abstract: INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Correction of @entity6675 may be accomplished by either primary or staged closure or even delayed primary closure after the use of a preformed silo. However, there is neither a consensus on the best approach nor established criteria to favor one method over the other. The aim of this paper was to investigate the role of intravesical pressure (IVP) as a tool to prevent @entity8479 in newborns undergoing correction of abdominal wall defects. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 45 newborns with @entity6675 in whom trans-operative intravesical pressure was used to choose between primary or staged closure. A threshold of 20 cm @entity2507 was used and the outcomes between the two methods were compared. RESULTS: In 24 @entity1 delayed primary closure was achieved while the remaining 21 underwent staged reduction and closure. There was no difference in the frequency of complications, time to begin oral feeding, length of parenteral nutrition or length of hospital stay between the @entity1 of the two groups. The incidence of temporary @entity1458 or @entity1696 , averaged 33% and it was similar in both groups of @entity1 . CONCLUSION: The data here presented suggests that monitoring intraoperative IVP during correction of @entity6675 may help to select @entity1 in whom staged closure is necessary, keeping their complication rate and overall outcome similar to that of @entity1 undergoing delayed primary closure. Further prospective studies should investigate more deeply the correlation between type of closure and the development of a @entity2054 .

title: Monitoring intravesical pressure during XXXX closure. Does it help to decide between delayed primary or staged closure?

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity8479 :: ('MESH:D059325', 'Disease') :: ['abdominal compartment syndrome']

entities_list: @entity6675 :: ('MESH:D020139', 'Disease') :: ['gastroschisis']

entities_list: @entity2054 :: ('MESH:D003161', 'Disease') :: ['compartment syndrome']

answer: @entity6675 :: (MESH:D020139,Disease) :: ['gastroschisis']


abstract: @entity239 is a @entity1118 that is associated with maladaptive plasticity in neural central circuits. One of the neural circuits that are involved in @entity158 in @entity239 is the primary motor cortex. We tested a combination intervention that aimed to modulate the motor system: transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) and aerobic exercise (AE). In this phase II, sham-controlled randomized clinical trial, 45 subjects were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: tDCS + AE, AE only, and tDCS only. The following outcomes were assessed: intensity of @entity158 , level of @entity148 , quality of life, mood, pressure @entity158 threshold, and cortical plasticity, as indexed by transcranial magnetic stimulation. There was a significant effect for the group-time interaction for intensity of @entity158 , demonstrating that tDCS/AE was superior to AE [F (13, 364) = 2.25, p = 0.007] and tDCS [F (13, 364) = 2.33, p = 0.0056] alone. Post-hoc adjusted analysis showed a difference between tDCS/AE and tDCS group after the first week of stimulation and after 1 month intervention period (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively). Further, after treatment there was a significant difference between groups in @entity148 and mood levels. The combination treatment effected the greatest response. The three groups had no differences regarding responses in motor cortex plasticity, as assessed by TMS. The combination of tDCS with aerobic exercise is superior compared with each individual intervention (cohen's d effect sizes > 0.55). The combination intervention had a significant effect on @entity158 , @entity148 and mood. Based on the similar effects on cortical plasticity outcomes, the combination intervention might have affected other neural circuits, such as those that control the affective-emotional aspects of @entity158 . TRIAL REGISTRATION: (www.ClinicalTrials.gov), identifier NTC02358902.

title: Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Combined with Aerobic Exercise to Optimize Analgesic Responses in XXXX : A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial.

entities_list: @entity239 :: ('MESH:D005356', 'Disease') :: ['Fibromyalgia', 'fibromyalgia']

entities_list: @entity1118 :: ('MESH:D059350', 'Disease') :: ['chronic pain syndrome']

answer: @entity239 :: (MESH:D005356,Disease) :: ['Fibromyalgia']


abstract: CONTEXT: Cannabinoid CB(1) receptor blockade decreases weight and @entity3190 in @entity28 animals and @entity1 in a way greatly independent from food intake. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to investigate the regulation and function of the endocannabinoid system in adipocytes and pancreatic beta-cells. DESIGN, SETTING, AND @entity1 : @entity19 3T3-F442A adipocytes and @entity35 insulinoma @entity35 beta-cells, pancreas and fat from @entity19 with diet-induced @entity28 , visceral and sc fat from @entity1 with body mass index equal to or greater than 30 kg/m(2), and serum from normoglycemic and type 2 @entity6 @entity1 were studied. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Endocannabinoid enzyme and adipocyte protein expression, and endocannabinoid and insulin levels were measured. RESULTS: Endocannabinoids are present in adipocytes with levels peaking before differentiation, and in @entity35 beta-cells, where they are under the negative control of insulin. Chronic treatment of adipocytes with insulin is accompanied by permanently elevated endocannabinoid signaling, whereas culturing of @entity35 beta-cells in high @entity413 transforms insulin down-regulation of endocannabinoid levels into up-regulation. Epididymal fat and pancreas from @entity19 with diet-induced @entity28 contain higher endocannabinoid levels than lean @entity19 . @entity1 with @entity28 or @entity4854 caused by type 2 @entity6 exhibit higher concentrations of endocannabinoids in visceral fat or serum, respectively, than the corresponding controls. CB(1) receptor stimulation increases lipid droplets and decreases adiponectin expression in adipocytes, and it increases intracellular @entity460 and insulin release in @entity35 beta-cells kept in high @entity413 . CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral endocannabinoid overactivity might explain why CB(1) blockers cause weight-loss independent reduction of lipogenesis, of @entity17211 , and of @entity3190 in @entity28 animals and @entity1 .

title: Regulation, function, and dysregulation of endocannabinoids in models of adipose and beta-pancreatic cells and in XXXX and @entity4854 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'humans', 'patients', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity17211 :: ('MESH:C567258', 'Disease') :: ['hypoadiponectinemia']

entities_list: @entity28 :: ('MESH:D009765', 'Disease') :: ['obese', 'obesity']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity3190 :: ('MESH:D006946', 'Disease') :: ['hyperinsulinemia']

entities_list: @entity460 :: ('MESH:D002118', 'Chemical') :: ['calcium']

entities_list: @entity4854 :: ('MESH:D006943', 'Disease') :: ['hyperglycemia']

entities_list: @entity413 :: ('MESH:D005947', 'Chemical') :: ['glucose']

answer: @entity28 :: (MESH:D009765,Disease) :: ['obesity']


abstract: BACKGROUND: @entity2926 is an infectious disease transmitted by animals. Death occurs in about five per cent of the @entity1 . In clinical practice, @entity3403 is widely used for prevention. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of any antibiotic regimen versus placebo or other antibiotic regimens in the prophylaxis of @entity2926 . SEARCH STRATEGY: The sources used were: EMBASE, LILACS, MEDLINE, SCISEARCH, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, The Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group Controlled Trials Register, bibliographies of published papers, and personal communication with authors. There were no language or date restrictions in any of the searches. SELECTION CRITERIA:                 <AbstractText Label="STUDIES" NlmCategory="METHODS">All randomised clinical trials in which antibiotics were used as prophylactic regimen for @entity2926 . @entity1 : @entity1 potentially exposed to @entity2926 , such as @entity1 in endemic areas during the rainy season, health professionals and other professionals with high risk of @entity281 . INTERVENTION: Any antibiotic regimen compared with a control group (placebo or another antibiotic regimen). OUTCOMES: Infection (primary outcome) and adverse events (secondary outcome). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data were independently extracted and methodological quality of each trial was assessed by two reviewers as well as cross-checked. Details of the randomisation (generation and concealment), blinding, and the number of @entity1 lost to follow-up were recorded. The results of each trial were summarised on an intention-to-treat basis in 2 x 2 tables for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS: Two trials comparing @entity3403 with placebo met the inclusion criteria. We did not find trials comparing @entity3403 versus other antibiotics, or other antibiotics versus placebo. One of the trials had excellent methodological quality. In the other trial, the allocation concealment process, generation of allocation sequence, and blinding methods were not described.Of the 1022 @entity1 enrolled, 509 were treated with @entity3403 and 513 with placebo. Of these, 940 @entity1 were soldiers included in one trial. The @entity1 assigned to the antibiotics group compared with the ones assigned to the placebo group showed: Symptomatic, verified @entity2926 : 0.6% (3/509) versus 4.9% (25/ 513); risk difference (random effects model) -4.1%, 95% confidence interval -5.9% to -2.3%. Number needed-to-treat 24 (95% confidence interval 17 to 43). Adverse effects: 3% (13/469 @entity1 ) versus 0.2% (1/471 @entity1 ); random effects model 2.6%, 95% confidence interval 1.0% to 4.1%. Number needed-to-harm 39 (95% confidence interval 25 to 100). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Prophylaxis of @entity2926 may be achieved by administration of @entity3403 to soldiers training in endemic areas with a high risk of exposure to @entity2926 . Whether these findings apply to other scenarios or not remains to be proven.

title: WITHDRAWN: Antibiotics for preventing XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients', 'PARTICIPANTS', 'people', 'People']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['infection']

entities_list: @entity3403 :: ('MESH:D004318', 'Chemical') :: ['doxycycline']

entities_list: @entity2926 :: ('MESH:D007922', 'Disease') :: ['leptospirosis', 'Leptospirosis']

answer: @entity2926 :: (MESH:D007922,Disease) :: ['leptospirosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Current thrombolytic therapies utilize exogenous plasminogen activators (PAs) to effectively lyse clots, restoring blood flow, and preventing tissue and organ death. These PAs may also impair normal hemostasis, leading to life-threatening @entity548 , including @entity1779 . AIMS: This study aims to develop new @entity715 -targeted fibrinolytic agents that harness the multifunctional theranostic capabilities of nanomaterials, potentially allowing for the generation of efficacious thrombolytics while minimizing deleterious side effects. MATERIALS _ METHODS: A @entity715 -targeted nano-fibrinolytic agent was synthesized using a magnetofluorescent crosslinked dextran-coated @entity1933 nanoparticle platform that was conjugated to recombinant tissue PA (tPA). Thrombus-targeting was achieved by derivatizing the nanoparticle with an activated factor XIII (FXIIIa)-sensitive peptide. @entity1 plasma clot binding ability of the targeted and control agents was assessed by fluorescence reflectance imaging. Next, the in vitro enzymatic activity of the agents was assessed by @entity30772 -based amidolytic activity, and an ELISA D-dimer assay for fibrinolysis. In vivo targeting of the nanoagent was next examined by intravital fluorescence microscopy of @entity19 arterial and @entity49 . The fibrinolytic activity of the targeted nanoagent compared to free tPA was then evaluated in vivo in @entity19 @entity1151 . RESULTS: In vitro, the targeted thrombolytic nanoagent demonstrated superior binding to fresh-frozen plasma clots compared to control nanoagents (analysis of variance, p < 0.05). When normalized by @entity30772 -based amidolytic activity, targeted, control and free tPA samples demonstrated equivalent in vitro fibrinolytic activity against @entity1 plasma clots, as determined by ELISA D-dimer assays. The FXIIIa targeted fibrinolytic nanoagent efficiently bound the margin of intravascular thrombi as detected by intravital fluorescence microscopy. In in vivo fibrinolysis studies the FXIIIa-targeted agent @entity1151 with similar efficacy as free tPA (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The applicability of a FXIIIa-targeted thrombolytic nanoagent in the treatment of @entity1031 was demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Future studies are planned to investigate the safety profile and overall efficacy of this class of nanoagents.

title: Multifunctional nanoagent for XXXX -targeted fibrinolytic therapy.

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity1933 :: ('MESH:C000499', 'Chemical') :: ['iron oxide']

entities_list: @entity49 :: ('MESH:D019851', 'Disease') :: ['venous thrombosis']

entities_list: @entity1151 :: ('MESH:D011655', 'Disease') :: ['lysed pulmonary emboli', 'pulmonary embolism']

entities_list: @entity1031 :: ('MESH:D013923', 'Disease') :: ['thromboembolism']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombus']

entities_list: @entity1779 :: ('MESH:D002543', 'Disease') :: ['intracerebral hemorrhage']

answer: @entity715 :: (MESH:D013927,Disease) :: ['thrombus']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Overdosing is an accessible method adopted by @entity1 attempting suicide in city settings. AIMS: This study aimed to compare the trends and characteristics of @entity1 attempting suicide by drug @entity1445 and by other methods in Singapore. METHODS: This study examined the medical records of 628 @entity1 who were admitted to a university hospital in Singapore, between January 2004 and December 2006. @entity1 were classified as @entity1445 and non- @entity1445 @entity1 attempting suicide for comparisons of demographic and suicidal characteristics. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratios of various factors associated with self-perceived lethality of the suicide attempt. Patterns of monthly and weekly variations in the frequencies of suicide attempts were also analyzed. RESULTS: The percentages of Chinese @entity1 was higher in the non- @entity1445 group (71.5% vs. 62.9%), while the percentages of Malay and Indian @entity1 were higher in the @entity1445 group (31.6% vs. 18.5%). The female gender (OR=0.36, p=0.04) and admission of suicide intention (OR=7.11, p<0.001) were significantly associated with higher perceived lethality of the suicide method in the non- @entity1445 group. Suicide attempts occurred more frequently between May and November, and on Tuesdays. CONCLUSIONS: Gender and ethnic differences between @entity1445 and non- @entity1445 @entity1 attempting suicide were found. Temporal variations of suicidal cases were also noted.

title: Characteristics of XXXX and non- @entity1445 suicide attempts in a multi-ethnic Asian society.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'people', 'persons']

answer: @entity1445 :: (MESH:D062787,Disease) :: ['overdose']


abstract: PURPOSE: A review of the avian @entity778 , including @entity1 cases, viral transmission, clinical features, vaccines and antivirals, surveillance plans, infection control, and emergency response plans, is presented. SUMMARY: The World Health Organization (WHO) considers the avian @entity778 a public health risk with pandemic potential. The next @entity1 @entity683 pandemic, if caused by the avian @entity778 , is estimated to have a potential mortality rate of more than a hundred million. Outbreaks in poultry have been associated with @entity1 transmission. WHO has documented 258 confirmed @entity1 infections with a mortality rate greater than 50%. Bird-to- @entity1 transmission of the avian @entity683 virus is likely by the oral-fecal route. The most effective defense against an @entity683 pandemic would be a directed vaccine to elicit a specific immune response toward the strain or strains of the @entity683 virus. However, until there is an @entity683 pandemic, there is no evidence that vaccines or antivirals used in the treatment or prevention of such an outbreak would decrease morbidity or mortality. Surveillance of the bird and @entity1 populations for the highly pathogenic H5N1 is being conducted. Infection-control measures and an emergency response plan are discussed. CONCLUSION: Avian @entity683 virus A/H5N1 is a public health threat that has the potential to cause @entity221 and @entity204 in @entity1 . Understanding its pathology, transmission, clinical features, and pharmacologic treatments and preparing for the prevention and management of its outbreak will help avoid its potentially devastating consequences.

title: Avian XXXX : a review.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'human']

entities_list: @entity778 :: ('MESH:D015658', 'Disease') :: ['influenza A/H5N1 virus']

entities_list: @entity683 :: ('MESH:D007251', 'Disease') :: ['influenza']

entities_list: @entity221 :: ('MESH:D005334', 'Disease') :: ['serious illness']

answer: @entity683 :: (MESH:D007251,Disease) :: ['influenza']


abstract: PURPOSE: Inflammatory, angiogenic and oxidative stress markers have been explored in @entity213 ( @entity213 ) @entity1 before and during radiochemotherapy. Furthermore, the effects of an oral supplementation containing @entity1522 ,   -3 @entity1718 , @entity10731 , @entity2221 , and antioxidants on biological markers and acute @entity137 were investigated. METHODS: Thirty-one @entity1 with non-metastatic stage III or IV @entity213 treated with concomitant radiochemotherapy were recruited. A nutritional support (Oral Impact) was given during 5 days before each cycle of chemotherapy. Biological samples were collected at baseline, after 5 days of oral supplementation and before the last cycle of chemotherapy. Acute phase proteins levels, proteomic cytokines determination and urinary @entity10329 levels were used as inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers. @entity137 were followed up during radiochemotherapy. RESULTS: At baseline, median levels of inflammatory (CRP 9.8 mg/l [0.8-130.1], IL-6 4.2 pg/ml [0.7-126.5]), pro-angiogenic (VEGF 229.5 pg/ml [13.1-595.9]) and pro-oxidative stress (urinary @entity10329 118 pmol/mmol @entity1011 [51-299]) markers were increased. Decrease in CRP (p = 0.002) and a-1 acid glycoprotein (p = 0.020) levels were observed after 5 days of oral supplementation. During radiochemotherapy, no significant variation of inflammatory markers was reported, and a low incidence of severe @entity33 was noted. CONCLUSIONS: Stage III or IV @entity213 @entity1 are characterised by a pro-inflammatory, pro-angiogenic and pro-oxidative status. Nutritional support could improve this inflammatory state and could prevent severe @entity33 .

title: Immunonutrition before and during radiochemotherapy: improvement of inflammatory parameters in head and neck cancer XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity1522 :: ('CHEBI:33709', 'Chemical') :: ['amino acids']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicities', 'Toxicities']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['acute mucositis']

entities_list: @entity10731 :: ('CHEBI:33697', 'Chemical') :: ['ribonucleic acids']

entities_list: @entity10329 :: ('MESH:D028421', 'Chemical') :: ['isoprostanes']

entities_list: @entity2221 :: ('CHEBI:33229', 'Chemical') :: ['vitamins']

entities_list: @entity1011 :: ('MESH:D003404', 'Chemical') :: ['creatinine']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

entities_list: @entity213 :: ('MESH:C535575', 'Disease') :: ['HNSCC', 'head and neck squamous cell carcinoma']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of @entity14839 transfer protein gene ( @entity28371 ) TaqIB polymorphism on serum lipid ratios and their responses to high- @entity1735 /low-fat (HC/LF) diet in healthy youth. METHODS: After on regular diet for 7 days, 56 health youth [(22.89+/-1.80) years] were given HC/LF diet for 6 days. The regular diet contained 54% @entity1735 , 15% protein, and 31% fat of the total energy. The LF/HC diet contained 70% @entity1735 , 15% protein, and 15% fat of the total energy. The serum lipids were measured on the 1st, the 8th and the 14th day. The ratios of TG/HDL-C, log (TG/HDL-C), TC/HDL-C, and LDL-C/HDL-C were calculated. The polymorphism of @entity28371 was analyzed by PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS: No significant difference was found of the lipid ratios at baseline in subjects with different genotypes in both genders. After the regular diet, TC/HDL-C was significantly lower in males carrying the B2 allele than B1B1 homozygotes (P<0.05). After HC/LF diet, no significant difference was found of the lipid ratios between the subjects with different genotypes in the whole study population or in males and females separately. Compared with those before HC/LF diet, subjects with B1B1 genotype experienced significant changes of the four lipid ratios after HC/LF diet (P<0.05), while the B2 carriers had only significant decrease of TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C (P<0.05). No significant difference of the changes of the four lipid ratios before and after HC/LF diet was found between the subjects with different genotypes. When gender was taken into account, significant increases of TG/HDL-C and log (TG/HDL-C) were found in females with B1B1 genotype (P<0.05). All the subjects experienced significant decrease of TC/HDL-C and LDL-C/HDL-C regardless of gender and genotype (P<0.05). As for the changes of lipid ratios before and after HC/LF diet, difference of only TC/HDL-C was found between males with B1B1 and male carriers of B2 (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Polymorphism of @entity28371 TaqIB may influence the response of TC/HDL-C to HC/LF diet in males and the increases of TG/HDL-C and log (TG/HDL-C) induced by HC/LF diet in females.

title: [Effects of XXXX transfer protein taqIB polymorphism on changes of serum lipid ratios induced by high- @entity1735 /low-fat diet in healthy youth].

entities_list: @entity14839 :: ('CHEBI:17002', 'Chemical') :: ['cholesterol ester']

entities_list: @entity1735 :: ('CHEBI:16646', 'Chemical') :: ['carbohydrate']

answer: @entity14839 :: (CHEBI:17002,Chemical) :: ['cholesterol ester']


abstract: A segmental wall motion abnormality is an unusual finding in @entity1 with @entity1121 . To clarify its clinical significance, 48 @entity1 with @entity1121 were analyzed. Eight @entity1 (Group A) had @entity4148 ; 40 (Group B) had normal wall motion. No @entity1 in either group had @entity3979 on selective coronary arteriography. In all @entity1 in Group A, @entity4148 was revealed by left ventriculography; however, it could be detected by echocardiography in only two @entity1 in Group A. @entity4346 by electrocardiogram (ECG) was more common in Group B (p less than 0.05). Abnormal Q waves were more frequently discovered in Group A (p less than 0.005) and were recognized predominantly in the lateral leads. On serial ECGs, a gradual development of abnormal Q waves was noted in six of eight @entity1 in Group A. Malignant @entity943 were more common in Group A (p less than 0.001). In two @entity1 in Group A, @entity5988 and @entity712 developed during the follow-up period. Thus, the presence of a Q wave in the lateral leads on an ECG in @entity1 with @entity1121 may indicate the presence of @entity4148 . Left ventriculography should be performed to examine the presence of this abnormality and 24 h ambulatory ECG monitoring should be done to detect malignant @entity943 in @entity1 who have abnormal Q waves in the lateral leads. @entity1 with this unique type of @entity1121 need careful follow-up evaluation.

title: XXXX in @entity1121 : subgroup with unique clinical features.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity712 :: ('MESH:D006333', 'Disease') :: ['congestive heart failure']

entities_list: @entity943 :: ('MESH:D001145', 'Disease') :: ['arrhythmias']

entities_list: @entity5988 :: ('MESH:C565277', 'Disease') :: ['left ventricular dilation']

entities_list: @entity3979 :: ('MESH:D023921', 'Disease') :: ['coronary artery stenosis']

entities_list: @entity4148 :: ('MESH:D001342', 'Disease') :: ['apical segmental dysfunction']

entities_list: @entity4346 :: ('MESH:D017379', 'Disease') :: ['Left ventricular hypertrophy']

entities_list: @entity1121 :: ('MESH:D002312', 'Disease') :: ['hypertrophic cardiomyopathy']

answer: @entity4148 :: (MESH:D001342,Disease) :: ['Apical segmental dysfunction']


abstract: In the previous report the theoretical background and technical details of the isocount scanning were described. Based on clinical experiences of various @entity75 , the newly developed scanning method was confirmed to be more useful than the conventional scintiscanning. Besides the new scanning method, a new display system was also developed for the sake of more precise analysis of the isocount scanned data. This display method is called multilevel analysis or multilevel slicing of the scanned data. In the present investigation, this method was applied to thirty-two cases of @entity66 , including seven cases of cerebral arterio- @entity1211 , four cases of @entity7057 and twenty-one cases of @entity385 , positive rates being 86%, 100% and 90% respectively. In case of arterio- @entity1211 , minimum size detected by the isocount method was 2 cm in diameter. To twenty one cases of the @entity385 , total thirty two scanning examinations were performed, including postictal follow up studies. It is often said that it is two or three weeks after the ictus when the infarcted @entity75 is most clearly detectable by the scintigraphic procedures, presumably due to focal neovascularizations which may occur in the lesion most prominently at this postictal stage. Contradicted to the current concept, our experiences show that abnormal dot accumulations are recognized in the scintigrams even at the earlier stage, thus among five cases of @entity385 scanned within a week after the ictus positive figures were obtained in four cases, two of which were examined within two days after the ictus. Focal breakdown of blood brain barrier at the acute stage is considered to be responsible for the early positivity in @entity385 . In eight cases among twenty one @entity385 angiographies failed to demonstrate the vessel occluded. The isocount scanning method, however, succeeded in getting positive results in seven of the eight cases. It will be emphasized that the isocount scanning is a preferable diagnostic procedure in the @entity66 , especially when the angiography is hesitated to be performed because of the @entity1 severely affected.

title: [Diagnostic value of isocount scanning in XXXX (author's transl)].

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['cerebrovascular diseases']

entities_list: @entity7057 :: ('MESH:D020299', 'Disease') :: ['hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['brain diseases', 'cerebral lesion']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous malformation']

entities_list: @entity385 :: ('MESH:D002544', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral infarctions', 'cerebral infarction']

answer: @entity66 :: (MESH:D004194,Disease) :: ['cerebrovascular diseases']


abstract: Extracellular concentrations of @entity935 (DA), @entity4925 ( @entity4925 ), and @entity4926 were measured by microdialysis in @entity35 striatum 1 month after a unilateral infusion via a dialysis probe of a high concentration (10 mM) of @entity9013 ion (MPP+) into the substantia nigra. The basal extracellular DA concentration at the lesioned side was about 20% of the concentration at the nonlesioned side. However, basal @entity4925 dialysate levels from the lesioned striatum represented only 2.4% of those from the contralateral side. Intrastriatal infusion with @entity7831 increased the dialysate content of DA about twofold and eightfold at the lesioned and nonlesioned sides, respectively. Co-infusion of @entity7831 with @entity3216 caused an additional pronounced rise of the DA output on top of the @entity7831 -induced increase at the nonlesioned side, whereas no effect was observed at the lesioned side. Finally, MPP+ (10 mM) was infused for 45 min into both striata. The increase in the dialysate content of DA in response to @entity9016 + (considered as an index of the total striatal DA content) from the lesioned side was only 0.6% of the @entity9016 -induced DA increase from the nonlesioned side. A strong compensatory response to increased extracellular @entity935 was observed in the ipsilateral striatum. This effect was achieved by a severe suppression of reuptake mechanisms, as well as of the autoreceptor feedback response. It is concluded that infusion of MPP+ into the substantia nigra can be used as a chronic biochemical model for clinically manifest @entity304 .

title: Responsiveness of striatal XXXX release in awake animals after chronic @entity9013 ion-induced lesions of the substantia nigra.

entities_list: @entity7831 :: ('MESH:D009627', 'Chemical') :: ['nomifensine']

entities_list: @entity4925 :: ('MESH:D015102', 'Chemical') :: ['DOPAC', '3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid']

entities_list: @entity304 :: ('MESH:D010302', 'Disease') :: ['parkinsonism']

entities_list: @entity935 :: ('MESH:D004298', 'Chemical') :: ['dopamine']

entities_list: @entity4926 :: ('MESH:D006719', 'Chemical') :: ['homovanillic acid']

entities_list: @entity9013 :: ('MESH:D015655', 'Chemical') :: ['1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium']

answer: @entity935 :: (MESH:D004298,Chemical) :: ['dopamine']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Symptoms of @entity1005 ( @entity1005 ) and @entity308 frequently co-occur, but their distinctiveness following @entity130 remains unclear. We examined patterns of @entity1005 and @entity308 symptoms after sexual assault to evaluate the extent to which assault survivors primarily reported symptoms of both disorders or whether there were meaningfully distinct subgroups with discordant @entity1005 and @entity308 symptoms. METHODS: Latent profile analysis was used to examine self-reported @entity1005 and @entity308 symptoms among 119 female @entity458 at 1-, 2-, 3-, and 4-months post-assault. RESULTS: At all time points, a 4-class solution fit the data best, revealing four subgroups with low, low-moderate, high-moderate, and severe levels of both @entity1005 and @entity308 symptoms. Within each subgroup, @entity1005 symptom severity co-occurred with comparable @entity308 symptom severity. At no time point were there reliable subgroups with discordant @entity1005 and @entity308 symptom severities. Emotional numbing, hyperarousal, and overall @entity1005 symptom severity reliably distinguished each class from the others. Class membership at 1-month post-assault predicted subsequent class @entity73 . LIMITATIONS: Additional research is needed to evaluate predictors of class membership, temporal stability of classes, and generalizability to other @entity130 populations. CONCLUSIONS: Co-occurring and comparably severe @entity1005 and @entity308 symptoms are pervasive among female @entity458 . The absence of a distinct subset of individuals with only @entity1005 or @entity308 symptoms suggests that @entity1005 and @entity308 may be manifestations of a general posttraumatic stress response rather than distinct disorders after @entity130 . Integrated treatments targeting both @entity1005 and @entity308 symptoms may therefore prove more efficient and effective.

title: Co-occurring posttraumatic stress and XXXX symptoms after sexual assault: a latent profile analysis.

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['depression']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['membership and functional impairment']

entities_list: @entity458 :: ('MESH:D020018', 'Disease') :: ['sexual assault survivors']

entities_list: @entity1005 :: ('MESH:D013313', 'Disease') :: ['posttraumatic stress disorder', 'PTSD']

answer: @entity308 :: (MESH:D003866,Disease) :: ['depression']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Optimal management of acute type B aortic dissection with retrograde arch extension is controversial. The effect of retrograde arch extension on operative and long-term mortality has not been studied and is not incorporated into clinical treatment pathways. METHODS: The International Registry of Acute @entity1580 was queried for all @entity1 presenting with acute type B dissection and an identifiable primary intimal tear. Outcomes were stratified according to management for @entity1 with and without retrograde arch extension. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed. RESULTS: Between 1996 and 2014, 404 @entity1 (mean age, 63.3    13.9 years) were identified. Retrograde arch extension existed in 67 @entity1 (16.5%). No difference in complicated presentation was noted (36.8% vs 31.7%, p  =  0.46), as defined by limb or organ malperfusion, @entity772 , @entity397 , and shock. @entity1 with or without retrograde arch extension received similar treatment, with medical management in 53.7% vs 56.5% (p  = 0.68), endovascular treatment in 32.8% vs 31.1% (p  = 0.78), open operation in 11.9% vs 9.5% (p  = 0.54), or hybrid approach in 1.5% vs 3.0% (p  = 0.70), respectively. The in-hospital mortality rate was similar for @entity1 with (10.7%) and without (10.4%) retrograde arch extension (p  = 0.96), and 5-year survival was also similar at 78.3% and 77.8%, respectively (p  = 0.27). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of retrograde arch dissection involves approximately 16% of @entity1 with acute type B dissection. In the International Registry of Acute @entity1580 , this entity seems not to affect management strategy or early and late death.

title: Impact of Retrograde Arch Extension in Acute Type B XXXX on Management and Outcomes.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity1580 :: ('MESH:C562834', 'Disease') :: ['Aortic Dissection']

answer: @entity1580 :: (MESH:C562834,Disease) :: ['Aortic Dissection']


abstract: Cangrelor is a new parenteral @entity857 @entity3075 receptor inhibitor with rapid, profound and reversible inhibition of platelet activity. The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate efficacy and safety of this new agent in @entity1 undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science and CINAHL databases from the inception through April 2013. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing cangrelor with control ( @entity1397 /placebo) were selected. We used the random-effects models to calculate the risk ratio. The primary efficacy outcome was risk of @entity583 , and the primary safety outcome was TIMI @entity548 at 48 h. Three RCTs included a total of 25,107 @entity1 . Effects of Cangrelor were not different against comparators for @entity583 ( @entity583 ) (Risk ratio [RR] 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.78-1.13) and all-cause mortality (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.36-1.43). However, cangrelor significantly reduced the risk of @entity63 -driven revascularization (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.52-0.98), stent @entity715 (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.44-0.82) and Q wave @entity583 (RR 0.53, 95% CI 0.30-0.92) without causing extra @entity548 (Thrombolysis in @entity583 criteria) and severe or life-threatening @entity548 (Global utilization of streptokinase and tissue plasminogen activator for occluded coronary arteries criteria). Separate analysis against only @entity1397 also showed similar findings except Q wave @entity583 outcome. Use of cangrelor during PCI might reduce the risk of @entity63 -driven revascularization and stent @entity715 , without causing extra @entity548 .

title: Cangrelor for XXXX undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: evidence from a meta-analysis of randomized trials.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['participants', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding', 'major bleeding']

entities_list: @entity63 :: ('MESH:D007511', 'Disease') :: ['ischemia']

entities_list: @entity1397 :: ('MESH:C055162', 'Chemical') :: ['clopidogrel']

entities_list: @entity583 :: ('MESH:D009203', 'Disease') :: ['Myocardial infarction', 'myocardial infarction', 'MI']

entities_list: @entity857 :: ('MESH:D000244', 'Chemical') :: ['adenosine diphosphate']

entities_list: @entity715 :: ('MESH:D013927', 'Disease') :: ['thrombosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patients']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: Carotid @entity121 ( @entity121 ) has been one widely used index of early @entity2998 . We speculated that the influence of blood pressure variability ( @entity15882 ) on early @entity2998 may be varied by the location of the carotid artery and @entity6 history. Thus, the goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of @entity15882 on early @entity4288 progression in different segments of the carotid artery for @entity101 with and without @entity6 .A total of 148 @entity101 @entity1 who underwent 24hours ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring and carotid ultrasonography were enrolled in this study. Of them, 84 subjects were without @entity6 , and 64 subjects were with @entity6 . Short-term @entity15882 during daytime, nighttime, and over 24hours were evaluated through standard deviation (SD) and average real variability (ARV). We measured carotid @entity121 at left and right common carotid artery (CCA), carotid bulb, and the origin of the internal carotid artery (ICA). The associations between segment-specific measurements of carotid @entity121 and 24hours ambulatory @entity15882 were analyzed.We found that @entity121 at the common carotid artery (CCA- @entity121 ) and @entity121 at the internal carotid artery (ICA- @entity121 ) were more closely associated with @entity15882 than was carotid bulb @entity121 . In addition, for all subjects, @entity15882 was clearly associated with @entity2998 but not with right CCA- @entity121 . Furthermore, in @entity6 @entity1 , nighttime systolic @entity15882 was independently related to mean CCA- @entity121 (P<0.01) and mean bulb @entity121 (P<0.01). In contrast, in nondiabetes @entity1 , daytime and 24hours systolic @entity15882 was positively associated with mean CCA- @entity121 (P<0.05), but not independent after adjusting for baseline characteristics such as age and sex.The findings of our study indicate a segment-specific association between carotid @entity121 and 24hours ambulatory @entity15882 , and the associations also vary according to the @entity6 history. We conclude that @entity15882 plays a distinct role in early @entity4288 progression within different segments of the carotid artery, especially for the @entity101 with and without @entity6 .

title: Influence of blood pressure variability on early XXXX in @entity101 with and without @entity6 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension', 'hypertensions']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity2998 :: ('MESH:D002340', 'Disease') :: ['left CCA-IMT', 'carotid atherosclerosis']

entities_list: @entity121 :: ('MESH:D009135', 'Disease') :: ['IMT', 'intima-media thickness']

entities_list: @entity4288 :: ('MESH:D001161', 'Disease') :: ['arteriosclerosis', 'carotid arteriosclerosis']

answer: @entity2998 :: (MESH:D002340,Disease) :: ['carotid atherosclerosis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: A major pathological finding in @entity1 newborns with @entity358 and @entity2914 is the presence of @entity455 in lungs. Vasculogenesis/angiogenesis are crucial to lung development. To study lung alveolar development, including microvascular formation in fetal lung implants, Schwarz et al. [1] developed a subcutaneous allograft model. We adopted their model to assess the influence of neovascularization or the "host-graft vascular development" on hypoplastic lung structure and growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Normal and hypoplastic lungs at pseudoglandular stage were implanted subcutaneously under the dorsolateral fold of immunocompromised @entity19 (athymic, nu/nu). Lung allografts were removed and assessed at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks postimplantation. RESULTS: Neovascularization of implanted lungs from subcutaneous vasculature of @entity19 resulted in varying degrees of maturation of implanted normal and hypoplastic lungs. By 4 weeks, implanted normal lungs contained Type 2-like cells and by 7 to 8 weeks, Type 2 and Type 1-like cells, air spaces had enlarged, and surfactant secretion was observed. Despite some differentiation and maturation of hypoplastic lungs, there was more mesenchymal tissue, no secondary septa, and smaller air spaces compared to normal lungs. CONCLUSIONS: (a) Neovascularization or host-graft vascular development occurs in both normal and hypoplastic lung allografts. (b) Development and maturation of implanted normal and hypoplastic lungs follow the establishment of the vascular connections between the host and grafts. (c) The host-graft vascular connections do not improve the growth of normal or hypoplastic lungs. (d) Neovascularization failed to overcome the @entity2085 in vascular formation and the pulmonary vasculogenesis remained defective in hypoplastic lung allografts, which may be attributed to the defective endogenous endothelial progenitor cells.

title: Persistent vascular XXXX attributed to defective endogenous endothelial progenitors.

entities_list: @entity455 :: ('MESH:D014652', 'Disease') :: ['vascular abnormalities']

entities_list: @entity2085 :: ('MESH:D020964', 'Disease') :: ['embryonic defects']

entities_list: @entity2914 :: ('MESH:D065630', 'Disease') :: ['congenital diaphragmatic hernia']

entities_list: @entity358 :: ('MESH:D008171', 'Disease') :: ['pulmonary hypoplasia']

answer: @entity358 :: (MESH:D008171,Disease) :: ['defects in lung allografts']


abstract: PURPOSE: @entity6474 ( @entity6474 ), @entity540 ( @entity540 ), and @entity21876 ( @entity21876 ) are important extracellular matrix components of the sclera and have been shown to be associated with the development of @entity1714 . Our aim was to examine the association between @entity1714 and the polymorphisms within @entity6474 , @entity540 , and @entity21876 . METHODS: The study group comprised of @entity1 (n=195; age range: 17-24 years) with a spherical equivalent of -6.5 diopters (D) or a more negative @entity2516 . The control group comprised of individuals (n=94; age range: 17-25 years) with a spherical equivalent ranging from -0.5 D to +1.0 D. The subjects with @entity940 over -0.75 D were excluded from the study. High resolution melting (HRM) genotyping and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) genotyping were used to detect single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The polymorphisms detected were @entity6474 ( @entity31223 and @entity31224 ), @entity540 ( @entity31225 and @entity31226 ), and @entity21876 ( @entity31227 ). Moreover, a stepwise logistic regression procedure was used to detect which of the significant SNPs contributed to the main effects of @entity1714 development. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the frequency of the A allele and A/A genotype in @entity6474 ( @entity31223 ; p=0.0178 and 0.03, respectively). Moreover, the haplotype distribution of haplotype 2 (Ht2; A/A) of @entity6474 differed significantly between the two groups (p=0.014). The results of the stepwise logistic regression procedure revealed that @entity6474 ( @entity31223 ) contributed significantly to the development of @entity1714 . CONCLUSIONS: @entity6474 is an important structure of sclera and might contribute to the formation of @entity1714 . @entity6474 ( @entity31223 ) polymorphisms, A allele and A/A genotype, had a protective role against the development of @entity1714 .

title: Sclera-related gene polymorphisms in XXXX .

entities_list: @entity940 :: ('MESH:D001251', 'Disease') :: ['astigmatism']

entities_list: @entity2516 :: ('MESH:D012030', 'Disease') :: ['refractive error']

entities_list: @entity540 :: ('2247', 'Gene') :: ['bFGF', 'basic fibroblast growth factor']

entities_list: @entity6474 :: ('7042', 'Gene') :: ['TGF-beta2', 'Transforming growth factor-beta2']

entities_list: @entity1714 :: ('MESH:D009216', 'Disease') :: ['high myopia', 'myopia']

answer: @entity1714 :: (MESH:D009216,Disease) :: ['high myopia']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: From early childhood to adulthood, synaptogenesis and synaptic pruning continuously reshape the structural architecture and neural connection in developmental @entity1 brains. Disturbance of the precisely balanced strengthening of certain axons and pruning of others may cause @entity146 such as @entity2438 and @entity161 . To characterize this balance, we proposed a novel measurement based on @entity6795 and diffusion MRI (dMRI) tractography, a cortical connectivity maturation index (CCMI). To evaluate the spatiotemporal sensitivity of CCMI as a potential biomarker, dMRI and T1 weighted datasets of 21 healthy subjects 2-25 years were acquired. Brain cortex was parcellated into 68 gyral labels using T1 weighted images, then transformed into dMRI space to serve as the seed region of interest for dMRI-based tractography. Cortico-cortical association fibers initiated from each gyrus were categorized into long- and short-range ones, based on the other end of fiber terminating in non-adjacent or adjacent gyri of the seed gyrus, respectively. The regional CCMI was defined as the ratio between number of short-range association tracts and that of all association tracts traced from one of 68 parcellated gyri. The developmental trajectory of the whole brain CCMI follows a quadratic model with initial decreases from 2 to 16 years followed by later increases after 16 years. Regional CCMI is heterogeneous among different cortical gyri with CCMI dropping to the lowest value earlier in @entity227 while later in the prefrontal cortex. The proposed CCMI may serve as sensitive biomarker for brain development under normal or pathological conditions.

title: Global and regional cortical connectivity maturation index (CCMI) of developmental XXXX brain with quantification of short-range association tracts.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['primary somatosensory cortex and visual cortex']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['mental disorders']

entities_list: @entity6795 :: ('MESH:D054220', 'Disease') :: ['cortical parcellation']

entities_list: @entity161 :: ('MESH:D012559', 'Disease') :: ['schizophrenia']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: PURPOSE: The purpose of the following study is to evaluate the efficacy of a twice-weekly hypofractionated palliative radiotherapy schedule in locally very advanced @entity135 . MATERIALS AND METHODS: @entity1 with locally very advanced, @entity135 were prospectively evaluated after twice-weekly palliative radiotherapy regimen of 32 Gy in 8 fractions. Median age was 55.5 years and the predominant primary site was oral cavity (46%). Majority (70.6%) had Stage IV B disease. Disease related distressing symptoms such as @entity158 , @entity548 , skin fungation, respiratory symptoms due to @entity5 burden, were prospectively assessed before the start of treatment, at conclusion and at 6-12 weeks of completion of treatment. RESULTS: A total of 126 @entity1 were enrolled in the study. Ninety three (73.8%) @entity1 who completed the planned treatment of 32 Gy in 8 fractions were included in the symptom analysis. Overall response rates were 42% at @entity66 and 55% at nodal disease. At conclusion of radiotherapy 76.3% of the @entity1 reported improvement in @entity158 scores (P = 0.001) and 42.8% @entity1 reported improvement in @entity148 and @entity308 levels (P = 0.001). At first follow-up after 6-12 weeks significant improvement in @entity158 scores (P = 0.001) and @entity308 levels (P = 0.001) persisted. The median survival of the @entity1 was 5.5 months. Acute @entity33 was seen in one @entity1 (1.2%) while none had grade III skin reactions. CONCLUSION: The proposed radiotherapy regimen is effective for sustained symptom palliation with low acute @entity137 in locally very advanced @entity135 . It delivers a moderately high dose while being logistically simpler for the @entity1 .

title: Twice-weekly palliative radiotherapy for locally very advanced XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity135 :: ('MESH:D006258', 'Disease') :: ['head and neck cancers']

entities_list: @entity308 :: ('MESH:D003866', 'Disease') :: ['anxiety/depression', 'depression']

entities_list: @entity137 :: ('MESH:D064420', 'Disease') :: ['toxicity']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['primary disease']

entities_list: @entity548 :: ('MESH:D006470', 'Disease') :: ['bleeding']

entities_list: @entity33 :: ('MESH:D052016', 'Disease') :: ['grade III mucositis']

answer: @entity135 :: (MESH:D006258,Disease) :: ['head and neck cancers']


abstract: AIM: To describe mammographic features in screening detected @entity0 less than or equal to 10mm using Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System lexicon in full-field digital mammography. @entity1 AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 123 @entity2558 (a-b) invasive @entity0 in @entity1 aged 50-69 years from our screening program. Radiologic patterns were: masses, @entity730 , distortions, asymmetries and mixed. Masses: shape, margins and density, and @entity730 : morphology, number of flecks and size of the cluster were taken into account, following Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System terminology. RESULTS: We found 61 masses (49.6%), 8 masses with @entity730 (6.5%), 30 groups of @entity730 (24.4%), 19 architectural distortions (15.4%), 1 architectural distortion with @entity730 (0.8%), 4 asymmetries (3.2%). Sixty out of 69 masses were irregular in shape, 6 lobular, 2 ovals and 1 round. Thirty-four showed ill-defined margins, 29 spiculated and 6 microlobulated. Most of them showed a density similar to surrounding fibroglandular tissue. Calcifications were pleomorphic or fine linear in 24 of 30 (80%). Most of cases showed more than 10 flecks and a size greater than 1cm. CONCLUSION: The predominant radiologic finding is an irregular, isodense mass those margins tend to share different descriptors, being ill-defined margins the most constant finding. Calcifications representing invasive @entity5 are predominantly pleomorphic with more than 10 flecks per cm. Architectural distortion and invasive @entity420 are more common than reported in general series.

title: Mammographic features of screening detected XXXX (a-b) @entity0 using BI-RADS lexicon.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['women', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity0 :: ('MESH:D001943', 'Disease') :: ['breast cancers', 'invasive breast cancer']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity730 :: ('MESH:D002114', 'Disease') :: ['calcifications']

entities_list: @entity420 :: ('MESH:D000230', 'Disease') :: ['tubular carcinoma']

answer: @entity2558 :: (58492,Gene) :: ['pT1']


abstract: A recent outbreak of marine food poisoning in @entity1 was attributed to the consumption of @entity13367 ( @entity13367 L.) contaminated with @entity5228 (DA) that was produced by the diatom Nitzschia pungens. The clinical and morphological effects of single oral doses of extracts of mussels contaminated with DA or of DA isolated from toxic mussels were investigated in small groups (one to six) of @entity5434 ( @entity5434 ; 0.5-10 mg DA/kg body weight) and of @entity35 (60 to 80 mg DA/kg body weight). Control animals were either given saline or were not treated. To test whether @entity5542 , present in the food consumed by some affected @entity1 , and @entity3733 , suspected of being present in the plankton, enhanced the response, @entity5542 (at 0.25% of mussel extract bolus) or @entity3733 (at 1 g per bolus) were co-administered to two (one each) of the DA-treated monkeys. DA-treated monkeys developed transient excitation characterized by @entity391 . DA-treated @entity35 showed withdrawal followed by hyperexcitation and @entity204 (in one case). Mild to moderate @entity6220 consistent with neuroexcitation were present in both monkeys and @entity35 . The addition of @entity5542 and @entity3733 had no significant effect on the appearance and severity of central nervous system clinical signs and lesions. The wide variations in the response of test animals to orally administered DA were attributed to the protective effect of @entity391 , and to suspected incomplete or slow gastro-intestinal absorption of the toxic agent. The results reinforce the view that DA is an emetic and that under appropriate conditions may also @entity149 .

title: Experimental oral toxicity of XXXX in @entity5434 ( @entity5434 ) and @entity35 . Preliminary investigations.

entities_list: @entity6220 :: ('MESH:D020279', 'Disease') :: ['central nervous system lesions']

entities_list: @entity5434 :: ('9541', 'Species') :: ['Macaca fascicularis', 'cynomolgus monkeys']

entities_list: @entity391 :: ('MESH:D014839', 'Disease') :: ['vomiting']

entities_list: @entity5228 :: ('MESH:C012301', 'Chemical') :: ['domoic acid']

entities_list: @entity149 :: ('MESH:D002493', 'Disease') :: ['inflict excitotoxic central nervous system damage']

entities_list: @entity3733 :: ('MESH:D004121', 'Chemical') :: ['dimethylsulphoxide']

entities_list: @entity13367 :: ('6550', 'Species') :: ['Mytilus edulis', 'blue mussels']

entities_list: @entity35 :: ('10116', 'Species') :: ['Sprague-Dawley rats', 'rats']

entities_list: @entity5542 :: ('CHEBI:64243', 'Chemical') :: ['monosodium glutamate']

answer: @entity5228 :: (MESH:C012301,Chemical) :: ['domoic acid']


abstract: @entity32553 crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group @entity7136 , with eight molecules in the unit cell. Four inequivalent @entity5498 groups with different environments exist in a molecule. The @entity1472 groups are also different, which is well reflected in infrared spectra. Two tunneling modes are resolved at 23.7 and 7.0 microeV at 4.5 K. Their intensities are consistent with the presence of two further unresolved tunneling modes. Quasielastic spectra are composed of three Lorentzians of equal intensities. The two low activation energies and tunnel modes are modeled into consistent rotational potentials. The third activation energy and a librational band are used to guess the strength of the two stronger rotational potentials. The internal modes related to the torsional/librational vibrations mix with ring torsions in the range of 70-220 cm(-1). This way the tunnel modes couple to ring torsions whose energy determines the broadening of both tunnel bands. The calculations for free molecules yield mode frequencies a little bit lower than the experimental inelastic neutron scattering (INS) values. Application of theoretical methods elaborated for the crystalline state leads to a satisfactory consistency. It is also valid for bending modes of @entity2733 groups, which in the solid state show much higher frequencies than in the gas phase, as expected.

title: The structure of @entity32553 and the dynamics of the XXXX groups.

entities_list: @entity32553 :: ('MESH:C005158', 'Chemical') :: ['Diaminodurene']

answer: @entity5498 :: (CHEBI:32875,Chemical) :: ['methyl']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Many studies have focused on specific motor signs in @entity2438 and @entity13104 , but few has been published on the complete range of neurological soft signs (NSS) in @entity1 with @entity245 ( @entity245 ). Scarce are the studies evaluating NSS in @entity1 suffering from @entity245 not otherwise specified (PDDNOS). METHODS: This study compared performance of 11 @entity2438 @entity1 ( @entity195 ) and 10 @entity1 with PDDNOS, with controls matched on age, sex and cognitive performance on Krebs et al.'s NSS scale. Because of the duration of the assessments and specific difficulties encountered in managing some items, an adaptation of the scale had to be made during a pilot study with the agreement of the author. To be eligible, @entity1 had to meet the following inclusion criteria: an age range of 6-16 years, a diagnosis of @entity2438 or PDDNOS based on the DSM  IV criteria (American Psychiatric Association 1994). The @entity2438 diagnostic interview-revised (ADI-R) was used in order to confirm the diagnosis and to evaluate the association of the symptoms to the severity of the NSS. The childhood @entity2438 rating scale (CARS) was completed for the @entity1 in order to evaluate symptoms at the time of the NSS examination. Cognitive ability was assessed with Raven's progressive matrices. Were excluded @entity1 with: history of @entity306 , @entity154 of the central nervous system, @entity302 , known @entity74 , @entity2916 , @entity4786 , antecedent of severe @entity542 , @entity13104 , obvious physical @entity85 that would interfere with neurological assessment, deep @entity1032 and recent or chronic substance use or abuse. Healthy controls shared the same exclusion criteria, with no personal history of neurological, @entity146 or @entity734 , no family history of @entity146 and normal or retardation in schooling. All study procedures were approved by the local Ethics Committee (Comit   d'  thique, Razi Hospital), according to the declaration of Helsinki. RESULTS: There was no difference between @entity1 and controls with respect to sex, age and cognitive function. All @entity1 had an IQ higher than 81. Significant differences were found between @entity195 @entity1 and control group in the motor integration function and sensory integration function. Different NSS scores were significantly higher in the PDDNOS group than in controls: the total scores, motor coordination, motor integration function, sensory integration and @entity910 . Lower performance in motor coordination skills was associated with higher ADI-R communication score in the @entity195 group. No relationship was found between NSS and CARS' total sore. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the impaired neurological functioning in @entity2438 as well as PDDNOS @entity1 . The association of @entity73 with @entity2438 symptoms highlights the argument that motor control problems can be part of the @entity72 . The lack of relationship between NSS and intellectual aptitude in the clinical sample provides new elements for the neurodevelopment model of the @entity2438 spectrum.

title: [Neurological soft signs in XXXX ].

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity154 :: ('MESH:D000013', 'Disease') :: ['congenital anomaly']

entities_list: @entity1032 :: ('MESH:D008607', 'Disease') :: ['mental retardation']

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['psychiatric disorder']

entities_list: @entity73 :: ('MESH:D003072', 'Disease') :: ['motor impairment']

entities_list: @entity542 :: ('MESH:D006259', 'Disease') :: ['head trauma']

entities_list: @entity13104 :: ('MESH:D020817', 'Disease') :: ["Asperger's syndrome"]

entities_list: @entity2438 :: ('MESH:D001321', 'Disease') :: ['autistic disorder', 'autism', 'autistic']

entities_list: @entity245 :: ('MESH:D002658', 'Disease') :: ['PDD', 'pervasive developmental disorder']

entities_list: @entity910 :: ('MESH:D004409', 'Disease') :: ['abnormal movements']

entities_list: @entity2916 :: ('MESH:D014402', 'Disease') :: ['tuberous sclerosis']

entities_list: @entity72 :: ('MESH:D002659', 'Disease') :: ['autism spectrum disorders']

entities_list: @entity302 :: ('MESH:D004827', 'Disease') :: ['epilepsy']

entities_list: @entity74 :: ('MESH:D030342', 'Disease') :: ['genetic syndrome']

entities_list: @entity4786 :: ('MESH:D017253', 'Disease') :: ['neurofibromatosis']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['deformities or sensory deficits']

entities_list: @entity734 :: ('MESH:D019966', 'Disease') :: ['substance abuse']

entities_list: @entity306 :: ('MESH:D002547', 'Disease') :: ['cerebral palsy']

answer: @entity245 :: (MESH:D002658,Disease) :: ['pervasive developmental disorders']


abstract: UNASSIGNED: @entity3 is a common complication of the most advanced @entity5 . It may compromise the @entity1 ' quality of life, often posing a greater risk than the primary disease itself. Currently, several different therapeutic approaches are available to palliate or cure (single @entity3 with primary @entity5 under control - radical surgery) secondary disease. In particular, radiation therapy is widely used, as it often leads to full or at least partial functional recovery, depending on the number and location of @entity3 . The aim of our study was to evaluate whether clinical improvement subsequent to radiation therapy may be related to anatomical recovery of the site of @entity3 in @entity5 @entity1 with @entity3 . Given the heterogeneity of the diseases considered and the general complex conditions of the @entity1 , a single method could not be used to evaluate the response to radiation treatment and its correlation with the performance status (PS). Thus, depending on the specific disease being assessed, we divided the @entity1 into different groups. @entity1 in the same group were followed up with the same methods.This correlation was noted in a very high percentage of @entity1 , predominantly in @entity1 with vertebral and brain @entity3 . Moreover, we investigated the use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the study of spinal @entity3 . We propose its use in the local evaluation of @entity75 , both in the diagnostic phase and during the assessment of treatment efficacy.

title: Performance Status versus Anatomical Recovery in XXXX : The role of palliative radiation treatment.

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'malignancies', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity75 :: ('MESH:D001927', 'Disease') :: ['vertebral secondary lesions']

entities_list: @entity3 :: ('MESH:D009362', 'Disease') :: ['metastasis', 'metastases', 'Metastatic disease', 'metastatic disease']

answer: @entity3 :: (MESH:D009362,Disease) :: ['metastatic disease']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The Gram-negative bacterium @entity21334 (Cpn) is the leading intracellular @entity1 pathogen responsible for @entity1729 such as @entity55 and @entity3617 . Basic and applied research in pathogen biology, especially the elaboration of new mechanism-based anti-pathogen strategies, target discovery and drug development, rely heavily on the availability of the entire set of pathogen open reading frames, the ORFeome. The ORFeome of Cpn will enable genome- and proteome-wide systematic analysis of Cpn, which will improve our understanding of the molecular networks and mechanisms underlying and governing its pathogenesis. RESULTS: Here we report the construction of a comprehensive gene collection covering 98.5% of the 1052 predicted and verified ORFs of Cpn ( @entity35359 ) in Gateway(  ) 'entry' vectors. Based on genomic DNA isolated from the vascular chlamydial strain CV-6, we constructed an ORFeome library that contains 869 unique Gateway(  ) entry clones (83% coverage) and an additional 168 PCR-verified 'pooled' entry clones, reaching an overall coverage of ~98.5% of the predicted @entity35359 ORFs. The high quality of the ORFeome library was verified by PCR-gel electrophoresis and DNA sequencing, and its functionality was demonstrated by expressing panels of recombinant proteins in @entity526 and by genome-wide protein interaction analysis for a test set of three Cpn virulence factors in a yeast 2-hybrid system. The ORFeome is available in different configurations of resource stocks, PCR-products, purified plasmid DNA, and living cultures of @entity526 harboring the desired entry clone or pooled entry clones. All resources are available in 96-well microtiterplates. CONCLUSION: This first ORFeome library for Cpn provides an essential new tool for this important pathogen. The high coverage of entry clones will enable a systems biology approach for Cpn or host-pathogen analysis. The high yield of recombinant proteins and the promising interactors for Cpn virulence factors described here demonstrate the possibilities for proteome-wide studies.

title: Construction of a highly flexible and comprehensive gene collection representing the ORFeome of the XXXX pathogen @entity21334 .

entities_list: @entity3617 :: ('MESH:D001991', 'Disease') :: ['bronchitis']

entities_list: @entity35359 :: ('115713', 'Species') :: ['Chlamydia pneumoniae strain CWL029', 'CWL029']

entities_list: @entity55 :: ('MESH:D011014', 'Disease') :: ['pneumonia']

entities_list: @entity21334 :: ('83558', 'Species') :: ['Chlamydia pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity1729 :: ('MESH:D012141', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory infections']

entities_list: @entity526 :: ('562', 'Species') :: ['Escherichia coli', 'E. coli']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['human']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Acute and chronic @entity1244 in @entity1 and adults can spread to the orbit. Oral flora has been seen in orbital infections, but the extent of synergy between pathogens in such infections remains unknown. METHODS: A retrospective case series of @entity1 with complicated @entity1244 that involved the orbit from acute @entity1244 who were admitted to a tertiary care hospital from January 2000 to December 2014 and who had surgical cultures obtained. @entity1 were identified by the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code for @entity2688 , subperiosteal @entity733 , or orbital @entity733 . RESULTS: Sixteen @entity1 underwent surgical @entity2694 associated with @entity1244 and had cultures obtained. Nine @entity1 (56%) grew organisms that exist in oral flora, whereas seven @entity1 (44%) grew common respiratory pathogens. The most common organisms recovered were viridans group streptococcus (VGS) (50%), @entity794 (31%), @entity4424 (25%), and Prevotella species (19%). Oral flora anaerobes were cultured alongside a VGS species in seven of eight @entity1 (88%) as opposed to the respiratory pathogens, which were less frequently associated with concomitant @entity281 (29%) (p = 0.04). CONCLUSION: There are two main sources for @entity2694 from acute @entity1244 : respiratory pathogens and oral flora. The high prevalence of concurrent anaerobic oral flora and @entity281 supports a suspected synergy between VGS and other oral organisms.

title: Association of oral flora with orbital complications of acute XXXX .

entities_list: @entity1244 :: ('MESH:D012852', 'Disease') :: ['sinusitis']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children', 'Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity2688 :: ('MESH:D002481', 'Disease') :: ['periorbital cellulitis']

entities_list: @entity794 :: ('1280', 'Species') :: ['Staphylococcus aureus']

entities_list: @entity2694 :: ('MESH:D009916', 'Disease') :: ['drainage via external drainage or endoscopic sinus surgery of an orbital infection', 'infectious orbital complications']

entities_list: @entity281 :: ('MESH:D007239', 'Disease') :: ['VGS infection']

entities_list: @entity4424 :: ('539', 'Species') :: ['Eikenella corrodens']

answer: @entity1244 :: (MESH:D012852,Disease) :: ['sinusitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVES: Kinesiology taping (KT) is a rehabilitative technique performed by the cutaneous application of a special elastic tape. We tested the safety and efficacy of KT in reducing postoperative @entity662 after lung lobectomy. METHODS: One-hundred and seventeen consecutive @entity1 , both genders, age 18-85, undergoing lobectomy for @entity2 between January 2013 and July 2015 were initially considered. Lobectomies were performed by the same surgical team, with thoracotomy or video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) access. Exclusion criteria (n = 25 @entity1 ) were: previous KT exposure, @entity130 , pre-existing @entity662 , lack of informed consent, >24-h postoperative intensive care unit treatment. After surgery, the 92 eligible @entity1 were randomized to KT experimental group (n = 46) or placebo control group (n = 46). Standard postoperative analgesia was administered in both groups ( @entity1443 /non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, epidural analgesia including opioids), with @entity1337 boluses at @entity1 request. On postoperative day 1 in addition, in experimental group @entity1 a specialized physiotherapist applied KT, with standardized tape length, tension and shape, over three defined skin areas: at the chest access site @entity158 trigger point; over the ipsilateral deltoid/trapezius; lower anterior chest. In control group, usual dressing tape mimicking KT was applied over the same areas, as placebo. @entity158 severity score [visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging 0-10] was self-assessed by all @entity1 on postoperative days 1, 2, 5, 8, 9 and 30. RESULTS: The KT group and the control group had similar demographics, @entity2 clinico-pathological features and thoracotomy/VATS ratio. Postoperatively, the two groups also resulted similar in @entity1337 , complication rate, mean duration of chest drainage and length of stay. There were no adverse events with KT application. After tape application, KT @entity1 reported overall less thoracic @entity158 than the control group, the difference being significant on postoperative day 5 [median VAS, 2 (interquartile range, 1-3) vs 3 (2-5), P < 0.01] and day 8 [median VAS, 1 (0-2) vs 2 (1-3), P < 0.05]. Moreover, on postoperative day 30 persistence of @entity662 (VAS >= 3) was reported less frequently by the KT group than by the control group (7 vs 24%; P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS: KT after lung lobectomy is a safe and effective auxiliary technique for @entity662 control. ISRCTN REGISTRY: ISRCTN37253470.

title: @entity662 control with kinesiology taping after lobectomy for XXXX : initial results of a randomized placebo-controlled study.

entities_list: @entity662 :: ('MESH:D002637', 'Disease') :: ['chest pain']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity2 :: ('MESH:D008175', 'Disease') :: ['lung cancer']

entities_list: @entity1337 :: ('MESH:D000699', 'Disease') :: ['supplemental analgesia']

entities_list: @entity158 :: ('MESH:D010146', 'Disease') :: ['Thoracic pain', 'pain']

entities_list: @entity1443 :: ('MESH:D000082', 'Chemical') :: ['paracetamol']

entities_list: @entity130 :: ('MESH:D014947', 'Disease') :: ['recent trauma']

answer: @entity2 :: (MESH:D008175,Disease) :: ['lung cancer']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To extend our previous work on AFE in Canada by including stricter criteria for case identification and by examining risks for @entity2209 , neonatal mortality and serious maternal and neonatal morbidity. DESIGN: Population-based cohort study. SETTING: Canada. POPULATION OR SAMPLE: In all, 4,508,462 hospital deliveries from fiscal year 1991/92 to 2008/09. METHODS: To reduce false-positive diagnoses, we restricted our analysis to AFE cases with @entity1167 , @entity1457 or severe @entity101 , @entity649 , mechanical ventilation, @entity772 , @entity410 , or @entity3459 . Linkage of maternal and neonatal records, available since 2001/02, enabled us to examine the effects of AFE on neonatal outcomes. Detailed demographic and clinical data facilitated control for a broad array of potential confounding variables. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: @entity6703 , in-hospital @entity204 , @entity1763 , mechanical ventilation, @entity2348 , @entity410 , nonimmune haemolytic or traumatic @entity1087 and length of hospital stay. RESULTS: A total of 292 AFE cases were identified, of which only 120 (40%) were confirmed after applying our additional diagnostic criteria, yielding an AFE incidence of 2.5 per 100,000 deliveries. Of the 120 confirmed cases, 33 (27%) were fatal. Significant modifiable risk factors included medical induction, caesarean delivery, instrumental vaginal delivery, and uterine or cervical @entity130 . @entity6703 was associated with significantly increased risks of @entity2209 and @entity1763 , mechanical ventilation, @entity295 , @entity410 and prolonged length of hospital stay. CONCLUSIONS: @entity6703 remains a rare but serious obstetric outcome, with several important modifiable risk factors and major implications for maternal, fetal and neonatal health.

title: XXXX : incidence, risk factors, and impact on perinatal outcome.

entities_list: @entity410 :: ('MESH:D012640', 'Disease') :: ['seizure', 'seizures']

entities_list: @entity101 :: ('MESH:D006973', 'Disease') :: ['hypertension']

entities_list: @entity2209 :: ('MESH:D050497', 'Disease') :: ['stillbirth']

entities_list: @entity649 :: ('MESH:D012128', 'Disease') :: ['respiratory distress']

entities_list: @entity2348 :: ('MESH:D001424', 'Disease') :: ['bacterial sepsis']

entities_list: @entity3459 :: ('MESH:D025861', 'Disease') :: ['coagulation disorder']

entities_list: @entity1763 :: ('MESH:D001237', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal asphyxia', 'asphyxia']

entities_list: @entity6703 :: ('MESH:D004619', 'Disease') :: ['Amniotic fluid embolism']

entities_list: @entity1167 :: ('MESH:D006323', 'Disease') :: ['cardiac arrest']

entities_list: @entity204 :: ('MESH:D003643', 'Disease') :: ['neonatal death']

answer: @entity6703 :: (MESH:D004619,Disease) :: ['Amniotic fluid embolism']


abstract: BACKGROUND _ AIMS: Short chain @entity1718 ( @entity14559 ; @entity598 , @entity4919 and @entity4876 ) are important energy sources for colonocytes and are assumed to play a key role in gut health. Local effects of SCFAs have been investigated, but less is known about whole body metabolism of these SCFAs. The aim of the present study was to quantify the role of the gut and liver in interorgan exchange of SCFAs in @entity1 in vivo. METHODS: Twenty-two @entity1 undergoing major upper abdominal surgery were studied. Blood was sampled from a radial artery, the portal and a hepatic vein. Portal, splanchnic and arterial blood flow was measured using intra-operative Duplex ultrasonography. SCFAs were measured on a liquid chromatography system combined with mass spectrometry. RESULTS: SCFAs were released by the gut, 34.9 (9.1) micromol kg bodyweight(-1)h(-1). SCFAs uptake by the liver was significant for @entity4919 and @entity4876 ; -5.6 (1.3) and -3.8 (1.6) micromol kg bodyweight(-1)h(-1) (p=0.0002 and p=0.03) respectively and counterbalanced gut release. Liver uptake of @entity598 was not significant, -5.2 (6.6) micromol kg bodyweight(-1)h(-1) (p=0.434). Splanchnic (i.e., gut+liver) SCFAs release was significant for @entity598 and @entity4919 , 17.3 (7.3) and 1.2 (0.4) micromol kg bodyweight(-1)h(-1) (p=0.027 and p=0.0038), respectively. Splanchnic release of @entity4876 was not significantly different from zero (1.9 (1.2) micromol kg bodyweight(-1)h(-1), p=0.129). BMI and previous colonic resection did not affect gut release of SCFAs. CONCLUSION: This is the first in vivo study on the role of the gut and liver in SCFAs exchange in @entity1 in vivo. It is shown that intestinal SCFAs release by the gut is equalled by hepatic uptake.

title: Short chain XXXX exchange across the gut and liver in @entity1 measured at surgery.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['humans', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity4876 :: ('MESH:D002087', 'Chemical') :: ['butyrate']

entities_list: @entity4919 :: ('CHEBI:17272', 'Chemical') :: ['propionate']

entities_list: @entity598 :: ('CHEBI:47622', 'Chemical') :: ['acetate']

entities_list: @entity1718 :: ('MESH:D005227', 'Chemical') :: ['fatty acids']

answer: @entity1718 :: (MESH:D005227,Chemical) :: ['fatty acids']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Post operative scar tissue makes transsphenoidal surgery for recurrent @entity4611 . However, with the use of a new cautery system, known as the EMF system, we were able to perform the surgical procedures with relative ease. In this article, we report the advantages and clinical applications of this new instrument in transnasal reoperation. METHODS: The EMF system generates a high frequency current of 13.56 MHz that is focused on the target. This enables it to coagulate, cut, and vaporize tissue in a pinpoint fashion. The bayonet and pencil-type hand pieces of the EMF system are slim, and the tips of the probe are flexible. This enables the surgeon to easily reach deep narrow spaces. We have used the EMF system for transsphenoidal surgery on recurrent @entity4611 in 18 @entity1 . The system was used to cut and vaporize scar tissue and vaporize firm and @entity5 tissue. RESULTS: During surgery, the system could easily cut and vaporize scarred tissues in the nasal cavity, the sphenoid sinus, and the sella, without damage to the surrounding tissue. In addition, in 3 @entity1 who had extremely fibrotic and firm @entity5 , we were able to easily vaporize the @entity5 with safety. CONCLUSIONS: The EMF system enables the surgeon to cut and vaporize tissue with ease and with minimal injury to the surrounding structures. It was particularly valuable in the resection of firm @entity5 . It may also shorten the operating time because of quick vaporization of the firm tissue.

title: Electromagnetic field system for transsphenoidal surgery on recurrent XXXX - technical note.

entities_list: @entity4611 :: ('MESH:D010900', 'Disease') :: ['pituitary lesions', 'pituitary lesions very difficult']

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['tumor', 'fibrotic tumor', 'tumors']

answer: @entity4611 :: (MESH:D010900,Disease) :: ['pituitary lesions']


abstract: Increases in colonization with serotypes of @entity328 not contained within the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine ( @entity1485 ) have been reported among @entity1 following introduction. Serotype 6C has emerged as prevalent in nasopharyngeal colonization and @entity697 ( @entity697 ), though it is uncommonly recovered from @entity1 with invasive @entity66 . Vaccine serotypes within PCV7 have been replaced by nonvaccine serotypes without significant changes in the overall carriage rate. We hypothesize 1) that serotypes vary in their ability to evade host defenses and establish @entity697 following colonization and 2) the observed reduction in @entity2346 results from a reduced disease potential by some 'replacement serotypes'. We compared the capacity of @entity2260 serotypes 6C and @entity5686 to produce experimental @entity2346 media (EOM) in a chinchilla model. The proportion of chinchillas that developed culture positive EOM and density of @entity2172 was evaluated. EOM was found in 28/82 (34%) ears challenged with 6C compared to 13/18(72.2%) with @entity5686 [p  =  0.0003]. When disease due to 6C did occur, it was characterized by low-density infection. Our findings demonstrate that challenge with serotype 6C results in EOM less frequently than @entity5686 . These data support the need for greater knowledge regarding differences among serotypes to produce @entity697 .

title: Virulence of @entity328 serotype 6C in experimental XXXX media.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['children']

entities_list: @entity697 :: ('MESH:D000208', 'Disease') :: ['acute otitis media', 'AOM']

entities_list: @entity2172 :: ('MESH:D010033', 'Disease') :: ['middle ear infection']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal disease']

entities_list: @entity328 :: ('1313', 'Species') :: ['Streptococcus pneumoniae']

entities_list: @entity2346 :: ('MESH:D010031', 'Disease') :: ['pneumococcal otitis', 'otitis']

answer: @entity2346 :: (MESH:D010031,Disease) :: ['otitis']


abstract: OBJECTIVE: To investigate the incidence of @entity14 in @entity29 ( @entity29 ) @entity1 and its risk factors. METHODS: Data on 513 @entity1 in the last 10 years from Ruijin Hospital were collected. Their medical histories were put in database and analyzed including their socio-demographic features, pathogenetic conditions, diagnostic methods, possible related risk factors, treatment and outcome. RESULTS: Among the 513 were 242 with @entity31 ( @entity31 ), among whom four @entity1 developed @entity5 and four had @entity1613 . None of the 271 @entity1050 @entity1 developed @entity5 . The incidence of both @entity5 and precancerosis in the @entity31 @entity1 was 1.65%. Through multifactorial logistic regression analysis, loss of @entity66 and frequent relapses were proved to be the most probable risk factors. CONCLUSION: The incidence of @entity29 has kept on rising in recent years. Clinically, @entity31 @entity1 have more probability of developing @entity14 than @entity1050 @entity1 . The main risk factors of developing @entity14 in @entity31 @entity1 are frequent relapses, @entity353 .

title: Clinical study of the relationship between @entity29 and XXXX .

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['weight, other disease complications']

entities_list: @entity353 :: ('MESH:D015431', 'Disease') :: ['weight loss and other complications']

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancers', 'cancer']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity29 :: ('MESH:D015212', 'Disease') :: ['inflammatory bowel disease', 'IBD']

entities_list: @entity14 :: ('MESH:D015179', 'Disease') :: ['colorectal cancer']

entities_list: @entity1613 :: ('MESH:D011230', 'Disease') :: ['precancerous lesions']

answer: @entity14 :: (MESH:D015179,Disease) :: ['colorectal neoplasms']


abstract: AIMS: Fractures of the distal femur are an important cause of morbidity. Their optimal management remains controversial. Contemporary implants include angular-stable anatomical locking plates and locked intramedullary nails (IMNs). We compared the long-term @entity1 -reported functional outcome of fixation of @entity174 of the distal femur using these two methods of treatment. @entity1 AND METHODS: A total of 297 @entity1 were retrospectively identified from a State-wide @entity130 registry in Australia: 195 had been treated with a locking plate and 102 with an IMN. Baseline characteristics of the @entity1 and their @entity174 were recorded. Health-related quality-of-life, functional and radiographic outcomes were compared using mixed effects regression models at six months and one year. RESULTS: There was a clinically relevant and significant difference in quality-of-life at six months in favour of fixation with an IMN (mean difference in EuroQol-5 Dimensions Score (EQ-5D) =  0.12; 95% CI 0.02 to 0.22; p = 0.025). There was weak evidence that this trend continued to one year (mean difference EQ-5D = 0.09; 95% CI -0.01 to 0.19; p = 0.073). There was a significant although very small reduction in @entity85 using an IMN (mean difference -1.02; 95% CI -1.99 to -0.06; p = 0.073). There was no evidence that there was a difference in any other outcomes at any time point. TAKE HOME MESSAGE: IMN may be a superior treatment compared with anatomical locking plates for @entity174 of the distal femur. These findings are concordant with other data from pilot randomised studies which favour treatment of these @entity174 with an IMN. This study strongly supports the need for a definitive randomised trial. Cite this article: Bone Joint J 2016;98-B:846-50.

title: Nails or plates for @entity174 of the distal femur? data from the Victoria Orthopaedic XXXX Outcomes Registry.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient', 'PATIENTS']

entities_list: @entity85 :: ('MESH:D009140', 'Disease') :: ['angular deformity']

entities_list: @entity174 :: ('MESH:D050723', 'Disease') :: ['fractures']

answer: @entity130 :: (MESH:D014947,Disease) :: ['Trauma']


abstract: Improving the quality of care for @entity1 with @entity102 has become a high priority. Implementing training programs in @entity66 ( @entity66 ) so the next generation of physicians can manage @entity102 more effectively is challenging. Residency training programs have no specific mandate to implement @entity66 training. Additional barriers at the training facility include: 1) lack of a population-based perspective for service delivery; 2) weak support for self-management of illness; 3) incomplete implementation due to physician resistance or inertia; and 4) few incentives to change practices and behaviors. In order to overcome these barriers, training programs must take the initiative to implement @entity66 training that addresses each of these issues. We report the implementation of a @entity102 management curriculum based on the Improving @entity102 Care (ICIC) Model. Features of this process included both @entity1 care and learner objectives. These were: development of a multidisciplinary @entity6 @entity66 team; development of a @entity1 registry; development of @entity6 teaching clinics in the family practice center (nutrition, general management classes, and one-on-one teaching); development of a group visit model; and training the residents in the elements of the ICIC Model, ie, the community, the health system, self-management support, delivery system design, decision support, and clinical information systems. Barriers to implementing these curricular changes were: the development of a @entity1 registry; buy-in from faculty, residents, clinic leadership, staff, and @entity1 for the chronic care model; the ability to bill for services and maintain clinical productivity; and support from the health system key stakeholders for sustainability. Unique features of each training site will dictate differences in emphasis and structure; however, the core principles of the ICIC Model in enhancing self-management may be generalized to all sites.

title: Development of a XXXX care management curriculum in a family practice residency program.

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients', 'patient']

entities_list: @entity6 :: ('MESH:D003920', 'Disease') :: ['diabetes']

entities_list: @entity66 :: ('MESH:D004194', 'Disease') :: ['disease management', 'DM']

entities_list: @entity102 :: ('MESH:D002908', 'Disease') :: ['chronic illness', 'Chronic Illness']

answer: @entity6 :: (MESH:D003920,Disease) :: ['diabetes']


abstract: SUMMARY: Intracranial dural @entity2548 (DAVF) with cortical @entity1211 may become symptomatic due to @entity450 or @entity932 . @entity450 in the orbit can also occur resulting in @entity5768 , chemosis, @entity892 and progressive @entity227 . The transvenous approach has been used for selective disconnection of the venous drainage to eliminate the @entity450 and future risk of @entity510 and/or @entity51 . @entity8038 (Hydro- Coil(R)) expand after contact with blood causing the coils to swell up to five to 11 times a standard 10-system bare @entity902 coil. Due to this property, HydroCoils could have an advantage over @entity902 coils in the transvenous approach to embolization of DAVFs. Ten @entity1 with symptomatic cranial DAVF underwent a transvenous embolization using HydroCoils as the only embolic agent or in a combination with bare @entity902 coils. The @entity1 ' characteristics, symptoms, angioarchitecture of the DAVF, treatment, complications and results were analyzed. All the treated DAVFs were disconnected at the end of the procedure. All the @entity1 with orbital symptoms had complete or significant improvement. There were no periprocedural complications. Nine @entity1 had radiological follow-up showing cure. HydroCoils can be used effectively and safely to treat intracranial DAVFs transvenously. The volume expansion of Hydrocoils may have significant advantage over bare @entity902 coils given the large venous spaces that need to be filled. The use of HydroCoils may decrease the procedure time and consequently reduce the radiation dose to the @entity1 .

title: Transvenous treatment of cranial dural XXXX with hydrogel coated coils.

entities_list: @entity227 :: ('MESH:D014786', 'Disease') :: ['visual loss']

entities_list: @entity932 :: ('MESH:D020300', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial hemorrhage']

entities_list: @entity510 :: ('MESH:D013345', 'Disease') :: ['intracranial bleeding']

entities_list: @entity5768 :: ('MESH:D005094', 'Disease') :: ['proptosis']

entities_list: @entity8038 :: ('MESH:D058456', 'Disease') :: ['Hydrogel coated coils']

entities_list: @entity450 :: ('MESH:D006940', 'Disease') :: ['Venous congestion', 'venous congestion']

entities_list: @entity51 :: ('MESH:D009461', 'Disease') :: ['neurological deficit']

entities_list: @entity892 :: ('MESH:D004172', 'Disease') :: ['double vision']

entities_list: @entity2548 :: ('MESH:D001164', 'Disease') :: ['arteriovenous fistulas']

entities_list: @entity1211 :: ('MESH:D054556', 'Disease') :: ['venous reflux']

entities_list: @entity902 :: ('MESH:D010984', 'Chemical') :: ['platinum']

answer: @entity2548 :: (MESH:D001164,Disease) :: ['arteriovenous fistulas']


abstract: Universal agreement on the inclusion of intestinal metaplasia to diagnose @entity355 ( @entity355 ) is lacking. Our aim was to determine the association of intestinal metaplasia and its density with the prevalence of @entity1141 / @entity5 in @entity418 ( @entity418 ). @entity1 with @entity418 but no intestinal metaplasia ( @entity418 -no IM) were identified by querying the clinical pathology database using SNOMED codes for distal esophageal biopsies. @entity418 @entity1 were identified from a prospectively maintained database of @entity355 @entity1 . Subsequently, relative risks for prevalent @entity1141 and @entity5 were calculated. Since @entity1 with @entity418 -no IM are not usually enrolled in surveillance, only prevalent @entity1141 / @entity5 on index endoscopy was analyzed. Goblet cell density and percent intestinal metaplasia were estimated. All biopsy slides were reviewed for @entity1141 by two experienced gastrointestinal pathologists. Two hundred sixty-two @entity418 and 260 @entity418 -no IM @entity1 were included (age 64    12 vs. 60    11 years, P = 0.001; whites 92% vs. 82%, P = 0.001; males 99.7% vs. 99.3%, P = NS; @entity418 length 3.4    3.2   vears 1.4    0.4   cm, P = 0.001 and @entity357 64% vs. 56%, P = 0.013). The odds of finding low-grade @entity1141 and of high-grade @entity1141 (HGD)/ @entity5 were 12.5-fold (2.9-53.8, P = 0.007) and 4.2-fold (95% CI 1.4-13, P = 0.01) higher, respectively, in the @entity418 group. Reanalysis after controlling for important variables of age, race, and length did not significantly alter the overall results. In @entity418 group, when @entity1 with high (>50/LPF) versus low goblet cell density (<50/LPF) and <10% versus >10% intestinal metaplasia were compared, the odds of HGD/ @entity5 , OR 1.5 (0.5-4.9, P = 0.5) and 1.97 (0.54-7.22), respectively, were not significantly higher. Demonstration of intestinal metaplasia continues to be an essential element in the definition of @entity355 , but its quantification may not be useful for risk stratification of HGD/ @entity5 in @entity355 .

title: Presence or absence of intestinal metaplasia but not its burden is associated with prevalent high-grade XXXX and @entity5 in @entity355 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['Patients', 'patients']

entities_list: @entity355 :: ('MESH:D001471', 'Disease') :: ['BE', "Barrett's esophagus"]

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer']

entities_list: @entity357 :: ('MESH:D006551', 'Disease') :: ['hiatus hernia']

entities_list: @entity418 :: ('MESH:D004938', 'Disease') :: ['CLE', 'columnar lined esophagus', 'CLE-IM']

entities_list: @entity1141 :: ('MESH:C535662', 'Disease') :: ['dysplasia']

answer: @entity1141 :: (MESH:C535662,Disease) :: ['dysplasia']


abstract: BACKGROUND: The incidence, prevalence, and even the clinical behavior of @entity31 ( @entity31 ) are highly variable in different world regions. In previous studies, Portugal was reported as having a milder clinical behavior. The aim of this study was to apply the Montreal Classification in a large group of @entity31 Portuguese @entity1 in order to describe their clinical characteristics and evaluate variables potentially useful for outcome prediction. METHODS: A cross-sectional study based on data collected from a nationwide online registry was undertaken. RESULTS: In all, 2863 @entity1 with @entity31 were included. Twenty-one percent had @entity1066 , 52% left-sided @entity1960 , and 28% extensive @entity1960 . Sixty percent of @entity1 had taken @entity230 , 14% immunosuppressors, 1% biologicals, and 4.5% were submitted to surgery. @entity1 with extensive @entity1960 had more severe activity, needing more @entity230 , immunosuppressors, and surgery. At the time of diagnosis 61% were less than 40 years old and 5% less than 16. Younger @entity1 also had a more @entity146 initial course. Thirty-eight percent of @entity1 had only taken salicylates during the disease course and were characterized by a lower incidence of systemic symptoms at presentation (3.8% versus 8.8%, P < 0.001), fewer extraintestinal manifestations (7.7% versus 24.0%, P < 0.001), and a higher prevalence of @entity4272 (32.1% versus 10.0%). CONCLUSIONS: A more @entity146 phenotype was found in extensive @entity1960 and in the initial course of younger @entity1 , with an increased need for @entity230 and immunosuppressors. In addition, a significant percentage of @entity1 , particularly with @entity4272 , showed a milder clinical evolution and were maintained in remission only with salicylates.

title: XXXX in a Southern European country: a national perspective.

entities_list: @entity146 :: ('MESH:D001523', 'Disease') :: ['aggressive']

entities_list: @entity4272 :: ('MESH:D011349', 'Disease') :: ['proctitis']

entities_list: @entity1066 :: ('MESH:D014456', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative proctitis']

entities_list: @entity31 :: ('MESH:D003093', 'Disease') :: ['ulcerative colitis', 'UC']

entities_list: @entity230 :: ('MESH:D013256', 'Chemical') :: ['steroids']

answer: @entity31 :: (MESH:D003093,Disease) :: ['Ulcerative colitis']


abstract: BACKGROUND: Case law across jurisdictions requires ever more complete disclosure of material facts when obtaining consent to treatment. AIMS: To determine whether giving extra information impairs the mental capacity to make decisions about treatment. METHOD: The @entity1619 , MacCAT-FP, PANSS and @entity10686 were administered to 88 detained forensic @entity1 with @entity716 . Two positive and two negative facts were given about each of two anti- @entity716 drugs, and no treatment (twelve items). A choice was elicited. The criterion for @entity337 was inability to express a choice. Two extra positive and two extra negative facts about each of the three options were given (twelve extra items) and a choice was again elicited, while repeating the @entity1619 . RESULTS: Giving extra information led to a decline in the total score on the @entity1619 . Twenty one were initially unable to make a choice (24%). After additional information, 33 were incapable (37.5%, Chi-squared p<0.001). Those initially incapable had the lowest scores on all measures of functional capacity and @entity10686 , with highest scores for symptoms. Those able to choose a treatment option had the highest levels of function and least symptoms. Those who became incapable had intermediate scores. CONCLUSIONS: Giving extra information made an extra 15% unable to choose. Clinical judgement must be exercised concerning the amount of information disclosed. Deciding what is material to the individual is arbitrary when so few items of information can be processed. Greater use of guardianship and independent second opinions is recommended.

title: Extra information about treatment is too much for the XXXX with @entity716 .

entities_list: @entity1 :: ('9606', 'Species') :: ['patients']

entities_list: @entity337 :: ('MESH:D001022', 'Disease') :: ['incompetence']

entities_list: @entity716 :: ('MESH:D011605', 'Disease') :: ['psychotic', 'psychosis']

answer: @entity1 :: (9606,Species) :: ['patient']


abstract: The interest of surgical prostheses in the palliative treatment of @entity1125 is well established, on the basis of their good tolerance, the more than 15 year follow up experience and the number of @entity1 operated upon. After exeresis, they allow re-establishment of continuity, either by use of a prosthesis in Y when the right and let ducts can be dissected, or by using two prostheses, a multiperforated long prosthesis reimplanted in the duodenum and a short prosthesis reimplanted in the common bile duct without attaining the sphincter of Oddi. Of the 1000 cases treated, 500 were the object of a statistical analysis, 46 being operated upon by the author, in 60% of cases for @entity1125 , either primary or as an extension from the gallbladder. One-third of the @entity1 had @entity1442 and a short survival of less than 3 months. Two-thirds a median survival of 9 months. In 10%, a radical exeresis was performed with survival of more than one year without recurrence of @entity1087 . Failure of treatment with persistence of @entity1087 was due to @entity1442 for which surgery is unsatisfactory. Essential complications were @entity1157 (5%) without serious consequences if sufficient drainage was maintained, since it stopped spontaneously, and angiocholitis (6%), the result of territory exclusion or reflux. Recurrence of @entity1087 was related to extension of the @entity5 to the secondary bile ducts, and to hepatic metastases. Obstruction of the prosthesis before two months was rare (6%) and was preceded by angiocholitis. In the absence of recurrence of the @entity5 the prosthesis can be replaced surgically without difficulty.

title: [Surgical silicone prostheses in the treatment of XXXX : long prostheses or short prostheses? Results apropos of 500 cases].

entities_list: @entity5 :: ('MESH:D009369', 'Disease') :: ['cancer', 'neoplasm']

entities_list: @entity1157 :: ('MESH:D001649', 'Disease') :: ['premature bile leaks']

entities_list: @entity1442 :: ('MESH:D020178', 'Disease') :: ['advanced lesions', 'advanced disease']

entities_list: @entity1125 :: ('MESH:D001661', 'Disease') :: ['biliary tract cancer']

answer: @entity1125 :: (MESH:D001661,Disease) :: ['biliary tract cancers']