abstract: CONTEXT: @entity1 with @entity120 ( @entity120 ) who develop @entity1378 are at risk for @entity697 and @entity204 . CASES AND SETTING: We present a series of eight idiopathic @entity120 /heritable @entity120 pediatric @entity1 who developed @entity1378 between 1999 and 2011. Institutional Review Board approval was obtained; informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the series. All eight @entity1 were receiving iv @entity4770 ; five of the eight @entity1 presented with @entity697 in the setting of @entity1378 . In the remaining three @entity1 , @entity1378 was detected during routine screening of thyroid function tests. The one @entity1 who underwent emergency thyroidectomy was the only survivor of those who presented in cardiopulmonary decline. EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS: Aggressive treatment of the @entity1378 state, including emergency total thyroidectomy and escalation of targeted @entity120 therapy and b-blockade when warranted, may prove lifesaving in these @entity1 . Prompt thyroidectomy or radioactive @entity1496 ablation should be considered for clinically stable @entity120 @entity1 with early and/or mild @entity1378 to avoid potentially life-threatening cardiopulmonary decompensation. CONCLUSIONS: Although the association between @entity1378 and @entity120 remains poorly understood, the potential impact of @entity1378 on the cardiopulmonary status of @entity120 @entity1 must not be ignored. @entity1378 must be identified early in this @entity1 population to optimize intervention before acute decompensation. Thyroid function tests should be checked routinely in @entity1 with @entity120 , particularly those on iv @entity4770 , and urgently in @entity1 with acute decompensation or symptoms of @entity1378 .

title: @entity120 and XXXX : a potentially fatal combination.

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute cardiopulmonary decompensation']

entities_list: @entity120 :: ('MESH:D006976', 'Disease') :: ['PAH', 'pulmonary arterial hypertension']

entities_list: @entity1378 :: ('MESH:D006980', 'Disease') :: ['Hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroidism', 'hyperthyroid']

entities_list: @entity4770 :: ('MESH:D011464', 'Chemical') :: ['epoprostenol']

answer: @entity1378 :: (MESH:D006980,Disease) :: ['hyperthyroidism']


abstract: CONTEXT: Preeclampsia is believed to result from release of placental factors that damage maternal vascular endothelium. However, because most studies have been conducted during pregnancy, it has not been possible to separate maternal from placental mechanisms underlying @entity409 in @entity1468 . OBJECTIVE: To determine whether endothelial function is impaired in nonpregnant @entity1 with @entity1468 and whether @entity409 is mediated by oxidative stress. DESIGN AND SETTING: Case-control study conducted at 3 hospital maternity units in London, England, between July 1997 and June 2000. @entity1 : A total of 113 @entity1 with @entity1468 (n = 35 with recurrent episodes; n = 78 with a single episode) and 48 @entity1 with previous uncomplicated pregnancies, all of whom were at least 3 months (median, 3 years) postpartum. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Brachial artery flow-mediated (endothelium-dependent) and @entity1242 -induced (endothelium-independent) dilatation were compared between previously preeclamptic @entity1 and controls. To investigate oxidative stress, these measurements were repeated after administration of @entity620 , 1 g intravenously, in 15 cases and 15 controls. RESULTS: Mean (SD) flow-mediated dilatation was lower in @entity1 with @entity1468 compared with controls (recurrent group, 0.9% [4.1%]; single-episode group, 2.7% [3.5%]; and control group, 4.7% [4.3%]; P<.001). In contrast, @entity1242 -induced dilatation was similar in the 3 groups (recurrent, 19.5% [5.9%]; single-episode, 21.0% [8.0%]; and control, 21.0% [8.3%]; P =.65). Impaired flow-mediated dilatation in previously preeclamptic @entity1 was not accounted for by recognized vascular risk factors. @entity620 administration increased flow-mediated dilatation in previously preeclamptic @entity1 (baseline, 2.6% [3.3%]; after administration, 5.6% [3.0%]; P =.001) but not in controls (baseline, 6.2% [3.3%]; after administration, 6.7% [5.0%]; P =.72). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that endothelial function is impaired in @entity1 with @entity1468 and is not explained by established maternal risk factors but is reversed by antioxidant @entity620 administration.

title: Association of maternal @entity409 with XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity1242 :: ('MESH:D005996', 'Chemical') :: ['glyceryl trinitrate']

entities_list: @entity620 :: ('MESH:D001205', 'Chemical') :: ['Ascorbic acid', 'ascorbic acid']

entities_list: @entity409 :: ('MESH:D008107', 'Disease') :: ['endothelial dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity1468 :: ('MESH:D011225', 'Disease') :: ['previous preeclampsia', 'preeclampsia']

answer: @entity1468 :: (MESH:D011225,Disease) :: ['preeclampsia']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this paper was to investigate the contributions of sociodemographic, neurologic, and neuropsychological variables to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in @entity1 with @entity302 and high @entity410 burden. Focus was placed on the relationship between memory and HRQoL, which has not been previously investigated. METHODS: Ninety @entity1 with @entity302 receiving clinical care at a tertiary-level @entity1 's hospital were retrospectively identified. Primary assessment measures were verbal memory (California Verbal Learning Test- @entity1 's Version) and HRQoL. Other neuropsychological variables included intellectual function, executive function, emotional and behavioral function, and adaptive function. Sociodemographic and neurologic variables were extracted from chart review. RESULTS: No significant correlations were found between HRQoL and sociodemographic or neurologic variables. Moderate correlations were found between neuropsychological variables and HRQoL. Emotional function ( @entity1 Behavior Checklist) and verbal memory (California Verbal Learning Test- @entity1 's Version) emerged as significant predictor variables of HRQoL. @entity2414 was associated with a twofold risk of low HRQoL, emotional and behavioral difficulty with a 10-fold risk, and the combination of emotional and behavioral difficulty and low verbal memory with a 17-fold risk. CONCLUSIONS: Verbal memory and emotional and behavioral difficulty are associated with increased risk of low HRQoL, even when other important variables are considered in @entity1 with high @entity410 burden. The results reinforce the importance of neuropsychological assessment in clinical care in @entity302 and suggest important areas of focus for psychological intervention.

title: Memory and health-related quality of life in severe XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Child', 'children', 'Children']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['pediatric epilepsy', 'epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity2414 :: ('MESH:D008569', 'Disease') :: ['Low verbal memory']

answer: @entity302 :: (MESH:D004827,Disease) :: ['pediatric epilepsy']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To establish whether @entity1 fallopian tube (FT) epithelium can induce apoptosis in T lymphocytes and endometrial cells. DESIGN: Laboratory-based study. SETTING: Hospital. @entity1 (S): @entity1 undergoing abdominal hysterectomy for FT samples, and @entity1 volunteers with and without @entity46 for endometrial biopsies. INTERVENTION(S): FT samples obtained at time of surgery performed in reproductive-aged @entity1 with normal menstrual cycles. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): T lymphocytes or endometrial cells coincubated with FT epithelial cells and assayed for apoptosis by DNA nick-end labeling and @entity522 activity, with the presence of @entity12 ( @entity12 ) and Fas receptor (FasR) assessed by indirect immunostaining. RESULT(S): The epithelium of the FT-induced apoptosis in T cells as well as in @entity1 endometrial cells. The mechanism probably involves the @entity12 /FasR system; accordingly, we observed @entity12 at the apical surface of the epithelium and in the stroma of the FT at all phases of the menstrual cycle except during the early proliferative phase. The endometrial samples from @entity1 with @entity46 did not express FasR and were resistant to apoptosis. CONCLUSION(S): In both FasR(+) T lymphocytes and endometrial cells, @entity12 (+) FT cells induce apoptosis. Data suggest that the FT epithelium acts as a barrier to limit the influx of lymphocytes as well as endometrial cells ascending the tube. Failure of these regulatory mechanisms may be related to the development of @entity46 .

title: XXXX (+) fallopian tube epithelium induces apoptosis in both Fas receptor(+) T lymphocytes and endometrial cells.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'human', 'patients', 'Women', 'PATIENT']

entities_list: @entity46 :: ('MESH:D004715', 'Disease') :: ['endometriosis']

answer: @entity12 :: (356,Gene) :: ['Fas ligand']


abstract: By means of the @entity593 technique and image analysis the intracellular concentration of free @entity460 ions [ @entity141 ]i was examined in isolated @entity5660 pinealocytes identified by S-antigen immunocytochemistry. Approximately 30% of the pinealocytes exhibited spontaneous [ @entity141 ]i oscillations whose frequency differed from cell to cell. Neither illumination with bright light nor dark adaptation of the cells had an apparent effect on the oscillations. Removal of extracellular @entity141 or application of 10 microM @entity594 caused a reversible breakdown of the [ @entity141 ]i oscillations. Application of 60 mM KCl elevated [ @entity141 ]i in 90% of the oscillating and 50% of the non-oscillating pinealocytes. The effect of @entity4338 was blocked by 50 microM @entity594 . These results suggest that voltage-gated L-type @entity460 channels play a major role in the regulation of [ @entity141 ]i in trout pinealocytes. Experiments with @entity2426 (2 microM) revealed the presence of intracellular @entity460 stores in 80% of the trout pinealocytes, but their role for regulation of [ @entity141 ]i remains elusive. Treatment with @entity1063 (100 pM-50 microM), previously shown to induce @entity460 release from intracellular @entity460 stores in @entity35 pinealocytes, had no apparent effect on [ @entity141 ]i in any trout pinealocyte. This finding conforms to the concept that noradrenergic mechanisms are not involved in signal transduction in the directly light-sensitive pineal organ of anamniotic vertebrates.

title: XXXX oscillations in a subpopulation of S-antigen-immunoreactive pinealocytes of the @entity5660 ( @entity5660 ).

entities_list: @entity5660 :: ('8022', 'Species') :: ['rainbow trout']

entities_list: @entity2426 :: ('MESH:D019284', 'Chemical') :: ['thapsigargin']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity594 :: ('MESH:D009543', 'Chemical') :: ['nifedipine']

entities_list: @entity1063 :: ('MESH:D009638', 'Chemical') :: ['norepinephrine']

answer: @entity460 :: (MESH:D002118,Chemical) :: ['Calcium']


abstract: The placental transfer of three opioids used in peridural analgesia, @entity3575 , @entity680 and @entity681 , and two reference substances, @entity4591 and * @entity2507 , was determined ex vivo in the @entity1 placental cotyledon system. (1) In the first set of experiments, the infusion rates were constant and fixed at physiological flow rates. Under these conditions, the magnitude of the materno-fetal transfer was in the following order: * @entity2507 = @entity4591 = @entity3575 > @entity680 > @entity681 . No particular influence of molecular weight, lipophilia, pKa or the degree of ionization could be discerned. (2) In the second set of experiments, the influence of different flow rates, reflecting various pathophysiological conditions, was examined. There was a linear relationship between the maternal flow and the materno-fetal transfer of the three opioids. On the other hand, for @entity4591 and tritiated water, the relationship was logarithmic, a difference attributed to the marked lipophilia of the opioids. (3) At high maternal flow rates, saturation was observed for all five substances due to the short duration of contact with the membrane. There were logarithmic relationships between the maternal flow and the materno-fetal transfer. (4) These findings emphasize the importance of the lipophilic and hydrophilic characteristics of drugs on placental transfer, especially in the event of fluctuations in maternal flow.

title: Influence of maternal blood flow on the placental transfer of three opioids-- XXXX , @entity680 , @entity681 .

entities_list: @entity681 :: ('MESH:D017409', 'Chemical') :: ['sufentanil']

entities_list: @entity680 :: ('MESH:D015760', 'Chemical') :: ['alfentanil']

entities_list: @entity3575 :: ('MESH:D005283', 'Chemical') :: ['fentanyl']

entities_list: @entity4591 :: ('MESH:D000983', 'Chemical') :: ['antipyrine']

answer: @entity3575 :: (MESH:D005283,Chemical) :: ['fentanyl']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity5 affect 10-25 per cent of @entity1 with @entity1412 and represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Surgery for intra-abdominal desmoids has traditionally been used as a last resort or to manage obstructive complications. The aim was to review 10 years of desmoid surgery in @entity1 with @entity1412 from a single centre. METHODS: @entity1 who had surgery for @entity8977 between 1994 and 2004 were identified from the Polyposis Registry database and their hospital notes reviewed. RESULTS: Twenty @entity1 had surgery to remove 32 @entity5 (16 intra-abdominal, 12 abdominal wall, four extra-abdominal). Complete clearance was achieved in 19 @entity5 and, of these, clinically significant recurrence occurred in eight. There was no difference in recurrence rates for site or sex. There was no operative mortality. Intra-abdominal desmoid resection was associated with a mean resection of 45.55 (range 10-200) cm of small bowel. One @entity1 required long-term parenteral feeding. Median follow-up was 5 (range 0.6-10) years. During this period, one @entity1 died (metastatic @entity5 ); there was no mortality from @entity8977 . CONCLUSION: Surgery for intra-abdominal desmoids in selected @entity1 is less hazardous than previously reported. Surgery for abdominal wall and @entity5 is safe. However, disease recurrence remains a major problem.

title: A 10-year review of surgery for XXXX associated with @entity1412 .

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['duodenal cancer', 'Desmoid tumours', 'extra-abdominal tumours', 'desmoid tumours', 'tumours']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity1412 :: ('MESH:D011125', 'Disease') :: ['familial adenomatous polyposis']

entities_list: @entity8977 :: ('MESH:C535944', 'Disease') :: ['desmoid disease']

answer: @entity8977 :: (MESH:C535944,Disease) :: ['desmoid disease']


abstract: @entity29050 is a potent melatonergic ( @entity4911 agonist and 5HT(2C) antagonist that is an effective antidepressant in animal models of @entity308 and in @entity1 suffering from @entity308 . Our recent studies revealed that acute restraint stress increases extracellular levels of @entity2227 and @entity1246 and that these increases in @entity535 efflux are inhibited by some but not all antidepressants. In view of the increasing evidence supporting a role of @entity1522 in the pathology of @entity308 , the current study examined whether acute stress-mediated changes in @entity2227 and @entity1246 neurotransmission are modulated by @entity29050 . In agreement with our previous work, acute stress increases extracellular @entity2227 levels in the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala (BLA). Similarly, acute stress increases @entity2227 efflux in the central nucleus of the amygdala ( @entity13396 ). In the hippocampus, acute stress increases @entity2227 efflux and elicits an oscillatory pattern of @entity1246 efflux. @entity29050 administration (40mg/kg ip) prior to acute stress inhibited stress-mediated increases in @entity2227 efflux in the hippocampus, BLA and @entity13396 . These results demonstrate that acute @entity29050 administration effectively inhibits acute stress-mediated changes in extracellular @entity2227 in the @entity35 hippocampus and amygdala. While acute stress did not modulate @entity1246 efflux in these regions, @entity29050 treatment induced an overall reduction of @entity1246 levels in the hippocampus. These data suggest that @entity29050 modulates @entity535 efflux in limbic structures implicated in major @entity308 .

title: The antidepressant XXXX inhibits stress-mediated changes in @entity535 efflux in the @entity35 hippocampus and amygdala.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depressive disorder', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity2227 :: ('CHEBI:29987', 'Chemical') :: ['glutamate']

entities_list: @entity535 :: ('CHEBI:33704', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acid']

entities_list: @entity29050 :: ('MESH:C084711', 'Chemical') :: ['agomelatine', 'Agomelatine']

answer: @entity29050 :: (MESH:C084711,Chemical) :: ['agomelatine']


abstract: A prospective study of @entity1576 history and lung function of 10,898 school @entity1 in Sydney was begun in 1971. At the first visit, a history of previous @entity565 and of @entity3617 before and after the first 2 years of life was obtained from a parental questionnaire, and maximal expiratory flow-volume curves were recorded. These lung function studies were repeated yearly between 1972 and 1974, at which time a history of @entity1576 during the previous 12 months and a personal smoking history were recorded, Two groups of @entity1 from a random selection of primary and secondary schools in Sydney were studied. Their respective mean ages were 8.9 yr (primary group) and 12.6 yr (high school group) in 1971. Mean values for the maximal flow at 50 percent of the forced vital capacity were lower in @entity1 with a history of @entity3617 and/or @entity565 than those in the control group. This was true in both age groups in both sexes. No differences were found in the 0.5-s forced expiratory volume or forced vital capacity. The differences in maximal flow at 50 per cent of the forced vital capacity were present again in 1974. In 1974, the data from smokers were compared with those from nonsmokers; small differences were found. The results suggest that @entity3617 in infancy and childhood as well as @entity565 may affect lung function as @entity1 grow, that the abnormality may not be detected by the forced expiratory volume, that the abnormality persists, and that it is possible that the abnormality is further affected by smoking.

title: The influence of lower XXXX in infancy and childhood and subsequent cigarette smoking on lung function in Sydney schoolchildren.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory illness']

answer: @entity1576 :: (MESH:D012131,Disease) :: ['respiratory illness']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity71 is a @entity74 that is classified into three subtypes in which the main symptoms, inattention, @entity2915 , and @entity23 , are expressed with various degrees of severity. The nature of the biological dysfunction sustaining each subtype (common or distinct) is unknown, and animal models encompassing different subtypes are needed. METHODS: A cluster analysis separated subgroups of @entity35 on the basis of similarities in both @entity23 and attentional scores in the five-choice serial reaction time task. These subgroups were characterized behaviorally and were compared for several aspects of spontaneous @entity2915 in different environmental contexts. The dose effects of two agents used clinically ( @entity2727 and @entity4678 ) were tested on attention and @entity23 . RESULTS: Four distinct subgroups were demonstrated: efficient, middle, inattentive, and inattentive-impulsive. @entity2915 expressed in a cage, characterized the last subgroup. Subgroups were differentially sensitive to environmental and pharmacologic challenges. @entity2727 increased @entity23 mainly in the combined subgroup, whereas @entity4678 decreased @entity23 , neither with any effect on the efficient subgroup and on accuracy. CONCLUSIONS: This new approach is the first to demonstrate behavioral subtypes in @entity35 that parallel those observed in @entity1 beings and is a promising tool to clarify the biological bases of these behavioral subtypes and to explain therapeutic effects.

title: Dimensional analysis of @entity71 subtypes in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity71 :: ('MESH:D001289', 'Disease') :: ['Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder']

entities_list: @entity23 :: ('MESH:D007174', 'Disease') :: ['impulsivity']

entities_list: @entity2915 :: ('MESH:D006948', 'Disease') :: ['hyperactivity', 'Hyperactivity']

entities_list: @entity4678 :: ('MESH:C041930', 'Chemical') :: ['atomoxetine']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['heterogeneous disorder']

entities_list: @entity2727 :: ('MESH:D008774', 'Chemical') :: ['Methylphenidate', 'methylphenidate']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Diffusion-weighted imaging has shown initial promise for evaluating response to bevacizumab in @entity1 with high-grade @entity11 (HGG). However, it is well recognized that the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) is influenced by bevacizumab-induced reductions in @entity4 , which may limit its prognostic value. We demonstrate that an advanced diffusion-weighted imaging technique, @entity2996 ( @entity2996 ), improves the evaluation of response to bevacizumab because unlike ADC, @entity2996 is not affected by resolution of @entity4 . METHODS: @entity2996 and ADC maps were analyzed for 40 @entity1 with HGG prior to and following initiation of bevacizumab. Volumes of interest were drawn for regions of contrast enhancement (CE) and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) hyperintensity and histogram percentiles within volumes of interest were calculated for ADC 10th percentile (ADC-CE10%, ADC-FLAIR10%) and for @entity2996 90th percentile ( @entity2996 -CE90%, @entity2996 -FLAIR90%). Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the relationship between imaging parameters, progression-free survival (PFS), and @entity1349 ( @entity1349 ). RESULTS: An increase in @entity2996 -FLAIR90% following bevacizumab was the strongest predictor of poor PFS (P= .016) and @entity1349 (P= .004), whereas decreases in ADC-FLAIR10% showed a weaker association with @entity1349 only (P= .041). Within the CE region, increases in @entity2996 -CE90% alone were associated with poorer @entity1349 . Correlational analysis revealed that decreases in FLAIR volume were associated with decreases in ADC-FLAIR10%, but not with changes in @entity2996 -FLAIR90%. CONCLUSION: @entity2996 is less influenced by changes in @entity4 , conferring an advantage of @entity2996 over ADC for evaluating response to anti-angiogenic therapy in @entity1 with HGG.

title: Restriction spectrum imaging predicts response to bevacizumab in @entity1 with high-grade XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2996 :: ('MESH:C564543', 'Disease') :: ['restriction spectrum imaging', 'RSI']

entities_list: @entity1349 :: ('MESH:D011475', 'Disease') :: ['OS', 'overall survival']

answer: @entity11 :: (MESH:D005910,Disease) :: ['glioma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The purpose of the study was to verify whether @entity1012 in combination with @entity1013 induced @entity1014 phosphorylase ( @entity1015 ) and cytokines in @entity356 @entity1 as well as in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty @entity1 with invasive @entity356 were randomly assigned, upon admission using by a closed-envelope technique, to either a group receiving @entity1013 or @entity1012 alone, to a group receiving both 5'DFUR and @entity1012 , or to a non- treated group up. Surgical specimens of the @entity5 and normal tissues were taken soon after gastrectomy to evaluate @entity1015 activity, @entity1192 and TNF-production. RESULTS: @entity1015 activities were several times higher in @entity5 than in normal tissues. In normal tissues, @entity1015 activities in the @entity1013 + @entity1012 group were significantly higher than in the @entity1012 group. @entity1015 activity in @entity5 , however, showed no significant difference between treated group. In the @entity1013 + @entity1012 group, the level of @entity1192 production in @entity5 was significantly higher compared to the control group. In the @entity1013 + @entity1012 group, the level of @entity310 production in @entity5 was significantly higher than in normal tissue. @entity310 production in @entity5 showed no significant difference in each treated group compared to the control. There was a significant correlation between @entity1015 activity and @entity1192 production levels in @entity5 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity1015 was induced by @entity1192 in @entity5 tissues of @entity356 @entity1 . @entity1012 in combination with @entity1013 , however, did not induce @entity310 and @entity1192 , and increase @entity1015 activity in @entity356 .

title: Effects of @entity1013 and XXXX on cytokines and @entity1014 phosphorylase in @entity5 tissue of @entity356 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'tumors']

entities_list: @entity1014 :: ('MESH:D013936', 'Chemical') :: ['thymidine']

entities_list: @entity356 :: ('MESH:D013274', 'Disease') :: ['gastric cancer', 'gastric cancer tumors']

answer: @entity1012 :: (MESH:D010844,Chemical) :: ['OK-432']


abstract: In the ant Myrmicaria eumenoides we investigated postpharyngeal and cuticular @entity9436 . At eclosion the glands contained almost no @entity9436 and there were no lipid inclusions in the glandular epithelium. During the first 3 weeks of adult life the amount of @entity9436 in the gland increased until day 5, and then remained constant while the lipid content in the epithelium increased steadily. Intracolonial @entity7294 compositions were not uniform. Compositions of post-pharyngeal and cuticular @entity9436 in individual ants varied simultaneously, but in different manner depending on the tasks of the ant (brood-tenders, foragers, scouts). Variations on the cuticle were greater than in the gland, but they were strongly correlated. Independent of ants' age and task, cuticular @entity7294 compositions were dominated by @entity28550 and @entity43569 . Task-specific differences in cuticular compositions were mainly in the amount of @entity28550 (high in foragers) and @entity43569 (high in brood-tenders). Variation of @entity9436 was low in ants up to 10 weeks old. Thereafter, ants fell into two groups: (1) ants that did not change their @entity9436 and remained in the nest, and (2) ants that changed their @entity7294 compositions and became foragers. These results contribute to an ongoing discussion of the dynamic relationship between post-pharyngeal and cuticular @entity9436 .

title: Task-related variation of postpharyngeal and cuticular XXXX compositions in the ant Myrmicaria eumenoides.

entities_list: @entity43569 :: ('MESH:D000466', 'Chemical') :: ['alkadienes']

entities_list: @entity7294 :: ('CHEBI:24632', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbon']

entities_list: @entity9436 :: ('MESH:D006838', 'Chemical') :: ['hydrocarbons']

answer: @entity7294 :: (CHEBI:24632,Chemical) :: ['hydrocarbon']


abstract: PURPOSE: Arteriovenous (AV) graft @entity715 is a frequent complication in @entity1 undergoing hemodialysis. Thrombolytic therapy with tissue plasminogen activator ( @entity865 ) is hampered by the risk of @entity548 complications. Locally delivered @entity1351 may have similar thrombolytic efficacy with a superior safety profile, so herein it was compared with @entity865 in a porcine model of AV graft @entity715 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: AV grafts were created bilaterally between the carotid artery and jugular vein. Graft @entity715 was induced by clamping the grafts for 1 hour. On day 3, one graft was treated with a 2-mL local recombinant @entity1351 injection (10 mg; n = 10) with the contralateral graft being infused with @entity865 (10 mg, n = 8) or saline solution (n = 2). Thrombolytic efficacy was assessed by weighing the residual clot and released clot fragments. RESULTS: After saline solution injection, the mean residual clot weight in the graft was 618 mg. Local administration of @entity865 showed the least residual clot in the graft (69 mg +/- 26), with large clot particles reaching the venous outflow (241 mg +/- 23). @entity1351 treatment significantly reduced the released clot mass versus @entity865 (52 mg +/- 23; P < .05), whereas residual clot weight was greater compared with @entity865 treatment (140 mg +/- 22; P < .05). Overall thrombolytic activity of @entity1351 (ie, residual clot plus released clot) was significantly better than that of @entity865 (193 mg +/- 25 vs 310 mg +/- 35; P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: The thrombolytic efficacy of recombinant @entity1351 was shown to be superior to that of @entity865 in this study.

title: Locally applied recombinant @entity1351 results in effective thrombolysis in a porcine model of arteriovenous graft XXXX .

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombosis']


abstract: CONTEXT: @entity27157 ( @entity27157 ) is a rare form of @entity6 with a matrilineal transmission, @entity1274 , and macular @entity1020 due to an @entity23355 of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) ( @entity31336 ). The phenotypic heterogeneity of @entity27157 may be the consequence of different levels of mutated mtDNA among mitochondria in a given tissue. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was thus to ascertain the correlation between the severity of the phenotype in @entity1 with @entity27157 and the level of heteroplasmy in the blood leukocytes. @entity1 : The GEDIAM prospective multicenter register was initiated in 1995. Eighty-nine Europid @entity1 from this register, with @entity27157 and the mtDNA @entity23355 mutation, were included. @entity1 with @entity20066 ( @entity17903 , @entity8193 , and @entity64 -like episodes) or with mitochondrial @entity6 related to other mutations or to deletions of mtDNA were excluded. RESULTS: A significant negative correlation was found between levels of heteroplasmy and age of the @entity1 at the time of sampling for molecular analysis, age at the diagnosis of @entity6 , and body mass index. After adjustment for age at sampling for molecular study and gender, the correlation between heteroplasmy levels and age at the diagnosis of @entity6 was no more significant. The two other correlations remained significant. A significant positive correlation between levels of heteroplasmy and HbA(1c) was also found and remained significant after adjustment for age at molecular sampling and gender. CONCLUSIONS: These results support the hypothesis that heteroplasmy levels are at least one of the determinants of the severity of the phenotype in @entity27157 .

title: The clinical variability of maternally inherited XXXX and deafness is associated with the degree of heteroplasmy in blood leukocytes.

entities_list: @entity27157 :: ('MESH:C536246', 'Disease') :: ['MIDD', 'Maternally inherited diabetes and deafness']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'Patients', 'PARTICIPANTS']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity17903 :: ('MESH:D017237', 'Disease') :: ['mitochondrial encephalomyopathy']

entities_list: @entity8193 :: ('MESH:D000140', 'Disease') :: ['lactic acidosis']

entities_list: @entity1274 :: ('MESH:D006319', 'Disease') :: ['sensorineural hearing loss']

entities_list: @entity1020 :: ('MESH:D008268', 'Disease') :: ['pattern dystrophy']

entities_list: @entity23355 :: ('c|SUB|A|3243|G', 'DNAMutation') :: ['A to G transition at position 3243', '3243A>G']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: We have investigated the hypothesis that @entity842 synthase ( @entity3623 ), @entity3840 ( @entity3840 ), and @entity7 ( @entity7 ) protein levels individually demonstrate a direct correlation with @entity2101 ( @entity2101 ) and clinical outcome in @entity1 @entity1149 ( @entity1149 ). Furthermore, we hypothesized that @entity2101 may explain the propensity of certain @entity2 subtypes for early @entity3 via a hematological route. Immunohistochemically, we studied the protein expression levels of @entity3623 , @entity3840 , and @entity7 and @entity2101 by counting @entity2279 -reactive blood vessels (BVs) in 106 surgically resected @entity1149 specimens. @entity3623 , @entity3840 , and @entity7 immunoreactivity were observed in 48, 48, and 58%, respectively, of the study subjects, and their levels correlated with @entity2101 at the @entity5 -stromal interphase (P < or = 0.001). More adenocarcindmas and @entity152 displayed overexpression of @entity3623 when compared with @entity957 ( @entity957 ; r = 0.44; P < 0.001). @entity3623 and @entity3840 levels were found to correlate positively with @entity7 status (r = 0.44; P < 0.001, 0.01, and 0.03, respectively). These results attest to the significant interaction of these factors in the angiogenesis of @entity1149 . Although neither angiogenic factors nor @entity2101 correlated with @entity1 survival, the latter correlated with @entity5 clinical stage in both squamous ( @entity957 ; 73 BVs/mm2) and non- @entity957 (78 BVs/mm2) @entity5 . These results indicate that angiogenesis is a complex process that involves multiple factors including @entity3623 , @entity3840 , and @entity7 . Furthermore, the role of angiogenesis in the biology of various @entity2 types may be different. The complexity of angiogenesis may explain the modest results observed in antiangiogenesis therapy that target a single protein.

title: @entity842 synthase, @entity3840 , and XXXX in the angiogenesis of @entity1149 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['human', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity7 :: ('7422', 'Gene') :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor', 'VEGF']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['squamous cell carcinoma', 'SCC']

entities_list: @entity1149 :: ('MESH:D002289', 'Disease') :: ['NSCLC', 'non-small cell lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['histological lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity842 :: ('MESH:D009569', 'Chemical') :: ['nitric oxide']

entities_list: @entity2101 :: ('MESH:C538394', 'Disease') :: ['microvessel density', 'MVD']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis']

entities_list: @entity152 :: ('MESH:D018287', 'Disease') :: ['large cell carcinomas']

answer: @entity7 :: (7422,Gene) :: ['vascular endothelial growth factor']


abstract: @entity38279 ( @entity38279 ) has several morphologic forms that may exist singly or in various combinations. @entity1 with drusen are at an increased risk to develop @entity38279 . Types of drusen that have been recognized clinically and histopathologically include hard or nodular, soft, glistening or calcified, and diffuse. Hard drusen are probably a consequence of extrusion of material from one or a cluster of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Soft drusen are a sign of more widespread disease of the RPE, develop in eyes with hard drusen, and represent small areas of serous detachment of the RPE and the thickened inner aspect of Bruch's membrane. RPE @entity194 can occur in the setting of hard and soft drusen and in larger @entity1713 . From the morphologic point of view, we propose that the process leading to disciform scar formation in @entity38279 begins with thickening of the inner aspect of Bruch's membrane due to production of abnormal basement membrane by the RPE. This thickened area is weakly attached and allows the development of @entity1713 (soft drusen). These @entity1713 become confluent into large detachments of the RPE. @entity1940 occurs in association with diffuse and soft drusen and larger serous @entity1713 . Bleeding from neovascular tissue leads to disciform scar formation.

title: Pathologic features of XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients']

entities_list: @entity1940 :: ('MESH:D020256', 'Disease') :: ['Choroidal neovascularization']

entities_list: @entity38279 :: ('MESH:C562479', 'Disease') :: ['SMD', 'Senile macular degeneration']

entities_list: @entity1713 :: ('MESH:D012163', 'Disease') :: ['RPE detachments', 'localized detachments']

entities_list: @entity194 :: ('MESH:D001284', 'Disease') :: ['areolar atrophy']

answer: @entity38279 :: (MESH:C562479,Disease) :: ['senile macular degeneration']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To present special clinical and laboratory features of 45 cases (44 adult cases) who were intoxicated through oral route. DESIGN: Retrospective study. SETTING: @entity1213 ( @entity1213 ) of a university hospital. @entity1 : Forty-five @entity1 admitted to the @entity1213 of Cumhuriyet University Hospital. RESULTS: Forty-five @entity1 between 4 and 97 years of age were evaluated. Intoxication was the result of a suicide attempt in 67% of cases and accidental in 33% of cases. Unconsciousness, @entity390 and @entity391 were the common initial symptoms. The major clinical findings in the @entity1213 were @entity1168 , @entity8597 , @entity2332 , @entity4854 , @entity551 , @entity772 and @entity1576 . Blood @entity413 level was increased in 64% of cases. No problem was noted in the @entity1 or the fetus in a pregnant, 27-year-old @entity1 , who was intoxicated with 10 mL of 12.5% @entity275 . The length of stay in the @entity1213 was between 2 and 15 days. None of the @entity1 died. All @entity1 were discharged without neurological sequela. CONCLUSION: The prognosis of @entity275 intoxications through oral route is benign and results in complete healing; however, we suggest that these cases should be well monitored and followed-up in ICUs.

title: Acute XXXX intoxication: retrospective analysis of 45 cases.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity1213 :: ('MESH:D012555', 'Disease') :: ['Intensive care unit', 'ICU']

entities_list: @entity1576 :: ('MESH:D012131', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory depression']

entities_list: @entity275 :: ('MESH:C014983', 'Chemical') :: ['amitraz']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['hypotension']

entities_list: @entity1168 :: ('MESH:D001919', 'Disease') :: ['bradycardia']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity2332 :: ('MESH:D007035', 'Disease') :: ['hypothermia']

answer: @entity275 :: (MESH:C014983,Chemical) :: ['amitraz']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the sensitivity of renal color Doppler sonography in differentiating obstructive and nonobstructive urinary calculi in @entity1 with acute renal colic and to compare findings with nonenhanced helical computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Sixty-five @entity1 referred to the emergency department with acute renal colic underwent nonenhanced CT and renal resistive index (RI) measurement with color pulsed Doppler sonography within 8 to 10 hours of the onset of the symptoms. Computed tomographic evaluation was based on the detection of urolithiasis and classification according to location and the presence of @entity3885 . The mean RI of each kidney and the difference between the mean RI (DeltaRI) of both kidneys were calculated and compared with CT findings. RESULTS: A total of 164 stones were identified. Computed tomography revealed @entity3885 in 33 @entity1 . Mean RI values for the obstructive and nonobstructive groups were 0.64 and 0.63, respectively. Mean DeltaRI values were 0.01312 and 0.01000 in the obstructive and nonobstructive groups. The differences in the mean RI and DeltaRI for the @entity1 with and without @entity3885 were statistically insignificant (P = .73). No significant relationship was found between the RI values, calculus location, and degree of @entity3885 . CONCLUSIONS: The RI is insensitive for detection of @entity3885 in @entity1 with acute renal colic, and its value in routine practice seems quite controversial.

title: Correlation between the renal resistive index (RI) and nonenhanced computed tomography in acute renal colic: how reliable is the RI in distinguishing XXXX ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity3885 :: ('MESH:D008173', 'Disease') :: ['obstruction']

answer: @entity3885 :: (MESH:D008173,Disease) :: ['obstruction']


abstract: @entity616 ( @entity616 ; P wave > or =110 ms) is a potent correlate of left atrial (LA) enlargement and electromechanical dysfunction and a strong predictor of @entity4710 , in particular, @entity955 . Although these associations increase its risk for @entity887 , i.e., @entity64 , such a phenomenon has been inadequately investigated. We investigated 85 general hospital @entity1 who had been admitted to the neurologic unit between January 2003 and December 2004 for @entity64 . Of those, 66 @entity1 who had electrocardiograms that showed sinus rhythm were evaluated for @entity616 and categorized as those with @entity616 and those without (controls). Medical records were then reviewed for common co-morbidities and @entity64 risk factors, high-resolution carotid artery Doppler ultrasonographic study reports, and 2-dimensional echocardiograms obtained during the current admission for @entity64 ; 40 @entity1 (61%) had @entity616 . There was a 55% prevalence of LA enlargement (diameter in the @entity1162 view > or =40 mm, p <0.001). LA thrombi and/or spontaneous contrast ("smoke") were noted on echocardiograms in 6 @entity1 with @entity616 (15%) but not in any of the controls (p = 0.038). Five of those 6 @entity1 with such LA thrombi had dilated LA cavities. In conclusion, @entity616 could be a risk for @entity64 due to its known sequelae of LA dilation and electromechanical dysfunction that predispose to @entity715 . If prospective studies prove this to be so, the need for anticoagulation use in such @entity1 should be investigated.

title: Frequency of interatrial block in @entity1 with sinus rhythm hospitalized for XXXX and comparison to those without interatrial block.

entities_list: @entity64 :: ('MESH:D020521', 'Disease') :: ['embolic stroke', 'cardioembolic stroke', 'stroke']

entities_list: @entity1162 :: ('MESH:D008133', 'Disease') :: ['parasternal long-axis']

entities_list: @entity887 :: ('MESH:D004617', 'Disease') :: ['embolism']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity4710 :: ('MESH:D013617', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachyarrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity616 :: ('MESH:D006327', 'Disease') :: ['IAB', 'Interatrial block']

answer: @entity64 :: (MESH:D020521,Disease) :: ['stroke']


abstract: @entity137 of @entity12472 and @entity3208 ( @entity214 ) to the tropical freshwater cladoceran Pseudosida ramosa were studied in the laboratory. Acute tests showed that the 48-h LC       of @entity12472 was 20.9 mg l     , while that of @entity214 was 11.1 mg l     . P. ramosa showed to be slightly more sensitive than the other species of temperate cladocerans, in the assay conditions specified for each one. Long-term exposure of P. ramosa individuals to @entity12472 decreased the 21-day fecundity, the 21-day fertility and r(m), at concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 3.2 mg l     . Furthermore, fecundity and fertility at each brood decreased from the first to the fifth, at concentrations ranging from 0.8 to 3.2 mg l      and for the first three broods at the concentration of 0.4 mg l     . Long-term exposure of female P. ramosa to @entity214 decreased the 21-day fecundity, the 21-day fertility and r(m), at concentrations of 2 and 4 mg l     . Fecundity and fertility of each brood were reduced from the first to the fifth, at concentrations of 2-4 mg l     , and for the first three at concentrations of 0.5 and 1 mg l     . The survival and moulting of the adult females were not affected by either chemical at the concentrations tested. Many water quality criteria in tropical regions are based on ecotoxicological tests with non-native species and this may lead to errors in setting the maximum permissible levels of chemicals in water bodies. Therefore, we reiterate here the idea of using native species in ecotoxicological assessments.

title: Acute and chronic effects of XXXX and @entity3208 on the tropical freshwater cladoceran Pseudosida ramosa.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity3208 :: ('MESH:D012967', 'Chemical') :: ['sodium dodecyl sulfate']

answer: @entity12472 :: (MESH:D001280,Chemical) :: ['atrazine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Control of modifiable risk factors for @entity65 , the most common cause of morbidity and mortality among @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 is dependent on both @entity1 self-care behaviors and the characteristics of the clinic in which care is delivered. The relationship between control of CV risk factors, @entity1 self-care behaviors, and the presence of CCM (Chronic Care Model) components across multiple primary care clinic settings was examined. METHODS: Thirty consecutive @entity1 presenting with @entity164 2 @entity6 were enrolled from each of 20 primary care clinics from across South Texas. @entity1 were asked about their stage of change for four self-care behaviors: diet, exercise, @entity413 monitoring, and medication adherence. CV risk factors included the most recent values of glycosolated hemoglobin ( @entity3916 ), blood pressure, and (low-density lipoprotein) @entity165 . Clinicians in each clinic completed the Assessment of @entity102 Care (ACIC) survey, a validated measure of the CCM components. Hierarchical logistic regression models were used. RESULTS: Only 25 (13%) of the 618 @entity1 had good control of all three CV risk factors. Good control of these risk factors was positively associated with community linkages and delivery system design but was inversely associated with clinical information systems. @entity1 who were in the maintenance stage of change for all four self-care behaviors were more likely to have all three risk factors well controlled. DISCUSSION: Risk factors for @entity65 among @entity1 with @entity6 are associated with the structure and design of the clinical microsystem where care is delivered. In addition to focusing on clinician knowledge, future interventions should address the clinical microsystem's structure and design to reduce the burden of @entity65 among @entity1 with @entity164 2 @entity6 .

title: Are elements of the chronic care model associated with XXXX factor control in type 2 @entity6 ?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient', 'people']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['Chronic Illness']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['cardiovascular (CV) disease', 'CV disease']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity65 :: (MESH:D002318,Disease) :: ['cardiovascular risk']


abstract: @entity2828 is a highly malignant @entity5 of osseous or non-osseous origin, tremed as extra-skeletal @entity2828 if arising from soft tissue. It is rare occurrence @entity5 most commonly occurring in paravertebral area, chest wall, head _ neck and retroperitoneum. Reporting an interesting case of retroperitoneal @entity2828 in 39 years old female. @entity1 had complains of abdominal discomfort _ vague @entity158 since 2 months, following weakness in lower limb and loss of weight. On detail history and examination she was further referred to detail pathological and radiological investigations. Haematological profile, renal function test and liver function test were in normal limits. USG abdomen was normal, MRI showed a mass in pelvis retroperitoneum measuring 10x10cms, bilateral ovaries and tubes were normal. Because of retroperitoneal nature of @entity5 and suspicion of uterine @entity242 , laparotomy was performed. The large retroperitoneal mass adherent to posterior of uterus was excised and send for histopathological diagnosis. On gross and microscopy examination the diagnosis of @entity5 with PAS positivity, possibility of extraskeletal @entity2828 /primitive neuro-ectodermal @entity5 was made which was further confirmed by immunohistochemistry, positive for @entity2281 , Vementin and @entity3778 and negative for @entity2283 and CK. Confirmed diagnosis help in accurate management and improves survival rate.

title: Blue Cell Tumour at Unusual Site: Retropritoneal XXXX .

entities_list: @entity2828 :: ('MESH:D012512', 'Disease') :: ["Ewing's sarcoma", 'Ewings sarcoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'blue cell tumor', 'tumour']

answer: @entity2828 :: (MESH:D012512,Disease) :: ['Ewings Sarcoma']


abstract: Previous investigations revealed that most of the fluid regulating hormones showed no consistent relationship to the @entity519 ( @entity519 ). In this study we examined if @entity7404 (AM), a @entity519 -mediated diuretic/natriuretic peptide is connected to @entity519 . Thirty-three @entity1 were examined at low altitude (LA), on the third exposure day at 3440 m (medium altitude, MA) and on the fourteenth day at 5050 m (high altitude, @entity15773 ). Nocturnal diuresis rose from 460 ml [interquartile range 302 ml] at LA to 560 [660] ml at MA to 1015 [750] ml at @entity15773 (p<0.005). @entity1372 excretion was similar at LA and MA (41.8 [27.0] vs. 41.4 [28.4] mM) and increased to 80.2 [29.1] mM at @entity15773 (p<0.005). Urinary AM excretion was 7.9 [3.9] at LA, 7.5 [5.7] pM at MA, and increased to 10.5 [5.1] pM (p<0.05) at @entity15773 . Urinary AM excretion was correlated to diuresis (r=0.72, p<0.005) and @entity1372 excretion (r=0.57, p<0.005). Plasma AM concentration rose from 16.4 [3.1] to 18.8 [4.9] pM/l at MA (p<0.005) and to 18.3 [4.3] pM/l at @entity15773 (p<0.005). Plasma AM concentration and urinary AM excretion were not correlated, neither were plasma AM concentration and diuresis or natriuresis. Our data suggest the involvement of increased renal AM production in the pathophysiology of high altitude fluid and @entity1372 loss.

title: Renal XXXX and high altitude diuresis.

entities_list: @entity1372 :: ('MESH:D012964', 'Chemical') :: ['Sodium', 'sodium']

entities_list: @entity519 :: ('MESH:D000860', 'Disease') :: ['hypoxic diuretic response', 'HDR', 'hypoxia']

entities_list: @entity7404 :: ('133', 'Gene') :: ['adrenomedullin']

answer: @entity7404 :: (133,Gene) :: ['adrenomedullin']


abstract: In a retrospective study of 58 @entity1 from all over Sweden, treated for @entity957 of the mobile tongue (T1N0M0), different prognostic factors were evaluated. A partial glossectomy was performed as primary treatment in all @entity1 . The @entity5 recurred in 28 (38%) of 58 @entity1 . One of 7 @entity1 with only local recurrence, and 9 of 14 with recurrence in the neck died of their disease. The relative survival rate was 77%. Of the prognostic factors tested, @entity5 thickness was found to be the most significant. In @entity1 with @entity5 thickness was found to be the most significant. In @entity1 with @entity5 thickness exceeding 10 mm, recurrences occurred in 58% (P less than 0.0048), and 87% (P less than 0.0164) died of their @entity5 . This represents a statistically significant higher degree when compared with @entity5 thickness of less than 10 mm. Elective treatment of the neck nodes is recommended in epidermoid @entity5 of the mobile tongue when @entity5 thickness exceeds 10 mm, even in stage I @entity5 (i.e., the surface extension diameter is smaller than 20 mm at most).

title: Evaluation of some prognostic factors in XXXX of the mobile tongue: a multicenter study in Sweden.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity957 :: ('MESH:D002294', 'Disease') :: ['small squamous cell carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'cancer', 'tumors']

answer: @entity957 :: (MESH:D002294,Disease) :: ['small squamous cell carcinoma']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Laser-induced thermotherapy is a minimally invasive method that can be applied percutaneously or during laparotomy for the treatment of @entity96 . The aim of this experimental study was to investigate whether the laparoscopic approach is suitable for laser-induced thermotherapy. Laparoscopic ultrasonography was tested as an aid to intrahepatic positioning of the applicators as well as for online monitoring during application. METHODS: A neodymium yttrium- @entity5715 -garnet laser was used to induce thermal lesions in the healthy liver of ten German hybrid @entity1707 . The length of application was 840 s. Forty applications were performed with normal hepatic blood flow and 40 with hepatic blood flow interrupted by means of a laparoscopic Pringle's manoeuvre. RESULTS: A total of 20 simultaneous multifibre applications with 80 single applications were performed. Thermal @entity39 with a total volume of 50.3 cm3 was induced with high precision when hepatic blood flow was interrupted temporarily. When hepatic blood flow was normal, the total volume of thermal @entity39 was only 14.6 cm3 (P < 0.01). Laparoscopic ultrasonography was used successfully as an aid for exact applicator positioning and for online monitoring. Method-related complications did not occur. CONCLUSION: The laparoscopic approach is an attractive means of application for laser-induced thermotherapy and it seems that clinical testing is justified.

title: Experimental study of laparoscopic laser-induced thermotherapy for XXXX .

entities_list: @entity39 :: ('MESH:D009336', 'Disease') :: ['necrosis']

entities_list: @entity5715 :: ('CHEBI:28984', 'Chemical') :: ['aluminium']

entities_list: @entity96 :: ('MESH:D008113', 'Disease') :: ['malignant liver tumours']

answer: @entity96 :: (MESH:D008113,Disease) :: ['liver tumours']


abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of the applied @entity1138 ( @entity1139 ) concentration and application time on the aqueous @entity1139 concentration and apoptosis in the @entity2687 . METHODS: New Zealand white @entity95 underwent mechanical epithelium debridement of the central 7.5 mm of the @entity267 . A sponge soaked in @entity1139 solution was placed on the denuded @entity2687 . The effect of the exposure times ranging from 15 to 120 seconds and the different @entity1139 concentrations ranging from 0.005% to 0.04% on the aqueous @entity1139 concentration and the apoptosis in the stromal cells were evaluated. RESULTS: The aqueous concentration of @entity1139 increased linearly with increasing exposure time and @entity1139 concentration. The correlation between the aqueous @entity1139 concentration and the applied concentration (r = 0.809, P < 0.001) was higher than the correlation between the aqueous @entity1139 concentration and the application time (r = 0.693, P < 0.001). Terminal deoxyribonucleotidyltransferase-mediated @entity1977 -digoxigenin nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells were detected in the superficial stroma of the central denuded @entity267 . The numbers of TUNEL-positive cells increased linearly with increasing concentrations, and the increase was statistically significant (P = 0.026). However, the numbers of TUNEL-positive cells increased only slightly with an increasing application time, and the increase was not statistically significant (P = 0.928). CONCLUSIONS: Reducing the applied concentration or decreasing the exposure time might be a good modality for reducing the potential @entity1139 @entity137 . The applied @entity1139 concentration had greater effects on the aqueous @entity1139 concentration and apoptosis in the stromal cells than the exposure time.

title: @entity1138 concentration in @entity267 and aqueous humor and apoptosis in the stroma after topical @entity1138 application: effects of XXXX application time and concentration.

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1138 :: ('MESH:D016685', 'Chemical') :: ['mitomycin-C']

entities_list: @entity2687 :: ('MESH:D003316', 'Disease') :: ['corneal stroma']

answer: @entity1138 :: (MESH:D016685,Chemical) :: ['mitomycin-C']


abstract: Mitochondria can be degraded by autophagy in a process termed mitophagy. The @entity191 -associated ubiquitin ligase Parkin can trigger mitophagy of depolarized mitochondria. However, it remains to be determined how the autophagy machinery is involved in this specific type of autophagy. It has been speculated that adaptor proteins such as @entity10407 might mediate the interaction between the autophagosomal @entity21684 family of proteins and ubiquitylated proteins on mitochondria. Here, we describe our systematic analysis of the recruitment of Atg proteins in Parkin-dependent mitophagy. Structures containing upstream Atg proteins, including @entity10621 , @entity42627 , @entity29333 , @entity42628 and @entity10617 , can associate with depolarized mitochondria even in the absence of membrane-bound @entity21684 . @entity42629 structures are also recruited to these damaged mitochondria as well as to the autophagosome formation site during starvation-induced canonical autophagy. In the initial steps of Parkin-mediated mitophagy, the structures containing the @entity10621 complex and @entity42629 are independently recruited to depolarized mitochondria and both are required for further recruitment of downstream Atg proteins except @entity21684 . Autophagosomal @entity21684 is important for efficient incorporation of damaged mitochondria into the autophagosome at a later stage. These findings suggest a process whereby the isolation membrane is generated de novo on damaged mitochondria as opposed to one where a preformed isolation membrane recognizes mitochondria.

title: Structures containing XXXX and the @entity10621 complex independently target depolarized mitochondria at initial stages of Parkin-mediated mitophagy.

entities_list: @entity191 :: ('MESH:D010300', 'Disease') :: ['Parkinson-disease']

answer: @entity42629 :: (79065,Gene) :: ['Atg9A']


abstract: A 53-year-old @entity1 presented with @entity137 caused by acute @entity1445 that manifested as @entity7129 , and competing @entity713 with @entity955 . @entity1 admitted to overdosing with digoxin 15-20 h before presentation with intent to commit suicide. Serum digoxin level was 35.6 ng/ml and renal function was normal. @entity1 was treated with 1,040 mg of digoxin-specific antibody @entity1334 fragment with prompt resolution of @entity943 and restoration of sinus rhythm. Four hours after digoxin antibody administration, serum digoxin level declined to 0.2 ng/ml. Eighteen hours after treatment with @entity1334 fragment, @entity1 developed @entity1540 , @entity591 with and without @entity713 , and non-sustained @entity1165 followed by @entity2224 from which she was successfully resuscitated. Electrocardiogram showed no evidence of acute @entity583 , and emergent coronary angiogram did not reveal significant @entity453 . Repeat digoxin level was 20.4 ng/ml. A diagnosis of recrudescent digoxin toxicity was made and the @entity1 was treated with one session of plasma exchange with resolution of @entity943 . Immediately after plasma exchange, digoxin level decreased to 10.4 ng/ml, and after 10 h, the level further decreased to 6.6 ng/ml. The following day, digoxin level had decreased to 2.9 ng/ml. Our experience with this case would suggest that plasma exchange should be considered as a treatment modality for recrudescent @entity6838 toxicity.

title: XXXX treated with plasma exchange: a case report and review of literature.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient', 'Patient']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['digitalis toxicity']

entities_list: @entity1165 :: ('MESH:D017180', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity713 :: ('MESH:D054537', 'Disease') :: ['AV junctional rhythm', 'atrioventricular block']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity2224 :: ('MESH:D014693', 'Disease') :: ['ventricular fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity955 :: ('MESH:D001281', 'Disease') :: ['atrial fibrillation']

entities_list: @entity1540 :: ('MESH:D018879', 'Disease') :: ['premature ventricular complexes']

entities_list: @entity453 :: ('MESH:D003324', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery disease']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['myocardial infarction']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['atrial tachycardia with block, sinus pauses']

answer: @entity137 :: (MESH:D064420,Disease) :: ['Recrudescent digoxin toxicity']


abstract: Cardiac rate (CR) and systolic @entity551 ( @entity551 ) response to the intravenous injection of one, two, or three mg @entity1169 were recorded in 77 @entity1 with traumatic, neoplastic, or @entity932 and @entity7129 . In most @entity1 @entity591 occurred with no cause except the @entity1504 ; in the other @entity1 induction of general anaesthesia or surgical procedures on the brain appeared to have an initiating role. A central imbalance, with increased sympathetic cardiotropic influences is suggested and discussed. (I) First administrations of @entity1169 always reduced CR but had different effects on @entity551 from case to case; in all the @entity1 2.05 +/- 0.84 mg of drug lowered CR by 28 +/- 14/min (P less than 0.01), and @entity551 by 4.7 +/- 11 torr. CR decrease and @entity551 changes were without relation to the injected dose. Previous digitalization ( @entity39585 ) did not modify CR response to @entity1169 but reduced (P less than 0.05) its arterial @entity551 action. Positive correlations were found between basal CR and CR decrease (P less than 0.01), basal CR and @entity551 changes (P less than 0.01), CR decrease and @entity551 changes (P less than 0.05). @entity1508 appeared to potentiate CR response (P less than 0.01). (II) CR effect was less when the same dose of @entity1169 was repeated within 90 min (P less than or equal to 0.05). Usefulness and the mode of use of @entity1169 were critically evaluated.

title: @entity1169 in neurosurgical XXXX with @entity7129 . Cardiovascular effects and mode of use.

entities_list: @entity1169 :: ('MESH:D011433', 'Chemical') :: ['propranolol']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhagic intracranial lesions']

entities_list: @entity1508 :: ('MESH:D006221', 'Chemical') :: ['Halothane']

entities_list: @entity1504 :: ('MESH:D002561', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial lesion']

entities_list: @entity591 :: ('MESH:D013610', 'Disease') :: ['tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity551 :: ('MESH:D007022', 'Disease') :: ['ABP', 'hypotensive', 'arterial blood pressure']

entities_list: @entity7129 :: ('MESH:D013616', 'Disease') :: ['sinus tachycardia']

entities_list: @entity39585 :: ('MESH:D003892', 'Chemical') :: ['desacetyllanatoside C']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2400 is a neuroprotective agent that might improve outcome after @entity510 by reducing the occurrence or improving the outcome of delayed @entity1779 . We did a trial to test whether @entity1760 therapy improves outcome after @entity510 . METHODS: We did this phase 3 randomised, placebo-controlled trial in eight centres in Europe and South America. We randomly assigned (with computer-generated random numbers, with permuted blocks of four, stratified by centre) @entity1 aged 18 years or older with an @entity439 pattern of @entity510 on brain imaging who were admitted to hospital within 4 days of @entity548 , to receive intravenous @entity2400 , 64 mmol/day, or placebo. We excluded @entity1 with @entity177 or bodyweight lower than 50 kg. @entity1 , treating physicians, and investigators assessing outcomes and analysing data were masked to the allocation. The primary outcome was poor outcome-defined as a score of 4-5 on the modified Rankin Scale-3 months after @entity510 , or @entity204 . We analysed results by intention to treat. We also updated a previous meta-analysis of trials of @entity1760 treatment for @entity510 . This study is registered with controlled-trials.com (ISRCTN 68742385) and the EU Clinical Trials Register (EudraCT 2006-003523-36). FINDINGS: 1204 @entity1 were enrolled, one of whom had his treatment allocation lost. 606 @entity1 were assigned to the @entity1760 group (two lost to follow-up), 597 to the placebo (one lost to follow-up). 158 @entity1 (26  2%) had poor outcome in the @entity1760 group compared with 151 (25  3%) in the placebo group (risk ratio [RR] 1  03, 95% CI 0  85-1  25). Our updated meta-analysis of seven randomised trials involving 2047 @entity1 shows that @entity1760 is not superior to placebo for reduction of poor outcome after @entity510 (RR 0  96, 95% CI 0  86-1  08). INTERPRETATION: Intravenous @entity2400 does not improve clinical outcome after @entity510 , therefore routine administration of @entity1760 cannot be recommended. FUNDING: Netherlands Heart Foundation, UK Medical Research Council.

title: XXXX for @entity510 (MASH-2): a randomised placebo-controlled trial.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage', 'subarachnoid haemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity177 :: ('MESH:D051437', 'Disease') :: ['renal failure']

entities_list: @entity2400 :: ('CHEBI:32599', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium sulphate', 'Magnesium sulphate']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysmal']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral ischaemia']

entities_list: @entity1760 :: ('MESH:D008274', 'Chemical') :: ['magnesium']

answer: @entity1760 :: (MESH:D008274,Chemical) :: ['Magnesium']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: Recent genetic findings of high-impact genetic variants in @entity162 , @entity161 , and @entity72 ( @entity72 ) must lead to profound changes in genetic and family counseling. The authors present risk calculations, discuss the ethical implications of these findings, and outline the changes now required in the risk counseling process. METHOD: The authors use data from recent mega-analyses and reviews of common and rare risk variants in @entity162 , @entity161 , and @entity72 to calculate risks of illness based on genetic marker tests. They then consider new ethical issues in @entity146 presented by these risks, including within-family conflicts over genetic testing; effects of genetic discoveries on stigma, abortion, preimplantation procedures, and population screening for susceptibility; and genetic tests as a factor in marital choice. RESULTS: New structural mutations (de novo copy number variants [CNVs], which are chromosomal microdeletions and micro-duplications) are present in 4%27% of @entity1 with @entity162 , @entity161 , or @entity72 and can occur almost anywhere in the genome. For a @entity1 with a de novo @entity471 , the absolute risk of @entity162 , @entity161 , or @entity72 is 14%, much higher than the population risk. Rare CNVs have also been identified that are generally not new mutations but constitute very high-effect risk factors, ranging up to 82%. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial minority of @entity1 with @entity162 , @entity161 , and @entity72 have high-impact detectable genetic events. This greatly changes psychiatric genetic counseling for these @entity1 and families. A psychotherapeutic approach may be needed as a routine part of risk counseling, particularly for resolution of ethical issues and for within-family stigma and conflicts over genetic test results.

title: New ethical issues for genetic counseling in common XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'person']

entities_list: @entity162 :: ('MESH:D001714', 'Disease') :: ['bipolar disorder']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['ASD', 'autism spectrum disorder']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity146 :: (MESH:D001523,Disease) :: ['mental disorders']


abstract: STUDY DESIGN: This is a retrospective study of surgical correction of thoracolumbar @entity1513 caused by @entity1691 . OBJECTIVE: To report the surgical results of thoracolumbar @entity85 corrected with transpedicular wedge osteotomy performed by a single surgeon at a university hospital. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: There has not been a large series in the literature reporting on results of the Thomasen-type closing wedge osteotomy for correction of @entity85 secondary to @entity1691 , nor has two-level osteotomy of this type in one @entity1 ever been described. METHODS: From 1991 through 1998, 92 transpedicular wedge osteotomies were performed in 78 @entity1 with @entity1691 for correction of fixed @entity85 . RESULTS: The mean amount of correction for each level of osteotomy was 34.5 degrees (range, 15 degrees -60 degrees ). The largest amount of overall correction for a single @entity1 was 100 degrees. Most of the osteotomies (64 of 92) were done at L2 and L3. Fourteen @entity1 with severe @entity85 required staged two-level osteotomy. Excellent and good results were obtained in 77 @entity1 (98.7%) at the final follow-up. There was no mortality, nor were there any major @entity16 . CONCLUSIONS: Transpedicular wedge osteotomy can effectively and safely correct kyphotic @entity85 caused by @entity1691 , regardless of @entity2003 of the spinal curves. Two-level osteotomy can provide sufficient correction for severe cases.

title: Transpedicular wedge osteotomy for correction of thoracolumbar @entity1513 in XXXX : experience with 78 @entity1 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological complications']

entities_list: @entity1691 :: ('MESH:D013167', 'Disease') :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformity', 'kyphosis deformity', 'deformity of the thoracolumbar spine', 'flexion deformity of the thoracolumbar spine']

answer: @entity1691 :: (MESH:D013167,Disease) :: ['ankylosing spondylitis']


abstract: An aerosol insulin carrier based on the agglomerated vesicle technology that the authors have previously advanced [E. Karathanasis et al. J. Control. Release 103 (2005) 159-175] was evaluated in vivo. The carrier consisted of insulin-loaded liposomes cross-linked via chemical bridges cleavable by @entity462 . It was speculated that the cleavage of the cross links released internal surface area and possibly resulted in the disruption of the liposomal walls. The result was a rapid release of encapsulated insulin upon contact of the insulin carrier with @entity462 . The particles exhibited a small aerodynamic diameter within the respirable range suggesting deposition into the deep lung of @entity1 along with a large geometrical diameter, consistent with long residence time. Indeed the endotracheal instillation of the particles into @entity1602 @entity35 decreased the @entity413 levels rapidly while delivery of @entity462 triggered a further drop of @entity413 implying acceleration of insulin release from the carrier. Euglycemic clamp studies verified the accelerated insulin release upon application of @entity462 .

title: Triggered release of inhaled insulin from the agglomerated vesicles: pharmacodynamic studies in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity462 :: ('MESH:D003545', 'Chemical') :: ['cysteine']

entities_list: @entity1602 :: ('MESH:D006944', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemic']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity35 :: (10116,Species) :: ['rats']


abstract: Serine protease inhibitors (serpins) are evolutionary old, structurally conserved molecules which encompass nearly all branches of life. More than 1,000 serpins were characterized to date which are subdivided into 16 subgroups (A-P) according to their common ancestry; among them, 37 are found in @entity1 . Serpins were termed after their capability to inhibit @entity563 proteases, but mounting evidence suggests that they may achieve a greater deal of functions, ranging from embryological growth to synaptic plasticity, development of both myeloid and lymphoid immune cells, and modulation of apoptosis. Serpins are mainly extracellular molecules, although some of them (namely, ov-serpins or clade B serpins) mostly act inside the cells, being either ubiquitously or tissue-specifically expressed. Among newly characterized serpin functions, regulation of cellular proliferation through apoptosis modulation and proteasome disturbance seems to play a major role. Accordingly, several serpins were found to be hyperexpressed in @entity5 cells. Indeed, apoptosis dysregulation is likely to be a cornerstone in both tumorigenesis and @entity792 , since uncontrolled cellular viability results in @entity5 proliferation, while inefficient disposal of apoptotic debris may favor the rescue of autoreactive immune cells. Such a process was widely documented in @entity1252 ( @entity1252 ). Interestingly, alterations in the expression of some serpins, e.g., the ov-serpin @entity6461 , are being unraveled in @entity1 affected with @entity1252 and other @entity792 , suggesting that a failure in serpin function might affect immune homeostasis and self-tolerance, thereby contributing to @entity792 . Here, we provide an overview of serpin origin, function, and dysfunction, focusing on @entity1 serpins and ov-serpins, with a hub on @entity6461 .

title: Serpins, immunity and XXXX : old molecules, new functions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1252 :: ('MESH:D008180', 'Disease') :: ['SLE', 'systemic lupus erythematosus']

entities_list: @entity563 :: ('CHEBI:17822', 'Chemical') :: ['serine']

entities_list: @entity792 :: ('MESH:D001327', 'Disease') :: ['autoimmunity', 'autoimmune disorders']

answer: @entity792 :: (MESH:D001327,Disease) :: ['autoimmunity']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the changes in the mitochondrial @entity855 production during @entity295 and the participation of @entity13633 in these changes. We also assessed the effect of @entity2493 administration in this experimental paradigm. METHODS: The activity of ATPase, the level of @entity3211 , and the @entity855 production were measured in mitochondria of diaphragm and hind leg skeletal muscle of wild type ( @entity13633 +/+) and knockout @entity13633 ( @entity13633 -/-) @entity19 . Three experimental groups were done: control group; group of septic @entity19 induced by @entity1588 ( @entity1588 ), and group of septic @entity19 treated with @entity2493 . @entity19 were killed 24 hours after @entity1588 . @entity2493 was administrated in four doses (30 mg/kg b.w.) as follows: 30 min before @entity1588 (i.p.) and 30 min, 4 h and 8 h after @entity1588 (s.c.). RESULTS: Mitochondrial production of @entity855 decreased in @entity13633 +/+ but not in @entity13633 -/- @entity19 after @entity295 . No changes in the ATPase activity were found in any group. @entity2493 treatment normalized the production of @entity855 in @entity13633 +/+ @entity19 , without affecting @entity13633 -/- animals. CONCLUSIONS: The reduction of the @entity855 production in @entity13633 +/+ but not in @entity13633 -/- @entity19 suggest the participation of @entity13633 in the impairment of mitochondrial function in the former. Because ATPase was unaffected by @entity295 , it is suggested the @entity855 deficit depended on the @entity295 -induced @entity16 . The normalization of the production of @entity855 with @entity2493 may explain the reduction of the mortality reported elsewhere in experimental and @entity922 after treatment with the @entity3035 .

title: @entity2493 restores the mitochondrial production of @entity855 in septic XXXX .

entities_list: @entity3035 :: ('CHEBI:28626', 'Chemical') :: ['indoleamine']

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory chain damage']

entities_list: @entity2493 :: ('MESH:D008550', 'Chemical') :: ['melatonin', 'Melatonin']

entities_list: @entity1588 :: ('MESH:D002429', 'Disease') :: ['CLP', 'cecal ligation and puncture']

entities_list: @entity922 :: ('MESH:D013568', 'Disease') :: ['clinical sepsis']

entities_list: @entity3211 :: ('MESH:D000227', 'Chemical') :: ['adenine nucleotides']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Neuroadaptations and alterations in neuronal excitability are critical in brain maturation and many @entity16 . @entity2100 ( @entity2100 ) is a pervasive @entity245 characterized by extensive synaptic and circuit dysfunction. It is still unclear about the alterations in intrinsic excitability of individual neurons and their link to hyperexcitable circuitry. In this study, whole cell patch-clamp recordings were employed to characterize the membrane and firing properties of layer IV cells in slices of the somatosensory cortex of @entity34141 knockout (KO) @entity19 . These cells generally exhibited a regular spiking (RS) pattern, while there were significant increases in the number of cells that adopted intrinsic bursting (IB) compared with age-matched @entity164 ( @entity164 ) cells. The cells subgrouped according to their firing patterns and maturation differed significantly in membrane and discharge properties between KO and @entity164 . The changes in the intrinsic properties were consistent with highly facilitated discharges in KO cells induced by current injection. Spontaneous activities of RS neurons driven by local network were also increased in the KO cells, especially in neonate groups. Under an @entity302 mimicked by omission of @entity1025 in extracellular solution, these RS neurons from KO @entity19 were more likely to switch to burst discharges. Analysis on bursts revealed that the KO cells tended to form burst discharges and even severe events manifested as @entity410 -like ictal discharges. These results suggest that alterations in intrinsic properties in individual neurons are involved in the abnormal excitability of cortical circuitry and possibly account for the pathogenesis of @entity302 in @entity2100 .

title: Altered intrinsic properties and bursting activities of neurons in layer IV of somatosensory cortex from @entity34141 knockout XXXX .

entities_list: @entity16 :: ('MESH:D009422', 'Disease') :: ['neurological diseases']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['neurodevelopmental disorder']

entities_list: @entity2100 :: ('MESH:D005600', 'Disease') :: ['FXS', 'Fragile X syndrome']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy', 'epileptiform condition']

answer: @entity19 :: (10090,Species) :: ['mice']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Traditionally, @entity1 have to wait until assessed by a physician for @entity4784 to be administered, which contributes to delays to @entity1337 . Western Hospital developed a protocol enabling nurses to initiate @entity4784 prior to medical assessment for selected conditions. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of this protocol on time to first opioid dose in @entity1 presenting to the @entity341 ( @entity341 ) with @entity8 . METHODS: This was an explicit medical record review of all adult @entity1 with an @entity341 discharge diagnosis of @entity8 presenting to a metropolitan teaching hospital @entity341 . @entity1 were identified via the @entity341 data management system. Data collected included demographics, condition, triage category, time of presentation, whether @entity1337 was nurse-initiated or not, and interval from arrival to first opioid analgesic dose. The narcotic drug register for the relevant period was also searched to cross-check whether opiates were doctor- or nurse-initiated. RESULTS: There were 58 presentations in the nurse-initiated @entity4784 group and 99 in the non-nurse-initiated @entity1337 group. Groups were reasonably well matched for gender, triage category and time of presentation, but there was a higher proportion of biliary colic in the non-nurse-initiated @entity1337 group. Median time to first analgesic dose was 31 minutes in the nurse-initiated group and 57 minutes in the non-nurse-initiated @entity1337 group (effect size, 26 minutes; 95% confidence interval 16-36 min; p < 0.0001]. There were no major adverse events in either group. CONCLUSION: A nurse-initiated @entity4784 protocol reduces delays to @entity4784 for @entity1 with @entity8 .

title: Nurse-initiated, titrated intravenous @entity4784 reduces time to XXXX for selected painful conditions.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity8 :: ('MESH:D007674', 'Disease') :: ['renal and biliary colic', 'renal or biliary colic']

entities_list: @entity341 :: ('MESH:D004630', 'Disease') :: ['emergency department', 'ED']

entities_list: @entity4784 :: ('MESH:D009293', 'Disease') :: ['opioid analgesia']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['analgesia']

answer: @entity1337 :: (MESH:D000699,Disease) :: ['analgesia']


abstract: The recent genome-wide association studies reveal that chromosome 3q resides within the linkage region for @entity2316 ( @entity2316 ) in type 1 and @entity6 (T1D and @entity2175 ). The @entity7012 gene is on chromosome 3q22-24, and it has been demonstrated that @entity7012 expression is reduced in the kidney of @entity6 animal models. Genetic association of @entity7012 polymorphism with T1D and @entity2316 has been reported in European Americans. However, there are no studies reporting the association of @entity7012 genetic polymorphism with @entity2175 with and without @entity2316 in Chinese population. This study aimed to demonstrate the genetic role of @entity7012 in the development of @entity2175 with and without @entity2316 in Chinese Han population. A genetic association study of @entity7012 was performed in @entity2175 cases and in nondiabetic controls from Han population located in Northern Chinese areas. Six tag single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers derived from HapMap data were genotyped. Among the six SNPs, only @entity41862 was suspected as risk factor of @entity2175 without @entity2316 , fitting the log-additive model. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for the CC genotyping was 2.39 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.00-5.68), compared with the TT genotyping. In addition, @entity41863 was found to be a protective factor of getting @entity2316 in @entity2175 , also fitting the log-additive model. When compared with the AA genotyping for SNP @entity41863 , the adjusted OR for CC genotyping was 0.63 (95% CI = 0.44-0.99). To summarize, this study shows that @entity7012 genetic polymorphisms are associated with @entity2175 and @entity2316 in @entity2175 in the Han Chinese population.

title: Association of XXXX gene polymorphisms with type 2 @entity6 and @entity2316 in Han Chinese population.

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic', 'type 2 diabetes mellitus']

entities_list: @entity2316 :: ('MESH:D003928', 'Disease') :: ['diabetic nephropathy', 'DN']

answer: @entity7012 :: (7220,Gene) :: ['TRPC1']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2867 ( @entity2867 ) is a highly aggressive malignancy of the @entity1374 . @entity1 at our institution are treated with external radiotherapy up to 46 Gray (Gy) and low-dose @entity632 prior to surgery. We retrospectively evaluated the outcome of @entity2867 @entity1 over a 13-year period. METHODS: Clinical, histopathological, and follow-up data for 59 @entity1 diagnosed between 1997 and 2010 were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Median age at diagnosis was 77 years. Female-male ratio was 2.5:1. Median survival from time of diagnosis was 3.3 months. Thirty-six @entity1 completed the treatment protocol (including surgery), of whom one succumbed due to local @entity5 growth. In multivariate analysis, the only factor significantly associated with longer survival among operated @entity1 was absence of @entity3 at diagnosis (P   =   0.031). No impact on survival time was found for gender, extent of surgical resection, and absence of extrathyroidal invasion. CONCLUSIONS: Despite aggressive treatment, survival rates in @entity2867 @entity1 remain low. Locoregional control is feasible for most @entity1 , underscoring the importance of an intense, multimodal treatment regimen. Further oncological intervention is of crucial importance to achieve a better prognosis for @entity2867 @entity1 .

title: Anaplastic carcinoma of the XXXX : treatment and outcome over 13 years at one institution.

entities_list: @entity632 :: ('MESH:D004317', 'Chemical') :: ['doxorubicin']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastases']

entities_list: @entity2867 :: ('MESH:D065646', 'Disease') :: ['ATC', 'Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma']

entities_list: @entity1374 :: ('MESH:D013959', 'Disease') :: ['thyroid gland']

answer: @entity1374 :: (MESH:D013959,Disease) :: ['thyroid gland']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Giant and complex @entity439 are increasingly treated with the Pipeline Embolization Device (PED). However, clinical experience with the device remains preliminary. OBJECTIVE: To report the first case of a delayed @entity4222 of an intracranial PED. METHODS: A 61-year-old @entity1 with a known large right cavernous internal carotid artery @entity439 had a 3-month history of @entity158 . She underwent uneventful treatment of her @entity439 with the PED. RESULTS: Five months after the procedure, the @entity1 's @entity158 recurred. On the routine 6-month follow-up angiography, there was proximal PED @entity4222 , with the distal end of the device projecting directly into the @entity439 and creating a jet of contrast against the @entity439 sac. The @entity4222 distance was more than 1 cm, and there was significant foreshortening of the device. A second, overlapping PED was successfully deployed within the first PED to bridge the neck of the @entity439 and redirect the flow jet away from the @entity439 sac. Complete resolution of the @entity1 's symptoms was noted 4 weeks later. CONCLUSION: Delayed proximal @entity4222 may occur after placement of a PED. Accurate stent sizing and adequate apposition to the vessel wall may minimize the occurrence of this undesirable phenomenon. If there is any concern regarding the position of the PED, early imaging follow-up may be indicated.

title: Delayed XXXX of a pipeline embolization device.

entities_list: @entity4222 :: ('MESH:D014085', 'Disease') :: ['migration']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['woman', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity439 :: ('MESH:D000783', 'Disease') :: ['aneurysms', 'aneurysm']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['pain', 'increasing retro-orbital pain']

answer: @entity4222 :: (MESH:D014085,Disease) :: ['migration']


abstract: PURPOSE: To examine a relationship between serum @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) values and @entity1207 ( @entity1207 ). METHODS AND MATERIALS: We conducted a prospective analysis of the development of @entity1207 in 39 @entity1 with American Joint Committee on @entity5 treated with lumpectomy and accelerated partial breast irradiation via intracavitary brachytherapy (IBAPBI). An enzyme-linked immunoassay (Quantikine, R_D, Minneapolis, MN) was used to measure serum @entity2533 before surgery, before IBAPBI, and during IBAPBI. Blood samples for @entity2533 were also collected from 15 healthy, nontreated @entity1 (controls). The previously validated tissue compliance meter (TCM) was used to objectively assess @entity1207 . RESULTS: The median time to follow-up for 39 @entity1 was 44 months (range, 5-59 months). @entity1207 was graded by the TCM scale as 0, 1, 2, and 3 in 5 of 20 @entity1 (25%), 6 of 20 @entity1 (30%), 5 of 20 @entity1 (25%), and 4 of 20 @entity1 (20%), respectively. The mean serum @entity2533 values were significantly higher in @entity1 before surgery than in disease-free controls, as follows: all @entity5 @entity1 (30,201    5889 pg/mL, P=.02); @entity1 with any type of @entity1207 (32,273    5016 pg/mL, P<.0001); and @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity1207 (34,462    4713 pg/mL, P<0.0001). @entity1 with moderate to severe @entity1207 had significantly elevated @entity2533 levels when compared with those with none to mild @entity1207 before surgery (P=.0014) during IBAPBI (P <=0001), and the elevation persisted at 6 months (P <=.001), 12 months (P <=.001), 18 months (P <=.001), and 24 months (P=.12). A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of @entity2533 values predicting moderate to severe @entity1207 was generated with an area under the curve (AUC)ROC of 0.867 (95% confidence interval 0.700-1.000). The @entity2533 threshold cutoff was determined to be 31,000 pg/mL, with associated sensitivity and specificity of 77.8% and 90.0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: @entity2533 levels correlate with the development of moderate to severe @entity1207 . The pre-IBAPBI mean @entity2533 levels can serve as an early biomarker for the development of moderate to severe @entity1207 after IBAPBI.

title: @entity2533 ( @entity2533 ) is a serum biomarker of radiation induced fibrosis in XXXX treated with intracavitary accelerated partial breast irradiation: preliminary results of a prospective study.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2533 :: ('7040', 'Gene') :: ['transforming growth factor b -1', 'TGF-b1']

entities_list: @entity1207 :: ('MESH:D017564', 'Disease') :: ['RIF', 'radiation-induced fibrosis']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'Cancer stage 0-I breast cancer']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: The present study was conducted to investigate the metabolic regulation of the oxidation of branched-chain @entity1522 (BCAA) by exercise in @entity1 skeletal muscle. Five trained male volunteers were exercised on a cycle ergometer at 70% +/- 10% (mean +/- SD) of their maximal @entity26 consumption (VO2max). Percutaneous quadriceps muscle biopsies were obtained under local anaesthesia at rest and after 30 and 120 min of exercise. In the muscle samples the active and total amount of the branched-chain @entity21640 dehydrogenase complex (BC-complex), the regulatory enzyme in the oxidative pathway of the BCAA, were measured. Glycogen content and activity of mitochondrial marker enzymes were also measured. Blood samples were obtained every 20 min for the measurement of metabolites. Heart rate and rated perceived exertion on the Borg scale were recorded every 10 min. At rest 4.0% +/- 2.5% of the BC complex was active, after 30 min of exercise 9.9% +/- 9.0% and after 120 min 17.5% +/- 8.5% (mean +/- SD). Exercise did not change the total activity. The largest activation was seen in two of the subjects who developed higher blood lactates early on during exercise and decreased their muscle glycogen more (indications of anaerobic metabolism). These data demonstrate that in trained individuals significant increases in the activity of the BC-complex occur only after prolonged intense exercise. In spite of the 4-fold activation, the data support the classical view that @entity1522 and protein do not contribute substantially as an energy source during exercise, since @entity4962 increased more than 20-fold.

title: Exercise-induced activation of the branched-chain @entity21640 dehydrogenase in XXXX muscle.

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity26 :: ('MESH:D010100', 'Chemical') :: ['oxygen']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND AND AIMS: @entity6817 are prescribed for their preventative effects within @entity731 development. To our knowledge, no study focusing on very low-dose (non-hypolipidemic effect) and long-term @entity2993 treatment in  vivo was available. Our aim was to assess the effect of such @entity2993 treatment on the mechanical and functional characteristics of arteries in the context of primary prevention. METHODS: An @entity2993 treatment (2.5  mg/kg/day) was tested against controls on 34 male 3 to 12 month-old WHHL @entity95 . No effect on total @entity165 , @entity1674 , HDL or LDL was observed. The arterial stiffness was evaluated on vigil animals by pulse wave velocity ( @entity122 ) measurement. Then, in  vitro measurements were made to evaluate (1) the endothelial and vascular smooth muscle function, (2) the elasticity of the arterial wall and (3) the composition in collagen and @entity2362 in the aorta. RESULTS: The @entity122 increasing observed with age in control group was canceled by treatment, creating a significance difference between groups at 12 months (5.17      0.50 vs 2.14      0.34  m  s(-1) in control and treated groups respectively). Vasoreactivity modifications can't explain this result but maintain of elasticity with treatment in large arteries was confirm by a static tensile test. A first possible explanation is the change of wall composition with treatment, validated by the percentage of @entity2362 at 12 months, 4.4% lower in the control group compared to the treated group (p  <  0.05). CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that a non-hypocholesterolemic statin treatment could improve vessel elasticity in the @entity731 model. The great novelty of this work is the vessel wall composition changing associated. This first approach in animal opens the reflection on the use of these low doses in @entity1 . This could be interesting in the context of arterial stiffening with aging, non-hyperlipidemic @entity731 or with @entity165 reduce by another therapy or lifestyle modification.

title: A non-hypocholesterolemic XXXX treatment improves vessel elasticity by acting on elastin composition in WHHL @entity95 .

entities_list: @entity1674 :: ('MESH:D014280', 'Chemical') :: ['triglycerides']

entities_list: @entity2993 :: ('MESH:C065179', 'Chemical') :: ['atorvastatin']

entities_list: @entity731 :: ('MESH:D050197', 'Disease') :: ['atherosclerosis', 'atherosclerotic WHHL']

entities_list: @entity165 :: ('MESH:D002784', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol']

answer: @entity2993 :: (MESH:C065179,Chemical) :: ['atorvastatin']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity1 and @entity1 with @entity173 have higher short-term mortality. This study investigated mortality risk over two decades post- @entity174 ; excess mortality remained high in @entity1 up to 10  years and in @entity1 up to 20  years. @entity65 ( @entity65 ) and @entity55 were leading causes of @entity204 with a long-term doubling of risk. INTRODUCTION: @entity173 are associated with increased mortality, particularly short term. In this study with a two-decade follow-up, we examined mortality and cause of @entity204 compared to the background population. METHODS: We followed 1013 @entity173 @entity1 and 2026 matched community controls for 22  years. Mortality, excess mortality, and cause of @entity204 were analyzed and stratified for age and sex. Hazard ratio (HR) was estimated by Cox regression. A competing risk model was fitted to estimate HR for common causes of @entity204 ( @entity65 , @entity5 , @entity55 ) in the short and long term (>1  year). RESULTS: For both sexes and at all ages, mortality was higher in @entity173 @entity1 across the observation period with @entity1 losing most life years (p   <   0.001). Mortality risk was higher for up to 15  years ( @entity1 (risk ratio (RR) 1.9 [95  % confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.1]); @entity1 (RR 2.8 [2.2-3.5])) and until end of follow-up ((RR 1.8 [1.6-2.0]); (RR 2.7 [2.1-3.3])). Excess mortality by time intervals, censored for the first year, was evident in @entity1 (<80  years, up to 10  years; >80  years, for 5  years) and in @entity1 <80  years throughout. @entity65 and @entity55 were predominant causes of @entity204 in @entity1 and @entity1 with an associated higher risk in all age groups. Pneumonia caused excess mortality in @entity1 over the entire observation period. CONCLUSION: In a remaining lifetime perspective, all-cause and excess mortality after @entity173 was higher even over two decades of follow-up. @entity65 and @entity55 reduce life expectancy for the remaining lifetime and highlights the need to further improve post- @entity174 management.

title: @entity173 , mortality risk, and cause of XXXX over two decades.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'patients', 'Men', 'men']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fracture']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity173 :: ('MESH:D006620', 'Disease') :: ['hip fracture', 'Hip fractures']

entities_list: @entity65 :: ('MESH:D002318', 'Disease') :: ['Cardiovascular disease', 'CVD']

answer: @entity204 :: (MESH:D003643,Disease) :: ['death']