing this @entity342 stimulation either by lowering @entity342 production or by blocking receptor binding. Hormonal therapy is in fact @entity342 -suppressive therapy (AST) or @entity342 -deprivation therapy (ADT). If effective, it results in the lack of @entity5 cell stimulation, thus causing their apoptosis and consequently decline in @entity5 growth and size. Hormonal therapy is used as a first-line treatment modality for @entity3 . In addition to this indication, hormonal therapy is also used as an adjunct to radiotherapy with curative intent for @entity1 with non-metastic disease but having an intermediate and high risk of disease relapse. In combination with radiotherapy, hormonal therapy can be applied before, concomitantly and after radiotherapy for the duration of 6 months or 2 to 3 years depending on the risk estimation. Regarding hormonal therapy, it can be applied in combination with other treatments, in several ways, and sometimes there might be several options available. This possible lack of a specific recommendation is a consequence of the fact that there is a limited number of adequate clinical studies which, moreover, may have yielded inconsistent results sometimes simply due to the @entity1 ' heterogeneity. Moreover, thanks to the newer and better diagnostic methods enabling the @entity263 in @entity66 stages, as well as to the more effective treatments, there is also a prolongation of relapse-free survival and possibly of overall survival in @entity1 having metastic disease. Consequently, the results of earlier clinical studies might no longer be applicable to the new "generations" of upcoming @entity1 . As regards this improved survival, issues of @entity1 's quality of life and possible side-effects of hormonal therapy are also becoming increasingly relevant because hormonal adverse events are time-dependant and tend to increase in severity with prolongation of hormonal manipulation. Therefore, this paper aims to give an overview of the more recent findings, indications and observations regarding hormonal therapy.

title: [Hormonal therapy of XXXX : are there any dilemmas left?].

entities_list: @entity263 :: ('MESH:D011471', 'Disease') :: ['discovery of prostate cancer', 'prostate cancer']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['earlier disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity342 :: ('CHEBI:50113', 'Chemical') :: ['androgen']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastatic disease']

answer: @entity263 :: (MESH:D011471,Disease) :: ['prostate cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate a possible association between clinical outcome of @entity1 with @entity3271 and expression of 2 cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, @entity994 ( @entity994 ) and @entity55755 ( @entity13525 ), and of DNA topoisomerase II-alpha (Ki-S1), which has been recently used as a marker of cellular proliferation. DESIGN: Ninety-one specially selected @entity1 with @entity1779 treated with surgery and radiotherapy were studied retrospectively. Tumor specimens were immunohistochemically examined with antibodies to @entity994 , @entity13525 , and Ki-S1. A computerized color image analyzer was used to count immunostained nuclei. RESULTS: The mean Ki-S1 @entity894 ( @entity894 ) was found to be significantly prominent for World Health Organization (WHO) high-grade @entity5 (9.5% vs. 3.2% for WHO @entity5 ). In contrast, the mean @entity13525 @entity894 was significantly higher for @entity5 (43.3% vs 25.7% for high-grade @entity5 ). The number of @entity994 -positive cases and the mean @entity994 @entity894 were found to be relatively equal for low- and high-grade @entity5 . For low-grade @entity3271 , the progression-free and overall survival times were found to be significantly shorter for @entity5 with @entity13525 LIs less than 20%. For high-grade @entity3271 , survival times were significantly reduced for @entity5 with Ki-S1 LIs greater than 10%. Regression-tree analysis identified 4 groups of @entity3271 with distinctly different outcomes: (1) 32 @entity1 with @entity5 and @entity13525 LIs greater than 20%; (2) 14 @entity1 with @entity5 and @entity13525 LIs less than 20%; (3) 25 @entity1 with high-grade @entity5 and Ki-S1 LIs less than 10%; and (4) 20 @entity1 with high-grade @entity5 and Ki-S1 LIs greater than 10%. CONCLUSIONS: Immunoreactivity for Ki-S1 and @entity13525 was found to be useful for further subdividing @entity3271 prognoses among low-grade and high-grade @entity5 . It seems unlikely that @entity994 immunohistochemistry will be of value for determining clinical outcomes for @entity1 with @entity3271 .

title: The prognostic significance of DNA topoisomerase II-alpha (Ki-S1), XXXX / @entity994 , and @entity55755 protein immunoexpression in @entity3271 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity894 :: ('MESH:C566784', 'Disease') :: ['labeling index', 'LI']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['low-grade tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral oligodendrogliomas']

entities_list: @entity3271 :: ('MESH:D009837', 'Disease') :: ['oligodendrogliomas', 'oligodendroglioma']

answer: @entity994 :: (1026,Gene) :: ['p21']


abstract: @entity4310 ( @entity4310 ) is an @entity74 characterised by high levels of LDL @entity165 and a high incidence of @entity453 . Our aims were to track the @entity754 ( @entity754 ) gene in individual families with phenotypic @entity4310 and to identify and characterise any mutations of the @entity754 gene that may be common in the west of Scotland @entity4310 population using single strand conformational polymorphism analysis (SSCP). @entity1 samples consisted of 80 heterozygous probands with @entity4310 , 200 subjects who were related to the probands, and a further 50 normal, unrelated control subjects. Tracking of the @entity754 gene was accomplished by amplification of a 19 allele tetranucleotide microsatellite that is tightly linked to the @entity754 gene locus. Primers specific for exon 4 of the @entity754 gene were used to amplify genomic DNA and used for SSCP analysis. Any PCR products with different migration patterns as assessed by SSCP were then sequenced directly. In addition to identifying probands with a common mutation, family members were screened using a forced restriction site assay and analysed using microplate array diagonal gel electrophoresis (MADGE). Microsatellite D19S394 analysis was informative in 20 of 23 families studied. In these families there was no inconsistency with segregation of the @entity4310 phenotype with the @entity754 locus. Of the @entity4310 probands, 15/80 had a mutant allele as assessed by SSCP using three pairs of primers covering the whole of exon 4 of the @entity754 gene. Direct DNA sequencing showed that 7/15 of the probands had a @entity55657 mutation. Using a PCR induced restriction site assay for the enzyme RsaI and MADGE, it was determined that the @entity55657 mutation cosegregated with the @entity4310 phenotype in family members of the @entity4310 probands. This mutant allele was not present in any of the control subjects. Microsatellite analysis has proven useful in tracking the @entity754 gene and could be used in conjunction with LDL @entity165 levels to diagnose @entity4310 , especially in @entity1 and young adults where phenotypic diagnosis can be difficult.

title: Identification of a common XXXX mutation ( @entity55657 ) in the west of Scotland.

entities_list: @entity754 :: ('3949', 'Gene') :: ['low density lipoprotein receptor', 'LDLR']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['autosomal codominant disorder']

entities_list: @entity4310 :: ('MESH:D009386', 'Disease') :: ['Familial hypercholesterolaemia', 'FH']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity754 :: (3949,Gene) :: ['low density lipoprotein receptor']


abstract: In the assessment of malignant @entity43 , frozen section has been found to be accurate in 97.1% (168 of 173) of cases. The positive predictive value of frozen section in the diagnosis of a malignant lesion was 100% (34 of 34). Errors were mainly made in the diagnosis of borderline @entity5 with a predictive value of 87.5% (7 of 8). The negative predictive value was 98.4% (127 of 129). Frozen section however, was less accurate in the diagnosis of specific histological type with an accuracy rate of 91.9% (159 of 173). Macroscopic features were found to be useful in the intraoperative prediction of malignant potential. @entity5 were benign in 96.4% (108 of 167) of cases. Solid/ @entity5 were malignant in 69% (27 of 38) of cases. @entity5 were malignant in 56% (9 of 16) of cases. Frozen section in completely cystic @entity5 only marginally improved the clinical macroscopic diagnosis of @entity5 . The sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound scan in the diagnosis of @entity5 were 82% and 86% respectively. The false negative rate of 7% makes laparoscopic excision of unsuspected malignant ovarian cyst a significant possibility. The predictive value of ultrasound scan in the diagnosis of @entity43 was 62% (26 of 42). In the preoperative assessment of malignant @entity43 , this study shows that ultrasound scan has a high false positive and a significant false negative rate. Careful intraoperative assessment of gross features and the use of frozen section especially in those with solid/cystic and solid @entity5 will help achieve a high accuracy rate in the @entity43 .

title: Pre and intraoperative diagnosis of XXXX : how accurate are we?

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['malignant ovarian tumour', 'potential of ovarian tumours', 'assessment of ovarian tumours']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['Completely cystic tumours', 'cystic tumors', 'tumours', 'Completely solid tumours', 'malignant/borderline tumours', 'malignancy']

answer: @entity43 :: (MESH:D010051,Disease) :: ['ovarian tumours']


abstract: The @entity2235 (SV40)-transformed, newborn @entity1 kidney cell line NB-F was found to be heterogeneous with respect to its sensitivity to @entity49999 . The majority of the cells sustain a productive H-1 @entity281 which eventually causes their lysis. Yet, a small fraction of the cells appears to be much less susceptible to H-1. Such a resistance to H-1 @entity281 is a stable, transmissible property of this subpopulation of cells which was denoted NB-FR. The heterogeneity of NB-F cells is also apparent from the distribution of their karyotypes, which is bimodal and peaks at 114 and 46 chromosomes/cell. In contrast, the great majority of NB-FR cells contain 41-50 chromosomes. H-1-resistant and -sensitive cells appear to be related in several respects: they both contain morphologically @entity1 chromosomes as well as multiple SV40 DNA inserts, and could not be distinguished by isoenzyme typing. It was investigated whether the degree of sensitivity to H-1 @entity281 correlated with other phenotypic properties of the @entity1 cell derivatives. NB-F cultures exhibit a series of transformation parameters, such as SV40 T-antigen expression, poor contact inhibition, clonogenicity in semi-solid medium and high lectin agglutinability, which are all much reduced or even undetectable in NB-FR cells. These observations suggest that cell susceptibility to H-1 segregates with marker(s) of in vitro malignant transformation. Moreover, the data indicate that parvoviruses can be used to preferentially remove transformants from a mixed culture of normal and transformed cells.

title: Positive selection of XXXX cells lacking several transformation parameters from an SV40-transformed culture by means of @entity49999 .

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate both the correlation between abnormal Doppler ultrasonography (US) hepatic vein waveforms and the hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG) and the response to drug treatment in @entity1 with @entity82 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ethics committee approval and informed consent of @entity1 and control subjects were obtained. In 78 @entity1 with @entity82 (70 @entity1 , eight @entity1 ; mean age, 49.4 years +/- 9.7 [standard deviation]) and a history of @entity548 , both the hepatic vein waveform--as measured with Doppler US--and the HVPG were measured, and the relationship between them was analyzed. Hepatic vein Doppler waveforms were classified as triphasic, biphasic, or monophasic. Severe portal @entity101 was defined as an HVPG of more than 15 mm Hg. In a subgroup of 21 @entity1 , changes in hepatic vein waveform and HVPG were evaluated after intravenous administration of 2 mg of @entity8508 . Statistical analyses were performed with Spearman rank correlation, logistic regression analysis, and cross tabulation. RESULTS: Abnormal hepatic vein waveforms were seen in 72 @entity1 (92%). Forty-four @entity1 (56%) had biphasic waveforms, 28 (36%) had monophasic waveforms, and six (8%) had triphasic waveforms. A positive correlation was found between the extent of abnormalities in hepatic vein waveforms and the increase in HVPG (P < .05). Monophasic waveforms were associated with severe portal @entity101 , with a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 95%. Twenty @entity1 in the @entity8508 subgroup had abnormal baseline waveforms; the baseline waveform improved in 18 @entity1 in association with the HVPG reduction after injection of @entity8508 . CONCLUSION: Doppler US hepatic vein waveform assessment is useful in the noninvasive evaluation of the severity of portal @entity101 and the response to vasoactive drugs in @entity1 with portal @entity101 and @entity548 .

title: Recent @entity548 : Doppler US hepatic vein waveform in assessment of severity of portal XXXX and vasoactive drug response.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'men']

entities_list: @entity82 :: ('MESH:D005355', 'Disease') :: ['cirrhosis']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['variceal bleeding']

entities_list: @entity8508 :: ('MESH:C012078', 'Chemical') :: ['terlipressin']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of spiral computed tomography (CT) in determining the etiology of @entity253 . Spiral CT studies performed over a 9-month period in 42 consecutive @entity1 with suspected @entity253 were reviewed. Analysis of scans included localizing the obstruction and then defining a specific etiology. Pertinent associated findings such as porta hepatis or peripancreatic @entity3018 , hepatic or peritoneal metastases, and @entity9007 or @entity733 formation were also assessed. Spiral CT demonstrated the level of obstruction in all 30 @entity1 in whom there was biliary tract dilatation. Thirty-two diagnoses were rendered in 30 @entity1 , with specific obstructing lesions identified in 28 instances (88%). Twenty-five (78%) of 32 specific pathological diagnoses were correct. The positive predictive value for @entity5 in the pancreatic head was 100% (n = 17). Two @entity1 with characteristic CT changes of @entity991 were diagnosed as having superimposed @entity201 , although the results of biopsies for @entity5 were negative. The sensitivity of spiral CT for detection of common duct calculi was 67% (n = 3). Due to optimal contrast @entity99 , spiral CT enables excellent visualization of the biliary system and provides a specific explanation for @entity253 in nearly all cases. Spiral CT can usually distinguish neoplastic from nonneoplastic causes of @entity1087 . When distal common duct obstruction is detected in the absence of an identifiable mass or focal ductal wall thickening, @entity5 is unlikely. It is difficult to exclude @entity991 from @entity201 on the basis of spiral CT findings, and in these @entity1 , biopsy or close follow-up is recommended to exclude the possibility of a @entity1125 .

title: XXXX . The role of spiral CT in detection and definition of disease.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3018 :: ('MESH:D009377', 'Disease') :: ['adenopathy']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasms', 'neoplasia', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity991 :: ('MESH:D015209', 'Disease') :: ['sclerosing cholangitis']

entities_list: @entity201 :: ('MESH:D018281', 'Disease') :: ['cholangiocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity9007 :: ('MESH:D010192', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic pseudocyst']

entities_list: @entity253 :: ('MESH:D001660', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract obstruction']

entities_list: @entity99 :: ('MESH:D056486', 'Disease') :: ['enhancement of both hepatic and pancreatic parenchyma']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary neoplasm']

answer: @entity253 :: (MESH:D001660,Disease) :: ['Biliary tract obstruction']


abstract: A serological comparison was made of two groups of 120 matched asthmatic and healthy subjects, between the ages of 20 and 49 years and matched for age and sex, in terms of serum total levels of IgG, IgM, IgA, IgD and IgE and of specific antibody levels in each immunoglobulin class to five common UK allergens. The relationship of clinical features to the serological tests was also examined in the asthmatic subjects. The following statistically significant findings were shown. The @entity1 had higher levels than the controls of total globulins and of IgG, IgA and IgD but not IgM. In both @entity1 and controls the females had higher IgM levels than the males. The total IgE levels were higher in @entity1 than in the controls and the male @entity1 had higher levels than the female @entity1 . Total IgE levels were also related, to the numbers of first degree relatives with @entity565 , @entity2023 and @entity484 , to the severity of @entity2023 and to the amount of time off work in the male @entity1 . In those male @entity1 with exercise induced @entity565 the total IgE levels were lower than in those not showing this reaction. As for the other immunoglobulins, the only significant differences were a higher IgG level in @entity1 with FEV1 or PFR greater than 50% predicted and a higher IgD level in @entity1 with @entity2023 . Radio-immunodiffusion tests for specific precipitins were positive for @entity7130 in comparable numbers of @entity748 (25.8%) and controls (21.7%). Positive precipitin tests were uncommon in tests with extracts of grass pollen, @entity54 , cat and @entity235 hair in the @entity1 and even less so in the controls. Positive RAST tests for specific IgE antibodies were obtained in @entity1 and controls respectively, against @entity7130 59% and 11%, grass pollen 37.0 and 12%, and A. fumigatus 6% and 4%. The male @entity1 showed the closest significant relationship of specific IgE to @entity7130 and the history of house dust @entity566 , positive skin test and nasal test. In the females only the skin and specific IgE tests were related. Both sexes showed a significant association between specific IgE to grass pollen and positive skin tests and nasal tests, but only the males showed an association with the history. The sizes of skin test weal to @entity7130 were related to the levels of specific IgE antibody. No differences were found between the four skin test groups and between the @entity748 and the control subjects in the incidence of bacterial precipitins and auto-antibodies.

title: Immunological features of XXXX (Part II). A report to the Research Committee of the British Thoracic and Tuberculosis Association.

entities_list: @entity748 :: ('MESH:D013224', 'Disease') :: ['asthmatics']

entities_list: @entity7130 :: ('6956', 'Species') :: ['Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus', 'D. pteronyssinus']

entities_list: @entity54 :: ('746128', 'Species') :: ['Aspergillus fumigatus']

answer: @entity565 :: (MESH:D001249,Disease) :: ['asthma']


abstract: Brucellosis is one of the world' @entity9855 zoonoses. No vaccine is available for the prevention of @entity3377 in @entity1 . Efforts are needed to develop an effective, safe, stable, vaccine with long lasting immunity against @entity1 @entity3377 . Here, we cloned and expressed recombinant @entity21641 succinyltransferase (rE2o) of @entity6469 in @entity526 and purified up to homogeneity by metal affinity chromatography. The purified @entity4492 o is immunoreactive with @entity3377 positive @entity291 sera. The immunogenicity and the protective potential of recombinant @entity21641 succinyltransferase (rE2o) were evaluated in BALB/c @entity19 with two different adjuvants i.e., Freund's and @entity12525 gel. @entity19 were tested for humoral immune response by ELISA. Cell mediated immune response was tested by lymphocyte proliferation assay and cytokine profiling. The recombinant E2o (rE2o) generated high IgG antibody and its isotypes @entity9686 , and induced significant production of INF-y, @entity1618 and @entity58 cytokines. The rE2o protein induced significant lymphoproliferation of splenocytes. Altogether, these results suggest that @entity4492 o induces a mixed but a predominant Th2 type of immune response in BALB/c @entity19 and provides partial protection against challenge with pathogenic @entity6469 .

title: Immunogenicity and protective potential of a bacterially expressed recombinant @entity21641 succinyltransferase (rE2o) of @entity6469 in BALB/c XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3377 :: ('MESH:D002006', 'Disease') :: ['brucellosis']

entities_list: @entity21641 :: ('MESH:C007409', 'Chemical') :: ['dihydrolipoamide']

entities_list: @entity12525 :: ('CHEBI:33130', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium hydroxide']

entities_list: @entity6469 :: ('235', 'Species') :: ['Brucella abortus']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: This paper assesses the extent to which @entity645 prevention interventions for young @entity1 in sub-Saharan Africa are grounded in theory and if theory-based interventions are more effective. Three databases were searched for evaluation studies of @entity645 prevention interventions for youth. Additional articles were identified on websites of international organisations and through searching references. 34 interventions were included; 25 mentioned the use of theory. Social Cognitive Theory was most prominent (n = 13), followed by Health Belief Model (n = 7), and Theory of Reasoned Action/Planned Behaviour (n = 6). These cognitive behavioural theories assume that cognitions drive @entity458 . Reporting on choice and use of theory was low. Only three articles provided information about why a particular theory was selected. Interventions used theory to inform content (n = 13), for evaluation purposes (n = 4) or both (n = 7). No patterns of differential effectiveness could be detected between studies using and not using theory, or according to whether a theory informed content, and/or evaluation. We discuss characteristics of the theories that might account for the limited effectiveness observed, including overreliance on cognitions that likely vary according to type of @entity458 and other personal factors, inadequately address interpersonal factors, and failure to account for contextual factors.

title: Nothing as Practical as a Good Theory? The Theoretical Basis of @entity645 Prevention Interventions for Young XXXX in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review.

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual behaviour']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['People']


abstract: BACKGROUND: To evaluate the use of low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in active @entity29 ( @entity29 ). METHODS: MRI was executed in a consecutive cohort of 28 @entity1 with @entity30 ( @entity30 ) and in 17 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ) prior to glucocorticoid treatment (1 mg @entity617 orally/kg body weight/day). MRI was repeated after 2-3 weeks (22 @entity30 , 12 @entity31 ), and again after treatment completion or prior to surgery (18 @entity30 , 6 @entity31 ). Five bowel segments were evaluated separately. MRIs were blindly evaluated by two observers, and findings compared with 39 leucocyte scintigraphies, 38 endoscopies, 15 double-contrast barium enemas, 66 small-bowel radiographic examinations and surgery in 23 @entity1 . RESULTS: In @entity30 , blinded evaluation revealed a kappa (kappa) of 0.84 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.78-0.91). In @entity31 , kappa was 0.66 (95% CI 0.55-0.78). Agreements regarding disease extension between MRI and other modalities in @entity30 were found in 345 bowel segments out of 391 (88.2%) at risk, and in @entity31 in 209/235 (88.9%). @entity1049 activity gradings by radiography and endoscopy correlated significantly with T2-signal intensity (SI(T2)) and increments in T1-signal intensity (%SI(T1)) in both diseases. Significant correlations between MRI indices of disease activity and CDAI in @entity30 (MRI-SI(T2): P <0.0001: MRI% SI(T1): P=0.0008) and the Powell-Tuck index in @entity31 (MRI% SI(T1): P=0.008) were found. CONCLUSIONS: With low interobserver variation and high concordance of findings with other examinations. low-field MRI seems a valuable modality in active @entity29 . In addition, MRI expressions of disease activity correlate to clinical, radiographic and endoscopic disease activity.

title: XXXX evaluated by low-field magnetic resonance imaging. Comparison with endoscopy, 99mTc-HMPAO leucocyte scintigraphy, conventional radiography and surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1049 :: ('MESH:D003108', 'Disease') :: ['Colonic disease']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity30 :: ('MESH:D003424', 'Disease') :: ['CD', 'Crohn disease']

entities_list: @entity617 :: ('MESH:D011239', 'Chemical') :: ['prednisolone']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['Inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: PURPOSE: Deformable image registration (DIR) is often validated based on a distance-to-agreement ( @entity11510 ) criterion of automatically propagated anatomical landmarks that were manually identified. Due to @entity1 observer variability, however, the performance of the registration method is diluted. The purpose of this study was to evaluate an analysis of variance (ANOVA) based validation to account for such observer variation. METHODS: Weekly cone beam CTs (CBCTs) of ten @entity135 @entity1 undergoing five weeks of radiotherapy were used. An expert identified 23 anatomical features (landmarks) on the planning CT. The landmarks were automatically propagated to the CBCT using multiregion-of-interest (mROI) registration. Additionally, two @entity1 observers independently localized these landmarks on the CBCTs. Subsequently, ANOVA was used to compute the variance of each observer on the pairwise distance (PWD). RESULTS: ANOVA based analysis demonstrated that a classical @entity11510 approach underestimated the precision for the mROI due to @entity1 observer variation by about 25%. The systematic error (accuracy) of mROI ranged from 0.13 to 0.17 mm; the variability (1 SD) (precision) ranged from 1.3 to 1.5 mm demonstrating that its performance is dominated by the precision. CONCLUSIONS: The PWD-ANOVA method accounts for @entity1 observer variation allowing a better estimation of the of DIR errors.

title: Validation of deformable registration in XXXX using analysis of variance.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancer']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancer']


abstract: PURPOSE: To determine the cause-specific mortality relative to that expected in a population-based incidence cohort of @entity1 with unprovoked @entity410 . METHODS: The cohort comprises 224 inhabitants of Iceland first diagnosed as suffering from unprovoked @entity410 during a 5-year period from 1960 to 1964. The expected number of @entity204 was calculated by multiplying @entity1 -years of observation within 5-year age categories for each year from diagnosis through 1995 by cause-specific and sex-specific national death rates for those aged 20 years and above. The standardized mortality ratio (SMR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated. RESULTS: All-cause mortality was increased among @entity1 ( @entity21233 .25, 95% CI 1.56-3.14) but not @entity1 (SMR 0.79, 95% CI 0.38-1.46). Among @entity1 , there were 8 @entity204 from accidents, @entity4968 and violence observed versus 2.82 expected ( @entity21233 .84, 95% CI 1.22-5.59) and 4 @entity204 from suicide versus 0.69 expected (SMR 5.80, 95% CI 1.56-14.84). All-cause mortality for @entity1 was still elevated after restriction of analysis to those with @entity410 of unknown etiology (SMR 1.73, 95% CI 1.05-2.67) with the excess @entity204 attributable to suicide (SMR 5.26, 95% CI 1.06-15.38). Both males and females with remote symptomatic unprovoked @entity410 had an increase in all-cause mortality due to excess mortality from all @entity5 , @entity66 and accidents. CONCLUSION: When compared with the age-, time-period- and gender-specific mortality in the general population, there is excess mortality in @entity1 but not @entity1 . The increased mortality for @entity1 is partly attributable to excess mortality from accidents and suicides.

title: Cause-specific mortality in adults with unprovoked XXXX . A population-based incidence cohort study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'person', 'people', 'men']

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizures']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular disease']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers']

entities_list: @entity4968 :: ('MESH:D011041', 'Disease') :: ['poisoning']

answer: @entity410 :: (MESH:D012640,Disease) :: ['seizures']


abstract: We have studied the localization of mutant @entity1577 transmembrane regulator delta F508CFTR in @entity788 cells (CFPAC), which naturally express the mutant protein. Our goal was to investigate whether delta F508CFTR is strictly retained in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) or alternatively whether it can be transported beyond the ER and reach the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment (ERGIC). This compartment, defined by the presence of the 53-kDa protein @entity55550 , was identified by subcellular fractionation and by immunofluorescence. Part of the delta F508CFTR population and @entity55550 showed similar distributions in membrane fractions analyzed on Nycodenz density gradients. Both proteins were present in density fractions distinct from the ones containing the ER marker proteins @entity3395 and @entity55551 . Immunofluorescence microscopy of CFPAC cells revealed some colocalization of delta F508CFTR with @entity55550 . Following incubation of CFPAC cells at 15 degrees C, a condition known to block ER to Golgi transport, both @entity55550 and delta F508CFTR subcellular localizations were altered. By contrast, this temperature shift had no effect on the localization of the ER marker @entity55551 . Our observations indicate that the abnormal protein delta F508CFTR can leak out of the ER and reach the ERGIC. These results support the idea that this intermediate compartment plays a role in the trafficking events leading to retention and finally degradation of the misfolded delta F508 @entity5174 protein.

title: Delta F508 XXXX localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment in @entity1577 cells.

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic adenocarcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1577 :: ('MESH:D003550', 'Disease') :: ['cystic fibrosis']

answer: @entity5174 :: (1080,Gene) :: ['CFTR']


abstract: @entity455 are common in @entity1 and are often seen in skin and soft tissues. They are rarely observed in internal organs. They may be found singly or in a multiple fashion. The liver is the most frequently affected organ by this disease. The most common histological variety is the @entity8146 . This is a rare @entity5 of the @entity788 . The case of a six month old @entity1 with a @entity9451 , associated with @entity882 and digestive track @entity548 is presented. The case is clinically interesting due to the @entity1462 and its location. These in turn caused @entity409 which contributed to the @entity1 's @entity204 . Paradoxically, the @entity5 is not considered malignant and the secondarily produced liver lesions could have been prevented if the @entity1 would have been diagnosed correctly and at an earlier stage. @entity8146 ; @entity16970 ; neonatal @entity1448 .

title: [ @entity8146 of the XXXX and choledochus, as a cause of cholestatic neonatal and Kasabach-Merrit syndromes].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patient', 'boy', 'child']

entities_list: @entity788 :: ('MESH:D010190', 'Disease') :: ['pancreas']

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['Vascular congenital abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['obstructive neonatal jaundice and very severe liver lesions']

entities_list: @entity16970 :: ('MESH:D059885', 'Disease') :: ['Kasabach-Merrit syndrome']

entities_list: @entity9451 :: ('MESH:D010195', 'Disease') :: ['pancreatic head hemangioendothelioma']

entities_list: @entity1448 :: ('MESH:D002779', 'Disease') :: ['cholestatic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity8146 :: ('MESH:D006390', 'Disease') :: ['Hemangioendothelioma', 'hemangioendothelioma']

entities_list: @entity1462 :: ('MESH:D054079', 'Disease') :: ['vascular malformation']

answer: @entity788 :: (MESH:D010190,Disease) :: ['pancreas']


abstract: The effect of chronic neuroleptic treatment on the relationship between the blockade of @entity935 (DA) receptors by the neuroleptic drug @entity11054 and the decline in @entity934 ( @entity1617 ) levels was determined in the @entity35 striatum in vivo. In @entity35 , a unilateral lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway was produced with @entity2955 . The @entity35 were treated for 6 weeks with @entity1767 (twice a day at 1 mg kg-1). Partial and complete receptor occupation was determined with radioactive @entity11054 (a D2 antagonist), given in various doses of different specific activity 2 h before death. @entity1617 , @entity1877 , and radioactivity contents were measured in the same striatum. Following long-term @entity1767 treatment, an increase in the maximal number of binding sites for @entity11054 was found. Virtually identical negative (linear) correlations between striatal @entity1617 content and the number of receptors occupied by @entity11054 were found in saline- or subchronic @entity1767 -treated @entity35 when DA innervation was intact. The slope of the line describing the decrease in @entity1617 content per occupied receptor, however, was much lower in @entity1767 -treated @entity35 than in saline-treated animals. After lesioning of the dopaminergic pathway, there was no longer a correlation between the receptor occupation and @entity1617 levels in the striatum. These results show that receptor occupation by a neuroleptic correlates highly with function only when dopaminergic innervation is intact. Also, it appears that there is no fixed number of striatal @entity1617 molecules per DA receptor, and, finally, that in vivo receptor detection methods distinguish differences in receptor density (as do in vitro techniques).

title: Relationship between @entity935 receptor occupation by @entity11054 and @entity934 levels in the @entity35 striatum after long-term @entity1767 treatment depends on XXXX innervation.

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity11054 :: ('MESH:D013134', 'Chemical') :: ['spiperone']

entities_list: @entity1767 :: ('MESH:D006220', 'Chemical') :: ['haloperidol']

entities_list: @entity2955 :: ('MESH:D016627', 'Chemical') :: ['6-hydroxydopamine']

entities_list: @entity934 :: ('MESH:D000109', 'Chemical') :: ['acetylcholine']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To examine the roles of exercise training in the improvement of damaged neural function and synaptic plasticity. METHODS: An @entity1188 model was induced by @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ). A total of 70 adult @entity35 were randomly divided into 3 groups: physical exercise group (n = 30) undergoing running wheel exercise daily after @entity2500 , control group (n = 30) and sham-operated group (n = 10). The latter two groups were fed in standard cages without any special training exercise. The @entity35 were scarified at Days 3, 7, 14, 21 and 35 for the evaluation of neural function by neurological severity scores (NSS). And the synaptic ultrastructures at peri- @entity1188 region were examined by specific marker @entity20099 ( @entity20099 ). RESULTS: Synaptic ultrastructures at peri- @entity1188 region were observed in both the control and exercise training groups. The presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes were relatively intact. And the presynaptic membranes had more synaptic vesicles from Day 7 post- @entity63 . The number of @entity20099 positive cells significantly increased in the exercise training group (21 d: 0.8    0.1; 35 d: 0.7    0.1) versus those in the control group (21 d: 0.4    0.1; 35 d: 0.5    0.1) at Days 21 and 35 post- @entity63 (P < 0.05). Moreover, the neurological severity scores in the exercise training group (7 d: 7.8    0.8; 14 d: 5.6    0.8; 21 d: 3.3    0.8; 35 d: 3.0    0.8) showed a quicker declination versus those in the control group (7 d: 8.8    0.7; 14 d: 7.7    0.9; 21 d: 6.9    0.8; 35 d: 4.2    0.8) from Day 7 post- @entity63 (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Exercise training plays an important role in the recovery of damaged neural function and synaptic plasticity after @entity385 in @entity35 .

title: [Effects of exercise training on synaptic plasticity in @entity35 with focal XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'left middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity1188 :: ('MESH:D007238', 'Disease') :: ['infarction']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity385 :: (MESH:D002544,Disease) :: ['cerebral infarction']


abstract: The @entity21651 gene is an attractive candidate gene for the pathogenesis of @entity29 ( @entity29 ) and perhaps response to therapy, with evidences at both functional and genetic levels. Its product, the @entity679 ( @entity679 ) functions as a transmembrane efflux pump thus influencing disposition and response of many drugs, some of whom (i.e. glucocorticoids) central to @entity29 therapy. In addition @entity679 is highly expressed in many epithelial surfaces, included gastrointestinal tract (G-I) with a putative role in decreasing the absorption of endogenous or exogenous toxins, and perhaps host-bacteria interaction. Many genetic variations of @entity21651 gene has been described and in some instances evidences for different @entity679 expression as well drugs metabolism have been provided. However data are often conflicting due to genetic heterogeneity and different methodologies employed. Perhaps the greatest piece of evidence of the physiological importance of @entity679 in the G-I tract has come from the description of the @entity21651 knock-out @entity19 model, which develops a spontaneous @entity1960 in a specific pathogen-free environment. Studies investigating @entity21651 gene polymorphism and predisposition to @entity29 have also shown conflicting results, owing to the known @entity66 , especially when the supposed genetic contribution is weak. In this study we have undertaken a meta-analysis of the available findings obtained with two SNPs polymorphism ( @entity7658 and @entity18596 ) in @entity29 ; a significant association of 3435T allele and 3435TT genotype has been found with UC (OR = 1.17, P = 0.003 and OR = 1.36, P = 0.017, respectively). In contrast no association with @entity1050 and the @entity18596 polymorphism could be demonstrated.

title: Multidrug resistance 1 gene in XXXX : a meta-analysis.

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['difficulties in complex diseases']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

answer: @entity29 :: (MESH:D015212,Disease) :: ['inflammatory bowel disease']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of @entity854 in @entity43 . METHODS: In this observational study, the specimens of 388 consecutive @entity1 undergoing a surgical procedure whose final diagnosis included @entity43 were histopathologically reviewed. The prevalence and @entity1 characteristics of cases featuring @entity4648 , @entity1373 , atypia, and @entity4348 arising in @entity46 were analyzed. RESULTS: The epithelial lining was evaluable in 339 cases. Left-sided cysts were significantly more common than right-sided ones (P < 0.0001). The observed prevalence was 12.1% for @entity4648 , 9.4% for @entity1373 , 5.9% for atypia, and 4.1% for @entity4348 arising in @entity46 . Complex @entity1373 , but not simple @entity1373 or @entity4648 , was significantly more common in cases with associated @entity4348 than in all other cases (P < 0.00001). A statistically significant trend for increasing age from normal epithelium to @entity189 was observed (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: @entity854 are a common finding in @entity43 . Despite their clinical significance being still debated, complex @entity1373 and atypia can be associated with @entity5 . Their observation in a surgical specimen, particularly in older @entity1 , should indicate a careful examination of the entire lining of the cyst and a strict follow-up of the @entity1 .

title: XXXX in @entity43 .

entities_list: @entity43 :: ('MESH:D010051', 'Disease') :: ['cystic ovarian endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignant transformation of endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity1373 :: ('MESH:D006965', 'Disease') :: ['hyperplasia']

entities_list: @entity189 :: ('MESH:D002277', 'Disease') :: ['carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity854 :: ('MESH:D018376', 'Disease') :: ['Epithelial abnormalities', 'epithelial abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['epithelial metaplasia', 'metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

entities_list: @entity4348 :: ('MESH:D018269', 'Disease') :: ['endometrioid carcinoma']

answer: @entity854 :: (MESH:D018376,Disease) :: ['Epithelial abnormalities']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The prognostic value of @entity551 (BPs) in @entity1 with resistant @entity101 is uncertain. METHODS: This prospective study investigates the importance of office and ambulatory BPs as predictors of @entity65 and mortality. At baseline, 556 resistant @entity101 @entity1 underwent clinical-laboratory and 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring examinations. Primary end points were a composite of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events and all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities. Multiple Cox regression was used to assess associations between BP and subsequent end points. RESULTS: After median follow-up of 4.8 years, 109 @entity1 (19.6%) reached the primary end point, and 70 all-cause @entity204 (12.6%) occurred (46 had cardiovascular causes). After adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, @entity6 , smoking, physical inactivity, @entity2299 , previous @entity65 , serum @entity1011 level, and number of antihypertensive drugs in use, no office BP showed any prognostic value. After further adjustment for office BP, higher mean ambulatory BPs were independent predictors of the composite end point. The hazard ratios associated with a 1-SD increment in daytime and nighttime systolic BP were 1.26 (95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.53) and 1.38 (1.13-1.68), respectively; the corresponding values for diastolic BP were 1.31 (1.05-1.63) and 1.36 (1.10-1.69). Ambulatory systolic and diastolic BP were equivalent predictors, and both were better than pulse pressure; nighttime BP was superior to daytime BP. For all-cause mortality, only the ambulatory BP monitoring diagnosis of true resistant @entity101 was an independent predictor. CONCLUSION: Higher ambulatory BP predicts @entity65 and mortality in resistant @entity101 @entity1 , whereas office BP has no prognostic value.

title: Prognostic influence of @entity551 in resistant XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensive']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2299 :: ('MESH:D050171', 'Disease') :: ['dyslipidemia']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular diseases', 'cardiovascular morbidity']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['office and ambulatory blood pressures']

answer: @entity101 :: (MESH:D006973,Disease) :: ['hypertension']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Endoscopic submucosal dissection is a novel technique that is expected to be a curative treatment for early @entity356 . Anti-coagulants and anti-platelet agents are widely used, especially in elderly @entity1 , to prevent @entity1031 . However, the feasibility of @entity5848 for such @entity1 has not been investigated. AIMS: To determine the feasibility of @entity5848 for patients using anti-coagulant and anti-platelet agents via retrospective investigation of clinical outcomes. METHODS: Of 408 @entity1 with 444 early @entity356 consecutively treated by @entity5848 from January 2000 to December 2007 in our hospital, 47 @entity1 with 56 early @entity356 were receiving anti-coagulants or anti-platelet agents. All @entity1 were classified into groups for high and low risk of @entity1031 . In 44 low-risk @entity1 , these agents were stopped for 1 week before and after treatment. Only three high-risk @entity1 underwent intravenous heparin replacement during the cessation period. RESULTS: Comparison with other @entity1 showed no significant differences in complete en-bloc resection (96.4%) or perforation (1.8%). @entity86 requiring endoscopic treatment occurred for six early @entity356 (10.7%) in the anti-coagulant and anti-platelet group; this frequency was slightly higher than that observed for other @entity1 (5.2%). The healing of @entity5848 ulcers was not delayed by anti-coagulant and anti-platelet treatment (91% in the scarring stage) when checked at the 8th week after @entity5848 . CONCLUSION: The clinical outcomes of @entity5848 for early @entity356 in patients receiving anti-coagulants or anti-platelet agents indicated that @entity5848 for low-risk @entity1 could be a reliable technique with equivalent efficacy and risk in comparison with that for other early @entity356 @entity1 .

title: Technical feasibility of @entity5848 for early XXXX in patients taking anti-coagulants or anti-platelet agents.

entities_list: @entity5848 :: ('MESH:D000784', 'Disease') :: ['endoscopic submucosal dissection']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism', 'thromboembolic disease']

entities_list: @entity86 :: ('MESH:D019106', 'Disease') :: ['Postoperative bleeding']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric cancers']

answer: @entity356 :: (MESH:D013274,Disease) :: ['gastric cancer']


abstract: In addition to the @entity717 , a @entity1566 affects self esteem and partner relationships. This study addressed partner experiences in relation to sexual interest, behaviour and satisfaction. A measure of satisfaction within relationships was also included. Forty-nine partners of @entity1566 @entity1 completed a comprehensive survey including an 80 item questionnaire and a VAS quality-of-life measure. Partner ages ranged from 18 to 79 years (median 34 years). Thirty-nine partners were @entity1 and 10 partners were @entity1 . Significance testing of relationships included bivariate, partial and multiple correlation procedures. Sixty-one per cent of the partners appreciated the quality of their sexual relationship and most partners (84%) considered their relationship overall to be satisfying. Half of the couples engaged in sex, with or without intercourse, once a week or more. Fifty-five per cent of the partners reported being content with the frequency of their sexual interaction while one third would have wished more frequent activity. Almost half of the partners (45%) considered their current sex life to be as good as or even better than their previous sex life. High general satisfaction with life, a varied repertoire of rewarding sexual expressions, including intercourse and concern about the able bodied partner's sexual pleasure were positive predictors of an active and fulfilling sexual relationship. From the partner's perspective, feelings of emotional closeness, mutual concerns and willingness to engage in a variety of sexual activities seem to be more important for sexual fulfilment than the physiological aspects of sexuality.

title: Sexual adjustment after @entity1566 ( XXXX ) focusing on partner experiences.

entities_list: @entity1566 :: ('MESH:D013119', 'Disease') :: ['spinal cord injury', 'SCI']

entities_list: @entity717 :: ('MESH:D009069', 'Disease') :: ['physical disability']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'persons', 'men']

answer: @entity1566 :: (MESH:D013119,Disease) :: ['SCI']


abstract: Prognostic factors and results of therapy were analyzed in a retrospective examination of 121 @entity1 with @entity977 treated with surgery and postoperative irradiation ( @entity138 ) from January 1954 through December 1982 at the Radiation Oncology Center, Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology. The 10-year overall and disease-free survival for all @entity1 was 85.1 and 89.4%. The expected survival for an age-, gender-, and race-matched population was not significantly distinct at 85.3% (p = 0.72). Follow-up of 94 surviving @entity1 ranged from 3.4 to 29.5 years (mean, 11.7). Statistical analysis was performed for multiple prognostic factors including age, race, gender, disease bulk, @entity227 , disease type, surgical approach, and irradiation dose and volume. The only prognostic variable identified by univariate analysis to significantly alter disease-free survival was irradiation dose. @entity1 receiving 5000-5400 cGy had a @entity5 control rate of 94.1% (64/68) compared to 85.0% (17/20) for 4000-4999 cGy, 75.0% (18/24) for 3000-3999 cGy, and 28.6% (2/7) for less than 3000 cGy (p = 0.000059). Factors evaluated but established to be insignificant were age, race, gender, disease bulk, @entity227 , disease type, surgical approach, and irradiated volume. The 10-year disease-free survival by classification was 93.3% for @entity1 with @entity2588 / @entity6726 , 89.9% for non-functioning @entity652 , and 76.4% for @entity2012 (p = 0.21). Overall improvement in @entity227 subsequent to treatment occurred in 48.4% (44/91) of those with @entity227 before @entity138 and was significantly correlated with @entity138 dose. The median time to progression of disease was 10.2 years with the last failure occurring at 25 years following the fulfillment of @entity138 . Severe complications related to @entity138 were apparent in 1.7% (2/121). None were known to have endured @entity75 . Serious surgical complications occurred in 9.9% (12/121).

title: Prognostic factors and results of surgery and postoperative irradiation in the management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual field symptoms', 'visual field defects']

entities_list: @entity6726 :: ('MESH:D005687', 'Disease') :: ['galactorrhea']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain radionecrosis']

entities_list: @entity2012 :: ('MESH:D000172', 'Disease') :: ['acromegaly']

entities_list: @entity977 :: ('MESH:D010911', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary adenomas']

entities_list: @entity652 :: ('MESH:D000236', 'Disease') :: ['adenomas']

entities_list: @entity2588 :: ('MESH:D000568', 'Disease') :: ['amenorrhea']

answer: @entity977 :: (MESH:D010911,Disease) :: ['pituitary adenomas']


abstract: A sizeable proportion of migraineurs in need of preventive therapy do not significantly benefit from monotherapy. The objective of the study is to conduct a randomized controlled trial testing whether combination therapy of @entity1771 and @entity5080 is useful in @entity1 who had less than 50% decrease in @entity10 frequency with the use of the single agents. @entity1 with episodic @entity2704 were enrolled if they had less than 50% reduction in @entity10 frequency after 8  weeks of using @entity1771 (TPM) (100  mg/day) or @entity5080 ( @entity9953 ) (30  mg/day). They were randomized (blinded fashion) to have placebo added to their regimen, or to receive the second medication (combination therapy). Primary endpoint was decrease in number of @entity10 days at 6  weeks, relative to baseline, comparing both groups. Secondary endpoint was proportion of @entity1 with at least 50% reduction in @entity10 frequency at 6  weeks relative to baseline. A total of 38 @entity1 were randomized to receive combination therapy, while 30 continued on monotherapy (with placebo) (six drop outs in the combination group and three for each single drug group). For the primary endpoint, mean and standard deviation (SD) of reduction in @entity10 frequency were 4.6 (1.9) for those in polytherapy, relative to 3.5 (2.3) for those in monotherapy. Differences were significant (p  <  0.05]. Similarly, 78.3% of @entity1 randomized to receive polytherapy had at least 50% @entity10 reduction, as compared to 37% in monotherapy (p  <  0.04). Finally we conclude that combination therapy (of TPM and @entity9953 ) is effective in @entity1 with incomplete benefit using these agents in monotherapy.

title: @entity1771 plus XXXX in the preventive treatment of @entity2704 : a controlled study for nonresponders.

entities_list: @entity5080 :: ('MESH:D009661', 'Chemical') :: ['nortriptyline']

entities_list: @entity1771 :: ('MESH:C052342', 'Chemical') :: ['topiramate']

entities_list: @entity10 :: ('MESH:D006261', 'Disease') :: ['headache']

answer: @entity5080 :: (MESH:D009661,Chemical) :: ['nortriptyline']


abstract: RATIONALE: The @entity750 ( @entity750 ) system is considered important for decision-making. However, its role in reward- and punishment-based processing has not yet been clearly determined. OBJECTIVES: The present study examines the effect of @entity16068 genotype and @entity6635 depletion on reward- and punishment-related processing, using a task that considers decision-making in situations of subtlety of choice. Thus, it considers that response choice often occurs in situations where both options are desirable (e.g., choosing between mousse au chocolat or cr  me caramel cheesecake from a menu) or undesirable. It also considers that response choice is easier when the reinforcements associated with the options are far apart, rather than close, in value. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Healthy volunteers underwent acute @entity6635 depletion (ATD) or control procedures and genotyping of the @entity16068 for long and short allele variants. We then examined the effects and interactions of ATD and the @entity750 promoter polymorphism genotype on two aspects of decision-making: (a) decision form, choosing between two objects to gain the greater reward or lesser punishment and (b) between-object reinforcement distance, the difference in reinforcements associated with two options. RESULTS: ATD and LL homozygosity had comparable interactions with decision form and between-object reinforcement distance. Specifically, both modulated the effect of between-object reinforcement distance when deciding between objects both associated with punishment. Moreover, ATD and genotype interacted with ATD disproportionately affecting the performance of the LL homozygous group. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that @entity750 is particularly associated with punishment, rather than reward-related processing, and that individual sensitivity to punishment-related information and @entity6635 depletion varies with genotype.

title: The role of @entity16068 in choosing the lesser of two evils, the better of two goods: examining the impact of XXXX genotype and @entity6635 depletion in object choice.

answer: @entity16068 :: (6532,Gene) :: ['5-HTTLPR']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity30338 ( @entity30338 ) or @entity1252 profundus is a rare form of chronic cutaneous manifestation affecting both adults and pediatric @entity1 . The prevalence of this manifestation was seldom reported in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). CASE REPORTS: From January 1983 to December 2010, 5,506 @entity1 were followed at the Pediatric Rheumatology Unit of our University Hospital and 278 (5%) of them met the American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for @entity1252 . Two (0.7%) of them had @entity30338 at @entity1252 onset. These two cases had tender deep inflammatory subcutaneous nodules or plaques at the time of diagnosis, and the histopathologic pattern evidenced lobular or mixed @entity3139 with lymphocytic inflammatory cells of the fat lobule. Treatments for @entity30338 included mainly antimalarials, systemic @entity288 and sunscreen protection. One male @entity1 required @entity2816 and immunosuppressive drugs, including @entity618 , @entity205 and intravenous @entity786 . However, @entity272 improved only after rituximab treatment. DISCUSSION: @entity30338 was rarely observed in our cohort of @entity1252 @entity1 as the first lupus manifestation. Anti- @entity2225 monoclonal antibody therapy may be an option for refractory @entity30338 treatment in @entity1 .

title: XXXX in @entity1 and adolescents.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity30338 :: ('MESH:D015435', 'Disease') :: ['LEP', 'Lupus erythematosus panniculitis']

entities_list: @entity2816 :: ('MESH:D013792', 'Chemical') :: ['thalidomide']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus', 'JSLE', 'lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity786 :: ('MESH:D003520', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclophosphamide']

entities_list: @entity205 :: ('MESH:D016572', 'Chemical') :: ['cyclosporin']

entities_list: @entity618 :: ('MESH:C063008', 'Chemical') :: ['mycophenolate mofetil']

entities_list: @entity272 :: ('MESH:D012871', 'Disease') :: ['skin lesions']

entities_list: @entity3139 :: ('MESH:D015434', 'Disease') :: ['panniculitis']

entities_list: @entity288 :: ('MESH:D000305', 'Chemical') :: ['corticosteroids']

answer: @entity30338 :: (MESH:D015435,Disease) :: ['Lupus erythematosus panniculitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: @entity1 with @entity583 show varying degrees of collateral development. However, the relationships between angiogenic factors and degree of collaterals are not well known. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Fifty-nine @entity1 (mean age, 59  10 years) with @entity583 ( @entity583 ) underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). @entity1 were divided into one of 2 groups: group I (Rentrop collateral grade 0/1, n=34) or group II (grade 2/3, n=25). Plasma levels of @entity7 ( @entity7 ), soluble @entity7 receptor (sFlt-1), @entity877 , and soluble @entity878 at baseline, 24 and 48 hours after PCI were measured. RESULTS: There were fewer @entity6 @entity1 and higher incidence of previous @entity951 in group II. Group II had a lower left ventricular ejection fraction and a trend toward longer pain-to-balloon time. Plasma levels of @entity877 , sFlt-1 were elevated prior to primary PCI and decreased after PCI, whereas plasma level of @entity7 was relatively low initially, however rose after PCI. sTie-2 levels showed no significant interval change in group I, but decreased over time in group II. @entity7 , sFlt-1, and @entity878 levels did not differ between the groups at each time point. However, plasma levels of @entity877 were higher in group I than in group II at baseline and at 48 hours. CONCLUSION: Presence of collaterals in @entity583 @entity1 undergoing primary PCI was associated with lesser rise in @entity877 plasma level. @entity7 showed a delayed response to acute @entity63 compared to @entity877 . Clinical implications of our findings need to be investigated in further studies.

title: Serial plasma levels of angiogenic factors in XXXX with @entity583 undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity951 :: ('MESH:D000787', 'Disease') :: ['angina and multi-vessel disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['STEMI', 'acute myocardial infarction', 'ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To determine the in vitro structural and material properties of braided, multifilament, nonabsorbable polyester tapes, used for intra-articular stabilization of cranial cruciate ligament- (CCL-) @entity2720 in @entity235 , and compare those with properties of multifilament @entity8607 tapes. SAMPLE POPULATION: 30 polyester tapes (width, 4 mm), 10 polyester tapes (width, 7 mm), and 30 @entity8607 tapes (width, 4 mm) were tested to failure. Cyclic loading experiments were also performed, using 3 polyester tapes of each width. PROCEDURE: Tapes were mounted in a tensile tester as single loops, simulating intra-operative conditions, and elongated to failure at 1,000 mm/min. Additionally, the behavior of polyester tapes was tested at different elongation rates. In a second series of experiments, biomechanical variables of the polyester tapes were measured after 25 sets of 2,000 cycles between physiologic force limits. RESULTS: Mean (+/- SD) ultimate loads of the 4-mm wide @entity8607 tapes, 4-mm wide polyester tapes, and 7-mm wide polyester tapes were 266.48 +/- 13.19 301.78 +/- 16.92, and 726.40 +/- 37.74 N, respectively. Corresponding stiffnesses were 15.57 +/- 0.49, 21.63 +/- 2.19, and 34.85 +/- 2.66 N/mm, respectively. Failure properties of polyester tapes were affected by previous cyclic loading. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Polyester tapes of 4- or 7-mm widths should be able to resist forces resulting from weight bearing in @entity235 , suggesting that these tapes will be effective for stabilization of the stifle joint in @entity235 with a @entity397 .

title: Biomechanical properties of braided polyester tapes intended for use as intra-articular cranial cruciate ligament prostheses in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2720 :: ('MESH:D007592', 'Disease') :: ['deficient stifle joints']

entities_list: @entity397 :: ('MESH:D012421', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured CCL']

entities_list: @entity8607 :: ('CHEBI:61445', 'Chemical') :: ['polyamide']

answer: @entity235 :: (9615,Species) :: ['dogs']


abstract: PURPOSE: To conduct a phase I/II evaluation of the combination of @entity1260 , @entity3003 , and @entity2879 (ICE) to determine @entity137 and activity in a variety of @entity5 . @entity1 AND METHODS: Two hundred four @entity1 , 13 to 64 years of age, with a variety of @entity5 , including refractory @entity0 and @entity1893 , were treated with two cycles of ICE, consisting of intravenous @entity1260 2 g/m2, @entity3003 400 mg/m2, and continuous infusion @entity2879 600 mg/m2 administered in divided doses over 2 days. The regimen was repeated at approximately 28-day intervals. RESULTS: One hundred ninety-one @entity1 (94%) received two cycles at full doses and were assessable for response and @entity137 . Complete and partial responses were seen in @entity0 (20%, n = 93), @entity1893 (30%, n = 37), @entity978 (60%, n = 10), @entity320 (9%, n = 11), a variety of @entity242 (20%, n = 10), and other @entity5 (43%, n = 30). Myelosuppression was prominent, with significant @entity1398 requiring frequent hospitalization for @entity221 , and @entity882 and @entity417 requiring frequent platelet and RBC transfusions. However, the overall treatment-related mortality rate was only 3%. No other moderate to severe organ @entity137 was seen at a frequency of greater than 1%. CONCLUSION: This regimen is active in a variety of @entity5 , with significant but tolerable @entity1503 . The addition of hematopoietic growth factors may allow further dose escalation.

title: @entity1260 , @entity3003 , and XXXX : a new regimen with a broad spectrum of activity.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity242 :: ('MESH:D012509', 'Disease') :: ['sarcomas']

entities_list: @entity882 :: ('MESH:D013921', 'Disease') :: ['thrombocytopenia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['refractory malignancies', 'malignancies']

entities_list: @entity3003 :: ('MESH:D016190', 'Chemical') :: ['carboplatin']

entities_list: @entity2879 :: ('MESH:D005047', 'Chemical') :: ['etoposide']

entities_list: @entity1503 :: ('MESH:D006402', 'Disease') :: ['hematologic toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1398 :: ('MESH:D009503', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenia']

entities_list: @entity1260 :: ('MESH:D007069', 'Chemical') :: ['ifosfamide']

entities_list: @entity1893 :: ('MESH:D008228', 'Disease') :: ["non-Hodgkin's lymphoma", "Hodgkin's and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma"]

entities_list: @entity978 :: ('MESH:D006689', 'Disease') :: ["Hodgkin's disease"]

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['neutropenic fever']

entities_list: @entity320 :: ('MESH:D008545', 'Disease') :: ['melanoma']

answer: @entity2879 :: (MESH:D005047,Chemical) :: ['etoposide']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Adjuvant immunotherapy with interferon alpha in non-metastatic @entity1358 is still controversial. It was the aim of the present study to investigate whether @entity5 ploidy can help to isolate a group of @entity1 profitting from this treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Survival data of 119 @entity1 undergoing @entity5 nephrectomy because of a non-metastatic @entity1358 were analyzed retrospectively. Ploidy was measured in every @entity5 by means of DNA-cytophotometry. 24 @entity1 received an adjuvant therapy with interferon alpha for one year. Statistical evaluation was performed by the Kaplan-Meier-Method with the logrank-test. RESULTS: Ploidy could be measured in all @entity5 . 56 (47%) @entity5 showed a diploid, 63 (53%) an aneuploid DNA-distribution. Ploidy was seen to be a good prognostic factor in @entity1358 with significantly better survival in @entity1 with diploid than those with @entity5 . The adjuvant interferon therapy provided a marginal however not significant better survival in @entity5 . @entity1 with @entity1358 had no benefit from this treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The data show that an interferon treatment in non-metastatic @entity1358 might improve survival in @entity1 with the prognostic better @entity5 . However further investigations are necessary to give a general recommendation for this therapy in this group of @entity1 . Additional molecular @entity5 factors like S-phase analysis and others might also improve @entity1 selection.

title: Adjuvant interferon alpha therapy in @entity1358 ( XXXX ): prognostic value of DNA cytophotometry.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'diploid tumors', 'aneuploid tumors', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1358 :: ('MESH:D002292', 'Disease') :: ['aneuploid RCC', 'RCC']

answer: @entity1358 :: (MESH:D002292,Disease) :: ['RCC']


abstract: Complex @entity2008 (CCAs) can be detected in a substantial proportion of @entity3052 and @entity4289 @entity1 , de novo as well as secondary or therapy-related, and are associated with an adverse prognosis. Comprehensive analysis of the chromosomal rearrangements in these complex karyotypes has been hampered by the limitations of conventional cytogenetics. As a result, our knowledge concerning the cytogenetics of these @entity5 is sparse. Here we describe a multiplex-FISH ( @entity24328 ) study of CCAs in 36 @entity1 with @entity3052 and @entity4289 . @entity24328 generated a genome-wide analysis of @entity2008 in CCAs, establishing several cytogenetic subgroups. -5/5q- was demonstrated in the majority of @entity1 (86%). Other rearrangements (present with or without -5/5q-) included: deletion of 7q (47%), 3q rearrangements (19%), and @entity11626 copy gain or amplification (17%). These genetic subgroups seem to display biological heterogeneity: @entity11626 copy gain or amplification in association with 5q- was detected only in @entity3052 @entity1 and was significantly associated with extremely short survival (median overall survival: 30 days, P = 0.0102). A partially cryptic t(4;5)(q31;q31), a balanced t(1;8)(p31;q22), and an unbalanced der(7)t(7;14)(q21;q13) were detected as possible new recurrent rearrangements in association with CCAs. Novel reciprocal translocations included t(5;11)(q33;p15)del(5)(q13q31) and t(3;6)(q26;q25). We conclude that @entity3052 and @entity4289 with CCAs can be subdivided into molecular cytogenetic subclasses, which could reflect different clinical behavior and prognosis, and that three recurrent @entity2008 are associated with karyotype complexity.

title: Identification of cytogenetic subclasses and recurring @entity2008 in @entity3052 and XXXX with complex karyotypes using @entity24328 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['malignancies']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal aberrations']

answer: @entity4289 :: (MESH:D054221,Disease) :: ['MDS']


abstract: The @entity171 are able to relieve @entity158 from metastatic @entity79 and, when given intravenously, may promote bone healing of lytic metastases. In this study, the aim was to assess the acute effects of a single 'high-dose' intravenous treatment with @entity5279 on @entity158 , mobility, analgesic consumption and quality of life (QOL). Thirty-four normocalcaemic @entity1 with @entity158 progressing bone metastases (22 from breast, five prostate and seven others) received a single intravenous infusion of 120 mg of @entity5279 as palliative therapy. No other systemic therapy or drugs known to influence bone metabolism were administered during the study. @entity1 ' subjective response to treatment was assessed weekly with a @entity158 questionnaire recording a composite of @entity158 intensity, mobility, performance status and analgesic consumption. In addition, @entity1 completed the Rotterdam Symptom Check List (RSCL) for measurement of QOL and a mobility questionnaire. The mean reduction in the @entity158 questionnaire score (recorded on at least two occasions) was 25% [standard error (s.e.) 3%, range 0-75%]. Twenty @entity1 (59%) showed a > or = 20% improvement and were classified as responders. The median duration of symptomatic response was 12 (range 4-24 +) weeks. The responding @entity1 showed a reduction in RSCL score (improvement in QOL) from 35% before treatment to 27% at 6 weeks, but no significant improvement was noted in non-responders. Twenty-one @entity1 were retreated with @entity5279 when their symptoms deteriorated again. Eight out of 15 responders showed a second reduction in @entity158 score of > or = 20%, but this was not seen in any of the six non-responders. Five @entity1 have remained well with no additional treatment for their disease other than repeat infusions of @entity5279 every 3-6 months. Treatment was well tolerated. Eight (24%) experienced @entity221 after the first treatment only, and four had asymptomatic, biochemical evidence of hypocalcaemia. The acute inhibition of osteoclastic bone resorption induced by a single high-dose treatment with @entity5279 can provide useful palliation for @entity1 with bone metastases. Responding @entity1 may be retreated as symptoms dictate to good effect. We are currently running a phase III double-blind trial with high-dose @entity5279 for progressive @entity158 metastatic @entity79 to exclude any placebo effect and observer bias.

title: High-dose intravenous XXXX for metastatic @entity158 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity5279 :: ('MESH:C019248', 'Chemical') :: ['pamidronate']

entities_list: @entity171 :: ('MESH:D004164', 'Chemical') :: ['bisphosphonates']

entities_list: @entity79 :: ('MESH:D001847', 'Disease') :: ['bone disease']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'painful']

answer: @entity5279 :: (MESH:C019248,Chemical) :: ['pamidronate']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: In acute @entity548 , permissive @entity551 with delayed volume resuscitation is an established lifesaving concept as abridge to surgical control. This study investigated whether preoperatively administered volume also correlated inversely with survival after @entity1755 ( @entity1755 ). METHODS: This retrospective study analyzed prospectively collected and validated data of a consecutive cohort of @entity1 with rAAAs (January 2001 to December 2010). Generally, fluid resuscitation was guided clinically by the @entity1 's blood pressure and consciousness. All intravenous fluids (crystalloids, colloids, and blood products) administered before aortic clamping or endovascular sealing were abstracted from paramedic and anesthesia documentation and normalized to speed of administration (liters per hour). Logistic regression modeling, adjusted for suspected confounding covariates, was used to investigate whether total volume was independently associated with risk of @entity204 within 30 days of @entity1755 repair. RESULTS: A total of 248 @entity1 with rAAAs were analyzed, of whom 237 (96%) underwent open repair. A median of 0.91 L of total volume per hour (interquartile range, 0.54-1.50 L/h) had been administered preoperatively to these @entity1 . The postoperative 30-day mortality rate was 15.3% (38 deaths). The preoperative rate of fluid infusion correlated with 30-day mortality after adjustment for confounding factors, and the association persisted robustly through sensitivity analyses: each additional liter per hour increased the odds of perioperative @entity204 by 1.57-fold (95% confidence interval, 1.06-2.33; P = .026). CONCLUSIONS: Aggressive volume resuscitation of @entity1 with rAAAs before proximal aortic control predicted an increased perioperative risk of @entity204 , which was independent of systolic blood pressure. Therefore, volume resuscitation should be delayed until surgical control of @entity548 is achieved.

title: Delayed volume resuscitation during initial management of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1755 :: ('MESH:D001019', 'Disease') :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm', 'rAAA']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['traumatic bleeding', 'bleeding']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['arterial hypotension']

answer: @entity1755 :: (MESH:D001019,Disease) :: ['ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm']


abstract: The crystal structure of @entity1 CG reveals that each subunit is a member of the superfamily of @entity1434 -knot growth factors. Although the distribution of the @entity462 residues in all the beta-subunits is conserved, the conformation of the @entity1 FSH dimer differs from that of the CG/LH dimers. This suggests that the function of the @entity1434 bonded loops in the @entity1 @entity6752 -subunit may differ from that in the CGbeta-subunit. To address this issue, we deleted two @entity1520 bonds in the @entity6752 domain: cys 20-104 and cys 28-82, which correspond to the @entity1520 bonds 26-110 and 34-88, respectively, in the CGbeta-subunit. The cys 26-110 bond is associated with the "seat-belt" region and cys 34-88 is a bond in the @entity1434 knot. Coexpression of the wild-type alpha-subunit with the @entity6752 cysteine mutants in CHO cells revealed no detectable heterodimer. The @entity6752 mutants were then incorporated into a single chain where the beta-subunit is genetically fused to the alpha-subunit. In such a model, the rate-limiting subunit assembly step is by-passed and mutations that otherwise block heterodimer formation can be evaluated in terms of biological activity. Compared with the nonmutated single chain, the single-chain 28-82 mutant is secreted more slowly and its recovery is substantially reduced, whereas secretion and recovery of the 20-104 mutant was not significantly affected. The receptor binding affinity of the cys 28-82 mutant did not differ from wild-type and binding of the cys 20-104 mutant was decreased only 2-fold. The signal transduction data parallel the binding affinities, although the maximal accumulation of @entity268 is less for the cys 20-104 mutant than that seen for cys 28-82 and nonmutated single-chains variants. These data support the hypothesis that the determinants for intracellular behavior and bioactivity of the gonadotropins are not the same, and that the @entity1434 knot is a critical determinant for the formation of a stable, assembly-competent subunit. In addition, the data imply that the "seat-belt" conformation does not play a prominent role in the bioactivity of FSH.

title: XXXX bond mutations in follicle-stimulating hormone result in uncoupling of biological activity from intracellular behavior.

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity1520 :: ('CHEBI:48343', 'Chemical') :: ['disulfide']

answer: @entity1520 :: (CHEBI:48343,Chemical) :: ['Disulfide']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between @entity2008 and @entity2208 , and to provide useful information for genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis in reproductive clinic. METHODS: A total of 1 780 @entity1 who had a history of @entity2208 before 24 weeks of gestation were enrolled. The lymphocyte culture and harvest were performed according to standard methods. Karyotypes were analyzed by G-banding in all cases and C- banding in some cases in addition. RESULTS: Altogether 57 abnormal karyotypes were found and the overall incidence of @entity2008 was 3.20% ( @entity1 3.32%; @entity1 2.12%). Among them 23 cases were the balanced translocation; 14 cases were the Robertsonian translocation, 3 cases were the complex chromosomal rearrangement, and the other 17 cases were the other abnormalities. In @entity1 with 1, 2, 3 or more @entity2208 , the incidence of @entity2008 was 1.7%, 2.3%, and 5.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Translocations are the major abnormal karyotpes associated with @entity2208 . The chance of finding chromosomal aberration increases with the number of abortions. @entity2008 are more common in @entity1 with 3 or more @entity2208 .

title: [Cytogenetic study of 1780 cases of XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['men', 'women', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2008 :: ('MESH:D002869', 'Disease') :: ['chromosomal abnormalities', 'Chromosomal abnormalities', 'chromosome anomaly']

entities_list: @entity2208 :: ('MESH:D000022', 'Disease') :: ['spontaneous abortions', 'spontaneous abortion']

answer: @entity2208 :: (MESH:D000022,Disease) :: ['spontaneous abortion']


abstract: INTRODUCTION: @entity323 resulting from cavernous nerve (CN) injury is a major complication caused by radical prostatectomy. The use of platelet-rich plasma ( @entity16447 ) on the nerve-injured site has shown promising results for the nerve regeneration. However, the effects of @entity16447 injection in corpus cavernosum after bilateral @entity128 have never been investigated. AIM: To assess the neuroprotective effect of @entity16447 injection in corpus cavernosum after bilateral @entity128 . METHODS: Male @entity35 were randomly divided into three groups: Group I underwent sham operation, while the remaining two groups underwent bilateral CN crush. @entity130 groups were treated at the time of injury with an application of @entity16447 or normal saline only injection in the corpus cavernosum, respectively. Four weeks later, erectile function (EF) was assessed by CN electrosimulation, and CNs as well as penile tissue were collected for histology. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Intracavernous pressure (ICP) monitored during electrical stimulation of CNs; myelinated axons number of CNs and dorsal penile nerve; collagen type change, number of apoptotic cells, and mRNA expression of @entity4124 and @entity1810 ( @entity1810 ) in the corpus cavernosum. RESULTS: Four weeks after surgery, in the vehicle-only group, the functional evaluation showed a lower mean maximal ICP than that in the sham group (P < 0.05). @entity16447 treatments resulted in significant recovery of EF, as compared with the vehicle-only group (P < 0.05). Histologically, the @entity16447 -treated group had a significant preservation of myelinated axons of CNs compared with the vehicle-only group (P < 0.05) and reduced the apoptotic index. The mRNA expression of @entity1810 in the corpus cavernosum tissue was significantly decreased in the @entity16447 group compared with the vehicle-only group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: @entity16447 injection in the corpus cavernosum increased the number of myelinated axons and facilitated recovery of EF in the bilateral @entity128 @entity35 model.

title: The neuroprotective effect of platelet-rich plasma on erectile function in bilateral @entity128 XXXX model.

entities_list: @entity323 :: ('MESH:D007172', 'Disease') :: ['Neurogenic erectile dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity128 :: ('MESH:D020209', 'Disease') :: ['CN injury']

entities_list: @entity1810 :: ('59086(Tax:10116)', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor-b1', 'TGF-b1']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['rat', 'Sprague-Dawley rats']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['Crush injury']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: The intraluminal suture model of transient @entity2500 ( @entity2500 ) in the Sprague Dawley strain of @entity35 characteristically results in an inconsistently sized @entity75 . The purpose of the investigation reported here was to determine whether there were strong point-to-point correlations between the degree of @entity75 size, as assessed in vivo using T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and corresponding @entity75 size using routine histopathological techniques. Moreover, we aimed to investigate if @entity75 size as determined by these two modalities correlates with neurological and/or skilled motor deficits observed in individual animals. Baseline behavioral scores were obtained on the animals prior to receiving 60 min of transient @entity2500 . Following @entity2500 , animals were tested for 1-21 days for @entity51 . T2-weighted MRIs of the cortex were taken at two and seven days post- @entity2500 . At 30 and 60 days the @entity35 were retested for forelimb dexterity in the staircase test. Subsequently, the cortex was examined for histopathological damage. Indeed, there were highly significant correlations between lesion size determined by MRI and histopathology. The degree of cortical damage observed in the T2-weighted MRI, as well as the size of the histopathological lesions were, in turn, highly correlated with the degrees of @entity16 and with the deficits involving skilled use of the contralateral forepaw (damaged side).

title: T2-weighted MRI correlates with long-term histopathology, neurology scores, and skilled motor behavior in a XXXX stroke model.

entities_list: @entity2500 :: ('MESH:D020244', 'Disease') :: ['MCAO', 'middle cerebral artery occlusion']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain lesion', 'cortical lesion']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['deficiencies observed in the composite neurological assessments']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficits']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rat']


abstract: @entity55567 , also known as recurrent painful @entity2981 or @entity55567 ( @entity55567 ) is usually associated with @entity132 @entity1 . It is a troublesome entity for both @entity1 and physician since extensive work-ups yield no diagnosis. We describe two females in their early twenties with recurrent painful @entity2981 and diverse accompanying symptoms which appeared after physical @entity130 . One of the @entity1 developed a @entity2981 after intradermal injection of her own blood (with no reaction to saline injection). One @entity1 had a @entity4225 , the other a @entity13593 . Punch biopsies revealed a perivascular inflammatory infiltrate, erythrocyte extravasation and no @entity1333 . @entity6243 are uncommon yet must be considered in the differential diagnosis of @entity4125 . @entity1 are usually young emotionally troubled females who present painful recurrent @entity2981 on extremities frequently after @entity130 or surgery. Autoimmune mechanisms and increased cutaneous fibrinolytic activity have been implicated, although further studies are needed. Correct diagnosis is important to avoid @entity146 and even mutilating treatments, and an adequate comprehension of these @entity4125 is important for the attending physician.

title: Two cases of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity4225 :: ('MESH:D001883', 'Disease') :: ['personality (borderline) disorder']

entities_list: @entity6243 :: ('MESH:D006474', 'Disease') :: ['Psychogenic hemorrhagic disorders']

entities_list: @entity132 :: ('MESH:D010468', 'Disease') :: ['emotionally disturbed']

entities_list: @entity1333 :: ('MESH:D014657', 'Disease') :: ['vasculitis']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity55567 :: ('MESH:C535645', 'Disease') :: ['Gardner-Diamond syndrome', 'Psychogenic purpura', 'autoerythrocyte sensitization syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4125 :: ('MESH:D011693', 'Disease') :: ['purpura', 'purpuras']

entities_list: @entity13593 :: ('MESH:D005162', 'Disease') :: ['factitious disorder']

entities_list: @entity2981 :: ('MESH:D003288', 'Disease') :: ['bruise', 'bruises', 'bruising']

answer: @entity55567 :: (MESH:C535645,Disease) :: ['psychogenic purpura']


abstract: The prevalence of microvascular and acute @entity6 complications, and their relation to duration of @entity6 and glycaemic control were examined in a cross-sectional study of 3250 @entity1723 @entity1 in Europe ( @entity1723 Complications Study). Mean (SD) duration of @entity6 was 14.7 (9.3) years. HbA1c and AER were measured centrally. @entity989 was assessed by centrally graded retinal photography. @entity4148 was measured by heart rate and blood pressure responses to standing up. @entity16 was measured by biothesiometry. Normal HbA1c was found in 16% of @entity1 . An AER of 20 micrograms/min or higher was found in 30.6% (95% CI 29.0%, 32.2%) of all @entity1 , and 19.3% (15.6%, 23.0%) of those with @entity6 for 1 to 5 years. The prevalence of @entity989 (46% in all @entity1 ; 82% after 20 or more years) was substantially lower than in comparable studies. Of all @entity1 5.9% (5.1%, 6.7%) had @entity551 , 19.3% (17.9%, 20.7%) had abnormal heart rate variability, 32.2% (30.6%, 33.8%) reported one or more severe hypoglycaemic attacks during the last 12 months and 8.6% (7.6%, 9.6%) reported hospital admission for @entity1270 over the same period. Microvascular and acute complications were clearly related to duration of @entity6 and to glycaemic control. However, the relation of glycaemic control to raised @entity633 differed qualitatively from its relation to @entity989 .

title: Microvascular and acute complications in @entity1723 @entity1 : the XXXX Complications Study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'diabetes']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['Sensory neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity633 :: ('MESH:D000419', 'Disease') :: ['albuminuria']

entities_list: @entity1723 :: ('MESH:D003922', 'Disease') :: ['IDDM', 'EURODIAB IDDM']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['Autonomic neuropathy']

entities_list: @entity989 :: ('MESH:D012164', 'Disease') :: ['retinopathy', 'Retinopathy']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['postural hypotension']

answer: @entity1723 :: (MESH:D003922,Disease) :: ['EURODIAB IDDM']


abstract: Radiofrequency (RF) ablation using the HALO(360) system combined with proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy is a new treatment for @entity355 ( @entity355 ). We assessed the safety and effectiveness of this combination therapy at a community-based, @entity355 referral center. After symptom evaluation, endoscopy and histologic assessment, esophageal motility, pH monitoring on PPI, computed tomography, endoscopic ultrasonography and mucosal resection for nodules, we performed HALO(360) ablation followed by twice daily PPI and 3-monthly surveillance for up to 12 months. If @entity4648 or @entity1141 were present at follow-up, the @entity1 received a second ablation. Thirteen @entity1 (12 male) were treated, three with high-grade @entity1141 , four with low-grade and six with @entity1944 . The mean baseline @entity355 length was 6 cm (range 2-12); nine @entity1 had an @entity357 and two had a prior fundoplication. Esophageal pH < 4.0 for < 4% of time was achieved only in 5/13 @entity1 . A mean of 1.4 ablation sessions were performed, without serious adverse events or strictures. Complete eradication of @entity355 was achieved in 6/13 (46%) @entity1 . The mean endoscopic surface regression was 84% (from a mean length of 6 +/- 1 cm to 1.2 +/- 0.5 cm, P < 0.001). Complete elimination of @entity1141 was achieved in 5/7 (71%) @entity1 . Ablation efficacy was better in those @entity1 who had maximal pH control (P < 0.05). HALO(360) ablation of @entity355 with or without @entity1141 is safe, well-tolerated and effective in the community setting. Follow-up ablation further reverses residual @entity355 or @entity1141 .

title: Early experience with radiofrequency energy ablation therapy for @entity355 with and without XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1944 :: ('MESH:D007410', 'Disease') :: ['non-dysplastic intestinal metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['BE', "Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatal hernia']

entities_list: @entity4648 :: ('MESH:D008679', 'Disease') :: ['metaplasia']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']